And today, I'm going to do my first cook in the Gourmia GMC680. I got this the other day and I did an unboxing. Check out that video in the list below. But this is an all-encompassing multi-cooker, 11 modes. And one of them is a sous vide bath. So, what I'm going to do is do my first cook in it. And if you guys are interested, check out the video on the unboxing of this unit. I'm going to do a complete review. Once I do some more cooks in this thing, I'm going to try out, first of all, the sous vide course to see how this works. I've never used a dedicated bath. I've always used the immersion circulator, so it'll be interesting to see how this works. One of the things I can tell you is that you are going to have a disparage problem because of the size. I mean, you don't need to have the water circulating in this unit because it's like a crock pot. It's heating from all sides, so it doesn't need to spin the water around through the heating element to keep the water hot. So, it doesn't need a circulation. So, there's other units that are dedicated to sous vide, like the sous vide supreme you can see on Amazon and stuff that are similar. Where it just heats the water from all sides, so it doesn't need a circulator. So, that's one of the things, but it is limited in the size. So, you can't put a big brisket or racks of ribs in here unless you cut them up. And like I said, you know, you're just going to be dealing with this limited size of what you can actually put in here. But the cook I'm going to do today is something I've cooked before on video. But this one I'm actually going to do a little longer. This is top round steaks, also known as London broil, which are usually very tough. They're very lean and very tough. So, usually you have to cook them for a long time or you have to slice them a certain way and cut them up. Slice them very thin when they're done so that you can actually chew them up. But I'm going to do 48 hours on these in the sous vide bath at 135. I did 26 hours on these before, 24, 26 hours before. And they came out kind of like a sirloin as far as tenderness goes. But these at 48 should come out like a flay. They should be very tender. They should be, you can put a fork through it. I've cooked them at that length before and that's how they come out. And at 135, they're still going to be nice and, you know, medium to medium rare-ish and pretty juicy. So I've got this set up already at 135 for 48 and all I have to do is hit start and it'll go. I already got the water set in here and I'm going to go ahead and put these in.  So, and it comes with these racks and this particular rack. It's a roast rack and you can flip it over and it's a steaming rack where you can set something up and it keeps it way off the bottom where it can get steamed. But I can also use it, turn it upside down like this and put it on top of this meat and make sure that it keeps it under the water. Because when I put the lid on it will make sure that that meat stays. It doesn't rise up because the rack will keep it down. It'll hit the lid and it'll keep it under the water. So I'm going to go ahead and get these started and I will see you guys. I'm just going to let it sit there for 48 hours. I may come back and check on it just to see how the evaporation of the water is doing, which I don't see much of an issue. There is this little hole here that lets out some steam. So we might have a little bit of evaporation. But I'll check on it every 12 hours or so. I just want to walk by just to make sure we should be fine. I'm going to get this thing started and we'll see you guys back in 48 hours. I just wanted to show you this panel here. I'll show you how it's got the different modes. Bakes, sauté roast, sous vide. See how that little arrow is on the sous vide function? You have to make sure that this thing will flash after you set your time and temp. It will be flashing until you hit that start stop button again and make it to where that little arrow is not flashing or it won't start. So that little arrow is flashing. It won't go at the time and temp. I'll just sit there for like 4 minutes before I realize that. So just make sure that the little arrow there on the sous vide or whatever function that you're on, you hit that start stop button until it stops flashing and then the timer will start counting down. So we will see you guys in about 47 hours and 56 minutes. Hey all, back. It's been about 48 hours since I put this top round steaks in here. And one of the things my wife said she likes the best about this thing is it makes no noise at all. It's just sat here for 48 hours and kept the steaks at 135 degrees. That is one thing I wanted to let you know. You do have to put your meat on the rack that comes with this to keep it off of the bottom of the pan because since it heats from the bottom you don't want the meat taking all the heat instead of the water. So you put it on that rack so it keeps it off the bottom of the pan a little bit. But also I did notice that this does not keep it right at the 135. It's probably about a one and a half degrees to two degrees off. The water is to this temperature, which is not a big deal to me. If you want to adjust it, one of the things you need to do just to make sure if you buy one of these, just get a little instant read thermometer so you can test the water when it comes up the temp. Just make sure you test the water. So right now it's right at 135. I noticed that it did fluctuate between one and a half to two degrees. If that's the case, if you're looking for 135, just bump it up to 136 or 137 and then test it with your instant read if you're going to be that picky about it. But sometimes I'm not, sometimes I am. That's all. Alright, since this is all done, it's just been sitting here. Like I said, it doesn't make any noise so it's worked fine so far. I'm going to go ahead and get the charcoal getting going and then we're going to fire it up. I forgot guys, I'm pressed for time today so I'm not going to fire up my charcoal grill. I'm going to actually sear it in the bottom of this pan. We're going to check that out, see how that works. So this will give me the opportunity to do this. My daughter has to go to a play practice tonight so I don't have time to wait 15 or 20 minutes for the grill to heat up. So we're just going to take the steaks out of here and then we're going to go ahead and sear them in this pan. Alright, this has heated up pretty good. I've put some little bit of oil in the bottom. Smoking up pretty good. I've got the top rounds out of the sous vide bag, pat them dry. Put a little bit more of our beef rub on there. Salt, pepper, garlic. I'm going to put them in there. Sear them up. Got a little sizzle there. Not quite as hot as if we're doing six or seven hundred. It seems to be sizzling quite enough. Maybe get a little bit more oil. Yeah, it's not quite as hot as if it was out on the charcoal grill. But it's sitting right at 425. Got a little bit of smoke. So these are thickening off there. We should be able to get a nice good sear on them without them affecting the doneness too much. That's pretty convenient. So you just dump your water out. Dry it out. Put the pan back in and heat it up as hot as it will go. Which is 425. Use a flip. Got a nice little crust on there. There we go. That's not bad for all in one pan. It's a pretty good crust. So far I can't complain about it. For what it is, it's a multi cooker. So it doesn't do one thing well. It does everything okay. So let's finish these up searing. And then we'll cut into one and see how it turned out. Alright guys. It's all seared up. That actually worked pretty good. Seared it in that pan. It wasn't as bad as I thought it would be. We're going to go ahead and cut into one of these. Remember these have been cooking for 48 hours. I just barely have to bring my knife into that. Pretty red from top to bottom. It cooked for 135 for 48 hours. It's got plenty of redness into it. Plenty tender. Take a look. Still kind of juicy. Nice and flavorful. Still got a little bit of that fat in there. I'm going to go ahead and take a bite here. Just so you can see. Cutting it doesn't really tell. You can just pull this apart. This is top round. This is normally very tough. But I can just pull it apart with my fingers. Super juicy. Super tender. And it was pretty good stuff. We're going to go ahead and eat this stuff up. Thanks for joining me. You can follow me on Facebook. And follow us on Instagram. And subscribe to the channel. Go ahead and like it. Leave some comments below. And I will see you guys in the next video.


