If you want to stick around, we'll do a little Q&A. I'll answer all your questions to the best of my abilities, and we'll go from there. All right, what do we got? Ah, yes, Cazen. Cazen. He's a real Mr. Burns. Red Panda's here. Perfect. Great. Richard Reynolds, yeah, it's a little bit difficult. Oh, so I know there was a problem with the audio. Sorry about that. I think I know what happened. Let me see if I can fix that. Let's see. Yeah, yeah, yeah. I want to try something. Tell me if this would have been better, because I don't usually move things around as far as the video files. I do it usually in one or two ways. This is a third way I tried it just to see if it would work. Didn't really work too great. Tell me if this audio is better. Stephen Rust, again, coming back on the show, I want to say this is, I think, our third or fourth visit I can't remember, but welcome back to the show, man. Yeah, thank you for having me. I think this is going to be our fourth one this time. So it's great.  Thanks for having me.  So what I want to talk to you about today. OK, just making sure. Yeah, so what it was is there's just a way to connect different things, and I thought I could do it connected right through the microphone itself, but you have to connect it to the sound card, which makes it perfect. So, hey, what are you going to do? All right. What else for questions? Jean, Jean-Louise, hey, Rob and Echio was from the Bitcoin Amsterdam event. No, not yet, but when we do NFA Live next week, we will be on Guy's channel. I know him and Jessica over there right now. So I'd love to get his input. We'll figure out what's going on and the actual consensus and where the investors' heads are at these days. I'd love to hear it from Guy, and we'll get to that next Thursday. Here we go again with this. Rob, is it rumored that you're fighting James from Invest Answers in George Crypto's Influenced Fight League? True. No. So this is dumb, but George is going to do a crypto influencer fight league. Have fun. So there's two things. First of all, when Rome was falling, what Rome did was they made a spectacle of things. And of course, they had the gladiator fights and things like that. I have nothing against QOC fighting and things, and that would be whatever. But I think George can do whatever he wants to do. The second thing is, why would I fight my friends? So even in fight camps, we watch the UFC, people that like each other and train together and are in the same, I guess, circles do not fight.  I'm not fighting anybody. I'm not fighting Ben or James or anybody I know. I have no ambition to fight. I'm an older person. I just don't care about this. So please stop asking me. It's annoying. All right. Yeah, all right. So this is the thing. If you don't think we're in Roman times, this is it. Taking notes, yeah, Friday the 13th of the day. On top of that, there was a lot of different issues going on from the, well, this is a geopolitical issue, so I'll say out of it. Let's see. John asks, Rob, what's your favorite? Korean, Puerto Rican, or Texas barbecue? Texas. Korean's good. Puerto Rico's got one good place, taste of smoke. Yeah, that's dumb. Every stream has problems with sound, and guess the software must not be centralized, I guess. Every stream of mine has problems with sound. Let me put it to a vote.  How many problems people have problems with the audio is the audio bad? Can you hear it? Can you hear me? Is it degrading? Or is it up to par? If you're an audio file, I'd like to hear. Because I'm here for you, Havenpeck. High-pitched ringing. Does anybody else have a high-pitched ringing? Havenpeck, if every stream has a problem with audio, maybe it's not the streamers. I'm just gonna guess. Sound is okay, usually good. Sounds fine, sounds good now. No issues with the audio. Audio good. Audio fine. No audio, no audio. Usually great. I think it just comes out of this, is that certain individuals are real audio files and maybe they have really super good headphones on. And it sounds like some of that. Or maybe they're, who knows, maybe they have an older computer and the audio doesn't sound too great. And I don't know. I don't know what to tell you. But man, I gotta tell you, some days, some days. Hello, Ronnie. Yeah, thank you, traveler. Thanks for making content in the bear and early as bulls now. It's highly appreciated. Yep, yeah, you never know. Petition for Rob's not logistic, I could take over DNews. She might, who knows? You know, at some point I'm gonna step down from this channel. And it's gonna happen at the height of the bull run. Because everything that goes wonky happens at the height of the bull run.  And then people will talk about it. And then they'll say how great it is because they get ahead of themselves. That happened to me. And then you have to backtrack and it's a big pain. So I'm just gonna keep it very simple. Have my rules bow out when I'm supposed to bow out. And then when everything collapses, which it will collapse again, I'll come back in the bear, which is what nobody does. But I don't care. Yeah, that's it. Satoshi has returned, that'd be great. Did he move anything out of his wallets? I'm not gonna cash out to probably be about 80%, you know? But then watch in the next bull run, we're here the same thing in 2021, which is everything's gonna keep going up because it's the hardest asset ever and it's digital gold and it's a great hedge against inflation and it'll never go down. And then in 2017, they said, but you have to get on to it because it's the future. It's a hedge against inflation. It's digital gold now and it'll never go down. So it'll just, it just keeps repeating. At some point, the technology will catch up and I think it'll be due really well, but I'm not for sure it's gonna be this next bull run. Cash out of all coins, keep your Bitcoin. No, I'm gonna sell some of that too. So what I will do though is there's two videos that I'll probably be playing on loop once a week. One is why I decided to sell my crypto at 80% for different indicators and the second one will be, it's a, and both of these videos are right now in the description. You can find them and they say, let me just pull it up, actually, right here. Why and when I'm selling 80% of my cryptos and then they don't make these crypto mistakes, those two videos, I'll probably play those on loop. And the one about the crypto mistakes, it just talks about getting over yourself and not getting ahead of the bull run itself and just remembering that nothing goes up forever, nothing of course goes down forever and so on and so forth. Yeah, did Fink mention Flair? I don't believe he did. Hello, Ronnie. Yes, Cal. What do you say? I don't see any news about, is this clickbait? Yes, it was. I didn't talk anything about Larry Fink or nothing he said, it was clickbait, please leave. Pump it up, let's see. It's a great question. The ally says, where do we put all the money when we sell? These are good questions because the money that we have is if we leave it in cash, cash, what happens? Well, it inflates away as we just listened to Stephen Rust. And of course, if we put it into equities, what happens there? Stocks, all we can depreciate because it is the market itself. One of the things that we should probably look at, and I'm not a financial advisor, I can't tell you what to do. If you wanna have massive debt at high interest rates, that's up to you, it's fine. Maybe the first thing, pay off those debts. Maybe, I don't know. I don't know what your situation is. Some people like debt. Some people, they thrive in debt. Some people take on debt at a very low interest rate and they use it for something else in their businesses and they extrapolate that money and make more money. So they may have a debt or a loan out that's very low at two, three percent because they got it years ago. And then they put that in their business and their business generates 14% year over year annual growth. So why would you pay that off? And you can pay it off slowly if it's just a low debt. That's what I'm trying to say. So with the money that you make, maybe you should look into sitting on it for a bit. Maybe you look into other options that you have. Maybe you put it into yourself. Maybe you put it into your business. Maybe you put it into other hard assets or precious metals or maybe land or maybe real estate. I know Michael Saylor will say that dumb because Bitcoin is the highest, is the best hardest asset ever. There's no second best, right? Well, I can guarantee you one thing. I can guarantee that Michael Saylor does not sit in a house made of ledgers and cold storage devices.    He's probably got other things. I don't know what you should do with it as far as money goes. It's up to you. But I will tell you that when you're in the game of investing, as points go on, it's just a constant game essentially of putting in cash, sitting on cash, waiting for opportunities, putting them in assets, selling those assets, getting cash back and moving around. That's it. Overkill says buy gold, it never goes up or down. Yeah. Real estate's great. I like real estate. It's a headache though, just so you know, it's a headache. Like one of our condos in Puerto Rico just has a massive water leak. How much is that gonna cost? Probably about $12,000 to fix. And what happens then? Well, hopefully it fixes all the way but you also have other problems that you have with the water leaks and you have to pay for that. So, and then of course there's tenants and of course there's taxes and of course there's managements and all that stuff. So I mean, real estate sounds good at first. But it's a real hassle. It's like some days, some days you just gotta work. Hey Marty, I like your profile pic. That's pretty good. Rusty Boss is investing your kids. Yeah, investing your children. Although, yeah, investing your kids.  This is me and my wife's theory. We can wait till we die and give the kids the money but what's that gonna do for them? Especially if I live to 90, which I won't. Or my wife lives a long time. It's not gonna do much for them. Probably helping out now, right? So, yeah. Alfonso, do you live out of the US? Nope, I live in Puerto Rico on a vacation in Texas. That's my cat, Roxy. Shallan says, I don't understand why real estate goes up. Things fail, it need to be fixed. Sounds like a liability more than an asset. Land is different though. Land is a great bet. And especially if you can go to the county development office and just talk to those people and take a look at some documents maybe and see which way the city is moving. Or just talk to real estate developers. And just, it's amazing what you can find out. Shruth Underground says, buying every Mondays for a year till 25, you will thank me. That could be true actually. Invest in repairing the world like meme does. Roxy runs a non-profit organization called Protechos where it's a non-profit that builds roofs for the underserved and critically poor people of Puerto Rico. Something like that. Have a purpose, right? Like Alfonso Washington said, be useful. Do you have a bunker just in case? I don't. Probably should look into one. I think at that point, we're all gonna go down anyhow. Real estate's a hassle. True, land is great but it doesn't pay monthly. But when you sell it, it does pay off quite nicely. Especially if you have a bunch of land where Amazon is looking to build. That's a good one. Alfonso says, do you consider moving out of the US in the future? Not right now, but never say never. Yeah, positivity. Oh yeah, that's right. And it actually, it's on the job training. I forgot about that. Pablo, hello from Puerto Rico. Pablo, I wanna get back to Puerto Rico. We'll be doing meetups in Santorce for a place called Taste the Smoke. Good place to be.  Not a bad deal. And guys, I think that's it. That's it for today. So look, I gotta get out of here. I know I'm late for some other, I have a meeting and I'll see how that goes. But that's it for today. So thanks so much everybody for stopping by. I appreciate it. Like today's video, give it a thumbs up. Consider subscribing. Everything we talk about is time sensitive. But I do appreciate you stopping by. Thank you so much and I'll see you on the next one.


