This talk is is related to my my new book the problem with socialism and the idea for this book Came from you know, some of you might be familiar there been opinion polls. There was a Pew Foundation poll that said 69% of Voters under 30 said they could vote for a socialist for president in the United States and there was a you gov comm poll of Millennials that is people born between 1982 and 44% of them said they preferred socialism over capitalism and so my publisher regularly publishing they contacted me and and we talked about You know the need for a book that would explain why this is a bad idea You know, you know so mark marketing a book to the millennials in particular and my editor there said We want every conservative parent to buy this book and give it to their kids before they go off to college What's in the in the schools or in one of the blurbs for the book Walter Williams? Wrote that here's what he wrote It's a worthwhile investment for parents with college-age children to buy two copies And one for them and one for the kids and then he said he calls universities Socialist indoctrination camps in before before you send your child off to socialist indoctrination camp Give them some ammu ammunition intellectual ammunition. And so that's that's the purpose of the book And so what I thought I'd do today is another an alternative title for the talk could be How to argue with your Bernie Sanders following roommates back at school Something like something like along those lines. And so it's 16 short chapters They're short, but I tried to make them as concise as possible and there are several hundred footnotes to the book So it's based on all of our literature But written up in a sort of economics in one lesson type of style So I'm gonna go over some you know as many of these as I can get through some of the you know one or two of these This crowd probably doesn't need to hear about too much but I'm gonna do it anyway because I We have a diverse crowd here. Well, first of all, you know, what is socialism all these the millennials who say Yeah, socialism is the good thing for my future I hope to I like to assume they don't really know what it is what it is You know, and then if they do learn they'll change their minds But what it is the way I define it is first of all it includes the traditional definition of government ownership of the means of production So any nationalized industries government-run industries and I do have a chapter called islands of socialism It's about government-run enterprises. They're not nationalized But it's the state government or the local government, you know hospitals schools all the things that governments run But then in the 1976 edition of the road to serfdom Hayek Wrote that the meaning of socialism had evolved by that time to include Government income redistribution programs through the welfare state and the progressive income tax And he said that the goal was always ostensibly Equality the pursuit of material equality egalitarianism was always the goal but the means evolved from nationalization of industry to the welfare state and the progressive income tax and the progressive income tax of course is Plank number two in the communist manifesto plank number one is abolition of private property And then the second most important goal of Marx and Engels was a progressive income tax in capitalist economies Because they thought it would it would help to destroy capitalist economy undermine capitalist economies so Part number one is nationalized industries part number two is the welfare state and the Progressive income tax and then I also include what Misi said in his book socialism in one of the latter chapters He said that socialists have always had a dual strategy The parts the first part of the strategy was to nationalize as much as possible to have the government run as much as possible second part of the strategy is what Misi's calls destructionism To destroy the private property free enterprise system with heavy taxes heavy regulations inflation Whatever works, you know Taking over the educational system and brainwashing the kids and With the virtues of socialism and the evils of markets, whatever works destructionism And so with that definition is not the old early 20th century definition of government ownership of the means of production It's much broader So I have 16 chapters in the book 16 short it covers a lot of ground if you look up the website of Democratic Socialists of America for example, they highlight a a super minimum wage as one of their top objectives And so that's not government ownership of the means of production But it's a government mandated $15 an hour minimum wage And so I so I take I take it from the horse's mouth in other words by looking up What the socialists of our day are saying they want? And just last night Hillary Clinton looked at Bernie Sanders and said your cause is our cause to Bernie And so I guess you could look at the Democratic Party platform and a lot of the Republican platform as being social Socialism or socialistic as far as that goes. So that's what it is Point number two I wrote down here I probably probably don't need to explain this to this group that socialism will destroy your economic future And so I write a little bit about the history of The Soviet Union for example our friend Yuri Maltsev who has taught at Misi University in the past Was an advisor to Mikhail Gorbachev who defected from the Soviet Union and when he defected he ends up It's a very interesting story. I don't have time here to tell Yuri's story But he ends up in the office of Dick Cheney who was the Defense Secretary at the time And he told Cheney that the Soviet economy was no more than five percent of the US economy And Yuri's story is that well Cheney says well our CIA says it was it's more like 50% and Yuri was insistent No five percent and he was right. And so the country with the largest natural resource base on the planet It really had no economy and he's five percent of our economy at most and it never produced a single Product marketable on international markets with the exception of possibly of caviar But that comes from a fish and not a factory And so And so it'll certainly ruin your your economic future And I also talk about you know when India gained its independence They adopted a sort of a Soviet style five-year economic plans And India became synonymous with third world poverty But India was one of the once one of the wealthiest countries on earth You know a long long time ago, but when they had more economic freedom They've they've made improvements since those days But it was a terrible disaster that they went in that direction. Africa did the same thing After the after colonization ended all these African countries Adopted socialism of one form or another in central planning And if you're interested in that particular topic the author one of the authors that I cite is George Ayette Who's written many books on this He last I was in touch with George. He was teaching at American University in Washington, D.C. And he's he's from Ghana, but he's been in the u.s. for many years So if you're interested in that you read George and uh, and he uh, you know, he's written books on how Africans had you know, they had a culture of entrepreneurship and individualism You know before colonialism And instead of going back to that culture they their governments embraced socialism and central planning And you know the rest is history and so if you want to destroy your economic future There's no shortage of examples Argentina did the same thing the the latest example would be venezuela, which I'll talk about in a minute Point number three Is you cannot fix socialism You know, I've been at this quite a while and whenever if I write op-eds criticizing some government program or Some government regulation or legislation or something like that I will inevitably get email from somebody Who says but we can fix this we can get smarter people in charge Or we can do it like they did it over there in that country or something like that But the thing about socialism, of course, is there are inherent reasons why it inevitably fails as an economic system regardless of who's in charge And and I lay it out in my book to uh to a lay audience And you know the three basic reasons are the the incentive problem the old incentive problem And I don't know maybe some of you have heard this story before but if we used uh If we use socialism to to grade the exams at mesis university You know, we have these written exams and then tomorrow we start the oral exams What we would do with that we would tell the faculty when we do the oral exams tomorrow give each student a Number of points maybe from one to ten if you're an a plus student you get ten during our interview with you Okay, and then we'll add up all the points divide by the number of students and give all give every student a marginal fail Or some of the same grade or or marginal pass some sort of mediocre Same grade that's that would be social using socialism That's the incentive system, you know, it causes the free rider problem If there's no link between effort and reward you get less effort um Reason number two is high x knowledge problem The idea that it's the information of time and place decentralized knowledge that makes an economy work And uh and and so the pretense is that a small group of politicians or government planners Could possibly possess all the knowledge That's in the minds of millions of people of consumers and workers and investors and managers And that's why Hayek called it the pretense of knowledge And the third reason of course is the calculation problem Uh without without private property and free market prices Uh, you don't have the guidance of free market prices. It comes in becomes impossible to organize production Uh without uh without prices determined by supply and demand It all becomes chaos. It's kind of like trying to make your way through a foreign city Without street signs and without prices based on supply and demand And so and so these are the reasons it doesn't matter who's in charge Socialism is economic poison for all of these these three reasons And that's why it has destroyed every economy where it's ever been in tried Point number four Is the myth of democratic socialism And we hear a lot about this that uh And I can remember uh, maybe some of you saw uh, Larry david on saturday night live portraying bernie sanders Have you have you seen him?  You know, that's bernie sanders. Anyway It kind of reminds me of a of a thinner Nikita krushev when he gives speeches he leans forward he screams into the microphone and he's pounding his fist and And uh, and uh, he did by the way, bernie spent very charmingly spent his honeymoon in moscow When it was a young man in the in the darkest days of the soviet union He chose moscow of all places for for his honeymoon. His wife must be a real sweetie to to of uh Go along with stuck with him for all these years after he took her to moscow in the 1960s and uh but but uh, but democratic socialism uh Look at venezuela today They adopted democratic socialism. Well, my story about saturday night live is uh sanders one that is saying there's a huge difference between socialism and democratic socialism and in uh In the comedian said oh huge spelled with a y is it so yeah huge Like that, but there is no difference, you know socialism is socialism Obamacare is a form of socialized medicine Doesn't matter if it was imposed on americans by a dictator or by democracy It's still the same thing And it's still it's still going to be just as chaotic and disruptive doesn't matter how it's imposed socialism is basically the the forceful imposition Of a government plan or set of plans on society that replaces individual plans For their own lives and for their own careers And so you can do that through a majority rule vote or you can do it through a dictator But you still get the same thing Friedrich bastia wrote that and made that very point in the law Published in 1850. So this is um, this is nothing original with me But venezuela today they adopted socialism and uh democratic socialism in 1999 and today their economy is Is a shambles middle-class people who had very good jobs Venezuela has more oil than saudi arabia Are out rooting through garbage in the streets looking for food to eat They got hyperinflation of 1600 a year at least a hamburger and caracas will cost you the equivalent of $170 today And animals are starving people are abandoning their pets And it's just anybody who can leave is leaving and so they they've destroyed What was once the wealthiest country in latin america in about 15 years with with socialism democratic socialism Same with argentina did the same thing brazil bolivia same thing Sweden is this country that is often talked about by the bernie sanders and hillary clinton As as a model for americans. We should be more like the scandinavian countries But the truth about sweden is that sweden was very prosperous from the late 19th century till about the 19 till about 1950 Because it had a limited very limited government low taxes high degree of economic freedom