Yes, top tier football in Jamaica is where we start. This Friday edition of the Sports Max Zone, what began as a field of 14 has now dwindled to six. The Ren nephew, Jamaica Premier League, set to enter its final stretch, the playoffs kicking off on Monday. But let's get a refresh in all of the six teams still standing in the tournament. Raining champions, Mount Pleasant, finished atop the table at the end of the regular season while the team they defeated in last year's final Cavalier finished in second. Both teams get buys to the semifinal stage. Tivoli Gardens, Portmore United, Arnett Gardens and Waterhouse make up the rest of the spots. And it will be those four teams in action on Monday with Tivoli taking on Waterhouse and Portmore facing Arnett Gardens in first leg action. The winners of the Tivoli versus Waterhouse tie will have Mount Pleasant awaiting them in the semifinal while Cavalier will be the opponents for the winners of the Portmore, Arnett Gardens matchup. Now with these momentous clashes on the horizon, it's only right that we have two big guests joining us on set. First, the voice of the JPL behind the scenes, CEO of the PFGL, Owen Hill, a Fortis Cateri non-Potis, Kingston College man. And the voice you hear on the screen, Sportsmax football analyst, Leger Williams. Gentlemen, welcome to the Sportsmax Zone. This season has been characterized, gentlemen, by competitive football. And whereas there are many seasons when we follow the progress of the teams, we can have clear favorites. I know Mount Pleasant have been steady, they're regular season champions, but there's something about this season that looks difficult to put your finger on a winner. Your thoughts, CEO? Yeah, I like it. I really like it. I can tell you that much. I mean, when there's no clear favorite or runaway champion, it makes it more interesting. I can tell you that much. And the sponsors like it, you know? I love it. It's intriguing because you have to stay on. Exactly. Keeps you on your toes. You want to watch the games. You want to be a part of the action. You want to stay on the pulse. And I think it helps. The players look forward to it because, you know, there's a level of competitiveness between the teams amongst the players. I think it makes for good football. And what it shows is there's a general growth in the sport, from coaching to tactics to execution. I'm excited about what is to come. Yeah, and I said at the top of the show, Lige, that very often we see regular season champions unable to get the job done in the playoffs and going all the way to win the championship. In the last 10 years, I think Portmore is the only team that have been regular champions and went on to win the entire thing. I think they did it twice in 2018 and 2019. But no team has been able to do it. We will look at Monday's match-ups in just a moment. But Mount Pleasant are the regular season champions. They wear the crown. That is the target of everyone else. And they are defending champions as well. Does Mount Pleasant have the opportunity or a good opportunity in your mind to break the trend of regular season champions not going all the way to win the title? Well, sir, Lance, you know, that's a very good question. You know, I always say that I'm a betting man. I don't like to go against the trends. But I think for this time, as I've been saying for majority of the season, I do think that Mount Pleasant are the best team in the Jamaica Premier League. They have shown to be that so far. They have the deepest squad for sure. And I think they have top tier coaching also. And as Owen would say, the execution of the players and the team has been second to none as well in the league as shown by the regular season. So I do think that they have a really good opportunity to break that trend. But it's going to be tough. You also mentioned that a lot of the teams are so close in terms of quality, in terms of coaching, in terms of what they've been putting forward for most of the season. So I think all of the top six really have a pretty reasonable show to get that title. And it's going to be really tough all the way to them. Arnett Garnes are one of the most popular teams in Jamaica Premier League football, Lige. They were regular season champions last year and didn't manage to win the title. They missed out. Well, they reached the playoffs the year before as well. But they lost, I think, to Harbour View in the semifinals. And they have an opportunity now to get at least past this quarter final stage of the playoffs. How do you feel about Arnett and their Monday assignment? Yeah, that's going to be a tough game. I think looking specifically at the matchup against Portmore, Portmore beat them once this season. They also drew with them in match week 25, a couple of weeks ago. So this Arnett team, you know, it's a team going through a lot of transition. They lost both their coach and their assistant coach following the end of last season. You know, they didn't get the final last year. And it's been rough but steady at the same time for Arnett guys this season because it's a very, very young team. You can see that through their midfield, you know, players like Jayim Thomas, Jermaine Sheppard and a lot of their front line as well. Kayim Dixon, who has been bursting on the scene also. A lot of their front line, you look at their centre-back pairing as well. Cunningham has been, who has been their steady centre-back from last season, has been absent for quite some time for trials and stuff like that. With Sechevan, Willis coming back in Joel Jones. So it's a lot of rotation in this Arnett team and we have to mention as well that they're under first-year leadership from Xavier Gilbert. So it will be his first time coming into this type of role into the playoffs. So it's going to be interesting to see how he shepherds these young players into this type of environment because we all know when the playoffs get around, completely different ballgame. So it's going to be tough but I do see that game as being extremely close. It's hard to call it right now. Right, and I would never ask Owen to call the games because of the position that you hold. I feel as if it'd be so unfair to put you on the spot like that. So don't. Right, so I would not. But I am though going to ask you about the quality of both teams and you spoke about growth in your answer to Lance and that must feel really good to be watching these teams under you and your team's leadership growing because that can only be good for one, the sport and to your administration. So just talk to me about the quality of both teams. Well, all the teams that are there and even just a few who would have missed out, I would say we have seen significant growth. They understand the overall strategy. They're very clear on how do they get into this playoff position because what happens in this part of the season is that you get access to eyes that you wouldn't have normally had access to. Agreed.  So I think every one of the teams, obviously, they would have put the necessary systems in place and they continue to build. By no stretch am I telling you, Mariah, that we're where we need to be, you know. The clubs, they all know what their gaps are but we keep helping and we push and we set the standards. We copy best practices and I think the clubs are following suit because again, professional football Jamaica limited is what we call it. So the idea is we want to professionalize the sport. We want people to see this as their next step, as that move to transition into further professional football. And I think so far we're doing pretty decent and we continue to aim for the stars. Yeah, and one more before I go to Liz on the next picture. Do you find more players wanting to be a part of the JPL and battling for that spot to be a part of a team now? Yeah, I mean, I get a lot of queries and what's interesting is that I get the queries outside of Jamaica a lot of times. Wow. Yeah, I have Grenadon, Solutions, you know, Vincentians. Those are the people who want to come into the space because they've seen what we've done in terms of the quality of play. They've seen the broadcast. They've seen the kind of notoriety that they will get coming out of this. So I think, you know, for that, the teams have been doing well. The clubs have structured their organization for the most part and what we keep saying is how can we raise the bar? How can we get it better than it was before? How can we make the players feel like this is their next step? And I think so far we're trending in the right direction. I think so too. I'm very, very impressed with what I've seen from the JPL. Liz, this one's for you now. Tivoli, Waterhouse, what can we expect? And being the prediction guru that you like to call yourself, are you going to predict that one as well? Yeah, I have no problem with that. I think you've made a little bit of a mistake, the prediction guru that I am. Sorry, sorry. Thank you, R. I correct myself. Yeah, I think this tie is really well poised. I think an important thing going into the playoffs that I love personally, the first round of it, the four teams that we're seeing, all of these teams, if you have grown up watching the Jamaica Premier League, these are four. I think apart from maybe Harbaughu who missed out, these are four of the big guns. When you look back, if you're compared to an English Premier League, this is Arsenal, Manchester United, Liverpool and Chelsea. Sorry, Mariah. You're my own pleasant in this scenario, the champions. OK, thank you. Thank you. I'll take the champion tag. But if you look at it, there's so many titles between these teams. There are 19 titles, I believe, between these four teams. So it's big and being prestigious and Tivoli, Waterhouse is no different. You have Waterhouse, it has one, two titles, but last seven finals, for example. You have Tivoli that has won five titles and Tivoli are by far and away the most improved team from last season. Jerome Wait. Jerome Wait has done an excellent job and you've seen it not only with the quality of play, but you can track it with the numbers as well. Tivoli finished in 11th last season and this season they have finished in 3rd, just missing out on that automatic spot and it's not only just they're getting wins, they're doing it very stylishly. There were