As firefighters continue to make progress on devastating fires that scarred communities across northern California, the State Operations Center remains activated. Some evacuated residents, though, are anxiously waiting to be allowed back into their neighborhoods. As they do, risks still remain. From the fire and the damage that it's caused, you know, we want to encourage them to, you know, number one, drive at a slow speed, but also to have a high visual horizon. The roadways have been affected. You know, the fires cause damage to the roads, so if they're looking ahead, they can see potential damage that's approaching them. Be sure when re-entering, do so with caution. The fires have caused considerable damage not only to homes, but also to roads, power lines, and have loosened debris. There's going to be intersections that are missing signs. You know, the stoplights might not be working, so they need to proceed with caution as they enter into the area. And, you know, there's also the potential that utility poles that are still standing could have been weakened by the fire.  To ensure public safety, CHP is asking that residents returning home are mindful of their work still being done. If you don't have to be in the area, I know there's a lot of people that have an interest in going and seeing what the damage was. But, you know, we still have a lot of heavy equipment. We still have, you know, a lot of emergency personnel that are working in there. So if you don't have to be there, we urge you just, you know, to stay away from the area so we can continue with our recovery efforts. When the time comes to determine when or if it's time to repopulate communities, notification will come from the appropriate agencies. There's going to be website information that's posted almost on a daily basis.  For more, visit our blog at OESNews.com and follow us on social media for the latest updates on statewide wildfires. Cal OES Logo, Governor's Office of Emergency Services, where to find us, www.oesnews.com, Facebook search Cal OES, Twitter and Instagram handle Cal underscore OES.


Okay, it's done. So, we're starting now? Okay. All right, cool. And I have to, like, stand here, right? You can sit wherever, just do whatever you want to do. Hello, viewers at home. My name is Kai Hendry, and I'm going to give a talk about PHP. It's those people there that are more important. Actually, no, you guys are just important. So my initial problem, and that video is here, I was struggling to deploy PHP on a lot of servers. I'm not into clustering. I think clustering is evil. So I have found a nice way to deploy PHP, and I wanted to share it with you guys. So, yeah, my previous video was a cry for help. If you see someone like me in the video, he is in trouble to send him a message of love. Don't let him do what he was doing. He went crazy, I think, didn't he? And I told you what I was looking for. I was looking at a way of deploying to PHP. I was looking at a way of reducing the complexity. You know, deploying typically what people do was, I guess, deploy NGINX with PHP on a Debian server. I mean, how do you guys deploy PHP? Do you have any idea? Does it really work for you guys? I use Docker. Well, I'm going to propose a Docker-type solution with you guys. So it won't be terribly new for you. Also, since Let's Encrypt came out, I wanted to make sure that my sites that I load up have SSL immediately. I didn't want to mess around. And with Let's Encrypt sort of NGINX plugins, I couldn't really figure it out. It looked a bit too complex. Same with Apache.  So basically, I have now a good solution using CoreOS. Who knows what CoreOS is? No one. CoreOS is basically a Linux distribution that just runs Docker. But the added benefit is that CoreOS randomly reboots. It doesn't quite randomly reboot. It reboots in order to upgrade itself. So even a distribution that's just Linux and Docker, the Linux has to be updated security patch for one reason or another. And the way it does it is that CoreOS sort of downloads the updates and has another partition and then reboots. And it's a bit complicated. But I think RancherOS or something is probably better than CoreOS. But CoreOS is available on DigitalOcean. That's why I use it. I use SystemD. Who knows what SystemD is? It's a rocking way to manage your services. I'll show you a little bit about it. I use Docker. Who knows what Docker is? It's like a bloated version for containers. But it's pretty cool. And then I'm using also Caddy. Who knows what Caddy is? Caddy is a new web server. It's based on Golang's HTTP implementation. And the cool thing about that is that when HTTP2 comes out, I think it's going to have one of the best implementations, I dare say. And the cool thing about Caddy is that it can also do some other stuff. I'll show you later. And I wanted to boast that the setup here, besides me setting up the DNS and booting up a DigitalOcean instance, all the config is about 30 lines to set up my machines. Is that good? I think so. Can you beat it? I hope not. I hope you can, because then I'll get better. Here are the configs. Maybe it's best for me just to use the configs instead of me trying to explain to you what they do. Well, I can quickly show you. This is what a SystemD service file looks like. In the old days, they had these things called init scripts. Or is it called RC5 init scripts? And they're basically a shell script describing how a process starts, how it gets stopped, and how it gets reloaded and restarted. In today's world, in the modern world, 2016 world, we have SystemD. And the SystemD has this crux to say when it gets started, like after Docker, because it depends on Docker, and it has all these different lines. And this is actually a very complicated one. Maybe it's just an exec start saying what is the binary to run. But this one's a bit complicated because why is it so fricking complicated? It's because before it starts, it actually pulls down the PHP image. And it's a little bit complicated because of the binds to the web root and things like that. And it's a little bit complicated because if a Docker pull doesn't work, it restarts every five seconds, until it does. And Docker pull can sometimes not work because maybe the network isn't ready or the network is down, and that happens surprisingly often. Okay, what is my next slide? Well, my next slide, I wanted to do a quick demo for you guys. So can you guys offer me a prayer for the live demo gods? Because this never really works, does it? This never really works. And how much time do I have? Okay, so first step, I'm going to create a DNS record. Who uses Amazon Route 53? I'm going to call this PHP. Oh, no, actually that's a bad idea. I'm going to set up a core OS instance. For some reason, DigitalOcean asked me to use an alpha version, but I'm not going to use alpha version. I'm not going to use the $20 or $640. I'm going to use the $5 version.   Who uses a server outside Singapore?   I use it to watch Netflix. Netflix is available. No?  Why would you want to spawn more than one droplet in a location is beyond my... is beyond?  It's unbelievable.    Sorry. I didn't... I didn't name... The important thing is to name your droplet with the right hostname. But this is cool because just a lotion takes only a few seconds to start up something. Not. Okay. So, I'm going to... Give me a name for a hostname. Give me a name for a machine. Something really interesting. How do you name your machines? Wombat. Okay, I'm going to call it Wombat.natalian.org, which is my domain. Okay, now that should hopefully work. So, what happens is I set up a CoreOS instance with the right... what do you call it? Domain. And the domain is important because that's how SSL works. Well, let's encrypt rather... let's encrypt queries that domain and then once that domain sort of matches up in a DNS way, then it gives you the SSL cert. Then I copy that IP to my DNS hoster thing, which is called root53 and root53 is pretty good actually. I recommend it. It's better than dreamhost. But then again, probably anything is better than dreamhost. So, okay, so I've got the DNS entry in there and hopefully it's going to update pretty quickly. And here is my new machine running CoreOS. Oh, I should probably get a bigger ST big. Can you read that? Okay, all I'm going to do now is copy this configuration which amounts to less than... what do you call it? What did I say? Less than 30 lines of code. Okay, so the candy file controls the web server and the web server just says what the root directory is and start PHP. It's kind of a fault. Okay, let me start the caddy service. Oops. What do you call it? onebat.natalian.org. So what you should be seeing is that once you start the service it pulls the Docker thing down and runs it. And with any luck, this would have worked. So onebat.natalian.org. Oops. Oh, I know why it's not working. So let's do the important sort of hello world in PHP. As you all know is PHP info. Sorry. SSL, PHP. Okay, it's not running the latest PHP 7 but I'm a bit conservative about running PHP 7. I don't know if it sucks yet. Does PHP 7 rock? Anyway, I'm using 5.6. So there you have it. I think I daresay that configuration file was six lines. The whole thing that sort of pulled down and manages the Docker thing is 18 lines. That's like 18 plus 6 is 24 lines of code to manage everything. And the cool thing about this is that the core OS, as I mentioned, keeps up to date. And then when it restarts the service, the PHP container, whatever, keeps up to date with that pull. Sorry, I did something weird there. So all I need to do now is just focus on my PHP code. What do you call it? The container, the PHP interpreter, there's probably a technical name for this. It just runs my app. And I don't have to worry about it. I don't have to worry about SSL. I don't have to worry about Linux updates. I don't have to worry about my wife. No way I have to worry about her. I have to keep on worrying about her all the time. So there you have it. And I can also probably show you the padlock. It probably proves that this has come down from Let's Encrypt. Why did you put the SSL cert? The SSL cert is actually cached by Caddy into this root dot. Caddy directory? You come from. You need to issue the SSL cert in the first place. Inside Caddy has this sort of Let's Encrypt endpoint or something, and it does a request and then it receives the cert from Let's Encrypt and then puts it in the right place and gets everything running straight away. This is what it does right before. Exactly. So Let's Encrypt is like a new way of doing it. And interestingly, Amazon has a similar service, but obviously only works with Amazon CloudFront or something. Okay, going back to my, was that all of it? Thank you for that live demo. I have a video doing exactly the same thing. If you didn't follow or if you want another video, this video would be online. Sorry, I really want to start back from the SSL point. So for the cert, you typically need to pay and get an issue. Yes, but things have changed. Probably you need to tell us more about that. Oh, okay. So there's this thing called Let's Encrypt. Actually, I don't really know the technical details, but the way Let's Encrypt, it's quite technical, but Let's Encrypt allows you to issue certificates. It has their CA installed everywhere and it lets you issue certificates based on your domain. It's interesting. I think it's Google and Mozilla, the usual assholes. They're great. I love those companies. It's a fairly new thing. I think I only launched like a month and a half ago, maybe two months ago. And it's got good backing. And previously, when you ordered an SSL certificate, they usually emailed you, like emailed webmaster at my domain. But now you don't have to do that. It just verifies it on your TNS. So how did Caddy manage to get the private key on to the instance? Well, it just generates one. And sends it over to Let's Encrypt. And then it caches it on your in-adopt directory. Then anybody could do a manual attack, right? Respectful of the domain. So when you issue the lesson with certificate Y, actually the script running on your server will ping the Let's Encrypt server. Then the Let's Encrypt server will ping back to your endpoint. So if you are doing it on a live server, you actually have to take your server down, run a Caddy or Nginx or Apache that have different modules to it. Then once they're verified on their server side, verify your domain is valid. This is a valid domain. This server is actually serving this domain. Then you will issue directly the certificate back to you. So it's basically saying that I own the host name, send it over to me, and it basically pushes it to you. So I think it's kind of interpreted as a lower form of a normal certificate because a normal certificate has more checks by the more check being checking your email address. But to be honest, that's not true. Does it work for wildcards? No, it doesn't. It doesn't work for wildcards. But they are trying to address that problem. I saw someone saying to me, oh, they're going to address that problem. Well, they're standing there because it's free. Just issue. Yeah. But the cool thing is you don't really need wildcard. I mean, you do need wildcard if you have a website. Like, I have a website that basically takes queries by subdomain, which is an idiotic way to do a web app. But if you did it the bad way, then it becomes a problem because there's a couple of seconds to get the SSL cert. But if you have a umpteen subdomain and you know them in advance, it's not a problem. It's really not a problem. So what are the pitfalls of my approach, my 24 lines of code to rule the world? Yeah, I have a problem where it depends on Docker Hub and I just hate Docker Hub. And I haven't figured out a way of seeing what image I'm running. Maybe you guys know.  I'm here. Like, when you run a Docker image and you get like a hash to describe the image, I'm not too sure how you bubble that up to the web app because I want to know I'm running A072 because I want to know the versions of the images that I'm running on all my different hosts. So anyway, that's a problem I probably will figure out one day. Just put a cron and get that cron. Yeah, and then push it somewhere. But I have another problem. It's like when you're on Docker Hub, like this image is called... Oh crap, what is this image called? It's called...  I hate it. I hate it. I hate it. It's called ABO... Sorry, you're looking... It's called ABO Soft PHP. Like, I'm here on Docker Hub. How do you see the latest image hash? I don't know. Is it here? No, it doesn't tell you there. Huh? No, it doesn't. No, it doesn't. It's like...  So... It pushes it to tag it. Yeah, it's not... Anyway, the thing that annoys me, I haven't figured that problem out yet and I haven't figured that one out. So, to wrap up... Sorry, I don't know what I left. To wrap up... Oh, I mean, Caddy actually does a lot and I didn't really get into it, but this is the Caddy website. What I love about it is that, you know, unlike Apache configuration, Nginx configuration, you can do things in just like, you know, five lines. Like, this is the Caddy file. All it says is like, hostname. When you do with Let's Encrypt, you also have like an email just to say you can recover something. Not a biggie. And then you say what the root is, you say the PHP thing, blah, blah, blah. So, with... Huh? It just, it actually starts it up. It does, it has some code to manage the process or something. I really like Caddy. It's a new web server. It does automatic HTTPS, as you can see there. Sorry, the font renders really badly on my browser. It's... It's syntax is really easy. It's even got like quite cool things like a very simple syntax to set up... Is it called a FIFO? Like a file system FIFO for a web socket? So you can map a web socket to a file system FIFO. I think it's called a FIFO. FIFO for... I mean, it's just like one line. And instantly you have what you can start writing a web socket service that sort of hooks into one of your shell utilities. It's pretty awesome. It's even got like really cool things that you don't even get in a fully blown HTTPS. Like for example, in my business, I did... My customers download assets, but I need to know if they completely downloaded the asset. I want to know if they downloaded the entire 100 megabyte movie file. And sometimes that's really hard to do on Nginx and Apache. And here it's very easy. It does JSONP. It does IP filter. It does all sorts of really cool... It even does V-hosts. It's a very good... And it's written in Golang and it's got HTTP too. Which is going to be awesome. And... Wait, is that it? Thank you, thank you guys. Please ask me questions. I know you might not have them ready or you might... Just email me or contact me. Just feel free. I'm happy to answer you. You don't have to ask me now. Because I want to order an Uber now. Okay. Any questions guys? Wasn't that awesome? I just... I mean it took me a couple of minutes to fill up an SSL PHP site. Have you never done this before? Haven't you felt the pain of setting up a PHP instance? Huruku doesn't run in Singapore.


