Hello dear learners, welcome to this lecture on the unit titled systems approach and structural functional approach. This unit is from the BA second semester course titled political theory part B. Now we have already learnt about modern approaches such as behaviouralism and post-behavioralism in a previous lectures. In this unit we shall learn about some other modern approaches namely the systems approach and the structural functional approach. Modern political scientists have looked at politics not in isolation but as a product of the social system. A diverse range of influences from the social, cultural, economic and legal environments affect the functioning of the political system. Thus the two modern approaches namely the systems approach and the structural functional approach aim at studying politics in a comprehensive manner. Now let us first discuss the systems approach. The systems approach is a modern approach as we have already pointed out. The political systems analysis seeks to relate political science to other social sciences such as sociology, economics, psychology and anthropology. The basic idea of the systems approach is that all social phenomena including political, economic, cultural, sociological etc. are interrelated and affect each other. Accordingly political life cannot be seen in isolation from other aspects of social life. Political life is the outcome of a set of interactions between different subsystems. Having discussed the background of the systems approach let us now proceed to discussing David Easton's political systems theory. The systems approach makes an attempt to explain the relationship of political life with other aspects of social life. The idea of a system was originally borrowed from biology for by the American sociologist Talcott Parsons who first popularized the concept of social system. Later on David Easton further developed the concept of a political system. A political system includes not only governmental institutions such as the legislature, executive, courts of law and administrative agencies but also such organizations as political parties, interest groups, channels of mass media, political phenomena such as riots and demonstrations etc. According to the systems approach a political system operates within an environment. The environment includes the political, social, economic, legal, moral, cultural environments. Accordingly it is not possible to analyze political events in isolation from other aspects of the society. In other words influences from the society be it economic, religious or otherwise do shape the political processes. The environment generates what we call demands from different sections of the society such as demand for reservation in the matter of employment for certain groups, demand for better working conditions or minimum wages, demand for better transportation facilities, demand for better health facilities etc. Again there exists what we call support for the political system which may be manifested in different forms. Examples of support include payment of taxes to the government, respect for public authorities, symbols and ceremonies, obedience to laws, paying attention to governmental communications etc. Both demands and support constitute what Eastern calls inputs. The political system receives these inputs from the environment. After taking various factors into consideration the government decides to take action on some of these demands while others are not acted upon. Through the conversion process the inputs are converted into outputs by the decision makers in the form of policies, decisions, rules, regulations and laws. The process of conversion depends on the capacity of the political system and distribution of resources among others. The outputs create reactions and responses in the environment which are fed back into the political system through the feedback loop. Feedback is a dynamic process. Information regarding the performance of the political system is communicated back to the system through the feedback loop affecting the subsequent behavior of the political system. It may also give rise to fresh demands and subsequent output functions. Accordingly feedback is a cyclical process. When the political system functions as we have discussed we have a stable political system. When the political system breaks down and cannot function as we have discussed we have a dysfunctional political system. So learners this brings us to the end of this particular section on the political systems analysis propounded by David Easton. In the next section we shall talk about the structural functional approach. Now let us discuss the structural functional approach which is yet another modern approach to the study of political phenomena. Structural functionalism as an approach has its roots in anthropology and sociology. It sees society as a complex system characterized by the presence of structures performing different functions in terms of customs traditions norms and values. The structural functional approach looks at both social structures and social functions performed by these structures. This approach treats the society as a single interrelated system where each part of the system has a definite and distinct role to play. Initially theories of functionalism were propounded by anthropologists and sociologists like Melinovsky and Ratklik Brown. Subsequently these theories were adopted by Talcott Parsons and Marion Levy thus a new framework of analysis emerged in the field of sociological discussion. Now let us look at Gabriel Almond's structural functional analysis. Talking about the political sphere several new factors in the modern period such as adult suffrage, emergence of political parties and pressure groups, new moods of communication, media etc have brought about new forms of structures and new spheres of functions. Accordingly in the 1970s Gabriel Almond and Bingham Powell applied the structural functional approach to the field of politics. According to Almond political systems need to perform a set of functions for sustaining itself. These functions are performed by different kinds of political structures. The structural function approach may be regarded as an offshoot of the system analysis. The structural function approach may be regarded as an offshoot of the system's analysis. Gabriel Almond defines political systems as a special system of interaction that exists in all societies performing certain functions. According to him the main characteristics of a political system are comprehensiveness, interdependence and existence of boundaries. Like David Easton, Gabriel Almond also believes that all political systems perform input and output functions. The input functions of a political system are political socialization and recruitment, interest articulation, interest aggregation and political communication. Political socialization is a learning process. It implies the process of transmission of political norms, attitudes, beliefs and behavior from one generation to another. Accordingly political socialization helps in the shaping of the overall political culture. Some of the agents of political socialization include the family, school, peer groups, mass media, religion, political parties and workplace experiences. Recruitment implies the process whereby members are recruited into the specialized role of the political system whether as members of political parties, candidates contesting elections etc. Primary groups such as family and school are capable of playing this role effectively. Interest articulation means the processes concerned with the formulation and expression of opinions, attitudes, beliefs, orientations and preferences of different sections in the form of claims and demands for political action. Interest articulation is the process whereby the diverse interests in a society are converted into political demands. This function is best performed by different interest groups. Interest aggregation is the process whereby the diverse interests are combined by way of accommodation and compromise so that such political demands may be given a concrete shape for policy formulation. This function is best performed by political parties. Political communication is the process whereby different components of a political system such as individuals, groups and institutions transmit and receive information with regard to the functioning of the political system. The mass media can play an important role in this regard. Again, Alman makes a threefold classification of governmental output functions relating to policymaking