Rhaid fawr, a gweithio'r cymdeithasol. Mae gweithio'r cymdeithasol. Rwy'n dechrau bod yn fawr, dwi'n gwneud am gweithio'r cyfnodol. Mae'r cyfnodol yn fawr, ac mae'r cyfnodol yn dda. Mae'r cyfnodol yn gweithio'r cyfnodol yn 4,5 miliwn, dwi'n llwyso'r cyfrifio'r cyfnodol. Ond rwy'n gweithio'r cyfnodol yn gweithio'r cyfnodol. Mae gennym nhw'n gweithio gyrdi am gweithio'r cyfnodol. Mae'n gwneud i'w gweithio'r cyfnodol a chymdeithasol, dwi'n gweithio'r cyfnodol buddwyd yn ddim eich gweithio'n gweithio'r cyfrifio'r cyfrifio. Rydw i ddim ond ar gyfnodol yn fawr, le fydd ychydigion i chi'n sgwrtio gy symud i ddim teimlo, dwi'n ddim gweithio ddim eich cwm... ei-i-e-i-e Ie nhw, mewn sefydling, y cydwyddiant sy'n golygu ar hyn sy'n cydwyddiant, gennym wath i ni'r gwahol, yn y gallu gweithio ei amddiannol yn ôl. Mae Lleidio Cymru, rhai twyd, byddai'r CV1-325. mae angen i'r ddiwyf yn sgolwch am fynd yn gwirio stickersau gwahanol bob â'r tyfyng y teimlo perthcied yn debyg. Rydyn ni'n cyfnodd yn fwy o'r cyrgylluniaidd maen nhw'n gweithio'r cyd-fawr, ond rwy'n gweithio gyd-fawr. Am ystod, Malur i'w amser yn ymddi'r cyfnod 2016. Felly, mae'r ddweud yng nghymru yw 5 yr ysgol yw erioedd eich Llywodraeth a Llywodraeth Yngrifennu yn y Cymru, ac mae'r llyfr yn cymryd o'r llyfr ymddiad yn yr llyfr ymddiad yw'r llyfr ymddiad a Llywodraeth Gweithgrifennu. Mae'n gweithio ar y dyfodol yng Nghymru, yng Nghymru, ar y Ffodol Rusiadau, sy'n gweithio ar y Ffodol Rusiadau. Felly, yng Nghymru, mae'n gweithio ar y ddweudio Cymru, sy'n gweithio ar yr unigol Carnagai a Ddarmond, sy'n gweithio ar y rôl i'r Ffodol Rusiadau. Mae'n gweithio ar yr unigol Carnagai a'r unigol Cynllunio, between 2006 and 2008, and from 1998 to 2000 as Deputy Under Secretary of Energy for Defence, Nuclear Non-Proliferation, and before that Assistant Secretary and Director for Non-Proliferation and National Security at the US Department of Energy. And prior to our work at the Department of Energy, Ambassador Goethe-Muller served for three years as Deputy Director of the International Institute for Strategic Studies in London. From 1993 to 1994, she served on the National Security Staff as Director for Russia, and she has taught on Soviet military policy and Russian security at Georgetown University. As I say, that is a summary. There is more, but I believe. So, as you can hear from the experience that Ambassador Goethe-Muller, we're very, we're very grateful that she's coming to speak to us today to give us a keynote address which will examine the role of women, peace and security. She will discuss NATO's integrative approach to promoting gender equality with particular reference to its policy on women, peace and security. And this policy provides the foundation for work on gender equality across the Alliance and is framed around three guiding principles, inclusiveness, integration and integrity. And this, as I think anybody here will be aware, Resolution 1325 is used around the world as a policy tool to implement gender sensitive conflict related topics. It's also used as an organising framework for actors outside the UN, such as NGOs and researchers, in a way that I think could be said that no other Security Council resolution has been used. It was also the first formal and legal document that required parties to a conflict to prevent violation of women's rights, to support women's participation in peace negotiations and post-conflict reconstruction, and to protect women from gender-based violence. So it's been a seminal moment in the UN and across wider institutions than the UN. Ambassador Goethe-Muller also comes to us from where NATO has also changed over the years from out of area to working in conflict prevention. There's also been a significant change as we were discussing in cooperation with the EU where we have up to, as you said, 74 different areas of cooperation with the EU, which is a huge change from when there was a relative standoff a number of years ago between the two organisations, the cooperation is now outstanding and very profitable. And last but not least, just to mention, the third Irish action plan on women's peace and security was launched by the Department of Foreign Affairs just last month. And I think we feel proud of our record in this regard. We're looking forward to working with the new action plan. There's a new dimension on taking advantage of the experience of women in the conflict in Northern Ireland, and we will move forward on that in cooperation, of course with NATO. Laura's yours. Thank you very much Marie. It's wonderful to be here and to have this opportunity. We have indeed been planning this for a long time, and so I'm glad it came to fruition and on such a beautiful day to be honest. I've said to myself, riding around town this morning, I want to move to Dublin. So it's like this in the middle of January too, right? Anyway, thank you. Thank you for the introduction. Thank you for the opportunity to speak to you all today. I'm really delighted to be in Ireland, the island known for saints and scholars. Ireland is a very important partner of NATO. This year we are celebrating 20 years of Ireland in the partnership for peace, the first of many NATO cooperation programs with partner countries. We cooperate in a variety of areas, including peacekeeping operations, where Ireland is an international leader. We also work together encountering improvised explosive devices, where Ireland has valuable experience to share, and sadly among our partners around the world work on dealing with improvised explosive devices and unexploded ordinance overall, this has become a global issue, and so Ireland's experience is of great value not only to NATO, but to other partners and colleagues around the world. We also share the same values, and we certainly share a strong commitment to the women's peace and security agenda, an issue that is dear to my heart. Your country is a global champion on WPS. I'd like to congratulate you for launching your third national action plan on women's peace and security in June of this year in Cork. To quote from the excellent review of your second national action plan, Ireland is interested in WPS because we know from lessons learned from the Northern Ireland peace process that in conflict resolution and building lasting peace, women's contribution is vital. Let me also mention the important role Ireland plays in support of the WPS agenda globally. You hosted two meetings of the regional acceleration for resolution 1325 known colloquially as RAR. This platform created in 2016 aims to facilitate the exchange of best practices and lessons learned in implementing the WPS agenda. It does so by working among the participating organizations, the UN, the EU, the OSCE, the African Union, and last but not least, NATO. Ireland plays a key role in supporting NATO's WPS agenda, not least by offering us Lieutenant Colonel Mary Carroll who is with us today, and I'm delighted that you are with us today. I'm really glad you could join us. She is a serving officer in the Irish Defence Forces. She currently works as an advisor in the Office of the Secretary General, Special Representative for Women, Peace, and Security at NATO's headquarters in Brussels. Mary was the first Irish woman to command a UN peacekeeping mission on the Golan Heights in 2016. She brings remarkable experience and expertise to the team and to NATO more broadly. We also were honored to have the Chief of Staff of your Defence Forces Vice-Admiral Mark Mellott at the NATO headquarters recently, and he is with us again today. Thank you, sir, for being present. We really appreciate it. He explained at headquarters, this was back in June, that taking the WPS agenda seriously is crucial because greater gender balance and incorporating gender perspectives drive capability. We need this capability for peacemaking, peacekeeping, stabilization, and institutionalization of the norms and principles associated with civil society. This makes sense to me, believe me, and it is a view we share among the NATO community. Implementing the UN's Security Council resolutions on women, peace and security has become a vital part of NATO's work. I'm proud of the alliance's record. We've had a policy on women, peace and security in place since 2007. NATO leaders endorsed an updated version of the policy when they gathered just over a year ago at the NATO summit in Brussels. It's based around three eyes, integration, inclusiveness and integrity. I'm going to break from my prepared remarks here for a second to say 2007, yes, we put a WPS policy in place, but I have to say the refresher of that policy in 2017 is driving us harder and faster than ever before because we are focused now on implementation and on monitoring that implementation. Here, too, Ireland has a lot to offer because you have been focused on implementation and making sure that that implementation is monitored. We do look forward to learning from you in this process as well. Let me turn to the three eyes around which our policy is based. Mary already mentioned them, integration, inclusiveness and integrity. First, integration. This is about integrating gender equality as a core part of all NATO policies, programs and projects. Here, NATO is strengthening our cooperation with civil society on a range of issues to advance the WPS agenda most effectively. A panel of civil society advisors makes recommendations to NATO on how we can better integrate gender perspectives into everything we do, recognizing that what we do affects both men and women. I'll break again from my prepared remarks to say this is the only civil society advisors organization we have at NATO. I'm very proud of it. We have people from across, really, the Euro-Atlantic area and particularly those from the western Balkans have been very helpful in pushing us ahead in our understanding of these issues. To those of you in the audience representing civil society, you can hear I'm enthusiastic about civil society. I want to say that your work makes an incredible difference in the lives of ordinary people around the world. It is not an easy job, but the results are worth the effort. In the words of Ireland's former president, Mary McAllies, it is absolutely no accident that the peace and reconciliation and indeed economic progress that eluded Ireland generation after generation for hundreds of years has at last come to pass in an Ireland where the talents of women are now flooding every aspect of life as never before. Long may this continue and very well said. Second eye is inclusiveness. The representation of women across NATO and in national forces is vital to enhancing our effectiveness in the field particularly. We want to increase the participation of women in all tasks and at all levels. We've made real progress in this area and I will say in NATO it's been very important. 