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This is something you're all waiting eagerly for, but I'm sure you all know the result because most of you have your result and our result matched. So it's not really a surprise. It's team number eight, big hand for them, so would you give out the certificates, please. Rohit Nalavde, Zagandip Seng Kohli, Professor Trikal, and Bhushan Vishwanath, team number eight. Our request, Ajit Shailath, who is the chief guest for the valedictory function, to do these honors. So while we'll be giving the certificates of participation later, this for your information, a contest, a game was conducted by Professor Arindam Datta yesterday, where he divided the participants in different teams. It was a marketing game. And the rating of the strategy which was evolved by different teams was done, both by a committee of jurors on this side, and also by the individual participating teams. So what is surprising to me is that the evaluation matched in both cases. It's amazing. So may I request Ajit to hand over Rohit Nalavde, Zagandip Kohli, Professor Trikal, and Bhushan Vishwanath, please, please.  By coincidence, you know, we kind of assembled into a team where everyone brought in complementary skills. Bhushan brings a lot of sales expertise, Professor Trikal is an academician. He thinks from an academician's perspective. Our project was Child Tracker. It's meant for schools which will track school going kids and inform their parents over SMS. And you know, Gagandip brings in expertise in managing IT infrastructure. He's an IT person. So I think, you know, just by a good fortune, somehow, you know, completely by coincidence, you know, an amazing team with complementary skillsets came together and we were able to do this. So thank you very much. And thank you everyone else. We believe, you know, four of us would dig this forward and actually convert it into a viable business venture. So thank you very much. Please. Please. Now, I was talking about IT and non-IT products now this here I'm talking about something non-IITians who are here because we have heard about the Takshashila, Nalanda. We never saw it for people who are outside IIT. I don't know what IITians feel, but we feel these are the people who drive the things. The real heroes, non-discelebrities, nor the politicians, but these are the people who make things work for us. And you know, everybody would have aspired someday to go to IIT, but you can ask for anything, but you get what you deserve. But fine. We got a chance to be here for two days. It was a great experience. Thank you very much. Thank you. I will only correct you. You do not necessarily get what you deserve in this life. And because the supply and demand situation is so bad, let me tell you about IIT, even at the joint intense exam level, about 3 lakh students appear for the joint intense exam. This is out of more than 30 lakhs who are eligible. So only people who deserve appear for the exam, we select only 5,000. Even as per our evaluation, we know that next 25,000 students are as good. This nation leader, 100 IITs. When we had no money, we set up five. When we were growing for 30 years and lot more money, we did not do anything. Actually the government is setting up those IITs. And the IIT and other institutions, there is not much difference because of fundamental fact that in both institutions, they are run by the people, for the people. It's a people's game. And I do not for one instance believe that a marginal intellectual superiority, which is essentially endowed by God, can make any fundamental difference between the innate capability of a human being. They are similar everywhere. I have seen these great talents everywhere in this nook and corner of the country. But the ability to drive yourself, ability to work in a focused manner is what makes a difference. And in that respect, there is no difference. You may just say that IITs somehow are able to concentrate such people at one place and perhaps give them a whole lot of opportunities, freedom and exposure. There is no reason why exactly the same environment cannot prevail, at least in the better known colleges of the country. Take Vijay T.I. Take Karnaviting Pune. Take the five or six institutions in every state, which are comparable in all respects. If the ethos is not building, there is something wrong with the people who govern those institutions and not with the students and others who are participating. But anyway, I'm glad for the kind words that you have for IIT. We are happy about it and proud about it. I think we, yes, so why don't you Ajit, why don't you just go ahead and just move around, that's all. No, we can, okay. No, you can. Just give me though, I will read out the name and you. You don't stand in between, said people can also see. So you stand here. No, no, behind him. No, no, the angle will be one angle, yes.  Ajay Kumar Maurya. I will read the second name so that that person can also start walking there. Arvind Putta. First Ajay Kumar Maurya. Arvind Putta. Slightly move on that side. Shantanu Deshpande. Yes. Dr. Bonnie Joss, Tom is the next person. Pramod Patil is the next person. Dr. Bonnie Joss. Sanjeev Narakani. Next person is Manish Gajaria. Sanjeev Narakani first. Sanjeev Narakani. Congrats. Manish Gajaria. Guru Prasad, T. N. is the next man. Manish. T. N. Guru Prasad. Arvind Bhaskar. Sharad Agarwal. Raghuram Venkatesh. Sunil Kutani. Sunil Kutani here to go earlier. You could have given it to him earlier. Maybe you can say. Rohit Maloud. Rohit was here. Chaitanya Mahatma. Looks like a Mahatma. Maheshwarappa. The next person is Mahesh Kumar Yadav. After him. Mahesh Kumar Yadav. Press S.P. Trikal. So I hope you'll go back and increase the entrepreneurship activities there at your place. Yes. Anil Rao. Jaskaran Singh Nagpal. Subashish Mazumdar. Ganandip Singh Kohli. Aditya Deshpande. Sheba Vargis. Ashok Vardhan. Manish Mohan Pojari. Nauswami Khan. Pretty close to where he is. Yes, pretty close to where he is. Prakash Bhopal Malka. Nageshwar Rao. Anurag Yadav. Bhushan Vishwanath. Located in Mumbai. Gairang Sinha. Sikand Pilari Satti. Gairash Vishwanath Chandrathre. Sairabh Jain. Rohini Kothari. And the last person is Arvind Prasad. Arvind Prasad. Thank you, Ajit. Thank you very much. With this, we come to the close of this course. I will take this. Sorry. My colleague, Dr. Mukthatra, reminds me that we have some small mementos for the members of the panel today. So, let me have the privilege of starting with my friend, Ajit Chilat. Thank you, Ajit, for coming. And Prasad Dinesh Sharma. Thank you, Dinesh. Thank you. Prasad Arindam Datta. He came all the way from Calcutta just because I requested him. So kind of you said. And Sushant, of course, my friend and ever present on the campus. So, I am really thankful for the panelists. But I must use this opportunity to actually extend my thanks to the entire team. You have seen some of them working here. Dr. Mukthatra and Dr. Ratesh. Where is Ratesh? She was here some time. Ratesh is here. These are the key organizers. They're supported by a large number of staff. The team that you see doing the audio-video recording comes from the E-Outreach program which is coordinated by another colleague of mine, Kalpana Kannan. She was here some time ago. Kalpana can just stand up. She is the project manager for that team. It is through that E-Outreach program that this contents in open source. So this material, for example, will now be edited. And then we'll put it up on the E-Outreach site for the availability of the video distance. So thank you very much, Kalpana. And Sameer Sahasrabuddha is not here. But this team is currently led by our deputy manager Sajjan Dixit. He is Sajjan Dixit here. He was so far a programmer. He's actually a computer programmer but we have converted him into a video expert and now more recently converted him into a manager. All good techies have to become managers sometime or the other in life. So he has done so in early life. I must take this opportunity to thank our people from Continuing Education program and Quality Improvement program. This is led by Professor Moharir. Currently we have always a professor in charge for three year term and so on. As an extremely well-loved team, some of them you would have seen here during the registration and so on. The guest house people, I hope they provided you with comfortable stay. I don't know how the food was but food in the was in Gulmohar. Yeah, you should be happy that we have an entity called Gulmohar. In the old days we used to conduct such programs and we are only one staff canteen as it is laughing because staff canteen food was not exactly great. And we hesitated in taking our guest there. But the only other alternative were costly hotels outside IIT. So we had to compromise. I think I hope you enjoyed your stay here. And last but not the least, I must thank all the participants those who have come from all nooks and corners of the country. I presume the lower amount of participation fees might have been an incentive for which I have to really thank two organizations. One is the National Entrepreneurship Network founded by Wadwani Foundation. Romesh Wadwani is one of our alumnus as I said. And the other is by a government department headed by another dreamer as I mentioned yesterday Mr. Mitthal actually he had asked one of his colleagues to come here. His colleague is in Bombay but he is attending an important meeting at Niti so he could not come. But I take this opportunity to thank Department of Science and Technology and particularly Mr. Mitthal. So you can obviously see that the cost of the entire effort is far more than what is collected from the fees. We didn't want to make it free because free does not have value in the minds of people. So we said we must collect some token amount but these things have been funded largely by these two organizations. So thank you one and all. Mukta would you like to add something to this? Big thank you to the design the web design team because they designed the a lot of excellence certificates at a very short notice. I got them just half an hour ago and Bhairav who is representing them has done the beautiful calligraphy on it. Thank you so much. Oh Bhairav did that. Well he was on a temporary appointment early. I think I'm glad to announce that he has been selected by a regular selection committee and he will be joining as a regular web designer with our team now. Thank you Bhairav. Point for lunch in your favorite site unfortunately I have to rush back for an immediate appointment. The reason I had to cancel my work yesterday is that I suddenly discovered that instead of 80 students for which my course logistics was prepared I had 200 registrations. I arranged for an adjoining class opened some partitions and I mean it was help but I solved the problem formally at the cost of my session but I'm sure you are meaningfully engaged by my other colleagues. Thank you very much. Please enjoy your lunch and go back. Thank you.