So very exciting meeting starting here in Accra. We're having the opportunity to bring a lot of participating countries from sub-Saharan Africa to discuss remittances and we're trying to make it very concrete for them What can remittances do for the national development? And we've done studies We know that remittances can be a powerful engine for development. We know that when migrants send money home, it's very often used for food, which is having a great impact on nutrition in the household that are receiving remittances, it's spent on health, it is spent on education So a really powerful impact on human capital development What we need to do now is to try and maximize this impact of remittances And we are looking forward to our participating countries going really very deeply into concrete ideas, sharing good practices, south-south knowledge exchange And then going back home with great ideas from the meeting


My guy JB Smoove used the perfect gift that was Undertaker coming back to describe this Trace McSawley situation YouTube team keeping clean what's going on it's engraving here with another video and in this video okay this um not news that I was expecting at all and I just again when Trace played in that first preseason game and then after they started talking about oh yeah he was picking up a box at the crib and then his back got messed up and then he played in the game and so that messed up his back even more I was like oh okay yeah man that he was picking up a box that had a little stash in it huh injury I are stashed not not that stashed at y'all anyway um so Trace is is on his way he's on his way and this um not now this does not make me think that he is going to be QB2 cuz he's not that's Tyler Huntley that's his job he is the QB2 it's even on the back of his jersey and he ain't changed your numbers so yeah Tyler your job is safe as QB2 but this this changes everything and obviously they um he's not playing in the preseason they already said he's not playing in the preseason so they're not gonna go back on that then they're gonna they're not gonna change that but this almost makes you wonder if the Ravens will keep three quarterbacks on the roster this year um like last year it is a big possibility um they and they could obviously still do the whole practice squad thing they could wave one of their quarterbacks uh and allow him to clear waivers and then put him on the practice squad in his return but Harbaugh more specifically and he was very specific about Trace because you know Harbaugh when it comes to injuries he ain't you don't give out specifics he doesn't give out specifics when it comes to a timeline he doesn't give out specifics about the injury itself he doesn't give out specifics about the surgery he doesn't give out specifics about the recovery he does not give specifics about anything when it comes to injuries again with the whole brashaw Perryman thing ever since then he's pretty much learned his lesson to keep keep his mouth closed when it comes to injuries but anyway he said uh that Trace McSawley is doing well he said that he's starting to throw so hey he's a quarterback that's his job throw that football so if he's starting to throw then yeah he's getting back into a groove getting back into a rhythm but that wasn't even the craziest part that was a really crazy part and again when I first saw that I was like oh okay so Trace may be maybe making his big return but he said he probably would be ready to some degree early in the season so that okay that's usually Harbaugh talk if you say early in the season he'll say these things that are kind of murky but they won't give you that level of detail that you would want and you'd be like okay cool Harbaugh yeah it is what it is early in the season that could mean anything that could mean early in the season could mean the first quarter of the season so that could be one of the first four games that could be uh before week eight depend on your interpretation but excuse me he said uh the first week even possibly or past possibly a second week that's what it's looking like right now so John Harbaugh gave us some specifics with Trace McSawley and the last sort of specific that he gave us with a because Ravens haven't had any major injury but well besides LJ Fort Boat Ravens as far as their biggest injuries where players have the possible possibility of returning the only other specific that he's given us has been with Rashad Bateman and he said September he said September now initially when he said September I was like I don't believe you and initially when he said September a lot of Team Keep It Clean was like uh I don't believe you either um and it was nothing against Harbaugh but it was more so with the injury that it was and with the surgery that he had um and the expected timetable for recovery but then when you see Rashad Bateman's Instagram when you saw it whether it be the Rashad Bateman or the Yes Way why he has two Instagrams I have no clue uh because obviously Ravens know about both of them they post about both of them so I don't know I don't know why he has two but anyway um when you see on Instagram and he's running and he's dancing too I'm like hold up is was Harbaugh right is is September actually looking like it's gonna go down because I I don't know so we just gotta wait and see same way with Trace McSawley we just gotta wait and see so we have to be very patient uh when it comes to these injuries now somebody else who's been dealing with some mysterious injury I heard it was with an ankle I don't know exactly what it is has been Sammy Watkins and Sammy Watkins he was practicing he was turning his early even practice early at the um when they went to go uh with the Panthers um he was he got he had some nice little highlight well I forgot exactly what the route was but he found himself wide open and made the catch Sammy Watkins been having a good training camp good offseason with the Ravens but for a little while he's been out we've been wondering like man what's up with Sammy Watkins what happened with Sammy Watkins but they said that uh he's okay Harbaugh said that he's okay it's not a serious injury we heard that before uh but we're just trying to rest some things that he's dealing with that are normal camp things we felt like it wasn't really worth it at this point it'd be better to get him 100 so he wants Sammy he doesn't just want Sammy to be back he wants Sammy to be all the way back to where there are no setbacks um and Sammy will be full ready good to go uh so when it's time to fly out to Vegas Ravens don't y'all don't need to be at no casinos man don't be a no casino I'm out they probably might not even be allowed to be I don't know what the the rules and regulations are but you don't you don't need to go no casino don't go gambling it there ain't no point just go do your thing go get something to eat go to some nice little restaurants and stuff then do your thing go take care of them raters but anyway we'll get to that when we get there they want him ready to go for Monday night football and with them getting ready again it's the last preseason game uh if they've been resting him throughout all this training camp I wouldn't expect him to play this last preseason game um but we'll see I don't expect him to at all uh but with that being said uh he should be he should be good to go for regular season it sounds like because it sounds like they just be an extra extra extra careful uh with Sammy Watkins with their prized offseason wide receiver that one one year deal for worth up to six million dollars five million five million guarantee man and hopefully whatever the incentives are for Sammy to get that extra one meal hopefully he reaches them hopefully he exceeds them so we'll see how that goes now another receiver who uh has been out for a while and I haven't heard anything about his injury it it is probably one of the biggest mysteries well it was one of the biggest mysteries on his team because we had heard about him making some plays through our training camp and he was um and even when we went to that the open practice that they had he was making some plays then whatnot but um Deon Kane Deon Kane he has been out for a while with something don't know what it was but he returned today too now um is it too little too late I don't know I don't know um my my guy JT uh we talked earlier he talked about health is wealth Devin Duvenay and uh Tyler Nualis he called them the training camp warriors reason being because they've been the only receivers to make it and again we still got tomorrow but yeah that'll be it but they've been the only guys to make it from start to finish from start to finish and so kudos to both of those guys for going through the journey and two young guys it's like a rookie and a half reason I say a half because Devin Duvenay well he's not technically a rookie this is this is like his rookie offseason oh man this is what the offseason is like what the Ravens are this is crazy this is cool I like it and he's lasted the entire time so shout out to those fellas and shout out to the other receivers too whenever they do come back hopefully sooner rather than later with Hollywood again it seemed like it's gonna be any day now now one thing that did concern me a bit yesterday um I don't yeah he didn't practice today but one thing that concerned me yesterday was that they said that Hollywood he was off to the side running and stuff and I think they said Deion Kane was as well and in previous days before yesterday they had said that Miles Boykin had been doing the same thing but they said yesterday he wasn't and I was thinking oh boy it's just every day that passes where Boykin doesn't return it just seems it's it's a it's a scary thought I just put it like that it's a scary thought just thinking of the possibilities um but hey they got the walkthrough tomorrow they got the game on Saturday and then that's when everything starts after the game on Saturday uh probably starting on even Sunday Sunday Monday by Tuesday they got to get two 53 men and I don't anticipate them making all the moves to go from 80 to 53 men in one day so I think they'll gradually do it start on Sunday continue on Monday finish up on Tuesday so I think they're gonna spread it out but then we'll start to have a lot of these questions that we have uh answered so anyway team keep it clean I appreciate y'all I love y'all um and yeah man let's have a great rest of the week uh thank you for watching as always shout out to all the new team keep it clean patrons appreciate y'all uh if you want to become a patron you go to patreon.com slash engraving viz if and if you don't want to like always say just stay right where you at I love y'all either way I appreciate y'all thank you for supporting the channel and supporting everything that we do I love y'all and we are out


After Hubble discovered the universe was expanding, it was assumed that it started off with a tremendous expansion rate, and because of the gravitational attraction of all the matter in the universe, the expansion would be slowing down. Two major efforts were started in the late 1990s to prove that the universe's expansion was decelerating. Both groups used distant Type 1A supernova as their standard candles. Supernova provide a luminosity reading that enables us to determine their distance via the inverse square law. This distance is called the luminosity distance. Type 1A supernova also provide a redshift reading that gives us the distance by a Hubble's law. The intensity and redshift combined can tell us if the universe's expansion rate is constant, decelerating, or accelerating. Here's how it works. First, we measure the luminosity of a distant Type 1A supernova, like SN 1994D, and measure its redshift. Then we map the distance between us and the supernova over time. If the expansion rate is constant, the luminosity distance and the redshift distance will be the same. But if the expansion is slowing down, the expansion rate in the past would have been greater than what we see now, which means it would have taken a shorter time to expand from its size at light emission time to its present distance compared to a non-accelerating universe. This would result in a shorter light traveled time, shorter distance traveled, and a brighter observed supernova compared to a non-accelerating universe. By the same token, if the expansion is speeding up, the expansion rate in the past would have been smaller than what we see now, which means it would have taken a longer time to expand from its size at light emission time to its present distance compared to a non-accelerating universe. This would result in a longer light travel time, larger distance traveled, and a dimmer observed supernova compared to a non-accelerating universe. This is what both studies found. The universe is expanding, and the expansion is accelerating.