85% of NATO countries have all positions in their armed forces open to women today. Seven allied nations currently have female defense ministers. Eight women currently serve as ambassadors to NATO's North Atlantic Council. Overall we are seeing greater numbers of women in leadership positions including in our military structures. We will soon in November have a woman commanding the NATO mission in Iraq, General Jenny Kerrigan from Canada and may I say Canada's among the allies been a real leader on this issue. They will have three general officers in command positions at NATO come this fall including not only Jenny Kerrigan in Iraq but also the commander of our standing naval group, SNMG2 will be a naval admiral and the head of the NATO defense college in Rome is also a Canadian general so it's very very notable that Canada is a real leader and a partner with us also on these important issues. This is all good progress but it is only a beginning and we must go further. More women on operational duty enhances our effectiveness. More diverse teams perform better and if you want to build the effective forces to face up to future challenges ignoring 50% of your talent is a really bad idea and I feel this very strongly. I think countries who do not pull forth the talent from all of their all of their population is a country that is disadvantaged and I think the development numbers we were we were talking to the chief this morning about this their development numbers and numbers related to conflict show that. I know the irish defense forces successfully embeds WPS within its training and international missions. It is one of the very few militaries in the world to have its own exclusive action plan with many innovative ideas and actions for enhancing gender equality and diversity. I understand your military personnel significantly contributed to the development of your third national action plan. I think this is an excellent example for all of us. The third eye is integrity. It is said that integrity is doing the right thing even when no one is looking. In 2019 the world continues to mistreat at least half of humanity. Women and girls are often horrendously treated especially at times of conflict when rape and violence disproportionately affect women and girls. Treating everyone as equals with respect and basic human dignity should never be compromised even in the midst of war. NATO has a special responsibility to make sure that its own troops always observe the very highest standards of behavior whatever the circumstances. That is why we are in the process of developing the first ever NATO policy to prevent and respond to sexual exploitation and abuse. It is a big focus for us right now. We're working hard to drive forward on the SEA policy so that this too can be endorsed at the level of our leaders when they come together in London at the end of the year in December. So SEA is next on our agenda always on our agenda but in terms of getting the policy in place we will work hard to get it endorsed at the leaders level by December this year. So integration inclusiveness and integrity these are the watch words as we move forward with our agenda to make gender equality an everyday reality for women and girls everywhere. For NATO realizing true gender equality at every level merits our constant attention and effort. We are heading in the right direction I think. We will continue to work closely with other international organizations and with partner countries importantly Ireland to further advance the women peace and security agenda. We benefit from your active engagement with the alliance on this front so from me a big thank you once again. We thank you all for your leadership on WPS and we look forward to working with you as we develop this agenda going forward. So thank you very much for your attention I'm going to sit down now and take your questions from the table but I look forward to our discussion. Thank you very very much. Thank you very much Ambassador Gautamuller. As the ambassador said she is willing to take questions and these can be on the record perhaps the questioners could identify themselves and as they as they put the questions. Ronan and Valerie. Thank you. First of all I must acknowledge that the chairperson said that I can understand why you would call UN resolution 1325 a a seminal moment in the history of the UN as I've studied 1325 but I would put it to you and I really welcome the opportunity to put it to someone so senior in NATO as well that Syria uniquely illustrates that 1325 well it certainly has generated not a fanfare in the breach it might as well not exist and I put it to you that really if we are to see respect for women and in Syria we see women raped we see women slaughtered in fact when I was making the recent film I'll do another one now on Syria I was quite shocked to discover that it's safer for women at home with children or sorry it's safer on the front line than in their own home is the way in which for example barrel bombs were deployed in Syria but that's just one example it has done nothing to advance security and that really we have to be looking at a much more fundamental new paradigm that places greater emphasis on human rights because obviously women can only play their role in peacekeeping can only play their role in a security situation where they are protected and this is where the notion of human security comes in and this as you uniquely would be aware of what that means in practice that I would put it to you that really until we prioritize that we're wasting our time talking about any impact 1325 can have in these terrible situations you also alluded to thank you ambassador I think Valerie will probably talk about Syria as well yeah it's just to add to that thank you very much thank you ambassador it was just to ask you as well specifically ambassador about the UN board of inquiry that NATO has asked mr Guterres Antonio Guterres the UN secretary general to name the actual to do an investigation into the bombing of hospitals specifically in Syria and NATO has requested this is one of the groups who has requested Antonio Guterres but it's it's um even though it has requested this NATO doesn't seem to provide the tracking reports because as mr bronc of the Russi Royal United Services Institute has indicated NATO would be well aware of the Russian planes taking off and where they are exactly and they have asked the Syria group in the UK have provided a Syria briefing for the UK parliament and they have asked specifically that NATO would not withhold the tracking information from the inquiry because the inquiry it was withheld under Obama in three years ago today September at this time in September three years ago today a UN assisted aid convoy was bombed for four hours and at that time the information tracking information was withheld even though a US defense commander did speak out straight after the killing to the washington post and said clearly russia had been involved with any backtrack thank you very much thank you yes let me take these on first of all i want to say straight out that NATO per se is not involved in Syria and of course we follow closely developments there because we are concerned we have a NATO ally adjacent a neighbor of Syria and that is Turkey and there are NATO allies who are involved in Turkey I'm sorry in Syria Turkey is among them the United States is another so we pay attention to what is occurring there I would say as a as a general matter that we are very concerned about the the overall threats to human rights that occur in these terrible conflicts in these conflict zones because at the at the heart of what NATO is about it is these international values embedded in the Washington treaty which every NATO ally signs up to when they become NATO members are the values that are incorporated into the UN Charter so it is truly part of of our DNA to be concerned thank you very much I think it's nearly 20 years since 1325 was negotiated progress has been very slow when you could say and it's nice to hear you saying good things about Ireland but would you say that that was equally true of the majority of UN member states it's a time to move beyond 1325 the title is the resilience of 1325 has it been resilient or is it a case of the those who who are most active in its negotiation having a strong commitment but the rest just floating away those experience where we have a broad variety of NATO members we have NATO members who have been there since NATO was created after world war two to begin to take on the threats that emerged after the iron curtain came down and so NATO began with its original members in 1949 and then we have member states who are members of the Warsaw Pact and came into NATO after the wall came down in 1989 so we have a broad spectrum of NATO members what I can tell you is that 1325 has enabled us to get everybody on the same page at least in acknowledging the issues and understanding the issues and being willing to sign up to an action plan being willing to sign up to certain norms and certain values and that I think in itself is important because the next step then has and I tried to indicate in my remarks the next step has to be to put in place not only the policy that's very pretty thank you very much but if the policy is not being implemented what good is it so the next phase which we are embarked on now is with an implementation plan in place to really work hard on implementation and monitor that implementation to ensure again across the broad spectrum of allies we are getting results that's going to be difficult because again broad range of allies different points of view different cultures different histories it's going to be difficult but I think it's a I think it's a long slog frankly and again I would not criticize 1325 because it has not produced at this point in its history perfect exalt results but I do think it's been a very valuable tool because I can see that in NATO thank you next is come and yes I know we have three or four more questions so we'll get we'll get around come thank you very much deputy secretary general for a very insightful talk um you said something earlier and it struck a chord to me just in terms of NATO and UN approaches to the whole area of women peace and security um in my experience I've been involved in training and instructing personnel both NATO personnel and UN personnel where this area has has encroached has has uh become part of we'll say tactics techniques and procedures at the at that level one of the things I found was within NATO a nearly all NATO troop contributing nations have some sort of training that percolates down to the to tune commander and and below that's not the case with the UN sometimes it gets stuck at brigade level and doesn't go any further and certainly doesn't become an apparent thing to the troops at the operational level and secondly even when it does the big difference I found between NATO and UN policy on this NATO tended to instruct troops about looking at women who are caught up in conflict not just as victims but as potential key interlocutors operational aids to getting into a community to be guides into a community that certainly wasn't the case within the UN I think that's a big loss and I just wonder what your thoughts are on that and how that could be dealt with appropriately yes I actually have been very pleased that several of our interlocutors here