So good morning all of you we are continuing our derivations for similarity solution to different kinds of external boundary layer problems so we had looked at Falkner scan solutions and the corresponding heat transfer solution associated to Falkner scan velocity similarity solution in the last class and we had taken some special cases for that where m equal to 0 indicates flat plate and m equal to 1 indicates stagnation flow and in fact the stagnation flow is very useful because if you take for example the case of flow past a circular cylinder and if you are looking at the stagnation region you can convert the you can convert the coordinates from whatever you have here to the cylindrical coordinate and you can derive an expression for Nusselt number in the stagnation region of a circular cylinder okay that is what we had seen last day okay so apart from that in fact the most general generic case which we should have done is to consider a case of a boundary layer where you have transpiration at the walls okay so the Falkner scan solutions that we did considered no slip at the wall and no transpiration okay so in most of the cases where you employ what is called as boundary layer control okay so you want to control the boundary layer because it is sometimes detrimental sometimes it is beneficial so accordingly you may want to control it to your requirement so most of the times you may have to remove the reduce the boundary layer or if you have a separation you want to reduce the separation so all these things can be done if you actually not make it impervious but slightly porous okay so that means you allow some kind of vertical velocity which could penetrate through the walls of this wedge okay so this is basically your wedge angle beta pi okay and your coordinate system is this is your u velocity v velocity and this is your x and y I will let the limiting case of m equal to 0 leads to beta equal to 0 for which you have the flat plate case where you have transpiration from the walls of the plate all right so we will consider the similarity solution for that today and in fact this will be the most generic case and you can also apply the case that we derived before where you say there is no vertical velocity and that gives you the solution we derived in the last class okay so for this particular case we will look at only the this flat plate but it does not matter we will apply the general Falkner's can solution applicable to many configurations so the similarity equation that we derived in the last class is still valid because the boundary condition is not going to change the similarity equation right so what what we did was simply substitute for you u velocity v velocity and also all the gradients derivatives everything in terms of the similarity variables so that is still going to remain the same and therefore the similarity solution that similarity equation that we derived similarity equation for Falkner's can solution is still going to be valid so I am going to write it down okay so let us call this as equation number 1 this is your Falkner's scan similarity equation okay so the equation is the same the only thing that you need to modify is what the boundary condition okay so earlier we put the boundary condition that since u equal to 0 so you are DF by DE ? at ? equal to 0 so this should be equal to 0 right and at ? going to infinity this should be equal to 1 and apart from this what was the other boundary condition that we gave the Falkner's scan case I am just talking only about the flow right now F equal to 0 okay so what does that indicate V equal to 0 so this corresponded to the boundary condition V equal to 0 right okay so in fact if you had look at the expression for the velocity V maybe I can just write it down for your benefit we go back to yeah so that that is basically V by U 8 is equal to half square root of ? by U 8 x ? DF by DE ? – F so this was the expression for V so at the at the wall we have already mentioned that DF by DE ? equal to 0 so in order to satisfy the condition no slip V equal to 0 this also has to be 0 right so this corresponds to the fact that V equal to 0 now in this case we cannot do that because you have some small velocity transpiration velocity okay which has to be specifically accounted for in the boundary condition so therefore the solution for the equation has to be different because the equation although it is the same the boundary condition is now different okay so this is how you are including the effect of transpiration into the Falkner's scan solution so far this let me let us look at what is the appropriate boundary condition so now let us write down the expression for V will let us derive it from first principles because now your U 8 is a function of X okay so let us derive from first principles and see how it looks so this is nothing but D by DX the stream function in terms of the similarity variable can be written as U 8 U X into F of ? right so all of you agree so we had derived this for the Blasius case so the same thing is valid only thing now your U 8 is a function of X okay so we are looking at solution to problems where U 8 varies as C X power M okay so if you now differentiate it let me also do that once myself – D by DX of we can take F out differentiate by plus you have square root of U 8 U X into D F by D ? in fact this will be D total derivative here D F by D ? into D ? by DX okay so you can substitute for U 8 in terms of C X power M so this will be M plus 1 inside the square root okay so this also can be written as C ? X power M 1 so now how will you differentiate it you have minus F of ? so D by DX of this square root of C ? this is a constant so this is M plus 1 by 2 right into X to the power M plus 1 by 2 – 1 all right so then plus you have square root of C ? X power M plus 1 so you can also write this as square root of C ? into X power M plus 1 by 2 into D F by D ? into D ? by DX so now again we have to differentiate ? with respect to X and we know our ? is nothing but Y square root of U 8 by U X okay now again so U 8 you have to write in terms of X so this will be Y square root of C by ? so X X power M – 1 half okay so X M – 1 by 2 so when I say D ? by DX so this will be M – 1 by 2 into Y square root of C by ? into X power M – 1 by 2 – 1 okay so this is what I get for D ? by DX which I can substitute here okay so I can just write it as D ? by DX in the next step I am going to substitute and simplify so this will be – F of ? M plus 1 by 2 into X power M – 1 by 2 into square root of C ? plus – C into so what I am going to do is now my D ? by DX has square root of C by new square root of new and new cancels square root of C into square root of C is C so therefore I get a C and X power M – 1 by 2 – 1 into X power M plus 1 by 2 okay so what does it give X power M – 1 okay so therefore I will have X power M – 1 into I have M – 1 by 2 into Y so I have Y into M – 1 by 2 into D F by D ? okay so finally this is what I get for V velocity in fact you need to know this when we derive the Falkness can solution and I think I omitted these steps because I want you to do that yourself now I have done that you can substitute then for you and V into the boundary layer equations and finally you cancel of all the common terms you will end up with this equation okay I am doing the same thing now because we are more interested in the V velocity at the wall therefore I am doing this specifically now so now at the wall you are Y equal to 0 right so what happens this entire term disappears okay so therefore at Y equal to 0 let us call this as let us call the vertical velocity for transpiration as some V small s okay so therefore this will be equal to V small s which will be – F of 0 ? equal to 0 M plus 1 by 2 X power M – 1 by 2 square root of C ? okay so this is the expression for the transpiration velocity at the wall now what can you say what can you say about about the variation of the transpiration velocity with respect to X now the transpiration velocity need not be a constant okay so from here it says that it can vary with X okay but to find a similarity solution this particular boundary condition gives us a constraint for the variation of vs so can you guess what what should be the variation of vs how it should vary can it vary in area arbitrary manner say some X power n suppose it varies as X power M let us say okay so what would be the expression for F of 0 you have something the power dependence on X right so once you have dependence on X is that a similarity solution so it will not be a similarity solution right so it will not lead to if you have a boundary condition in terms of F which is a function of X so it does not give a similarity solution so therefore in order to make sure your F is a constant so only a constant value of F can lead to a similarity solution it should not vary with X or Y okay so for that case so your vs has to vary as X power M – 1 that is the only possible way correct only then your F of F at Y ? equal to 0 can be a constant okay so from this it clearly demonstrates that you can have a similarity solution to the Falkner's can problem with transpiration only if your velocity varies as X power M – 1 by 2 so only then the similarity solution is possible okay only then your F of 0 is a constant for a given value of M then your F of 0 will become a constant okay so now putting this condition we can write in terms of the boundary condition for F of F at ? equal to 0 let us call this as equation number 2 so therefore from from 2 you can in fact you can also expand one step further you can write your C in terms of U infinity by X power M so let you can write C is equal to because that is your condition here for the free stream and you can substitute into 2 so that will give you vs as – M plus 1 by 2 into F of 0 into so if you multiply and divide by U infinity I think we should be getting something like U infinity of X by square root of U infinity into X by ? okay you please check if this is correct U infinity by X power M so this is basically square