We were waiting on up in the slob how you doing what's that not good why's that so we got our frog with us today that's all we're gonna be throwing we got a new pond right here I have never been to this body of water before this is actually a part of Florida that I'm in that I just haven't been to in a very long time I've never bass fished over here this is a pond that I don't know if it even has bass but I will tell you we wanted to do some frog fishing today if you all have been looking at the channel you guys know I have just been addicted to frog fishing recently that's like all I've been doing the last month or so and I've just been having so much fun with you guys seem to love the frog fishing videos so now we're bringing into a pond we've been on the boat a lot the last couple months now we're at a pond today and that's the game plan the frog that I'm using is a little bit different than the one I've been catching them on the last month you know the one I've been using it's more of like a yellowish top with a white bottom this one's got an orange yellow bottom with a green top this is a standard pop frog nothing crazy but yeah I picked out this pond because you guys can tell when you walk up here that there's a good bit of slop and there's a little bit of slop in that corner I can almost tell you I'm gonna get slammed if there's fish in here in that corner that looks so juicy yeah we're gonna go ahead and get started and see if we can catch some fish in here hopefully there's even bass in this pond and just overall have a good day today guys hit the like button you guys have been enjoying the content subscribe to the channel if you guys haven't already hit the notification bell comment down below and share this video with a friend it really helps out the channel let's go ahead and get after it there was actually a boil up there I don't know what that was didn't seem like a bass boil we are out here pretty early this morning too not extremely early but it's like almost eight o'clock right now so we got we got a little early start not extra early but something we should get slammed right there guys that's like one of those cast it just you just get destroyed on up in look at that dude oh is he still on yeah yes oh it's like a two pounder are you serious okay that that was just insane first of all we have made what two cast in this pond secondly look at how he freaking ate it and thirdly that fish didn't even hit it guys you I literally my frog landed in that corner and it was just already in his mouth it was gone what a way to start the video guys frog fishing one of those things that's not the easiest bait to catch fish on and I just freaking look at that cut myself but um man we got a fish right off the rip about a two pounder right here can't complain he's right there in that corner where he should have been I mean that that's textbook right there that that should have held a fish and it did so and this pond has fish and it seems like it's got some healthy ones alright baby you're beautiful thank you for buying you got our day started let's go baby that was quick that's what we're talking about look at them boil right there I just cannot believe how that fish ate it guys I actually it was the weirdest thing because I threw up there and I felt it like it was a worm I never even saw them come up and eat it's weird man very odd I don't think there's another fish up in there so that's one of those things where you find a little patch like this guys you'll probably get one bite but the chances of you getting another bite in a small patch like that is very slim even if the patch looks really good but a small patch like that it's just once a fish blows up and kind of eat some and you're jacking them out of that stuff there's other fish aren't gonna bite if there is another one up there with them but we're gonna go down this kind of kind of be more cast you know there's a good bit of lay downs give it a grasp over here we should get a couple bites and stuff very disappointed in this frog by the way very disappointed it's just not these frogs have not been standing over the surface these are the ones I got at best bro I feel he's just hit or miss like you'll buy a frog and sink look at that right there dude oh my god guys we are gonna get on a freaking frog bite today I've been just oh I've just been cranking this frog that's a small one but man I'll take them that is awesome right there the beautiful little fish nothing big I'm no problem frog thank you it's fish number two guys I mean we just literally just got started that's why I'm just like man I'm excited let's go I know there's some bigger ones in here guys we got I want to get a four to five six pounder today that would just be that would put the icing on the cake by the way guys I'm actually using this is I kind of nicknamed this the Christmas combo is kind of funny because I got a mock smash on Mach 2 but I'm usually using my kicking combo but I got to put new braid on it so if you guys do want to check out any of the kick in their bass TV ex lose combos are the green rods that I use on the beautiful prolescent ones they're only available on my website kicking their bass calm add a lot of people you know I talk about them like every video guys but I have a lot of people always comment down below you know which rod is that I'm like I talk about every video but I just got to put it out there so if you guys want to check them out click in their bass calm I really appreciate everybody who supports me in the brand it helps me out tremendously guys especially with all this traveling it's great especially with gas prices right now everyone who supports me on the website it means more than you guys know that was a while this this is this is not like a golf course guys it's kind of away from the golf course but they are just teeing off right there that was funny you guys see that thing we're gonna just smack the water next to us this whole area it's just kind of shallow in this pond warmer frog fishing that really don't matter that's what we really want is that shallow water it's just kind of I don't know I wish there was more cover more vegetation there's a little bit more grass and what there is that point looks so good there's just a lot of wind going up on it my gosh I'm so far away guys so far away I couldn't even get get the hook now I can even feel them on there you might not eat it all the way but it's a long cast this one thing of the frog especially if you don't have a big thick heavy rod you know this cast every tough you should eat that again it's crazy oh my goodness here we go we're gonna get slammed I feel it we're in that tree we're going right through the middle of it that just sucks guys we had two bites like like these these are fish I could catch you know what I mean I just got to be up on it more I'm freaking beaming across the pond with this dang thing I got no leverage on this fish they have all the leverage on me that's a rock two different times I have bites right there there's a two different fish let's see let's go guys we were cranking the frog today I hope you guys are