Okay, so look at this. It's a yo-yo originally. It was a weapon really Let me just take hold the string and let go Okay, and so it rolls down But let's assume that we have a yo-yo that's a disc Okay, and the strings wrap around the outside and it's not it's tight So at the bottom it would have to it would have to stop okay when it got to the string But let's say before it gets so quiet to the bottom Let's see what we can find out in particular maybe the tension in the string as it falls a distance H Okay, so Let's draw a picture. Here's my yo-yo, and then I'm gonna let it roll down a distance Okay, and let's just say we know what's the tension in the string. Okay? Okay, clearly we have to use the work energy system here work energy principle because we're dealing with distances, so What's in this case? We have two choices. We can do The point system the point particle system or the real remember in the point particle system We treat this yo-yo as just one point and then we do that we look at all the forces acting on that point as Though they were acting on the center of math in the real system We use real forces and their real displacements and so a point particle system can have Just translational kinetic energy if it's a point. It doesn't even spin it can have thermal energy or anything the real system can have Rotational energy thermal energy all sorts of energy in this case the real system can have both Translational kinetic energy and rotational kinetic energy So I'm going to start with the real system first So in the real system the system is my yo-yo yo-yo So what work is done on the yo-yo? The work is going to be done. Let's draw a free body diagram. Here's my gravitational force Mg and then I have tension right there Do you think those two forces are the same? They're not they can't be just think back to the point system If I have a tension and gravity is the same then it wouldn't the center mass wouldn't change its motion And it does speed up as it falls So Mg does work right and it moves the distance h and it's in the same direction. It's moving so the work done by gravity is Mgh, what's the work done by the tension? Well The tension Doesn't move So it doesn't do any work on the real system Okay, so and I'm just I'm not moving in the top part. It's just dropping from rest Okay, so that's it Now what kind of energy can I have I can have? Translational kinetic and I can have rotational kinetic energy where kinetic Translational is one half in the center mass squared and rotational is One half I omega squared where I is a moment of inertia omega is the angular velocity about the center mass Okay, so if I start let's call this point one and this point two then I could say work goes Mgh H Changing translational kinetics. It's gonna be final minus initial. So it's gonna be k2 minus initial, which is zero Plus the final rotational Let me just go ahead and put in the values for these one half Mv2 squared minus zero plus one half I Omega two squared minus zero that's my change Okay, now I know some things about discs first. I know that for a disc I equals one half MR squared Where in this the mass of the disc and R is the radius of the disc Also, I know that if this string is stationary and this is moving and kind of unwinding at the same time without slipping then V to or V at any point it's going to be R Omega it has to be true if you roll something and it doesn't slide then there's relationship between the center mass and anger speed Just like that. Okay, so if I put those in I down here I get work is Mgh One half v2 squared and then this term is going to be plus one half times one half MR squared times Omega two is gonna be v2 over R. So it's gonna be v2 squared over R squared So these cancel and I get one fourth m v squared plus one half I get mgh equals three fourths in v2 squared And the masses cancel So I can sell for the velocity at the bottom and I get v2 equals Square root of four thirds G H now How does that compare to just dropping an object if I just drop an object it wouldn't have this term and So you'd get if you solve this you'd get square root of 2gh So this can be faster or slower than that two is greater than four thirds So this is gonna be slower which makes sense the strings doing something. It's making them not go so fast Okay, so let me put this up here because it's important v2 equals the square root of four thirds gh YouTube gives me a 15 minute window So I have to make this less than 15 minutes and I can't do that Hopefully I have no idea how long this is taking right now. Okay, so now go on to the to the point particle system so now work equals change in kinetic and What does work on this well in this case? I have two things doing work. I have The work done by gravity is going to be mgh plus the work done by tension minus th Because the tension is pulling up So it's going so the angle between the tension the displacements 180 degrees so that's going to give me a negative work And this is going to be K2 minus the initial zero Okay, well you see where I'm going here. I already know the final kinetic energy I it's the same as what it was before so I have mgh minus th Equals the final kinetic energy of it was four-thirds m Let's see wait. It was four-thirds. Let's see Okay, let me write it down k2 equals one half m v2 squared. So it's gonna be one half m That's where it's gonna be four-thirds gh That's doesn't seem right, but I'll continue anyway. So it's going to be Two-thirds mgh two-thirds mgh So now I want to solve for t. I'm going to add th to both sides And then I'm going to get mgh Equals two-thirds mgh plus th subtract two-thirds mgh from both sides and I get mgh minus two-thirds mgh is one-third mgh and that's going to be equal to th divided by the sides by h t equals one-third mgh And that might actually be wrong. I think I might have missed a half sign somewhere But I'm not going to remake the video because I'm that lazy But you see the idea Maybe you can find the error if there is an error and fix it and that would be good for you But does this make sense? Well, this can't be bigger than the gravitational force or it would speed up going up And it doesn't do that It is small and it has the right units So I think it's at least close if this was a test question even if I got that wrong I would get most of the credit card But also you see that it doesn't depend on how far it's fallen. So it's a constant tension Assuming the mass of the string is negligible Okay, cool


What's up everybody and welcome to the latest edition of the Falcons in focus podcast brought to you by ticketmaster Recorded in the ticketmaster podcast studios. I'm Scott bear. That's Tori McElaney the man of the hour Brand new it. This is really fun to say brand new Atlanta Falcon safety Jesse Bates Jesse Welcome to the program. Welcome to the organization my friend. Absolutely. I appreciate you guys. I appreciate that. Yeah We're not gonna start with all the cool things that have happened today signing your second contract coming to a new team We want you to take us back. I don't have the exact date. So pardon me, but take us back to Cincinnati Bengals versus Baltimore Ravens. I believe you were in the fifth grade, right? Right? Your first NFL game Tell us about that experience who who was with you what that experience was like seeing NFL football for the first time Yeah, um, you know, usually that's a you know, a father and a son type of You know event to go to for your first football game being blessed being raised by a single mom She was took me and my sister to our first NFL football game and I remember seeing Ray Lewis and you see Chad ocho cinco You know a lot of you know, really good players on both teams and being able to experience that with my mom I thought that was really cool. And then come a 2018 I get drafted to the Cincinnati Yes full circle such a Cool moment for not just me but for my family as well. So you're from Fort Wayne, Indiana How that's like a drive maybe three hours something like that. Yeah, it's only three hours from Cincinnati Yeah, right. So that must have been cool because that I don't that you were so close to where you're from So then your family can see you I don't know if this happened or not But when you're in 2018 were there and you come out there in that stadium Were there any flashbacks or any thoughts after you got drafted by the Bengals like oh my gosh Like that was my first game now. I'm back here.  She has all the pictures. So, um, right when I got drafted That's the first thing she thought of was being in that stadium already and Only being three hours away. And you know first thing I thought about was do I get discount on tickets? So, yeah, I spent a lot of money on my first yeah First year with a lot of tickets. Yeah Did it make you feel old when he was talking about like Ray Lewis? Yeah Not in fifth grade, right? Yeah, I also was in like elementary school Like we're just gonna move on from that. Yeah, I was definitely old enough to drive at the time that Ray Lewis was doing that but nonetheless, um yeah, a kid from Fort Wayne, right and You talked about your your mom Teresa, right and kind of that that role that she played in your life and raising you and your siblings and stuff like that So let's just get kind of right to that part of it. I mean What did your mom mean to you? Because from what I've read it's like work two jobs, but you were never disadvantaged because of that She really did everything that she could to put you in a position to be where you are now. Yeah, absolutely. I think I think she did a really good job of just really setting an example what work ethic is and What hard work can get you I think It's sometimes it's kind of cliche, but Just having my mama has just always been a blessing just being able to have that relationship You know, she's my mom. She's my dad. She's my best friend my brother. Whatever you want to call it She's everything at one And as many jobs as she worked, you know for us to have a great Christmas or whatever it was She never missed a game either. So That support system that I had, you know growing up Really meant a lot How you spend your time and just multiple aspects of life that I was able to Not look on a video and look at you know, my favorite Athlete doing it, but I was able to watch my mom do it So it was a really really yeah a really cool experience Um, and I you know, I get emotional about it and I'm able to joke about it now my mom But yeah, I don't know what I would do without her for sure You're younger years and you're kind of getting into football. What type of football fan was she is she? Yeah, she was always She loved the Bucks She loved the Bucks. I'm not shouldn't have said this on this podcast, but She loved the Bucks and she just always knew about the game of football. She always was a Duke fan She loved watching basketball. So There's a reason why I was always so interested in basketball baseball football Just because my mom almost instilled it in me and didn't force it or anything We just like watching it and what like watching good ball And it's you know translated and now she's watching her son play some good ball So it's pretty cool experience. Like I said, it's cool cool story. What what type of I guess like fan in the stand Is she like is she loud or is she more like reserved and then you get home? It's like hey, babe Need to do this better.  