So, in general how would you quantify this partitioning relationships? Suppose, we are talking about solid water interface saturated soil. Now, this is how you will define KD parameter what is CS concentration of contaminants which are getting solved onto the solid phase and CW in this solution in the solution form. So, if you take the average of these two this is nothing but KD it is always defined as milligrams of contaminants per kg solid of the soil mass or the porous media. What are the units of CW this is the milligrams of contaminants per liter of water of the solution why I use the word water here because contaminant is dissolved in the water phase. So, to create a certain molarity you take 5 grams of a salt and dissolve it in 1 liter of water. So, for CW we always use the word milligrams of the contaminants per liter of the water clear. The second phase is water vapor. So, having see what is the significance of solid water interface the contaminant is getting distributed in solid phase and water phase. Now, look at this situation here the contaminant is getting distributed in vapor phase and water phase. So, third phase is included into this. So, the complete matrix would be solid water and water vapor interface meaning thereby if I extend this model further KD if I know what is the amount of gas what amount of concentration which are getting added on to the gaseous phase divided by the concentration of contaminant in the solution phase this becomes your Henry's constant. Now, Henry's constant is nothing, but the constant which is normally used in gas law. So, for the most of the time when contaminant migrates in the soil mass or out of the soil mass most probably the porous media will remain saturated. However, when you are talking about contaminant migration in unsaturated soil mass then this type of vapor water interaction will come into the picture is this ok is the gaseous phase of the contaminant which is getting adhered on to the solid surface. So, that is how you are saying that the certain amount like camphor what will happen if you have camphor. So, camphor may not get dissolved in water, but the moment it sublimates it goes and gets adhered on to the surface of the solids. So, the gaseous phase of the material which is getting adhered on the solid surface see partitioning is taking place always from the solid form or from the liquid form or a solution form. So, this is how you will be defining these numbers with respect to liquid phase what fraction has got adhered on the solids what fraction has got adhered on to the gases. So, putting these two together is a three phase system all right we can do lot of other things when we use these parameters like contaminant concentration in geomaterials can be obtained. Now, this is what again defines the fate of contaminants in the geomaterial. Now, if you talk about the total mass in unit volume of the geomaterial this is how it can be computed you have density of the porous system multiplied by C s plus theta w theta w is the volumetric moisture content of the soil mass multiplied by C w the concentration of contaminants in liquid phase plus theta g gaseous phase multiplied by C g. Now, there is a boundary condition that if soil is saturated what is going to happen your theta g is equal to 0 where theta g is the volumetric gas content or the vapor content. Now, have you ever studied what is the value of theta the volumetric moisture content volumetric moisture content is defined as saturation multiplied by porosity the bulk porosity. See this is in fashion these days we do not talk about gravimetric moisture anymore we talk about volumetric moisture. So, saturation multiplied by porosity will give you theta value. So, if saturation is 1 fully saturated soil theta is nothing but equal to porosity. What is the need of defining theta value because porosity can be measured very easily and more precisely by using all your TDR FDR techniques, but gravimetric analysis is always very empirical and not much reliable. Another problem is you have already disturbed the matrix of the soil by bringing the soil sample into the laboratory. So, it is not the in situ condition of the moisture. So, that is the reason everybody is trying to use theta values these days that means volumetric water content as theta w volumetric vapor content or gaseous phase content as theta g where theta is saturation and porosity multiplication of the 2. So, then this equation will reduce to C T equal to density bulk density of the system multiplied by C s plus porosity multiplied by C w. Now, tell me one thing what is the application of this equation? If you want to find out what is the concentration of contaminants present in the porous media you can simply substitute these values the density and the porosity and you should know what is the C s and C w phase and hence you know the C T value. Now, this is the practical situation with which you normally deal with in most of the professional activities. So, this is what is known as concentration determination in porous system or the fate of contaminants. Now, if C T tends to 0 what is the implication of this? No contaminants what is the meaning of that? Either no contaminant gets trapped into the porous media or there is no sorption process going on in the porous media. So, again there are two things which you should not forget to apply clear what it indicates either the contaminants are inactive or the porous media is inactive or the time given to the system is so less then nothing gets retained on to this and so on. There can be so many combinations and permutations of this type of a phenomena, but in normal situation what would you prefer as a as an administrator not let us say as an engineer or a scientist C T should be 0, C T should not be 0. Why I say administrator? Suppose you are the chairman of municipal corporation what do you expect everywhere? Completely clean land C T is always 0 clear of course in a hypothetical situation or C T should be a very high number that means the soil mass is never going to release any contaminants in the geo environment. Now, if you are somewhere in between the life is precarious. Now, these are the boundary condition which you have to put in your modeling mathematical modeling is the concept of modeling clear to you know and most of the time C T concentrations are defined by pollution control boards. So, they come up with the norms that in a certain country at a certain location whether the thermal power plant or a rubber manufacturing unit, electroplating unit the permissible concentration of a contaminant should be less than this. So, this becomes third boundary condition. So, you have many constraints for which you have to solve this linear equation and here you can use the concept of optimization, mathematical programming, linear programming, operational research and so on OR NOE and what not and this becomes a good PhD thesis for people who are trying to earn their doctorate. Is this okay? Any doubts questions? So, all of you are now experts in modeling contaminant transport in soil mass. His question is that in these equations C T time is not coming to the picture truly speaking time is inbuilt. Now, I will show you how time gets automatically reflected in this equation because CS and CW both of them are functions of time. So, we always talk about equilibration time beyond which even if the interaction is prolonged nothing much different is going to happen. So, in all these relationships the most important parameter is to establish equilibration time alright. So, when you conduct any test one of the most important parameters would be what is the time of interaction and what happens beyond equilibration period. Is this okay? What is her question is that is there any limit on saturation? See the most simple situation is even saturation is 100 percent because we have been dealing with saturated state of the material in terms of hydraulic conductivity and what not. But the most problematic situation would be when your two phase system is trying to become three phase particularly for unsaturated soil where the saturation is less than 80 percent alright. And as we have been talking about since last so many lectures that most of us locations in the country or anywhere in the world you will not have soil mass which is fully saturated because the water table keeps on either fluctuating or it is much deeper. So, to answer your question let me put it like this that CS and CW or in the words KD parameter itself is a function of volumetric moisture content. Is this clear? So, KD is a function of theta. Now, please tell me one thing if theta is more KD will be more or less. If you have more water present in the soil mass the distribution will be faster or lesser? Faster. Exactly. So, that means higher the degree of saturation your KDs will be very high the sorption capacity of the porous media will be extremely high. Is this the answer is this what you are asking? So, the moment theta changes your suction value comes in the picture the soil becomes unsaturated the contaminant transport starts taking place in unsaturated soil mass alright. Further soil. What about the? Good. Further soil itself is there any. Very good. So, what happens when you go to many malls in Bombay city where they say parking full no parking lot available. What do you do normally? The same thing happens landing does not take place on Bombay airport because of traffic congestion. So, what do they do they keep on hovering the same thing happens to the atoms and the moment they get a chance to get stuck to the soil they get stuck. So, you think of a situation where around the particle there will be multi layers of cations clear. So, the most high valence cation should be sitting close to the atom or extreme end no that again depends upon lot of things that will depend upon the valency that will depend upon the pH and so many other factors pressure and all. So, it is very difficult to generalize anything. So, the easiest way to say is there will be so many parameters which will again guide which cation should come and get