enjoying it as far as you are hit the freaking like button man this frog fish is a lot of fun we're about to flop him up on the bank let's go baby look at that pretty frog bass nothing big but he's he's something he's still a frog fish you gotta love it thank you buddy let's you go swim back to your home here we go fish number three come on make that number four baby there's got to be bigger ones guys don't don't let these little small ones full of she messed up my frog bad a little turd you little turd number four you're a twinkie thank you though yeah man he did his job gotta love it look at the frog though what do he just do to me this should be fixed if not I got another two brand new frogs blue too this is so weird I've never seen a frog invert like that like that bad you know I mean this is crazy here we go your boys got a little bit of brains man he's got it figured out frog is okay well that's for fish guys for fish on the frog probably about six bites total and not complain with that man I'm having a good time it's a good little shady bank too there should be another one here and you know I know the last couple we caught were small guys but I really have high hopes in this place I think we could potentially get into a big one I it feels good this place just feels right to me oh my god that was a big boy he's coming up he's coming up on my frog I'm just I just killed it dude I know you're up oh look at him look at him that's that that's a good one guys let's throw that kid why didn't eat it I was like the one boy with this whole time guys I just seemed like I had some size to him like that that fish even if he wasn't big I mean he was a solid two-pounder I thought I thought there was one following me and that was my mistake we are just we're giving up a lot of bites right here guys I'm catching them we're giving up a good bit of fish okay one there's gators in this pond and two that Gator ate something very big I don't know what he just ate but it was large okay that sucker bit down on it was there a squirrel or something dude I'm telling you that thing ate something big I need to be careful now I'm thinking about I did not think there'd be gators in here but hey we in Florida man every pond you go to probably there's a good chance there's gators they're gonna find it I was like what in the world is that I thought this fish school and about to get up on all twos and start running should be one right here in this corner guys good shade too right there good shade some decent grass little pocket oh he came off I was actually a two-pounder too I was probably our second biggest today he did the same thing as that first fish it hit the water and it was gone wow which makes sense he was right there on that pipe there might be another one that's just unfortunate came off sometimes on these rocks guys you're gonna lose some fish it's just it's part of it you know it is part of it oh my god okay there is Gatorson right there he freakin ate a carp dude look at the carcass right here he destroyed him brother that's that's actually impressive that's a big car too man there's oh gosh look at that boil is that a carp or was that a bass man watch out for that gator man he's just gonna sit on that big piece of meat after like we're about to come up on some grass it's gonna be money but you know I was just thinking in my head these bait specific videos like the frog only and these other ones it always makes me wonder like if I was throwing something else one you know what what would we expect like I could be thrown out in the middle catch of five hounders right now in Chattergon you know what I mean I don't know and who knows I could be wrong what it's like when you go to new places like this it always has me wondering I'm like man I'm like limiting myself to one bait that's the whole point of this like video and whole point of the series is to have you know we're only allowed to throw a frog you know that's the whole purpose so which keeps it very fun and entertaining but let's see if we can get a couple in this patch right here this looks so good before I hit that patch I'm gonna throw on this no way you just nodded me we got this we got this guys yeah that's the worst of the frog I'm trying to get it wet maybe it won't stay oh my god I got it freaking good oh my gosh that would have sucked if I had to go all the way back just three times this let's see if I can catch this fish he destroyed it guys that was a good bite this is gonna be a good bank there's a bunch of boils like past this I just he should he should have bit it if I could have like thrown right back in there that's a guarantee fish guys like that that right there guarantee guarantee to catch it dude that's a decent one right there did you see me you're right under my frog oh he's gonna eat it dude he's looking at me and I'm looking at him wish to wish to dude that was so cool can't be it can't be it now that's what I call Vanessa in a frog that was so sweet even though he kicked up a bunch of mud on me little dirty boy little pounder thank you buddy think that's fish number five been a second since we landed when we've hooked a lot we just haven't been able to land them on the bank another cool talking point is just kind of like paying attention to your surroundings like that right there I would have never caught that fish if I wasn't paying attention and saw him swimming there I will say too when I saw him come up on the bank like when he was falling in my frog is one of those things I could have assumed that he wasn't gonna eat it but I still stuck there and I worked with him you know what I mean I didn't give up I kept popping that frog working it keeping them interested in it and he committed you know another bass pulled up bass or predators bass or competitive you know when that other bass pulled up it kind of probably enticed that fish to eat that frog you know he was like oh I want frog I'm not gonna let you have the frog that's just how bass thinks so you know that could have helped with that bite too that was pretty neat to see that was awesome man that's about a pound and a half or I'm just losing so many of these fish that's the best by like when you throw up there and you just hear that smack and then all sudden just freaking destroys it I thought for sure had that fish man I think that was gonna happen I think he was gonna come off I had him pretty solid I'll leave that how you doing what's that not good why is that all right we're out on a new lake now you know we got kicked out by the cops on that last one or pond fishing today we're on Fletcher Bogey fletcher with us what's going on a little bit of frog fishing so we're skipping up under some trees today trying to see what we can do so get it started follow it out or not dude that's a good one he joked it too oh my gosh that's a big deal we how he ate it that's a freaking beast that's really is a pretty good one we don't really catch a whole lot of like giants in here you know I mean dude he's just thick I got fishes every bit of high three oh yeah all day she didn't hit four but look at her body man this is a brute that's