and implementation. These output functions are rulemaking, rule application and rule adjudication. Thus Alman believes that a stable and efficient political system converts inputs into outputs. Alman's structural functionalism is not free from criticisms. It is pointed out that the approach is basically modeled on the western political system and hence it is not suitable for the study of developing countries where there are many problems based on religion, caste, language, ethnicity, poverty etc. However, despite the criticisms it must be said that the structural functional approach by stressing on the study of structures and functions have provided a systematic tool for empirical investigation and political analysis. Thank you. On the other hand, how much we can, that is, how much the authority, the human authority and the re-doctor logon, how much we can contribute to the development of the system. The most important aspect of this study is that, however much we can contribute to the development of the system, the political, the authentic, the unscritical, the democratic, the ethical, the and the corrupt, the un-self-reliable. Following this, let us look at how much we can contribute to the development of the system. Based on the study conducted by Abhaghi, make it clear that the reformation of the system, the creed of the system of the system is the objective of the development of the system. American Hamashtabtabil, Talcott Parsons, Zivavigyanor, and Hamashtabtabil, and David Easton, and Hamashtabtabil, and David Easton, and Hamashtabtabil, and David Easton, and Hamashtabtabil, and David Easton, something to write down in terms of your wealth. It's quiteicing if I am right. But why we have to focus on lives? Ours are still larger, and we, we have matrix upon matrix,Love buys itinson as a small factor. They also deal with their political views. To solve this issue, use the-------------dabbi benefits of all the different families. The-------------dabbi benefits of all the different families, you can use the-------------dabbi benefits of other families, you can use it for work, you can use it for the well-being of people, for the good of the people, and you can have good health care services as well. The government will support these Socialists with support. At the same time, the response will be very responsive. The government will provide assistance to the supporters from different groups including Rajahoba Prabhakhan, Pratik, Utkha Onush tho, Khaaman Buddha, Nia자� Prati Anugatiyabuddh, government Prasargukhana, Adibroti Gurtha Prodan etc. This is the reason why the DAB and the HOMOTON are considered to be the best inputs. In the national system, the DAB and HOMOTON are the best inputs for the government. The government has established the DAB and HOMOTON for the various jobs in the country, and it has also established the DAB and HOMOTON for the various jobs in the country, and the DAB is the best input for the government. Rupantara Koran Prokriya conversion processor majedi khiddhanta brahankari hakale upadag khomu hak utpadan loi rupantari ta kare, hodhat inputs of outputs loi konfatt kare. E upadang homu niti khiddhanta bidi wevastha aro aeno rupat dekhapabhule pari. Rupantara Koran Prokriya tu rajnautik wevastha tu khyomata aro khompadar bitanar upadag nirharki. Upadang homu hain pari wekhon protikriya sistik kare jibi lag protikriya sakkara majedi puno rajnautik wevastha tu khomai pare. Protikriya feedback hoise ata goti khil prokriya. E notun dabi aotar falastrutik utpadan kriya ru utbhap kare boh pare. Hei falar para sabole gole protikriya ata sakkara kare prokriya hi sabhe gaun ne kare boh pari. Zetiya rajnautik wevastha tu e ulekkara dharane kajya kare, tetiya ami ata khusti rajnautik wevastha paboparu. Zetiya rajnautik wevastha tu bhangi jai aru ulekkara dharane kajya na kare, tetiya ami ata bikol rajnautik wevastha paun. Devidistanar wevastha boh bislehon tu hokoludhanar rajnautik wevastha kajya karnar bevoharik bislehonon prokriya boh pari. Wevastha pok disti bhangi madhyamedi, Devidistanar hokolupokar rajnautik wevastha bohigyanik aru bevoharik audhyanar babe ata hadharon gathane sisti kuri sin. Etiya ami gothan aru kajya bikhaik disti bhangi bikhae alushuna kare. E disti bhangi tu e, homashkhanang ata ekak anta homparkajukta wevastha hi sabhe garniak kare. Jot wevastha tu protek angare ekakta ni disto tata bikhista bhumi kathake. Parambik wevastha, ni tattabit aru homash tattabit jene melanamski aru redcliff brown, kajya bikhae tattahumu ar provokta asil. Parabati homar, e tattahumu telkot parshans aru merion leviye rahon kuri sil. E dore, homash tattik alushuna bislehonar ata notun bhiti sisti hol. Gabriel Almondor gothan aru kajya bikhyae bislehon. Rajnautik puri khortu katha alushuna koi le, eti protek kha kora jabo jhe adunik homar, bimin na karak jene prapto vayaskar butatikar, rajnautik dol aru pravabh gustir abhirbhabh, hong jug madhyama notun notun aru hi itya dir abhirbhabhe notun prakara gathani aru kajya puri khorti sisti kori se. E anukrame, binkha khortikar, hottar dahakar Gabriel Almond aru bingham pawele, rajnautik hattar gothan aru kajya bikhyae bishti vangitu prayuk kuri sil. Almond aru pawele, etu monubhabh bhyakta kuri sil jhe, rajnautik bhyavastatuk bujibulay, hong gothan aru lagate, rajnautik bhyavastatur kajyaa kolap homahar bislehonu projonyo. Rajnautik bhyavastatur gathani aru kajyaa wali te mol gurutta aru pita hai. Almond aru mate, rajnautik bhyavastah homahe ya aru bohan khyomate aukkhun na rakhi bulay, kisi man kajyaa homahadha kori boh lagi boh. E kajyaa homu bivinna prakara rajnautik gathani aru homahadha kore. Gothan aru kajya bikhyae bishti vangitu, systems approachar pora utbhok bhubhabhuli ko bhopari. Gabriel Almonde, homahazok ek anto homo pora kore gothi to bhyavastah buli bhi besonak kore, ji bhyavastat protektu aungkhoi ek needis to aru bikhek kajyaa hompadan kore. Te aru rajnautik bhyavastar khutro tu ene dhanu aru bohan na kori se. E aru bhaap adhan padan aru bikhek bhyavastah, jitu didha rito kisi man kam kora protikhan homahazok te botaman. Te aru mate kulu ek rajnautik bhyavastar pradhan bhukhisto hol bishtiti comprehensiveness, antronibor kilota, interdependence aru sarihimar aavastiti. Ishtar aru nisi na koi Almonde bisak kore ze hokalobur rajnautik bhyavastar upokoran aru aru input aru upadan aru utpadan aru output kriya hompanna kore. Rajnautik bhyavastar upokoran karjabur hol rajnautik hamazikoran aru nyuk hamazik protyakha prokakh. Rajnautik bhyavastar upokoran karjabur hol rajnautik hamazikoran aru nyuk hamazik protyakha prokakh interest articulation hamazik protyakha homanna interest aggregation. Aru rajnautik homzu. Rajnautik hamazikoran hoise ek hikon prokriya jar dara egorake bhyakti aru rajnautik pori khatanar proti distibhangi aru diksiti aru uttakore. Yer dara eta samar para anita samar lau rajnautik adorakha distibhangi bisak aru prokriti preron bhyavastak bujibopari. Ane dore rajnautik hamazikoran ne homangro rajnautik hankshritik gordyar khetrol hoi kore. Rajnautik hamazikoran aru ketbur kata hoise poriyal bhydyal hoi homonyar dol gana madhyam dharmya pratistan rajnautik dol aru nyu obigyota. Nizhukti protriya dara rajnautik dol aru hodascha nivasanar protidandita kora prakthi ityadi hi sabhe rajnautik poddotir bhykhek ghumikar bhyakti hokulok nizhukti kora hoi. Hodda rajnautik niti dora bhybhyrna prakare hema aakporabho prakhoi prokhikhandi dokhyo koritula hoi. E humikar palon kora khetrol poriyal aru bhydyal hoi dore pathomik gurkhamu aurik dokhyo. Hamazik protriya kha prakakor aru ishe bhybhyrna staror lukya dabhi aru sartor lukod rajnautik karjar bave utthapankara matamot, distibhangi, bisak, digstiti aru, ogratikara aur gotham, aru, prokak poddotir. Ehi karjya hobatu koi karjokari bave sartho gute kori bopare. Hamazik protriya kha homan noi poddotir dora bhyrna sartho humuhar homan noi hadhan kora hoi, jate khei rajnautik dabhi khumuhak gurkham jukyo niti loi poinita kori bopare. Ehi karjya hobatu koi karjokari bave kori bopare. Rajnautik jugajuk poddotir dora, rajnautik poddotir bhyrna upadan jane byokti, gurk, aru, onusthane rajnautik poddotir tur karjok hongkrantar, tathapreon, aru, gurkham kore. Ehi khettar, gana prasar madhyo me gurkthapur na bhumika palon kori bopare. Almonde aku, sarkara utpadon karjok jane niti nidharon aru tar karjokori karon adi tini tashre nit bivokta kori se. Ehi utpadon karjoketahol niyom probaton, niyom proyuk, aru, niyomur dara khiddhanta prahon kora. Ehi dora, Almonde bhi chak kore jai ek stai aru karma khukhal rajnautik bhyobastaye upakaranak utpadon loi pori boton kore. Dhanyaban.