in Dublin have made that point and I've been pleased to hear it frankly and my colleague James Mackie has reminded me frankly that back when we did have a combat mission in in Afghanistan that ended in 2014 ISAF we did have women working women you know military working in the various units who were going out to the field and they became very important as trusted interlocutors with the local Afghan population particularly the women and therefore were helping to have a better understanding of what was going on on the ground so they became very valuable in an operational sense so I do think that it's important to bear in mind that experience I think has informed NATO's reflecting on it just in the last 24 hours that experience has informed NATO's attitudes and frankly I have also just become aware I think of the degree to which there is a differential there with other organizations such as the UN I will say that in the last couple of years we've developed very good working relationships not only with the European Union which has blossomed but also with the United Nations with much more interaction specifically on 1325 these are flagship areas of cooperation not only with the EU but also with the UN so that I hope we can translate some of the experience we have had in the last decade in a way that will be meaningful to the peacekeeping organizations in those two institutions and that we perhaps can help to inform them in a way that will get it down below that level to be more effective on the ground and certainly once again we will be very much valuing the experience of Ireland and helping to do that in other settings I know you obviously work with the UN as well as with the EU also so perhaps we can make some common cause in that regard I hope we can as the country with the longest experience of peacekeeping in the whole of the UN on Birken we have another question here and then we'll let the back and then host hi thank you very much thank you for an interesting talk Katrina Dyed from Dublin City University I wanted to perhaps take a slightly more positive view on 1325 because you mentioned that it's one of many instruments but as the chair mentioned it's perhaps unique among UN resolutions and having generated so much momentum and those of us who might look at other resolutions around IHL or human rights and humanitarian crises might despair at how they have been left on the shelf in a way that for its faults or its shortcomings 1325 has not and I wondered if from an organizational perspective if you could speak to what you see as the key features or the key aspects of 1325 or mobilisation around 1325 that have contributed to that momentum that is an excellent question and I think it's just stubborn energy from some key actors in NATO I will name for one your ambassador to the EU and representative to NATO Ambassador Helen Nolan who's here with us today partners push NATO on this matter we also have a number I mentioned the the fact that a third of our ambassadors at NATO now are women but it's not only the women around the North Atlantic Council table who push this but also a number of a number of our ambassadors the ambassador of Norway for example Norway has been a very staunch supporter of advancing 1325 so it's a matter of national commitment I think sometimes it's a matter of personal commitment among our allied ambassadors but mostly that personal commitment is linked back to a strong national commitment and I could name also the Netherlands the UK for example very strong pushes from several directions in NATO so it's a kind of cussed cussedness a kind of stubbornness to push the issue forward that I think has been very very good for NATO per se I can only speak for for the experience of my institution frankly when I arrived in 2016 three years ago the issue was still a bit adrift we had our nice action plan from 2007 but it wasn't being implemented and we've been joking the last two days as I've been here that it was always at the bottom of the list you'd go through your talking points for the ministerial and no support for WPS 1325 was always at the bottom of the list I've been gratified to see as these three years have gone on that it's becoming more you know up the list of priorities to be pursued and associated with operational effectiveness and that's the key it has to have for NATO is a defensive alliance it has to have some sense of a utility to our missions and operations and so I think that recognition it's been slow and coming but but is starting to develop more and that's an important factor as well thank you yes and you have the microphones coming in thank you my name is Anastacia Crickty I'm an activist one-time academic but I was also a member of the steering group for the last women's peace and security action plan Irish action plan and thank you for your address I think it's been very useful I particularly like your integration and inclusiveness and integrity framework and I'm building a little bit on the question with regard to 1325 affairs gone and also building on all the time and earlier and emancipation of the human rights frame I wonder would you agree that perhaps an intersectional approach rather than trying to change 1325 but by now globally we have the instruments that we need to create the conditions for full integration of women's peace and security mechanisms and two things I would just like to suggest you one is an intersectional approach with the human rights treaty quality framework on UN in particular what other regions other regional institutions as well to think of it for example unconscious Liberia's country I'm quite familiar with unconscious of the extent to which perhaps a discrimination against minority women there can create a particular role and how they were able to engage in peace and security mechanisms there and how perhaps other forms of discrimination against women which are addressed in that framework and in regional framework support of the African Union perhaps and and then on the other side as well I really liked your thought about monitoring implementation with monitoring it seems to me though that perhaps another turn there needs to be about not just output but also monitoring for impact and doing it within a way that's gender sensitive and focuses on the impact for women at all stages in the process thank you yes that's a very good point you know I'm very much a pragmatist in my approach to things and how I think about this is that we are we are building also on accumulated experience the Northern Ireland peace process is one area of accumulated experience where the role of women was extraordinarily important I had the good fortune to sit down with and have dinner with a number of women last evening who had been involved in different aspects of the peace process and it came home to me how much work has been done here I knew that for a fact but just understanding the depth and breadth of the work that had and the experience accumulated here in the process of coming coming to to peace that's and then the continuing issues that that must be tackled so it's not like it's a a quiescent issue it's an active issue that that has to have constant attention so that's a good example and then you know the different peace processes that have been more or less successful I had the good fortune this week to meet with the woman who was the chief negotiator in the Philippines peace process with the Islamic group there and her very strong commitment to the notion that women negotiators play a special role because they can they can diffuse a situation at a negotiating table where a man might decide he has to get up and walk out they'll perhaps be a bit more patient or figure out a way to to talk to the next stage you know and to me all of that accumulated experience I could mention Colombia again I could mention what went on in Sri Lanka years ago these more or less successful peace processes going forward have presented us with enough practical examples that that's where I see we we need to examine them and I know many people in the academic community here in Ireland are doing so we have to examine them and think about what the lessons learned are and try to build build out from there so I think perhaps your your thought about approaches which would be in the realm of high policy perhaps in the UN setting could be very valuable as well I can't comment on that but I I do see the value of of building out from the pragmatic progress that has been made in the last two decades thank you Horst and I'm with you Horst for my NATO officer my name is Horst Siedlach I'm a German citizen and I spent 12 years in your own internet quarters and military and severe diplomatic positions very good to meet you I have one observation and two passions okay observation of the Indian environment you got a civilian post to the international staff at that time already woodmen boards were encouraged to the women in business and they had to compete with young female academics and people of us they were only managed to get away from the stereotype at the time gray the tired male because I didn't have too much gray hairs at that time but my question is more related to your own professional background beyond of your achievements in promoting the case of him the first question is INF in the Netherlands nuclear treaty which has been answered now from US and Russia what is NATO going to do to challenge the Russian position without embarking in another arms place which would have a lot of problems the second question looking to the future what what what country might be the next they remember Georgia or Finland surprises well that second one is easy to answer because we know that Georgia is actually an aspiring country that was embraced at the Bucharest summit meeting now over a decade ago and it still remains on that list because the Georgians have clearly expressed a desire to join NATO NATO has accepted that fact embrace that fact Georgia has a distance to go still we are in fact we're just about to take a trip to Georgia in a couple weeks I'm leading the North Atlantic Council in the first few days of October to Georgia to to review with them their progress so far but they've still got some work to do on reform and frankly we at NATO are a little bit concerned about some of the backsliding on reform watching what's been happening with a judiciary there and so forth so we'll be very keen to talk with the Georgian leadership about how they see the reform prognosis at the moment so Georgia is already an aspiring it's it's expressed its desire to join NATO and NATO allies are ready to work with it on that aspiration Finland has not Finland has long embraced its neutrality Finland and again it's a matter also for each each government to consider what public opinion is public opinion in Finland does not stand up for NATO membership so we feel quite comfortable with that we have a number of partners including Ireland who are neutral they don't ever want to join NATO but we work very closely with them nevertheless so that question is easy to answer actually I think the INF treaty question is rather easy to answer