All right. Hello everyone and good evening. My name is Jill Klees and I am the iSchool Career Center Liaison. And I do thank you all very much for joining me tonight. I'm really looking forward to talking to you about the value of internship. So please do ask me questions throughout the workshop. Go ahead and type them in the chat box at any time. I'll keep checking it and make sure that I can get back to you. I like to keep my workshops informal and interactive. So please do ask your questions and, you know, even kind of whatever your, it is you're thinking about internships or other types of experience. This is just a great venue to be able to pose your questions to me. So feel free to pop them in there. The session is being recorded and it can be found afterwards on the career, under the career development site, but there's a section called career webcasts and past recordings. And that's where you can find the links to all of the career development workshops. And just for you, your own information, I am available via email and phone to work with you on your career related questions. I can help critique your resumes. We can set up mock interviewing sessions or I can work with you kind of on whatever you need that has a focus on your career and job search. So always keep that in mind. And I do recommend that you check out the resources on the career development site first or really become familiar with those. And if you can't find what you're looking for, then by all means feel free to contact me. So hi, Oat Sinead, I see she's on, my co-moderator there. So that's good news. All right, so moving on here. So let's just talk about the elephant in the room and get it out of the way. The it, that elephant in the room, that it, is that it is really not enough for all of you to complete your MLIS, to graduate and get your degree and then think that you're now qualified to get an LIS related job. While all of those things are super-duper important, so I'm not saying they're not, they are a huge accomplishment. But honestly, an employer is not going to be impressed with just the fact that you have of the degree and that you finish the program. What an employer will be impressed with though is the fact that you have completed your MLIS degree and you have related experience. And that is why we're all here tonight. So why do you need experience? You really need to be able to demonstrate what you know.   It's a great way to take the theoretical classroom knowledge and then apply it so that you can get practical hands-on experience because that's what you need and that's what you're going to use to talk about in interviews and talk about with employers. And then finally, you want to be able to add value to your degree. So as I said, just having the degree, just finishing it, is not enough. You want to add value to it. You want to be able to demonstrate to someone what you learned in your program. So we want to be able to back that up with skills and experience. And one of the best ways to do that is to get an internship while you're still a student. So if we talked about kind of what is an internship, it's kind of a broad statement. It can be a broad statement. It can be paid or it can be unpaid. But typically it's structured. It's going to be supervised and it's going to have well-defined learning outcomes. Usually it has a start date and an end date and that puts out some of that structure in there as well. And it provides professional work experience for you outside of the classroom. So an internship, and make note of this because there's a lot of confusion on this point, an internship is for current students. And it's really important for you to recognize that. I've worked with many recent grads from the MLIS program who thought that they could get their experience after they graduated. And that was the plan in their mind. They were going to take all their classes, focus on the classwork, and then once they graduated, they thought that they'd be able to go back and apply for internships. And unfortunately that really is not true. You might find a couple examples where that does work, but that's, you've got to seek those out. For the most part, internships are designed for current students. So that's something as a student now you want to have on your mind and figure out where you're going to fit that into your plan. So if you look at internship job descriptions, for example, they usually say they want a currently enrolled student. So where are people, where are all of you in your MLIS program? So let's see how many people are new to the program. Just do a raise your hand out of curiosity here. So we've got just two people brand new, three people are brand new to the program. We've got about five years, we've got a half way, we've got one year in. Are there people who are close to graduating? In your field work, anybody like this is it and you're going to be graduating? I'm in the MARA program, four courses left. So Denise, for example, have you done an internship? Elizabeth's got pretty soon. Shanae's next semester. I know Shanae's been doing experience though and you're working. You got one year in there. No. Denise, is it? Is it on your radar to do an internship? You've got a December grad. Yeah, Shanae, you're doing this. That's good. Lizette, you've done too. That's awesome. Okay, good. I'm glad you're planning on it because it's super important. Hopefully, graduating in the spring and you're in December. Okay. So I want you to be able to, yeah, it's so good. So like Shanae, for example, who's our collaborate assistant who's on tonight? She works a full-time job, but she's doing, she's a collaborate assistant here and she was a peer mentor. Those things count as well. So I'm going to talk about the different types of experience that you can get because they don't always have to be considered or called an internship. But I want to get the point across that it is super important for you all to do something that's related to get relevant experience and have that on your resume. And if you could do more than one thing, if you could do a couple things, that's even better. So I'd say your goal is to do at least one internship. If you could do more, I highly recommend it. But diversifying your experience and building your resume while you're a student is really key to your success in your post-MLIS job search. I work with a lot of students and then I work with a lot of students who are getting ready to graduate and then I work with alums and the alums who come back to needing work typically, the ones that are the hardest are those who did not make good use of being a student and get the diverse experience that they need to help them in their job search afterwards. Because you've got to think about it like this, once you graduate and you're out there in the big pool of everybody and you're applying for the same types of jobs that everybody else is applying for who just came out of library school, you're basically competing with them. So what's going to set you apart? And that's kind of a whole other workshop in itself. But the point that I'm getting at is in terms of what's going to set you apart is if you just went through and you took all your courses and now you have your degree, but somebody else went through and took all the courses and has their degree, but did two different internships, has projects on their experience, I mean, on their resume and you volunteered somewhere, that person has much more experience. They were able to apply what they were learning. They have different skills that they've developed and they can talk about that in the interview. So it's super important for you to use this time as being a student to gain the experience that you need. Does anybody have any questions so far? Because do feel free just to type them in. Looks like a couple of people are typing some questions and so I'm going to keep my eyes out for those as I start to move forward here. All right. So here's some of the other things that I was talking about in some ways that you could start to get experience. So it doesn't always have to be called a formal internship. And I will come back to that and talk about it a little bit more. Danielle has a question. Can you use your current employer as an intern? Typically not. There's really not a whole lot of value in that. One, I guess my question to you would be, Danielle, who's your current employer? Is the person or is it related to the library field or the LIS field in some way? But what's going to be better for you is to diversify your experience and to get some experience in another area. So even if your current employer right now is related in some way to the LIS field, I would encourage you to try to get some other experience and we'll talk about some of the options here. But the more that you can put on your resume to show the different things that you've done to diversify the experience and develop the different skill sets and be able to talk to those skill sets, I think the stronger you are as an applicant when you're applying for other jobs. So Denise's question is, do I need to do an internship if I'm currently working in records and management now? You don't necessarily need to, Denise. I mean, if that's where you want to end up and you feel like that's it, great. If you think that you might want to try out some other areas because being a student, I feel like it's your job to reality test out some other options. So right now you might have in your head, yeah, I'm sold on records management. But if you want to try something else out, maybe there's something in the back of your mind that you always thought, I wonder what it would be like to, I'll just make something up. You know, what would it be like to work in a public library and work with youth and develop programs for our youth in the community? Because maybe that would be something interesting. I always thought that kind of sounded fun, right? So maybe you can do an internship or you can volunteer in some capacity that you get to kind of test that out and see if that actually is even something that you like. So that's always an option. Danielle works at a community college library. So if you feel like Danielle that that is, that's where you want to be, great. If you're considering again thinking that maybe you want to do something else that I would look at getting some additional experience, diversifying. Elizabeth, even if it's an internship for just one credit, wondering how I can fit it in with school work and working full-time, yes. So I would recommend a virtual internship and we're going to talk about that shortly. I think the great thing about our iSchool is that there are a lot of different opportunities for you to get experience, particularly for someone who is working full-time and who has a life. There's always opportunities. So we'll talk a little bit more about that as we go along here. Yes, the she-nates at the virtual ends, absolutely. I didn't scroll down far enough there. So other types of experience that you can consider. So it doesn't always have to be just that internship. So if you were to volunteer, you can check in with your local library or other community-based organizations and see if it would kind of volunteer activities they have. And there might be some that would help you develop a certain skill set. And for example, there was, I've had a couple of students who, and I can't remember exactly the places where they volunteered, but because they were going to school and they had a job and they were doing a virtual internship, they actually volunteered once or twice per month, but they did it for a whole year. So even though they only did it once or twice a month, it was still something that they could put on their resume, and it was still allowing them to develop a different skill set and network with people and develop different skills and different experience. So volunteering is absolutely a viable option. You could also think about contract or we could be like a short-term project. So an example of that is I actually had a student who found a project on Sparta jobs. And we're going to talk a little bit more about Sparta jobs, but that's the campus job and internship database, not the formal internships, the informal internships, and I'll talk a little bit more about that in just a moment as well. But