Hi, I'm Zor. Welcome to a new Zor education. I would like to spend some time and talk about graphics of trigonometric functions. Everyone of them will be addressed in separate lectures. So today I will talk about sign. The first of all, before we go into concrete problems, which I would like to basically present to you, let me summarize what you really have to understand about the function before you attempt to graph it. Well, I have a few points here, which I will just address one after another. First of all, trigonometric functions are either odd or even. Odd means they change the sign, if argument changed the signs, like sign for instance or tangent, and even function like cosine do not change. Very little if argument changes the sign. Now, next is symmetry. Well, if the function is odd, then the graph is centrally symmetrical relatively to the beginning of the coordinates. So it's like turning by 180 degree, that's central symmetry. If function is even like cosine, then it's symmetrical reflective symmetry relative to vertical axis, y-axis. Now, next it's important to know when the function equals to zero, zero points. For sign, for instance, zero pi, two pi, etc. for cosine, everything is shifted by p over two. So it's p over two, p over two plus pi, p over two plus two pi, etc. Periodicity obviously is important. Now, the periodicity is two pi for sine cosine, it's pi for tangent for tangent. Next is asymptotes. Functions like tangent and cotangent and second and cosecant, they have something in the denominator which can be equal to zero. At these points, when denominator of these functions equals to zero, the function itself has an asymptote. You have to analyze what's the sign of the asymptote on the left and on the right. What's the sign of the function on the left and on the right of the asymptote? Next is maximum and minimum. Some functions have maximum and minimum like sine. Some functions don't have anything. They're going to negative infinity to positive infinity like tangent. Some functions have only local minimums and local maximum like second and cosecant. So understanding all these issues, let's just go through examples one by one. So the first one is, you have to draw the graph of this function. Now, let's just think about it. If function y is equal to sine of x has a graph and there is a point a, b which belongs to this graph, what does it mean? It means that b is equal to sine of a. That's what it means. Point a, b, a is x-coordinate, b is y-coordinate belongs to this graph. If it satisfies this particular equation. Now, if this is true for point a, b and graph of this function, then let's take a point minus a, b and see if it will belong to this graph. Well, the answer is yes, because if I will substitute minus a to this and b to this, I will get this particular equation and we know that this particular equation is true. So for every point of a graph a, b of a graph of this function, point a, b, point minus a, b belongs to this particular graph. So if you have a graph of function sine, which looks like this, so this is 0, this is pi, this is minus pi, this is pi over 2, this is minus pi over 2. So if you have a graph like this and you have a point a, b which belongs to this graph, that I know that the point minus a, b which is here approximately, it's symmetrical relatively to the y-axis. This is y-axis, this is x-axis. So if point a, b is here, point minus a, b is symmetrical relatively to this. So for every point of this graph, for every point, there is a corresponding point of this graph which is symmetrical relatively to the y-axis, which means that the whole graph is symmetrical relatively to the y-axis. So we will just have to flip it. So it will be like this. So this is y is equal to sine of minus x. So whenever you change the sine of the attribute, and that's true not only for this function, it's true for any function. If you have any function y is equal to f of minus x, the graph is symmetrical relatively to the y-axis to the graph of y is equal to f of x. Okay. That's the problem number one. I have eight of these problems and they're all more or less the same kind of easy. Sine of 3x. Well, same consideration. Let's start with a function y is equal to sine of x, and let's consider the point a, b belongs to it. Now, if that's true, which means actually that b is equal to sine of f of a, if that is true, then point a over 3, b belongs to this graph, right? Because if you will substitute a over 3 times 3, it would be a and this would be b. So that's the true equality. So for every point a, b, the point a divided by 3b belongs to this graph. So let me start from the beginning. So this is sine 0 pi to pi minus pi yx. Now, if this is a point a, b, now where is the point a divided by 3b? Well, this particular segment is divided by 3, and same thing will be on the negative side. So the whole graph will squeeze in by the ratio of 3. So instead of pi, I will have here pi over 3, and the wave will be like this. Instead of 2pi, I will have 2pi over 3, and the wave will be like this. And same thing here. So the whole graph is squeezed in, and it becomes like the oscillation becomes more frequent, if you wish, three times more frequent oscillation. So whenever you multiply the argument by 3, you will have the whole graph horizontally squeezed towards the beginning of coordinate by the same ratio of 2. Next, sine x over divided by 3. Now, this is absolutely the same, so I don't want to repeat a lot. If point a, b belongs to the graph of sine of x, then point 3ab belongs to this graph of this, right? Because it's 3a divided by 3 with the a, and this is b, and this is the true thing. So for every point a, b which belongs to this graph, which you know, this graph has a point which is 3 times further. So it's not, in the previous problem, we had a squeezing. In this problem, we have a stretching, the whole graph. So if this is 0pi 2pi, minus pi, minus 2pi, then the next will be, this is 3pi. So I'm squeezing, sorry, I'm stretching three times. So this point, this particular piece of the curve will stretch, and this point from pi will go to 3pi, so it will be like this. And continue. So next point will be 6pi over there. Same thing can I think, it goes like this, minus 3pi. So the graph is stretched, and the frequency of oscillation becomes obviously small. Now whatever I was just talking about is true for any function, not only sine or cosine. So basically if you know the properties of graphs, how the graph is transformed, if you are manipulating in some way attributes, like you divide the argument by something or multiply or add something. So if you know this, this should be no problem. Now 3 sine of x. OK, now I will be brief. If point AB belongs to the sine of x, then point A3B belongs to this sine. Why? Well, obviously, if you substitute A here, we'll have sine A, which is equal to B, because AB belongs to the sine, and multiply by 3 would be 3B. So what does it mean? If point AB belongs to this one, let me start again. So where is the 3AB? Well, obviously, it's three times higher. So everything goes three times higher. It would be something like this. So it's stretching, but vertically in this case. Previous problems were squeezing or stretching horizontally. In this case, this particular factor, it is greater than 1. It's stretching. If it's smaller than 1, it's squeezing. So the maximum was 1, but in this case, maximum would be 3, obviously, when x is equal to pi over 2. As you see, all these problems are simple, and all they require is knowledge of how the graph is transformed when argument is transformed as well. Next, sine pi over 2 minus x. Let me transform it a little bit. First, I will do sine of minus x. And they know what it is. Then I will do sine of minus x minus pi over 2. And I know how to do that. And this is exactly what I need, right? So let's start from this. If I change the sign of the argument, you remember the graph would be symmetrical relatively too. So instead of this, I will get this. So that's my first transformation, from blue to red, from sine x to sine of minus x. Now, if I subtract some constant from the argument, what happens with the function? Well, if I subtract positive constant, then the whole graph moves to the right. Again, that's the property of the graphs, which I'm sure you know what it is. So right now, my graph is moved to the right by pi over 2. So my next would be shift by pi over 2. This is, by the way, pi over 2. So the whole thing minus pi over 2, pi over 2. So the whole thing actually moves here. So I will have this way. So that's my new graph. And this is what I need. Now, does it look familiar? Yes, it's the graph of a cosine. Because sine of pi over 2 minus x is actually a cosine. And we will talk about this in a separate lecture. So I was using things from the general graph theory that if you add some constant to the argument, then the graph is moving left and right, depending on the sine of this particular constant is your adding. If it's negative, it's to the right. If it's positive, it's to the left. Next, minus 1 third sine of 3 minus 3x minus 3 pi over 2. OK, let's, again, do something simple. First, I will start with this. Then I will change it to this. Then I will change it to this, or minus 3,000. And then I will change it to this. These are transformations which I would like actually to perform. Now, I don't really need this. Let's just do two steps in one shot. That would be easy, right? So first, I start with my sine. Then I multiply it by minus 3, which means I have to, minus means I'm reflecting relatively to the y. And then I'm squeezing by three times. So this was pi. This was pi over 2. Now this is pi over 6. And this is pi over 3, right? So I'm inverting this. I'm reflecting. OK, and that would be something like this. The wave would be like this. Same thing here. Pi over 6, pi over 3, like this. That's the first transformation. Reflecting and squeezing by three times. OK, next, I have to shift it by minus p over 2. So at p over 2, it would be where? Let me just think about it. So it's something like this, right? This is 2 pi over 3. So the graph would be like this. OK, now, if I add pi over 2, which means I'm shifting everything to the left by pi over 2, which is this particular piece. So it would be something like this, the brown one. So the red one would be shifted by pi over 2, which is this particular piece. It's not on the maximum, obviously. But anyway, that's basically the description of the graph. So you take this one and shift it to the left by pi over 2. That's it. So far, everything which I was just doing was related to general properties of the graphs and their transformation. Next is slightly different. Next is sine of 2x plus sine of minus x. That's interesting. So what is this? We have to basically add two functions. So if this is 2 pi pi pi over 2, now sine x would be this way, but we are reflecting to the negative sine minus pi minus pi over 2 minus 2 pi. So the graph would be this. That's sine of minus x. Now sine of x would be the regular sine squeezed by 2, which means it would be this, something like this. And now I have to add these two together. Well, let's do it in key points. Key points are obviously 0 pi over 2 pi, 3 pi over 2, et cetera. Now the periodicity is obvious because the periodicity is 2 pi. So we can basically forget about the negative side. So let's concentrate on the positive side from 0 to 2 pi. So the blue one is sine of 2x. It goes up and down, up and down, up twice. So we have two waves. And this one goes