Hello and welcome. Now that we have established the various force models as per our Newton's law which governs the motion of the launch vehicle, we now are in a position to synthesize those forces into a general form of the mathematical model that is applicable for the ascent mission. It is just a kind of a summation of all the forces on the right hand side. The velocity expression that we have seen earlier and the Newton's law that we hypothesize assuming that Earth's surface where we are going to define our coordinate system is a rotating frame of reference and with that we get the following equation. This is a first order vector differential equation in terms of the velocity and the forces. So, as you can see we have included the velocity expression in the most general case and on the right hand side now we have the three force terms that we have discussed just now. The first one is the force term coming because of gravitational but expressed in a coordinate system which is along the radial direction. Then we have the thrust expression which is along the thrust direction which is commonly the axis of the launch vehicle and the last one the drag term which is along the drag direction which will be along the local velocity direction. So, as you can see the vectors involved in this expression are all in different directions and we will have to be described in a common coordinate system Cartesian or Polar or any other coordinate system before we can actually proceed with the solution of this differential equation. Of course, we also note that these equations are nonlinear in nature. We are also time varying because the mass is not constant and there are no known closed form analytical solutions for the above vector differential equation. Of course, at some point these equations will have to be solved through numerical techniques to generate accurate solutions for the trajectory. To understand the overall implication of this equation, we can adopt a simplified approach through what we call an idealized assent mission analysis wherein we make certain assumptions and in the process the equations are simplified so that we get a broad idea of what the performance is likely to be in a given context without large amount of computational effort. So, let us begin our discussion on the idealized assent mission analysis. In this context, let us first establish the assent mission design task that is of our main interest. The main aim of assent mission is to achieve a velocity, an altitude and a flight path angle for the spacecraft or the space object that we are going to release at the end of the mission and typically these are fixed quantities as per the desired spacecraft mission. With this course, we are not directly dealing with the spacecraft per se. So, we will assume that there are going to be different kinds of spacecraft missions which will require different values for the velocity, the altitude and the flight path angle at the terminal point so that our assent mission to some extent will now be designed or will have to be designed in the context of the terminal conditions. Of course, we also realize that the launch point is also fixed by and large at least for each country where they have those launch stations, the launch point is known. So, in the geographical context, both launch point and the injection point are going to be known a priori before a launch vehicle assent mission is planned and that brings us to the fundamental requirement on the assent mission as two tasks. The first one to arrive at a vehicle which will achieve this objective and it trajectory or a flight path that this vehicle should play which will result in a safe and an optimal operation. So, you will realize that our assent mission analysis and design will involve these two tasks that the vehicle itself and the trajectory. Of course, we may not look at it in that order, but these are the two tasks that we will have to perform before we can say that we have an assent mission which ultimately is going to achieve the objective of a space mission. Of course, if we see it from a design perspective, we realize that we need to solve for a vehicle for a given flight path or a trajectory. The reason being that your starting point is fixed, the end point is fixed and there are only a few possibilities for the flight path that you can think of for making the mission optimal, safe and feasible. So, generally the design task would be approached in the manner that a trajectory or a flight path would be specified and you would have to arrive at a vehicle which will achieve that flight path interjectedly. However, we are going to start our discussion with the reverse process that if I have a launch vehicle, what kind of flight path I will get. And this becomes an analysis problem where for a given launch vehicle, we arrive at the flight path and the terminal parameters and see whether they meet the requirement, go back and tweak the rocket so that you achieve what you want. This way also one can actually arrive at the launch vehicle and the trajectory but through an iterative process. Of course, once we understand the nitty gritties of this process, we can always invert this exercise and then we say, okay, now can we use this information to specify a trajectory and then arrive at the rocket. We will actually do both of these but we will first go through the process of arriving at this understanding through the analysis route. Of course, the next step is, are we going to use the most general differential equation that we have seen just now? Obviously not because for this exercise, we need simplified models which we can work with quickly and then we set up a process by which we can verify the result through rigorous simulations, through more accurate modelling and even through experiments. So, how do we do this model simplification? So, the strategy for model simplification is based on primarily overall accuracy requirement of the solution, which means how accurate solution are you looking at? Are you looking at 1 percent accurate, 0.1 percent accurate or 5 percent accurate or even 10 percent accurate. Once you fix a number, it is possible for you to ignore certain higher order effects which are necessary for achieving those accuracies and then once you ignore the higher order effects, the equations automatically simplify to a form where simpler solution procedures can be used. So, we are going to use what is called an idealized scenario and to capture the primary effects. So, we are going to divide this whole game into three segments. The primary effects which means the most dominant physical effect which is going to decide the performance, then the secondary which is the next level and the tertiary which are at further lower level and then we say that we are first going to generate the solution for the primary effect and then we are going to correct it for the secondary effect and then we will see whether the tertiary effects need to be taken into account or not. Of course, even while including the secondary and the tertiary effects, we will make use of a simplified representation so that it still does not require too much of computational effort but still gives us an order of magnitude understanding of what the secondary and the tertiary effects are going to be. In this manner, we can obtain a fairly accurate solution. Please note the solution is not going to be very approximate once you include the secondary and the tertiary effects but you are going to still limit the computational numerical effort which is extremely useful during the conceptual or preliminary design process. And in this context, I am going to talk about one such simplification and analysis which goes by the name of ideal burnout performance which is