Awesome. Tara, thank you very much for joining me. Absolutely. Thanks for having me. I'm doing well. Good. Good. Where are you exactly? So I am in Richmond, Virginia. So Mark Hill headquarters here in Richmond, Virginia. And to be more specific, I am in the Ventures conference room here at our headquarters. Nice. And do you live in Richmond, Virginia? So I live north of the city in a town called Hanover. Pretty quiet. You know, not a lot going on in Hanover and an easy drive here to our headquarters out in Glen Allen. And is this a new experience, faced COVID? Like, do you often go into the office now? Has there been? Yeah. So before COVID, of course, we were here 100% of the time.  It just sort of abruptly kind of suddenly happened. And we were home for over a year. Recently we started what we call a pilot over the summer to sort of welcome folks back slowly, surely. So we are officially right now still in our pilot, which is a three by 10, three days out of 10, some in office time and some exposure to folks we hadn't seen in a while. So, you know, right now it's a Friday. I'm here in the office. It's pretty quiet, as I assume most folks are taking advantage and working them all. Yeah. It's strange, isn't it, when you start to venture back? It is.  Absolutely. There was a lot of leaders that behaved like so well over COVID. I remember a lot were, you know, I know you were saying to them, I know you're a parent. I know you've got kids at home. I know your partner's working. I don't expect you to work the same hours that you were doing before. Like it's okay if, you know, you look after the kids in the morning and your husband, wife, partner, whatever looks after them in the evening. So a lot of people were really understanding, which is really nice to hear. Yeah, absolutely. I have several cases, I would say, on my team where, you know, they had to figure it out. So, you know, our style here at Markel is flexibility and altering a course quickly. So we actually, we had to do a lot of that. But it's, I mean, I think it all goes back to hiring the right people, the folks that you trust to get the job done, right? And we trust and give them that flexibility and space to handle, you know, personal obligations. Yeah, my big thing of the year is kindness. You know, if you focus on hiring kind people, you can't go too wrong. You know, people are nice to each other, nice to their customers and understanding and it's a really nice thing to do. So that's been my big focus. It's also, I think, been a really big test for inclusion, right?  Right. And for companies to make sure that everyone feels included when a lot of the time you're not really sure what people are going through. Super tough. Yeah, I agree. I agree. You know, when I think about it, I think one of the things that Markel used to get better insight was weekly well-being surveys. So, you know, I think it's to your point, it's really important to have an understanding or do sort of a check or health check on your folks. I think leveraging that allowed us to make the appropriate changes and back to alter a course quickly. You know, there are some decisions that were made and if we got feedback in that well-being survey, that those decisions weren't the best for the associates. We altered the course. So, yeah, I agree. It's interesting. When we had lockdown in England, it was April, because I was swearing to everyone that it had been finished by May. You know, it's never going to last more than two, three weeks. Never. Right. Absolutely never. Suddenly May came around and I'm like, okay, this might be going on a little bit longer. Because, you know, you'll start, for me anyway, because running a firm, you just, I don't know, I thought process evolved. It was only going to be a few weeks and suddenly it's a few months and then suddenly you could see and hear people like struggling with being at home and how to operate at home. How did you find it? Because it sounds like you were the same as me. You were in the office five days and suddenly you're not at all for a year.  It did. It took some adjusting. I tell you, I don't have sort of a standalone office at home. So I had to get creative and my wife doesn't either. So two of us working from home, that was the first task to figure out, hey, where are we going to, where are we going to set up? And where will we find some quiet time for our one year old at the time? But yeah, it did take some adjusting prior to COVID or the pandemic. I was not a big fan personally of working from home. I liked the collaboration in the office. It was my norm. You got everything you need there. Your phone is plugged up. But I found through this transition that I actually like working from home. It's not bad. But if I were to pick the best case, it'd be hybrid just as we are now. You've got face time and then you have more quiet time within your full walls. So it was an adjustment. But looking back, I can't imagine a full five days in the office without the flexibility to have some head-down time at home. Interesting. So you can never see yourself going back to commuting five days? Yeah, it would feel odd. Yeah, it would feel odd. At this point, I've adjusted my calendar to have more, we call one-on-one chats while we're in the office and maybe more project-based meetings when home that don't require the one-on-one collaboration. So I'd hate to say never because things could change, but I definitely like the hybrid. I don't think it's going to go back to how it was before. I mean, it's interesting for you there. My perspective is London and it's very similar. I'm in EC3 now, which is like the heart of the London insurance market and Lloyd's there and stuff. I mean, it's Friday today and there's no one on the streets, like no one. And before COVID, I don't know if you've been to London and stuff.  So it's going to be interesting. I think it's people, there's been 18 months or so now and you get used to it. You found your feet, you get into your rhythm a bit and yeah, if you live in a decent commute away from the office, I guess it's quite tough to think about going back in five days. Yeah, absolutely. So I think on the inclusivity vibe, it's thinking about how can we make it work for everyone? Because it's so easy. You speak to people and I really like working at home.  They want to hear you, listen and learn. Certainly the younger ones who haven't learned how to work yet and are still finding their feet. So hopefully we find this balance of, you know, like personal, yeah, I like working at home, but also, okay, I'm servicing my team as my kind of job as a leader and okay, I want to get in. Yeah, you know, I think that that's a really good point and when I think about it, I can appreciate the path of the route that we took here at Markell by implementing the pilot over the summer and just sort of having discussions about key learnings during the pilot before implementing something more permanent. So, yeah, agreed. I think the hybrid model is the way of the future. Yes, definitely. I remember having discussions about that or on similar topics before, you know, we really got deep into working from home and I think a lot of folks were saying if we come out of this the way we went in, we've lost. So, I'm hopeful to your point that we don't go back and that we continue to apply the learnings from the pandemic in future years. I got asked the other day whether I thought work from home was the great leveler for DNI. Tough question, hey. How'd you answer it? So, there's two bits to it. On the one side, you feel like, yeah, it could be, right? Like a lot of mums, dads as well, you know, who want to be with their kids but want to do well in their careers as well. It will enable them to construct a life where you can drop your kids at school, you can work, and your employer's like, do you know what Tara?  And so that will give people the opportunity that they might not have had otherwise. So, I quite like that, you know? I think that's really cool. The other thing though is there's a big digital divide, isn't there, in many countries? Like those that can afford to have good internet, they can afford to have technology and stuff. And if you can't afford it, you might fall through the gap a bit. Like you might not even be able to even apply for a job like that.  So, I think there's a lot to work through. Right, yeah. You know, you make a great point about the digital divide. And you know, bringing this back to the DNI space, one of the most important things, I think, as folks continue to lean in and learn more, is recognizing privilege. And I think one of the things that we didn't have a full understanding or appreciation for was the privilege around digital connection, Wi-Fi, technology. So, you know, I think continuing to learn and continuing to educate ourselves is going to be important, you know, so that we don't continue to divide, you know, based on background, based on socioeconomic status, et cetera. We do a 2 p.m. call with my team every day, half an hour, unstructured, just a general chat, COVID free. So we'd come on the call and be like, what's going on? How are you doing? And just like stuff, you know, what you're watching on Netflix. You know, like what's going on? What have you done? Go for a walk today? Or coffee? What kind of coffee are you drinking? You know, just like kind of random stuff. And everyone really appreciated it. And then I'd call everyone. Every morning I'd call everyone just for five minutes to be like, hey, how are you doing? What's going on? And that's it. That's what I did like the whole way through. And I'm still doing it now actually. It was working. I tried to get it. I sent it to the company just cause you shared what you're company doing. We're actually mostly now we've gone fully remote almost. Like almost fully remote. I have people all over the world, U.S. and Europe. And pre-Covid, you kind of really had to be in London, like when I was hiring people, it was pretty much being in London. you know, we're hiring in New York. And then everything changed. And now we have people all over Europe. And one of my colleagues wanted to move to Berlin. I'm like, great, no problem. We're hiring some more. I mean, literally, I mean, when we're hiring for ourselves now, I don't mind where they're based, as long as they are kind and considerate and a team player and a few of the other things that we might look for for different roles that we hire for ourselves. And it's been super cool that the talent pool is wider. I've got more choice. It's more diverse with all of that stuff, right? If you're sourcing from the whole planet, so to speak, you're going to get a really big selection of people. So that's been really interesting.  Yeah, it's been an interesting one. I'm I'm still going into the office because I like it. But I've said to everyone, they can choose how they want to operate. That's wonderful. And, you know, it's the way of the future, Lewis. You know, I would say our position has also changed. All the world global company in my area within operations, we were, I would say, prior to the pandemic, looking to hire roles locally. And to your point, you know, a greater talent pool and the ability to manage, you know, outside of the office gives us that greater flexibility to bring in top talent. So we've actually got folks that are that we've recently hired outside of the Richmond area. And you know, I think everything is working well. That's my original point. If you hire the right people, you trust that they're never getting work done and, you know, you know, they're good partners. So that's where it is.  