This is better pirate Doon-doon-doon-doon-doon Cowardly valedys parker valedys parker welcome to my friends list as well I Have yet to try grenade like the Russians. I mean Russians are just crazy. So of course they would do that Of course, I'm not even surprised at all. I didn't even leave mark today No, I did not leave a mark. I did not leave a mark Um, you know what would be an interesting crossover if our wizards went to Skull Island for a side quest and We were wanted for being scion of Bartleby and a huge bounty was on our head.  That's not cool From my granddad. Well, I'm not gonna answer that at the moment. I am probably asleep. No, not really Which like what lie should I make up?  I'll call them after stream Call them after stream.  What is the problem with people? That was a weird voice crack. Um, I Don't understand some people I barely ever call anybody like I Literally only text people but people always seem to call me and think it's a good idea. I don't understand why I really don't Really really don't understand why they think it is a good idea To call me when they know I'm probably not going to pick up. I might but probably not Is this in I think this is in Florensa I think I think it's in Florensa pretty sure Probably maybe Right. I was correct. It is in Florensa. Good job. Good job me Good job me Would you answer if I voice called you on discord?  Geez That's crazy. Is that where your life fountain was bound to because that's really crazy What I'm not even gonna mention the other reasons and get my head out of the gather I'm confused. I'm confused. I am very confused with this revelation here Dylan, what are you doing?  Oh, no. Oh, no. Oh No, don't worry. We have a buck near we should be fine Let's die together. Yes the power of friendship No, let's not just die on our own. Let's die together At least die together These battle angels give me PTSD This whole area gives me PTSD and it's the same and was as well same and was That's Kane by the way. He's he's trying to say me, but I'm not gonna happen I'm on a diplomatic envoy mission. So it can't do it Yep Very friendly, thank you for the follow Righty-ho, let's Let's get some dodge up real fast got to get all that dodge. I'm treasure bath. Sounds fun Bonnie can just chill there. I Make you really really scared. I absolutely hate this room.  I mean Yes Stay confused about that. Okay. I will automatically assume we're gonna die. I love it. I mean, it's true.  Okay, that's good That's good. Thank you. Thank you ducks. I will stay as close as I can to you Right, here's some accuracy and dodge don't don't Don't not dodge and do actually hit problem solved Problem solved all the blood flames. I love it. I love it. This is great off to a great start This room gives me nightmares as soon as they introduced this room into whiz.  I apologize. I need news chair. I really do This one's getting a bit too squeaky for my likes This is quite a small pair. This is a small boy She wants to speak she sure does she sure does Right Crit sure thing you can do that El Toro can do that. Not you. Horky Lee is not El Toro. What are these guys? These guys are bladestorm repost first strike repel borders I don't kind of I kind of don't want to just go up to them, but I'm gonna do it. I'm gonna risk it I'm gonna risk it for the biscuit. Oh Authorists authorises OP as we found out previously on pirate 101 Andrew yes, that is my name. It was nice knowing me. Oh, no. Oh, no This does not sound good at all. I think Horky Lee's may be toast here, but that's fine. I don't have biscuits today I don't have biscuits. So um That's unfortunate. I drag giving you some ear support ear support. Oh God their thing is just way too good like their dodge just so good Okay, there's one down it's a good start good start Biscuits and gravy sounds so good Yuck that sounds gross.  So that's fun And biscuits plus gravy. I assume you mean biscuits is unlike the scum things because they're not actually called biscuits In New Zealand, I know Horky Lee's is an epic hero though.  See I'm good. I'm I'm good It was a strategical decision to send Horky Lee's to his near doom, but he didn't die. So that's all that matters That's all that matters here all that matters He can say hi to his uncle Hades So true So true, but he did a good job there. He did a really good job You have to admit that you have to admit he did a good job of destroying It could have gone terribly wrong and it might go terribly wrong still Can you stun him please? This is like the most important time to stun This is why I gave you Venge 3 It's actually so much easier with more people than just one I remember soloing this on my witch doctor and that was a pain. That was terrible. Absolutely terrible What's a gravy? gravy is disgusting stuff I'm surprised that they don't have gravy in Lithuania really really surprised about that. No hate, but I'm just surprised 500 no we're not gonna do that. That's that's dumb VA there No, we're not gonna do that. We're just gonna go like that. You did strength. Okay. I'll do some agility Done okay, hopefully Hopefully we should not be crad on as much now That we little bit of agility will help us significantly right Chantel popping off the hair Burst fire. Okay, where she would that's good. We're not we're not too bad here. We're not too bad here GG now for the battle angels But wait, you thought we were done. No, there's more the battle angels have arrived or will arrive so much gold though Oh shut up Queen.  Just please shush Thank you. Actually, I'm gonna put Gracie in I'm gonna do Gracie just to get some traps and stuff I think that'll be fun There's different types of gravy. There's like liquid version and slightly thicker version Basically, it goes on things like mashed potatoes for the extra flavor a lot of salt and food like chicken fried steak and biscuits I don't understand how you can have biscuits or as you call them biscuits and gravy that sounds absolutely disgusting But that's fine. I will Accept that America is weird. I accepted that a long time ago But you know who's whiz whiz whiz ducks, we're gonna stand by ducks and hope we do well Right, I'm doing that we are gonna get a Sluggish cool sluggish sounds fun Blast them with the dog ball. I have the dog ball. I think I put it in the wrong spot, but it's fine. I tried Probably put it in the wrong spot, but I tried Um Kaboom Okay, there's some agility noise chickens Biscuits and gravy is a breakfast food sounds weird Sounds really weird Sounds really weird. I couldn't I just don't understand.  So that's probably why I Actually really just like gravy.  Good job.  I did it I did it Just give me the chicken and you'll be fine fair enough Do I hate brown gravy or what's white gravy that sounds weird What's the stereotypical snack in New Zealand? Probably chips I would say Great flame placement Okay, we don't need that Okay, do we need more dodge? We're actually gonna do that real fast Bonnie is just gonna move there Gracie is gonna summon a thing right there because that's fun And we are gonna go for agility so we don't get crit on all the time Like bought from the grocery You eat normal biscuits biscuits are Biscuits are quite popular not the bread biscuit type like cookies. I guess it's probably the correct terminology since there's too many Americans here Um White gravy is thicker Kind that goes on biscuits. I Just don't like gravy full stop. I don't understand the crave for gravy. I really just don't gravy is gross and I hate it No matter what type of gravy it is. I hate it Sources are okay, but gravy just no just no I Think I found bacon flavored cheetos That's interesting. We don't really have cheetos over here in New Zealand Or at least I've never seen them. We might but I've never seen them relentless nice work There's one down. We're just playing this is very very safe as you can see repel borders up first strike Vengeance right buccaneers are fine. He'll be fine. He got lots of damage and If you hit me, I'll hit you sort of dealio going Vengeance