what she did is she found this short-term project on Sparta jobs, and it was for an individual who, just a private person who had inherited a collection of historical documents. And he, it was from a historical document of a famous author. And he was looking for one of our students to hire so that they could organize and digitize the collection. And she was able to do that. You know, she set her own hours and he paid her very well and he bought the technology that she needed, and she worked on this project. It was for several months to do that. But she could put that on her resume too. So that was a great idea. Sinead says, I had a student who thought public library child services was for them, but after being in public library on a Saturday for two months, they realized they didn't want that full-time. So that helped them early on not choose that road map to classes. That's a great thing to include. Thanks, Sinead, because that's absolutely true. I think oftentimes you could come to library school and you have one goal in mind of what you think you want to do, which is great, but oftentimes when you make that decision, you don't have enough information to know about all of the other things that you could possibly do with a master's in library and information science. So that's why I encourage you to try things out and see what sticks, because you really might surprise yourself. There's always part-time work as well. You could do something like be an on-call librarian. You could interview to be in a part-time librarian pool. You could be a library clerk. You could be like Sinead is. You could be a student, assistant, student technical assistant or research assistant. And I'll see those positions that are posted. They get sent out through the iSchool Alerts. And those are great things. In fact, we, myself, we hire students that help us within the career development work that we're doing for all of you. We have students that help us write blog posts and do different types of work for us.  So keep your eyes and ears open for other possibilities. Professional associations, get involved. So raise your hand. How many of you belong to a professional association? Raise your hand. And this shouldn't be like everybody, because it's free. Seriously? Only four of you? Okay. So I recommend, honestly, all of you should be signed up for professional association. Get the free membership. If the free membership is up and then you'd have to pay, it is still well worth it, because you get the student rate. And the student rate is super cheap compared to a professional rate. And the benefits from belonging to a professional association are huge, because they have workshops, they have conferences, they have their website, they have people you can connect with, you can find out about jobs. I mean, there's a lot of benefits to it. So to get experience from belonging to a professional association, that's where you can volunteer. You can volunteer to work at the conferences, the different events that they're putting on. And that's just another great way to get experience and to connect with other people. Student organizations. So like Elizabeth's saying here, join, assist. And she's saying contact her, contact her, which is a great thing to do. Student organizations are another thing that could be on your resume. If you're in one of the leadership roles, then you could certainly have that on there. Ah, Elizabeth's the membership director. Excellent. Way to go. Yeah. Thanks, Shanaid. If you're comfortable, put your email right in there. Elizabeth, so that's a great thing to do that I think students don't think of as that being viable experience, and it is. So I can't remember the person's name, but before the person said who I'm working full-time, how do I get experience? All of these different suggestions, these are excellent things that you can do and fit them into your life because they aren't something necessarily that you have to do every week. And so it can be flexible that way. Community service. This can be, this is wide open. So depending on where you live, you know, look around your community for ways to get involved that you might be able to help. So kind of look for a win-win. Again, it occurs for people that have worked in their community. A lot of times it was around, again, that organizing kind of historical data, collection and development, doing research, doing those types of things. But the opportunities are there. A lot of times, you know, you're not going to get paid for it, but the experience is well worth it. And people need your expertise. So you might even say, hey, are you looking for someone who can, you know, organize that or digitize that or something? And they might go, yeah, we would love that. And you'd be like, hey, you know, I'm a student. I'm getting my Masters in Library Information Science. I just learned how to do that or I'm in the process of learning how to do that. And I'd be happy to take that on, you know, and work on that. And boom, there you've got experience. So the last point on here is including projects from your coursework. And again, a lot of students don't think of including projects as relevant experience. And it very much is. In fact, it's a great thing to do when you don't have a lot of relevant experience. You want to use your projects on your resume. And you can think of your projects as little mini jobs. And it's a way again to demonstrate what you're learning and the skills that you're developing. And then shortly, I'll show you some examples. Oh, actually, I think I've got it right next here. Yeah, let me show you. This is how you could put projects on your resume. So you could give the project a title and you'd give it accomplishment statements, just like it was a job. So check out these statements and how they're written. Notice they're using a lot of industry verbiage that relates to the type of job that you'd be seeking. And it really is a way to demonstrate what you've been learning in your classes, what you've been working on. And this counts as relevant experience. So if all else fails and you haven't put in any other experience, please use your projects. In fact, I think not using your projects on your resume is often a missed opportunity. So this can be another excellent way to demonstrate your relevant skills. Questions so far, questions about any of these other types of experience that you can get, questions about using projects on your resume, just go ahead and type them in and I'll kind of keep checking the chat box. But here are different types of internships at our iSchool. So here's what I refer to. I don't know if you'll hear anybody else refer to it this way, but I refer to them as formal and informal types of internships. Here's how I personally define it. The formal internships will get you experience and course credit. So these formal internships, they are structured and they have to have specific supervision because the supervisors are following a particular format. They have signed a form with our school that says, I will offer students, you know, this, this, this, and this. So all of these formal types of internships, you can find on the iSchool's internship database and I will show you in a moment where you can find that if you haven't already seen that. But these types of internships, these formal ones, they can be physical, so in person, they can be virtual, or you also have the opportunity to design your own and all that information will be on the, in the internship handbook and I'll show you in just a moment where those are. But those formal internships, you have to complete these courses before you can apply for those. So people who are brand new to the program, they have to wait a little bit of time because they have to complete 200, 202, 203, and 204. And then you actually register for 294, which is the internship class. So that means you have to pay for it, but you get course credit and you get your experience. Okay? Those are formal. Here's how I define informal. So informal relationships, informal internships, you get experience and you can find those through Sparta Jobs, which is again the campus job database. I will show you how to find that, or you can find them on your own. The only prerequisite you would need for the informal internships is you have to be qualified for them because you're applying for them just like a regular job. So if you are new to the program and you haven't completed these four classes yet, you are still eligible to apply for the internships or the projects or part-time jobs or volunteer positions that you may find on Sparta Jobs. So don't feel like if you're new to the program, you have to wait before you can get your feet wet and start doing some work, right? So you've got two options. So again, how I define it that formal and that informal. So virtual internships, we chatted a little bit about that. That's a fantastic opportunity. It really is because again, if you're doing classes, you know, full-time, you're going to work full-time, you have a family, you're like how the heck am I ever supposed to get some additional experience? So fortunately, you have the option of doing a virtual internship, not all schools do. So I think that's pretty awesome. And our program, because it's online, really essentially prepares you, uniquely prepares you to be very qualified to do a virtual internship. I think it kind of gives you an edge, frankly, over other MLIs students because they're not all online and you guys have, innately, are developing that skill. It's just the nature of the program that you're in. And frankly, I'll tell you a lot of students take that for granted and they don't even think about that as a skill. But you guys have already developed this online distance learning skill that you have just because of the program that you're in. So the virtual internships is an opportunity to give you that flexibility to kind of fit the internship into your very, very busy lives because usually the work can be completed in the evenings or on the weekends. It's not something that you have to actually necessarily do during the day. How many else, you know, one person, but how many other people are doing a full-time job?  You have Danielle, Amanda, Tina, I know she and Nate is. So just an Elizabeth, Denise, Alfonzo, also about half of you or so. Okay. Had you all, has anybody considered a virtual internship before tonight? Was that something that was on your radar? You can raise your hand or type in yes or no that Danielle has. Anybody else? So I think it's a fantastic option. Cool. Yeah, I think you guys should definitely look into it and check it out. Okay, let's see. Let's see if there's anything I forgot. Sometimes I start rambling. Okay. So here, let's see, where am I? Okay. So here's how you can find the internship information. So up here in the, oops, cancel that. Did you guys see that pop up on the screen or did that just pop up on my screen? Just out of curiosity. You did see it. Oh, just online. Okay. Denise said yes, so maybe she meant the slide. I have this stretch break that pops up every hour and it reminds me to stand up and do some stretches and it tells me stretches to do, which is actually quite cool. I've just been trying it out. Yeah, I like it. I highly recommend it. I'm testing it out and then I want to send it to our HR people and go, hey, can you get us all this on campus? Because it's really kind of cool. I watched LZ, I'm still lazy. Let's see, so Danielle, I tried before. I said I need professor's permission. So that's a role in a virtual. Danielle, is that for a virtual internship? Yeah. Let me think. I'm trying to remember when I was through all the staff. It might, but that's not a big deal, I don't think.  And then I think you have the professor's permission to enroll because you have to enroll in that course. So I don't think that's a problem though. Yeah. Thanks, Shanae. I think it's those prerequisites. So I don't think it's a, was there a problem with that though, Danielle, because I don't think there should be a problem with it.  