down and then up and then down again. That's one wave. So where are zero points? Well, zero points are obviously this. And this and this. That's good. Now here the blue one is going up. The black one, which is sine of minus x, goes down. So which one is faster? Well, let's think about it. Since the blue one is squeezed the regular sine, it's steeper, which means it goes up faster. So it goes up faster. And it reaches this maximum at point pi over 4, obviously. This is equal to 1 at pi over 4. Now this function at pi over 4 is equal to square root of 2 over 2. So the difference would be some positive thing. Then we go all the way down very fast on the blue one. And the black one goes to pi over 2. It goes to minus 1. So in this particular case, we have minus 1. The sum of these two, right? So basically, this is how it would look. Next, at this point they are equal. So their difference would be equal to zero. Now here, again, we have zero here. So we will have some kind of a loop here. And then we are subtracting, we are adding both of them together. But now they are added together because both of them are on the positive side. So it would be something, and maximum would be something like this. And then it will go down to this because the blue one is equal to zero. Somewhere along the line, we will get zero. Now this is steeper, so it would be negative, and it goes like this. So what we have right now is also a waving function. But it waves much more in a much more complex way than each one separately. Now it's something, the behavior of the function which is sum of signs with different factors on the argument is basically also an oscillation. But physical meaning of that thing is consider you have some kind of a pendulum. Now pendulum is changing its position also based on some trigonometric function, sign or cosine depending on what angle you are using. But then what if you not only change, not only you move the pendulum itself, but also the point where it is hanging off. And it's also changing in oscillation kind of a way. It's basically this. So you have this thing going left and right, and this is also flexible so it goes left and right. Now the question is, what's the movement of the ending point? Well, this is the physical meaning of that particular thing. So it would be a waving kind of a position changing, waving function, but the waving will be much more complex. So it will seem like jerking actually. But basically it's not jerking. It's small oscillation over applied on the bigger ones. So that's basically the meaning of that thing. And that's the law which you can use to basically to grab the position of this point or investigate its position. And so what's important here, we have two different factors. So one oscillation is more frequent than another. And that's how you have this kind of difficult to describe behavior. By the way, if you will take a look at this particular construction, mechanical construction, you will be surprised how complex the movement of that particular point actually is. Now, and the last one is sine of x plus sine of x plus pi over 2. Now, what's the specificity of this particular thing? Well, the frequency of the oscillation is exactly the same. It's just one that's shifted, in this case, to the left. So let me try to draw the graph. So one graph would be the normal x. So it's like this. Another is shifted by pi over 2 to the left. So pi over 2 to the left would do this. Now we have to add them together. Well, in this case, it's 0. It's 1. So this is the sum. And in this case, it's also one graph is 0. Another is 1. And somewhere in between, this would be a little bit greater. Then it goes down to minus 1, even further down, because this is adding together absolute values to a negative thing. Then it goes to 1 here, because it's 0 and 1 and 1 here. So somewhere in between, I shouldn't really go in this way. It's smooth. So this is basically the sum of these two graphs. And then, by periodicity, it's actually repeating itself like this. This is a smooth thing. And here you have something like this. So in this particular case, the frequency is the same. We're just shifting them together. So it looks more like a regular graph of a sign, as far as number of maximum and minimum. But it's just shifted and stretched a little, whatever. So that's the transformation. We just add it together, these two graphs. Well, as you see, it's not really difficult if you do remember the function's graphs and how the graph are changing with small manipulation of the function itself, like changing of the argument by some linear factor or adding a constant or changing the value of the function, like multiplying by some second. So I do suggest you to repeat again the properties of the function graphs in general. And then all these problems would actually be very easy. Well, that's it for this particular lecture. I will repeat something like this for all trigonometric functions, cosine, tangent, cotangent, second, and cos second. But that's the future lectures. Thank you very much.


Well, if you're intrigued to find out this is the panel discussion you've been waiting for join me in welcoming our international experts on the topic to get an understanding of the future of online gaming. I would like to thank our associate partner local home of Indian gaming who has partnered on this and please join me in welcoming. I need to find the other founder of local we've got Michael who's the international sector director, he sports and gaming you go from Germany. We've got Jacob Shradar, the GM of eSports at Zen Sports USA we've got Marcus Howard, the author of innovative gaming and eSports and also a member of blockchain game alliance and we've of course got Neera Shruparal, the head of mobile and emerging tech group and who has a gladly accepted to be the session chair for this discussion. Well, it's going to be a great one and we're really for looking forward to a great discussion I'm sure and the mighty task of moderating is in your hands so Neera please take off the library. Thank you. Thank you so much. Question to the guest today login with MR or VR. While the session was on I just put it on I was my gaming zone. Great start Neera so over to you. All right guys this is pretty much a subject which we all are super passionate about so it doesn't even need a heads up or say I would say let's just spend about one minute on what's keeping us busy these days on the topics which are not just announced. Something that's keeping me super busy is this entire wave of metaverse and I've been busy creating a lot of sci-fi experiences here and in the Indian market getting my brands on board as well. So the India's first wedding you guys must have heard about it that was completely conceptualized by us and we got some of our brands like Coca Cola to be part of it. One of the one of my personal favorites on metaverse is the work which we did on Mondelees for Cadbury silk wherein we created a moon dating experience one of the lucky couples from Mumbai. This is a lot of sci-fi work which also happens on the gaming space right from Roblox to Fortnite to Sony PlayStation as well so we are actually getting a lot of our brands immersed in those experiences creating a lot of interesting brand integrations out there. So my question to begin with would be for Marcus being a big fan of your books and I've been reading it in a big way and when Imran came up to me I was just reading up more about you and then I see your post on LinkedIn. My first question to Marcus would be how will the metaverse grow the esports space? Great question, Narajan. Thank you all for joining. I believe that the metaverse is going to give esports teams the ability to have kind of scalable revenue and engagement opportunities and shout out to Lowell Stevens. He wrote a fantastic paper about that so you haven't seen it, definitely go check that out. But the ability to basically create these digital assets, these digital experiences that don't have the traditional kind of fixed price cost of in-person events. It also has the ability to kind of activate a wider variety of brands because as we all know the metaverse is really just the gaming industry. So if you start to get more brands into the gaming industry now they have the opportunity to recognize the value to have this digital presence and then that allows us to grow the total audience of brands that are engaging. What's your take on mixed reality? Because one of my favorite players in India which is going to rewrite the history of mixed reality in India is GeoTesseract. They're going to be bundling up the mixed reality hardware with GeoFiber. It's going to enter our households in less than six months. It's going to be pretty much mainstream is what I feel. How would that pretty much drive the esport wave? What is supposed to go mainstream? I would say for esports to go mainstream. What role would mixed reality play? I think one of the challenges we have with scale is that there's still a stigma against video games and then by extension esports people don't believe that you can be a sports athlete if you're sitting in your chair playing at a console or computer or mobile. And so what XR creates is the ability to have this kind of full body motion full interaction that you associate with traditional sports. And then in that way not only are you having more activity so it's seen as more accepted but then you also extend the amount of engagement opportunities. Extended reality means not only can you have esports from your home but you can have it at let's call it a Chuck E. Cheese or a stadium or there's simulation software where there's kind of extended reality bicycle riding. And I don't know if you've heard of Hado which is basically digital dodgeball. I just had an interview last week or earlier this week. The gentleman who's getting ready to do with use extended reality do the same thing to motor sports that laser tag has done to paintball. So you're driving an electric go cart but it feels like you're playing Mario Kart because you can shoot lasers there are bombs and all kinds of power ups. So it really helps kind of extend traditional sports I think kind of creating this hybrid area between traditional and virtual where again there's just this massive opportunity to go mainstream. Alright Jacob this one is for you. How to get rid of barriers of entry to blockchain games. That's that's that's a question which keeps cropping in when we have conversations with a lot of our clients. What's awesome. Of course, yeah, you know also thank you for having me it's a pleasure to be here. I would say the blockchain in general right is, you know huge for gaming. It basically provides players the ability to changeably own their assets and games. And because the blockchain is extendable and and never sleeps right those games are or those those assets are much more liquid than assets and video games have ever been before. Right because these blockchain games are pretty new and there's only select few of them that have really taken off. You see prices, you know that are extremely high and games like splinter lands and actually infinity to just get into the game. That was, you know I would say a year and a half ago that was a really big deal and really hard for people to kind of get into blockchain gaming. Right and and the ability to lower the very entry is just what's going to make it go mainstream, right or give it that push that it needs so you know what we've seen is card renting asset renting and kind of in actually infinity specifically