parked onto the surface. Suppose a truck cannot get parked in a parking lot, but a motorcycle can be parked very easily. The same thing will happen in this case also. A small diameter cation will have much more easy access to the soil particle as compared to a bigger diameter cation, but then valency comes in the picture. The place reserved for somebody to come and park the vehicle. So, lot of things are there is a black box clear, but I think this much have given you some reasonable idea about what are the uncertainties associated with determination of KD parameters. So, most of these experiments are done with single cation species, but the real life situation would be where multiple cations are coming in the sludge or the industrial waste and hence you have to model a complex solution for finding out its KD parameter. So, there are lot of things to be done yet alright. Any other question? See the easiest path is what? Either the contaminants will get adhered onto the solid surface or onto the gaseous surface because even if they get interaction with liquid phase they will get dissolved again. So, partitioning cannot be from water to water phase. So, it is always with water to solid phase and with water to gaseous phase this is ok. If no water phase is there then what happens? You tell me a solid contaminant unless it vaporizes there will not be any distribution. So, that is what I gave you an example of camphor it will not liquefy it will straight away sub limit. So, that means from solid state will directly get converted into the gaseous phase the entire gaseous phase will get adhered onto the surface of the solids. This is what is known as gas option. So, when you do your carbon dioxide sequestration and all this is what is more important. So, you will be conducting an experiment where you are not interested in soil coming in contact with the liquid phase of the contaminant. All your experiments will be diverted towards how much gas can be retained into the solid phase. How much carbon dioxide from the atmosphere can be squeezed and sequestrated into the solids is this ok. So, there your connotation of Kd will be H, but not from the liquid phase. Incidentally, we have talked about gas option for finding out SSA especially surface area. So, that is also sort of a Kd parameter which you are getting where the gas is getting sobbed onto the solid phase and hence giving you the surface area. If you remember all your mono layer thickness of the EGMG ethylene blue we have talked about is nothing, but the layer of molecules of ethylene blue getting adhered onto the particles and depending upon how much amount is adhering you can find out what is surface area. Now, let us discuss the methodology of determination of sorption and desorption characteristics of geomaterials and immobilizing materials at mixtures. First of all the most easy thing is to perform batch test or to perform column test. You might have heard about these tests I am sure in your environmental engineering courses you must have done this. What is batch test? You take certain amount of the material, geomaterial and mix it with some solution of a contaminant and allow this interaction for a long duration. However, this will fail to simulate geomaterial contaminant immobilizing agent interaction in a realistic manner why? In nature this is never going to happen that you take some soil put it in the solution. There is always a percolation taking place. So, you there is a acid spill and the rains come what happen? This acid has a tendency to migrate into the porous system. So, batch test will not really give you a clear picture of what is happening in the nature. Water column sorry fail to come up with the recommendations regarding generalized isotherms. I will be talking about what is meant by isotherms. What about column test? So, you make a column of the soil or admixture and pour certain amount of contaminants from the top and let it percolate from the other end. So, depending upon the sorption capacity of the soil whatever concentration difference is coming in the outflow can be again quantified as a k d parameter. So, these are typical column test. Column test are quite near to what happens in the nature, but unfortunately column test which are done in the laboratory will depend upon the distorted texture of the soil from that which exists in the nature. So, again they will be giving you very very distorted picture of the real life situation. And they are very time consuming cost intensive. Another thing is suppose if you are simulating a 2 meter long soil column is it possible to make a 2 meter long 3 meter long column in the laboratory of a soil mass that to undisturbed is not so possible easily. So, you have to live with uncertainties and the problems associated with determination of parameters, but it is still we would like to come up with some numbers. So, that we can use them in our modeling exercise. Another problem is whenever you are doing column test the permeability is a very big issue. So, it will take you for 1 meter long column how much time it will take for permeation if 10 power minus 11 meter per second is the permeability of the clay. How much time it will take you to complete one test your M Tech will be over definitely by that time. So, this is where actually people are resorting to centrifuge modeling. This is a good example of how centrifuge modeling can be done. Dr. Naidu had done extensively this type of studies for his PhD thesis where he has established isotherms utility of some nomograms for selection of a material. Unfortunately, this paper is not published yet it is in the press. Accelerated physical modeling using a geotechnical centrifuge is a good solution for finding out absorbing and desorbing characteristics of porous media. I will show you in the later half of the lecture how the results can be utilized. So, it seems that the laboratory tests are not going to be very reliable. So, it forces you to conduct these tests in the field allow interaction between the soil and contaminant in nature, but you know what are the difficulties involved clear. Of course, this will give you a real life situation real life picture, but then very cumbersome process. Similarly, you can do field modeling test where you model the contaminant migration into the soil mass, use some pre-established numerical models and find out from them the KD parameter. So, it becomes a very long exercise and third one is whenever you are working with highly organic material is what is known as KoC method. So, KoC is nothing, but the organic carbon normalized adsorption coefficient. That means, if you have a soil for which the organic content is very high, find out the organic content of the material. Now, what is your gut feeling because of organic content the KD will be more or less more. So, what is that you are doing over here? Yeah, you are normalizing with respect to 100 percent. So, even if your OC organic content is 100 percent KoC will be equal to KD. So, KoC will always be higher than the KD parameter because of the organic contents present in the soil mass. So, it is a simple logic which is used to determine the KoC for the organic soils. Normally, this method is not utilized so much, but then this is one of the techniques of determining the KD parameters. This is part ok. So, ultimately people come back to batch test and the column test to get some reasonable picture of you know what is happening. It is very difficult to do in situ and the field test. These are the codes which are available in literature. ASTM American Society of Testing Materials has two codes which are available on 24 hours batch test for finding out sorption and desorption processes and ASTM 1988 determining the sorption coefficient for an organic chemical soil and sediments. There is another code which is given by OCED that is Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. One thing you should realize that environmental geotechnology geomechanics is gaining a momentum because of the organizations like this. It is Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Is it not? As the civilization is progressing, there is a requirement for developing the codes which are going to be helpful in taking major decisions. So, this is how in 2000 they have come up with a guiding guideline determination of soil adsorption, desorption using a batch equilibrium method.


I'm at the edge of a cliff, and what you can see here is a pretty deep canyon. And no matter how much effort that I would expend, I could train for my entire life, I could do everything in terms of human development possible, and I would not be able to jump across this canyon. And in fact, I would die trying, and it wouldn't end very well. Similarly, when we try to understand what it means to say yes to God, yes to Jesus, we have to understand that there is a chasm that separates us from God that is caused by sin. Our baptism, of course, makes us whole, but then every time we sin after that, the chasm reemerges, the separation in particular with mortal sin. And in general, we wouldn't even have the grace of baptism were it not for Jesus and for his sacrifice to reconcile us to God.  Jesus in Matthew chapter 7 said, the road is narrow and difficult, and very few are on the road. He's talking about the road to heaven, and the road to hell is very wide and easy. Most people don't ever even consider what would it take to cross the canyon? What would it take to set me free from my sin? And the answer to what it takes is Jesus Christ. The answer is trusting in him and his church to provide a bridge that will take you across the canyon safely. The bridge is into relationship with God, into the kingdom of God. This is why Jesus gave his life. This is why we need to say yes to God, to trust in him, to get us across the great chasm of sin, into redemption, and relationship, wholeness, peace, and abundance of life in God. Hey friends, if you like this video, please help us to be a blessing to others. Subscribe to our channel, spiritualdirection.com. Share this video. Help us get the word out. God bless.