So here's how you can find the internship's information. So up here in the little search box next to about, you could actually there just type in internship database and do a search and some options will come up and then you can find it that way. Or you go right here to the current students tab, which is the top navigation from any of the pages of the iSchool. And then over here on the left, you're going to be under current students, you're going to go career pathways, and then course planning, and then buried under that, you will find internships. But I just wanted to make sure that that's where you got it. Whose approval do I need? I may have to look into that. Let me write that, I'm going to write that down really fast right now. Hold on everybody so that I can get the answer and get back to Danielle. Okay. Okay, I'll see what I can find out and get back to you on that one. All right, so here's how you can start to find the information on internships because I wanted to show you this because I find it kind of buried. And it's not always intuitive where to find the stuff, so I wanted to make sure that you do. So current students, career pathways, course planning, and then you find internships, and then you will come to this page right here. So you can click on the iSchool internship site database, you can check that out. Or you can, here's the virtual internship website, and yes, these are for the formal internships only, Teri. So I'm showing you those now, and then I will show you how to use Sparta jobs and find the informal ones. So here's your internship database, virtual internship website, so notice they're in two different places. Also notice on here you have the 294 student handbook. So if you're an MLIS student and you want to see all of the information you need about an internship, in fact, Danielle, that's where I'm going to go and look and see if I can find the answer to your question.  So everything is under this internships page. In the left-hand navigation in the purple box here, it shows you where all those things are as well. So internship info questions, they're pretty good. Knowing how to find what you're looking for, because I think that's half the battle. Okay. Here's the informal, Sparta jobs. So question, how many of you are familiar with the monthly newsletter that I send out? Show of hands, called the career news, career E news and opportunities. Seriously, five of you, really, you're breaking my heart. So every month, usually the mid towards the end, I send out a monthly newsletter. It's got a job search tip, takes you over to the career blog. It's got information about upcoming workshops. It has a section called hot jobs. And the hot jobs are library and information science related jobs that I pull from Sparta jobs, the database. Put on the newsletter to show you that they're there. Hmm, Elizabeth. How, if you, let's see. Yeah. Well, how would I, I'll have to talk to you, Shanae, about pushing that out. Let me write that down. Yeah, I'm thinking, but it's, it's, it is an opt-in option because it's for email, but I think all students are opting in because you need to, if you get any of the iSchool alerts, then you have opted in and then you would get it. Does that make sense? So, Elizabeth, like if you get any kind of iSchool alert, then you should be getting it. Yeah, and you get it in 203. Hmm. Yeah, you have to check. Okay. So, I do have the hot jobs. The hot jobs come from Sparta jobs. Okay, here's the other question. How many of you are registered with Sparta jobs? Two. Okay. Come on, people. Let's get with the program. So, here's the program. All right, under the career development tab, under job search. Yes, exactly. Right, Kim? And that is why you are here because it's, there is so much darn information for all of you and it's really, I know it's difficult to find it. I can't even find sometimes the things that I'm looking for and I know it's there. So, I'm glad that you are all participating because it's important. That's how you pick up all these nuggets of information. Okay. So, under the career development tab, left-hand navigation, you're going to go to job search and agencies and then you'll see there's a spot that says, Sparta jobs and SJSU Spartan Staffing Information but Sparta jobs is what you want. It's going to look like this page. And so, I've got the arrows here showing you what you need to do and how you log in. It's password protected because you're a current student. You have access to it. If you try to log in and you have any issues logging in, send me an e-mail, I will send that over to the main career center on campus and they will get you hooked up. So, it's free for all students. Once you graduate and you're an alum, it could still be a great resource that it would cost $25 a year for one year as an alumni to have access to Sparta jobs. But I have to say I am always just amazed at the jobs that are posted in there. So, it is well worth checking it out. And you want to think about it this way. Employers are specifically seeking you. They are coming to Sparta jobs because they are seeking SJSU students, they are an MLIS student, it's depending on what your major is, right? So, when you go in search, if you look down here in the Sparta jobs search tips, it says you log in, you click on the Sparta jobs tab, click on advanced search or actually I think right now I feel like it's called detailed search. And then under majors and concentrations, there is a pull down menu and you want to select the library and information science, that's exactly what I do, how I find the jobs. I click on the yes button so that I ignore jobs that have all majors because a lot of times employers when they post a job, they will click all majors because they want more people to see their job.  But please don't be turned off by that, just keep going. Just scroll through it and find the ones that are related to your major and there are a bunch of them and they are in many different states. There are most of them yes in California but there are positions posted all over and when I do the newsletter, I specifically try and pull out the jobs that are in many different states so that everybody can see what's out there and I try to sort of, you know, everybody's all over the place or I try to hit them in different places. I don't do this number five. I don't do this job category but then I just hit submit. So, that's basically how you would use it. So, going back to internships, a lot of the positions on here are full-time regular jobs but there are a number of them that say internship and when you find them on Sparta jobs, these are what I would consider those informal internships which means you do not have to have all the prerequisites of the classes. You do not need to take library 294 and get credit for it. It's going to be considered more like a job. It's an internship so they don't necessarily care where you are in the program, you just need to be qualified in order to do the internship. Lizette's question is do we have Sparta jobs access after graduation? You have access to it for about three months, close to three months until the system on the campus realizes that you've graduated and you're no longer a student and they sort of wipe the system clean. After that time, as I was saying before, you may still get access to it. You would just sign up as an alumni member through the Career Center and I can help you with that as well and it would be $25 for one year to have access to it and I really think that's not a bad deal at all. So that is Sparta jobs. That is finding what I call the informal internships but again there's lots of different jobs in there so just check it out too. You can see who's hiring and it gives you a nice environmental scan of kind of what's going on out there and now you also want to be looking for my monthly newsletters that has the hot jobs posted. Okay, I feel like I've been doing a lot of talking. Do you all have questions? Normally I feel like I think I have more questions but to that I feel like I'm just talking a lot. Anybody? Okay. So benefits of internships and we have talked a lot about these but I want to make sure that you really fully understand why this is so important for you to do an internship or get some sort of experience. Ooh, Sinead said it says they hire interns all the time. Are they related to someone having an MLIS Sinead? Like what company do you work for? I know you're in HR but what company do you work for? Cal Technologies. So are they looking for LIS? When you say you hire interns all the time or you're in general? All the time but across all different disciplines. They literally do internship programs and marketing and finance and computer engineering and now we're seeing all this information. I hope you guys hear her. Oh, I can see that she's talking but I don't hear her. Oh, you can hear her. Oh, yeah that was the last time I can hear her. It's long as you guys can hear her and you can hear me. We're good. Okay. All right. So benefits of internships. So being able to explore careers. So this is really important too. So of course we've talked a lot about getting the experience but having internships or other types of experience, it does give you the opportunity to explore career fields and determine if the work content or the environment is the right fit. And we touched on that early on when we first started. But it is a great way to reality test your ideas of the library and information science field and to diversify your experience and skill development. I do encourage you to do them in different places. I talked about that a little bit too. And I mentioned it but I'm going to say it again. Being a student really is your time to try things out and see what fits. I do feel like that's your job as a student. So the LIS field is super broad and it gives you a way just to kind of see what else is out there. Let me see. What do we have from Denise? What are your options if you choose not to do an internship? What do you mean what are your options? Tell me more about that. So she says they hire across all disciplines. So that's kind of cool. Another class. You mean just to take another class instead of an internship? Is that what you're asking? I would say the experience far outweighs taking another class. If any students want to weigh in on that, go for it. So Danielle, some of the pathways require an internship. Well, it's going to be completely up to you Elizabeth if it's close to home, right? I mean if it's commuting and time away and that kind of stuff. Is that what, oh, you meant close to home in Canada. I think I see what you're saying. It doesn't really matter. Just get the experience. Now the part where it could matter is sometimes internships can actually turn in, they can convert into a regular job. But you're still networking with people and people can be anywhere. So I don't think I'd use location necessarily as my guide. Sheenade says I didn't see an internship that matched what I'm interested in teaching instructional design but she used to do peer mentorship and collaborate experience which I think gives you that teaching experience for sure Sheenade and it does give you some of the instructional design.  