as well if if you're not familiar with this issue the intermediate range nuclear forces treaty has been in existence since the late 1980s it banned all nuclear and conventional intermediate range ground launched systems in Europe those or globally rather those are missiles in the range from 500 kilometers to 5500 kilometers so it's quite a wide range of missiles the Russians developed a new missile called in NATO parlance the SSC8 and they began deploying it some years ago I worked hard as a US diplomat before I took the job at NATO to try to get them to back away from that program to eliminate the missiles and remain compliant with the INF treaty the trump administration did the same they refused to come back into compliance with the treaty so a treaty that's been hollowed out because one side is not implementing it anymore does not serve anybody's security so that is why NATO supported the United States when in august it decided to leave the INF treaty now what are we going to do next as always in the context of deterrence and defense but also dialogue NATO is working on a dual track first of all we do have a package of options that we are looking at that are defensive in nature they are in line with international law and they are certainly I think very judicious in our approach first of all looking at better integrated air and missile defense looking at resilience how we ensure you know despite facing this this new threat from Russia that that our forces will be resilient in spite of it better intelligence and warning more training and exercises so we understand how to handle the threat as it is looking at the resilience of also NATO's dual capable aircraft mission which is our nuclear mission but one thing I want to stress and this is an important message for this audience as well NATO has no intention of deploying new ground launched intermediate range nuclear missiles in Europe so this is not a replay of the dual track decision from from 1987 it's or it was made earlier and then it was brought to its close by the 1987 entry into force of INF that debate in the late 70s into the 1980s about you know the deployment of Soviet missiles at that time the SS 20 and then NATO deployed the so-called Pershing to and and Glickum's the ground launch cruise missiles to respond to that was a huge debate inside NATO it proved to be effective in terms of leveraging the Soviets to the negotiating table but we're not seeing a replay of that now we have no intention of deploying new nuclear missiles in Europe period and so I think we have to be judicious about our response and we also have to work the other side of the ledger the arms control side of the ledger and so we are looking for ways to also bring the Russians to the negotiating table but possibly others as well the administration in Washington has taken note that the Chinese are deploying a large number of such missiles out in Asia can we look at ways to bring them and other countries who deploy such missiles in South Asia the Indians and Pakistanis DPRK well we're dealing with them in another setting Iran clearly has some very effective missiles now so are there ways to work this issue more broadly as well but but NATO is contributing to that that strand of work as well and we'll continue to do so we will always be committed to the dialogue track as well as to deterrence and defense thank you very much must I will leave the last question to the chief of defense yeah mark myles i'm the chief of defense just to reinforce how important 1325 is to us in terms of defense forces shaping in terms of how we develop as an organization you know is clear to us that improving gender balance institutionalizing a gender perspective and empowerment of women is critical to our capability and in fact right now it's a risk issue for us because we're not making the progress we'd like and we look in terms of where we deliver services internationally wherever the gender gap is greatest interstate and interstate conflict is greatest and that's why you know when we send our troops abroad we ensure that the train is right that the gender advisers are there and we go in with that perspective but I suppose one mission that we did spend quite a long time 15 years ago 15 years in was in Afghanistan and as I look now towards the peace and reconciliation is there I worry because when I look at the gender gap indices and I look where Afghanistan is and I know there is been some progress but still it is not reflecting very well and I would be concerned that perhaps a change in regime and a change in institutions would perhaps cause a slippage in terms of rather than progressing on that gender gap index it actually would begin to widen again and I wonder would you have any comments on that? This is a question that has been widely discussed around the North Atlantic Council table all of the allies are concerned that whatever peace and reconciliation process emerges in Afghanistan that the primary objective must be to sustain the constitutional gains of the last of the last two decades and that means ensuring also that women and girls can be educated ensuring that women and girls their rights are respected ensuring that we don't fall into the morass that we experienced again when everything fell apart two decades ago so I think for the NATO allies this issue will be front and center as we I hope are able to move into a peace and reconciliation process in in Afghanistan so we will really want to look again at not only practical ways to preserve those gains but also recognizing that it is against the backdrop of profound pressures to perhaps move backwards and and I think we're all going to have to bear that in mind. Thank you very much to all the questioners and to the chief of the peninsula and particularly to you for your generosity not only in your remarks but in answering the many and varied questions we have. I think you've left us with the feeling that there is a strong commitment in NATO to implementing the 1325 not just talking about it it is moving up the agenda. I think probably what is important in terms of seeing practical results on the ground is is gender advisers in military missions. I think we have noted that where this has been the case in missions we've been involved and there is somebody who is at the front line keeping an eye on it and it's not just a commitment that isn't isn't backed up. I think in answer to your second last question to Horst you really opened a huge other debate in terms of the challenges that are in the world and that could take us for many more hours but it does leave us with the consciousness that the insecurity that is involved but also the challenge that as you said 50% of the world's population needs to be brought in to defend the values that NATO, EU and the UN hold very closely. So thank you so much for your participation. We wish you a very well for the future and I really appreciate your coming. Must be a very busy time for you so thank you again.


Thank you all very much for having me speak today. WordCamp Dayton in 2015 was actually my very first WordCamp ever. At the time I was the happiest engineer for automatic and budding front-end developer and was just kind of getting thrown into how great WordPress was. And this event in 2015 really was a turning point to realize exactly how important the community is in WordPress and how much the community drives the future of the web. And it was a life-changing event without hyperbole. So thank you all very much for having me in the community and I'm really excited to now get to speak at this great event. So my talk today is Blazantly Fast Freedom, which is a very silly phrase that I've been thinking about for several months. Which is basically using headless WordPress and GatsbyJS. If you want to follow the kind of folks that like to go along with everything you can go to wcdatant2019.alexjagustin.tech. It's these exact slides. That's what I'm running off of. Hope it doesn't crash. Let's see how it goes. Essentially what we're going to go through is discuss what this idea of running headless WordPress with Gatsby is. Doing a quick setup of what it will look like in the end. A few pointers on how you can get started with Gatsby once you have that project running. And a lot to consider that you can then just take this on your own projects going forward if you want. Can I just get a quick show of hands in the room? How many folks in here would identify as a developer? Good. This is definitely a topic that we could do for six hours instead of 30 minutes. And I'm not going to be going that deep into it. This is going to be a, hey, if this sounds like what you want to get into, hopefully it's a good starting point and then you can go off to the races yourself. And if it seems like it's not for you, it's probably not. This is either something that it's been polarizing for a lot of folks. Either it's like, this is a great opportunity and I really want to learn how to do this. Or it's a, you know what, not for me. And we'll see who you are at the end of the talk. But we'll just get started with this. So first off is just what is this blazingly fast freedom? And in short, the freedom part is WordPress. And that's why we're here. That's why this is a WordCamp talk. There's a reason why WordPress is a third of the web. Because when you and I and the rest of the community contribute to WordPress, we're doing it with the idea of freeing up and empowering content creators in mind. WordPress always should be made with the idea of allowing freedom across the web for everybody. The mission of WordPress is democratizing publishing. And Matt recently published that an update to what that mission means to him in 2018. It means that people of all backgrounds, interests and abilities should be able to access free as in speech software that empowers them to express themselves on the open web and to own their content. So long as we are developing sites with that freedom in mind, I think it is a great thing for everyone, and it's certainly among the goal of WordPress. Interesting, though, there is nothing here that says, by golly, we should use PHP templates. There's nothing here that says, by golly, it should all be in one WordPress repo every time, and that's the way it should be done. That's not what the point of WordPress is. The point of WordPress is freedom and empowerment is not about any particular technology stack. With that in mind, there is a tool that, as I was learning JavaScript deeply, I kind of fell in love with, and a lot of the JavaScript community is falling in love with, called Gatsby.js. And of the Blazingly Fast Freedom, Gatsby is the Blazingly Fast part. If you go to gatsbyjs.org, they say Blazing Fast Sites. I like adverbs, so I go Blazingly. That's just the way I go. But all Gatsby.js really is, is a static site generator. You can use any kind of data you want. You can even use markdown files on your local computer, but you can develop a site with Gatsby, and it will fetch data. It will do transformations. You can use NPM packages. You can do whatever you want. But in the end, it's going to spit out static