Welcome everybody. Welcome to this year's Sopita Parker Awards for Spoken Business Japanese. My name's Luke Dillon. I'm the director of the language centre at SOWAS here and I'll be the master of ceremonies for this part of today's event. First things first, if I could ask anyone who has mobile phones or mobile devices if they could please switch them off. The finalist speeches will be commencing in approximately five minutes and will be lasting until about 5.30. And then we will be having the awards ceremony from 6pm till 7pm. And then the reception will be on the ground floor of the Brunai Gallery, which is just upstairs from 7 o'clock till 8.30. Who is who with all people here? Everyone that has coloured labels on their badges. Red represents sponsors and supporters. Blue is a judge or interlocutor and timekeeper. Green is finalists and yellow are staff like me. Our finalists for this year are Mr Ji-Hang Wang from the Nissan Institute of Japanese Studies on Back to the Heartland Business Opportunities in Central Asia for Japan and Europe. Mr Ben Jones from BJ Translation Limited interpreting Japanese English business discussions. Mrs Xiang Hong Lau from Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation Europe Limited on the gender gap in Japanese companies is Japan back on track to achieve gender equality of sustainable development goals STGs by 2030. And Mr Robert Maricini from the University of Bucharest who unfortunately due to ill health is unable to attend today but he would have been talking on the corporate diplomacy in a diverse political landscape. And we have Mr Victor Char from Beat Chain. We'll be talking on the power of gratitude more than just good manners. Mr Viv Paranjope from In Conversation Media Limited we're talking on like sugar and milk immigration and integration. Mr Sami Narainan from Jagex Game Studio improving the image of Japanese work life. And finally Mr Bruce Kirk Anglow Academic talking on the rule of the slipper for foreign companies in Japan. Our special guest today will be his excellency Yasumasa Nagamini, the ambassador of Japan to the UK and of course Sir Alan Parker, the chairman of the Brunswick Group LLP. The judges of the panel are Mr Takashi Ito who will be the chief judge from the Embassy of Japan. Mr Miss Mitsui Uchida Finch Access Appointments Consultancy Limited. Mr Takaki Hanaioka Japanese Chamber of Commerce and Industry in the UK. Mr Hans York Hinkle Mitsubishi Electric. Mr Isayokano Mitsubishi Corporation International Europe PLC. Dr Yoshikatsu Shinazawa from Soes University of London here. Mr Masatoshi Takayuchi from Japan Airlines Company Limited. The interlocutors will be Mrs Keiko Cummings from Japan Seats UK Limited. Mr Setsuo Keito from Keito Media. And a timekeeper will be Mr Tamoya Yamaguchi also from Soes University London and myself the master of ceremony Mr Lugdalen from the Language Centre. The prizes are for the first prize, the Winner's Cup, special 30th anniversary plate designed and made by Mrs Jill Fanshawe Keito, a mileage bank of 70,000 miles donated by Japan Airlines, £1,500 in cash donated by Mitsubishi Electric, Japan Rail Pass and Doraemon Cushion donated by Japan Centre, a meal voucher for two at Temprer Restaurant donated by Temprer Ono, Hachabori Tokyo, Japanese Sweets donated by Minamoto Kichewan Company Limited, Zoom Japan subscription for one year donated by Zoom Japan. The second prize will be for a £1,000 gift voucher donated by Mitsubishi Corporation International Europe PLC, a meal voucher for two at Temprer Restaurant, a Doraemon Cushion donated by Japan Centre, Japanese Sweets donated by Minamoto Kichewan Co Ltd, Zoom Japan subscription for one year donated by Zoom Japan. The third prize will be an iPad donated by Japanese Chamber of Commerce and Industry in the UK, a £300 gift voucher for Stanton Hotel Cotswold donated by Access Appointments Consultancy Limited, a Doraemon Cushion donated by Japan Centre, a £30 meal voucher donated by Sagamia, Zoom Japan subscription for one year donated by Zoom Japan. There will also be a special prize for a digital camera donated by RECO UK Limited, a £200 gift voucher for Kanadaya Machiaia London donated by Access Appointments, Doraemon Goods donated by Japan Centre, a £30 meal voucher donated by Sagamia, and Zoom Japan subscription for one year donated by Zoom Japan. The remaining finalists will also receive a gift voucher donated by JPT Europe Limited, a Japanese-style gift set donated by Access Appointments Consultancy Limited, and all finalists will receive membership to the Japan Society for one year and publication donated by the Japan Society. They'll also receive a bottle of sake donated by Sarko Samurai, a Nikkei online IDD donated by Nikkei Europe Limited, and a certificate written by Tamoya Yamaguchi. There will also be a raffle later on and prizes for eight people. I've been reminded that if anyone hasn't already picked up a ticket when they've come through the door and reception and signed in that there are tickets waiting for those who don't have any. The prizes are there's one available for a Tempro Ono Hatchabori in Tokyo, a voucher for one couple, and then there are two Sagamia London meal vouchers donated by Sagamia, and then there are five bottles of sake donated by Sarko Samurai. So good luck to anyone who's got a ticket in the raffle.


and welcome back today we're going to talk about the probability of independent events okay now notice the plural form of this so what we're going to be talking about are multiple events that can happen and the probability of them happening if they are independent of one another okay so the first thing we got to talk about is independent now what does it mean what do we mean by independent independent events are events that have no bearing on one another okay so these examples that we have down here they don't really have any bearing of one another so let's just kind of jump to the examples find the probability of rolling a six on one number cube and a three on another number cube that's a perfect example of two events that really have nothing to do with one another rolling a six on one and then really a three on a different cube well it's a totally different cube they don't really have anything to do with one another okay so that's what we mean by independent events okay so if the two events that we're talking about a and b are independent of one another then the probability of them both happening is equal to the probability of the first one happening times the probability of the second one happening so basically I just take their individual probabilities and just multiply them together that's basically it okay so find and so just like this example find the probability of rolling a six on one number cube and a three on another number cube so I'm looking for the probability of rolling a six and rolling a three I want to roll both of those so I'm using this and word okay I know these these events are independent of one another so this is simply just the probability of rolling a six times the probability of rolling a three with the other number cube okay remember we got two number cubes here okay so in this case the probability of rolling a six that's going to happen one out of every six times okay on a number cube I have the numbers one through six so if I want the probability of rolling a six one one result is what I want the six is what I want out of a total of six that could happen okay same thing over here for the three that happens one out of every six times for a total of when I multiply these together one out of 36 that is my probability of rolling a six and a three at the same time with two separate rolls okay so again this and word if I want both of these both of these to occur this and word tells me that yes I want both of them to occur if that's the case the probability is I simply just multiply the individual probabilities together okay if they are independent events that is okay so next example find the probability of tossing heads tails and then heads when tossing a coin so it looks like we're tossing this coin three times okay so what that what that means is when you toss heads tails whatever they don't really have anything to do with one another right if you if you if you toss the heads the first time then that's going to have no bearing on what you toss the second time around okay your tails or or whatever the case is okay so again these are independent of another heads tails heads they don't have anything to do with one another okay so I know that this is going to be an independent event okay so this is the probability of tossing a heads then a tails and then a heads on a coin now notice my notation just keeping it nice and simple okay so that is the probability of tossing heads times the probability of tossing tails times the pros probabilities excuse me of tossing heads okay so now we and we can have multiple events we can have more than one event that's okay as long as they're independent of one another that's all that really matters so the probability of tossing heads on a coin is one out of every two possibility or the probability of tossing tails is one out of two and the probability of tossing heads again is one out of two again we're treating these all of these as independent events there's nothing to do with one another so I just treat them as independent independent independent okay so one half one half and one half okay so multiply that all together you get one out of eight okay so the probability of tossing heads tails heads is simply one out of eight okay all right that is the probability of independent events just a quick couple of simple examples of independent events thank you for watching I hope you enjoyed the video and we'll see you next time