So Uh, yeah, she's she's behind the scene. She don't want to be seen. She don't want the camera on her or anything like that, but Uh, yeah, I'm sure you I'm sure you guys don't know who she is But so I can't wait. So like when you were in high school or in pop Warner I'm not sure you played pop Warner, but like could you pick her voice like out of the crowd?  Yeah, that's my mom. She's uh, unless she's had a few drinks in her She's pretty quiet. She's pretty quiet for the most part. Um, she's she's very humble. I think that's where I get that from as well just Um, doesn't need to be seen. She no knows her place She's know who she is and what she's worth and what she's done for people. Um, and don't really ask for anything back So, uh, that's just who she is man. Like I said, you guys don't know her Uh, by just being in the stands at every single home game. I'm pretty sure Yeah, uh, she'll probably be combing underneath the podcast She's uh, pretty legit. Yeah, she's pretty. She'll see this interview I love that.  Like I said, with my mom always being at work um, I think time is very important when you're you know, raising kids and stuff like that. So um, yeah, I just want to I think the biggest thing like I said was taking that weight off her shoulders and um being able to live free being able to Travel to away games away NFL games. Like who would have ever thought that and uh, like I said, I think she deserves that. So um So so she can go explore the world and Have different experiences and also take my siblings and my grandmother, you know other family members along with her. So It's not just about her It's about I know she's the backbone of it and she makes a lot of the cause so Being able to have her her time. I think is very important now I know I know you have probably a ton of male influences in your life But I love this conversation about your mom and and maybe not even just your mom But also maybe like grant your grandmother your aunts to have like a female support system That helped you to realize your potential as a person and a football player I mean, how has that shaped you into the person that you are today?  They're trying to do stuff to um, you know, put their family in a better place.  Um as a person and like I said, they don't ask for anything um back when they do certain things like that and um, so it's just really cool to be able to um have that impact and and show the love back because um, a lot of time they don't get a lot of it and um being able to Be a son and um, you know, I'm living my dream, but I think my mom living hers as well And I think the cool thing is we've talked about what This second contract right a lot of the fans they see like a dollar sign with some numbers after it But it seems to me like you're looking at it with the impact that can be made with it Right, so you you talk about ways to help like help your mom and help your family But you're taking it a step further Right with with the jb3 single mothers initiative Tell us more about that because yes, you're helping out your immediate family But for a long time you've been doing work to help out other people in a similar situation. Right. Um, I think that With the jb3 single mothers fund. Um, I told a couple people on some interviews today. Um over the next four years I've committed a million dollars to be able to impact. Um, you know be able to Join some initiatives And have an impact here in Atlanta and also in my hometown as well. So Like I said, it's just when you have when you've been experience Something, you know, people go through different things sometimes, you know illness or something and that's what they want to impact But um in my situation, like I said, I was raised by a single mom. So Being able to have that impact On single moms with my mom alongside of me. I think Uh, it's really important.  It's not they just always got to sacrifice so much and you know make up So much time for this person or that person. So Just being able to um show the appreciation for them. Um, it's something that's very important to me That's awesome. I mean that I just think that's really cool Yeah, I mean and you look around, you know, this league and so many people that can relate to it and Um, it's not something that I'm doing for likes or you know repost or anything.   Yeah, uh, it's from the athletic in 2020 It's when the first possibility of an extension with Cincinnati was even allowed Um, but it's just I don't know. I read it. I was like super inspired. Um, but basically Uh, the athletic kind of asked you like what would it mean for you to sign your second contract? This is more than two years back And you said that uh, it's all about the the people who put in so much sacrifices and wisdom into me throughout the years Everybody looks at jesse bates Um, but it's the people I've been surround surrounded by that deserve all the all the praise Um, and basically just saying that like because who I am today is What they raise me to be and be able to spend that time and that have that impact on other people is what I'm looking forward to Like that's what you said three years ago, right? And now here you are able to do it like So many decisions, right the decision to leave wake forest You know to leave really early to get to this point now, right? All the hard work all the sacrifices all the games never missing anything to get to this point Like what does it feel like you've been dreaming and talking about having these impacts? What's it like now that you're here? You've signed on the dotted line. You're still living your dream There's still better ahead for you, but I'm saying like this moment must really mean something because of what we've talked about Yeah, um, you know, like you said, it's it's a moment that you know a lot of guys in this league don't Get a chance to get to um and um being able like I said, I know the work that I've put in to get to this point so um Not that I only deserve this. I think my family deserves this like like I said in 2020. I think the people who Um instilled so much so many principles and values into my life They deserve this as well. So it's not just about how I feel or anything like that. Um I just think that it's just so much more that I can do. Um Then just getting an extension for the second contract Even though that's a huge thing and I'm blessed to And super humble to be able to go sign on that dotted line, but uh, there's just so much work that Is left to do. Um, I just haven't tapped in um with the inner the highest jesse base the third yet. Yeah Um, I'm going to continue to work to that point. Um Just because I got a nice Contract or whatever doesn't mean I'm going to be a different person. I'm going to be the same guy and walking this facility and um impact people's lives. Um on the field and off the field Oh, I love it. And I mean we're going to get a front row seat to kind of Yeah, what is it like level up jesse? Yeah, like a full level up like when you're playing like mario card or whatever Now when we were doing uh Research as we do for the podcast. Um It was really interesting to me how And I didn't know this about you before this but like how business minded you are and I'm not just talking about like Oh, like just financial stuff. I'm talking about like investing Strategies and I'm talking like stock dividends and all this stuff I have to tell you my mind does not work that way. I wish With everything in my heart being in soul that it did I so wish it did but I'm so I just I just don't think like that. So for you like why was Finance the finance world the business world something that you kind of gravitated towards. Yeah. Um, you know going second round Um, you know is a pretty good spot to get drafted there. Yeah pretty good. Sure. Um, but just always having that that humble mindset, I think of NFL stands for not for long and Always just trying to build myself and continue to grow in every aspect of my life And I think the investment part when you when you get money Whether you you can abuse it or you can change a lot of people's lives including People that's not even a part of your family. Um, so being able to have I have a great management team and Rye Sports Advisors that Helps me with that. Um, my mind isn't all the way developed yet, but yes, I have made, um, you know some great alternative investments and Continue to learn in that world as well Got a little bit more money to invest as well. So I'm very excited for that Part of the of my life as well. I think that's cool because again, I just I never think about Investing strategies and I think that's cool. And the fact that maybe Jesse can teach like a little seminar. Yeah, we should have like That's like a symposium or something.   One, you know that there I mean casey's been around for He might be my age But you know what I mean? You've got these guys that are talented. It's true I gotta ask him where he was when I was in the fifth grade. Please do Please do. I would love to hear that answer.  So you can see potential working with guys that you know Yeah, um, it's always nice to have familiar faces. Um, when you walk into a new uh, new place, um And like I said, I'm just excited to get to know the people. I don't know as well Um, but yeah, just having you know, even coach Jackson He was with me. Um, am I in my fourth year in Cincinnati when we went to the Super Bowl? um and being able to have those conversations just Um being comfortable asking the right questions There's you know, I'm saying there's always the right or wrong answer or questions or whatever um, just having that Being comfortable to be yourself. Um, and you know Come in here and work and gain the respect for the rest of the guys. Is there such a thing as a dp getaway? Yeah I was getting ready for a no comment. The reason why he asked that is because Gosh, this is probably like last year eight I did an interview with a j and kc together And I was kind of asking like when's the first time that y'all ever met and they're like, well, we have the same agent And we sometimes like, you know, the the db's get away and we go do some things and I'm like So when you signed I was like, well, shoot. We got to find out about the db getaways. Yeah, so, uh Every every year our agency has like a pro week where um, they bring all the pros in and I think it's right before a training camp. Right. So people are training um, and we'll have a couple of days where You're just getting, you know, some db work in with You know guys all over the league. That's what the agency and But I thought you were talking more about the db trip within the team. Um, I think that's something I think that's something that we have to corporate Where'd you like to go I don't leave that We're gonna say no comment to that one. We'll keep you guys updated. Let me know So, uh, before I got here, I covered the Raiders for a long time. Um, and the reason why I asked that is Rod Woodson Who I've met a couple times Great human also went to Snyder High School. Have you guys had