So next up we have a talk from Peter Jones is going to talk about open sourcing sheet music So as usual you have 15 minutes and the stage is yours Thank you Hi everyone I'm Peter and I'm talking about open score and it's our mission to open source sheet music so we last here back at Fosden 2017 where we announced open score to the world and We said that it was our mission was to basically do what what open street map did for maps or project good and I did for books We want to do for sheet music and specifically public domain sheet music So what does this involve for sheet music? So we're basically taking so initially paper scores that are in the public domain and And You it's a two-step process to create open source sheet music firstly you need to scan the music to create bitmaps But then you don't want to just stop with a PDF. You want something that you can Actually interact with we want to get musical source code So the next step is to convert it into an XML format so that you get a semantic score something that renders with nice crisp Crisp lines and that you can use to render Audio as well so you can actually listen to the score So the step one is covered by IMS LP, which is the the world's largest community of people up who look for public domain scores around the world in libraries and so on and Scan these scores and upload them to IMS so the IMS LP archive and The step two is covered by the Muse score community So this is taking those PDFs or FIM SLP and transcribing them to convert Excuse me to convert the PDFs to XML so Muse scores the the largest online community of sheet music creators and Of course, it's open source software under GPL version 2 So the idea of this is that we create digital scores something that you can you can actually listen to not like a PDF That you can edit so you can change notes or extract parts like instrumental parts Transpose the score. Maybe if you're a singer so that you can reach the notes And then once you've made your changes you want to be able to share those changes with other people without being restricted by copyright So we're trying to liberate music from copyright and liberate it from paper and So the liberation from Paper was covered by the XML conversion and liberation from copyright is done by publishing all of the Transcriptions under Creative Commons zero. So there's they're effectively fast-tracked into the public domain So there's complete freedom to to adapt them and share them so in preparation, so we announced the project FOSDEM 2017 and At that point we had run Two or one at that time pilot transcription to do the Tchaikovsky's six symphony And then shortly afterwards we did another to transcribe for his requiem so the method was that we would take an imslp PDF and We'd basically break it up into chunks of a few pages Send them out to music or users who would transcribe these pages and then we would check them and If they to see whether they were accurate with the original and if not then we'd request improvements send them back and Then once they were all finished we'd join them together to create a finished score and the result of this was that We we reckoned we could do it take about a month to fully transcribe a Symphony using this method, but of course you could run multiple in parallel to speed things up and The hope is that while it was initially Well myself doing the checking of all of these that we would be able to invite more experienced transcribers to take some of the review burden and Then it would be up to me to do a final review Before publishing it on the open score account so we then launched a Kickstarter campaign in June of 2017 and Called open score join the sheet music revolution and the pitch of the campaign was that We would liberate an initial 100 works using the tools that we currently had available at the time and So this was like a concrete goal That we had and then the sort of the more abstract aim of the project as well Was that by backing this project you'd also be helping enable it to grow in the future? So we would use this hundred works as like a trial at scale to try and establish the best procedures For doing the transcriptions to solve any scalability issues develop the required Automation tools to enable it to grow in the future to eventually liberate all public domain music So how it worked? was We appealed to Musescore users that if you Give us your time in transcribing the scores then we'll reward you with a Pro membership of Musescore's share a music sharing website and That the Kickstarter backers is that if you help us Back if you help the project by contributing money This will enable us to run the transcription effort and to make those scalability improvements and the the backers would get rewarded by they would have Their name would appear in the credits and they were perks that they could pay If they paid a certain amount of money, then they would get to choose an addition that we would actually digitize one of those hundred or they could And if they paid a bit more then they could actually write a dedication in the public edition So you could be the person to to have a dedication in the public version of Beethoven's fifth for example and As a bonus each of these hundred editions would get a Visualization made by the digital artist Nicholas through Joe Who had been? visualizing Muse score scores from Musescore.com before this and here's a visualization of his Of the Valdez four seasons that he created So he offered to create a visualization of each of the open score transcriptions so so we ran the campaign and That it lasted a month. We Exceeded our goal of 45,000 euros. We managed to raise 51,000 and over a thousand people back to the campaign and hundreds of people Musescore users told us that they were interested in transcribing So then the transcription work began straight away and The way this would work is I would open a transcription group on Musescore.com and Invite a bunch of transcribers and give them each sort of three to five pages of music They'd upload their transcriptions and then I would check them So the early challenges that we faced is the variety of pieces chosen by the Kickstarter backers these range from piano scores to entire symphonies And the the length of the pieces there are many scores with over More than like 10 instruments or 50 plus pages of music And of course many of the transcribers were inexperienced and they saw open score as a learning tool that They would do a transcription and then we would give them feedback on it But of course this is all basically what we're expecting and we even encouraged We wanted to get the The well-known works so we were hoping to get the longer works and and the way to Help those inexperienced transcribers as I published a set of Online exercises that they could complete before they started doing the transcriptions. So this would show them They would see Basically instructions of if you see this in the original score Here is how we would like you to notate that in Musescore. So it's like a step-by-step guide and We'd also help them by producing a template score. So we would add all the instruments To a Musescore file and set it up All ready to go so that they could just start adding notes from the beginning And the the rule for the template score is it has to contain all the instruments from all the movements And this is important when it comes to joining them up later And this is the first challenge is joining all of those scores together And we were relying on a Musescore 2 feature to do this called the albums feature, which was an experimental feature and There are various issues With this feature. So eventually it became necessary for me to write a separate program in Python that would take scores and Join them together outside of Musescore so that we could preserve as much information as possible. Otherwise some of the The transcribers work would be lost So then we would give the join score to So but the point of this is that even after the transcriptions complete There's still a significant amount of work that goes into tidying it up before it's actually ready to be published Another challenge is the variety of notation. So What we were hoping is that we could sort of gradually speed up over time. So we were starting out with that initial one Transcription being completed per month one of these symphonies, but It actually it was very difficult to speed up because we found that each new score would contain Sort of new notation quirks that we we hadn't encountered before the transcribers wouldn't have seen so we weren't sort of Learning over time and in the way that we hoped we would so I was learning but there'd be new transcribers and They wouldn't be gaining this experience in each new score posed new challenges. So the solution to this Was to actually in each template score. I would add Specific instructions for that score. So I would go through the The IM SLP score and look for things that I thought the transcribers might struggle with and then I would add instructions about those things to the score itself So this made work easy of transcribers It made work significantly easier after the transcription was complete But it created a huge burden in studying those scores before the transcription could even begin and in the extreme case and we have Wagner's devulcary here, which is the the opera that contains the riders vulcaries and So you can see the template score for this has a hundred and fourteen different instruments and that's because So what you're seeing here on the left is like a zoomed-in version and on the right you can see that line Indicating that's how much you're looking at so all of that down on the right-hand side of the screen. That's more instruments. So you're only seeing like the The wind section at the top and there's still the the brass below that and then the percussion and the strings and so on And this is due to the requirement to have every instrument that's in every movement And so there's instruments here like clarinets in a And clarinets in B flat and so on there's all the all the different keys and the score itself is over 700 pages long So this posed a significant challenge and So that because of the burden of creating these templates Meant that we needed to adopt a new approach So about this time we were approached by Mark Gotham from the University of Cambridge who had funding to run a project to digitize 19th century songs for piano and and a singer But we we didn't think we'd help him because we were struggling with our with our own project But I had another look at it and I thought well perhaps actually we can help here because these pieces that Mark wants to transcribe We're much shorter. There's two to three pages each So there's no need to split the score up and rejoin it later on So we just have one transcription group for all of the pieces rather than one group for each piece There's only two instruments in each score and they're always the same instruments so we just have one template that would work for every single one of these pieces and They're all based on a common theme so the notation was similar And what this meant is it was actually possible to get more people on board with the viewing With the reviewing whereas before it had to all be done by me because of all the specialist notation So this allowed us to complete 250 of those shorter transcriptions in four months Which is kind of what we're hoping for so with the main project and running our time is so speeding up we had we switched to doing transcriptions by individuals and So rather than a group would be one person would be the transcriber But this means that you the transcriptions run it in series rather than in parallel So one person working their way through the score so it takes significantly longer, but of course you can still do more than one at a time and So just recently 24th of December Muse score 3 was released and this has important features that enable us to Go faster in the future. So it has automatic layout, which means that The the task of tidying up a transcription that's been finished is much quicker And it also has a score comparison tool Which means that we can get printed out a list of if somebody edits a score we can see exactly what they changed and this protects the integrity of the scores and So we have the the planets here which Even though transcribers had done this on their own after the point at which it was given to us We had to keep sending it back to them to get it ready for publication in this to several months Even that was already finished But now we estimate that would take two to three weeks in musical 3 and I have a preview of the completed score here so you see the cover of visualization and We can Listen to the the playback on the score page on you's got up Well, you can't hear the play back. Okay. I'm very sorry to interrupt you But the time is up. We're actually over time already. So I would like to ask for a warm. Thank you for the talk


