It's the most important thing that most of us don't know about the universe that we should. For me, it's the greatest gift that modern astrophysics has given civilization. In 1957, a research paper was published, including a leading female scientist, by the way, who under-celebrated maybe one day we'll get a good biographer, or her name is Margaret Burbage. But anyway, they published a paper demonstrating that the atoms in your body, the nitrogen, the iron, the carbon, that all of it are traceable to cosmic crucible deep in the centers of stars. It manufactures them by thermonuclear fusion. The star explodes, scatters that enrichment into gas clouds that make the next generation of star systems, such as we. So it's not like you're out in the universe looking up and you say, yeah, I'm alive in this universe, but I feel small. No, the universe is alive within you, and you should feel large. Or as the wise teacher once said, the kingdom of God is within you.


There's a close up that holds the lobster. Place is an absolute zoo. Look at the line coming in for Mother's Day. Mother's Day 2009. Oh, look at this. They hollowed out a pineapple that put strawberries in. Look, oh, here's grapes. Look at that. How artistic that is. Oh, look at, they got that. The oysters. Look at this. Look at that. This, of course, I say that all the time. Oh, here's a big one. Big one with big labia. I know it's not a plate, so I got to be careful carrying this. Look at the giant labia on these New Zealand green-lip muffles. Look at the labia on that. They got the oysters out too.  And here we go. This is part two of the great celebration of a drug-free natural athlete extraordinaire, Jeff Sambello, down for the third time in New Jersey. He had a successful event in Dover, New Hampshire. We are at the Royal Hibachi Buffet. Room 46 West Satterbrook, New Jersey this time. Much better food than last night, but, you know, it's part two of his visit. And there he is, getting high protein buffet for his mitochondria and his muscle cells. Look at that, the horse kick. Look at that, the horse kick. All right. I must say here at Royal Hibachi Buffet, this lobster bisque soup is outstanding. Much better than even the lobster bisque I had last night at the crow's nest on Route 17 South in Hackensack, New Jersey with Jeff Sambello. This is definitely better. He's getting some now. Here he comes. I like that color coordination there. Yeah. And then you got the cobalt blue. You put some green onion on there, like Justin Wilson used to say. Onion, choco, or scallions. My grandma used to call them scallions for some reason. They've been pronounced scallions. That's okay. Scullions. Well, your grandmother was a good person. Yeah. Oh, she also cooked up a storm every day, including the holidays. She's not the one that was told, work faster, work faster by the Hebrews, was she? Yeah, she was one of them that said, work faster, you must work faster. That the garment industry. Yeah. Yeah. Her and my grandfather, well, they were, you know what it is, they were immigrants.  They should tell me stories. Yeah. Okay. Oh. Put them this. There he is. Put them in the stores post here on Sundays. Retail is not, and Bergen County is not allowed to sell. It's called the blue law. Yep. If you leave the county, like in Pasea County, they can, they can be open. So why are they so high and mighty? They're doing a move. I don't get it. I don't know. Anyway, Jeff Zimbello's official recipe here of putting the spicy shrimp and creole sauce in with the lobster bisque. So from now on, I'm calling this combination Jeff Zimbello's soup. All right. Yeah. That's, that's a very old law, the blue law in Bergen County that, you know, if they can't sell clothing or any kind of like, like when we walk into the dollar zone, you'll notice they're going to, they're going to have the ties and the scarves all roped off. Oh, wow. Yeah. They can't, they can't. That's a crazy thing. They can't, on Sunday, can't, they can't sell retail, but they can sell food. They can sell groceries, like in Florida. It's like seven days a week. How's the ice cream station going with the unsupervised kids up there? Yeah, there's lots of unsupervised kids up there, but I haven't checked out to see how, you know, neat and orderly, the hot ice cream is. But I am sure it's a disaster because there's a lot of people, worse crampus when, when we need him.  Crampus would, I would love for him to kidnap those kids and torture them in his, in his chamber. All right, we've got some strawberries. Strawberries, fresh pineapple, green onion. There you go. I know this is, well, you know what? Let me get another dish come to think of it. I don't want to put sweet fruit on the same plate with soy sauce, wasabi, and sashimi. They got, they got prime, they got prime rib they put out, but it's kind of well done for me. They got strawberries, for pie. Yeah, let me get some fruit. Strawberries? Yeah, I can have straw, can have strawberries anytime really. Okay, and here we are. We got some roll grape leaves, some tuna, white, both white tuna. I get bluefin tuna and salmon, sashimi. And we got some papaya. Okay, for dessert, I got a half of flan and vanilla ice cream, because vanilla ice cream goes with everything. Don't ask me why, it just does. And um, Flan. Yeah, flan.  There he is. The king of drug-free old-fashioned ancient warrior athleticism. Jeff Sanbello is here.


When I was first building the Preact site I had it kind of all client-side rendered. We weren't doing any pre-rendering or anything we are now but at the time I you know I did that and we weren't super concerned with SEO at the time which immediately vanished and I was definitely worried when we first pushed it live like is this just gonna be like you know a title on Google search with no body content yeah so I was kind of confused with that and then there was other weird things like we were doing client-side routing and in response to the client-side routing we would change the meta tags for the description stuff yeah no idea whether that gets picked up in Google search hello and welcome to another episode of SEO booth busting with me today is Jason Miller I'm really excited to have you here so Jason what do you do for work I'm a dev rel on the Chrome team cool so what do you work on I work on a bunch of APIs in Chrome and sort of test them out cool and you build preact as well right do you build preact on the side yes that's a cool thing so now that I've got you here let's talk about SEO and frameworks so I guess there's like a bunch of misconceptions about how frameworks and SEO come together and it would be a perfect opportunity to get them all with busted there's definitely a conception that search engines don't run in JavaScript just across the board wow and I'm not a hundred percent sure where that comes from I think maybe you know back in the you know in the early days of the web it wasn't a thing so I mean there's still probably cases where you know some other engines don't so maybe that's like it's pervasive because of that that makes sense that makes sense I mean we do still have crawlers and engines out there that are not executing JavaScript is there anything that you wonder or worry about in terms of discoverability yeah definitely so like if you build an app where the HTML payload is a script tag in a style sheet you laugh this is every that is true that's what happens yeah yeah I mean besides the the user implications that this has because obviously the browser then has to fetch more content and you look at a blank page for a little longer that also does affect the crawlers a little bit especially the ones that are not actually executing JavaScript I can speak for those but I can say that Google but does execute JavaScript so we do see your content unless there's some good reason not to see your content like JavaScript errors or network errors happening I did see in the in the CDS talk you did mm-hmm there was a new feature in Search Console that you guys were talking about for errors yes yes so I don't know if you've ever used the affection render in Search Console beforehand to get a screenshot yes to get a screenshot so what do you do when you get a blank screenshot cry yeah that was yeah I feel you so one way of working around that is to use the mobile friendly test which is the tool that we brought out it does what it says it does in the name like it tells you if your page is mobile friendly which is fantastic but more importantly is it also gives you a list of the resources that we couldn't fetch for whatever reason and it gives you the console logs all including sec traces what yeah so you can actually debug so you get a blank screenshot and you're like oh no but then you can go to this the console and see why so what we are doing right now is we are working on the new Search Console that also contains a thing that we call the URL inspection tool okay that's part of the Search Console and for every page that you have on your site that you verified for because we don't want to search for that data to the public yes show me Google search data so we try to have like one stop solution for pretty much everything right now that includes when we last crawled you if it's on Google or not if there has been any issues with I think mobile friendliness or AMP but yes but it's gonna be extended to like structured data and also to JavaScript errors I think so wait we mentioned like the features thing like what features can I count on being available in the crawler so we do parse HTML really yeah that's a that's a mind-blowing one we are stateless hmm so that means we are basically pretending to be incognito browser that opens the tap for each URL that we indexing the first time for the storage that kind