Hello? Hey, how's it going? No, that sounds great. Strong soldier, sir. No, that'd be perfect. That's not what Wright looks like. Hello? Oh, hold on one second, please. Strong soldier, sir. Strong team, Sergeant. Anyway, go ahead. That's what Wright looks like.


Greetings and welcome to the Introduction to Astronomy. In this lecture video, we will talk a little bit about astronomy and science. So some of the things that we look at in an astronomy course, some of the different objects that astronomers study, and then why do we want to study astronomy at all, and why, what do astronomers use, the scientific method we want to discuss how that works in astronomy and in general. So there are a few of the things that we're going to go over in this lecture. So let's start off with first of all, what is astronomy? Well, most simply put, astronomy is the study of the universe and everything in it. So anything that we see in the universe is part of the study of astronomy. I've given a number of things here that are included, but anything within the universe, it's not a comprehensive list. There's a lot more that could be studied. So let's start off looking at one example, and that is an example of a planet. Within our solar system, we have planets and moons that we study in astronomy. And here we have an example, and this is the planet Mars. Mars has some interesting features. We see some great volcanoes over here on the side that are present, not currently active, but that have been active in the past. We see a great rift valley here that we call Valles Marineris. So a great rift in the crust of Mars that would stretch across our entire country and trust the entire United States if it were here on the Earth. So an incredibly large valley there. Mars also will have polar caps and does have a thin atmosphere as well. There are, of course, lots of other planets and moons that would be studied as well, but here is Mars as one example of objects that are studied by astronomers. Now also we study, not only within our solar system do we have planets and moons, but we also have comets and asteroids. So here's an example of a comet, and we see on the comet a number of different features. We see the head or coma of a comet, and that's here at the front, which is this outer layer, outer region here, that is the head of the comet, and then we see the tail or tails. In most cases, a comet will have two tails stretching back away from the sun. Comets are essentially an ice ball that maybe is the size of a city a few miles across, and when they get close to the sun, the material gets vaporized and forms the head and the tail. Comets like planets are one of those objects that have been known to people since ancient times, but of course with modern technology and being able to actually go visit these objects, we have a much better understanding of them today than we did hundreds of years ago. Now not everything we study in astronomy is within our own solar system, we also look at other objects, and that would include things like stars. Stars, a picture of an individual star, doesn't look like much because stars are so far away that even to the largest telescopes, they just look like points of light. So this is an example of a star cluster that we see. So a cluster of stars or a grouping of stars here taken by the Hubble Space Telescope. Stars can be grouped together in clusters, they can be alone by themselves pretty much like our own sun, and they can be grouped together in larger groupings, but star clusters would be a part of an example of what we'd see within a galaxy. So that leads us to our next slide that shows us a galaxy here, and this is an example of a spiral galaxy. So galaxies come in different types and spirals are one example. Our own galaxy is a spiral galaxy, and you can see coming from the central portion here that there are spiral arms that stretch out and around the galaxy as it sits here. So we see those spiral arms, that's where a lot of the stars are forming within the galaxies. We would also see star clusters forming within the galaxy, as well as other objects that we would look at. There are also different types of galaxies, a spiral is one type of galaxy, but there are also other types of galaxies that we see, including things like ellipticals and irregular galaxies that astronomers would also study. As we look at others, the other things that we can see is nebulae. So within the galaxy there are also nebulae. Nebulae come in different types, this is one example, and this is an example of a supernova remnant. So what we have here is the remnant of a supernova that occurred a long time ago, and this is the remnant of it, not seeing the supernova itself, but we are seeing the remnant with the material left behind. And what happened, visible here on Earth in 1054, was a really bright star, what we called a supernova. A supernova is a new star, and a supernova was an extremely bright new star and became one of the brightest objects in the sky, and a supernova can actually be visible during the daytime. And in the nearly 1,000 years since the supernova was seen to occur, the material has been expanding outward, and you see the filaments and structures within that nebula as it expands outward, as it has been doing so for nearly a thousand years now. Now at the center of this nebula, in this case would be a neutron star, the collapsed core of the star left behind, the mass of the Sun or even a little bit larger, and the size would be the size of a city, maybe about six or so miles across. So compacted down to extremely dense levels, not quite a black hole, which is our next topic, but very, very close to it, and something that we call a neutron star. Now, as I said, black holes were the next thing to look at, so let's look at the black hole here. How do we get an image of a black hole? Well, we don't. This is actually an artist's conception or drawing of what we believe a black hole would look like. So the black hole itself is invisible because it is matter that has condensed down so much that even light cannot escape from it.  However, outside what we call the event horizon of a black hole, which is the point from which light can no longer escape, again we call that the event horizon, then when we're further out than that, then material can escape. And here we're seeing, as the artist conceives and some black holes seem to be doing, that material is being pulled from a companion star and then spirals in and around in towards the black hole.  So as this material spirals in, it's heated up to very, very high temperatures, and that allows it to give off radiation that can then be detected. Once it crosses this event horizon, we can no longer get any more information about that black hole. And these are just some of the objects that astronomers study and not a complete list by any sense. There are a lot more objects that we will study and that one would study if taking a class in astronomy. So why? The next question would be why do we want to study astronomy other than learning about all of these interesting objects that we've looked at? Why would we want to study this? And studying astronomy or any other science really teaches a way of thinking. And that's an important thing is that it's a different way of thinking and a way to critically analyze information and then even apply that to everyday situations. So what we'll look at coming up here in the scientific method is a way of thinking about things and how things work, not only in the universe but even in everyday life. It also gives us a broader understanding of the universe. So even though I know that most students who take my astronomy classes are not going to become professional astronomers, however it hopefully teaches them a way of thinking and gives them an understanding of appreciation of the universe. So let's look a little bit at the scientific method here and what we mean by scientific thinking. And scientific thinking uses a couple of definitions here, just a couple of things we want to look at first. And that would include some of the terminology like the idea of what we mean by a theory. Sometimes you think of a theory as always just a guess but it really isn't. Theories are based on observations and studies. So things that have been, have survived many, many tests. So an example of a theory or a hypothesis that would be a good one would be something that is testable. That is the most important thing in a theory is that it has to be some way to test it. If we come up with a theory that Einstein was the greatest scientist in the history of mankind, then that would not be something that we have any way to test. It's not something that is testable. Or the Mona Lisa is the greatest painting ever done. That is not something we can test, it is a matter of opinion. An example of something that we could test as a scientific hypothesis would be that the moon is made of green cheese. We may know that as a ridiculous statement now, but it makes perfect sense in terms of being testable. We could take a trip to the moon, send a robotic probe to the moon, get a sample of the material there, and find out what it's made of. Now of course we've already done that, so it's less of a scientific theory now than it was for example in the past. But it is an example of something that could be tested. We also use models in astronomy. Models are ways of simplifying how things work. So for example, we looked at a galaxy. In order to understand a galaxy and its motions, we have to understand how the matter is distributed in it. We cannot possibly model exactly how the matter is distributed, so we have to make assumptions and approximations as to how things work. We use this in a number of cases, ways of simplifying how things are to be able to make us better able to model them, simply because it is not possible to model, to calculate the exact position of every atom within a galaxy to be able to figure out how it's going to work. We have to make specific assumptions, and that's what we mean by a model. And we have to take that into account when we think of how things are determined from models that we did make a number of simplifications going into them, and that may have an impact on our final results coming out of the model. Now coming back to hypothesis, we've kind of looked at that when we talked about theory. The difference between a theory and a hypothesis is that a hypothesis is more the moon is made of green cheese up here, that we've just given some general idea as to, you know, maybe this is what the moon is made up of, whereas a theory is something that has been tested over and over, something like the theory of relativity, something that has been significantly tested and tried over a good period of time. But a hypothesis, again, is a proposal that we'll give to explain some observation that we see. So an example here is we see the observation, something that we don't debate, is that the sun rises in the east every day. What is open to interpretation is why that occurs. So this is the observation that we see, and this is the possible explanation. Why does it occur? And the sun orbiting the earth, or we may want to say that the earth spins. A completely another example of how we can explain that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west every day could be that the earth is spinning. And each of these would make other predictions, and you would then use that to test your hypothesis and find out which one best supports it. And this all leads us to this idea of the scientific method. So we'll look at the scientific method here, and it is, again, a way of thinking. So it starts, it has a starting point, it starts with some observation that is made, but it has no ending. So you can start it, you observe something happens, but in key it never ends. We are always continually modifying our theories, modifying our hypotheses to have them better fit the observations, to get better models, to better explain what is going on in the universe. So you start with that observation, you come up with a hypothesis that explains that observation. And as I mentioned before, the key is that it must make some kind of testable prediction. Something that you can test, once you do that, you test your predictions and make more observations. And then one of two things could happen. One is that your predictions could be found to be correct. Great, that is a very good, that's good, but you're not done. So you're not done even if this is the case, you don't stop once up, my predictions are correct, my model was correct, it's now perfect and that is exactly how things work. You continue on, you make more predictions, you refine your model, try to find out where it works and possibly where it does not work. Or you may find out that your predictions were incorrect. Oops, I made a prediction that this was going to happen and something completely different happened. That leaves you with a couple of options. You can either modify the hypothesis and make adjustments to it to have it fit your observations. Or you may, if things are bad enough, you might have to reject your hypothesis all together and go back and start up over here. Let's come up with a new hypothesis that then explains not only our original observation, but our new observations as well. So let's look at this in a little bit more of a picture form. Here's a diagram that kind of shows the scientific method and the process that is used and it starts off with exactly what I've shown you on the previous slide.  Then as I said, the key is to develop testable predictions and then make more observations to test those predictions. Then here's where things go over and over again. You may have to make refinements and alter your predictions. You might have to reject your hypothesis altogether in which case you actually come back here and come up with a new hypothesis and then you develop new testable predictions. So this cycle right here is continually ongoing. Once this has gone for a while and you've got very good thoughts and very good ideas, then you may end up with a general theory that explains a lot of the things that you were looking at. Although even at that point, again, it's still an ongoing process and you continue to test what is happening here and you may confirm their observations and you may find more hypotheses. Maybe you will confirm your theory, maybe you'll find some regions where your theory does not work and you need to modify your theory and or modify your hypotheses to come up with a new, better theory and a better model. So let's finish up here with a little bit of a summary and what we have is just a little bit about what we've looked at in this lecture. We've looked at astronomy. What is astronomy? Well, it's the study of everything. It is the study of the universe and everything in it. So everything from the earth out to the edges of the universe is a part of studying astronomy. Why do we study astronomy, other than maybe to get our science credit that we need to get, is to learn a scientific way of thinking that can be applied in everyday situations. And then finally, we looked at the scientific method which kind of is that way of thinking that we want to emphasize and it is a never-ending process. So it never ends. You start with some observation but you continually make more and more observations to allow scientists and us to continually modify and improve the theories and the models that we have made so we can better improve those to be able to make better predictions and help us to better understand the universe. So that concludes this lecture on astronomy and science and I hope you've been able to get some good information out of it and get a little bit of a beginning understanding of astronomy. So until next time, have a great day everyone and I will see you in class.


