Hey guys, it's Nate, aka The Foot Account, and welcome back to the channel. It is Sunday, which means one thing. It's icon-packed today on FC24. For the second week in a row, we have a new leaked icon pack that could bring some new icons straight into teams today if you're lucky enough to pack them. Let's talk about this SBC preparing for it. Do we need to buy some cards for fodder? Maybe Team of the Weeks. How much will it cost? How's it going to impact the market? We're going to discuss all of that today. Also, the fact that EA dropped the same EVO yesterday two different times. Very interesting, but I think there's a reason why they did that. Let's talk about it, boys. If you're excited for it, drop a thumbs up. Subscribe if you're new. Let's go over yesterday's SBCs on a Saturday. We had a pretty basic Saturday to be completely honest, apart from one exception. First of all, this is the exception. The 82-plus player pick and upgrade SBC on a Saturday? I'm not complaining. I'm just curious. Now, the only thing is we can only do it five times per day. I'm pretty sure. But it's only 11 rares for an 82-plus player pick, which is nice. I'll take an 84, but you're looking for promo cards. You're looking for informs. You're looking for high-rate stuff out of that. And yes, it is five times per day. At least it's there, though. I'm not going to complain too much about that. GG's EA, it is a great price. Now, the real surprise yesterday was not the player that we had. Really, it was leaked. We knew that Giovanni DiLorenzo was getting an SBC, but it's the price of the SBC. 82 and 84 with the team of the week. That is a very cheap SBC. And then you look at the card. He has block playstyle, plus 90-pace and incredible stats all the way around. Three-star, three-star is a bit underwhelming. But hello to one of the best right backs in the game, especially on a budget. That is an insane right-back card for 50,000 coins. And we're two for two, guys, on amazing SBCs that have impacted the market so far during Team The Group stage. First with Harry Kane. And now with this DiLorenzo card, this SBC is 92% upvoted on footbin. And if you take a look at the card itself, you see it's got an 1,800 thumbs up on the actual card. Guys, this is an SBC that if you have a Serie A team, you got to get it in the side, right? His Trailblazers card was a cheap beast earlier on this year. This has four more paces, plus twos and plus one across the board. And it's got the block playstyle, plus along with still having rapid first touch and relentless. The relentless and the rapid are very, very nice. Again, really, really great attributes, really, really cheap.  And maybe even if you don't, do this for a future Serie A link-up that you might need. Now, of course, with this SBC being as cheap as it is, look at the fact that other right-backs are down bad. It's obvious, right? Dodo from the 195,000 coins to 113K. And I even think that he's part of the reason that Cancelo's card dropped off as much as it did yesterday. Not so much here, but from 400,000 coins down to 380, 370, where Cancelo has been in the past little bit, like this DiLorenzo card is making a lot of right-backs drop. Of course, on the flip side, just like we saw with Harry Kane, it's making Serie A cards go up. Bremer, 66,000 coins. Covich's informed card, 80,000 coins. Colulu, who, yes, did, I believe, just get it upgraded, but really take a look at his price after the SBC came out yesterday from 33,000 coins up to 42K, where he is now. He is up big time in price because of the links. It's the Italian links. Ogbana is going up because of this card that has been dropped, but it's a lot of Serie A links, specifically, that you're seeing prices go up. It even looks like Zambrata is down as an icon. An Italian icon right back is down in price because of a 50K DiLorenzo. So that is an insane SBC that was dropped yesterday, Gigi's EA for dropping that one. They also dropped the Vincent Company Hero Challenge, so make sure you get that done if you're trying to do the completionist objective that is out there. Now, let's talk about the other piece of content in evolutions, evos. Two, not one, but two of the exact same evolution. And when I saw this like yesterday, I was like, wait, what am I seeing? Double? Is this actually supposed to be here? And I think it is, guys. I don't think EA messed up with this. I think what EA is doing here is trying something and testing something out with, I mean, maybe not the best evolution, but they're giving us an opportunity which, think about it, right? All these evos that we look at, we think about, we do, we're like, okay, I'm going to put this card in because he looks insane. This evo looks great. And usually when it comes down to an evo, you're probably between what? One or two or three cards, right? Well, if you're between two cards, EA has just given us the opportunity to get both cards. Basically, if you want to grind it and get both pitch commander upgrades done, if there's players in your club that you really want to see upgraded and you have two options and you have to choose between them normally with just one evolution. Well, this is EA saying, hey, we'll let you do both. Now, the unfortunate part about this is it's 150,000 coins times two. The upgrade, yes, you do get a playstyle plus, which by the way, how many playstyle pluses have they given out this year? Not many, but how many times have they given out the intercept playstyle plus? That seems to be one of their favorite playstyle pluses to give out via an evolution. I don't know why that is. Is it a good playstyle plus? Yeah, it's solid, but they love to give it out. I mean, it's not that many games, win two, win one, and then win one and play two, so it's very, very easy to do. It's just 150,000 coins. The upgrade overall, you get plus three pace, no shooting upgrade, four passing, three dribbling, four defense, and four physicals. So it's plus threes, plus fours around the board with a playstyle plus and a weak foot upgrade as well, which is cool, but it's 150,000 coins. Once again, it is just expensive, and you're also starting off with a max 85 overall player with centered offensive mid being the preferred position here, so a center midfielder, but you can get some good cards in it. It's just the fact that it's 150,000. It's 4% upvoted. If you take a look in here, there are some pretty good options on foot.gg. One thing that might be really interesting is trying to figure out if you can, again, put an evolution like this into a double up sort of combination. This Coma Vinga might be one of the better Coma Vingas that has been available to Evo, like 85 rated. He's got left back as well. This gives him a nice pace boost. It makes him Hullet Gang apart from the shooting, so if Coma Vinga is a card that you want to evolve, I mean, that card on the market with the playstyle plus might actually be worth 150,000 coins if you want to look at it that way. It might be a little bit less than that, but that's the kind of idea you'd maybe be looking for here. Again, with a pricey Evo like this, it's just maybe something that you maybe wait until you see an insane Evo combo that you want to be a part of. It's out for 20 days. I just thought, again, and I'm sure a lot of you guys are looking at this too, like why did EA drop it twice? It's just very confusing. Now, I did choose. I tweeted out yesterday who to choose for my ultimate team champs Evo. I picked Hyunmin Sun. I know the Player of the Month Premier League card is not that bad looking. It looks nice. But Sun on this dynamic with the red card design, I know it's kind of hiding. If I can look at it here, there it is. This card looks insane, man. So I'm excited to have Sun in the side as my red footchamps item. I need to get that done. And I haven't decided yet what to do with the founders Evo guys because it's still stuck here at 80 shooting. And I hope EA fix it, but I'm not honestly expecting them to because EA, and that's why. But I think they should and they need to fix that. Now, let's get to the stuff that is coming at hand today. And we're going to go to SBCs and talk about iCompact Sunday, first of all. Now, the 87 plus baser Centurions icon upgrade, it is going away today. And if you remember last week, this was the first time last week that we saw this SBC, right? It was added to the code a week ago. It was added into the game on Sunday. But during the last couple of days, we've had yet another icon pack that has been added to the code. Now the question is, are EA going to keep moving straight along and upgrading our icon packs on Sundays? Or are they going to take a chill for a week after they've already upgraded it? But this is in the code, right? This pack is in the code, which makes us think they might be moving it straight along. The 87 plus base Centurions or Thunderstruck icon pack. So it's still 87 plus. You still got a base and a Centurions card in there. But this pack adds in the most recent icons in this game. The, sorry, not the most recent. We've had dynasties. But the live icons, the Thunderstruck icons that were out during Black Friday, which actually, like these icons have not been in the game for more than four weeks, like almost a month. These cards have been in the game, which is something that makes me think that maybe this pack isn't actually coming today because it seems like it's too fast, right? It seems like these cards being put into an upgrade pack, while some of them still are playing games this weekend to get fully upgraded, it seems a bit too fast. But hey, I think it's possible, guys. We'll just have to see. I think there's two different scenarios that EA could do today. Number one, they add this pack, which contains the Thunderstruck cards, the Centurions, and the base icon