of storage well we do store cookies but basically when we visit when we go from one page to another these cookies are cleared so you can't really rely on cookies to be available across we're not running WebGL okay yeah I don't think we are rendering what's on the canvas I'm not sure about that really search it anyway right that's that's the thing exactly everything in there is inaccessible to pretty much every user who's using assistive technology and you can think of a crawler as a user that needs assistive technology to understand the content I'm curious if let's say like this is a super biased question but let's say I built a website using a framework that ends in ACT one of the many so let's say I you know I built a website using whatever technology client-side rendering right and I'm doing like push-date routing using the history API does Google pick up on push dates yes yes we do so because you give us a proper URL right right you have example.com slash blurb slash listing or something like that so we do pick those up if you use hash-based routing we don't pick them up so please do not use a push-date routing history API is the way to go so if you use proper history API URLs however don't fall for a thing that I have seen a few people fall for you might test by basically loading your page from the home page and then clicking through we are not doing that remember we're stateless so if I go straight to slash something so if you if you use a URL and use a link to that URL somewhere in your page that's fantastic but make sure that people can enter right there. Interesting. So you may have to make sure that the serve understands how to serve this one way of doing it is doing like using a server that actually serves the index HTML for all routes and then the JavaScript displays the right content that is perfectly fine just don't give us a four or four I found it or something like that.  That is fantastic I did fell for something once you might use like a static site thing that you can yeah like GitHub pages or S3 or whatever it doesn't matter they also give you the possibility to do a custom four or four page right and I have abused that to like serve all because I didn't know all my routes up front so I'm like yeah you know if it finds a route that it doesn't know it serves this 404 HTML. Is the status code 404? Yes and that's why it's not being indexed then. So it's an error page that is actually very useful. Yeah but you shouldn't be doing that because if you give that to a crawler and say like this is not a page then we are not picking it up because you told us not to. So you said like if I'm using HTML links or whatever link between pages that's fine. What if I'm using don't judge me for this a button and the button has a click handler and that click handler calls push state. I'm not saying I'm doing this. Okay. I'm not saying I'm not doing this. Let me guess a friend of yours does that. Right yes what's a name Bob Bob. Bob uses buttons and on click handlers. Poor Bob. You clearly do not do that. No I would never do that. I'm very happy that you're not doing that because your friend really needs to use links for that because links are to go from A to B button triggers an action. I think as you can use buttons and on click handlers for all the things that are like I don't know doing a pop-up or something because yeah modals or even like trigger a function trigger a calm down whatever if it's an action that happens on the page that's a button and that's perfectly fine but if it takes you to another piece of content and you want to make this content accessible via search and make it discoverable in search engines if it has a URL it should be a link. Okay. Right. So like if I had a modal that had a like the high value content in it or whatever and it right now it's just a button with a click handler that shows a thing on the page if I want that to actually have like a representation in the search results. Yeah. Give it a URL. Make it a link. Yes. What you can always do is so I like the idea of exposing some of the application state in the URL so you can basically say like and we support parameters so you could basically like I don't know slash action question mark modal or pop-up equals true. And if you use a link to go to that one and then that means that it displays the thing basically you have to understand that search results work like as if you would take the URL copy that into your messenger and someone else tapping on the message on whatever device you don't know. So basically they start a fresh browser have never been to your page. Do they see what you're seeing if that's the case then that's an indexable URL. Right because otherwise like if I had a modal and let's say Google somehow crawled it if you click on a link from Google search how does the link open the modal. That's the thing. Exactly. It has to it has to make it happen because if that's mismatch then what's the point. Another situation like that is infinite scrolls right. Right.  Oh yeah you have to scroll for a while. You have to scroll 600 meters down the page or 400 feet or whatever. Yeah I use metric system. Thank you very much for. I think more people should do that. So yeah if you scroll down like 600 meters on a page to find the content that's an issue to like surface that. If you could link to it if there's like an anchor on it. Now you got it. Exactly. If it's an anchor and specifically if you're using push state to like update URL and then allow the JavaScript to pick that up when you come back into the site and load the right content for it you're off really well. So it's almost like like you're doing virtual scroll but the Google search bot almost sees it as like next and back buttons. Pretty much. Yeah that's kind of like the modality that exactly you give it an offset and then we're like okay so now our JavaScript starts at like page five and then you're good and then Google bot comes and goes like oh so there's a link here with page five. All right so in that case it surfaces these 25 images the bird being the third one off we go. That's a good way of doing it. So let's say I was like driving a page with a worker. Like I have like a worker that's doing all of my state management or you know even doing DOM rendering or something crazy and in order to actually get like pixels on the screen I have to round trip through that worker and get all the HTML and DOM manipulation back onto the main thread. Is the fact that that might take a little while going to be a problem for Google bot? Generally speaking no. I'm definitely encouraging to test that carefully using the tools that we've got available to make sure that everything works the way you expect. But basically if you see the content in the so we the mobile friendly test also gives you the rendered HTML that we are using for indexing so you can use that to see like if it appears that normally if it takes a little bit of time that doesn't matter that much because we're doing wonky interesting things with time anyways because we have to deal with like a bunch of interesting things. You just take a lot. Exactly. Yeah. So don't worry too much about the time it takes. If it's a little fragile you will find out using the tools. The HTML that it shows is that like if I've done DOM manipulation is that after the DOM manipulation? Yeah. Okay. So it's like a snapshot. Yeah. And if you're not seeing it then something has gone sideways. Okay. So even if I didn't have the error reporting thing I mean I want the error reporting thing but even if I didn't have the error reporting thing I can see. You still have the rendered HTML that you can deduct from what we're indexing so. Okay. That works. I can live with that. That's pretty cool. Anything else from the top of your head? Is there any difference so like when I'm picking a framework or trying to figure out how I'm going to build my front end stuff? Is there much of a difference between like framework sizes and approaches for how those might get crawled? So when we're talking about like crawl budget which means how often and how quickly we can crawl the frameworks don't have that much of a difference because we are not like discriminating or preferring any of those and we're not like looking at we're not to looking too much at the size really. So generally speaking the more requests you do to get the content together the more requests we count towards like that we have done a thousand requests and if like each page of your content makes 100 requests that's literally like 10 pages. Right. So it's also a usability thing basically if you think about it being on a flaky network. Right. Not nice to get half baked content or like get no content at all and only the empty shell so it makes sense to look into a server side rendering or hybrid rendering to minimize the amount of requests that it takes because that helps you with the crawl budget sometimes. But that being said crawl budget is a really tricky topic because we cache stuff so if we have the content already in the cache it doesn't count towards it. Yeah like if your home page loads all this stuff and then like all your product pages or whatever are just hitting the cache maybe you're slipping under the crawl budget. That might happen exactly and crawl budget adjusts all the time anyways because we want to make sure to not overwhelm your server so. Jason it has been a fantastic conversation. Thank you so much for for being here and really looking forward to what you're building next. And thanks a lot for being on the show. Thanks. In the next episode of SEO Mythbusting, Dionne Almer is going to join me to talk about the web platform and SEO and all the road that lies ahead of us. So do not forget to subscribe to the Webmaster's channel.