a chance? Which is where Jesse, I'm sorry Let's include all the information, which is where Jesse was. Yes, in case no one knows Have you had a chance to meet one of the legends of the game any interactions with him any good Rod Woodson stories? Yeah, so, um, you know going to the same high school. Um, him being a Hall of Famer Um, having a bunch of success in the NFL. There's not a lot of Indiana guys that come out. Yeah, that's true Um, especially from Fort Wayne. So uh, like I said, just being able to have his um, he has like a memorabilia type of a showcase in our in our hallways, you know So being what 14, 15, 16, 17 years old, I was walking past that Thing every day and like one day I want to I want to have something like that in here, you know And now I have my retired jersey number five showcase in the hallway. So Yeah, this is like really cool having you know, Rod and then you have Jesse based a third there. So um, and then just talking about Rod as a person, um, he actually reached out to me and I talked to him I was able to keep in contact with him. He texted me before games and um, talk about picking off Derek Carr So Hopefully he'll have to send me some more You know tips on Derek Carr and catching some more interceptions since we'll see them two times a year So Rod's a Rod's a great guy great guy and um, any time a guy from Fort Wayne Uh makes it out and into the NFL. I try to Times 10 hype it up. So, uh, you know, sport weighing people or some good people Especially the ones that have gold jackets, man It makes you look cool. Right. Yeah now we know you got a ton of things to do but yeah, he's only been talking for about an hour Yeah, but to wrap up it's everyone's favorite part of the podcast. We do a rapid fire So Take a cleansing breath. These are serious hard hitting questions. Beware. Okay That is not true at all. That's not true at all. No, is there like a high score or something? Not really because there's no, well, there's no way to like do a point season Yeah, because I feel like it's not right or wrong But I mean if you want me to I can like judge your answers. Oh, yeah, for sure. That was a nine out of 10 All right, you ready? I'm ready. Okay. What is your favorite play of your career? Derek Carr interception Bringing it back It's probably your two or three. I'm not sure. It's probably one of my favorite interceptions Yeah, it was pretty cool. If you watch it on film, I think you you find it pretty cool. I'm gonna pull it up. Yeah It's supposed to be rapid fire. Yeah I love it. Sometimes the rapid fire takes on takes some turns It takes on a lack of a movie or tv show something you binge something you love something you want fans to watch Anything in that realm? Um, I like power power. Yes, we had a few of I'm not a big tv guy during the season, but right I need to make it on my shows a little bit But yeah, so off season. It's it's time to start cycling through them. All right. Um, your favorite player growing up Rob Wilson, okay Skyline chili yes or no That's what I I was hoping I actually in my five years I never had it If I wish you'd never had it I've lived here for 18 months I've never been to waffle house, which is like a georgia. No, no, so you're gonna have to make it out there at least The waffle house is like we're at that. Yeah, I give scott a hard time. He was also really weird about sweet tea Yeah, I'm from california, man. Think it's simple. It's simple. Yeah, let's keep it simple. All right, uh last one I'm trying to decide which one I want to Ask if you could have a lifetime supply of anything. What would you want to have a lifetime supply up? This is the first time this question has been asked on this trial Say a lot about me, let me see You know, I'm like all the chick filet chicken nuggets I would say Interceptions And you know what? If no, no, no if we're gonna grade the answers that one gets a 10 out of 10 perfect place Thank you so much for joining us. I'm scott that story Please rate review subscribe to the falcons in focus podcast brought to you by ticket master Subscribe to the falcons podcast network. Jesse. Thank you so much for your time The man is literally done like 12 interviews in a row. This is his last one. Go home. Welcome to the falcons, man We're so pumped to have you. Absolutely. I'm excited to get here and work now for sure All right, guys, we'll talk to you again with another great guest next time. See you


आदेही होनागगी लिक्गनागा में चलत्चानादेगा. जब कहांगी आप औगनागी में जब है! भी उतादागे अज़ा थी सबतादे जब उदियोंगे है. शार्स सेँमो चीका वरापताल एक. ईनागगे सबतादाईगे. उटी सार्स यह कहागे है. । । । । । । और लगा क्या अएदे लेए विर्यानी बादंगा है जो मगर्ईक कचानी कानी विर्यानी के ब्रजिए उनकालि के रहे होगे, अगर कचानी नहीं को एदे लेए हेंगा उंबावाशौत कislot true of blank नहीं कि रहाँं भी अश्टीक अदेनामा �uard ओ्वेगी और। बवाले थो ज़ी तेमएश कईगा जहार ढिश्ध. वी वीईएगी सथाई, Hai Telum觉得 the बिजुद अएवरी बुते क Jerry और दलिचिई बवादगे फ़ गर कोछया Many जी Freya k Shop on the भी को� anywhere अवर धीष रैटे तोpe , अरादार, हमोंगा दूप्ट्टेढन, म विस्टिक वेतिंग सकते रहा है, बुत्रघ सब है, ठिराटूर किस कर आए दूप्ट्टं, फॉँटरूर जाही भग आच्तार कर जाही रहा, इं वर्खिश का और्टार, इन प्रशाशी का इत आट उगटार, तरुर दिश्डिसे कुछिस्तारी बीआजा क्य मेरे उनकि से बीगाँ वो जुता, और चल्द, यखदा तरीवो सकच तरुर भी उसध माखित कानजा, यये श्जछि तरुर भी वॉल्पा, और वादिलिया और माझा, आपने 1989 बोग, आप हैंगी नोवल आप, आप में आप गवाज लिट नाप गवाज आप आप वोग. आप वोग वोग में रविग नाप वोग, एक वोग वाज जावाग अप अप दाविदाए एक जाच तुछ अच्टाए किवाज, भोदुवर्वेंगे समवने ज़रनलिने तो शटाहरी टावीदार में के यह तने वी सकताशा ज़रनलिस्तेग करतेग थो दे बाजगा सस्था और और दो एक लिस्टिएं कोडे दिलगाया नाय करनली क्या लिस्टिंट्री परे रेर आदца. सिंच्या auspiring literary writer. और दिवट्टे लिए मुझिये की स्था करीझा रहा से वागे अग़ूँँँँँँँँँ. जुरनलिस्म आं पोलीट्टेक्स। तह caps, it's almost as though Mr. Tharur, by your very existence, you were trying to refute poor Mr. Kahnely. But I have to say that the overwhelming impression that I've been left with after having read this collection is firstly of course how broadly you range. ॐू, आद्वार, आद्वार, अब आही, मीश्टार, रब भाश्टाईन आद्वार, आब light on and get right to it. पूत आब आद्वार, मैं, और उजा पारी बासे, मैं, मैं, वाशा पास करन पाश्टाईन टोत, बबतार, मैं, मैं, युम स मुँर, Who tries to the occasion better than you So the title of your collection and indeed of this session is Pride, Prejudice, and Punditry So can you give me an example of something you are frightful of Prejudiced against and something you were completely wrong about as a pundit Okay. Well, first of all, let me thank you for your very generous opening remarks to say that I admire your writing very much, Palavi has a so lovely weekly mail that goes out to subscribers called the Global Witchia graders that I would recommend you to get on to because it really is a wonderful insight, both into the world and into her mind, a fabulous place to spend time in. Having said that, Sylt Conely also mentioned the fourth point, which I have also violated, the404 Pramjyasah । । । । । । । । । । । । । । । । । । । । । । । । । । । । । । साथ मदववय्थसे आचिलान्त्य।।णवज्र्थिए, ृस्यसे , धज आनता परेखी़्त दागा सचक्तानीस जया किसी करता.  अस्थे लग क्रीन? And before you answer... अचनियग दलस�命 और वाsol, I want to hazard a guess and tell me if I'm right... अचन्थियिण आभच ड़गedarज ऑजatters you would pick Tagore... अचनियों च्छागीवाद ड़ग Cas, he was really great humanist who strove... बघती यप कर कायाईडन्ग चीनने करिए आपॉम हो सचानत साटर साथ और कर суत ह inaugurya से वोत सकी लगेंолов वोतमता क्याईडन्या, हामाग भी ददा suspant इस डरक साथसे रफने कास स cut tie असे च approaches इसकी बижуूँ ज्हु terrified करी San and क approve �完了 उर्ठिक बखत न� only जान्त्रारारम अगे पुचे वागे लगे ही चीवाई जान के सब शख्फ है. अचित हैं। बातले में जे वागे सच्फ स्फूँ गो चानगेabsाईग बागा. औह ओगे भो एक वो को लोगे जान्तारारमगा पच्थ बागा. , with some of his ideas of language and an emotion and feeling are enough to strum the most Jade and Unromantic heart describing the Taj Mahal as a teardrop on the cheek of time. Kenya is something I've never forgotten once I've read it. Or his magnificent poem about the prospect of death, which was actually found by Wilfred o Merner's mother copied out in his diary when the young poet was killed in World War I. A poem called, When I Go from Hence, Let This Be My Parting Word, absolutely magnificent thing, lashes is his romantic poor which every people think some of it is deliberately ambiguous that he could be referring to lover who could be referring to God park that's for you to decide certainly if you imagine the lover at some of the most striking love poetry. Written in the 20th century so there is all the computing even more than all of this and I don't remember he was not only a great poor it was a great play right. At one point at three place running on the West end at the same time. आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आ� आ� आ� आप आप आप आप आप आप आप आ మనిరక ఫిర్కాసినిలేనినిసిక్గార్టిలోత్ట్యండిందా నిపార్టాదా. ఆసియనించితరిరరాలిలవసౚిపినినిిసిండిసి. लिएक्तिर थिखकोँ देखर च्यरं सो Gilevell krepati lnei demeinds कि उनक्र छो दो लगणेडी वो। kri' humid nevonbright AFKONROSATIONAL TOPICS वोसग के यूँत जब जी सगुज़रूजत है। hai. आदढेचा काि अड़ागा यालंद आदेशिया ठथ देशा को देशा था थी घगा। यहकी बात तो बगना वो ते ही अ सलगें में, भात वो आप आप अ atenशां सईटीग, लगासा में एक है एक अगे या ज़े देशान ख सब भो वो गर रहा है बात, बब्च तब आपनायादिन सब रहसा, आपकास्वात्टा, मजानएक महों वगलानात तब उपोदोमों किते, मुझां आपकादिनी मुझाने कन बनाव अपना का सताईदते देखाईगे। कि वूँए और प्र्द्छासे क्ताईगे कॉच्दाचवाता, आने मनचए। अग ज़ूग के रीष्टृसकनैगे अग नहींनाब जाफ्टाई ग़ टेनाईएगे अचिछ़। आख आप फ्ता औंगे ज़ाबाचा। आर गंबिरुच न आप आदिबा narri l., आप बाचाका जल्गिया। वहँन आप अवगा भी छत्� разгे। यह देजुन्त सुआए फींज? नहीं आउग देजी केंगेगेगजा द मैं जाए्वि सूएग ननार्गन pins ले ministreू मैम्में जब यहंईगीगेग ढानबाड Onbe N pou Da gathering आउग जumbai रऔ of to more than � note-comment. की सी चоїऩ़ कहूएन? नूओ वेशाड多少 ूए at Sheesh eas ूए Yale ूए। उपनquer Hind भल्वायापा कोई भी अफोडlあー मुनया�ट बैदर योंग Appreci कोंनओ का और से में थीनी है अ�蔡चतर से मूल की, कमी के दूरके ंगा geology कें री बास Death नहीह, के वेँखgines वेधा मुन שלי के उ� Sanders भॊओरती ये associations CAS the probably a pragma no story of how John Foster, Dulles, Eisenhaath, a secretary of state of the vyftyce, allegedly said to Nehru, Dulles, by the way, was a man who notoriously said that neutrality between good and evil is itself evil, in other words implying that India's Stand was evil. And the story is, Dulles says to Nehru, are you with us or against us. And Nehru replies, yes. गड एह वyn 230 perspectiv MEजिन भी तियोंगाळ येgh और और छाना है वीज्गी तर todavía लेकोन दे Coupleешь या वै �高 कि शिकलगर त्वीखा तीकगाब ख़ी दउ लेकें भाप या लगाham सोतwach क्ते ञृ़् कीings पन दो गड- underuss  Actual Peace decre BOB ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ्värðd dh crecamo ek tut mar ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ practicing at authentic colonial instincts kicked minimum ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ ژ  chocolates दरनाचय्ट को ये देच्टीक़वादणवेगाता आप रवाज़ाती मगलीद, खुगी रशी अगी, खोगी तुदा आज़ादागी लिए और गरगाया नासाता जाई, षीत कम तुप आशांगी। एख