Hello, everyone. Hello, welcome. Welcome to Learn English Live. Hello, everyone. I hope you guys are having a great Tuesday night or Wednesday morning depending on where you are located. So good night, good morning, good afternoon. Welcome to Learn English Live. I am Sherry and I will be your teacher for this lesson. Let's take a look at the chat and see who we have here. I was looking earlier in the chat and saw that it was quite active. So it's great to see the students here chatting with one another. Of course, we're talking about cheese. Hello, Alyssa, great to see you and Jonathan. Thank you to our subscribers. Your subscription to Learn English Live allows Robin to continue to provide chat groups and lots of other things for students that are free. So thank you so much for subscribing. And so we've got Dwi. Dwi, hello, Dwi. It's great to see you. Mia, or Maya, nice to meet you. I don't think I have seen you before. It's great to see you here. Gertrudis, welcome, Gertrudis. It's fantastic to see you joining us today. All right, everyone. So as I mentioned in the chat, this lesson is going to be on propositions of location. So the lesson is going to be more of a beginner to intermediate level. And so if we get through it fairly quickly, then we can do some Q and A, some questions and answers. Can you guys let me know if you can hear me and see me? I see the feed on my phone, but if you guys could let me know that you hear me and see me, that would be great. We'll let a few more people hopefully hop in and join us before we get started with our lesson. I don't see some of our regular students here yet, but hello, May, hello, May. Thank you for being a subscriber, May, Gertrudis. Thank you so much for being subscribers and Jonathan and we, thank you. And of course we have some of our celebrities, such as Alyssa here. I'm looking to see if you guys can comment that you see me and hear me. Loud and clear, perfect, Gertrudis. Thank you so much, everyone. Yes, Alyssa, you hear me, right? Okay, so I'm going to give the star.  I'm holding it up to the camera and it has a little smiley face on it. You get the star for being the first student to comment in the chat. Ding, ding, star for you. Okay, I hope everyone's having a great day. Let's get started with our lesson. Hello, Samira. We are going to talk about prepositions in this live lesson. So I wanted to share with you the definition from the Oxford Learner's Dictionaries, which does include the IPA of how to pronounce the word preposition. So preposition is a grammar term. It's a word or a group of words. And for some examples, we have in, from, to, out of. All of these are prepositions that are used before a noun or a pronoun. And they show place, position, time, or method. This lesson today is going to focus on prepositions that are used for transportation. So I have a bit moji of me on this slide, showing me in a, hmm, what is this called, guys? Alyssa, it is a black vehicle that is very long. It's longer than most vehicles. And it has very dark windows. And someone drives in the front where you sit way in the back. What is this vehicle called, guys? Type in the chat. If you know the word for this mode of transportation, I will take a look and see. Hello, Layla. It's great to see you. This is a mode of transportation that I have never actually been in before. I'm doing well, Layla. Yes, Gratuitous, you are right. It is a limousine, a limousine. Okay, so Mia does not hear me. Yes, A for Anna. And Anna did spell limousine correctly. Mia, I am sorry, you don't hear me. Is everyone else hearing me? Okay. Guys, can you let me know? Is everyone else hearing me? Let me know if you cannot hear me right now. Dwee, you are in a limousine car right now? Wow, you are so dedicated. You're watching YouTube to learn English in a limo. Wow, I never have been in a limousine. I would love to ride in one sometime. Okay, so here I am. I am riding in the limo. Okay, great. Mia, I'm sorry, maybe you're having some connection issues. So let's continue to learn more about using prepositions to help us with modes of transportation. So students, it's confusing. I had one of my students on one of my social media platforms say, Sherry, why is it that I get in a car? Why do I get in a car? But I get on a bus. Why is that? And that's a great question. It's confusing. Why can't we just say, okay, let's get in the bus and go? Yes, Anna, limo is the abbreviated form for limousine. Many people refer to a limousine as a limo. So Leila, you never get to ride in the limousine either. Okay, so let's learn ways to use the prepositions to indicate location and transportation. Let's take a look at the definition of the word in and how it relates to modes of transportation. So at a point, yes, we, mm-hmm, those are, yes, those are part of the issues. Yes, but if we just talk about whether you can walk on something, there are other things that you can walk on that we don't say on or in, it gets confusing. So let's review all the different ways. Yes, Anna, you can stand on a bus, mm-hmm, that's correct. So what will over all of those things? And Maya, I don't know why you can't hear me. Check your sound settings because I think everyone else can hear. Okay, so in the definition of the preposition in, at a point within an area or space, within the shape of something surrounded by something. Ah, okay, and into something. Alyssa, thank you for being so honest. I did not see that Anna was there first. Okay, in the future, Anna, type in the comments to let me know you're there, but Anna is normally our first to arrive to our lessons. Thank you so much, Alyssa. So into something or in, here is my Bitmoji, and it's showing me getting in a pipe. Anna, I did a live stream last week too. So you can check out that recorded playback on Learn English Live from my lesson last week. So in, I have toys in my basket. I have a basketball, hmm, and a shark, and a tiger, all kinds of things in my basket. Yes, Anna, I think that's a great idea. Sharing the star sounds perfect. Okay, so let's move on and talk about the definition of on. When we use the word on to show a means of transport, it means in or into a position covering, touching, or forming part of a surface. So I have a photo here, Alyssa, of another Bitmoji of myself with a cat on my head. Now, I don't have a cat, but cats tend to want to do whatever they want, whenever they want, and they sit sometimes on your head, on your shoulder. Dogs tend to, they tend to be better listeners, I think.  Okay, so on as a way of transportation. Hello, Rhea, hello, great to see you join us. Thanks for joining. Yes, I'm not gonna sing the song because I'm not going to get in trouble. Why do we use in, the preposition in, in relation to modes of transportation? So here we have some different examples. I focused more on some concrete examples. I did see some of you type in the chat box, other things like when you can stand in a mode of transportation versus sit, but in when a noun is inside a small mode of transportation. So use this in for box or bowl shapes of transportation. We also have private transportation. So we're going to use the preposition in for private transportation. In general, in general, we will use the preposition in for smaller modes of transportation that are private, that are bowl or box shaped that you ride in. Ah, hello, thank you so much. Poland, fantastic. So let's take a look at specific examples of when we are going to use the preposition in for modes of transportation. So we have our cars, our truck, our SUV, SUV, which is referred to as a utility vehicle because we can do lots of things with it. And a minivan or a regular van. This is an actual van. Mini vans are a bit smaller than this. A taxi, yes. So Anna, a taxi cab is something that we get in. We get in the taxi to go to the store.  We also get in a wheelchair. We put a small child or an infant, a baby, in a stroller. And remember how we talked about bowl or box shape? Modes of transportation, a wagon is something we get in. And then we also have a canoe, which is a mode of transportation for water, a canoe, a kayak, and a rowboat. RV, I like that, Alyssa. Yes, an RV is a recreational vehicle. We get in the recreational vehicle. That is a private mode of transportation, the RV. Let's get in the RV and go. Okay. So why do we use on for modes of transportation? Why do we use on? So here are some reasons why we use on. We use on top of a small mode of transportation. So on is for when we are riding on top of a small mode of transportation. And we'll do specific examples in a moment. When we are inside a large vehicle, like a bus, and we use on for modes of transportation that can be public transportation. So they are transporting many different people from one place to another at the same time. So some examples of types of transportation or modes of transportation that we would use the proposition on for are things like a bicycle and a tricycle. So guys, can you type in the chat box and tell me what's the difference between a bicycle and a tricycle? Great example sentence, do we? Mm-hmm. What's, what is the difference between a bicycle and a tricycle? And Alyssa, I have a bitmoji on this page of myself looking fabulous on a bicycle, with no shoes, but I am holding my fist in the air as I have to say, yeah! And I am popping a wheelie. What that means is the bicycle is elevated, the front wheel is off the ground and the back wheel is on the ground. I'm popping a wheelie is what we call that. Yes, so Gertrude and Alyssa, the difference between a bicycle and a tricycle is that a tricycle has three wheels. Another thing I would like to share with you is the term we use for when young children are just beginning to learn how to ride a bike. They have what are called training wheels on the bicycle. So I am not a very good artist, but I'm going to share with you guys. Let me show you, I will draw something for you if I can get to my whiteboard, perfect. So if I were to draw a bicycle for you that has two wheels, here we have the two wheels of the bicycle and we have a seat and handlebars. But if we have a small child, and these are called spokes, these are the spokes of the bicycle. It's the metal pieces that go from the center of the bicycle out to the edges. They're called spokes. When children are first learning how to ride a bicycle, they will often have what are called training wheels on the back and these are additional wheels that are placed on both sides of the back tire. They're smaller, but they provide extra stability so the bicycle won't fall over to one side or the other. The training wheels give the young child stability, so all they have to do is pedal. They don't have to balance themselves on the bicycle at the same time. So Anna says that a bicycle is for two, basically the bicycle has two and their tricycle