And I was just interesting, you know, being in the UK and watching, you know, the US elections and all of the, it just felt, I mean, this is just coming from London reading my phone. So I don't know if it's really the case, but it felt quite divisive, you know, a very polarised moment in time in the US. It was quite interesting thinking like, do people mean bring their authentic self to work? Or do they mean bring your authentic self to work as long as you believe what I believe? Because it's, what did you experience? Because it must have been quite hard for people that, you know, if they were talking about politics and if they knew what people were voting and it was different to whatever they were voting for, it's like, must be hard to actually like work effectively in a team with someone that you know has opposing views. I just found a really fascinating and a case study to think through it. Right. Yeah, that is fascinating. And back to the comment around, do they truly mean it? I think when we say bring your authentic self to work, we mean it. But I question whether folks truly understand how difficult it could be for people that are, I would say, attached to minority groups that are not considered the majority. I mean, it's tough, you know, when we talk about something simple as taste and music, right? And the majority group, it's usually pop, rock, maybe country and minority groups. Let's just say, for example, it's gospel. And you're saying bring your authentic self to work and we're talking about taste and music. How does that feel to someone that, you know, doesn't have anyone across the table that they can relate to? So, you know, I think it goes back to, yeah, I think it goes back to just continuing to educate ourselves, educate ourselves, recognize that there are differences and those differences are great. I mean, I think that that's what makes us, you know, a better world. Having those differences and not making folks feel left out because you aren't aware of their interests. I love that. That example of the music is great because it got me thinking, I'm really going to not pronounce her name right. There's amazing Nigerian author and I've just Googled her name, Chimamanda Adichie. I don't know if you've, she's written some really great, oh, she's made amazing books, a Nigerian author. And I watched it, she did a TED talk recently for the one I'm referring to is probably a while ago and it's about the story that you have in your head about people, right? And so when you mention gospel, I've got one story in my head about people that like gospel music and I, you know, images of like people in church and religious and like happy clapping and stuff, it put a smile on my face actually. But maybe that is in the case, you know, so I think, you know, her point and my point is that, you know, whether it's, you know, they like gospel music or they voted for a different party than you believe in or they're from a different country or religion or whatever, you know, you've got to appreciate this, there's different perspectives and different stories, you know, not everyone's the same as the story that you have in your head. And so just being open to finding out what their story is rather than thinking, you know, because it happened to like gospel music. Absolutely. Yeah. I agree. It's, you know, there are many examples I can think of, but actually a colleague of mine was telling me actually a story about discussing taste in music and it made me think, wow, authentic self, true, bring your authentic self, but how does that make one feel? So I mean, I, I listen to music in my headphones. I don't know anyone to hear what I'm listening to. They'll be like, what are you listening to? What are you listening to? What are you listening to on your headphones, Lewis, nowadays? So my, my favorite music is hip hop and house music. I listen to hip hop, I listen to house music. So I grew up listening to like hip hop and stuff like that. And then, and then I really got into like dance music, like a university. And then so I flip, I want to like remember my youth. I'll flick on the old music that I used to listen to back in the day. I've got now, like, I've got like music that reminds me of different periods of my life. Yeah. Yeah. I used to listen to that album when I was like 12 and I listened to that album. Yeah. What about you? Same. You know, it pretty eclectic taste. I mean, I could go from you know, soft rock to R&B to hip hop. You know, I could do a John Mayer. I could do a John Legend or I could do a Kanye West. So I think it's, it's across the board. And he ran for president, didn't he Kanye West? I think so. I want politics, but I don't think I was voting for Kanye West. But it's interesting. Yeah, music. It's something that's funny you mentioned music because it's yeah, I don't know. It's something that I don't often haven't really talked about with people at work. But it's not very, but it's a funny topic because it's others are quite divisive.   But music, though, it's great. Like everyone's kind of like, like it's not very emotive, you know, it's like, yeah, that's cool. You like a bit of that and some jazz and some blues and that's really cool. Yeah, maybe we should be doing more of that. Yeah. And you know, it's funny that we were talking about bringing your authentic self and inclusion. And I think of a couple of examples where we've spoken about music and I quite frankly have felt left out. You know, maybe someone's, you know, having a discussion with a couple of others around a concert they're attending. And there are many names that I've never heard of. And you just chuckle and, you know, nod. So we're on the topic of music. But, you know, I could think about many cases where I felt that way, you know, outside of, you know, hip hop versus rock or country. So I think it just kind of goes back to education and even on my part, right? Educating myself on other cultures and other genres, even though they may not blast through my speakers as I'm coming in in the morning. Yeah, that's true. I mean, I remember like, we have karaoke bars, you know, like, and you've got the thing. I mean, I know nothing. I know very little words of a lot of the popular songs and stuff. And a lot of the time, you know, during my career, like you'd go for team events, the karaoke, and I wouldn't be the guy on the mic knowing all the words that we're like, Lewis, come on, you must know this one. I don't know it. But it just brings it brings us nicely full circle to, you know, the authenticity and stuff is like, you know, we're still in our homes. And and the zooms and the video and everything I think is kind of bought things a bit more like personal, you know, like, you can see someone's fridge, what the magnets on their fridge or the artwork in their house. I think there's been really a really nice thing in the barriers have come down. You know, a lot of the time you see the facade of the suit and the tie or the smart dress or whatever you wear at work. Suddenly it's like, oh, that's really nice piece of art in the background. You know, what's the story behind that. And so that, you know, there's some nice good aspects to it now. I like that. Yeah, yeah, agreed. We've opened our homes. Yes. What a lovely place to end. Thank you so much. Thank you.


Deterrence and defence is the cornerstone of our Article 5 commitment to each other and formidable shield is yet another way for us to collectively deter adversaries. It also leaves no doubt of our commitment to defending NATO territory if necessary. The force is a truly joint force from a multinational concept. We have ships from all over NATO, aircraft and army units working together in the same environment at the same time. It has been impressive to see this collective team drive to the continued evolution of formidable shield as we continue to evolve our tactics and increase both the scope of this exercise and the forces and scale to counter ever-evolving threats.


Vandaskar Desini, who is a long time ICANN member, thank you for taking the time to talk to us. We appreciate that. You have served as a GAC member, a GAC vice chair and vice chair of ALAC. How have your involvements with these various groups shaped your opinion about ICANN as an international organization? Well, that's Brazil. I'm from Brazil, and Brazil has been involved with the internet since John Postel and to get the DOT BR. So, I was in that time, 1999, 1998, and before that, during some time as a national secretary for information technology. And because of that, the DOT BR organization at that time, just a project, was under this secretariat. So what happened is I need to be involved. And beforehand, I sent my director to that. And it happens that my director just asked for, leave the civil servant. I was not civil servant, but he was. And he decided to go for another challenge.  So I went there. And it was in the beginning of, we started in 1999, but the first one I went to was Los Angeles, 2000. Okay. So, and quickly, it was just a few members in the GAC at that time. Paul Tum was the chair. And we quickly become very active. That's my personality, to be involved and try to do things and so on. So things start to growing. And I start to be involved with that, involved with DOT BR and make things happen in the country, think about how to get more involvement of the people. And finally, I became vice chair. The government changed. I left the government by continuing to represent Brazil till 2004. How important is it that I can be an international organization? I believe that is quite important for the developing countries, because be a more global. Let's make some distinction for the UN situation. Because most of developing countries has been participating in the UN as international meetings around. But this means just government. And the government talking by themselves only, it's like a narrow view of what is going on. And what I can offer for the government at that time is the opportunity to talk in the same issue, to make decisions in the same issue, talking with the other interest people. So not just government officials, but everybody, the private sector is too. Everyone, everyone with interest. So other views, other views. It was quite new, it's still new for the government, but was quite new in that time. Most of the government very close. And I came from business area and that was in the government in that time. So I do believe in the model that Moodstake Holder model. So we built dot BR organization and structure in the Moodstake Holder model. So it was also important for us to copy the model inside the country. For maximum inclusion? For more facility to have other voice, understand one issue that is very active in the country, independent of the government, and to put government inside what is going on with the society. It is difficult for some countries to understand the ICANN model, that it's not government, right? Yes, it's very difficult. Very difficult. And most for the governments that are more, more traditional. That is not open for society or is not the kind of the government that loves to manipulate individuals. Because for countries that wants to manipulate individuals to have their voice but control it, it's good. But if you control, if you don't control, you don't want to. How difficult is it? Governments are used to controlling things. That's what governments do. In the ICANN model, governments have a voice, but they're not the only voice. No, yes. For me that is the beauty sense of ICANN. And I do believe that the UN in the future, it will take some time, but in the future we'll get this model. Because the populations around the world are now be allowed to take voice. And they will never give up from that voice. So with the time, people will push to this model. You're actively involved with the next generation of internet governance leaders. How important is it to these young people who are new to our world? How important is it that this be an international organization? Well, it is quite, quite important. For two things. First, we need continuously refreshing our minds. Because like me, you become addicted to ICANN. And the way things are doing, you get involved and you become addicted. And like all addicted issues, you become narrow and narrow and narrow. So you need to keep in touch all the time with new minds. Be challenged. Be challenged. People question, people bring new ideas, take you up. That is not anymore the issue. That is very, very good.  