strike our first track first and then vengeance strike Stunned which is good Cookies with bacon flavor. I don't know what they are. Yes. I am from New Zealand That sounds yikes You know what else sounds yikes gravy just saying Just saying Just saying gravy big yikes for me Big yikes for me Every chip you see it's expensive if you buy a laze a teffel Yeah, chips can be quite expensive. I don't really eat too many I don't really snack as much as most people do Yeah, you're the first person that I have met in game that is from New Zealand really it's so weird I I thought that but I Jesus Christ Ripple Torah that was unfortunate. That's really unfortunate Geez Yeah, I've met quite a few people from New Zealand ever since I started streaming. It's a bit weird You know what else is yikes my reflection when I look it in the mirror, huh? No, that's wrong You are my first stream of the decade. Well, I appreciate that. I am the first stream of the decade for you Welcome to 2020 by the way Long time don't say yes it is welcome Fat Yeah, just yeah, that great pronunciation. Don't worry. Don't worry. Welcome back. Um, I Thought Was the only one I'm confused. Well, that means but sure. Thanks You're graduating high school in May nice congratulations Congratulations, I hope that all goes well for you treasure bath because you can't have too much gold Actually, you can You've been following for one year three months three days and one hour very important that one hour One hour is very important Yeah, welcome back my dude welcome back You got kicked out of high school, please tell that sounds like a great story That sounds like an absolutely crazy story. I want to know I really want to know But you don't know what to do. Don't worry. I I have that I am completely the same Don't force yourself to do something just because you think it would be, you know ideal You don't have to do that take some time if you need to as well That's my that's my thing take some time to figure it out. I would recommend taking a year off if you can Or just get like a really low-paid job and just like miss about for a year That's what I did last year and the year before basically and well the year before I Did like an online course that was interesting Last year I just worked full-time all year and that was again quite um, it was an experience I think just getting as much experience as you can especially if you don't know what you want to do get as much experience as possible Will really help Even if it's just like working in a factory or something It's more the people who you meet along the way that are more vital to you than anything else We're just getting a cyclist by the way. Griswold. I'm an ambassador if only we could go to Griswold. I'm too bad We can't Aquila an ambassador We can go to Aquila don't want to go back there. We will be soon though Right, let's go to the diplomatic residence If you got kicked out of high school You did something, right? I mean that is definitely one way to look at it Definitely one way to look at it You're working at a fast food right now for some pay because you're going to a community then transfer That's that's a good idea I mean as long as you kind of have like a sort of idea of what you like want to do in the short term You should be fine Even if long term you don't have anything Yeah Definitely making good connections is better than school most of the time not even sometimes quite a lot of the time It's more about who you know then Who you see? Oh, we're about to get Contessa maybe Here's a puppet show by the way, which we're watching Merchant companies were decimated Trade contracts were dissolved in the mercantile class was reduced to poverty The first resistance was formed by the remnants of the great mercantile houses our leader captain steed found a sport across the spire But we engaged the armada too soon the battle was spectacular route We sought safe haven it's called island But he for him refused us With the nowhere to hide the remnants of the resistance would eat he pray for the armada few escaped Steed the retreat to his village shame In the years after things grew even worse Cain isolated the aristocracy in a cloud of a luxury and indolence blinding them to the danger he poses The armada transformed the valentia city into a clockwork of mockery Relocating the guinea pig workers together below the ground Cain allied himself with the criminal crustacean families giving them a well and a power in return for service as he's a secret enforcers But now the resistance stirs again. We've learned from the defeats of the past and now we are working a secret Striking from the Ashantus The inner circle that the guides Right so we're about to get contesta which is cool We're gonna also turn down the dialogue again because we don't we're not actually listening to dialogue Just the I like listening to the um puppet shows they're quite cool There we go we have contesta by the way Look there's contesta look at her absolutely crazy. Um, what we're gonna give her is I don't know how many epic she has But we're gonna give her riposte and relent and Riposte three because it's a good idea to have um, I Kind of want vengeance as well, but also At the same time. I just want to deal as much damage as possible. So yeah, we're gonna give her agile As much agile as possible I don't really use contesta a lot on my witch doctor or my musketeer so it'll be interesting to see how I Use her here She does have a lot of nice Stuff so I probably will use her quite a bit We do need to give her like max dodgy is quite important in my opinion Max dodgy we will give her one more rough Then we should probably give her a couple of these I Don't know how many we have of this I'll do two of those and then one accurate just because we're gonna get that accuracy up I really suck at leveling up these Companions Yeah, we're gonna do that. We're gonna do that that will hopefully be interesting We'll see how that goes one companion training point as well for some reason Who can we train up? Gracie sure thing level 64 Gracie Conrad nice You can have What are your talents? Probably just go accurate Okay, right What did I miss should you get me pirate member you can if you want I don't really I'm probably not like the best person to ask and depends what level your characters are I guess And if you want to because I mean if you want to nothing is really gonna stop me from Stop you from doing it and if you don't then something you just find anything to stop you so it's completely up to you It's your money as well. You can spend it as you wish Um, what else do we have it looks like an 18th century thing the puppet show. Yeah, I like the puppet shows though Even though some of these valencian ones are not cool. Not as cool as the other ones. I like them. I really like them What's a good start of school for a first pirate for solo questing I would say which doctor personally That's what I started with and if you've played was it's definitely a very a very Familiar sort of play style So yeah, that's what I would say at least Right, let's do this. Let's get some dodge You can just capume You're gonna go walk in darkness and You can just do these guys have so much stuff so much stuff. I don't like them. I really don't want to Send him into his death We'll just do that Done move forward one step Used to play pirate but school names is what stuck in your head Yeah, I think which doctor which doctor is pretty decent for Wish doctors pretty decent. I would say there's probably other people in chat who would Happily give you tips and advice on what school you can do also Bonnie and popping off popping off. I love it Do that more often please Yeah Righty-ho bomb. No blood flames Not bombs blood flames Okey-dokey blood flames. Good job First strike second chance. No, thank you for dodging. I'm good at dodging. Trust me Geez All the dogs geez Even Hawkely's Dodgers, holy moly these guys have absolutely trash accuracy. That's great Hi dodge trash accuracy You didn't need to know