So, I'm a mouthpiece for a large number of people who are interested in the question of applying genome sequencing to clinical care, and so everything that I say that you agree with is mine. Everything that I say that you disagree with belongs to somebody else who helped create this talk. I don't need to tell anybody in this room what this was all about. My perception is that engaging the electronic medical record falls somewhere in here and understanding genomic predictors of disease somewhere in here, and then implementing genomic medicine we've already said belongs in this space here. And so I'm going to outline a number of efforts in NHGRI that are going on to actually move those two little squares into the forefront of what we do. So most of what I'm going to talk about has to do with CSER, which you've already heard about, but I wanted to mention other networks that are working on this within the genomic medicine section of NHGRI. So the two that I'm not going to say anything more about are the Undiagnosed Disease Network, which has just been created and follows really the Mendelian disease discussion that you've just heard, and Insight, which is around the use of genome sequencing in the neonatal setting, and raises a lot of interesting ethical and operational issues that are just now being addressed. So the other doodads on this slide I'll say something about individually. Ignite is a series of demonstration projects looking to incorporate genomic information into EMRs with decision support. The particular projects are focused on family history, on hypertension, on pharmacogenetic variant implementation. There is one project from the University of Maryland that is sequencing around 40 diabetes and related genes in specific patients to ask the question whether targeting patients, for example, with extreme obesity or with lipodystrophy, using sequencing can help in their care. The Clinical Center at NIH has launched an exome project that basically will provide exome sequencing for clinical center patients, and they prefer to look at germline rather than somatic sequencing. It gives me the opportunity to say that most of, almost all of, what I'm going to talk about is in the germline space, except for some of the CSER projects, which I'll mention a little bit later, and obviously somatic sequencing is a whole different topic, as Eric already pointed out. And then there's a mechanism in place to support the parts of implementation in sequence data that are going to be important, as I'll outline for you, in terms of consent, in terms of how to implement, and what to do with incidental findings. The Emerge Network, which is something that I have been a part of since its inception in 2007, currently has around 350,000 subjects with DNA samples and electronic medical records across around 10 sites. I know how many sites there are, but for bureaucratic purposes it's hard to count them. Electronic phenotyping is what we do. So just because we have an electronic medical record doesn't mean we can extract any useful information out of it. We spent the last seven or eight years showing that we can find, with pretty high accuracy, people with common diseases, there are some phenotypes that are easy to do, there are some phenotypes that are much harder to do. The hope is that we'll be able to generate data on, for example, the tempo of disease progression, subsets of disease that are particularly interesting in terms of drug response or in terms of developing complications, or in terms of not developing complications, which diabetics never get retinopathy, for example. Those are interesting questions, and we think the electronic record should be suitable to that, and that's an ongoing process. We've also pioneered the use of this idea of going from genetic variant to asking with what human phenotype is that particular genetic variant associated. This idea of pleotropy or phenotropy, I couldn't find phenotropy on Google either, but the idea of phenome-wise scanning to understand pleotropic genetic effects is something we've spent a lot of time on, and then most recently we've started to use targeted sequencing across a set of 84 genes that the Pharmacogenetics Research Network has identified as important in drug action. Those are metabolism genes, drug transport genes, and drug target genes. So the idea, I'm not going to dwell on this, the idea is to find patients within the electronic medical record system that would be suitable for this kind of analysis, identify the set of actionable variants within that set of 84 genes. I could say the set of actionable variants right now is about 10, but then sequence all 84 genes, create a repository of all the variants that we find that are not actionable, and for the small number of actionable genes, implement implementation within the electronic medical record system with clinical decision support and looking at outcomes. One of the things that we have found is a variant of uncertain significance problem that will come up over and over again as we start to sequence individuals either chosen because they have an electronic record or chosen because they have a particular disease, but we're looking at their whole genome. So two of the genes that are on this 84 gene platform are ion channel genes where rare variants can cause something called the congenital lung QT syndrome and arrhythmia susceptibility. So the first 2,000 subjects that we analyzed there are variants in 128 and most of those are, as you might expect, rare. So we asked two companies that make a living doing this and a research lab that makes a living doing this to look at that list and say which ones would you tell the physician and the patient are likely pathogenic? The English literature around this is interesting because they don't say pathogenic. They say likely pathogenic, possibly pathogenic, maybe pathogenic. A lot of sort of qualifiers. So one lab called 16 pathogenics, another 17, another 24. The overlap among the 3 was 4. So there's a problem in terms of understanding the relationship between rare variants and disease at that level. The electronic medical record allows us to look back and actually ask the question whether any of these people, any of the 48 people who had one, at least one of those variants called by one of those 3 sites, had a variant, had anything in their electronic record that might indicate a variant phenotype and there was one patient with atrial fibrillation, a very common arrhythmia. There were 31 who had ECGs and one with a lung QT interval in that ECG. So the questions are, you know, which results do you return? What do you do with patients who don't have ECGs, should you tell them to get ECGs? How extensively do you screen the families? And what happens when the interpretation of these data changes next year or the year after? How do you recontact the patients and their families to deal with that? So NHGRI has funded ClinGen, which is a large clinical genomic resource, which has many mandates that are listed in the bottom of the slide, standardizing sharing and developing methods for annotation, interpretation, assessment of actionability. So hopefully that will, that focus on this particular problem will help as we move forward in the implementation space, but this is a large problem. So CSER, which is where most of the efforts in terms of thinking about implementation have gone in NHGRI, currently has three and a half thousand patients, or the target is three and a half thousand patients, 10 projects. And the idea is to select individuals who have specific phenotypes and they will then be studied by sequencing mostly targeted regions of the genome. The hope is to develop standardized exome and genome sequencing and reporting, and LC has been part of this since the very beginning, and I'll say more about that in a moment. So these are the phenotypes selected for study. Most of them are focused on the germline genome. There are two or three projects that focus on childhood cancers and adult cancers. The susceptibility to colon cancer in polyps is a germline project. And the questions are, what are the, what is it about a patient that says that genome sequencing or whole or exome sequencing or some variant thereof will be useful in the care of their patients? How do you analyze those large data sets in a clinical environment? There's this whole issue around what happens. The focus here of course is on Caucasian populations and the question is how do you extend the breadth and the reach of a project like this into other populations for all the reasons that we've heard about and that we all understand in terms of not just being politically correct but in terms of actually informing the biology. And then the management of non-targeted data that I've already alluded to and continues to be a problem. So the progress report from CSER is that as of March 2014 and now I'm really being a mouthpiece, 1500 subjects studied mostly Caucasian and the total number sequenced over a thousand, mostly germline but with some tumor as well. I'll skip this slide. Actually, let me just say one thing about this slide and that is that the rate of incidental findings in this population is around 3% using the