the top scoring team in the league, scoring 22 more goals than they did last season. They conceded 19 less as well, so they're improving on a defensive end. And for Waterhouse, I guess it's not a good omen because Tivoli have been in good form despite that last and the last game of the season. And in addition to that, Tivoli beat Waterhouse twice this past season, the regular season. So I think it's going to be very difficult for Waterhouse. Waterhouse do have a lot of quality and they do have goalscores up front. Javane Bryan, second leading goalscorer in the league, as well as Andre Fletcher with 11. So they do have quality, they do have a good team, but I think the Tivoli team full of confidence and full of quality as well. And as well as having an excellent coach, I'd be very, very shocked if we don't see Tivoli making their way into the semifinal. That's the prediction guru's prediction. All right, I know Waterhouse this season has been very fluctuating. They've been very unsteady. And I was making the point that I think only twice this year they've managed to put back-to-back pictures together, which is very unlike Waterhouse. I know they had a bad season last year, but the Waterhouse that we've grown accustomed to is a fiery team that is consistent and you have to come good to beat them all the time. But you made the good point earlier on, Lige, that Tivoli's a vastly improved team. Compare for me the two coaches because Jerome Waite, his CV is impressive. And the Waterhouse coach, Marcel Gale, has missed out and Waterhouse have been to finals and not winning, and they've been close but not delivering. Is there something about these two coaches that can tell us what we might expect? Well, that's an excellent question, Sir Lance. You know, I like those questions where we're comparing coaches and coaching styles. You'll have to stop me if I'm going on too long. You know, one thing that I love about both of these coaches is their attention to detail. So Marcel Gale, you know, he's worked on the Nevillebale for so long. So, as you can see, he's a positional base coach. He loves position of the ball as well. But he likes to give his players freedom. That includes a lot of players in close proximity to each other and they like to, you know, play in and around each other as opposed to stretching the pitch, for example, and trying to work around players in a positional sense. With Waterhouse, they like to stay close in proximity. The Kali relation is in, if you're going to look at the broad term, it's very popular in Brazilian football, Argentinian football, for example. But with the issue with that is that when the tiki taka is working, when they're not able to progress the ball centrally, there can be issues as I've spoken about on the show before. But when they're able to get the ball wide to a Andre Fletcher, that's when they get really dangerous. So I do think it's going to be important for them to find the balance, because I think Tivoli Garnes have been one of the best teams in terms of closing down central progression. And that's something if, you know, people go watch out for the preview of the games that have come up on Monday, you know, and the broadcasts, I'll be speaking about that before the game as well. Tivoli are excellent when it comes on to stopping central progression and stopping transitions as well because of their setup. And their setup is a very unique one. No team in the Jamaica Premier League executes or has a system like this. They're so fluid between their 3, 4, 3, 3, 2, 5 shapes, even sometimes a 5 at the back shape as well. And they have a lot of fluid players that man mark all over the pitch as well. So that's going to be very difficult for Waterhouse to cope with. So it's a good clash of styles, but it's a clash of styles that I do think that Tivoli would have the advantage in. Yeah, I want to get something from Owen about the spectacle of the playoff stage, which we'll get to in a moment, but a quick comment on the coaching differences that we just spoke of most of the times, or well not most, but several times I've heard your post game interviews with the Tivoli team and the players have spoken a lot about how fit Jerome Way has made them because he's a coach that emphasizes physical fitness. So physical conditioning is something that I think Tivoli will have up on a lot of the opponents. Yeah, and he's kept the players really fresh. He's rotated them throughout the season really well, especially in certain key areas, especially midfield. We've, at the start of the season, we saw Kevin Garnett, for example, you know, holding down the defensive midfield position. And now we've seen Nathan Thomas, who has an engine like basically no other in the league, and he's able to cover a lot of... An engine. I think he's going to be so important for Tivoli in this player front. And, you know, the difference between both teams, Waterhouse are a very fit team also actually, because they press better than most teams in the league. Tivoli don't have that high press, but what they do do, as I said, is condense the middle. And when you condense the middle, it makes it so hard for teams to play against you. And Tivoli, that shows in their defensive record, what it shows in how many goals they've scored from direct transitional opportunities as well. Counter-attacks, winning the ball back and getting it forward as quickly as possible. So that's the difference between both coaches. And I do think it's going to make a really good spectacle. From a spectator standpoint, Owen, how will the playoffs be different from the regular season, from the standpoint of putting an attractive product out there for the fans? I like that question because the number one beverage brand in the region, as they say the world, is the title partner. So Ray and Nephew is coming big and bold. From you enter the venue, actually even before you enter the venue, you'll be incentivized early. So if you come to the venue early enough, you'll be incentivized, that's the first thing. So you can guess things, try this. You will get things. Okay, great, wow. So we are telling Jamaica, come out early because you will be incentivized in coming out early. Once you come into the stand, they'll be transforming the north stand into what is called the Ray and Nephew Party Stand or the Wrong Party Stand. They're going to make it like CPL, carnival-like. That's what I'm thinking. Yes, they're going to expose us to a lot of the cocktail mixes. A lot of the things that they would generally have up their sleeve with the other partners, but the base of it obviously is Ray and Nephew. And we're always saying drink responsibly, for sure, even though it's a family event, but it's going to be a spectacle. And then throughout the entire venue, activations from all the other partners. So we have league partners, we have club partners. In different parts of the venue, you will have that kind of experience. So you're not just coming to a football game, really. You're coming to an overall event and we try to improve on that every single execution. We have five for the entire playoffs. This is really just one. And the entertainment side of it, ah boy, every single day you'll have some kind of entertainment package. I can tell you that much. And it's really the road to the finals, the super finals, we're calling it by the way. And it's going to be epic.  So, you know, and they like Rome. They like that partnership. And football. And they like football. There's a merge between sports and entertainment. So we expect for it to be a nice little spectacle and it's the best of local football as we have it now.  And you know what, Mariah? The venue is now ready to be prepared because the TNT Red Force got rid of the Jamaica Scorpions in the cricket match at Sabina Park from early today. So Sabina Park is now ready to be prepared for football on Monday. And you have some of the best pitch, you know, experts covering the ground. So whenever the games play at Sabina, some strange reason, the quality just improves. I can tell you that much. You know, the goals that are scored, the vibe that is in the venue, I think it makes well for good football. And we're just looking forward to that. So the first match starts at what time, Lige? Seven, five. Okay, so... Five and then seven, 30. But, you know, there's a pretty much show that we'll have the broadcast in 20 minutes or 15 minutes before on Sports Max 2 on Monday.  Coming out early. So what I have to do is finish the zone at six and then hurry down to Sabina. Yeah, you have to get down there. But you're going to have to get the Rear Neve products for both of us because, unfortunately, fortunately, I will be working, so I will be able to partake. I will be getting the Rear Neve products. Mariah has to do it for the both of us. Yeah, but everybody will have Rear Neve products. By the way, I have something to give you, Mariah. Me? Yes. Wow. Every... Where are you? Oh, my. Specifically. It smells good. Yeah, we have, you know, when we come, we come with goodies. You know, when we come, we come with goodies. So there is a specific request coming from the champions. Wow. All the way from the Twin Island Republic. Wow. Yes, you can come. Oh, my God, I'm freezing. So, personally, delivered by the champions, Mount Pleasant Football Academy. Thank you. Wow, yeah, yeah, yeah, that's great. Wow, this is beautiful. Thank you so much, Mount Pleasant. And of course, I will be wearing it on the Sports Maxon. So, Nathaniel, James, Kylie, Avery, they send their love and regards. Thank you. Wow. Your TNT Soco Warriors are looking out for you. They're the best. Thanks, guys. But by the way, I'm telling you, we have jerseys on sale, too, for the playoff teams. And it's nice. Yeah, we have access to jerseys. So if you want to support local football again, ensure that you purchase jerseys. We have them online. We have them physically. We'll be having them at the venue. The clubs have them. Yes. I would say go out and support. And then tickets, you also can get online. All right. You can get at the venue. And, you know, we're looking forward to see about 10,000 people. Yeah. And I'll be there. So come, come hang with me. We'll be at the JPL. Thank you so much, Owen Hill. Certainly. And Lish. Well, you're okay. So thanks. All right. Break time.