with their guilds just the ability for you know users who have the assets to basically lend them to other users right that's huge and that's what's going to help push blockchain gaming into the masses. Some games are doing it better than others right splinter lands it's actually on the blockchain they have coded into the smart contracts basically such or decentralized lending. Right and actually they do it with scholarships which is slightly centralized I know they're working at a solution to make it more decentralized but just in general it's that way and that kind of, you know, that lending and the ability to rent that's really going to lower the very entry. All right, questions so on it out now. I know they've been doing a lot of work on now web three and gaming. Why is there so much excitement around this. Okay I think as the other. My voice is going through my audio where it's working well it's working well I could hear you I don't know if you can hear me. I can I can go on. Okay, super. Yeah, I mean the big exciting thing is that love that you know with local right there. So, so you know for us, there are two things right gaming is going to become more immersive with them with the 5G coming in mobile computing is going to get better. And so you're going to finally see people are going to immerse themselves in these worlds it's already happened with desktop you know you were on Oculus Oculus price point is not too different from a mobile phone. So you're going to see people going towards more immersive entertainment more immersive experiences and gaming is obviously the easiest and most fun way to get in there right if you played. You know you were talking about I spent an inordinate amount of time playing cricket on the Oculus really fun game it's not like super advanced in terms of its graphics but the basic gameplay is great. I kind of feeling like you're actually in a stadium and you know I spent other times on an app like wonder where I'm just wandering around different parts of the world, and in the lockdown that's an unbelievable feeling but also for someone who may not have the money yet to go do that. When you combine that sort of immersive experience with what web three is going to do which is, it's allowing you to actually own a piece of, you know the web in some sense. The fact that you can own your own skins you can own a certain digital merchandise that allows for a very, very different level of of engagement and of fandom right I own this cap I own a Liverpool cap I'm a big Liverpool fan, whether local lives or dies or the Liverpool look lives or dies I own this cap right but tomorrow you know if if some of these other games which are popular today we bought, let's say you spend $10,000, you know you love the game, if it dies, you got nothing, you will be left with zero. And that doesn't happen in these online worlds now so I think the fact that you can combine immersion with ownership means it's the next level of fandom. And I think as Marcus was suggesting earlier, there's no reason that through smart contracts you cannot even, you can't actually control the clubs or make certain key decisions with those clubs right so you know just the same way a shareholders agreement today enables shareholders to govern an enterprise the same way a doubt is being governed by smart contracts or certain things like everything is not 100% decentralized yet but we are going to a place where you could say that hey there's a bid on a player who's going to spend $100 million we have to get everybody to say yes because that's that's a major decision right or if you want to change the stadium if you want to sell the stadium right like if I as a fan don't ever want my stadium to ever lose So that you can't do today right and I think a lot what people don't appreciate enough is the best sporting clubs in the world have a lot of history to them and that history comes to fans and loyalty that's been built over time and I think both these things are happening together and I think that makes it an amazing and exciting time to work in the industry. Like you say every time I get on to my Oculus and an Oculus is pretty much much cheaper than a mobile device like you mentioned right and every time I get into it and I'm playing a game I start thinking how do I integrate my brand's problems take back on to this real estate so I was just playing an AR puzzle game which was about fixing Taj Mahal altogether and I was thinking why can't I get Fevicol in you know like put a Fevicol and get this all together we used to do a lot of interesting stuff with So if you run out of birds you go and watch AV out there you get a pop up bird and you can just go along and play the game right so what's your take on advertisers in this new age world of online gaming predominantly how will it go mainstream Is this question to me I can Yeah I'm continuing with you Yeah so for I mean look you know having built a large content company like pocket races which is a leader in his field today you know we built it when digital video was not so big in India in 2015 right and gaming I was saying from 2018 is a mainstream entertainment format and it's only in 2021 that we've seen it grow in that fashion I think advertisers always going to be reactive the best advertisers will obviously take a leaf forward early but attention is going to move and when attention moves advertisers will certainly move and advertising is when the consumers happy consuming that advertising without thinking it's you know something disruptive right so that's one form of advertising when you come to immersive certain things that the brands will advertisers will obviously get into because it's it's where the future is it's where attention will move same thing with gaming and they're an interesting format right currently you think that they're only banner ads but you could have audio ads which while you're playing a game it's not as disruptive right we're still progressing along how what different advertising formats can mean even as the previous sponsor BMW saying I mean we've just done an e-sports tournament where you know their integration with one of the phone brands was playing and people didn't drop off because they saw it as a validation of their community right but I think there's lots of interesting ways in which advertisers will come into the mix and even you know the the newest form of advertisers will find a way of engaging those communities in a very meaningful manner so you know whether it's in a play to one sort of situation or even on a local where you know let's say if you know you're trying to support I as a user I'm trying to support an athlete you know and you can support to which I can send to them or you know Pepsi can say I'm going to support it and every fan of this particular person every single word so good is free from my side right now suddenly like Pepsi is putting itself as a you know as a fan with with the common you know user so I think there are a lot of interesting ways for you know whether it's you know more niche brands for mainstream brands and I think what this is seeing in gaming in India is that it's breaking geographical and you know in good grounds on with a phone you can start showing your showing your skill and actually to to to Max's point on e-sports earlier as well what can happen is that you're you know if you were for example buying card collectibles or you're playing these games which are the modern fantasy games with NFTs in them today if you have no chance of being a scout in a in a year or two if you show people that you know e-sports owners that look look at my portfolio of picks that I made you know you it's completely something that can be you know verified by them so because the provenance is there so suddenly you have completely new job and a completely new way of getting that job very similar to how say you know digital video where you can now just make you know point and shoot make a video and suddenly the new digital stars came up that as you think about the future of e-sports of sport itself this is a simple way in which people can start participating and that means again regardless of where you are your skill will put you forward so I think it's it's an exciting time and that advertisers can actually come into that fold as well and and really really you know build interesting clubs you know football clubs you know how interesting perspective that would be sold on it I said if I may I would if I may I would would really like like to build on what was said earlier because why how it actually shows that if you find a way to non intrusively bring yourself into your game. This is the perfect way to sell something because it's not perceived as advertisement it's perceived as part of the game. There was an example over here with well finally in my home market in Germany, where a frozen food brand, which has nothing to do with with GTA brought themselves into the game branded all the stores over the more or less Christmas period with their branding and put their their their stuff in the stores for sale. I looked into the data because I found the super intriguing and the consideration rate so not only yeah awareness and so on but really would people buy their product jumped up five times as high as before. And this is showing what a decent audience you can reach and what the effects could be if you find a way which is super easy to do as you saw here then with a clever at but advertisement campaign, which is not even perceived as advertisement but being part of the part of the game. That's that's that's brilliant so we started with the markers with the perspective on metaverse gaming and how mixed reality is going to have a play out there. We moved to Jacobson we covered this entire space of blockchain gaming and I know that gave us an absolutely amazing perspective on the online game side of it and advertisers play out there. My question to Michael would be more on the lines of cryptocurrencies. So how do you see esports fans see the world of cryptocurrencies. Yeah, this is the question that is just discussed heavily. I mean, a building on on markets points there's still so many misconceptions around those type groups and so on. Thank God we are amongst process so I don't have to Michael do they really embrace it. Do they really understand the general population. That is what I was what I was going to to aim at. Yes, they do, and much much more than the general population. They're not even understand it better. They use it more often, and they, they also see this as a new way of investment. Fair we have a target group here that is tech savvy has a higher share of people that are at universities studying it and so on. So, there is an affinity between between those two but this is not not all to explain it. So we again we have a super young and have a target group here that is a bit more towards newer technologies being being more on the forefront of things trying things out being a gamer at heart doesn't hurt here. So, in general, the general population is still leaning back on cryptocurrency. I mean, Joe Biden just yesterday issued that the US government has to look into into cryptocurrency and find a way how to really deal with it. So this is more or less the standpoint of the general population with the sports fans being much much more advanced and in this area. So what I'm going to take on a lot of these gaming platforms are now becoming in bits and pieces I would say are becoming brand unsafe. Popa compliance is something which is keeping a