ACMG list of 56 important genes as the benchmark and if you look at it a different way it's more like 6%. These are data that were updated this weekend and so these are germline analyses only and the important part is this last column, the yield. The initial data looked like there were higher yields in some diseases compared to others and there may still be a higher yield in retinal disease than the others but with the exception of these cancer cases and again these are unselected cancer cases looking at germline genome susceptibility. Looks like the yield is around 40 to 50%. In these selected subjects, these are data from the Baylor Center looking at pediatric solid tumor exomes. These are relatively unselected so the number of patients who have actual recognized category 1 mutations is small but there's still a large chunk with category 2 mutations and then this idea only over here of category 4 mutations no one knows what to do with. So as I said there has been a major focus on LC in CSER since the beginning and that includes issues around informed consent trying to figure out how informed consent is delivered across the sites and trying to develop recommendations for best practices and then this business of incidental findings which I've already alluded to the CSER sites have actually had input into the way ACMG is revising their recommendations with respect to those incidental findings and then trying to figure out what it is that patients need to know or want to know that if you ask the patients what they want to know the answer is everything but if you then ask them well you'll need to make a phone call to find that out it turns out that even small barriers like that create a disincentive for people to actually want to know everything and then collecting data on what it is that patients feel after they've gotten these data is an important part of this effort and has been embedded in CSER since the beginning. The issues around sequencing findings I've already alluded to but sort of how the question of if you find an ion channel variant for example how many patients have had any kind of work up alluding to the ion channel variant what do you do to create that work up and then issues around cost effectiveness how fundings are transmitted to patient and family members and then this whole question of ongoing reinterpretation of the genome a variant that is of uncertain significance today maybe pathogenic tomorrow or maybe benign tomorrow how do you transmit that information in an ongoing fashion to the patient and to the family members who are also variant carriers so across the initiatives in NHGRI in the genomic medicine space there are common issues around integration of information into the electronic medical record which I haven't talked about very much but represents a continuing and interesting challenge the return of results the question of what is an actionable variant and how do you how do you share data when people are nervous about sharing their genomic information and then this this longitudinal issue that I've already alluded to a couple of times I am part of a group that advises the genomic medicine initiatives at NHGRI that we call ourselves the genomic medicine working group and one of the things that we are trying to do is create mechanisms to engage other stakeholders within the community so the other stakeholders might be payers other academic centers other non-academic centers stakeholders within the federal government and international stakeholders the last meeting that we had was for international stakeholders we had a meeting in in cold snowy DC in early January and surprisingly there was a there was a huge amount of interest from across the world US tax dollars did not go to support any travel for any of these individuals and yet there were individuals from 25 countries and 50 participants who showed up from the from the countries that you can you can see and the focus is there focus there was on evidence generation on varying levels of health information technology from across the world on issues around education and workforce development that's an important issue not only for us but across the world and that's not only genomics but other supporting I call them supporting disciplines like bioinformatics and then other health professionals and then the public there's a big interest in implementing in the pharmacogenomics space first and and then there are questions around policy that obviously vary from country to country and if we're going to share data across across countries then those are the things that are going to have to be addressed. This is a snapshot of what it is that individuals at that meeting felt that they had today and felt that they really wanted going forward so what people really want going forward our systematic family history genetic counselors and electronic medical record that provides clinical decision support not so interested in interestingly in in in the sequencing part or but they think that implementation in the pharmacogenomics space might might be interesting so so just to summarize the challenges in implementing genomic information are that we don't know the function of most of the variants that we identify and as the speakers who came before me emphasized the way in which we're going to get at rare variant function is to develop very very large data sets and I call this the paradox of personalized medicine if you want to personalize medicine for an individual with a straight face you have to be able to draw from a denominator you can't do it because one person is different from the rest the other 999 you can do it because a thousand people are different from the other million people that you study so you have to have the large denominators so this is one one crude attempt to sort of give you a sense of the where the large denominators are around the country and around the world. I'm tempted to say here that you know there are places on this on this map that are contemplating sequencing every single person that they have in their data bank and the problem there is going to be the sequence and they will have very little idea of what to do with the data. So whether sequencing every single person in the UK Biobank or in Qatar or Estonia or Iceland is a is a great idea for implementation or not remains to be seen for discovery it might be an interesting opportunity. So the challenges are the quality of the data and the analysis. What why was somebody sequenced? Were they sequenced because they're a worried well person or were they sequenced because they have a particular disease if they were sequenced because of the particular disease. What are the results of that sequencing for that disease and then what do you do about the incidental findings and they're going to be a huge number of incidental findings. And then and then there is this idea that that we all know that certainly in the iron channel space which is where I live partly there is an emerging understanding of modifier genes. And if we're going to do large scale sequencing we have to be able to take advantage not only of the variants that we find but think of ways in which the variants that we find plus the modifiers could be implemented clinically. That's a huge challenge. I don't even know what an actionable variant is at the actionable variants. It's a great word to use but nobody actually has a great definition of it and it may be for the indication they may be different actionable variants for incidental findings. And then I'm you know you could read the rest of the slide engaging the patients figuring out what they want figuring out how to best to deliver this within the constraints of perceived and real privacy and consent issues. And the real potential that if we do this wrong that all we'll do is we'll have a huge number of people with variants that they don't understand or with extra medical care that they didn't need. And so there's this tremendous opportunity for NHGRI to really screw up if we don't do this correctly because I can certainly imagine situations in which everybody who gets a rare variant in a desmosomal gene will end up with a cardiac MRI. And that's probably not what we want what we want. So the challenges are figuring out outcomes clearly engaging multiple ancestries across the country and across the world. Training is a huge problem. We need to figure out a way of expanding the scope of implementation as it moves forward from not from academic centers to non-academic centers to non-informatics rich centers. And that's going on a little bit in the Ignite projects figuring out how to implement in diverse electronic medical record systems. There are a number of stakeholders that we've become aware of. For example, almost all laboratory data that are delivered in most hospital centers are delivered to the clinician or to the electronic record or to the written record through the pathology department. And so interacting with the College of American Pathologists and other pathology entities to figure out how best to deliver that information is an important part of this. I've said it before I'll say it again and other speakers have said it before me. We really need very, very large