You're assigned to homicide detail. The life of a young woman is in danger Anonymous letters and phone calls threaten her with murder The notes bear the mark of a fanatic Your job stop them You'll be amazed when you compare Fatima with other long cigarettes buy a pack of Fatima You'll find they now cost the same Light of Fatima Your first puff will tell you. Oh, that's different. Yes. What a difference in Fatima The difference is quality You see Fatima is the quality king-size cigarette because it contains the finest Turkish and domestic tobaccos Superbly blended and Fatima is extra mild with a much different much better flavor and aroma than any other long cigarette Because of its quality its extra mildness its better flavor and aroma Fatima has more than doubled its smokers coast-to-coast try comparing Fatima yourself Fatima's now cost the same as other long cigarettes, but your first puff will tell you That's different. Yes in Fatima. The difference is quality Ask your dealer for Fatima the quality king-size cigarette best of all long cigarettes start enjoying Fatima tomorrow Dragnet the documented drama of an actual crime For the next 30 minutes in cooperation with the Los Angeles police department You will travel step by step on the side of the law through an actual case transcribed from official police files From beginning to end from crime to punishment dragnet is the story of your police force in action Was Tuesday March 8th. It was cold in Los Angeles. We were working the night watch out of homicide My partner's been Romero the boss's captain steed. My name's friday We were on the way out from the office and it was 6 45 p.m. When we got to Greenwich street Number 3 18 Yes, gentlemen police officers like to see doctor small, please. I'm reverend small. Won't you come in? Thank you Hey, let me take your hats officers. I've been waiting for you. Thanks. Oh, my name's friday. This is my partner sergeant Romero How do you do? I'm glad to know you. How do you do? Hope we didn't interrupt your dinner Oh, no, no the organist brother reaver and i were just running over a few hymns for the service tonight Or would you come this way please into the parlor? As I mentioned on the telephone i'm not much of a detective But I think something should be done about this matter as soon as possible Oh, we'd like to get a few more particulars first reverend. When'd you first find out about these threatening letters? Sister Dorothy wilson I think I told you about her she came here to the rectory and showed them to me She told me she's been getting the last four days and phone calls too How long have you known this Dorothy wilson? Is she one of your regular parish names? Well, she first joined my congregation about a month ago She's been in regular attendance at our services ever since is that the church next door joining the rectory here Yes, that's right sergeant second reform church at the holy book I founded it here about three years ago and I've been past her ever since Have you ever had this trouble before? I mean threats against the people who join your church No, never never any trouble at all I wonder if you have those notes that miss wilson's been receiving reverend. Yes right here in my desk Let me see uh Yes, yes here are the five sister wilson got And here are the two that I received Wonder if I could look at yes surely here you are. Thank you Oh, would you excuse me for a moment? It's about time for brother rebirth to get over to the church I'd better tell him certainly reverend didn't mean to hold you up. No not at all. I'll be back in just a moment. All right What do they look like? Yeah, let's see Postmarks here March 4th 5th 7th 8th Come from different places around town according to the postmark is long beach a couple from azusa glendale here No return address on any of them This notebook paper looks like to me this one isn't it to you? Yeah And there's this other one here looks like some kind of wrapping paper The writing's not too bad Let's see according to the postmark.  I know I have been coming to our church for a long time And it is an outrage to have you praying in our temple If you don't get out and stay out, I'm going to make sure you're taken care of for good Huh look outside Sister in the lord must be some kind of a fanatic. We better run all these through the prime there. Yeah This one maybe it's typhoon. Well, here you read it stated march 6th.  It could be your sorry for the interruption officers A few things I had to remind brother reber of Have you seen all the letters? Well, we're just checking them over reber Certainly a terrible thing for our church. I hope we can keep the matter as quiet as possible Yes, sir. I noticed the two different signatures on these notes now half of them are signed A sister in the lord. Yes, and uh, the other half are signed It's brother dr. Griswold. Yes, that's right The first letter I got was from this brother griswold his of the type written ones You know anyone in your congregation with that name reber dr. Griswold No, I checked over my list of regular parishioners twice if there is such a man. I don't know of him Oh, we can run that name through r and i anyway, huh ben? Mm-hmm. Do you have any suspicions at all reber? What do you mean such well?  Maybe well, no, I hadn't had an opportunity to think it over in that light But I can't imagine anybody in our group writing letters like this What's her background reber? Do you know much about her? No, she's a quiet girl. She's very religious Work census stenographer at an office downtown helps support her mother. Will she be at church tonight? Yes, she's here already helping to set up the chairs for the service Why would you like to talk to her? Yes, sir, but good. All right. Let's go over to the church They're still half an hour before services begin. We're fine. I don't have to take these letters along with us reber We want our handwriting man to check them over. Yes by all means that uh, manila envelope on the desk You can put them in there if you like. Thank you. This one here. Yes Okay This way officers How many members do you have in your church reverend small 162 regulars Another hundred or so on the friends they attend on me occasionally You mentioned that this miss wilson's had threatening phone calls too. Yes, that's what she told me this afternoon Man's voice for a woman The sister wilson said both the phone calls usually follow each letter and they identify themselves the same way Brother griswold and the sister and the lord have you received any calls from no, I've been half expecting them But I hadn't had any yet Here should we go in please Here we are Our seating arrangements still temporary. We hope to have fuels installed next year. Uh-huh nice church. Yes. Thank you Oh, there's sister wilson. She is helping set up the chairs If you'd like to wait in the choir's dressing room, I'll bring her in there to you. All right. Thank you reverend Let's go man This one joe. Yeah, this is it Huh, ought to open a few windows in here. It's musty. Yeah What time do you say the services start 7 30? It's uh Five minutes by 7 now Officers. Yes, sir Officers, this is sister. Dorothy wilson sister wilson sergeant friday. How do you do, man? Hello and sergeant ramirez. That's from ero Oh, I'm sorry sergeant ramero sister wilson. Hello. Can I tell you? I guess you want to speak with sister wilson alone for you Why would we like have you stay if you would reverend wonder if there's someplace where we could sit down Yes, certainly right over here in the anti room. Fine. That would be fine How's sister wilson? There's no need to be afraid These offices are here to help you and to protect you. See that nothing happens. Yes, brother small We're fast in the faith of the lord and you shall not fear. Yes, I will You want me to tell you all about it sergeant hot started? We'll be pleased to say is it all right to smoke in here? Yes, of course go ahead Uh, will we care for a second? No, thank you. Nothing's meant. I'm not right nothing. Okay. I'll leave the bank there if you want to Uh, we've already looked over the letters that you receive Uh, the reverend here told us that you got the first one last Friday. Yes, that's right I've gotten one each day since then phone calls too. Did you recognize the voices making the calls? No, I didn't know them at all a woman's voice was Very rough kind of like she might be old Said some terrible things about me and brother small. She called both of us terrible names Awesome the same with a man who calls. Yes, sometimes he's even worse None of the things they say are true sergeant not one word I'd like you to think carefully before you answer this mrs. Wilson Is there anyone at all that you know in your neighborhood here at church or at your work who might be doing this? Maybe somebody that you knew a few years ago some acquaintance ever since it's happened. I've been trying to think of someone I don't think I've ever met anybody who'd do this kind of thing Well, how about a former boyfriend or a girlfriend who might be jealous of you for some reason? Oh I did have quite a few boyfriends just casual dates nothing serious They were always taking me out Dancing and out to parties We went everywhere, but I was never interested in any of them. Well, were any of them upset when you stopped going out with them? A few of them were angry when I wouldn't marry them, but I don't think any of them would write those kind of letters Do you think the whole thing might be some kind of a joke someone's playing? It's a pretty grim joke to go this far Do you live by yourself miss wilson? No with my mother, but I don't want her to know anything about this. Well, I think it'd be wiser if you told her No, no, she mustn't know mother's been ill lately. And if she found out it might upset her an awful lot She's not well at all Help yourself to some of the ones that jump Yes, please I would all right Thank you. What are you are anybody else ever? Yes, please Ben, nothing. Okay. Thank you Uh, how about some of the church members miss wilson? Have any of them been at all unfriendly to you since you started coming here? No, I don't think so A few are pretty hard to get to know. They're shy, I guess But none of them have been uncharitable Then you don't think the threats are coming from anyone in the church? Well, if they are I don't know who the person is The way they say all those rotten things about me.  