So there's a lot of experience there. So you did a smart thing in getting experience that was close enough to what you wanted to do. Okay. So definitely a benefit is exploring careers. We've talked a lot about gaining experience. I don't need to talk more about that. Earning credit, we talked about that. If you do the formal internship you will get credit. Of course financial income is always excellent because sometimes internships are paid, not all of them. If you do the formal internships where you're getting credit those aren't paid. It's kind of a choice, credit or pay. But the informal ones like the ones through Sparta jobs, most of those could be paid. In fact they kind of should be paid. So you can be checking out that. Again some of them can convert to a real job. We had, oh I can't think of her name. But we had a couple of interns who actually did virtual internships which they found through the virtual internship database. And when they graduated those positions became regular jobs for them. One of them did it full time and the other one kept it as part time and she had another full time job and she did the virtual one as a part time job. So you never know. So it's always good to kind of check those out. I think another super important thing that you might not think about is networking contacts that you're making through this internship experience. And you may have heard, I hope you've heard, that the best way to find a job is through networking. And so to be able to increase and build your network is super important. It's vitally important to your job search post graduation. So I always talk about, you know, play your student card, right, and connect with many people as you can, ask professionals questions and learn from them. So that's a valuable piece right there, the networking contact. Of course, you're getting the resume experience. The people you connect with, you can add them to your LinkedIn profile. How many of you have LinkedIn profiles? One, four, five. So just about five of you have LinkedIn profiles. Again, that's something that I would definitely recommend. Oh, I think it jumped up to eight there. Definitely recommend that you put a LinkedIn profile together and start working on it. They have, I have past workshops on putting your profile together if you want to review those or if you have other questions about it, you can certainly send those to me. Ooh, that's interesting, Sinead. Sinead said they won't hire anyone without a LinkedIn profile. Because that hasn't had time to do it, so that's okay. Just keep it in the back of your mind and know that it's one of those things that you want to do. Because it is super, super important. And when you're networking, when you have other experience and you meet people, connect with them on LinkedIn. It starts to grow that network as well. And then references, that's a super benefit to doing internships or volunteering or whatever you are, but getting that experience because now you have broadened your scope of people who know how you work, right?  So there's many, many benefits to an internship or other experience. Questions, looks like Lizette is typing something out. Anybody have any questions so far? Lizette says would you ask an internship supervisor and professor for a reference, to be a reference? I would. I would definitely ask a professor if, you know, they know me well or perhaps I was their student assistant or I've, you know, done some projects with them, absolutely, and I would, 100%, I would ask an internship supervisor, you know, if I respected that person and we worked well together, you know, if I knew they were going to give me a positive reference, is the caveat there, but I would absolutely use them. You know, why not? That's great, especially if you've been self-employed for a long time and you're now, you need those references, those are, that's something you can definitely rely on. Okay. I think we've talked before. This sounds familiar, Lizette. Feeling like references are your weak point. Yeah. So this is another way to do it. It's all coming back to me now. Oh, thanks, Sinead. She's found professors fantastic for career help. And you may find some are better than others, you know, so just find the ones that you connect with and use them as mentors. That's a great thing to do. So take some advice from someone who's almost graduating that she knew about it earlier in the program to take advantage of all these things. So something else I want to show, from everything that I've been saying and all the comments that we've had in the chat box, if you still don't want to believe me about the benefits of an internship, do check out what other students have been doing. This would be super, super motivating. I love looking at these pages and I'm always blown away at what all of our students are doing. So check the community profiles pages and just read about what's possible. So here's how you find them. Again, from the main navigation at the top, under people, there's a tab for community profiles. And then here's all the different categories under community profiles and you'll see that there's one specifically for virtual internships. So if you want to read about what have some of our students done in their virtual internships, what are the companies that they were working for, right? This is a great way to test it out. And then you can certainly track down these students, send them an email and ask them some questions because students like helping students, of course, or even if they had graduated, they used to be you. So they're totally open to talking to you and answering your questions. So don't feel embarrassed or feel like you're going to bug them. Again, this is our time as a student. So reach out and connect with people. So do check the community profiles. You can get all kinds of really interesting information and find out, wow, I never thought of doing that or I never thought of being an intern here. I certainly never thought of this virtual internship. So these are fantastic pages. How many people have visited the community profiles pages before? One, two, three, it's like the same people, you guys. Okay. So I highly recommend that you check this out. Just spend some time cruising through it. It's just, it's so helps you see the bigger picture of all that is possible with what you're learning in library school. So check it, dream, get inspired, reach out, talk to people. Thanks, Lizette. Lizette says she's done two virtual, ooh, that's awesome, two virtual internships. So if you have questions, definitely reach out. Lizette, do you want to put your email address in the chat box in case they don't know your last name? That way they can find you. And yes, then you can definitely use those internship supervisors as your references. Absolutely, that's fantastic. Okay. So we have just a little bit of time. Keep the questions coming if you have them. Thanks, Lizette. And here are just 10 tips overall of internship success. So what I'm thinking of now, okay, so now you have an internship, right? Let's jump to the future. Let's say you've got your internship. Here are some tips that you want to keep in mind to be successful during your internship. So always think about having a can-do attitude or just that positive attitude, right? Because attitude really speaks loud and clear and it makes a lasting impression. So make sure that yours is one of your greatest assets. Assets. So that means really taking on any task that's assigned to you, no matter how small, just do it with enthusiasm and take the initiative to acquire new skills. And if you get some constructive criticism, just accept it graciously and always maintain your sense of humor. And remember that if you act with a can-do attitude and a positive attitude and enthusiasm, and then you go back to ask that internships to provide you to be a reference, they're going to have some really great things to say about you. So tip number two, and I think this one's really important, but learn the unwritten rules. So think about, you know, getting to know your coworkers early on in the internship because they're the ones that are going to help you figure out the company culture. You can pay attention to kind of subtleties and internal politics, you know, sit back and kind of observe what's going on, because you're going to need to adapt, observe, learn, and process a large volume of information. So just watch people closely, see how things get done, ask lots of questions, and pay attention to how people interact with each other. That's how you can learn those unwritten rules. Take your assignment seriously. Again, no matter how small or how big, each one is an example of how you work, right? So take them all seriously, start to build a reputation for yourself of being dependable, being diligent, and accurate, and you might encounter some stuff that doesn't work out well in the work environment, but again, ask questions, seek some directions, do whatever you need to do to get the job done. Definitely meet your deadlines, and that's super important, too, if you're a virtual intern, even more importantly, you need to meet your deadlines or use some excellent communication skills, and definitely set realistic goals and expectations. So that's going to correlate between your learning goals, right, what are the outcomes of that internship, and then the daily kind of work goals that you have. Maybe you keep a list of some of the things that you've worked on, because it's super easy to just kind of forget some of the accomplishments that you've had, so you might want to keep a list. And then when you've finished, if you need to write something up kind of based on, you know, your performance, you can go back and review that, or when you're adding this internship experience to your resume, you can go back and review and see all the things that you've done and decide which of those accomplishments you now want to add to your resume. So those are some good tips, and I have a few more for you, communicating, just assume that everyone else knows more than you do. Even if they don't, just pretend like they do. But don't be afraid to present useful ideas that may save time or money or solve problems, because that always just sounds like, hey, that person's really paying attention. They're enthusiastic. They've got some new and fresh ideas. Just make sure you're not overly assertive. I think it's good to be assertive, but not push it too far, because you are, and in turn, you are there observing and learning. So just kind of play it cool, be flexible, accept a wide variety of tasks, don't get upset about some of the things that they might give you to do, always be a team player, find a mentor. I think that one's really important. And for me, finding a mentor goes back again to formal and informal. It doesn't always have to be someone who's a formal mentor, which means you win up and ask them, hey, will you be more mentor? But it can be informal. And informal is when I kind of just sit back and I watch certain people, and I see those people that I respect. There's something about them and the way they work that I respect. And so I watch them, and I learn from them. I may ask them some questions. I may take a walk with them. Go get some coffee, ask them questions about how they got started in their career, different things like that. But I can use people as mentors. They may not even know that I'm doing that, but they can be my informal mentor, and I learn a lot from them. And then most of all, make sure you have fun. You know, you really want to enjoy what you're doing and enjoy learning and develop yourself professionally and personally. So participate in work-related social functions if they have them, even if that's not as comfortable for you or the norm for you, but try to step outside of your comfort zone and go, even if you go just for a little while, just to show that you're there and you're participating and that you're an active member in your work community. So that is all the information that I have for you guys tonight. Are there additional questions that you have for me? Or any comments? Alfonso's typing something in. Looks like Lee Zett's typing something in. You guys are very welcome. Good. I hope, I'm glad it was, I hope, good. I'm glad it was practical. I'm glad it was informative. I really, my job was, I really wanted to inspire you to help you realize how important it is to do an internship or to get some sort of additional experience because it makes a huge difference with those students that I see on the end of the program as they are getting ready to graduate and move out and doing their job search or they have graduated and now they're coming back for help. And those that have the experience, it's so much easier for those people to go out and do a job search and get jobs versus the ones that don't. Those are the ones that are really, really very, very difficult and there's no real way to catch up. You know, if you don't get that experience when you're a student, it's very difficult to catch up. So, awesome. Feel free to email me if you have additional questions later on. And let me make sure that nobody else is typing anything in. Looks like Sinead's typing something. Debbie Fares is getting together a checklist for new students to work from. It was, has about career. Ah, yeah! Let me evaluate it. Okay. We may need to add that in there, right? That's great. Thank you, Sinead. Thank you for having that lens on. That's super important. I really appreciate that. All right. I thank all of you for joining me tonight. Sinead, thanks as always for your help. Absolutely appreciate it. Have a great evening, everyone. And again, feel free to email me if you have additional questions. Bye.