datasets linking genotype and phenotype how to do that. I don't know. And then there's a question of interacting with regulators. There's some of this some of this sequencing is viewed as as investigational by regulators like the FDA and of course figuring out how to interact with payers to get this right. So I was asked to close with a slide that said if NHGRI doesn't take courted action, what will happen if NHGRI doesn't do this? So my initial take was that the promise of genomic medicine, which we think we recognize in terms of identifying variants that are important for disease, identifying variants that are important for drug action, identifying variants that may be clues to drug targets will be delayed. But at the end of the day, the real imperative is to figure out how best to roll this out that maximizes patient benefit and minimizes risk that we'll do this wrong and just confer lots of costs and develop a lot of cynicism around the country and the community. So which patients and which targets, which patients and which genomic targets are the right ones to focus on the well-patient or the sick patient. And then the other point that I'll just sort of say as you read the slide is to work out the realities of implementation. So it's easy to say but hard to do in terms of consent, in terms of EHR integration, in terms of educating patients and providers, providing the clinical decision support, figuring out what to do in followup, and then figuring out what any of this has anything to do with economic outcomes and healthcare outcomes. And I think NHGRI, my own bias is that NHGRI needs to play a role in that. I'm not sure it's our only role in that. There are many other stakeholders who are interested in the economic and healthcare outcomes part, but NHGRI needs to be at the table. So with that I'll close and take questions. You have five minutes for questions. Okay, nobody from the Broad, remember? No, in this session you can't. That was great. I wanted to pick up on the thing you said. The last time you asked me a question, you said that the electronic record was useless. So I'm glad to hear that it's great now. No, I think I said it was not interoperable. And that's still the case, but we need to fix that. I was really struck by your last point about regulators, because I think this community has a special role to play in providing guidance to the regulators. Right now, we're either in a situation where people are just randomly making declarations about the importance of a SNP or a mutation, or on the other hand requiring a 510K to be filed on each nucleotide in the human genome. Neither of those are really good solutions, and it's gonna take somehow a genomics community coming together and saying here are things that are appropriate for FDA approval or appropriate for reimbursement. And there are other fields like preventative services where there are external groups that provide meaningful insight and meaningful guidance and even in legislation, they're entitled to provide that. And I think that one of the things we might think about at a large scale is how do we provide some kind of quality filter on the, well, actionability of relevance of, choose your word of these variants. So I was really glad you put that there, and I was wondering if somehow we might include that in our thinking. That's a comment rather than a question, but I agree, and the idea of getting a 510K, is that what it is? Yeah, for every single nucleotide is something that we've sort of discovered in the last eight months. It's something the FDA is interested in doing, and I think that's pretty lunatic as well. But if you put yourself into their shoes, they don't want this to sort of be the Wild West. They have to figure out a way of making sure that tests that are deployed widely through commercial pressures actually have some rational basis. And so I agree that if this community isn't going to provide that advice to FDA, I'm not sure who will. Tim? When you said delayed on that slide, I assume you meant delayed in the US. It's not going to be delayed in the UK. Well, I'm glad we're going to follow in your wake. I don't know how else to respond to that. As you stress, I think the bottleneck is really the follow-up and getting the assays to go. And I think that's where NHGRI, in my opinion, could take a real lead in marrying these results and thinking more systematically about how to do these sorts of follow-up assays in a high trooper fashion. Because quite frankly, everybody who's in these disease states really wants, even if it's far-fetched, they want to have the follow-up assays done on them on these variants to figure out which ones are relevant. Very expensive, but this is what NHGRI is good at, I think, actually trying to high-trooper things in ways that could go very quickly and less expensive ways. Well, I guess I'd argue with that a little bit. And I'd say that, and now I'm being a mouthpiece for me, I'd say that you don't want to be in the position of even insisting that every single person who has an ion-channel variant gets an ECG. There ought to be a better way of filtering that because even that is gonna be a huge extra cost when it turns out, but there are other genetic variants that occur in genes that have been associated with cardiomyopathies, for example. So as soon as you find one of those, does that mean every single person gets an MRI? You're gonna bankrupt the healthcare system in an instant by doing that. So we have to figure, the NHGRI imperative has to be to figure out the filters. Sure, and I think stem cells, for example, setting up surrogates that way could be done in a less expensive fashion in which you could. So thinking creatively about how to do this, and again, in ways that are not as expensive as an MRI but other ways to actually get up some of these phenotypes that, and obviously you have to prioritize them if they look more severe for whatever reasons, a nonsense mutation, obviously you probably would do an MRI and for maybe not so clear ones, maybe you wouldn't. I think that's a really interesting topic for debate. Yes. So I thought you made a very good point here about the marrying between the cohort scale with the electronic healthcare records that will allow you to, because you know the genetics doesn't change, you can measure cohorts, you can look at if I had made this decision to inform these people for the subsets that were tested, what would have I seen coming back out again? And then turn that round for individual level feedback. So I do think the large population cohorts are quite important here in this space that are linked to electronic health records so you can then, from current practice, work out what would have been an effective use of genetic information for those people. I agree, and I think that one point that needs to be made is that while I'm enamored of the electronic record because I think it's the real world sort of nitty gritty of the delivery of healthcare, it can't answer every single question. And there are some questions that are better answered by prospective cohorts or whatever. So I think the idea of putting all your eggs into a single basket is probably not what I would think is the right recommendation. That said, the end game has to be to figure out how to use the, not only deliver, but use the electronic resources that we have, the electronic medical record to answer questions like the one you've just posed. Yeah, I guess I want to, and this is also an answer from the sangha, you know, we're thinking about the same lines, and I think ideally you want to develop resources that are deeply phenotyped with a reconsent for recalling people back. Ideally an IPSC or other type of resources where you can do genome engineering experiments before this extensive recalling people. So I think that there are many kinds of resources that could be used, and that's one of them. Yeah. Just to follow up on Ewan's comment about the genome not changing, one thing we haven't really covered at all is what is the impact of somatic, I'm not talking cancer here, but somatic mutation changes over the age of the patient impacting adult onset disorders, which would obviously require a different scale and type of sequencing. So I'm a heart doctor when I'm not doing this, and I've never had a patient say, yeah, sure, have a piece of my heart. Well, but heart is probably uniquely difficult to biopsy. Well, I think brain is probably just as hard. No, but you know, I mean if you spend your time in hospitals as do I, and we biopsy all types of tissues all the time. I understand. I mean, no, no, I agree with you. I would just try to sort of highlight the, you know, what I'm fond of saying and other people have heard it said before. You know, the oncologist goes to the patient and asks for a piece of the tumor. The answer is a piece. Take the whole thing, please. Yeah, so I've never had anybody say that. But I agree, I mean, it's a great unknown right now. I mean, the extent to which somatic mutation occurs and contributes to all the diseases that we wanna study. I think we have to go to the break now. If everyone could be back here in about 15, 20 minutes, we could go on with the final presentation.