Okay, so that should do it. And so let's save it. Boom. And then let's go to the balance sheet and see what happens. K-Passo. K-Passo! We're going to go down to the prepaid insurance has now moved down to 11,000. That makes sense because now if one month has passed, there was 12,000 for 12 months divided by 12, 1,000 a month. 11 months have not yet expired. Therefore, 1,000 times 11 is 11,000. That's how much of the insurance policy value that we're still going to be consuming in the future. If I go into this, that takes us to our journal report. It doesn't take us back to the register. It takes us to the good old journal entry. I'm going to copy the adjusting entry down here too. So we have it on both lines. Save it and close it. There we go. And then the other side back to the balance sheet is on the income statement. Let's run it to refresh it. And then down here we have now our expense has been allocated. I would assume there it is. Insurance, liability, $1,000 insurance has been allocated. So there we have that. So that looks good. And so just remember that you want to make sure whatever system you're using, you're in conjunction with like the CPA or accountant. What you don't want to have happen, for example, is you're on a, is you have a schedule C business, for example, and you record your information as prepaid insurance thinking that your accountant is going to make the adjusting entries at the end of the period and then they don't. They just take your income statement and plug it into the tax return without doing any other kind of thought process involved. Because what you want to do is if you're working with an accountant when you have a business oftentimes that's going to help you possibly to do those period and adjusting entries, double check things like the payroll and possibly help you with the adjusting entries for any kind of prepayment accounts, especially like insurance and see what's going to be relevant on a tax return type of situation rather than just, you know, taking, just taking the income statement and whatever you give them and plug it in to the system. If you're working with someone that's just taking the income statement and plug it into the system, then you got to make sure that you're doing the periodic adjustments at the end of the period and you still might use the same system. You just want to make sure that whatever system you're using and whoever you're working with to do that system and implement it, everybody has is in the loop on what needs to be done. Okay, so let's open up our reports, right-click, duplicate our tab over here and we've got our journal reports. Let's take a look at those first scrolling down reports on the left, closing the hand boogie, type it in journal, the journal and let's go from 022823 to 022823 and then I'm just going to search for the journal entries by customize and filters and transaction type. We want the journal entry run it. So there we have it. So these are the adjusting entries we've done thus far. This is the one we just did here. These two are not adjusting entries. We would have to delete them. Maybe we'll do that and show you how to do that at the end by just exporting it to Excel possibly and removing them in Excel. And then if I take this up one notch, there's where we are with the reversing entries. Note that the entry we just did here is not a reversing entry. It's a permanent kind of process. So it's not something that we're going to say, hey, the accounting department is doing their thing, but we need to make a temporary adjustment. It's a planned adjustment, which is a permanent adjustment as opposed to a temporary adjustment. So next year we'll have to do the next one allocating the expenses as time passes. So that's the other thing we got to keep in mind, which of the of the entries that we're putting in place are reversing entries and which of the entries are permanent. And this happens to be a permanent one.


The European Green Deal emphasizes the need to drastically reduce excessive carbon emissions from buildings, which are a major source of global warming. The design phase of a building accounts for over 80% of its product-related environmental impacts, highlighting the urgent need to explore low-carbon measures in building design. This paper uses linear regression reverse engineering and percentage calculation to identify that a GWP of minus 30.000 CO2EQ or lower, around minus 165 CO2EQ slash M2, in 25% of a block of houses can lead to carbon reductions by 11%. However, the paper identifies barriers related to databases needed to achieve this task. This article was authored by Luis Berganca and Maria Concepción Verde Muneza.


Namaste everyone. My name is Greg Prescott from n5d.com and welcome to another episode of Afterthoughts and This is where I generally try to recap what I missed on my previous n5d Facebook live video Which inevitably I'm going to miss stuff so This is where I come through and answer all those questions that and comments that I missed So I just want to say, you know, if you are Watching this right now be sure that you subscribe to n5d whether it's the daily newsletter or the weekly one I just sent out the weekly one this morning as I do every Monday and that encapsulates the whole week So you don't miss anything or if you want to stay on top of everything right now subscribe to the daily newsletter Where you get it sent to your inbox and just like any newsletter you might want to check your junk box Because sometimes they get sent there Anyway moving on What else we have going on here? I got a lot of comments. I want to Get to I want to give a special shout out though to all my patreon people Thank you so much from the bottom of my heart for being part of our n5d patreon group and And what I'll be doing is for my behind-the-scenes people That's subscribed to 11 11 or more. I'll be putting out a new video here shortly Where I'll be bringing all of you on my walk of gratitude and personally thanking each and every one of you and Then what I'll be doing as well for future behind-the-scenes you're gonna go through a day in my life and You'll see all that goes on in a typical day for Greg Prescott on in 5d and All the work I've had I put in to bring you everything that I bring so and honestly, I love every second of it I love doing what I do. This is a true passion of mine and another thing I'll be doing For another behind-the-scenes is taking you guys on a Personal tour of siesta key starting from Turtle Beach and going all the way up to the village and everything in between so If you haven't subscribed to n5d patreon, there's a link below check it out. Okay, so What I'm gonna do is just jump right into it and starting off leading off batting first Is Suzanne Randall who said have you ever heard of putting crystals in the water any water ocean rivers or ponds? Yes, I have and yes, we have done that A group of us got together For the summer solstice and bimini a few years ago To do a group meditation there and what we had we brought with us was this large Organite um Chris pyramid that Had this sand on the base of the Organite the sand was the 99.9 percent quartz crystal sand from siesta key Beach and Before we brought it out there. I don't know. I put it under the I have this six foot copper pyramid and put it under there we place thoughts and intentions into it and We ended up going out there bringing that with us and Putting it into the water. I think the water might have been at least, you know close to waist to chest high deep I don't remember specifically But we all did a meditation around it and then put it into the water at 11 11 a.m. And It was a very special moment for everyone that attended it's something I'll always treasure So yeah, you can do that now I'm not sure if that's what you were talking about or there's something else that I do personally I have What I do is I make shungite water and I'll use the 10 pH water that I have poured into this pitcher that has It's a tube that goes down with a screen a mesh screen That's in it. I think you you're supposed to use it for iced tea to make tea to make iced tea So but what I do is I put shungite rocks in there So I make shungite water and then I add ozone to it. So I have ozone shungite 10 pH water alkaline water, so it's a wonderful way to you know, if you're gonna use rocks To do it that way too, but I have a feeling though because you were saying any water ocean rivers or ponds. Yeah You can put that in there to help Negate any negative things which would be a good idea right now for Lake Okeechobee as well as the Gulf of Mexico what I was thinking about doing was actually making some alkaline water and adding ozone to it because what they're saying is with the The red tide ozone will kill the red tide. So maybe if I just put that thought and intention and Simply a gallon a day poured in there to help heal the water. I think that's what I'm gonna do So thank you for bringing that up because it gave me a good idea of what I want to do to help the Gulf of Mexico so moving on Malia Portia said mentioned that there were seven planets in retrograde and On August 6th. There was actually six planets plus Chiron in retrograde and as of today I believe Mars is going out of retrograde. So we're still left with Saturn Pluto and Neptune in retrograde right now But yeah, it's been really crazy when you combine that with We just had Yesterday we just had the Pisces full moon in Virgo. I'm sorry the Pisces full moon and we're in the Virgo Sun sign. So what you have what you're looking at is Virgo being an Earth sign and Pisces being a water sign. You have these things clashing. It's sink or swim right now And then you have that on top of the Shuman Resonances, which I'll get into a little bit later It creates a tumultuous time for all of us and we're all going through things that we need to work on and what this is doing Is it's bringing up these opportunities really? for self-growth so and Malia mentioned DNA upgrades. I think that's part of what's happening too with these Shuman Resonances that are coming on I'll speak a little bit about that a little later on Lisa Daniello said could you recommend a good book about crystals and The first one would be the Crystal Bible by Judy Hall. I believe she has three Editions of it each each one is different a little bit different so yeah, check that out the Crystal Bible by Judy Hall also there's a Dear woman Adrienne Gough who has a book called Crystal Healing for the Whole Being Crystal was one of our speakers at an N5D conference. We had a couple years ago in Austin, Texas And she's such a sweet soul. She truly loves doing what she does and I know exactly how she feels and She's so genuine and sincere. She can talk for days about one crystal Let alone all these different ones So I don't know how she actually manages to put everything into you know one two or three hour presentation When she's so knowledgeable about all this stuff and she makes it fun and interactive. So yeah, that would be another one Adrienne Gough ADRIE NNE Goff So hi Adrienne if you're watching Carolyn Drainan, I believe is how you pronounce her name said I love your pendant. Can you put it close to the camera? So cool, so I'll do that So there it is and what I've noticed is that when I'm waking up in the morning. It's behind me Every morning wake up it's back there. There's times where I've gone on the beach And I didn't notice this one time. I was talking to a couple just a couple days ago on the beach and I just I don't know. I just kind of reached up to see where the pendant was and it wasn't there I did my whole walk of gratitude and everything with my pendant on the back side of my Well on the back side of me No idea walking around the whole morning like that But what I think it's telling me is that I need to give this one away too I gave away my last one and I think I'll be doing a raffle for people on patreon that are Subbed for 555 or higher. I think I'll raffle this one off on that But yeah, it's a cool pendant. I love the colors. They're high vibrational colors, you know the green the purple blue everything It's just stunning and What got me was it sparkles Yeah, anyone that knows me knows that like I like absolutely like love Anything that sparkles I see something sparkly It's like it gets my attention. Yeah, so She made another comment too about rice water is a fantastic natural amazing sunscreen all natural and anti-aging Just spritz it on you now. I've never heard of rice water being a sunscreen That's it. That's news to me. So I thought I'd share it with everyone else I know that coconut oil is a natural sunscreen when I go to the beach I usually use something that's called ocean potion and It's paraben free. It's it's a really good sunblock and the best part about it is it smells like an orange cream Skull remember those cream skulls you used to get like like at the from the ice cream man I guess they sell them. I don't know if there's ice cream man around anymore with the little trucks But they sell them. Yeah, you can go to any grocery store and get the Orange creamsicles, but that's that's what this sunscreen smells like and it just smells fantastic And it doesn't have the retinol palmitate and all that other crap that's in there But I also have have used coconut oil. It has a natural SPF of four. It's not a lot But you know when you already have the base tan, you don't need a lot So I also use that on occasion now. I have friends here in Florida who are much darker than I am Some with like Native American in them. They get really dark and Even they use sunscreen on their face, which is the only place I use it.  