Yes, of course I do.  You think that's why?   We're gonna have a lot of homicides if they try 10 p.m together with sergeants reins and bechtel. We tail dorthy wilson to her home She parked her car at the rear and went inside a stakeout was placed on her house The next morning we took the threatening letters Which the wilson girl had received and asked don mayer and handwriting to check them over During the next five days. We checked thoroughly into the background of dorthy wilson We talked to our relatives or employers all our friends past and present We had no good reason to suspect any of them We checked out the people at the church and they were clear Both reverend small and the wilson girl continued to receive more threatening letters Some of the language and the accusations were pretty foul Still no outward attempt were made on the life of the wilson girl A week after we started on the case we tallied up our findings. They seemed to make sense We talked it over with reins in the squadron Don mayer is checking those letters and a sample of the wilson girl's handwriting, isn't he? What's he got to say? The letters written in the long hand is signed to sister and the lord and the type written letters is signed brother d.ark grislaw Yeah, I know that don says all the letters were written with the same person How's your figure well similarities and phrasing Same mistakes and spelling type written in the long hand both Signatures on the grislaw letters match the handwriting in the other letters No, they were only dealing with one suspect and don mayer seems pretty sure of it, you know Well, uh, how does the wilson girl's handwriting check out? What's working on there? Where does that leave us? You've been on stake out that the wilson girl's home a few nights. Haven't you noticed anything peculiar about the setter? How do you mean? Something that didn't fit something that didn't quite join No, I don't think so Well, just that business about a car thought that was a little out of line. Yeah, it struck us the same way Girl always seemed frightened enough about the situation when she's around us But when she thinks she's alone looks to me like she takes it a little differently. Yeah Every night when she drives home. She parks the car in that dark garage must be at least 50 75 yards from her house. Yeah I've never seen her look particularly nervous And taking that long walk through the front door I'm sure the normal reaction for a frightened woman would be to park the car right in front of the house and hurry inside She hasn't done that once How about all those friends of hers you guys checked out? I think they well, we've been staked out at her house The church and the work You know that there's not a thing Checked with some of her ex-boyfriends, too Nothing there Well, the wilson girl told us that some of the boys had proposed to her We couldn't find one who'd admit it. They all said she was a nice girl, but they didn't propose marriage Those threatening phone calls are another thing both the pastor of the church and Dorothy wilson got letters But only the girl received phone call. Yeah Well logically if the reverend got the letters the same time as the girl He should have been getting phone calls, too. He hasn't received the one. It could be accidental And wherever wants to kill the girl might figure the reverend would recognize his voice It's possible, but you remember that story that the wilson girl gave us about her mother Remember that she didn't want her to know about the letters because her mother was sick Well, we checked with her mother's doctor and mrs.  What do you figure? I think the girl's a fake Everything we knew about the case of Dorothy wilson everything we'd learned through questioning and observation seemed to point to one definite conclusion Dorothy wilson for one reason or another was writing the threatening letters to herself As for the warnings that she got over the telephone. We only had her word for it We took our findings to captain steed and laid out the case for her He directed this to stay on it for a few more days until we could find enough evidence and testimony to prove out our theory The following day Dorothy wilson received a letter more threatening than any of the previous ones Reverend small also received a copy of the same letter Again, don mire's opinion was that they were written by the same person All right, what's doing? I don't know Boys got any new theories. What do you mean on the Dorothy wilson case? Do we need one? I don't think your old one's going to hold up. Why what's the matter? She's a georgia street. Well somebody tried to kill her You are listening to dragnet authentic stories of your police force in action Oh, no Ah, that's different. Yes, what a difference. There's a difference you can hear There's a difference you can see but the difference in fatima is quality Yes friends when you compare long cigarettes, you'll find that in fatima The difference is quality quality of tobaccos the finest turkish and domestic varieties extra mild And superbly blended to give you a much different much better flavor and aroma than any other long cigarette quality of manufacture Smooth plump cigarettes rolled in the finest paper money can buy Quality even to the appearance of the bright clean yellow package Carefully wrapped and sealed to bring you fatima's rich fresh Extra mild flavor fatima's now cost the same as other long cigarettes But your first puff will tell you Ah, that's different. Yes in fatima. The difference is quality Ask your dealer for fatima the quality king-size cigarette Best of all long cigarettes start enjoying fatima tomorrow Soon as we got the report that dorthy wilson had been attacked by an unknown assailant We drove to georgia street receiving hospital where she was being treated Anderson and beckle from homicide were standing by We talked to the doctor who told us that the victim had no serious injuries She had two slight bruises on her upper arms and a slight bruise on her forehead She complained of a headache while the doctor made out his report. We questioned the wilson girl She told us that she'd gone to the church of the holy book at six o'clock that night after work She told us that she wanted to pray before the start of the regular service at 8 15 p.m We asked her exactly when and where the attack occurred At about 6 30. I felt a little tired. I told the officers on duty at the church I thought I'd get a little rest before services started and then I went into the ladies dressing room laid down That's what happened. It was terrible. Did you see the person who tried to hurt you?  What happened then miss wilson? Well, I fought as hard as I could. I kicked and scratched him and I guess I hurt him because he let go of my throat for a minute After that he pulled me down the floor. I remembered that Then he put his hands around this part of my head like like this Mm-hmm The other officers told us that one of the choir members of mr. Sherman found you unconscious in the choir room. Is that right?  That's how mr. Sherman found me How long do you figure you were unconscious then? I don't know It was about 6 35 when I laid down in the dressing room. Mr. Sherman said he found me there at 20 minutes Past seven and then you were out about 45 minutes as in I suppose so I don't remember anything What makes you think the person who attacked you wanted to kill you miss wilson? That's It's what they said in the letters, isn't it?  Is that correct?  