the first step to capture the primary effect due to the propellant. See, we have to realize that our primary objective is to launch a particular space object with a certain velocity. So, obviously, propulsion is our primary focus. We are going to burst a large amount of propellant. So, obviously, we are going to generate large thrust and thrust is definitely going to be the major force. So, initially, we can say that apart from thrust, there is no other force present or what is called the force free assumption. We will find that even with such a high level of simplification, we will be in a position to establish an important design parameter called the payload mass fraction for a specified space mission through prescription of terminal velocity and altitude requirements. And we will find that this is a very important first step in sizing the ascent mission and the launch vehicle. Let us see how we can do this. So, with this assumption that apart from thrust, there are no other forces and that the vehicle is moving along at least to start with no gravitational forces. So, moving along a radial line, we can simplify our equations of motion using the following equation. Here, we have assumed that the rotation of earth and movement of earth surface has no impact on the velocity for the ascent mission. This assumption essentially is driven by the fact that typical durations of any ascent mission are of the order of about 15 to 25 minutes during which the changes in the position of earth in relation to the inertial frame of reference are not very large. So, those kinematic effects we have ignored and realize that we get an extremely simple representation. This differential equation where we assume that the thrust is in direction of the velocity which means that we can now convert this into a scalar differential equation as u v the unit vector on both sides is the same. And we can simply solve this equation as follows. So, just applying the principles of our vector calculus and integral concepts, we can show that the solution of this differential equation appears in the form of this exponential expression where the mass is involved and the velocity is involved. If we want to write the velocity expression, then it is in the logarithmic form. Of course, the kinematic relation as shown here in the above equation that is ds by dt equal to v can also be integrated as expressed here. The question is what have we got? So, let us explore this result a little further. One thing that we know is that the ideal burnout velocity vb which is mentioned in the expression earlier is the maximum velocity that a rocket will generate from given propellant and the lift off mass. That is the maximum that you can get out of that rocket because we have ignored the effect of gravity. We have ignored the effect of drag. We have ignored all other effects. So, this is the best possible performance that you can expect. And now we say that because this is the maximum velocity that I can get, I will invert this relation to say that this is also the maximum mass fraction that the rocket is capable of giving for a specified velocity and this is where the design wisdom is. The design wisdom is that if I have a velocity requirement, then that velocity when substituted in those simplified expressions will give me an mb by m0 or a final burnout mass fraction per unit lift off mass. And it will tell me that for a given launch vehicle with a particular m0, what is the amount of final burnout mass that I can have and associated with that is the amount of propellant that I must carry and which should have what ISP. Of course, it is also interesting to note that these values do not depend on the way the propellant is burnt which means this is the best possible performance that one can think of. Of course, the drawback in this analysis is that the distance solution is multi-valued. It will depend upon how I am burning. So, different distance solutions. So, obviously, distance solution is not really useful in this context, but the velocity and the mass fraction are definitely useful. The same I can say about the time of flight, how long it will take to finish. So, let us go through a simple example just to understand what we talk about. So, let us take a rocket that has the following configuration. I guess it has a lift off mass of 80 tons is carrying 60 ton propellant and the propellant has an ISP of 240 seconds. Let us see what is the ideal burnout velocity that we are going to get. So, what we do is we use this expression g0 ISP ln m0 divided by m0 minus mp. The solution that we have just now generated substitute these quantities and this is what we get. So, we get a VB of about 3.2 kilometers per second or 3264 meters per second with the provision that at the end of this ascent mission, 20 tons of mass will be left which is not burned which means my burnout mass fraction is 0.25. Now, I want to explore this question that supposing I wanted to reduce my burnout mass ratio from 0.25 to 0.15. What is the VB that I can get? Indirectly what I am saying is that if I carry more propellant, what happens? When I say that my burnout mass fraction is 0.15, you can immediately guess how much of propellant I am carrying over and above the 60 tons. For this fraction of 0.15, we find that the burnout mass is going to be some percentage of is 15 percent of m0 and 15 percent of 80 tons is 12 tons. So, instead of 20 tons, we have only 12 tons of burnout mass which means we have now added 8 tons of additional propellant and for that 8 tons of additional propellant, look at the change in the velocity. Instead of 3.26 kilometers per second, we now have the velocity of 4.46 kilometers per second and that is approximately 1.2 kilometers per second higher or close to an increase of around 33 percent, a very large increase for an additional 8 tons of propellant. The reason why I am giving this example is to sensitize you to this idea of what that idealized performance equation is giving us. It is giving you an important mechanism through which you can start then looking at different options, how much propellant you should carry, what should be the ISP of the propellant, how much of the burnout mass you can get, what is the performance coming from the spacecraft requirement, all that you can do with this simplified expression. Of course, you also probably would have realized that this particular ideal burnout velocity represents the maximum amount of mechanical energy that can be imparted to that burnout mass and is of course related to the lift of mass. So, there is another aspect that we can think of that if you are given the velocity and if you are given the burnout mass, can you come up with what rocket will make it happen, which means can you come up with the value of M naught and you immediately realize that the same expression for known values of V, ISP and MB, you can find out what should be M naught, which means it will tell you which rocket will do the job or whether there is such a rocket which can do this job, which means you can also talk about feasibilities of the design requirement. Suppose you put a requirement which is not really practical or feasible, it will be possible for you to immediately check without any computational effort at all and then we realize that the simple analysis that we have done can help us in overall rocket sizing without too much of computational effort and it is a reasonably good solution, you have to understand. So, to summarize, the ideal burnout performance is an important parameter that helps us to give an initial sizing of the required launch vehicle. Of course, we will now make it more realistic, bring in other effects later in subsequent lectures. So, bye and see you in the next lecture and thank you.