a freaking meatball dude bro big and still is taking the lead big ins are choking it bigger than the last one oh my gosh that's a four pounder look at this oh baby wow okay all right whoa all right don't get too happy over there oh man those are freaking big ins dude good thing we're not doing a tournament I know I only had two bites but they're both three to four pounds this is getting dicey and spicy oh my gosh he's pulling away he's pulling away come on pawpaw you got it yeah that's not a big and that's two pounder hey they all count we're just going for numbers here hey I'm four away that's what we were waiting I ain't gonna lie man I know this is a whoever gets seven fish but dude I had some freaking good one this is my fourth one three of them are freaking big hey at least if we're not getting a lot of bites we're getting quality bites I know look at that bone by the thing how about to say man how I mean I'm getting it up there my house or not a fish up there this is for a frame of reference guys the last time we caught a fish is about three hours ago literally I mean it has been a drag to get some bites today well there we go guys there's my fourth fish it's four to two now fourth bass and it's a freaking nice one three out of four mine have been over three pounds I'm just catching the good ones


wine increase dramatically in the Chinese market so last two years in 2016 we had some 85% growth in 2017 we have same number so Chinese market become number third market by the volume of the Georgia and wine which we sell there and and by the price of the Georgia and wine they become number second and for sure we will continue the trade with them and because it's a huge market for us and we would like to utilize this opportunity to trade with them in regard of the investment Chinese behind the United States for sure only in last 10 years United States invest in our country around 800 million and all investment of the Chinese in our country is around 350 million but right now they are quite active from four industrial free trades on two belongs to them in the Kutaisi and other is in the Poti and they are quite active so we can see in the future the activities of China but we don't think that it can be a threat for us so the visitors from China last year we had some 14,000 people only and from United States we had some 42,000 people so I think that the United States is quite ahead in relation with China but still we need to deepen and strengthen our relation in regard of the economic one and for sure the support what we get from United States is far, far ahead from relation what we have from China but still the initiative the initiative of the One Belt One Road is very important and why for Georgia is very important because there is five principles of physical coexistence of the countries along the Silk Road and these five principles are very important the first principle is not interfering of internal matters of the countries the second principle is the respect of sovereignty and territorial integrity but these two let's say the principles are very important to us so you know that we have the territorial problems 20% of our territory is occupied and not interference and sovereignty and territorial integrity is very important the second thing is very important that how we see the countries and the ability of the countries along the Silk Road that the Georgia can be the complement and can be the beneficial of the whole Silk Road so we are not the competitors of the countries who has the gas and oil so far away from it so we don't have the gas we don't have an oil so the Azerbaijan and all other countries in Central Asia they are the gas and oil producers we are not if we look far a little bit far away on the Mongolia on the China and other countries so we are also not competitors so we can provide let's say the very good platform to create some joint ventures and etc but and can be the complementary and benefit find the synergies of it so this is how we see it right now I talked to exact numbers of the visitors I talked to tell exact numbers of numbers of the investment and and trade but still the Georgia is the relatively small countries so we are only 3.7 million citizens so this is the all the country and the territory of the Georgia is all territory of the Georgia including the occupied territories is 70,000 square kilometers and you cannot allow yourself we don't have the luxury to be the protectionists we don't have such kind of luxury because the country is too small as soon as you will start the protectionist it means the pressure on the inflation as well as the quality on the small country so the only way to to support the competitiveness of the country is the open up and we are very open economy right now for sure some part of the economy struggled from it and for sure the producers are all the time complaining that even the European Union as soon as we open up the one factory of the sugar producer is stopped and 600 people right now are looking to the jobs but still we think that the government should think how the government can create the new jobs for that people but not be the protectionist so and we are thinking right now to create the new sustainable way of new jobs in that region particularly and maybe we will ask even the European Union to support us to create these new jobs but for sure not to close the borders and on that case I would like to go to the unemployment the unemployment is really huge so and if you are aware about the last data because of the census of 2014 the statistics department recount the unemployment rate and in 2017 the unemployment rate was 13.9% still the trend starting from I don't know 2012 is decreasing dramatically from 17.8% to 13.9% but the challenge is huge there and I would like to explain the challenge even when we are talking about 13.9% unemployment employment 47% are self-employed and working on the rural area and they are only creating 8% of our GDP so and this is the real issue and talking about this issue for sure we are working to tackle this issue and the DCFTA facility as well as the USID support on the rural area development as well another import program from the European Union on the rural area development SMA strategy which we elaborate with the QFW as well as all other programs should tackle this unemployment and what we should get there is that to increase the productivity on the rural area which then will create even additional unemployment and then these people from these people we should tackle jobs so as you see it's a very complex issue and with our friends we are working to tackle this issue but yes. I wanted to bring in some of the other panelists who just building on both the question of colleague from OPIC who spoke about I think specifically Christian of the EU of looking at those models how do you view European business and European medium size business coming into Georgia and facilitating that type of relationship we talked about the US but also China and tackling that and the issue and the rise of sharp power as well in Georgia no doubt Georgia is a geographic position