cards, right? Again, Cantona, Caca, Figo, Skulls, Pires, not the best. Soul Campbell, great card. And then, of course, this, I mean, this adds in. If they add the Thunderstruck icons in, that adds a ton of hype. Think about the Ronaldinho being packable as a special variant in this. Nesta with his nice upgraded card. Pushkas with his card. Andersar being 90-rated. Kaffu being 92. Cruyff being 95. Thierry-Henry, 93-rated with the upgrades that he's got. There would be a lot of hype for an icon pack that includes the chance at getting Thunderstruck in it. But once again, guys, it almost seems a bit too early. So I can see this going one of two ways. First way I could see things going today is EA just straight up re-release the 87-plus base or Centurion's icon upgrade, right? Last week was the first time we had this pack. It was an 86- and 87-rated squad requirement, and Informs went up a lot. And people were excited for this because it was the first time we got promo icons in an upgrade pack. That's situation number one. Situation number two would be they actually release this pack, including the Thunderstruck icons in it. And there's even more hype because you have that very small, but albeit there, chance to pack one of the Thunderstruck cards. Whatever happens today, guys, it's an icon pack. Sunday, we are very, very likely getting one of these SBCs today. One of them, probably not both, but probably one of them. So do we need to invest, right? And how is it going to impact the market? Well, if it's the same SBC, the base or Centurion's icon upgrade, it might have a little bit less of an impact unless they make it a lot cheaper. I mean this right here, 86- and 87- was already not that expensive on foot bin. This SBC shows as 279,000 coins. And I remember last Monday or last Sunday looking at this SBC and being like, wow, people actually wanted to pay that much for the added part of different icons inside of it. EA might be able to get away with making this an 87 and an 88 rated squad and then still require an inform because the Thunderstruck could be inside of it if they drop this pack today. So do we need to invest for this, right? Again, they don't often require the double team of the weeks, but I think they require the double team of the weeks so that they can keep the overall squad ratings here lower. And I think they might do that again, honestly, because number one, that's how they've been consistently doing it throughout this entire year. And number two, if they require an 88 squad or an 88-9 squad for an icon pack, yes, that would make a lot of people have to go out to the market and buy players to get that done. But at the same time, that's the part of the fodder market I think EA know moved the most. That's kind of been our favorite place to invest recently. I mean, to be honest, we keep talking about it on the weekends, right? 88s and above, because those have been moving the most with Eusebio Zidane, the Mbappe player of the month that is out, the Mbappe player of the month that is still yet to come. I still think that that high-rated part of the fodder market, the 88s and above, is my favorite place if you're going to try to invest today. Like, I still like those cards because they are the ones that are moving the most. Like, yesterday, Lewandowski was down to 51,000 coins.  He's like 53K right now. You got squad.ru awards coming out today. You got more lightning rounds packed in the store. You may be able to snag some 90s for like 50,000 coins. That's not a bad place to put some coins to then list those up for the rest of this week as people are doing again. Zidane and Eusebio and Mbappe player of the month and stuff like that. But if you're looking for an investment, again, for an icon pack like this, if they require informs like they did, if they require, even if it's just like, let's say it's an 86 and an 88-rated squad with one inform on the 86, like 88-89s might move up a decent amount. Whatever is required for an icon pack, especially if it's this one today, it'll probably move up. The amount that it moves up just depends on kind of what is required, right? The high-rated stuff moves the most and informs move the most. Informs are already 30,000 coins, I think. Even with the cheaper Team of the Week pick that is out, informs still maintain a price of 30K. And even the higher-rated ones like 86s might even be a little bit more expensive than that. So if you're going to invest in informs, you're investing and you're hoping that EA require two Team of the Weeks in that SBC again. Again, I'm not going to say don't do it because informs have been some of the best places to invest. I am not going to be investing here in any of this stuff because I'm probably not doing this icon pack unless I can craft it with untradables. But it is up to you. I just feel like, yes, EA is going to drop an icon pack today. Yes, whatever they require will probably go up. But guessing on what that's going to be takes a little bit of risk, right? Whether you go for the informs or whether you go for maybe 86s or 87s or if you go for 88s or above. I think the safest fodder play would be 89s at 36K on bids, 90s at 50, and maybe Kevin De Bruyne and Holland at like 64, 65,000 coins if you can get some snipes. Because again, the SBCs that people are consistently buying fodder for are those big boy SBCs that people are crafting. And I think that that high rated fodder could move up a little bit more during the week. So that's kind of the icon pack situation today. Now, for the rest of the market, right? The team of the group stage cards, while yes, a lot of them dropped yesterday and I did end up losing a few coins. I sold one Phil Foden and I made like 15K. The other ones, I ended up losing like 60K per card on, like yes, like a lot of our profits were wiped out because of the Phil Foden and the drop off that happened yesterday. Of course, the drop off happened as we got into the content time. I was expecting a drop off. I didn't expect it to happen as early as it did, right? I bought Phil Foden last night, like right here. And he went up to here. I was like, boom, all right, we got out. And then a couple hours later, he just got absolutely destroyed. Combination of, I guess, panic selling and supply. And honestly, his price was a little bit too expensive. That's what happens. We mentioned in yesterday's video, these cards are rare. And when the rarity like kind of, when people are done trying out the card and they think that, okay, yes, this card is rare, but it's also pretty expensive for being in packs only one day. When it's truly overpriced like that, you see some pretty crazy drop offs as people start undercutting, but nobody wants to really buy yet. I mean, Musiala went from 850 all the way down to 680. He bounced back to 750. And here we are at 680 again for this card. Like we were due some price drop offs, but it just happened very drastically yesterday and very fast, honestly, for some of these. But that actually has gotten these cards down to a very respectable and believable price range where I think today they're going to be really, really good opportunities to buy in and around the time that the icon pack drops, maybe an hour or two, three after that, because it's going to create some panic, right? And Icon SBC, whether it's the same one or whether it's this one including Thunderstruck's is going to make some of these cards move because people are going to be packing these from lighting rounds and store packs at the same time for whatever packs they give out from the icon SBC and people might even be selling these to go and get that icon SBC done. So these cards will be 100% good cards to watch for today. Make sure you focus on the rare ones, the ones that people are buying and that are hyped for, like Foden Klaus. You saw like we looked at the Foden graph and he went down to 180 and went back up to like 190, but he didn't move like that much, right? Like that's not that big of a fluctuation whereas we looked at Musiala and he had that big drop and then the bounce back. Trying to focus on the ones that had those very, very drastic fluctuations, right? Laiao went from 880 and he's down at 690 right now. Still a bit overpriced in my opinion, but watch those cards because those are ones that could move nicely heading into Monday. Hopefully we get a decent Monday market rise this week, but I think these cards are rare. They're big names. I think they'll be good to trade with. So watch the panic selling on those today. Other things happening today on Sunday. A mini-release with more cards coming out seems very possible. I mean, we don't have very many leaked players. Hakimi was a name that was thrown around that we haven't seen yet in his promo team. So we're unsure if he's actually getting a card or not, but if there's going to be a mini-release, he might be in it and I do believe that that mini-release would be today if it's going to happen. So definitely watch out for that. By the way, EA finally updated Gravenbirch's price. He's 240,000 coins for a medium-medium four-star four-star Gravenbirch. Keeping on this card today. Great place to out-plus with a relentless plus. Never going to run out of stamina for a card that a lot of people want to try for a Holy Gang Prem midfielder. That's a pretty nice card, but he's finally not extinct, which is thank you, EA, for actually updating his price correctly. So maybe more Team the Group stage cards coming out today. Really quickly, we did have more heroes that were dropped yesterday, as expected, including the Vialli card, who got a really massive upgrade. Vialli and Schneider might be the two most hyped cards that were added to the game yesterday. This Schneider looks unbelievable. Five-star five-star with those stats. The incisive pass plus. I mean, I'm sure his graph has been