But ultimately, the sentiment is that there is a shift on the horizon or a potential shift on the horizon now with the Bank of Japan monetary policy. And that calls into, you know, question the, I guess, the convergence trade idea right so convergence and again talking to Moses about it. Or mentioning it to Moses is, is more, you know, whereas all these other central banks are pretty much looking to tail off, you know, their interest rate hikes, right, coming to the end of the cycle. Now, for ages, the Bank of Japan was doing something like this. And then now, potentially it's looking like, you know, that might start to happen. So, as you know, the market typically does is it's forward looking. It's now starting. This is what you saw, you know, yesterday is a pricing now of, you know, the move, right. It surprised the markets, the markets hadn't priced in, you know, the this, you know, this move to the upside. Well, it moved to the upside but you know the potential for and I'm not saying that they're going to, you know, hike, you know, any significant amount or they might do right who knows but the fact that they're even starting their hiking, potentially starting a hiking cycle, the market now has to price the value of the Japanese yen and what it potentially may look like in the future right. So this is where and this is ultimately what fundamental analysis is about is understanding future present and future value. Yeah, potential value. So these moments don't come around every single day or even every single week right people say oh what are the fundamentals for the day, or what's the fundamentals for the week. So these types of, you know, shifts in policy again happen, you know, they do happen but it's a rare event but when it does happen. This can now become a trade idea that you can get in on for, you know, a quarter or two, you know, three to nine to 12 months depending on obviously how it starts to play out right. And so that's what's happening right now and you're seeing obviously the yen start to react so trade idea one of the trade ideas for 2023. You know, is actually now the beginning of the buying of of the yen. Yeah, so any pullbacks on a yen pair, which, you know, again, because we're trading in pairs, you always want to look at if you're buying the yen and the yen is obviously the maybe the quote currency is it typically is for most, if not all of the pairs that we look at right meaning that you know the base currency whether it's the dollar whether it's the you know the pound whether it's the euro whether it's the Canadian dollar whether it's the Australian dollar right. You're looking at obviously short trades right pressing sell on your broker to to buy the yen now. You know, the question now becomes if I'm by if I want to be a buyer of the yen, which of these pairs or which of these currencies is going to be the weakest. You know, to trade it against right because you don't ultimately want to I mean although you know pretty much that the yen is going to strengthen against all of them.  You know it's pretty much just take your pick right which one you actually want to get involved in but you can kind of niche down you don't want to obviously over risk you don't want to just stop, you know, buying the yen against every single you know which one or which two or three of these is going to be the one that you think or the ones that you think are going to be the ones that will run for this you know what pretty much springs to mind at the moment is going to be you know the you know, you're going to be a buyer of the yen and of course you've got commodity currencies as one I want to talk about commodity currencies a bit later but for me that I think the number one candidate for for for a pair now and that I'm going to be very bearish on. Anyway, but, and I was looking to get involved in in this pound gen I thought it would have come up over Christmas. You know I mean if the if the if the Bank of Japan didn't do what they did I think it might have drifted up over Christmas to the to the highs of the daily range I did send a chart, you know, I think showing what I thought was going to happen. Then I was hoping that either I could get in there or on some sort of stop hunt above the level. But obviously, you know prices didn't get up there right the yen shop the market and then we ended up going down here it's now looking for some sort of pullback into a supply zone before you know potentially getting. You know, sure, but the, the pound yen is definitely. Yeah, that's it. Alexander says the pound gen looks like the best divergence absolutely. You know I can spot that a mile away right it's just that's, you know that's it right of course you're pretty going to you pretty will see the dollar yen. Pretty much all currencies weekend against the yen because it's such a big move but again pick a few the couple that you think are going to have the, the, the biggest that were the biggest divergences and so that for me is the trade idea for 2023.


Our speaker is Punky Duero, he's with ICANN and he's going to be talking about the key management facility of the root zone DNS key signing key. I got that right. So let's welcome him and thank you. Thank you. Hold on. Let me just set this up. All right. Thank you. You guys survived Las Vegas. It's Sunday. Thanks for coffee and Red Bull. So let me clarify the purpose of this talk. I'm not going to talk about DNSSEC in detail, but rather because there are prior talks from Richard Lamb and they're the expert on the DNSSEC along with Tomofumi Okubo, who's part of Verisign. They've been a major player led by David Conrad, our CTO. But rather, I'm going to show you something unique, basically the key management facility. I'm going to provide a show and tell, which is some of you may have seen a key management facility, but it's typically behind closed doors, you know, because activities are not public and stuff like that. And I'm going to show you how we protect the crypto, the private key, the root zone DNSSEC key signing key. Again, Punky Duero, one of the cryptographic key managers for ICANN. And I help, you know, implement or perform the IANA functions. So just very quickly, I'm going to talk about ICANN because there's a couple of misconceptions on what ICANN does. Let me get this cable. You know, we assign IP addresses for people, domain names. That's actually true, but we do it on a top level, meaning we assign chunks of IP addresses to five internet registries in the world. These are ARIN for America, LACNIC, APNIC for Asia, and stuff like that. So when we assign it to these internet registries, they're the ones who assign it to your ISP providers and ISP providers to everyone of us. Users. Same thing with the domain names. We don't deal with defconn.org, but rather we work with our root zone management partners for the top level, the .com, .net, .gov, .edu, and .org. And there's actually .xxx nowadays. I mean, God knows what are those in there. So ICANN is a multi-stakeholder in three groups just very quickly, just one minute. So the community on the right left side, it's, you know, folks that are part of the internet community, engineers, operators that want to make, that helps us to make the internet work. And they develop process policies, procedures that's submitted to or reviewed and approved by the ICANN board. These are representatives from the ICANN community. And once they approve the policies and procedures, it gets given to ICANN organization, which is where I'm part of. We implement it via the IANA functions, and there's three IANA functions. Protocol parameters, these are the ports, the QoS, the Kerberos. These are, we maintain a database of these unique registries that help communicate, the computers communicate via network. I'm not the expert on that. There's Michelle Cotton, Naila Saras on our team. Numbers, resources, I mentioned earlier, and domain names. Under domain names, we also perform DNSSEC, domain name security extension, system security extension. And basically the whole idea of ICANN is to help make, there's only one internet for the entire world or else. Basically if you want to connect to facebook.com, you have to connect to Time Warner and google.com, you have to connect to maybe AT&T, so that's not going to work. So before I move forward with my presentation, let me show real quickly a short clip because I have to warn you, this is a little bit cheesy, but anyway, I'll present it. Where is my mouse? It's one of the seven. We hold some of the keys to the internet. Seven keys control the internet? They can't be possible. No, they don't control what's on it. It's just how to secure it. Seven security experts randomly selected by ICANN. The internet corporation for sign names. The ceremony, walk me through how it works. They pull out all the stops, pin codes, smart cards, biometric hand scans. That is not an easy room to get yourself into. Steps are divided up amongst a bunch of people to prevent anyone from compromising the process. Return to you. The keyhole does mean to generate a master key. So yeah, I mean, that is, thank you. It's a long clip, but I just compressed it. The interesting part, it's Hollywood. Thank you for making it. Key ceremony is interesting. That's basically, first of all, we don't control nor secure the internet traffic. And there's no such thing as a master key just to clarify. It will be nice. I mean, just like having a unicorn. Agenda. My agenda for today, I have three topics. KSK Rollover, just what's going on. Reminder, KMF, the key management facility. Again, show and tell. I'll take you guys on a tour. That's why try to go closer if you want to see the pictures later on. And then the key ceremony is what is it? How is it related? So DNSSEC, KSK, for folks who are not aware of DNSSEC, I mean, it's basically an added security layer to the DNS by incorporating the public key cryptography to the DNS hierarchy, making it a global PKI for domain names. And for this topic, we're only going to talk about key management facility for the key signing key, which is the very top cryptographic key for the root zone DNSSEC, KSK. And since 2010, we have a functional and operational KSK. This basically has been used. And back in October, we've created a new key. We generated a new key pair, RSA 2048.  And it's been seven years since we, you know, we haven't updated the very top key of the root zone DNSSEC. And basically it's not, you know, it took some time because there's careful planning and testing with the community that helped us. And it's not easy to swap the keys. It's just like, you know, put it in that. We try to maintain the chain of trust. So we're using the trust at KSK 2010 to introduce the KSK 2017. And again, there are talks from Ed Lewis, from Richard Lamb that details about that guy right there with the white shirt. So simple dig that, you know, to the root, DNSSEC will show the public key representation of the KSK 2017. And then it has been published on the DNS since July 11. If, you know, there are two ways to update your system. If you're running a DNSSEC-validating DNS resolver, one is automated. Basically RFC 5011, go to ITF website, which pulls that DNS key automatically and starts the trusting process of 30 days. The other one is manual, which is you download the trust anchor through the website, data.iana.org, slash root anchors. So if you're an operator, would like to play around, or somebody would like to play around with DNS, want to implement DNSSEC, want to know how to configure the DNS recursive server, it's different. I mean, there's different software, power DNS, bind, unbound. I would recommend to read the manual. You guys know what to do. Time. So this is the timeline. The KSK rollover have started, you know, ever since from planning. So the next milestone is September 19, 2017, because, you know, how DNSSEC works, every quarter we introduce, that's the zone sign key that kind of like signs the records on the DNS zone. We're introducing it, that's why there's a packet increase on September 19. But the main thing is October 11. If your DNS recursive server that's supporting DNSSEC validating, if you don't have the DNS, the KSK 2017 trusted by that time, your internet's not going to work, because, you know, most of the top level domains are signed and it's going to fail, basically. So October 11, we're using the Knew KSK 2017. So ICANN, we offer test beds, go.ican.org. You know, Paul Hoffman have implemented that and other folks on our CTO team, led by David Conrad, for those who wanted to try. So I mentioned about KSK rollover. You guys may wonder, where is this KSK stored? I just mentioned the public key resides on the DNSSEC resolvers, recursive servers. And the private key is stored on an HSM. The guy earlier that did the talk on cypher punks highlighted the HSM. This HSM that we use is certified with FIPS 140-2 level 4, meaning that it's just a certification for a cryptographic module that stores the digital keys. And we have two on a facility, both having the KSK 2010 and 2017, until we stop using the KSK 2010. This HSM has a lot of sensors. You shake it, you apply incorrect power, it blows up the keys, not the HSM.  