The topic of this talk is opt-out or D-O-T-T-R-I-N. It's gonna be anti-tracking bots, radios, and keystroke injection.  Everything from billboards down to the basic analytics and information that Google collects when you do searches and things of that nature. All the slides in one second here. Let me get this play in here. Awesome, now you guys have visuals to go along with it. So, as I said, my name is Weston Hecker. Feel free to follow me on Twitter. I do a lot of research during the year, and I love helping people with projects and just security research in general. I'm gonna go into a little bit of detail. We'll make it a little bit quick here. Yeah, myself, I'm 32. I work for NCR, I live in North Dakota. Any other North Dakotans? No? Okay. There's probably six of us. Yeah, okay. There's one or two of them. This is my fourth year in a row speaking at DEF CON. Spoke at Hope. Black Hat last year, lots of conferences. So I love getting out and meeting the community. That's the reason I do these talks is to meet people like you guys. And I've been doing a 12 years pen testing professionally and 13 years of research, programming, things along that. And I did a lot of ATM, car hacks, several IOT projects going on right now, reverse engineering malware, things like that. I'm gonna be doing a cool attack on vehicle. Anybody has a push button start car? You should definitely come down to the car hacking village. I'm gonna demo how to stop the relay attacks where basically people are using self-prodifined radios to actually steal vehicles. So I'm gonna go into how the actual attack works. Then I'm gonna go into some two-factor authentication that I added that's built on a $12 Arduino project. So it's very cool. And a little bit about this research and what led to it. So as you can see, Microsoft, Windows 7, End of Life was all announced. And I mainly use Linux, like a majority of the people here probably do, but I'm forced to use Windows for some applications. And I had a quick question I called one of my buddies and I'm sure everybody has that buddy that you call him for a simple question about some concerns or things like that. And they'll talk to you off about chemtrails for the next hour and a half. So he's a very, very paranoid guy. He's usually right though. He's added validity several times when I've talked to him. So, and he's helped me with tons of my research, especially my cell phone hacking one I did in DEF CON 22. So, but yeah, that's basically the end of this research is I started installing Windows 10 and most of my machines. And yeah, explains what systems I've used in the past, how they do in-store tracking, operating systems, switching to Windows 10 like I was saying, which is kind of a scary, scary thought. And searching, search engine, spying, Google, I know they track all your analytics. Bing probably does too, but nobody uses it. So, and I'm gonna go into actual billboards spying. There's a couple of prototype billboards and I'm pretty sure I fried the one in Minneapolis on 169, I was doing some research on it. I had permission at that time, so it's something that they want. They're actually tracking vehicle TPMS sensors, so tire pressure monitor sensors and they're profiling people off of vehicles and the actual advertisements. So, and yeah, yeah, that's pretty interesting stuff. So, just privacy is disappearing. So I thought I'd do a privacy talk and yeah. Explanation of the targeted personalized advertising. So I'm gonna go through a lot of the advertising personalized ads. They're getting really, really creepy. They got really creepy for a while there and then they realized that people were getting creeped out and they kind of backed them off a little bit. Behavior advertising cookies.  Collection of non-identifiable information. So they tell you that it's a lot of it's metadata, but there's been plenty of talks in the past of how to reverse metadata. There was actually some medical ones where they had people that had diseases and things like that where they were actually able to reverse those two specific people once there was an actual breach. So yeah, and the real-time bid information which is one of the buzzwords that's out there. So basically people are buying us like a cattle and this is basically geared at jacking up every single analytic they use for it and making the data completely useless. And yeah, so they have software advertising displays, private marketing, PMP. Basically wasting advertisers money. And yeah, there's an explanation of technology of tracking online. So I'm gonna go through some of them. I'm gonna explain how deep and diving the operating systems are. And when you try to neuter Windows 10, how it fights back, because it is a very intrusive operating system. Yeah, it's what to be expected. They're pushing a lot of those updates and stuff like that. So how it impacts the users, how it impacts the business. I know that's something where I don't mind if, they know what my mother is doing on a day-to-day basis or I'm sure she doesn't either. But when it's your actual employees, if anybody's an assist admin or security admin role, and it makes a lot of these column services hard to track, especially when we're trying to see if things are calling out or Trojans or droppers or any kind of malware is calling out and stuff like that. It adds a lot of unnecessary traffic. And I'm gonna go into GPS tracking off of IP addresses. So on the whole, they'll track what an entire company is doing if they have one IP address. So wifi and beacon information, so how they actually go through cellular tracking and turn on wifi for accuracy. Obviously everybody has their wifi off here, but there's, you know, in the average world, when you're walking around the mall, it's amazing some of the information they collect. And yeah, arts entertainment, this is some of the actual breakdowns of how ads are personalized and sales of it. It's very, very boring stuff. I feel that I don't need to go into too much detail on this and I'm sure a lot of you guys have done a lot of research on actually running ad blockers or blackholing advertisements. I recommend that for everybody. Not only just for security purposes, but even legitimate webpages can have drive-by attacks. There's several exploit kits that have had drive-bys in the past on legitimate webpages, pages that I would visit without any hesitation normally. So, and yeah, so there are some good ways to stop tracking right now and I just wanted to give a plug to some of these, they're all open source, they're all free. So they have ad blocker apps, they have actual black holes, which basically the advertisers don't know that their ads aren't being showed, which is a little more stealthy. TrackMeNot is the actual hypervisor version that I wrote as a plugin for the actual program that this IO address. It's pretty amazing. It literally crawls the entire web page that you send it to and will click all the advertisements in a safe manner, obviously. But it basically jacks up a lot of it and I actually added a hypervisor version because they banned this plugin on Chrome. So I got it so it's working on Chrome again and it actually does lots of XML injection or a keystroke injection into the actual browsers themselves. So it's something where it happens at a layer where you're not gonna trigger a lot of the, I'm not a robot and a lot of security features. So that is something I'm also releasing open source and I'll have a working version for VMware that once it's out of the beta phase here, everybody will be able to download it and as long as you have VMware workstation or some of the open source ones will also work for it. So the OVA's, you'll be able to launch them and I'll go into a little bit of the other things that I'm actually blocking from Microsoft, so. And yeah, Privacy Badger is a really good one. EFF love supporting them. There's paid VPNs, $4 a month. You can get a decent VPN service. Some of the free ones, who knows what they did. It's probably worse than letting them know you're advertising is some of the stuff that those IP addresses were previously used for. So that's something that I would definitely recommend that you do your due diligence when you're checking into that stuff, so. And it's all a very good start tackling some of the call homes, doing a actual blocker on the host's files. So it blocks a lot of the Microsoft call home type stuff, turning off your peer-to-peer networking for updates and stuff like that, so. And what do I have against ads, Weston? That's what my wife asked me.  Anytime they offer something like a YouTube red or something like that where it'll, they still collect a lot of information, but it's something where if I don't have to see an advertisement, I will gladly pay for it. I'm not trying to, that's the way that the internet is free, I understand that. It's all, I will gladly pay for a lot of the premium services. And anything that's ad-free, and even some of the Android stuff, it's amazing that you can't actually, turn off a lot of the tracking. And it's something that, as the more and more, they can snag you with the convenience and then they add some of the more intrusive stuff. And that's just been happening over the last few years. So yeah, and I'm gonna be able to, should go into some, yeah, disable some of the browsing tracking. They let you know there's cookies. They try to do all these things to let you know what they're doing or make them look like they're more of an accurate and good demonstration of what they're actually doing. But in a lot of cases, it needs a little more intervention. And that's why I love that there's tools like on these last page here that people can actually go out and do this kind of stuff. So, thank you. So basically, drive-by attacks, like I was saying, even legitimate web pages, there's a lot of them that even the New York Times is one of the bigger ones that comes to mind. That page, they literally send it on Twitter saying that their actual page is breached. Please don't visit it. And that was a drive-by, I believe that was a Java or Flash drive-by attack. So it was literally just by visiting the page, it would actually execute some of the code on there. So since the late 90s, it's been one form of another in tracking. And they're deep diving, they're getting their analytics more tight. And it's been used in stores, actually the brick and mortars. I'm sure everybody, you know, 2012, heard about these, you know, they're tracking everything. And the stores that were doing it got a lot of feedback, that was negative, so they quit doing it. Then they tried it again two years later, and they're right back up to the same old tricks. So that's something where in the in-store analytics, it's no problem at all. I have no problem at all if people opt into it. That's definitely something like if somebody wants to save 10% on their gas or something. By all means, if that's something they accept, I have no problem at all with that.  I'll actually go into some heat mapping analytics and things like that, so. But yeah, it's a, yeah, I have no problem at all with opt-in programs. That's one of the biggest things. So they track some of the Bluetooth, cellular beacons, wifi, infrared and motion sensors. Yeah, several years they, again, getting negative press, like I said. So there's been lots of resistance in all forms of tracking. Apple and a couple other supplement manufacturers are doing very, very randomized beacon information, which is awesome to see. And it's definitely been a long time coming for it. So UK and other areas in the world have been less resistant from what I've seen. I know a lot of the actual tracking that they have out there is pretty readily available. So, and told, it's been turned into metadata. And I've already explained about some of the weaknesses in metadata and reversing it.  