all over the place since he was dropped down to two mil, down to 1.5. He's now 1.6. I'm sure a lot of people really want to try that card. I'm sure they're difficult to pack, but all the heroes are now impacts for the UEFA side of things, and that is cool. So watch out for those probably moving again today on the market. These guys seem to be decently rare too, but a lot of the ones that were impacts Friday, like Foutre, Company, Bomb Pastore, they have dropped a bit in price. Keep an eye on those today as well. They might be really good to trade with because they fluctuate still a lot on the market. Now, apart from those cards being a talk of the town, we had one leak, and I think this SBC, or these two SBCs actually might have to drop today, guys, because if you remember on the last week's Monday content tweet, EA said that there was a UWCL showdown that was going to be happening, and it's the women's Madrid team versus Paris FC. RASO and Corbos. The RASO card with 98 paces shown here looks insane. I believe she was on the front page of Footbin for a minute, or is center attacking mid and right mid, three-star, four-star, five-foot-four with finesse shot rapid and quick step. That is a very cracked-looking card with some Madrid links. So I don't know if it'll be expensive. I don't know even what the card's going to look like, but that's the showdown leak that we have, and I think there's a very high likelihood that that could be today, once again, just because EA said on a Monday tweet last week that that was upcoming, and those tweets go Monday to Monday, so this is the last day for those to actually kind of be a part of that content tweet. So I would think that that's very possible as well as maybe a team of the group stage player SBC once again, and today is going to be day 17 of the advent calendar objective. Are we going to get anything today? Yesterday there was a really good one. Now I missed it because I'm a day behind, but in 80 times 10, that's pretty dope. Day 17 today, and 83 times two might help out with a little bit of the fodder crafting for the icon pack. But EA, do something cool today, all right? Give us a W icon pack. Give us that new one. Allow us to have a chance at Thunderstruck's, and maybe I would think about crafting it this week. I don't do a lot of icon packs, but maybe I would consider it if they were to do that. Is that an 84? Is that a 84 Ruben Neves? I will take that from that pack right there. Not too shabby. I don't have any other big packs to open today like we did in yesterday's video, but I do have 3 million coins, and we're going to continue to try to grow these coins into team of the year. Another reason to be careful with your coins right now. I know an icon pack like that seems great. Eusebio, Zidane, and Bapé seems great. Coins are king during team of the year, and you'll be able to craft Zidane to save it during team of the year. So if you want to start now, that's fine. Just be careful with those coins, right? Try to make some. Don't spend too much. That's the name of the game. It's not spending too many coins, especially if you're an RTG, because those coins go away quick with all this content that we have. So speaking of content, we always like to see it. Let's hope they drop a banger of an icon pack today. But if you enjoyed the video today, drop a thumbs up on our channel and comment down below if you have any questions. And subscribe if you're new. I'll see you guys in the video tomorrow. It's been Nate here for the Countin'. Peace. Out.


Hello and welcome to this presentation of the STM32 SDMMC controller module. It covers the main features of the controller which is used to connect the CPU to an SD card, MMC card, or an SDIO device. The SDMMC controller provides a communication interface for the microcontroller to communicate with multimedia cards, SD memory cards, and SDIO devices. This interface is fully configurable, allowing the easy connection of external memories thereby extending mass storage capability when more memory is needed. Applications benefit from the reduced PIN count required to interface with memory cards. With the SDMMC interface, applications can easily manage high-speed read and write operations in external flash memories. The SDMMC controller supports data bus widths of 1-bit mode, default, 4-bit mode, and 8-bit mode for enhanced data throughput. The SDMMC interface interconnects with the internal DMA, or IDMA, to offload the CPU during data read or write transfer periods. The SDMMC clock generator can generate signals up to 400 kHz for the initialization phase and up to 204 MHz for cards supporting high-speed mode. To enhance power consumption, the SDMMC clock can be disabled when the command and data buses are idle. The controller can interface with SDIO modules with advanced features like read-weight, suspend or resume operations, and standard operations like multi-byte transfer and interrupt signaling in 1- and 4-bit modes. In MMC mode, it supports stream mode, boot, and sleep operations. The SDMMC controller is an SDMMC bus master that provides all SD-SDIO and MMC functions needed to interface with cards. It consists of an SDMMC adapter and an APB interface. The SDMMC adapter provides functions such as clock generation, command and data transfer, while the APB interface manages the control and status registers, FIFO buffers, as well as DMA and interrupt requests. Two clocks are available for the SDMMC controller, the APB clock or PCLK for the APB interface, and the SDMMC clock or SDMMC CLK for the SDMMC adapter. The SDMMC adapter includes a control unit that contains a power management module and a clock control module with the clock divider for the card clock, SDMMCCK. The clock control module provides a 10-bit pre-scaler for SDMMCCK clock generation, which allows it to generate a clock ranging from SDMMC CLK down to SDMMC CLK 2046. DDR memory devices are not supported in divide by one mode. The control unit can disable SDMMCCK generation when the bus is idle. The command path circuit is used to program a command response sequence. When enabled, the command path shifts out the command index and argument on the SDMMC CMD pin. After the last payload bit is sent, a CRC7 is computed and sent on the bus before generating the end bit. SDMMC CMD IN and SDMMC CMD OUT are two modes indicating how the SDMMC CMD pin is working. When a response is expected, the command path is configured to SDMMC CMD IN and waits for the device response. The transmission and reception of commands is controlled by the command path state machine or CPSM. When no command or response is in progress, the command path is in idle state. When the CPSM is enabled to send a command, the command path moves to send state until the last bit of the command is sent. Then depending on whether a response is expected or not, the CPSM can return to idle state when no response is expected or move to a wait state and wait for a start bit on a command pin. Start of the response transmission. When a response start bit is detected within the allocated time period, the CPSM moves to receive state. After receiving the last bit of the response, the CPSM verifies the response's integrity using the received CRC and then returns to idle state. The CPSM returns to idle state after a timeout if a response start is not detected. The CPSM can be configured to send a command synchronized with the end of data transfer. When this feature is enabled, the CPSM moves to pending state and waits for the end of the MMC stream transfer. When the last data signal is triggered by the data path, the CPSM moves to send state. The CPSM can be configured to initiate the boot normal or alternative boot procedure. To trigger this boot phase, the CPSM moves to boot state. When all data in the normal boot mode has been received, the CPSM terminates the boot phase and returns to the idle state. When all data in the alternative boot mode has been received, the CPSM moves to the send state to terminate the boot phase by sending the CMD0 reset command. The SDMMC controller offers high flexibility for configuring the command indexes and arguments. With a flexible 32-bit register for configuring arguments and an independent 6-bit field for the command index, this architecture ensures that the firmware can address any type of card. The command path state machine is able to generate all command tokens with no restrictions on command index or argument. In addition, the start-bit, transmitter-bit, CRC, and end-bit fields are automatically generated and sent on the bus. Our response is a token that is sent from the card as an answer to the previous command. There are two types of responses, short and long. With four 32-bit response registers and no response constraints, the SDMMC interface supports both long and short responses to correctly initialize the card and communicate with it. Short responses have a total length of 48 bits and are composed of a mirrored command index, 32-bit command status, start-bit, stop-bit, and CRC7 checksum. When a short response is received, the command status is saved in the SDMMC RESP1 register, and the mirrored command index, when available, is copied to the SDMMC RESP CMD register. Long responses have a total length of 136 bits and are composed of the 120-bit CID CSD register content with the start-bit, stop-bit, and CRC7 checksum. When received, the CID CSD card register is copied to one of the four SDMMC RESPX registers. The SDMMC interface also features the automatic detection of a start-bit, command index extraction, 32 or 128-bit response extraction, and automatic CRC7 verification. Once the SDMMC ARG and SDMMC CMD registers are programmed with CMD index, weight RESP equals 01 or 11, and CPS men equals 1, the CPSM moves from idle to send state, and the host starts driving the