Hello, everyone. I am Luca. I am a DevOps engineer. I would like to think of me as an open source. Today we will talk about this Dropbox. What is this Dropbox? This Dropbox is a tool written in POSIX Shell, very simple, which wraps podman or docker to have an abstraction of the complexities of these tools and create environments that simply integrate with the host. So it was born inspired by the great work of Federalist Toolbox. But I needed a solution that could work both with podman, docker or in the future with other container managers, for example. And so my solution also could be distribution agnostic both on the host side and the guest side. And generally speaking, something that could make easier to use software that wasn't packaged as flatpack or as an app. So how could we think of it? So if you think of flatpack as your app, which is unbound from the base operating system or docker as a service, which is unbound and isolated from the base operating system, this Dropbox or a pet container is an entire user space unbound from the base operating system, but still very integrated with the base host. You could think it seems like CH root with extra steps and you could be right, but actually not. So as I was saying, it uses container managers. So it's simpler to use than simple CH root. The CLI experience is a little bit more polished. And container managers are battle tests that they are used in the past years in the cloud environment and they are very, very, very reliable. And they integrate an easy-to-use image management system, and you can tap in the healthy ecosystem of container images for the cloud. So you can have a lot of various operating systems and versions, and most of the time they are even officially maintained by the main projects. So we have two, for now, just two container managers supported, which is Podman and Docker. Podman can run in rootless mode, no pseudo required, or can run in rootful mode if you need it. Docker can only run in rootful mode for now. They are much faster and lighter than VMs and the goal is to use them as a complete replacement for your CLI in the way they use. Optionally, they can even act as a separated system, having a separate system distance or unit distance, and even have complete graphical session. A word of warning, this is not a security enhancing tool. This is not like flat pack that send boxes to your stuff, so you are more secure. This is not less secure than your base operating system. So you have some advantages by using a rootless distro box using Podman, because even inside your container you can use pseudo, but you never are really root on the base operating system. You are still your user. So you have a little bit of an advantage there, but for a rootful distro box, root inside the container is root outside of it, so be careful. The integration is quite tight with base host. Obviously it shares the home directory of the user, but we have also integration with Rayland, audio, both pipe wire and pools, SSH agent, GPG agent. We have the user system D integration, so from inside the distro box you can just use sys and CTL dash dash user and use your host system D. You can use the host debug user session. Akses for removable devices, so slash dev. As I was saying optionally, isolated sys in the instance, it automatically generates desop entries for the containers that you create, so it's easier to access them. You have them tightly in your application list. And there is integration, so you can launch host command from the container and vice versa, so we can have tight integration both ways. The usage was thought to be as simple as possible, so the main goal was to abstract the complexity, so you have just some basic management commands, you have your create, enter, list, remove and stop for the containers. Everything can work without specifying any flag, any, anything. They are saying default, I think they are saying default. You have, you can choose your image, you can choose your name, you can even choose a custom home for the host, so you don't litter your home with dot files, for example. And I also add some utilities, one is the upgrade command, it will just cycle through all your distro boxes and use the package manager of each one to keep them updated like a center hub. You have the ephemeral distro boxes, which are basically similar to the docker or podman run dash dash rm, which will create, enter, and when you exit destroy the temporary container, which is very useful for testing or playing around. And there is the generate entry command to create desktop icons for your containers. So which are the use cases for this type of tool? Obviously, the immutable desktop is one of the use cases, I use one, so it's not really easy when you need the tool to just go install it because you need to reboot. So if you are on endless OS, Fedora, Silver Blue, or Kinoite, and Micro S, and lately I added support for the Steam Deck, you can have your mutable environment and play around with it. But even if you are not on an immutable operating system, you can have the advantages of diminishing the number of packages in the base operating system so you have less moving parts that can break, so updates are more likely to be successful. You have a user land that can be easily replaced and it's easier to make reproducible user lands if you distrohop a lot, for example. But talking of apps, some apps are specific to some distribution and maybe they are not tested on other versions of the same distribution or not supported in newer or older systems, or simply, yeah, they are not supported. Maybe you can use a tool like Alien to pass a dev to a RPM or vice versa, but then you have dependency that can cause the system breakage. And maybe for this app there is no flatpack, there is no snap, or this app is not packaged at all. Maybe it's only on the AOR, on copper, OBS, or on a PPA. Or generally speaking, you don't want to litter your system with a lot of stuff that maybe you don't use anymore. So this is useful. And another use case, which actually is why I started developing this, was having an enterprise laptop. And sometimes in enterprise you have some regulations that you have to follow and maybe you cannot be a super user on your laptop, but you need your tools to work. Maybe you are a DevOps engineer, a software engineer as his admin and you need your stuff to work. You can do that in your containerized environment. Or generally speaking, mix and matching distros. You may be on a LTS stable release and you want latest software for some reason, or you are on bleeding edge release and you need a very old software for some reason. And these sub boxes can ensure compatibility up almost ten year back in time. So the diversity of distribution are about 60, if we count combinations of permutations of version and distribution themselves, they go back to Debian 7, Ubuntu 14, or for the oldest on the list. You can go older if you have custom images, for example, because maybe the mirrors of the repo are not working anymore. But mainly if you go to back in time, like on Debian 6 and CentOSix, the libc is a little bit too old and won't work with kernels after 4.11. And you will need that grab-entry for the VCs code, but it's doable. And obviously there is support for all the latest distribution, Arch Linux, Fedoro-Rohai, Tumbleweed, Ubuntu, Debian and Stable. And you can mix and match however you like. Container side, the only dependency is really having a POSIX compliant BNSH and having one of the supported package manager. Why a package manager is needed? Well, if you take a cloud image, for example of Ubuntu, it's only 30 megabytes, and it's really, really small and lacks a lot of software that maybe you expect even on a minimal install. So what I do during the initialization of the container, I install all the basic stuff that user expects even for a command line environment so a package manager is needed. If something is not supported, just open a feature request, or if you want to help, open a pull request, every contribution is always welcome. Performance-wise, I did some tests using the Foranix Test Suite and it was on a Fedora 35 host using a Fedora 35 container and the Clare Linux container. And as you can see, the overhead of Fedora 35 container on top of Fedora 35 was really minimal. We were between 1% and 2% of the host performance, but the red part is the Clare Linux container. The Clare Linux container is consistently faster than the host itself because of the optimization that Clare Linux brings. So the overhead is low enough to reap the benefits of having something like that. So talking of apps, you don't want to always open your terminal, enter the distro box and launch your apps, maybe. So I've provided an export command that will integrate the applications from inside the container out to the host. The basic one, you can export apps, single binaries or user system deservices. We will see in a demo later. But for example, this is a simple arch container which has an atom installed inside. You want it outside of it. You just export dash dash app and you will have your atom or your app outside of the container easily accessible and it will be all automatic for the launch and it will be transparent for you. And same is for binaries and system deservices. System deservices will have prefix which will be the name of the container that is running that one, but you can just use it from your host. Same for the binaries, you just put them in your path and you can use them transparently, really. So let's show something. Maybe white is better. So let's do a normal terminal. So starting from here, let's do it. Starting from here, we can list our disturb boxes simply by listing them. There will be green if they are running, there will be yellow if they are not. And for example, an example of application I would like to show is Bitwig is a digital audio workstation. Actually Bitwig is distributed as a Debian package for Ubuntu 24 app or a flatpack. So obviously you can use the flatpack. But sometimes you cannot use the flatpack. For example, if you want to use Jabbridge, which lets you use plugins from Windows inside the Linux digital audio workstation. So to just install it, we can, I created previously an Ubuntu disturb box and just you enter the Ubuntu one. You can see it will, for the first time it will do some steps. The very first time you create the disturb box and launch it is a bit slow because there is the first step, installing basic packages obviously depending on your internet connection it has to go and fetch the packages. But the other times you enter it for example in our exit enter it again for the last time. So let's install the bitweek. I should have the command. Yeah. So this one is the command to install it from the between the documentation really enables the 386 architecture and installs it really. Hopefully, yeah. And as you can see there are some other outputs there are a series of hooks that disturb box implements inside the gas container to make it work with the host integration so you don't have like read-only paths or generally speaking you have maybe some type of conflicts. So let's launch it bitweek. So it's running what it's saying and yeah I mean okay it's on the other screen sorry there it is and it has full audio integration with the host I don't really see what I'm doing yeah so it's working as expected and you have an icon in the in the dock I will quickly change the screen sharing option just to show you no, not a good idea sorry for that yeah so I could show you how to integrate it but probably you won't see you won't see the icon but let's try anyway exit and if you disturb box export dash dash up bitweek so it was feedback that was exported you can see it in the local application you will see that there is a boon 2 24 bitweek.desktop so you have to trust me it's in my application list now you can export the binary of bitweek itself so if we go which bitweek so if I want to export it I can do this subbox export this one in I don't know local bin for example and if I exit the container so now I am on the host I can launch bitweek studio directly from the host it will be transparent so if you install other types of of binaries like I don't know ffmpeg or mpv something like that it will be like having it on the host itself and as I was saying we can also export services so we can I created a distro box for this service which is sync thing it's a synchronization file synchronization program if we install it this one will create a systemd service but you cannot really use systemd services inside the container if you don't create one with separate systemd so what we can do is distro box export service sync thing it will inform you that you have now this new service which you can just see like that now it's not running so you can restart it demo reload as you can see now it's running it's running inside the container but you access it from the host systemd and well it's available here simply so it's pretty transparent and you can simply access what it will be otherwise difficult to access really another example in this case on an immutable file system having the possibility of installing rootful containers is important for example list you can see I am running a libvert container let's enter it this one is analmalinics container