You learn each meeting. Each meeting is someone that is coming for the first time. You make you a question that you cannot answer. And that is very, very challenging. And it's amazing. That's the thing that makes you addicted. So what you're saying is we can learn as much from their questions as they can learn from our answers. Yes, sometimes, sometimes. They can learn a lot from our experience, of course, because it's not easy to get into these words. It's a close word. How important was the IANA stewardship transition in terms of expanding ICANN's international acceptance? I believe it was fundamental. Fundamental. We had, not from many years ago, a lot of pressure from many governments, from the BRICS, Brazil included, and from the BRICS, from many others that just fallen, and the small counters that just fallen, the region, opinion, and blah, blah, blah. So they believed that it was time to get out from the United States, even if the United States does nothing in the IANA issue. So, but it was very possible for those people around in the government to understand this fact. So I have talked around in Brazil, Latin America, explain how things move. It's just an email they send. It's nothing. But anyway, people had a feeling that they are dependent on the decision of the United States. And during Obama time, this became more, you know, relaxed, relaxed, because he looks like not American.  Oh, United States is open, it's opening, blah, blah, blah. So things become more, you know, easy to do that. But with the opportunity during the process to Trump, things become more uncomfortable. People are more nervous. Nervous, very nervous about if Trump goes. So we're going to be forever under United States. And these people, we don't know what they are going to do, so better to think in other ways. And we have China thinking about other other Internet and India and Russia. So Brazil starts to move the government so we are more calm down in that situation. But anyway, the idea to get so that this issue is a very fundamental step forward for the internationalization, the globalization of ICANN for now one. What is the greatest risk to the globalization of ICANN? Well, I do believe that the risk is lack of market and lack of knowledge. Because to be global, you need to have a brand that everyone recognizes. So if you don't have a brand that is recognized around and recognized for, you know, old people, new people, no kids around. So that brand, you're going to lose market. Other brands can grow up. So it's the same here. So what is lacking, in my opinion, in ICANN, a more aggressive marketing? Very professional and aggressive. So does marketing equal globalization? Yes, market allows globalization to grow. So if you don't have that market, you know, nobody in the world can stay in the same position or you grow or you go down. So like any business around. So you need to make yourself more recognition, recognized by the population. And I have done this in Latin America area for many years. Many years, this is my 51 meeting in ICANN. Wow. So that is, I have done with the help also of my one colleague from ICANN, local in Brazil, Daniel Fink. We talk around every place we go, every place I go, I have some slides that I use in talk. My students are teaching post-graduation in university. It's not about that. But anyway, in the discussion of policy, I put an example of ICANN and invite them to understand and blah, blah, blah, make papers, everything. So even that, most of the people in my country has no clue about what ICANN means. ICANN is such an unusual model. Yes. With policy coming up from the bottom, instead of a typical organization where rules go down. Someone has a clue. Do people easily understand that? Well, when they have the information, they love it. They love the idea. Some governs, no. But most of the population loves that. Business people, everybody loves the idea to have this construction because they know how the world is becoming. And that's the way Internet allows the model to work. So what happened is, they must use this approach of the model to market as the only one organization that is running successfully in that future model, the model for the future. Sounds like what you're telling me is that the marketing has to increase, to increase the globalization. That's what needs to happen. Anything else? Well, to do that, you need to involve people, engage people, and not only engage people, maintain people, engage it. These are two things not so easy to do. ICANN is doing a pilot now that is quite interesting for the community. This is on board community pilots. And I do believe that I was in this session, this meeting. And I really love that's what is needed because what we have now in ICANN, we have people, each constituent, doing their market itself. And you know, ICANN is not in a professional way, let's say clear, not a professional way.  Not only the model, these needs to go to the school for people with 11 years old to understand from where Internet comes from. Simplify what it's about. Make it simple, make it clear, many language surrounds, and make people understand the future is that. We need that for continuing to use your model. That's great. So it's marketing, professional marketing issue. I'm an engineer. But you understand the need. I understand the need because I run many organizations and companies in my country and it's necessary. Vanda Scardazzini, thank you so much for taking the time to talk to us. Yeah, it was my pleasure. And I do believe that that is a lot of people that is really loved the idea to make this grow really and make this global and then they're stood by most of the people because deserves. Yeah, I understand. Thank you.


Hey guys, what is up? Welcome to my channel. For today's video, I'm going to be trying out two new luxury products. I was going to do an individual review on these, but I just decided to mush them together into one video. It saves me time. And if you're interested in one product over the other, I of course will put timestamps down below. But we are working with the Chanel Fleurs de Printhe tips. Blush and highlighter duo. And then I also couldn't resist the Dior Pink Secura Quint as well. So I don't know exactly how well these are going to go into one look. But I'm just going to save myself some time and test out both. So if you want to see how they turn out and just keep watching. Hi guys, if you're new here, my name is Morgan. I am a parodic knowledge enthusiast. I just love knowing anything and everything about all of the new makeup on the market and sharing my thoughts with you guys. Both of these items are from the spring 2021 collection and there are other pieces in both collections. But first let's talk about Chanel, shall we? So one of my goals for 2020 was to get more into Chanel. Mostly because you guys are always recommending Chanel products to me and I just, I've been longingly wanting to get into Chanel. There's some things that don't really interest me but there are some things on the other hand that do really interest me and I had to pick up this duo. So also in the collection it looked like there was two eyeshadow quads but I read somewhere that they aren't available in the US. They were on the website and then they weren't. Anyways, I was mostly interested in the little blush duo as well. So can I just say ordering from the Chanel website was quite exquisite. Just unboxing this was so stunning. Then you open it up and then you got the blush. So the blush is going to come in this packaging. This is the Fleurs de Prinzeps. I think half of the reason why I never wanted to review Chanel was because my pronunciation was just downright embarrassing. But this is the box that it comes in. On the top it says blush and highlighter duo. It comes in a Chanel sleeve and here is the product itself. I'm going to zoom in so you guys can get a closer look here. I just love it. Here is the back. You can see that the product is made in Italy. Let's see, 18 month shelf life, 8 grams of product. So this is why I needed this product. So when you open it up, get this little guy. I don't, it feels pretty nice honestly. And I mean, as you can see, this is why I wanted this product. So this side is the blush, then we have the highlighter. So facts about this guy, it is $70. I picked it up from the Chanel website. And it is a limited edition powder duo with a satin-y peach highlighter and a radiant coral orange blush. It is created for their spring and summer 2021 collection. Obviously it's embossed with a floral motif. So I'm just going to try it out. Then we'll get to the eye. I haven't touched it yet because I couldn't normally I'll swatch at least before I get into a video, but I had to show you it in its prime. So let's swatch now. Hmm. So it doesn't feel super duper soft, which is fine for a cheek product. You can see it's actually quite pigmented. Looks really pretty. Normally not the colors that I go for for blush, but I'm very, very excited about it. So let's try it on. I'm going to use my blinged brush at 14 brush and we're going to apply just a little bit of the blush. So I did a few taps. That is stunning. And if you're curious about anything else that I'm wearing, it will be linked in the description box. So it does have a very natural sheen to it. And this is just the blush alone. And if you hear noise in the background, they're doing some work outside and it's quite loud and annoying, but I won't let them ruin my day or my video. But that's a really gorgeous blush. It's a beautiful coral color. I don't normally go for this type of color, but I'm into it. Let me try the highlighter now. I'm going to use my Kaleidos H1 brush and we're going to go into the highlight. Here we go. Ooh, that has a really nice sheen to it. It's more reflective than I thought it was going to be. I notice a slight hue on my face. It's almost like a little bit of a cast, but it's okay because it almost extends the blush but also makes it a highlight. So you'll see on my skin tone, it might get just a touch more orange, but ever so slightly. And it looks okay because it blends in perfectly with the blush. It just looks like the blush has blended out, but when you turn, it's a really smoothing, pretty highlighter. Now you'll see a little bit of texture is emphasized right here. It's highlight. That's the name of the game with highlight. I always say it is stunning and I'm going to put a little bit more blush. Put everything on. So this is one of the few Chanel products that I own, but I really, really enjoy it. Now if you ask me if I think it's worth $70, when you buy from Chanel, you're simply buying for the experience. And I must say, this is a very good experience. Everything from the shipping to how it came packaged to the beautiful embossment and application. I think everything was quite seamless. I'm very, very happy with my purchase. I think it is so beautiful. And believe it or not, I don't have a lot of cheek colors that are quite like this. So for me, this was worth it. Do I think it's worth it for everybody? No, but if you're looking for that luxury experience, as somebody who doesn't have a lot of Chanel, I really, really like this. Let's move on to the eyes. And I could not resist the Dior Pink Secura Palette. Now this came out as a part of their spring collection as well. So we have this quint. And then they also came out with a couple of trios. And I have a review of those trios. I'll put them down there. They were called the Tree Oblique Eyeshadow Palettes. Those were not good. So I was very happy to see that they had a quint. And actually I did see it looks like there's a collection of quints for the spring that came out opposed to photo right here. I'm not as well-versed on early luxury makeup releases, but I did see that there was more. But this one I purchased from the Dior website. So this is available right now. It is $63, which again, it's very pricey. You're paying for the experience as well. And in here, this again is untouched or getting this first impression experience together. You'll see it has the Dior Embossment. It has the two applicators. So it looks like