Because this actually, basically what it is, it's a huge wireless beacon generator. And it actually can generate up to 150 beacons. And they can be one of several things. They can either be, so they can either be cellular beacons, so they make it look like the customer's walking around. They can actually be rogue access points. They can be pretty much anything that you can generate cellular with a laptop. You can now generate with these. And I actually have a program called Groundhogs Day where it replays the exact same days or the traffic. So it looks like the same people are walking by and it is a pretty neat process. It actually jacks up their in-store analytics, their retention rates, all the heat mapping because with the more advanced version with the actual Raspberry Pi attached to it, you can actually change where people are dwelling in the store and stuff like that. So it's a really, really cool project. And that's all gonna be open source MIT license. I'll release how to actually build one of those. I highly recommend it. They're pretty fun. If you haven't played with wireless before. Oh, sorry about that. Yeah, thank you. And MetaDeath used to change the store layouts. So say for example, if everybody goes to the front panel, they're gonna start throwing the more high price items there, things like that. If they realize everybody's going back to electronics right away, they're gonna put a lot of stuff to try to sell people on the way there. And the more specific layouts increase sales and make us more along the lines of just consumers. And using regards programs, like I said, opt-ins, I have no problem with all of that. I did a little research on some of the coupons that are pushed and some of the actual Bluetooth tracking. Those things are literally built for like the year 2023. They're not impossible to break, but I did not have the free time this year to actually start dabbling with those. Last year, I actually did some ticket injection, but I did a responsible disclosure with it. So it's something where I wouldn't work anymore, so nobody would really care for the majority of it. So they increase how much they... Oh, sorry about that. Yeah, here we go. And yeah, so it basically increases how much they can charge for certain story areas if people have it in there, so. Sorry about that, guys. Yeah, thanks for the brave soul. Told me to bring it up a little closer, so. Yeah, so it changes the ad placement in the physical and the web because they're tracking cross-platforms, so. And yeah, a collection of all the cellular Bluetooth beacons. So they're collecting all of the ESN information. They have actual... They've weaned away from this one big time because it's very, very intrusive and some of them have pretty decent ranges on them. So they're not as acceptable for as far as if people are going through actual communication with them, so. And how do you harden the communication best practices? Yeah, that's something I'll be going through in here a little bit, so. And who knows what TPMS sensors are for vehicles? Yeah, there's been lots of really, really cool research. So they have smart billboards. They just throw it with smart in front of it and charge people for it. But it's something where they're gonna basically be tracking beacons that we have a profile that that guy driving that 2015 Jeep Cherokee or whatever, they'll be able to tell that that person's most likely a white 32-year-old male and they'll be able to get more of the advertisements or they'll be able to generalize how much they actually are able to charge for some of the information, be able to track people a lot more. And in the US, after 2007, they required a majority of the vehicles except for special purpose built vehicles. So basically it uses unencrypted RF, 314 majority of it, so depending on the actual vendor, any time you go over 19 miles per hour, it'll do a call home feature. And I'm gonna be actually demoing the, in the car hacking village, I have a TPMS sensor where you can actually add three sets of tires to your vehicle. So that's something that Ford owners have not been able to do without going to a dealership all the time. So it's something where you can have your snow tires, racing tires, but I add in your whatever other tires you want. So that's something that I actually made it so my wife's vehicle every time it starts up, it'll actually generate a new TPMS sensor and it'll flash it into her canvas. So it's pretty hard to actually track the vehicle and it's just one step further. Hopefully people will adopt those kind of things once they start tracking more of that beacon information. And yeah, right now that's one of the majorities of that they're actually testing and I'll be doing a demo of that on the actual car hacking village. So yeah, and everybody's, for the most part, I don't need to go into social media. That is literally just, that is pretty much nothing but data collection. There's been several jokes. I love one of the Onion ads where they had, Mark Zuckerberg is like an FBI agent and they got some pretty accurate stuff like that and it's abuse in the past. It's just, they're literally just tracking everything on it and it's something that they willingly accept to be able to send CAT memes and things like that to each other. And we're bursting the randomness. So when I went through the actual pages it was pretty simple. I would start with a dummy account on a BPS and I would start searching specific dialogues of things that I would think that people's personalities. I would think of a friend and then I would think of things that they would search and I would think of that age right now. I would think of like my niece, what she would search, what my cousin would search, my uncle would search, a lot of that stuff. So that's something where I was kind of looking at what they're reversing and what they were advertising with. So I built out a huge spreadsheet that is actually gonna be something else I'll be releasing with these tools. And it basically shows that what's your profile and how to build a profile? Because that's actually what the program that I made is you can set yourself to, say for example, the example I was giving was a 12 year old girl who likes horses and you'll be looking how to flash a firmware on a Uber tooth one and the next thing you know, you're searching does he like me? Where are the best horse ranches? Things like that. So you'll be able to throw in some pretty random details and it's actually a plug-in for that amazing program that I was talking about earlier. They do a very, very good job at random stuff but some of the random stuff gets thrown into unlogical bins where they don't even get advertised to or they get very, very low resale. So these actually keep you looking like a real person on the web because eventually when enough people start using blocking services like that, they're gonna start actually diving a little bit more into the actual details and the software of it. So and yeah, back in the old XP days, they really didn't store much information. And yeah, 1984 style moving into Windows. It's literally amazing the amount of information they collect. And I've been a huge fan of doing misinformation type talks like the one that I actually did was injecting fake credit card numbers for credit card skimming software. So like it's like, it's all about like, if I can't have my data, nobody can kind of situation. So it's like, if it becomes so useless, they won't actually want it anymore. And that's kind of the thought and the process behind it. And yeah, an explanation of attacks. So blocking the billboard spying. I'm gonna go through that with the TPMS sensor and explaining the actual main attack surface over the past of monitoring systems. So how brick and mortar stores are spying on people and how web and OS are spying on people. So that'll be the next phase of this. And so methods stopping billboard spying. So billboards, they're, oh, they're picking up, well this microphone, I apologize really here. So smart billboards, they capture the wireless sensor information. They capture all of it based on the model, year of the car, the age range, income range. If you're driving a brand new Lexus, you're most likely not a McDonald's employee. And they like to profile it like that. And that's just one of the more things where it dehumanizes a lot of the information. So, and passive and opt-in programs, once again, like I said, people will have a lot of applications for tracking through a lot of the actual molding public transit systems and stuff like that. So, and like I was saying, you can add a lot of the not necessity of having to go into a dealership, which is really, really nice, because Ford and Lincoln vehicles is the one that I have the tool working for now. And it's nice to be able to actually install like a Groundhogs Day type situation. So you cycle through the one that I have that would be more practical is adding a 10 tire TPMS sensors and cycling through them. So that's something where it's not randomly generating them because that is a little bit more of a lengthy process, especially about once a week, you have to actually do a hard flash to actually add some of your TPMS sensors. So, and yeah, so what's being collected and what allowed them to profile me online, that was one of the biggest things that was the collection of the information once I logged it all. It's something that, it was pretty interesting what slight changes would change in advertisements and things along those natures, especially when you would start again getting into higher profile travel. You can also see where people are spending a lot of the money for actual click to pay advertisements and stuff like that. So how do they use it? Who is it interested to? Who's buying it? How is the information held against people? They've done, there's actual FBI portals and things like that for a lot of this information. So they don't have to actually submit warrants or they have to do warrants and everything like that. They do the due process. It's just something that they actually have to, yeah, they have to keep it up. And how is the, yeah, all the information for portals for law enforcement. One of the biggest ones I've known is the ones for actual cellular communications. So, and yeah, so basically injecting the false data, changing your profile.  One of the biggest things I did a couple of years ago was I started like three Google accounts that I switched in between them. I didn't even trick them because of a lot of the information that they picked up. They still profiled it as the same person. So I'm gonna go into a little bit of the profile changing and actually throwing off some of the lower level analytics. And who knows what typefisting is? Yeah, it's like a World War II, they used to have people that when they'd tap the actual Morse code and stuff like that, it was something where they would be able to tell where somebody was in Germany based on the actual way that they typed their information. And that's one of the actual analytics that Windows 10 is collecting. So that's part of that hypervisor that I built is it actually collects all out of your keystrokes and actually injects them out into the operating system or whatever your selected tab is for 38. You can select the gross words per minute depending on how fast you type, but it basically pops it out so there's no typefist.  