which has a separate systemd instance this one is completely separate from the host and you can have your own services in your like libvert so this one is really useful in at least in my case because installing libvert and all the dependency it's quite demanding and it's a lot of stuff this is just simpler for me I open a container I can dnf or yum or whatever install whatever I need and then you can just use it as a normal distribution much more similar for example on lxc for example where you have a complete system inside and I can use virt manager to access it and virt manager itself is in another disrbox which is my main disrbox so it's working as expected and it helps availability it helps with the incompatibilities and with testing also because you can test on various type of environments much easier and you don't have the quirks of being maybe sandboxed you cannot launch a graphical application or you cannot launch I don't know some type of process so there are also ways to manage it graphically there is an emerging app called Atoms where this is from Mirko Bromlin and this lets you install from FlatHub this application and then you can manage it simply from this application you can have a console you can just add your terminal launch also application from here you can launch application from here so it's a very neat way I really like it way to manage them so you have your command line, your graphical applications and yeah you can even I will not demo this because it's a little bit complicated and unstable but you can have separate instances of GNOME for example this is a CentOS 7 machine where it's running the latest GNOME inside the distro box and you can just select it at login time you can do the same with KDE so it can be also useful in case you are stuck on another distribution to have access to one of the latest softwares this is a little bit experimental still the integration here is really advanced so there are still corner cases but it's double and yeah so, back to the so what are the next steps for the project one of the missing stuff is rootless docker and container D plus ctl support sadly I can still use them because it's missing an option for the username space kipid which is useful to map yourself inside the container so you don't have mismatching identities alternate becans there is cutman which is a CHROOT manager that I wrote and there is K Run VM to run micro VMs on top of this so you can for example have your CentOS 7 inside the micro VM CentOS 8 and the important thing is it's really useful for if you have to do kernel development for example adding a sandboxing mode which can seem a bit counter intuitive because until now I was talking how much it is integrated with base host but having the bare minimum integration just to have your graphical application working but having a sandboxing so you can trust it a little bit more is useful obviously adding more tests right now have cut some pipelines of github to continuously test the compatibility of all the distribution that I declare in the documentation having better CLI UX feedback is always welcome so TLDR these are books is a nice tool to enable both backward and forward compatibility in the software adds you the freedom to use whatever distribution you want and without having to restyle everything each time and generally speaking making you more comfortable with your own machine if you want to contribute it's on github and there is a contributing document that you can read and helps you to have the basics for the contribution report bugs, typos plenty of them improvements I'm always open to constructive criticism and improvements and if you feel like contribution the contribution is always welcome I'm listing here for whoever downloads the PDF there is a list of useful links on how to use it so there is the distrobox documentation I spent a lot of time on that so this should be quite exhaustive there is the benchmarks and there is a couple of videos by George Castro on how he uses on Fedoro Silver Blue and how he manages to integrate it with his own workflow thank you very much and yeah this was the distrobox we have 8 minutes for the questions so if you have questions I'm here sure there is a microphone here two questions first one do you have GPU support can you fully use for example NVR card yeah so the hardware is passed through the container obviously you have to install the drivers inside the container generally speaking for now I still don't install the Mesa drivers I was thinking of it so even the guys of Fedora Toolbox just today they pushed an update where they installed the basic open source drivers which is a really good idea and I want to implement it also which is a bit more difficult on my side because I need to have compatibility on all the range of distros so I mainly check what's the package name for the invidia part if you have drivers on the host and inside you can use that I have there is a matrix channel of distrobox and a telegram channel and some of the user have invidia cards and they use it inside the container because they install steam inside the container and they play from inside the container so it works and second question you told about removable usb devices can you add an usb device while the container is running? it's transparent when you plug it it pops generally speaking it's just mounting all slash dev inside the container so if something pops out in dev you see it in the container it's not a problem thank you any other questions? any questions from online? ok, I can close them thank you very much


What's up, guys? I'm in Philly for the first edition of Vocab with Gab, where I'm putting hockey fans' knowledge to the test to see how much hockey slang they know. What does it mean to have the good flow? Uh, your quick or your skates? They're good at like passing on passes. What is the sweater? What's that referring to? Jumbo. So when they take off their helmets, they like, will have sweat like pointing up? The hockey jersey? What does light the lamp mean? No, I don't. Swear gold. What does it mean to chirp somebody? Like, is that when they bang their sticks?  Yeah, yeah. Oh, that's when you like, make fun of them.  Turpent is just trash talk. What is a hatty? A helmet? That choice. Three. Three goals. Three goals. What are zebras? That is the goalie. The referees.


Hi, and welcome to the session. Let us discuss the following question. The question says, integrate the following functions. Given function is e to the power 5 log x minus e to the power 4 log x upon e to the power 3 log x minus e to the power 2 log x. Let's now begin with the solution. In this question, we have to integrate the function e to the power 5 log x minus e to the power 4 log x by e to the power 3 log x minus e to the power 2 log x dx. Now, this is equal to integral of e to the power log x to the power 5 minus e to the power log x to the power 4 upon e to the power log x to the power 3 minus e to the power log x squared dx. We know that e to the power log x is equal to x. So this is equal to integral of x to the power 5 minus x to the power 4 by x to the power 3 minus x to the power 2 dx. This is equal to integral of x to the power 4 into x minus 1 by x squared into x minus 1 dx. Cancel x minus 1 from both numerator and denominator. And x to the power 4 by x squared is x squared. So now we have integral of x squared with respect to x. We know that integral of x to the power n is x to the power n plus 1 by n plus 1 plus c. Now here in place of n, we have to, so integral of x squared is x to the power 3 by 3 plus c. Hence our required answer is x cubed by 3 plus c. So this completes the session. Bye and take care.


Good morning, everyone. I'm Karthik. I work for Salesforce search relevance team. My team maintains the search backend and does relevance for CRM backend search. Today, I'm excited to delve into innovative area in AI and natural language processing. We'll be talking about grounding the LLMs to make them usable in enterprise settings. We'll be talking about a concept called Retrival Augmented Generation, commonly known as RAG. This will significantly leap in how AI systems interact and generate human-like text. At the end of this talk, you'll have a clear understanding of what RAG is, how it works, and then how it can be a game changer for your enterprise applications. RAG is a concept that provides LLM with more context from external sources. That could be your enterprise datasets or some other external systems or knowledge base that you already have, which you don't want your LLM to be trained on. Before going into more details, let's see what are the drawbacks with today's LLMs. Most of the LLMs are trained on static datasets and they are frozen in time. You might have seen, a lot of you might have used chat GPT or any other LLM systems. If you have, if you ask some question, which is very latest, something like sports event or that might have occurred in a recent past, it will just say, hey, I'm trained only till until this date. I don't have information and then it will just raise it hands. But if you try to use these LLMs in your production applications, you can't do that. You can't say that to your customer. So we should have some kind of solution. And then these LLMs are mostly trained by few companies.  So they lack context on the private data that your company might have or your team might have. So what happens is if you ask some question, which it doesn't understand LLM will just give some hallucinated answer, which will be very difficult for you to surface it back to your application. That's where we need to provide some more context and then do more of prompt engineering so that these LLMs can be used for your company specific questions or domain specific questions.  You give it something and then it gives a result. Sometimes you might ask for a citation and all those kind of things, but they're all questionable. You can't use that for auditing purposes. You might want a situation or a, you might be in a scenario where you want to cite what are the sources this LLM is using. So we could use a framework or we could come up with a framework, something like RAG, where you can use the citation of your documents, which you fed into the prompt so that you can use it for auditing purposes. So this is like a hybrid approach. This is best of both worlds where you'll be using the LLMs for doing the work and as well as your homegrown knowledge base at the same time. Now let's get into the technicalities of the architecture and why this RAG is fascinating. It essentially merges two concepts. First is the neural retrieval model and then LLM. Let's start understanding how this works. For any enterprise company or any enterprise, the center to their entire system is the knowledge base. So what we start doing is we convert this knowledge base. It could be our knowledge articles, documents or anything like chat histories or anything. So we convert those into something called embeddings. These embeddings are nothing but high dimensional vectors. What they do is they don't just convert it into like keyword vectors or something like that. What they do is they capture the essence and then they convert these documents into a numerical form. Now say you have a large document. You don't want to convert the entire document into a numerical representation. Then if you do that, what you'll do is you'll boil down or you lose an essence. So what you could do is you could convert these documents into a smaller chunks and then try to convert those into embeddings. So there are a couple of techniques that you could do. You could do like a uniform chunking where you could just chunk by say number of characters like say 200 characters at a time. But then you lose the context. So you could do more nuanced approach like going by sentences. Like say if you have a well written document in English language or any other language, you write it in such a way that you have sentences, you have side headings, you have context around it. So if you do a sentence based chunking then it will have more context around it. Or you could use like more complicated ones like a parent document retriever where chunks maintain a link to the original document and the surrounding documents. Once you have these embeddings, you store those in a vector database. So in vector database, what happens is you could search based on the nearest neighbors. Say you want to search for a fruit and then recovery comes up for Apple. It just doesn't do a keyword search and just return documents containing Apple. But it will also look for the nearest ones like a fruit or a grape or something like that. So that you get all the documents which are nearest to this. And once you have these results from vector database, what you could do is you could look at top K results and then sort them and then use them. And then you could pass that context to your LLM. So once you have this context and as well as the query that user is looking for or your app is prompting, you could have a much more nuanced context and grounded LLM with cited knowledge articles. So that will be a much more better response than directly asking an LLM. This rag is extensively used in like Q&A chatbots or say customer service kind of applications in content creation. Hope you like this talk. Thanks everyone.