in here you get two satins, a shimmer, a matte, leaning a little bit satin, and then a glitter shade. So let's swatch these. Okay, so these are some rough swatches. So you'll see that these three shades, and it is a little bit washed out from the lighting, but you'll see that these three shades are quittier. But the matte blended beautifully. It was very, very pigmented, very opaque, but still isn't patchy on the hand, and the shimmer is just okay. I'm not as well-versed in the newly formulated Dior quints. I have some that I still need to play with. I think I'll do a video kind of showing you them and swatching the ones that I have, and my mom has, because my mom's really fell in love with them. But yeah, so far I'm not in love with the swatches, but let's not base on swatches. Let's just get into the application. I'm using a little bit of Urban Decay Primer Potion as my base. This is such an OG. I remember using this, like, since 10 years ago. So I'm starting off with my Isam B34, and we're taking in this satin-y shade right here. Gonna run this in the crease, like so. You can see it does have that satin finish to it. It's quite light, so it did create a nice shadow on the eye. I think it's prettier than it swatched, but you know, it didn't swatch very pigmented, and it's not super pigmented on the eyelid, but it doesn't look like it would be a pigmented color anyways. We're gonna try this matte shade, which honestly was the most impressive swatching-wise for my personal taste. So I'm trying to use a very light, subtle amount because I want to build on later. That's beautiful. I really like this shade, and if you just use a touch, you can get a very subtle, sophisticated eye if you're not looking for anything smoky, but I can see this building up to something quite smoky. I'm gonna put just a touch of that down on the lower lash line as well in the outer part. Esum W21, we're gonna try out the middle shade now. So this is the only true metallic or shimmer shade. I'm gonna put this in the center of the lid. I think it pulls a little bit lighter color-wise, but it's very pretty. It's not anything crazy metallic or foiled. It's a very sophisticated shimmer. We're gonna go for this soft kind of powdery lilac shade. I'm using an Esum V27. This is just gonna very subtly brighten up the eyes so you can see it does have that little bit of shimmer there, little bit of reflection, but very soft. But I do quite love how that opens up the eye. I'm actually gonna take some of that on the top of the brush and open it up down here as well. So I left the inner part of my lower lash line blank. I'm glad I did because now I can have this nice, bright-eyed effect. Then finally, I'm gonna go in with this icy lilac shade. It's more icy than lilac, but it goes perfectly in this quint. You guys, I was not sure about this quint when I first swatched it and applied those first two colors, but it really came together and I think I really, really like it.  All right, so I've gotten myself together. I am very pleased with both of the products. So I already said my piece on this cheek duo. I think it is absolutely stunning. Everything from the presentation to the product itself to how it blended onto the cheeks, I recommend it. So if you are interested in this product, I definitely give it a thumbs up. It is stunning. And then as far as the quint, I feel like we went like this for a little bit because I bought it. I thought it was beautiful. When I first opened it, the very first unboxing, it was in bad lighting and I was like, ooh, this is not as colorful and pretty as I thought, but in good lighting it actually is as pretty and beautiful as it looks. Then I swashed it and I was like, I don't know. But then I started applying the colors and truly it is a beautiful quint. I don't think it's for everybody. If you like very, very pigmented shadows and a lot of shimmer, a lot of dimension on the eyelid as far as texture, I don't think this is for you. However, I think this is a fabulous, sophisticated purple palette. I think it's going to be great on mature skin because you don't get crazy glitter or texture or a consistency that's too thick. This is going to look beautiful if you have more of a mature skin type, but you still want that little pop of color and it's very customizable as to how purple you actually get it. I think for typically what I prefer, you guys know I love that texture. I love that dimension. I love the different glitters and the thicker consistency. I love that, but this is a nice change. It really is a perfect, sophisticated eye look with this quint. You can't expect any less from Dior, honestly. If I wanted those crazy formulas, then I wouldn't go towards Dior. So if you like the Dior formula, I think this applies so much more beautifully than its swatch and I really, really am happy I ended up picking this one up. So I hope you guys enjoyed this little try on with me. I just wanted to try on these products because I spent so much money on them. So I was going to get a video out of it. So let me know your thoughts on these products down below. I will link them if you are interested in picking them up. And I will see you guys in the next one. Don't forget to subscribe to my channel and like this video, all that good stuff. And yeah, bye.


Good afternoon everyone. My name is Chetan Singh Solanki, I am faculty at Department of Energy Science and Engineering and I have done my PhD in solar energy technologies way back in 2004, so last 15 years I am working on this technology and I have been trained to develop the technology on solar cell. What also we are doing at IIT Bombay is I am heading what is called NCPRE which you people visited, National Center for Photovoltaic Research and Education where we are really kind of researching on the very fundamental aspects of the materials, solar cell design, fabrication of solar cell, module, reliability of modules, power electronics, whatever under the sun that you need to know from right from the material till the integration with the generation of power and integration with the grid, everything we are doing it. But as I said what I am not going to talk to you is about technology, lot of us actually develop a really wonderful technologies but not every technology reaches to the people and therefore this experience that I am going to share with you with my colleague Prasad Jainder and we have been working on this project together for many years now is an example of how that can be done. All right, so the project is called Solar Urja Lamp project, Sol and it is really touching to the souls of millions and millions of students. So Solar Urja Lamp is actually the lamp is for the study purpose but before that let me give you the background that there are 17 sustainable development goals, you might be aware about it. One of the goal that is goal number 7 is a very important goal, what it says is ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all. It is about energy but it touches every other sustainable development goal, whether it is about the poverty, whether it is about literacy, GDP, income, empowerment or even climate change, everything has a relationship with this goal number 7. So basically I wanted to tell in 2017 what are the status of the world, you know, 1 billion people still did not have access to electricity, 1 billion is almost 13-14 percent of the world population, 2.8 billion people did not have access to clean cooking, 40 percent of the world population. So they would be using biomass, cow dung, wood, coal kind of things, you know. Can you imagine the scenario that we are in the modern, the most modern world and we have all kind of technologies reaching to the moon and Mars and what not but 40 percent of the people in the world still do not have access to clean cooking. The worst problem is use of energy is also affecting the climate change. So whatever action that we do using energy, it is affecting the climate change. And we need energy because energy drives our growth but on the other hand, energy is also resulting in the climate change. So these are the two opposite ends of the problem. Also for Indian perspective particularly but actually not only India's perspective, many countries are passing through the phase that they are, most of the population is very young, almost 30 percent people in India are very young. We need a lot of energy, you know. There is a population growth that requires energy. There is a GDP growth that requires more and more energy. And India also imports a lot of energy from outside by the way.  We import oil, we import gas, we import, you know, nuclear fuel, all kind of things. The current per unit capital electricity consumption is almost about 1000 units. And if you go by the average of the world that is about 3,500 units, you need 800,000 megawatt of power plant capacity in India. Right now we are about 350,000 megawatt. So again, huge capacity addition is required. Why I am putting this context? Because you should understand that this path, if you continue to walk on this path, you know, it is not really going to give you sustainable solution. Why this lamp, which I'm going to talk about is very important because the education is very enabler, a great enabler in every country. And in India particularly, a lot of students in a rural area are almost more than 70 percent. And if you look at the number of enrollment of the students in the urban area and rural area, you'll find that the drop out rates. I mean, the curve is much steeper, the yellow one is much steeper for the students from the rural area as compared to urban area. Now, there can be many reasons for that, you know, there is access to the school itself, the teacher, the quality, everything. But one of the reason that plays a role here is availability of electricity. Until, unless the reliable electricity solutions are available to them, it doesn't work, the continuity of education is not there. So, as a result of that, many countries around the world, what people do is provide them solar lamps. Why? Because solar lamps are very simple, stand alone device. You can buy it and supply it and you can supply it in a very quick way. So, if somebody really wants to provide a basic light, it can be done using solar lamp. And everybody has been doing it, right, in India, or in why India, everywhere in the world. So, if you look at the first kind of solar lamp came in India in 1976. So, it is almost more than a four decade that such a programs have been happening. But it was not very successful and that is where the innovation that we have done in terms of the technology, in terms of the operations, in terms of the materials, in terms of the supply chain, everything is very important. That is what I am going to share with you. Before that, let me show you a small video to put the whole thing in a context. This is behind the strength and relationship of India, our village. Gandhi Ji had said that the future of India is hidden in his village. Gandhi Ji, we all live in this. Through his research projects, many people have been contributing to the development of the country. In my mind, it always used to be that, how can we use the education and technology that we have studied. And many children who live in villages, who are unable to afford light in the evening to study. If we can use such children using solar energy, using solar lamps to arrange electricity for their studies, then it will be a very good thing. In our project Million Light Project, we are trying to reach up to 10 lakh children using solar lamps. In this project, in particular, we are involving the people of the village, in which the people of the village make lamps. The people of the village are the ones who make lamps. And the people of the village also work on repair and maintenance. All right, could you notice what is the solution? Solution is of course solar lamp. But the way we provide solar lamp is very important. And as I mentioned that, what we do is we involve local communities to do each and everything. But how we have come to this idea, I would like to share two kind of project which did not work very well. One of the project that I started in 2008 and 2009, Ekal Vidyalaya is like one school teacher. And these are the very informal schools, runs in a very remote rural areas, where children go to the field in the daytime and they could not access to the regular schools. So they actually go to the schools in the evening. And when I went first time to this village and in the middle of somewhere, we stopped. And I said, probably we lost the road. He said, no sir, the place where it is trending is actually road. So you could not even figure out the ways to reaching of these villages. And there are many villages like that. I found it, what people used to do is study like this in kerosene lamp. And so this Ekal Vidyalaya is what people do. They will take the kerosene lamp, they will walk to the school. The school is very informal as I said. In somebody's house, they gather together and study in the kerosene. So what we have done is, we have provided them a solar lamp. Now at that time, this lamp, as you can see here, is about 5 watt CFL based lamp. And around 20 people, 25 people could sit. And we got a sponsorship at that time and we provided solar lamps to some 500 villages. This went to many places. So in UP, in Madhya Pradesh, even this photo I think belongs to Tamil Nadu somewhere. So there are like, it was very nicely distributed. And as every other solar lamp program, there was a lot of fun fair that project implemented. 