root of U infinity that is correct yeah X power M I think that will give you square X power minus half yeah right so that should lead to this particular form right so this is nothing but square root of U infinity by square root of X by ? okay so if you substitute this in to see there you will be ending up so why I am doing this I am just rewriting in terms of Reynolds number that is all okay so now from here you will get your f of 0 as – 2 by M plus 1 okay into vs by U infinity of X now this is nothing but what Reynolds number to the power half so that will go to the numerator so this is your boundary condition now okay so you have put a condition on the variation of your transpiration velocity with your X it has to vary this way for a given value of M okay so so when do you say that you have a similarity solution so you have of course reduced to your partial differential equation in terms of the similarity variable ? you do not have any X and Y here okay also the boundary condition should not have any terms in terms of X and Y okay now when you write down the boundary condition for f of 0 now you see it is a function of some X okay if you want to make this independent of X and make it a constant it has you have to make sure that your transpiration velocity varies exactly by the same factor okay so that is this is the constraint that is required in order to get a similarity solution for this particular boundary condition so on so that has this has to satisfy this particular constraint okay for a given value of M your V has to vary according to along X as this particular relation okay only then you get the similarity solution because once you rewrite now what you are saying is this entire term is now what constant okay if your V s varies that way your f not has to be constant so this entire term has to be some ratio which is constant or fixed okay this ratio is called the blowing ratio okay you can give maybe some other notation to that I do not want to give anything I just want to describe V s by U 8 x re x basically is nothing but your blowing ratio which means that is something like ratio of V by X power M – 1 by 2 which is nothing but some constant okay so so that blowing ratio is specified for a particular problem you specify that your blowing ratio say some value something like 0.5 or – 0.5 depending on whether you blow or whether you are sucking the flow and based on that for a given value of M there is a constant value of F not which gives you a similarity solution okay so you solve the same similarity equation okay your other boundary conditions remain the same so what is your other boundary condition your f dash 0 equal to 0 okay and your f dash at infinity equal to 1 so these two boundary conditions are same the only boundary condition which is now slightly different is this and this is also not so different earlier this was 0 okay so far the case where M equal to 0 okay so this for this particular case vs will can vary only as X power – 1.5 okay so in that limiting case you can you can get f of 0 as 0 okay you can probably just check so when M equal to 0 vs varies as X power – 1.5 okay so yeah and if you do not have any transpiration velocity of course this will be 0 so therefore if your vs is equal to 0 so this gives your f of 0 as exactly 0 otherwise this is your corresponding expression so you know what is the blowing ratio depending on that you calculate the constant value of F not okay so the same procedure that you use to solve the other similarity equation the shooting method exactly the same way you do it okay only thing is now you have a value of f of 0 which is some constant value instead of 0 okay so that is the only difference okay if you want if you want me to write down the summarize the shooting method equations probably I will I will do that again so now you say your f prime equal to some G G prime equal to H and therefore what will be the corresponding equation this will be H prime is equal to – of M plus 1 by 2 x F x H plus – M x 1 – what is DF by D ? G G2 is equal to okay so this is your this is your set of OD is first order OD is that you have reduced from the given third order OD and the corresponding boundary condition so your earlier it was f of 0 equal to 0 now f of 0 is equal to – 2 by M plus 1 into blowing ratio okay so this entire thing let me use the notation BR it could be some constant value either positive or negative okay so therefore for a given value of M this is some constant what is the other boundary condition G of 0 will be 0 because G of 0 is f prime okay so the other boundary condition is what G at large value of ? say ? going to 10 ? equal to 10 for example this will be equal to 1 okay so you do not know the value of H so once again you can guess the value of H of 0 okay such that finally this condition is satisfied right so you know the value of f of 0 G of 0 you do not know value of H of 0 so you guess H of 0 iteratively I have given you the algorithm Newton's algorithm such that you get better and better guesses for H so that it satisfies this particular equation ultimately okay so the same exactly whatever the Newton's procedure and shooting technique that you use to solve is perfectly applicable only that your f of 0 is not 0 anymore it is just a constant value that is all and for if you write a program it does not matter for the program only you have to give some constant value there okay so you do not have great effort in so this is the most generic solution so you have this Falkner scan solution you have generic boundary conditions for the case where your blowing ratio is 0 this becomes no transpiration case and for different values of M you get different configurations okay so let me just summarize and write down the corresponding values of the curvature at the wall that is f double prime that is basically nothing but H of 0 for different values of blowing ratio okay for flat plate case so let me erase all of this so now since I have so many parameters now have to fix some of the parameters I am saying for m equal to 0 that is for flat plate okay now this is a flow problem so I do not have to fix any other number like Prandtl number or anything like that so for this particular case I have to check what is my f double prime of 0 for different values of blowing ratio which is nothing but vs by u 8 rex power half okay if I tabulate it in fact I have given you one problem in the tutorial second tutorial to do this I have asked you to vary the blowing ratios to different values and check what is the corresponding value of f double prime at 0 because why do you need f double prime 0 because this is directly related to the skin friction coefficient or wall shear stress okay similarly your ? prime of 0 is directly related to a heat transfer coefficient so these are finally what you require in order to calculate your heat transfer coefficient and skin friction okay for the value of minus 2.5 so these minus values actually indicate suction right so negative velocities and 0 indicates that okay now you tell me what should be the value for blowing ratio of 0.332 okay which we have already derived from Blasch's solution so for 0.250 then 0.5 0.585 okay this is like 2.59 so you can see the curvature increases with suction and actually decreases with blowing 0.945 0.523 0.165 0.036 and finally it becomes 0 okay so what do you think is happening here it becomes 0 for a blowing ratio of 0.585 sub flow is separating there okay at the separation your du by dy is exactly 0 your f double prime is also exactly 0 there okay so once it separates there is no point in going be beyond a blowing ratio of 0.585 that is why it is limited to that value so boundary layer theory is not applied applicable to that okay so this is all blowing and the above one section in fact the curvature you can see increases because you are trying to if you even have a separation if you suck it the separation gets minimized and you will have a more of a boundary layer flow okay so we will now quickly go to the heat transfer problem what do you think will happen to the heat transfer similarity solution how about the similarity equation for heat transfer will it change from what we derived for faultness can solution okay let me let me also write the fact that the skin friction coefficient is nothing but twice of f double prime of 0 by square root of Reynolds number okay so for the case of m equal to 0 this becomes 0.664 by square root of Reynolds number we should derive for the flat plate case so coming to the heat transfer problem okay was this covered under incompressible flows transpiration how about the heat transfer advanced heat and mass transfer okay we are asked to derive the similarity solution yeah integral solutions are anyway what we are going to do from maybe tomorrow onwards okay we will try to complete the similarity solution in the next one or two classes coming to the heat transfer so what should be the equation for similarity equation for heat transfer exactly identical to what we derived right no change and boundary conditions also now do not change assume that you have a constant wall temperature okay and you infinity T infinity and once it comes here this becomes you infinity of X and still T infinity okay so whatever equation that we derived last time for Falcon scan the same thing remains and the boundary condition also the same okay so the only thing this solution change is because the value of F changes now okay and that is used to calculate the non-dimensional temperature okay as is the equations and boundary conditions are the same but the solution will be a different solution so therefore you are more interested in the Nusselt number if you are looking at Nusselt number this is d ? by d ? at ? equal to 0 into rex power half this is what we derived finally so this is how the Nusselt number is related to the non-dimensional temperature gradient okay so all we are interested is ? prime at 0 so let us tabulate okay for some more I think this is coming from you from one of your textbooks