Oh, yeah, that's all right. I went hunting. Where'd y'all go again? Technical difficulty this morning. Ladies and gentlemen, I hope y'all bear with us a sec while we get rebooted. I think you can, you know, it's a little bright. Welcome everyone to the November 12th, 2019th City of Columbia Board of Zoning Appeals meeting. My name is Chuck Salling and my service chair of the board. And at this time I'd like to introduce to you the other board members. To my far left is John Gregory, followed by Josh Speed and Jean Dinkins. And then to my immediate right is George Shaffer. And next to George there is Marcellus Primus. I would like to introduce the staff as well that will be assisting today, Rachel Faley, the zoning administrator, Hope Hastie, the deputy zoning administrator, and Andrea Wolfe and Erica Hyynne. The board is charged with hearing applications for special exceptions, variances and administrative appeals. All testimony is recorded for the record and anyone wishing to speak will need to be sworn in and come to the podium to speak. No testimony may be taken from the floor. When you come to the podium, state your name and please speak clearly into the microphone because this meeting is being recorded. Applicants with cases before the board are allotted a presentation time of 10 minutes. This time also includes all persons presenting information on behalf of the applicant. This time limit does not include any questions asked by the board or staff regarding the case. Any member of the public may address the board in intervals of three minutes or five minutes if a spokesperson for a body of three or more. The applicant then has five minutes for rebuttal. The board reserves the right to amend these limits on a case by case basis. So if you plan to speak, you must be sworn. So if you plan to speak or an applicant at this time, please stand and raise your right hand. Do you affirm or attest that the testimony you will give today is the truth and nothing but the truth? This time I'd like to turn the meeting over to Mrs. Bailey. The board uses the consent agenda to approve non-controversial or routine matters by a single motion and vote. If a member of the board or the general public wants to discuss an item on the consent agenda, that item is removed and considered during the meeting. The board then approves the remaining items. The first item on the consent agenda today is the approval of the October 8th, 2019 minutes. And item number two on the agenda, Case 2019, 0070 for 1428 Oak Street, a special exception to expand a religious organization. That's all on the consent agenda today. Does anyone on the board or in the audience wish the item 1428 Oak Street to be removed from the consent agenda? I see no one. So we will go ahead and vote on the consent agenda if I'll accept a motion. I'd like to make a motion. We approve the consent agenda subject to staff comments. I second. We have a motion and a second. All in favor say aye. Aye. All opposed? Motion carries. Item number three through seven were withdrawn prior to the legal add for this matter, but they were carry over. So I just wanted to make that known. The next item is case number eight, 2019, 0069 for Broad River Road and Lake Murray Boulevard. This is a special exception to establish a gasoline service station and convenience store. The items will be heard together, but this is another one that's going to need just two separate motions for the gasoline station and for the convenience store. And John Gregory has recused himself from this item. If the applicants present, they're welcome to come forward. My name is Marion Boyd, senior and I'm a resident of Broad River Road. Would you bring that microphone up just a tad? My name is Marion Boyd, senior and I'm a resident, lifelong resident of Lake Murray Boulevard and Broad River where you have the zoning sign saying that you want to build a service station and a fast food place.  And to add a facility like this, of this nature. Are you the applicant? Yes. You're applying for the application? No, sir. I don't want this application. I'm just telling you that I'm against what you're trying to do for that area. I appreciate that. I didn't understand what you were saying. What we, our rules of procedure is that the applicant comes to the podium first and explains it and then we take testimony from the floor after that. Who is the applicant? Is the applicant present? I'm not sure the applicant's here. Um, Rob Wayne. Just in time. That was good timing. Sorry, sir. We will take your testimony after that applicant presents his case. This is a, you need to state your name please. Sorry, Rob Wayne, Robert Wayne Jr. We'll let Broad River Road and Lake Murray Boulevard. We've got 3.77 plus or minus acres that we want to develop for convenient mart and fuel station with potential future development for some additional retail. If you look at the plan that I just issued out, you can kind of get a layout of what we're looking at. It's right where Broad River meets Lake Murray. It's directly across from the local fire station and also the police department there. We made contact with both departments and some of the other neighbors in the area and they seem to be excited about the potential of that area, of that development. If the real, the property of a line where it shows trees, that's where the, you see some hash marks and dash lines. That's just areas showing potential retail development in the future. Otherwise, it's eight eight eight island fuel stop. We kind of kind of highlighted some possible preliminary. Are you familiar with the criteria that we have to use to determine whether the special exception is approved or not? Yes. Can we get your application and kind of talk about each one of those individually so we can have a better understanding of how it's going to meet those or not meet them please? Do you have a copy of the application handy? So starting with number one. Yes, please. Special exception will be provided. We'll provide a desirable 5,000 square foot gasoline station and food store for neighbors, businesses and common vehicle traffic from Lake Murray Boulevard and Broad River Road. The owner will coordinate a national claim to detail acceptable specification interest. The owner will work closely to assure all methods of met to noise, glare, vibration, fumes, odors, obstruction of air and light and litter as have minimum adverse impact. The landscape design and detail should work well to support the reduction of positive shading. The proposed special exception will not have a substantial adverse impact on the neighboring communities. As contemporary design of the building will be subtly natural stucco, brick veneer, metal flashing and equal finishes. This proposal proposed project special exceptions will not impact public safety or create unusual conditions detrimental to the public interest or conditions likely to result in the increase of enforced response or have enforcement responses. The project will be designed according to the local municipality guidelines and assure adequate traffic flow into and from the site. Five establishment will enhance the immediate surroundings in a positive way and non detrimental to its development of any future developments. Establishment will be a set an asset to the neighbors, community and clean environment and as easy access to and from the site. The site is on C3, adequate for gasoline service station convenience stores and retail spaces for future lease. Designed to accommodate 5,000 block brick stucco, synthetic finishes or equal. Number seven, proposed special exception and issues are significant to the intermediate areas as it provides a service capital compatible to travel and many stops for daily needs. Number eight, proposed special exception will be provided daily, will provide daily merchandise and authorized nutritional nourishment used daily by the public. Did you have a traffic study done or do you plan to? We do plan to have traffic study done. But you haven't had that done yet. Any other questions? The application didn't really speak to criteria number five very well in my opinion. Where is the closest gas station or convenience store to this site? It's about five miles east of the intersection there. But where, how far away from this site would be the closest or the nearest other convenience store? There are two actually. We hear some thank you so much and we'll take some testimony from the audience at this time. Good morning again. My name is Marion Boyd Senior. I live on 101 Lake Murray Boulevard right where he's talking about. If he talked to any neighbors, he didn't talk to me. So this was a shock when I saw the sign across the street saying this is what they're going to produce in that area. Right now, if I go home, I can hardly get in my driveway and I can't get out of my driveway because of the traffic that's already there. If he did a study of the traffic, he didn't do a good job. So if you go out there five o'clock or eight o'clock in the morning, it's just like a standstill traffic. And if any of y'all live out there, y'all would know that it's hard to get in your driveway, hard to get out of your driveway. The noise level is so great because of the traffic, sirens and all. Now I have problems with the sirens but to add a service station and a convenience store would add undue traffic. And you know what gathers around service stations. People gathers around service stations and the next thing you know, you have a problem. We don't have problems out there right now because we don't have that kind of activity going on and I lack for it to stay like that. There's two service stations on Broad River. They just built a new one up there past this food line off of Broad River and there's another service station right there off of the Kindle Road. So it's not what he's saying five miles away. Why do we need three service stations in a small vicinity? And if you talk to the residents, there's river walk across the street from where Broad River is. If he talks to those people over there, I don't know. He certainly didn't talk to me and my neighbor and there's only two houses there on Broad River. We've been there all our lives and you have someone to come in and want to disrupt it with that type of facility. It's unreasonable. It's not acceptable by my family and by my neighbor. And if y'all go out there, y'all will see what I'm talking about. Anything happened on Interstate 20 coming into Columbia? All the traffic is detoured toward Broad River and Lake Murray Boulevard, which makes it that much worse. And to have a service station and a convenience store there will add more traffic. And children will walk to that service station like they do at most service stations. They stand out there all day and half the night. And that's not the kind of environment that I would like to see happen on Lake Murray Boulevard. So I want this to be withdrawn. I disagree with this. And I don't think he did a good job in his presentation. If he did a traffic study, he would know that that place is not suitable for that type of facility to be constructed there. Thank you for your time. Thank you, Mary. Yes, sir. Yes, my name is Dave... Oops, pardon me. Dave Grove from Harveston Community Association. We are aware that the property has been zoned commercial. We had no idea that what special exception was being asked for. But I can