I guess they wanted to rob me too $52 in the case that what you had with you that's right a $50 bill and some change I don't know why they didn't take it. Maybe something frightened them off It's possible The officers found some other articles scattered around the dressing room a roll of tape The metal box that the tape came in and a half a dozen razor blades Did you notice any of these in the dressing room before you were attacked? No, none of them. I never saw them before Those razor blades officer. What do you think they wanted to do with them? There's no use thinking about that now. It's all over I knew I'd be protected. I felt the spirit I know the holy light would protect me. Yes, ma'am Will you find whoever did it officer? Well, this is just a hunch miss wilson. Yes, I think we already have Before we left georgia street We talked to the doctor in charge and got a release for the patient Dorothy wilson agreed to drive back with us to the office to make out a crime report On the way she seemed to lose most of her nervousness. She was relaxed and she talked quite a bit Religions are great comfort to me sergeant. I think it's a great comfort to anybody, don't you? Yeah, I do maybe i'm different from most girls, but I get an awful lot out of my church It's like brother small says you have to be born again of the holy light if you really want to live, don't you think so? I don't know what I do if it wasn't for my religion No, I used to have a lot of boyfriends, of course, I don't care for any of them anymore But when I was younger, they were always taking me out all the time Yes, so yes, I had a good time when I was younger going out to dinner and dancing parties Fellows were taking me out all the time. Of course, that was when I was younger not much over 25 now I'll be 27 in august that's pretty old for an unmarried girl, but I'm not worried Get interested in more important things when you get older isn't that right? Oh, yes, that's right. I remember when I was in junior college how boy crazy I was I remember that junior prom I went to Seems such a long time ago. Yeah, I had the most beautiful white dress sergeant with sequins and The skirt was all white and that gathered in here at the waist and it flared out real full I went to the dance with one of the big football players He looks so nice in his blue suit. His name was Stanley. I knew him for a long time He's one of the fellas who asked me to marry him. I guess I was too particular. I just couldn't see any of them Would you mind if I laid out a few facts for you, miss Wilson? Well, not at all sergeant. Go ahead, please I'm not trying to embarrass you in any way, but since we've been on this case We've checked with just about all the friends that you've had in the past few years and that includes your boyfriends None of the fellas that you've mentioned say they've ever proposed marriage to you So they've been out with you once or twice with that song Oh, well, you probably didn't talk to the right fellas. You probably got the namesmith. No, ma'am. We didn't we talked to the right people Well, I can't understand that neither can we miss Wilson. Well, what difference does it make anyway? I wasn't interested in them I I wouldn't have married them anyway going out and dancing parties. That's all they were interested in What reason did you have for lying to us parking in a car necking with girls trying to take advantage of them That's all those fellas wanted Some of the silly girls they married. Well, I don't you discover a lot more important things when you get older sergeant No, I don't think that's the point. Why did you lie to us about it? I don't know really. Maybe I Didn't have a reason. I I just didn't remember right, I guess now. You sure you remember right about what happened tonight What do you mean? It just happened. Of course. I'm sure about it. Someone tried to kill me Uh, might as well park on spring street, then pretty clear this time night. Yeah, okay sergeant I wish you'd tell me what you're getting yet. What are you thinking? Well, there's still a few things that we're not too sure of this well, so we'd like to clear them up What aren't you too sure of? I told you everything I knew.  I told you all about it.  You can see the bruise here. Well, yes, ma'am I know but that's very slight the doctor says that that couldn't have done it either Just a minute. I'll get the door here What else aren't you sure of? Well, your wrists were taped individually now. If somebody wanted to restrain you They probably would have taped them together, wouldn't they?  They said so in those letters We're not too sure of those letters either, miss both Well, what aren't you sure of? Where they're coming from and who's sending them? We do know they were all written with the same person How do you know that they're signed by two different people? A handwriting man checked them over. He says you're written to the same person You might as well have it straight miss Wilson. We're gonna talk. Can't we do it inside someplace? Please? I'm tired. I'm sorry. All right You know, yeah, I'll see if lakin finger prints is finished with that stuff. Yeah, I'll bring it along if they are We'll be in the interrogation of you know, all right this way miss Wilson Oh, man, I know used to be on the police force nice fella. We used to go out all the time together Was that so? What's his name? Well, that's funny. I don't remember. He's not the nice fella though. He used to go dancing every week Here we are All right I started questioning Dorothy Wilson, but she wanted to talk about everything except what concerned the case Dean Birdman and latent fingerprints that already checked each article that was found at the supposed scene of the crime The wilson girl's prints were all over them. Did you write those threatening letters to yourself miss wilson? I don't understand. Why do you ask me something like that? Did you write the letters to yourself? You know, that's not a fair question sergeant I don't know what you consider fair, but we'd like to know did you write the letters Do you know what it is to pray sergeant? I mean really pray What's that got to do with it? I've been praying all my life. I've been praying hard Ever since I was a little girl. We'd like to have your answer our question miss wilson. I think you'll understand This is the answer sergeant. I I can feel the holy spirit in my heart. I know you understand. Yes, ma'am I've been praying for an awfully long time sergeant when I was a little girl six years old. I was praying Night and day I said my prayers, but there never seemed to be any answer I never could understand it because I only prayed for one thing I didn't think it was too much to ask. What was that? I wanted people to know me sergeant I wanted people to know me and like me. That's all but it never seemed to happen even when I was a little girl You'll think that quite follow you man. You've got to understand me. Nobody else does In the time I was a little girl six nobody ever seemed to care if I was around or not I always tried to make friends tried to make people like me. I tried very hard, but nobody seemed to care Nobody even noticed me Nobody ever noticed me. You mean that's why you wrote those threatening letters to yourself so that you'd be noticed I wanted somebody to care about me. That's all I wanted them to know who I was Dorothy Wilson. I Wanted to walk down the street and have people nod and have them say that's Dorothy Wilson There goes Dorothy Wilson just for somebody to care.  I'm sorry It was so nice while it lasted people looking after me Caring about where I went what happened to me It's the first time anybody ever really noticed me It was that important to you People knew who I was Dorothy Wilson, they all noticed me I feel better now that it's over Oh There's one thing I've got to tell you sergeant. Yes, ma'am I remember driving here in the car. I told you about that junior prom I went to that That time I had a beautiful white neck dress with a full skirt the beautiful new white dress. Yes, ma'am. I remember. What about it? Well, it was really pink garganty an old dress I knew you'd find out. That's why I had to tell you. Yeah, I didn't want you think I was a liar To protect the innocent in a moment the results of the trial now. Here is our star jack web Thank you Dragnett's mail this week is included cards from some of you listeners saying that your dealer is out of fatimas Thank you. We've done something about that Now if any more of you find a dealer fresh out of fatimas Send me his name and address and we'll do something about that too Write me jack web post office box 951 hollywood And mr. Dealer don't wait a day step up your orders for fatima Get in on this ever-increasing demand for the quality long cigarette By our own admission dorthy wilsey was guilty of filing a false crime report a misdemeanor She was released into the custody of her mother You have just heard drag net the series of authentic cases transcribed from official files Technical advice comes from the office of chief of police w.h parker This is nbc the national broadcasting company


just generally upfront. I don't see any evidence in the Bible for dinosaurs. I don't see how biblical writers would have known about dinosaurs unless they ran across a skeleton or something like that. But again, how would they process that? They'd probably call it a dragon. I don't see any evidence for living dinosaurs during the biblical period or anything like that. So, you know, having said that, I don't think the biblical material really pertains to what we would think of as dinosaurs at all anyway. And here's why it gets really complicated. You have this term, tonine, or toninim. Both of them can actually be plural endings and Semitic, but I don't want to digress into that. These things, these creatures, we'll just call them, are mentioned in connection with several themes in the Old Testament. Now, the question sort of situates one of them. Genesis 121 is obviously a creation theme. Now, before we even hit the language, we need to back up and think about Genesis 1. There are a number of scholars. It's not so prevalent now as it was, oh, I don't know, a few decades ago. But because you have creation episodes, creation descriptions outside of Genesis 1 in the Bible that have God slaying a dragon or a sea monster. Psalm 74 is probably the best example here. Because you have those scenes, that sort of triggered a whole way of approaching all creation texts in Genesis at least one time. And the reason is this. If you look at Psalm 74, the notion was, look, here the God of Israel is slaying this great sea beast and that's associated with creation language. It's also, as I'll point out in a few minutes, associated with Exodus language. But let's stick with creation now, this one category. Since God is slaying this