so Prandtl number equal to 0.7 and also M equal to 0 so for this case you are blowing ratio versus your d ? by d ? d ? equal to 0 so 0 this is only for blowing not for section 0.375 0.5 so once again just like your velocity gradient keeps reducing your temperature gradient also has to keep reducing okay so 0.292 0.166 0.107 0.0517 okay so this with this information you can plug in for the say Prandtl number of 0.7 for a blowing ratio of this you can plug in this value and that is the relationship of Nusselt number with respect to Reynolds number all right so the same thing applies only thing you have to use the value of blowing ratio calculate different values of F and therefore solve the equation again by shooting method and from that you get your non-dimensional temperature gradient at the wall okay the same procedure whatever you did earlier same shooting technique applies okay so any any questions so far okay so one more last topic we will we will see for similarity solution before we move on to integral methods so this is for so far in the energy equation we have not accounted the viscous dissipation effects we have neglected them safely because we said we are looking for low speed flows what if the viscous dissipation effects are also considered do we find a similarity solution for that case yes okay even for this Falkner's can solution if you include the viscous dissipation effects into the energy equation we do indeed find a similarity solution okay so let us not do it for the general case let us do it for a flat plate case and I just want to tell you that that the same thing can be done for the case of Falkner's can solutions also because it is only the energy equation which is affected okay the flow remains the same all right so let us move on to that topic where we consider viscous dissipation effects any questions on this so far because we are not considering variable properties okay we are assuming that constant property assumption is still valid if your properties are function of temperature then yes then you do not have similarity solution in that case okay in all these cases we are assuming that the temperature the flow field they are decoupled therefore you first solve for the flow and that is used into the temperature equation all right so it is a constant property assumption okay so of course I know most of the flow flows where you have strong heat transfer at high temperatures and strong temperature gradients you will have considerable variation okay so that that is an assumption that we are using in all of these so let us look at some of the assumptions before we thermal boundary layer flow over a flat plate and although I am doing this for flat plate the same thing is apply applied to even wedge flows okay so when I say high speed here I am just indicating that the ratio of a cut number by Reynolds number is very important and therefore the viscous dissipation has to be considered so to write down the boundary layer equations in the case of flat plate anyway I am not going to consider the pressure gradient okay so these are your complete equations for flat plate where you do not consider pressure gradient term now we have also included the viscous dissipation if you non-dimensionalize this you will get this as the ratio of a cut number by Reynolds number where how is your a cut number defined you remember u infinity square by Cp say T wall minus T infinity okay so now this is subject to the boundary conditions that at y equal to 0 your u and v are 0 and for temperature you can say you can either have a constant wall temperature or you can also have an adiabatic temperature adiabatic wall I mean you are not allowing any heat transfer to take place at the wall but internally the temperature will vary because of the viscous dissipation you are understanding the fact so your viscous dissipation is an internal generation of heat okay you do not need to transfer heat externally with an internal gender because your kinetic energy is converted into is this is dissipated into heat at the viscous level at the molecular level so that is changing the temperature locally okay because this gradient of course varies inside so therefore there is a local variation of temperature so even if you maintain an adiabatic wall you can get a temperature profile if you have viscous dissipation so therefore for high speed flows can considerable effects can be observed where your temperature will vary from the free stream temperature because of viscous dissipation itself okay so you can also have heat transfer case even if you do not have any heat transfer through the wall okay so therefore you can also maintain a boundary condition that you are dt by dy 0 in either of these cases you can solve for heat transfer okay so and similarly at y going to 8 your u equal to u 8 and your t becomes 8 and same thing at x is equal to 0 okay so these are your governing equations now you can use the same boundary layer similarity expressions and substitute for u v all the gradients I am not going to do that okay so if you substitute that you will get a final similarity expression which is something like so if you if you substitute and you clean up all the unnecessary terms this is the final similarity expression solution equation for temperature because the flow still is the same as the flat plate blushes solution okay so only the energy equation will be changing a little bit so on that change will be a term which comes on the right hand side because of the viscous dissipation you have now this additional term which comes into the similarity equation right now why do I write this in terms of dimensional temperatures why am I not directly non-dimensionalizing here this is because now you have in fact two temperatures with which you can non-dimensionalize okay so you can have your free steam temperature T 8 and you have what is called as the adiabatic wall temperature okay so this is the wall temperature if you maintain an adiabatic boundary condition at the wall as I said you can have a heat transfer due to internal generation due to internal viscous dissipation and that will result in a wall temperature which corresponds to the case of no external heat transfer okay and that is defined as adiabatic wall temperature okay so if you do not have any heat transfer instead of using you know instead of using something like a free steam temperature you can also use adiabatic wall temperature so therefore you have too many temperatures here and we do not know which one we have to use to scale or non-dimensionalize the temperature therefore we will split this problem into two sub problems one in which we have T equal to T wall for which we have already derived the similarity equation the pole Haasens equation okay the other problem where you have only adiabatic boundary condition okay so finally if you look at the energy equation since this is quasi linear and also the boundary conditions are linear we can say safely say that the solution can be also split into two solutions and we can combine them in some linear fashion okay so one solution will be for the Paul Haasens solution the other where you have adiabatic temperature including the viscous dissipation adiabatic condition with the viscous so these two solutions can be then linearly combined and we can construct the final solution to this particular problem okay so just to give you an idea how the temperature profile looks before we wrap up if you plot your temperature in the x-axis and so somewhere so at y going to infinity your temperature will be your free stream temperature okay so that somewhere at y going to infinity that will be the free stream value and from there if you maintain as I said the problem number one is solve solving this without the viscous dissipation with constant wall temperature that is the pole Haasens solution how will you get your temperature profile it will be like this right this is the variation for case one or problem one this is nothing but your pole Haasens solution okay now if you do case B that is you apply adiabatic condition at the wall but you include the viscous dissipation term how does your temperature profile will look is something like this okay and the temperature value that you see here is the highest that is nothing but your adiabatic wall temperature and the condition that the flux has to be zero make sure that this becomes normal right at the boundary okay now if you have a combined case the case that we are looking here has both the solutions which you can linearly combine okay you have a constant wall temperature but you also have a viscous dissipation so then it has to force if forcibly written to this wall temperature which is a boundary condition but it will go through a process something like this okay so this is your case B okay this is your adiabatic wall including viscous dissipation now what I have drawn here okay this line this profile is for case a plus case B which is actually the solution let us say to equation number one with a boundary condition that you can have either a constant wall temperature or the adiabatic temperature so finally because of the viscous dissipation you force the temperature at the wall to T wall but the viscous dissipation effect will deviate the profile from the pole horse and profile okay so as I said that is the clue to solving this problem which we will do tomorrow we will split the solution into two parts case A will be the pole horse in which we already did case B will be the adiabatic case with the viscous dissipation which we will do and for each of this there is a way of two non-dimensional is ? okay so in this case we non-dimensional is with T infinity T- T infinity by T wall- T infinity in the other case we cannot use T wall because there is no wall temperature boundary condition there so we have to use a different temperature scale which we will define okay and finally we will express the final solution in terms of the linear combination of those two solutions okay so we will stop here today.