SDMMC CMD line to send the command to the card. If the CPSM is programmed to wait for a response, weight RESP equals 01, 10, or 11, it enters the wait state, and the command timer starts running. If the card doesn't respond within the maximum NCR time, the timeout flag is set, and the CPSM returns to idle state. When no response is programmed, weight RESP equals 00, the CPSM returns to the idle state. Once a start-bit is driven by a device, it is detected on the command line, and the CPSM moves to receive state. When the response is fully received, the received CRC code and the internally generated checksum code are compared, and the appropriate status flags are set in the SDMMC interface status register. Then the CPSM enters the idle state. Note that the CRC fail flag will only be set for responses with a CRC, and when the CRC check failed. After a complete command with a response is received, the CPSM remains in idle state for at least eight SDMMCCK clock periods to meet command to command timing or NCC and response to command timing or NRC constraints. The data path transfers data both to and from the SD-SDIO or MMC card. In single data rate, or SDR mode, on each SDMMCCK clock cycle, the data path can send one, four, or eight bits depending on the bus width configuration. In double data rate, or DDR mode, on each SDMMCCK clock cycle, the data path can send two, eight, or sixteen bits depending on the bus width configuration. Transfer logic is clocked by the SDMMCCLK clock. It is divided into two subunits, one for data sent and one for data received with a dedicated control bit and status flags. The data buffer is not part of the data path. Transmit and receive FIFO logic are mapped in the AHB domain. All signals from the different subunits are resynchronized. The CRC calculator guarantees data integrity between the card and host. At the end of the data packet, the CRC is calculated automatically. In single data rate, or SDR mode, depending on the configured data bus width, the data path sends data blocks over one, SDMMCD0, four, SDMMCD0 to SDMMCD3, or eight pins. SDMMCD0 to SDMMCD7. First, a start bit is generated on the bus, followed by the data packet with the first to last bytes of the sequence, the fourth byte in our example. Then the CRC16 and end bit are appended to the data packet on the bus line. In a four-bit data width configuration, each line has its own start bit, end bit, and CRC16 check sum. When the data is sent to the card, the card returns a CRC status on the SDMMCD0 pin. In this example, the four bytes are sent over the SDMMCD bus in 8-bit mode. For each SDMMCDCK clock cycle, a byte is shifted out with a start bit, end bit, and CRC16 check sum on each data line. When the data is sent to the card, the card returns a CRC status on the SDMMCD0 pin. The data path state machine or DPSM controls the transmission and reception of all data. When the DPSM is in idle state, the first transition is triggered when the DPSM enable bit and transfer direction are set. Note, the DPSM enable bit must not be used to transfer data with SD, SDIO, and MMC cards. For data transmission, when enabled, the DPSM moves from idle to wait-s state and then to send state. While in wait-s state, the DPSM waits until the data-fifo empty flag is de-asserted. When data is available in the FIFO buffer, the DPSM moves to the send state. In send state, the DPSM starts sending data to a card according to the data rate, the bus mode, and the bus width set in the control register. At the end of each data packet, the DPSM sends an internally generated CRC code and end bit, and moves to the busy state. In busy state, the DPSM waits for a CRC status flag. If it receives a positive CRC status, it moves to wait-s state when the card is not busy. From wait-s state, a new packet transmission can start, or the DPSM can return to idle state when all the data is transmitted or the transfer is disabled. A negative CRC status from the card or a FIFO underrun error can force the DPSM to return to idle state when the card is not busy. For data reception, the DPSM moves from idle to wait-s state. When a start bit is detected on the bus, the DPSM moves to receive state, where it remains until a full packet is received. As long as the end of data transfer flag and errors are not detected, the DPSM will keep switching between wait-R and receive states. If an error or the end of data transfer flag is detected, the DPSM will return to idle state. If the transfer is to be disabled, the DPSM moves to the idle state. A read-wait state is an SDIO-specific operation to stall the transfer in order to execute other commands or internal operations. It can be reached from receive state while a transmission is ongoing or from idle state. When the firmware requests a read-wait stop operation, the DPSM moves to wait-R state and waits for a start bit from the SDIO device. In boot acknowledgement, the DPSM moves from idle to wait-ax state. When a positive acknowledgement is detected, the DPSM moves to wait-R state to receive the boot data as for data reception. If a boot acknowledgement timeout or a negative boot acknowledgement is received, an abort command has to be sent by the CPSM, whereafter the DPSM moves to the idle state. In double data rate or DDR mode, depending on the configured data bus width, the data path sends data blocks over 4 SDMMC D0 to SDMMC D3 or 8 pins, SDMMC D0 to SDMMC D7. First, a full cycle start bit is generated on the bus, followed by the data packet with the first to last bytes of the sequence, with odd byte data on the falling edge of the clock and even byte data on the rising edge, the fourth byte in our example. Then the odd and even CRC16 check sums and full cycle end bit are appended to the data packet on the bus lines. In a 4-bit data width configuration, each line has its own start bit, end bit, and odd and even CRC16 check sums. When data is sent to the card, the card will return a full cycle CRC status on the SDMMC D0 pin. Double data rate mode is not available in 1-bit mode. In this example, the 4 bytes are sent over the SDMMC bus in double data rate 8-bit mode. For each SDMMC CK clock cycle, 2 bits are shifted out with a full block cycle start bit and end bit, and odd and even CRC16 check sums on each data line. When data is sent to the card, the card will return a full cycle CRC status on the SDMMC D0 pin. In MMC stream mode, the data path sends a stream over one pin, SDMMC D0. First, a start bit is generated on the bus followed by the data stream with the first to last bytes of the sequence, the fourth byte in our example. Then the end bit is appended to the stream on the bus line. In stream mode, there is no CRC, and the card will not return a CRC status after having received data. A 32-bit wide 16-word deep FIFO is used to buffer data between the slave AHB domain and the IDMA on the master AHB domain. A single data FIFO is the data source for the data path transmit and receive packets. Depending on the DPSM status, the data path FIFO can be disabled, transmit enabled, or receive enabled. Dedicated receive and transmit FIFO status flags are available to ease firmware implementation. When enabled, the IDMA transfers data between the FIFO and an external memory offloading the CPU. The integrated DMA inside the SDMMC transfers data between memory and the SDMMC FIFO, allowing reduction of the CPU processing and AHB bus load. Two IDMA operating modes are supported. Single buffer mode, where all transfer data is located in a single linear buffer, or double buffer mode used to alternately transfer data located in one of the two buffers, or creating a buffer linked list. The IDMA double buffer mode allows firmware to update one buffer, while the SDMMC transfers the data of the other buffer. Either transfer data is alternated between two buffers with fixed base address, or the buffer base address is altered, allowing creation of a linked list. Every time the IDMA reaches the end of one buffer, an IDMA buffer transfer complete interrupt is generated. The hardware flow control function is used to avoid FIFO underrun when DPSM is in send mode and overrun errors when DPSM is in receive mode. The hardware flow control logic stops the SDMMC CK PIN signals and freezes the DPSM when a risk of underrun overrun is detected. Hardware flow control must not be used with a variable delay, for example, SDR104. In send state, the SDMMC CK PIN clock signal is stretched and the DPSM is frozen to prevent any FIFO underruns. The clock and DPSM are restarted when the FIFO is half-full, or all the last transfer data is available in the FIFO. In receive state, the SDMMC CK clock is stretched and the DPSM is frozen in receive state while the FIFO is full, risk of overrun. The clock and DPSM are restarted when the FIFO becomes half-empty. Concept. The read-wait operation is an SDIO-specific operation that allows the host to temporarily stall the data transfer between data blocks for better managing the data buffer or for sending commands to other functions of the SDIO device. The SDMMC controller supports two read-wait modes, either by stopping the SDMMC CK or using SDMMC D2 signaling. The advantage of SDMMC D2 signaling is that you are still able to communicate with the card while in read-wait mode. When the RW start bit is set, after the data block is fully transferred and the CRC code is correct, the DPSM moves to the read-wait state. The DPSM remains in read-wait state until terminated by writing 1 to the RW stop bit. The RW stop bit is auto-cleared by hardware once the read-wait phase is terminated. If the CRC code fails any further, all data transfers are stopped and the DPSM remains in the received state. An abort command needs to be sent by the CPSM, which moves the DPSM to idle state. In this case, the read-wait state will not be entered. Read-wait