Hi everybody, welcome to Flex and Stretch, a little more flexing today, a little more strength training than you might see in a typical Flex and Stretch class, but we'll definitely make sure that we get those muscles nice and stretched out before we do all that. So to start out today we're actually gonna just do just some light stretching here first. So bring that right hand underneath the right side of the chair, left ear to left shoulder.  But if you have a chair that has nice underneath, feel free to put that hand underneath, stretching out that neck, switching sides here, left hand underneath left side of the chair, right ear to right shoulder, more of a stretch. Again, having that hand just rest if you wanted to. Today we're gonna use some weights, feel free though, if you don't want to use weights you don't have to. I'm using 3's myself, which is probably enough today. And 3, 2, 1, come out of this here. We're gonna bring those hands stacked over each other, reaching forward and back, reaching forward and back, leading as far forward as you want to. You can do a little and come back. You could really reach forward. Let's go over to the right now, to the right, or maybe it's your left, whatever you're feeling. Now let's go to the left, or your right, forward and back. 3, 2, relax. Couple more stretches here before we get into it, bringing that arm across, pulling on that shoulder. It's a Friday for me today, for you might be a Monday, Tuesday. Switch here. Still wearing short sleeves though, so it is a summer. Always nice. Coming out of this here, arms on our side, shoulder rolls forward. Feeling the cracks in the shoulders here is a little bit. And let's go back. And 3, 2, relax. We're gonna grab our weights next. So again, you don't have to use weights if you don't want to. I'm going to. Totally up to you though. So starting out, palms face forward, elbows at our side. We're gonna curl into a shoulder press and down. Curl into shoulder press. During any of these movements to feel free, you can do them standing. You don't have to do them seated. Well, a few you have to do seated actually. Just up and down here. Keeping those elbows at our side, then press it up. At our side, press it up. 3, 2, and we're gonna go into a press march here next. So same arm, same leg. Press and march. Press and march. If you want to get crazy, you've taken the classes before. You know we do same arm, same leg. We do opposite arm, opposite leg. Using that brain a little bit. If it's a Monday though, you can say not doing that today, Josh. Go back to same arm, same leg. Keep marching, keep pressing. You're really feeling the chair today. 3, 2, relax. Bring those arms down. Hands at our side. Shrug the shoulders up and down. Up and down. Let's lean side to side here. Bringing those hands up. Reaching across the body with the arms. Reaching across. Keep reaching but now we're gonna reach just a little bit higher. Kind of like face height with the hands. Maybe it's had higher.  Up, up, across the body, across the body. Up, faster, slow. Whatever you're feeling here. Just across, across, up, up, across, across, up, up. 3, 2, relax. Alright, so arms at our side. We're just gonna march it out here. Just marching right leg, left leg. Just march in here. You do fast marches, slow. Whatever you're feeling. Using those leg muscles, driving those knees up. We're gonna kick those feet in a little bit. 3, 2, extend those legs out. Keeping the feet, keeping the legs on the chair. Just extending those legs out. Toes pointing up towards the ceiling. So you don't want to point like so. Point them up towards the ceiling. Towards the ceiling. You do it towards Scott. Towards Scott. Ceiling, ceiling. 3, 2, relax here. Keeping the arms straight. Bringing the hands to shoulder height. Some circles. Everyone's favorite in class. All the circles. I was thinking of doing 20 minutes of circles today, but decided not to reverse it. Keep making those circles. And 3, 2, relax here. Just standard curls next. Curling forward. Remembering to breathe here. Just curling forward. Curling forward. Keeping those elbows at our side. Holding one arm to half. Curl the other one up. You could start curling with the right or left arm here, whatever you're feeling. Hopping down. Switching sides here. Holding the other arm to half and curl. Keep it going. 3, 2, relax. Keeping those arms straight. Thumbs up.  Palms face forward. Circles again. This one you can just do without weight. You'll feel it. 3 pounds I feel it. Keep those circles going. Let's reverse it. Reverse those circles. 3, 2, relax here. Keeping the left foot on the ground. Keeping the right leg bent. Bringing the right leg up. Holding it while holding this. Just pulse that leg up and down. So that leg goes off the chair, on the chair. Off the chair, on the chair. Just at our own pace. This is my pace today. Might be a little faster for you. This is a nice speed. Switch those legs. Other one. Just pulse it up and down. Up and down. Like you got a restless leg. Remember to breathe. No more circles. That's always good news. I did not make Scott do the arm circles today. I showed off. 3, 2, relax here. We're gonna go back to that same arm, same leg. We're gonna do a punch forward with a side step. But that same arm, same leg. So right arm punches forward. Right leg to the side. Left arm punches forward. Left leg out to the side. Just tap in here. Feel free to ever do opposite. Left arm, right leg. Right arm, left leg. I think I said that right. Hopefully. We're gonna go back to that same arm, same leg. Just that side step with that punch forward. Side step, punch forward. 3, 2, relax here. Hands together, weights together. Sitting nice and tall. Twist one side, twist to the other. Just a gentle twist. Nothing crazy. Make it harder. Bring those hands out in front. Make it easier. Hands closer to you. Twist to your comfort. Keep those twists going. 3, 2, relax here. All right. Next up, we're gonna do another shoulder press here. Both arms coming up and down. As we do the shoulder press, bring one leg up and down. Alternating the legs. Both arms up and down. Up and down. Palms could face forward. Each other. Whatever you're feeling. Up and down. Feeling it today. As for sure, I'm gonna look back at this when it was like in January. I'll be so cold and I'll be like, oh, I missed the summer already. 3, 2, relax. Dropping the weights. So everyone's second favorite exercise we're gonna do today. Some sit to stands. So before we do sit to stands, making sure feet are close to us. So they're not out here. Feet are close. Feet are planted. So we're not on the toes. We're not on the heels. Feet are planted. If we have an armrest, we can have the hands relax on the armrests like so. But feet underneath us. We're gonna lean forward first and stand on up. Come on down again. Lean forward. Stand up. Stand, sit back down. Stand back down. What am I saying, Josh? Been down. For this one, what we don't want to do, we don't want to stand up. We don't want to sit down. Use that momentum and stand back up like so. We want to sit down, pause, collect ourselves. Lean forward and back up. Really important to have that pause. Lean forward and up. Not using that momentum. Imaginary armrests here. So you can stand up with the armrests. Back down. One more. Up. Stretching out a little bit after that one. So right heel on the ground. Lean forward. Feel free to add that reach if you want to. Or just stay leaning forward like so. I'm gonna add the reach. We're gonna do that one more time. Switch in here. Little left heel. Lean forward. Add that reach if you want. And hold it. Two. And one. Alright. One more time here. So feet are planted. They're not far away from us. They're nice and close to us. If we have armrests, hands can rest on your arm. Rest. Lean forward. Stand on up. Keeping that chest up. Sitting back down. Pause. Lean forward. Stand on up. Sitting back down. You don't have to do as many as I'm doing either. I'm losing count already, but I think this is four. Pretty sure this is four. Let's go five. I really hope so. On the video I'm sure you'll count. So again, take that break when you're sitting. On my lost count. Seven or eight. Let's do just ten more. Why not? Two more. I'm gonna have people on line saying you did this many. Okay, one more for good luck. Lean forward. Up. And down. Whoo! Good job there. Let's stretch it out a little bit to end it here. So stretching out those legs after we just use them right foot on the left knee. If you don't want to put it on the left knee, you can bring it down to the shin. Bring it up. Give that leg just a slight hug. And hold. So again, modified would be those legs crossed like so. Come out of this. Switching those legs here. Giving that leg a nice hug. Hold it. Come out of this here. Leaning forward. Feet wide. Bringing that right arm between the legs. Make some circles. You can do big circles or small. Whatever you're feeling today. Switch directions. Just let gravity pull on that shoulder. Switching arms here. Other one going in. Make some circles. Switch directions. And coming up out of this here. A few more stretches here. Let's just do some chin tucks. So pushing that chin back a little bit showing off the double chin. Relax. Double chin. Relax. You can hold it for a few seconds or a little bit more. So again, today was a little bit more of an active flex and stretch class. Another video I did is a little bit more relaxing. We definitely do some exercises but a little more stretching in that class. Relaxing here. Crossing those arms. Inhaling them up and down. Up and down. Up. Down. We have Mr. Scott to thank us behind the camera for allowing us to do these videos. Couldn't have done it without him. Up. Down. And finished today with hugs. Because you all had such a good job. Thanks for coming. Hopefully you checked out the other videos and got a good workout as well. Hope to see you in the building.