Many of us, we have many strengths and weaknesses in ourselves, but many of us don't know about our strengths. We should know about what prime objective you are for, like in future what you should be. Many of us will think we should be in a high position. So, cut the part you have to do. You have to know and you should know about yourself first of all. How about your personality? You are the personality assessment paper. We fill it up and we analyze how we took decisions in different situations. What we thought, how we take our decisions and goal setting. I used to write down my goals, not as frequently, but I used to do. But after this session, I decided to continue it, I decided to make it up to my habit. Sir, here are some beautiful examples of goals setting, not in our mind, in our paper. How we change someone's future, how we influence their thinking. And we are asked to write about our short term goals and long term goals. The way, how we are going to achieve the benefits we and our family get. When I thought about to write my goals, the benefits, I was like, ok, if I do this, I will be happy. My family will be happy for me. Well, then I thought, ok, I should, I should do that. I should do that, not even for me, for my family, so that I can see them happy. And help me to identify myself, my thought process and my goals and how I should, what I should do to achieve them. Thank you, sir. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you for watching the video. Please subscribe to my channel by clicking on my picture below.


In this video, we're going to look at a Zener diode as a voltage regulator. Now, remember, with the Zener diode, it's a little different than a regular diode, the fact that it blocks up to a certain voltage. It's breakthrough voltage, and then it maintains that voltage across it, which makes it very ideal for a voltage regulator, if you have a load that has to have a constant voltage across it. Now, we also have to have a current limiting resistor on this side as well. So you've got your load and your current limiting resistor. Now, let's throw some values at this just to show, walk through, how this all works. So in this case, I've got a 24 volts source. I've got a 100 ohm current limiting resistor there. I've got a 500 ohm load. And I've got a Zener that has a breakthrough voltage of 15 volts. With 24 volts on it, this guy is going to block 15 volts and put 15 volts across the 500 ohm resistor. And the remainder of it is going to go across the 100 ohm resistor. So I have 15 volts across my load and then up with 9 volts across my 100 ohm resistor. Now, I've got basically everything I need to figure out currents. I can determine my current by going 15 volts using Ohm's Law divided by 500 ohms. And that will give me a current of 30 milliamps. And up here in my current limiting resistor, I can just take 9 volts divided by 100 ohms using Ohm's Law, 90 milliamps. And the only thing left to figure out now is I can figure out what my Zener current is. Well, up here I have 90 milliamps and there's a node here. I have 30 milliamps coming to this node and suddenly it becomes 90. That means that across this Zener, I must have 60 milliamps flowing. And that's it. That's as far as you need to know really for a Zener diode circuit acting as a voltage regulator. As long as you remember that you need to have this Zener has to be in reverse bias. If it was the other way, then you would just see the regular 0.7 volt drop across it. So as long as you have this fellow right here in reverse bias to the source, you're good to go.


Okay. All right. Welcome to the translation of the talk Festival of Democracy by Daniel Möhring, Holger, Nuri Maren and Oliver Gemballa. There were a few collaborations that happened during the G20. Also in cooperation with the CCC there were especially relevant for this talk today. There is no time project and the FCMC and they're probably going to explain what they exactly did. And we both have representatives of both of these initiatives. All right. And translation to you for you will be doing today, Mahler and Ningvi. So have fun with us. Bear with us. I hope you're still enjoying Congress on day three. And all right. Have fun with the talk. Applause from the audience. We can hear a helicopter noise at the moment. They're trying to raise it up. So it's even louder. Still helicopter noise. I think they're trying to get you in the mood for what Hamburg sounded like during the days of G20. Thank you that we can be here. There was more helicopter noise. All right. We want to introduce to you FCMC, the alternative media center and Tint, 48 hour live stream. And both of these are projects that have very different scales, but both of them used media. And there was TV like formats that were used to get to a broader audience and public. But before we start describing these projects, let's jump back a little bit in the chronology of things. And Marin is going to talk a little bit about how Hamburg developed and felt like before G20, a time where we all really felt that something needed to be done. All right. The G20, I wanted to bring that back to memory. I mean, obviously a lot of you already knew G20 is an informal get together of the most important industrial and bordering countries which followed the G7 and G8 and is the important meeting where finance, climate politics, migration changes, things like that are being discussed. So there's a lot of stuff that's being discussed and that can be criticized without even talking about the people being present such as Putin, Trump and Erdogan. Have we seen them? All right. Look at them. That's them. That's the G20. In the beginning of the year of 2016, it was announced that the German government was going to have the head of G20 and decided that they were going to have it in July 2017 in Hamburg. And that is interesting from a question of why it makes sense to have things like that happening in cities like Hamburg. And I mean, ever since Seattle and Geneva, I mean, it's been a question of does it really make sense to have these? And I mean, like the one in Heiligndam in 2007, there was a reason that it was put in the peripheries. Like why? Because it's a lot easier with the infrastructures and also with security reasons to have these meetings and get-togethers in the peripheries. So this time around, they wanted to have to show kind of as a proof of democracy to have the big summit, the G20 in a big city. There was a public information event happening in 2016 in the Congress Hall in Hamburg, which was selected as the place where G20 was supposed to be taken taking place. The blue zone is the inner city of Hamburg. The Congress halls are very centrally located. You can see the FCMC. You can see down below where Tint was located. You can see where the Philharmonics were are. And you see how it's like located right in the center. And you can see right next to FCMC, there's St. Pauli and Standschanse and the Red Flora, which are the party and bar districts of Hamburg, and especially Red Flora as one of the alternative left centers. And it was becoming more and more clear that it was a question of safety to have that taking place directly in the heart of the city. And half a year before the summit took place, you could see the situation dramatizing further and further and you could see the increase of the discussion around safety and security issues with regards to the summit. And in September, there was an event. People were invited. It was about double the size of this room. There were about 800 people who lived in the area who came to show up to understand and get informed. And they wanted to know how the politicians thought that what the summit would look like and how it would concern them. And there was two microphones in the room through which they could ask questions. Of course, there were gigantic queues of 50 to 100 people right behind the microphones. The two microphones that were in the room, and there were always a lot of concern and worries, and people weren't really interested if you could celebrate children's parties during the summit. And if it was possible to get a pizza delivered, those were things that were also amongst the questions that were asked. But there was also massive concerns that were being raised from people who live in the area. Contrary to the questions asked, the politicians representatives, the political representatives, especially the Minister of Internal Affairs and the Mayor of Hamburg stood their ground that the summit having it in a big city like Hamburg, it should be working and showing that a democratically functioning society can handle stuff like that. And we have given the title to this talk. Can we go back to the title? Yeah. Okay, thank you. A Festival of Democracy. Or is it a scheduled state of emergency? And it became more and more clear that this was supposed to be used as an event to drive the discourse of inner safety and security and the fight against terrorism. So there was a lot of power given to the police. It was announced beforehand by Antti Grotus, the Minister of Internal Affairs, that this event, the summit, would be basically a window into the workings of modern police work. And that it was never really considered that it was clear from the get-go that this was not supposed to be a de-escalation. There were 10,000 police officers that were supposed to be there. And in the end it was 31,000. And I think, to be honest, this number was probably higher, the dark number of, we probably don't even know how many press, like how many policemen were actually present for the summit. The Hamburg Yellow Press took a gigantic role, the Hamburg Abendland warned off the biggest black bloc that would be facing Hamburg. And the welcome to hell demonstrations that were announced the night before