Myself, Mr. Birajdar Bala Sahib, Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities and Science, Walchand Institute of Technology, Solapur. In this session, we will discuss Linear Differential Equation of Higher Order with Constant Coefficient Part 1. Learning Outcomes At the end of this session, students will be able to, first one, define linear differential equation of higher order, second, write higher order linear differential equations in short form using differential operator capital D. Let us pause the video for a while and write answer to the question. Question is, write an order and degree of differential equation d square y by dx square minus 5 into dy by dx square plus 6 into y is equal to e raised to x. Come back, I hope you return answer to this question. Let us see the solution. Here, the highest order derivative in the equation is 2, therefore order of this differential equation is 2. And the power of highest order derivative is 1 in the equation so that the degree of differential equation is 1. This is according to the definition of order and degree of differential equation which we learn in lower classes. Now, let us start with linear differential equation. It is denoted by LDE shortly. Definition. A differential equation is said to be linear differential equation if the degree of dependent variable and its derivatives is 1 and they are not multiplied each other in the equation. If coefficient of derivative terms and the coefficient of dependent variable are constants, then the differential equation is called linear differential equation with constant coefficient. Let us consider an example 1. The differential equation d square y by dx square plus 3 into dy by dx plus 2 into y equal to e raised to x. In this differential equation is y is a dependent and x is independent variable. Here a degree of y and its derivatives are dy by dx and d square y by dx square. The degree of these three is 1 and they are not multiplied each other in the equation so that this differential equation is belongs to linear differential equation. Also the coefficient of derivative term are constant as well as the coefficient of dependent variable y is also constant. Hence, this differential equation is also called as linear differential equation with constant coefficient. Another example number 2. 2 into dq y by dtq plus 3 into d square y by dt square plus dy by dt equal to 0. In this again y is a dependent variable and t independent variable and derivative of y are dy by dt d square y by dt square dq y by dtq. The degree of all these three differential coefficient is 1 and they are not multiplied each other in the equation so that this differential equation is also belongs to linear differential equation. And again the coefficient of these derivative term is constant so that it is also called linear differential equation with constant coefficient. In general an ordinary differential equation a naught d raise to n y by dx raise to n plus a 1 d raise to n minus 1 y by dx raise to n minus 1 plus a 2 d raise to n minus 2 y by dx raise to n minus 2 plus and so on plus a n minus 2 into d square y by dx square plus a n minus 1 into dy by dx plus a n into y equal to x of x denoted by 1 where a naught a 1 a 2 etcetera a n are constant coefficients and x of x is a function of x or may be constant is known as linear differential equation of nth order with constant coefficients. Now operator d the differential coefficient d by dx is called differential operator and it is denoted by symbol capital D so that dy by dx can be written as d of y and d square y by dx square can be written as d square of y and so on d raise to n y by dx raise to n can be written as d raise to n up y. With these notation the above differential equation 1 can be written as a naught d raise to n up y plus a 1 d raise to n minus 1 up y plus and so on plus a n minus 2 d square up y plus a n minus 1 d up y plus a n into y equal to x of x. In the left hand side every term operating on y so that y is taken outside so in bracket a naught d raise to n plus a 1 d raise to n minus 1 plus a 2 d raise to n minus 2 plus and so on plus a n minus 2 d square plus a n minus 1 d plus a n bracket close into y which is equal to x of x. Now expression in the bracket is a function of d and it is denoted by f of d. Therefore f of d into y is equal to x of x denoted by equation 2. Now equation 2 is called a symbolic form of equation 1. Both equations are identical but way of writing is different.  Now general solution of linear differential equation. The general solution is the functional relation between dependent variable and independent variable which satisfy the differential equation and it is containing an arbitrary constants. The number of such constant must be equal to order of differential equation. So that in general the general solution of linear differential equation of the type f of d into y equal to x of x with constant coefficient when x of x is not equal to 0 is given in two parts as dependent variable here y which is equal to complementary function plus particular integral. In short we write it as y equal to C f plus p i where C f is the solution of a homogeneous differential equation f of d into y equal to 0 and p i is the particular solution of equation f of d into y equal to x of x when x of x not equal to 0. Now auxiliary equation of a differential equation. An auxiliary equation of a linear differential equation f of d into y equal to x of x is obtained by equating 0 to polynomial f of d that means f of d equal to 0 gives an auxiliary equation of the differential equation.  And when we equate it equal to 0 we get a naught d raise to n plus a 1 d raise to n minus 1 plus a 2 d raise to n minus 2 plus and so on plus a n minus 1 into d plus a n which is equal to 0. It is called as a auxiliary equation of a given nth order differential equation. It is an algebraic equation in d the values of d which satisfy this equation are called roots of an auxiliary equation. Now let us consider example one write an auxiliary equation of differential equation d cube y by dx cube plus d square y by dx square minus 2 into dy by dx which is equal to e raise to x and find roots of an auxiliary equation. Here d by dx is capital D so that dy by dx equal to dy d square y by dx square equal to d square y and d cube y by dx cube equal to d cube y. With this notation the given equation can be written as d cube y plus d square y minus 2 dy equal to e raise to x that is when y is taken common in bracket d cube plus d square minus 2 d bracket close into y equal to e raise to x. This is of type f of d into y which is equal to x of x here f of d is d cube plus d square minus 2 d and when we equate this f of d equal to 0 we get auxiliary equation therefore d cube plus d square minus 2 d equal to 0 is the auxiliary equation of q 1 differential equation. Now, we have to solve this equation here d cube plus d square minus 2 d equal to 0 to solve this equation we will we factorize the left hand side for that d is common taken in bracket d square plus d minus 2 equal to 0 and keeping d as it is are equate d equal to 0 one equation and d square plus d minus 2 equal to 0 another equation and now we have to solve equation d square plus d minus 2 equal to 0 separately by factorizing here d square plus 2 d minus d minus 2 d can be written as 2 d minus d and minus 2 which is equal to 0 from first 2 term d is common in bracket d plus 2 and from last 2 term minus 1 is common in bracket d plus 2 which is equal to 0 and when we take d plus 2 is common we left d minus 1 in bracket which is equal to 0 then d plus 2 equal to 0 gives d equal to minus 2 and d minus 1 equal to 0 gives d equal to 1 hence total roots of auxiliary equations are d equal to 0 d equal to minus 2 and d equal to 1 to prepare this video session I use this book as a reference thank you


The United States would start to share up to 60 million doses of AstraZeneca coronavirus vaccine with other countries as soon as the next few weeks. White House Press Secretary Jen Psaki said the United States would release the doses to other countries as soon as they become available. She said there could be 10 million doses cleared for export in coming weeks. About 50 million more doses are currently being produced and could ship in by May and June. Psaki said the Biden administration is still deciding what the process will be to determine where and how it will share the vaccines. AstraZeneca vaccine has not yet been authorized for US use by the Food and Drug Administration. The president spoke today with Prime Minister Modi of India, committing that the United States and India will continue to work closely together in the fight against COVID. The president pledged America's steadfast, ongoing support for the people of India who have been impacted by the recent surge in the COVID-19 cases. But I will say that we are continuing to look for a range of ways to help India. So we're talking about what we can redirect, what is available now. A lot of what they need at this moment is oxygen. That is what they will tell you. What I know reporters, all of you and your colleagues who are reporting from the region will tell you that we are quite focused on that as well as PPE, testing and other immediate needs they have now.


Hello, my name is Mehmet, I was born in Turkey and I live here. I completed my TIFL course last month from ITTT, so I want to share my experiences with you. I got the TIFL certificate at ITTT just because I improved myself in many different areas. Of course, I have a favorite unit from this course. My favorite part of this course was lesson planning, so I'm extremely happy with the contribution of the planning to the lessons. I already worked in a private school as an English teacher since four years, and I've had more or less experiences. I can say to anyone who wants to take this course, remember you will have great experiences. It consists of 20 units, and there is an exam in the end of every unit. Remember, you will have a great time. Good luck! Thanks so much for watching. We are ITTT, the leading provider for TIFL and TESOL training courses. If you liked this video, please subscribe by clicking the button down here and click on any of the videos here on the left for more interesting teaching tips for getting certified to teach English abroad and online.