Hey everybody, it's Brian, and welcome to our second C-Sharp tutorial. Go ahead and go File New Project, and then just choose Console Application. We're going to make the obligatory Hello World program. Whenever you learn a new language, the first thing they want you to do is write a Hello World. Now, you may see me typing, and you're probably wondering, how is he typing so fast? See, when you start typing that little window pops up, that's called IntelliSense. And you can just either double-click on Console, or you want to let's select it, you can press Tab, and it'll write it out for you. And when you press Dot, it brings up the properties for that object. So we're just going to type Read. So all we've added are two lines to our Console application. Write line, Hello World, and Read. Let's go ahead and press Control-S to save. Or I'm sorry, Save As, and we're just going to call this C-S02, and let's put this in whatever location you're going to be saving your projects. Make sure you're all nice and save there. And let's run this and see what happens. You notice there it says Hello World. Well, we flew through that very quickly, so how did we get to that step? Well, first thing, when it creates our Console application, it adds all these using. Now what is this? These are things that we're importing into our program. There's a lot of stuff going on under the hood that we didn't write. Microsoft wrote it for us. For example, System.Collection is generic, Systems.Link, Systems.Tech. I don't expect you to know what any of that stuff is. You'll learn this in future tutorials just for the time being. Kind of click the I believe button and believe that we are importing things. And then Namespace, Console Application 1. Think of a namespace like an apartment. The trick with these namespaces is there can only be one of a specific type in there. For example, we have this program. There can only be one program in this namespace. Don't get hung up on the word program. This could be Fuzzy Bunny Slippers or Bob. We're just going to call it Bob for the time being. There can be only one Bob in your namespace. Now you can have a different namespace. For example, Console Application 2 or I Hate Fuzzy Bunny Slippers or whatever that can contain a Bob. But this namespace can only contain one Bob in this case we're calling it Program. Now a class. Class is a blueprint. Everything in .NET is an object. In order for it to be an object, it needs a blueprint, which is called a class. So say it with me. Everything in .NET is an object. That means everything in .NET is a class, or should say it derives from a class. And then we have this ugly looking static void main strings args. What is this thing? Well, that's the main entry point of your application. Static simply means there can be only one void, meaning it simply returns nothing. Main is the main entry point, and these are arguments. You can actually pass arguments into your program. You see these squiggly little blocks. C-sharp is actually a C style language, which means it uses these blocks. So there's some here, some here. These are called code blocks. For example, that's the namespace code block, and this is the class code block, and this is a function code block. And what that does is it determines the scope and the order of execution, things that we'll cover in future tutorials. For now, all you really need to understand is that you are importing things. You have a namespace, you have a blueprint, you have a starting point, and then you can manipulate the console using right line and read. And we're using read simply because if you, let's comment that out, notice the double slashes that comments it out, meaning this will not execute. It's the same thing as if it didn't exist at all. Run this. You notice how the window just appears and disappears almost instantly. That's because the program finished. It didn't have anything left to do. So we're going to say console read just to keep that window open when we run this. So that's all for now. If you like this tutorial, there are many more out on my website.  And I've kind of got it categorized. Everything will be under C sharp. There's really nothing there because I haven't uploaded the videos yet.  And you can see how there's download the source code. So I try to upload the source code for every tutorial and you can actually watch the YouTube video in the website. No, there's no banner ads or cheesy gimmicks or anything like that. If you do go to download the source code though, it will say please donate. I don't expect you guys to donate. That's more for businesses that are using this to teach their employees and things of that nature. So go ahead, go out to the website. Let me know what you think. Anyways, I gotta get going. This is Brian. Thanks for watching.


Oh my god, there's so many things falling, but there's no, no guys. I had a burp. Yeah, well, you burp me. This game stresses.  Come on. I made it come on. Thank you. Oh, yeah. Get in there. This guy's just a cum. Oh, where he's in. He found that egg. The cum is in if you win, you will get $70. You will. Apparently. What happens if I win? Doubt, important sub. Hold on. Stinky fart 69. Thank you for the prime. Oh, damn, that's sick. This is the final thing. And you know what? I think we've got this in the bag. You'll think so. You know, I think so.  Oh, did you just 360? It was like, oh, I don't like the fan. That's horrible. Come on. Come on. It was down to two and he's tall, too.  This game is rigged. Now you won't get $70.  Do you want to do a custom lobby and then we can have viewers join? Do you want to leave this game and I'll set it up? No, let's win this dub first. Alright, we'll get the dub and then we'll, and then we'll get the dub.  What? Will you play a fart noise again? It was funny to me. Nice. Me after Taco Bell. What? Wait, what? How? How do we go from third to fifth? Okay, now you can show the code. And now chat can join. Wow, there's so many guys in here. And they're all about to fall. Yeah, no stream sniping chat. Pay no attention to the undertakers. The real strat is to change my skin like as the lobby starts. That's the real strat. You know what we should do? We should each pick a color and then we can see like whose channel has more people in the thing. So it's like I change. I have everybody change their color like pink and yours to blue or something. But just a certain color. I followed what you just did. Don't grab on to me. You cooer. What? Why not? The fan of your anus channel. No!   Come on. Fake. I'm calling. Did you do it? Oh, I called. I can't believe some of our fans are getting eliminated. I know, right? Embarrassing. Let's put their name on the screen there. Alright, no more balls. Oh, and there's a thing in the middle. Wait, are we avoiding balls? Oh, yeah, we are. Yeah, it's big shot. It's like Delta Rune. When the big, when the spampton guy says big shot. I never played that game. Wow. I know. You're hanging out with a guy whose character is definitely not loosely from Delta Rune for legal purposes and you haven't played the game at all. You're just going to have to fix that. Well, is it even good? Hmm. Probably not. Come here. You're dead. No, no, no. I have a chance. I have a chance. I decided I'm stream sniping. I have a chance. Where are you? Nowhere.  Hey, get away. Get away from me. One of three eliminated. Okay. Calm down. Hold on. The dogs are barking at each other. BRB. This though?  