a lot of all Ireland champions A lot of world champions Then you would probably stand to benefit from that You'd stand to make a lot of money from that So it's a reputational enhancement And then you can sort of Monetise that with your services Exactly So this went to CLRG in July They announced this week That they have appointed a former Court of Appeals judge to investigate But as we reported in the paper today Some of the judges who were named To that July document were allowed to continue Adjudicating and presiding over competitions Even after concerns were raised About their integrity And their potential involvement In an alleged cheating scandal And the scale of this casts A dark shadow over all previous competitions Because this obviously was happening To some extent But we don't know to what extent Exactly And I suppose any current or former teacher Is current or former professional dancers Or parents of dancers Will say that they have long felt That there is a cultural problem Among Irish dancing It is important to point out That these texts They range from 2016 to 2019 And they're from one specific teacher To 12 others So the person sending the messages In all the texts we've seen Is the same person So this is a small snapshot Of what could be an endemic cultural problem Certainly the feedback that I've gotten From the last couple of days From industry insiders Is that this is a greater problem So there would be a lot of hope That this might be a reckoning For Irish dancing But as you mentioned The scale of this is huge CLRG obviously operates in Ireland But it covers competitions in the UK The US, there are so many CLRG Irish dancing schools in America So I mean in terms of impact It's huge And the CLRG in fairness to them Or maybe they know more than we know They didn't try and play this down either did they They didn't say Well if this is happening It's on a very small scale And we'll weed out the bad apples No I mean they were saying That in terms of from their perspective In terms of breaches And Irish dancing This is at the higher end of the scale As described as gross misconduct Is that anybody who is Found to have been engaging In such practices in the alleged cheating That was sent to them Will be subject to due and full process Under their disciplinary procedures And they're kind of making the point That that process has already started And I suppose they're not thrilled That this is in the public domain now First of all because they claim That it might prejudice the process That they've started now But also they've pointed out that And they're saying that any allegations That are made against Irish dance teachers On social media are just that At the moment they're still allegations And they're doing their best to investigate Yeah unfortunately that's the kind of the issue With social media and just two more brief things There's no suggestions that Those taking part In these competitions or their parents Were necessarily involved in this either So I mean You know former achievements And all of that could all be brought into question You know this could have a I mean it's not going to be a life or death situation We'd hope but you know this is Going to really rewrite a lot of people's Sort of you know what they've achieved And all that type of stuff potentially Yeah I mean it's so important To point out that people were talking about here The commentators and dancers are children And it's deeply and grossly unfair For the achievements of children who are world champions All Ireland champions to be now casted Because of the behaviour of what seems to be Some fairy The questionable activity Of some maybe obsessive Adults who were looking for glory For themselves but it's also Very unfair on parents of Children who always felt that there was Something wrong but could never quite prove it Who always would raise concerns about their child Being marked down and would just be seen as You know a parent who was kind of obsessed With the talent of their own offspring So it's a very discus morning for the world Of Irish dancing Very finely just at one point One teacher reportedly offering Sexual favours for higher scores Is that literally as it I suspect it reads It is quite literally that is it Yeah so it's very important to say That there was a conversation between two adults Yes of course sorry And they were making graphic Really graphic Sexual references talking to Talking about certain acts being exchanged For like a 100 score Which is the highest mark that you can give It's important to mention that of The 12 conversations that I've seen That were passed with CLRG This is only mentioned in one of them But it's obviously very relevant and it's Certainly something that parents of Children who are involved in Irish dancing Are very concerned about this morning Alan Coyne will follow your coverage In the Irish independent with interest Thanks for your time this morning greatly appreciated Thanks so much Alright thank you Raymond Sweeney's creative Director of the Titanic dance show You You were never a teacher and maybe this is This is part of the reason why Is this news to people Within Irish dancing circles As such or has just the curtain Been pulled back for all of us to see Morning Craig I would say The curtain pulled back to be honest In my opinion this has been going on For years And it has to stop And I'm kind of glad it's come to light Now it's on the public domain So You would have seen Need for change in the dodging System in Irish dancing Like what could you see or what do you see As the flaws in it Like obviously You know the I think they try to Get rid of this problem a few years back I'm obviously not involved in it anymore But I haven't been for years I don't know what way they operate anymore But I think they try to increase The amount of judges To you know help with this problem But it's still going on It's still like As I said it has to stop And is it fair to say That the reason you didn't get Into teaching per se was because Of your suspicions Can you tell me a little bit more about that Yeah I mean like I was obviously In the show business When I was 16 And I did that for 15 and a half years And then I created my own show I was always more into the production End of things But my fiance started She was teaching for a while And one of the things I remember Sent her at the start was like listen I don't mind you going teaching I don't really want to be involved And that's one of the reasons why I don't want to be involved Because it's so Disgraceful and it's sickening And you know I just feel For the children you know putting in blood Sweat and tears and you know and then having You know people potentially should have won Competitions big competitions And then they don't you know it's just It's not a nice thing and it's not a nice Environment for me to be involved in It's horrible for the children because they're all affected The winners now will have their achievements Questioned and those that Perhaps on the day it was clear they should have won Will never have that But there's no winners in this at all In terms of the young people that put As you say their blood, sweat and tears into this Yeah yeah I mean it's Absolutely disgusting like I suppose from a personal point of view Like I back in I think it was 94 I got fourth in the world Myself and I actually Won one of my dances Outright and a local adjudicator I suppose didn't give me The marks I felt I should have got her You know yourself You know what you're done And it felt wrong at that time something was up Well to be fair I was still I was still Amazed at what I got But at the same time There's something that didn't seem right When all the other adjudicators gave me Like great marks And the local adjudicator maybe Thought that maybe I wasn't going to You know it was strange that Adjudicator didn't know from American stuff They gave me what I deserved I suppose and then she didn't I suppose thinking I wouldn't be up there Not for the performance Or what I deserved Right Raymond finally there's going to be some pain In getting this resolved For the reason we've been outlining But it's obviously been rumbling along People within the This element of the business Knew it was going on or at least suspected It was going on now it's out in the open Yeah I'm glad Of this and you know I always Wondered why people aren't speaking up About it you know and I suppose They're