That's it nose But yeah, even these my friends that are really really dark they will burn everyone will burn if you don't put it on your face So if nothing else definitely get your face covered So if you guys know of anything else, too, I'd imagine any of these healthy oils would be good avocado oil You know, it's healthy. It's good for your skin. Just like the coconut oil So yeah, if you have any ideas or suggestions, leave them below One thing I wanted to mention too about the Retrograde planets I have an article on in 5d.com called retro retrograde planets on your birth chart or in your birth chart One of those I'll leave a link below for that But I know some people that have up to five retrograde planets on their birth chart I know a woman who has only one, but it's mercury retrograde So per perpetual mercury retrograde Myself I don't have any which is rare, but I'm also a triple Libra, which is rare And a lot of people think that Libras are all about balance. It was the complete opposite. We're constantly seeking balance So I think creator source universe said yep, that's enough for him We'll let him just be a triple Libra and Work that out You know and I can I can tell you as being a triple Libra It's I'm all in when I'm all in I'm completely all in you know if I go on a diet. I'm Devout to it. I I will buy like a kajillion different vitamins like a two-year supply of them You know or you know getting out of food kick is something some kind of food that I really like that's healthy I'll buy a lot of it and But I have to learn how to balance myself not to go overboard and that's why for me it's so important to Get that walk of gratitude and and go to the beach and to ground and become centered Because it does it does help a lot and without the beach I'd be lost I'd be a scattered mess So moving on Heather Birkitt Now she the way she worded this I have to reword it a little I Think she what she's saying though is if you know someone that's going through a spiritual awakening Do you help tell assist them or is that crossing boundaries? Yeah, you help them What I do you help them with tact okay, so what I end up doing is You create Something simple something that everybody could relate to like for example If you're at the grocery store with this person You can mention. I can't believe all this processed food Have you ever noticed that it's like all on the inside aisles and all the healthy stuff is on the outside?  You don't want to get too woo woo too quickly So you start out with stuff that everybody can agree with. Oh Look check out that that line in the sky up there. I heard it's called a chem trail Do you remember seeing those when we were kids? that kind of thing and From there eventually they start questioning more. It's important though that you read their cues that they're giving to you Are they looking at you intently and absorbing and questioning or just even nodding their head?  So You can also put it out there that your higher self connects with the other person's higher self and That they help each other through the awakening process I hope that answered your question So This one's big and that's why I saved it for last For the questions. I still have a couple more comments, but Okay Ross Corey Can you talk about the energy updates? Wow This was over the weekend Ross, and I'm sure you felt it as well as Just about the rest of us the rest of the world Felt this. This is what happened over the weekend right here This is one of the biggest splotches of white I've seen on the Schumann residence in a while and What you're looking at here. This is the Schumann residence chart And what you're looking at is whenever you have these white splotches right like that That's when we have these incoming waves of energy that are flooding the planet I always know and many of you always know too You know when you'll feel that you'll either feel this huge surge of energy going on or Sometimes it's the exact opposite you'll just feel like Your eyelids are really really heavy and you feel really warm And as soon as I get either one of those feelings I go to that website I have a link on n5d that can lead you to it. I can't post that link on Facebook Because Facebook banned the link They don't want us knowing about it, but I'll put that link that I have for it I don't know if YouTube will allow me to put that actual link But there's a link on n5d that'll get you there and I'll put it down here, too So you can check that out every time and then just bookmark that link on your own computer at that point But I always check it out because I I always know intuitively. I know that there's a wave going through and I'm certainly not surprised anymore when this happens So yeah, what we had was this huge weekend of waves in conjunction With the Pisces full moon Talk about a double whammy I mean gosh There are so many things getting processed and cleansed and so many truths coming up to the surface for people to learn from Everyone all of us we all have our issues and no one's impervious to this You know, I went through a tumultuous time yesterday morning But I got through it and I got over it and what we're seeing are these points are the what's happening is we're creating node points in our own personal and as well as collective timelines And this is one of those no points. It's the point of no return no turning back You'll remember this weekend for a long time forever so That's one of those points that here it is this is this was huge. There's so many things that went on on so many levels and now Which was interesting This is when I came down. I ended up taking There's like a three or four hour nap. I think it's a three hour nap and I didn't look at the chart beforehand, but I just I was so wiped out from everything all the energies in the The new moon or the full moon and everything that was going on just so wiped out That I had to go to sleep and what happens is when you go to sleep. This is when we're getting the downloads You're gonna get them regardless But chances are you're gonna get on Heavy big-time downloads and your sleep And they'll continue these DNA upgrades. They'll continue and this is this was such a major major push Right here on the energies that these downloads you're gonna be getting them Probably for weeks to come if I were to if I were to guess on that so What people were feeling I put a post on in 5d and there's an article today on in 5d.com But on my personal Facebook I made a post when those right in the midst of when those energies were happening and It felt like I think it was 3 23 a.m. That I made the post and it felt like I had drank like Five cups of coffee.  It's all this Creativity going on within me as well. It was amazing and if my crown chakra was lit up. It felt like It felt like somebody was just like lightly touching my hair Not not like massaging this scalp kind of thing though. I have had those intense ones too During this one, but initially that's how it felt. It just felt like somebody was Gently rubbing my scalp. I also started out with like I It was almost like the beckoning call because I heard this it was a lower-pitched frequency out of my left ear that I Don't normally hear usually they're higher pitch, but it was a lower-pitched frequency that I heard and that's what basically Was one of my first signs to go check out the Schumann Resonance chart to see what's going on And sure as heck. Yeah, we were getting slammed With all these amazing energies now, you know, what's happening is like I said a lot of purging going on a lot of getting rid of that which doesn't serve us That which is not in our highest good is going on And that can be you know a lot of emotions that we're going through relationships Scenarios Jobs it could be anything a number of things, you know, whatever it is that is subjective to you I'm sure you understand completely what it is that was brought up To be purged and transmuted and cleansed. So we'll all get through this. It's okay You know, it's a blessing in all honesty. So Hang in there. We'll make it through it a couple comments that I got on that N5D Facebook live the last one that I did I Was talking about creating a new earth and all these cool ideas, you know, one of them was to have like these cool Rivers that you could go on and there's like a huge Lily pad that you can sit on and kind of use it as a raft and just float down the river and So we had a couple Other people comment on that Gail Lambert said that there could be a hot pebble stone wall That you could sit on while dangling your feet in the water And it would be and it would softly massage your body. How cool would that be? I love it. Great idea Gail And then Carolyn Thranon said imagine if we could have avatar bodies we could change every day How cool would that be? So imagine you wanted to be like eight foot tall or three or you know maybe this skinny or To experience what it'd be like to be a lot larger. It doesn't matter Maybe change your hair color.  I who knows you'd be experimenting It's your choice at that point, but how cool would that be just to Change your body. I thought it would be awesome So, you know like that your eye color just changes bam purple green hazel blue So thank you for the ideas what we're doing when we put these ideas out there is we are creating that new earth through Thoughts and intentions. What ideas do you guys have? Pay put them below make a comment because when you make those comments other people are thinking about it and it makes the Possibility become a reality So I'm gonna leave it off at that right now I'm gonna continue on with my patreon people, but for everybody watching on YouTube and on in 5d Thank you so much for being part of our in 5d family, and I'm sending you all infinite love and light namaste


Plastic waste has become one of the most pressing environmental issues of our time due to its abundance and difficulty of disposal. This paper examined the potential use of plastic waste as a fuel source, focusing on two types of plastics, plastic waste and lignite. Plastic waste had a significantly higher energy content than lignite, while having a lower ash content and producing less ash. Additionally, plastic waste had a lower maximum potential emission of CO2 compared to lignite. Furthermore, the ash produced from plastic waste was of similar quality to lignite, although it had a slightly higher risk of slagging. Overall, plastic waste appears to be a promising alternative fuel source, particularly when combined with lignite. This article was authored by Agape Vasiliadu and Costas Tsaiopsias.