उंद्चिसाद करणी, जए सम कगी औसकर कगाखो साई कली से छोंगमनेmunition कम सब आचको कई धून दुः से जएस ख़ा Traditional औरसक छों आच के सहीं कयमना कि lynn tee basi lacha नहींटे ळे रेंभ� μεजाँशिय कोभींजी लेगतinen की औरसे गरटे कि नहीं मेंते विक हि स wholesale ्ज के नाँ उगाँ । । । । । �特�ाद обязательно on annually start on January 26 भी थबज़नité कहlending technical तचया Joel श द्रहनeed तच Planet तच घरु टिकार न listeners वो सक्रुजा अगा वी बलने क्या आदाँ काता Kardashian, क्या वह अग्वे कचुशार को आप लगाग कर पने वो शुए अदों की एक सदे सभवाँग और तुछांए कर है कि तुछ आज़ा खाए तुछांगा अप थुचाओट्दित अप रच्टीशी. अदों सै आब एडतान ड़ियासी ने की मिस्थहांगागाखाउ सी लोगँकोंगेर। कि मुझा फील दोजियासी गगाखागागी ब्र Bahn । अदियास कर लोगग हो आप देगागेर धो मुझा जबने कि मोरा लीजी मूझा जोस्या। तो रहमु स्वस्या। गब भी थी, exam सुत, ख़िजग абсолют, महा साँँव कुक इज़े दगाय। अं care OK ऍ viver ज़े नहीं तगतिऊशी गा िूहे भ இज़ि ब सच�Sim सचवस्याह ह्लिक में सीँश्या दii णईती लगट कुक लोब कि वाँ साँँव दीशामकग patience the silence and we're seeing amateur polarization than in the past. Also there's no question about that this polarization within almost every democracy. That's much worse than that it was. I mean, take the United States as an example where really the Republicans and Democrats simply don't agree on anything. And literally fundamental questions as well as subsidiary ones. I didn't India where there was actually a long tradition of respect and courtesy across  ಮಿಱಲಿ ಮಕರಳವತಿಕಂದಾಡಾಲನ ಮಿಕಾಡಿಲಿಲಿ ಪಿಲಿಕದಾಮತ್ ಟ್ಸಿವಿಲಿಲಿ ಮಿಕರತ್ತಿ. ಮಿಕರರಿ ಉಿ ವಿಹಿಹಿ ವರಿನಿಮ ಮಿಕರಾಣರಹಹಿತಿ ಕಿಹ೦ಾನಲ ಮಿವಿಲಾನಿಮಿಸಿ.title-division atoire vironment affairs  Cau Dionysio ingenut riteson a few people like Mr. Vajpaay, Mr. Kujral and so on as Chairman of that committee and I was deeply honoured to be made Chairman of the Academy of External Affairs Committee in my first term as an Opposition MP, which is my second term in Parliament. But no sooner had I been re-elected my third term then the government decided that they wanted it for the ruling party and because in our system they can do that even though again ढ stir आप बवाद बवान व्re असी आदी बवाद ख़भाद च़गटाब बबव जी शिल दईगुव ज़़ित आप बवाबाब बवाद शिल वाद बवाभाद आप ब भाबचाद विद सब आप बवाद during that. So I think it's not entirely entirely a loss. But where do you think that this impulse is coming from? Why are we seeing greater polarization?  How would you diagnose this? Well I diagnose it slightly sort of in political science terms. There was this old classic division that the French political scientist Maurice एस्किलएछ ती का वह दिः आप ग़ाज़े भी लुग और पराफिंटी शिक्च्चा looks आब आप उगा, और मेंने उगा रेए, औरलमग सकन र सी एग प्रुस्ट्रुपृस आप उगा शब्टे शाम हदोग, उगा, आप ख़ी प्रुस्ट्रुश्टृपृस वी दोद कूँल के लि़क कनकरिष्म मेरुझित check वो के वैढ़ने अ़वी लिच कोन्लिक के लि़क नमु बर tears ऺोजा at the manufacture । आना के अने ब्सύआरुी नुस Palm कोлен कास चकचष्त अंटो स Beijing वी बुचार खूलगे था आख़ाली ही वेगना वोन्धार में हैं वी खुलगे इर वनंधार वो पुईटेवास। आप वी वो वो औगे का बना वागाठी षागए गटे वो तुशागा वो ईप लाई. काल एसे दे फाद वीच्चान हैं कि वो जाते हैं. वीटलातने तम आपाहागते। अश्व क्षेटटा कहाआ एक जो कर आपना श्स्वसादग लिजाके आगा, निसका आपनाश्चा हेडवागते नहीं तो तो गगा। यो गर वरने था यो वो अच्छाए इंडीर। यधम्गट्माजाद तो चूदली सरड़ा near India, यधम्गट्माजाद साजदली ऽक यधम्गट्माजा म है, मूज Mi shikant paati that wants to re-imagine and rework the nature of the state, of the nature of the country, it's of the idea of India, that famous phrase of Tagore. Verses and others that wants to hold on to certain ways of doing things that perhaps the country is moving on from, who knows? In many parts of the world that this kind of conflict has become so fundamental because one of the principle players at least has come with a radically different agenda from anything that's gone before. ति gdzie हoks और.. इस युज्य मी अफिर भगाजिटास णेच ज配। मों आतनील भगाजिटार । में निवम Him गцुरुं perspectives लिए..! और इस बना पन मौत्तिम शहा न fraction आतिस राभनश मार वाता है और आद से लग आग Anyway दो. उस जित् में इस शींद हैcondnd Adam Shri lap Purlig Fin with us whole against us is is right there you know why is that there is absolute no meeting place between a 않은 vision France and the McCormdon vision of France that there is no common ground similarly between Mr Modi's vision of India and that of the Congress Party. Or the herantwand vision intent are the secular parties in turkey. So on and so forth. Therefor in every country you're seeing a far more fundamental different मैं तो मुड़एं सास्वरमँंगा वागा ज़ोंगुग ज़ोग आगिए आदजाएा मुझा भी वगागगा उंजे. में तो वह थी तो बशवाजा से सब गर गगा तो भी तो और इस के वो सोने काई नहीं.  तो आप एक आप तृित, मैं वोग में आप आमी द्खिली रहाके फक्टाड, ता थी लिए री विह्ड हैं और आप और सभ्दी ऍाब और वो गाँ ती वरग श्विद. बहुत लगक जाहल दानी और च्योंगि स्वसे ठने प्डुदा को गगहॆंगांगा रेगु रेक। but there is a fairly hefty section on social media. But I would say in short that it has had a initially liberating effect on politics. Making politicians more accessible to the general public, enhancing governmental accountability and the authorities accountability. Adding to transparency in the processes of governance. All of these are plus thing. यस स्वढो। का स्वलीट ख़ागिछ आजन्यी सब शबतांगी क्यडालागी और वो आजन्ग विड़ागी क्यडागिच्विद थी मेंगा तोसच़्वाण्या है ती मेंट्याश ती आघ्जातनागा है आसिन मिने ज़ी क्यजातनागा आपिन्यां आपने बचलीच्टन च ज़ाग़ी की सध्टेपाक आप नना सझकिब ज़ियाई में द्दचाज़र्यान साजबाई आप नहीं चर्चीग देगा क्यर्गाशाझराई.  Of you in favor of the jasmine revolution and the various Arab spring movements where enabled very much bought by social media and by television, satellite television made a lot of law the things possible, but the same thing happened in those countries. That it has created toxicity in the political culture of many parts of the world. अदबलेज शोड, अं सोरी तो कीप रड़नेंग तो तगोर बड़ एन वन अग एसे एस यो नोथ तद एन अमेरिकन क्रिटिक रोट असरबिकली ददद दी अंदिन तद इस तगोर शकोलड अमेरिकनज आद 700 दोलरस पर सकोलड लीवें इसाए दी एकशाक्त मनेच्री फिग च्यों यो भी वो स कोलड दद ब्रिटिष यो अगा वी सगोड यह लुनगें। लाण सकोलड ख़ुओलॉट hayas peaking in posh inlish enjoying London taking a break with a nice cup of tea, all that nice English stuff. जो aus of how to reconcile your critiques with the enjoyment that you've obviously gained from that. और दिडद और थदद एस लोड चोडॉए को नहीं ज़ल है। मसमें आद्टीी सावास है, जे उता सोंगा है.. उआगे वेशा है.. मैं उनकी जे सावास है.. भी और उगने आप ग़ड्छें को वहात के रहे हैं। नहीं ल्ही। आद्टी आप सावास, मैं आप देटी कॉआदी बास्वास। From the ignorance from many British people I would like them to be aware But as I've said in my own writings and speeches about my writings I've said you know we must forgive but we must not forget I think we need to know our history Just as any child ought to know the background of their parents or their grandparents or a sense of where they come from So most every society know about its past दो two hundred years of marked us too including the languages you and I speaking to each & the right now उज़े शी्वज़्ा अज़े ख़ाशा जो वेगाखाजी भूगा है गिज़े वोगाखागागे हैं उन्ह剿 है, आज़ी तुँ वोगाखागे उग़े वात आचना थे जब आक सें,काझ सो भी विर लगग of Britten ुभी में नम शम्बालिक्न, ।को दूम्टार्टे मुन्सबी आब परसच्च्यर मूअम मुन्सबी आप इज्टान की रिचाने ईच्तार ऑप लिएक जहाँ पकदे आप बार्थे kitchen ठाकरी वी में धीर दूम्टार्टे डीएक शाने गचाते। compared to that racial Brexit in 1947. वीबालिक और बाटिशन नहीं थी गुषशम वीब लिक एक वह दा त्वरचली है, रीली सकते है, मुस्झांने लाई लाईखें और नहीं की यह लिए बना हो रहे है, आज़िसं वीब इलगां।, ऐस्विशान। भी की वोपय मुस्चेड़िए, భాటా పారడిదా ఴారంమార నికాపిడిమిటరిసూ అందితా. తిస్రుట్చ్పార్డా. మఫిణితిమోషి నిసిఈక ఇప్దికి. మమరిరందిని మప్టిమదినా. जर्दिल इस्त्यकेँ बाउक वोडिल रतागगे हूँ देश्ढर देश्ढर मिन्दों। रषसमनाग्या बगी बगी खोलग, को तुज़ाक। करे आए और भो वो वाज्ट्पार्घ मुदपार्ड़ाद. आक वो वो वो वो वो वी बहुतागा च्तदाछाझा आप वे जगाद. तूए ईक वो वी दर मेंड़िय दूगात। ौ Israelंडवाअ मैंज लिंगविस्डेक ग्रूँप बी आद सवा धाम तो छगाँ All of One of Moon आख करता कि साध्या बलते गराईप यी सोब मुर्नात因為, वास आग़ लिंगविस्टेक गैधकोर था that, I have begun to realise how having this caste might not have been the best thing for India.gl of courseyou know, we are in the middle of languages become hot wire,live wire, topic in India with people in power suggesting that we scuttle English in favor of Hindi and so on.So, why don't you talk to us a little bit aboutwhat you think about the language cause the fact that we as a countryhave no language called Indian.I'm constantly being asked whether I teach my children Indian म्हार रडी मैं छोग आदा हैं देडार डूर कोंअ रहींमें है, प्र शहला ठाश्ट्याी मैंगें, विरुराडी आपटेदार को जब रची... और बाटेद क्चम आदंषाद, आप आप अपटेशेम वूदेसा दासे छूता मताद, ज़िर के जब गुजात होगी साव साव बरोचीन न सिस्सी अग़ादून थो आप अप गडादूँन के विने पण्रावाद. सावम्नि के गुजात देवा रागकाई कर दुदाने है. वो तुछ।, वो आप मुझे चोक्ड़ाद development.  बदवाल मोन ठी लीवों नहीं. लगा अओ़. जवा और लगी भी तब देखोँर आचा रँवाड़। मुझे अए वॉजा चदते की ऻ़ानी कहाँत बबाउगाला. तोनी इस्वादा खाधउ, ब्रहल्टी खाधउचा लीच वर्डीत कहाच ज़ा रही बहुट तुब आप से अबार। करज़ी निदी परतेंगे लाग करत्य। तो तच्चवर्सी कंडि नहां जिया और श्यउध़ी बीमाम प्रदते प्रड़ा के लगने जीवाने थी किया जागा लगने वो अगर की प्रटेज वो गब साज़ाव्या सऱा्फ्रे जाद को नहोंगे नाद आब आप से लगने वो भी आप थनलेगा आव गरिज आप बजे का सिलगए वो वो और वो उसलीग होती इंग्लिश as a link language and a third language which would be an Indian language from somewhere else other than your state. So in practice it meant that pretty much everyone learned English and Hindi in the urban areas, the big schools and certainly in Northern India. Nobody in the North bothered to learn a South Indian language and in some Southern states like Tamil Nadu they refused to learn Hindi. So it was honored in the breach but at least peace had been maintained by it until the BJP came and chose to stir up this particular pot again with all sorts of undesirable consequences. In fact in the 1960s when attempt was made to make Hindi the national language, there had been riots in which dozens of people were killed because of their protests over this particular issue. It's not a Pandora's box you wish to open again. So I think it's most unfortunate. I mean the fact is that Hindi is the language of almost 50% of the population just under but that too only if you assimilate so-called dialects of Hindi which are arguably languages in their own right like Mathili and Bhojpuri and so on. If you consider them all to be Hindi then you're about 48-49% but what about the other 51 and the big question is if you make Hindi the quote-unquote national language it'll mean that half your people or about half will be able to function in government and the judiciary and public life and every other way in the language which they have imbibed with their mother's milk and which they're most comfortable with and the other half will actually be completely disadvantaged. Whereas if you have English as a link language everyone is equally disadvantaged or advantaged and that is something which the sort of sense of alienation this will breed amongst the non-Hindi speakers is actually going to be colossal. So it's an issue you don't really need to open up because we were all getting along fine. Increasingly for example national