500 villages, so many students are using this. One of the problem of this kind of approach was that the light was not reaching everywhere. So we did small experimentation. Why don't we put it above the ground? Then as soon as you put above the ground, then you will have the shading problem that the base will actually shade the light everywhere else. So then we said, why don't we hang it upside down? So what I have done is, I have separated the base of the lamp. These are very old photographs, some of them got access. And then we connected another wire and the light was hung on the top. So in that way, the distribution was better. Well, these are some of the experiment that we did. But within five months, six months, seven months, the lamp stopped functioning. Sometimes the battery will not be charged. Fuse will not be working. Or even if some people tell us that my lamp is not working, we couldn't do anything because there is no way we could reach out to so many different places. At the same time, I did another project, as I said, with the Teri, the Light of Billion Lives project, where the whole model was a little different. What in this model was that you actually create a central charging station, charge all your lamps at one place. The user will actually pay the rent for using it. So the user will come to the center, take the lamp in the evening, the charged lamp, use it overnight, and then bring it back in the morning so that it can be charged again. So I did three villages with this kind of model, my village and the neighboring villages. But after five, six months, one year, it was same. The lamp stopped working. Nobody would come to repair. Lamp was also expensive so people could not afford it. So in 2012, one of the problems that I identified is this mechanism of buy and sell. What everyone will do, state governments, central government, NGOs, those who were running the program, they would buy and sell as a result of that the product will become expensive. Why? Because somebody will make it, somebody will buy it, then it will be transported. Second problem, I figured out that there's no technical support. So many times the lamp is a very simple device and the problems that were with the lamp are very simple. Like sometimes the fuse will not be working. So you need to change the fuse. Sometimes the soldering point will get off. So you need to solder it again. Sometimes the battery will not be properly charged. So it's a very simple thing. But as a result of this, the products will actually fail prematurely. They will not work throughout the life. And that is the case not only with the solar lamp but all kind of solar product. It is the same story. The third problem is every time because we are buying and selling, the continuity is not there. So if somebody is buying and providing 500 lamps, if somebody wants to buy one more lamp, 501, it is not available. As a result of that, the solar solution never becomes a continuous availability is not there. You understood everyone? So this is a basic problem. Not only this technology, I believe with every technology. Your mobile phones are working everywhere because you find some guy who can actually give recharge of 10 rupees also. You can find some guy who can actually repair a phone in every corner. So similar thing was required. And not only required, then we also found that even if there is electricity connection in the houses of people, still solar lamp is required because when we are talking about study purpose, for studying you need about 150 lux of light. And the lux is a unit of light. You measure how much lux is there. So for example, on your table, you will have something like about 150 lux of light. So that is kind of intensity that you need. We measured this in various houses, almost more than 2,000 houses. We measured this in various states like Punjab, Haryana, UP, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh. What we found among 2000 households, that majority of them will have the light level very, very low. What does it tell you that even if there is electricity, there is not sufficient light on the book. And in villages, there is no table chair. So the distance between the light and the floor will be higher. The light will be typically hang in between the two rooms. So therefore, it will be distributed to wider areas. And another problem, even if there is electricity connection, the supply is not continuous. So there is fluctuation in voltage. There is a fluctuation in the availability of the power. There is a power cuts, all those kind of things will be happening. So together, first of all, when there is no electricity, we need a solution. Even if there is a full electricity 24 by 7, we need a solution. And even if there is a partial electricity, we need a solution. But the solution should actually solve the problem of affordability, availability and repairability. So that is what our lamp came in picture, that if you look at the needs of people, and there is a energy ladder, so people need electricity or energy for basic purpose lighting. One basic lighting like torch and the flashlight that you use. Once that is completed, people would like to eliminate every room, every house. Once that is there, you would like to have fan. You would like to have refrigerator, TV. Then you would like to, of course, irrigate their forms. And then finally, if more energy is available, you will use it for the production purpose.  So this is the entire energy ladder that we needed to work. But one of the most basic thing is providing them light for study purpose. As I told you earlier, that we wanted to solve this problem of access to the light so that everybody can study well. Now the three problems that I have told you, we thought there could be three solutions. It's a solution included, how do we find and make the product affordable? How do we involve the local community and how do we saturate the area with which we work? By the way, the program for 1 million solar lamps, that we thought we implemented from IIT Bombay. 1 million is a big number by any standard. And we wanted to do it in one year time. So therefore, the speed of the whole operation, the scale of the whole operation and the skill level that required in the local community was very important aspect of it.


Hi, Tom. This is Ashley with Oxmore Toyota. Thank you so much for your recent interest in our 2015 Prius floor. I was able to get you the E-Price that you requested and I went ahead and sent you over an email a little while ago with all that information. When you get a moment, please give me a call. My number is 502-247166 or you can also email me back. Thanks. Bye.


Good morning everyone and welcome to class. Hope you had a good week so far. Any of you are in-person students for public exams. They had a good student exam. Some of them were hesitate, right? I see that questions you had. Some of them had multiple choice. Today is not their exam. I am thinking more relaxed. Smiler faces. We will begin with the word of prayer. Can I ask any one of you? Can I ask Sam to lead us in the prayer please? So you can answer my questions. Sam will you lead us in the prayer? Yes ma'am. Thank you. Father God we want to say thank you for this wonderful day. To learn and to know more about you God. Lord we want to say thank you. Help us to learn more. Help us to be focused on what we are learning about our Father. And Lord I pray that your presence would be with ma'am who is teaching about our Father.  God I pray a lot Jesus that we would be attentive and focused on what we are learning about our Jesus. I want to say thank you so much for you. In Jesus name I pray. Amen. Okay there is something called Anand. I don't know if he is one of the students. He is not well. He is unwell. What happened to him? He was unwell. Again. Father God what do you mean? All of you are giving it to everybody else. Okay we will look at chapter 7 today. Dreams and visions. All of what I did last night. Some of you did see yourself writing an exam. You had a nightmare of an exam. Okay. So we will look at chapter 7. Dreams and visions. Okay where is Nina? Sean is also not here. Sean is not here. Who else is not here? Anand. Okay. Okay we are going to try season where God has promised to pour out his Holy Spirit. Okay because it says in the last days that God gives him jewel. Okay chapter 2. God says in the last days that he pour out my Spirit upon all flesh. Okay we also read about this in Acts chapter 2 verses 17 and 18. It says in the last days God says in the Holy Spirit of God bless you. Your young men shall see visions. Your old men shall dream. Dreams. Okay. So we are in the last days of the end days. And there is going to be an increase of visions, dreams and prophecies. So all of you are going to get dreams and visions and prophecies. So get ready for it. Prepare yourself. You know firstly when we are going to sleep in the night we need to consecrate our minds to God. You know we always consecrate our spirits, our wills, our intentions and body but we need to also consecrate. What is the meaning of consecrate? Ask God to sanctify our minds. Okay so that we can hear what He wants to speak to us in the night. So you know dreams can come from three different ways. You know one can come from God. Second way dreams can come from our minds and other minds are occupied with your own things. If you are occupied with exams you can speak anything about like an exam or something like that. When your mind is occupied or thinking about something to allow the body or the grief. You can also get dreams based on that. So dreams are when your mind is occupied. It is also when God is speaking to us. You can also dream and get dreams in our minds. That is why that is called as bad dreams. And again bad dreams you know that is basically from a demonic intervention. So does God speak to us in the dreams? Yes how do we know? We always look back to scripture. Psalm 16 verse 7 says that God gives us counsel and instructs us on the night seasons. Night seasons means what? During the night. During the night what God does? He instructs us. How does He instruct us? It is when God speaks to you on dreams. Even if we look at Job chapter 33 we are on page number 92. If we look at Job chapter 33 we see that in verses 15 and 16 it says in a dream in a vision of the night. When dreams sleep falls upon men. When we are slumbering on our beds. Then God opens our doors of men and sees their instructions. So what does God basically say is that when we are fast asleep on our beds. Number is deep sleep. He speaks to us. He opens our doors. It is not physically yours but it is a spirit man. A spirit man here. He holds things and speaks. He opens our doors of our spirit man. And our spirit man can hear what God is saying in his true dreams. So why does God give us dreams? Why does he speak to us in our spirit man, in our spirit ears during the night? Because he wants to instruct us. He wants to guide us. He wants to prevent us from being something that we are going to be something that is called. So dreams serve different purposes. We will look at some of the purposes that dreams serve. First of all dreams are ways that God meets with us and encounters us. Notice the meaning of encounter when it is basically meeting and speaking to us. So we see in Genesis chapter 28 when God meets with Jacob. Our promise is that he will dream. He will give you and you will descend to the land of which you are.  