And there's a couple other ways that you could do a lot of this stuff. It can be used for injection of typing. You can do working on mouse click emulation and simulation that is undetectable and things like that. So it'll be a pretty decent project once it's complete. So and then we're gonna go through the browser bot and how to not get detected by search engines and web browser programs. That was one of the biggest things. Right away it was, kept busting me and it just was a little disheartening at first. So, but yeah. So yeah, a lot of the, I'm not a robot. Who saw that? Eventually that, like how hard can that be to beat? Then they tried to beat it. Yeah, it's actually a pretty well thought out process. So a lot of the, it's not just about the clicking, it's about the naturalness of how it is clicked. So that's something where, if you're able to push mouse clicks from a hypervisor, it's a lot more accurate in detail and you can tune it a lot better. And it also makes it so that everybody can use it. You don't have low level details of actually how to program a lot of the stuff. So, and yeah. So yeah, you can basically go through the joys of watching your advertisements change firsthand. You can throw off your analytics a little bit and based on your actual advertisements, you can reverse that to what they profile you as. And it is actually pretty creepy.  So there's ways to actually go of the reversing process. It's a pretty decent process. If you guys haven't ever mapped in and hang out like this, search engines are really, really easy to do. And it's definitely something, if you're wanting to get in a data project with some of your friends, so. And yeah, basically, yeah, this malware could actually be used to do bad things. So you could actually, like a hypervisor like that, I was looking at that where somebody can actually use it as framework that can make people visit bad web pages, things like that. So that's one more reason that you're gonna wanna integrate something that will keep track of what your actual analytics are and what it's actually conveying. And you could actually frame somebody. It could basically damage somebody's life. Or even worse, it could like Nickelback on Facebook. So I just had to bash on Nickelback because they're the worst thing to come. So, but yeah. And there's basically, yeah, it's also used if you wanna do some testing for malware. A lot of the malware looks to see if the virtual machine is used. And it's something where you can get some actual real world case usage. I know it's something to, without paying $50,000 for their really expensive VMs that are specifically for reversing malware, it's something where you can make virtual machines look like they have daily usage in them. So if it's something where you wanna kick a payload off or it kicks off three weeks later or something, you'll be able to actually do a little bit more research on it. And yeah, basically it's the operating systems. And yeah. So how I tried to make Windows 10 go off the grid kind of was basically by originally doing some of the hosts, seeing what it's calling out to. Others have done that in the past. Others have failed. I failed the first few times I did it. There's actual very, very good tools out there for blocking a lot of these. They get turned right back on as soon as you run an update though. So that's something where I'll be posting some of that research and a little bit more about a deep dive into the operating systems because I'm sure a lot of you guys are adopting either for your actual users or for your actual self switching over to Windows 10 from Windows 7 and actually injecting from the hypervisor and how much information the actual OS detects before like a lot of the errors and issues and things like that, it'll actually submit those. And there's pretty much anything that is getting sent home to Microsoft.  So it is a pretty fun project and I love watching the actual responses of it. So, and yeah, IP version six, how it changes spying on us, some of the real-time communication. That is some of it for as far as breaking anonymity on the web, there's lots of actual information out there for it. So yeah, screen size and browser information. That was one of my bigger breakthroughs when I was going through how they were actually tracking a lot of the details from some of the posts and get requests and things like that. Typefisting is something that, yeah, it's basically something in Windows 10. They've been collecting. I don't see any reason that they would need to do that aside from per user basis. There's some pretty cool research on people like being able to lock machines if they feel that somebody else is typing at the machine or something like that. So I've seen a couple of programs like that and a typefisting app would be able to be a pen testing tool for something like that. But yeah, I know. So we do the XML HTML injection. Yeah, and it's basically a macro-based injection. So I add the most simple version of it as Ghostwriter. If you want it to literally inject things out of a text file, you can do that. You can use some of the plugins for some of the other applications that are out there. And yeah, there's, like I said, it interacts with other programs by if they're brought to the front or if they're the selected window. And you can change a lot of the functionality with that. There are some CV plugins that people have for desktop support applications that I'll also be posting and referencing to. So, and can windows stop this in the ease of use? So it's something that I have not seen Microsoft combat any of the actual anti-typefisting or any of the hypervisor intervention. That's something where it also does a lot of really, really cool stuff like blocking some of the hit attacks like human-based device attacks. It blocks like some of the bash-bunny attacks because it basically hijacks any input, quite literally any input unless if it's a pre-detected device. So, and you can also have it released. So it's a very, very cool concept. And yeah, I'm excited to see people's feedback on it and yeah, be able to grow it and see what other people do and maybe other people can clean up the code. There's a lot better programmers out there for me. So, and yeah, basically blocking outputs from your phone. There's a couple of programs out there that are pretty nice that you don't actually have to root your phone, which is amazing. Cause I know several years ago if you wanted to delete the foot, like I know there's some guys that are computer guys and football guys but I have no interest at all in the NFL or NASCAR or some of the other stuff they've loaded on my phones. And it's just nice to be able to have, yeah, basically free ways to get rid of a lot of that information. So, and yeah, so you can generate. Also, there's a lot of applications that'll read 50 SMS messages a day or they'll read 50 emails. And they have their anti-serial license agreement or ELA 50 where they have the, they basically read your emails so that they can better tailor either your typing or your auto-completion. They'll give you a lot of examples like that but it's most likely for other uses. So, yeah, an airplane mode. Working on making, I have an HTC one or HTC 10 now and I did a PRL hack so it actually doesn't attach to fake cell phone towers and also I'm having a DEF CON mode and I'm sure a couple other people have the switch on the side of their laptop that they used as DEF CON mode before but it basically turns off your radios, does not allow you to turn off your radios. It reminds you a week before to change all your one-time passwords, call on information, so. And yeah, I'm gonna go over the actual hardware that I'm gonna be demoing here in a second and this is actually, look at the in-store tracking systems. So, heat mapping, so they track how many people walk by the store and then they see how many people actually walk into the store. Where do the people actually dwell? So, this device actually, I just ordered as many radio 802.11 compliant things I could and started slapping them on an Arduino and it's a pretty fun project. I definitely recommend you build them. You can build them for around $35 to $45 and it basically, there's a collection mode where you can collect the beacons like I was saying for a Groundhogs Day type attack or you can actually edit your own text files and then you can pop in your own beacon information. So you can basically have it look like hundreds and if you built one bigger than this or you actually got a full-blown boards on these ones you could actually build it out to the point where you could have three to 400 access points. Or beacons, whatever your thing is. And heat mapping. So there's the actual threshold. So there's basically the track people. There's classic people tracking. Awesome, okay. Yes, there's classic people tracking and it's gonna go through actual infrared. It'll count a ticker. It's literally just as if somebody was tripping an I-beam. So I actually built an infrared blocker for that. Heat mapping, my actual application when you hook it up to Raspberry Pi you can make it look like people are walking in a circle in the store and it is really, really creepy. I couldn't use the actual software because I would most likely get sued or at least get a cease and desist letter. But yeah, it's pretty interesting stuff. There's some older software that's really, really fun to see the reactions of it. So, and yeah, I'm gonna be going to the actual device that's going through here. So you can basically look at the strange responses from the actual system and it'll do some of the beacon-ing and some other device reactions. So, and this is the actual radio that we're gonna be demoing here. And yeah, this is a CB-based, so yeah, they basically, if you kill the threshold with a really, really high-powered infrared laser, you can basically, yeah, it basically makes all the actual analytics actually shut down. So after about an hour of this, it had useless data. After three hours, it literally made the entire store black like that. And it, yeah, it was pretty decent. So, but yeah, I'm gonna go into the actual demo here. Yeah, I'm gonna actually let it lay waste to the actual software-defined radio or I got a actual capture of the wireless packets. So I'm gonna go through that here in a second. So I'm gonna go into the actual demonstration and then, yeah, I'm gonna do the Groundhogs Day attack and then I'm gonna do the dwelling time attack. So it's gonna jack up all the dwelling time. And on this computer here, I will show while I'm getting this demo set up, I will actually show you, which was not that interesting about demo, but I'll do that while I actually set up the software-defined radio demo. So, and yeah, I would just like to give thanks to my work. My kids, my wife is very, very patient with me. Jesus, my uncle Stacy, for giving me my first Zenith Easy PC, DevCon for having me speak for the fourth year in a row. It's an honor and an audience for listening to me and especially when I have to bobble a microphone in front of me. I apologize for that and I can't wait to hear the trolls on YouTube on that one. So, they already said I sound like Beebe's and Butthead on my last talk because I have nervous stuff that comes out. So, but yeah, follow me on Twitter guys and definitely, yeah, thanks again audience. It's you guys are what make DevCon and I really do mean that. So, and yeah, I'm gonna kick off the demo here. So, yeah, so this one basically is a, one of