afraid and you know A lot of my friends You know the evidence because once you have Screenshots of conversations You know it's easier to sort of Once you've got evidence is so important Because you know you could get sued Up to your ears if you didn't have that Maybe that's the reason why Again it's only hearsay like from From friends and I've been in the industry That you know this has been Brought to the attention of the CLRG before But you know for some reason it Was brushed onto the carpet or wasn't Now that it's in the public domain It's a different story and Kind of glad it is Thanks for your time Raymond this morning I really appreciate it No problem Craig thank you Take care Raymond that's Raymond Sweeney there Okay just before a Break a call to say it's not the only industry All these competitions are the same it's about Who knows the judges I pulled My son and daughter from it once I witnessed A competition one day the person who won May have been a great dancer but not on That day and the young children who deserved To win were left in tears but how much I mean and then there is obviously the Conversation that's been happening for years About the expensive expensive dresses The hair the tan And all that kind of stuff you know But huge expense people Travelling all over the place within the Country outside the country spending An absolute fortune and for what For entering competitions that at least Some it would appear that's the allegation That really the Outcome was predetermined so what Was it all for and lots of people out there Had to deal with the fallout For younger people that missed out Didn't they Or in office today The county's number one talk show The 9 till noon show on Highland Radio Weanling prices up 50 Euro ahead week on week For more in your farmers journal Here's Paul Mooney On sale now Only inside this week's Irish Farmers Journal On sale now With over 50 years of experience We pride ourselves in providing A top class customer experience Keen fuel prices convenience Shop hot deli hardware And for us these famous Special recipe ice cream Only run the healthful staff And service with a smile Shirts all go with Kallahans Our US Health Assessed Income Taxpayer The October 31st Pay and File Deadline is approaching fast The quickest and easiest way to Find your return and pay your tax Is by using Ross Revenue's online Service It also gives you until November 16th Register for Ross today at Revenue.ie Don't miss the deadline To meet some guidance in making the right decisions At John F. Lowry Financial Services You'll get expert advice On all aspects of pension planning Like how much you should contribute Ensuring you're going into the right contract For your employment circumstances And claiming the tax relief Our team of highly qualified advisors Have access to all the insurance companies So we truly can be your one stop Pension provider To arrange a personal consultation Visit JFL.ie John F. Lowry in Associates Limited Trading as John F. Lowry Financial Services Are regulated by the Central Bank of Ireland If the medical experts get it wrong Everything changes From misdiagnosis or delay diagnosis To surgical injury Or even poor treatment All have physical, emotional And financial consequences We're here to help So if your treatment didn't go according to plan Speak to our experienced medical negligence team At McElhenney & Associates Find us online Or call<PHONE_NUMBER> McElhenney & Associates Solicitors, Stranorle In contentious business, a solicitor may not calculate Fees or other charges as a percentage Or proportion of any award or settlement Oh Amy My little one I ask myself a million questions every day When will you give me your first smile How much sleep do you need How can I help you and your big brother To get along At the HSE's MyChild.ie And in the free MyChild books You'll find the answers you need From doctors, midwives, public health nurses Dieticians and lots of other experts MyChild.ie Expert advice for every step of pregnancy Baby and toddler health From the HSE Supervalues on beatable own brand range Along with money off vouchers every week Supervalue makes saving money as easy as One, two, three It's back. The furniture show N.I. Is now on at CFC Interior's Camp C Dairy CFC of SAVE With massive discounts from leading brands In furniture and interiors From sofas, beds, flooring and design CFC have it all reduced in their biggest sale Don't miss the furniture show N.I. Now on at CFC Interior's Camp C Dairy Are you frequently asking others to speak slowly? Clearly and loudly It's listening to the TV or radio Becoming harder If your hearing is affecting your everyday life Connect hearing are here to help Our clinics in Leicester, Kenny and Dunlowe Are open Monday to Friday Where you can avail of our hearing test Wax removal and repair services Take that first step to better hearing Call us today on 07491 13296 Connect hearing Connecting you to life It might be too early to talk about Christmas but now is the right time To order furniture at McGinley's Furniture Letter, Kenny If you want it before the decorations go up Maybe it's a new Irish made suite A beautiful dining set Or a luxurious new bed Whatever you have in mind There's a great selection in stock For immediate delivery Or to order for a guaranteed pre-Christmas delivery Visit McGinley's furniture On the Joe Boner Link Road Letter, Kenny McGinley's with great furniture Thank you Due to continued expansion McCuse Tires railway streets Strobhan are seeking to recruit Experienced tire fitters and vehicle technicians Excellent package rates are available For further details contact McCuse Tires on<PHONE_NUMBER>8 Stick to the road with McCuse Tires Does any baby actually sleep Like a baby You'll find expert advice on sleeping At mychild.ie From the HSE I'll tell you Hudson slept like a baby last night I feel like a runner marathon, thank God Okay, a caller says let's get on to Back to these issues About the emergency Services in the hospital more generally Access to the emergency, get into the hospital Because of delays with road works and stuff Hi Greg, this is an important one too And you know we do always say But it's worth saying again Hi Greg, just listening to your show My father was admitted through the ED on Friday night He remains in Dettrakenni Hospital Still, I'd like to commend the staff there They will run ragged and still Showing compassion and empathy The problem sits with the people who make the decisions On budgets and staffing Indeed, and that is why we spoke to the manager And I hope it's clear That we understand that the staff down there Are doing as best as they can Given the circumstances I hope your dad gets better soon And gets home out of hospital Very shortly As it relates to Delays In ambulances being held up in traffic Works, this is happening all the time I live on the Bonnegie Road at the bottom of Lurgy Brack And ambulances use this road A lot, blue lights flashing Thanks Greg, thank you for that information A caller who works in the hospital Says that unless the blue light is flashing Or the siren is going They are not going for anyone And they do not have anyone in the vehicle Yes indeed, but the comment About the lights going But I understand what you're saying It's sirens and blue lights But that was the case that Michael related OK, right We were speaking earlier on then about Bikes And their use of the road Kevin joins us here Kevin, yours isn't specifically about bikes Push bikes on The road and knots On the cycle path, is it? Or maybe it is Kevin, what's your story? My story is about the main street In Lederkenny From one end of it To the other It started to And it's increasing the amount of bicycles That goes on the footpath On both sides of The road Some of them coming up And some of them going down And they see these electric bikes going Or about 30 can do 20, 25k The danger And my concern about it is That They're being overlooked They're being ignored There was one day I was going down And a patrol car was going down the street And the bike was pelting up the footpath Right Now you take a child An elderly person Somebody disabled coming out of a shop Door Stepping out in front of them You were getting hit At quite a speed And it was such a thump But you were going to bang your head On the ground It's a danger I'm really annoyed That that day The car was going down They just didn't stop And get their man off