that produced all these great inventors like alfred nobel who invented dynamite The people who created volvo and sob automobiles refrigeration technology and a lot of other businesses and products and then they adopted first they sort of Experimented with fascism and then they moved to socialism and by nationalizing a number of industries Creating a big welfare state heavily progressive income tax and lots of regulation of what was left of private businesses and as a result Sweden had zero job growth from 1950 until 2005 According to the swedish economic association They did not have one single net new job created for 55 years Which means they were basically eating up the capital that was created by the earlier generations of entrepreneurs and capitalists And taxing it away and it created a bit of a crisis for them as you would imagine And so they did what government socialist governments always do Is try to print their way out of trouble and bail themselves out By printing money and they printed so much that they had 500 interest rates in sweden at one point And that that caused them a bit of a reaction Sort of a margaret thatcher style revolt where they uh, they privatized some industries. They deregulated Banking and a number of other industries cut marginal tax rates and made a bit of a comeback But sweden today still has per capita income less than mississippi Which is the poorest state in the united states And so when when when people make the case that well, we're successful in scandinavia It was before they adopted socialism. Yes scandinavia was sweden was successful economically They had the highest per capita income growth from 1870 until about 1940 in the whole world And and then they abandoned that they threw it all away In uh in denmark I quote a danish economist saying that you know, they have such heavy taxation in addition to the income tax Which is quite heavy and quite progressive. There's there are things like 180 sales tax on cars when you buy a car National sales tax. I think it's 25 percent and he said the total tax take That uh, this danish economist I quote is about 70 percent And so, uh, you know the government takes 70 percent of your of your income And so uh in following my friend walter williams I would point out that That a good definition of slavery is forcing a person to work for the benefit of another person That's a pretty good definition of slavery now the real slaves were slaves for 12 months out of the year But the danes are slaves for just 70 percent of the year so they're not quite as bad off as real slaves They're they're only slaves to other people for 70 percent of the year instead of instead of 20 30 percent of the year and of course they get something back from from from this I guess and so and hayek addressed this this whole issue of democratic socialism to explain that It's like oil and water Socialism eats away at and destroys democracy Eventually and i'll read you one little passage from hayek To give you a one some idea of uh the type of thing that he says about this Is that the democratic statesman who sets out to plan economic life socialism Will soon be confronted with the alternative of either assuming Dictatorial powers or abandoning his plans and admitting failure He would soon have to choose between disregard of ordinary morals and failure It is for this reason that the unscrupulous and inhibited are likely to be more successful in a socialist society This is from the road to serfdom by hayek And so you know for the reason they gave earlier socialism always fails And then the politicians never admit failure and they never give up They grab more power and a lot of the public will will want a strong man the public will come out of favor Yeah, we need a strong man or a strong woman to be in charge and become more dictatorial And of course, that's the opposite of what we think of as democracy And so that's that's just one of the reasons hayek gave quite a few others But i don't have the time to go into a review of the road to serfdom here and in this lecture But but that's just one part of his logic of how socialism is actually destructive of democracy. It's not compatible Point number five. I would make is it's it's false it's false that socialism produces equality And I deny that it's even a moral objective. I think it's an immoral objective I I I have a chapter entitled egalitarianism Versus human nature and of course, we're all different. We're all made different We'll have different interests and in degrees of intelligence and strength and biological characteristics and so forth So when the government devotes itself to the pursuit of forceful equality It becomes more and more totalitarian because that's the only way you can get it And what it really has become the push for equality is sort of a war on the division of labor A war on the international division of labor, which is what makes the economic world go around We all specialize in something in our work lives We make money doing that and then we trade with other people who specialize in other things If we didn't do it's what it's what keeps human civilization together as mesis wrote in human action the international division of labor So the socialists like marks and angles knew what they were doing when they attacked the division of labor in the name of equality Which always sounds so nice, you know equality They knew they were destroying the heart of The capitalist system that keeps human civilization together the international division of labor Okay, and so that's why they went after it and I quote I don't I quote more than just economists in this chapter. For example, I quote hl manken on in one page And since I have an opportunity to quote hl manken And not all of you are familiar with hl manken. So, uh, I'll introduce you to to something The story has it that uh, murray rothbard on his wedding night with his wife joey spent the whole night laying in bed reading hl manken quotes to each other and laughing their heads off In the and I believe that's a true story. I think it was joey that told us that Years ago at them probably had a mesis university. I always wonder if that's why they never had children, you know myself But um, but who knows, uh, you know, I don't I didn't know them that well, but uh, but anyway, so so Manken was murray's favorite, uh, writer as far as you know, uh People who they really had a touch for for bashing the state and here's one of the things he said, uh The great manken about this topic of equality and egalitarianism said all government in its essence is a conspiracy Against the superior man. It's one permanent object is to oppress him and cripple him If it be aristocratic in organization, then it seeks to protect the man who is superior Only in law against the man who is superior. In fact, if it be democratic Then it seeks to protect the man who is inferior in every way Against both one of the primary functions is to regiment men by force to make them as much alike as possible And as dependent upon one another as possible to search out and combat originality among men All it can see in an original idea is potential change and hence an invasion of its prerogatives That is invasion of government's prerogatives The most dangerous man to any government is the man who is able to think things out for himself Without regard to the prevailing superstitions and taboos In quote, that's what political correctness is all about, isn't it to censor all all these Uh, uh, criticisms of the superstitions and taboos that we're all supposed to believe in at the hands of the state And that reminds me of another thing Hayek said in the road to social road to serfdom Is that under under any kind of collectivism where you call it socialism or fascism or anything They're sort of the end of truth one of the chapters is called the end of truth because Truth becomes something that is handed down by the state and is enforced By its enforcers in the media and academe and elsewhere It's not something that is discovered through discussion and conversation Research and learning it's something that is told to us by the state And then anybody who questions that is dealt with that's under socialism in one way or the other And that really is what political correctness is all about, isn't it? I also cite, um Kurt Vonnegut is a non-economist here And uh In his famous essay Harrison Bergeron who sort of spoofs the whole idea of equality forced equality At the hand of the state not equality into the law, but the state's attempts to make everybody equal in some way And here's what Vonnegut said he said the year was 2081 and everyone was finally equal They weren't only equal before god and the law they were equal in every which way Nobody was smarter than anybody else Nobody was better looking than anyone else. Nobody was stronger or quicker than anybody else All this equality was due to the 211th 212th and 213th amendments to the constitution And to the unceasing vigilance of the agents of the united states handicapper general And so and so the handicapper general worked as follows Hazel had a perfectly average intelligence which meant she couldn't think about anything except in short bursts But george George while his intelligence was way above normal He had a little mental handicap radio in his ear put there by the government He was required by law to wear it at all times. It was tuned to a government transmitter Every 20 seconds or so the transmitter would send out some sharp noise to keep people like george from taking unfair advantage of their brains And and and then I finally quote mary rothbard after this Is saying the reason why writers like this sort of uh spoof egalitarianism and forced equality And make it sound like a nightmarish thing is because it is a nightmarish thing And rothbard wrote when the implications of such a world are fully spelled out We recognize that such a world and such attempts are profoundly anti human being anti human in the deepest sense The egalitarian goal is therefore evil and any attempts in a direction of such a goal must be considered as evil as well and And so the government's always fail To do anything but make everybody equally miserable under socialism But the political elites and their supporters in the so-called private sector always do very well For example, you can read in new york times in a wall street journal today That the wealthiest person in venezuela Where where upper middle class people are rooting through garbage in the streets looking for food the wealthiest person in the country Is the 35 year old daughter of the late hugo chevez Who uh who is worth reportedly four point two billion dollars Even though she never ran a business or had a job as far as I know The former treasury minister of venezuela is reportedly worth 11 billion dollars Even though he was in the same situation I'm sure he didn't create 11 billion dollars of value for anybody or any value at all They just stole the money and so In the latest uh big long new york times article about venezuela that I read There were about 10 pages of pictures of all these awful pictures of the the poor people scrounging for food and things like that Uh, but and at the same time there were pictures of uh, hugo chevez's political pals all joining country clubs the caracas country club where it would cost like the equivalent of $70,000 to join and and they're just having a good old time Because uh, you know, that's what socialism does. There's a it's always been like it was true in russia True in africa india wherever it is. It has been you've got a grotesque inequality Uh, look at all the latin american countries. You've got this elite at the top It lives high on the hog and then everybody else. There's no middle class everybody else in the lower class. That's the model Okay, uh, you know your classmates and your roommates and you go back to college should know that uh Your your professors who always take the moral high road by touting socialism and criticizing markets Are are associating themselves with an ideology that is responsible for the worst crimes in all of human history That there's a book called the black book of communism That you can read about these crimes in there's another read a book called death by government by rj rummel And write that one down. It's not easy to spell rj rummel He also has a website. You can just google uh death by government. What a depressing career that must have been He spent his whole career Calculating how many people were murdered by their own governments in the in throughout the world And uh, and he has this huge website several books about it And just to give you some idea of the magnitude of this The next time one of your professors takes the moral high road and goes, uh, you know In promoting socialism and the russians murdered 20 million of their own people These are not war deaths. These are these are murders of dissenters to socialism China 60 million vietnam 1 million north korea 2 million cambodia 2 million Eastern europe a million They were pretty good in eastern europe latin america america 150 000 africa 1.7 million And uh, rummel calls this demo side It's a death by