files. And if you think about it, if you had a quest to make the fastest site possible, you could. If I say you have to have some JavaScript, some CSS, but you have to give you a website, what would you do to make it as fast as possible? Well, one, I might try to make it as small as possible. What if I could just have an index.html file that has some inline script tag at the bottom that does a console log. It has an inline style tag at the top that just has a tiny little bit, and it will run. Great. Now it's really stinking fast. I can put it up on a server. I can put a CDN in front of it. That one static file doesn't take hardly anything from our web server to load, right? We all agree there. Static file is pretty awesome. As soon as you have 500 of them, man, static files are not fun. And that's why we've kind of gone through this evolution over the last couple decades of CMSs, of all these different frameworks of making, letting servers generate these pages for us as opposed to managing files. Gatsby is kind of this play of what's now being called the Jamstack, JavaScript, APIs, and Markup. But this is a server-side-reader approach. We're going to that Jamstack application, but all we really want is a bunch of static files at the end. So if you're using Gatsby theoretically, you could just run it all on your computer, run Gatsby build on your computer, push all those files up into any server you want, and it's going to work great. But if you stop there, it's what are you going to do whenever you want to add more data? You're going to have to open up your project again. You have to be a developer to do this stuff. That is not empowering. Knowing that you have to be part of a JavaScript community, that you have to be identified as a developer, you have to use a text editor, and get and all this stuff, that's not empowering at all. So even the Gatsby folks, when they were looking to make this tool, the reason it came about was they looked at three things that on the web were evolving very rapidly. Headless CMSs, modern development tools, and the need for website performance. As more people around the globe need to access websites and they may or may not have great connections to do it, the need to be able to load the website fast and more valuable to them, and therefore more and more valuable to the people that are needing to serve them. There's more and more developers that are trying to create more and more sites. We need a great developer experience when we're making them. And there's still content creators that need to edit that content, that need to be able to manage it, that don't have the technological expertise to be making the sites the way a developer does. So what's in the middle? And Gatsby is trying to be that tool that is helping all three of them connect. This is Dome Little World. It's a completely different community from WordPress, but I think WordPress fits very nicely on the Headless CMS side of this stack. There's a lot of people in the Gatsby world will go to things like using Sanity or Contentful, and there's something wrong with any of those. I uniquely feel that WordPress has the motivations of content creators in mind more than anybody because of that mission of freedom, that mission of empowerment, that when changes are made to WordPress, I'm making sure content creators are getting the best experience possible. And if that means that I have to develop my modern tools in a way that adopts for that, great. I want that burden on me as a developer. So that's why I started thinking about this stack has blazingly fast freedom because I get all the blazingly fast stuff of Gatsby. I get the freedom of WordPress and I get to spread that message around and something I really believe in and something that I think is really great for the world. But in the end it boils down to using WordPress and using Gatsby. That's blazingly fast freedom. So now we're just going to do a simple what this basically looks like. If you're of the camp that wants to follow along I've already got an example site up that's running it's not beautiful. The intent was not to be beautiful, it would be like what you can get at in one session if you want to start running this up yourself. But the goal of this setup is Gatsby is basically your project that you're going to be working on and it's going to talk to a live WordPress site. And that WordPress site is meant for holding data. It's meant for your content creators to go in and add a blog post, edit a blog post, add a page, edit a page, delete a page. If you want to do all that stuff that we do in the back end of WordPress but we're not going to use the theme template hierarchy. We don't have to use the theme at all. We're going to use Gatsby to make that front end instead. So start with you're going to want to install WordPress. You can do this on your local machine for the sake of an example or somewhere. For ease of making sure this is all wrapped up in your mind, I like putting it on a subdome. So my example that I've got is going to be on wp.widget.pet Widget is my dog. She loves WordPress too. So right now I've got the site up and it's just running 2019. It's just stock. It's got some blog posts. It's got some pages. Nothing crazy going on there. But I'm just going to use it for the data and I'm just going to talk to it through the rest API. You can host this WordPress site anywhere. Put it on any server you want. You can do WordPress.com even. I would avoid using any plugins until you start getting rolling, particularly if it's not about storing data. So the way you will in plugin I would allow is or you can do whatever you want to your site. I don't have to allow anything. But advanced custom builds is pretty useful with doing this stuff. And I'll show you something that you can turn off. You can use advanced custom builds. But then something like a form builder is maybe not going to be as useful. We're not using the WordPress right then. So I'm probably going to set up a form on my own in my Gatsby project. So step one, set up WordPress. Host it somewhere. Step two is getting your Gatsby development environment running. Node, MPM, and Git. All pretty standard for doing development work. If you've not gotten used to using Node, MPM, and Git, this is not the talk to walk through that. If you click this documentation link, though, that will point you to the Gatsby CLI section. It's actually part of a long tutorial of all of this. So if you've never installed Node, never installed MPM, you can still walk through that. Essentially, there's command line tools to get things running on your computer. And then Git is version control. But you're going to want running because we're going to use a Git repo in the cloud. Gatsby CLI, though, probably not everybody has going. So there's a couple of ways that you can use it. One is to install it globally. You can get it off MPM, Gatsby, and CLI. Or you can use MPX, now that that's a thing. And that's going to give you a couple of new command lines, commands. Gatsby new, Gatsby develop, and Gatsby built. That's to create a new Gatsby project. Kind of like how you might create a new Create React app project. To start up your development environment where you get local host hot reloading and it'll do all your queries and it'll update, as you update data, it'll go ahead and update your development screen for you. It's pretty sweet. And Gatsby built. That actual process of making all your static files that you can then push up to a server somewhere. Once you have all four of those running, the same way you might need to pick a theme in WordPress, you're going to pick a starter in Gatsby. It's not quite exactly the same thing, but this is all your boilerplate code. It's just what gets you going. There are starters that do nothing but print hello world out to the page, and then you can do it all yourself, but the file structure is there for you. This is a good starter to go with just for this talk. That's what I use for my example site, only because they have already printed a lot of stuff out of the box that will talk to your WordPress site if you just give it the URL, grab all the pages, grab all the posts, grab all the categories, do all that stuff for you, and it's a great example of how to get started with this stack. So let's even look at this for a moment. This is the Gatsby starter library. So in the end, once we get this all rolling, you're basically going to end up with a site like this, where it's going to grab all the pages from your WordPress and spit it out into a navigation. It'll grab all your latest posts and put in a blog-like layout. The way you would get it going is running Gatsby new. Again, that's after you have Gatsby CLI installed, the name of your project, and employing the source of this starter. You can choose any starter you want once you're comfortable with all this. This is just a good starter for now, and it's what I've got my example site using. One nitpick for the starter, though, is on that WordPress site you set up, you have to make sure you have at least one post, and at least one post needs to have a tag on it. I don't know why the tag thing, but just the transformer they built, you can do that. Make sure you leave the starter post on there and add a tag to it. Then when you run the starter, you'll be gold. Once you have your development environment set up, you're going to open up one of the files in the root directory called gatsbyconfig.js. Kind of like WPconfig in a standard WordPress site. This is all the stuff that Gatsby needs just to even get running. When you add plugins, what to talk about in a second, you're going to add those in here. The way this starter already has a bunch of plugins running already, it definitely changes the base URL. In this case, I put in my WordPress site to wp.widget.pet. You put in wherever you've installed your WordPress site. If you're hosting it on WordPress.com, just set that to true. If you're using advanced custom builds, set that to true. The starter will then kick off from there. The config is something you're going to be editing as you add more plugins and new features later on, but this is just to get you started. Once you have that, you're here at that point. You can run gatsby develop. All the build processes will kick in. It'll give you a local host URL that you can work on. Just look at this example. After that, you want to put it up to GitHub. If you want to, you can get a bit bucket of those fine too. In this world, GitHub is kind of the standard. A lot of the hosts that specialize in helping with gatsby tools have a lot more integrations with GitHub. Just kind of the way to go. If you want to check out my example site one, it is there. You're going to want to have a continuous integration. Here's what I mean by that. If you were to just build all the files on your computer, you could put all of them into an Amazon S3 bucket and just storage. You can point your domain to that S3 bucket and it'll all work. It'll be great. What happens then if you make a new blog post on your WordPress site? You have to open up your computer. You have to run gatsby build. You