The idea is to detect tamper and to try to avoid compromise of you gaining access, you know, unapproved access to the key. Okay, he's flagging me 10 minutes. So to access the HSM, basically, we need smart cards to enable it, at least three of the seven smart cards. And these smart cards are assigned to crypto officers. I hope you guys know this guy. I mean, if you guys use the internet, you're better. I mean, this is Vint Cerf along with Bob Kahn. They help invented the internet. So these crypto officers are well diversified. There came from across the world, internet community representatives or members of the internet community that were called trusted community representatives. We implemented rigorous background checks, vetting process. And by the way, just to make sure you guys understand, internet community representatives doesn't mean that they're like Kanye West, Miley Cyrus, or Jennifer Lopez. Those are different celebrities of the internet that are not part of this. These are operators, engineers that help make the internet work. I mean, like probably some of you guys as well. So those smart cards are placed inside safe deposit box. They deposit box inside the safe. And in return, the keys to the deposit box are given to the TCRs to keep while they're still active. And then to open the safe, it requires a different individual, which is our ICANN staff. Same thing, we did a rigorous process, background checks, to make sure they're, say, who they are. And this HSM have a lot of sensors as well. You know, defense in depth that we try to implement. It has seismic sensors. Let's say somebody wants to drill on it. And also the triple bias door contacts to avoid tamper. So let's say, because of some contacts, when you open it, you can actually place a magnet to fool the system. But this one, it's like it has some balancing that... I don't know. And also it's certified GSA Class 5. I don't know what that means. But basically, I mean, it's what the federal government uses for keeping their top secret documents. It's the same. So that's the smart cards. You may wonder what about the equipment. The equipment is on another safe, which is what we call hardware safe. We put the HSM, which is we have two, on a facility. And it's opened by a different individual. I mean, unlike the other one, which is the credential safe controller, this is a hardware safe controller person, which is they don't share the combination. And it has... That safe has the same protection mechanism. Laptop, HSM, and other equipment. You see that circle right there, the kids that don't recognize nowadays. That's basically a CD where the operating system, this circle, the CD where the operating system and the key management software is used. And this laptop that we use is basically bare. It doesn't have wireless connectivity. It doesn't have a hardware, because we boot it through the CD. And the software is published on the IANA website. You guys can download it. Rick developed the first version of it and then you can criticize it, sorry. So I just described... It's basically air-gap, the laptop. There's no internet connection. Regardless of there's vulnerability on the older CentOS operating system, it doesn't matter. It doesn't connect to the internet. So I just described two safes. Obviously, it's stored on a safe room. Because in the safe room, there's two safe. And that safe room is a cage and I think what is my time? This room requires two-factor authentication. Different individuals with different roles. Normally, I would say we use iris scanner because it's awesome just like Mission Impossible. It's pretty cool. But since I'm talking to a lot of technical people, it's BS.  I mean, honestly, it's just for show. I mean, when we speak with media, it is pretty cool and stuff like that. We try several times. Because the issue, it's an old... We're actually trying to improve it in the process of upgrading it. The issue is the credential swipes in between. It times out, which is rejecting us. I guess it's too much security, which is good. But we use the alternate card reader instead. We use card and pin. Still a dual occupancy requirement and dual access. So two people with different roles. And yeah, that. So this room is enclosed inside a larger room, a larger cage. So again, defense in depth. That larger cage is covered in wall to make it beautiful. It has surveillance cameras, a lot of them. Backup connection, backup monitoring, same thing. Dual occupancy, two-man rule. Two people access the room. And we have a lot of sensors. Actually in the past, speaking about the sensors, we have passive infrared sensors. And the issue with that is... Man, it's bad. Because I mean, change of temperature or a fly flying by, we get calls at night at 2 a.m. It's just horrible. And then my ringtone actually is... It's... So yeah, and my ringtone is like this. So waking me up at 2 a.m. the morning, it's just horrible. So we decided to upgrade it. And we've adopted dual technology, microwave sensors, and passive infrared to kind of like compensate with sensor detect heat and stuff like that. It rejects it. Less false alarms. So whenever we perform maintenance or key ceremonies, which I'll talk about in a little bit, there's another role that we have to notify, whether courtesy notification or ask them to contact our monitoring station, which is separate from us, other than... Because we receive notification to staff and the monitor... We receive alarms, staff, and the monitoring station. So basically we ask this another role, which is access control manager to either disable the monitoring station or just a courtesy note. So to get into that room, there's a small room, which is what we call the mantrap. Same thing. I mean, mantrap, basically if one door is open, the other cannot be opened. Actually it's the same thing with the entire facility. So that's the key management facility. What about the key ceremony? It's not tea ceremony. Pardon my Asian accent. I try to say key, not tea. So that's me two decades ago looking at a lady cooking green stuff. I mean, it's not pot. It's Japanese green tea. So just like a key ceremony, it's a ritual. And we observe the process. So we kind of look at the tea and turn the cup and stuff like that. It's interesting, I think. Japanese tea ceremony. Same thing with the key ceremony. It's a ritual. And then we gather around. I mean, you can see this is the ceremony room. You see that cages in there. These are the TCRs and the staff in combination. And we use a script. So it's a step-by-step process as well. It typically three acts. The first act comprised of several steps to open the ceremony, extract the equipment. The second one is to use the HSM for signature. Again, DNSSEC doesn't encrypt. We sign the key and then the key sciences zones. So, and then the third act is basically we return all materials, you know, all the... After we've assembled it, we perform the key ceremony. We return the materials and we... In the end, we generated a signed key response. This is what we give Verisign, our root zone partner, so that they can publish it to the DNS in the next quarter. So this ceremony is highly audited. Every trace, we try to maintain chain of custody. You can actually trace each ceremony on the Ayana website from back in 2010, that you can see each temper evident bags that we used and how we opened it and stuff like that. It is lengthy, three hours. It takes three hours and then... Oh, shoot, what time is it? And so it's actually boring. People compare it with... It's just the blacklist redemption earlier just showed it pretty interesting, but it's not. Because it's three hours. It's like people compared it to watching a paint dry. And I think it's actually an insult to the paint, to be honest with you. So all in all, I don't know if you guys were counting, there are at least 12 people required to perform a key ceremony, a typical key ceremony, minimum of 12, plus the one that we need to notify to disable the notifications on the wandering side. Again, segregation of duties. This is to minimize collusion. So where is this key management facility? Anyone know? I mean, Raise of the Hands? No? Okay, it's in US, yes, that is correct. And it is not a secret. We have two locations, one in Virginia, the other one's in El Segundo. Every quarter, we alternate both facilities to perform it every key ceremony. And so, you know, that right there, I just clicked it. So what happens if... five minutes, okay. So what happens if both facilities aren't operable? Then this is where, you know, another set of TCRs comes along. Who doesn't know Dan Kamianski, basically? He's one of our TCRs, Recovery Key Shareholders. Unlike other crypto officers, you know, they gather around as well, along with critical materials, to help reconstruct the KSK, the new key, the private key, and, you know, be able to use it. So all in all, we have 21 TCRs. I'm trying to rush, pardon me. And then, they are experts in the DNS industry and highly critical. And actually we want that, because we want to be criticized. We show, I mean, we do what we say we do, and then they point out our mistakes and stuff like that. We accept it, we try to improve, we discuss with them, and how can we improve the process. And on top of that, we also hired external auditors to help us review our internal controls, security for availability and integrity. So you guys may wonder why such a high security, so public, right? Why am I doing this? I mean, why am I showing these pictures to you guys? It's because mostly it's behind closed doors. Again, this is not a paid service, unlike the CAs and other folks that perform this. And trust involves, trust, like most things on the Internet, adoption involves trust. And so we try to set a high standard because KSK is very top crypto on DNSSEC, and part of ICANN's mandate is to promote transparency and accountability. Make sure we do what we say we do. So can it survive a tank or a mission impossible attack by Tom Cruise? No, definitely not. Because, I mean, that's why we implemented defense in-depth to delay the attacker and us allowing us to detect the compromise. And we activate certain protocols to respond to it. This is also why we're doing the KSK Rollover, to check, you know, if we can handle it in the process. So, yeah, pictures. That's Richard Lam looking at the KeyMatch software. This is at the end of the key ceremony. And this one, he's holding a tamper-event bag, one of our TCRs, Olaf Colkman. I mean, this is one of them. We've used a different model in the past that we did replace because, I mean, the tamper village, right?  Yeah, and then led by, yeah, those folks right there. So, yeah, so, I mean, with that, I thank you everyone's attention for, you know, for staying. I'm glad you guys are here. And please feel free to reach out, LinkedIn, my LinkedIn, iCANN's LinkedIn, my Twitter. I just created my Twitter. And those are the links that should be helpful. And by the way, I mean, if you guys are interested and then known in your community, I would suggest to apply because we're replacing, not replacing. I mean, we're looking for successors for the TCRs. You know, they've been in there, they're probably bored. I mean, sitting there for like three, four hours a day or every quarter. So, thank you very much.