institutions like the National Civil Service, the courts parliament permit you to use your language whatever it is. So in parliament today Hindi is widely heard far more than, I mean I'm told in the 1950s only English was spoken by every MP. Today the vast majority speak only Hindi. In fact we've reached a point where again after discarding an existing parliamentary convention you can ask a minister a question in English and get an answer in Hindi which has created some protests from southern Indian MPs and so on. But anyway so you've got that going and as long as you give the translator 24 hours notice you can speak in your mother tongue whatever it is. You can speak in Assamese, you can speak in Malayalam, you can speak in whatever you feel is best suited to express your ideas and the government, the parliament is obliged to find a translator if enough notice has been given and then the others can hear what you're saying through simultaneous interpretation. Actually going to one language is actually a retrograde step and I think it would disadvantage us very much in India. Worse it would be a severe jolt to Indian unity which I think is too precious to be monkey around with. Mr. Tharoor you know you say that your ideas matter more to you than your words and in fact I quote you you say as a writer I have been more concerned about the substance of what I had to say and the effectiveness of the way I say it than the actual words themselves. But in India your sort of dictionary like vocabulary has sort of defined you for many people to the extent in which if I ever tweet something with a word like crepuscular I normally get trolled with people saying who do you think you are? Tharoor you know I get those kind of responses all the time. And I never say true crepuscular. Well why? Anyway no but do you... I'm never awake at dawn. Do you worry at all that so in some ways that your legacy will end up being that of words of the guy with the fancy words rather than your ideas? Well that would be awful I'm sorry to say so please somebody here preserve my legacy. No I mean the thing is that I actually wrote that about my non-fiction writing. In fact with fiction I actually found myself saying to a lot of interviewers and so on that the telling of the tale is as important as the tale itself. And I prided myself that each of my novels experimented with a different narrative form and a different style and I'm proud of what I tried to do. Of course they all require words as well but I'm proud of what I tried to do in the sort of way of unfolding the three different novels I wrote as stories. But when it comes to non-fiction you really are trying to reach people directly and therefore if you use fancy words but your ideas don't reach them then you've actually failed at what you're trying to do. I'm not writing you know travelogues I'm writing largely political or historical or opinion kind of books and articles which are meant to strike home to people's minds and so that's where I said the ideas are more important. On this question of words it really is a joke that's gone out of hand. Actually for those of you who haven't lived in India or have been living in India under a rock what happened was that a few years ago when I was facing a sustained campaign of Columbian vilification from a certain section shall we say aided and abetted by their complicit allies in the media there was one particularly egregiously offensive series which was put out by a particularly egregiously offending television journalist and I was so angry with that he had launched a new channel and just wanted the TRP so he decided to make up his own facts and I've had to take him to court but the judicial process being what it is the case is still pending five years later but my moment of rage led me to issue an immediate tweet saying that this was an exasperating farago of lies and half-truths and outright lies being broadcast by a showman masquerading as a journalist something like that Farago to begin with is the word I'd used frequently since Stevens College in my debates in Delhi University it wasn't to me an unknown word but apparently it was because a few hours later there was a puzzled tweet from the Oxford English dictionary asking why suddenly a million Indians had looked up the meaning of the word Farago when I think the highest they'd ever had in any previous year was three or something so why was suddenly a million people looking it up and then there was some people didn't understand masquerading either but anyway that's another matter people started opening accounts calling themselves Mr. Farago and referring to me as Mr. Farago all sorts of things the whole thing got completely out of control and then they decided that this meant that I was somebody who used words that people didn't understand which I feel rather sorry for myself about because obviously I pride myself in communicating effectively and if you are going to communicate you will need to be understood so it was my foolishness that I hadn't realised that the world had moved on since I was at Stevens College Delhi University in the early 1970s having said all of this I then decided well you know if you're going to be tired and feathered with this you may as well enjoy it when shortly thereafter six months thereafter whatever my publishers wanted me to announce the imminent availability of my then new book The Paradoxical Prime Minister I tweeted that my new book The Paradoxical Prime Minister is shortly out etc. and it's far more than just a 400 page exercise in floxy norse inhalabilification which as some of you will know is a coinage from the 19th century meaning the act of estimating someone or something is worthless and that is precisely what I then explained to them but the thing caught on and I'm afraid little kids aged 3 and 4 were being wheeled out by their parents to recite floxy norse inhalabilification onto YouTube videos and onto in my presence if they ever met me and so on so it became a bit of a joke but then you know things like shortly thereafter too there was an episode where a politician who had been elected alongside us as part of an election campaign against the ruling party resigned and joined an alliance of the ruling party so I promptly tweeted the word of the day snalli gosta first usage US 1846 meaning and I gave the meaning a shrewd unprincipled politician latest usage today and I didn't have to mention him didn't have to mention his state didn't have to mention the incident and I'm pleased to say that I now hear snalli gosta being used a lot in Indian political commentary so these things happen in other words it was a joke that went out of hand a bit but I do hope people will remember the ideas and not just the words so I have done more questions some more in a sort of lighter vein and some more serious but I had somebody saying we only have 5 minutes left I'm not sure why that can't be right because we began you can give the answer I will open it up for a few questions and then hopefully get one concluding question before we really have to wind up this young gentleman in the front I think a mic is coming just wait for a second if you stand up she might know who to give the mic to and tell us how old you are as well please okay so my name is jijith I'm from west minst you can hold it closer to your lips jijith okay my name is jijith I'm from west minsta school and I'm 14 years old and my question is to do with the comment that you made that you scold the British of those days for colonizing India and doing things like that do you not think that we must also appreciate what they did in the terms of how they moulded the India that is today and how they influenced the structure and how we run things today in India well you should read my book in Glorious Empire which tells you why I don't believe there's anything to appreciate every single thing that you might appreciate today was created in India by the British to serve their own interests there was not one thing that actually was I mean the English language wasn't quote unquote given to the Indians they decided to teach a very small percentage of people just enough to serve as an intermediate class between the governors and the governed but they specifically decided not to teach the language to the vast masses that's one example the railways were built in order to extract goods from the Indian interior take them to the ports and ship them off to England part of the drain and loot of resources that had gone on and also to send troops into well any disturbances against the loot on the rape and so on and so forth it goes the courts were created to dispense British justice where murder is routinely committed by white colonial officials of their own servants were exonerated and the slightest hand raised by an Indian against a British colonialist usually ended up either in the news or transportation for life or other sorts of penalties there were very very different standards of justice from what the British like to imagine they stood for and everything is footnoted with scholarship and not just by Indian nationalists by serious scholars around the world so I'm sorry to say that I don't find very much to appreciate for that I think you can also have railways without going through the trouble and expense of being colonized it's much cheaper to just buy the damn things where are you oh hi sorry my name is Manjiri Gokhalezoshi this is I think our outstanding anchor for today Pallavi she started with the great Indian novel and this is a question which has dogged me since I read it a decade ago so it's a pleasure to ask you in the novel you've likened Nehru to Dhritrashtra as the man who had everything except vision and the one and only Indira Gandhi to Priya Duryodhani who signified pure pure evil nothing else in your own style I'm asking you this question has nobody in the congress party read this book and the second is in the same book you likened Shastri Lal Bahadur Shastri for dying I mean his only fault was that he died early like Pandu did and with him he stood for integrity as we all know do you think he was the last or is there it's not about the congress party or the BJP or any but in the Indian politician today does not stand for integrity do you think it died with him that's quite a question on that second question because there are people of integrity even today in Indian politics but whether they represent the norm or they are the exceptions I think your own question points to what the answer might be on the first one actually Dhritrashtra first of all it's a satirical novel so you're not supposed to take all these paddles totally literally the creative freedom of the novelist is precisely to be able to play with these metaphors and these ideas and so every character corresponds every character from the Mahabharata corresponds to something else in the 20th century politics of India but Dhritrashtra because he was blind and literally couldn't see he had no vision in the literal sense actually his depiction is having figuratively a huge vision the problem is that that vision is disconnected from ground reality because he can't see ground reality that was the conceit so it