say that there's a part of us that obviously would like to see this parcel developed. Obviously, it's in Harveston Community Association. The more it's developed, it means assessment money to Harveston. At the same time, though, the applicant has never approached their DDRC committee. And I can assure you that based on what the diagram, not this one, but the other one that I just saw up there, our DDRC is going to have serious reservations about this applicant. We have setbacks. We have other issues that... So my specific request is that the board postpone any kind of special exception until the applicant comes to our design development committee. Let us try to work with the individual on the plans. We've not seen any plans. And then we could come back to the board and say we approve or disapprove with this type of agenda. I can also tell you right now that they're like this gentleman here who lives right across the street from where it's proposed. You're going to find serious opposition from Glenridge, Fox number one. All those people that live in that area are going to be opposed to this type of situation where you have traffic coming from both Lake Murray and also Broad River. It's already a very, very congested if you... Obviously, you're probably familiar with that environment. You've got traffic merging there. It's a dangerous situation. So as I said earlier, I think our design development committee is going to have serious reservations. The property is owned by Georgia Capital. It's appraised tax-wise about 251,000. It's 3.86 acres. We want to see it developed. But at the same time, we don't want to see a safety situation occur. And with the design that I just saw up there, you're going to have people coming from Broad River crossing the line of traffic. Again, those are things that our design development committee can help you with by working through this. And then we would come back and say, we approve or disapprove. Again, the opposition is going to be mounting because we just put it on our website. And I think if people had more notice of it, you'll probably see people from the neighborhoods come in here and say, we're opposed to a gas station and potential alcohol beverage type situation in that area. Again, my specific request of a don't mean to repeat myself, as I'd like to see the board postpone this decision, let the applicant come to our design development committee, the Harvesting Community Association. We and them would come back to you and say, we approve, disapprove, or whatever. I'm the executive director at the Harvesting Community. Thank you very much. Thank you very much for your testimony. Anybody else like to come forward? I'm speaking on behalf of Bertha Simons, my grandmother. This is what our children came up with. This is the email I was sent. I'd also like to speak on my behalf. Do I have to do that separate? Or does grandma need to come read this? No, no, you can speak for her and yourself at the same time. Perfect. Okay, so. You have three minutes. Okay, I'm going to go. Okay, so my name is Lonnie Mackenzie, Jr. That house that's up in the upper left-hand corner, that's grandma's house. I'm 34 years old. She's been there my whole life. We know that that's grandma's house. Next door is Marion. Marion is the guy that came up earlier. When I was born and raised, all of this wasn't here. There wasn't a hospital.  There's just woods. There's been a lot of development done, but I wouldn't say it's for the benefit of the older people that's been there and living there. The danger, of course, has been increased. Being there, there's apartment complexes there. There wasn't any danger before they got there, obviously, because there was nobody there to do anything. Now you're talking about adding in the gas station across the street, literally, from Grandmother's house. I don't see that as being beneficial to the people that actually have been there for what I know 34 years or what she knows 60 years. Okay, so that's my part. Now I'm going to read the email that grandmother put together and sorry I'm mumbling, bear with me. I came there almost over 60 years ago with my husband. This is my home. It's been for all these years. Our proposed change is zoning. We'll destroy the peace that we have at our home. There's no way that you can deny this conservation store or gas station in front of our house destroys the ability to live secure and pleasant lifestyles for our property. We have paid taxes and contributed members of our neighborhood and family resided on the property prior to our marriage. The family is displaced when Fort Jackson was raided. They have moved, so they have relocated their home. This proposed zoning change is familiar effect in this area. This area is becoming more and more congested in the building of the store on the small strip of the property. We'll further exerberate the problem. The city has assisted in the effort to destroy the neighborhood feel of the area and agreeing to build in the larger apartment complex that's nearby. I am opposed to the change. It is a negative impact for the closest neighbors marrying the grandchildren included when it is no benefit to the neighborhood. There are numerous options within a very short drive. There are numerous options within a very short drive for consumers to obtain gasoline and other products that their heart desires. Please reject the proposed zoning change so that we can peacefully enjoy the property. Please do not affect the families around the area. Thank you very much. Thank you for your testimony. Appreciate that. Anyone else here to speak on this matter? Were you sworn in? Were you raised right in? Did you attest to tell the truth? Actually, Google maps to back check what he said about the nearest filling station. It's actually 1.2 miles away closest Exxon, right up Broad River. I have 8 a.m. classes Monday through Thursday. It is god-awful trying to get out of there in the morning. Actually easier sometimes to turn the opposite direction and then get on the highway down there at the Valentine entrance. It's terrible. The congestion is extensive. It's like the other gentleman said. Really like you to reject this proposal. It's not good for our community. Get close to the microphone. I don't believe this being the cause. It's not good for the communities around there. My families lived there for 20 years. They've seen the development themselves. They actually go to the church right over there. Riverland Hills Baptist Church. So some of it is not all bad. But gas stations are not all bad. It's not all bad. But gas stations right there be terrible for it. Terrible for environment. Terrible for the people living directly around it. I'm going to throw my opposition out there. Thank you. Thank you for your testimony. Is anyone else here? Let's speak about this. Will the applicant please come back to the podium? So I guess you've heard this testimony and I'd like to add that I have some real concerns about just without a good traffic study and a good decision on how the traffic would flow in and out of this property. It gives me a lot of reservation about this because we have to acknowledge that that area has a very high level of traffic and it's that convergence of two main arteries that serve that area. And I don't believe that we have enough information to determine whether this is really, you know, what impact it would have. I think I'd like to add, although the subject property is in a C3 zoning, it appears from the aerial photo to be a mostly residential neighborhood. And with that being the case, I think you would be wise to take the neighborhood association's recommendations and try to meet with these adjacent adjoining neighborhoods to discuss this in a little more detail. Yes, I do agree with that. And because of my schedule, I hadn't been able to reach out to them. I'm aware of who they are. And I just hadn't been able to reach out to them yet. But we would work diligently with the community design group to assure that, you know, in and out of low traffic would be acceptable. That would be good. Furthermore, while you're doing that, to me in reading through the Good Neighbor Plan, it seems a little lacking to me. You simply add a few things about complying with zoning regulations. I personally would like to see you beef up your Good Neighbor Plan to give us a little more comfort than if you would be a Good Neighbor. And I think that because this is in harvest and is subject to that, their design review committee, I really feel like we need to have that information also. Because I just, again, just have tremendous reservations just basically approving this without any more information than we have right now. So we got a couple of choices here. We can vote on it right now. Or we can vote, take a vote to see if the Board is willing to defer this to give you some time to do some more homework and get some more information. I think we've explained to you the kind of information that we're looking for. I'm not saying that the Board will vote to do that, but that's your, you can request that. I just wanted to make you aware of that so that we can either vote now or you can request for us to vote on it deferral. That's my decision. I'm representing the owner. I would suggest that maybe we could defer and let me do some more with the people that I need to meet with. I will say that I did meet with a couple of businesses.  