e can help them to deliver with. So we're taking an active approach to that and changing how we're operating. Okay. David, do you want to… I, on just on behalf of my finest director, I'm happy to take a 50% rise in budget if that's what's being offered instead of 100%, but I'm sure that's quite not the case. In terms of where we would prioritise, I think that there's probably two or three areas, firstly, absolutely on innovation. We need to get the best return on investment from our business. We know that some of the challenges that the sector and other sectors are going to face is about a tight labour market going forward. That will mean, I think that somebody mentioned, a revolution in terms of the way we do things in the sector. We're seeing evidence of that happening with drones and the use of sensors on lots of industries within the sector, so I think that we'll see a lot more of that. I think that we can work very collaboratively with some of the innovation centres, but it's not just about the ones that have got food in the title like Scottish agriculture. I think that sensors and data labs have also got a role to play in the use of this. I think that also there's a big market out there, and I think it was mentioned at the previous discussion, that some of our products can't get into some export markets because of restrictions. If things can be done to change that, we can potentially, that's a good way of growing the sector. The one thing that I think the Food and Director, when we do a regular survey of businesses, Food and Drink sector is probably the sector that is most concerned about Brexit, A, from losing people and B, potential tariffs. I think that it's a real big challenge for that sector, but if we can get more folks exporting now while it's relatively straightforward, it's going to be a lot harder whatever the outcome of Brexit is in 18 months, two years' time. Just on Brexit, there will be a question coming up on Brexit, so I'm happy if we move. Jamie, do you want to follow up? I know that Danny and Stuart want to come in, so if you don't mind. Sure. I think that Mr Oxie raises a valid point around innovation. Innovation is one of the three pillars of ambition 2030, but it receives less than 10 per cent of public finance spend on food and drink. That seems quite a disproportionate ratio if it's such an important part of the ambition. Do you have any views on that? Yes, and I think that it's recognised across the piece, from a food and drink perspective, that the levels of innovation are incredibly low. I mean, the levels of innovation across Scotland is a whole a whole. In some respects, that's the way that we capture the information, because birds are a pretty blunt instrument, but at least it's a proxy. It's one of the reasons why they make innovation happen initiative was absolutely established in order for us to increase the levels of bird and innovation business R&D into the sector. That's only, we're only going to lessen a year into that programme, but we can absolutely see now. I look at the figures that are in your SPICE report from last year. The funding on large R&D grants went into the food and drink sector from Scottish Enterprise. We're very low at just less than quarter of a million. I know now that the pipeline of projects that we have confirmed on large R&D are now over £2.5 million. Our budget for next year will be very different based on our commitments of those projects. That is around how we actually are trying to stimulate innovation activity in the sector, and by doing that, I stimulate innovation activity across Scotland as a whole. Isn't the making and vision project only a budget of around 1.1 million over three years? Again, isn't that just scratching the surface? That budget is really to act as a catalyst as a stimulus as a feed-up so that the key funding for projects will come from our existing large grants R&D mechanisms, including our SMART. The making and vision project is not the only budget that we will use to support. It is really there to stimulate demand, of which, hopefully, we will see much more larger R&D grants coming into the main part of the system. As I said, we are sitting with a couple of projects that we are about to conclude. If they go forward, I am very confident that they will, it will increase the bear, just by two projects, by almost half of the current entire bear for the sector at the moment. One of the things that we should and must do is to continue to invest in research as the underpinning knowledge generation from which the innovation that the industry can benefit from can be drawn. That is extremely important. Similarly, we should continue to invest in demand-led innovation support of the kind that my colleagues have been talking about. Working with the industry to ensure that the responsiveness of the academic sector is there for them through mechanisms such as the ones that we have talked about at interface, innovation centres and others. Finally, I wanted to highlight something that I think is extremely important for the coming period, which is to work with the opportunities that the UK Government's large amount of funding through its industrial strategy challenge fund offers to Scotland. We have already seen SRUC be a beneficiary in large partnership looking at the future of agritech, so there are very large amounts of resource available there for us to work with in that area and also in the area of city deals, which we mentioned earlier on in the discussion. Peter? I think that part of the issue of the uptake with the investment going into research that could be picked up by industry in Scotland in the food sector is that a lot of the companies are very small and getting some of that innovation in large-scale projects is quite difficult. I think that the common interest groups is a very important development where you can bring together a number of parties where the research can make greater impacts. I think that this is a vehicle that will make a big impact and could be quite transformative for the future in terms of going towards the 2030 goals. Okay. I think that the question that I said was coming later is about to come up, John. Yes, and that is about Brexit, which has been mentioned both in this panel and the previous one. I think that, Mr Oxley, you said your two concerns about Brexit or your two primary concerns were losing people and perhaps tariffs, so I just wonder yourself and others, would these be the main concerns? What about not getting students coming here or even post graduates? What about losing research funding? What about the cap payments being reduced? If there is no deal at all, is that a concern around tariffs and moving goods across borders? I suspect that each of you will want to comment on that. To save myself from being predictable, I am now going to start on my left, your right, with Carl, and work that way around the table. Carl, if you would like to start on that. Thank you very much. You are right. There is a high degree of uncertainty within the higher education sector. It is about issues associated with collaboration in Europe, the ability to lead projects with our European colleagues. It is about the ability to attract European students into our universities, which is a major part of our business. Two other very important areas are about the ability to attract European staff. About a quarter of my staff are from overseas, including the European Union, and the ability to retain staff as well—a high degree of uncertainty with the staff who are currently here. There are other issues associated with opportunities for internationalisation within our universities through university exchanges either into Europe or from Europe to us, which enriches our universities through internationalisation. All of those are being addressed, or would like to be addressed, I think. Where we go from here is a little bit unknown, I have to say. However, there is certainly a high degree of uncertainty, and it is not a good position to be in, I have to say, particularly for some of my European colleagues. Peter. I would echo many of those comments. In my institute, we have between 25 and 30 per cent of people who are European. They feel very destabilised right now, and whether they wish to stay in the future is an open question. That is part of our leadership in terms of the scientific leadership that we have. It