this but I bought sneaky right as you started the stream, but now you know fair enough Sneaky's cool. Sneaky really cool Is dodge like resist and pirate? No Dodge is a completely different stat. There is resist what Resist is armor magic resist and then armor which is basically resist. There's two different types of attacks There's physical attacks and magic attacks. Obviously magic resist Resist magic attacks and armor resist physical attacks And then dodge is basically another stat that you can roll That you don't get hit at all, but that's based on the opponent's agility. I'm not agility Accuracy and if the accuracy is less than the agility The the dodge you have a Higher chance to dodge basically is kind of how it works. I'm probably explaining it in the most complicated way possible But yeah, that's basically out goes you can do the no not that you can do this kaboom and Hawkely's can do That sure done. Okay, that should be good Yeah Yeah, so that's kind of how it works and then there's other stats agility strength and will And the higher of those you have the list enemies will crit on you depending on what their classes and what one they use And the more you have the more you can crit on your enemies Plus it gives you a bit of damage. I believe as well. So yeah, very important riposte nice Okay contender is not too bad I think I definitely gonna rock contender a lot on my privateer just because I Need a lot of heavy hitters So, yeah Okay, didn't you didn't dodge that but that's fine. There we go. Bye Contested just one shot that dude. Good job Yeah, it's because of overwatch reducing the accuracy by half. Yeah, that is true. That is also very true But still, you know But still it's good very good very very good Is which dr. Like the death skill from was like they heal themselves back they can yeah, basically which doctors essentially was in a Was in a school. So basically all of the classes combined together Essentially, you can summon stuff. You can heal yourself back. You can do crazy RNG attacks like chain Chain lightning or whatever it's called Um You can you can't really heal yourself. That's probably the only one thing that you can't do but you can get cards that do that Anyway, um, so yeah, that that's just my opinion though other people probably who are more Better with the game can have different um ideas, but I would say Um, basically lacks life school But basically everything else is fine and you should be able to get a long way with just um draining Draining health if you need to as well. It's really okay. So I would definitely um recommend doing that if you have That um, oh we get to defeat typhoon, don't we that's right commander typhoon is up here


Good day, fellow investors. Today I'm going to go through the mechanics of going short or buying put options or hedging yourself, hedging your portfolio. And you will see that hedging your portfolio isn't really that expensive now. So let me immediately start with the mechanics of that. The first thing you can do is go when going short is to sell a stock short. This means that you borrow the stock from your broker, which takes it from somebody else. You pay an interest rate on that because you're borrowing, you're going on margin. So you have to pay a cost to that. And then you sell that on the stock market, you get your cash. Of course, that cash has to be kept as collateral. And then when the stock price drops, you rebuy the stock and return it to whomever has landed it to you. That's one way. However, that's unlimited risk, limited upside. The other option is to buy a put option. And here it is again risky, but you can get hedged, you can get protected. So you know, okay, this is the cost, your loss is limited, and the upside is unlimited. I'm going to show this on an example of in Tesla and how Ray Daily went short in Tesla and how it didn't work out, but he knows what he's doing. I hope so. This is the December 2018 2.5 euro put option on in Tesla. And you can see a year ago, the price was around 90 cents. Now it is around nine cents. This means that it has lost what 90% of its value and Ray Daily went short somewhere in the fall of 2017 when the price was around 25. So it lost more than 60% of its value since Ray Daily went short. So if the stock price doesn't drop below the strike price of the put option, you lose your money. Only if the stock price drops further, you start making money. This is the risk of buying put options. However, if those are as a hedge as insurance, then you don't mind, you're even happy to lose your money on your put option because you have made money on the things you are long. We can see here that the stock price went from 2.2 in March 2017. This is a little yearly chart and then it went up to 3.2 and now it's around three. So there are still options to buy in the long term, but where will Intesa stock be in the next three, six months, a year, two years? What are the possibilities to buy options? So it's a lot about timing. If you think that Intesa stock will be lower than 2.4 by December, then you might be interested in the nine cents 2.5 put options on Intesa for December 2018. Going back to the put option, if you buy it now at nine cents and the stock price drops, let's say to one, you will make 15 times your money. And that's what I call a hedge or insurance. You pay this if Intesa really drops down like a rock, you are very well protected. So it's interesting also to combine going long and going short depends on the price what you're paying for that. The key is that if you think Intesa will go to one and the price is 0.09 for that and it will go to one very quickly, you can be short, I don't know, six years, seven years by buying this nine months ahead puts because it will cost you pennies, pennies, pennies, pennies on the gains you can make. And that's a very long term risk perspective. However, it's counterintuitive because you are paying insurance for something. That's it. So you are paying, paying, paying, paying, paying and at some point in time you will lose your patience and you will stop paying and maybe just the next day the stock will crash. So again, it takes nerves of steel to be short. Let's look at other shorting possibilities buying put options. I don't like the unlimited risk of going short. So let's see what is the cost of hedging yourself from the SAP and the NASDAQ index perspective. This is the option chain for December 2020. So what a year and a half, a year, more than a year and a half from now, and you can pay $27 to be hedged at the current price for the SAP 500. This is the SAP 500 ETF. So 10% to be hedged for more than a year and a half. And then if that drops, you know you can't lose anything. So if you think that the SAP 500 will go much higher, much more than 10% in up in the next year and a half, and you are long, if you want limit your downside, you can buy a put option. Similar situation with the NASDAQ, again, to hedge yourself for December 2020, it costs 10%. Now going back on the hedges, is your BMW hedged, insured? Yes. Are you paying insurance on your house? Yes. Why people aren't paying insurance on their portfolios? Because it's expensive and it's not natural. However, depends on where you are in your life, you might want to think about paying for insurance. And if you like the risk, if you like thinking about that long-term asymmetric risk reward possibilities like shorting in Tesla now at buying an out-of-the-money put at zero at 9 cents, then you might also think about that as a strategy, but it takes a lot of learning and it's not something that you can just do, okay, let's try and that bet because that will lead to losses and wrong timing probably. So if it is part of a well-planned long-term strategy, then you might get interested more in the mechanics of buying put options as short hedges or as real tools to make money, especially if you know more about the stock than the rest of the market. Thank you for watching. Looking forward to the comments. I'll see you in the next video.