as a small country that trade with all of its partners and all of it is important and not always possible when you have a neighbor in the north that uses trade and economic sometimes as a weapon but I wondered if colleagues want to weigh in on China but also on SMEs and I think the OPIC example is quite important of what the US is seeking to do on the ground and Georgia mentioned some of the things that USAID is trying to do. I think one thing you said on the benefits of an open economy is probably not only true for small countries it's also quite true for bigger countries and I think we have the experience in Europe of that in particular. Now on the issue of the small and medium sized enterprises as you said Deputy Prime Minister this is in terms of seeing to that environment becomes the right one for the development of that particular form of activity and what we are doing together is to look into how we can and which is quite substantive means KFW was one example where we worked together but also with the European Bank of Reconstruction and Development is to see how we can provide the necessary financing but also the funding for SMEs or those who would like to do startups to exploit this new very beneficial environment for economic activity that is underway in Georgia and of course with the aim of both looking into the Georgian market but also going beyond to the European market and in this context that for instance the ideas we have right now on local currency are important because for a small or medium sized enterprise this is a big challenge to get the financing but also to take the financial risks of foreign currency is an additional burden and it is absolutely true what was said about infrastructure investments or investments being done by us as by others that that create surrounding around which is beneficial for SMEs to develop and we have seen that also happening in Georgia so this is a challenge but it's something that I think we are very much to get the focusing on and I think it's very much also part of the economic model Deputy Prime Minister that you have outlined and is going to follow. I would just I know we're up against time but I would just add this is a very high priority for us at USAID specifically in Georgia as we're helping SMEs understand how to be more competitive how to understand better practices how to reach out to other markets in 2017 we created 2,000 new jobs so this has been a real important target for us we understand that giving them the tools and creating better atmospheres for them for their businesses for their products is very important but I would also suggest as the unemployment issue is a problem I think the direction that Georgia is going is obviously in a very positive direction again I think it's worth noting that the ease of business those markers aren't going to reduce unemployment until you get to that point so what I'm suggesting is that you've got to change the marketplace first in order to increase the employment and I think those things are happening in Georgia and so I think as we move ahead I think we're in really good place and so I'm excited about the opportunities in Georgia. Well I would just say that you know we've lauded a lot of the accomplishments of Georgia but on the sort of foreign investment side and welcoming foreign investors I would say this is a continued everyone needs to continue working on it this is not you can't rest on your laurels the investment climate that's what the investors will look for they will look for predictability they will look for transparency and so we will just continue supporting Georgia in this important work. I think what we're going to do because I know we're running up against time is to give the minister the last word before we break for the next speaker. Thank you very much so I'd like to finalize the answers on the question so to return to the unemployment so the last initiative what we would like to start with with the degenere as well so we would like to propose to start because we have the European external investment plan as well as the European investment fund there and we already talked with the European investment bank is to create the credit guarantee fund which is well known in the Europe and is the market failure what we have right now in our country so there is several directions where we need to support we have to support the SMEs and as it was mentioned there is an expertise there is a knowledge there is a technical assistance as well as is the access of finance and in the direction of the access of finance the problem of Georgia is that the deep of the financial market is too small and what we have right now in our country is only the commercial banks and this is the real problem and at the other hand the SMEs does not have enough collateral to provide this collateral to the commercial banks so and only the way how we see right now to support the creation of the new jobs is to support the access to finance so the two directions so one direction is to support on the expertise the technical assistance knowledge providing etc and for other hand to support the access to finance to support the access to finance when they learn the lessons around the world we find that the credit guarantee mechanisms or schemes or funds are the most spread it in Europe and because the Europe right now covers us and the covers as I mentioned the instruments what I mentioned so I think that it will be very easy to establish with the European Union such kind of credit guarantee funds and when we learn the lessons even the additionality how you should evaluate if the credit guarantee mechanisms or funds are successful or not nobody is measure how much lending they stimulate everyone measures how they are creating so we think that right now we have the several instruments like a produce in Georgia which helps a lot but still it's not enough so we have a lot of programs in now in my ministry in the ministry of agriculture and it's create a lot of jobs so we count around 14,000 new jobs which we are created on the only on the program under the produce in Georgia but still last year the private sector creates 36,000 new jobs but still it's not enough so and if we will get such kind of instrument I think that it can help a lot to to close this market failure so there was another question about the I think based on sort of timing of some of our guests too if there's anybody who has any follow-up maybe on some of the questions too but I think what we could certainly spend based on this just this topic alone several more hours and I think what you were expressing in this point is the need for even more creative thinking about how the US the EU and others can support Georgia we can talk about land registration either which I failed to mention but I think it's an important aspect and I think it leaves the great deal of cooperation I think the opportunities also the challenges for small countries, larger countries partnerships and new areas of investment we didn't get a chance to talk about new economy which I think for Georgia is really going to be important but again