the text implementations of the actual word profile. So this one is a plugin for this application here, which basically it'll go through and literally crawl all the pages. I did not write this program. It's something that I am a huge fan of supporting and I definitely want to plug it and it's something where it literally goes through and clicks all the advertisements. They used a randomness. That was something that I saw as a eventual weakness but it's something where you can now actually load your own profile in there and you can build search analytics off of actual, yeah. So, basically gonna go through here what it actually will track here. Let's see. Yeah, so you can go through a lot of the settings. It's an amazing tool and it's very, very easy to actually modify if you guys wanted to start injecting your own profile information, I'm gonna be releasing the actual app for that here soon. So, let's see. Okay, I'm gonna be powering up my radio here and yeah, I'm gonna get my Kali machine going. So, one second. So I'm just gonna get Arom on running here in a second. Here's what an idle defcon looks like. Questions too, so I'm ready to approach the microphone. Of course my screen jack's up. I can actually see it here. Yeah, we should have SSIDs start popping up and there's gonna be tons of actual beacon information going on right now. So, basically this is making, like I was saying, there's the Groundhogs Day scenario where it basically replays the same day. So you can actually capture information. That's why it actually has two radios on there that are full-blown dev boards for radios. And then the actual other smaller antennas get passed off to a delay where they will pop the beacon information that was passed off from the initial radio. And like I said, I'll be releasing the actual code for this. So, and I'm glad my demo didn't blow up and you should see a couple fake access points popping up here. And there's tons of beacon information if any of you guys have a scanner on hand. So, what's up? Oh, awesome. Sweet. I knew as soon as I booted, I hope they keep it appropriate. But now as soon as I booted up that I should have known people were gonna mess with it, but. Anyways. It works really good in stores because when you walk into a retail store, there's not usually a hacker waiting with a laptop booted up with Cali on it. So, but yeah, I appreciate you guys coming and listening to me talk. And yeah, I'm glad the demo worked this year. And yeah, thanks guys.


As a fervent VHS collector, my life revolved around the pursuit of rare tapes and forgotten treasures. Each find was a triumph, a piece of nostalgia to add to my ever-growing collection. But there was one elusive item that had eluded me for years, the lost Warner Home video logo. It all began with a rumor, whispered among collectors in hushed tones. There existed a version of the Warner Home video logo that had never seen the light of day, a dark secret hidden within the annals of cinematic history. Intrigued by the mystery, I made it my mission to uncover the truth. Countless hours were spent scouring flea markets, thrift stores and online auctions in search of this legendary tape. Most dismissed it as mere myth, a figment of overactive imaginations. But I knew better. Deep down, I could feel the truth calling out to me, beckoning me into the darkness. Then one fateful day, I stumbled upon it, a listing on an obscure website, authoring a VHS tape simply titled, Warner Home Video. The description was cryptic, hinting at something beyond comprehension. Without hesitation, I placed my bid and waited with dated breath for its arrival. When the package finally arrived, I wasted no time in tearing it open, revealing the nondescript VHS tape yet in within. Excitement surged through my veins as I rushed to my DCR, eager to unravel the mystery that lay within. As the tape began to play, I was greeted by the familiar black screen, but something fell off. The air seemed to grow colder, the shadows deeper as if the room itself had become a portal to another realm. Undeterred, I pressed on, determined to uncover the truth. And then it appeared, the Warner Home Video logo, shrouded in darkness, its golden letters gleaming with another worldly sheen. But there was something different about it, something sinister lurking beneath the surface. The camera zoomed in slowly, too slowly, as if reluctant to reveal the horrors that lay beyond. The clouds in the background seemed to twist and contort, forming grotesque shapes that defied comprehension. And then, without warning, a discordant fanfare blared, sending shockwaves rippling through the very fabric of reality. I watched in horror as the logo morphed and shifted, its one sprout letters twisting into unnatural shapes that seemed to writhe with a life of their own. The WB shield logo appeared, but it was warped, distorted into a grotesque mockery of its former self. I wanted to look away, to flee from the nightmare unfolding before my eyes, but something held me captive, a force beyond my control. And as the logo faded into darkness, leaving me alone with my terror, I knew that I had stumbled upon something far more sinister than I could ever imagine. To this day, the memory of that lost Warner Home Video logo haunts my dreams, a chilling reminder that some secrets are better left buried in the depths of the unknown. But as a VHS collector, I know that curiosity will always be my downfall, driving me to seek out the truth, no matter the cost.


The Public Policy Research Institute Trivandrum and the P Sundraya Memorial Trust organized a national seminar on the crisis of natural rubber sector and delegates from different rubber growing states from Tripura in the northeast to Tamil Nadu and Kerala in the south attended this seminar more than 100 delegates took part in the last more than a decade the rubber farmers in our country have been facing an extreme crisis to give an example in 2011 if a rubber cultivator was getting 230 rupees per kg of rubber today it is less than 120 rupees a kg and this is directly a result of the quality policies being implemented at the best of the different union governments whether it be the Congress or the BJP which have gone ahead with the free trade agreements with the ASEAN countries which are also rubber growing countries and cheap rubber is being dumped here in a systematic way the price is being depressed it is being reduced and the farmers are suffering the burden of such a price crash while big tire manufacturers who have formed a cartel among themselves are getting this cheap rubber and also profiteering at the expense of both farmers as well as the consumers today the competition commission of India has fined about 1800 crores on these tire tire manufacturers mrf being one seat apollo tires and Birla and so on who have formed a cartel called the Atma so as a organization of the peasantry the all-india Kisan Sabha has demanded that this about 1800 crores should be given back to the farmers for helping them out and the chief minister of Kerala also has reiterated this demand it is to be noted that the huge losses that the farmers are suffering a state like Kerala itself must have suffered in the last decade more than a lakh crore loss because of the price fluctuation the fall in prices that has been continuously witnessed in the rubber sector it is in such a circumstance this seminar has discussed issues related to all stakeholders from the cultivators to the tapping workers to the MSMEs as well as the industry and plantation sector all were involved for the first time every section being brought together under one roof to discuss the crisis of the natural rubber sector very clear recommendations from different people have different experts have come the farmers have also intervened in each of these sessions in a big way it calls for the alternative set of policies implementation of alternative set of policies withdrawal from the free trade agreements as promised by Narendra Modi in Thailand a few years back that the ASEAN free trade agreement would also be reviewed but the government has been pursuing similar policies at a much faster pace so against that the need for uniting all sections of the farmers is something which came up for discussion exploring possibilities of collectivizing farmers for setting up industry agro processing industry rubber based industry is also something that was discussed to overcome the crisis faced by the rubber farmers the all-india Kishan Sabha is proposing an alternative P. Krishna Prasad the finance secretary of AIKS speaks about the need to set up cooperative organizations in production marketing and consumer sectors but the AIKS is also well aware of the challenges in creating awareness among the farmers first if you want to develop a agro processing industry which is now under the corporate control because of which the farmers are not getting the real price they are exploited then there is no other way than the petty producers come together and then develop their own cooperative producer organization so the producer cooperatives will work in three levels one thing is then the production of the industry processing second thing is the marketing and third thing is the consumer cooperatives so with these three sort of cooperatives consumer cooperatives market cooperatives and production cooperatives only we will be able to expand the base of the cooperative production for this we should first make the farmers aware about the cooperative intervention and second we should come together and uniquely put the demands in front of the society and the government that the change from the corporateization of agriculture to cooperative agriculture this demand should be popularized and based on this the government and the MLAs and MPs should be put under pressure to enact law in support of the cooperative agriculture and there the major thing is will be one thing is that whatever the surplus created that will be shared with the primary producer the worker as additional wage and the farmer as additional price second thing is that then their system of the cooperatives whether the production cooperative marketing cooperative or industry is a consumer cooperative this should be under the worker self-management system so that workers themselves will control the cooperatives and they will ensure the interest of the workers and the presence the farmers will be protected and this is the basic foundation of a cooperative intervention in any society for them there should be a campaign in favor of the cooperative production system and how to link the agriculture with in agro processing industry and market and the consumer marketing system so this sort of a huge effort or huge task in front of us is there then we have to undertake through making the farmers and the workers aware about the importance of the cooperative production in the struggle against the corporate recession of the economy this is the basic of the concept of the old episcopal and there are a lot of experiments going on many places in the country where the cooperatives are become really successful so what we are saying is not the government cooperatives but the social cooperatives under the leadership of the workers and farmers the government cooperatives are controlled by the bureaucracy and that will not serve the purpose of these social cooperatives which will capture the interest of the workers and the farmers and such a social cooperatives needs to be built across the country in the sector wise and the crop wise and that challenge we are going to undertake in the coming days in a more effective manner with the wide participation of the farmers and the working class