And put them down to the bottom of the town And let them go over the railway road To come up the town Not allowed on footpaths No There's no cycle path They are compelled to be on the road And certainly cycling up the way either They couldn't do that on the road But you're concerned that someone's going to be really injured Yes But it's not even going down the way There's still one on the footpath as well Don't use the road You know And there's one particular Electric bike No old sharp baskets Remember the old sharp bikes Sorry, I had the bike square basket One of them front and back And the speed of that going down the town Going down the footpath Is unreal And somebody stepping out They are going to be seriously injured With that particular bike Because it does fly in And it's still doing it I think you mentioned that to me a couple of months ago From what mistaken Okay My concern is The bicycles On the pavements The pedestrian ways Not bike ways And the main street Are not for bikes Understood Kevin, listen thank you very much for that And now back to the issue of Cyclists using roads Instead of cycle lanes Where the cycle lane is available Kilian Nolte is a cyclist And he joins us now And I appreciate Kilian Joining us to sort of give the other perspective It's not a pile on by any stretch Or at least I wouldn't want to be involved in that So I mean do you think you speak Obviously you speak for yourself Kilian But do you think you are sort of a representative Of your average cycling enthusiast Out there in Donegal Morning guys I think that's fair enough I am probably representative of a reasonable number Of people going out here to do it Was how come well being in their general fitness Primarily on a motorist Just like every other motorist on the road I try to spend far more time In my car commuting Whether that be to or from work Or for business reasons that I ever do on a bike So I can take Both sides of the fence here But as a cyclist when I get out on that bike The first thing I'm thinking about Is every single day is risk What is the least riskiest way For me to use that road Or to use that cycling lane And there's some really good cycling lanes Developed in the county now But equally there's some poor ones Or there's some poorly maintained ones So when I'm out on the bike I use the cycle lanes which are Particularly good Because it's the least riskiest way For me to be on the road sharing With other people But I'll avoid the ones where There's clearly a risk to me Even the good cycle lanes though Kilian Say you're on a race Or you want to put the foot down Do you know what I mean? To challenge your time or whatever it might be Are there footpaths Cycle paths which I think you share With pedestrians Are there cycle paths in Donegal that you can do that Do you know what I mean? Will serious cyclists who want the head down And are maybe They are absolutely limited And you have to be conscious about any of these Shared paths So you're creating a risk to yourself But you're also creating a risk to the pedestrians So if you're on a cycle path where you know That you're likely to come across A large number of pedestrians Then I'll avoid the cycle path I don't want to create a risk to a pedestrian They're not going to hear me coming up the road at them If I'm doing say 30 kilometers per hour Which wouldn't be an unreasonable speed On a flat road It's safer for me to be out on the road In that instance than it is to be coming up Until a bunch of pedestrians That met a whistle Can you be careful They very easily have a dog on a lead And your approach The dog is going to dart to the right You have to consider that stuff as well Presumably I do Anytime you're on a bike You have to consider the road conditions The other traffic that's on that The other pedestrians that are around you Road debris, potholes, sticks Drain You're on at all of the time And then you obviously factor in your speed So depending on whether you're going uphill Down a hill, it's going to impact on The choices that you make on what surface you want to be on So we'll give an example there Of say, mountaintop Down to Ilistron National School Cycle lanes now on both sides of the road It's great that they've been developed The one coming up from Ilistron to the mountaintop Brilliant, it takes you off the road It takes you away from that double lane of traffic Unfortunately the surface though Or because of the amount of gravel that's getting thrown off The main road because it's falling apart Different story altogether But on the flip side That cycle lane that goes from mountaintop Down to the school Is unusable for most, shall we say Sports cyclists Because average speed going down that hill Is 60 kilometers per hour on a bicycle That's not unreasonable There's dozens and dozens and dozens of cyclists Who will hit that speed going down the hill You're not going to use the cycle lane Because of the potential to come in across you It's too risky Is it fair to say then Our cycle lanes generally speaking Are there almost as green ways They're there for people for recreational cycling Now I know you're a recreational cyclist Don't get me wrong but I'm trying to put it in categories In other words For someone who is At speed, really in reality Are there any cycle lanes That are safe for you When you consider us to say pedestrians People with bogeys, people in wheelchairs You know, people with toddlers You know, you're not cycling Freewheeling, cycling Freewheeling like I might So really in reality Other than up a hill where you're going slow Are there any cycle lanes That are Suitable for a professional cyclist enthusiast Very limited to be fair Genuinely very limited Now if we take even the hard shoulders About the dual carriageway It makes sense for anybody using the dual carriageway To be in on the left hand side of the hard shoulder That's the sensible choice It's the safest, least risky choice But on the flip side The hard shoulder is often very dirty With road debris I'm not going to drive my car down a road Where I've got the chance of doing any sort of damage Or where I'm going to create risk For myself or other drivers When I have my cycling house on I have to think the same way I'm going to choose the piece of road Where it's least risky for me And in the winter you're going to contain The grit and everything else as well Presumably particularly the winter It's a real challenge and I think We have to recognise that the vast majority of the cyclists In the county who are out on the roads Are sports club cyclists Who are all drivers They're not commuters We all drive, so we're all well aware of it And of course we experience The frustration of occasionally being stuck behind A slower moving Vehicle or cyclist As drivers ourselves It's about giving everybody, everybody has to give each other A bit of space I just want to ask about urban cycle ways Because I'm not a I can cycle And I do now and again But I've not cycled around say for instance Letterkenny and I wouldn't In reality are the cycle lanes Around the likes of Letterkenny It's the biggest town in the county Are they usable? I see cars in them all the time Honestly No, honestly They are unfortunately They are probably If I was out with a child And I wanted to get them experienced And bring them out on those cycle lanes Which are raised off the road They are suitable for that low speed Kind of As a kind of a Sports cyclist shall we say They're not suitable Because they are actually a significant risk Cycle lanes which are slightly raised off the road Unfortunately the traffic That's going to be on your right hand shoulder Is not thinking Of you as another shared road user They will cut in on you If they pass you out they will cut it But even the lanes that form Part of the main Pavement of the road Like and I'm thinking Down around the McDonalds area and that I mean really cars just sit in them I don't think they're Really recognized as actual cycle lanes either Yeah but to be fair Most cyclists are Most of us are out there regularly Will avoid those sort of areas anyway So I don't really see that being As much of an issue around the town If you're going out you want to be away from traffic You want to be You want to be in the least risk environment Which is on the quieter roads Or on the main roads But kind of trying to stay out of the way of traffic Unfortunately Sometimes on the country roads Yes we're going to be In a