mode must be used with a variable delay, such as SD104, to handle FIFO flow control. With multi-function cards, there are multiple devices that share the access to the SDBuds. When the function supports suspend-resume, the host can temporarily halt data transfers to perform other internal operations or to communicate with other functions and then resume the suspended transaction. If a card supports the suspend-resume feature, the host can temporarily halt a data transfer operation to one function or memory in order to free the bus for a higher priority transfer to a different function or memory. A command with the CMD suspend bit set must be sent to indicate to the SDMMC that the current command is a suspend command. If a suspend request is accepted, the DPSM will wait in waitR state as the function is only suspended after a complete data block. When IDMA mode is used, it empties the reception FIFO. If the application reads the FIFO, it has to empty the reception FIFO before setting the DT hold bit to idle state. When the FIFO is empty and the DT hold bit is set, the DPSM moves to idle state. Only then can the firmware start communication with a higher priority portion of the card. In order to restore a suspended transaction, the firmware needs to reconfigure the DPSM to read the remaining data before requesting a function resume. This function is no longer supported in SDIO version 4 or more recent. The interrupt concept is used to inform the host of changes in the card status using the SDMMC D1 IRQ pin in one bit or in 4-bit data bus mode. SDIO interrupts are sent from the card to the SDMMC host when the card detects an external event. Interrupts are only sent outside the data transfer periods. The SDMMC host detects interrupts sent on the SDMMC D1 pin once the SDIO EN configuration bit in the data control register is enabled. While the DPSM remains in idle state and in busy state between data blocks for DS, HS, SDR12 and SDR25 speed, or after the last data block in all speed modes, all low levels on the SDMMC D1 pin are detected as interrupts from the card to the host. Here is an overview of CPSM interrupt events related to commands. Correct command transfers are either signaled by CMD sent, command without response, or CMDR end, command with response. Command transfer errors are signaled with CCRC fail and C-timeout. CPSM ACT signals when a command transfer is in progress. Here is an overview of DPSM interrupt events related to data transfers. Correct transfers of all data is signaled by data end. Correct transfer of a data block is signaled by DBCK end used with the read-wait feature. Data transfer errors are signaled with DCRC fail, D-timeout, TX under R and RX over R. Aborting an ongoing data transfer or after a transfer error is signaled with D abort. Data send transfer busy indication is signaled with busy D0 and busy D0 end used with the R1B command, SD voltage switch feature and SDMMC sleep feature. DPSM ACT signals when a data transfer is in progress. Here is a list of flags available for FIFO management in interrupt and polling modes. DMA requests are internally generated when triggered by FIFO threshold events. Here is an overview of interrupt events related to IDMA, boot, voltage switch and SDIO interrupt. An IDMA master AHB transfer error is signaled by IDMATE. Correct transfer of a complete data buffer is signaled by IDMA BTC used with double buffer mode. Boot acknowledgement errors are signaled with ACT fail and ACT timeout. Voltage switch progress is signaled with VSW end and CK stop. The SDIO interrupt is signaled with SDIO IT. Here is an overview of the peripheral status at specific low power configuration modes. The device is not able to perform any communication in domain or system stop mode and lower. It is important to ensure that all transmissions are completed before the SDMMC controller is disabled or the domain or system is switched down to stop or standby mode. Note that the AHB bandwidth must be at least three times greater than the SDMMC bandwidth. Performance depends mainly on the SDMMC bus width and clock configuration. The SDMMC interface can generate clock signals up to 204 MHz but real speed can be decreased by the application and depends on several factors. The SDMMC bus capacitance has to be considered as PCB track and card input capacity can play a significant role. GPIO settings also have an effect. Fast GPIO mode should be applied on command, data and clock signals. Lower power supply voltages and extreme ambient temperatures slow down the edges and in some cases the application can't always manage fast data flows especially due to overly frequent exception servicing or long time spent in interrupt handlers. Note that the AHB bandwidth must be at least three times greater than the SDMMC bandwidth. The SDMMC interface can be used in a wide range of applications where a low pin count is needed to interface with removable or permanent mass storage data memories. The SDMMC controller can be used to extend device connectivity when using external SDIO devices, for example Bluetooth SDIO modules. Here is a list of peripherals related to the SDM32 SDMMC interface. Users should be familiar with all the relationships between these peripherals to correctly configure and use the SDMMC controller.


Welcome to Think Tech on Spectrum OC 16, Hawaii's weekly newscast on things that matter to tech and to Hawaii. I'm Cynthia Sinclair. And I'm Anna Jimenez-McMillan. In our show this time we'll visit the state capitol and meet with Lieutenant Governor Josh Green. We'll take a tour of his office and compare notes with him on current issues and political initiatives. Who is Josh Green? He's a doctor and a politician and the Lieutenant Governor of Hawaii. He's a member of the Democratic Party and was a state senator from the third district on the Big Island from 2009 to 2018 and a state representative for the sixth district on the Big Island from 2005 to 2009. We know him at Think Tech. He was a talk show host hosting a series called Healthcare in Hawaii when he was a state senator before he became Lieutenant Governor. Here are some excerpts from the show he hosted. Just recently we ran into him at the opening of the new Planned Parenthood Center on Baratana Street. Well, we're advocating for women's health today. They have built a beautiful clinic downstairs that respects our women's needs for whatever health services they may require, may want, may desire. That's what we are about in Hawaii. We're about taking care of people and to have ever left any women's health availability on the table or in another state or another part of our state is unacceptable. When we saw him that day, he was happy to make a date with us so we went to visit him at his office in the state capitol. First, we walked the halls of the capitol building itself. We walked around the rotunda on the ground floor. The fifth floor is dedicated to the Governor and the Lieutenant Governor. Henry went up to the fifth floor to meet Lieutenant Governor Josh Green at his office and to get a tour and see what his office looks like and get an idea of what it's like to be Lieutenant Governor. And we also wanted to compare notes with him on the issues he's concerned about and the initiatives he's working on, particularly homelessness in our state. He was happy to talk to us about those things. Thanks for taking time. So this has been an exciting early adventure. Right now we're here in the ceremonial room of Lieutenant Governor's office, which is everyone's office. We hope people come. Just this morning we had 50 engineers around this table and we got a national report about our state of our infrastructure. We talked a great deal about what we really need to do on things like wastewater. We're worried about storm water. We're worried about all of our infrastructure issues so we had a great way to bring people together. Meanwhile, they're seeing history because if you start over here, we've got the 14 previous Lieutenant Governors here on our wall. Pretty interesting people, James K. Aloha, then William Richardson, who became Chief Justice. Right? We had Andrew Ng. All these people are pretty famous. I mean, Andrew Ng I think was the CEO of Aloha, Thomas Gill, we all know, Labor Leader George Ariyoshi, former Governor Nelson Doi, needs no introduction, and Gene King, you know, a women's leader from the start. I mean, really special people. Here we have now other Lieutenant Governors that went on to more higher political office I guess. John Mohe, who I had lunch with yesterday, who looks about the same, same, you know, vibrancy. He's a great guy. Senator Cayetano, again, spark plug of a human being, loves to mix it up. Our current U.S. Senator, Maisie Hirona, who was Lieutenant Governor. So I feel, you know, it's humbling and quite extraordinary. Duke Iona, really interesting good human being I think, great mustache. Brian Schatz, who is a dear friend and is now our Senator, our Senior Senator, and Shansetsu, who I called a friend, who was also our Senate President when I was there. And we're going to save some space for Doug Chin, who was a terrific Attorney General, and then served a short stint as Lieutenant Governor to support Governor E. Gay. So it is quite something. Here's the seal, which we often come and have ceremonial moments here with dignitaries, ambassadors, leaders of the community.  