government and uh, and so And I also had one big long paragraph that I quoted from one of these studies Of sort of the methods of torture that were also used to Against dissenters And so that's something that nobody knows. I I gave some of my students this I teach a course called capitalism and its critics And I have them read some of the bad guy stuff I have them read the communist manifesto and then Then parts of socialism by mises and you go back and forth like that And I gave them a table from rj rummel's book to let them know about this and then and a couple of these Guys were in the college republicans and they had one of these days where all the all the clubs on campus had a little booth On the quad and they hand out literature or something or sell cupcakes or whatever they do And uh, and of all the things they were given out my handout of the you know death by government handout To all the students who are walking by instead of handing out selling cookies or something like that And and they told me that nobody knew anything about this other classmates do anything about this You know, they thought they thought there was uh, communists were all like bernie sanders, you know You know cute little grandfather types, you know, grand that you see at christmas. That's uh, there's such big sweetie pies And so I don't know how much uh Progress they made there, but that's what they did I must I guess i'm on point number uh seven is uh fascism is a form of socialism You know one of the most evil words in the english language fascism Hyatt called it a violent anti-capitalistic attack fascism After all the nazis were uh, were the national socialist german workers party That's what that national socialism is what nazi stood for and uh, so hitler called himself a socialist Uh, you know the fascism was just a a version of socialism was national socialism The russians called themselves international socialists and by the way, they didn't call their government communists they called it the union of soviet socialist republics They didn't call it the union of soviet communist republics communism was the utopian ideal of marks Of carl marx that they they hoped to reach someday when their vana would be attained But in the meantime, they're all socialists and uh, when when the soviet union finally imploded gorbachev was going michael gorbachev was going to lithuania and And estonia and all these you know the uh possessions of the of the soviet union and he was telling them Go ahead and do whatever you want as long as it's consistent with socialism He didn't say consistent with communism. He said socialism. So they always consider themselves socialists not communists We call them communists in this country and the fascists all came from communism. For example, I quote, uh musulini here And so my critics will probably say don't read his book He quotes musulini, you know as a you know the implication being I quote him favorably, which uh, which I don't I also quote hitler in this book too um, here's something just one short quote from musulini and and uh His book fascism doctrine and institutions. I read his autobiography By the way, and musulini was once a he had a phd in philosophy political philosophy And he wrote an autobiography And it's kind of like if you gave a class of third graders the assignment to write an autobiography and put a title on it His the title he chose is my autobiography by by bonito musulini How imaginative you know phd and political philosophy and my autobiography so But this book of fascism The fascists knew who the enemy was the enemy was classical liberalism. That was the enemy. It was adam smith john lock You know all the all the all the early 20th century libertarians In in political philosophy and economics Here's what he said the fascist conception of life stresses the importance of the state and accepts the individual Only in so far as his interests coincide with the state It is opposed to classical liberalism. He literally said that which denied the state in the name of the individual Okay, so the opposed in particular. I have another long quote in there from one of uh, uh, musulini's uh theorists fascist theorists Who goes on and on? Denigrating what he called english liberalism English liberalism. What is that adam smith john lock? Uh, you know the whole philosophy of the um via scottish enlightenment That is a big part of liberalism And if you read uh, misi's book liberalism You'll find that the fascist like musulini that I quote here and and his other theorists fascist theorists They they very harshly criticize every element of what how misi's defines liberalism classical Liberalism in in uh in his book liberal liberalism, which is online by the way You could probably buy it out here in the bookstore But it's also online on on misi's.org. You can find it and so and so fascism always was a form of socialism Uh, if you look at what the german fascists did they nationalized about half of all german industry And the other half was so heavily regulated and controlled so that it operated for the state and not the individual That hayek wrote and wrote to serfdom that they sort of de facto nationalized the whole industry of industry All of german industry even though they had ostensibly private ownership of some of it It was so heavily controlled you had to produce what what uh, the nazis told you to produce and how to produce it And who to sell it to and and so on and so it was de facto nationalization And so how that ever came to be construed as capitalism You know, it's not really a wonder They lie, you know, they lied about it. It was nothing.  I'll give you one anecdote Uh, the kato institute did this study where they they picked out seven popular welfare pro federal welfare programs out of 126 just seven out of 126 and asked the question Well, uh, how much money is that state by state? And in the highest state, hawaii, it's 49 thousand dollars In the in the lowest welfare state, mississippi, it's 18 thousand dollars So in hawaii, that means if you're on welfare and you get $49,000 in money and in-kind benefits from the government for not for not working If you want to get off welfare, you'd need a job that would pay you what about 65 70 thousand dollars before taxes to make to get just to break even And so that's a pretty big incentive not to get off welfare And in mississippi, which has a much lower cost of living If you can make 18 000 by doing nothing Well, you'd have to make uh, you know Maybe 25 30 000 and if you have if you're a high school dropout or you you know have little skill That's going to be darn tough to get someone to pay you that kind of money So why would you ever do that especially if you have to have children? Well, why would you ever do that and and try it and so a lot of people don't so there's the work incentive effect There's a family breakup effect of Of welfare that has eliminated the stigma that once existed That men had when they abandoned their children And so as long as they get a government check that can let the mother and the children at least survive and get along It eliminated has eliminated the the stigma of that So there's been a 400 increase in out of wedlock birth since 1960 in the united states And I cite literature the research that shows, you know, some of the effects of that or The children, you know, we all know single mothers that have done a great job raising their children But in general, uh, the research says that uh, that such children or the girls are twice as likely To have out of wedlock children themselves, which could You know, since they're in poverty to begin with a lot of them Can make it very tough for them ever to get out of poverty and the boys are three times more likely to be involved in crime And in families like this and then those are just two of the Statistics that I threw out in the book and I also talk about the crowding unaffect of the welfare estate That displaces private charitable efforts that are usually much more effective in helping people who need help than government bureaucracies are and so, uh So that's point number eight about how the social well the the welfare estate actually harms the poor But it puts them right where the politicians want them as dependent on them To be you know, and the more the better the more the better Let's see. I have time for a can I might I get get through a couple of these point number nine Is uh, the progressive income tax is is social poison I would call it And again, you've you've all heard of the the the uh, probably the incentive effects of the progressive income tax That imposes progressively higher tax rates on the more productive people So the idea is to tax the more productive people in society Who earn who therefore are in higher income at a higher rate? And then use the money and to subsidize less productive or unproductive people and we're not talking about disabled people here We're talking about able-bodied Less productive people and that's called tax fairness That's that that's called tax fairness Take robbing robbing people who work hard and so forth So we have we have the phenomenon of the entrepreneur Who goes broke three or four times trying to become a successful business person and finally hits upon Uh a good product that that it succeeds and he makes a lot of money And so we what do we want to do with him? We want to tax his pants off We want to put him in the you know the 70 percent marginal tax bracket if we could someday And so or the or the novelist who writes three or four or five novels and makes no money and finally hits writes a tom clancy novel Okay, let's tax the daylights out of that person And I can I will never forget Years ago when I was at george george mason Uh, we had a guest lecturer from sweden I'll never forget this Female novelist from sweden who was who we were told was one of the most better known Novelists in sweden at the time and she had just moved to the united states And one of the faculty members there knew her somehow and brought her to to the economics department to give a talk And her talk Was that the the main reason she was moving to the united states is that she finally succeeded You know she struggled for years and didn't sell many and finally she had a couple of novels There were big sellers and her tax rate was 110 So if she made a hundred grand on a novel she owed a hundred and ten thousand dollars in tax And that's why she was living in fairfax virginia at the time We don't have anything like that in this country, but that's You know that's sort of the end game of the of what where progressive incomes taxation takes you But the most insidious part of the income tax in general I quote frank charter off who wrote this great book the income tax root of all evil Which is for sale out here. It's also online Charter of That when we adopted the income tax the government basically said We now own all of your income They nationalize income and we will tell you how much of your income You can keep by setting the tax rate So the income was nationalized and the federal government got a gigantic new Source of income, you know, there was no income tax in the original constitution And so what did that do that led to a tremendous centralization of power Because now the government had all this income a charter off rights for example during the civil war there was a lot of There's a lot of a lot of soldiers in the in the u.s. Army went a wall or or you know You know just what is left left the army, but Lincoln did not have the resources to hunt them down But the charter off rights, but after the income tax the u.s. Government does have the the resources to hunt down You know people who You know leave the army and things like that They also have the resources to bribe a lot of people giving them government grants and threatening the withdrawal of the grants If they don't behave in the way the government wants them to behave and that includes the state of local governments And so a charter off sees the income tax is something There was sort of the final nail in a coffin of american federalism or states rights And that it created this this tremendous centralization of power in the central government And centralized power is always the enemy of freedom And so and I so I look at the the income tax the progressive income tax much more broadly than just sort of the minor economic Work incentive effect at the income tax Okay, I had one more thing here But I think I'm going to quit at that point because I'm going to I'm going to raffle off a couple of books To by asking whoever is the first to ask to answer the question I will give a free book and it's kind of like on jeopardy, you know So you have to have your hand ready to go up real fast and answer the Um the first question to me you may or not know these. I don't know what I'll ask you What year was the road to serfdom published?  Okay Okay Okay Who was ludwig lachman? Nobody knows that That's not good enough. Okay, you got to be gonna have a book. Okay Where did charles barkley play college basketball, I think you had your hand up first Auburn university, okay Okay, well, that's it for now. That's my last book.