lot of brands away from these platforms children online protection act. So a lot of a lot of these platforms have got a lot of messy content which is appearing so so how is the ecosystem countering that space now. Anyone anyone can can maybe take this question. I'm happy to take it from a given the year stream platform and we see some of these things. I think as a platform you have to put regardless whether there's an act on there's no act you have to put safety as a paramount. You know, KPI for yourself and your platform. So what we've done is, we have no tolerance for any sort of, you know, loot content we have an active team that moderates that content. We also have kind of cutting edge features built using ML which quickly find out whether some, you know, whether there's bad language etc that's been used. And that's always a cop and robber type situation you you do something they they figure out how to go right but put your effort forward. Do that and you're on all the certainly on all the. Hey, can you can you hear me now. Hello. Yeah, yeah. Yeah, I was saying basically for the some of the larger streams you always have manual moderators and for all the individual guys they have to be moderated and going forward. You've given streamers their own moderator tools and going forward we will be making that a pretty key requirement for you to end up having a monetization channel etc so we're making it a key priority and and I think other platforms which are serious are doing the same. Sure, sure. Jacob another just a follow up to the question which I asked you what's going to bring the blockchain gaming to the mainstream. Of course. Yeah, so you know right now blockchain gaming, you know as I mentioned earlier there's only a few games that really are popular to you know a really great extent. I would say bringing blockchain gaming to consoles and being able to connect a wallet to the Xbox or to the PS4 is really going to be a huge step for you know the mainstream popularity of blockchain gaming. They can kind of do what they do with with mobile blockchain games where you're not able to make purchases, because doing so with the 30% fee that distributors take would be really difficult. But you know, we've seen some blockchain games go mobile right skyweaver just did it the game looks awesome. It's great, but you know to get console is really the next level of mainstream gamers so I think once that's kind of able to be done blockchain gaming can really How about cryptocurrency is the gamers do they have a different view on cryptocurrencies. The point which Michael mentioned. I would say certainly, I would say gamers are, you know, more, you know, it was there was a scene from ready player one, right where the main character runs out of gas and all of a sudden he sells something on his body, and basically coins poof up and he's able to load those into his car, and that's gas right and that just you know kind of as soon as I saw that I was like oh my gosh that's cryptocurrency. Right that's the ability for the assets in a game to be unbelievably liquid to the fact that you can sell something. You know, move it to another chain potentially and taken another asset kind of instantaneously and that's what dangerous need right there's so many small transactions and gaining so much micro transactions that it's you know kind of perfect for cryptocurrency. Marcus has something to add to this point. You're having a laugh about at that point.  Thanks. So, totally building on was one on what what Jacob just said what our data totally underlines this because to be fair comparing eSports fans to the general population might not be the best comparison to draw here, but eSports fans as a example of the gamers is more the correct way way to go and yeah gamers they as you said Jacob. Well, exclamation mark. Yes, they have a deeper understanding they have they already use it and still in this group, which is a huge group. The eSports fans still are way, way forward so they even use cryptocurrency more than than than gamers per se, but still the application of cryptocurrency and so on. To be fair, I'm the only one in the people that I know that that has some cryptocurrency and they all look at you. This bitcoin stuff you do that. Yes, I do that. What's about it's not like I'm going to throttle or anything it's cryptocurrency so man, dude. Yeah. How do we get this into the general population like this, talking about it. This is nothing strange and it's just, man, come on. This is just the normal way to do things. So Marcus now you're on. Yeah, I agree with everything that Jacob and Michael said and then think we all understand that you don't have to teach gamers about digital items and digital currencies right like I started playing video games when I was six with Super Mario Brothers three that you can't see on the camera because of the background let me try this. Here we go. There you can see it right.  So it's part and parcel the experience for gaming. And as everyone here is mentioned like what you can't do right now is like basically you invest into this ecosystem you basically don't get anything back beyond entertainment and nothing against the value of entertainment obviously we all love the value of entertainment with blockchain gaming is going to kind of take it to the next level where you literally have you know this nirvana opportunity to play to earn, you know, I don't have to be, I don't have to have a yacht right from playing video games but if I could pay my rent and get my groceries by playing video games like a happy person I would do that right now. Okay guys just to follow this a quick one on your book here we are we are a big fan of your book out there how the gaming community. Your book. Thank you. Thank you thank you I appreciate that yeah and and I actually have a team from India and I don't know if you can let me do this again. Oh, I can't see it I wish I could turn the background. Oh there was part of it. So I can see that you can see that so what you can't see because of the background is basically, this is a team from India. So I have six, six continents represented in the book. You know, and actually it's been distributed now to six continents, just as from the previous panel we discussed here like education is the key to get this mainstream adoption so I built this book to educate gamers who are kids and gamers of all ages but also parents teachers ecosystem leaders, you know, mayors and influencers about gaming and esports the $180 billion gaming industry the billion dollar esports industry, and in this actually have a dedicated chapter one for the metaverse and a separate dedicated chapter for NFTs blockchain crypto. So as people are reading this book and playing the demos that are included in the book. They learn about this space and actually I also have an NFT that allows you to view the entire book virtually and has a bunch of extra bonus content that's bound to the NFT so it's not just a JPEG and I don't want to go on that that soapbox but there's extra functionality to it so that people as they're getting the book they're learning about cryptos and blockchain and the metaverse in the process. Super. Just as closing comments I would like to hear from you guys maybe one minute each on future of online gaming how do you guys see it all evolving over a period of time. Yeah, all I'll say is, especially in the Indian context, they're gonna use this word gamers in five years because everybody's going to be a gamer right like we don't say are you a television viewer or like you watch series like everybody's watching its numbers so large.  You're going to see a lot of a lot more people able to participate get new job. And I think one of the reasons that we haven't seen blockchain really all the crypto really go into the gaming community much in India is because it's really hard right now. So that's something that, you know, companies like us are going to tackle it, people to get crypto even if it's a small number that so that they don't actually see the difference. Once your experience, your experience becomes easy enough. Oh, and it's really exciting place and as a gamer I couldn't be happier I get paid to do this so you know it's a tap dance to work when when you have a job like so I'm excited. What we heard you Jacob you want to go next. Absolutely. So to me the the future of online gaming is more interactivity right it's more peer to peer features within games that allow people to connect. It's it's kind of going away from single player games where it's a storyline and you're not able to play with with others or live in a virtual world where you can interact kind of like the sandbox or other Metaverse platforms. I think we're really moving at a place where it's all about interactivity it's all about kind of being able to play games with your friends right if you can't play with your friend if you can't kind of show off a layer of personal expression through a game. It's not going to be popular and I think that's where online gaming is going. Marcus you want to go next. Sure. And I want to give a shout out to the team in India Boolean Network, they were actually getting ready to launch their platform so glad to make introductions for anyone who's interested. What they're doing what I believe is the future of gaming is this centralizing access for opportunity, because they're allowing basically independent creators to have 360 degrees of monetization but I think in the future what you'll see is gaming redefining play experience, but you know the way we do education and workforce development business engagement, not just like business to consumer but business to business, because again 60, you know 66% of Americans and nearly half the world's population plays video games. We'll see video games redefine like how we experience our personal and business lives the same way that we have seen social media do that over the last 20 years. Michael you want to round up the conversations for us to have exactly 30 seconds. Sure. Thank you. There's almost everything has been said said I think that mobile mobile devices should not be underestimated having this things here always with us makes the access of gaming easier and gives us leisure time whenever we need it. And crypto currencies are here to stay. Yeah. Thank you so much. Thank you so much for this interesting panel conversation. Thank you before I am for evangelizing the space of gaming. Interesting times ahead and a panelist today shared some of the really insightful data points on gaming and future of online gaming so stay tuned on to this event. Have a good conference guys. Thank you so much. Thank you so much Neeraj. I will have to say cheers to everyone who's taken out the valuable time everyone across the various parts across the world I know there are different time zones and I don't want to get to that. But I'd really like to appreciate all your effort for joining in and your valuable intakes. Thank you.


Meanwhile, Bank of America out with a note talking about a delayed iPhone 8? Yeah, I mean, look, I think that there was someone saying that they're panicking and they don't panic up. They're the coolest people in the room. Apple's a consumer product company and they're not going to release a product if it isn't perfect, even if they miss the Christmas season. It's not their style. So those who are basing their numbers on whether it can get out or not are missing the big picture, which is that this is a consumer products company that will not release a product before it's time.