has three wheels, yes. And Anna, you have how about an airplane on a flight? You get on an airplane. It is a large mode of transportation that is public transportation. Tasha, that is a good point. That is, I have not read that before. So besides the bicycle and the tricycle, we also have the motorcycle or motorbike and a moped. Yes, Layla, store that away in your head, in your mind. Bicycle by BI is a prefix that means to try, TRI is a prefix that means three. That's how we can remember that. So a motorcycle or motorbike, which are not the same thing, they are slightly different and a moped, which is also similar but different. Then we have horse. We can go for a ride on a horse. Here is my horse. We can ride on a skateboard. My son has a skateboard. He likes to ride on his skateboard. Then we also have a segue. Does anyone know how to describe what a segue is? Segue. Let's see if anyone knows what a segue is. I'll wait and see here if anyone comments on what a segue is. You will often see segues on places that are near the beach. Or in the downtown area of cities, a segue, a segue has two wheels that are parallel to one another. They're parallel, so they are like this. One wheel's here and another wheel's there. And there is a small platform between the two wheels that you stand on. And they have a handle up here that you hang on to. And it's motorized. It is a motorized personal mode of transportation. So it's similar to a bicycle, but it has two wheels and it's motorized. It's called a segue, a segue. And in some cities in the United States, you can rent a segue in different downtown areas, sometimes near beaches. There will be segues as well. Okay, continuing on with the preposition of N, we have public trans, I'm sorry, the preposition of on, on, we have public transportation. So examples of this include bus and a train, which we may hear at any point during our lesson, right? Because trains go by my house all the time. A subway, subway is public transportation, a boat, ferry, ferry is a public transportation that is travels on the water. And a ferry is often it's a flat bottomed boat that is quite large. And people will get on a ferry to go across a body of water, often to go maybe to an island that is located close to the land or they can also drive their cars onto a ferry. Ferries are so large that people can drive their car. They ride the car rides on the ferry with them in the car, they're in the car on the ferry and they will travel maybe to an island that is close by. There are many islands that are only accessible by ferry or boat. Accessible means you cannot get there or driving on a bridge. You have to use a watercraft, a form of transportation that takes you over the water. Hello, Marcos. Welcome to our lesson. Okay, we are talking about, yes, gratuitous, ferries transport people and vehicles. Yes, Layla. I live one block away from train tracks. And there are, let's see, there is a second set of train tracks not far from us as well. A barge is another type of watercraft. Barges do not typically carry people from one point to another. A barge is a watercraft that usually carries cargo, cargo such as grain, oil, things like that. A barge carries cargo. Oh, JoJo, welcome. So everyone, JoJo is the inspiration for this lesson. Okay, JoJo is on my TikTok and he wanted to know why do we get in a car? Why do we get in a car, but we get on a bus? So I said, that's a little bit much for me to try to do a one minute video. And he suggested that we do a lesson on YouTube. So that is why we are doing this lesson. Welcome, JoJo. It is great to see you. Carlos, I hope you're having a great day. Thank you for your greeting. So we're talking about using the proposition on for modes of transportation. We use the word on for larger modes of transportation that are public such as a bus, train, subway, boat, ferry, ship and submarine. And Layla, I don't even notice the train going by any longer. I just don't. And they go by very quickly. So the sound is over fairly quickly. So the other thing we have is, we also have the airplane and a helicopter. Those are modes of transportation that we would describe as saying we get on the airplane to go to Europe. I'm going to get on the helicopter to travel to the oil tanker out in the ocean. So now of course with English, there are always exceptions, right? It seems that it's the general rule that there are exceptions to many things in English. And we can use the words, the propositions in and on for the words helicopter and submarine. A submarine is a watercraft. It is shaped like a tube and kind of like a hot dog. And which I have a hot dog right here. So kind of like a hot dog shape. And a submarine goes under the water and can travel through the water at very deep depths. So the submarines can go very deep under the water in the ocean. So Marcos, yes, you say you're going to be in the garden but you get on the bus. I'm not sure what you mean by in inside. So this lesson is focusing on using the propositions in and on and how they relate to transportation. We, I had thought about doing more but it's just too much to look at in on and at and how they can be used all the time. So we're focusing on transportation today. Yes, Layla, you can get on a helicopter but you can also refer to being in a helicopter to get in the helicopter. And a submarine is the same way. So let's expand though just a little bit. I wanted to share with you the word at and how we use at in relation to modes of transportation. So we have places where you wait for transport you use at. So Jojo, we talked about on and yes, you can talk about that you can stand on things that you get on but a helicopter, it's kind of difficult to stand on. So typically with on it has to do with things that you can sit on that are modes of transportation that are something that you typically would ride by yourself or maybe just one other person.  On is also used for larger modes of transportation that are often public transportation.  You wait at the airport to get on the airplane and you wait at the train station to get on the train. Okay, so guys, we are going to do some exercises. I will give you some sentences and you are going to choose which preposition is correct for the sentence. Yes, so you would stand on the platform at the train station that is correct, Tasha. Great suggestion. So here is our first example for our exercise. My dad drives to work. So how does he drive to work, guys? Now, this is a convertible but is still the same answer. If you could type in the chat box your answer for this question, fill in the blank. I'm gonna get a drink while I wait for your responses. Okay, so remember when we talked about private modes of transportation, private transportation would be things that individual people own and so we would use in a car. My dad drives to work in a car. Now, Tasha mentioned another word, she mentioned buy. And if we were to want to use the word buy, we would need to change this sentence. So Tasha, how could we change the sentence to use buy? My dad drives to work by a car. We would have to yes in a car or you could say my dad drives to work by car or he gets to work by car. It would be better to say my dad gets to work by car. You don't need to say buy a car. You can eliminate the article. But my dad drives to work in a car is the answer to this sentence. So now let's move on to our next exercise. I got blank a taxi to go to the museum. Yes, my dad goes to work by car. Yes, Marcos, not buy the car by car to get to work or my dad drives, my dad gets in the car to go to work. I got blank a taxi to go to the museum.  It is small, it is box shaped. So we say in, I got in a taxi to go to the museum. Now, if we changed the sentence and said, I got blank a bus to go to the museum, the answer would be I got on a bus to go to the museum. And yes, Alyssa, I got into a taxi would also be a really appropriate answer in maybe even a better, maybe even a better response than in. Yeah, oh, okay, that's all right, Layla. Sometimes when we're typing, our fingers don't always do what we want. Yes, so I got in a taxi to go to the museum. There's also the suggestion of I got into a taxi. Hello, Diego, thanks for joining us this evening. Thank you so much. And yes, Marcos, if we changed our sentence to say I got blank a bus, it would be I got on a bus to go to the museum. Okay, let's try our next sentence, which is my class got blank a bus to go on a trip. My class got blank a bus to go on a trip. What is different between, Rick Ham, do you mean what is different between a taxi and a bus? Can you clarify for me? My class got blank a bus to go on a trip. Mm-hmm. Yes, on, thank you, thank you, Marcos. It's so kind of you, thank you. Rehum, yes, okay, so Rehum, a taxi is a small vehicle, okay? The only a few people can ride in a taxi. You say on if you're talking about a larger vehicle that is something that is used for public transportation. Hello, Diego, it's great to see you. So I'm seeing yes, my class got on a bus to go on a trip. And Alyssa is reminding us that we could say my class got onto a bus to go on a trip. So I teach young students. So my students are four, three through six years of age. So three, four, five, and six.  And let's see. I'm asking, I'm thinking about what Marcos is saying. Marcos, can you please clarify what you mean by not at all? I'm not sure. But anyway, so I teach students who are very young. And sometimes we go on what are called field trips. A field trip is when the class will get on a bus and go somewhere to have an excursion to experience something. And sometimes the students will go to like the zoo. Sometimes we'll go to a farm. We visited a pumpkin farm before and the students get really excited about riding the bus. But when I have to ride a longer distance with very young children, I don't get very excited. Because it's pretty loud. It's pretty loud in the bus and it can get pretty hot because we usually go when the weather is nice. But the students really enjoy riding on the bus. It's a very important event for them. Okay, so let's continue with our lesson and look at our next sentence. The man got blank a truck to go to work. So a truck, meaning a small truck, a personal mode of transportation that only transports a few people. The man got in a truck. Yes, I'm seeing in. The man got in a truck to go to work. Remember, in is used when we're talking about smaller pieces of equipment, smaller motor vehicles we use in. Pamela, hello. Nice to see you. We get in a truck. Other types of vehicles. We've been a car, in a van, in a truck. Okay, personal vehicles. The man got in a truck to go to work. Yes, Riham wants to know how about a train? Can we use on? Yes, for a train, you get on a train. Remember, a train is something that is large and it is public transportation. Many people ride on a train. How are you doing, Pamela? Let's take a look at our next sentence. Students, my sister got blank on her bike. Oh, guess what? I made a mistake on this slide. Oh, funny. So let me fix this slide for us guys. I did something funny. I got, my sister got, I gave you the answer. My sister got on her bike to go to the park. Yes, gratuitous, I know. Oh, boy.  