Like I said, we had the engineers. Every day we do something best we can. And I, of course, focus on health, human services as a physician. But to have these people, which is just amazing, kind of looking at us over our shoulder, if you will, and then the actual work that we do, we're trying to treat this office like a super-vibrant, day-in, day-out place of action. So it's neat so far. So that's this room. Let me take you on a tour out. Walking into my office, which I feel pretty blessed to have. The paintings are amazing. They come from the State Art Museum. So as you see the art all across the office, we're working on a Lieutenant Governor's Initiative on Homelessness, Addiction, and Mental Health Care. This is how we break it down. We break it down based on projects that should be done, private sector, public sector, mobile health. Making sure we have a volunteer corps with our religious community. Working on Waimanalo Solution, Hawaii Health Systems Corporation. I just got back from the state hospital and Hina Maoka today. Interviewing them, trying to find more resources. There's good news all around. Working with private folks that really offer a lot in the health sector. So there's that. That's our homeless piece combined with an innovations think tank, which we're beginning, which will be a grant writing entity, to write grants for people who want to do humanitarian projects. I'd like to seek universal health care for the people in Hawaii. And that's what we're calling Hawaii care 100%. So that will be unveiled at some point. Health care provider shortage, which we've spoken about on Think Tech many times, the governor would like me to work on that as well. And we're talking about global warming. Like with the engineering corps today that we had. Charing the food bank fundraiser. Working with Mao Farms, hopefully to help them with their farming. Disaster preparedness, some hair-raising stories. Adult dental, anything you can imagine that might help people we would like to be somehow supportive of. And when people have new ideas, we jump into them. We have maps here just because we're looking at, this is Wainae, right? This is where the Boat Harbor is. This is where the Pua Onua Hawaiian Eye is. And we're trying to make sure we have additional support for them. This is the model of a Waimanalo respite space. Or we're really referring to these kind of areas as places of refuge, along with the Hawaiian tradition of places of refuge. Where people can get some social respite and medical respite. It's very important. So this is how we kind of go about the day and create ideas. And then the team mixes it up and we try to find partners. We have overlapping three circles over there. Could you give us a concept on that? There's a large number of people that are in poverty, which is very, very troubling. And it hurts to watch people live in poverty when there's so much wealth in our country and our state. But those who live in poverty, because it's expensive to live in Hawaii, often overlap with those who are suffering with mental illness. And when that happens, people begin to fall into a homeless state. When you add addiction, the crisis of addiction, which plagues about 10% of our population, you hit an unpleasant sweet spot, which is about 18% of all those who are homeless and up falling in this category. Chronically homeless with addiction and mental illness. Those individuals have a very, very hard time pulling out of their tailspin. Of the 1,500 or so chronically homeless individuals, the median spend is $82,000 per person per year, which is $123 million of state taxpayer money that goes into Medicaid. By putting a roof over anyone's head, we say 43%, or $53 million if we could get people coverage. If we could get them a house or a roof over their head so they don't become, as you saw the numbers recently, there are individuals who are homeless, who are sheltered, and those who are unsheltered. These are unsheltered homeless that are struggling with these challenges. And as soon as you come into a place where you can get some help, taxpayer dollars drop the spend and suffering drops even more precipitously. So that's why I'm so focused on that. It's focused mostly to make sure people aren't hurting, but also these are real serious initiatives that will save us money that we can invest in early education or that we can invest in free tuition at the community colleges or we can build actual permanent housing for housing first. So that's how we're approaching it. There's lift zones on this list. We're gonna be launching those out of the city program with the help of the state. The home project. A lift zone is a mobile navigation center where the police will run it. They basically come in with very fully equipped inflatable tents. And these tents can serve a shelter for up to 90 days. We provide social services and health services and people just plain get some relief. A lot of social workers and then move hopefully to permanent supportive housing. And that way we don't have tent cities, parks overcome and overrun by people who are struggling. So we all know that there shouldn't be tent cities and there shouldn't be people that are unsheltered who are homeless, should be any homeless, frankly. But that's the goal. And the state's planning on putting $6 million towards that from the Ohana zone monies was meeting this morning before the day really even got going with Scott Moore Shaggy who's just terrific, worked very hard with him, Eddie Mercero, who's the head of behavioral health for the Department of Health. And that's the kind of stuff we're working on. This is actually the official conference room. So two evenings ago, we held a gathering, reception for the Aeronautical Association of Hawaii, which I'm chairing now. And it's kind of a neat thing. It's one of those things that they asked Lieutenant Governor to do. And it's to look at aerospace and issues regarding anything up in the air, whether it's rockets to drones to what we do with planes. And they're important to me, not just because of it being interesting, but because they do search and rescue. And so to have the Coast Guard and those folks to come talk to us about what they can do and how they can help people, very valuable. So we had about 30 or 40 of them, which was great. But we use this room for all kinds of things. Sometimes it's like the Attorney General, sometimes it's the ambassador or the consulate from Japan. Sometimes it's collecting food. We're hosting the Food Bank fundraiser this year for the state of Hawaii. So all of the union, I'm sorry, the departments and all the union workers and whatnot, they donate food, we encourage them. So we even store some food here when our people bring it. And we encourage volunteers and we encourage people who are coming to see us anyway, tell them, why don't you bring some food supplies to and we're gonna distribute it. So we're into the Food Bank. They have about a 14-day backup supply for us in case of a disaster and it's important. So we're looking at disaster preparedness from a lot of different angles, from the health perspective, human services perspective, response perspective, food perspective, all these things. Today with the engineers, what the impact of clean water would be or wastewater if we had a surge. So I'm trying to have a holistic approach to it. And so far so good. In my 14 years as a legislator, I flew what we believe to, I can't even keep track of 800 round trips back and forth to Big Island. So it was a lot. Yeah, a lot less now. More like one of the week instead, yeah. It's been, what, two months and change since you, can you talk about your first impressions? The first two months and change, we've had a chance to do so many different things. We have had the opportunity to actually serve as acting governor for a week when the Gov was traveling, which was very flattering. We had a landslide and we had to sign off on emergency declarations right then, also for Maui. So that was something. And meanwhile, every day we do something. We go off into the field and we've been doing community medicine. We've been helping people get access to long-acting antipsychotic drugs. We've been building new programs and promoting the model that we have for a homeless health system is essentially what we're building, which will save money for taxpayers and greatly decrease suffering. We go and do cleanups. We meet with ambassadors. We develop big humanitarian projects. So it's a perfect job for me because I like to have a role where I can be flexible in whatever our interests are and try to help people. Because as a doctor, that's really all I did or do. And now I can do it from a different perspective. And we saw you two weeks ago at the Planned Parenthood opening. That was very nice. They were great. My grandmother, I think I might have mentioned then, was president of Planned Parenthood in Pennsylvania, Western Pennsylvania many years ago when I was a little guy. And so I first of all, I respect them immensely for providing women's healthcare to anyone who needs it. And it's kind of an homage to my grandmother and my mom to a degree. So I love that. And I love the fact that people were out there to support. And I even respect the fact that there are people that express their opposition to it. Hey, that's democracy in America. That's good. As long as we can be peaceful with one another. So all of that was good. That was a great day. Our security team is here, always ready to help out. Sure. Here's the front room where when we are kind of seeing people come in from the community, they're greeted very pleasantly by our team up front. And this is where we take people in. We do work with name changes. We have to be responsible and respectful of their needs for Apla Steals, which are formal documents that are from Hawaii to be used elsewhere. But we've tried to be very welcoming so that whenever somebody comes in, if they have a need, and it's it's hectic over on the governor's side, we try to be available for whatever additional problems they have. Are you enjoying it? Are you having fun? Are you finding your personal niche and doing this job? I am. I'm happier now than I was before in the legislative process. After a