Hello everyone, I hope you can hear me and see me. Well, I am your English teacher Today is old man Robin Shaw. I'm here to answer your English questions. I hope Everyone's having a good day. Welcome to the live stream. Let's check the comments just to see Who are the great students that it showed up early and on times.  Hello. If you have any English questions start typing them All right, and then I got to watch everyone talking I Have only water today. Thank you. We can hear and see you. Thank you sleepwalker. That's always The person doing the live stream, that's their biggest worry They start talking for five minutes and actually nobody can hear or see them Salome hello Kelly. Hello Hello, mr. Rock is here and Nur Abdul Gadir Sitar Jonathan Harry 300 All the great students may funky. Hello. Oh may fun cheese. You're always doing the Quizzes and let me know when there's a problem All right, if you got any English questions, let me know I'm gonna take a look at As the questions are coming in let's take a look at my channel. Let's see See what's happening So this is my main channel These are the last videos I uploaded These days why is a vowel? I Don't know if you've seen that one now that video is not doing not doing well hundred questions with Steve I don't know if you see I hope everyone here watch these videos Steve Hathley he's gonna be doing some other types of video. He's gonna be doing interview videos for me Let's zoom in I already filmed one interview video. I might release it this week Brandon and Sora I did that video to help them out And they're a great couple, but this video is not doing so well You know none of my videos are doing well these days so Alexandra two videos three videos in the last few weeks great teacher Mike he's doing okay Nadia's I'm not sure if you guys are watching this this one was okay It's YouTube's getting harder and harder YouTube is getting harder and harder See alright, we got some questions in I'll get ready for the questions Pedro hello, Mariam asks about the Frasal verb get along So in a sentence I Get along With my we'll say co-workers the people the people I work with Never okay, I get along with my co-worker. She's asking about this get along It's actually get along with because you get along with someone. Did you say with the question? Well as a is Phrasal verbs can have many meanings I'm guessing this is the meaning you're talking about I get along with my co-workers to get along with means We have a good relationship We do not fight. Okay. We get along that means we cooperate. We can talk to each other No problems our relationship has no problem That's one meaning of get along. I'm not I can't think of another one. I'm sure there is Because phrasal verbs have so many meanings Get along So I can think of Mariam if I didn't answer your question. Let me know Estefan Fanny foster Stephanie from Panama. I would like to know how non Native speakers can improve their English pronunciation. All right Well native speakers don't really need to improve their pronunciation. I guess some do So English pronunciation So a lot of students always ask me how do I improve my English? Pronunciation and I would say 99% of the time actually there's no problem with your pronunciation. I Think a lot of students feel they need to have a American accent or a British accent Oh, you can if you think that way you're wrong and You're gonna have a lifetime of Struggling to get accents you don't need so don't waste your time trying to get American or British accent So accent don't need pronunciation. How to improve it You have to copy a native speaker You have to hear the native speaker and you have to copy the native speakers. So there's techniques like Well, you listen and you can shadow or mimic what they're saying That's how you in if you're not if you're not living in a in an English speaking country If you're living in an English speaking country, you're gonna be exposed to it so much But if you're not living in an English speaking country The only way to improve your pronunciation is through your listening and copying What a native speaker says? so That's what you do or if you have a chance to have a teacher who can help you directly with your pronunciation But as I said 99% The time when I talked to students who are worrying about about pronunciation actually there is no big pronunciation problem Just because you don't say the word exactly the same as me Doesn't that mean you're wrong if I understand you saying the word then you have no pronunciation problem Uh, how many steps did you walk today? Jonathan comes in with the uh start showing these I forget this new program today, uh, I'm I'm actually gonna go walking after The live stream so my step count today is 8100 But at my that's just for the General walking I'm gonna get serious after the live stream and I'll probably take a three hour walk All right, uh at milson Dona Zeto Bosco From brazil we I get a lot of students from brazil Leila what is the correct? What is the thing that you did in the past and you still regret for the most is my question correct? No, let's fix your question I wish I could copy paste, but I cannot Uh, so what is the thing I have no choice but to what is the Hey, wait a minute. I have an idea. I have an idea of how to copy paste One moment as I I try to solve the copy paste problem Because I can enter Oh, yes, I I saw I'm very happy I solved the copy price Copy paste problem. Oh, there's a lot of comments today Oh, yeah, here we go. Oh, I'm happy. Why is this uh Double-lined we want Single all right. Okay. I'm getting I'm getting closer to Ready, what is the thing that you did in the past and you still regret regret for the most? Is my question correct? No the question uh, what is the thing The thing I I never liked the word Thing in english, you know thing is a good word. It's it works for many situations But let's try not to use thing in english. That's lazy so Similar to thing but more more appropriate. What is something? What is something? That you did in the past and you still regret For the most the most so what is something you did in the past? and You still regret the most. Okay, so we're getting closer Uh, what what is something that I regret? I have many regrets I I'll spend the next two hours talking about my regrets. I regret Uh, I have youtube regrets Let's see maybe so that's too big I regret I'm trying to think the most the biggest regret. I regret not traveling earlier in my life As you know, I like to travel so that's probably one of the biggest regret I have is I I wish I traveled more in my 20s I there's probably bigger regrets, but I can't think right now Okay, so Mariam get along. I can't get I can't get along I haven't heard that. I can't get along on those wages I can't get along. I can't we say Usually we have to say I Can't get by on those wages Uh, I don't know where you see get along mariam, but you've correct phrasal verb should be get by If you swear, did you see the get along? All right, lolly lolly. I can copy this All right, I gotta speed up because people are waiting. I'm going to be talking Just go full screen. I'm going to be talking about and I What's this? I I am What's happening here? I am going to talk about I'm going to be talking. It's the same thing. Which one is the most common in english I'm going to be talking about I'm going to talk about They're equally common both both are very common Both are very common I guess I'm so excited to see that interview with you and actually the interview is steve and another person I am not in the video. I am not in the video And neur What time is it can I am not in canada right now? I don't know the time in canada I am in south korea Yes, it's this live stream is on facebook always Anna maria. Good morning I haven't seen new video for ester in a long time. Yeah ester lives in another country. So Uh, I'm still editing some of ester's videos. So there are Some new videos coming. Uh, probably I will try to film with ester again in 2024 Eunice, hello To onlooker and observer have the same meaning I think observe. I would definitely say observer is more formal Um, I I'm going to say yes just observers more And if you're just talking casually Yeah, they're gonna have the same meaning but if you're getting into More formal english Onlooker is just going to be someone watching observer is more like a scientist Uh, examining Details, but I'm I'm going to say generally speaking the same thing I have a question. What is the difference about expectation and what you want? Uh, I'm going to the dictionary here This is actually dictionary you could solve this with the dictionary Because I just go to the dictionary And I checked expectation And an expectation a belief you have a belief that something will happen because it is likely Uh This is not talking about What you want. So I have an expectation that it will rain tomorrow Uh, I expect it because it is likely But I don't want it to rain Okay, it's not what I want. So an expectation is what you expect Doesn't have to be good or bad. It's just you expect it Now what you want is you have a desire I want it to rain So this these are two very different Uh sentences I expected to rain Uh, that's the high possibility and I want it to rain Uh, I want it. It might rain. It might not. I don't know Are you going to answer any questions from your other channel as the same I answer any question? I see It's isan I'm an english language teacher. I need some tips about the talk section How can I teach them english easily for speaking and kindly share with me some of the best sites for grammar learning? Um Welcome. Um talk Well speaking If you don't speak if you're an english teacher, but you don't speak english very well You have to focus on other materials. So if you could find dialogues you're uh, so Let's get rid of me if you find if you see dialogues, uh You know dialogues are when ace is high in b says hello and A says what's Happening So if you could if you can get dialogues with Uh Listening so recorded dialogues and your students are listening and then they can practice those Uh dialogues, that's a good way The best site for english grammar. Oh, there's so many websites, uh Isan there's no look at grammarly You know if you if you want a website google is your friend there I do not use websites For english