Good afternoon, everybody. Welcome. This is Melissa Armour, the Stockswish Review in Google. This is a really, really, really great option trade that I called yesterday that worked today, like all the other ones did that I called yesterday at Google. And this is out through next week. So I called the 1,110 calls, which was so well priced yesterday. I mean, I just was shocked at how well-priced this was yesterday. It was sitting right at the strike. So I called it at the strike to do and this ran up today and it's a huge trade. So it ran up almost 10 points for the strike. Actually, it did. It got over the 1,112 here. Yeah. So I called it out for next Friday. So you could still be in it or watch it into the close today. I mean, you're up a lot if you did this. What a nice call. So I called it based on the bullish gap that happened yesterday, which it did. And I saw that Google would break out two new highs and it did it. So I mean, I called this yesterday around one o'clock and I thought that this would take maybe about a day or a couple of days. It took a day to break out. So it did the break out today with the market, with the queues, with the spy. This whole sector has been just trading tremendously, not just this year, but all of last year. Power trend in Google today. So this really was a dream target today, 1120. For those people that are in the option letter and did the call, it got to it. So you either are out of this by the end of business today, or you're holding it through next week, but again, Monday markets closed. So do I think this continues to go over 1120? Yes. But you lose time value every day. The next target's 1125. So what a great move in Google today. You have to decide here if you want to get out of it though for the people that did the option letter. Again, it's your guys' account and girls' account. You're up the money. You got to make a decision. Could this go higher next week? Yes. Do I know what happens though with the market Tuesday morning and the gap because of three days being closed? No. So this, you could still be in until the close today, or you could be out of it. Let's just quickly look at the market. We're going to run up into the close. Oh my. We're going to run up into the close. So we definitely could have another, we could have a whole other bullish week next week. We could run up the next four days next week. I mean, these things could go to insane numbers.  So you kind of got to decide what you can live with because the profit in this right here now today is huge. So amazing ability for me to be able to see yesterday because this is what the chart looked like. I made the trade call there. Actually, it was red. Actually, I made it at one o'clock in the afternoon. So one o'clock in the afternoon when I called this, it was right around the strike. It was like 11, like it was like 1100. It was red. So yesterday, this stock was red when I made the call that it would pop and break out and it did today. So great eye, very good at reading gaps and very good at reading momentum. That's why people pay $5500 for my class, trade with me in the room every day and do the options. I mean, this year is really setting up to be a tremendous year for the market for volatility momentum. And that's why I think people should take advantage of it by trading. And the only way that you can make money in the market is trading and taking the trades. I mean, the sitting back and watching me do it or my students, you're never going to make a dime. There's a lot to be learned here about momentum plays, though, from these calls I made in the last 24 hours, which I talked about a little bit in the room yesterday morning. I'm going to talk about next week in the webinar on Tuesday. So we'll see where we go from here. But congratulations, everyone. You got to decide what you can live with for profit. It's got to the dream number today, though. And I will see everybody next week. Have a good day. If you're interested in the options letter, email me at Melissa at the stockswish.com or the Golden Gap class. You can email me at Melissa at the stockswish.com for that too. January 20th and 21st next weekend. So you don't want to miss that. If you want to sign up, I'd sign up today to make sure to secure your spot. Have a great afternoon, everyone.


Hi and welcome to this webinar. My name is Jonathan Seelig. I am the executive chairman and co-founder of Ridge and I'm here with Nir Sheffi who is also a co-founder of Ridge as well as the co-CEO and CTO of the company and today we'd like to spend some time talking to you a little bit about the distributed cloud paradigm which is an alternative to the centralized cloud model that most of us are familiar with and we also want to talk about how managed Kubernetes powers this model of a decentralized distributed cloud and makes it possible to deploy and scale cloud native applications virtually anywhere in the world without some of the latency and data residency challenges that we currently see when we look at the large public clouds. So let's dive into this and talk a little bit about what this new paradigm looks like and how it works. Great, thank you, Jonathan. As you know, most public cloud services today are provided through centralized cloud platforms such as the big hyperscalers and clearly these work amazingly well and they provide many services that I'm sure many of you are using today but we're seeing that sometimes the centralized public clouds live what we call coverage gaps. In other words, it can't provide the level of service that you need. For example, if you need your workloads to run in a close proximity to your customers and the public cloud is not there, that's a physical coverage gap. More and more applications and use cases need to be close in close proximity to end customers and offer good performance. As time goes on and we will, new communication technologies such as 5G, we're seeing more and more demand for high throughput and low latency. There are also data related coverage gaps. Another reason why centralized cloud is sometimes not a good fit for applications owners. Due to data regulation and data sovereignty issues, you may need to save data in country. In many situations, public cloud is not good enough. Lastly, there are commercial coverage gaps. For example, architectural decisions that you already been taking or existing relationship with local data centers. So for all of those reasons, the centralized cloud may not be sufficient to satisfy all the cloud needs of many application owners. Neil, that's a pretty good summary of what we've been talking about a lot inside of the company at Ridge. It's all points to this need to rethink the paradigm and ask this question of, hey, why does a cloud need to be centralized? The world is really big and the demand is huge from all sorts of different geographies. How is it reasonable to think that the hyperscalers are going to be the complete answer for every single application owner's cloud needs in terms of coverage, geography, network? Although the large clouds have amazing economies of scale and amazing capabilities, the locality and the distribution in many, many cases, it can offer benefits which may be outweigh the size and scale of the hyperscale clouds. And so the benefit of being distributed can be very, very significant depending on the application type and the application requirement. The ability to deploy and to scale where you need to be, even the ability to add a pop if one isn't available in a particular geography that you want to run in, which is something we've seen from some of our customers at Ridge, can be a really big deal. And of course, the distributed paradigm of infrastructure is also very, very relevant to both hybrid cloud and multi-cloud models, both things that are very much in active conversation with a lot of enterprises and a lot of companies out there. It's become a fundamental part of any company's hybrid or multi-cloud architecture to understand if they're going to need some effectively sort of distributed cloud capability. You know, Jonathan, now that we've discussed the public cloud coverage gap challenge and we've raising the idea of a non-centralized cloud or what we call a distributed cloud, let's discuss how it's done. Our vision when we founded our company was that we wanted to run our cloud on any underlying infrastructure or any heterogeneous physical servers on any underlying IaaS or physical or virtualization systems or bare metal machines. So we could achieve a cloud that hypothetically could be expanded to hundreds and thousands of locations or regions, again lack of a better word, and which we could offer fast integration and capacity all over the world. To users, it would feel exactly like a public cloud that they're used and familiar with. For this to work, we've built a platform based upon cloud native building blocks. The first of these are a fully managed Kubernetes solution which enables users to run whatever they would like to run, since it's based on a de facto spec of deployment on a cloud. That's Kubernetes. Any application on AWS, GCP or Azure running on EKS, GKE or AKS can run on ridge without needing to change a single line of code, except that with ridge it can run on hundreds and thousands of locations. The second building block is our container service, which allows users to deploy containers. If you don't want to have the full blown Kubernetes or sometimes you don't need that, then you could just say, I want this image and run it in hundreds and thousands of locations, and we take care of all of the heaviest lifting of the physical infrastructure. And the last building block that we've deployed is our fully object storage, fully compatible S3 API object storage solution that has, again, fully