Harris, thank you so much for the prime. That counts for one of us. Does it though? Because we're not playing duos. We're enemies currently. Yeah, but like it means like I get the crown or you get the crown. Oh, oh, I see where I see where you're saying you're going to. Yeah. And then the loser has to pay for someone's house. Pay for someone's house. The whole mortgage. Guys, I'm going to need you to stream snip on this one. All right. Hold on. Wait a minute. Yes, I'm going to play. I'm going to stream the quarry as well. I don't know who's fans. Who's who's who's is to I have no idea. I think we just say, you know, we owe each other house. We owe each other. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. How about whoever lives in the state with higher taxes? The other person has to pay. Wow. I think that's fair. And you know, I happen to live in California. But how convenient for you to live in one of the most tax states? Oh, no. It's just like one of the rules. Color coordinate. Yeah. Anybody has blue be blue. You're going to be coral blue. We're going to do beach ball.   Some of these people did not follow directions. No disappointed. I think we need to remind people to change their skins as well. Yeah. So there's a few people who aren't following the rules here. We're trying to figure out metrics here. Yeah. I'm trying to be have bigger number and be better person. Bigger number and better person. You're right. Why do we even collab if we can't constantly compare the entire time? Why are we even collab? Oh, I am front and center. Let's go. I'm front and left, baby. I'm about to go crazy. My fall guy is going nuts right now. He's falling. I mean, actually, he's really not falling. He's mostly guying right now.  I'm like, no, actually, I'm kind of guying. I'm actually, I'm actually, yeah, I'm actually guying instead. Sorry. Not really like a fall kind of person. I'm more of a guy person. Oh, we're doing laps. This goes hard.  This goes lit mode. Right? For real on God. Right? Sneak. Come on. It goes lit mode. Right. Please. Yeah, sure. Yeah.  That goes dummy cum. Dummy cum. Yeah.  Not cum dumpy. I qualified. I qualified. Yo, this goes cummy thick. I'm upset. That's so wrong. How could it be so wrong if the consistency is so right? It comes thickly. I saw a thing the other day that was so good. It was just her breasts jiggled neurodivergently. It's just one of the funniest things I've ever heard. What does that even mean? One of my league usernames is poops hugely. Oh, nice. My username is going to be cums thickly. Oh my God. Uh-oh. Uh-oh. Ethan, it's not looking good for you. Where are you going? I don't know. This doesn't seem like to type a gameplay for somebody who wants to qual. Yeah, well. Severe lack of wanting to qual from this guy. You want to talk about it? No. You know, I've really gotten my anger under control recently. I can see that, dude. All right. Cranky crew. Get it in, baby.  Crank those gameplays. When I first started YouTube, I called them the cranky crew. Now I don't really say it anymore because it's kind of cringe. I call mine freaks. Definitely not because the Game of Thrones is fine. Oh, because it's lovely. Well, no, it's because Aaron called Bowser a freak that one time. And it really, it really, it sent me so hard that... Got her!  Oh, damn. I kind of want this tall guy to win.   I'm so mad. Whatever, it's fine. Anyway. Oh, no. Yeah, that's what you get. All of them are... Oh, yeah. That's right, baby. My cranky crew. Die together. Like in survival games. Do it together. Yeah, eat the berries. Eat the poison together. Eat the berries together. No! Whoa. Damn.  It's not really, it's similar to you. Dude, one of them's red and blue. One of them's like a bomb pop.   Yeah.  Hose ain't loyal, dude. Siba, here's the question. Who's the side piece in this scenario? You or me? You know? Dude, that's a great question. Don't tell me. Oh, I fell down the hole. I'm insane at this game. Get out of the way, tall man. Get out of my way. Oh, my God. Your gamers keep pushing me into holes. And I don't much appreciate it, actually. Okay, that was bad, but I called it. I'm insane. That was cracked movement.  Yeah! Oh, my Atlanta. One-if, okay. Not as good as first. Okay! Whoa! What the- Oh, I don't like this. And I'm guessing we can only not, we can't die. This is going to be cummy-thic. I'm scared. Don't hold on to me.   What was that? What was that? What was that? Oh, this guy's going crazy. Whoa! I just said something. Oh, I don't know if this guy's going to make it considering where this, yep, that's over. Pretty sick. Pretty lit. A freak is down. He's been taken to the alley and shot. Oh, that was so sad to see one. Is this the finale? I guess so.  This still isn't- It's not, it's literally not. There's five people. How is this not the last thing? I don't know. I'm so confused. I have no idea. Both of my guys are doing pretty well, though, so far. I don't understand how that's possible. All I'm saying is that at least one freak qualifies. Yes, dude. Both of my guys qualed. Well, damn. Rip. Let's go! Win it! Win it for Papa! One freak, one mission. No, but this is the underdog story, you know? Yeah. How many people can qualify? It was six, then five, then three. Wait, all three can qualify? What? All right, whoever gets first in this wins. Oh, that's clutch. Oh, no. That's clutch.  Oh, yeah. Oh, yeah. Oh, yeah. Oh, no. Oh, taking the inside line. Get in there. Yeah, yeah, yeah. Oh, but this part's- Oh, no. Get in there. Let's go! Damn. All right. It's pretty even. Oh. Come on, I need to qual. Oh. Uh-oh. Uh-oh. It's not looking good. It's not looking good, Mr. Crank. Wow, barely. Oh, my God. That was really close. Oh, boy. Look at all the children you'd killed by being better than them. Wait, yeah, that guy is huge.  Yeah, right? I love Chode Guy. I love Chode Guy. Uh-oh. This isn't going to put people in the right teams. Oh, no. But this is kind of fun, though, because then people can't be biased. Yeah. Chode Guy's on blue. Blue's the top tier team. I agree. I agree for no reason. Come on. It's getting a little concerning. Uh-oh. Please. Guys, we're the streamers. Come on. Wait, wait, wait, wait, wait. Help Blue. Help Blue. Uh-oh. Oh, no. Uh-oh. No. Yes, I saved it. I clutched it last second. Oh, my God. I'm huge. Oh, my God. We both got eliminated. And no Chode Guy. Chode Guy got eliminated.  It's not even about us. You killed Chode Guy. You killed Chode Guy. Well, it's time to see who truly wins, though. Yeah. Sucks that you're going to have to pay my mortgage. You know. Come on, guys. I need my mortgage paid. Come on, gamers. There's a thing. Be careful, guys.   I have to execute you.  First qual? A freak. Wow. Sign of things.  He's going. Oh, my God. He's through. Wow.  Wow. Is there a limit to qualifying? I think he's not sliming. Yeah. I think you just have to not die. Oh, my God. That's a lot of dead. So many people died. Oh, no. Oh. Oh. Oh. Bungalcron taking the tail. Going back for it. Oh, he's breaking the ankles. Damn. He is kind of breaking ankles in me. He's so agile. The most agile fall guy. Hitting him with the double back. Holy. I love how you're shout-casting this. He is fall-guying the best of the many, or of the few of us. The best of the many. Bungalcron somehow breaking the ankles of everybody around him. He's got 20 seconds on the clock to keep that tail. And he loses it to Strick. Going crazy. Strick running away. Strick on the way to Derpy grabbing the thing last second. Get the tail with 10 seconds left. Oh, my God. Let's see if he can hold onto it for the last 10 seconds.  Can he hold it though? No. Oh, my God. It's anybody's game. Derpy gets the tail back and win it. Oh, my God. I have to play for your mortgage.