the G20 was supposed to happen. And it was put into direct correlation to the escalation that was, it was basically announced beforehand before it actually took place. And it was, and then that's what then happened on the night of the 6th of July. There was a new temporary prison that was introduced. There was a social media team by the police that was being increased and staffed more heavily that were supposed to do the work on, the police work on Facebook and Twitter. There was telephone lines for civilians, the press department of the police is being higher staffed. And you can see, month in advance before the summit, you have the different discourses that are filling the rooms. We're on the one hand, there's the discourse, it would be better to just leave the city. There's advice to just, there's like by high officials from the Ministry of Internal Affairs, why don't you go to the Baltic Sea for the day, if you could. They would really advise you to do that. Offices and companies are letting their people off for the day. And there's shops that are like barricading their doors. And the path to what will happen during the summit was made and laid out much beforehand. And the politicians were really busy with trying to calm everyone down. We have a quote here from the Mayor of Hamburg, who compares the G20 summit to the harvest birthday. And I'm to be honest, still baffled that the summit is not over yet and how the discourse is still going on. That's a quote by the Mayor of Hamburg. We're going to show you a short chronology of the week of the summit to stress that starting with Monday, the 3rd of July, there were a couple, 10,000 people in the city on Monday night what happens, it happens what was basically made possible weeks beforehand. There's a legal camp that is taken down by the police and the illegality of the action of the police is then in the aftermath given. So that was sort of a safe space for activists, not far from the convention center. And there were a lot of people on the streets all throughout Hamburg. And it was very much peaceful until the first escalation tactics by the police started on the 5th of July, the so-called alternative summit at the Kampnagel station started. And there was a demo rave on Wednesday. Everything for everyone. There was a title and again, there were 10,000 of people on the streets. And then on Thursday, the 10th, the Welcome to Hell demonstration, sorry, on the 7th of July, there were actions all throughout the city trying to bar passage. And this led to this nice split screen image on Friday. You see all the summit participants listening to Beethoven's 9th symphony in the newly built Elbphilharmonie. And you have also garbage on the streets of St. Pauli. And then on Saturday, the largest demonstration actually 20 with over 80,000 participants. And again, this peaceful protest was harassed by police. So so much for the chronology of this week. And I now want to pass back to Tint. There is no time. Hi. So that was a short introduction. And I'm now going to try to explain what we did. Unlike FCMC, we were going to look at the structures behind this whole spectacle. So we didn't just want to bash those political figures. But we really wanted to take a closer look at this event. We didn't really expect anything great to come out of it. Does anybody know what came out of it? I don't think so. So that was very distant. And for us, it wasn't about looking what's happening in Hamburg at the summit. We wanted to look at the substance. We wanted to really think about this festival of hopelessness. Like what's up with that? Why do people feel so disenfranchised? And Nouriel is going to continue. We started out with a very strong critical thought about the economic situations in which we all live. So for us, we came up with this idea of developing a TV channel in which the official agenda of the G20 should be discussed. And Tint, we can talk about this in three ways. The content first that really focused on this 48-hour live stream. A large part of that was our developed interview format and also some documentary features and other short clips. The place where this took place was where we produced these videos. Most people at Tint lived there for the time of production. And every day there were spectators coming and seeing this live. And the third part is the network. So from the place where we were, we transmitted this into the whole city of Hamburg, into bars, libraries, into public and sort of public institutions. And even and especially into the area around the summit, which of course was where activities and demonstrations were prohibited during the time of the summit. And so we tried to take these narratives from the G20 summit and reinterpret them. And so we invited expert speakers to develop a critical perspective, giving examples and trying to find ways to deal with the situation. So as an example, possibilities of digitalization. So we talked about the widespread digitalization that's happening and logistics. And of course we know about that in the harbor city of Hamburg. And we also discussed that these crucial points of logistics, whether they can be changed or not. All right. So yeah, we're going to talk more about these places. But I'm just going to say something about our group. So this is really different from FCMC, where a lot of people were involved. And for us, it was more about basically a group of friends. It was maybe 15 people in the core group and 50 that really were involved in the whole process. Three quarters of us were women, which is quite interesting. We had like 6000 euros as a budget. And most of us come out of artistic contacts. So just to give you a rough idea. And yeah, we're going to continue talking about the place. So what you can see here is down there in the picture. That's the archipelago. A 50 square meter swimming studio that we put into the area of hammer broke outside of the blue zone that you saw earlier. So a lot was on land, for example, the stage and places for sleeping, kitchen and whatnot. Next picture. What you see here is what we really felt in situ. We really felt, you know, this was a contrast to what was happening in the rest of the city. It was very much idyllic. And it was really a place to calm down. And we only saw the helicopters far away on the horizon. And so the people working there, that was the film crew, camera, sound, live cutting. Next picture, the set team. So studio design, mask lighting, stage managers, infrastructure team and fantastic cooks that provided us all with food. As for all other tasks, we had content that was, you know, the core of it all. And there was an organizational group that was tasked with preparing this content. And, you know, which experts can we invite to talk about this? And we really try to educate ourselves to get on the same level. And this worked really well. And it was a great experience for all of us to make this happen. And so here in this list, you can see all the titles of our, of the official G20 agenda.  And we've tried to reach out to different groups, to the FCMC, to the Chaos Computer Club, who, to people who really helped us. And our declared goal was not to have this very simplified criticism of the situation in which we live, but to really think about what's going on and to find points where people can focus direction.  So we saw ourselves as part of the regular protest, not outside of it. And we just wanted to add something to the protest that was out there on the street. And so we have some examples for that if we continue. That's what our stream looked like in all of the places throughout the city where you could watch it. And yeah, we also had this area for text where we could announce stuff, whatever came into our minds.  This is something different, a panel with Bini Adamczak, who did an introduction to the terms work and economy, labor and economy and why that is relevant today. Another panel on the topic of Africa. Did you mention yet that down there? Yeah. All right. Sorry. So one topic at G20 was deepening friendship with Africa. And so we had a historian there. And it was about the colonial past of Germany and Hamburg self image as a gateway to the world. And in this talk, it was also about the genocide the Germans did in the 20th century in Africa with the people. And we wanted to show on what foundation the G20 talked about the deepening partnership with Africa. And so the next picture, we're going to talk a little bit about these kind of receiver points that we built spread out through the whole city. Let's do a little excursion the techniques later. We had on site a car where we had life editing and then who was from the free public channel Tide and we had a coder from the Vok team so that we could generate a signal. So we were like, how are we going to put that on the internet? So we then asked next door at the tire car park, we're apart from G20 and we'd like to put an antenna on your roof. Surprisingly, they were really happy and they were like compliance. We explained a little to them what we were doing, but they were happy and worked with us and it seemed that proved to be a very robust solution from there on out. We went to the server of the CCC or the Vok and from there on the stream was spread out further to YouTube to a website and so on and so forth. And then it went also to the server of infobeamer.com that then helped by giving us their software in an adaptive way that was made for our project. And from there it went to all the different points of our Raspberry Pi in the city that we had set up and it was received the way that we showed you before with the little infos and fields and the talks and the Twitter feed below. And now we're going to talk a little bit about the receiver stations. We're kind of running out of time so very briefly