Welcome, and thank you for coming to our second Cold Games Challenge webinar. My name is Monica Rose at Surprise Connect, and we are creating a better world with some really, really great opportunities for you guys. We're going to start with our Cold Games Challenges, really calls on young innovators ages 10 to 18 across the globe to create new, fun games that envision and ultimately help build a better future for everyone. By incorporating inspiration and creativity into the next generation, these new games will allow young creators to hone critical skills in coding and game design and shape technology and your world rather than being shaped by it. So please join and create fun and immersive video games that entertain and dare to imagine creative solutions to some of the biggest global challenges. Go to coldgameschallenge.org to sign up. We would love to have you. And once again, thank you for coming, and now we're going to get into more information about the wonderful speaker we have today, who will be teaching you more about how to take your idea to a game concept. So today's speaker will be Shereen Laura Salimia. She is founder and CEO of Playworks in WizGirls Academy. Playworks is an interactive media company that creates multi-platform immersive experiences. At WizGirls Academy, students can engage in project-based learning with tech literacy while acquiring holding skills and entrepreneurial tools and building confidence as members of their communities. Using gamification with the healthy balanced lifestyle is the slam. As a thought leader and tech pioneer, she's created programs for the White House Council on Women and Girls and collaborated with President Barack Obama and First Lady Michelle Obama, Vice President Joe Biden, at the Reach Higher Education Summit at the White House. She also hosted the first hackathon for Women and Girls at the White House. In 2014, she hosted Kids Hack for LA in collaboration with Mayor Garcetti, the White House and Will I Am's I Am Angel Foundation. Shereen is also a TEDx speaker and she has esteemed panelists from the Millican Institute Global Conference. She's been honored with exemplary distinctions in the LA County Pioneer Women of the Year Award, the IJWO Women of the Year Award, and in 2015, she was honored as a Tribeca Disruptor Innovation Fellow. She's currently advisor to the Pixel Exchange and on the Executive Committee for the Television Academy's Interactive Media Peer Group. Please join me in welcoming Shereen Lauer-Ras, Selenia. Monica, thank you for that introduction. Welcome everyone. This is the schedule of what we're doing today. So I'm going to tell you who I am. We're going to talk about how do we create a game from an idea. We're going to talk about a game design document. So what are you supposed to include? The development and process of games and wireframes and storyboards. I'm going to get into a deep discussion about that. We're going to do a paper wireframe. So I hope you have your paper and pencil handy. And I'm going to give you a list of resources and then we're going to answer your questions. So I hope you're ready. OK, so I grew up as a gamer. Anybody recognize these? So I was obsessed with Atari 2600, as you can see, and Nintendo. And I'm the champion for Miss Pac-Man. And of course, you can see Super Mario Brothers. Did you know that gaming is STEM, science, technology, engineering, and math? So when I was little, I saw this movie. It was a long time ago in the 80s because I'm a child of the 80s with Tom Hanks. And that's what I wanted to do. So I used to test toys. So dream big, but be careful what you wish for because I used to do that, like I said. So started out working on Barbie in market research and then went to work at MGA, started the research department, and then was the brand manager for Bratz. I did that for a really long time. And then I had an existential crisis, which led me to my journey, which I now call on the Tech Yellowbrick Road. As you can see, this is the Yellowbrick Road. And it's a journey, not a destination. So first, we're going to talk about what do you need for your first game? First, you need a proof of concept and a first step prototype. Then you're going to learn about the elements and the mechanics of the game, what you need for the game and the rules. And you got to keep in mind, writing a journal and writing your game design experience down every day helps you think outside the box. And you got to start with why. So when I met Simon Sinek, he asked me what my purpose was and why. So I want to ask you, why do you want to make a game? And what's the purpose of the game? So think about that. And that should be your first journal in your game journal. Here's a little chart. So there's a couple of different things that you need. So step one is the high concept. Step two is the pitch. And if anybody's seen Shark Tank, you know what a pitch is. That's very similar, except this is game focused. Step three is the concept. Step four is the game design document. Step five is the prototype. So this could be starting with a paper prototype and then an actual digital prototype. And then step six is the production. OK, so what does your game need? Exactly. Well, like I said, starting with paper and pencil is super important. A whiteboard is always amazing. We'll write, once said, and we'll write as the creator of The Sims. A game design doc is a living memory of a document. So it's really important to have one. Start with an idea and a high concept, a brief description, the theme of the game and what the story is, the objectives and the goals, the victory conditions, how they're going to win or not lose, but come back and win again, the mechanics of the game, physical actions the player can take, the rules of the game are super important, and what kind of conflict does the player get into? What gets in the way? And most importantly, this is the most important part. How do you get hooked onto the game? So think about, how do you want your player to get hooked onto the game? And this is a great chart for that. So there's the player, the characters, the hook, the story, the larger story, the theme, the mood, and the motives. All right, so here's a couple of types of games. I'm sure you guys can tell on the top, there's the 2D versus 3D games. There's puzzle games, which I grew up with with Tetris and I literally would go to my Game Boy all day long. There's the RPG games, which are role-playing games that are Zelda and then platformer, which is Super Mario, one of my favorites. Okay, so another big thing that I'm really telling you guys to focus on, especially because I come from a research background, is doing research. So research helps with everything when you're starting to make a game and like you can just watch a movie or a cartoon or a magazine, like read a magazine, get some books and just turn on some music. That's a good place to start. Then when you get the magazine, maybe you want to cut out some pictures and kind of make a vision board and like this is what the game feels like to you. It's like a storyboard in a sense. This is where you need to be super creative, draw out your vision. You can even use pencils and colored pencils and markers. There's literally inspiration everywhere and the most important thing that Yoda says always, and I have a bracelet to remind me of that every day, is do or do not, there is no try. Okay, here's a great example of a game document, game design. So there's the title and the name, the theme and the log line, the goal of the gameplay, the mechanics, the rules, the victory conditions, think of design and map out tech, the use of programming, the art, the sound and the production and how much fun is it? Like on a scale of one to 10, like test it with your friends and see what they think. Here's a little bit more deep into the development process. So there's pre-production, which is planning and brainstorming for ideas. Like I mentioned, you're doing the vision board and you're cutting out magazines and stuff. Then you think about what are the characters in the story that will take place in your game? Then there's production when you have an idea of what your game is going to be about and then you're going to start creating it from scratch. And then there's research and testing, which we also have used quality assurance to get out bugs. So teams will play test games to find bugs and then bugs are usually accidental errors, but I think research as in market and consumer research, like getting five of your 10 of your friends together to test the game and see what they think in terms of like how many bugs does it have, but also is it fun and what do they think we should add or not add? Listen carefully. And then publishing nowadays it's really easy because you can publish in the Apple store, on Android, Steam or even Roblox. I heard a lot of people are doing stuff on Roblox and you just got to create buzz around your game. So think about how can you make it go viral? All right, so then you're going to create. So this is where writing comes in and like I said, writing and having a journal is amazing. So what's the journey the hero or the heroine is going to go on? Does the world have a history? What kind of art do you want to include? Are you going to draw a sketch of the characters and a world to start out with? And then maybe you're going to work with a designer. Then what kind of skills or powers are the characters going to have? What's the player using to overcome abilities and the enemies? What kind of programming are you going to include? And writing the rules of the game in a clear fashion is important. And then also the music and the sound is really cool. Like you can even record sound effects on your phone or with your voice. Like you can do anything now. There's so many opportunities. Okay, here's some example of some wireframes. If anybody guessed, this is YouTube, yes. So the X in the box is where the logo or the picture goes and then the lines are where the writing goes. And then here's a couple of examples of wireframes and prototypes. But designers use wireframes and prototypes all the time to make websites easy and fun before the coding even happens. And especially for games, it's a really good place to start. Okay, so here's an example of a wireframe that I made. Anybody want to guess what that is? All right, I think you might have guessed it right. That's Google. And it was very simple. I just took a piece of paper and I put an X in a box and that's where the Google logo goes. And then the search bar is where the search bar is and then the rest of the lines are just words. Now, I think you should definitely start maybe with like taking a wireframe and making an example for yourself with a pencil and paper, but also storyboards and prototypes. So these are some examples of storyboards and prototypes. And the biggest thing I found is starting out, even taking a piece of paper like this, if you guys can see what I did, I took a piece of paper and I kept folding it into halves and halves and halves and I got this. And so when I opened it, I can see like the storyboard. So like each of these will be a box for the storyboard similar to what you see here. And this is your paper and pencil storyboard to start out with for your game. All right, well, it's not always a straight line to the finish line. As you can see, I've been on the yellow brick road on the left and the red brick road, which kind of is like the hamster wheel. So you just got to keep moving forward. I have the opportunity to meet with Jordan Metchner. He's the creator of Prince of Persia, the games. And I asked him, what do you recommend when you are starting on a new game? And he asked me if I was a gardener and I said, really, okay, no, but okay. So he said, you got to plant the seeds, water them, give them sunlight, let them grow organically. And like I said, you got to move forward no matter what. There's always