You know Solomon, he will dream. God will ask him at night.  What does Solomon ask for? Why does he ask for wisdom? To rule the people. To rule the people because he is the king. He doesn't know what is right and wrong, what is judgment. So to rule the people and to God. So please let us know what to ask and we will just bless him with. So it is just God meeting with us. We know that God is here. He speaks to us. And he speaks to us. He speaks to us as two dreams.  Some of the dreams that God has been able to speak to us in our dreams is basically to encourage us. Now when Paul was in Poland, this is in Acts chapter 18 verses 9 to 11, Paul is in Poland and they are speaking in the synagogue of Jews and we know the Jews. They don't want to believe in him. So he is so frustrated. He decides to go and speak to the Gentiles.  Keep on speaking. Don't be silent. No one is going to attack. Nobody is going to beat you up. I have many people in the city who are going to kill you and listen to you. So don't be afraid. Keep on speaking, continue to speak. So this is basically God encouraging us to dream. So it's not basically God is teaching us instructing us, guiding us, preventing us from doing something that is wrong. But it's also dreams of God encounters us, leads us, basically encourages us and of course it instructs us and also teaches us. So in, you know, to Joseph who is going to get married to Mary in Acts chapter 1 verse 20, the angel appears to Joseph in a dream and tells him, you know, don't be afraid to take Mary as your wife. Because, you know, what is conceived in her is of the Holy Spirit. So just basically though he also instructs and teaches us. He also directs and guides us. For example, you know, Joseph, God tells him, don't go back to Egypt. He was giving all the cookies. And when Heaven is dead, God tells him to dream. He will go back to Israel. We also see how God directs and guides us. Gideon, when the Midianites had come to fight against the Israelites and Gideon was a judge, he was very afraid to go and fight against the Midianites. Gideon was moving forward to prove that God wants him to go and fight against the Midianites. And then one night when he is walking around he sees two men walking in one room and says, in my dream I saw a big arrow for break which is pulling down and falling into the Midianite camp and the whole camp was destroyed. So the other man said maybe or maybe he was saying that God was going to give us victory over the Midianites. And when Gideon hears that he believes the meaning for fighting against the Midianites except for the soldiers and they are going to fight against the Midianites because God was going to give them into our hands, we are going to give them back. Because it is for the persons dream. So just God directs them and guided them for fighting against the Midianites. Also to dream for these are future. For example, in the Bible for God dreams that he gave to people he guided them into the future Jacob Joseph Yes, Joseph he sees the sun and the moon and the stars are going down to him and then he sees himself in the center with his sheep in the center of the sheep's light and you cut over the brain stock and then they get violence and they teach it for the person. What do you say I don't know So he sees his sheep in the center and all the other different sheep's around him and his brothers are going down to him and so what is the interpretation of the dreams brothers and father and father said, you know are we going to bow down to you? Are we going to bow down to you? That is a dream that God was telling him something about the future what is going to happen Remember when Joseph was thrown into prison what happens? The baker, the king's baker and the cup bearer madam dream and then Joseph very shuffled and so Joseph says, okay you tell me not dream So the cup bearer says you know why after the king leaves and I saw myself squeezing the leaves and pulling in the cup the baker saw that he was carrying bread on his head you know in a basket he was going towards the canvas and the bird of the air was lifting up the bread that was on his head So what was the interpretation? It says in three days you know because the three branches are lying with the grave so it says in three days you know there is a cup bearer who will be reinstated to the position as cup bearer for the king and he tells the baker and in three days he will be you know having a commentary and who will the birds of the air will get your question it happens just like he said and also we know that when Joseph was thrown into prison the bearer madam dreamed you know he saw the seven fat cows the seven wheat cows the seven fat goats eating up the seven you know the seven wheat the stock of grains eating up the seven fat grains and the seven lean cows very thin, holy looking cows lining up the fat cows okay so what was the interpretation? you know Joseph was called because nobody was able to interpret the tree Joseph said seven years of abundance followed by seven years of abundance seven years of abundance he tells the king he will store all the grains because of famine and the abundance the abundance so much of wheat that couldn't even keep us off how much wheat they were storing you know and then there was seven years of severe famine of the beach but surrounding areas people from all over the nation came to buy grain because just because the king had this dream and because Joseph had the interpretation for the king it's about your future you can also hear this another dream about your meeting with the king Daniel Daniel chapter 2, Daniel chapter 4, Daniel chapter 7 Daniel chapter 2 where the king sees a statue you know the top part was made of gold and the stomach was made of silver and you know the thighs were made of bronze and the feet was made of clay so that was one dream and then there's a hand another dream in Daniel chapter 4 he sees a tree without birds of the nest and then the tree was stuck down the damn damage of the seven regals at Daniel itself sees the four beasts which is talking about the whole time so all these dreams God was making something about the future that is going to happen and we must interpret it likely and you know so God can even give you dreams about your future so you don't only just hear the inner witness of the Holy Spirit the voice of the Holy Spirit that they've learnt about but also dreams and visions that God can speak to so he can reveal even things about the future he can even reveal secret things to you okay so remember Daniel chapter 2 when king David had a dream he said I'm not going to tell you the dream but you have to tell me the dream and the interpretation and what did his officers say no human being can tell you what your dreams there's only some God can tell you so then they called Daniel and all the officers to death so Daniel said don't keep the officers you know just this life time and then with it and how to change that then like when he was having a dream God revealed the dream after the interpretation of the dream okay so he reveals the secrets of men's hearts okay to us so we see that Daniel said there is a king the dream and the interpretation of the dream okay so he can even reveal secret things to you about the secret things to you true dreams are you excited all of you are dreaming now okay don't go to sleep okay I don't want to call you physically but yeah okay then the other thing is the true dreams God don't correct and be align us in here this is about King King of Gerard you know when Ibrahim goes to Gerard one of what happens Abhimanyu said Serah and she's beautiful and what does Ibrahim say she's my sister yes he's so scared he's a wife and we see God Ibrahim and take this Serah as the king's wife so the king brings Serah to the palace you know but in a dream the king is showing the dream that you know this is not who take her as a wife she's not a man's wife and then the king realize that this is you know Abhimanyu's wife and says why not you like to me so God can even correct us and be align us to his will to his purposes true dreams okay we also see that Meloni also alerts us and warns us the wise men when you find the Christ the king when you find the king it is all come back everywhere there is but when the wise men found the king Jesus in a dream they were saying we have to go back to but they went to another path and they left we also see that Laban Jacobs following you know Laban treated Jacob and then God tells Jacob expand to we go back and then when Laban was not there we got away to share this she comes back and realize that Jacob is left with his two children and all of us and the little frogs and so he goes searching for him seven days and you know in a dream you know don't do anything to don't speak to Jacob go back and let him go okay so in a dream God wants us Joseph in a dream in Matthew chapter 3 was the dream that tells God tells him go to Egypt don't go back to Israel and in Matthew chapter 2 by 33 God tells him now he Egypt and go back to to Galilee and they go to Nazareth also in Matthew chapter 27 was the pilot you know Jesus went to be a doctor for pilot for judgment and night before his wife was in a very troubled dream and she said to the pilot he says don't have anything to do with this man because this man is in hostility this is what I actually Yeshah you have to speak a little louder please but that was not in a dream that was physically happening you know Moses was being killed and she realized that because he did not fulfill the circumcision which we had so she got some skin and she puts it on Moses it says you are a bride who won't do that today but that was not in a dream that happened in Egypt okay okay so here we see that God wants us in all these things he feels features to us and connects us and lights us, connects us features us, guides us and leads us through dreams okay so we must be open to receiving dreams so in the night when you go to sleep you know consecrate your mind and say God I feel like that's my mind maybe you are dirty filthy things you know sanctified things but the blood you know so that when your mind is consecrated God can speak through your mind dreams and visions sometimes dreams and visions we can see pictures that are happening you know and it's very clear God can show you somebody you know that person who is somewhere you get an accident or maybe God is born you know something like that but sometimes you can see symbols you can just see colors so what you can do is when you see symbols colors you can go back with Bible and see what the symbols and colors can mean you can really understand you can basically write it down okay keep it written down so that you can you know later on you can a God will be and also if you can just write it down in me it will get about you see God what are you trying to speak to Holy Spirit revealed because the Holy Spirit reveals the heart and mind of God to us it reveals God's way to us okay now we look at dreams we look at visions now just like dreams happen when we are asleep visions basically happen when one is awake dreams happen when we are asked to sleep visions happen when we are awake but in both dreams and visions we are basically seeing