So I drew a picture of, yes, JoJo. I wanted you guys to, you know, get your confidence built up, right? So we're talking about bicycles and bicycles are things that have two wheels. By is a prefix, which means two, by, two. So we have our bicycle, okay? And a person rides on top of a bicycle, on a bicycle, on. So she rides on her bike to go to the park. And Jonathan, I did this sentence for you.  So let's go ahead. Thanks guys for laughing with me and not laughing at me. Okay, so let's take a look at this next sentence. I get blank, the subway to go to school. I get on the subway or I get in the subway. To go to school.  And it's something that has many people that ride on it because it follows the rule of being public transportation that is large. If we follow that rule, that's why we say, I get on the subway to go to school. And again, with the subway, just like the train, it's on tracks, so we say on. Yes, Reham, that is correct. By a bicycle, one can ride on it. Now, I want to be honest though here. Reham, I do hear native speakers sometimes say that they're gonna get in the subway. But the correct answer is get on the subway. Does anyone ride on the subway in your city? Yes, I'm glad I can make you laugh, Layla. See, that's the beauty of learning and teachers make mistakes too. And I think it's important for teachers to make mistakes to help students recognize that mistakes are okay and we learn from mistakes. Yes, good, Gertrude, subway, the metro, the tube, T-U-B-E, the tube is used in British English. Yes, Jojo. Mm-hmm, that would be correct. On three, excellent. So let me know, does anyone ride the subway? Do you get on the subway in your city? I do not have a subway near me. The most, let's see, I think the closest subway would be Chicago and they have what's called an L and it means it's L which is abbreviated for elevated train. So their subway does have certain parts that go under the ground, but most of it is built above the ground. The tracks are above the roads and the L, the elevated train drives through the city that way. Ah, so Tasha, you don't have a subway yet in Cracow. Are they building one? Leila, do you have a subway in your city? Yes, the Metro, Marcos, okay. Marcos, remind me what city do you live in if you don't mind me asking. Jojo, do they have a subway in Minneapolis? I'm curious. So Jonathan, you've been on a train a few times. I have been on a subway a very few times. I have been on a train. I have used a train for public transportation quite a few times in my life. Alyssa, never have I ever ridden a subway or a train. And Anna, can we say that them as train for subway to Monterey? Okay, so no. If you refer to a train, that is different. The subway is underground. The tube is the same thing as subway. So subway and tube are similar. It just depends on where you live. A monorail is different because it has one rail that the train is on. A monorail, mono is a prefix for one. And let's see what was your other question. Yes, I know it is confusing, Anna. Alyssa, no, not very, okay. So you've Gritrudis, you've been on a subway a few times in Santa Domingo. Oh yes, Marcos, I'm sorry. I apologize, I couldn't remember. I knew you were from Brazil, but I couldn't remember the city. So of course, Rio probably has quite a large subway system. Oh, so Pamela, you do not have a subway in the Dominican Republic. Reham, you like to get on the train. Monorail and subway, yes, they are different. A monorail has one rail and a monorail is above, it's like above the ground. Okay, Jojo, you can walk to work from your home so you don't have to ride public transportation. That's nice. Okay, so a train, when you refer to a train, Rahman, you don't, okay. When you refer to a train, Reham, you're referring to the entire structure of the transportation. When you refer to the engine, the engine is just the first car of the train. The engine is what powers the rest of the train. The engine is what has the driver in it or the engineer. The engineer is the person who drives the train. Ah, yes, Tasha, you are correct, I understand that. There's a lot of things that have to happen in order to develop public transportation that requires changes to the city's infrastructure when you have historical buildings. Okay, so let's take a look at this sentence. I wish this sentence was a true statement. And that is, we will go to the Bahamas on a ship or in a ship. Oh, so gratuitous, okay, gratuitous and Pamela. You guys will need to connect so you can learn more about the metro lines. Pamela, Pamela. So what is the answer to this one, students? We will go to the Bahamas. Remember, this is a large cruise ship, very large. And so in its public transportation, so we would say on. Yes. Guys, I think Ramen Lover is my son. Pasha, is that you? I think it's my son. Okay, Pamela Fernandez on a ship, yes. Marcos, are you on my life? Oh boy, okay. I didn't know I was teaching my own son. Now that is funny, guys. We will go to the Bahamas on a ship. Let's go to the Bahamas, right? How awesome is that? I was talking to my phone. I got distracted. Okay, today was a snow day here. We had some snow and so I didn't have school today. Okay, so let's continue. Let's get on the van and head to town. Or let's get in the van and head to town. Let's get in the van and head to town or let's get on the van and head to town. Teacher, can I say ride? Okay, it would be on a bike. You ride on a bike. And Samira, yes, you get in the van. Let's get in the van and head to town. Let's go get some ice cream. What do you guys think? Should we get some ice cream when we go in town? Okay, remember, a van is a private mode of transportation and some vans, you can get quite a few people in them but we still refer to it as in, in the van. Yes, Maya, I'm not sure if it's me or Maya. Okay, how about this one? I enjoy going for a ride on my horse or in my horse. What do you guys think? I enjoy going for a ride on my horse or in my horse. I enjoy going for a ride on my horse or in my horse. Yes, Teresa, I apologize. I, you told me that before, now that you said that. Oh my goodness, 3 a.m.  Yes, I'm seeing the answers come in on my horse. Good, yes, perfect. And rehab horse is H-O-R-S-E, you probably just typed it. You get on a horse because it is a mode of personal transportation. Only one, maybe two people can ride on it so you get on a horse. Okay, yes, so now we have a sentence. We're almost done with the lesson students so let's take a look at this sentence and your options that you can use. Yes, Teresa, Samira, it's okay. You have a lot on your mind, Samira. We have two different options. Or I'm sorry, what word are we gonna use? We have in, on, and at. In, on, and at. So what are we going to place in this sentence? We will get blank the train, blank the train station. So the first, the first blank is Leila is quick on the draw. Let's see what Leila has. We will get on the train at the train station. Okay, let's wait a moment and see other answers to come in. Marcos, Grotrudis, Samira, Jojo, with the full sentence. Okay, Teresa, I thought maybe you had told me that before. On the train, okay, so the answer is we will get on the train at the train station. When we are talking about places where you wait for your transportation, we use the preposition at. We will get on the train. You were correct the first time, Marcos. On the train at the train station. On the train at the train station. Oh, I apologize, Marcos. No, that was Diego. Yes, Teresa. On the train at the train station. So we will get on the train at the train station. This is sign language for train and this is sign language for at. And this is sign language for on. So when we're talking about the place that you go to use to get on the public transportation, you say at. I'm going to get on the bus at the bus station. If you are inside a room of a building at the bus station, that's when you would use in, okay? At the bus station is the property. If you are inside a building at the bus station, then you would use in. So now let's write a sentence using the preposition in or on and a mode of transportation. Let's write a sentence using either the preposition in or on and include a mode of transportation. I will wait a moment and see the answers. We are wrapping things up. This lesson took longer than I was suspecting today. I'm glad that we have used our time well. So Dwi, is your monorail something that is above the ground and your subway is something that is under the ground? The monorail also is a type of train that has one rail that it rides on. Mono is one rail. Okay, let's see. I was waiting for my friend at the airport. Yes, that is correct, Samira. I got on the bus to travel to another city. Good, great. Give it another moment here. A sentence using the preposition in or on and a type of transportation, a mode of transportation. I got on the bus to travel to another city. That is a great sentence, Layla. Thank you for sharing that. I think some of you are maybe thinking and typing your sentences. I go to school by getting on the bus. My family and I usually get in a car to go to the beach. Good, great, great sentences, students. I'm on the airplane at the moment. Great, JoJo. That is a great question. Oftentimes those are called trolleys. I think, Alyssa, I traveled to Florida on a plane. Trollies, great job, guys. Don't forget, I'm on TikTok, Instagram, and my personal YouTube channel is Learn English with Sherry, I'm in my car waiting for my friend. Great, excellent. I traveled to Florida on a plane. So, Alyssa, I'm going to, I'm on an airplane for a trip. Great job. Alyssa, I will respond to you in the chat. I have another class, so I do need to get going. I got in the car to go around at the bus. I like to go in a car, but unfortunately, I can't, so I usually go on a bus or on a tram. I hope I can get, I could get on the train to go somewhere in my life. We were going on holiday in our old and broken car and finally we find ourselves in the hospital. Oh my goodness, that would have been a terrible experience. I was waiting for the bus at the bus station. Okay, so guys, great job today. Thank you so much for attending the lesson. I hope you all have a wonderful day, morning, evening, ah. Okay, on a trolley, good, I'm glad. Thank you so much, everyone. Check back tomorrow on Learn English Live. I will post the homework and hello Javier, welcome. Everyone have a great rest of your week. Thanks again and I'll see you next week. See you later, bye everyone.