My name's Mark Dixon and I'm the Forum Director at the Architecture Forum. I'm here today to talk to you about the open group new release of the Togav Standard 10th Edition. Well, there's three things to remember about the Togav Standard 10th Edition. It's modular. We've expanded the scope and the content that's provided and part of that expansion represents the delivery of context and domain-specific information. The Togav Standard is now made up of two fundamental building blocks. There's the fundamental content and really if you're familiar with the Togav Standard 9.2 you'll recognize the fundamental content as what we used to call the Togav Standard for up to 9.2. In addition, we've now included with this release 20 Togav Series Guides as a formal part of the standard. What difference does that make? Well, that's significant in the material that is included in the standard goes through a much more rigorous process of peer review and approval by the open group membership. Not just the members of the Architecture Forum who are involved in writing it, but the whole open group at large. The important thing about this release I guess for people to take away is that it's much expanded in terms of breadth and in depth. The way that we cope with complexity just in life is to compartmentalize and modularize things. And that's what we've done with material. So people can now take what they need and that material will be useful on a standalone basis. If you want to take one chunk of the Togav Standard and apply that in your world, you can do that. The other thing about introducing the new version of the Standard is we've dived into detail in domain topics that we've not really done before as part of the standard. So we've got content relating to agile enterprise architecture or digital transformation of digital enterprise. We've got a lot of content on business architecture. And that's driving into more detail than the standard has traditionally done. There's always been supporting material, but it's not been included as part of the standard. And this is really addressing, I think, a demand that was made apparent to us a few years ago when we started looking at what to put in the new version. So the Togav Standard 10th Edition is being presented in broadly into chunks. So if you pick up the Enabling Enterprise Agility Series Guide, what you'll get is something which helps you adapt the Togav Standard to an agile enterprise context. That's really important. A lot of people ask the question, is the Togav Standard agile? And the answer is yes and no. It really depends on how you decide to use it. That's one example of a series guide that's been published with the 10th Edition. There are 19 more and they all represent accelerators in one way or another that show you how to adapt the Togav Standard to a given context. The most important thing about how the Togav Standard is created is the fact that it's a member-driven activity. So we work with real enterprise architects from organizations around the world. The fact that we're able to create the Togav Standard through the collaboration of so many practiced architects means several things. One, what we're getting is real world opinion and real world input into how to do enterprise architecture. And the other thing that we get is we get a consensus. So what we do is like ironing out the kinks, I guess. What we get is a broad consensus view of good ways of doing things. There are outlying opinions and a lot of that might appear as a white paper.  But what you get in the Standard is a solid consensus base view of what represents a good way of doing enterprise architecture. Contributing to the creation of the Togav Standard is really easy. All you need to do is be a member of the Open Group Architecture Forum and show up to a meeting. We'll take care of everything else.


Okay, can you hear me? Hold on. Yep. Okay, cool, I can hear you too. So take a look at this. In, in, oh, let me take this off too. So in grade 10, right? You guys did mathematics and in grade 11, we talked about this as well when we were doing math, right? We said Y is equal to MX plus B, right? That was an equation of a line. Do you remember this? Okay, M is your slope and B is your Y intercept, right? You know what these means? Are you okay with this? No, the Y intercept is when the line crosses the Y axis. So basically it's this, right? If I give you this line, this is the Y intercept, right? And the slope is rise over run. So the slope, the equation for slope is is equal to M, which is rise over run. Can you see this? Is this big enough? Yeah. It's rise over run. Rise over run means, if you start off at a certain point, rise goes up. So this is rise and run is this. Okay. So whatever the distance is from here to here is called rise and whatever the distance is from here to here is called the run. Yeah, yeah, yeah, copy the stuff down. Okay. Okay. Now, how do you figure out a distance from one point to another point? What's the distance from 13 to 20? Seven point. How did you figure that out? Now think about this. The reason you knew it was seven is because your mind is super powerful, right? It can do relations, it can find patterns, and it has memory. Your mind knows how to do the calculations for small, simple numbers, right? So if I ask you what the distance is from 13 to 20, your mind automatically does that because that's familiar to you. But if I say it was the distance from 155 to 420, that's a little bit more difficult, right? So you need to know how to do it for simple numbers and mathematics allows you to extrapolate that same technique to other numbers, right? Math is scalable. Whatever you do for simple mathematical equations you also do for larger ones, right? The rules don't change. So how did you go from 13 to 20? To find the distance between two numbers, take the bigger number, subtract the smaller number. 20 minus 13 is seven. That's how you did it, right? So how do you figure out the rise of this from here to here? How do you figure out the distance from here to here? You take the, because on a coordinate system, if I ask you what the coordinates are there, that's x and y, right? It's two dimensional. This is your x-axis, right? This is your y-axis, agreed? So to be able to put a point on a graph, you need an x and a y, okay? The x tells you where you are along the x-axis. The y tells you where you are on the y-axis, right? So if you want to figure out what the distance is vertically, you're talking about the y's, right? And that y is this number, and this y is this number here. We'll call this y1, we'll call this y2, right? So the rise, how do you figure out the distance from here to here? What's the equation to figure out the distance from here to here? So to figure out the distance from here to here, you have to know this y and you have to know this y, right? So if this was, so how do you figure out the distance from 20 to 13? Subtract, so how do you figure out the distance from there to there? Subtract, that's the bigger number, y2 minus y1. We don't care what it is, whatever it is, because this is generic, right? So the rise is y2 minus y1, and the run, the run is talking about the x-value, right? The run is the x-value because that's this way, right? So how do you figure out the distance this way? Well, you go, your x1 is this guy here, right? From here to here, agree? And this number here, x2. So how do you figure out the distance from there to there? How do you figure out what the run is? Yeah, subtract what? x2 from x1, because this is a bigger number, right? x2 minus x1. This is a slope, you did this like four years ago, I guess now, right? So easy, so easy, and it will come back because it's in your memory. Now, keep in mind, math is symmetrical, right? So basically the way you remember this is you say the slope of something is just rise over run, and how do you figure out rise? That's the y, so you just got to subtract one y from the other y. It doesn't necessarily have to be the big one from the small one, it could be small one from the big one, right? But math is symmetrical, so if you put this guy, the first number to be y2, that number has to be x2, okay? So what you have here is, this point here is, is x1, y1, right? x1, y1, and this point here is x2, y2. So if I ask you to give me the distance, give me the slope for any two points, any two points, you don't even have to have a graphical representation. What