things it's both dreams and visions we are receiving messages from God it is something that we can see pictures or dreams and visions but in dreams we are faster sleep in visions we are we are awake okay are you all awake okay so the inner witness of the Holy Spirit how do we receive from the inner witness of the Holy Spirit through the inner witness of the Holy Spirit how do we receive things remember we learned last week on the 8 o'clock on the 8 o'clock through impressions just feel an impression okay we also saw that God speaks to us through the Holy Spirit speaks to us how does he speak to us on the voice of the inner voice that is through words so when Holy Spirit speaks to us through words and we receive inner witness of the Holy Spirit is through impressions but when God speaks to us through dreams and visions it is through visions so there are numerous examples of the Bible where people saw visions and they were faster sleep but they could see it one of them is Abraham and Genesis chapter 16 you know when God comes to him and what tells him you know I am a shield you know you are a blade so Abraham says God should clean what do I have I don't even have a just let me finish this I don't even have a son you know my inheritance is going to Kelly his son that is my son with son and then God promises it but I don't know it can't be your son but through your own body to Sarah's body you know God promises him and that is through visions as he gives visions we can also see Jacob had a vision Genesis chapter 46 you know where God tells him go to Egypt that was through visions Bala the king that had hired him to prophesy against so every time we went to prophesy against Israel the visions God shows him the prosperity of the land and the unofficient he sees the lion for example about the future we also see that you know people see in visions people see angels you know they came to Zechariah in chapter 1 and tells him that he and his wife had a son we also see comedians had a vision remember I was speaking of a feeder comedians in the last few classes you know comedians was a gentile and you know in the vision he had a vision a man from Jopah who was named Simon was living with by the sea you know and the angel sent him to Jopah you know called for the man called Simon and bring him to God so this is through visions that he sees an angel and the angel Zechariah in Luke chapter 24 we read about Jesus 5 years and you know Jesus is resurrected and he joins these people and he is asking about Jesus' resurrection and all those things that happened so Jesus is getting into a conversation and he said how about you know you know Jerusalem we know what happened Jesus goes on to explain everything to them and then these people say that you know this woman they went on to the church and there they don't see the body and then you know in the vision he says angel and angel says to the living among them that he is already risen okay so the women and the two of us in the vision see the angels okay sometimes we can see into the spiritual realm okay visions we can see into the spiritual realms for example when Elijah was taken up Elijah was dead and he was able to see in the vision Elijah just taken up too so even in the vision sometimes we can see into the spiritual realm sometimes we can also see you know suppose in the vision I am here but I am also in the other place where I can see what is happening they will give you an example remember Naiman was the Syrian commander I have heard he told me about him as example the Syrian commander who was had an advocacy he came to Israel because the servant girl told him there is a prophet there and he comes and Elijah doesn't go to the Jordan River he said seven times remember that last week also I gave you an example and so he gets here and comes back and he wants to be bowed it's important and Elijah refuses that he refuses to accept it but Elijah serve and he has to go to school where the pastor is so you know after sometime he runs behind Naiman he says you know some prophets have come and you know it will be nice if you can give me something so I can give them so he gives him bowed it's important he takes everything he has and Elijah tells him what does he tell him was not my spirit with you was not my spirit with you that means Elijah was there in his house but his spirit was looking at what he had as he is doing on the road even as Naiman so sometimes we can be here but we can in our spirit man and our spirit man can take someone else in a vision and show us what's happening in that vision and we can even see through visions in the spirit in that sometimes we can just see in to heaven like Steven when he was precipitated just before he was stone or as he says I see heaven open and the son of man is at the right hand of the father and everyone sees that's what he does for me that's my way stone Steven too so sometimes we can even see into the heavenly so sometimes we can even others are not able to see what we can see now all this is not just for us to see in the Bible or read about the Bible no we can also desire I see a lot of desire to see visions show me I want to see the spiritual realm show me what is happening and things like that desire that we are not minds are contemplated first things take us in the spiritual realm or take us in some way and actually show us what is happening so God can give us visions to guide us and direct us now there are different kinds of visions that we see in scripture but these are not just we just want to mention a few here this is not what we see in all the ways that God works He always works God can think of anything creative creative ways that we can give us the first one we see in the Bible is about spiritual vision example given there is Ananias and Saul when Saul encountered the God of Damascus he becomes blind he is taken into Damascus city and Ananias vision is like a movie that we see he is actually seeing Saul and God is telling him go to the street and go to the house of Judas and then ask for a man or Saul of Damascus so he is like a movie that we see in a spiritual vision and then when we see that Ananias exactly follows that he is led to Saul and now Saul his blindness is broken he is baptized and later he is baptized into water remember this example I did just from Acts chapter 16 verses 9 and 10 when God in a vision shows a man from a vision he sees a man from Macedonia remember man from Macedonia is standing here he says please come and I pass it pass it on here and you see the Paul and the Steve aligns on the important pass it on here to reach the gospel on page number 96 and talk of page 97 you know I pass the shares an example you can read that later the next is the way that we can see visions first one is first one the spiritual vision second one is true trance ok a trance is when you lose consciousness of the natural world I am standing here but I don't can't see anybody I can't see this whole thing this whole called when you lose consciousness of the natural world I am able to see a spiritual vision I am able to see a spiritual vision a good example of a trance again this example I gave you 2-3 times when you were looking last week the trance when Peter Peter was on top of the terrace he was very hungry and then what happens he falls into a trance the trance meets you see there's a lot of people ok just give me a minute sorry I saw that I was too late what is the mics I think we are changing to it's the microphone so what do I change it to sorry it's on default only but they are saying it's echoing too much remember we changed it because we wanted to hear that in last week so this microphone is right ok so then what we will do we will put this mic and then mix now does it help Tisha now is it ok we can hear you but in between like few words we are not able to understand I think that's because of the internet connectivity is not too great now is it ok yeah it's better little bit ok fine sorry I saw you were too late I just got carried away ok so trance is when Peter sees this whole vision in the trance he's lost consciousness of his world but he's able to see the spiritual realm what does he see a big white sheet and that goes what all and it is empty and it is not in the other hand ok so God will basically carry him you know go down and wait for you you know three men might be waiting you know go with them and then take you where you need to go and ask any questions three only ok so first one you know God saw this vision second one third one is true open vision now open vision is when we don't see pictures or visuals we are able to see clearly into the spiritual realm at the same time we are aware of the natural world I need to understand trance is when you lose consciousness of the natural world ok but open vision is when you are aware of the natural world ok you don't see any visuals but you are able to directly see into the spiritual realm but trance is when you see a visual because he saw you know sheet and and it was not conscious are you able to understand the difference between trance and open vision yes open vision you know where you are you are able to be conscious about the world around you you don't see pictures of visuals but you see clearly into the spiritual realm the example here is about transfiguration you know transfiguration when Jesus went up to the mount he takes you along with him Peter James and John and then they see Moses and Elijah speaking you know God's voice this is my beloved son please hear him so here what you see is basically open vision you know they are mounting they are not seeing any visuals they are not able to directly see Moses and Elijah and hear the voice yes open vision open vision is similar to spiritual vision yes spiritual vision yes but spiritual vision you see pictures and visions you see pictures and visuals and you know you see with the eyes of the spirits the spirit man and he sees pictures and visuals they are not directly seeing into the spiritual okay yes what a good question okay so another example is Cornelius as well you know before Peter goes to Cornelius we know that in a dream he sees an angel he knows where he is in his house he is literally seeing the angel it's not a vision or a picture that you see the angel is telling him what to do send men to to Joppa to a man called Simon Peter who is staying with us another man called Simon whose house is better see all details here he is able to see clearly into the spiritual time it's not just things and not the pictures and visions and also being conscious about what is happening sometimes the fourth one is visions when you are traveling in the vision when you are traveling in the vision you are going to places in the natural world or in the spiritual world in visions but your spirit body is in one place my spirit body is here but I am doing somewhere else in the natural world and I am doing somewhere else in the spiritual world but where is your spirit soul and your body in one place and you can travel to any job capital area or you can go in the past or you can go into the future for example is Ezekiel Ezekiel he was in exile in Babylon but God takes him to traveling in visions his body soul, mind and head his body is there his spirit is there in Babylon but God takes him to Jerusalem and shows him the temple so that was traveling in vision and also in Vatican chapter 8 you know he is taking and God is going to show him what is going to happen in the future it will be good to read all over scripture passages it is very interesting when you are traveling in a vision basically your soul, your body and your spirit is in one place but you can see in another job capital area or you can see in the spiritual but when you transport it in the spirit your body and your soul but your spirit actually travels in the back to any other job that you have placed all into the spiritual for example Paul was caught up in second heaven second Corinthians chapter 12 when he was caught up in heaven how was he caught up? that was Judah in the spirit he became a spirit he went also we see when John