Hello friends, I am Sanjay Gupta. I welcome you on Sanjay Gupta Tech School. In this video, I am going to explain how you can print reverse of adding in C programming. So I will be explaining three different methods so that you can print reverse of adding. So these three methods will be related to C programming. Do watch the complete video so that you can get to know how we can use three different ways to print reverse of adding. Before starting just one update, if you go to a detailed description of this video, you can see various links of a playlist related to C programming. So you can follow them if you want to watch more programming later in the video. Now I'm going to explain method number one first. So first of all, I'm going to read one. So this is the declaration of adding along with one variable line. Now to read that vehicle from user, I'm going to print this message. Then I'm iterating a loop which will run 10 times and it will read 10 different numbers. And those numbers will be stored inside a right. So these three statements are for reading area from user. Now after reading all these 10 elements, now I'm going to tell you method number one, like how you can print those elements in reverse on. So let me first explain the meaning of reverse. So let's say this is an array and it is having these values and these are the indexes. So these are values and these are index. Now the output of this will be 20, then 19, then 18 and so on. So this means the words. So reverse means first we need to print the last element of array, then second last element and so on. So now after this reading, I'm going to print a message, reverse of any and after this message, I'm going to print each element starting from last. So I'm going to use a loop which will start from line. I'm going to start a loop which will start from line. Then its condition will be I greater than equals to no. And then I just write sorry, I minus minus. And then I'm going to write printf backslash and person D and here I can write E of I and closing off main function. So here you can see I'm starting from nine. So nine is this position. So value of I is nine, which is greater than equals to zero. So this printf will print A of nine. So A of nine means 20. So first 20 will be printed on output screen that I minus minus I will become eight. Check this condition. It is again true. So this time it will print value of eight index that is 19. So 19 will be printed on output screen. So this way this loop will go to zero because last index is zero. That's why I placed greater than equals to then value of I will be minus one. Then this loop. So this way you understood the method one that is printing all the elements of array in reverse. So in this method one, I can also change this loop so that it will start from zero and it will go to nine and still it will print the reverse. So I'm changing it starting with zero condition is I less than 10 and here I'm using I plus plus now see carefully what I'm going to do. I'm putting this A of nine minus I so see it carefully now I is zero at the beginning condition is less than 10, which is true. Now solve this nine minus I so I is zero. So first time it will become a nine. So a nine means 20 will be printed on output screen. Then I will be incremented to one. So next time a nine minus one. So it means it will provide A of eight. So A of eight is 19. So 19 will be printed on output screen. Then I will be incremented to two. So nine minus two will be seven. So this way with this expression, you are able to identify other indexes in reverse order so that we can print array in reverse order. So this way, along with method one, you can use two arrays. You can start it from zero to nine, or you can start it from nine and you can terminate it to three. So I hope you understood the method one. Now I'm going to explain method number two. So I'm removing these statements. So in method one, you saw that the value of array is still in the order which is provided by the user. We are just we just printed it in reverse order. We didn't change the elements order actually that is available inside the array. Now, if you want, 20 will be available at zero position, 19 will be available at one position and 11 will be available at last position, 12 will be available at second last position this way. So in that case, we can use method number two. So I am going to declare one more variable as array that is B. Now, here I'm going to write printf reverse of array that again for you. So it will be 10 times from zero to nine. Now I'm going to assign, I'm going to assign this zero index at last position of secondary. So let's say this is secondary, its name is B. So you will see 11 will go here, 11 will go here and this way it will be having reverse of A. So we need to store elements in B from A. So here we need to put indexes so that we can assign values. So we are starting from zero. So I'm putting A of I, right now this A of I means A of zero position will go to A sorry B nine. So here I'm putting nine minus. Now let's solve it. Initially I will be zero. So a zero position that is 11 will be assigning to be nine minus. So I is zero. So it means B nine. So B nine position will be having enough. Then I will be committed. I will be one. So a one that is 12 will be assigning to be eight because nine minus one I is one. So eight position will be having 12 next time I will become two. So A of two position is 13 and nine minus two is seven. So 13 will move here at seventh index of B. So this way we are copying individual elements of A area from the beginning and putting them into B area starting from R. So this way B area will be having all the elements in reverse on. So I'm closing this after completion of this. I can rotate one more starting from zero to 10. And this will print the elements which are stored in B area and I index. So after complete rotation, it will be having values like this. It will be having values like this. So A is having values in the order which is provided by the user B area is having all the elements in reverse order. So B is having reverse of A. Now I'm going to print B. So I is starting from zero. So B zero will print 20 then B one will print 19 then 18 and 17. So this way reverse of A will be printed on output. So this was method two. So in method one you saw the drawback we were just printing elements in reverse order on output screen. In actual memory we were not having reverse of A but in method two we are printing reverse of A on output screen as well as we have the reverse of A in memory as well. But here you can see we have two arrays. We have two arrays. So it means we are wasting memory if we are using the second. So this problem will be resolved by method three. So in case of method three, you will be having reverse of array printed on output screen as well as reverse of array in memory and you don't require any extra array. So what we will be doing, we will be doing reverse of this array in internally in memory. So I'm raising this and now I'm going to tell you how we will do that. So I'm removing this as well because now we don't require any additional array. So we will be having variable i and variable j. Now I'm going to explain requirement of method three what we are going to do. So we are going to swap elements. We are going to swap elements first and last will be swapped then second and second last third and third last fourth and fourth last and fifth and fifth last. All the elements will be swapped. So if we swap these elements, so 20 will be available here and 11 will move here. So this way we don't require any extra memory, any extra array and within the same array you will be having the reverse of array and then you can print that array on output screen. So this is my method number three. So now I'm going to implement the logic for this. Then I will explain how it will be working. So here I'm writing one loop that is starting from zero. Then I'm placing comma and putting j equals to nine. So see carefully here I'm using two variables for initialization purpose and I just provided comma in between not semicolon semicolon will come after this. Now I'm writing the condition. It is I less than j. So loop will repeat till I is less than the value of j. Then I am going to increase value of i comma. I'm going to decrease value of j. So again to increment or decrement operation. So I'm putting comma in between and before that I am using semicolon to remember that we can use multiple variables for initialization. We can use multiple variables for increment and decrement operation. Now here I'm going to swap values of these two locations. So I'm going to use one more variable as t and really variable. So here I'm writing this. So this way this loop will perform swapping of adding so that we can have reverse of it. So now be with me so that you can understand how this process will go. So initially I will be zero and j will be nine. Initially I will be zero and j will be nine. Check this condition. It is true. I is less than j. Perform this. So this is simple swapping operation. We using third variable. So the A of i will go to t, A of j will go to i and t will go to j. So it means I hope you already know how this swapping operation works. So 11 will be replaced with 20. This will happen with this logic. And if you want to know this as well. So I'm explaining this A of i. So initially A is zero. So A is zero was 11. So initially it was 11 and it was 20. So I'm going to explain this for first rotation only so that you can understand this. So A is zero is 11. So t will be 11. Now a j, j is nine. So a nine index is having 20. Which will go to a zero position. So a zero position will be 20. Now we need to assign t into a j. So a j is nine. A nine. So this position will be having 11. So this way we are swapping two elements with this one. Then i will be implemented to one and j will be decremented to eight. Check this condition. And I hope you understood what will be the next step. We are going to swap two elements. So element that is available at one index and available at eight index will be swapped. So one index is 12. Eight is 19. So this way it will swap. Then i will be two. J will be seven. So here it will be 18 and here 13. Then i3 and j will be six. So three is 40 and six is 17. So 17 will be here and 14 will be here. Then i4 and j5. Right. So 45 will disturb. So here 16 and then 15. Then i will be five and j will be six. So now check this condition. So it will be four because we need to decrease j. So j will be four. So now check this condition. I is five and j is four. So this condition is false. So in this situation, this loop will be terminated. And here you can see Eric is arranged in reverse order. So 2019, 18, 17, 16, 15, 14, 13, 12 and 11. All are arranged in reverse order. So we did only five rotation of loop. And with five rotation, we swapped 10. Because in one rotation, we are shifting position up to it. Right. And after this, you can print a message reverse of Eric. And then you can start from zero and nine. And with this loop, you can print the value of. And then you can close your main function. So this way this area will be printed on output screen with this loop in reverse order. So method three is explaining how we perform reverse in memory as well. And we printed reverse on output screen as well. So I hope you understood each method method one method two and method three. So each have their own advantages and projects. So there are three various methods so that you can print a reverse of Eric on output screen. So try all them in your laptop so that you can understand how they are working. And if you watch more programming related videos. So again, you can open my channel, go to playlist. There you will see various videos available. And you can also go to detail or description of this video where you will be having a playlist related to C programming. And I hope you understood whatever I explained in this video. So thank you for watching this video.