Hello people of the internet, my name is Johnny and welcome to the final episode, what I think will be the final episode of FNAF Ruins. Now first and foremost, there's something I accidentally skipped over in the last video, and that was a few dialogue lines between Cassie and Roxanne, as we're about to reboot her, and everyone's pissed that I skipped over it. Listen, if there's a button prompt on my screen, you betcha I'm gonna press that button prompt. So... Let's get these dialogues. Why don't we? Hello. No, actually. Let's close, hey, mine's on the 12th. Oh, that's cute. Mm-hmm. Oh. Is that it? Okay. See what I mean? Steel Wolf, there's a button prompt on my screen.   I think this was the big emotional part that one of the Steel Wolf devs was talking about. Yeah, it'd be a lot more impactful if she didn't come back literally like 10 minutes later in the in the Mimic Boss fight, but... Lemau, get honed. So I got a list here of a whole bunch of secrets we're going to find in this final episode of Ruin. Some of them are gonna take a really long time to get. Like, this is a brand new ending. There's a way to actually see Glamrock Bonnie himself. But first up, the thing that we kind of saw in the first video, but that I want to go take another look at, was actually the blob. Wasn't the best shot, but... There, there he is. The like one second of screen time he actually gets in the DLC. It's so weird to me that there's so much in... Hello? So much mimicry with... Hello? Can I talk, please? Between the Mimic and Burntrap, obviously. And you don't see a, you don't see a lick of Burntrap. Because obviously there's something going on there with the lure, but then you just straight up get the blob. So there's no like, thing for the blob. You know, like the mimics, the thing for Burntrap. There's no thing for the blob. I'm being vague because I don't actually know the lure between the mimic and Burntrap. Did Burntrap actually exist? I don't know. I mean, we got these, these comic strip panels that I've seen a lot of people kind of question. Gregory drew these and these are representing the endings in the main game that didn't actually happen, right? So one of those would be Burntrap. But it's like you got to blob this. I don't know. It's, it's confusing, but yeah, the blob shows up. And now, speaking of people showing up. Blondie! It's funny, when this title screen showed up, I've seen a lot of people's reaction like, Is that it? That's the end of the DLC? It's like, obviously not. Like people thought this was a, like a thank you for playing the ruined DLC. That'd be hilarious if we waited a year and a half just for that. Now quite frankly, I kind of have to play through the whole DLC again because something else I want to get in this video is all of the collectibles. And I'm not entirely sure which ones I've missed. So I'm using a very handy dandy guide here created by MysticKip. I'm going to leave their video link down below. If you're having trouble finding all the, all the collectibles, you know, there's, there's your video. It's a full guide. Hello, Maskbot. God, I love you so much, man. It's weird how this isn't really explained. Like mass, Maskbot just kind of gives out these AR masks. Anyways, our first collectible is in this very room actually. She'd be right back here. I believe I got it though. Wow, look at me. Already missed it. The AR glam Monty Plush. It's hard to look at. Visually, correct. All right. Well, now let's go phase through these boxes, but we have to go around and deactivate every single wet floor bot. You can see apparently I've already done this one. And that is how you unlock Glamrock Bonnie. Kessie, we've been over this. We played through the whole DLC already. Got that secret. Awesome. And another secret we got to get is actually the third and final ending. And we get that by using these camera stations. Around the map, there's going to be select cameras that if we zoom out on, there is a secret camera. We click on that and it opens a door in the mimic boss fight chase scene. Now I have no clue what's behind those doors, but apparently there's like three or four doors around camera stations we got to find. Now there is an AR item right here, but something I miss completely. If you take off your mask, there's another collectible. And I believe this is a comic strip. Yes, it is the van ending. Ooh, bit of lag there. But obviously a lot of people wouldn't miss that because well, you got to put on your mask anyway to get into this area. And then you're already distracted by an AR item. So a lot of people can miss that item. Right behind here is another AR item, but we got that one. I also do apologize if this video in particular, this episode ruin is kind of all over the place. There's just a lot of stuff I want to do in this last video. So I got a full list here. I'm just going to be reading it off and trying to find everything that we have left to do. That doesn't seem right. But I'm going to try and leave in every map bot, every item I get. Just in case if you guys are also stuck on those things, you can just watch this video follow along. Again, I'm going to be going start to finish basically throughout the whole DLC. So there should be no jumping around. Over here, there is yet another map bot. I believe I deactivated this one. I did not. All right. All right. In this room, there are two map bots to deactivate. Got this guy over here. Again, I'm so sorry. The crying is really disturbing. And then there was one over near the security office door and Mechs is just spawned in. Mechs, is that how you pronounce it? Oh my God. They did not like the fact I deactivated them. After you open up the monitor, you'll of course see an empty space. And then once it loads in, you fall out of bounds. After restart the game, you load back in. There's a map bot right over here that you can deactivate. There we go. I did see some behind the scenes. Apparently when you put the mask on and off, it actually teleports you between two different... Hello. Two different maps. And every now and then, I guess the game bugs out and it doesn't know what map you're on and then it just teleports you into space. Now entering daycare, you go right up this staircase and you may think, wait, I can't use my mask. How am I supposed to get past this glitched item? Well, if you get really close to it, you can actually phase right through.  I couldn't get my A or a moon plush. I've never slept better than I did in the daycare. That's wonderful, Cassie. You slept in the daycare? Whoa, hello. Ah, that's right. You got to go back up here, toggle it off, and now you can walk out. So interesting, it does seem like Cassie's been to not only the daycare, but like the entire pizza plaques. So she knows quite a lot about this place and the characters. Hello, moon. God, he's so sick. He's so cool, man. It was very interesting.  And that didn't really happen. It was, you know, moment to moment, like Ray said. Once again, another thing. Oh, I can't get in there. Get up really close. Now you can. Yeah, I was intrigued to see the path they took with what characters are active at what moment. Fun, fun, fun. Because I truly thought everyone was just going to be wandering around and you had to dodge them. But now this, this turned out way different. And honestly, I'm kind of, I'm kind of glad it did. So anyways, now let's get past the daycare segment. I wanted a lot more of the daycare attendant in ruin. And even though this was a very small segment of the game, honestly, I think it was perfect. But man. All right. So there's quite a few items in the daycare actually, as well as one of the map bots. So right over here, there's an item. I think it's like the sun pinata. Oh, that's so creepy. I think they made like specific poses for him, like grabbing at the play structure. That is so cool. Anyways, the, I think we got most of the items in the daycare. So it might be difficult for me to actually show you where they are. That's the first gen. See you later, moon. No, we're going to keep the sun, actually. I like the sun. He's a good guy, unlike you. You super mean. There is another item right behind this counter, which I don't believe I got. Let's take a quick peek. It's an AR item. Yeah, I didn't get it. All right. Let's see what it is. The AR sun plush. I used to have so much fun in the daycare. Okay. So some more evidence that that Cassie has been to the daycare before. She's been to the pizza plex before. And now there is another item at the top of this play structure, which I do think I got. So I can't actually show you that. Let's get this puzzle done.  Oh my God, he's right behind me. I believe if you have your mask on, you'll hear the sun's dialogue. But if you have your mask off, I believe you only hear the moon's dialogue. There you go. Case proven. Unless that's his dialogue to the generator. I'm not entirely sure. So drop down here. There's once again another map bot. I keep calling them the map bots, the wet floor bots. You know what I mean. Now we can go deactivate his Goofy Ah. How are you doing? Get rebooted. Hiya. And it's cool because we can actually see what the daycare attendant is supposed to act like towards kids in the form of the eclipse character. Look at him fly around. Oh, his teeth moving is so weird. I think the audio socket behind just the cutscene lacked. Yeah, it definitely did. Thank you. No problem, man. Though unfortunately, you're not going to see another child inside of that daycare because I don't think any kid would want to come into this establishment now. So a neat part about this endo section that I believe I'm also not making up is if you activate these two nodes, you don't actually need to do the puzzle down here to open the door because you can.  So the door automatically opens up. And in here, it's of course going to lag. In here, there is a map bot back here. There is a AR collectible right here, which I've already gotten. How sweet. So inside the theater right behind this speaker on the left side, you've got another bot we can deactivate. And also something interesting, I believe I'm stuck. I believe I pointed out in my video on this camera, it shows Gregory running away from Vanny. And that's actually Vanny's only appearance in ruin. Right there. She's wearing my mask. Well, they look visually pretty different if you saw our, like every YouTuber's analysis trailer video. You'll know they're pretty different Cassie. Right up here inside of the daycare's little hideout area, there is an AR collectible. There's a few Easter eggs I want to point out as well as yet another bot we can deactivate. So the AR collectibles right up there, you just climb up using that slope. The bot I've not deactivated is right in here. If I can jump up, there we go. And like I said, there's a few secrets to in particular I want to point out. There we go. Specifically these, which are not here when you take off the mask. Now I'm no theorist, but butters. I think, I think we all know what that's referring to. And also if you look up, which is something I don't imagine many people would do, you get the eclipse from the balloon world mini game, which is absolutely terrifying. Look at him go. So he'll flash up every now and then sometimes he'll like stay for a long period of time. Kind of like right there. This guy's going to show up and ruin all the fun. Whoa. I'm done. I'm done. Don't worry. All right. We are now at the Monty Catwalks. So we got this guy down here, which I believe you should be able to get through. There we go.  