if I ask you to give me the slope for negative two and five and four and negative seven? How would you find the slope between these two points? Subtract, subtract what from what? You wanna find the slope, the m, which is rise over run, right? What's the rise? How do you find the rise? Subtract the, yeah, the y values, the y values go up top because that's vertical, rise, right? So what would I write? Minus negative seven divided by, so negative two, yeah. Yeah, right? So, well, I'll check this out. What's a negative and a negative? Positive, so these guys are positive, so your slope, yeah, this is like this. So this becomes, this becomes five plus seven is 12 over negative two minus four is negative six, right? So the slope is 12 divided by negative six is negative two. Well, no, negative two. It has to be negative because the bottom's negative, right? I was just doing the math, you didn't mean that, right? So what can you tell me about this if the slope is negative? If you read those questions again in your assignment, if the slope is negative, then it's inverse, I guess the way they were wording it, it was an inverse relationship, right? It's also sloping down. Right? No, maybe like this, going down because that's a negative slope, that's a reverse. Are you okay with this? You sure? Do you want to take a screenshot of it or anything? Okay, okay, cool, you got it. Yeah, write an example. Whenever you want to learn a method of mathematics, write the example, right? Examples are huge, huge. Yeah, repetition helps, right? Okay, now keep this in mind. Are you okay with this so far? Yeah. Now, the way the question that you did, the way they worded it, this is the way they taught it to you in grade 10, but the way they worded it, they changed things around a little bit. So I'm going to erase this. I'm going to keep this here, ready? Okay, let me rewrite this again, right? So the way you've learned it in grade 10 and 11 in high school basically is y is equal to mx plus b. Y is equal to mx plus b, right? Agree? Now we know what m is, now we know what b is. The way that question was worded was this. Y is equal to b, they didn't even write it as b. They wrote it as a plus bx, right? And they said b is equal to slope and b is less than, oops, b is less than zero, right? So right away, they're telling you b is negative. So b is changed from this b, right? Which is, they're using the wrong, like everybody going through high school learns it this way. Everybody in Canada going through high school learns it this way. As far as I know, everybody in the United States learning the equation of a line goes through this way. But this econ course is given you to this way. So right there, you have to have your guard up, right? They tell you b is negative right away, but that's positive. So you've learned when m is positive, it's going like this. When m is negative, it's going like this. It's a downward slope, right? So when m, when the slope is positive, it goes like this. So let's just say m positive. And when the slope is negative, it goes like this, right? Now these guys are saying b is the slope now. So what you have to do is completely adjust your thinking from here, not completely, but you have to think about the slope as b, b and b. And what you need to do is adjust your original equation that you learned from. You did three years of math on and do it like this, right? So the first question was, what was the first question? Was b negative or something? Whatever it was, right? So does this make sense? Okay, yeah. So what you've learned in high school is there. It's the core essence of what you're being taught, but they may rearrange things, okay?  Okay, what else? What are the questions you have? Oh yeah, let's plug it in. So, y is 10, right? So 10, we're going by this equation, right? What is the value of x, right? So they're asking you here, what's x? If y is 10, right? Let me write this down. They're basically asking you, what's x if y is equal to 10? And then what was the other ones? Bring back that screen. What is it? b, b is negative 0.75. And a is 40, right? So in mathematics, the name of the game is if you have one unknown, you need one equation to solve it. If you have two unknowns, you need two equations to solve it. If you have three unknowns, you need three equations. Four unknowns, you need four equations, so on and so forth, right? So right now, in this equation that they've given us, there are four variables. y, a, b, x, right? They're giving the values for three of them. That means one of them we're not going to know. And if we plug in these values for the three wherever they belong, we can solve for the unknown because we have one unknown and without one equation. So all you do is just plug in the values, right? So 10 is equal to a is 40 plus b is negative 0.75. Negative 0.75 x. Are you okay with this? So all you do now is solve for this. I would bring the 40 over minus 40. So that's negative 30 is equal to negative 0.75 x. So what do you do now? So have you forgotten how to do this? Let's do this more in depth. I'm going to erase some of these, okay? Okay, let's erase those. Let's make a little bit of more room, all right? So they gave us y is 10, b is negative 0.75 and a was 40, right? Okay, and we don't need this anymore because we know this, right? Actually we'll leave it up there. So basically plug in these values. So 10 is equal to 40 because a is 40 plus b is negative this. Negative 0.75 and x, right? So basically when you want to solve for something, it means get whatever variable is here in the equation, whatever letter you have left over by itself or whatever you're trying to solve for by itself, right? So what we need to do is get x by itself. So when you're trying to get x by itself, what you got to do is do the opposite of bed mass, right? Because when you're simplifying, when you're crunching terms, you do bed mass, which is brackets, exponents. Remember this, bed mass, bed mass, right? So brackets, exponents, division, multiplication, these have the same weight, addition, subtraction, these have the same weight, right? You do bed mass when you're crunching, right? But when you're solving, you do the opposite of bed mass. You do subtraction addition first, multiplication, division, and then exponents and brackets. So you go this way. When you're crunching, you go this way. When you're solving, you go this way, right? And crunching basically simplifying means they give you an expression, there is no equal sign in the question and you're just simplifying, right? So we've got to get rid of, we've got to undo what's being done to the X, right? So how do we undo what's being done to the X? Well, before we can get to the X, we have to get rid of the 40 on this side. How do you get rid of 40 on this side? Yeah, subtract 40, subtract 40. Now, I like to reduce the things I do, but I like it to be visual. So instead of subtracting 40, I just go like this, grab it and draw an arrow over. And if I jump over an equal sign, the sign changes. That's subtraction you're adding, right? Yeah, so what is it? Yeah, exactly, right? So 10 minus 40 is negative 30, right? And what we got left here is negative 0.75X. So we're still trying to get X by itself, right? What's being done to the X here? Multiply it by negative 0.75, right?  So to undo something, you got to do the opposite of what's being done to it. And the equal sign says if you do something on one side, you got to do it to the other side. So divide this side by negative 0.75, divide this side by negative 0.075. You're okay with this? So this kills this. What's negative divided by negative? It's positive, right? So, yeah, they cancel each other out. So what's 30 divided by 0.75? Use a calculator if you want. So X is equal to, what is it? We can do it manually, but I don't want to bring fractions into this yet. Let's cover the basics, 40. And that was what the answer was, right? I agree, does that make sense? Yeah, if you want to take a screenshot of it or something, that way it's all there, it's like notes for you, right?


It is our duty to fight for our freedom. It is our duty to win. We must love each other and support each other. We have nothing to lose but our chains. This is a liturgy for our people. This is a liturgy for all the people. It is our duty to bring the freedom of heaven to earth, to love one another, and to lose and loose the chains of sin, shame and depression.