I think it started with just a feeling, it started with just a feeling of not being completely there, of feeling like we spoke about that pittish feeling in your stomach and just breaking down for no reason and truly just feeling completely lost and not understanding what was happening to me. And I think it was the intervention of my mother who was visiting me at that time and I think I lived with it for a while actually. I was filming a movie at that time and I had no idea what I was going through and I'd go to work every day. I'd literally have to pull myself out of bed and go to work and my mother just happened to visit me completely different context and the day she was leaving I remember breaking down and I was extremely surprised actually today when I think back at how aware she was of what I was going through and the first thing she did was to call a family friend and Anna Chandy who's a counsellor. But today when I think back and of course I was hesitant at that point because I wasn't aware of what I was going through and at the same time for me Anna is someone who's also family friend so I think that's where I sought comfort. But at the same time I don't know if I would have done the same thing if I didn't have sort of that comfort level but it was my mother who really sort of identified the symptoms and immediately called her up and in one phone conversation with Anna she sort of understood what I was going through but at the same time I think it's the way she dealt with me and with the situation at that point. She didn't raise any alarms. She made me feel like it was completely normal and okay and that we will get through this. And then of course you know with her and Dr. Sham Bhatt who you know have worked on me you know so I think initially I was also reluctant to take medication but I think at one point I was just extremely exhausted. I couldn't do it anymore and I think that's when I decided to sort of I said okay you know let me start medication let me accept this help that people are willing to give me and you know today there's a lot more awareness. I don't I don't think I can say that I'm completely over it but it's always a fear at the back of my mind that I might always have a relapse because it's been such a bad experience for me. What was the most I mean I remember you telling me that you felt that pit in your stomach you felt empty you felt directionless yeah that you would lock yourself in your vanity van and sometimes just cry and you did not know why you were crying that sometimes it helped to have people around but sometimes it was the exact opposite you know that sense of being closed in by a crowd when you're feeling isolated within yourself yeah it helped having people I was close to and familiar with it was comforting to have them around because then I could break down if I felt like and if I had questions or thoughts in my head I wouldn't hesitate to ask but at the same time if I was in front of the media or at an event which happened many many times that's when I'd feel a bit suffocated because I didn't want to break down in public and this is before I made up my mind to go public with with what I was dealing with today if that happens to me if I ever go back to that space and I hope I don't I don't think I think twice about exposing the way I feel and I think a large part of one's road to recovery is to accept what you're going through and to not challenge it but to embrace it and to actually allow your body and your mind to go through that experience and know that there is there is a road ahead that will get you out of all of this and it's not an individual I don't think I could have done it on my own I think it's very important to have that support system so while you know people credit me for coming out and speaking out I think it's equally important for caregivers to to acknowledge and for us to acknowledge that it's important for them to be with us on this journey we wake up today we read the papers every single day there's a headline and my heart takes because it's preventable it's absolutely preventable and I think a large part of also the stigma comes from the fact that in schools we talk about physical education we have physical education classes I had physical education in my school but we didn't have anything to talk about mental health not one session not a class not a it's not part of the curriculum so I think if we included that in the curriculum and we introduce just the idea of of the importance of mental health at a school level there will be no stigma because it's the same way as a child you're creating you're you're educating me about so many other things so educate me about the importance of mental health the same way we talk about the importance of physical health if I could share my story and if anyone in the world heard me and identified it what I went through and could come out of it or understand and you know if I could make a difference to at least one life I felt at that point I'd you know all of you know wing public speaking about it would be justified I also felt like the narrative around mental health in India needed to change and I can do that today the very reason why we're sitting here today because I felt like when I hadn't and like I said I was also working at that point I was like why why why can I not tell someone when someone asks me how am I doing like the the film that you just saw before we came in is I think what got to me was when people were asking me how we how are you doing and one day I thought are they really asking me how I'm doing do they actually have the time to listen if I said I'm not feeling okay will they actually give me that moment and understand what I'm going through or is it just superficial when we ask people how are you doing is it just superficial is it just you know formality because that's the way we've been brought up like just ask and yeah I'm fine oh great everything's great is everything really okay and I wasn't okay so I think that's what really got to me because I wasn't okay and it reached a stage where I was like why can't I just tell people that I'm not okay it was just that and you know and that's when I reached out and that's when I felt like I needed to talk about it I felt like because I felt bottled I felt caged I felt like I felt like I needed to fly or swim or just not be boxed and and to feel free and I feel so free today


Hello and welcome to Capacity Middle East Extra, powered by JSA. I'm Dean Perine, coming to you live from just outside the Almira ballroom in the foyer of the Grand Hyatt, Dubai. And I am here with Mr. David Tram. David, it is a pleasure to see you, as always, on JSA TV, powered by JSA. So, David, why don't you tell us a little bit about yourself and about what you do with Capacity? Yeah, definitely. So I'm a conference producer of Capacity Middle East 2023. And we've brought together a 70-plus speaker program as well, including those that are featuring at Capacity Middle East Extra, powered by JSA, of course. So it's been an absolute privilege to put together the content and networking program for the event as well, and to see a convergence of community, of regional, as well as international stakeholders, all come here at the Grand Hyatt in Dubai and in a wonderful setting, of course. Yeah, and I'll tell you what an event it is so far. And we are really just day one. Is it just day one? Because I have seen nothing but a constant flow of people in and out of the foyer since I sat down here just earlier this morning. But why don't you tell us a little bit about what your expectation is of the event? Because I can tell you this. I've been to a number of events already this year, and this is one of the biggest I bet. Yeah, I think expectations were really quite high, actually, back of a really successful 2022 event as well. And we felt that we'll build a factor around the event as we return from the pandemic. This is a meetings-orientated event as well, with a strong component of content in terms of that intersection as the Middle East, as that kind of meeting in the middle between the East meets West philosophy. So interconnectivity is an absolutely important part of the Middle East ecosystem. And that's kind of the reason why they're here today, really, to form partnerships, to develop digital ecosystems. And yeah, that's been a really, really short part of that. So do we have a read on the actual numbers so far of the event? Do you have some numbers to share with us? Yeah, I just got a quick one there. So we've got 2,271 attendees, 82 stands, 106 meeting rooms. David, that's fantastic. 17 meeting tables and 12 premium meeting lounges. It just means that there's so many points of presence around the event in which you can have those meetings, have those important discussions. From a branding perspective, from those taking part, they really get the chance to sell their products and solutions to the customers that really matter to them. Yeah, and such a variety too of sponsors at the event. Everything from the network people, the equipment manufacturers, they're all here.  Give us a peek around the next corner. Yeah, definitely. So Subsea, for instance, we're doing a Subsea Middle Easter program that's going to be kicking off tomorrow. Take place from 9.30 in the morning, GST. And we've also got the data cloud track, which was a really successful part, the data cloud Middle East track, which started on Monday and is going to be continuing into Wednesday as well, where we're going to be hosting it, where you're going to be chairing the cloud and working for it as well in the late afternoon of tomorrow. And we've got a really, really good lineup of sessions as well. Today's program has been really, really successful as well. We had big keynote panels taken part as well to talk about that digital ecosystem and how Middle East plays a real central part in all of this. So lots have come as well. And we've also got a, we're also working with the ITW-GOF to the Global Leaders Forum to hold a student day event on Thursday as well. So we're really excited about that, working with regional supporters of the events to hold that and bring some students to it as well. So there's a little bit for everyone, basically. A little bit for everyone. And I am, frankly, I'm very honored to have been asked to moderate the panel tomorrow.  Yeah, I mean, party thoughts as well. Just come and see our conference program as well. Take part in our networking functions as well. We've got an evening reception event that's taking place tonight as well. And go to the exhibition stands as well and meet with partners as well because they'd love to meet you. And I think whatever type of meeting that you have, whether if it's a small event, the binary event, this is a chance to have those kind of like serendipitous kind of meetings. I love it. And I think it's all about having those kind of like lucky meetings that you just never know, just meet people. Well, you put the right people in the room and good things are gonna happen. So David, thank you so much for being with us on the Middle East capacity live stream powered by JSA. We appreciate it. Yeah, thanks very much, Dean. You bet. And thank you viewers for tuning in to capacity Middle East extra powered by JSA.