Then we got to make our way out to one of the camera stations, because this is where we get our second secret camera. To unlock the final mini game. So right here, I believe. Well, first off, we got that chair, but I think it's this camera. If we zoom out. There, wait. Here it is. I was like, wait a second. That doesn't look like that's the secret camera. But yeah, you just got to zoom out a whole bunch. You are right here and Monty is right there. Right here. There is don't fall Cassie. How am I supposed to get this? Oh, I can be safe on the rail. There's another comic strip. This time of the 6am ending, I think that is, where Gregory gets into a box and then Vinny just kind of sneaks up on him. And there is also somewhere around here, a way to get onto Monty's show stage. And behind the stage, there are a couple secrets as well as another cleaning bot. Should be right on this edge. Yes. All right.  And now you're underneath Monty's hologram on his show stage.  And you've got the Monty Shrine. Look at this, as well as a map art you can deactivate. Just a whole bunch of Monty memorabilia, cutouts, his legs even, plushies, t-shirts. Just a whole bunch of stuff. His glasses as well. Oh, I wish I could take them and put them on. Yeah, that is the Monty Shrine. And then once you come out of the tunnel, you've got yet another Aura item over there. And then there's also the Aura Sun Pinata in the main catwalks area. But I've already gotten that, and frankly, I forget where it is exactly. All right. We are out of Monty's catwalks. We are now at the Repair of Gondola section. And if you go right down here, right past all the other gondolas, and shrubbery, I guess, you're going to find another door, walk through here, and you're going to find yet another bot to deactivate. So sorry, buddy. I got to find all the secrets. Hopefully you have a better life, well, in the afterlife. Oh. He came back for a quick second, but no, he's out for the count. And right past this door, right before we get to the bakery, below these staircases, there is another Aura item. I think it's the Foxy Plush, but I have already gotten it. So up to the bakery where we go. And then once we are inside the kitchen for the bakery, let's have a look around. There should be a Glamrock Bonnie plushie hiding somewhere. I think it's out this way. Seems like it. Yep, I can see it. The Glamrock Bonnie plushie AR edition. And to actually see Glamrock Bonnie himself, like I said, got to go around and deactivate all these guys, and you're going to find another one right in the middle of the lower room of the kitchen. Make your way out now to the Carl encounter. Good old Mr. Cupcake. I still love this cutscene. I watch it every time. And you have to, too. I'm leaving it in the video. Just look at my boy. So cool. And also right after this cutscene, there is our final comic strip that I have personally. But there's also quite a few more once you continue on with the game. And I think this should be comic strip number four. So after Carl knocks you down, just look behind you. There's going to be a little cubby right here in between the walls. And like I said, this is comic book page number four, seven. I'm still missing four. But that is the Disassemble Vanny ending. I'm sorry. I really thought that was going to be the one I was missing, but no, apparently there's still more to get. But once you're past Chica, you turn off the thing that's jamming your mask. Just backtrack a little bit. Right over here is going to be another AR item. That is the Chica lunchbox. Then go inside Carl's mouth. The room off to your right is going to be another one of these guys. And Mechs is just spawned in. So let's get this done quick. And then, ooh, there's another one of these. The AR Foxy Mask. Honestly, I haven't even gotten that far in the video just yet. And there should be, yes, another one of you. In this room, help me, please stop talking to me. There's another one of these staff bots. Hello, buddy. And then right above us on that platform, there is yet another prize. And I believe it's the AR Golden Freddy plushie. And I might have already gotten it. Yes, I have, but it's going to be right there. Making our way now into the beauty salon. Hello, Roxanne. He's still crying. Oh, boo-hoo. Boo. You're not trying hard enough, are you? Poor Foxy. Hmm. Who's there? Not me. You can hide from me. I can hide conveniently behind this box.  So right over here, you may have already seen is another bot. There's going to be another AR collectible right there, but I've already gotten it. So I'm just going to turn you off. Adios. Go outside of the beauty salon right now. Go over here and admire the beauty of Roxanne. Hello, but don't take too long because there's yet another gift box over here. And this is comic book number four. There we go. And now we got to get out that way towards the cam station because that is where we unlock yet another secret door to get the last ending. And apparently I... Wait a second. All right. I've made it through now. Go out this way. There's yet another bot. I've already deactivated him. Up this way. There's yet again another AR collect... Excuse you. Another AR collectible, which I have also apparently gotten. So I'm good. I'm all set. I was not good, nor all set. Now, if you make your way towards this camera, quickly before you do the puzzle, zoom out. There is the third secret camera. And I'm going to quickly get back to doing this because I don't want to die to Chica again. And also right there is another map bot you can deactivate. Let's quickly run out this way though. Get our final node. And then there is another room. Hold up. Let's let Chica pass unless she's going to get stuck on stuff. There she goes. This room on the right, there is once again another bot to deactivate. And I've not gotten him. All right. So let's get him. All right. Apparently there are no secrets or items. Hello, you guys. You look great. Inside of the foxy log flume area as well as the area where you fight Monty and then you electrocute him. So just go ahead, speed your way through those areas and let's go back up to the raceway. If the door wants to load right in this room, we don't care about Gregory Cassie. We don't need him. All we need is map bot, not map bot. I'm sorry.  And once again, another Aero collectible. And I don't think I've been reading their descriptions, but also at the same time, I feel like they're not that important. Did they even get that? Yes, I did. What did that say? What did that say? Where are you? Show me you. Here, sleep. Yeah. I mean, can you see why I'm not reading these? What did Bonnie say? Dad wouldn't tell me why they replaced Bonnie. Maybe I should start reading these. A prototype. Very suspicious. What were these comic books titled? Gregory must have seen that mask before. Should be an artist when he grows up. Okay. Yeah, so I don't think there's anything too, too important about the, excuse me, chair, about the description. So if I don't read all of them out, I do apologize. But like I said, I don't seem that important. Hello? No, I don't need it. You're not even playing your audio, man. You really don't care if I need assistance. It's fine, Cassie. He didn't even, he didn't even speak a single word. So down here, we're going to encounter Roxanne. So, and also that guy apparently. All right, let's just call you. Hello, hello. Go get him. Great, Roxanne. He's not that, there you go. And at some point down the line, there was going to be a, one of these containers. Roxanne, what, Gregory's down that way. Come on. Keep, keep going. You got this. He's, you're going to get him. I believe in you. All right, there she goes. Now we're going to be on the lookout for one of these big crates, one of these big containers. I called it twice. So right after the first door that Roxie breaks down right over here is yet another comic. And if we continue out this way, ignoring Roxanne, it's this crate that we're looking for. That's going to have yet another A or item. I know, Cassie. We're working on it, girl. And then after the second door, right before we go over there and get run over by a go cart, there should be another bot right over this way. So I need to put my mask on. If only I could deactivate you in the real world. I could probably just take a crowbar and bop your over the head. But this is probably a bit more peaceful for you and less aggressive for me. And now let's go get run over.  I wonder if you can die there. That'd be pretty funny. Anyways, out this way, we get encountered by Roxanne. There's a few more matte bots we're going to take care of. Hello. Roxanne, calm down. Wrong guy, wrong guy. Anyways, a few matte bots in here we're going to find. And Gregory's going to be annoying the whole time. Great. So right in the back of the gift shop, there's another one of these guys. Help you can please be quiet. I'm getting some collectibles and getting some secrets. Bonniebowl's interesting because, again, it seems like the game's bugged a bit. And the last bot you need to deactivate has to be in Bonniebowl. Oh, this doesn't look too friendly. There's another one of you guys. How are you doing? And there should be, yes, another gift box right here. And this one should have a Fazz token, weirdly enough. Now, I'm not sure if you can get an extended version of Candy Cadet's story because we've already used like all of the... Yeah, we had five Fazz tokens. That's where we got the mimic story from Candy Cadet. I wonder if we keep using more tokens, if we get, again, that story but extended or maybe another story we're gonna have to find out. Now, in this area, there's actually another secret that I want to show you guys and I don't know which room it's in exactly. I don't think it's that one. I think that one might have one of the comic pages. It might be this room. Yeah!  There's also some tally marks. Keep these in mind because we're gonna see some more tally marks later on in the video and these might be for a brand new wall code that we have to solve. Oh yeah, so here is the present I was talking about earlier. It's not in that room, it's the room next to it. All right, now we can make our way up to Bonnie Bowl and this is kind of where our secret hunting ends because we got the final secret camera where you have to zoom out in Bonnie Bowl. We've got the final few floor bots that we got to deactivate in Bonnie Bowl. There's a few other collectibles we got to get in here as well. First one is going to be in this bathroom. It's going to be right there on that toilet, actually. All right, where that music man is. So, if you're going for that prize, definitely stay in the lookout for that guy. And now, while we do this, I got to make sure... Look at them bouncing around. I got to make sure I don't die because these guys are everywhere and they are fast.  This is going to be yet another AR collectible that, again, I've already gotten so I don't need to worry about it. But just in case you don't have it, it's going to be right there. Opening this door up, there should be a map bot right over here and I can't use my mask just yet.  Why do you... Why do you look away from me? That's a bit rude. Yeah, I got to deactivate that thing over there. So, let me lure out these music mans. There's a bot over here near the sign of Bonnie Bowl in the hallway and this should be... Oh God, my camera's moving on its own again. This should be our final bot to deactivate. Right now, let's head out this way and this should be our final secret camera. There we go, doors open. Now, let us lure these guys away. So, we can unlock this final node and you might be able to see the floor bot is there. And the music mans are also there, apparently. All right, here we go. This is our final bot and once we deactivate him, we can see Glamrock Bonnie. Yes, dude. There's also a collectible. I'm going to take this off. Don't want any other bunnies sneaking up on us. Oh my God. Here he is. Now, unfortunately, I was spoiled by his model because of the tutorial. But look at the dude. It's so crazy. We actually have Glamrock Bonnie now. There's also something special you can do. You can see his eyes are all glowing and lit up. Well, if we deactivate these guys, last one here, remember? The eyes are glowing. You can even see them turn off if you're fast enough. Oh my gosh. I cannot wait to see people actually like rig this model and pose him because I want to see what he looks like when he's not, you know, crashed and broken on the floor. But what are you doing back here, man? Here, let's get this collectible before we forget.  