have to push all those files back up to S3 again. Ain't nobody got time for that. The right way, which is we're going to tell a server, hey, whenever I tell you to run this gatsby build, push all that and we're going to serve all that stuff out. Every time we need to change it, we're going to change it. You can do this in an infinite number of ways, an infinite number of services. You can roll your own if you want. The website of this example site is using a host called Netlify, which is basically a host and continuous integration bundled all in one. They give you a webhook where you can trigger that build process from anywhere you want. It'll also connect to a GitHub repo, so any time you change that repo, it'll update. With that in mind, on your WordPress site, you're going to want to add a deploy plugin. Some way that your content creator can make changes, trigger a deploy, and it will tell your host to run that gatsby build process. This is the wild rest right now. There's maybe a dozen or so plugins, if you search around on GitHub, that will accomplish something of this nature. I don't like any of them. I like building my own, and I don't like any of those either, so I'm not going to recommend them to my own. This is the one that I actually use when I'm doing this, particularly because it works really well with Netlify. It kind of follows the give you a big button approach. Whenever you're in WordPress and I add a new post, or I edit a post, or I add a new page, or I delete something, after I've done all my stuff that I want to do, I can just do one big deploy, push the build site button, and it'll hook up to my Netlify after I give it all my information. So with that in mind, let's actually just give it a try for a second. So this is the current build. Oh my gosh, it's not what to look at, because this is just what the starter gave me. I didn't add any extra styles or anything like that. I changed out all the names of the developer that created the starter just to make it good dog widget, the name of the site instead. But you can see that it's loads really snappy, and that's really the advantage of using gatsby, is this quick performance everywhere. But then on the WP side, it looks completely different because this is running 2019. I could port over all those styles into here and try to make it match as close as possible, but the point is it really doesn't matter what's running on your WordPress site, because we're not going to use this front end at all. In a real production situation, I'd actually just adjust my theme that if anyone ends up looking at this site, I'm going to forward them onto my real gatsby site. But just for trying out something, let's add a new page. Cool, so I published this page, nothing's going to happen yet because I have to deploy this out. So I'm going to go to my deploy, and I'm going to hit build site. I've already done all the stuff that will connect this to my Netlify hosting, and it's currently building. So on this side, I've found it's taking about a minute or so to build. So while that goes, here's what it would look like on the Netlify end. So if you use a different host, or if you roll your own, obviously this could look a little differently, but the idea is, I can trigger any number of deploys I want from WordPress, and on my hosting it'll update. It'll run that gatsby build process to serve up the new files instead, purge all the caches, all that stuff. If I did any change to my GitHub repo, if I changed the template, I added a new class, and I was watching on a massive branch, and it was rebuild then. So any time either developer or content creator is making a change, it's just automatically rebuilding all the site for me. Pretty cool. So I get all the advantages of that static build just by adding some processes, isn't it? Cool. So now that was a success, so that took a little less than a minute maybe, and let's just refresh, and there's how you work camp dating. New, big deal. Right? Now, that is still not a zero amount of time, and as the site gets bigger, it might take a little more. I would say on a typical WordPress site, if you're thinking just like a blogger, we're going to have updating a new blog post every day or so, it would not be strange to me if this build time gets more to five or six minutes instead of a minute. On a really quick site, if you're hitting a private API and it's really nicely made, it might be more like 20 seconds. But that's going to be one of the determinations of whether or not this stack is actually a good fit for you. If you're running TechCrunch and you're having new articles come out every 30 seconds from a billion different authors, that rebuild is going to take longer than it takes to keep updating the content. All of a sudden, it's not worth that time. I'd rather have that 30 seconds of the article being up than waiting for it to rebuild again, because I've got other tools too, right? There's other stacks available. But this is one of the quirks of GACPy is having to trigger that rebuild, but you get all the performance benefits afterwards. My general rule of thumb has been, if it's something that's going to update irregularly or only a couple of times a day, this is a really great thing to reach for. But yeah, that's essentially what we're looking at. So I was using Netlify as the host there. You can really host these GACPy sites anywhere. They're going to run fast on anything because it's just static pages. It's hard to make them run slow, really. So what you're going to want to make your choices of where to host is, is based on that continuous integration. How much of that work are you excited to do on your own, versus how much do you want another host that's kind of in this world to do it for you? And it's kind of developing. This is going to look like the Wild West kind of area right now. So this is a lot of great docs. I think a lot of people are kind of going towards either Netlify or to doing AWS, if you're going to be doing a lot of other Lambda functions and stuff like that. That's just kind of my read on the situation. Okay, so we have our WordPress site. That's running that we're just using for holding and fetching data. We have our GACPy site that's reading all that stuff. What is it actually like to be working in this? Well, if you're used to making a React application, it kind of feels the same. So for example, this is the template that's going to run for any given page. Whenever GACPy builds, it's going through and fetching everything in the API. It's going to create a new page for all pages it finds. And it's going to throw all that into the context of this template. And this is a very simple template because it just does in class names, but this is just a very typical Reacty feel of JSX. So anything you want to do in Reacty, basically you can just go for it at this point in GACPy. But I want to go through some of the kind of GACPy quirks and fundamentals. So when making a React application, you're going to be used to using Yarn or MPM to add in modules all the time, right?  The quirk about this in GACPy is, so many of the things that GACPy will do for you for these performance applications happen during that build step. So when GACPy does push up the file, it comes with a React runtime. So you can use almost any module you would use in a React application. But if it's something that's going to be about transforming that data or working with the data, you want to look for a GACPy analogous plugin to go along with it. So for instance, if you're using React Helmet, there's also a GACPy React Helmet that you want to configure into your project. And the way that it looks like is, in that GACPy config file, you'll find an array of plugins. A lot of the plugins are just going to be those one-liners naming what the module name is, and then you get that module's features. Great. Some of them are a little more complex, but you also have to pass in options. So for example, that GACPy source WordPress we were looking at, it's not enough just to have that one line of GACPy source WordPress, we have to resolve that, and then also pass in the object of options for the base URL, whether it's hosting on WordPress.com or not, whether it's using advanced custom fields or not. Different plugins are just going to have different amounts of complexity there. But that's something you're going to have to get used to is as you find a new module that you want to use, make advantage of it, is adding into your GACPy config if you're in your local event, development server, trigger rebuild, watching for it when it goes to production. There are a couple of phrases when you're looking at plugins that you're going to find, source plugins. It basically just means this is a plugin that's intention is to fetch data from somewhere. So GACPy source WordPress is a plugin, but it's a plugin that's meant about getting the data out of the WordPress API. A transform plugin is a plugin to be used usually in coordination with some particular source plugin, where after we've gotten that data, how does GACPy expect it to be formatted and put it into all the magic that it's going to do? To be honest, there's great documentation on how to author source plugins to transform plugins. It is not something I've gotten into very much yet, so if you're expecting to have that magic revealed, I'm sorry, I'm just not ready for it. But that's something you're going to run into a lot as you're searching through plugins. If you find source or transform in there, that's all it's referring to. So GraphQL, again, another topic that would be great for a workshop or a few hour long talk. We're not going to get too much of the weeds on it, but you're going to see it a lot as you're going to GACPy because it's the query language that is actually how GACPy is managing data. We'll talk in a second how you don't actually have to use GraphQL, but most of the starters that you're going to be downloading are going to be using it. So for example, if we keep looking at that, paste the JS, this is actually at the very bottom of the file. But this is our GraphQL query. The idea of it is it looks kind of like JSON, but it's not JSON, it's just how GraphQL query language works. But the goal of this is to, when I run my query for a WordPress page, I want the title and the content and only the title and the content. When we're working with the REST API, we're hitting our endpoint and we're going to get back way more information that we need and then it's up to us to kind of map through it and find what we want and spit it out. The goal of GraphQL is to have no over-fetching at all. And it works really well during this build process because we are essentially doing that over-fetching first when it's not affecting our user at all. It's doing over-fetching during the build, sorting down to exactly what we want, and then it's easy to make the templates work nicely. So you're going to run into those GraphQL queries and you might be asking yourself, well that's great, it looks for something straightforward to get a WordPress page, buy an ID, and receive its title and content, but how in the heck did