Everybody forced here upping two boxes for 2022 archive six series baseball. This is the active player edition for Chrissy. Thanks, Chris Good luck. I am shot. I've been at the shop today since 1 p.m. I've been here for just about 13 hours now Got a Kyle Lewis auto to 83 I'll lose 83. I'm not getting coffee. I gotta be up tomorrow at a reasonable time. I can't stay up too much later and Mike Soroka to 98 future stars there There you go, Chris. Thanks again. Get it right out to you


This is the story of Prunus Africana, a tree that grows only in the mountain areas of Africa. Also known as Pyjium, or African Stinkwood, the bark from this tree has become over the past 40 years a lucrative product on global markets. Prunus bark is used to treat prostate problems in men. As a result, over-harvesting of bark from wild prunus trees led to concerns about the future of the tree and nowhere more so than in the Central African country of Cameroon. Overwhelming evidence that the bark harvest was highly unsustainable led the European Union in 2007 to ban the importation of bark harvested from prunus trees in Cameroon. Then in 2011, pressure from the private sector and from the Cameroon government led to the ban being lifted. It was replaced by quotas for bark harvesting in major producing regions and a management plan that was supposed to ensure sustainable exploitation of the tree. But now scientists from the Centre for International Forestry Research, or C4, as well as their counterparts in a host of other organisations are expressing strong concerns about this plan and the long-term sustainability of the wild prunus harvest. This is the village of Mapanja, high on the slopes of Mount Cameroon. At over four kilometres above sea level, this mountain in southwest Cameroon is one of the highest peaks in Africa. It's with pride that these harvesters of the precious bark from wild prunus trees invite us into the forests around to show us how they work. Although they are primarily farmers, they have received training on bark harvesting. Pius Ngombe Livonjo is a harvester supervisor and a member of the Mount Cameroon prunus union or MOCAP. Before anyone is allowed to start collecting bark from a tree, he has to decide whether it is mature enough and certify that it has reached the dimensions laid out by national and international policy makers for bark harvesting. This means the trunk should have a diameter of at least 30 centimetres and the tree should show no sign of trauma or ill health. Harvesters are permitted to remove only two quarters that constitute not more than half of the bark up to the first branches. Trees with trunks measuring more than 50 centimetres are divided into eight squares, four of which are removed. A strategy intended to prevent the tree from dying and to allow it to recover from the loss of its bark. Each tree that is designated ready for harvest is given a tag number and a GPS location so it can be traced. As a research assistant with the Limbe Botanic Gardens, in 1999 we carried out a research on prunus and one of the major findings we had during this time was the poor harvesting method. The barks were stripped from the base right to the branches and we found a lot of dead prunus trees in the field. The death of these trees is as a consequence of total debacking. So all the stakeholders around the Mount Kamaung region are looking away forward for the management of sustainable prunus africana tree. A tree like this prunus africana was felled down years ago by unsustainable harvesters due to unsustainable management of the resource. Felling the tree or killing it by stripping it of all its bark were not uncommon practices in much of the range of the species before the 2007 import ban by the European Union on bark from Kamaung's prunus trees. And these were practices that, had they continued, would surely and rapidly have led to the disappearance of the species. In recognition of this threat to prunus, in 1998 the International Union for the Conservation of Nature, or IUCN, put prunus on its red list as a vulnerable species. In 2006, CITES, or the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, listed its bark as a protected product and designated tree populations in much of Africa as needing urgent attention. This listing helped reduce the immediate threat to the tree and it also increased public awareness of the problems posed by the international trade in prunus bark. As a condition for the lifting of the ban from the European Union on importing prunus bark from Cameroon, a host of additional measures were taken by the Cameroonian government who were intended to protect the tree. An inventory of the tree was undertaken and it was on this basis that the authorities decided on a quota for how much prunus bark Cameroon could export without a risk to the survival of the species. But after the bark exports resumed, scientists realized that the inventory was flawed and that the quota was based on an overestimation of the population of wild prunus trees in Cameroon. The quota that we used, we had been using as a walking reference is not really realistic. The ongoing harvest of prunus bark for export from Cameroon is almost exclusively from wild trees and therein, according to the scientific community, lies the problem. Scientific studies have shown that no matter what precautions are taken no matter what techniques are used to harvest the bark some trees never recover and eventually die. During the studies I did on prunus africanum some years ago I realized that 60% of wild prunus was over exploited. We know that to rely on the naturalist talk with the information the data we have now which shows clearly that the naturalist talk is not really heavy enough to really support an economically viable venture. That is why we are thinking that the best bet is to see how they can support or promote on-farm domestication. As a conservator I believe that domestication of trees is a bonus for conservation. Cuttings grow faster than seedlings and in 12-year time the active ingredient is present in planted material. So if you combine this improved material with other food crops definitely you have agroforestry and you live on other products while waiting for your prunus tree to start producing. The decline of the population of wild prunus is a threat to the magnificent landscape and the whole ecosystem of these mountain areas which are its natural habitat. This tree is important not just for the medicines it produces for human needs. Its fruits are also a crucial food source for several bird species and rare primates including monkeys such as proises guenon. In the lofty heights of Cameroon's stunning mountainous regions that are home to prunus africana local populations have been gradually mastering and applying the techniques developed by scientists to domesticate and cultivate the tree on farmland. For years now tree nurseries have been popping up all over supported by dynamic farming unions and small groups of farmers. Here on the ground the building of local capacity and the transfer of technology are not mere slogans or notions but tangible realities. Here in the centre we train farmers on vegetative propagation technologies that mean grafting, macotina, routine of curtains. Mjepito seems a little lost and perplexed. For 20 years and with encouragement from several government organisations and NGOs his farmer now in his 60s has cultivated prunus africana. The trees are now mature and ready for their bark to be harvested but Mr Mjepito is unable to sell the bark from his trees. He's blocked by the listing of the species by CITES the organisation that controls global trade in environmentally endangered fauna and flora. Community, during the past 30 years have been encouraged by both the government by both local CITES authority in Cameroon by the ministry in Church of Forestry by local NGO in Church of Conservation to plant prunus as a means to protect prunus in a while. Now 30 years after they have trees that have arrived maturity. It's just normal that this community that has spent time giving out land to plant these particular species be rewarded. You can cultivate your prunus but the problem is that we don't need to forget that what population, what material are conserved in the forest. That's why CITES is quite, they are hesitating for what to do with cultivated prunus africana. We are not able to make it beneficiary for the local communities to really sustainably harvest. We are risking that they might go back to other ways and means of harvesting the prunus africana. We will fight. We are of the opinion that prunus from farm should have an equal value and be commercialised at international level. If prunus bark in Cameroon was sourced only from cultivated trees and by farmers who plant and nurture them the producers would benefit from the added income and the higher price paid for bark in traceable supply chains from the farm to the global market. Winful profits that currently end up in the hands of a tiny elite few that benefit from the bark harvest from wild prunus trees would instead be shared among thousands of prunus producers and the invaluable trees would continue to flourish in wild stands and provide breeding stock for prunus trees that farmers cultivate on their land. A win-win-win situation for human health, the prunus tree and the mountain landscapes of Cameroon.


Diffusion is one of the ways to get through directly through the cell membrane, but it's just one of the many. However, those principles of concentration gradients drive everything that we're gonna talk about today. If something goes down the concentration gradient, it is easy, it rolls, it doesn't require any extra energy input because the moving molecules provide the energy to make it happen. All strategies that do not require extra energy input are passive strategies. And I'm gonna summarize all the ways that we get through the cell membrane in this little visual here and then we're gonna go into each specific example. You can imagine if we have a passive approach or a passive set of ways of getting through the cell membrane, we also have active strategies for getting through the cell membrane. Everything will fall into one of those categories. During passive transport, molecules move through the cell membrane because all of this is about going through the cell membrane. They move through the cell membrane down a concentration gradient. Done. Period. Which means what is true about the active strategy? The molecules, molecules move up or against the concentration gradient. I'm gonna put the word against because that's how I describe it. If something moves against the concentration gradient, it's gonna require energy. It's gonna require extra, extra energy. And it's also going to require, it's also going to require a carrier. And maybe I should say here really fast. Carriers, carriers are proteins. And I want to say they're like protein machines that carry things through the cell membrane. Active transport, if you're gonna move something against a concentration gradient, you can't do that directly through the cell membrane. You need a machine to help you do that. That's what a carrier is. It's that machine. Passive transport is different, right? Because we actually have, we already talked about that we don't need no extra energy is needed. And a great question, I should write this down before I move on to the next topic. A great question would be, what is the energy source for passive diffusion? Because there has to be some sort of energy source. It's the kinetic energy of the molecules themselves bumping into each other. And it causes those molecules to spread out and move away from all the other molecules that are like them. So we don't have to put in extra energy. We can just rely on that kinetic energy that they have two types of passive transport. We have simple diffusion. That's just directly through the cell membrane. And that's what we just, we talked about diffusion. Small things and lipophilic things, hydrophobic things can diffuse right through the cell membrane. That's simple diffusion. But we also have facilitated diffusion. Key word here is diffusion because but it's facilitated. So what do you think is true now? We actually have two flavors of facilitated diffusion. You can have facilitated diffusion through a channel, which is like a tunnel, or through a carrier. And guess what? You know I'm going to talk to you about channels, carriers, and the difference between facilitated diffusion carriers and active transport carriers. Not entirely done with active transport because there actually are two kinds of active transport. Both of them require carriers. We have primary, active, transport. And if we had primary, what else do we have? Secondary, active, transport. All active transport requires an energy source because we're moving molecules against their concentration gradient. All active transport requires a carrier protein to move those molecules. Not all passive transport requires that carrier protein. Facilitated diffusion can use a carrier or it can use a channel. And simple diffusion doesn't need anybody. I don't need any help to get through the cell membrane if the thing is small or lipophilic. I have to say I'm slow so I can think through and make sure I've picked the right word. Now we get to look at, I'm going to show you all the things we're going to talk about specifically. We're going to talk about channels. We're going to talk about carriers for facilitated diffusion. Carriers are very similar. Carriers are similar but some of the carriers carry out facilitated diffusion and other carriers do primary active transport and secondary active transport. So we have four topics that we're going to talk about that this framework is going to frame for us.