compatible, and in this case, the de facto spec is S3. But the difference is that it could run globally in hundreds and thousands of locations across the ridge network. All this works on top of any underlying physics. Ridge doesn't own anything. We use an amazing data centers and telcos that are already out there. That's why we can scale and endless public or private regions. But most importantly, beyond all of those capabilities, ridge is a cloud. You engage as you would do in any modern public cloud for a simple online interface. As a customer, you just need your credit card as you go. You don't need any prior commercial agreements with any of our data centers around the world. Ridge distributed cloud enables developers to describe the required resources as they deploy their Kubernetes clusters, container or object storage. And as a managed Kubernetes service, the distributed platform will adjust workloads automatically by spinning up computing instances wherever they're needed. I will soon show you a demo of how it works. So, Nier, before we get into the demo, I think one of the things to talk about here is that the flexibility and the functionality that you've described is becoming more and more essential with the increase in cloud native activity and cloud native application development. And to be able to do this anywhere that it's needed. The big promise in cloud computing was always the abstraction of infrastructure complexities, meaning that developers were going to be freed up to focus on writing great code. But I know that in a lot of conversations that we've had with folks, we find that today's advanced containerized microservices based and cloud native applications are often so complex that developers are finding themselves spending actually a lot more time dealing with infrastructure configuration and design than sometimes even then with coding. So it's kind of not what the promise was going to be here. You know, very true. As a de facto standard for container orchestration, Kubernetes plays a role as an enabler of cloud native application deployments, offering a huge flexibility in moving workloads between environments. However, the full potential of many cloud native application often with strict latency and throughput requirements cannot be realized until they can be deployed anywhere to ensure superior performance. And we're seeing applications today that need that performance. For example, we have a customer offering a remote desktop and a VDI and they need extremely low latency. There are also many apps that are emerging connected vehicles and all kinds of AR VR applications, which proximity is essential. And of course, the future. Who knows what apps would look like in five years. But I bet they'll be very dependent on low latency. I think that's for sure. We keep seeing more and more as we engage customers that more and more applications are being developed to become latency sensitive and they care a lot about that. Before NIR starts a demo of how managed Kubernetes is used in the distributed architecture that we're describing here, I want to discuss just a couple of our current deployments with customers who are running applications on Ridge. And these are applications that really were made possible because of Ridge's distributed cloud paradigm. So the first one that I'll describe is the provider of browser isolation. You're trying to mention this just a minute ago. Browser isolation and cybersecurity solutions for that. The solution is basically the idea of replicating desktops to make sure that they are malware free. And as you can imagine, end users who are using these remote desktops can't sense any delay or lag in their browser and feel like this experience is a simulated desktop experience. The company that we were working with on this deployment has told us that when they had a set of users in Paris connecting to a hyperscale data center in Frankfurt, the latency level in that communication path was simply unacceptable. People using that virtual desktop offering felt like there was lag. And so the ability to find a distributed solution that gives them a point of presence right close to those Parisian users was critical for the functionality and the customer satisfaction of their offer. Another deployment I can describe, which is a pretty interesting one, is we have customers created an eyewear simulation software that enables you to try on glasses virtually through an app. It's a large omnichannel eyewear retailer and users love this functionality. But this functionality depends on having GPU in proximity to that end user. All of this is being dealt with with Kubernetes as the management platform for these workloads. And the customer's workloads are running on local data centers in lots of different places. Moving this capability to a public cloud really wasn't an option that was going to be effective for this company. It would have added a lot of latency. It would have degraded the app experience. And so they came to us because they knew that we had the ability to easily give them these cloud native services with GPU on the back end in lots of localities where they needed that capability. So those are just a couple of examples of places that we've found this real embracing of and in fact this requirement for a highly distributed cloud in order to make these specific applications that customers have come to us with work. Thanks, Jonathan. And now I think it's a good time for us to begin a demo of how the platform works. Good. I'll stop sharing this screen and Nir will bring up your desktop and let you take up folks on a tour of how the RIDG cloud operates. Cool. Thank you, Jonathan. So that's RIDG. That's the UI and obviously there's an API. You're welcome to go ahead to our website. There's a link to our developer portal. You'll be able to see all of it. There's a fully restful API so you could download our open API spec and try it out. And this is the UI of the end user, developer, DevOps, IT and whatnot that you could interact with our cloud. So once you log in and we are connected to any external identity providers such as Google or GitHub and Microsoft or external offer services, you are in a context of an organization and a project here. So we are handling different, you know, all of our identity and management system. You could manage members, give them permissions and so on, very similar to what you might find on a public cloud. I'm not going to get into too much detail here in this demo, but bear in mind that we do provide that out of the box. What you see here, those are data centers. We are connected currently to hundreds of data centers in production. We could connect to more and more locations as time go and as customer demands. We can connect to public data centers similar to what you might call or use as zones or regions. And you could see here that we show those public data centers that Rich has integrated and has commercial agreements with to you guys, to the users, to the end user. As you could see here, we don't hide the fact that it is operated by a specific data center provider. For example, this is operated by catalysts from New Zealand, and you could see everything in a transparent way, like certifications, hardware requirements, obviously the location and pricing here. So you could see pricing here, for lack of a better word, those are the instance types. But as you might imagine, each data center, each location has their own heterogeneous underlying physics, heterogeneous underlying infrastructure. So we transparently show it to you. So you could see here different providers, everything is in a transparent way. So you could choose the best location, the certification, best SLA and obviously best price. So for example, if you could see here, this is one of our partners in Hong Kong. And you could see here that the instance price is a little bit different because they offer an ability to have flexible resources. So you could do some cool stuff and not just use specific instance types. And obviously pricing is a little bit different because it's priced by a CPU memory or storage here. And you could see and get all information out of here using our UI or API. So those would be public data centers that we manage. As you might imagine, we are also able to connect to on premise or private data centers. So if you, as a customer, have some internal data center private installation in your own data center or on top of one of the data center that exists out there, we can connect to that and connect to any underlying IS technologies based on VMware, OpenStack or whatnot, you know, all of the different kinds of flavors and versions. And it becomes a pop in our system or a region in our system. Obviously fully private to your organization. So nobody else, it's a fully multi-tenant system. So nobody else is able to connect to that. And you could deploy anything that you could deploy in the public regions using Ridge. So those are public data centers. We also offer a non-premise solution that we can connect to. So that's the data centers. On top of all of those data centers, we have developed web services. So we take legacy infrastructure, like basic IS solution and turn it into a fully cloud native web services. And our flagship, as I could show you right now, is our fully managed Kubernetes solution. We offer a fully managed Kubernetes solution, same features, same capabilities as you might find on AWS, GCP and Azure, EKS, GKE or AKS. The only difference is that our solution can run in hundreds and thousands of locations across all of the data centers that we are integrated to. We made a lot of effort to, as you will be able to see, in making this a very, very simple experience to onboard. So you will be able to hopefully see that we could, for