beast and that is associated with the act of creation, this is just like certain Babylonian creation stories. The biggest example would be Anuma Elish, where in the end, Marduk slays a great sea dragon and chops the carcass. It splits it in half and out of one half, he makes the sea and the other half makes the dry land. The sky and the dry land and so you've got this destruction of this beast and out of that comes the heavens and the earth. And in the Babylonian story, Marduk, when he does this, brings order out of chaos because the sea dragon, the sea beast was just making life miserable or making creation impossible. And so Marduk wanted to make the earth habitable for humans. And so this beast has to be slain and then the heavens and earth that humans will inhabit and experience are created thereby. So it's this story of bringing order out of chaos and the Babylonian material uses, again, as a chaos symbol, a great sea beast. Now, the reason why you see that not only in Babylonian material but also in lots of other material is that the sea was otherworldly to an ancient Near Eastern person, really any ancient person. And it's because it isn't where people live. You can't live in the sea. You can't live in the sea. The sea is chaotic. It's untamable. It's wild. It's threatening. You'll die if you're not on a boat, that kind of thing. It's unpredictable. The sea was an otherworldly place. You'll actually get Egyptian texts that talk about smaller bodies of water on the periphery of their boundaries. And the Egyptians will actually refer to bodies of water like the sea, which is the end. They'll equate the sea with the afterlife or the netherworld because to them it spoke of unpredictability and death and humans can't live there. That kind of thing. So it was just an otherworldly place. Now, when you're out on the sea in a boat and you see big animals, whether they're whales or sharks or whatever it is, you tend to associate those things, these huge creatures that, again, don't live on land. They're not things you normally see, but they live in this otherworldly place. They lend themselves to, again, being portrayals, symbolic portrayals of that place. And that's why you have, in the ancient Near East, a lot of this kind of symbology, great sea creatures that represent chaos and death and disorder and all this kind of stuff. Well, Inuma Eilish, the Babylonian story, again, since the supposition was that, and you get this in biblical literature, you get it in Mesopotamian literature, you get it in Egyptian literature, that before there was any land to inhabit, for human habitation, there was just water. And so the primeval mound rises up out of the water, either at the command of the God or is created by the God from some preexisting material. In this case, it's the carcass, at least half the carcass of this great sea beast. So Marduk brings order out of chaos and creates dry land for human habitation. And of course, Marduk creates people too and all that kind of stuff. So since scholars were familiar with these stories, when they would look at a passage like Psalm 74, they thought, well, that's really a good match for this whole idea. And then they'd go back to Genesis 1 and ask, well, is this stuff in Genesis 1? And what you get is you get really two things. You get Genesis 121, the reference to the Tani Neem. And you also get the word Tahom, which is in most English translations translated the deep. Now Tahom, again, a few decades ago, this was accepted as a coherent argument. It's not so much now and I'll explain why. But Tahom was thought to be the Hebrew equivalent of Tiamat, which was the name of the sea dragon in the Babylonian Anuma Ailish story. And so the supposition was Tahom and Tani Neem. There's no battle going on in Genesis 1. And so what the writer of Genesis 1 is trying to convey is that when the God of Israel, who's the real creator, started doing his thing. These forces were already held in check. There was no need for a battle. They were submissive and bound. And so it was a theological polemic. It was a theological slant to how the Israelite viewed creation that our God doesn't even need to have this fight. Now, of course, that doesn't work in Psalm 74. But again, this was the thinking. Now, nowadays, what you have is in Psalm 74, the reference to Leviathan there. And you also get Leviathan referred to in Psalm 74. Let me just go to the passage or find the passage here and read it for people. Psalm 74, beginning in verse 12, the psalmist says, Yet God my king is from of old, working salvation in the midst of the earth. You divided the sea by your might. You broke the heads of the sea monsters. And there's our word Tani Neem on or in the waters. You crushed the heads of Leviathan. You gave him as food for the creatures of the wilderness. And that's odd. I thought we were in the sea. Now we're in the wilderness all of a sudden because in verse 14, it's going to transition to Exodus language. And then it's going to go back to creation language. You get to verse 16. We're establishing the heavenly lights in the sun, fixing the boundaries of the earth. Again, this is language right out of Genesis one. So there's something going on there. But to get back to the point, people looked at this and thought, well, Leviathan, you know, that doesn't look anything like to home. It doesn't look like anything like Tiamat. And, you know, what's going on here? Well, in 1929, the Ugaritic material was discovered. Okay. Again, prior to that discovery, everything was sort of Babylonian oriented when it came to Genesis, at least in the academic world.  But the point is that nowadays people look at Psalm 74 and they don't see the Babylonian story. They see the Ugaritic story because in the Ugaritic story, you have the same terms. You have Tanun or Tanunah. Again, it's the same thing as the Tanunim. And you also have Lotan or Liyu Yatan, which is the same thing as Leviathan in the Hebrew Bible. And that story, the Ugaritic story, is not about the creation of the world. It's about who is supreme in the divine council. And in the Babylonian story, you read through that the Baal cycle. The Baal eventually emerges as the top dog, the vice regent under, still under El's authority. But he becomes the chosen co-ruler among all the other gods. And he does so by destroying and defeating Litanu, you know, winning this battle. And so since the terminology is so close, scholars looked at it and thought, well, you know, this is such a close match. It's got to be this instead of the Babylonian stuff. And then they took that back to Genesis 1 and said, you know, this is probably not, you know, aimed at the Babylonians. It's probably, again, a reference to, in this case, Canaanite religion, the Baal stuff. That, again, to home, there's actually a Ugaritic word for that that means the recesses of the deep, just like our English translations of to home would have, you know, the deep. So that made sense. But it was also the place where, again, these sea creatures lived. And since the sea creatures, Tananim, is sort of used to as an equivalent to Leviathan in Psalm 74. The idea was that, hey, Genesis 1 is really describing Leviathan, you know, Litanu already subdued by the God of Israel. And so the focus of the comparison changed in that respect. So that was a long way of explaining how an ancient Near Eastern person would look at this. They're not seeing dinosaurs like you and I would think of them. This is about chaos language and chaos symbology that is drawn from, you know, the other worldly place known as the sea or the ocean. But the whole point of their stories is, again, things like who restrains chaos? Who is the king of the gods? And so when the biblical writer starts taking this kind of material and swapping in Yahweh, the point is theological. It's not paleontological or biological.   You're dissing our God. You're saying your God's the real Creator. You're saying your God's better. And the first 11 chapters of Genesis are just cluttered with that kind of thing. There is still a lot of Mesopotamian stuff. When my book Unseen Realm comes out, the whole Genesis 6 theme is cast against the Apkalu from Babylon, these semi-divine giant figures and all that kind of stuff. Genesis 1 through 11 takes swipes at just about everything in the religious world of the ancient Near East. And you even get Egyptian stuff. The whole idea of creation by the spoken word actually is a swipe at the Egyptian god Ta. Because Ta's Memphite theology in Egyptian literature is the only other place in the ancient world, ancient Near Eastern world, ancient Mediterranean world that describes creation by the spoken word, by the breath of the mouth. And so it's a very deliberate swipe at that point of that story, of that theology. The biblical writer wants to make sure that they're hitting all the bases, essentially that they're not going to leave any other rival claim of any other deity untouched. They're going to hit them all. And that's what they do in the Genesis story. So you have creation themes for this dragon language or the sea beast language. And you have, again, what I guess I could describe as sort of theological polemic going on. But the third thing you have is you have historical enemies of the people of God, Pharaoh and Nebuchadnezzar are both described with this terminology, either Leviathan or Tonyneem or something like that. In other words, they are painted with the same terminology. Again, because now the Pharaoh, the oppressing Pharaoh and Nebuchadnezzar, we all know what he did, these are the prime enemies of the people of God. They are the embodied forces of chaos against God's people. And that's why this language is attributed to them. Can all of us think in the audience of a New Testament example where the great enemy of God is associated in some way with a dragon? Hello, the book of Revelation. And a lot of that draws on Isaiah 24-27, which is apocalyptic literature in Isaiah that, guess what? The day of the Lord comes and Leviathan is finally destroyed. I mean, there's sort of a network of ideas. This is a network of ideas that tracks through certain portions of the Old Testament and certain portions of the New Testament. And so that is how I view all of this such language because it's bigger than the Bible itself. You will find this sort of thing in religious texts, in mythologies across the ancient world. And I don't think coincidentally, they're drawn from sort of the same bag of tricks. It's the sea and the creatures in the sea because, again, that's just a horrifying, terrifying place. You are not safe when you're out on the sea. It's unpredictable, it's wild, it's untamed, it's chaotic.  