And they were pretty excited about the possibility. I will reiterate my concern that a development of this type without an engineer who has provided a traffic study can determine that the egress and ingress will not impact, have an impact on the existing traffic or that they have made some changes to your design in order to minimize that traffic would be hard for me to move forward with this. So I'd like to make a motion to the Board to defer this matter. So we have a motion and a second for deferral. All in favor say aye. Aye. All opposed. No. The motion carries. All right. The next item on the agenda is item number nine. This is case 20190071 for 4624 and a portion of 4464 Divine Street. Special exception to establish a drive-thru automatic car wash. If the applicant is present, they're welcome to come forward. Mr. Chairman, members of the Board of Zoning Appeals, I'm Bob Fuller. I'm a lawyer here in Columbia and I'm here today in the half of the applicant who is proposing to establish an automatic car wash at the intersection of Garner's Fair Road, Croson Road and essentially Gills Creek. The property is at the far eastern end of the large Gamecock Biolo Shopping Center that faces Garner's Fair Road and Jackson Boulevard at that large intersection. I will quickly move through the items of criteria, I think, that we have addressed for your consideration this afternoon, this morning, and this and then I would hope to call on a couple of members of the development team to provide some additional information. Here with me today in that connection are Lisa Sherrod, who is an engineer in flood control and management specialist in that particular field. Gerald Lee from Chow Engineering Associates who have done site work in the planning on the site development. Jenkins Williamson, who is also a journal of the development company. First of all, to address the matter of what they're trying to do here is to combine two large lights at the eastern most end of the Biolo Shopping Center and adjacent to Gills Creek where it crosses under Garner's Fair Road. It is property that would probably be best known to you as the old TitleMax property. The building was destroyed in the 2015 flood and sat by the roadside for some time. The property was in the county has now been annexed to the city of Columbia and is that is the reason we are here in this body to seek approval for the special exception. The property is zoned for the use but with conditions that have to be reviewed by the board. The access to this property, I think particularly is important because it does not feed directly into Divine Street Garner's Fair Road. There is an entrance road signalized at the intersection of Croson and Garner's Fair that permits traffic in and out of the large property that constitutes the shopping center. There is no direct access onto the highway from this parcel. It is accessed from the shopping center road into the western side of the car wash proposed lot as it sits there. The access is at a very busy intersection but it is signalized and the site has been laid out in such a way that the stacking queue can accommodate well more than enough cars to satisfy the problem that would be caused if the stacking were to be offsite in any manner. There will be no offsite queuing at this location. It will not have any substantial impact on any other buildings or close proximity neighbors because there really are none. At the far end of the easternmost end of the shopping center there has been a restaurant in place, has been removed and will be replaced probably but this entrance road to the shopping center is the western boundary of the proposed wash property and Guilds Creek is the other extremity on the eastern side. It will not have any adverse effect on the aesthetics of the community. It will be a fairly handsome structure built specifically for the site, designed for the site to be accommodated on the site and will be developed in such a manner that it will be protected or it will minimize impacts if flooding should occur there again because it is designed to be a flow through rather than have it knocked down and end up in the flow patterns of the creek. It is very close to the plain floodway of Guilds Creek and that has been accommodated and studied and dealt with by the engineers. There is not going to be any nuisance or public safety impact. It would be a car wash that is automatically operated. The patrons would remain in their automobiles while the car is being serviced but the car wash itself will be a staffed facility with probably three or up to three people in employment on the property to monitor what conduct goes on on the site and in the operations. There is no proliferation of this kind of activity there as is considered by item number five. There are three car washes within two and a half to one and a quarter miles from where this facility would be but it is a heavy traffic impact area and it is simply one amenity that would be located in a location that is not proliferated with anything in particular by way of servicing of automobiles and certainly not by way of car washes per se. The underlying district is a commercial zoning district and while people might prefer that nothing be developed on a particular property because of problems they envision or have experienced in the past, this is a commercial zone property situated adjacent to commercially owned property and when it was annexed it was understood what the purposes were for continuation of commercial use at that location so we think that the attendance to the matters relative to the special exception are important but it is certainly an appropriate use for this particular location. There are no overlay districts that would prohibit this use. It is compatible with the permitted uses in the general area. There are gas stations, there are retail commercial establishments, there are restaurants, there are drive-in facilities for a food service. It is a commercial district and this is a commercial interest being placed conservatively and adequately in a part of it. It would be in every manner compatible with what else is around that general vicinity. I don't see that you could determine any adverse impact on public interest by virtue of putting a commercial establishment such as this well thought out, well engineered, well designed and well managed in a commercial district. If it's commercial it is commercial and that's what we would expect it to be operated as responsibly and adequately in every way. Because it is near to Guilds Creek I want to ask Lisa Sherrod to come forward and explain to the board the possibility to anticipate some manner of those concerns that might be considered by virtue of the fact of its proximity to the roadway and the creek. Good morning. My name is Lisa Schrad. Many may remember me as Lisa Jones. I'm the former state coordinator for the National Flood Insurance Program in South Carolina. Would you mind bringing that down a little bit? I have over 30 years experience in floodplain management, mapping, mitigation and compliance. I'm the former chair of the Association of State Floodplain Managers. I'm a certified floodplain manager as well as I have an associate national flood insurance. The floodplain environmental impacts have been a paramount concern and considered during this planning process. The applicant has devoted considerable resources to ensure the balance between floodplain management and environmental concerns have been taken into consideration. We've met with the Guilds Creek Association. Car wash is a suitable floodplain compatible development considering what could be there. This property is going to be developed in some way, shape or form. A car wash is a wet location building. Water flows in. If it gets wet, it's hosed down and it's back in operation. Car wash, in essence, operate with water. The building is suited so that the water would flow through the building. Should we ever indicate that the events of 2015 reoccur? The majority of the project is outside of the special flood hazard area. I'm going to turn to Gerald in just a minute to address the stormwater management processes and how that's going to be maintained. I also wish to correct the record. For the record, I've introduced me as an engineer, I'm not an engineer. I'm a consultant. Are there any questions? I'll have to take those at the end. Thank you. Good morning. I'm Gerald Lee. I'm an engineer with Child and Associates and it was my duty here to design the stormwater management system. We met with the Guilds Creek Organization a couple times and discussed this project. We've also met with the city staff and talked to them about this project and is our total intent to design this project not to be detrimental to the current conditions. In our due diligence we have determined that the main problem with Guilds Creek is dissolved oxygen levels which is a common problem with urban streams. You get hot runoff water from hot asphalt doesn't contain much oxygen discharges directly into the stream and it becomes an issue. To address those items the stormwater management system that we've designed does not include any kind of flumes that would just directly discharge the water let the water go directly into the stream. We're going to collect it subsurface underground it's able to cool a little more and it also directs it to a water quality unit a mechanical unit that will actually filter the runoff before it's discharged and then our ultimate discharge will be a cascading rip-rap outfall designed to aerate the water as it goes back into the stream. Now process water process water is not allowed to be discharged into the stream that's by ordinance. It's totally 100% recycled in this car wash and then any discharge has to go to the sanitary sewer. So it is our intent to not be detrimental with this design to Gil's Creek. Thank you. Yes sir. So I can't really see your design. I don't believe on this underground containment. Is there a tank or is that what these squares with the circles in? The square in the circle is a conceptual water quality unit like a crystal streams conceptual Well, we don't know which brand we're going to use. Crystal streams is one manufacturer that makes a mechanical filtering system. Gotcha. Now is that from the car wash itself? It is only from the pavement. There's no runoff off the car wash. No runoff off the car wash. All process water is recycled. That's those series of boxes just below that's the mechanical water recycling system. Is there a so I'm just trying to decide is there is there any kind of underground containment area? At this location being that close to the creek there is no need for stormwater detention. There's no detention but we're going to put it underground. It's not being detained but you may mention that it was going underground. We're going to pipe it underground. Okay. So it's going underground and then it's going out into a I guess like a culvert it looks like it then going out and then it goes from there out into a gravel thing into Gills Creek. The dash piping connecting the boxes takes it over to the right-hand side to our water quality unit which then mechanically filters That's the little square. That's the square on the circle Yes. There. And it's discharge, ultimate discharge will cascade over the riprap flume which is intended to aerate the water as it splashes down. Mr. Lee, certainly with respect to water quality, would your testimony be that the post-development state of this potential development would be an improved water quality situation that currently exists today? Yes, that is the intent of this design. And clearly we're not going to have any increase in stormwater here in a post-development situation we all know that but