grammar So I don't know the best one All right. I'm gonna copy And paste Oh in these sentences here, let's make this a little smaller I want I want to be on the screen Can't In these sentences one Can't get along on those wages, uh, two Can't get along without my phone Three are you getting along with the project? Okay. How did you get along on your exam? Okay So like I said, I can't get along on those wages It's possible But that would be similar to I can't get by which would mean I cannot survive It means it's not enough wages Uh, I can't get along without my phone. So I cannot Again, I cannot survive Without my phone. I need my phone. So number one number two are going to be similar Cannot survive. I need it Are you getting along with the project? So this are you doing okay? Are you doing okay? And how did you get along on your exam? Did you do okay on your exam? So I'm not okay. I'm not okay because we have the negatives can't So this situation i'm not okay and this are you getting along. Are you okay? Did you do do okay on your exam? All right, it's the best I can do right now. I'll learn spoken English LSE. Hello Let's take a look at learn spoken English. Where is your channel? Learn spoken English LSE there you are And not very big 16 subscribers. Oh, which which language is that? Well, it says learn spoken English, but I do not see very much English on this Let's check about All right, you're targeting your own country The last time you made a video was two years ago. So I guess you're not focused on the channel anymore Jeffrey hello So me let's take a look. Let's try to answer the question What is the exact meaning of? Travel down an eye In these sentences my eyes Travel down. Oh, okay My eyes travel down the long to do list My eye, okay um All right, let's let's let's this is important. So this is gonna be I'm gonna make it easier my eyes I look nice look down The long to do list uh So you you might have saw this in a book because this is kind of a Nice English better English that someone might write in a book Uh, my eyes travel down the long to do lists. So there's a list of things to do Now it is very long So when I'm looking at the list my eyes Are going down the list looking down the list But it's so long You know when we take a long trip We travel So the list is so long my eyes have to travel a long way down the list Okay, so this is this is not common English. This is probably from a book So you're just looking down the list. It's so long. It's like traveling Did you get that I I the empty box so I I as a verb You will see I as a verb I look at So that you can just go to the dictionary. I'm gonna go to oxford here. I'm gonna put I as a verb This is right from the dictionary Look at somebody something carefully, especially because you want something or you suspect that something is wrong Uh, yeah when you're eyeing something you're looking very carefully And maybe something is wrong. So you I I the empty box Why is the box empty? Maybe something's wrong there? Okay, hope that helps They were exhausted They were exhausted because they traveled all night at speed. Hmm. This one's strange I checked the dictionary about at speed, but as many meanings does this mean quickly? I haven't heard at speed I don't know where did you find this? My first question is where did you find this because It doesn't look like a native speaker wrote this. They were exhausted because they traveled at night at that At a speed maybe Are you sure you're copying it correctly? Uh, because at speed I don't really understand maybe at a speed I would understand but you have to confirm What the exact sentences Was at speed I don't know Oh, okay. We got a real problem here From uh, facebook jeffrey and carna Jeffrey how to improve my communication skills early. I didn't pass my final interview any advice A lot of I teach students. I teach interview a lot of Students and people don't realize that interview needs a lot of practice If you have an interview in English or any language you need to practice that Uh, a lot of students think I can just walk into the interview be myself and No interviews whether it's a job interview or academic interview. This needs practice a lot of practice a lot of practice Uh, so how to improve my communication skills if it's an interview you got to practice communicating during the interview I would like to hear more about that jeffrey Uh, maybe I can help you out. Uh, let me know more about what's happening All right, uh may phone chi Let's let's get this And then I'll remove this Robin you said that you didn't encourage learning is translated No, uh, no, uh My goal is to Teach English and I want everyone to learn English. Nobody Nobody is going to learn English using a translator The translator is is when you use When you don't want to do the work So if you're studying English, there is never never a reason to use a translator But she asks when having a conversation Again, I would say no If you're having a conversation with me if I meet you on the street do not use the translate a translator Does a translator help to improve things? Never Never a translator will never help you learn English never never never never 100 percent a translator will not help you learn English But there are situations we need a translation translator Emergency situations. So yes, uh if you are In an English speaking country and you need to Tell someone some information And they don't understand your English Use the translator. All right So if they do not understand your English and you you know, for example You're trying to order food at the restaurant and they do not understand you Uh Maybe use a translator. You're at the bank. They do not understand you. Okay. Use a translator. All right Uh, you're when your English is failing then use the translator So that's that's what I would say But if you're not talking to an English speaker, don't Just don't even learn about how to use a translator Oh, we got an easy question. Thank you sleepwalker robber. Do you like night walks? Yes There's no people No people also means no dogs no kids cool, uh, the the weather now is uh Hot so nighttime is cool There is One problem with night walks spiderwebs So these days, there's uh, the spiders are coming out lots of spiders. They're You know making their spider webs and at nighttime and uh very often I have to walk through spider webs where I can feel some spider webs on my Face that is The problem with night walks All right, I gotta move along here Uh, there's a lot of questions. All right, uh, okay, Covino's here Jeffrey's from Philippines. Good. Okay, I'm moving along moving along. I might skip. Oh, I'm not gonna skip Layla can could But native speakers say this kind of expression. All right, let's take a look. I am tired men How we you switch and emotional.  So I am tired mentally And emotionally that is possible Sayed Muhammad is male kuli. Hello Don't say you don't remember me You you have to come at least once a week if you don't if you don't come once a week I forget you forever. Hello, Robin. Expect and want what is difference. I think I talked about that Steve will interview another teacher Okay Eunice So Eunice the quick answer if you're using if statement you want to use were so This is the correct one if I were you So this is the correct one with this if you're using it with the if and about the future A possible future if I were you I wouldn't do that If I was you I wouldn't do that now This is the correct one. So if you're on a test This is your answer But of course, you're going to hear native speakers Say if I was you I wouldn't do that. Okay, so this is the correct one, but Native speakers will also use this one. So both are correct And but if you're on the test you want to use if I were you when And I want to ask someone about his view about my progressing at work. Could I say, okay How good do you think my work? Oh, how you're missing your b-verb? Oh good, how how Or do you have another one? Okay, let's let's figure this out lately I think I would start this. What do you think of my work? Which would be a more common question What do you think of my work now, but if you're asking about progress Uh, maybe do you think I'm Progress I think I'm progressing well How good do you think I'm all right? How good do you think? I'm pressing I'm gonna take out Progressing native speakers are not gonna say progressing that that's grammatically correct But we're gonna say do you think I'm getting better? All right these I'm gonna focus just on these two questions So what do you think of my work? Getting their your their opinion about your work And do you think I'm getting better? This is the question. Do you think I'm getting better? And then they would say yes or no Well, people are nice. They're always going to say yes, right? Is this a recorded video? This is live Anna Maria. I talked about expected want expect is something That You think will happen and want is you want it to happen.   I will brain you I have never heard that Yeah, I guess it it exists slang Where did you hear that it's okay? Well So the sleepwalker there's a pro why I didn't hear this. I just looked at the dictionary And it's not copying not copying That was it.  