Look at him. He's so cute. And I think that's all that's back here. So that's how you get out. But yeah, man. Oh, hey, guys. Glamrock, frickin' Bonnie. I really hope at some point, either in a new DLC or in the next game or whatever Steal World does after Help Wanted 2. Or maybe, who knows? Maybe he'll show up in Help Wanted 2. I just want to see Glamrock Bonnie in action because he's just, he's such a cool character, man. And I don't want him to just be dead on the floor. I want you to do something. Oh, you can, that's an overhead shot. Oh, poor Bonnie. We'll see you, man. It was cool seeing you as a secret character. Wow. And I called it too. I was like, you know, not many people are talking about Glamrock Bonnie anymore, but I feels like we're going to see him in ruin. And lo and behold, we did. Yeah, super weird when he was destroyed. They didn't bring him back to his green room. It just kind of left him in the back bowling alley. Here's the other telemarks, by the way. People have been busy deciphering that. A lot of fours, fives, and twos, apparently. I don't think we've solved it just yet, but if we do, I'll be sure to make a video on it because there's already so many secrets that have been solved because of ruin. This is a trippy part of the game. And we fly past a few objects, like the Glitchtrap plushie. And I still don't know what the second one is. Let's have a look. It's coming up. Matbots, that's right. Maybe it was the third one then. It was like this white figure. It could be Vanny. There's a Fasgun. Maybe it doesn't show up. Oh, there it is. Hmm. If you guys know what that is, please feel free to let me know in the comments. And then we got the Princess Quest sword and all the enemies. Most likely meeting that Princess Quest was the canon ending. So now entering Phaser Blast, instead of going that way to Freddy, let's take a left. Keep going. There's another collectible right here. And in the maze itself, when you're getting the nodes, you can find the, I think it's the Freddy lunchbox, I want to say. It's some item. So cute. It's Helpy's description. That's nice. What is Freddy? Super Star. Well, he's not my Super Star anymore. Freddy! Just say prototype on his foot. Hello, Freddy. He's so terrifying. Look at him. Oh boy. Yeah. A lot of people have been questioning if he is our original Freddy from main game security breach because of that prototype writing on his foot. Now I got to make my way out of this maze before he catches me. And I don't think there's any collectibles in here that there is another comic book once we get into that room where we are about to go into the vent with DJ Music Man. Yeah. So right in this room, if you have your mask off, there's going to be another collectible right there. That's going to be one of the comic books. Hello, Music Man. Look at you. So once we dodge Music Man, right behind here is yet another faz token. Going to have to use that on candy cadet once we get down to the mimics area. Right here, there's a glitchy wall. There's going to be another AR item in there. And now we make our way out to the Roxanne Raceway in full right behind these barrels of trash. I think it's here. Yes. All right. So one of the final garages, there's going to be an item in the back, the Bonnie lunchbox. All right. We are now in the mimics underground layer and all the collectibles from here on out we got in the last video, but it seems like they've reset. So we're going to get them anyway. There's one faz token right over here. There's another faz token over there towards the entrance of the building. There we go. And we should at the end of this have seven faz tokens. And again, I don't know if we can get more than five dialogue lines at a candy cadet because that's what I got last time. I just realized I was crouching the whole time. Maybe that's why it was difficult to get up on the rocks. But here's our third faz token underground. There's going to be a fourth one right behind this door. Over there's candy cadet. We'll get to him in a second. Anyways, down here we're going to find Cassie. Cassie, if you played security breach, FNAF at Freddy's security breach, you would know. Yeah. That is the final faz token behind this door is actually our final collectible, which saved that one for some reason. So let's have a look. Seven, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven. Yep. Now let's use one candy cadet. I would love to use the one candy cadet. Can I not? I can't. Wait, no candy. I why can't I use the one candy cadet? Maybe because I've already gotten his story, but then I don't see why it would reset my tokens. I don't know. I don't think his story continues. I don't think it does. I'll have a look though. It's weird. Well, let me play the story.  Whose name is that on the backpack? That's Gregor's name on the backpack. Oh my God, camera. Please don't be all over the place during the during the new ending. You may have seen in the last video, I pointed out that there was a suit towards the end of that, towards the end of the mimic cutscene. And right over there, you can't really see it. I think, oh no, you can see it's shadow. You can see the trunk and the the ears, a bit of the party hat as well of the elephant suit. And also in that room, again, you can kind of see it towards the end of the mimic cutscene. You can see a bird suit, which kind of has like librarian glasses on. It's kind of funny. And we should, if we've done everything correctly, see yet another new suit. Like I said, unfortunately, I've been spoiled on the design, but you guys just wait. Yes, there it is. Look at that. This ending, this reveal is so sick. What are you? Complete darkness now. Look at that. The suit is like all stitched together. There's the bird suit with the librarian glasses. It does kind of sound like you can hear the mimic kind of trying to mimic Roxanne as they fight. Speaking of the mimic, there they are. Look at that suit. So from the looks of it, it seems like it's a combination of the suits inside that room and also like a line. Oh, I gotta run now. I gotta run now. He's after me. Okay, here it comes. Here it comes. Now to get the third and final ending, if you go that way, that's the second ending, the Fredbear ending. We should have all these doors open now. Yes. Okay, I've not seen what the actual ending is. I was spoiled on the suit, but I have no clue what happens when we go into this room. Okay, he's still after us. Okay, door shut. Button, button, button, button. I wouldn't get that close to the glass. Yeah, that's why.   It looked like, um, so that just happened.  What was that contraption? Ooh, okay, so apparently that's the scooper ending. That doesn't really look like the scooper. All right, if there's a post-cred, it's gonna happen soon, but people have also pointed out how it looks very similar to the afton ending it from the main game. Hello, camera. Hello, where do you want me to be? Where do you, I'm gonna stay here. You stay there. Um, with the mimic kind of walking up and then something grabbing him from behind and pulling him. Hmm, I wonder if that's like the real equivalent of what the burn trap ending was. If we've done everything correctly, if we go to chapter select, we have every single collectible from every single chapter. That means we've 100% ruin. So that is it for gameplay videos on ruin. I still want to do other videos kind of talking about my thoughts on the ending, my thoughts on some of the mystery solved with ruin, especially Glamrock Bonnie's reveal. I was not expecting ruin to be like that. If I'm being completely honest, it was very different from what I was expecting. I don't think that's a bad thing though. I'm really glad Steel all kind of took the risk to do something completely out there, drastically different from the main game. And from just the small receptions I've seen online, it seems like it's paid off. I think I'll do a video or live stream comparing my predictions video from what we actually got in ruin because there are a few things I was disappointed by, mainly not seeing certain characters like DJ Music Man, Vanny Vanessa, but quite frankly, even just replaying it now for all the collectibles, it is so much fun. The gameplay can be a little repetitive here and there, just going back and forth during the same puzzles over and over again, but the moment to moment with the animatronics and the AR kind of make up for that repetitive gameplay anyway, so I don't really have much to complain about with ruin. Character designs were fantastic. Especially Frick and Freddy. He's a standout for me, obviously. The lore was certainly interesting. I think compared to most FNAF games and especially main game security breach, it was a lot more linear, both in the gameplay and in the lore. It feels like they really took the time to make it a bit more condensed and straightforward, which I'm sure a lot of people will appreciate that. And I'm very curious to see what this means for the future of FNAF, because this feels like, I think I mentioned this briefly to some people, like the modern equivalent of sister location with how much it changes FNAF going forward, because we've got the mimic now from the goddamn books. He's officially in the game, which means Afton is theoretically officially dead. You know, we've got all this AR technology that Fazbear Entertainment has made. I'll probably, like I said, do a stream talking about ruin with you guys going over what I thought was gonna happen, what did actually happen, and yeah, I guess stay on the lookout for that, because that's where I'll really get into reviewing ruin. That's gonna do it for gameplay on ruin. Thank you so much for watching this series. Hopefully you enjoyed it, and I'll see you all on the flip side. Goodbye.


Today, we celebrate International Guide Dogs Day 2019 with a focus on guide dog access. For over 50 years, guide dogs have been made welcome in homes, workplaces, on streets and public spaces around the country, but there is still work to be done. Nationally, we have found that in the last two years, one in two clients of Guide Dogs Australia have been refused access to a public place because of their guide dog. All across Australia, these places have included hotels, shopping centres, fruit shops, cinemas, taxis, offices, domestic airports, hospitals, service stations, clubs, stores, delis, cruises and alarmingly over 70% of our clients reported refusal in the last two years from cafes and restaurants. We ask you, why should a person be denied entry to a public place because of their mobility aid? In a recent survey, 48% of our clients said they have changed their behaviours to avoid certain places or venues in a bid not to feel the frustration, humiliation, upset, anger, sadness, annoyance, stress and disappointment that comes with being turned away. So help us this year to educate the public and spread the word about guide dog access rights. You can use the hashtag guide dogs can go anywhere. This video has been produced for Guide Dogs Australia.