would there be a decrease in stormwater as well? I can't say we will decrease It can't be an increase I can't say there will not be an increase but being at this location next to our discharge point our peak discharge will enter the stream long before the peak discharge of coming down Gills Creek so we will meet the ordinance that there is no adverse impact. Timing situation to beat the peak, as you'll like to call it in the slang term but I think that's important that your testimony is that it's an improved water quality situation because I think a lot of the surrounding neighborhoods and some of the arguments may be with regards to water quality from a site like this so I think it's a good design. Like I said, we met with the Gills Creek organization and we listened to their concerns and we've taken that to heart in our design. Thank you. Thank you. Is there any testimony? Hi my name is Jenkins Williamson. I'm with Columbia Development I live here locally at 3700 Casino Road When we initially decided to pursue this site there were a couple of things that were of paramount importance to us. Number one we live here. I live just up the road all of the members of Columbia Development live here locally for the most part. We care what goes on that site. We care what the aesthetics are of the facility that goes there. I drive by there every day and we wanted to do something that was very nice for the community. So we chose a concept that aesthetically is very very pleasing. We have some images that I'll show you in a moment of what this facility is going to look like. It is not a standard car wash facility. It is an elevated architectural facility. It looks as nice as any high-end Chick-fil-A that you've ever seen. It's a very nice facility and we chose this particular concept for that reason. Number one. Number two we understood the environmental sensitivity of this site. We know the history of this site. We all live through the flood. So the first thing, we did a number of different things. The first thing we did with regard to the environmental challenges or the perception of the environmental challenges is we hired a 30-year veteran of the flood business in Lisa Charard. Lisa was with Deaner for 17 years on the other side making sure that developments were done in a proper manner. And we brought her on early to consult because we wanted to make sure to address all the flood concerns. Number two we hired Chao and Associates because Jimmy Chao had done so much work in that particular retail node post-flood helping people work through some of the issues. You may continue. Thank you. In addition to that we knew traffic was going to be a concern. It's always a concern. And if you'll look at this site plan, we have over 360 feet of internal stacking within the project. We can stack two Chick-fil-A's adequately based on the amount of stacking we have here. We know that stacking is important. We do not tie into that divine street in any way whatsoever. We tie into the shopping center. We have signalized access. We've met with the city in addition to all of these things three or four times. The city supports our design. Our design meets the ordinance in every way whatsoever. As a matter of fact, when we were annexed into the city, Mayor Benjamin asked have all of the flood issues been addressed here because it's important to him and Krista Hampton stood up before the mayor and said yes, Mayor Benjamin. They've met with us numerous times and what they're proposing to do meets the ordinance. Thank you. Thank you. Sir, anyone in the audience that would like to speak for or against this application? Good morning. My name is Eric Goff. I am the Executive Director of Guilds Creek Watershed Association. I represent 300 members that are individuals, families, homeowners associations that are in this area and located within close distance to this proposed property. I have a prepared statement that I would like to read on behalf of the association. Before I say that, on my own behalf, I would like to say as the person that is directly responsible for managing or monitoring water quality along Guilds Creek, dissolved oxygen as far from our biggest issue, one of our biggest issues is development and lack of proper stormwater management practices throughout. On behalf of Guilds Creek Watershed Association, while we appreciate the efforts that the developers of this proposed car wash have taken to communicate with us and to include environmentally friendly measures in their plans, Guilds Creek Watershed Association stands by its mission and wants to convey to the Board of Zoning exactly what we convey to the developers. We believe no development of any type should be allowed on this parcel. With extensive impervious surfaces in the area already, this currently vacant parcel should be converted to a natural buffer that will slow down and filter stormwater prior to entering the creek. We encourage the Board to remember the devastation of the 2015 flood. There is a reason that this is known as the old TitleMax property and why this actual area is both a local and national landmark of that event. Development of any type in this area will continue to strain and already stressed Guilds Creek. We would also like to note on a safety issue that the parcel proposed to be developed in this commercial is also included in the commercial node plan that was designated to be the trail head of the Guilds Creek Greenway. This plan was developed by the City of Columbia and is found within their development plans. The addition of a drive-through system that will increase traffic in an area, not particularly on Divine Street but in an area that's supposed to be designated for both bike and pedestrian travel is both unsafe and unwise. We recommend that the Board consult the City of Columbia commercial node plan and consider the safety of both the community and the environment in this area before approving this proposal. Thank you. Thank you. Is there anyone else? Good morning. Hi. My name is Allison Teratio and I have the distinct pleasure of serving Richland County District 5 on County Council. This is my first time that I've been on this side of the campus so I have a new appreciation for what people who come before us in zoning meetings feel like. Since before I was elected I was hearing from constituents about making Richland County and Columbia more bikeable and walkable and learning more and more about the Greenway projects proposed as part of the Richland County penny. On County Council we have voted to move forward with a Greenway plan which includes this portion of Gills Creek Greenway. I know that Greenways are an important part of making sure that we are a livable community that we can get people to places so we want people to be able to walk from neighborhoods down to some of those stores and restaurants. And also the developing these Greenways are a way that we ensure that we are able to advance the flooding that we had in 2015 again. I would just like to stand here and encourage the zoning committee to refer to the 2013 Divine Street and Fort Jackson commercial node plan which envisions an amenity so a Greenway amenity at that location and to deny the special exception to establish a drive-through car wash at 4464 and 4624 Divine Street. Thank you. Thank you for your testimony. Anyone else? Good morning, how is everybody? My name is Will Brennan. I'm here today in front of you as a former resident of Timberlane Drive off the South Belt Line Corridor and a supporter of the Gills Creek Watershed Association I believe in their programming, their vision, and their energy. And I want to point out, and I want to talk about this 2013 master plan that really brings everything together along the Gills Creek Watershed from the Fort Jackson area all the way down to where I was flooded out on Timberlane Drive and further down to the Bluff Road area. It's a wonderful master plan that by the way the city spent money on that brings in recreation residential retail components. So here we are in the city of Columbia. We like to get away from our master plans that we invest in and we jump on the first thing that comes along. I view this as the first thing to come along to be developed on this property. I do believe that this property one day will be bolstered with a wonderful energy connecting Crosshill, the wonderful things that have been done at Crosshill all the way down to this by-low development. This is smart growth, and you folks are the baseline for smart growth. You make the decision. I hope that you think hard about this special exemption because accepting this is the first go for development here would be what I think the most Columbia thing Columbia could do. There's so much more potential for this property. Thank you so much. Thank you for your testimony. Is there anyone else in the audience like to speak? Yes, please come back to the podium. You're welcome to. I guess the master plan for the Greenway and where the Greenway is actually going to ultimately go has been in question. But to the extent the Greenway traverses through this property and the property in the rear that is owned by the shopping center, we have offered to Gills Creek and ultimately to whoever winds up in charge of the Greenway to provide them with an easement. And I'm on record here today to say we will provide an easement so long as the easement traverses down the side of our site following the creek and we have gotten the owner of the shopping center in the back to also agree to an easement for the Greenway. So that's there for the taking when and if the powers that we are willing to engage on that. And we did indicate that to Gills Creek in our meetings that we had with them. So I just want you to understand we care about the Greenway. I'd love to see the Greenway here and that's there if they would like it. Thank you. Thank you. Fuller do you have any other testimony or want to about anything? Everybody here has a pretty good idea of what the proposal here is. I simply have to say as a