And again, because of who they were, sort of a, you know, we can look at it and say it's kind of primitive thinking. Okay, well, so what if it is? But I mean, this is the way they thought about these things and the way they conveyed certain ideas. And so that's how I approach this sort of monster language in the Old Testament. And I think that's the way it needs to be approached because it's consistent both within and outside the Bible. The language gets picked up, you know, in the Second Temple period.   Again, really doing the same thing. You know, the enemies of God get portrayed by these things that you get in certain texts. This is kind of interesting. But in certain texts, when Leviathan or the beast, you know, and just look at the terminology, Revelation, the beast, okay, that comes from the sea, what a surprise. And of course, at the end of Revelation, there is no more sea. This is why chaos is done with. There is no more disorder. You get imagery of this great like divine banquet, you know, the marriage supper of the Lamb is the way the New Testament has it. Well, there's Jewish rabbinic stuff that have, you know, sort of the end of, you know, when the day of the Lord comes, there's this divine banquet. And you'll get some texts that guess what served at dinner. It's Leviathan. I mean, again, it's this imagery of, it's done now.  And it's never going to come back again. We'll never have to worry about this again, because now we're in a perfect place. We're in the New Eden. There is no threat of this anymore. So it actually works itself out, you know, into texts. Jewish and Christian outside the Bible in some real interesting ways.


So, what did you think of the Mario film? Um, it was great. Yeah?  What was your favourite character in the Mario movie? The toad that followed Mario and Peach around. Yeah, me too. I thought that he was very funny. Yeah. What did you think of Princess Peach? Was she cool? Yeah. I've never played as Princess Peach with the ice flower. It was funny how they used the mini mushroom to make Bowser tiny. I know. Yeah, that was funny, wasn't it? I liked the song that Bowser sang. I thought that was really good. Yeah. What do you think about Princess Peach? He just signed like peaches, like the fruit. Yes, people kept calling her peaches. You probably didn't like that. Yeah. That's a warning sign right there. If somebody says that they love you, but they won't even get your name right, then that's an indication that they probably don't like you as much as they think they do. They like the imaginary version of you that they've made up. Does that make sense? Yeah. All right, tell me, oops.  I think the sugar's kicked in. I think all those M&Ms have worked their magic on you. Did you like when it was Mario Kart? Yeah. Yeah. I wish I could actually use the um, the cart that Donkey Kong made. Yeah, that was really cool. Like with the two big explosion things. Yeah, that was really good. That they could ride on. Yes. I like the big fish. The big fish, yes. Oh no, I know. I'm being eaten by a big fish. Did you like all the references that they had to other Mario things? I loved the, yeah. And I also loved the end where they, they just went like, they cracked and they were like, yahi! Yeah, that was funny too. How many other references did you spot? Um, I saw Mayor Pauline. Yeah. I saw... You were telling me one earlier. Oh, the yellow, the yellow cars. Yeah. Because, um, they have yellow cars in New York City and... Oh, like the taxi cabs. Oh yeah. What about, oh hello. So you watched the film and you were scared of a few things, but you weren't scared of the thing that the internet said was going to be the scariest bit. So I looked up before we went. I looked up what the internet said was the scariest bit of the film. So I could tell you about it to make sure that you knew that it was going to be okay. And if you could watch that then you wouldn't have anything else that was scarier. And you were fine with that bit and then you were scared of other things instead. Yeah. And that's good because that makes you very unique and special. This is the dog. Yes. I'm very scared of dogs. Oh no. That's the problem isn't it? You don't like dogs. I really like small dogs that just cuddle up with you. Yeah. What about cats? Did you like the cat part of the film? Oh yeah. When Luigi was getting attacked by the cat. Oh, no. I wasn't thinking of that. Oh. I was thinking about when Mario is a cat. Oh. I was thinking when Luigi was attacked by a real cat. What did you think of Mario and Donkey Kong's friendship? It was funny. Yeah. Because they started and they weren't friends and then they became friends. Yeah, they even had a battle when Donkey Kong got scratched. Yes, he did. Yeah. What did you think about Mario learning to be a Mario? He was already a Mario. He was already a Mario. How about Mario learning to be the Mario? Yeah. There's not a one Mario. How about Mario learning to be super? What do you think? Did he do a good job of learning to be super? He admitted that he didn't do it. But he did in the end, didn't he? He got the thing. He got super. Yeah, but he didn't completely level. Fair enough. No, he didn't, didn't he? Do you know what I thought was interesting? Was this film has lots and lots of songs in it that are very famous songs. And that surprised me because, well... Did you think it would just be Mario? I thought, yeah, I thought it could just be Mario songs. I didn't think it needed to have lots of other famous pop and rock songs. And I mean, if they were going to have some other songs in, they could at least have some Tenacious D, but that's just me. What are you doing now? Did you do the dancing? Dancing? Why are you dancing upside down? I'm not, I was like, down around the floor. Okay. All right, I've got a question for you. Yeah. So you said, as we were going into the film, that you'd heard people complain that they didn't like the voice for Mario? Yeah. What did you think of the voice for Mario? Like, it sounded like Mario. Yeah? Just sounded like Mario to you? Yeah. It's not like there's some sort of boom there. Like, actually we did see King Boo in it. Yeah, King Boo was in it. You were at the wedding. He was watching the wedding. Yeah. I was happy that there was a Yoshi egg. I love saying Yoshi. Did you see all the Yoshies as well in the in the field? Yeah. There was just so many, I couldn't count them. I liked how Cranky Kong was there. Yeah, Cranky Kong was fun. Did you know he was the original Donkey Kong? Yeah. And then he got old and then Donkey Kong Jr. became the new Donkey Kong. Is that right? Is that how it goes? Donkey Kong became the new Donkey Kong. And then Diddy Kong and Dixie Kong just came. Yeah, but do you know about Donkey Kong Jr.? Have you ever heard of that game? No. Donkey Kong Jr. is an interesting one because it's... Donkey Kong Jr. is the star of the game. And you play as Donkey Kong Jr. And you have to rescue Donkey Kong, who is Cranky Kong. But it's Donkey Kong still. And he's been captured by somebody who has put him in a cage. And won't let him out. And so Donkey Kong Jr. has to rescue Donkey Kong, his dad. And do you know who put him in the cage? I think I do. Who do you think it is? Daddy, can you tell me first? Okay. It's Mario. Was that what you were going to think? No. No, did you think it was going to be Bowser? No. Who did you think it was going to be? Mayor Pauline. Mayor Pauline. Oh, that would have been a good idea. Yeah, because Donkey Kong captured Pauline. So she might have got her own back. Oh, that's a good idea. I like that. Did you... You disappointed we didn't get any Daisy in this film? Or Rosalina. I mean, there was like... There was a Luma, but that was it. Yeah, I was expecting to see Rosalina. I thought Rosalina would be the post-credits scene. That we would see Rosalina then. Yeah, that's dad. Yassie! Yeah, yassie. Um, there was two post-credits scenes, actually. Well, often where Bowser was like on his piano, then he was suddenly tiny again. Yeah. That's another point, actually. Like, did you know when you were watching the film that the blue mushroom makes you tiny? Yes. Yes, you'd already...  What game did you play that's got tiny blue mushrooms in it? Um, YouTube. YouTube. The game of YouTube. Yes, that makes sense. Do you see it on Mr. A game or something? I don't know. Or Nintendo or Nintendo Land. Is it Nintendo Land? Is that one you watch? Yeah, it's Nintendo Number 10. Yeah.