I just want to one I hope everyone will join me and thanking our panelists and our distinguished guests for being here today for this important event and thank you pleasure. I look forward to seeing you again. I am. No, no, no, this is about the next speaker. So ladies and gentlemen as the panel is leaving great session the final speaker here today and it's very appropriate that the Minister of Defense is the final speaker of the U.S. Georgia strategic partnership conference. Minister Levan has been in office since 2016 a challenging job I mean a minister defense for a country that's been invaded and is partially occupied has a hard job. Other countries have been recently been invaded and we didn't learn from the Georgia experience in 2008. So the movement as Prime Minister mentioned from strategic partnership to strategic alliance I think is an important one and he also oversees the preparation for the NATO alliance movement. So please join me in welcoming the Minister of Defense of Georgia Levan Izoria. So thank you ladies and gentlemen and welcome. I'm honored to be here. First of all I would like to thank the Georgian Embassy Institute of Peace and Heritage Foundation for hosting this event. 2018 is a very special year in many ways. It marks the 10th anniversary of the Bucharest summit declaration which stated that Georgia will become a member of NATO. It marks 10 years on from the August and the Centennial anniversary of the declaration of independence of Georgia. The past 100 years reflects a time of trials and transformations as Georgia shifted between political realities and came to once more regain its treasured independence. I want to take this opportunity to honor all those that serve and sacrifice to make that freedom possible. Commitment to duty, strengths, determination and sacrifice of individual soldiers is and will always be the strengths of our countries. It makes us strong and inspires us to unify in our fight for freedom. I would like to say a special word to thanks and appreciate the very close partnership and friendship that has been forged between our countries and our armed forces. Friendship is stronger based on common values and interests and unity is the strengths of our partnership. Currently 870 Georgian military servicemen and women serve carrier free other the different commands of Afghanistan and will continue to participate until the last soldier lives Afghanistan. The U.S. enduring support and assistance has been instrumental for us to provide adequate treatment to Georgian wounded warriors and care for their families through the State of Georgia National Guard Family Support Program. Furthermore in 2018 we will be expanding our rehabilitation facility in Sarovani to provide a regional center of excellence for wounded warriors. We are proud that since 2016 we are providing physical and psychological rehabilitation courses not only to Georgian soldiers but to the Ukrainian servicemen as well along with their family members. While we contribute to greater peace and stability Russia continue to destabilize the regional security and seeks to change the international order. Russia undermines the sovereignty and security of countries worldwide and attempts to subvert and discredit western democratic institutions and processes. In Georgia Russia maintains around 10,000 troops in Abkhazia and Srinvali region as a recognized both regions and as independent states with military, economic and social linkages to the Russian Federation. Threat Georgia is facing on the front line is not only associated with direct military aggression but also includes sophisticated so-called hybrid warfare and new complex approach that offers fundamental and new tactics in the conduct of warfare. In order to effectively respond to global as well as regional complex security challenges Ministry of Defense of Georgia continues ambitious defense transformation program which derives from the Georgia's Euro-Atlantic integration needs and is fully in line with NATO's focus to further strengthen deterrence and defense posture boost efforts to project stability in the neighborhood advance the alliance modernization agenda ensure fair burden sharing with this in mind we have been carrying out a comprehensive set of reforms in SDR MOD introduced a new total defense approach which places great emphasis on enhancing interagency cooperation as a way to ensure the whole of nation approach and effective use all the resources to defend the country. Interagency pillar is the cornerstone of effective planning and implementation with the MOD test during annual governmental interagency exercise aimed at deepening interaction and coordination at the strategic and operational level against the hybrid warfare and other threats during crisis and warfare various state agencies and individual organizations participate in the exercise this year did gory exercise will be exceptional it will be held on highest strategic level with involvement of the prime minister and relevant senior level government representatives in the framework of total defense approach we implemented important measures to improve reserve and mobilization system the new system is based on lessons from the Scandinavian and Baltic states given that we face similar security challenges and have to counter Russia's hostile foreign policy MOD has already achieved significant progress in reforms I would like to underline our notable progress in enhancing our capability and our success in mirroring the NATO standard of spending 2% of our GDP on our defense budget additional personal cost has been reduced from 67 to 53% and we have increased from 4% to 20.9% of our military budget spending to major system acquisitions the NATO standard of 20% this improvements has enabled Georgia to purchase the US anti-armor system which has significantly improved Georgia's anti-time capability contributing to Georgia's potential for deterrence and resilience it has also strengthened regional security and has made Georgia more capable we as partner in the region and around the globe allowing Georgia to purchase the government system is a testament of the absolute trust towards Georgia which we highly value and appreciate in coming years as we continue to increase the spending on equipment modernization priority will be given to developing major self defense systems air defense, artillery engineer and intelligence cyber surveillance and reconnaissance capabilities for the first time the Ministry of Defense has elaborated a long term acquisition strategy a policy document and defense portion resource management handbook defining key acquisition principles and financial planning and management framework we named 2018 the year logistics to help prioritize multi-logistic initiatives we hope to make significant progress in shaping our logistics structures and streamline our logistics processes to improve the sustainability, mobility and continuous and speedy logistical support of combat units as I have mentioned before our number one priority is building institutional planning and training capacity that yields a credible, sustainable