Actually we have two consecutive talks of half an hour, and as they're both on the same more or less topic we've decided to junk them. One is right now, that's Thomas Lohninger from Austria, my home country, and the next one is Frédéric Künschler from Switzerland, and they're both talking about the same problem. You know the old Churchill saying there's two things you don't want to know exactly that's how do they make sausages and how do they make laws? Well, actually you do want to know exactly how to make laws, otherwise you find yourself with a law you don't want, and a south enemy can avoid a banger, but you can't avoid a law. So Thomas here is going to tell you about the fight for net neutrality in Europe, and let's have a big hand for Thomas Lohninger. So, welcome to the translation of the lecture on Natureality in Europe on the 32nd Chaos Communication Congress. So, let's start. We have a lot of things we want to talk about in the next 30 minutes, so I'm going to go through here a little faster so that we can look at the future a little more. The title is Aléa Yachta-Eust, so that's what the judges said, but that's actually not really true. We now have restrictions. We have 28 members of the EU, and I'm going to talk about the history of these laws now. But the law that we have today is still the way it is, and we still have a great war ahead of us. We have to work a lot. We still have a great influence that we have to take. So, a little introduction. Basically, net neutrality, it's all about the university age of the network. We are connected to this network and the basic principle. Today we have net neutrality is the same as the discrimination protection. This is a basic law. We want to establish new models. This is from the starting point for this European question for telecom. It is already a law, 28 members. The responsible commissioners, what is this lady? It is a fact that we are all connected, that we are all connected. So it is in the strategic interest of Europe, in the economic interest of Europe, and it is absolutely important for the citizens. We need full and fair access for internet and mobile services. So, like the internet. This is also the idea of this law. You have the internet that is something like neutral, and then you have other tools. Specialised services that you can translate into special services or fast lanes. If you look at it now, there is a very strange language in it. For example, within the contractual framework of volume or speed, you can't discriminate. But you can discriminate outside. That would be legal. There was a choice in the parliament to get through this law relatively quickly. So, before the election, there was a populist element in it, that was roaming. If I read something about this law, then it was probably about the roaming part. Europe or the roaming births. Well, yes, there will still be roaming, but in different variants with different names. So, it was about getting through this law as quickly as possible in the parliament. And then there was this strange special language, so it was full of it. The fourth point was in the language, in the peer strategy, it was always about saying that they support net neutrality. So, he also said that he supports it, but in fact it is actually the opposite. So, what did we do when the law was in the front? We started to write additions in this wiki here. As I said, we wanted to show a few lessons learned here. So, the first lesson is to get in quickly if you are going to implement the law. The sooner you are, the more you have the chance to influence the legislation. So, look at what is going on in the calendar in the next month. Then you have the chance to have an effective influence for three years. So, we were also here on this stage at 30C3. Markus Beckendahl gave a talk there. So, the website has a very simple idea. Translate your attention into political power. Give people something to do. So, that is the second lesson. Give people something that they can do. Otherwise it doesn't matter to them. Otherwise they won't be engaged. If the people have the feeling that they can participate in this project, then if you have such tasks for the people, then you can change your will to engage in deeds. For us, it was called on or faxed or tweeted by the parliamentarians. So, here I would like to thank Michael Bauer, the head developer of safetyinternet.eu. Unfortunately, he died this year in a heart attack. Without him, we would never have made it. He was a really brilliant person. So, the fax thing was very cool. We sent only 40,000 faxes. They were really meaningful. So, we would like to thank ISP Kappa. They sponsored these faxes. We didn't have to pay for anything. The third lesson, be creative. So, fax, that was something new. No one has ever done it before. And that was very influential. Because there was a physical expression, a opinion of the voters. If you have done it once or twice, the parliament has now turned it into an electronic fax. So, it's no longer so good. You have to adapt quickly. This is the process within the European Parliament. You have these different committees that form their own opinions. That is then summarized in a big committee. And then it comes to the plan. So, I would like to thank Steffen Kammerberg, the only one who was on our side from beginning to end. One of the bad guys is... She has a lot of power over the process of the legislation, and she worked against us at every point. She wasn't really interested in negotiations. She really wanted to get the interests of the telcos. But we still managed to get some adjustments to the legislation. So, these are the ones who have received a majority that have helped us to win. So, now I'm free to talk about certain things in the background. In this email here, the Social Democrats said that the text of the Civil Society came. That's true. We had three things to do here. We had to find all the gaps, and change as little as possible. Because changing every word is extremely expensive. And we couldn't use any politically charged terms. We had to use neutral language to solve all the problems. And that's what we actually managed to get the majority. So, this is us celebrating after the victory. That was great. The fourth lesson is about what you want. You can't ask for things you can't get anyway. You have to make realistic demands. In this text there were many realistic things, but unfortunately there were many formalities that got us stuck together. The parliament didn't really emancipate from the other organizations. The parliament didn't really want to have an absolute majority over the heads of other institutions. Not a simple majority. Half of all parliament members didn't really want to have a majority over the heads of other institutions. That's what we did. We had to find ways to get the majority over the heads of other institutions. We had to find ways to get the majority over the heads of other institutions. The council then did it back again. And then it was even worse to get it over again. Those three institutions then got together in a way that was as intense as possible. And they came out with a new text. The meeting was held at 2 a.m. They were almost all asleep. The Liberals, the Greens, the Left, they were no longer in the negotiations. We can't close that. We just want to continue after the summer break. And Patricia Treuer from the Left was in principle already walking out through the door. And at that moment she still voted for this shitty situation. That's what's going on at the end. And Castillo was the one who worked on this compromise.  But it still had to go through the parliament. So we had to ask ourselves if this text is worse than useless. Should we fight for change or let it be? I was a little bit pulled back and forth between the two options. And at the end I thought to myself, that's better than what the USA has in this area. There are countries like Germany or Austria or the Netherlands that would then allow better laws even if most of them didn't have that. So I thought to myself, would we have this compromise for 28 countries? Nothing at all. And then something happened. We had Barbara von Schewig, so support from the USA. She also spoke to us, same as Laurence Lessig and Sir Tim Berners-Lee. And we had many more support. There were companies and startups that were involved there. There were venture capitalists that supported us there. They asked the parliament to formulate this law because otherwise they wouldn't want to investigate it. Mr. Stuhl. In Germany too, we had great support, for example from the media from German journalists, but also from many others. But what we didn't do here, what we didn't do early on, was the last minute action. The whole action was done a week before the departure and that was too late. If I had had this media support earlier, it would probably have come out differently. But what we can learn from that, we have to expand our movement. We have to get out of this and reach out to other people. That means we have to reach a wider society.  And we had a very creative action, for example in Barcelona. We had our members here who had this projection on this education from Telcón. But in the end it didn't work. It didn't work in the second reading. I would like to explain why this is not the end of the Internet society. I knew it was a media and very strong. And if we look at it now, it was a desire from us. It was a company that we lost and we didn't succeed. And the biggest problem that we have now is that we still have good parts in it. A word that the recommendation from us, we also have to do it now. We have clarity now. It is usable on mobile Internet. And we no longer have a commercial blocking. We still have a state blocking, such as censorship. But it is not possible to stay Skype on your mobile phone. Blocking. The big questions about this are still the important decisions about unlawful relations. We still have a big legal uncertainty. That is also bad for our companies. We still have four big topics that we want to discuss. They are still discussions. And specialized services. That means we can translate it with nothing to do with the Internet. These are five points. We have to use them and then we can still achieve it. Drivers, these 28 companies do nothing but read the laws and use them. That is one of the big questions we have been asked here. Is it okay if we have Internet services or specialized services? That is the same as the zero rating. That means commercial application is the point here because this zero rating is not a commercial application. Because they ask us what do you think is that? What does that mean? From our point of view there are two points to see. Either the zero rating has to be banned or that means in that case the whole topic will be excluded. That means the Dutch Internet can still be excluded or Germany can do it differently. A very important point is the traffic management. There is a risk that there is a risk that we have the whole video streaming in one class but we would not call anyone else because it is against our economic system and that