TNUEF, which is a very important organization, it's a broad platform of many organizations that are fighting for the dignity and rights of Dalits and against many forms of untouchability that still exist in Tamil Nadu. And actually this organization has now brought together all the different movements fighting on these issues in Tamil Nadu and many people of the left are also in these organizations and even SFI, DYFI, AIDWA, they are also part of this broad platform, so it's a very important initiative. The problem is that even after so many years of struggle, the atrocities and the discrimination is continuing as before, maybe even worse. For example, in the last one month there have been four incidents of honour killing in Tamil Nadu, four of honour killing and one of atrocity. Two instances, the husband and wife have both been killed and it's very tragic that in one or two of these instances, the marriage is between inter-subcasts, it's not an inter-caste but inter-subcast, even there identity politics has become so important that even there they are willing to kill their children. So, it's a horrible thing in Kumbhakonam, there has been an instance of a man whose body, dead body, was being taken even after it had been decided that it would be allowed through the upper caste area and the people taking the body were attacked and many of them are wounded. Apart from that, there are many instances, many children in many schools, they are wearing caste identity bands and in fact the department had given a circular that these should be stopped but BJP opposed this saying that this is anti-Hindu stopping that band being worn and so the government is totally under the influence of the BJP. So the minister has also issued a circular saying to ignore the earlier circular and these bands will be allowed. Now what is happening is that the children are complaining that on the basis of the caste they are being victimised, they are not allowed to participate in sports, they are not allowed to sit with the other children and they are being discriminated against in many ways. So, I mean after 73 years of independence that we are celebrating last year, this is the actual position that small things and big things are all witnessing terrible discrimination against the lids and lower caste people. So what we have to really understand is that especially after this government has come, BJP at the centre and in many states, there is a change situation because BJP is the only political group that actually does not accept Ambedkar's constitution and has never accepted. They have always been in favour of Manushriti. So they promote inequality even more openly than other political parties and other groups and that is why we are seeing that in every sphere actually it is the principles of Manushriti that are being implemented. For example, Manushriti says that for the same crime different punishment will be given depending on your caste. So if an upper caste person kills a lower caste person, the punishment will be very mild and he will just have to give some feast for some Brahmins or something like that called Prayashitam. But if a lower caste person kills an upper caste person then the punishment is death. So the rule of law will not apply anymore and already we are seeing that this is happening. Those who killed Pehlukhan, the people are saying there is no proof even though he gave a dying declaration even though witnesses were there. But all those people have gone scot-free but people accused of terrorism, Hindus accused of terrorism, accused of rioting and all these kind of very heinous crimes, all the cases against them are being withdrawn. So this is Manushriti, this is the implementation of Manushriti. Different punishment according to your birth for the same crime. Similarly we are seeing that education is becoming more and more difficult for poor people. And poor people means Dalits, Adivasis, OBCs, landless people, women and now with the emphasis on private education which has been there, which is there now in the draft education program, new education program. So that means even more exclusion of the poorest people which of course the largest number is always Dalit and Adivasi. So their education will be denied to them. So education and proper professions, if they are excluded from both these areas then that is also Manushriti because Manushriti says that Dalits and Shudras should not be educated, they should only get menial work, they should only be slaves to the upper caste. So in different ways this is being implemented. Then last year we had seen how the Supreme Court gave a verdict that the SCST Act should be weakened considerably. And both those judges we know what is their history so I don't need to go into that. And the thing was that there was an agitation against it like we have not seen in India. That also we should remember. In North India on the Bandh Day thousands and thousands and thousands of young Dalits, village Dalits, they came on the streets and they enforced the Bandh. And many people supported them also but the governments in Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan and UP, all three were BJP at the time. They came down against the Dalits as if they were their enemies. They were beaten, they were arrested, Dr. Ambedkar's statue was broken, thousands of them were put in jail, minor boys were kept with the hardened criminals and they were refused bail for months and months and months. And actually it was only the left parties and DSMM that intervened and dared to speak against it. We were able to get bail, we got many of them released also but still even though the government has changed in Rajasthan and in MP, the justice has not yet been done. This shows how much that thinking of Manusrati has entered our general way of thinking and is influencing the way governments are behaving. So it's a very tough battle but we should also remember that we cannot fight this battle on the basis of caste, it's not a caste battle. It's a battle for democracy and for equal rights and all those who are interested in democracy and equal rights whether it's women, employees, workers, peasants, SCs, STs, Dalits, minorities, they must all come together to defend the Constitution, to defend equal rights. And they must also see what is happening in Kashmir as a big attack on democracy. That 15th of August which is being celebrated as our day of freedom in Kashmir, people are not free, let alone celebrate, they're not allowed to come out on the road. So we should understand that if in one part of the country our own fellow citizens can be kept in this state, nobody can save us if we don't fight. We can also be submitted to the same attack and obviously democracy is most needed by those who are the most oppressed. So all those who are fighting for Dalit rights must now fight also to defend the Constitution and to defend democracy.


The North Korean leader's sister warns the US we will take appropriate measures. North Korea fired two ballistic missiles off its east coast. South Korea's military said, as the powerful sister of leader Kim Jong-un warned of turning the Pacific into a firing range, heightening tensions in the region. Japan's Coast Guard said North Korea launched three projectiles that could be ballistic missiles, all of which fell within minutes. The launch comes just two days after North Korea fired an intercontinental ballistic missile ICBM into the sea off Japan's west coast in what it called a sudden launching drill. The North Korean leader's sister Kim Jong-un issued a statement and warned against the increased presence of US strategic assets on the Korean Peninsula after the US held joint air exercises bilaterally with South Korea and Japan on Sunday in response to the North's ICBM launch. We are carefully examining the influence it would exert on the security of our state, she said in the statement. The frequency of using the Pacific as our firing range depends upon the US forces' action character. Kim Jong-un also refuted experts' assessment of its missile capabilities after some pointed out that it took more than nine hours for the sudden missile launch to take place following an order from leader Kim. She said North Korea didn't even fly reconnaissance planes at the time of its launch. They will defend the fact that their scout planes didn't fly at the time by saying that they were monitoring with so-called special means of methods under close cooperation between intelligence authorities of South Korea and the US, she said. Kim Yeo-jung said the North has satisfactory missile technology and capability and now will focus on increasing the quantity of their force. Last missile launch is the North's third major weapons test this year after Pyongyang threatened an unprecedentedly persistent strong response as South Korea and the United States geared up for their annual military exercises as part of efforts to fend off the growing nuclear and missile threat posed by the North.