about this. We had 40 places all over Hamburg. In the center it was really easy to find partners that would put up screens in the fringes. It was a bit more difficult because we really had to build up trust and it was a lot of times about understandingly so that people did not want to be regarded while they understood our criticism. I mean they really understood our criticism at the same time. They didn't want to do the step to be part of a political activist and portray themselves as such. Next picture please. All right. There were what you can see with the Tuva era is nothing that we started. It was something that another group started that went out with a little pocket projector and projected it on their own initiatives and places in the city and that obviously made us very happy. The communication with these receiver places, even though I show this in a bit of a negative light, it was also a very essential part of the project to raise these questions and address these questions whether or not you want to portray yourself as political. All right. Let's go quickly on. All right. Very shortly and briefly. I think for all of us this was a very interesting and wonderful experience that these things can be made possible, that you can have an idea and with a lot of persistence you can really get stuff going and the ball rolling and you can see people politicizing and that was a very important and good experience and all of a sudden you have these people with lots of capacities and special knowledge and special technicians and it was all there and I think that was something that we were going for that you can make stuff possible if you just want them. But let's talk about FCMC. All right. Cut. Let's talk about FCMC and Oli you should be smiling. All right. Applause for the smiling person on stage. Okay. So there's a few people that are live here through another channel. So we get these beautiful hints of people not smiling enough on stage. So FCMC is they have this it was born out of this mood that we were talking about earlier. There was the sneaking suspicion that there would be a very one-sided media coverage and there was a general criticism on the G20 summit that which is why in beginning of February 2017 we decided that we wanted to have an independent international media center and wanted to give a space and became more concrete that turned into FCMC and that then was located in the stadium of the Soccer Club FC Seng Paoli. We asked ourselves how can we make it possible under the circumstances of a big state event to give pluralistic media coverage. So FCMC was supposed to be part of a piece of the protest as well with the overall goal to show and cover the G20 summit but also the protests and the surrounding protests and do that in a differentiated manner. It was supposed to be a media experiment. We really saw this as an experiment. And we never intended to have something concrete or an idea that was to be fulfilled. It was really about how can a media activist practice look like. So as a project this was to be a very diverse and you can see that in the FC generator up there is a lot of names and different names showing up how you can interpret the FCMC. So all of this was obviously not born out of the blue but it was initiated out of a network a concrete network that is very local. It's a very Hamburg based network but above all and that was very important was carried on internationally. Some of them locally got together but also were spread out. In the beginning there was a small group with different backgrounds to like name this. There's no time for that. I'm sorry. But we had the immense of luck that we found a perfect space for this mad big project and that was the stadium of FC Sankt Paoli and the contact to them. That came out of a lot of work that was done in the district from a lot of people from the network and also from people representatives of the soccer club. And so there was a lot of trust from the side of the football club towards us and they really wanted to support our idea and project. So on the first of May we finalized our contracts and then there was finally a concrete legal ground for there was a first press release that then came out on the 14th of May that announced that coalition and all in all this project there was driven by a lot of groups and small companies that come from the district Sankt Paoli and it was supported in experience time and they really there was one company that gave 9,000 portions of food and we have a short clip that we want to show you. We also worked together with mainstream media this is one of the examples network, computer boards, keyboards, monitors, places of work. These are the comparisons between the G20 official offices and the alternative one in the stadium of Sankt Paoli. The official one is done by the official press office of the German government, 4,800 journalists from 65 countries who are organized from representatives of 700 media. Every journalist that can be proved that they are journalists that has an official paper that they are supposed to publish on the report they have to have a journalistic background and then they can accredited for the official bureau. For the ones who do not fit those means there is the independent media center, FCMC, a little bit improvised based on donations with lots of with technical support from the chaos computer club around 400 accredited from roughly two dozen countries by the voluntary run organizers. Those are freelancers, those are people that are in on editing boards, that's TV, print, radio, everybody's there. I mean there's also a lot of media activists who are doing blogging and social media. It's mainly G20 critical people from the left spectrum that find work space. There's going to be live space, there's going to be press conferences and discussion rounds that is being hosted by the cult, almost cult like soccer club and the soccer club thinks it's really important to have an alternative media coverage. It's very helpful when talking about G20 summit to show more facets and different lights and it's I think there's a lot of different aspects that are going to happen content-based wise also that should be looked at from different sides. The first press conference tonight not everything was running smoothly but it's also the first alternative press center as part of the G20 history and a symbol of how it separates the city into two sides. I mean there's a few theses in this little clip but that's maybe something for another talk. There was a lot that was raised in this talk and we really had an invitation to give people and I mean it was also kind of we wanted a critical journalism. We wanted to give a critical questioning of journalism a platform so we came up with this idea reinventing critical journalism and times of effective populism and this is to this day the unresolved research questions for this project. We never had the goal to in any way shape or form really fulfill this ideal but we obviously did a lot in the framework of this at least that's what we hope. I mean we also send out an open invitation and open accreditation to with very few critical aspects that you're not allowed to do like being part of the police or a secret service or such things as that then you could not become accredited with us but other than that we were really open. You only needed an email address with reference to the media or background that you have. We really tried to keep it as low level as possible and target it towards media activists as well as professional journalists with press cards and press IDs and everybody was welcome really. We wanted to really work against the becoming more and more precarial working circumstances that journalists find themselves in so we didn't have any money that was needed to be put in. There was no we just gave work spaces and a press ID wasn't necessary in order to become accredited and you could even sign up on grounds through this form that you saw beforehand you could we could see who got accredited and then who then actually showed up on site we had a few numbers we had about 1143 people who did wanted to get accredited and then 978 people actually checked in so accreditation was also the sign up and it was also how people were split up by the different skills for the media center but also different tasks and works so we had 493 people checked in for the crew. Just a quick overview that we're not going to go through oh can I can I quickly you can see it's a bit like the angel system that we used for the accreditation here and wanted to use that for the different shifts but the shifts for congress are very different so a lot of stuff that we planned we had to change on site and we couldn't execute everything that we wanted to do the way that we wanted to do and we had to do that very short notice so if you do things like that a lot of people that help are a lot better absolutely a very essential piece in building this was collective processes in the context of the center there was self organizing professional but not commercial I think that was really what's important it was all based on donation but also low level like low in entry levels for example for the different what a very open editing concept and idea yeah and we had of course so we also had a lot of discussions in the beginning about all these processes and we're going to give an example later but even during this experiment we had different forms and ways of communicating that we thought of and so yeah we're gonna give an example for that here you can see one of the main elements the daily press conferences held on the south side of the stadium again a brief summary it was a week of really hard work there were helicopters everywhere so yeah don't mention the sound quality it was the noise stayed with us