is why we would not prefer that. The class-based traffic has other big problems. We can see that in the gaming application. For example, we have a gaming application because it looks similar. It is possible that the players are no longer usable. In the UK we have a committee with game developers and before they can give it out they have to implement it and discuss it so that it can work. That is and from my understanding traffic management looks at you and does not look at what is in it. There is also a problem if you want to pay it differently if you want to pay it differently because we can do that in this long line. In principle this is what we want. We just want that that is it is we cannot solve the problem differently and only when we see that transparency is the next point. We will see a big change if we for example no longer have an upper limit of the width and a minimum of we have more accurate information for the consumers. That is the organization There is really something meaningful to do from this law. For example there is a national network agency in Germany or RTM Austria they are all together under this law until the end of August in order to have specific guidelines on how to implement this law. This is the time horizon for us when we have to engage in it. The parliament decided that it was announced at this time. We now have nine months there was a stakeholder hearing of the civil society and we are now together with the law providers also with content application providers the public sender and ISP and now you have to find the balance between these groups. Now we are at this point where the working groups work out the guidelines. The law was implemented at this time although these guidelines are not valid yet. But if there is a fall between April and August then this proposal will be approved in the plan and then there will be 20 days public discussion where everyone can give feedback about net neutrality in Europe and then about two months analysis of the feedback and processing of the implementation of the decision. And then there is the final decision in this extraordinary agreement. So let's take a look at these 20 days. In the USA with FCC there were several months consultation and 4 million comments. There were 28 days and still 1 million comments. And now in Europe 20 days. So this is the comparison that we have to make. That means, of course, for European organizations, all organizations that are on the Internet that is the chance that we have. So let's take a look at the USA. This is now an analysis of the comments that the FCC gave when they asked after the opinion of the public. There is now a huge collection of papers, of scientific analysis about this data the analysis of this net neutrality comments. There are so many different topics where people commented on themselves. So out of these 4 million comments, there are really many people who express their thoughts with their own words about this topic, as they think that the network that they use influences or society. So we have things like we need net neutrality for the American dream. The idea behind it is of course also maybe we can go to Europe if the network is great because you can deal with different ideas. And in the USA, this is really a basic idea that has been protected in the USA. And we should also take a heart here. We, the Safety Internet Coalition, will develop a new version of the website in order to comment and to keep your open for as long as 20 days so that you have the opportunity to do something for this law so that you can put your opinion on it. In the remaining time, I would like to leave Europe for a moment to be the motto of the Congress and to look at it globally. There are many issues that are discussed at the moment or are already in power. And because of other leaders of the NetPolitik.org, we have a collection of ads, for example, from Latin America, for example in Chile. Free social networks or full internet here with these websites. So it's not about necessary stuff. It's really a purchase offer. You can buy my internet because you get these services. It goes on and on and on. But it gets pretty ugly in the end. If you look at what happens in India, for example, this Internet.org campaign. Facebook wants to give people access to Facebook. Not the internet, but Facebook. Facebook is now in the offensive and asks people to lobby against net neutrality. And Facebook reacts extremely fast. In India, the public pressure is the same. Because when the barricades against this campaign of Facebook, there is the internet.in, the Indian side. The only question that Mark Zuckerberg would ask, why do you only give these basic services, these 100 pages, instead of access for the whole Internet. Why don't you give the bandwidth that is reserved for this special program, for all websites that are not available? I mean, it would be commercial for the telcos. Exactly the same. There is also a similar program from Mozilla or from ISPs. They are all available on the Internet. And you could do the same if it was more open. We have to look at these problems for this global net neutrality discussion. This is not specifically Europe. And we have to think about how it would be if Facebook was on the other side of the fence. How this would change the fight. Thank you very much. This is the end of my talk and after my time. I will continue to fight for this. We have not yet lost. We have a very, very more specific law. The responsibility lies with those who work on the guidelines. We have to argue we have to fight similarly as in the USA. Save the Internet is a association of 12 NGOs. We do not really have a fixed meeting or so. A lot happens in Austria. This is here, for example, now also here. A workshop over Berwick on 28 December at 8 o'clock. If you are interested please take part in this workshop. Thank you for listening. That was the simultaneous translation about net neutrality in Europe. It was translated by Ploy and Frau Blauwal. If you have any feedback, you can find us on Twitter at c3lingo. We'll have 10 minutes for that. Here is the gentleman from Switzerland, Freddie Künstler. He speaks freeburg dialect. Can you believe that? Freeburg. Pretty good, actually. We both agree that buffering sucks, so please let me have a hand for Freddie Künstler. Thank you. My name is Freddie Künstler. I'm not sure if I should speak Swiss or English. Please give him a chance. If you go, please be quiet. Switzerland would be an option for me. And English, because you know that Switzerland doesn't speak really German. It's a six-year-old digital native on the fastest internet in Switzerland. It's called Fiber 7. Okay, it's about Fiber 7. Thank you. When I was in Greece, I was in a conflict and I had to explain someone. I had to explain why you can't watch YouTube. In Greece, it's a bit difficult, but here in Hamburg it's not much better. So next to a motel in the city, they offer a free wireless access with a few kilos of pictures, but that's not much. If you want five mic internet, you have to pay extra. And that's where we're sending him now, 2015. I'd like to say something. I'm married and I have a son, as I said. He was born in 2019 and with 17 months he already has his iPhone unlocked and someone really showed me how it works. So like me with digital technology, that was in 1978 when I played with these chips. Who knows these chips here, please raise your hand. Later on I did a apprenticeship for electronic devices. Later I did an education as telecommunications electronics. In 1990 I started to deal with Linux. My first Linux was SUSE 4.2. With INIT7 I started in 2000 and later I became president of the SUSE AX association. That was 2009. Later I dealt with network architecture at Z2. And I'm also a politician for the social democrats in Switzerland. But that's hobby-wise. And 5-7 is my other hobby as you already know. I also worked in the internet expert group with the social democrats and our paper was published this month. I don't know how to say that in English.  I'll tell you this lecture is not about peering or the German telecom or the internet connection. It's about the thousands of young people who want to watch YouTube. And without buffering. Let's see why YouTube and other video providers are buffering. It's about the lack of broadband. If you're interested the Wi-Fi works. If a HD video is not possible. Yes. With PCs it's not a problem anymore. It's about the reception quality and oversubscription. The source of video streaming can be too far away. If it's in the USA it's not so good. That's why you have so many content delivery networks to improve this situation. Then there's adaptive streaming. It can be before or after. If you set it but the connection is bad then it's not working anymore. But if you switch it automatically to standard definition then it would still work. Then routing or problem with algorithms if the client has a server or the wrong CDN server then it's slow. And here last oversubscription with the connection. I'll go back to the old days.  