Putting Youth First Prime Minister, Honourable Philip J. Pierre's new youth economy has signaled to the island's youth. Their needs will continue to influence policy to help create a more conducive economic environment that promotes entrepreneurship and facilitates business development and growth. The Taiwanese government has bought in, and on October 17th, Ambassador His Excellency Peter Chen formally handed over more than $136,000, which will be used to operationalize the Pierre Administration's youth economy program. Youth economy is the future of a country's development and it is only right that we invest in our future. Today's ceremony demonstrates Taiwan's commitment to continue investing in youth in Sinocia, in Iowa's Prime Minister's youth economy policy. And Taiwan remains dedicated to working with Honourable Prime Minister Pierre and the government of Sinocia to tackle the post-pandemic economy and promote a better future for all. The requisite legislation establishing Honourable Pierre's youth economy was passed in the Lower House of Parliament on July 26th. More than $10 million has been allocated to the youth economy program. You can't tell a young person who wants $5,000. You can ask them who was the mother, who was the father, what experience they have. Well, no, no, no. They have an idea. The idea is workable. We've looked at it and we're going to help them, assist them. The money that you're going to give us loans will not be disbursed from the agency itself. You have to go into an arrangement of a financial institution where the loan portion of the funding will go to that financial institution and the young person will be responsible to the financial institution. But the financial institution will have to be flexible. And that's why you call it on the Sinocia Development Bank to put its house in order so they can receive these applications and deliver it in a flexible manner. Minister for Youth Development and Sports and Member of Parliament for Rosalie, Honourable Kensin Kazeme, is the youngest minister in Honourable Pierre's cabinet. Honourable Kazeme believes the youth economy has the potential to transform the lives of the island's young and aspiring entrepreneurs. With the youth economy, I'm very excited about the prospects that it will bring for a number of solutions. And as a Minister of Sports, I continue to work very closely with the ministry in terms of our skills database, how we can use our skills database to provide the advice for young persons who want a small loan to further themselves. And so I'm super excited and I want to say thank you to the Taiwanese government for making that contribution into our young people. And these are the investments that are going to be life-changing for people that before could not see a way beyond just the talent and skill, but they're going to use it to make themselves, the family, the community and Sinocia better. The Youth Economy Act makes provisions for the establishment of a youth economy agency headed up by a Board of Directors. An evaluations committee comprising a chief executive officer who is appointed by the minister, along with two other members of the board, will be tasked with vetting business proposals submitted by prospective entrepreneurs and businesses owned and operated by youth. Approved business plans would then qualify for loan or grant funding to jumpstart or expand their business ventures. From the office of the prime minister, Rihani Izudo.


My name is Olivier and this is Benjamin, the CEO of Oled Khan. Nice to meet you. And so what's the latest with the Live5? So what is very new this year is the fact that we are launching also a software solution on top of the Live5 Mac that you have seen last year, which was providing 100 megabit per second for a full cybersecurity solution. We are now having this product. So it's completely launched, industrialized, commercialized. CE everything. CE everything certified. Fantastic. 100 megabit. 100 megabit. Down. Up and down. Downing. Up and down. And uplink, yes. Also 100 uplink. So between this and... Exactly. So... And maybe we can do a small... It's not very nice as yet, so... It's all modulated. Buy that. You see? So... It can be installed also as a small detector. Like this. Awesome. So now interference with Wi-Fi, I think. No, there is no interference with Wi-Fi. It's LED lights. It's without any radio waves. So it's very interesting in some environments like schools, like kingdom gardens. Are they adaptable? Yes, they are. There is a lot of interest, especially in Switzerland, by the way. Yeah. Especially in Switzerland. Yes. In France, we have... In France, what we call a loi abbeille. It's a law that forbids to expose children below three to radio waves. On top of it, we have discovered that a lot of companies are concerned about cybersecurity. The hackability of the Wi-Fi are very interested by this technology. And especially, they avoid what we call an attack, a cyber attack which is called the man in the middle. And with this technology, it's impossible to hack the signal outside the beam, which makes it extremely robust. So the armies, the defense industries, the banks, insurance companies are now step-by-step adopting this Wi-Fi Max. But you need to put shutters in front of the windows because if you can see through the window, you can hack on your Wi-Fi. Yes, you're right. But you need a telescope of the NASA and maybe more to be able to hack it. So it would be very difficult. Very, very difficult. I would not say completely impossible because some people are extremely smart, but it would be very difficult. So anyway, if you put shutters, it's totally impossible to hack. So what's with the new software? The new one, it's the first time in the world we introduce this one giga Wi-Fi Max. One giga. Yeah, it's a proto. It's a proto right now and for the moment the target is M2M machine-to-machine robotics. We have 301 side and 600 the other side. So this is real. For the moment it's a proto. There's more upload and download. Yes, right now. Of course. That's what I like. Yeah, yeah. I want to upload my videos. Exactly, exactly. So gigabit Wi-Fi. Exactly. How did you improve? The faster frequency? What we have improved is especially what we call the analog part of it. Which means that we have work step by step on improving our electronics. We call it higher frequency electronics very sensitive and very complex. We need a lot of time of engineering to really improve the electronics. Step by step our engineers are improving and testing and improving the products and this is why we are now able to show this world. But you know, in one year we went from 10 for 13 maybe seconds to 100. Now we're at 600 and we have this year we're