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Many Christians are stuck in spiritual bondage because they think like elephants. At the town carnival, a man was observing an elephant held captive by a short rope and a stake in the ground. Wondering how such a weak device could bind the large, strong animal, he turned to the elephant's keeper saying, Surely this elephant could free itself with even just a fractional use of its strength. How do you keep it bound in this way? The keeper explained, Ever since this elephant was young and small, it was tied in place by a stake and a rope. When it was weaker, the rope was strong enough to hold it. Now that it's stronger, it stays in place simply because it doesn't know it could break the rope and go free. The only power the enemy can have over you is the power he can deceive you into giving to him. I don't mean that one can simply think themselves into freedom. I mean that when a believer knows who they are in Christ and lives accordingly, they live in freedom. For more on deliverance, get Holy Spirit The Bondage Breaker at bondagebreaker.com


Okay, we're back. We're live. I'm Jay Fidel. This is Energy in America here on a given Wednesday We are joined by Lou Plurici of E-Pring in Washington and Lou is going to try to make me feel better about the coronavirus. What do you say? I Don't think I can make you feel better as long as you don't get it.  Right on So Jay I thought you know, this is I'm a little bit outside my lane here, but I Do have some You know discussion. I think we ought to have we'll talk we have a kind of what the measures We are undertaking is tending to do to energy in America and how that is a kind of Graphic if you like a representation what it's doing more generally to the national economy Even the tourist trade in Hawaii, you'll see some we have some data what's happening in the US oil production What's likely to happen over time? Part of the oil production is also because of the Entrance of the Saudis and Russia's Russia in the price war, but it's happy at a time when We're undergoing rather massive contraction and demand and this is going to come at a heavy economic cost And then I think we should have a you know discuss a little bit about As I say here or the measures worth the pain or is what we don't like to say in the public policy community Is the juice worth the squeeze? That's sort of what I'd like us to talk about today okay Because we're going to go through a big squeeze Yeah, we are we're going to go through a process where we're buying ourselves some improved health outcome and We've had very little discussion on whether what we're exactly we're buying for all the pain And I know that's a very unemotional way to talk about it. People think about health in a very emotional way But in fact, it's like everything else in life. It comes with a cost. Well, we're spending trillions I mean if you if you listen to the last press conference or two we're spending trillions, but not all of that is for health Some of it is for trying to boost the economy. Let's jump change what the government spending. That's not that What we're doing is we're devastating the world economy. We're contracting the world economy Millions of people out of work now if they're out of work for a few months We need to find some way to bridge through but if we're going to go and actually contract the world economy from from something anywhere from five to ten percent that much like the corona virus comes with a huge cost to society and I would be very Surprised if it doesn't also come with a substantial death rate and I actually think this is a kind of hard Hard news. It's difficult for people to kind of get their head around it I do this doesn't mean we shouldn't do anything But I think we should have a much more Unemotional and careful discussion of what we're doing to our national economy and the world economy So that's my back at one thing you said if we have a you know a big slide on the global economy You said that would have its own impact on health and and create a death Tell me how that works. How would that work? So people who lose their job not just in the US. They have bouts of anxiety depression the family strike You have suicide You have a lots of health concerns people are worried. They don't have enough money. They don't go to the doctor I mean we have a lot of models that have looked at this over the years that suggests that if you have Sustained periods of low economic activity high unemployment. You have a health outcome That's quite bad So just on that level, but also making people poor now, that's not a very good outcome either No, it's a quality of life outcome Going to be laying off hundreds of thousands of people from the you know tourist business from restaurants from a lots of traditional economic activities around the United States and We have a we do have a stimulus package, but it's run by the government God knows if it's going to get to the right people or How much good it's going to do because in the end all the productive activity of society has eventually have to I mean traditionally when we had the When we had the financial meltdown the concern was bailing out bailing out the banks, but really getting money into the system So product productive productive activity could continue what we're doing now is saying. Oh, no You should stay home. You can't do traditional productive activity yep, so We can dole out a lot of money But we still need the goods and services to be made Yeah, that's where the crunch comes everybody expects to have at least some semblance of quality of life, but if the whole economy You know winds down and is becomes inactive You won't be able to have those things. You don't have any income. You don't have any supply line Yeah, so let's take a look at the at first a couple a couple of modeling outcomes and See, uh, you know compare a very strict quarantine with a somewhat more modest quarantine This is from rice dead energy world a meter plus some other folks out there. So if you look at the US model results from intense government intervention scenario What we call a strict quarantine Now keep in mind All models are wrong But some are useful So the first one you can see here shows what we might expect from uh and Or a strict quarantine and this would be very similar to what Still happened in China one of the problems we have in the u.s. Is we don't have enough measurement going on But you can see here if you look at the kind of light the pink You can see that a big chunk of society gets minor symptoms We have a group that are infected and undiagnosed And then we have this whole group that becomes Uh, eventually recovered And undiagnosed. Okay, so that's a smaller group and we're now we're now moving up this you see these little These little bubbles in here. We're now moving up which we might call the path of the hospital treatment and uh people who need critical care, right now We're kind of looking at a time period running the model from 16th to February to the 1st of july And let's compare that to a Modest quarantine, right And so basically if you look at the next slide, this is a little a little different And so what I want you to understand is the real outcomes That we're facing is do we take a high intense hit? And then get over the hump very quickly but maybe Put a lot of pressure on our hospital system Or do we delay The number of cases, all right, and we stretch it out over a longer period of time the interesting Probably are not going to Substantially change the total number of cases what we're going to do is shift And delay the cases over a period of time to give the hospitals a more time to deal with it flattening the curve Would be would allow a lot more economic activity to take place Um And uh, would you know would not shut down, you know, if you if you're sick you stay home If you are uh, if you if someone in your family has coronavirus you would stay home But much of the other activity of society If you have a cold you would you check with your doctor, you know, so We could do a lot of things, but we wouldn't have this severe shutdown all the travel now Let's go to the next, uh, this impact of this What's going on right now if you go to the next slide So this shows you and this has been a good marker of uh, world, uh economic activity Because global oil and petroleum products, right They are the kind of Liquid that runs the world economy jet fuel gasoline diesel fuel operation of factories And you can see these are the components of east asia europe north america the rest of our world and the kind of, uh Managed the pandemic and by this by the way The pandemic it's very disturbing to me that they would use this word pandemic Yeah The spanish flu was a pandemic This is not a pandemic. This is a serious illness But to call it a pandemic and create all this panic. I think it's been very unfortunate um It's it's uh, it's not really It's not really, you know, I mean Something close to a hundred countries in the world And it's in every state of the union every state in our union It's pretty much everywhere you look and there's a number of cases just came up today In central africa, which they claim came from europe and the united states So I think there's no there's no place you can hide. It's it's there. It's everywhere. Isn't that a pandemic? I'm not saying it's not a bad thing What i'm trying to say is that compared to If you look at for for example, if you look at the korean data where they've done the most testing Right the fatality rate Uh for folks under 50 years of age is quite small, right? So it's very much Uh directed, you know 60 to 69 you have like a 1.3 fatality rate Above 70 it goes to 5 above 80 it goes to 9 it's bad. It's bad But why wouldn't that suggest to you that we would have a program that focuses on our uh senior citizens and tries to uh, you know sort of To address them directly than this kind of massive shutdown of the world economy So, I mean the question is From a public policy point of view Would it not have been better To target the interventions where they were needed towards the high-risk populations Older people and other people with health conditions You know, I mean We don't know exactly how it's transmitted. We don't have any cure For it, and we don't have a vaccine against it. How can we how can we target and you know and benefit A subset of the older generation People put them in quarantine Protect them They would their incidents would be a lot less would just be a lot less Okay, let's go to the let me just show you a couple of more kind of Charts here So if you look at this chart here, this shows you the number of flights at risk of being suspended in the this year 2020 And you can see here Uh, uh, so shangan, which would be the european, right? We've had about 1,400,000 flights over the next four weeks United's down, um, actually I was quite shocked. There's a lot less than I thought 20 internationally delta 20 25 international Singapore 25 of their total flights Uh air france klm are cutting 70 to 90 april of may Lufthansa, so you can see and if you look at the data 2020 Pre-virus was going to be a boom year For the airline business and you can see right now the actual rate Is starting to look like uh, a very uh, potentially a very deep dive, which I found was very interesting Uh, apparently 2018 was a tough year in uh until summer You look here if you manage the so-called manage the virus scenario Will help us to get back