you know to make that query like that? Well the good news is your Gatsby project ships with GraphQL, which is an ID for how you can search out and find these GraphQL queries. Once you have your source plugins running and it's fetching this information, you restart your develop server, one of the links that Gatsby develop will give you is a link to your GraphQL where as you try out queries on the left panel, you'll get the definitions of how those queries work on the right and then you can test them out and see examples of what you'd get. So for example, if I just started off with a query that's looking for WordPress page, I would get all these definitions on the right for WordPress page and I would say, oh I don't have to just get title and ID, I can also get the date, I can get the type, I can get the content, the excerpt, its parent, its ping status if I want to check for that, and I can put all those in my query. So then I updated my query on the left to not just be title and ID, but then date and slug and status and type. On that page.js, it has, there's kind of a context to this template of passing an ID into it, so when it's running this query, it's looking for only a WordPress page where its ID is equal to the ID we're passing. So for the heck of getting a nice result here on the right, I passed in the exact idea of that about widget page. I can see exactly what we can get. If I want to query data on my template, I know what happens when I go to data WordPress page title ID date and if I ever just want to never have data, I can keep my code really clear by never querying for date. So again, GraphQL kind of its own budding world that Gatsby just makes use of. You're going to run into it a lot though as you try out a bunch of different Gatsby starters or make use of source plugins. That's kind of the default in Gatsby world. But if you don't want to use GraphQL, you can always use unstructured data, which is basically just a fancy way of saying you can fetch data however you want it and there's an API for creating pages. Normally in Gatsby, if you have a file in the pages directory, then it'll create a page for all of those. But whenever we're fetching from outside of Tor, so we're using this create pages API to pass a context to a template and spit it out for as many pages as we need. And with that in mind, why can't we do that with the WordPress API? That's what this starter is actually doing. It's actually doing the REST API and turning it into GraphQL so that you can use a GraphQL query. You could have just as easily skipped that GraphQL stuff. You can query the REST API on your own and just get an array of posts and map through them and use this create pages API on your own. So whenever you're working with a private API or if you're just wanting to get used to Gatsby the first time and not learn GraphQL to use Gatsby, unstructured data is a really great way to do that. And this page is a really good approach for it. It uses the Pokemon API, so it's a lot of fun to work through. Links. One of the great things about Gatsby is that it does prefetching based on intersection observers. So whenever it will not prefetch a pages link to until the link is on the page and even then it has like a hierarchical sense of which links are more important. So something that waits until you're actually hovering over. But it's really great that as soon as the user is hovering over a link, it starts prefetching that page because it's a good chance you're going to be loading that page soon. One of the ways it does that though is with this link component. Anything that's internal to your site instead of using an A with an href, use a link with a capital L and put it on the route and Gatsby will do some magic with this. If you use an anchor tag like normal, it will still work. That's what you should do for external links. But Gatsby does some great stuff with link. So yeah, from there on out, just treat it like a React app. You can do components, do nested components, you can do modular CSS, you can add in packages. Gatsby is just React at the end of the day. It's static files with a React runtime. So treat it like React app, you won't go too wrong. A few minutes just on pros and cons. So like I said before, if this sounds exciting and it sounds like, ooh, I really want to learn more about this, this is for you and I hope you'll learn more about it. If this sounds like, oh, this is not like what I'm wanting. This doesn't seem like it solves my problem. Great, it probably doesn't solve your problem because it does come with it instead of problems. That rebuild can be annoying under some circumstances. It's very JS heavy on the developer side and if you're not wanting to have that JavaScript feel, it's not going to be that great developer experience. And the whole point is to have a great developer experience, a great content creator experience, and a great site visitor experience. And you can get that in any number of stacks. So the idea that it doesn't feel like WordPress is only because we're keeping WordPress for the content creator that it was going to get the most valuable out of it. But if you really like the way that WordPress Tempani works or you really wanted to focus on PHP, great. So long as we're all agreeing that we should be making sure that all three of those stakeholders are having great experience, that's exactly it. I would say the biggest reason that most people are going to find a problem with getting this is because the hosting setup feels really complicated. And I think we're going to see more and more hosts like Netlify that are trying to make this easy out of the box. And that way you can have more options than just Netlify or just a particular AWS app that you can roll on your own. But it's hard to convince a client, necessarily, that this isn't their best interest to have a twice as complicated hosting setup once to get all these benefits in the future. Especially when a lot of those benefits from the hosting side end up being for the end user and not necessarily for them. Even the idea that now you're going to have to push a button twice, or you have to push the deploy button after you make all your changes feels like a hassle even though you get all the good stuff from it. So there's lots of pros and cons to weigh. I would follow your intuition. If you really like this idea of doing what WordPress does best with that content creator experience in WordPress and then getting to use React, if that is like the selling point for you, this is absolutely a thing to look into. If getting to use React sounds horrible, it's not going to be fun because it is React to the core. So at the end, some advanced stuff, if you really want to go deeper and deeper, if you like the GraphQL side, Jason Ball has been doing WP GraphQL for a little while now. It's still officially embedded, but there's a lot of production sites using WP GraphQL. That starter is hitting the REST API and transforming it into GraphQL. WP GraphQL lets you just make a GraphQL query directly to your WordPress site. It is running its own, it's like a completely separate API from the REST API. So if you really want to get into the GraphQL side of things, that is kind of the plug-in to do right now. I mentioned that starter and theme is not exactly the same thing because a starter in Gatsby is kind of like create React app on the React site.  Gatsby has started working on what they're calling themes. The idea that it's a starter, but it's also going to have update capabilities you can use across multiple sites more in the way that we treat kind of WordPress themes. And on top of that, Zach Gordon recently announced that they're starting a project of porting a bunch of WordPress themes into Gatsby themes. So like 2019. This is a very exciting thing. It's still developed. None of these are actually released yet, but it's something to absolutely watch. Not least because, remember where I said we're not really wanting to look at that WordPress site for the front-end? Well, if your Gatsby theme matches up with your WordPress theme, all of a sudden now you can use WordPress Preview and it's okay if the conductors are just working on the WordPress side and you're just working on the Gatsby side. If we can have Gatsby themes that are running in parallel with WordPress themes, then every time a WordPress theme becomes popular, that Gatsby theme becomes popular and that's now another tool you can use if this building approach is useful for you. So a lot of potential there, but still kind of growing. I recommended using your WordPress site on a subdomain and your Gatsby app on the main domain you're using, which is actually probably most fun if you're willing to get into the weeds a little bit, is having a mono repo where you can run your WordPress site out of that same GitHub repo, but you can then make use of your functions file and add plugins, whatever to do, AJAX request, whatever you need to do and have that available to you as a server option, so you don't have to go to using Lambda functions or anything else. If you want that server side capability, you have that server running and it's on your domain and you can do that by just hooking up your engine X to look at different ports. That's a really fun way to go about it, but it requires some management. Again, on the hosting side. The hosting side gets more complicated, but it pays dividends in the long run. Cool, so that is my Blazingly fast talk on Blazingly fast freedom. If you have any Blazingly fast questions, we've got like five minutes. Yes.  