organic deterrent capability Georgia's defense readiness program is the backbone for strengthening Georgia's combat readiness and resilience it is tailored to the tasks assigned by the national defense plan and is designed to rapidly improve the combat readiness of Georgian infantry battalions and to produce long term system policies and processes to sustain military readiness since 2017 we have been working on GDRP institution laying out necessary institutional foundations and building the infrastructure and training facilities for the GDRP training and now I am delighted to know that recently we started GDRP training and the execution of the program is progressing exceptionally well after the program is finished Georgia Armed Forces will have the organic capability to train and evaluate units from national missions to counter complex security challenges and to ensure the effective defense of the country united and coordinated actions of all government agencies is essential in the framework of total defense it is necessary to explore and develop new approaches methods tactics and capabilities unconventional warfare should become the main principle of the Georgian Armed Forces in compliance with SDR and updated national defense plan in 2018 we plan the reorganization of the Georgian Armed Forces with the aim of establishing brigade combat teams and restructuring of the engineer units special operation forces as well combat support and combat service support units main emphasis will be placed on standardization table of organizations which will ensure effective and equal distribution of forces and equipment stated changes will place the main emphasis on small tactical units capable of execution mission command in parallel we are complementing the readiness of the Georgian forces by addressing equipment capability shortfalls thanks to the US as I have already mentioned received German anti-tank system and currently the capabilities being gradually disseminated in infantry battalions with the US support we are also in the process of equipping all infantry battalions with NATO standard small arms secure tactical communications and light vision capability our goal is gradually to fully transition all infantry battalions to US origin equipment in 2018 Georgia will continue hosting as well as participating international exercises last year with Georgian multinational exercise agile spirit and noble partner we are conducted exceptionally well noble partner was the largest field training exercise ever held in Georgia this year we plan to build on the success achieved and increase the scope of the exercise even further this year agile spirit exercise will continue to invest in Georgia and act as rehearsal for the planned exercise the following year which will include amphibious operations here I must also mention that positive impact of the agile spirit on the Black Sea area Georgia as an indivisible part of the Black Sea security architecture remains committed to contribute to the NATO's efforts in strengthening stability in the region and the development of all existing cooperation mechanisms with NATO and our partner nations which are fully in line with our reform objectives and further assist Georgia on its way towards NATO membership the substantial NATO Georgia package has become one of the key practical cooperation mechanism which significantly assists defense transformation process and helps prepare our country for NATO membership we remain hopeful that the NATO Brussels summit will mark an important step as 29 Allies duly recognize Georgia's progress and reform their commitment to our Euro-Atlantic aspirations we hope to take away meaningful deliverables from the summit in the end I would like to highlight the past few years have been remarkable in terms of advancing the bilateral cooperation the various high level visits including the historical visit of Vice President Mike Pence increased flow of financial assistance and multiple project of cooperation we will demonstrate that U.S.-Georgia relations have become stronger than ever this is the result of right policy changes and smart reforms which is crucial for future development of our defense system and armed forces such joint efforts complement our ongoing defense reforms and altogether enhance Georgia's potential for deterrence and resilience for the past 26 years United States as a strategic partner has been standing beside Georgia and Georgia people safeguarding freedom security and prosperity which has been vital for sustainable democratic development of our state Georgia as a responsible partner is dedicated to continue strengthening our friendship partnership and I believe this partnership will translate a long-term strategic alliance thank you for your attention as we draw this conference to a close I just want to take a moment to thank all of you for being here today participating in this discussion I want to thank our panelists for their participation and the insights they brought us today and finally I want to thank the Embassy of Georgia and the Heritage Foundation for their collaboration and friendship in pulling this event together so thank you all very much Ladies and gentlemen we kindly ask that you please remain seated until the official party departs. Thank you Ladies and gentlemen we ask that you please exit from the upper level of the auditorium. Thank you


And welcome to module 23 of chemical kinetics and transition state theory. So, now we have a final formula for transition state rate. Today, we will look at a specific example on how numbers are exactly evaluated. We will look at the example that we have looked at a little bit before anyway, which is h plus h v r going to h 2 plus v r, ok. All right. So, let us study this problem. In your assignments, you will be solving more such problems for practice. So, this is the formula. That is what we need to evaluate. So, the required quantities that we needed and we discussed this in the last module. So, it is a quick recap. If we need all the masses of h and v r that is readily available, we will need the activation energy of the reaction. We will need to find whether the reactants and transition state is linear or non-linear and what are the corresponding frequencies. We will finally need to look at the electronic degeneracy of the reactants and transition state. So, let us start doing that, ok. So, the masses we know 1 gram per mole inverse and 80 gram per mole inverse, ok. That I have just looked up the periodic table that is all. Activation energy of this problem is known as 5 kilo joules per mole. So, we are going to use that. All right. So, let us start asking about the structural information. So, I have a reactant is h and h v r. So, let us start with h. So, the first question I am really trying to ask is, let us say somebody has given you this reaction, somebody experimenter has done this reaction and you are supposed to find the rate constant, ok. So, you have to go to your lab and first accumulate all the data. So, the question is what all data do you need to find, right? So, that is what we are doing. So, for