What's up everybody? Welcome to One Take. I'm Gil. I'm Alon. And we've got a whole bunch of news stories to talk about in the entertainment world today. First off, a little movie about a spider. Not talking about Spider-Man, talking about Black Widow, which is a type of spider, right? It's true, yeah. I feel like most people don't think about that when they think of Black Widow. That's why you tune into One Take because we connect the dots. We make connections that other people don't make. Alon, what do you know about the Black Widow film? I know it's going to be a prequel. Right, and that's actually the news for today. We've got a little bit of light shed on the prequel and what Kevin Feige is thinking for the Black Widow solo film. And I should warn, up front, there are going to be some spoilers for Avengers Endgame. But you've all seen that by now, right? I hope so. You've seen it, right? Oh yeah. Midnight showing, we saw it. So Kevin Feige was being interviewed by I09 and he had this to say about the Black Widow movie. There's always a method and doing things in an unexpected way is something we find fun. There are ways to do prequels that are less informative or answer questions you didn't necessarily have. And then there are ways to do prequels where you learn all sorts of things you never knew before. And then in case you were like, what's a prequel? He gives you an example. I look at Better Call Saul as a wonderful example of a prequel that almost completely stands on its own apart from Breaking Bad because it informs you about so many things you didn't know about before. So time will tell which way we've gone with the supposed Black Widow movie. I'm not sure how much I learned from that. It's almost like it's more confusing now, especially the way he ends it, with a supposed Black Widow movie. We know you're making a Black Widow movie. It's filming right now. Maybe he was just describing prequels and he was like, oh yeah, we're making a prequel. Suppose there was a Black Widow film. So my main question for you, we don't know anything about this movie. I guess two questions. One, do you care about this movie? Yeah, I do. See, that's one thing I struggle with and this is where we get into the spoilers. The fact that she died in Endgame, does that at all make you say, I'm done with her story? Well, I care about the story. You know you watch a movie for the journey, not necessarily the ending. So I think I can still enjoy it knowing where she ultimately ends up in her life. You know everybody dies at some point. That's true. Spoiler alert! Do you have any speculation on what this movie is going to be about? I have a feeling it'll have something to do with Budapest since Hawkeye and Black Widow referenced it multiple times throughout the Avengers series. I'd always say, this reminds me of back in Budapest. We're not in Budapest anymore. So we might see some of that. We also might see in Avengers Age of Ultron. There were all the flashbacks to when she was a kid. True.  No. No, she's trained to be like a super-spot from a young age. Like Ender's Game. Right, exactly. Or Soldier. Right. Soldier. That was a good movie. I don't know if it was good, but I enjoyed it. We watched it when we were like seven. Yeah. So they could go that route too. That could be cool. Yeah. Kind of like a story of her life kind of thing. Right. And the reference to Better Call Saul. Could he be subtly hinting that this will be both prequel and sequel? Maybe he's hinting this is in the Better Call Saul slash Breaking Bad universe. If he had just said that, I would be all in. Just out of curiosity. Yeah. It's probably not going to happen though. No, I'd be highly doubtful. That's even less likely than Venom showing up in a Spider-Man movie. One day we'll get that. Kevin Feige actually said it's very likely. Well, I mean it should be very likely. He's like the most popular villain in Spider-Man. But it was when he said that it was in the context of somebody asked him the question and he said, well Sony owns both of those. So I mean I don't know what they're doing with it. Like it seems pretty likely. So it seems like he was speculating the same way that you or I would. Alright, so probably not a whole lot more to say about the Black Widow movie. We just don't know anything about it. You're interested. Yeah. I mean I'm not like remarking your calendar. I can't wait for this Black Widow movie. It's going to be based on the trailer at this point whenever that comes out. Right now I'm intrigued. I'm not like I can't wait. Right. Are there any movies you're looking forward to? Just like Engage. I mean Spider-Man, if they announced a new Spider-Man like back in the day I would be like looking at my calendar. Like now I know there's a new Spider-Man movie coming out and I'm looking forward to it. Right. It's not the same now. We'll see. Were you part of the, there was a swirl of rumors earlier this week where somebody at Forget Who associated with Marvel tweeted the number four, an image drawn with webbing. You're never going to believe what's coming. I did not think it was the next Sam Raimi Spider-Man. Well to be fair people didn't think they were making a fourth Sam Raimi Spider-Man but they thought that they were going to do a comic book adaptation. Right. Which I probably wouldn't have been that excited for that. So do we know what it is yet? I actually don't think so. Oh no so the next day they released a three. It's a countdown. Yeah but who starts the countdown from four unless there's a reason. You think they were trolling? Like they wanted people to think that it was a Spider-Man four? I mean I'm sure they thought some people would think that. But it's not why they did it. I do, I think we will see Toby McGuire Spider-Man in the next Spider-Verse movie. Cameo appearance. Maybe we'll get a live action Spider-Verse movie eventually. Maybe, I think that's a ways down the road. Tom Holland said he would love to do that. You know when that's going to happen? Right now they're doing all the photorealistic adaptations of the old Disney cartoons. New Lion King, Aladdin. Eventually they're going to start doing that for other movies too. So we'll get the Spider-Verse live action 20 years from now. And they resurrect Toby McGuire. Not that I think Toby McGuire is going to die by then. Resurrect his character. Right. Although his character didn't die either. Okay, so that's Marvel. That's the Marvel corner of the world. Let's go to somewhere a little darker, a little bit more mature. Halloween. The Halloween remake 2018 I think it came out. We both saw that. Pretty good, right? Yeah, it was a good movie. We weren't even really fans of the original. We saw it then really hold it in very high regard. But we love Halloween. The holiday. Love the holiday. My favorite holiday. Right. So we knew they were making a sequel. They shed a little bit more light on that today. They're targeting a 2020 release. The writer of the original or the director of the original movie seems pretty likely he's going to come back. The main actress whose name currently escapes me. But she played Laurie Strode, the main character. You knew it like five minutes ago. Yeah, I know. We went too far down the rabbit hole of Black Widow Spider-Man. It got me all confused now. Jamie Lee Curtis. That's right. Wow. I'm impressed you knew that. Nice man. So it seems likely she's going to come back. I should say spoilers for the Halloween 2018 sequel starting now. So I'm surprised that she's coming back. I would have thought if you were doing a sequel to this, you sort of closed out the story on that character. I don't know. Same question as the Black Widow one. Do you care about this? A little less than I care about the Black Widow movie, but I'm interested. Intrigued. It depends. I mean, I guess it's the same answer for all of these. It's well made if it's good. I feel like I need to see more. I need to see some reviews. There's very few movies I'm just all in for. I think I've gotten, I've been disappointed too many times that now I need to see more info. I need to see reviews before I get too worked up about it.  I would love for a good Terminator movie, but I'm not going to let myself care too much unless it actually turns out to be a great movie based on enough reviews. So one thing I wonder about, last Halloween it worked because they basically, or part of the reason it worked is they ignored the 10 sequels to the original. And that gets rid of some of the ridiculousness factor, which is how many times are they going to defeat Mike Myers, only for him to come back. How are they going to avoid that problem with this sequel? Do you think it is avoidable? So, I'm just speculating, but the feeling I get is like they're trying to be more realistic about it this time around. Like what ended up, he was in the basement caught on fire, right? Right, he was in the basement. The implication is that he got killed. Exactly, yeah. But they didn't show a body, so I think everybody walked out thinking he was coming back. I mean, if he comes back from that, it's still more believable than some other horror movies where they, like clearly that person should be dead and then somehow they come back in the next movie. Jason, Friday the 13th, at one point they literally captured him, cut his body part into pieces and put each piece in a separate jar, started possessing people's bodies and killing people. But there was no supernatural element implied originally in the movie, right? No. So if that supernatural element existed from the beginning, okay, fine. But in Halloween, there's no supernatural element as far as we know. So I think that would be a cop-out to do something like that. If he's severely burned, fine. I'm okay with it for the movie. But if they stabbed him in the head and threw the heart and then he came back, then I'd have trouble with that. Stab him in the head and take his heart out. Yeah, this is another one. The only way, right now I'm super skeptical of this movie, but I don't know if they have some twist we haven't thought of or some angle to make this interesting, not just from a plot standpoint of how does Mike Myers come back. I can buy that. He survived. But how are they going to make it interesting from a character standpoint? I mean, the second movie, or the sequel, so much of it was about Lori's character moving on, finding closure and all that. So we'll wait to see. Now the thing they could do, which would make me super interested, did you know that the original Halloween series was meant to be an anthology series? No. And in fact, I think the second one they brought back Mike Myers just because of the popularity, the third one they tried to do a totally unrelated Halloween story. I think it was called Season of the Witch, where this toy manufacturer was making all these masks, and then it turned out that all the kids wearing those masks on Halloween night, they were going to play some song like, Halloween, Halloween. Then all the kids' faces turned into bugs and stuff. So I guess there is a supernatural element in the Halloween series. Right, but then they jettisoned that and brought Mike Myers back. What was that word? Jettisoned. Wow. I mean, I can tell from context, but... You can figure out what it means. That's a good word. If they announced that this next Halloween movie would involve a crossover of Mike Myers and the crazy masks like the Kill Kids, then I'd be interested. Listen, I'm okay with a random supernatural. If it's a good movie. Well, that could be technology. Ah. Right? Yeah. Kind of like Child's Play. What's his name? Chuckie? Yeah, Chuckie.  