is even a higher figure when it comes to PhD students. They have very many from Europe. Getting the most talented people doing what we want to do is a difficulty. There is then the issue of money granting come, which we are very successful in getting. If that is no longer available to us, that is a serious slug of money that is lost. That also loses the collaborations that we have built up over many years, not just for academic collaborations but in all sorts of senses. The ramifications are huge, and that leaves aside the other aspect, which is students from EU, which is a major intake issue for Scotland, particularly in the University of Aberdeen. The ramifications are enormous. I do not think that we can underestimate it. I will probably reflect specifically on some of the potential labour market implications. A couple of things that we recognise is that the food and drink sector is in some places, in some parts of the country, and in some sub-sectors, quite heavily reliant on migrant labour. That question of uncertainty is critical. In the absence of clarity on whether people have the right to remain, whether we have a clear immigration policy that is differentiated for Scotland that reflects the make-up of our industry, I can understand why businesses feel concerned about that. I think that we heard some very clear concerns from James and others this morning. In terms of labour market implications, we also probably want to look at two other directions. One of the questions that we are wrestling with is whether Brexit actually has the potential to lead businesses to look at other ways of meeting their production needs. Is it going to be a driver for automation? Potentially it might pick up the pace in terms of the response of businesses. There is also an opportunity to be thinking a bit more clearly around the question of labour market participation and economic activity. If labour supply is turned off, we move to a position where actually re-engaging people who are not in work becomes a business imperative as much as a social imperative. We need to be looking a little bit to the medium term or the longer term and thinking why things become clearer, what might the policy responses be that we need to think about. Stuart, I think that Chris has probably posed three questions back. I hope that he hasn't taken one of yours. I was going to echo Carl and Peter's comments on the risks. They outline very well the research staff and research funding students' issues. I will take that a little bit further and then raise a second one, if associated with Brexit, if I may. If we accept that there is a risk that a large number of our research staff may not come here from the European Union in future because they currently do and may not feel so welcomed, then that impacts on our overall research quality as an academically highly thought-of country. That is a vicious cycle potentially where more and more people may not regard us as highly as they have done in the past, which reduces foreign direct investment attraction and reduces the flow of international people from all the way around the world. That takes me to my second point. One of the theatres that we have about Brexit is that its reputational effect on the United Kingdom is that it makes the whole country feel as though it is less welcoming generally. Therefore, Scotland needs to work hard and the academic sector is working hard to retain that sense that it welcomes staff and students from all around the world, countries that are not. Brexit is affected directly, but it needs to feel welcomed here in an environment where there is a concern that might not be quite as welcoming for them. The Scottish academic sector is working hard that way and we are working with it, but it is an important wider implication of Brexit to countries beyond the European Union. The availability of minor labors has been a hugely important aspect of not just the food and drink sector but the wider Highlands and Islands economy. Over the last census survey, we saw virtually every part of the Highlands and Islands growing its population, which was really good to see. A lot of that has been on the back of people coming to the Highlands and Islands. I think that it was Peter O'Crist's point earlier on about changes in terms of a driver for automation. I think that absolutely that is something that we are going to see more of if in a worst-case scenario where lots of people disappear in a very short period of time in order to keep production levels up, there could need to be huge investment in automation. There is perhaps a sectoral attraction benefit of that if automation means that you need higher quality staff, perhaps getting paid more, a bit of skills, then it will become a bit more attractive industry for our young people. Just to echo what has been said, the considerations around constraints on the industry are around workforce and availability of labour, also tariffs. On the tariffs aspects of them, our focus will be around how we can support companies to navigate through whatever break-foods comes out at the end of it from the point of your regularity requirements, but it is also really important about diversification of markets. That includes non-EU markets, where we already have a presence from an STI perspective or from a market specialist, and how can we do more in those markets in North America, Middle East and Far East, but also how can we do more in the rest of the UK? We should not forget that this is a hugely important market for food and drink products. On the longer term, getting into the whole labour issue, automation and advanced manufacturing apps are going to be critical. They will accelerate the need for companies to look at this very critically. With that, there are whole levels of innovation and high levels of productivity, but there is also a danger that that will lead to less people being employed in the sector, or indeed we then have to look at how we can migrate those people to more highly, more value-added jobs and roles. That will be the key consideration from a perspective of how we address that in supporting companies. Thank you very much and thank you all of the panel for the answers that you have given today. If there is something that we have missed and that you feel is important for the committee to consider, I would urge you, as I did the previous panel, to write in and let the clerks have your views so that they can make sure that we get them and that they will do that. It has been a very interesting session. I am not sure, David, that you will have got your plug-in for a 50 per cent increase in your budget, but it was a nice try. Thank you very much for all your input. Our next meeting next week will consider a transport update from the Minister of Transport in the Islands and some statutory instruments. That concludes our meeting today. Thank you very much.


Has Amanda Dupont hung up her career in acting? Amanda Dupont has been missing in action for a while, but in the background, she has been working hard on building her brand and has finally revealed it all on Instagram. The actress may have hung up her acting career for something more business-oriented as she reintroduced herself on Instagram. In a recent post, wearing a power suit all the way in Dubai, she wrote, Allow me to reintroduce myself really blessed to be growing in business. From the beauty sector, I have now also ventured into finance and technology. Here on a special invite from the UAE Ministry of Economy and at ACONGRESS representing at Best Darts a global fintech business in my new position as CEO. Our innovative platform will provide services that use technology to provide financial services and investment opportunities to businesses and consumers. I look forward to the investment opportunities ahead and supporting my business partner at Erash Razisa as a speaker at the annual investment meeting. She added. Now holding two CEO positions at LeLive.Africa at Best Darts gods grace is abundant. In 2020 the actress took a step out of her acting career and announced her skincare line, LeLive, which has been doing well and is available from major online stores. Now she's taken a step toward finance and technology. In an interview with S3's Expresso, Dupont shared that she wanted to live a real and impactful life, something beyond Instagram, and that is exactly what she is doing.