I'll brain you if you don't get to those dishes. I'll hit you if you don't Okay, but the most important thing Is down here. You can't see yet boom slang 1930s Nobody says this anymore. Where did you find that sleepwalker? Slang is always changing right Every generation has new slang. This is from 1930s. So I never heard it in my Sweeney. Hello. Welcome back Okay I got it. Okay. Thanks for the want and expect to leave her brought. Okay. You can have both I want and I expect it's likely I sip the tea because it's too it is so hot I would say Too hot. Yeah, so hot is okay, but let's put a two Two is more of a negative hiring collective noun that's the team all right So collective nouns might be I think if we're talking about this All right, so we have team class And family there's others. There's others. I didn't these are just three. I quickly thought of It's a bit confusing so You have to think this is many people Acting as one group That's why we use ah Is used for singular Nouns But team means a group of people but don't think of a team is like 10 people or 20 people think is one team a single group of people I have a class You know a class This is not a Let's see he's in a class of 20 students well class can be also a group of students And quickly family can also be a group whenever you have a group you can Think of that as one group One group so we can put a team A class and a family As a group collective nouns Okay. Oh, what's happening here? With Harry 300 that's a big one Hey, Robin. I want to ask you about reading the time at okay reading the time Okay, so this is the question How do we read this time? And actually that's a period you should have a Olin that's the colon. So what's this time at 405 or at 45? Now for me, this is correct Ding ding ding ding We when you see this Zero we should say oh, okay So 405 that's the time So this is correct. We use the preposition at 405 At 45 now Korean students do this. I think this is wrong Uh, I cannot be sure because I you know I don't know about British English, but I'm gonna You know, I'm gonna say this is wrong From my knowledge, this is wrong, but there is a possibility. I don't know British English It's a hard thing Yeah, I don't know to me We must use oh 405 Heba English Hello Heba English. Let's take a look at Heba English And we're in YouTube Heba English there's lots of channels All the Heba English. I don't know which one it is Jane welcome Heba Hey sleepwalker. Okay, you guys are talking I lean on the pillows to read a book about Peter Pan. I lean on the pillows I lean on the pillows to read a book on Peter Pan. Both are okay Both are okay If if I if I say how are you getting along in your job? Are you doing okay? Yes? Yes, do you like it? Yes, that's correct Deek hello If you don't mind, please tell does ester ma'am know about my channel? No ester will not know about your channel covenu Esther does not do youtube What is the reason I made you love to travel after 20 also? Well, yeah, because it's easier to travel when you're younger When you're old your muscles hurt All right Trying to speak up I snuggle up with my stuff animals. That is correct. That is correct All right, thank you Uh, which one is correct? I am thinking to meet you or I'm thinking to I'm thinking I'm thinking about oh here, okay, that's Let's let's take a look at this one in detail more detail a lot of questions. All right Put it's correct. I am I am thinking to meet you I am thinking to meeting you now. You see right away google is telling us something's wrong here and yeah This one's wrong because we want to use the preposition of I'm thinking of is the expression I'm thinking of going home. I'm thinking of studying english. I'm thinking of So both of them are wrong. You got to use of I am thinking of meeting you I found that speed while reading. Yeah, again, what's story? Where you got to give me exactly where because I got to check it exactly You tell me exactly the story or the link and I will check it Hey fong chi I used to have difficulty when speaking or writing english as I off I had often forgotten most of the language skills like grammar and sentence structure Should I use have to or had to in the sentence? Oh, you're you're gonna come in with a difficult grammar question All right, let's put it on the board I used to have difficulty when speaking or writing in english So you're right away. You're gonna have troubles because your sentence is too long right away, you're gonna have problems and The longer the sentence The more likely the grammar is going to be confusing Well, let's try to fix it. Anyways, uh, if you wrote this sentence for me I would say break it up at the two sentences immediately break it up at the two sentences because you're gonna have trouble with confusion Okay, let's go back. I used to have difficulty when speaking or writing english as I had Forgot most of the language skills like grammar and sentence structure. All right, should I use have to or had to in the sentence? Uh, where I used to have where do you want to put it? I used to have difficulty when speaking or anything as I Had forgotten most of the language skills like grammar. Uh, should I use have to or had to in Where is have to had to the scent? Well, uh, you're Help me out here. I used to have difficulties. The sentence is fine Uh, I don't know where you want to put I used to this is correct. I used to have difficulty with speaking or writing English as I had forgotten. This is correct The sentence is correct. You don't need to add have to or had to Uh, I don't know where you want to put those. So I tried to help you But your question is confusing So I got to move on I like the new videos 100 commentings questions. I'm showing this online Some people like them some don't If if if you have any suggestions to make them better, let me know While reading the old curious Shop of charm chickens. Okay. Okay. Okay. That's what I like. That's what I like Let's solve the mystery. I have the answer for you Let's put it on the board here the old curiosity shop By charles dickens The key point is When did he write this and it's right here boom 1840 1841 so leila the problem is The book is old and I do not recommend reading older books that old Even from charles dickens. I don't recommend unless you really want to Because there is a lot of outdated english english that we do not use anymore So uh earlier sleepwalker brought in that slang from the 1930s nobody uses that anymore You're bringing in some expression from 1840 probably nobody uses that anymore So you should not learn it and you should not use it What we can do and we need to say a word we don't know instead of using translator Maybe trying to describe what we mean Well, there's a difference between Checking the dictionary Use dictionary if you don't know the word that's okay But if it's Many words is usually what the translator is used for many words. So if you just don't know a word Check the dictionary great student Uh, but the problem is when you're changing two three four a sentence a paragraph when you're changing all of that That's a problem.  Not at all Very uproar and we need a longer live stream I struggle to like spider spiders. I'm okay with I'm not scared of anything.  I'm mariam. I'm Because I'm a little delayed. I'm just gonna answer quickly. What's the difference between should versus had you Should versus had better? That's pretty much the same May might that's the same. So those expressions are the same I would say 99 of the times. They're the same Don't attach to your parents. Uh, I think the expression is get attached Uh, we don't say don't attach to your parents. The expressions don't get attached That's from the 1930s When you was here when you were here With whom were you being here? I don't understand. You should be using were not was And I don't understand the question. Sorry, cabino. Can you rewrite that question? Do you date her currently you're putting me on the spot here? I don't know how to use the last. So what do you think these sentences are fine Do you date her currently or do you currently date here her? You're putting me on the spot here. That's fine That's fine. Layla Yeah, good question Anna maria a good question for sleepwalker where Uh Not just today every day. Where do you find these unusual questions? Okay, so Good for sleepwalker taking notes and then asking me I don't like to meet sarah because she always puts me on the spot with her questions Good looks good. That's correct All right dmz, okay Oh, I'm moving along here and getting closer. I'm disgusted at cockroaches Uh, you're gonna say I'm disgusted by The preposition here is going to be by I'm disgusted by cockroaches. And yeah, you could say that I'm disgusted by spiders. I'm disgusted by Robin, I feel you are confused by many. Oh, this live stream is better than the usual live stream Eunice All right, let's put Eunice On the board here robin. Could you please tell me what is the difference in the meaning between number one? She's having a baby. We're right there. We have the ing that's going to mean continuous Present continuous that is happening right now. She is having a baby. So Whenever we have that ing time is stretching Having a baby over minutes or hours. It's having She has a baby is more sudden. She has a baby So this the time is not stretching. It's just baby is not the best example She is uh, I'm not gonna baby is not exact. Let's say eating food She she has food Well, that's could be possessive Uh This one is awkward. Do you want to use the the present continuous? She Okay, this this can now have two meanings. She has food just she eats food Or she possesses she has food in her in her in her bag or something Uh, but it's time. Just think of eating as a longer process happening and has this kind of quickly happened There's other differences, but can I go into them? Our coaches are inch the insects. Yes Robin people who being into they see the questions of answer seems to me that yes Uh Good question. Uh, yes and no Uh I do check some questions for example Sometimes I ask the girls You love me So before the interview, I will check Can I ask you this question and they'll say yeah, some of them say yeah, it's fine And some of some of them say no and then I take out the question So kind of the we're we're going to describe that as edgy questions Here's edgy means kind of Shocking questions or questions that cross a line Uh edgy, you know, we have an edge and you go over the edge you go too far. So kind of edgy around the edge questions Uh, I will check I will check with with uh, especially the girls. I will check You know, are you not every question? They don't see every question but some of those questions I have to check before I ask Another question I might check is Um Do you wear makeup? So during the interview Oh, you know, can I ask you that question? They say okay, okay I think it must be I used to have difficulty when right speaking as I would oh, this is your sentence again I think it must be I used to have difficulty when speaking or writing English as I would Forget I would forgot. No. No, this is wrong. This is not a this is not an upgrade And the spelling of grammar is wrong. So mariam. No, this is not better Question three you are not teaching english. Sometimes it is confusing. Oh, Harry. Everyone's confused by this I'm confused So you are not teaching english kind of a tag question, are you? It's a yes. I mean, no, I'm not teaching. Okay, so We're