hydrogen atom, what all data will you accumulate is the question. Mass we know, is there any other information you need for hydrogen atom. So, take a moment and think about it, pause the video if you want and think about this question, ok. So, hope that you have thought about it. So, the question that you have to answer is, well for each reactant we have to figure out whether it is linear or non-linear, we have to find the moment of inertia correspondingly and we have to find the frequencies. So, is h atom linear or non-linear? Nothing, h atom is a point. So, it has no rotational partition function, it has no vibrational partition function, ok. So, for h atom is simply Q translational into Q electronic and atom cannot rotate or vibrate, get that concept absolutely clear, ok and atom is simply a point. What about HBr now though? For that do we need any more information other than mass? Yes, we do. So, is HBr linear or non-linear? Well, of course it is linear. HBr is simply HBr, you have only 2 points and 2 points can only form a line. So, this is certainly linear. So, we need its moment of inertia and how many frequencies do I need for HBr? Only one. Why? Well, one can see that I have only one frequency here. It can really just do this kind of a stretch, right. But if you want to be more mathematical, you have 3n minus 5 frequencies where n here is 2. So, I want one frequency for the HBr molecule. What about the transition state? How many, what do I need for that? So, let us start, we are going to assume actually to a good approximation that the transition state is linear. So, this is an information I am giving you. So, then I need one moment of inertia for the transition state. What else do you need? You need frequencies. How many frequencies is the question now? Do this calculation very carefully. Think you have a linear transition state of 3 atoms. How many frequencies should you get? So, pause the video and get this answer right. So, let us discuss. It is linear. So, total frequencies is 3n minus 5 by 5 2 rotations for a linear molecule and 3 translations. So, a linear molecule can rotate in 2 ways like this or like this and it can translate in all 3 directions. So, I have 3n minus 5, n is 3, 3 atoms. So, I get 4 frequencies. However, one frequency is imaginary at the transition state that we do not include in our calculation. So, required frequencies is for transition state is always 1 less. So, I should get 3 frequencies corresponding to the transition state out of 4. So, here is the table where I have provided you all the information. So, I did my calculations I one way or another by experiment or otherwise I gathered all the data. In a future module we are going to discuss how this data is exactly tabulated. How in practice do you get it? For the purpose of this course we whenever data is needed we will provide you with data. We will not ask you to do the actual experiment. So, we have HBr is by definition linear and we have assumed transition state to be linear. I have provided you the moment of inertia both of one moment of inertia because they are both linear. I have provided you one frequency of HBr and 3 frequencies for HBr in the transition state. H of course has a degeneracy of 2, electronic degeneracy because H can be in the positive spin direction or negative spin direction alpha or beta. HBr has degeneracy of 1 and transition state I have provided you it is a radical actually it has a degeneracy of 2, electronic degeneracy of 2. So, this is the formula I need I have all the formulas with me I will use these formulas and I will have to calculate basically all the components I have to calculate kT over H the three partition functions and this exponential. So, that is what we are going to do now. So, let us start with Q H naught. So, the required data I need for Q H naught is simply the electronic degeneracy and the mass Q H naught is Q translational naught into Q electronic which is nothing but Q translation divided by volume into Q electronic. Q electronic is nothing but the degeneracy. So, this is nothing but 2 which is Q electronic into Q translation over volume. So, volume will cancel and I will get 1 over H cube. I have always to be very very careful with units I will be using throughout Si units only. So, the mass I need is in kilograms that is the Si unit ok. What I have is 1 gram per mole we have done this a few times 1 gram per mole into 1 kilogram per 1000 gram into 1 mole divided by alagadro number. So, this is equal to 1.7 into 10 to the power of minus 27 kilograms ok. So, that is the mass I need to put here. So, this is then equal to 2 Q H cube, root pi mass is 1.7 into 10 to the power of minus 27 kilograms Kb is 1.38 into 10 to the power of minus 23 into temperature. I am calculating everything at room temperature only and the unit of K into T will be kilogram meter square per second square ok. So, let us just quickly look at our units. In the numerator I have square root of kilogram into kilogram meter square per second square divided by in the numerator I have kilogram square meter 6 second square second cube sorry I have done something wrong. There should be a cube here my apologies. I am supposed to take the cube of this. So, there is a 3 half that I had forgotten that is why my units you see the importance of looking at units that is how I figured out I have made a mistake because I looked at units. So, now if I look at it this becomes a kilogram cube meter cube per second cube divided by I also had kilogram cube here meter 6 by second cube kilogram cube cancels this cancels. So, I am left with 1 over meters cube. So, rest is just plugging in the numbers I have to just calculate this very carefully on a calculator and so if I calculate that I have done that I get 19.8 into 10 to the power of 29 meter that is my units meter minus 3. So, first thing is you get something in the order of 10 to the power of 30 that is what you want. Hydrogen being very light it usually is slightly smaller usually you get into the power of 31 but fine hydrogen is light you get a factor of little bit lesser. So, you get something in the order of 10 to the power of 30 everything is in sensible my units are correct. Next looking at HBr the data that I need will be these following we will need the mass we will need moment of inertia and the frequency and actually for HBr we already have calculated all the components in a previous module. So, I am not going to redo it today you can look back at the previous module you can look at module 17 where we actually plugged in the numbers the same way as for hydrogen what we have been doing and we got for translational 10 to the power of 32 roughly rotation is roughly of the order of 25 vibration is very close to 1 remember we are using the vibrational answer this answer and not the classical answer. So, that quantum answer we did in module 19 and the electronic is 1 which is the electronic degeneracy of HBr. So, if we multiply all these numbers together I take this into this into this into this I will get this ok. So, that is the partition function for HBr. So, I have done with this I have done with