Hey everyone, this is Jono Bacon and thank you for joining me for my session I'm thrilled to be here and thank you of course to the Linux Foundation for putting all of this on I hope you're all safe and well wherever you may be in the world So today we're gonna talk about doing open core well And I'm gonna share my screen and we're gonna get right into the actions bear with me. You lovely people all right Okay, so So Open core is a pretty let me go there. Oh hang on. There we go. Open core. It's a pretty complicated subject It's been a pretty controversial subject Across the open-source world And one of the reasons for that is because there's been a number of companies that have sprung up in recent years that are trying to balance this This balance between an open-source project that adds a lot of value that people can use and they can download and they can Contribute to with a commercial product that sits on top of it or sits near it And over the years we've seen various people expressing Some concerns about this, you know, for example Simon and Matt and various other people And I think a lot of this this this concern is quite reasonable And that's typically because kind of the balance in the culture of the participation in in an open core project project Is just it's not quite the same as a regular open-source open-source project. Okay Now I've struggled with this over the over the time because over the over the last 20 years that I've been involved in open source. We've seen many Many companies be successful We've seen the red hats and other folks like that and they've taken models that are very very different But we're seeing a whole range of different companies who've been very successful with open core And it all begs the question. Is this the right thing for open source more broadly? Like a good example of this is something like vault Which is a very popular open-source project and this is this has been facilitated by hashy corp And there's no denying their success and there's been a lot of people who've been incredibly passionate about About the the products that they build and the projects that they work on all these different elements So I don't really want to get into the question of whether open core is Um a good model or is the right model or is the best model to me The thing about open core is that it can if it's facilitated correctly I think I think it can work pretty well But I think one of the reasons why we've seen some of this Some of these challenges with open core and some of this feedback and some of these criticisms Is because culturally it's kind of unusual to to to many open source folks. Okay We are a big A big collection of cultures in the open source world You've got open source and apache and you've got free software and all of these different groups And it even subdivides into specific areas such as you know The ubuntu community and the debi and community and the fedora community all of these different all these different subgroupings So my general view has been I think open core can work Well, if it is executed effectively if i'm being completely honest with you I think one of the reasons why people struggle with it is because many companies don't execute it effectively So what I want to cover in this session is essentially my Roadmap of some of the things I think we should focus on when doing open core You've effectively decided that you're going to work on an open core project That's the way your business is going to be structured You're going to have an open source project and then a product that sits on top of it And and and you're going to use the open core model to generate revenue as well as building Technology in the in the open source project as well Now a lot of people I think certainly when I talk to companies and I'm working with companies around open core They think it's a technology problem. They're like, how do I configure my github repo correctly? And how do I get the right people involved and and how do I incentivize people and how do I How do I build the tech in a certain way? And I actually don't think it's a technology problem I think it's a culture problem and it's about bridging two different cultures. You've got the open source project over here Which is all about providing a level play in field open Code review and issue tracking and discussion and all these different elements and then you've got The that the company over here, which is all about generating an effective business and generating revenue So when we break open core down, there's kind of two primary components to this Okay, we've got the project and if you think about most open source projects It is all about and as it should be about a level playing field an open source project really succeeds when you've got a diverse range of people participating in terms of gender in terms of Sex in terms of race and there's all of these different elements as well as ideas and background and perspectives and approaches Now you've also got the product side of things and typically with most companies. They get to make the decisions around the products Okay, so I think where we see these cultural challenges is actually in this middle ground is in this This kind of connective tissue between the project and the product So I think when you look at the vault and the hashi corp and another example will be git lab who I think have done an amazing job With their open core business is they've really perfected that middle ground. They've nailed it They've got it down and they've built a good cultural connection between the project and the product The businesses that I think get it wrong and the projects that get it wrong There's kind of a division starts forming between these two different sides So everything I'm going to cover in this session is all about Understanding and refining that central middle ground. Okay So I want to cover six principles I'm going to try and get through these as quickly as possible in this session because I want to leave some time Uh for some for some q&a at the end, okay All right, so let's get into the first one the first principle really is Does the market and industry want your project and products, right? It might sound a little obvious, but There needs to be a need And uh, and I think this breaks down into a number of different areas One is that open source really isn't a panacea I've worked with a lot of companies in my career Where they've got a product and they think all we need to do is create an open source project and we can bring people in It's the perfect it's the perfect situation, right? We we gain excitement We get people involved as part of the open source project and then it's going to generate a ton of leads and a ton of revenue And in many cases that doesn't happen So open source is not going to solve all of your problems We need to first of all break it down into does your project actually solve a pain point? Does it add some kind of value? Does it do something that adds value in the world? Just being open source itself is not enough just being free software itself is not enough, okay so Does can you create a project that in itself completely standalone can add value to the world? Now the next question in my mind is going to be Is there a realistic project project product market fit in there? Does the product that you create add something valuable on top of that project? So a good example of that will be matamos matamos is an open source Chat platform similar to slack And you can go and use the open source version Completely by itself and get a load of value out of it a lot of people do that and they've got a lovely community wrapped around it But then they've got an enterprise product that sits on top of it that helps with You know corporate integration all these different elements. So there's a logical There's a logical value on both sides of that equation But the next question is going to be a people can actually pay for the product Now sometimes amazing how many businesses actually leave this question to kind of some of the time and they'll cover that later on But this is really important. Okay, because Are they going to pay for it and how much are they going to pay are important questions? And then we also need to be clear on what participation looks like especially with competitors If you're building an open source an open core project You're going to have to be comfortable with your competitors potentially participating and contributing to that project Just look at any typical open source project. Look at linux lots of people Contributing and participating in linux from radically competing companies. Okay So the second area here is going to be who are your target audience? Right? Who do you want to bring into this? And again, this might sound like a bit of a baseline element here But I think it's really important because there are many different audiences out there. There's users of the software There's customers who buy the product. There's what I call the inner developers These are the people who contribute to the core open source project itself And then you've got outer developers. These are the people who will build These are the people who will build Technology that sits on top of it such as plugins or apps that sit on top of a platform You've got contributors in different forms people who write docs people who do translations You've got commercial partners who will maybe go and do affiliate marketing and And run partner programs. These are very different audiences with very different needs Okay, so we need to be clear and prioritize who who our audience should be because To be completely honest with you you're never going to be able to Satisfy everybody all of the time. So we need to prioritize and focus on the right pieces With most of the companies I work with on the open source project side They care most about inner developers and users And the product side they care about customers So we need to make sure we design the journey for both of those sides because they're very different What a customer needs will be very very different to what an inner developer in a project is going to need The way I would recommend you do this is to use this model that I've been kind of developing over the course of my career I call it the community participation framework Where the best experiences in the world are journeys You know if you go to disney world if you go to a good restaurant if you buy a video game The first steps in that journey are very carefully orchestrated to make sure that you can have the best possible experience We need to do the same thing with our communities So I you know in a nutshell and I cover this in my other talks and in my book people powered You define your audience, which is the little person there on the left You on ramp them to to generate something of value Which is really critical and then you nurture them from being initial casual participants to regulars And then onto core and the little lumps in there are the incentives that you drop in to move them forward So if you want to build a great open core project You need to build an intentional journey for your open source contributors as well as your customers And they should be separate if you make it the same journey. That's where you're going to start getting into hot water All right, so let's get on to the third one now This is this is a big one. Do you have an open accessible project infrastructure now? This is often where a lot of companies who I've worked with in open core This is where they often start right, but there's a reason why this is number three of my six areas that I want you to focus on and the reason for this is that Um, we need to figure out the cultural pieces first as I mentioned earlier on this is this is a culture challenge It is not a a technology challenge Now this number three here is the technology piece of things But if we don't have a clear have clarity on our audiences and what they want and how we engage with them And the standards of conduct and expectations if we don't have those clear then all of the technology decisions in the world are not going to Fix the lack of trust and the and the cultural challenges that you're going to face between these two different parts of the of the fence Okay, so when I think about the open infrastructure pieces, this is all about defaulting to open. Okay Um, use an open source license now. I'm not going to get into whether it should be a permissive license or a copy left license I will leave that as an exercise for all of you to go and enjoy that debate Um, but have some kind of open source license You can't have an open source project if you don't have an open source license So open core requires the the the the open source license You absolutely need to make sure that you have open code issues and documentation. I kind of see this as four priorities here. Okay The most critical priority is going to be open code You just cannot have an open source project if you don't have open peer reviewed code The second is open issue tracking. This is where people file bugs and defects and other bits and pieces Um, the third is going to be conversation You need to make sure that people can discuss the project and what should go into it in the architecture And then the fourth is road mapping not all projects have completely open road mapping. I'm okay with that I'd love open road mapping if you can do it, but it's not a core requirement But if you want to build a real open core Community you absolutely need to have open code issues and communication and the documentation piece kind of fits into that too So, um, we make sure that we've got that peer reviewed workflow And what's important about that is that when your engineers in your company Submit a pull request it needs to be reviewed out in the open Even if the only people reviewing it in the early stages of your project or other engineers in your company That's fine. We have to adhere to the openness if you don't do that You're not going to earn the respect of it being a real open source project. Okay, so And that's one of the reasons why the the on ramps are so critical because you can bake that peer review process Into the onboarding experience for example of your inner open source developers Now the open communication I think is really important And this can sometimes be difficult for