few years, I think I started for 14 years, which is hard to believe actually. And this just suits my style and my tempo better. You know, I think that I like to dive into problems and see what comes, see what allies emerge, see what is possible, see which other partnerships that maybe aren't even governmental can offer. And that is way more available to a person in the executive branch. Josh Green is very personable and we're glad we went to see him. We wish him well in this administration and look forward to talking with him again. After all, he's got four years to go as Lieutenant Governor of our state. Want to know more about the state capital and the Hawaii legislature? Check out capital.Hawaii.gov. Want to know more about Josh Green and the office of the Lieutenant Governor? Check out joshgreen.org or look him up in Wikipedia. Learn about the state government and don't forget to participate in it too. After all, it's our government. We are the government and the government is us. Yes, it is our government. We are the government and the government is us. And now, let's check out our think tech schedule of events going forward. Think Tech broadcasts its talk shows live on the internet from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. on weekdays. Then we broadcast our earlier shows all night long and on the weekends. And some people listen to them all night long and on the weekends. If you missed a show or if you want to replay or share any of our shows, they're all archived on demand on thinktecawaii.com and YouTube. And on our iPhone and Android apps, both available for download on your smartphone. For our audio, go to thinktecawaii.com slash audio and we post all our shows as podcasts on iTunes. Visit thinktecawaii.com for our weekly calendar and live stream and YouTube links. Or better yet, sign up on our email list and get our daily email advisories. Think Tech has a high tech green screen studio at Pioneer Plaza. If you want to see it or be part of our live audience or participate in our shows, contact shows at thinktecawaii.com. If you want to pose a question or make a comment during a show, call<PHONE_NUMBER> and help us raise public awareness on Think Tech. Go ahead, give us a thumbs up on YouTube or send us a tweet at thinktechhi. We'd like to know how you feel about the issues and events that affect our lives in these islands and in this country. We want to stay in touch with you and we'd like you to stay in touch with us. Let's think together. And now, here's this week's Think Tech commentary. Aloha, I'm Jay Fidel, the CEO of Think Tech Hawaii. You know, events move faster these days. We all know that. The media is under pressure and some people are at war with it. We all know that too. We need to support the media. How about supporting Think Tech? We provide a platform for volunteer citizen journalism, lots of it, so important in these difficult times. Help us keep doing what we do. Help us stay on the air. Go to thinktechhawaii.com, give what you can. If you like what you see, then please give generously. We're a Hawaii digital media nonprofit and your donations are tax deductible. We need you, you need us. And we should all go out of our way to support and improve our community. Let's think together every day. Click on the button that says donate and help us raise public awareness in Hawaii. Thanks so much. I'm Jay Fidel. I care about Hawaii and I care about Think Tech. Aloha. We'll be right back to wrap up this week's edition of Think Tech. But first, we wanna thank our underwriters. Okay, Anna, that wraps up this week's edition of Think Tech. Remember, you can watch Think Tech on Spectrum OC16 several times every week. Can't get enough of it, just like Anna does. For additional times, check out oc16.tv. For lots more Think Tech videos and for underwriting and sponsorship opportunities on Think Tech, visit thinktechhawaii.com. Be a guest or a host, a producer or an intern and help us reach and have an impact on Hawaii. Thanks so much for being part of our Think Tech family and for supporting our open discussion of tech, energy, diversification and global awareness in Hawaii. And of course, the ongoing search for innovation and good government, wherever we can find it. And in any event, you can watch this show throughout the week and tune in next Sunday evening for our next important Think Tech episode. I'm Anna Jimenez McMillan. And I'm Cynthia Sinclair. Aloha, everyone.


What it was like being a drug addict? What is life as a drug addict like?  From starring in some big time Hollywood films to getting married to superstar Katy Perry, Russell was easily one of the UK's most popular celebs. But Russell also had well documented battles with substance abuse that would result in more than a dozen close calls with the law. Today Russell has been clean for 20 years and has reinvented himself as a self-help guru who's penned multiple books to help others overcome their demons. He also hosts his Under the Skin podcast alongside streaming Stay Free on Rumble to enlighten others on the positive effects of spiritual development. After overcoming all of those obstacles with the help of wellness tools like yoga and transcendental meditation, Brand's newfound zen life has rubbed off on his home life too. Thanks to social media we've been offered a glimpse into Brand's charming English country cottage, candles and crystals all over the place. Today Russell Brand lives in an idyllic 3.3 million pounds property he bought in 2016 in the town of Henley on Tame's Oxfordshire alongside his wife Laura and their two girls. Originally built in 1897 and dubbed the Thatched Cottage, the sixth bedroom residence was formerly home to Elizabeth Beaux-Leon, the queen's mother's cousin and would also be used as a location in the popular English TV show Lewis. Consisting of just under 4,000 square feet of space and situated on an acre of land, Russell's family home sits next to the river Tames with part of his property extending as far as the river banks. Elsewhere outside the property is believed to boast a self-contained annex in the garden. When it comes to the inside, all we really know is what Russell has been kind enough to show off over on social media. These pics show that Russell's home is a relaxed space. For starters, his kitchen offers just enough room while also including rustic finishes that provide the appropriate cottage-like vibe alongside a state-of-the-art oven and vintage storage units. Another favorite location of Brand's to record content is inside of his study with its wood shelves and a large writing desk. Then his living room features pastel furniture as well as sheer curtains that lightly conceal a series of sliding doors leading out to his well-manicured green garden. In case you can't tell by now, Brand has maintained a country theme running through his cottage thanks to his use of sheepskin rugs, brick walls and home-spun furniture throughout. Surprisingly, that style pairs nicely with Russell's religious iconography as well. Brand has hung Buddhist artwork all over the walls and on top of his mantle pieces while also featuring candles heavily throughout, often alongside a number of large crystals which he uses to release stress and rebalance his energy levels. It's believed that Russell spent an additional 1 million pounds installing a home theater and a swimming pool on the premises too. Then about four years after moving here, Russell would buy himself a brand new home. Russell Brand originally departed from Hollywood in the early 2010s but almost 10 years later he'd return to Los Angeles to buy a new house, a $3 million Spanish style hacienda located in outpost states in the Hollywood Hills. Built in 1956, this home has since undergone some thorough renovations while maintaining a feel of its original details including stunning vaulted wood ceilings, large windows and a vast number of skylights that flood the 3,500 square foot home with pleasant natural light. Inside are three bedrooms and five bathrooms while hardwood floors run through nearly every room. Over in the living room, you'll discover a large corner fireplace partnered with rustic furniture, traditional area rugs that give a pop of color as well as massive windows showing off the garden right outside. One of the highlights of the home is no doubt the cozy kitchen with patterned how back splash wood cabinets and charming skylights. Meanwhile, one of the property's bathrooms uses an aquamarine color scheme to frame its tub while the home's primary ensuite is even more spacious and done up in marble. Also in the primary suite, it's as vast as you'd probably imagine with more than enough room for a giant Alaskan king size bed as well as several accent chairs to go along with all of the carpet underfoot. In addition to the main structure, the property also includes a detached music studio that could be reimagined as a home office, storage space or a separate guest room. Wrapping things up is a covered patio outback that provides more than enough room for some enjoyable alfresco dining including an iron chandelier overhead to help increase the ambiance. There are also multiple decks perfect for sunbathing as well as a large rectangular pool with an outdoor shower. As incredible as this home clearly is, it's unclear how much time Russell and his family plan on spending here. If I had to guess, it's something he picked up just in case he's in LA for work because Russell also recently bought yet another property back in England which he apparently has some very big plans for. In addition to his stunning homes, Russell Brand has purchased a formerly popular club as well. The venue known as the Crown Inn is located in the town of Fishel and it's believed Russell spent around 850,000 pounds to buy it in late 2021. Located close