narrow road where Someone will get held up behind us For a couple of moments on So they've got a clearer View of the road to be able to pass I just said people It's only going to take a minute or two It's just about just relaxing the head We've all been there I'm a driver I've been there I've been sitting behind people It is frustrating we get that Where we end up down in A&E And you know this is This is trivial conversation Relative to the conversation that was on And even the whole mic issue It's about people just kind of You know Calm the head and just share the road with everybody else And you know It's just about being as safe And as risk free as possible For every road All issues are subjective And if you're frustrated and you're trying to get to work And you're not affected by mica And you don't need the hospital This might be full front in your mind But I do take your point Killian On the wider scale of things And I appreciate the insights You know that's what we're looking for And you've done it for us So thanks very much indeed No problem, thank you Take care, that's Killian Naughty there Cyclists Text or WhatsApp your view to Greg On 086-60-25000 Register online at cafre.ac.uk Or visit Discover Calfrey on Facebook Plus tax and insurance Call 01-685-2244 Or see paulclaffytourist.com And you don't miss the holiday of a lifetime Are you renovating or extending your home And looking for quality products at a bargain price? All at ridiculously low prices Get a massive 40% discount Of a huge selection of light fittings and pictures Also see the range of real leather sofas Dining sets and occasional furniture All at rock bottom prices So come along to Rossview Business Park Just off the post around about Leather Kenny This Friday or Saturday And pick up a real bargain Visit grant.eu We Care Leather Kenny Food Bank Teams of four people Entry fees 40 euro per team And there are multiple prizes to be won You're invited to support this worthy cause That's tonight In arena seven It's a table quiz run by the Leather Kenny Rotary Club And it is four to support That is the We Care LK Food Bank Right, let's talk now to Larry Masterson Who's co-finder of Different Strokes For Different Folks and Yellow Woods Arts And an advocate who is a stroke survivor For the last seven years now And is living with Alphasia Good morning to you Larry Thanks for your time today Morning Greg How are you keeping Larry? Not too bad Not too bad at all Shall we start off with Sorry Larry, go ahead No, I'll go ahead I was going to say Shall we start off with Because this is in the context by the way Of an Alphasia Conversation Group Launching on Monday So do you want to talk to us about Alphasia? Yeah As you know, Larry Greg I suffered a stroke back in 2015 And I'm now living with Alphasia Alphasia is an acquired language impairment It's caused by damage to the parts of my brain So I suppose Alphasia affects me in different ways It affects my speaking Or my understanding Some people have problems with their reading And writing And understanding numbers But as someone who's living with Alphasia I suppose every day Nowadays can be difficult Such as having a conversation Or watching TV And getting out and about So Alphasia can have a huge impact On personal relationships and friendships As well as the ability to work And to take part in hobbies It's acquired though Larry Sorry Larry, I beg your pardon It is acquired So it's something you have to learn to live with It must be incredibly frustrating then at times As much as everything else It isn't a way Greg Because it's an invisible disability And so if you see somebody in the shop Who looks I suppose normal in one way It's a difficulty for them to understand This thing with Alphasia And I've come over a lot of things There are a lot of challenges in my life Some stroke with Alphasia But I'm very interested in this Alphasia Conversation group The speech and language therapists And their health services Are coming together with me To collaborate this conversation group Particularly with the County Council Or PPM They're sponsoring this conversation group On the week of social inclusion So the way they start The senior service We're going to have a talk And we're going to Give information to those people With a pager We're going to have a conversation And we're going to have that conversation We'll kick off from Monday And this is more common than people might realise Around about 3,500 people each year Diagnosed with Alphasia following a stroke So there's going to be a lot of people Larry around the County Listening to us that will understand Exactly what you're saying Are we good at diagnosing it Larry? Would stroke survivors be well aware of this? And would they sort of know what's going on Generally? The unfortunate thing about Greg is People get the diagnosis when they're in rehab And they forget They forget About it And it doesn't until You start to wonder about yourself And you begin to try To commute or to talk to people And that's when This aphasia comes in unhappy Because You have forgotten That the Speech and Language Therapist Had told you or informed you So the Speech and Language Therapist Are collaborating on this But they're also there To give word about the difficulties That people have And they'll be there to I suppose to Give one-to-one talks as well And to offer therapy to people With stroke and aphasia But it's also a good way of connecting People with aphasia And maybe they can Continue those connections Outside of the conversation group It's absolutely right, Greg I mean, I got involved Myself with The Speech and Language Therapist During The Covid times And The cafe was done Virtually On the video then But this Session next Monday is face-to-face And there'll be But the visual one That the cafe done It's a very powerful way For us Stroke survivors with aphasia To engage with people You see, there are people out there In the county Don't really And do not come outside their houses Even onto the communities Because they have this This Understanding That they can't speak Or they haven't got words The aphasia cafe itself Will help and support those people And hopefully the friendship And hopefully the idea Of making new friends And helping people To actually come back out It's people understanding As well and people realising They're not on their own So the launch takes place Monday night 10th of October At 11am in the Silver Tassie Hotel Remelton Road You're invited to join the lived experience of Stroke And you can go to the Stroke Thrive for Facebook group And follow the Twitter handle At Thrive Player And we have contact details For people who want any more information Or to confirm attendance Larry for now Thanks for your time I appreciate it greatly Bye bye Larry, take care We're back tomorrow morning, Friday morning With the Friday panel Talking all the big news stories of the day and week We also have Michael and Finooly The band back together for that Entertainment after 11pm Stay where you are, John Bresens coming up Around the North West after the news at 12 Enjoy your Thursday Now available Apply online or via our app today And get your loan transferred directly to your


So one of the unique things that we have at Kaiser Permanente is a multi-disciplinary breast cancer clinic. Once a week we get together and it's an entire team of physicians who are involved in breast cancer care. We review all the patients that have been diagnosed with breast cancer in the past week. And as a team we come up with an evidence-based treatment plan for each patient. We go and we meet with each patient individually. So in one visit a patient's able to meet with all five specialists that are gonna be involved in their care. We each have a chance to discuss the diagnosis with the patient as well as come up with a personalized treatment strategy. One of the advantages to a truly multi-disciplinary team is that we're able to make decisions much faster and in a coordinated fashion. We're able to get our patients to the operating room sooner. And I think that we're able to more clearly communicate our treatment plan to the patients. When all your specialists are on the same page I think it helps patients make an informed and clear decision more easily. At Kaiser Permanente I have a network of really talented and brilliant specialists and surgeons to work with so we can ensure that we get the best outcomes for our patients.