wasn't a wholly negative portrayal and the idea is most of these characters are complex I mean I'd like to think anyway that they are and that's one of the interesting things about the Mahabharata there are no pure heroes in the Mahabharata the original Mahabharata I mean there are gods with feet of clay there are humans who may be idealized in some respects but are deeply flawed in others within the same person so in those circumstances an epic which has room for that kind of doubt and insertitude about human beings which permits you to explore the complexities of human nature it seemed to me much more ready to lend itself to satire than say something like the Ramayana would be because the characters in it are worshipped literally by millions of people and you couldn't really do anything without tripping over into sacrilege in the Mahabharata you could because it's a very human one we almost got it a secular epic the gentleman with the glasses the lady as well perhaps just and the lady after him yeah we'll take both together you definitely have done an incredible job of anchoring this session we've seen Shashi several times over the last few years but this was I think really well matched so we hope to see you here again thank you I agree thank you Balini Shashi in the UK we're quite proud about our queen James Bond and quite prejudiced when it comes to who should play the queen or James Bond and we don't think an Indian an Indian from India could play James Bond so so you have a style an aura a Britishness almost an English gentleman and Tarool 007 yes my phone number ends with 007 with rather big words and you talk about preserving your legacy especially to be known for content and not just big words so if your biography were made into a film do you see an Indian playing you or would you look to the UK oh no that is so amusing thank you now I couldn't be 007 because I'm not sure I could shoot straight except when I speak then I do tend to be a straight shooter as much as possible but anyway short answer is you know your guess is as good as mine I don't think anyone's going to make a bio pick about me but if they do it should be an Indian Shashi sorry after that question there's a little bit more of a serious one so I think she was being very serious she probably was the name's Tarool Shashi Tarool but Pallavi I mean there's already a question discussion on the great Indian novel but one book of yours which I was very deeply affected by after I read the great Indian novel is surprisingly the one that's lesser known actually I have a copy of it with me the elephant, the tiger and the cell phone I love the book I mean especially because of the NRA perspective that it brought in and I deeply literally I was not yet it was my last year before moving to India exactly so you know I personally identified a lot with that as NRA you had come from Dubai to India and now I'm in the UK etc so but from that point of time I mean your perspective isn't that very fresh in my head to this book which is now pride, prejudice and punditry you know how has that perspective of both you as a person who's changed from then to now as well as your perspective on the world around which is now reflected in these essays because I have read reviews that you know there are certain changes in the whole thing but I'd like to hear your own thoughts on how that's changed from the elephant tiger and the cell phone days to the pride, prejudice and punditry days okay I'll try and be brief I mean I think elephant tiger and cell phone was a book written in 2007 it was actually the year that I had left the UN had not yet returned to India it was seeing India that cusp of heady optimism when everyone was expecting it to be this new sort of economic giant growing at the same time a thriving free market democracy in fact the American edition has a subtitle the next superpower or something like that I mean they really thought it was those are the words that were being bandied about at the time and so the transformation of the slow lumbering elephant of cliche this sprightly bounding tiger that was emerging that was what was about and the cell phone was the instrument that seemed to embody I was fortunately right about the cell phone in fact all the numbers in the book are out of date because we kept breaking the world record for the number of cell phones sold and the number of users and so on right through and today we have something like 900 million cell phone users in India but I think the things that have changed are the things that I least expected to see change because I came back to an India that in essence in spirit was still the India grown up in there were superficial changes much more consumerist society than before lots of foreign goods available that were unavailable when I was growing up in India all of that stuff but those were essentially superficial ones essentially India was still the same sort of country everyone trying to get along everyone of course on the make for themselves trying to you know either get out of the way of the government there's still that famous line India grows at night when the government is asleep I mean that was happening you had all that heavy excitement and there was really democracy was even more successful and effective than before people were freer the media was brighter and more independent institutions that seemed to be incipient when I left to go abroad 34 years previously had now become flourishing and now there are more effective autonomous institutions that has all that has changed dramatically and it's changed specifically in the last eight years where you're seeing a country where all sorts of things that I would say were unimaginable to me both when I left and when I returned to my country has now become possible things that used to be inconceivable that people would even utter behind the privacy of their closed doors are now being declaimed from public platforms the history of hatred of verbal violence against people against minorities and other communities we are seeing the hollowing out of institutions we are seeing a coward and complacent media we are seeing all sorts of developments that almost represent a reversal of what in 2007 I would have seen as the trends to celebration India now is it irreversible again if such a major thing can be reversed we can perhaps put it back on track again but it requires the Indian public and the Indian voter to decide they want it back on another track or whether they're happy with the way the country is going today but the fact that it's different, no doubt about it I think we have time for one more question before I'll wrap up Is it out? Okay, hi I just wanted to ask you a question because I came across I'm an artist but I came across someone asking me because I said I'm Indian and then they were like why don't you identify as your ethnicity because I'm from the northeast from a tribe called the Pnars and so I wanted to I didn't have an answer to that and I wanted to know if you have an answer to why certain people won't say they're Indian but they would say they're Punjabi or Pnars or like Assamese well what was special about India was you could be both you see I mean you could be a good Bengali Muslim and a good Indian all of the same time if you want it to be and each identity mattered to you more in different context if you were in a gathering of people from your states you might identify more as a Bengali if you were going to the mosque for a prayer you might identify more as a Muslim if you're meeting in a mixed gathering or at a university or a school you might identify you by a national thing so people can be all of those things many things and one thing all of the same time and what gave us all the security to be secure in these multiple identities was the sheltering carapace of the Indian identity so you can say I'm from Meghalaya or I'm from the northeast or I'm a Kashi or I'm a Jantia whatever it is that you know tribally you may want to identify with if you go to church you might say you're a Christian if you go to a temple you might say you're a Hindu in those contexts but we will ask you which country you're from you should say you're Indian and I think we would all of us all Indians here would be equally comfortable embracing all these identities that's what I talk about the diversity the pluralism of India and that embodies that Balavi you know so many questions left including I wanted you to tell me about your adventures and being the sexiest voted the sexiest vegetarian or something like that but I don't think we have time for that today that was several kilos ago I'm afraid this is the hottest vegetarian actually not the sexiest vegetarian but you know I think a lot of us have this question because you are a member of the congress party and that is the opposition and as you said we're at this inflection point in India today where we're seeing this old pluralistic idea of India come under attack and we're seeing a very different India of gaining ground and we see a very sort of absent opposition so I mean to end with if I could just ask you like with the congress the answer is I don't know and I think the public of India will have to decide that I feel it's a bit unfair to speak about an absent opposition because the opposition is there struggling to make itself heard and there are various reasons why it isn't heard very much part of it may be its own fault part of it is also the fact that the media may not give it what the space it deserves the fact that social media is dominated by agents of the ruling party and its ideology there are various factors and of course we have seen a splintering of the opposition in the last couple of elections which mean that there are now 46 parties represented in parliament BJP has a majority all by itself and then there's a one person party a two MP party that sort of thing all over the place and no behemoth the government with constituting an immediate alternative that is the problem if you like rather than an absent opposition it's a fragmented opposition that we have and I think the congress is quite capable of being and serving as the linchpin of an alternative I think clearly in the way things are right now it cannot hope alone to take on the government the BJP and its majority but if it were to more effectively make common cause with other parties including parties which are regional parties anchored in specific states but which broadly share the sort of simplified I can say the broad sort of social democratic principles in which the congress party is anchored center or slightly center left then that I think is certainly the way forward and the realistic alternative for the voters of India then would be a choice between a BJP dominated government as we've seen for the last two terms or a coalition of very many parties centered around the congress party that's the best I can say at this point but there are two years to go and I think a lot of ferment in the opposition space right now let's see how it all works out so on that note I hope this has given you a lot of food for thought please put your hands together big round of applause Shashi Tharoor Thank you Pandavi