In this video, we're going to examine hadrons and see if we can find any rules their reactions follow. First, we start off with some more classifications. Hadrons can either be fermions with half-integer spin or bosons with integer spin. Hadrons that are fermions are called baryons, and hadrons that are bosons are called mesons. We know some baryons already. The proton and the neutron are good examples, and as it turns out, the proton is the lightest baryon out there. Now, following on what we learned about leptons, we might expect to find some kind of baryon number conservation law. How might we test this? Well, we could look for reactions that might violate this conservation law. For instance, we could use free neutrons as our test case. When a neutron is not part of an atomic nucleus, it decays with a half-life of about 10.3 minutes. In our experiment, we would see a reaction like this. Neutron goes to a proton plus an electron plus an anti-electron neutrino. This is basically the nuclear beta-minus decay process. You see a baryon, the neutron, on the left side, and another baryon, the proton, on the right side, plus the electron and its anti-neutrino on the right, which we're familiar with. This reaction is consistent with the baryon conservation law because you have a baryon on the left side and a baryon on the right side, so that doesn't help us. Okay, so let's get a bit more clever. We can keep in mind energy conservation in the mass energy equivalence. Remember E equals mc squared Einstein's famous equation? And think about the decay processes that might really put this possible conservation law to the test. The lightest baryon, the proton, could just be the ticket. Why? Well, we're talking about a decay process. The energy to start with is just the energy equivalence of the rest mass of the proton, which happens to be 938.3 MeV. For the proton to decay while obeying some kind of baryon conservation law, there would need to be some lighter mass baryon that could decay too in order for the energy and baryon number to be conserved. If the baryon conservation law is not valid, then, well, all sorts of things could happen. So what do we observe? Well, all experiments have thus far been consistent with the idea that the proton is stable, meaning it doesn't decay. We can't rule out the possibility entirely, of course. Measuring that something doesn't occur is akin to measuring zero, and that's a very challenging task indeed. But current measurements suggest that the mean lifetime of a proton would have to be longer than 10 to the 29 years if it is indeed unstable. To put this in perspective, the universe is estimated to be just under 14 billion years, or 1.4 times 10 to the 10 years old. So that leaves us for now with a new law. Baryon number must be conserved. Baryons are assigned a quantum number of B equals plus 1, and anti-baryons are assigned a quantum number of B equals minus 1. How about mesons? Remember, these are hadrons that are also bosons, so with an integer spin. Well, things get a bit more complicated at this stage, and the reason has to do with the nature of hadrons. As it turns out, they aren't fundamental particles.


Hey beauties, I'm Bianca Renee and you're watching Bianca Renee today and today. I'm gonna be doing a full Covergirl face today cover girl sent me this amazing PR package full of everything in their new Full spectrum line and once I saw what was inside. I Instantly had to film this video right now. It's one of the first cool things we noticed about this PR package is the awesome Curly natural hair on the inside shout out to cover girl for representing This is cover girls brand new full spectrum collection an entirely new line of products inspired by Multicultural women to enable the full expression and full spectrum of what makes us unique I don't know if you guys know this, but I am multicultural within myself I'm African American German Irish Spanish Cherokee Indian and Dutch That's a lot going on in one person. So I kind of feel like this line is going for One multiple ethnicities and people that are multiple ethnicities like myself in the full spectrum collection They have foundation. They have concealer. They have eye shadow palettes. They have highlight blush contour setting powder Primer eyeliner Lipstick and lip gloss like just about everything you need to do a full face So I don't know about you, but I'm excited and I want to try all of these right now This foundation is available in 20 shades. I did give two way to my friends yesterday I probably should have waited before I started being Oprah and handing out product, but let's talk about this shade range Interesting enough even other brands that are doing 40 to 50 shades are still getting backlash saying that there's not enough For everybody so I don't know what the magic number of foundation shades That's gonna just make everybody happy but Obviously the more shades the better it would be nice if they had more lighter shades and more darker shades But this is what we're working with but now let's try to figure out what shade is gonna fit my multicultural self So probably not gonna be the deeper ones Gonna be the lighter ones. I'm probably gonna be somewhere in this middle range I think I'm gonna be one of these three colors And it's funny that I chose these three because all three of these are the color tan, but they have different undertones So this collection does have a cool neutral and golden undertone So let's do a little comparison of the three different types of tans with three different undertones. This is tan golden Now let's try tan with a neutral undertone Actually a lot lighter for being the same color and now tan with a cool undertone I think the closest to my skin tone would be the cool undertone, but it is a little on the pinky side Breaking development, there's tan cool one and tan cool two. Okay now that I've added tan cool two to the mix That one does look a little bit more like my skin tone than tan cool one Let's just try tan cool two and see how this looks first thing I'm adding to my face that is also part of the new collection is the full-spectrum cover girl matte ambition Mattifying skin primer and this has SPF 20 So it's great to have a nice SPF layer to protect our skin And this is supposed to extend the wear of the makeup and provide Hours of oil control and I get really oily. So I really hope this works Now I'm gonna grab my foundation of choice. This one is supposed to be transfer resistant That's important so you could hug people in public and don't have to mess with their white t-shirts Now for the foundation has a little glass bottle. It has a pump like I like one fluid ounce That could work. This foundation is supposed to have a long wear formula with a buildable coverage to hide large pores imperfections and Keep the shine controlled all day. That actually looks better than I thought it was this side with a makeup this side without Not bad this foundation is available in 20 different shades and it ranges from 9 to $13 depending on where you buy it. So first impression of just a foundation all on its own I do think the coverage is buildable that first layer You know it's like a natural looking finish, but if you add more you do get the covers that you desire I don't think it looks very matte right out the gate It'll probably look better once I set it and I really hope that it does keep me Matt We are gonna be doing a wear test today But it blends out very nicely Doesn't have a smell now to bond to the concealers. There's six shades in total Their darkest one might not be enough for me to contour It might just be the actual color of my skin tone This first one is medium neutral the second one is light medium neutral and this bottom one is tan deep Golden because I like a brighter under eye. I'm gonna go for the light medium neutral shade This is supposed to be a lightweight concealer brightened skin tone high dark circles and deliver flawless all-day coverage available in six shades and ranges from 842 to 1149 change of plans. I like medium tan golden better. Oh There's so many options yet still not enough It's really smooth very creamy consistency not a crazy full coverage It's saying that it's more of a lightweight concealer, but it looks like it's buildable to still Hide what I want. I did just notice that they did not put the name of the color on the actual bottle So that makes me nervous because now it's gonna get mixed up with my other ones that I open I'm not gonna know which one is which just by the name and if I keep this in my purse And I run out of it and I want to go repurchase I'm not gonna remember the exact name of this unless I keep this little piece of paper for the rest of my