constantly and so we were very happy to have this sort of refugium space and in our immediate neighborhood there are some other projects so the catering anti-fuck cooking for the people who came to the demonstrations and participated soccer matches and throughout all this we really stayed within the stadium for 24 seven without having to talk to any sort of janitor so that was really due to the mutual respect and trust with the soccer club and our good very good work leading up to the summit so this is a brief overview on the map you see the different spaces the journal space and the social space next to it i'm going to talk about that a bit more so we really try to invite a lot of people to this so we tried to using the german press agencies mailing this to invite people and get people from different backgrounds to come lawyers representatives of the demonstrations and political activists and so they could talk about the daily news or even about the stuff that was talked about at the camp nagel so about long-term goals and we really try to have lots of different commentaries given here it was done every morning at nine o'clock translated simultaneously and in cooperation with the ccc wok sent to the internet as a live stream the social space wasn't uh we didn't put as much work into this as the tint so this is a regular room um recreational room of the fc sank pauli we didn't want to have any pictures taken within the fc mc we had the stage for that but um inside we wanted it to be very much quiet we didn't want any home stories about this project and all of these inquiries were done uh outside on the stage or somewhere else in interviews so this was a recreational room to calm down to rest and there was also a bar and so the main workstations uh those were the studios where you could create and edit journalistic pieces and we entered this room on sunday and stayed for seven days and there was like no trial at all no trial period and so it was very interesting to see how this collaborative situation uh developed itself how people came in with certain interests and that brings us to the next slide uh plan there was a original original idea for um decision making and uh production production structure so this worked on some levels but not on others and the important thing for us what was um some words on the press codex we to uh keep within the bounds of the law we had to have some structure to not violate any privacy rights uh any uh journalism laws and so yeah i can show this on my laptop but not up there so on the right you see this uh cvd there was a structure for people to hand in material they filmed on the street and then have other people uh edit that and for me there was quite an interesting process because this really you know questions the terms of authorship and really creates a huge pool of material um that really led to very heterogeneous results uh i just wanted to point out we're you know we don't have any time whatsoever so very short we really broke this down uh into everyone can read and write everywhere no right distribution whatsoever and the way we handled we entered on sunday and then tuesday at six p.m the first press release went out and it worked all right um technical side of things uh acceptance station for media what i talked about um so you know we deleted the uh chewed data metadata from the photos um we had 10 work spaces for cutting two studios um this open broadcasted software an interesting live direction tool where people really learned to use it and use it well within a very short period of time and so this really you know went straight through the roof uh on sunday um because really the first press conference on tuesday after two days that's amazing and then we also had this uh radio studio working with us um this was available for uh everyone uh people could bring in their own uh yeah guests for interviews uh we had technical assistance provided some of photos so the fcmc um some numbers it cost us 50 000 euros uh which were covered by uh donations and so thank you to everyone who participated in that applause for that so all of this is still um available online except for uh our temporary tweets we're going to talk about what sort of applications we use to um spread our material there was a youtube channel uh everything we produce is still on media.ccc.de over 70 videos produced during those six days the archive on youtube is still up as well we also had this video um stream maybe similar to uh what tint did um to have this show locally on browsers in various places in hamburg what we also want to mention is krasvots tv grassroot tv another organization from hamburg yeah so this is youtube you all know this and now we're just going to show some material that was um produced at fcmc focus point hamburg very welcome to the fifth press conference servus hello a little bit louder hi hi we're live at fcmc and now we're watching part of the protesters the media center works as a platform for independent media coverage on g20 summit until sunday we have crazy days ahead of us and we are want everyone to take on their professional job responsibly uh question question and do not buy into the yellow press kind of headlines the reason that i'm participating is the alternative summit of the people at the time of the g20 is because we are living in a very divided very fragmented very brutalized world and we're a world where just one thinking of neoliberalism is dominating all country's policies we need to think alternatives that protect the planet and that protect the livelihoods and lives and freedoms of people and we need more solidarity hi fellows i'm sorry i don't speak german but he does africa for us africans is in africa we find a lot all the material all the premier materials for development we're now listening to music from the protests we're living we're experiencing at the moment an attack on democracy on the liberal democracy yesterday we had the problem that six colleagues known to us were not given the accreditation from the official press offices and or they got taken away from them uh without any sense uh arbitrarily arbitrarily all right let's look at the first photo it's basically like civil war that are being produced by the people who are in the state power and not the ones who are standing out peacefully we're here because they're killing us so our messages to come together to make solidarity okay we come from paris we're two journalists and we're watching the police storming the chance the chaos people that you can see here have covered their faces have weaponized themselves that are not passive we do need uh the state of emergency is what what we need is the guarantee for gathering available gathering and what that's what we're fighting for we are trying to talk to the police and asking them to take a step back from escalation and escalating the scenario and it really fears us that there's a couple of the anti-g20 protesters that are attacking small shops and that are setting fires on cars that are people are living here and the people that are living here are on their side of the protesters and we're with you and you need to take a step back and we're upset and angry for the cuts on civil rights that we're experiencing from the sides of the politicians who just want to show and we need to she's reading something that is really hard to translate because everything is going on very quickly all right helmet can you explain to them why we didn't have another choice after waiting for a long time and then storming onto the shoulder with weapons shoulder that is located in the stern chance uh i'm sorry you have to really forgive the kind of blurry lines uh because this is like a heat detector can you see them assume lighting a mullet of cocktail and he's throwing it to the uh this is like a life-threatening attack on the people who are being put on site do you have any more questions all right big applause for the video clip that we just saw i hope you guys forgive me any kind of inconsistencies that might have happened because there was a lot of quick quotes we did our best up here all right okay we got another five minutes and we thought we'd give like a 15 minutes for questions but um announcing if you want to come up to us and talk to us we're we're going to be outside of the hall just after the talk and available for you guys to talk to and we have time um i would like to do a final round and have to uh talk about uh the um showcase of modern police work that we started it was talked about in the beginning i mean you might have had of uh for weeks now we have the public um search for still for trying to track down people who um should be on the wanted list of the police of vandalizing during g20 and at the moment uh there's a lot of offence towards personal rights that obvious at least are being mirrored by the media coverage uh you might have uh seen the title of zutat saitung or have it in your background that g20 is not a free pass for breaking the law where you have the feeling that the colleague riba prente is one of the few people that upholds the press codex and it's obviously something that's still very viral it's not known to me that to this extent we ever had police braving showing off with working with uh software and automated understanding and video footage of of trying to understand how specific people moved during g20 to then afterwards prosecute them so the showcase of modern police work is something that we really need to watch i don't really know i'm just going to pass on the microphone because we really are running out of time i just quickly wanted to uh underline that we obviously are not up here together without reasons it's obviously important to announce like a collaborator in these things to to create bounds i mean we create assemblies we combine