not teaching english. Are you? We don't need that So your answer would be yes I'm not teaching english As you said, some people might just put the question mark there. You're not teaching english. Yes I am Which would be no or no. I'm scared to even teach this because I'm going to confuse everyone Yeah, I'm not I'm not going to go into this. So quick answer harry It is confusing It is confusing in english It is confusing in your language learning english. It is confusing here in pariah. It's always confusing and uh it the best the best way is to Answer with full sentences So If someone asks you are not teaching english, you should say yes I'm teaching english All right, this is the solution to this problem Answer full sentences Now if you're talking to someone you ask them the question they don't answer in a full sentence. Yeah, you have to check Yeah, I wouldn't go with the older stuff leila Unless you enjoy You need if I was you if I were you I mentioned this earlier in the live stream You need maybe you were not here if you're using the if you should say if I were here I was okay. So The difference is the if if you have an if statement you're going into different grammar if I were So the the thing is if I was waiting for the bus There is no if that is fine When I go to youtube to find a great stuff to read I don't check the dates So I want to read something as modern, but I know how I can Go to wikipedia. That's all I did with The old curiosity shop I went to wikipedia. I typed it in there's the year So check it on wikipedia I am having a car. No, I have a car Have is just possession. You have that now. I have a car I have a car. Yes I am having a car. No, I have a car I think the uses of present continuous tense means you are doing it right now. You're doing still doing yes 1129 I'm both five minutes behind. I spoke sorry. I'm supposed to type Have or have forgotten. I used to have to mayfong Please everyone It is critical. You do not send the wrong question because If you send a mistake in your question, I might spend two three minutes looking at your question trying to solve it That's wasted time. So mayfong chi You got to ask Everyone here you got to be very careful with your questions because Your mistake causes me confusion That causes delay in time Be careful If they don't see the questions beforehand their reactions might be brighter, but they take long and answer most of the questions they don't see So they're naturally they can answer quickly They're they're supposed to answer quickly, but you know You know when I say I'm gonna the thing is when I say I'm gonna do a hundred questions with you They're gonna watch previous videos So I cannot control that. So if I meet a new teacher, I'm saying, okay next week I'm gonna do 100 questions with you That teacher might do some homework, right? They might go watch the previous 100 questions videos and kind of be prepared Present continuous for temporary actions and present simple for the permanent. Yeah, that sounds right Are most of the answers honest or maybe they lie most of I think all of them are honest The point of 100 questions is to answer naturally So if they don't want to answer the question, you know, sometimes I ask them, you know And they don't answer the question So yes, they're honest Okay, Eunice Whoo, I think we're caught up Robin is a possible more live stream during the week that is Possible I am starting Soon I'm trying I'm starting my IELTS channel soon So I will probably do a live stream every day on the IELTS channel Sometimes this month I'll be starting my uh IELTS channel. I the IELTS channel is already made. That's insider here Let me put the link. So that puts. Well, that puts it on everywhere I will probably doing a live stream there every day or almost every day starting soon Okay, see you Layla Nice people. How much do you suggest us to study daily to get c1 every day? If you're cool with c1, come on, you don't need c1 But that that requires Significant amount of study. You never stop Anna Maria. You never stop I'll I'll I sincerely love you. Yeah Get in line Get in line Harry 300 is what did happen the same as what happened? What did happen? Yeah, uh, I thought what the what did is more of a spoken Spoken expression What did happen exactly? Writing what happened? I I I don't I don't want to say it's a grammar problem. It's a spoken Spoken issue. The first one is definitely spoken. What did happen? but What happens more of a the Correct if we had to choose grammatically correct, correct I would I would get my students to write what happened. But of course what did happen is very common Okay, good night. Good night. Good night. I'm going to end the live stream now How long was this live stream? Oh an hour and 10 minutes This is usually my live streams are an hour 15 minutes so You're the best english teacher ever robin, please keep going. Well, that's interesting Eunice I am not the best teacher. I'm not the best english teacher in the world not at all I'm not the best english teacher in the world at all But I am the english teacher Live right now So that makes me better than lucy because lucy is not live right now Get in line. I said get in line. All right. Go ahead. I'm gonna end. Sorry. Layla the mystery of what that means Bye everyone. See you


For more than 60 years, the B-52 Stratofortress has been the backbone of the strategic bomber force for the United States. In a conventional conflict, the B-52 can perform strategic attack, close air support, air interdiction, offensive counter-air and maritime operations. Capable of flying at subsonic speeds at altitudes of 50,000 feet, the B-52's mission is delivering the widest array of weapons in the U.S. inventory with worldwide precision.


What is going on guys welcome back to the channel critical overlord here So we're gonna be talking about why the creeper might have scars on him in this film Since a lot of you guys left similar comments on my last video And I got a lot of messages from you guys on my social media of Instagram Twitter and Facebook Talking about why he might have these cars. Not sure if this is the same person Maybe some of you talked to each other and you just reached out to me but basically You guys have theorized that what if the creeper can be harmed by his own weapons So that's what I'll talk about in this video And then as you see in the thumbnail, the other thing I want to propose is Something that someone else brought up to me Which is the creeper being played by multiple people throughout the film since a lot of us are still concerned about whether or not Jonathan Brecker will be the creeper Me myself personally I've gotten to the point where I just will now want to see what this thing is gonna look like now since it's 23 years later Which is what we're assuming it's going to be. What is it gonna look like now? who is playing it if it's a new actor and How how much how similar will it look to the other? Incarnations that we've seen throughout the last three films that were played by Jonathan Brecker, which we know so the theory that has been proposed to me regarding this is that Since we're going to be Presumably picking up 23 years later The creeper as we saw at the end the Jeepers Creepers 2 was relatively smaller reduced to nothing simply but skin and bones by that point so When he wakes up or when it wakes up who's to say that The creeper because you have it takes time to lose all that it takes time to lose all that muscle mass all that weight Like that and just decay and rot away and be left to nothing But that takes time to do all that so it of course should take time for you to get all that back that would then leave the door open to explore his origins a bit more and That would tie into why we might see Multiple actors playing the creeper such as a Richard break who I've talked about in the past has been Speculated to be portraying the creeper in this film because of the fact that the face prosthetics that have been seen Behind the scenes people think that looks like Richard break Richard break as I pointed out is a lot thinner than Jonathan Breck So maybe they're gonna use a thinner actor to portray the creeper His the first time he wakes up to go along with how thin he looks at the end of the second film And then as he's going through the movie as the film progresses and he's killing people That's when he'll that's when he'll start Gaining his muscle mass start gaining some of the features that we know He has some of the features that he probably won't have all the way since he's so much smaller He'll just look different in a way since he's smaller now And he's he's gonna have to eat and eat and eat to get back to that strength that he was at that We saw in the first three films so Then that would leave the door open for Richard break someone who's thinner than Jonathan Breck to play the creeper But again, they could also just Not do this and they could have someone else entirely play the creeper and not do this idea That would leave the door open for someone like a thinner person like Richard break to play the creeper And then down the road in the film We end up seeing the creeper fill out more he gains some of that More definition and tone to his body And then that's when you're introduced to a character or an actor like a Jonathan Breck back in the makeup Once again, that doesn't mean this will be Jonathan Breck, but that's just again something that could be explored We might see the creeper start off relatively smaller than what we're used to and he'll start to basically Flesh himself out as he's eating these parts and this will be part of building up his origins It could be as we haven't seen what this thing looks like actually in a 23 year later Sequence when he first gets up or when it first gets up He very well could go through a process like this where he has to or where it has to Basically regain that stature that it was at previously by eating its way Through the things that it wants to eat from and that's how it'll get back to looking like a Jonathan Breck Not to say that Jonathan Breck will be the one in the costume again But I think that's a very interesting theory and that would explain why we might have multiple actors if that's throughout They're going because the other thing that it could be is you have you don't just have multiple