And on YouTube it's not different. If you click on YouTube then YouTube speaks with you for hours maybe and you only say bye at the end. The broadband client is the one who calls on YouTube. Probably it's usually the customer who calls on YouTube. But still 95% of the data goes from the server to the client. But the client is responsible for the traffic because it removes the traffic. If we look at the internet it doesn't work here. The red button doesn't work. We have the end user on the right then we have the provider network and the end user is only connected to the provider's network. And on the left side we have the entire content on the internet. So media, videos, streaming, torrents but there is always only one way to connect to the end user if there is more interconnection in the connection. This basically means the provider can not have a monopoly on the end user for as long as he is involved with him. There is no alternative. There is the provider a power position. On the other hand these interconnection points were long time so called zero settlements peering. So without these internet connection points and without zero settlement peering the internet would not exist in its current form. So the broadband provider usually the surplus of ex-monopolists or cable network operators should actually prepare these connection point bandwidth. For example if this is not upgraded there is a passive aggressive behavior of this provider. So many providers like Deutsche Telekom to name them simply do nothing. They just sit out. And the end user they suffer. Buffering is a common symptom of prime time to use the internet. So the provider basically makes a gated community from the customers. As I said before the data flows from the video server to the end customer is about 50 times as much traffic as in the other direction. So a common common quotient for the provider is 1 to 5 to 1 to 10. So if you pull about 10 times as much traffic to the end customer and at these internet connection points there is a straight line that if the quotient is subscribed the existing internet connection and if you want to upgrade you have to always subscribe and if you want to upgrade then you have to at quotient from 1 to 1 come 5 to 1 to 3. So that no content provider can keep this quotient and if they don't keep this then you have to pay more or it leads to overload of the line. Large broadband providers like the ex-monopolists they just want to be double paid and they have the possibility to force the market that the money flows to them. So on the one hand from the end customers and on the other hand from the content providers. That means two-sided market and if the provider doesn't pass then what you see here is what happens. But the IP interconnection will be cheap. The costs for a customer will be a few cents per month that will be invested and people will be happy. And on top of that the content providers will simply go around for example for cash servers and so on and so forth. So please talk to our community people Amazon, Facebook, Google, Limelight, whatever, Netflix they are not for telecom they are for twitch and set for tattoo. That's expensive. I have a picture here of a vacuum and let's see how much it actually costs and the world has shown it every household costs 509 euros a year. So my assumption was if this vacuum also costs then it also costs money. I think no one was really exploring that field but I thought no one really examined it. So I said I will make my own assumption a whole milk bill Jesus. When I was a child it was the milk that came in the morning and we then put our order into the milk bill and he put the milk in the box and he paid for it. So this is my quick calculation so we have about 30 million broadband connections I have assumed that everyone has to wait for about a minute while we are watching Netflix probably less who thinks one minute is not enough okay we will take a minute for the calculation I also assumed that it costs 5 euros per minute per hour that's about a good amount so if you think 5 euros is not enough then you can take it over it's a self-reservation and I don't know what it means but I looked at it and that means for the time the amount how much is the value of the free time that's my calculation so if we wait a minute that's 63 if we multiply with 5 euros then we would have 30 euros 30 euros per year that's about 30 million with 30 million subscribers to 900 million euros per year that's the economic damage in Germany per year and how we can take it a large part of the buffering comes from the not good connection for example during the evening that's also a result of the restrictive policy for the big provider their possibility to withdraw even more money from this two-sided market result they would probably make a few millions more I assume that that's about 10, 20, 30 millions extra that can be deducted on the other hand we have a damage per year from 900 million euros per year that's an incredible imbalance my conclusion is in a democratic country like Western Europe is the economic profit from this film that's not tolerable I think the talk of Thomas when we are going to wake up and are all market participants forced to cooperate because the whole thing is suffering the suffering is very, very widespread the German TV of course tells that it's not a problem yes and the exchange points will be discussed again and again whether it should be deducted my case for example against Swisscom it's already taking several years although it should be solved relatively quickly these negotiations and yes these broad-band providers should agree as I said as I said Telecom should be deducted twice because it makes a market other providers like Telecom Ungarn or Swisscom in Switzerland use their power to swing up their limited peering I quote Kura the head of Comcom only a fake regulator is a good regulator so thank you let's go over to the questions so those who are leaving do it silently please first question I have a question for Thomas from your talk that you did a lot of work that you really put a lot of work into it can you talk a little bit about your budget yes so this association is somehow a connection from 12 NGOs and there is no fixed household plan for everyone but we have all reports where you can read them they are transparent I can't speak specifically about the budget but I am in Austria in the Media Democracy Foundation and they have 10,000 Euros and Netflix also has 10,000 Euros for the development and also for the development of the fax because the provider on whom I am related has not paid so basically the budget is pretty small in Europe so in the USA there is a lot more means through the lobby so in comparison to Europe Europe is really what we have we have already thought whether to develop the tool to collect donations but it is very difficult because we also make these 12 NGOs all different and how to distribute the money if you want to support us if you want to support us then simply donate to the organization the corresponding initiative for net freedom are probably the two that I would prefer but they usually get a lot from the USA so I have your whole work did you really do that for 20,000 Euros? no, I was paid by Adry when I worked in Brussels but normally it was my free time my travel expenses were paid and otherwise I do that in my free time I work for data protection NGOs I work for data protection NGOs and yes so we do it for nothing people hello Thomas, thank you for your work is great my question about the companies that engage, for example the Angel Capitals why did they come so late in this discussion so how can we change that in the future I think they are great allies yes, that is the right question to the topic in Europe is there simply an organized language for these startups when it comes to digital rights you have to usually organize them over the US network that is the connection between the civil rights and the company that is organized in Brussels under the European Schirmheirschaft that is really weak so to strengthen this connection that would be great if you do that but you need business contacts and I don't have so many we really need people who diversify and spread so if we work with Barrack with the Barrack guidelines the arguments from the business side more opinion from the companies so you can work with the regulators to change something and guess not the influence of the lobby the telecom the Liberty Globals they have a lot of money and they try to influence the politicians as well as possible and they do that very well the telecoms will have people for all 28 regular the telecom will have a lot of people who have a lot of lobby work for them thank you is there a question from the internet? is there a question from the internet? it is what a peering provider should differentiate between peering providers between VPN traffic and public traffic and where is the limit between private network and internet traffic? what should I say that is a difficult question basically there is always an overcommit so as long as you don't do an overcommit there is no bandwidth so there should be no problem and the common argument is if you invest millions and millions in the broadband but unfortunately unfortunately you have to invest in your backbones and invest a little part in these interconnections to bring it slow another question another question I have a question for buffering most of the content was delivered on TCP IP what would you switch to UDP and that would change the situation? not really it won't help because if you lose the package it doesn't matter if it is UDP or TCP that was a short answer so when I came here this year I had the impression that DSL is not just a bandwidth problem but also the latency of course I have fiber 7 at home but it runs over the glass but the latency went from 60 to 80 milliseconds and today it is 80 to 120 milliseconds what is the problem? latency is directly connected if the provider doesn't have enough bandwidth then it goes up that is the disadvantage of TCP but you can find out if you trace back you can talk about how to translate trace but that could help you next question go ahead is Netflix a gated community by itself? is Netflix a gated community for itself? and are you sure that your interests are in tune with the net neutrality movement? we should distinguish between Netflix and Netflix connection the content is in the OSI otherwise I would say I am talking about the third layer network layer and Netflix are good people and they help to transfer the package I know a few people personally from the peering community and they are definitely good people for the European debate Netflix was one of the good guys in the US and they also supported the European movement but they could also survive in both sides of the market in the commercial market it would be risky to allow these new anti-net neutrality business models but of course they also have their own interests that they follow otherwise Netflix definitely pays for the German telecom otherwise nobody would be able to watch Netflix at all yes we have less time so please briefly do you have an explanation for how the European Commission behaves I especially think of Günther Oettinger who said it is totally ridiculous that net neutrality is in there he said it again and again and there seems to be no reason to give it can you explain why the Commission behaves like that we had before we have a YouTube video that fits the topic of net neutrality and the argument of Oettinger we suspect that the telecom simply has to give a little profit when it comes to roaming and that they only profit by these new regulations and the people want to win quickly yes it was a shift for the telecom industry and Oettinger is one who simply works for the lobby last question what strategy should an ISP use when the backbone is overloaded because the capacity is limited so just upgrade it costs 10.000 that is nothing just upgrade thank you that was the talk of Fedi Künzle buffering sucks


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