this. Now, moving forward to the transition state we will compute all the 3 partition functions translational rotational and vibrational. So, let us start with the translational partition function. So, the translational partition function is given here and so, we first of all divide by volume as always. So, the translational partition function not is q translational by volume. So, the volume will cancel. So, I will be left with 1 over h cube 2 pi m kT to the power of 3 half. So, first we need to calculate this m m is the total mass. So, m will be mass of HBr, but what we have to be careful about is units. So, this we have to convert in kilograms and moles is 10 to the power of 23. So, mole cancels with mole gram cancels with gram and I get I have written the answer here with me have calculated this already. So, this is simply punching it on a calculator. So, finally, I get qT r naught again we have to be just very very careful with units 2 pi mass is 13 into 10 to the power of minus 20 kilograms into 1.38 into 10 to the power of minus 23 kB is units of kilogram meter square per second square Kelvin into 300 Kelvin to the power of 3 half divided by h cube h is 6.6 into 10 to the power of minus 34 kilogram meter square per second cube. So, first thing that I will leave it to you this time is to verify that the units work out correctly. So, what is the final unit you should get for qT r meter to the power of minus 3. So, make sure that is the unit you will actually get here and all other kilograms second Kelvin's all everything else is going to cancel. So, that I leave it up to you we have done that a few times now and the rest the numbers if I punch in I get 7.32 into 10 to the power of 32 meter minus 3. So, once again in the ballpark of 10 to the power of 31 and 32. So, it makes sense the rotational version we will use the linear formula. So, this is equal to 8 pi square kB is 1.38 into 10 to the power of minus 23 kilogram meter square per second square Kelvin always be careful with units into moment of inertia is given to be this divided by h square I have to just write everything very carefully and I will be good. So, the first thing is all units must cancel rotation and vibration partition function are dimensionless. So, kilograms into kilograms is kilograms square cancelling with kilograms square in the denominator meter to the power of 4 here meter square square 4 Kelvin cancels with Kelvin here second square cancels with second square and that becomes plugging in numbers which comes out to be this vibration. I will need the frequencies. So, the frequencies note are provided in wave numbers what we need again are all units in SI units all quantities in SI units. So, I have to go from centimeter inverse to second inverse frequencies units are second inverse. So, again the formula I keep in mind is this one. So, this is in centimeter inverse my apologies omega equal to 2 pi C into nu bar this is in second inverse this is in centimeter inverse. So, I have to multiply this by 2 pi into speed of light. So, you notice centimeter will cancel and this comes out to be 4.4 I have written it in my notes here and 26 my bad 460 I also multiply with 2 pi C and I get this is simply punching in numbers on a calculator. So, then what I do is I have to calculate the vibrational partition function will basically be 1 over 1 minus beta h bar omega 2 and omega 2 actually appears twice it is degenerate. So, that is how you calculate vibrational partition function you multiply them together and we are using the quantum version once more quantum version is more accurate in the classical version. So, you can plug all these numbers in you have the omega once in a second inverse. So, omega 1 basically will go here and this will go here and you know what is your KB your T everything you plug in properly and you can find this is equal to 1.27 again dimensionless. So, we have found all the various components now we have found a translational rotational vibrational and the electronic is simply the electronic degeneracy which is 2. So, I take all of these and multiply them together to get this number here. So, I have found the component for translational state as well. Finally, we have to calculate the pre this exponential factor and KT over h. So, KT over h comes here and that is your exponential. So, the exponential is simply minus EA 5 kilojoules per mole I will multiply it by 1000 joules per kilojoule because and KB instead of using KB I can use R if I want to use per mole unit and temperature I am using is 300 Kelvin.  So, this is 1.38 kilogram meter square per second square Kelvin temperature is 300 Kelvin Kelvin cancels with Kelvin kilogram cancels with kilogram meter square cancels and this second cancels one of the seconds. So, I get this is equal to 6.3 into 10 to the power of 12 second inverse. So, finally, is the time to plug in all the numbers together. So, I have KT over h which I have found to be this we have found the partition functions for transition state we found it equal to this and for h we found this for HBr we found this. So, I have just plugged in the numbers from the previous slides and exponential I have found to be 0.13. I multiply them all together notice that one of the meter cube cancels. So, I am left with meter cube second inverse and simply punching in into a calculator. So, I get rate in the order of roughly 10 to the power of minus 18 meter cube second inverse again things you should like keep sense of that is how rates will look like in this unit. So, the final thing is let us just calculate this in the units of liter mole inverse second inverse. So, this will be equal to 5.88 into 1000 liters in 1 meter cube into the Avogadro number per mole. So, you can do this calculation and this comes out to be roughly I have not written this in my notes. So, I am doing the calculation you can confirm this roughly 3.4 into 10 to the power of minus 9 liter mole inverse second inverse I have forgotten to write this actually in my notes but no issues this is simply plugging it into a calculator you can do that and tell me whether I have got it right or not. So, the rates generally are of the order of 10 to the power of minus 9 which is what I expect plus 9 actually I am sorry I apologise this should be plus but this is simply punching it on a calculator you can do that better than I can and get that number all right. So, we end here today and we have looked at exact calculation of how to calculate it for a specific example which is of H plus HBR with a linear transition state with the you see you can use the same procedure to calculate it for any calculation and get a transition state estimate. So, the first step is always identifying the parameters you need you have to figure out whether the structures are linear or non-linear, calculate the appropriate amount of moment of inertia, calculate the appropriate frequencies always remember that for transition state I require one frequency less and then plug in into the formulas and after you plug into all the formulas then you have to be just careful with units and get the final answer. Thank you very much.