going to be above the one giga for sure. So like we did in our original video the idea was that the lights and this kind of... What's the distance? Okay, so for this one we are able to... It's a compromise between the field of view and the distance. If you want a very large field of view for this one you have a 90 degrees field of view. You will get a 5 meters reach. If you have a narrower field of view you will get up to 60 meters field of view. Can you zoom? Can you turn the thing? Yes of course we have here a very sophisticated optical system. It's patented. That is able to collect a very narrow and small amount of light. We call it less than one micro watts of light power. And this is why this is quite complex to do, a very problem. Is there any chance that if you had one up there it could see exactly where you are and then it targets exactly there? I would say not really because it's a passive system it's not an active system. So we are not targeting to... How to say it? It will provide under the light beam it will provide all the connectivity that you want. But it will not be actively looking for people. And to complete what say Benjamin it's today, Li-Fi Max Cyber Security solution it's not only hardware but it's also Li-Fi Max controller it's a software going to come in the market in a couple of weeks, couple of months to control, to give you control of your Li-Fi solutions in your company, in your environment give you some tools to to give data, for example So it's like an application it's a software. What's the other software you're talking about? Did you talk about some specific software? So on top of the product we are now having launching a software which is the Li-Fi Max controller which is providing the DHTP server providing a handover, providing roaming, providing alert reporting, telemanagement of the access points So basically this software enables you as a company to integrate the Li-Fi into your IT network infrastructure without a new problem and giving you the whole security that you need. What's the chance that we can get the Li-Fi signal on the phone? To read the Li-Fi on the phone Yes, of course We are working on a chipset We are working on a chipset on a one gigabit chipset we call it an analog phone and chipset that will be available for the first prototype next year in Las Vegas So I invite you to see the first one millimeter or 2.5 millimeter chip that will be able to integrate into the smartphones And of course once we have done it the market is infinite and we will provide Li-Fi connectivity for consumers as it was the case for Wi-Fi 10 years ago So my front camera and my back camera will both support it? So it will depend on what consumers will decide what kind of use-case they will use for instance some of them have some ideas about their own use-cases Will it be the camera or is it a different sensor? No, it will not be the camera it will be a different sensor What is a sensor? It's a secret Because you have competitors who are trying to steal the secrets? Some soon LG Yeah, maybe some soon maybe LG I don't know and I have also some other like Phillip Signify who are a very strong competitor They want to know what we are doing They are looking at this Did you invent this? Yes, we have 21 patents and for instance this product I really have designed it myself from the very beginning It's made in France Yes, in the University of Paris-Saclay we are a spin-off of the University and we have 5 PhDs and 12 engineers working on it constantly and improving the technology every year So It's been 2 years now Yes 7 years 7 years of R&D We really started to work on what we call the industrialization of the technology which means moving from the laboratory to the real world 3 to 4 years ago How about going on a public square and having a life that is going to happen or killer apps Are you talking mostly about killer gardens? What do you think is going to be huge? I think at this moment we have 2 killer apps that are now confirmed by the customers in cybersecurity so providing an unhackable wireless connectivity in offices for certain companies and the second one is the aeronautics with the life you can save up to 100 kilos in an aircraft this is why it's very interesting 100 kilos 100 kilos 100 kilos For instance, Air France told us that they are able to save 500 kilos in a 777 thanks to the life app Take away all the cables You take away all the shielded cables You take away connectivity box Yeah, exactly You can basically remove all the cables that are used for the flight entertainment system below the seats and only use fiber optics and which are above the passengers that communicate immediately the signal to the seats So in one year it pays for the whole system to save gas a lot and provides a fantastic connectivity to the passenger 100 megabits per second is very comfortable So are you able to make it stable? Is it stable? This is just the first prototype of one giga but if you go here you will see a solution which is extremely stable now Can I show you a small video which is very nice Let me... It's very interesting Let me show to you what a customer of mine in Japan has done with the technology It is really very very interesting So you see here the there is one Life 5 Max dongle in the frame and the camera is connected to you So the camera is Life 5 Max This is to show to you It is very interesting Surprised to see the test that our customers were doing with the technology Is it something you can use on light bulbs? Yes, of course When we will have the chip one of the application will be to integrate that into the socket of the light bulb All the light bulbs in the room? Yes, of course It will be perfectly possible to do It will be perfectly possible to do You still need to connect the light bulbs to the to the network via PLC for instance It will be perfectly possible to do Power line Smart light bulbs that create the Life 5 Max So if you combine power line communication and Life 5 you will be able to communicate from all the light bulbs that are connected to the to the electricity You don't see any... No, because you blink the LED so fast 30 million times per second that you cannot see 30 million times And that chip will support you a bit? Yes, absolutely All right