So the static... Okay, static generators for WordPress, the idea being something like a simply static or a WPG static where you add a plugin to your WordPress site and it will go through and run that build step similarly, where it just says, I'm going to look at all my category views, all my tag views, all my author views, all my posts and generate static files that you can then push up. The reason why Gatsby is cool is mostly because of that React aspect. It's the idea of I want to do my layout in a React-style way and I want to manage my files in that React-style way. And also on top of that, because that's where there's more of a developer-focused community on that side, we're getting those really cool continuous integration tools. I'm not saying there's not continuous integration tools on those other static site plugins, but they're not really moving as rapidly as the Gatsby system is. And as much as there's a, the whole concept of the content mesh that the Gatsby community talks about came about because this rapid development tooling is happening. Gatsby couldn't exist without the fact that there is so much momentum behind these tools coming. So that's what makes it cool. That's why it's maybe not the best fit for everybody. If you're, especially if you're sitting here saying I'm not a developer, I don't want to do React, but I do like this performance aspect, absolutely. A static site generator that just runs out of a plugin is a really great way to go. Any other questions? Yeah. Man, once you get, there's still going to be a scaling at that build step, but all the more reason why that continuous integration is kind of the way to go because then you're letting a cloud provider worry about that scaling problem. But another reason why that scaling problem is less likely to come up is because of that GraphQL notion of we're only fetching exactly what we need. So when I fetch that post, I'm not necessarily getting everything out of the post the way that PHP is. I'm getting just its title, just its content, just its type of whatever exactly I need. So I'm not going to say you're never going to run into a scale problem, but you're way less likely to run into a scale problem for sure. Yeah. Yeah, yeah. Yeah. Not necessarily with a starter. The issues I run into with Gutenberg now is that because blocks are, they are rendering things way more complicated than short codes ever did, and short codes themselves are still the problem. So what you can imagine is when I'm hitting that recipe and I'm trying to get the content, what I'm actually just getting is a bunch of HTML, which might include a short code, which might include some asynchronously loaded JavaScript tag, you know, all that stuff now, when I'm running that through dangerously set HTML in my React template, it's just stuck there. Right? So it now puts the onus on me that if my content creator wants to use a block or a short code or anything in that Gutenberg's give me that isn't just the content, is now on me to make sure that I'm transforming that or giving them some other way to do that. And honestly, what I've ended up doing is basically getting just not using the blocks as they are, not providing metafields or creating a block that is essentially just metafields. So as opposed to like, say, an OMB of a tweet, rather than using the OMB block for Twitter, you know, still getting the URL for the tweet and then I'll render out the tweet through my build step. That sort of thing. And so it puts a lot of onus on me, the developer, right? But I'm still giving them the way to embed the tweet. Yeah. So that's the unfortunate side, right? Yeah. I'm not seeing anything where Gutenberg itself is inherently conflicting. It's only the matter of the same content issue that is there always is still going to be there. Now, I mean, I should say also, the thing where Gutenberg does maybe throw off is because it becomes harder, or at least I haven't seen any of those deploy plugins that are trying to like watch for a save because of the auto-save stuff, which is before Gutenberg even, when it's really getting that right. But I think it's because a lot of people doing these are not actually WordPress people. They're gas people trying to make something for it. Myself included. I've not done this right very well. That's been harder. But I'll take full blame for that as well because I'm part of the people trying to fix that. So that's the one thing I have seen.


Tlo what's poppin? Who's that? That's me? Man, oh G subs. No, man. I used to be the old intro man. I don't know where I go live anymore I'm at a cross world, but you can leave a like comment subscribe turn on post notification bells Man, let's continue to grow the family from Chicago to the UK man. Um Literally I was in my room and and I see KSI got a situation going on he said a word That people find racist now me Me I am not the race of people that find that offensive, but I cannot say that They shouldn't be offended by that. You get what I'm saying now. I'm an American. I'm from Chicago heavy Pakistani and culture heavy Heavy got a lot of friends homies like I'm talking homies that I grew up with And as an American when I first started reacting to UK stuff as an American now This could just be an American thing. We've worked oblivious to certain things Honestly in America or as far as I was as far as I knew before I started reacting to UK content. I Didn't know that was a racial slur Right hand to God. I did not know that was a racial slur I know I never knew anybody that felt like like felt found that offensive or any I never knew it We don't in America or at least in Chicago That is not a thing and I'm not saying I'm not being I'm not being Not sensitive to the rest of the world, but I'm telling y'all My personal experiences that I did not know that was that comment was I didn't know that word was found to be Racist literally I Want to know the back history on it why why it's considered but I've never once has ever educated me on it But literally I was thinking just like Philly was thinking You know when Trump stopped him it was like no don't say that that said I had a good word to say my mindset as an American was like We we think it's just an abbreviation of the full country. You know I'm saying or The people the full peoples like we just thought we think it's an abbreviation We didn't know I literally knew that I didn't think there was no harm in the word until I started reacting to UK stuff I remember there was a song that came out. I was doing reactions to music and the artist said the word and Then I was like, oh and then I repeated it because it was a hard bar But you know you got to think about I never ever was ever ever in my life was put in a situation where I couldn't say a certain word like I was like People people in the comments told me it was like well, I can't believe you just said that I was like what you mean I Didn't they explain to me that that word Was thought to what is a racist word in the UK and I was like, oh man See me. I'm just looking at it like I thought it was just an abbreviation to another word. That's that's literally what I thought But KSI my boy, you're going through it right now. I see You're going through it my boy You didn't you don't went to a mosque. You doing damage control management has put out a you know I'm saying you're going crazy. I'm not gonna play back the video that originally it was showed in because I've seen it already I Seen it already But I will play this one. That is a writer. I'm hoping that being out in the country is gonna help me find my music Like literally though and Philly is from the UK, right? He's from somewhere else, but he been living in the UK for a very long time and he didn't he didn't even know it sounds like But you know every since y'all told me I ain't never said that word again because you know, I respect I respect it It is what it is. I don't have to understand it But I respect it at the end of the day and that's just how I'm coming but you know Let's listen to this apology And I think me personally y'all asking is the apology genuine is it just is it that I think it's genuine I Honestly think bro. Probably didn't know We we we don't know that type of stuff because we're normally the people that receive the slurs. We don't know Literally and as an American I Definitely didn't know That's just how it come off I'm not laughing at the situation.  This is the world's biggest do rag I'm at this to the and I'm not talking about dread wise. I'm talking about forehead.  So it don't matter to me I wanted what I With my previous thoughts on it was or what what what I didn't know I won't ever say it again Especially in the salvation community I want to take this opportunity to offer my deepest And most sincere apologies for my words and actions In a recent video, I use a racial term that is offensive to so so many Especially in the salvation community. There were no excuses for what I said and I I recognize I've caused a lot of hurt and disappointment to so many people so many people that look up to me and My, you know, this could have been the end Has has only reinforced the negative stereotypes that have Existed for way too long in this country I want to express I want to express my heartfelt regret Uh for what I said And I want you to know that I am generally ashamed and deeply sorry For any pain or suffering I of course I I realized that my words, you know have consequences and as a public figure I've A responsibility to use my platform for good Rather than perpetuating discrimination And this week I have failed to do this Privately, I have taken the time to engage in very, you know early conversations with some people from salvation communities Salvation communities see like salvation communities like me. I don't know what that even is I don't know what that is and I'm gonna go look it up because I need to know, right? I will continue to do so in the coming weeks and months ahead. I will continue to educate myself on the rich history and diverse cultures of south asian And oh he said south asian didn't know he didn't ahead Needed to do so salvation communities. He said south asian. He's talking too fast. It sounded like one word Like I thought he says salvation communities. I was like, what the hell is that? South asian communities, okay rich history and diverse cultures of south asian And the struggles like there's a heavy salvation community in chicago like and I like I'm talking like I never knew this I never knew until I and I never knew until I knew Faced by his people I am committed to doing better Being a better ally and use my platform to uplift and uplift uplift marginalized voices Now I want to say again You know how truly truly sorry I am for my actions. I know that you know, it's going to take time An effort to really regain the trust In respect of those I've hurt and I'm prepared to tirelessly Work to make sure I make amends And I hope my sincere apology and commitment to educate myself Will be a step towards healing and unity And I fully understand that my actions Will speak louder than my words so yeah I mean me personally do I think it was gendu and I do think it was gendu and I do think he he made a He made a mistake now. I'm not the biggest ksi fan when it comes to his music It's just trash, but everything else he's done for the community Is you know, it's good, but like Me like I can I can honestly say that and almost I damn near could speak on a lot like a lot of us like We genuinely don't know that that's offensive And we can't blame ignorance for a lack of you know what I'm saying lack of lack of Sensitivity, you know what I'm saying to the situation ignorance is not an excuse But like as far as I started to when I personally Set out and started reacting to UK stuff. It was an educational thing for me. I was learning a lot And it was a part of an educational process and I know now But I guarantee you 95 of people in in Chicago. I only speak for Chicago 95 of people in Chicago When I say people I mean people that are this color do not know didn't not know that But once again, that doesn't mean anything He hurt who he hurt He's apologizing. He's gonna work tirelessly. I mean, what else can he do? Till a little leave a like comment subscribe turn on your post notification bells Let me know in the comments, man. I'm I'm I'm genuinely curious And I damn near go look at the history of it because I I still till this day really don't know the history of why you know what I'm saying, but It never mattered to me because it is what it is If it's offensive it's offensive period Won't come out the mouth again like it's that's it like but but I'm curious to know it's what I'm saying till I'm gone