detours, there's always changes ahead, but you got to follow your path and never give up because you're closer than you think. Now I ask you, what do you want to do? But here's some advice. So follow your intuition is the biggest one. Do research, I still go to the library. It's the best resource. Google is literally at your fingertips on your phone, on your iPads, on your laptops. Don't be afraid to ask questions and this could be from anyone. Be curious, take chances, keep learning new coding languages, I'm still learning new coding languages even though I learned my first code which was Fortran back in the 80s. Play all kinds of games, social games, fun games, educational games, may the force be with you and be the change you want to see in the world. All right, so here's a list of resources. There's stencil.com, which you can make games without code. There's flowlab.io, which is a visual game creator again without code. So you don't need to know coding and be a pro yet. You can learn how to code and do this at the same time. There's twinary.org, which is an open source tool for writing interactive games and fiction, which is actually really cool and you can follow the paths that they lead. There's Discord, which is a platform designed for creating communities ranging from gamers to education and businesses. Discord specializes in text, image, video and audio communication between users in a chat channel. There's Slack, which is really good for team communication. And actually Slack started as a game initially but then turned into Slack because they pivoted. There's Google Docs, which is really good to post ideas with your team. And the biggest thing I found recently is Microsoft Teams has something very similar to Slack but it's got the phone and the video chat and the whiteboard, which is really cool. You can draw on it and it's all in one place. You don't need to go anywhere else. Okay, so I can't stress this enough. When you finish your game, so let's see. Now you have a white piece of paper prototype. You have a storyboard prototype like we did here. You have everything, all of the elements that are coming together, the visuals, the design, all of the creative stuff. You think about who you wanna work with on this project and then you gotta test it with your friends and family maybe even to see what they think, how they're doing with the game. And I would say at least play tests with 30 people. I think that's a good amount of numbers to see how they do and keep testing it. Like just because you tested it once doesn't mean it's gonna be done. Like it's super important to keep testing and follow up. So following up leads to being a great success. Thank you so much for the opportunity to share my game development tools with you and good luck. And I hope that you guys do really well and don't forget to sign up for the Code Games Challenge. Thank you Sherry. Thank you so much. Thank you again for having me. This is really fun. And I know we put in the chat, if you have questions, put it in the chat, Facebook, Twitch, and YouTube. And we did receive some questions before. So give me a second and I will get there. When it comes to beginning the design of your game, what are like, put it in a certain order, what's the first thing to do? Think the first thing to do would be research. Like I said, like watching movies and animated series or like music or cutting out like for the story board or the visualization board, like all of the boards that I talked about. I think that's the first thing cause you kind of want to get the feel for what your game is first before you start, before you start with the paper and pencil. Next question is, I'm new to this. But I kind of want to, they want to make a game like something that they play. They mentioned Fortnite. Is this something feasible for somebody who's new? You know, that's a great question. I think Fortnite is a little bit more of a complicated game. But I think you could start with the best place to start with something like Fortnite is this storyboard and putting all of the different things So storyboards are kind of like wireframes in a sense where every single box has the different like click that you go on. So the different game, when it moves to the next area, the next area, those are all different storyboards and different wireframes. So I think starting with that would be a good place to start because the big games like Fortnite, they are super advanced and you got to start like really small on those. The next question is kind of about wanting to create a whole video game. Should you create, try to create a whole video game or should you try to make something that's quick and easy to play? You know, that's a great question. Well, I learned after Angry Birds came out how they went through like, I think 500 different versions of that game and it was super hard and like they play tested it and didn't work out and they went back and forth, back and forth, back and forth. And so they finally made it work and I guess they researched it with enough people where they were like, okay, when they throw the rock at the birds, that's what worked. That's what's the hook of the game. So I think it's really important to have the research part of it down packed and when you get to that game and if you're new to something like this, it's like, you got to take it one step at a time. That's why I'm like really pushing the wireframes on the storyboard and literally every box is like one step at a time. Like don't overwhelm yourself thinking, oh my God, I need to make this big game and it's gonna be massively huge. And it's awesome, which is great. But I think literally like Rome wasn't built in a day. Like they build like one brick at a time, one step at a time. So start with that. It's super important. Okay. Thank you. And we have another question. Which coding languages do you think are important or relevant for a new younger coder? Like middle school, high school age? All right. So like I said, I was in third grade and I learned Fortran because I had a female computer science teacher here in LA, L-A-U-S-D. But now that's a little outdated. So I start and at Whiskills Academy, we teach HTML and CSS and then JavaScript. So those are the three I would do in that order because HTML is the text and CSS is the design and JavaScript adds interactivity. And once you're done learning those three languages, you can learn so much more like HTML5, adds more interactivity and then there's Python and Perl, there's so many different languages. But then when you know those, you can easily learn Unity, which works very closely with all of them as well, which is the game engine. Thank you. Thank you. You mentioned Unity. Is that something that we can make our games in for the Code Games Challenge? You can. So there's actually two game engines right now. There's Unity and Unreal. Unity is a little bit more, I think, better for younger and new people to game design. Unreal is a little bit more advanced. So it just depends on like if you put a team together and what are the experiences that your team has had, but I would start with, and I know you guys have a list of other potential resources that they can use to make games. So I'd say I like Unity, but I would say also look at that list because there may be others that you wanna refer to. Let's see. I know you shared the wireframe. Is there a place where they can go to get a template or to download the wireframe or the storyboard? So it's literally like what I showed you. I mean, it's a little bit tricky. I mean, you could Google a wireframe and see what comes up, but just literally just take a piece of paper and I don't know maybe if we can go back to that slide. I can show you like it's really easy. It's like it's the X in the box, which is the logo and then there's the lines which are the words and that's like a wireframe. But then the storyboard is a little bit more advanced because it's literally frame by frame and all of the pictures have very specific things of what the game does. It's like the path of what the game does. So I would start number one with the wireframe and then get to the storyboard and then you can get to the prototype after that. Okay, but if you Google it, you'd be able to find a template of a wireframe or a template with storyboard. You might, I'm not sure. I mean, this is what we use in our curriculum. So I haven't actually done that, but you never know. Like I said, Google is your friend at this point. Like anything you're not sure of, use Google or you can reach out to me. Like I said, my info is up on here. I'm happy to help. I really like games that are about like space or exploring new worlds. Is that a game as a newcomer that's easy to create? That's a great question. Well, there's all kinds of games. That would technically be an adventure game I think unless you wanna add something else. Like what are they doing in space? Are you exploring? Think about it. Is it a role-playing game? Are there characters in space? Like think about all the different ways that you can spin the space game. There's a really interesting company that did a couple of games that were all about like art and exploration. So it wasn't really a game with a character. It was just kind of flowing through art. And it was actually called Flow. One of my friends started that company and they were partnering with Sony for a while. So you might wanna check out Flow, the game and see what you find. Because it's not a typical game. So there's so many different genres of games obviously. Like we went through some of them. But like right now, eSports is really big. Obviously Fortnite and all the stuff that's happening with Epic right now is really big. League of Legends has been big for a while. There's so many different genres of games. I mean, for a while, Farmville was really big. And then there was the other farm game which is not coming to my mind right now that Nintendo does. There's so many different types of games. So don't limit yourself to something. So like the space one sounds really, really cool. And I would say, think about like how you wanna make that game. Is it just an exploration or is it more? Like is there adventure? Are they going into different planets from space? Like what's happening? Think about that. And research again, all that stuff. Cause again, Google is your friend. There's a ton of books I'm sure on space and Express has done a lot of stuff with space as well. So it's a good place to start. We have another question. I'm in high school and looking at gaming as a career. What's the difference between a game developer and a game designer? So the developer starts everything from scratch and actually develops the game. Like I showed you, like the prototype and all that stuff. The designer adds the elements of design. So there's the art, there's so many different things that comes with design. So each one has their own separate career, but there's also so many more careers in gaming that you never thought of. There's like the Q and A, there's like the coders, there's the engineers, there's the graphic designers, there's like, there's so many lists of games. If you just Google like game design or game development careers or careers in the gaming industry, you'll see so many different careers in the gaming industry. The next one is about just testing. Once you have started designing, you have to gather, it moves for a little bit. What is there, what do you do to test it or like to find bugs so you can correct it? So I recommend, like I said, starting with the research, market research testing and consumer testing and seeing how they do and then looking for bugs in the middle of it and seeing if there's any issues that come up in the game, like maybe one character freezes or like the music doesn't go together with it. There's so many different bugs that could be, there's bugs that could be in the code, there's bugs, there's so many different bugs that could be in a game, you never know. So when we actually first tested our first like alpha version of mind games that we're creating at Playworks, we had an issue of download time. So that was a big issue and technically a bug. So there's so many different bugs that you can find when you're testing your games. So make sure, because when you want to launch it on the Apple store or on Roblox or wherever, you got to make sure the game is fully working in 100% capacity because that's how you make it work. This one is from a young lady. She's interested in gaming coding but she finds that she's one of the only, one of two in the classes of the programs. As a woman, do you have advice for her as she's not finding representation in her classes or programs? This is a great question, I get it all the time.  