actors that could play the creeper You multiple people are in the creeper makeup in many parts of the films over the over the course of this franchise because you have The mini stunt doubles that would do the stunt work. You have Jonathan Breck himself So keep that in mind. We're guaranteed to see many people in this in this makeup anyway, but maybe there's two different actors portraying it because of The theory that we might see him start off or see it start out Relatively small and then flesh its way out and bulk up as it's eating its victims Along the way getting to the horror Hound Festival and then maybe Jonathan Breck will be the final form that we see So I like that theory that was proposed to me and then again getting back to the whole weapons thing People are stating to me that perhaps the creeper will have scars on his chest from his encounter with the Taggart boys Particularly Taggart senior played by Ray wise is because of the fact that the harpoon or the post-puncher Was in fact led by the creepers weapon that Taggart found in his in his corn or in his crops So maybe the fact that his own weapon was used against him and there's some type of Witchcraft or something involved with that some type of powers clearly because we see it It literally darts out of Taggart's hand in his living room Maybe there's something going on with his weapons that would tie into him getting hurt Maybe his own weapons are the only thing That would leave such a scar like that because like I've already stated if he has the or if it has the ability to regenerate parts There is no real reason This thing should have scars But maybe when it's damaged by its own weapons that it created and it's used against it That leaves damage or that'll leave noticeable scars because it's being injured by something it created Why that is that would have to be explored in the film and then of course that would lead into more of It going into the supernatural routes of the of the franchise since there's clearly supernatural Supernatural stuff going on anyway when something such as this is walking around town Something like this is walking around town So it's not not not a far-fetched scenario that that they could explore going into the weapons a bit more We know the weapons are going to be featured So maybe we'll find out that if you if its weapons are used against it that some of the ways it can be damaged For a long period of time and it'll leave visible scars as we'll see in the film So I like that idea and I like that rationale as to why he might have scars on him because again I did not really get why he would have scars But a lot of you proposed that to me and I like that idea a lot that maybe his weapons will leave noticeable damage on him But let me know what you guys think about us down in the comment section below if had or make sure you subscribe Turn on post notification in this video in the description. I have links on my social media accounts I'm on facebook twitter and instagram You can message me there of course let me know if there's any movies news or reviews You're having to cover in the future down in the comment section I'll have a link to the facebook group Please join this group if you want to stay up to date on anything regarding Jeepers creepers or just talk horror in General with all that in mind guys. I will see you in the next video


Everybody forced here Riffin 2022 I'm sitting in prison football hobby six box mixer number 23 You find the results any time late sports cards comm there's a Lincoln chat as well. We'll go ahead and get started now I'll drop the Lincoln in YouTube here Your stream disconnected YouTube chat as always it just does that now It's like it's me. It's like it's main feature Now you drop a link Jacob to drop it twice. It's not fun. Oh Don't like it. Oh, it's fun Again, we're just out in the 14 on the mixer everybody breaking soon. We'll start with two prism boxes to prism in Forbes City and Jmo you got blue wave the 199 Rahim Moster For the Dolphins there. You know breaking cars. You be so comical. What's comical Shane? That's what I want to know. I demand answers lock down Miles Garrett with a red wave rookie Alante Taylor to 149 Saints Doesn't ridder. We're always the subscribers. The only mode Ricky Silver stoop Connor Jaguars Hyper and Juan Bolden Cardinals out of 175 George Pickens boy. I'm off a Ruby wave Shaq Barrett to 149 bucks legend On the old Robinson Trent McDuffie. Oh, yeah, dude. Jake was I forgot what he Jake said now, but it was funny Oh, I do know I was figuring out how to do like two different chats And I was like call himself a genius when he did like the simplest things you could do Yeah, new recruits Ricky Silver Drake London Falcons purple eyes Jimmy G 225 for the Niners. That's a that's a Raiders legend Jimmy G Christian Watson Silver Joe Burrow bangles with a red wave rookie auto Niners Tyrion Davis price to 149 Sauce Garner Nick Bonito blue ice to 99 Emmett Smith for Dallas cross Silver DeMario Davis for the Saints with a points card here 600 points Navy Camel behind it or sorry for a scam behind it. It's Tyler Boyd Tyler Boyd out of 15 for since he five out of 15. Got Kenny Pickett base rookie Chris Olava Points random to everybody at the end Silver Lydani and Tomlinson chargers orange to 249 Fletcher Cox Eagles Or we're looking for Haley. You may they didn't have any Matt Ryan's purple Jalen Tolberg rookie that's out of 125 for Dallas Davis and Thornton Easy Shane take it easy man. Take it easy. All right Silver fireworks Josh Allen bills hyper to 175 Vikings Harrison Smith. I'm gonna get a For Shane, I'm gonna get a boo a boo sound effect every time Shane is a boo Hyper Brock party Niners to 175 Petrie and Hutchinson Houston Victor loves painting points.  You do you want to know Top dollar Jake I'll say one $150 real cheap Silver John Alway Broncos anything points gonna do was gonna be a lot of points. So sauce gardener Purple eyes Steve Young to 225 at the 49ers George Carl Aftis the 149 red wave rookie auto chiefs I'm a furious George Desmond Ritter. Yeah, I'll draft 250 points first in my my fantasy draft this year It's true Every position flashback for key prism Kenneth Walker the third for the Seahawks the blue wave Kettle for the Niners to 140 to 199 a lot of Niners going on right now It's like tasting help So for key Kway Walker Packers hyper to 175 the ante Johnson Steelers not as versatile as cash considerations though Like it's like the it's like the best baseball player ever Dude, I love whenever people put that picture on Twitter It's like they do it in the Orioles jersey and it's like cash considerations chain Orange or key Ike McClew new to 250 for the Panthers Kyle Phillips one Dale Robinson That's true. Any attention is good attention. I guess I guess that's true Now that I say it out loud, maybe and I might not be silver height pits Falcons red wave Higbee Rams to 149 green scope Jack Campbell Steelers is 75 Ruckert and cook Orange the 249 Dalton Schultz Cowboys Snoop Malik Willis Silver Shaquille Barrett Buccaneers followed by a Pat Friar Muth rookie or not rookie by Silverado for the Steelers Pierce and Booth Silver Alex Smith for the Chiefs followed by Purple Ice Cooper Cup Rams at 225 Michi Wonder how I met you will do this year in Michi. Hopefully good Pickens their purple ice Coke rookie to 225 bills Bad, please not play off Silver emergent zappy rookie for the Pats the blue wave Alex Smith the Chiefs Number to 199 Price in the Vante White City in time what up smack? How's it going? Green for the Jets Elijah Moore to 50 and a purple Saint Brown to 100 for the Lions Base Kenneth Walker the third rookie Seattle to 50 Raiders and mere whites rookie eruption patch card Tyree kill Jersey card dolphins to 125 atomic material 2199 Eagles rookie Otto Carson Strong and Malik Willis dual Jersey rookie Otto Titans We're doing all right smack. We're doing all right trying to fill up football football mixer It's got 14 to go to 2018 NT first off the line 2021 flawless 2019 NT 2022 flawless collegiate 2021 NT collegiate a lot more stuff to mosaic Chronicles gold floods coming up here. There's a Kohler rookie for the Ravens followed by Deandre Swift Lions patch card to 50 rookie eruption at 25 jumbo patch Wanda Robinson Giants, that's a Drake woolen Seahawks Another pen Rookie Otto electric at she yellow. I think yellow is a 75 solid hit for the Seahawks John Metzsche nice to 10 red rookie dual patch Otto Texans Five of 10 Texans Next up is the gold flood Jonathan Taylor Low numbers here Jonathan Taylor eight of 10 gold flood So nice looking and a Kyle Hamilton Ravens rookie to 75 Another gold flood rookie bangles this time Cam Taylor Britt 6 to 10 Cam Taylor Britt got a green to 50 rookie Alec Pierce Colts and a base of Josh Pascal Lions rookie 450 Jaguars patch card Trevor Lawrence George Kittle the 75 Jersey card for the Niners Antonio Gates nice vet hit it here Chargers galaxy Otto to 75 Galaxy ink Legend right there and another redemption this time Damien Pierce Texans rookie Jersey ink electric edge orange Rookie spiller Chargers sister 100 Within orbital Eagles Jalen Hurts to 99 Pits based Falcons followed by rookie eruption to 50 Packers Romeo Dobbs patch Another rookie eruption patch card Kenneth Walker the third Seahawks this one's out of 25. I think Yeah, 11 and 25 and the K9 Texans again a stingly rookie Otto this time to 50 and To 99 rookie Jersey Otto Panthers Matt Corral Okay, let's do a ran over points and then we'll do a quick recap 600 to everybody here or between everybody three and two Rivers up top gets the points five times one two three four and five Steelers get the point Steelers All right y'all 14 to go 14 to go So a couple of golds in obsidian we had a Jonathan Taylor and a cam Taylor Britt two gold tailors relics Tyree kill George Kittle will Trevor Lawrence Deandre Swift is a mere white Romeo Dobbs Kenneth Walker the third Wanda Robinson autos now at Fry Muth in prism Red waves the 149 Carl Loftus chiefs and Davis price Niners and a redemption From obsidian was Damian Pierce Texans and Seahawks Tariq woollen We had cars and strong Malik Willis Matt Corral Antonio Gates Derek Stingley Jr. Matchy to 10 We also had a hyper rookie Brock party Niners. That's out of 175 great card for the Niners. Thanks again, everybody I want to some more football