was caught up in heaven he was shown all about how heaven is he writes the book of Revelation that is also when his spirit went up to him so that has been transported in the spirit man but sometimes we can also be traveling in the spirit but our spirit soul and body is in one place but we are able to just see in a vision do you understand the difference? sometimes we are traveling but we are traveling in the vision our spirit soul and body is in one place we can travel with the spiritual reference for any geographical area but sometimes we can even be transported in the spirit which means a spirit is taken up a spirit is going traveling to another geographical area or even traveling to heaven so this is the difference between these so these are five ways that we see in the Bible about how people see visions okay and we also saw about dreams so we open to dreams and visions and ask God to show you and also give you the experiences that Peter and Daniel and even Joseph and Jacob and everybody had you can also experience that and you will not be speaking in 99 any questions on this chapter? in the Bible in the Bible yes so this is the gospel then we will see no he was there physically because he says the Bible and then after this he was just taken up that I can't really say what that was it's a good question but he receives that in a dream in a dream or in a vision he tells him to to see that I don't know I can check on that I think we we looked at it in the chapter 8 we looked at that about in the previous chapter we were learning about the voice of the Buddhist spirit in chapter 8 yeah that's the voice of the Buddhist spirit the spirit said to Philip that was not in a dream or a vision chapter 8 is actually when he hears the voice of the spirit telling him okay so he is physically going there then he is taken away in transport action in the case good question anyone else has any questions yes Sean Rin said Philip you know when the Buddhist spirit tells him go out on the the challenge that's it tells him that in chapter 8 chapter 8 was chapter 8 was chapter 29 the spirit said to Philip go here and over take the the challenge that's all he gives in the instructions and he sees when he goes there he sees the utopian reading his ideas then you know Philip interplexed sorry sorry you didn't understand what trans is sorry okay what is your question Sean okay a trans is a trans is like a vision but when you lose consciousness of your surroundings and you are able to see a vision of pictures in the spiritual that is called actually open vision is when what is the example of open vision open vision is when you know Peter James and John they go they're not they don't lose consciousness of their surroundings they know where they are they don't even see pictures and you know visuals but they've actually seen into the spiritual that is a vision a trans is you don't directly see you're receiving from the spiritual realm but you're seeing visuals and pictures but you don't you lose consciousness of your surroundings that's trans okay John that's what John is when it's a transported in the spirit the spirit is transported in the sense trans can be for everything trans won't be can't be yeah you can that's why you need to be very careful if it is a demonic dream then you know it's very distrable it's very legal can be even has a little amount of you know filter not clean things because you're basically looking at things that you've been seeing visuals such as movies or series whatever and so you can see this you're on you're picturizing things any more questions interesting lesson right this is chapter 8 prophecies you know prophecies how do we receive prophecies nobody saw it yes these are basically messages that we receive from the Holy Spirit do we see prophecies born in the Old and New Testament prophecies born in the Old and New Testament yes okay what is basically prophecies what are the future what are the future what are the future what are the future what are the future what are the future other people prophecies we always think of this there is something about the future but look at what first couldn't be in chapter 14 was thesis very important can somebody read that now read what are the future predictions acho and you yeah so what is basically prophecy is when you're telling somebody prophecy you're comforting them how you're comforting legacies saying hey they say God knows what I'm going through he understands he sees you know they'll see let comfort and love as well basically Fedrian超thinged them you know God knows he was building them going their Spirit man their relationship with God was also Sorting it, also building them up, strengthening them up spiritually, okay. The word of God says in 1st Thessalonians chapter 5 verse 20 and 21, can somebody read that? Yes, so I said don't despise prophecies. I won't say who's prophecy. I don't think he's a prophet. I don't think what he's telling me is right. He is just, to my saying something, you know, it didn't happen at all. So it may not have happened but this person may be telling you or may be telling you through that person something is going to happen in the future. So don't despise prophecies but what should we do? You have to test prophecies. Just don't receive every prophecy that you receive. Test prophecies hold on to what is good. Okay, so hold on to what is good. Leave aside what is not right. Okay, what does not come from the Holy Spirit? Because sometimes prophecies can come from God. It can also come through the person's natural mind or thoughts. It can also come through sometimes demonic voices. So we need to test prophecies because why? Because it's coming to a human person and they are not perfect. Okay, so the best way to test prophecies is how? What is the best way to test prophecies? The Word of God and also ask the Holy Spirit at the inner witness of the Holy Spirit. See if your prophecy that you receive is in line with scripture. Okay, so we come back after the break and see how we can test prophecies. Okay, see you all after the break.


Hi, Professor Gerald Friedman, Department of Economics, University of Massachusetts at Amherst. And we're here today to talk about, is inequality good? This is actually a two-parter. The first part that we'll do right now is utilitarianism. That's another one of those words that you can take home and show off to your parents or your younger sister who's always like, you're embedded in you, well throw utilitarianism at her and ask her if she knows what it means. You all know what it means. And that will put her in a place, right? Okay, utilitarianism is the idea, which goes back to Jeremy Bentham, an English philosopher of the late 18th and early 19th centuries, that social policy should be directed to produce the greatest good for the greatest number. Note, this was a revolutionary doctrine because it said we should value everybody's happiness equally. So, a policy that maybe increased some poor guy's happiness on the streets of London more than it increased the queen's happiness, Bentham would approve of that. The queen was no special person. Everybody was equal. Everybody's happiness was equal. Bentham, by the way, you can still find him, not only on Wikipedia. Go to the University College London, his body was preserved, and it's on exhibit. You don't believe me? Google Jeremy Bentham Body London, and you'll see pictures. He was ugly, even in life he was ugly. In death, okay. Some utilitarianism, we get this basic graph, diminishing marginal utility. You know about that. This is standard orthodox economics, diminishing marginal utility. This is where they get the demand curve, a downward sloping demand curve. What they also should get from diminishing marginal utility is this, a graph showing total utility in a society as a function of the degree of inequality. Lots of inequality where, you know, the rich get lots more than the poor. The rich are down here, the poor are up here, they're very low happiness. Total happiness. As you take from the rich and give to the poor, reducing the level of inequality, you're taking from somebody over here, they don't care. They already have so much, they don't even notice that you took some money from them.  Yeah, take a little more. They still don't notice, the rich still don't notice, but the poor are like, not only can I feed my children, but I can take them to a movie occasionally and give them clothes. So total happiness goes up as you take from the poor and give to the rich. And that continues until everybody is at the same place. The same level of happiness, the same marginal utility, the same income. Total happiness for society is maximized at a level of no inequality. An egalitarian income distribution, remember that sister of yours? Tell her you favor or oppose an egalitarian income distribution. Egalitarian. That'll impress her. You'll send her looking for a dictionary. Once you have an egalitarian income distribution, what happens if you keep taking from the people who used to be rich and giving to the people who used to be poor? Those who used to be rich start moving down this line further. Yeah, they benefit from giving them more money, but not all that much. And the people who used to be rich are moving up. They're starting to suffer now.  Oh, can't buy new clothes. Oh, can't afford to eat. So the diminishing marginal utility means that once you move away from egalitarian distribution, once you move away from equality in either direction, you're worse off. Taking from the rich to give to the poor raises total welfare. Taking from the poor to give to the rich lowers total welfare. It doesn't matter who's poor or rich. Total welfare is maximized at an equal distribution. Now, you may think this is unfair, which is fine. This is utilitarianism. This is bentham. You may not like bentham. You may think it's unfair that redistribution is unfair. Shouldn't take from anybody. Robert Nozak, the late Harvard philosopher, wrote a whole book about how taking from anybody to give to anybody else is a form of slavery. You can trace that type of argument back to John Locke, the 17th century English philosopher, although I think Nozak misinterprets Locke a little bit. But, yeah, but Nozak, by the way, is very good looking. Not like bentham. There are other reasons, by the way, why you might favor an egalitarian income distribution. And John Rawls, another Harvard philosopher, one not as good looking as Nozak, argued an insurance motive for inequality. If there's diminishing marginal utility and you don't know where you are going to be on the distribution, what sort of income distribution would you want? You don't know whether you're going to be here or here. Have lots of stuff or very little stuff. If you don't know, then you would try to minimise how bad things can be. That's a rational motive under uncertainty. It's what people often do. It's why they buy insurance. What's the point of insurance?  You won't be all the way up here if something bad happens. What are the bad things that could happen? You could be born blind. You could be born blind, deaf, and dumb, and sure play a mean pinball like Tommy. Yeah, those things can happen. What sort of distribution of income would you want if you don't know where you're going to be? If you don't know if you'll be the blind kid or the far-seeing kid.  You don't know if you'll be a-rod or somebody who gets washed out of single-a-ball. If you don't know where you're going to be, you'll want an egalitarian distribution because that minimises how bad things can be for you. You would want to make sure that the poor, the blind, the incompetent are well cared for. If you don't know whether you're going to be one of them or one of the successful people. If you don't know whether you'll be homeless or live in a mansion, you want everybody to have a decent house. And that would be Rawls' argument, supplementing Bentham's argument for an egalitarian distribution of income. Okay, next we'll be talking about another approach to income distribution. But for now, have a nice day. Thank you, bye bye.