But I can see that, like I can see going to Game Developers Conference initially when I first started back in the day, there was not that much women in the industry, but the fact that you're really interested is really important. So I think keep going and don't get discouraged because there's not a lot of women. I think once you see that this is your passion and this is something you're really interested in, you can get other friends to get into it as well. But because I think part of the issue is nobody's ever thought that it was like really cool or nobody even knew that game design was a career, right? And especially as women, like for me, I was wanting to be like Tom Hanks in the movie big and that was a guy, but I didn't really look at him and the gender didn't really care, I didn't care for that, like it didn't matter to me. It was like, I want to be a toy tester, right? And then now when I kind of had my reinvention, but went back to my roots because I grew up as a gamer, it was, well, I don't care that there's not a lot of women in the gaming industry, although when I started there was way less. Now there's way more. So like I said, just keep moving forward and don't get discouraged and you can get your friends interested as well. Just make it fun. And I think that's part of the thing. Like it's so much fun. Like I go back to my gaming roots and the thing is like I'm an 80-style gamer, so it's a little bit different, but I think it's, I go back to, it's like a nostalgic thing for me. And I always look for that. So I think keep moving forward and reach out to me if you have any questions and I'm happy to help. Okay, this one's kind of similar to that question. It's like, where do I meet more girl gamers? So I know there's a lot of meetups for older people. It depends on your age range, but there's a lot, there's like girl gamer groups, there's I'm sure like on a different social media, like between Instagram and Facebook. There's a lot of groups. There's even a meetup which I'm aware of, which is girl gamer. It just depends like, are you in high school? Maybe at your high school, you wanna start a girl gamer group? Like I know whenever I started something and there wasn't something, I would just start it. Like there's nothing wrong with that. Take initiative. Like I said, you can attract more of your friends into it and make it fun and make it like, I mean now that we're in this kind of new age, like make it like a Zoom like meetup where everybody kind of brings their favorite like drink or like favorite lemonade or whatever, whatever you wanna do to like have like a hangout like via Zoom or whatever online. Make it just a fun experience and I think you'll attract more people. Okay, thank you. Thank you. Okay, this next question is kind of general about the Code Games Challenge. They were wanting just pretty much to know, this is cool, how do I take the first step of like getting involved? And I can kind of help with that question, Cherine. Thank you for being interested in getting involved. You can go to codegameschallenge.org. That's where you can register. Please know you'll need, if you're under the age of 18, you'll need a parent or guardian to be able to register for you and get you plugged in. We are just under a month away from the deadline to submit your game. That deadline is October the 14th. We're looking for youth across the globe, ages 10 to 18 to create video games and it can be about anything you'd like. You only have to make five minutes of a playable game and we even have a written game track. So if you don't have access to consistent internet or a bit overwhelmed by the task of being a novice and learning from scratch, how to create the five minute playable video game, you can turn in a written game design. And the wireframe and the storyboard that Cherine showed is a really great part of what you can put together in the written portion. You can type up things. You can include graphics, drawings that illustrate what someone would have to do in your video game. So I think it's a very important thing to note. There's really great cash prizes. There's about 30 prizes that range from $1,000 to $2,000 USD. So that's really exciting. Another reason for if you are under the age of 18 to get your parent or guardian involved because when you win, they'll need to be the one to receive that money on your behalf. We're really excited for the opportunity to have you have an opportunity during this weird time of COVID-19 to learn a new scale, to do something really fun. You can do it individually or you can also create a team of up to four people. So it can be you and your siblings or classmates or people that you're in programs with or even people you don't know. You can come together to create a team and create a game because like Sherene said, there's lots of opportunities when it comes to creating a video game and you don't have to know how to do everything. Maybe you're really good at the storyboarding and the story and maybe someone else is really good at the coding. Maybe someone else thinks they love music so they think of all the sound effects or all those things that you can put into a game. It takes a lot of people to create those big games like Fortnite and Minecraft. So you can create your own team of four or less people who have really great skills in different areas who can create a really, really great video game. So once again, the website is codegameschallenge.org. You can go there, sign up and getting them running to be a part of this challenge because it's really great. We have some great resources on our website but we also are having webinars. We had one back in July, this is our second one. Another will be coming up in October. So it's a really great way that we're able to kind of move you through the process to get into a place where you know, you come up with a new skill this summer and you can say one thing I did during COVID-19 is I designed a video game. I stepped out of my comfort zone. I decided to learn a new skill and this is new skill that can be a new career path for you. Who knows, you can make the next Fortnite. So I think it's very exciting. So once again, the website is codegameschallenge.org and the submission deadline is October 14th. So let me double check if there's any other questions. Yeah, it looks like that's it for the questions. So thank you so much, so much. Thank you so much for coming. Thank you so much for joining. We appreciate you. If you have questions about the competition in general, you can contact us at XPConnect at XPrize.org. If you are in the Code Games website and you're in there doing your submission and you may be having questions or needing answers, you can actually contact our support. The support email is support at codegameschallenge.org. So just giving you a little note there and that is it for us from the team from XPrize and Eli Media in regards to the Code Games Challenge. Thank you guys so much for coming to our second webinar. Stay tuned for details on our next one coming up in October. Thank you so much, guys. Be safe and have a good day. Bye-bye. Thank you all. Good luck.


Just when I didn't think it was possible for Joe Biden to look any more out of touch than he already is He goes ahead and fires multiple people who work for the White House Because they were transparent about the fact that they once smoked pot It's not like they smoked pot on the job while they were working at the White House or even that day Because they told the truth and they were transparent about the fact that they once smoked pot they were fired and the only Response that the White House is able to give in terms of how they're defending themselves is that well, you know the media is kind of Sensationalizing the story because you're saying it's dozens of people that were fired. Actually, we only fired like a handful of people So it's not that bad It's still bad So as Jennifer Adams of the Daily Beast reports White House Press Secretary Jen Psaki has confirmed that five White House staffers have been fired for Disclosures of past marijuana use on Thursday The Daily Beast reported that dozens of young staffers for the new Biden administration had been suspended asked to resign or Placed in a remote work program due to prior pot use in a tweet posted Friday morning Saki said the White House was working on an updated policy to ensure that past marijuana use wouldn't automatically Disqualify staff from serving in the White House. She added as a result more people will serve Who would not have in the past with the same level of recent drug use? The bottom line is this of the hundreds of people hired only five people who had started working at the White House are no longer Employed as a result of this policy. Okay, but the number of people fired for using pot Should be zero. It's not a defense to say well, we only fired five. It should be zero and This doesn't just make Joe Biden look out of touch. It makes him look like a stupid person to be concerned with this I mean, this is the author of the crime bill that led to mass incarceration or at least exacerbated mass incarceration to be fair so if he's actually sorry like he said he was and he wasn't just saying that to help him with the election then this should be The bare minimum at least not be outraged at the thought that some of your staffers had once smoked pot and He doesn't realize that he's incentivizing people to lie So What do you want them to do you want them to tell the truth because if they tell the truth then you're gonna penalize them for it and Second of all, this is a little bit awkward because now if you're gonna be consistent here You have to let go of your VP because Kamala Harris admitted that she once smoked pot as did Joe Biden's former boss Brock Obama aka rap rock as did Obama's wife Michelle Obama as did former president Bill Clinton Although he says that he didn't inhale so I guess that that doesn't count technically I mean in 2021 why are we still pretending as if something that someone does in the privacy of their own home that doesn't affect anyone else Should be something that they get penalized for if somebody wants to have a drink when they get home from work to unwind or a blunt That's none of Joe Biden's business that doesn't make them not qualified to serve in the White House And what's interesting is that this has been an issue for Joe Biden that he has long refused to budge on even during the Biden Sanders Unity task forces there were a couple of issues that he refused to negotiate with Progressive's on and Pot legalization was one of them and the reason why he wouldn't budge was because according to him if he supported the legalization of pot That would make him less popular Actually when we all know in reality that would make him more popular But he genuinely believed that would have hurt his electoral chances The president's team and I think probably mr. Biden himself, although we did not talk to him directly Was potentially concerned about the political effects that it might have with their own Constituency and maybe costing them some votes and key Battleground states rather than actually winning