Hey everyone, welcome back to another counterside video. Today's video, we're going to be featuring the update and a little bit of a discussion and unit review after we discuss all the things for the update for October 17th. So there's a new content event. And to start it off, we have a new episode, number one, Unbreakable Flowers, event missions and ship a shop on lock. Number two would be your new ship, which is Albion and it will be released tomorrow as well. Number three, we have new gameplay. Yes guys, we have Shadow Palace 4. I was actually expecting this December, but you know, Christmas came early and we have it tomorrow. And also a challenge mode, act number three unlocked as well. So a lot of things to do tomorrow guys, a lot of things to feature. Please stay tuned for my guide for Shadow Palace, free to play as much as possible. Number four is going to be your new challenges. The alt squad is here and Chloe's credit search unlocked as well. Number five, skins. So new wedding March skins released. So Rosario Lifried and Veronica. So timing Veronica is gonna be out tomorrow as well and she gets her wedding skin. So I'll take a look at that tomorrow and see if it's worth the purchase. Number six is going to be a 10 on this wedding. Thank you gift also for tomorrow. Number seven is new normal recruitment Veronica, probability up. So this is what we're getting tomorrow. After this I'm gonna do a review with Veronica and with Albion. But before that we have number eight, normal recruitment as well. So these are rerun banners that you might want to get unless if you have them. It's going to be Shaolin and Sigma return. Number nine is going to be added tuning binary, special packages, set binary, special packages, Eternum special package, info special package and lifetime contract, special package, a lot of packages guys. So number 10 is going to be danger close again and new season starts. So do get on with that tomorrow and the last in the update is going to be number 11, buff gear tuning, precision, set options, change credit discount plus 20. Okay so that is it for the update tomorrow. A lot of things to do tomorrow and look forward to my other videos for tomorrow. But now we're not done yet. We're going next to our employee guide to see if these new units ships are actually good. So we have here Albion. So it's an SSR cruiser. Okay, so Albion is actually used as a assault ship or a rush ship for rush teams. Okay, so passive generates a bar around an ally equals to 12% of their max HP, 16% for pride when institution units, skill fires and improve visually disruptive missile, adding stealth and greatly increases evasion to ally units within a selected range for eight seconds, affects damage on enemies, inflicts damage on enemies, levitates them for a moment and decreases their hit by 99%. Definitely for rush teams. Ultimate fires a deadly iron condenser at enemies leviting them with knockback. Decreases affected enemies incoming healing by 100 for 15 seconds as well. Immediate impact on the metaphor this ship. Gonna be top tier for PVP. Personally, I don't use that much rush components but definitely I'm scared for this one. This is going to be a game changer for those of you guys out there who are actually into rush teams for a counter side. This is going to help your game out tremendously. Okay, this ship, sorry, this ship, not ship. This ship is actually not, I'm not gonna say not used but it's rarely used in PVP. So future proofness is currently good to go in PVP ship in KR for rush comps. Okay, so is it worth building? So if you are particularly a player which has a rush component for PVP, then this is a must for you. For those who are playing PVP, but are not into rush teams, you might have to think it over depending on your priorities. Definitely if you're not into PVP guys, do not get this ship, especially if you are free to play and you actually mostly do PvE and do not concentrate so much in PVP. Okay, so also another note here, to unlock the recipe, you will need to clear Act 3 of challenge mode. So those are the tips to acquire Albion. Next is going to be our new unit. So we have here Veronica, again Veronica, another striker, we've had a lot of strikers come our way already the last new banners are strikers. And again, another striker in our hands. So this is a Far cost striker for Veronica. So she's a Berserker type. She is similar to Alex. I remember Alex, the previous one. And she gets stronger as her HP gets, you know, goes down. So, but she has more oomph than Alex because her immortality when her HP goes down to one, but again, that's a buff. She can, you know, we can debuff that, but again, that is still a tremendous buff to have. Okay, for KR PVP scores, she is actually a nine out of 10. She's great in some stages, that's PvE, but not really otherwise. Again, she is going to be good in PvE, but not really a game changer. So, she is going to be useful more in PvP, which she's actually scoring in nine, actually nine PvE, nine PvP. But again, I see her, you know, I see she's going to be more frequently used in PvP. So again, the buff of hers for immortality is going to be again, another headache to deal with for those of you who are actually climbing up PvP. So is she worth pulling for, future proof? Yes, definitely, definitely try to pull for her. I only have around 30, 30 employment contracts, and I hope I'll get her from there. I'm not sure, I'm not really sure if I'm going to get her there, but hopefully I can. Okay, basic attack fires a shotgun, knocking enemies backwards with AOE damage. That's her basic attack, so knockback and AOE. Her passive, her body automatically performs her skills from the past as she nears death. Her attack is actually, is up by 50% inverse to her proportion, sorry inverse proportion to her HP. So as her HP goes down, her attacks goes up. That is actually just a simple explanation. At skill level five, damage resistance is a plus 30% for 12 seconds when she is deployed. So take note of that. Bursting her, special 20 seconds, charges forward, pushes targets as she goes, and then fires a shotgun, inflicting AOE damage. At skill level five, valid hits is a plus one. True skill damage during Rasta Blasta buff. Okay, last is her ultimate, sorry. Last is Rasta Blasta passive. This is her passive or ultimate? Not sure, she has two passives. Okay, she's a soldier. Sorry, forgot about that. She's a soldier by the way. So good for soldier comms as well. So I failed to mention that and she's for cost. So I actually just assumed that she is a counter, but again, good news for soldier comms out there. So again, she has two passives. Rasta Blasta, her loyalty towards her master helps her defy death, gains immortality for seven seconds, which is a long time guys when her HP drops to 1% or lower and delivers enhanced basic attack during immortality. At skill level five, buff duration is a plus three seconds, enhanced basic attack and valid hits and additional plus one. So that is it guys. That is what we have for tomorrow's updates. Looking forward to pull for Veronica despite 30 tickets. That will be a pain if I don't get her in 30, but hopefully crossing my fingers, I could get her tomorrow. So again, new ship, new unit, new events, a lot of surprises and a lot of guides for you tomorrow guys in terms of counter side. Hope that you, you know, take a look at that. And also guys, for those who are here and have not subscribed yet, please do subscribe because this helps my channel a lot. And also guys, don't forget to click that bell icon while you're subscribed. And also don't forget to like this video. Thank you guys, stay safe. Take care. I'm Jordan and I'm out of here.