example, spin up clusters in a few minutes, like three to four minutes. We could manage them and we managed the cluster end-to-end by auto provisioning, auto scaling, auto healing, auto upgrades, and obviously we manage all of the underlying physics, like load balancing, persistent volume, and so on. So let me show you how easy it is to create a Kubernetes cluster in one of the ridge points of presence around the world. And again, this could be in hundreds and thousands of locations. So let's call this cluster a demo. We support a high-available and low-available control plane, and that means the amount of master nodes. Obviously, if you don't need to be high-available, like for development or QA, you can uncheck this and we only create one master. We support Kubernetes versions as a part of CNCF. We are a member of CNCF. We comply to all CNCF conformity testing. That means that we are fully Kubernetes distribution and fully have full certificates for hosted providers in the same way that AWS GCP or Azure has. So if something runs on Kubernetes, it can run on ridge seamlessly. You don't need to change one line of code. Now we could choose the location. So let's choose a location. I don't know. Let's choose something, for example, in Paris here. So as you could see, this is one of our partners, Orange in Europe. So I could choose this one. And if I choose a node pool, for those of you who are not familiar with the terms, node pool is a group of worker nodes. Worker nodes, those are machines who actually do the work. So I could give it a name. We support fully autoscaling capabilities. That means that we could say I want a minimum of two worker nodes in this node pool and a maximum of maybe three nodes. And we automatically scale it up in case Kubernetes cannot allocate a pod since there's lack of resources. So we choose a node and we scale it up automatically. So in this demo, I'm not going to autoscale anything. And then as you could see, I chose a location in Paris and we'll be able to see that all of the resources were propagated here according to the location. So for example, here, this is the instance types or the ability to run and in this specific location. If I choose, for example, another location, let's say I choose the one in Bangalore here, we'll see it's a little bit different because this one offers more flexibility to the instance types. Let's go back to our data center in Orange here.  As you could see here, there's estimation of cost. You could add labels and things to this node pool and add more node pools and different sizing, different capabilities. But basically that's it. Once I press create, you could see it back, relax. It takes about three to four minutes. So we're pretty fast in auto provisioning the cluster.  We create the machines, each machine, we install operating system on the machine. As you can see here, it's already allocated and not gateway IP for the VPC. So we install Kubernetes, certification, security. We configure all of the underlying physics. So you guys don't need to. We configure load balancing and persistent volumes of everything. So once the cluster switches from creating into a running state, that means that all walker nodes has been provisioned correctly.  So they could accept incoming traffic, sorry, deployments on the and start deploying an application. So that's auto provisioning. As you could see here, this is run in Paris right now on top of one of our partners, Orange. It's a high available, meaning free master nodes. You could see here at the node pools, you could see there are two walker nodes being created right now. So that's auto provision. We support auto scaling for each and every one of the node pools. And we also monitor the integrity of the cluster 24-7. That means if one of the nodes fail, for whatever reason, we know how to auto heal it. So we know how to gracefully kill the unhealthy node, create another one instead until you join the cluster. So you guys don't need to wake up at 2 a.m. in order to fix the cluster. So then everything is done seamlessly to the end customer. So we showed auto provisioning, auto scaling, auto healing. We also have auto upgrades. So between Kubernetes versions, in a click of a button, you could go ahead and upgrade. Once it is upgradeable, it will appear here on this menu and you could click it and it will be upgraded. And we do intend to release version 22 and 23 in the next weeks. We also take care of all of the underlying physics. That means that we know how to configure everything from load balancer to persistent volumes. So you guys don't need to. The only thing that you as a user need to do is deploy your app. What I'm about to show you right now is once this switches into a running state, hopefully soon, if the gods of the demo like me, I will create an access key, access configuration file to it, and we'll deploy an application. We'll deploy something simple from using standard Kubernetes tools such as Helm to deploy from Helm repository from Bitnami. I'm going to deploy WordPress, which is a website from Bitnami. The website utilizes or uses or deploys a WordPress application that's a container. It will deploy also MariaDB, which is my screen database, and it will require a load balancer because we want to have our customers have ingress traffic internally to the cluster. And we'll use also persistent volumes. So you'll see that this will be needed to be created. Yay, cluster is running. Talk about for less than four minutes. So you'll see that we will want to run also persistent volumes. So you'll see what I'm about to show you like shows you how we can configure everything seamlessly. So all of the resources, all of the physical resources, so you guys don't need to. Let me just create an access token here. This is like giving permissions to one of the members of my organization. In this use case, that's me here. I'm going to grant myself, let's call this a demo. And I could associate this with an RBAC group internally to the cluster. And I can create this. As you can see, this creates a standard Kubernetes configuration file, which I could download to my machine here, which I did. If I switch to my command line tool and I could export, and do you config, go to my downloads. And that's my demo. I hope it's this one. So sorry, and do get nodes. If everything works fine, you will see that we have three master nodes in Paris right now and two working nodes as expected, as we expected. Let's deploy our WordPress. This is done from Bitnami. Stable repository. For those of you who are not familiar with this, this is similar to an app store. So people could use a lot of charts over there which are basically the apps that could be deployed on top of Kubernetes. So let me clear this and let's see what we have deployed. If we're looking at pods right now, you'll see there are two pods running right now, WordPress and MySQL. And let's look at services. And you'll see that there is a load balancer, there's a service of a type load balancer that requires ingress traffic in. If you switch to our UI, you will see the cluster is switched into a configuring state. Pretty fast. So we missed it, but it's switched into a running state, but you'll see that there's a load balancer here was created for us. So as you could see, we take care of all of the underlying configuration. So we automatically knew that there's a load balancer requirement from the application that requires those protocols and pods. We also support firewall configuration, health checks, as you could see here. Those are the health checks on the nodes for each port. And we also take care of the public IP. So you could see in this use case, we allocated a public IP. Hopefully, if we do this again, this public IP is propagated here internally and wired up into Kubernetes. If we look at persistent volumes, you could see that we have requested two disks, eight gigabytes, and that should be connected to MariaDB, that's the database, and 10 gigabytes connected to WordPress. Persistent disks or persistent volumes allow the user, if the node goes down or the pod goes down, no worries. Data still persists. So Kubernetes can allocate the new pod on another node and the system could function with no data loss and minimum downtime. If we go to our, and by the way, before I do that, we look at our pods, and we'll have some more information. You'll see that Kubernetes has decided to allocate WordPress on this node and MariaDB, the database, on a different node. And as you could see here, if we're going to go to persistent volumes, our system knows that this was required by Kubernetes and knows how to create those disks, attach those disks into the specific nodes here, as you could see, different nodes, and wire it up internally in Kubernetes. In case a node goes down or a pod goes down and Kubernetes allocates it, we know how to detach it, attach it again. So you guys, as application developers, don't need to do anything other than deploy, as I showed you here, your application. Let's see if our application runs, and as you could see, it is. Let's copy the IP here, and if we go here and browse, we should get our website. Yay. So under five minutes, we created a fully running managed Kubernetes solution, very similar to what you might find on the hyperscalers in a very, very simple way, but we could do it in hundreds and thousands of locations across the region network. So that concludes the first part of Kubernetes. On that note, I'd like to thank you all for joining this webinar. Feel free to contact us at any time. We'd love to open up a trial account for you guys, so you could play around. If there's a specific use case or specific question, feel free and don't hesitate to let us know. I do appreciate you joining this webinar. Thank you very much.