them votes as we believe would occur and and mobilizing a hell of a lot of people around the issue That was the exact conversation if you want to be real We were armed with polling data that suggested that a majority of Americans were in favor of the legalization of marijuana, but vice president Biden at the time Was really concerned About how this issue could have impacted the outcome of the election. It would not have cost him votes It would have made him more popular and if he was curious he could have just done a quick Google search I mean, it's not that difficult if you look at public opinion polls back in 2019 Two-thirds of Americans supported pot legalization and yes that included a majority of Republicans and by November of 2020 According to Gallup that support actually grew it was only by a point, but nonetheless it still grew now either He doesn't know about these polls He doesn't know what polling data is or knows that these polls have been conducted or he doesn't believe them He thinks that no, there's no way. I know that pot is bad So there's no way that the American people actually wanted to be legalized and like if you really got down to it Jen Psaki definitely smoked weed in the past probably still doesn't does it regularly Joe Biden I'm sure that when he was a young man smoked pot. It's not a big deal. It should be legal It's already legal in more than a dozen states and in DC. So the fact that this is even a debate Shows you how out-of-touch politicians are because among the American population. This isn't a debatable issue It's just not debatable. It's only controversial for politicians like Joe Biden with antiquated views and outdated ways of thinking about the world So this is absolutely a scandalous and the fact that it happened at all Should outrage everyone. What are you you're firing people because they admitted to smoking pot?  This isn't something that serious people care about Joe Biden


The Railroad Hour and here comes our star-shuttered show train. Tonight, the Association of American Railroads presents the world-famous operetta, Robin Hood, starring Gordon McRae and his guest, Dorothy Kirsten. Our choir is out of the direction of Norman Muboff and the music is prepared and conducted by Carmen Ragan. Yes, tonight another great musical success is brought to you by the American Railroad.  And now here is our star, Gordon McRae. Thank you, Marvin Miller, and good evening, ladies and gentlemen. We're happy to welcome back as a guest on the Railroad Hour, the charming metropolitan officer, Prano, Dorothy Kirsten, who appears tonight as Maid Marion in Reginald de Covent's most famous operetta, Robin Hood. My real name was Robert Earl of Huntington, but when I joined the band of outlaws in Sherwood Forest, I took the name of Robin Hood. The sheriff of Nottingham, who was the guardian of my estate and the lifelong enemy, seized my title and lands in the day I came of age, declaring that I was an imposter, and that the real Earl of Huntington was a follower of his named Guy of Gisborne. There was only one man in England powerful enough to help me, the king, and he was drawn to the crusade. And so I decided to join the outlaws until they returned in an attempt to write some of the wrongs imposed upon the poor by the powerful sheriff of Nottingham.  What honors are you laughing at, Friar Son? Is it the expression on that fellow's face when we held up the crusade, coach, and took his verses after no one else? Well, that was one of the richest men in all England, and one of the sweetest. You need fair no pity for him. When I think of his face, that is a good way to live, Robin. Take from the rich and give to the poor.  We must celebrate. You're right, Alan. A thank you to be all around, landlord. The best in the house. Oh, my days, I'll sing the praise of the ground. It's a some time, laughing and joking among ourselves, when suddenly there was a shuffle on one side of the cabin. And you're having a day off with the land I've never seen before in front of it.  There's Robin Hood. Now, if you have any more questions, ask him to his face, not behind his back. Well, well, what's this all about? This point, Friar Shripling, has called himself a Cavalier, but asking too many questions, Robin. I am a Cavalier. A Cavalier, eh? And what do you do in the Cavalier? I do as all Cavaliers. You, I snouse, I fight. I make mouth to pretty girls. A Cavalier makes the mouth to pretty girls of the year. Well, I'm doing it again. Friar, what are you doing in Sherwood Park?  Well, my affairs are no concern of yours. Well, I was only trying to be helpful. I don't need any help, thank you. I came to Sherwood Park to search for Robin Hood, early hunting. Sure do, ma'am. And why did you come here and search for the Earl? Because I was told that he was where I was trying to. I'm sure I have told him.  Can you point out the Earl to me? I can, if you'll give me a mirror. Mirror? Oh, this is the exact thing. Bold and clever. Well, what is your business with me?  Hmm, sure.  I have the same command with me. He signed it before he left on a cruise day. Here, please sign it. How do you happen to come by this parking lot? My name is Peter P. Oh? Who is your name? The Native American. It has seen that the king has selected for you. Well, now understand this. Sir Robert Earl of Hunting is not the man to marry the first girl who was offered to him. I am rather the figure. How are you indeed? Yes, you may as well understand that my relationship is not good. He needs to marry the first man who was offered to him. He is the student I see here. You have a good memory about her too. Could you bring a license cover with you? No. But if you want to know what you look like, you might have to ask me. Is my husband. And we are said to stay very close to him. Well, then I'm afraid you must tell your cousin that I'm not ready to marry, and that I must therefore respectfully refuse her. You refuse her? You refuse her? Oh, no, you don't, my fine fellow.  I failed to see anything particularly amusing about what I have just said.  Thank you. You're encountered. But I, I, I... Tell me more, Lady Mary. I told her I was the Lady Mary in the page. I came as a pebble in, I, I... I... I know you, just know you. Hello? No. Oh, well, if I'm caught, I'm caught. Now tell me. Why did you come to share with me, Lady Mary? Well, you see, what's the money of man I'm commanded to marry? I took the place of the page to deliver the king's order to the sheriff of Nottingham. The sheriff is just sobering as my husband. Well, then you'd better watch your fortune well, Lady Mary. Because the sheriff has used mine and declared Guy of Gisborne to be the rightful Earl of Nottingham. Well, if the king's order is for you to be coming home to the sheriff of Nottingham, he would now need to fly to Gisborne. You'll marry no one but me. Please, please, sir. Why, only a few moments ago, pass me up to the Gisborne. You think I'm not that serious, you? Why, who do you suppose it was to beg the king for the hand of the Lady Mary? You. I saw you at the corn once a long time ago. And when I saw you, I said, there is my lady.  I knew that someday we would meet, and I would try to win you for my own. You return to your castle and wait until I can redeem my name and my fortune and come for you. Oh, yes, darling. This charming guest, Dorothy Kirsten, returns to her castle, and I remain to be outlawed in Sherwood Forest. One day, as we were riding through the woods, Allendale hurried up in great excitement and told us to stand at Tinkers and enter the forest. Since Sherwood Forest seemed a strange place for Tinkers, we made our way selfily to a spot where we could watch them at work. We understand our gentlemen's lives that we can find.  We want to get a Tink's bank. The Tinkers are robbing, but not Tinkers, Alan. Those men are all followers of the Sheriff of Manningham. And there's the Sheriff himself sitting in the middle of the group. And what do you suppose they are? Oh, shh, listen. Now, men, remember the prize. One hundred pounds to any one of you who can deliver the outlaw robbing hood to me for hanging. Somewhere in this forest, in the skies before gentlemen Tinkers, we should have little trouble in making our way to him. We'll pack this regabond robbing and hang him to the highest gallows in merry England. Shall we be on our way, my friend, at once and with all possible speed? And so the Sheriff of Manningham and his fellow Tinkers hunted in vain through Sherwood Forest and at last gave up into Scotland and went home. I thought I'd gotten the best of the Sheriff. But a few weeks later, Alan Adeo came once again with me. Tink shot me at the edge of the forest. She told me that the Sheriff of Manningham was forcing Lady Marion. The merry guy of Gifford had that she wanted you to come to her at once. I'll go immediately. Careful, Robin. There's maybe some kind of crab. I'll have to chance it. I left the forest and rode as fast as possible toward Lady Marion to stay. I found her alone in the garden. I stood there smellbound, listening to the sound of her voice. I came as soon as I got your message. We meet at last, Robin Hood. I am Robert Earl of Huntington, as you know full well. No, no, no, no, no, no. You're Robin Hood the Outlaw. And tomorrow at dawn I'm going to hang you from the tallest gallows in England. I'd be looking forward to it for months.  The Sheriff and his followers carried me off to prison. And there they pulled the doors and left me. And in the morning when they came to get me... When they came to get me... Hey, Robin Hood. I'm Briar Chuck. And if you'll excuse me, now that you've so kindly unlocked the door, I'll be on my way. Well, now, now, just a minute. Let me pass, Sheriff of Nottingham. I'm a Briar of the church. A holy man who's no power to stop me. But where is Robin Hood? Far from here by now. Where you'll never find him. Just ahead. We're safe, my darling. And if you'll let him, we'll be with the King. You know, I would like to have seen the Sheriff of Nottingham's face when he opened the door to that cell and saw Briar Chuck. How did you ever manage it? That was Briar Chuck's idea. The Outlaws were watching when the Sheriff took me. And after he left, they overpowered the guards. Briar Chuck took my place, and off we went. It really wasn't necessary for the Briar to stay, but he wanted to see the Sheriff's face himself. There's the Captain. And now our life together begins. Robin Hood, the Outlaw, is no more. And Robert Earl of Huntington shall take you back to the tribe. And just a moment. Our thanks to the supporting cast. Lou Marrow, who played Briar Chuck, Roland Morris as Alan Adele, and Marvin Miller as the Sheriff. Robin Hood was booked in Lyric by Harry B. Smith, and music by Redmond DeCoven was dramatized for the railroad hour by Dean Holloway. And now here is lovely Dorothy Kidston. Dorothy, it was wonderful as always singing with you. And I'm looking forward to doing the Princess Pat with you and Lucille Norman next week. I'm looking forward to it too, Gordon. And we've finally talked this summer through, don't we? Yes, Dorothy. And we're really planning something special. Good summer summer show train to Year's Pass, where we'll live again some of the laughter, the tears, the memories, and the music from the turn of the country to the present day. It sounds wonderful, Gordon. And I'll certainly be listening to you next week. Good night, Dorothy. Good night, Gordon. That is my special arrangement with the Pam Slipmark Music Library. Gordon Macrae is currently starring in the Water Brothers Technicolor musical hits The Daughter of Rosie O'Grady. Dorothy Kidston appears through the courtesy of Lucky Strike Light-Up Time. Our choir is under the direction of Norman Luboff and our music prepared and conducted by Common Dragon. This is Marvin Miller saying goodbye until next week for the American Railroad. And I'll teach you for your Monday night of music on NBC.