to where Russell currently lives in Henley, this grade two listed pub dates back to the 16th century featuring an abundance of exposed wooden beams, red brick walls, a couple giant fireplaces and an exterior compound large enough to hold 120 guests. Elsewhere on the grounds, the property includes a two bedroom cottage as well as a separate barn that was formerly used to stage weddings. Reports suggest the actor declined to take on any wedding bookings because he plans on turning the bar into a vegan restaurant, a decision that has angered a bunch of locals, one of whom told the sun, we've heard he's planning to turn the pub into a vegan restaurant. Why would anybody want that? He clearly never had any intention of using the pub as a pub. He doesn't even drink alcohol. Why buy a pub if you don't drink? As upset as some of his new neighbors are by his business decisions, they're even angrier that Russell is planning on turning the garage of the property into a recording studio for his YouTube channel. Planning documents state that brand will pay for minor external alterations to the structure and once this renovation is complete, he'll then turn his attentions towards reopening the pub itself. The surrounding community has since made it clear that they don't support this idea though so we'll just have to see what happens. Alright everyone, that's gonna bring this house tour to a close. Thanks so much for watching and before you head out, consider answering the following question. What are the odds a vegan restaurant will flourish in an English town of 12,000 people? Let me know if you think Brand's business sense is failing him in the comments down below. Otherwise, like, subscribe and turn on your notifications to make sure you never miss an episode. My name is Kara and if you'd like to check out another tour, stay tuned for a look inside the homes of the late great Peewee Herman. I'll see you next time. Bye! Simply put, you either got the joke or you didn't. But now this legendary and often controversial star has died at the age of 70 following a private battle with cancer. A statement posted to his official Instagram page alerted us to the news while sharing a quote from Robins himself, explaining why he kept this illness to himself. Please accept my apology for not going public with what I've been facing the last six years. I've always felt a huge amount of love and respect for my friends, fans and supporters. I've loved you all so much and enjoyed making art for you. Paul moved from his hometown of Sarasota, Florida to Los Angeles, California in the 70s. As a member of the Groundlings comedy group, Paul developed the foolish but fun-loving Peewee Herman, which would lead to a little-seen HBO series in 1981 titled The Peewee Herman Show. That version was far more adult than what would come next when the wider world at large was introduced to this oddball character in Tim Burton's 1985 film Peewee's Big Adventure. Following its release, children of all ages were immediately captivated by the film's major set piece, Peewee Herman's incredible gadget-filmed home. Peewee would return the following year in a CBS series known as Peewee's Playhouse, which aired from 1986 to 1990. In the process, this character moved from cult favorite to a cultural phenomenon, thanks in no small part, to the series' updated mid-century living room set with its candy color palette, off-kilter angles and furniture that literally came alive before your very eyes. Yeah, in Peewee's Playhouse everything was live, a globe, the floor, even the food in the fridge. And amazingly enough, this location is actually a real thing. Well, kind of. Stay tuned to find out because in memory of Paul's remarkable career, I'm going to take you on a trip through memory lane. Peewee Herman's gizmo drenched home is the real deal, or at least the outside of it is, while the actual home boasts the quintessential white picket fence you'd no doubt expect. Unfortunately, the exterior of the structure isn't painted that same pillar box shade of red. Instead, it's kind of yellow. Oh, and the front yard isn't alive with those brightly colored figures either. Located on Oxley Street, a leafy stretch in South Pasadena, California, Peewee's home is located on the same road as a number of other famous on-screen abodes, the most infamous of which is probably Laurie Strode's home from the original Halloween. Just down the street from that nightmare factorate, you'll find the real-life property that was used as the exterior for Peewee's home. This house was built in 1922 and boasts two bedrooms, two bathrooms, as well as just under 1,300 square feet of space. The cool thing is that even without Peewee's unique lawn art, not to mention the passage of over 35 years, this home is still immediately recognizable. In fact, Peewee's rickety old detached garage, located at the end of his driveway, is still completely unchanged. Other details, like the white picket fence, also remain but set pieces that were specifically designed for the film, such as Peewee's mailbox, have been taken down and replaced with much tamer fare. Of course, the interior of Peewee's home in the film was constructed entirely as a set, so if you step inside the place today, you won't find any of what you'd probably be looking for.  Over in the kitchen are dark marble counters, white cabinets, and a large porcelain sink that's only a few feet away from the nearby dining space. Here, there's a giant weathered wooden table that boasts seating for 8. Meanwhile, the bedrooms are all located on the main floor. One of those is currently being used as a child's bedroom, while the primary suite boasts direct access to the property's backyard. And there's also a tiny office space that could serve as a third bedroom in a pinch. According to multiple sources, like Redfin and Zillow, the last time this home was sold was on September 13, 1974, or just $15,500. That means the same owners who rented this spot to be used in the film still own the property to this day. More than just that, Redfin estimates that the home's current market value has ballooned to $1.5 million. In 2021, right around the time of the 35th anniversary of Peewee's big adventure, the owners of the property put the home up for rent at around $4,000 per month. I'm not sure how many people actually took them up on the offer, but anyone who did was bound to be disappointed when their favorite characters from the film and TV series didn't show up.  Or how about Mr. Window, the googly-eyed piece of glass that talked by moving its yellow windowpane up and down. Other everyday decorative items like a clock, globe, and even the floor all came alive in Peewee's imagination too.  Peewee Herman's incredible home truly had no shortage of imagination, which is why it's so surprising to find out that Paul Rubin's actual home life was much less exciting. The actor who played Peewee Herman, Paul Rubin's was a very private individual. A lot of that probably has to do with his infamous arrest in the early 90s for indecent exposure, something that would follow him around for the rest of his career. According to the Hollywood Reporter, Rubin's bought his house in the Hollywood Hills back in the late 80s with a paycheck he received from Peewee's big adventure. He'd then spend the next four decades of his life living out of that home. After moving to a property that's reportedly surrounded by a prickly cactus garden, Rubin's would seldom if ever peel back the curtain to let us in on the details of his private life. Outside of a brief appearance on Conan O'Brien, in which he revealed that he likes to fill his home up with a series of odd collectibles. The other surprising thing I was able to find about Rubin's home life was, once, he found himself in a feud with his neighbor, Maroon Five Front Men Adam Levine. According to the New York Post, Paul loved throwing epic parties at his Hollywood Hills home, the kind of gatherings that would bring together an eclectic group of people. But as crazy as those parties might have been, they were nothing compared to the shindigs that the she-will-be-loved singer would throw. In 2018, Raider Online reported that there was an ongoing feud developing between these two, caused by Levine's late night parties. Paul tried to keep things civil by lodging complaints with Levine's staff, but the celebrations they persisted. Eventually, things got so bad that Rubin's had to temporarily abandon his long-time home, due to the obscene noise levels emanating from Levine's residence. I had to guess, it sounds like these two either eventually did make up or this entire thing was blown out of proportion. Because based upon all that reporting, Rubin's was still living out of his Hollywood Hills home at the time of his death from cancer. Alright folks, that's gonna bring us to the end of this episode of House Tour. It's too bad there wasn't more info there about Rubin's actual home, but I certainly enjoyed my walk down memory lane exploring the ins and outs of Peewee's Playhouse instead. It took me right back to childhood and at the end of the day, that's what made Paul Rubin so special. His ability to make us feel young again. Rest in peace, Paul. Your contributions will never be forgotten. Thanks for watching today's episode, but before you leave, consider answering the following question. What children's show set did you used to want to live in as a kid? Do any of you guys remember Big Comfy Coach? That was a hundred percent mine. But let me know yours in the comments below. Otherwise, like, subscribe, and turn on your notifications to never miss an episode. My name's Kara The Vampire Slayer and if you want to join me on another tour, then stay tuned because coming up next is a look inside the homes of Sinead O'Connor. I'll see you next time. Bye.