Thank you sir. I would like to thank the organizer for this opportunity to share on the water factors in China, India relations. I was, when I was doing Enfield on the topic of China's policy, China policy on TV. I had a chance to come across many people, many experts, many books, articles regarding India-China relations and I developed keen interest in this topic in this area. And now, in recent time, I have a research scholar who is doing on eggist policy, problem and prospect in Arunachal Pradesh. And I also have some students who are studying in my university from whom I got a many information regarding the impact of the China policy on water in especially the people living in the nearby the river Brahmaputra. And then I start doing research with the help of these people. And I am drawing today, in today, I'm putting forward this with this small experience and the kind of research I had done. I mean, I have done recently. Here, I will not go details about it, but I will try to focus on three questions. One is why water is so important to India-China relations. The other question is how water factors determine China-India relations. And the other one is issue of contentions between India-China relations with the water factors. Now, as the previous speaker, Kino Andres and George Major General had pointed out many areas which is very, very important. And I will not go details again, because I was trying to put something, put forward something regarding those areas also. So it will be a reputation. I will go straight to my topic. India-China relation has not been cordial since India independent. Many issues in China-India-China relation is border dispute. TVA issues since 1999. China military built up. China infrastructure development in nearby the international border. India helped extend to the Dalai Lama and Tibetan Refugee and water factors or water conflicts, which people used to term water conflicts. I mean, many people, many scholars, used to term it water conflicts. These are the main issues. And today I'm going to dealt with water factors. Water is one of the core factors that saved contemporary India-China relations. And why water is so important today to India-China relations? According to UN World Water Development Reports, about 2.2 million people currently do not have access to safely managed drinking water. And 2.2 billion, that is 55% of the world populations, are without safely managed sanitation. Water use has increased sixfold over the past century, and it's rising by one person a year. And according to World Economic Forum, the world is set to face a 40% of shortfall water supplies by 2030. This is the scenarios of water situations, which is there for the whole humanity today. Then India and China have been facing water scarcity and worsened in recent years, as we all aware. Now I will not focus, I will not talk about Indian water scarcity or water problems, but I would like to put forward here the China situation. China compares almost 20% of world population. However, it has only 7% of the world fresh water. At least one third of China's legs and rivers are unfit for human use because of the pollution. And 73% of water seeds that supply water to China's fast-growing city face medium to high pollution level. And how water factors determine India-China relations? As we know, there are trans-boundary rivers between India and China. This trans-boundary rivers originated from China and are a major source of water for many parts of the country. China, in order to solve water scarcity, started many water projects, building dams along the Indian trans-boundary rivers, including Brahmaputra. A sharing of water, water of this trans-boundary rivers, particularly Brahmaputra rivers, is an issue of contentions, as we are aware. Now, I would just want to show the main four rivers in India originating from China today. Now, as you see in the map, see Indus River originate from Mount Kailas and Pakistan and then Arabian Sea. The other one is Sattles River and then River Ganga and then Brahmaputra. As the previous keynote speaker mentioned, China not only controls water flowing down to Indian territory, but also the other South Asian countries. If you can see here, the Yangtze River, the other one is Mekong River which flows to Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand and then Salawin to Brahma and then the other many small rivers are also there. Now, this is an explanation only, so I would not go details about that. Brahmaputra, the most contentious river in India-China relations, it is originated in the east of Mount Kailas and marched with Kichu River of Central Thivates. Flowing through Yolong Singpo is a name which China named Brahmaputra, then flowed through the eastern region of India becoming Brahmaputra and it's then descend into Bangladesh and finally to Bay of Bengal. Now, issue of contention between India and China. One very important issue here is China hydro hegemony. China being the upper-reparant nations control all these rivers which we have, which I had mentioned before. The source of water for many part of the countries, not only for many countries. Now, China started to use this river water unilaterally regardless of lower-reparant countries concern including India. China have a very strong point, a strong control over these rivers, asserting that these rivers start from their territory and it is theirs, so therefore they control. They refuse to sign international treaties regarding sharing of water with the lower-reparant countries. China started building up dams and water diversions projects for generating electricity to supply and to supply waters to men and China without the consent or without the knowledge of India. Now, these are the, I will show you this Yalung Jingbo of Bama Putra which start from Mount Kailas. If you can see here and it flows down and then here great bend here and then it flows down here and Bama Putra and so. So, this is the area, this is the place where many dams of water projects constructed and been constructed. Now, this is a very famous dam, one of the biggest dam, Jammu Dam construction, started in 2009. Then this is the completed Jammu Dam. It is functioning now. Then there are many more and the impact of these constructions of dams and water projects, hydro projects, is not affecting not only to India and Bangladesh but also in China, especially in the areas where Tibetans, poor people are living. One very important, I mean one of the serious impact here is valley over flooded. Here in Tibetans, the Tibetans are mainly nomad people. They used to move place to place and they depend on cultivations and this one, Keter Railing. So, for them a big problem mainly because of the valley over flooded and number two, loss of properties because of the flood and the building of dams, loss of cultivable land and loss of grassland and grassland as I said is very important for them because the the main cultivation agriculture and as I said Keter Railing. Now that impact in India, flood, equation and unexpected loss of property and kettles which I need to explain and the other one is fear among people because they don't know when it will come and then the third one is contaminations of drinking water, erosion, adversely affects the rich geo-environmental and biophysical setting. Now, this is a picture by one of my students. It was taken, you can see the color of the water. The people hardly don't know what is going on because without rain, water become so dark and it is assumed that this water pollution is the result of construction dam and water project construction in Brahmaputra and this is the other picture. It is the Sian River, it is the Brahmaputra in Arunachal. This is another picture recently took by one of our students. Then this is flood and the outcome of flood as we all aware of this. Then fear among people as I see, they don't know what is going on especially people living near the river. There are many villages that are not only in Bihar, not only in Assam, but also in this hill Arunachal, this one, state. So they don't know what is going on, sometimes flood came all of a sudden and then go soft and so on and so forth. So they are living in fear because of such activities. Now, this is another village and if you can see in the middle of the village there is a river that is Brahmaputra. Then the other very important issue here is suspicion and mistrust, which General also mentioned about it. The suspicion and mistrust is mainly because of like of communications or refused to communicate by China. In 2000, there was such a case happened, release of waters was there and sudden flood and many people died. And after Doklam standoff also, China refused to release share the hydro data, hydrological data. Therefore, India, many people, especially living near the river Brahmaputra had serious problems. Now, it was found out that this data hydrological data was sharing with Bangladesh and not with India. China claimed that it was not possible to share with India because a lack of data and there are technical problems with them. Therefore, it was not. But later, as I see, the data was shared with Bangladesh. Now, then the third one is the absence of water treaty or concrete mechanisms of water sharing between China and India. China has made a huge investment in dams and has not entered into any water sharing agreements with India. This is another problem which leads to suspicions and misunderstanding. China, depriving India of water during land seasons, becomes a possibility. It's in the hand of China whether they release or they stopped water. Now, several dams project, especially in Yalung Singapore, that is Brahmaputra assumed significant since India is directly and indirectly affected. Now, to conclude, I just want to put forward some points here. Now, water scarcity is a serious problem and will be a worsened in the near future. The continuous water-related issue tension between India and China can lead to serious threats to development, peace, and security for India as well as for South Asian countries. Therefore, there should be a serious dialogue and concrete agreements on water sharing between India and China. Government and academicians, researchers of India and China needs to collaborate to find out possible solutions because almost all the time government agencies always involve and living behind or living out academicians. Academicians need to come together and join in this regard because we need to study more details about this issue. Then the interests and grievances of the people who are directly and indirectly affecting the negative outcome of such issues, especially the poor people living in India as well as in China, needs to look into their interests and grievances are required to look into in these regards because they are the ones who are suffering without knowing exactly what is going on. China and India should also encourage the neighboring countries to come into treaties and agreements because they are a part and partial. So in last week, I had attended one international conference where the Nepal professor once argued that not only China, India also refused to share or come into treaties regarding the sharing of water and he was strongly, boldly spoke out because there are many Indian scholar also present that in the seminar stating that it is not right just to blame other countries. Those areas also needs to look into and invite the other neighboring countries, lower reparent countries to come together and have a dialogue and sign treaties and agreements. These agreements and treaties should be however on the basis of understanding natural benefits not only for India and China, but for also neighboring countries to have a lasting solutions. Thank you.


the prison from Shawshank Redemption. Man, look at these cells. Oh my God, it's like the hole barely fit through there. Now in the West Wing, these doors look a lot different. Cells are completely different, a lot smaller. And uh, what was going to say? They don't have beds in them, definitely a lot smaller. I can hear my voice echo. I can hear myself breathe. Interesting book that I have there, so symbology. It's incredible.