companies who are less familiar with open source Who want to go down an open core direction? Because it's culturally normal to go into a meeting room and have a conversation with a small set of people But it's important that we don't do that. We need to make sure that we are Having conversations out in the open where possible now There are exceptions to that rule for example if you're discussing security defects Or you're discussing something that only relates to the the commercial product you can have that privately That's fine. But for the open source project, we need to operate out in the open So the open communication channels and meetings are essential And as a general rule just try to avoid code dumps again This is a cultural difference between some companies and some projects What companies will think I dumped this massive chunk of open source code in github They're gonna love it Well, not really because it's actually it's an incredible amount of work to understand that code And and break it down and and make it maintainable You know, I will point you to star office as a historical lesson for that particular that particular piece All right, so let's get on to number four now I think this is This is really important Possibly one of the most important elements of this is what is the relationship Between the community and the company. This is where it is at when it comes to open core Remember what I talked about with the project and the product You've got that that connective tissue in between if you don't have a good relationship You're gonna really struggle and this is not something you can just do once this is an ongoing thing We build trust as an ongoing day-to-day basis We are judged on the on the content of our actions not just the words that we say, okay So I've got a lot to cover in this so first of all If you want to build an open core business and project You need to understand those cultural norms of open source Because that is going to be the baseline if you don't understand how an open source project works And you're not willing to commit to that and the norms of that then you're going to struggle with the open core model And I just recommend that you don't do it. I've actually worked with four or five companies now Where I've come in and they've asked they've been interested in open core model And I've come in to kind of help them build out the strategy And then I've actually recommended that for them not to do it because I've not been confident enough that they can Actually a understand those principles and be commit to those principles And if you're not willing to commit to them, it's going to be a disaster So we set expectations around what that participation looks like and then we have to Equalize that community participation as much as we can That's what I covered earlier on around making sure for example that the the the development work is done out in the open Even if it's the just engineers from the company Now a critical element of this is going to be providing training and incentives for your staff You know, it's easy for us in the open source world and for people who've been around open source for a long time to get kind of snooty about About about how you kind of You know, well, they should know how to do this. It's really easy. It's not rocket science to understand open source It's actually really weird for a lot of people in businesses. So you need to train them You need to give them incentives around the right kind of participation There's a lot of engineers out there who've never worked with open source and we need to make sure that they feel comfortable in doing So um, and then you recognize and reward participation within the community itself Okay, so this is really important. You would never ever want to funnel all of your engagement through a community manager This is one of the biggest anti patterns. I've seen in my line of work Which is building communities is a company will think I need to build a community around open source I'll hire a community manager and then the entire company funnels everything through that one person Open source people don't want that. They want to talk to your community. Your staff members directly. Okay So that's that's really important and then never ever ever ever spam Users or sell their information or anything like that that completely breaks down the trust All right, so I'm going to get into a couple more I want to be mindful of time and hopefully leave a couple of minutes for questions I know I'm getting through a lot of content But I wanted to make sure that this was absolutely worth your you know 25 minutes or whatever So this one is about building really strong dependable trust and relationships now Again, what I think businesses that do open core. Well, it's all about they they figured out a way of facilitating that trust and doing it effectively, okay GitLab I think are one of the most wonderful examples of this right GitLab contributors to the project generally have a pretty good relationship with the GitLab company Because the GitLab company has gone out of its way to be as open as possible If you want an example of this go and read their company handbook. It's completely out in the open. It's pretty remarkable. Okay so You've got to be intentional about diverse high quality community experiences You've got to remember the model that I showed earlier on about the the on ramping and the casual and the regular and the core If you don't if you're not intentional about shaping that journey Then you're going to essentially boil everything down to the lowest common denominator Then it's really important that you build that relationship with your key contributors Don't just see them as consumers of your community Help them to come in and shape ask for their input tell ask them what is going wrong. How can we improve? How can we refine what we're doing? You want to make sure you incentivize the right kind of mentoring? Your more seasoned members of your community have them mentor the newer folks Have your staff members take time to go and provide mentoring and support the community. You need to make time in your staff's Just day to day work to actually invest their their time in the community They're not just going to be able to write code consistently all of the time And then you you are going to get criticism at some point with with open core. It's it's completely normal Frankly anything to do with open source. You're going to get criticism because there's a lot of Very good very decent, but often very vocal people out there in the world and they keep us honest Okay, so I'm sure I'm going to get criticism for delivering this presentation and that's fine because that's how we get better That's how we improve so we need to Be be reasonable and measured and be a listener when it comes to that kind of criticism. Okay All right, so I'm going to get into the final one here Which is number six and this is about open accessible and inclusive leadership I am going to be having a few minutes for questions If you've got questions you want to get in then Feel free to pop them into the old chat channel and I'll get to them as quickly as I can So This one I think is is is again It touches on the cultural elements, you know, some of you may have been coming to this session and think Oh, he's going to tell us all of these specific technical things I should do like what I should put my readme.md and what I should put my contributing md and how my How my peer review code process should be working and you know, how many slack channels I should have We can get into that level of detail, right? There's I have a separate presentation Which I do which kind of is packed with all of those kind of detailed technical recommendations, but it's like an hour long Okay To me the most important thing again is about culture and the thing about leadership is that psychologically We mimic our leaders Okay, we all do it and this is one of the reasons why if you've got great leadership at the top And they they they're they're inclusive and they're engaging and they're collaborative and they're open to criticism and feedback Then you get you in many cases get that kind of behavior in the in the community in the organization They wrap not everybody but in many cases that happens, but if you've got bad divisive Uh, you know bigoted leadership, then you're going to get some of those behavioral patterns as well. Okay, so Um, this this one's really important clear governance for the project I think is absolutely essential you absolutely want to make sure that Uh, especially if it's a larger project and you want lots of different organizations to be involved You need to have objective leadership. Now a good example of this is the linux foundation, right? They have leadership Um, which is out there in these different projects and that provides an opportunity for Um for different companies to come in and feel like it's an actual level playing field.  Especially for example in technical steering committees You want to limit and ideally avoid any kind of specific privileges for any commercial entities If they're going to come into your community, they've got to earn their way in They've got to earn a place where they can come and actively participate You've got to really define very clear policy when it comes to that that bridge that connective tissue between the product and the project So this is especially important for the company. You got to make it very clear how your engineers How your participants operate in the community? So it fits in line with the open culture Which is the open bit in open core and then always being open and transparent in what you do And this is a final one If you if you want to if you need a legal entity for your open project Go to an existing foundation. Don't set up a new one a new dedicated foundation. It's incredibly expensive It's incredibly complicated and it takes forever. Just go to an existing foundation Whether it's the linux foundation Apache or something else. Okay, that's the place to do it All right, so we've got just a couple of minutes left One final point like when I mentioned open core and twitter elsewhere people start fighting And we're all learning, you know when I first got involved in open source in the late 90s We hadn't got any of this stuff figured out and we've learned over the course of the last 10 or 15 years Because we've shared interesting insights and ideas. Okay So I think we need to explore all kinds of models with open source and how to do them well Um an open core is one of them. So I just encourage us all to have a view of of being have been Open and transparent in terms of how we have these conversations Um, and then I'd certainly love to hear your feedback Let me know on twitter in the chat and comments and elsewhere And I'm going to wrap it up and get to some questions. All right. Hang on. Let me stop sharing my screen Let me go to Hang on bear with me Do do do All right, let me go to the questions now. We've only got a couple of minutes I'm going to blast through these as quickly as possible Eduardo silver any advice for how to avoid friction on features in open source versus the product I think the general view that I would take here is that the project the open source project Should be the features that are going to be broadly and generally available to everybody And you want to make sure that the product is going to really I think commercial integration and optimization is the best way to focus on the product But it depends largely on what kind of what kind of technology you're building What I think is very important is that you set the expectations Of what happens if someone creates an open source equivalent to the The commercial feature and to me you should never squash code Let people have that code available elsewhere But sometimes you may have to have a policy that says we won't include this because it competes with the commercial product You need to draw that line yourself in terms of what you feel comfortable with that Lucas Galvini Or galva galvanini once I have a small community. What point should I invest more? What point should I invest more time in I would at the beginning absolutely focus on the on ramp Create that and identify your audiences create the on ramp And and certainly in the first few Stages of someone joining the community make sure that people have got access to good quality mentoring I can't go into detail about this because we don't have enough time I don't want to pitch anything too hard, but definitely go and get my book people powered It walks through how to go through that step by step Nithya, so nithya ruff who is an amazing person Some of the criticism about open core is around advocating for license restrictions or change to allow business models Can you comment on this? Um, is it about using open source open OSI curated licenses only or not allowing license changes? I think you need to use an open source license. Um, I get why we've got these licenses that are propagating In terms of restriction what people can do. It's not open source. Use an open source license is my personal take on this Jono, this is Gordon half. What is your take on clas? I think clas are fine I mean, I think it's part and parcel of running a large scale open source project I just think you need to make sure that The process is clear people understand their rights understand what they're signing. I think it's totally fine Liz writes. What are your favorite good bad? Examples of open core not pure open source projects working well in foundations Um Not oh, I see open core.  I think I think vault hashy corp Git lab. I think great examples. I think matthew most is a great example um in terms of bad examples I don't know actually. I mean, I don't really I'd rather spread the world I'd rather spread sugar around the world and vinegar. Um, so let's just focus on the good stuff Um, and then I think I've got like 20 seconds to answer a steve walley question Any advice on keeping customers and community separate? Um, I don't think you should keep them separate I think the customer should be welcomed and be part of your community But I think the cultural norms of both sides needs to be very clear. All right. I'm out of time everybody Thank you so much. If you want to learn more go to johnobacon.com Peace out. Thank you everybody