skills we read together and that's how we get further ahead and the circumstances are not being set in stone and this is what we want to pass on to you that we didn't just do a project and you can also do this there's a plus from the audience for that okay all right you can do this as well if when you have the ccc and the vock on your side for example yeah really uh to summarize and to and we have our final resolution and you can see it on the fcmc.tv where we want to uh show that g20 in Buenos Aires is just up ahead and to inspire people and if maybe you're thinking about it maybe somebody's here like come come up to us talk to us we we really want to be part of this in spanish english and german our resolution is up on the page one more thing not just in our own idea before the talk there was one person that came up to me that asked that tomorrow at three at the rocket there is supposed to be a picture taken for imprisoned people from the g20 summit i don't know more about this but i wanted to pass it on i have another thing another call that i want to send out there on saturday we were in the disposition to try to record our own live stream so if anybody's got this on video the live stream of the fcmc we would really like to have this thank you oh a plus from the audience do we still have time for a question or two um i think i'm afraid we're out of time uh anybody can give me a show of hand uh according to my watch we're out of time i really want to ask for a big round of applause for this great talk uh there's lots of applause going on right now


Rhaid fawr i ddweud ar y 9 ymgyrch yn 2019 am y ddegwyr cymdeithasol â Llyfrgell Llyfrgell. Y gynhyrch yn ystod y Byddwr Cyngor ym Mhwyfyrr Cymru yn 7, ond y byd sy'n ei ddweud ymgyrch yn y prif, rhaid fawr i ddweud hynny? Agender item 2, ydych chi'n ddrafft, ffordd, ystod o euw, ysgol, ymgyrch, aethra, regulatio 2019, a'u ddweud ar y Unio Uned Rhywbeth yw 2018. Yn ymgyrch ar ymdillwyr o'r protocolau SSI, mae'n ddweud ar y prosesiwn ymgyrch. Udych chi'n ddweud ar yr oedd ymdillwyr o'r rhai i fy hoffa ddefnyddio yw'r credu cyfnodor gyf feast mate ym neith ydyw'r bobl cydnodynol. Nid yw'r credu cefnod y bydd yn Llych Lunar o Following Nik Sounds Unrhyw Gwasanaethol neu Brian Williams yn ei dda aturio d bilateral yn dweud yn y Lizon Fath Cymtamwch users ydy яr meddwl o bobl cyfosolaeth yn gweiny wahanol ei sgolwg ei cribwys, mae'r Georgeella Fath Cymへw yn dda mewn mesfyn modulesenau Brandon i'r amser poeiturau gydi petir was которой arfer bod yn fokaeth ei faceo cyquiwr i'r Fy enw yw'r ddraft Scotland act 1998 transfer of functions to the Scottish ministers etc. Order 2019. This relates to the assessment of the environmental impact of electricity generating stations situated in the Scottish part of the renewable energy zone. As a Scotland act order, it's also being considered in each house at Westminster. It contains a minor drafting error relating to the citation of the Scotland act 1998. Full details can be found in our correspondence with the Government, which is included in our papers. It appears there's no need currently to correct the minor error, but if the order requires to be amended at a later date, then the Scottish Government has undertaken to work with the UK Government to adjust the provision. Does the committee wish to draw the order to the attention of the Parliament under the general reporting ground as it contains a minor drafting error in paragraph 1 of article 4? Okay, there are further two draft affirmative instruments on our agenda. Our advisers have not raised any points on them. The instruments are the Motorsport on Public Road Scotland regulations 2019 the Plant Health EU Exit Scotland amendment etc regulations 2019. In addition, we've also had before us the technical scrutiny of the forestry EU exit regulations we looked at under item 2. No points have been raised by our advisers, but it's worth highlighting that both this instrument and the Plant Health instrument just mentioned have been relayed by the Scottish Government to correct a couple of errors. Is the committee content with these instruments? Thank you. Item 4, we're considering instruments subject to the negative procedure. The first one is the Seed and Propagating Material EU Exit Scotland amendment regulations SSI 2019-59. This amends a number of marketing regulations for seed and plant propagating materials. It does, however, contain errors relating to the definition of an EU regulation, a reference to an EU directive and a redundant provision. The full details of these issues, identified by our legal advisers, can be found in our correspondence with the Government, which is included in our published papers. Does the committee wish to draw the instrument to the attention of the Parliament under reporting ground H on the basis that the meaning of regulation EC 1829 stroke 2003 could be clearer with reference to the unnecessary definition in regulation 9 to A9 of the instrument? Does the committee wish to draw the instrument to the attention of the Parliament on the general reporting ground in respect of the issues identified in the papers in regulation 13, 5C and D, as well as regulation 16, 7A of the instrument? Does the committee wish to welcome the Government's undertaking to rectify the errors that I just referred to in regulations 9 and 16 at the next available opportunity? Does the committee wish to call on the Government to use that opportunity to also amend the error that I referred to in regulation 13 of the instrument? Furthermore, part 3 of the instrument inserts provisions into a number of the marketing regulations for seed and plant propagating material that refer to, quote, legislation recognised by the Scottish ministers to have equivalent effect to various regulations. Does the committee wish to welcome the Government's intention in due course to amend the relevant marketing regulations to insert appropriate references to any specific legislation recognised as equivalent? The next instrument is the education fees and student support miscellaneous amendments EU exit Scotland regulations SSI 2019-70. This instrument contains drafting errors relating to references to provisions that do not exist. The Scottish Government is undertaken to correct the references at the next legislative opportunity. Full details can again be found in our correspondence with the Government, which is included in our published papers. Does the committee wish to draw the regulations to the attention of the Parliament on the general reporting ground as there are drafting errors in regulation 9-2? The next instrument is the agriculture market measures EU exit Scotland amendment regulations SSI 2019-73. This appears to be defectively drafted as it removes an offence provision contrary to the Scottish Government's intention. The Government has undertaken to make an amending instrument by the end of this month so that the errors don't have any effect. Full details can again be found in our correspondence with the Government, which is in our published papers. Does the committee wish to draw the instrument to the attention of the Parliament on reporting ground I as regulation 5-3 appears to be defectively drafted? There are further four negative instruments on our agenda. Our advisers have not raised any points on any of them. The instruments are SSIs 2019-71, 75, 77 and 78. Is the committee content with these? Item 5, considering an instrument not subject to any parliamentary procedure, our advisers have not raised any points on SSI 2019-72. Is the committee content with this instrument? Item 6 is consideration of the Government's response to our stage 1 report on the management of offender Scotland Bill. Does the committee wish to note the Government's response? I'll move the meeting into private.


Did you know that the microphone tool in CESAW creates a screencast, recording both the CESAW canvas and your voice? The microphone tool in CESAW is a great way for teachers and students to show learning, explain ideas, and make thinking visible. Let's start by checking out some ways teachers are using this powerful tool. The microphone allows teachers to draw and record simultaneously on the CESAW canvas. One way teachers use this feature is to create a screen recording to re-teach a skill or concept to one or multiple students. With the microphone, differentiation becomes quick and easy. Students are able to watch the re-teach videos during their independent time in centers or station rotations or even at home so families can easily support their student in mastering the skill. That was one fun and exciting way to use the microphone to draw and record. This multimodal tool can also be used to create demo videos and exemplars to support students in completing their CESAW activity. Students can also use the microphone to draw and record just like teachers. This is a great tool to use to make thinking visible. One way to do this is to have students take a picture of their hands on learning. Here is an example where a student uses manipulatives to make groups of 10. After manipulating, the student taps the green add button, takes a photo, then taps the microphone to draw and record. Students can use the drawing tool, arrow, or labels to annotate while explaining how they made 10. This practice can be replicated in writing, science, reading, social studies, and more. The microphone tool allows students to take their learning a step further by explaining their thinking and reflecting on their work. The microphone tool gives a glimpse into the thought process of both teachers and students in order to deepen understanding. Your challenge this week is to plan and create a CESAW activity that incorporates the microphone tool. Share the creativity you capture on Twitter using the hashtag, CESAW me a minute.