some of it, you know, but we are going to have a year for the airline business That is going to be substantially below 2017 even as a fairly good case And then let's look at What's going to happen to domestic well-gassed production? Now this one, which is the next slide, right? Now this one is a little more difficult to blame strictly on the corona virus uh us you can see here as of Probably production through Now we're about 10 11 million barrels a day Uh, this is shale productions. Let us include other production in the u.s But you can see that under Different price scenarios and one of the reasons the price oil is falling so dramatically Is because of all the restrictions on travel and The ongoing price war between the Saudis and the Get into more detail But this is probably going to take A hundred billion dollars in direct capital investment out of the us economy uh Lou can we just take a Short break come back sure and i'd like to i'd like to get a handle on how this is going to recover What the elements are for a recovery when it happens and how will we see it? You know spool up again That's lupus of eprinck energy policy research foundation We're talking about energy in america and beyond we'll be right back Yeah, welcome back to think tech and energy in america I'm jay fidel and we have a lupus of eprinck on the on the line from his office or his home in washington dc um, and we're talking about um, I guess the interaction If you will of everything is connected now energy is connected. Certainly with the corona virus seven We're talking about expectations for both So lu you had more charts you want to talk about? Give us a little on how this is going Yeah, one last chart. This is really a question of policy and uh Three so this I think three reasons these epidemiological models may be too pessimistic First They underestimate the rate of adaptive responses Which should slow slow down the replication rate? Actually, I saw a couple of very interesting studies today that even showed that The a submit the people who are non, you know symptomatic they have the virus, but they don't Show it that the initial evidence suggests that they are Less infectious and people with a full blown Then the models if you look at the models carefully They seem to assume that the vulnerability of infection for older people Give some clue As to the rate of spread over the general population When it does not right so that I think that's very important And then find what is the lesson of that? What is the lesson that we we now know about? The basic assumption driving these very worst case scenarios these scenarios which are causing the governments to take very drastic action is that They assume that the vulnerability of the infection for older population It gives some clue, you know to the rate of spread over the general population And you know the folks I've checked with this You know of course we're going to learn a lot more and finally right There's a there's a general assumption all these models that There's a sort of tacit but maybe question or assumption that the strength of the virus remains constant throughout the period when we know the it's going to Its potency is likely to decline over in time particularly because of temperature increases now two or three good studies out there now showing that It is quite clear in a study by four chinese scholars that looked at over the different parts of china and Places like taiwan and hong kong are doing relatively well Singapore, malaysia And it's a mixed bag because of course malaysia hong kong taiwan They went through the SARS and they were very very well prepared for this But also they are areas with warmer climate and there's a lot of evidence that's having the effect So as we enter in the spring and the summer I think these models are going to prove to be too pessimistic And so I guess my feeling is if you're balancing costs and benefits As we get into the summer months and as policy makers see or as we get into the warmer spring, let's just say I think they should begin to unwind this he'll try to get the people to you know increase the testing so we know if someone had People should wash their hands of course to all the other responsible things Begin to turn the travel back on Get to turn the restaurants back on And get people back to work that should be And policy makers should start to be giving this message. Look, there's an end game here This is not the end of the roman empire, you know There is an end game to this thing and we're going to get to the other side of this And we're not going to be unreasonable, you know, I always feel that We really want the government to step in and do the right thing But we should always be careful of turning out for our lives to the bureaucrats Amen to that You know, but the problem the problem is that somebody has got to call the balls and strikes somebody's got to say Here we are July 1st And the numbers are going down as many people are getting infected according to our Tests hopefully by them we'll have tests not as many people are in duress and in distress over this Not as many people are dying So, okay, we're we're we see the light at the end of the tunnel and now we can, you know, turn the jets on again That's I guess that's a pun on the economy We can focus on recovering the economy. Let's let's start doing business again, you know, all the businesses that stopped Let's start them up that the risk in that And it's yet to be it's yet to be determined in China China had these very draconian Measures and and it seemed to stop the contagion and the deaths. I mean they're very I think they had one case yesterday. That's it But the problem is they're going to send everybody back to work yet We don't know Whether it still lives in there somewhere and when everybody goes back to work shoulder to shoulder You know, we'll have we'll have another epidemic or how serious it will be This will eventually be like h1 n1 Like three or four other flu variants we have there an endemic piece An endemic virus which will be with us For which we will have to develop a vaccine every year as adapts or whatever to help us address this And uh, it's part of the flu It is not The Spanish flu It's not even SARS or Ebola, but it does have a higher infection rate. I got that But it also has an enormously positive recovery rate and all i'm asking for is Some weight Of the economic costs when they think about the medical repercussions That's what i'm asking Well, I don't you know, I but I think the level of uh, what do you want to call a concern? I don't want to use the word panic, but concern That presently exists is probably going to get worse because the number of cases are going to get worse When the testing comes through and the number of deaths of any of so if you look 30 60 days We probably have more concern than less. We probably have more draconian methods in this country Um and more and and there'll be less business not more business And really the question is not only how do we give people confidence? So to go back to work and concentrate on the recovery instead of staying alive. That's a hard choice um But uh, you know, how exactly a recovery will unfold and dangerous business in the in the uh, Spanish flu What happened is it the the flu developed here somehow patient zero was here in in the midwest in kansas I think and it got into a military base and all the guys were going overseas for world war one They got on troop ships shoulder to shoulder They went they went to uh, france and the like shoulder to shoulder And while it diminished in the us It grew in europe and then when the war right over they came back with it and reinfected the us a year later But let's put this in perspective. Okay We probably had a half a billion Infections with the Spanish flu according to most of the data 50 to 100 million deaths worldwide. Okay well We we're not even competitive with the flu yet Okay, i'm not saying we won't be but we're not even competitive with the flu But we don't want to be every year We want to slow it down We have 20 to 60 thousand deaths of the flu every year in the us And it's not shown on the ticker tape On cnn every night for two or three hours Another person died of influenza. We don't see that on the ticker. So let me ask you why are people so concerned about this Is it completely irrational? It's new they don't understand it. They have not it's been all the media talks about it little Discussion of the target groups the information and the analysis is still too early For cdc to be very smart about it The measures the chinese undertook were quite impressive, but they also Were, you know, they can only take place in a very authoritarian regime and so people people are afraid they're sort of Panic because it's an uncertainty. They don't know how to judge but We accept a whole bunch of risks a whole bunch of risks Which are much more serious than this We get the we have a 1% chance lifetime risk of dying Driving a car. I haven't seen anybody say look. I'm not going to drive a car because I know it's a lot more Risky than the coronavirus But I'm going to completely change my life because I'm afraid of the coronavirus right I think once we get a a better a better sense that look Yeah, it's a really bad It's a it can be a bad flu. It can be tough to recover from But that it's really going to be attacking largely the elderly and we should have a program that focuses on them Well, you know, I'll tell you where this is going to be a very very ironic And and that's where you know, the hospitals are going to be all committed and loaded up with coronavirus virus cases But the people who have The the old-fashioned classical conventional life-threatening illnesses Right now today the kind we've always had Call it heart attacks call it stroke Call it cancer, whatever that might be They're not going to have medical care available because the hospital the hospital all loaded up with coronavirus Um, and so they won't have the medical care that they had hoped to get They're going to be in trouble You know, they've just brought the uss comfort into uh, new york Uh, navy ship not to take care of coronavirus, but to take care of everyone else Who can't get access to the hospital? There you go because of coronavirus There you go. This thing has like 12 operating rooms 1100 beds. I mean we have resources in this country We can we can address so we only have a minute left blue I just I want to sort of ask you a last question and uh, you can answer it any way you want How do you really feel how do you really feel about the subject? How do you really feel about the economy and energy? How do you really feel about public health? Yeah, look, I think that these are difficult decisions and trade-offs but We need to weigh the economic losses. We need to weigh them carefully You I I you should go out on the street in Honolulu and ask some of the displaced hotel workers How they feel about what's going on now. They think this is the right thing I mean, I don't you know, you that there are lots of things we can do to to reduce the risk And the taking it to zero is very hard Yeah, it's not a perfect world. That's for sure. It's not a And it seems like the more people on the planet the more complex things get The more interdependent we are The less perfect the world is Well, thank you Lou So much more coming down the bike And I'm sure we'll look back at this show and in a few weeks and say, oh my god, we didn't understand anything I want to come out there. Why you got warm weather. It's probably killing the corona virus Thank you, it's always