Yeah. Now he's just a robot. Yeah, I guess the bugs could be like nanobots or something. Nanobugs? Nanobugs. Or they could be actual bugs that are just embedded in the mask. That's true. Frozen until that song activates the heat. You know what? I'm going to stop talking because I'm going to write this movie. Star Wars. You care about this movie? Man, I don't know. My answer is the same for everything. Yeah, you're just too jaded. I mean, are you? What about you? I'm intrigued. Okay, so same as me. Okay, so Star Wars Episode 9. I think everybody knew. Spoilers for Star Wars The Last Jedi. All right. We all knew that in one way or another Mark Hamill would come back. Right.  Some weird form? Is it going to be a force ghost? I pretty much assumed it was going to be a force ghost. I mean, yeah, based on previous movies. So he seems to have confirmed that in Associated Press interviewing him. And they asked him, is this really going to be your last Star Wars appearance? And he said, I sure hope so. So he's continuing his trend of bad-mouthing Star Wars constantly. They asked him why. And he said, well, because I had closure in that last one. The fact. Kind of sounds like him. That's what I was going for. All right, keep going. Because we could cut in the audio, but I'd rather just do an impression. Okay. The fact that I'm involved in any capacity is only because of that peculiar aspect of the Star Wars mythology. Where if you're a Jedi, you get to come back and make a curtain call as a force ghost. Yeah, so I guess I don't really have a whole lot to say about that. I assumed it was going to be a force ghost. He seems to have sort of confirmed it. I don't know. Do you think it's going to be in the same capacity as Obi-Wan or the other force ghosts we've seen where it's just show up, give some advice, disappear? I don't know. I mean, you're basically asking me to just make a prediction. I kind of want to just see you write. I want to hear your own version of what the next Star Wars would be. What are you hoping for? Or at this point, are you just so disconnected from the Star Wars world?  I mean, I would like to see heavy involvement, even if it is as a ghost just kind of guiding Rey throughout. I don't want it to just be like a few seconds in the movie. Because I feel like we didn't get enough of him in the other two movies. Here's a question. You said guiding Rey. What if he shows up to Kylo? You did say to him, I think, at the end of the last movie, something like, see you around, kid. It wasn't that, but it was like, if you strike me down, I'm going to bother you forever. Do you think this movie will just be about Luke haunting Kylo Ren? Kylo is like, leave me alone. No. Use the Force. That would be interesting. Like a horror movie set in the Star Wars universe. I would love to see that. I bet we will see that eventually. It reminds me of that X-Men one. I forget. Remember, New Mutants? Yeah. Is that what that was? That still hasn't been released. And they asked, you know, forget her name, the actress who plays Arya. I know this. Not Sophia Turner by the other one. Right. The other one. They asked her about that. And she was like, I don't know. But maybe now that you're asking me, somebody will read this article and tell me when they're going to finally release that movie. So I guess they were planning to do a bunch of reshoots on the film to try and make it scarier. And then Disney bought Fox. And now it's kind of stuck in this weird limbo. Isn't it weird that probably the last X-Men movie in this franchise is going to be New Mutants? Yeah, that's kind of weird. We'll save that for when we talk about X-Men though. Logan would have been a good last movie. Yeah. You know, coming from Fox. Yeah, agreed. Because it basically concluded the whole storyline. And then they would have ended on a good X-Men movie. They would have ended on a strong note. Hey, to be fair, we haven't seen Dark Phoenix. We might love it. This might be the one exception where the critics all hate it. And then we like it. Do we know the audience score on Rotten Tomatoes? No, I haven't checked. I haven't checked. We'll check that in a minute. But we'll just close out. Yeah, Star Wars. Probably a Force Ghost. I don't think Episode 9 is going to be a horror movie. Me neither. But if they announced a Star Wars horror movie, I'd be all in. And I think it's possible because they're starting to explore doing these other trilogies, these side movies could happen one day. Avengers is a video game coming out. This is your domain now. I don't really know about video games. I mean, it's an Avengers video game. We haven't seen any gameplay. Yeah. It looks like they basically just made a video of the Avengers fighting some unknown bad guy in the city. A bridge explodes. Right. All the characters look like slightly tweaked versions of the actors in the movie. Yeah, which gives a really uncanny feel, uncanny valley feel to the trailer, because it's like that's kind of like a weird looking Robert Downey Jr. I mean, it looks fine. It doesn't tell me anything about the game, the gameplay. So like everything else, I have to wait and see. I'll say this. I mean, I had a pretty negative reaction to the trailer they showed. Yeah. Yeah, not a huge gamer, but even I recognize the fact that they basically showed us no gameplay. So I have no idea what kind of a game is it. Is it an action game? Is it an RPG game? I will say I imagine that most superhero movie games coming out are probably going to take a hint from Insomniac's Spider-Man game, because that is pretty much looked at as maybe the best superhero video game. Yeah. So I have a feeling they'll probably try to emulate a lot of the mechanics in that game. They have hinted at being able to build your own roster of Avengers, picking which heroes are on the team. They implied that there's online play, so I don't know what that will look like. Sounds like you know more than me about the game. Yeah, I've written up a little bit. But my negative reaction to the trailer, OK, A, did you see any gameplay? B, the voice acting felt like it left something to be desired. Yeah, I mean, it's a video game. It doesn't need to have the best voice acting. So it's almost like instead of showcasing the acting and the cinematics, you should have focused on the gameplay side of it. Maybe they're not confident in that. Or maybe they're still working on it. It's not coming out for a while. I don't know if we even know when it's coming out. Also the storyline, I want to say. Major death in the trailer. Captain America. And it was, I couldn't even tell what was going on. It was like a ship crashed. And I guess he was on that ship. It's not a very heroic or interesting death for him. Were they trying to imply that's how he died? Oh, I just assumed so. As you see a ship crash into the water, maybe there was an explosion and then it's like cut to Captain America's funeral.  Let's say one really good thing about the trailer though. Just so it's not totally negative. When Hulk is holding up the car or tank or whatever, kicks that guy away. That was a good moment. I hope that's a mechanic in the game. I hope you're able to lift cars and kick at the same time. Not just like a time button. Press A now to kick the guy. I hope you could just do that as much as you want.  Is that even a key anymore in any video game controller? Yes, Xbox. How about on the Switch? The Switch is weird. One of the Joy-Cons has letters, X, Y, A, B, and the other one just has arrows. If you ever have a game where you're just holding one of them and you have to tell the other person what to press, you have to be like press the right button instead of like press A. Press A or the left arrow key to kick the guy. Exactly. On to a more exciting video game. What am I talking about? Another game where we saw no gameplay, but we already know what to expect. Zelda, Breath of the Wild sequel. Have they said, or is it just clear from the trailer that this is a direct sequel to Breath of the Wild? First of all, during the trailer, it very clearly uses similar assets and the same character models and everything, but right at the end of the trailer, it says the Zelda, Breath of the Wild sequel is in development, so there's no question about it. That's a direct sequel. So tell me everything that was revealed in the trailer. Have they revealed anything outside the trailer, or did they tell us anything about it, or was it just the trailer they showed? The only thing they've really said is that they had so many ideas for DLCs. You know what DLC is? Downloadable content. Which is basically expansion packs from back in the day. Like Brood War. Starcraft. Or Board of Destruction. Yeah. So they said they had so many ideas, they decided they have to make a full-blown sequel to house them all. So in the trailer, it starts out with this kind of swirly blue light aura, I guess, and there was some suspicion from people dissecting the trailer that these are letters in the in-game language, and someone actually managed to translate a part of it said Seal Ganon. Like S-E-A-L. Like lock them up. Exactly. Which makes sense, because as Link and Zelda walk through these caverns, they actually stumble upon this corpse that, based on some context cues, you can tell is Ganondorf. Is Ganondorf... I know Ganondorf has been a villain in a bunch of Zelda games. Was he the villain in Breath of the Wild? No, actually. So it's weird. It's the same bad guy Ganon, but Ganondorf is just Ganon taking the form of this human. Well, that human is... Humanoid? Well, he is human. Garudo. Okay. I got to read up on Zelda mythology. Yeah, so... What was I saying? So Ganondorf was not in Breath of the Wild. Right. There's this weird creature called Calamity Ganon. Oh, okay. Yeah.  So, you know, people are inferring that in this direct sequel, you'll actually fight Ganondorf. And maybe Calamity Ganon was another kind of like phantom, puppet, bad guy, and now we've found the actual source of the evil. Okay, okay. Cool. So this is probably the only thing we brought up this show where you're not just intrigued. You're excited about this, right? Yeah, absolutely. And they've given no hints as to when this is coming out. No, but we assume it will not take as long as it took to get Breath of the Wild out since they're using the same engine that they built for Breath of the Wild. That was a whole new game engine they built from scratch. Well, on that point, that was originally developed for Wii U. Right. And then they came out with it on the Switch. Right. So wouldn't we have hoped to hear that they're developing a new engine optimized for the Switch? Or is that bad news? Well, I mean, I think the main difference between the two systems is just the power, the graphics processing power, that kind of thing. So, you know, the code base, I imagine, isn't much different. Gotcha. Yeah. Okay, I was trying to sound smart. No, Nintendo seems to like to keep things simple. Yeah. Which is, you know, seems to work for them. Right, right. Cool. So even though I didn't even play Breath of the Wild, I'm excited to sit on the couch and watch you play the sequel so I can see where this all goes. Maybe you could do some reaction. Let's play. We can do a let's play, right? Yeah. Cool. Okay. So, we mentioned it earlier. We've got to talk about the elephant in the room. There's a new X-Men movie out. Oh. I'm a big comic book fan. This is the premier place to go to hear about movies. And we haven't even seen it, Dark Phoenix. Right. So my question, a few questions. Number one, do you think you'll ever see this movie? No. I don't think I will. And why is that? Or put another way, when did you stop caring about the X-Men? Well, let me tell you the last time I did care. Well, Logan. But before that, X-Men first class, they rebooted it. I thought they did a great job with that movie. And I felt like it was in good hands. And then what was the one after first class? Days of Future Past. Right. So that, it was, if I recall, it was okay. And then after that, Apocalypse came out. That was the last chance I gave it. Yeah. I thought that was just horrendous. Yeah. So. Well, and then on top of that, Logan came out around the same time, which was not just the best X-Men movie, but in its own right, an incredible film. Yeah. Which also was a, it felt like a conclusion to the X-Men story. So now you're done with the X-Men story.  