Good day everybody. This is Dr. Sajya Sanyal, Professor, Department Chair. So this is the dissection of the cadaver. This is the supine cadaver. I'm standing on the right side. Camera person is on the right side. This is the head end. This is the foot end.  So what you see here in front of you, this is the pectoralis major, which I'm outlining with my finger right now. And this muscle that you see here this is the deltoid muscle. This groove that you see, which I have highly exaggerated, this is the deltoid pectoral groove and running in this will be the cephalic vein, which in this particular cadaver is highly atrophied. Let's come to the pectoralis major muscle. You can see these muscle fibers. This is the sternocostal head. It is taking origin from the sternum ribs and this is the abdominal part of the sternocostal head and I've cut it from here and this is the clavicular head. It was taking origin from the clavicular. I'm going to lift this up now. As I told you, it's very thin and atrophied in this particular cadaver and you can see the fibers, the clavicular fibers are superficial. The sternocostal fibers are deep. They twist and they get inserted onto the lateral lip of the inter tubercular sulcus here. Now let me turn this and when I turn this we can see the next muscle underneath. This is the pectoralis minor. Normally it's supposed to take origin from the third, fourth and fifth costal cartilages, but in this particular cadaver it is taking origin from the third and the fourth. It's also highly atrophied and I'm lifting that up also. In the process, I will draw your attention to two sets of neurovascular bundles. One is this one here that you see. This is the continuation of the cephalic vein, which is piercing through the costa-corogate membrane and it will go into the axilla and drain to the axillary vein. These neurovascular bundles that you see here, this is the lateral pectoral nerve. You can see they're supplying the pectoralis major from the deep surface and this structure that you see here, this is the medial pectoral nerve. It supplies the pectoralis minor and then it supplies the pectoralis major. So we are seeing basically the inner surface of the pectoralis major and the pectoralis minor. I'm going to reflect that also. Once I reflect it, now we can see the muscles of the chest wall. These muscle fibers that you see here, these are the combination of external and internal intercostal muscle. We cannot differentiate them because, as I said, the fibers are highly atrophied. However, we can draw some conclusions. So this is the external intercostal muscle and if you trace them further medially, you find that they become membranous. That is the continuation of the external intercostal muscle, which is called the external intercostal membrane. And deep to that, we have the internal intercostal, some of which fibers we can see. We can see this is the internal, control part of the internal intercostal and further laterally will be the nauseous part of the internal intercostal. So these are the muscle fibers. She's got an extremely thin chest wall. So we can see this is the rib here. This is the interosseous part of the rib and this is the cartilaginous part of the rib. We can see it makes a sharp bend here. That is the reason why the portion of the muscle which is between the bony portion, they are responsible for depression of the ribs in the case of internal intercostal. And the intercontral part, they are responsible for elevation of the ribs because they follow the curvature of the ribs. And finally, we have not dissected extensively because most of the structures are highly atrophied here. If you trace it, you find that this is the costal margin. And this costal margin, she's got a very narrow costal angle. This is the sternum. This is the clavicle. So under the clavicle, this is the first rib. But we cannot feel the first rib when all these muscles are in place. So here we can feel it, but normal person we cannot feel it. So therefore, we can feel the sternal angle of Louie here. And tracing from the sternal angle of Louie, if you trace laterally, you can see this is the second rib. So therefore, this is the second intercostal space. This is the third intercostal space. The fourth intercostal space, the fifth, sixth, and seventh intercostal space, costal margin. This is the subcostal angle. So these are the structures which we can see in this preliminary dissection. And before I conclude, since we have already opened, I would like to draw your attention to something else. You see a structure here, which I have lifted up with my hand here. This is intercostal brachial nerve. This is intercostal brachial nerve. And this is coming. It's supplying the chest wall and it's supplying the arm also. So these are the structures which I wanted to show you. Thank you very much for watching, ladies and gentlemen. Have a nice day.


Hello and welcome to 8 Essential Elements of Oral vs. Written Communication. Here's where we're going. Explain the 8 Essential Elements of Communication. Explain how written communication is similar to oral communication and how it is different. First consideration, the source. A source creates and communicates a message. For example, J makes a telephone call to Heather or J writes an email to Heather. In both cases, J is the source. Receiver. A receiver receives the message from the source. In our example, Heather would listen to J and Heather reads J's email in the other context. Message. The message is the stimulus or meaning produced by the source for the receiver. So when J asks Heather to participate in a conference call at 315, that's an example of the message. In our other example, J's email asks Heather to participate in a conference call at 315. In both cases, the message is to participate in a conference call at 315. Channel. A channel is the way a message travels between source and receiver. In our first example, the channel is the telephone. In our second example, the channel is email. Feedback. Feedback is the message the receiver sends in response to the source. In this particular example, if Heather were to say yes, that would be feedback over the telephone. In the other context, Heather would reply with an email saying yes. Environment. The environment is the physical atmosphere in which the communication occurs. For example, Heather is traveling by train on a business trip when she receives J's phone call. Or, Heather is at her desk when she receives J's email. The environment can have an impact on the meaning of the message. Context. The context involves the psychological expectations of the source and the receiver. Heather expects J to send an email with the call and information for the call. J expects to do so and does. In our second example, Heather expects J to dial and connect the call. J expects Heather to check her email for the call and information so that she can join the call. Interference. Also known as noise, interference is anything that blocks or distorts the communication process. In our first example, Heather calls in at 315 but she has missed the call because she forgot that she is in a different time zone from J. In the second example, Heather waits for a phone call from J at 315 but he does not call. Noise can have an impact on the meaning of the message. This is a diagram used for patients who can't speak. There are verbal and nonverbal dimensions to communication. Verbal communication involves the words you say. Nonverbal communication involves how you say them. For example, the tone of your voice, your facial expression, or your body language. So what are some key differences between oral and written communication? Written communication is far more formal whereas oral communication is more conversational. Written communication is asynchronous whereas oral communication has the expectation of immediate feedback. We're expected to speak near the eighth grade level and write much higher than that grade level. A recent nonpartisan study of Congress revealed that they had dropped an entire grade level in their speaking. You could argue this is a good or bad thing regardless of your partisanship. Most media is designed for the eighth grade level. Remember when speaking to think small, think in words and phrases. Whenever you're writing, you tend to think in paragraphs instead of words or phrases. And whether you're speaking or you're writing, remember everything is contextual. The situation is very important. It's important to speak in short, simple sentences. And in a business context, your goal is clear, direct communication. So to review, written communication involves the same eight basic elements as oral communication, but is often asynchronous and more formal.