life Now this looks really matte This looks more matte than the Foundation It does dry pretty fast. So don't wait too long before you blend it out Usually I like to set my under eye with a loose setting powder But there is not a loose setting powder in this collection But they do have their matte ambition pressed powder and they're actually calling this an all-day powder foundation So this might give more coverage Then I'm expecting but I'm gonna try the lightest shade to set my under eye And there's 12 shades in total and this is the color light neutral 105 so I'm just gonna kind of pat it on here See if this works Brand it up Pretty because this is considered a foundation. It's actually adding to the coverage of my under eye dark circles So that's kind of nice The color I'll be using for my full face powder to set everything is medium tan neutral There are less powder shades than the foundation shade So it's a little confusing that you can't just get the exact color of your powder to match your foundation But once again, I hope this is going to be a growing collection. Just using a fluffy powder brush Billy like in the powders is adding some more coverage and setting everything making me more matte And giving me a very smooth Flawless finish to contour. I'm gonna grab one of their darker shades in the full spectrum cover girl Matt ambition collection, which is the color deep cool to using a tapered brush I Might even be able to go a little bit deeper just out of curiosity. I'm gonna add The deep cool three and see how this looks for my contour Okay, I like the deeper one deep cool three is what I'm using a contour more chiseled Let's move on to the eyes with a bunch of really pretty supposed to be full pigmented Eyeshadow colors I'll probably be using this one because I love all these different neutral browns and these shimmer golden colors And that's like my everyday go-to for my base. I'll be using this color right here putting that all on my entire That is pigmented All right, that's a really pretty brown This is gonna be my new go-to base color now. I'm adding a little bit more of like a Reddish brown color with this one right here Right next to it, and I'm gonna pop that one more in the corner now to add some dimension I'm gonna go in with the darker round of the palette and maybe even tap a little bit of this black And add that to the now. Let's really test the pigment using one of these shimmer colors. I'm probably gonna go I Want to see what this one looks like I want to look shiny. Oh, that is a pretty color I'm gonna go back in for more. It's definitely buildable. Oh Yeah Two scoops is better than one That's as far as I pretty much go in the eyeshadow department on a daily basis But this also includes the defining moment all day pencil liners. There's six different colors to choose from they range in price from 692 to 949 and there's a purple yellow and green eyeliner, and there's also a dark blue a gray and a black I'm gonna stick with the black today. This is what I probably be using on a daily basis. I do like that It's a twist top.  Let's see how this goes on Not extremely pigmented is taking a couple tries to Really get it going Off camera. I did my eyebrows lashes and winged liner Those are the only three items that I have that aren't in the cover girl full spectrum collection now I'm gonna move on to these cheeks I'm gonna use this full spectrum cover girl scope expert versatile cheek palette and it has this really pretty pink I'm gonna use for blush and this middle golden one that I'm gonna use for my highlight I like that this blush has a shimmer to it.  Make sure you tap it cuz it is very pigmented This is probably Definite favorite in this collection so far and last but not least let's move on to the lips So in the full spectrum cover girl collection, I have three Liquid lipsticks and then there's also three lip glosses and there's also four full spectrum Lipsticks and these shades gonna be using the color prodigy. Let's see how this looks. Oh, it smells good like candy so Pretty this supposed to have a high color satin finish for a bold beautiful feel and vibrant satin touch to the perfect Pout of a luxe evening look these range from seven dollars to ten dollars I'm in love with prodigy. Oh, you are going straight to the purse My full spectrum cover girl face overall. I love the concealer I think it looks really nice to able to cover my dark circles very affordable This is probably my favorite drugstore concealer now I just wish they put the name on here so I know what color I am the eyeliner I wish was a little bit more pigmented. I had to go over a couple times to really get it dark enough But I do like that it has a twist top the eye shadow palettes are really pretty and I like that I was able to do a full look just using one palette. I love this highlight and blush combo going on in the what number is this number 100 This is my favorite one out of the options. They sent me and I am also obsessed with the full spectrum cover girl Lipstick because this color is just so pretty and this is prodigy But the biggest test of them all is going to be how well the foundation holds up on my oily skin We'll be testing the foundation and the setting powder today and it's currently 330 p.m. So I'll come back at the end of the day. We'll see if this foundation really does last all day Shine-free and if it really absorbs my oils, so I'll be back in a couple hours And I'm back it is now 11 30 p.m. So I've had on this foundation for a total of eight hours not quite all day, but a pretty long time and These lights aren't doing real life justice I just looked in the mirror before I sat down and I was like wow my skin looks really good But now under all these bright lights I'm Glowing a little more than normal. I am getting shiny right around my nose like I usually do a little bit on the forehead But the cheeks look pretty good. This is just my highlight I usually get shiny after maybe three four hours So to only be this shiny after eight is pretty impressive, but like I do in all my foundation reviews I'm going to get my oil absorbing sheets, and I'm going to see how much oil actually comes off and if any makeup Transfers so I'm gonna start off with just the shiny part Look at that already back to Matt This is how much oil was on my skin and there's also a little bit of brown on there So that means the makeup did come off a little bit, but I don't expect the foundation to stick to the oils That's kind of how this transfer here happens But now that I've blotted when we just dab this white cotton pad Don't see any makeup on here So I think once you first apply it and once you put your powder on it's not gonna transfer That's good. I can give someone a hug and it still looks okay, but once that oil starts to arrive Then that's when you're gonna have to worry about transferring, but if you don't have oily skin You probably won't have any problems and this might just be perfect on your skin. So overall I love this foundation I think this is gonna be my new go-to drugstore foundation this and The concealer my concealer is still hanging in there It's not creasing Still very matte my highlight and my blush is still there The only thing that didn't really last is the eyeliner the eyeliner is kind of gone So that would need to retouch that my shadows are still shimmering I'm very happy with this collection So I'm gonna keep experimenting throughout the week with just the primer with the different foundation and maybe the foundation with a Different primer primer foundation different powder So if you want to see me experiment make sure you follow me on Instagram at Ms. Bianca Renee that way you get daily updates on anything that I talk about on my YouTube channel if you're new to my channel Welcome, make sure you give me a thumbs up and subscribe I do foundation Fridays on Friday and curly hair videos on Sunday So to make sure you don't miss another video hit the little bell so you're notified as soon as I upload I'll see you guys next time. Thanks for watching Bianca Renee today You


Well, I can't complain, been pretty well fed, pretty well paid Anxious and a little depressed, just thinking about you At a motel in Texas, sure beats that minimum wage Driving on highway, singing on stage And sunsetting over Mexico I can just see war is from El Paso I can't wait to hear about LA This weekend we're playing hotel cafe Well, I wanted you to know if your evening's free Hope you come to the show and the drinks are on me How's life on the silver screen? At West Coast, everything you thought it'd be Signals fuzzy on my cell phone I figured I'd write you from El Paso Signals fuzzy on my cell phone I figured I'd write you from El Paso