And Apocalypse had come out. I've already sort of stopped caring about the first class reboot version of X-Men and then Dark Phoenix. So from Logan, spoilers, you know, in Logan, they basically explained that all mutants are killed, right?  Well, yeah. You know how I am. As soon as I know a character is going to die, like Black Widow, I just stopped caring entirely. And X-Men is a little different though because we've seen them play with the timeline. Yeah. So I watched Logan and I think this is a possible timeline. And somehow in my head, I can break it up and say. Although isn't Avengers the same where they could play with the timeline? They haven't really done that very much though. I mean, even in Endgame they did, but they did it in a little bit of a different way, right?  And the Gamora was killed for the Soul Stone and she came back. Yeah, but that's a different Gamora. They can't get back the other Gamora. Well, they could. So that could be the Black Widow movie. A different dimension. Yeah. All right. Maybe. Fine. Yeah. So I think we're pretty much done with this iteration of X-Men. Everybody keeps talking about it as if Dark Phoenix was the last one from Fox. That's never been officially stated. And even that, there's the caveat we mentioned earlier. New Mutants will be released in one form or another. I'm skeptical as to whether or not it's going to get released in theaters. I could see them dropping in on Netflix or Hulu or something. We'll see. But, you know, putting that aside, Dark Phoenix is the end. It hasn't been confirmed, but it seems pretty likely considering Disney now has control of X-Men again. Yeah. I mean, also considering how it bombed. Maybe they would want to make another one anytime soon. Yeah. Bombed at the box office, bombed critically. The word of mouth on it has just been horrendous.  If people were saying it was great, I would definitely go see it and I would care about it. All right. So all of that context could have been where we say, oh, I don't really care about X-Men anymore as a series. That can all be undone by just making a great movie. So Disney Marvel now has control over the X-Men again. How do you think they get reintroduced, rebooted? What happens next? It's a good question. You know, I imagine they'll have, maybe there's some mutants that have been kind of under, not literally underground, but, you know, like under the radar, they've been keeping it a secret. Maybe, maybe there's like a bad guy mutant that starts working havoc. Maybe it's someone that just became a mutant. And I know that normally you're born, or no. I think they use it to manifest later. Right. Your powers. Yeah. So maybe they're starting to manifest. I think we're going to, we're going to see it from the beginning, the introduction of the mutants, but they're going to somehow figure out how to make it all happening now after all the events of, you know, the MCU so far. But when you say the beginning, you don't mean, so are you saying that the X-Men, the mutants have existed but kind of underground, and when you say beginning, you mean they're becoming public? Or you mean the mutations are starting now? Maybe it's going to be a combination of the two. So some mutants have been around for a while, but they haven't been in the public eye. Yeah. And then something happens, which draws them out into the public, which is kind of the way they introduce, there's a precedent for that because Spider-Man was sort of introduced that way, where Tony Stark all of a sudden was like, yeah, I know about a kid in Queens. Yeah. So he'd been around for a little bit already. Yeah. Although considering how many X-Men there are, it would be a little harder to explain. Yeah. But I think they'll figure out a way. But you think it's a done deal that the current cast, they're done? I think so. Except you cannot get rid of Ryan Reynolds' Deadpool, right? No. They're keeping him. I mean, the movie only exists because of him. Yeah, exactly. And he's also an easy character to deal with that whole issue because he can break the fourth wall. I mean, the only character I think the general public is like committed to is Hugh Jackman as Wolverine. And I don't think he's coming back. So I mean, I don't think anyone is really too committed to any of the current characters. Except for Deadpool. Except for Deadpool. Right. But he's not in the X-Men movie anyways. True. So I agree with everything you said. I do think they're going to be introduced just as either mutations are just starting or they've been around, but they've been in secret. Which you could explain even though there are a bunch of them because they might just say, we don't want to be out in the public. We're afraid of what that would, what, you know, that the people would be afraid of us. So they've intentionally kept it secret. I could see them doing that. I also think they're not going to be introduced in an X-Men movie. I bet they hint at it in other movies first. In fact, I don't know why, but I have a feeling that they're going to be introduced in the next Spider-Man movie, not far from home. Really? I just think it up. Because if you think about the sorts of issues that X-Men deal with, a lot of times they'll focus on younger characters where they're dealing with the struggles of, you know, not being accepted by their parents because they're a mutant, not being accepted by their peers, feeling like an outsider. That theme to me feels like it fits in really well with Spider-Man. So I could see a mutant character being introduced there becomes friends with Barbara. Let me ask you this. Haven't they already introduced two characters? Quicksilver and Scarlet Witch. Yeah, technically they are both the son and daughter of Magneto and their mutants. But at the time they were introduced in The Avengers, Disney was allowed to use the characters but were not allowed to reference the fact that they're mutants. So they made up a different origin story. It's like Russian experiments or something. Okay. So technically you're right, but they've rewritten the origins for those characters. So maybe they'll introduce a new Quicksilver, the mutant version of him. Let me throw out one more curveball. We know that Spider-Man, far from home, introduces the concept of the multiverse, right? At least in the trailers it's implied or it's stated explicitly that what's his name? The guy at the fishbowl? Head? Mysterio. Mysterio comes from another world. Could the X-Men, the current cast, crossover from the Fox dimension into the Disney MCU? They could if there really is a multiverse because there is a working theory that Mysterio is lying about coming from another universe. Which is exactly the sort of thing Mysterio would do. I would find that, to be honest, I'd find that kind of disappointing. I wouldn't mind if he was lying, but I want the multiverse. Well, we already know that you can travel between different timelines which are essentially parallel universes. But they're the same though. They're really different once you go there and alter the timeline. True, but they've already created a bunch, right? Yeah, that's true, but they're not interesting. It's not like, oh, in this universe there's mutants. It's more like, oh, in this universe the hammer was over here instead of over there. That's true. Yeah. Well, I was going to say because of those events now would be a good opportunity for Mysterio to claim he comes from another one now that people believe in other... But you know what? I'm going to poke at that theory a little bit. Does he convince people he's from another universe?  Everyone from my universe has a fishbowl in their head. Yeah, you're right. That's it. That would convince me. There you go. At least based off the level of intelligence he showed in Captain Marvel, I was going to say, look at this dome! Man, they really dumbed him down in that movie. Yeah, he was a lot younger. Yeah, right. Yeah. And bruising his eye was the source of his power. Apparently. What power? Intelligence. All right. Oh, there is one more news story. What? I'll give you a hint. I'm a dude. He's a dude. And knew all that. She's a dude. All that's back! Yeah. We watched the first episode. We did. I felt kind of weird watching it because I was clearly not the target demographic. Yeah. I try to remember back when I was a kid was all that, like, that childish. Probably was. Probably was. Yeah. But we cracked a smile at least once or twice. Yeah. I mean, even the worst comedy is going to have a couple funny moments. So let's do a quick review of all that. No, I'll just shout out. Two parts that we thought were funny. The girl that destroys everything. Destroy! And she just breaks stuff. That was hilarious. I love stuff. Getting broken is great. Good burger. Good burger made me laugh. It's nice to see Kelback. Glad she's doing all right. And I'm sure, I'll say this, if they make a good burger too, I don't know, actually. I don't know. It would be fun. You and I, we go grab a couple of orange sodas. I would see it. Yeah, I would for sure see it. That movie, I don't care what the reviews are. Yeah. I would see it. Okay. The closing thoughts here. Would you rather see good burger too or Keenan and Kel the movie? Huh. Well, basically the same thing. I would see good burger too. We're more invested in the characters. Exactly. I've always wanted a sequel. Well, I stopped caring, but when I was a kid, I wanted a sequel. I didn't know I wanted one until you just mentioned it. In an interview, Keenan and Kel were asked if they would do a sequel. And they said, yeah, man, we just need the money. If someone pays for it, we'll do it. So, all right, let's start a Kickstarter. All right. Go fund me. I'm down. All right. Well, that's been one take everybody. Thanks for watching. And if you enjoyed this video, make sure to subscribe to our channel and hit the little bell icon so you get notifications whenever we make movies and videos like this one. Thanks for watching.


The workshop is very useful to gain a better understanding about the aspiration of ASEAN to try to come up with a common visa using or learning from the experience of the Shingon Common Visa. I learn a lot and I think it's very productive and we need to keep up with the momentum. One of the things I like to see in the final report particularly on the recommendation is the language say that we recommend that ASEAN should do this common visa as soon as possible with the condition that this will be a regional well-coordinated, well-cooperated effort. Together we can promote ASEAN in a bigger way. I'm sure that common visa will bring about economic prosperity to each individual ASEAN member state. I think it's very important Interpol is good without saying Interpol has been known to be an institution that deals with security issues, cross-border immigration and so on and so forth. So having Interpol in the region is very useful because Interpol can also help ASEAN rectify some of the shortfall related to irregular immigration or cross-border terrorism and so on and so forth. So having Interpol in the region is definitely a big plus to the region.