everybody here for late in sports cards ripping 2023 panini legacy football hobby six box break number three pick your team we have Andrew H. Lyons Brian D. commanders Bryce N. Niners Chris S. Bears Cody M. Browns David M. Chargers Dom G. Saints Edward P. Broncos Frank M. Vikings Greg L. Steelers G. Woo Seahawks Jacob H. Giants James D. Ravens James H. Jets Jim G. Eagles Jordan B. Texans Joseph M. Bills Joshua K. Rams Mike S. Jags Nathan B. Titans Reed M. Cowboys Rory C. Chiefs Ryan E. Packers Scott C. Patriots Tom K. Bucks Todd C. Colts Tyler W. Panthers Bengals Raiders Weiming H. Cardinals William D. Dolphins and X-Fang Falcons. All right let's do it. Yeah good luck with that spot. I can make sure it packed didn't stay in there. Berman Thomas the 150. There's Anthony Richardson rookie and on Tavion Wicks. Nice Colts the 249 rookie dual jersey auto Anthony Richardson congrats Colts. We'll mag that one for you. LT and Eckler. Deon as a cowboy. Jalen Hyatt. Rookie prize prospects. Zach Evans and Christian Gonzalez. DK Metcalf orange to 199. Miles Murphy prize prospects. Xavier Hutchinson and Will Anderson. Minnie Justin Fields that is orange to 125. Jalen Hyatt and Devon A. Sharon Hall legacy chrome rookie come on. Rockham Jarrett and Devon Witherspoon. Red Aaron Donald to 299. Clayton Tune and Trenton Simpson. This is rookie auto Josh Downes that is Colts. Colts with the rookie auto. Two rookie autos already. Dalton Kincaid and Will Levis from Legacy or overall Isaac Pacheco or Isaiah Pacheco and Clayton Tune rookie gold ice to 35 to 25 that is Cardinals. From Legacy there was a Bryce Young Mini pink ice to five Jordan Battle Zay flowers. That was probably I mean that was the best pull so far I think. Emmett Smith orange to 249. Earl Campbell and Jameer Gibbs rookie Jordan Addison Mini Sean Tucker Quentin Johnston and K. Sean Booty. Jameer Gibbs under the lights Jordan Addison box number two. Daniel Jones and Colts with another hit that is the 249 rookie dual jersey auto Josh Downes. Xavier Hutchinson, Tyree Wilson and Parker Washington. Marcus Allen, Andre Carter and Zach Charbonnet. This is yellow rookie to 150. Xavier Hutchinson, Tanner McKee, Michael Meyer and Bryce Young rookie. Micah Parsons Mini, Paige Bryan Branch and Jackson Smith and Jigba. Michael Meyer under the lights. Silver, Jaylen Carter and Tanner McKee. Kittle CJ Stroud rookie that is to 100 prize prospects. Go Texans. All right, Kelsey's we're going to do a I'll roll a single die here for duels unless it's an Autorellic one-of-one. We'll do top or left one two three bottom or right four five six. That is five duels go bottom or right. Sean Tucker and Jonathan Mingo. Bob Lilly, Paul Krauss or CJ Stroud rookie. Jaren Hall, rookie red to 299 Dalton Kincaid. Vijon Robinson, prize prospects rookie insert. Josh Downes and Darnell Washington. His rookie blue mini took 20. Jameer Gibbs. There you go. Nice one, Lions. Vijon Robinson, rookie and Joey Porter. That is Dreamcatchers, Kellen Winslow. That is an awesome looking card under the lights. Miles Murphy. Seyquan, 25. Andre Reed. Marvin Minns and Tank Bigsby. Travis Etienne Jr. and Browns. To 100, rookie dual jersey auto red, Cedric Tillman. Stafford, Cam Smith and Rashi Rice. All right, box number three. Rice and Montane on the cover there. Jordan Addison, rookie legacy Chrome. Rashi Rice. Red, Travis Kelsey, 299 Chiefs, color match. Rock him, Jarrett. Zach Charbonnet. This is Texans under the lights. Rookie Otto Silver, Tank Dell, Michael Meyer and Bryce Young. Rookie under the lights. Bronze, Seyquan or Orange, that's the 149. Branch and Jackson Smith and Jigba. It's 249. Forty Ages, Lawrence Taylor. Ogden. Jalen Carter and Tanner McKee. Patrick Mahomes, mini. That is to 75. Chiefs. That looks like bronze. Jalen Carter, rookie Silver. Tucker and Mingo. Jay Brown under the lights. Christian Gonzalez and Pierce Koronski. Skoronski. Legends, Barry, Orange to 199. Will Anderson and Zach Evans. Calvin Cook. This is to 10. Futures, dual, rookie Otto, Rashi Rice and Marvin Minns. That is Chiefs and Broncos. Let me double check here and make sure the same person doesn't have both teams. Broncos is Edward P. Chiefs is Rory C. This will be a random at the end. Nice dual Otto Goldice. Could you mag this one please? Good luck on that one. Archie Manning, Tank Dell. Who is this? Tanner McKee under the lights.  Let me see if the checklist has been updated yet. Not serial number, but a really cool card. I think this... No, it's not holographs. Yeah, still no info on that. Anyways, that's a really cool Tanner McKee. Can you put that in the recap please? You don't have the info yet for it. Jalen Hyatt and Devon Ashad. Under the lights. Maybe under the lights. It's a premium edition. I'm looking here. Under the lights, silver. Under the lights, orange, bronze, ruby, sapphire, yellow diamond, diamond, and platinum. Those are all serial numbered. Yeah, I don't know. Solomon Ross St. Brown. It's Tony Dorsett. Two of 50. Legends blue. Kim Jarrett, Vom Wetherspoon. Black and white, that's capped at 10 copies or less. Awesome. Alright, thank you. Appreciate that, Mark. So black and white, number to 10 or less, or capped at 10 copies. Darnell Washington under the lights. Mini. Will Anderson prize prospects. There's Johnson and Hinden Hooker. Where did you find that, Mark? It looks like maybe the... Oh, you did see it on cardboard connection. That's where I was looking. So it looks like our chat is working now on YouTube, but not Twitch. Earlier it was Twitch, but not YouTube. On the re-stream chat. Jordan Addison. Rookie Mini. 125. We'll call it orange. Mahomes in Montana. Bryson Johnson. A.J. Brown under the lights. This one is number to 100. Montana Sanders. Zach Charbonnet. Rookie and Cam Smith. Brian Burns. It's $2.99. Sean Booty. Bryce Young. Rookie. Andre Carter. 400 Panini points. That'll be random to all at the end. Quentin Johnston. Prize prospects. Rookie. Jackson Smith and Jigba. Michael Meyer. Marcus Ware. Marcus Ware and Roger Stalbach. Tanner McKee and Brian Branch. Rookie Yellow. 150. Jalen Hyatt. Rice. Jonathan Mingo. Tank Dell. Under the lights. Blue to 20. Washington and Tucker. Under the lights. Silver. Brock Purdy. Jaren Hall. To 100. Lawrence Taylor. Jalen Carter. I don't know. Washington and CJ Stroud. Rookie. Packers. 249. Rookie. Jersey Otto. Sean Clifford. Travis Kelsey. Under the lights. Porter and Downs. Johnston. Miles Murphy. Ambigeon Robinson. Rookie. Red Rookie. Jalen Carter. That's $2.99. Tank Bigsby and Cedric Tillman. Box number five. Minnie Josh Allen. Zach Charbonnet. Cam Smith. Down to eight on that. Rakers Delight. Case number five. Random teams. On the fly. Over on Layton Channel two. Under the lights. Kittle. Bryce Young. Rookie. Andre Carter. Biggest hit of the day. I would say probably Nolan Gorman. Orange Refractor Rookie Otto from Topps Chrome. Eric Dickerson to 100. Darnell Washington. Jackson Smith and Jigba. Michael Myers behind it. This is Raiders. Otto Ray Guy. Oh dude, it's like 71 degrees in here. It's perfect. Nice Ray Guy for the Raiders. Zach Evans. Tanner McKee and Brian Branch. There's Jonathan Mingo. Rookie and Jalen Carter. Yeah, it's a little bit chilly actually in this room right now. Nice. That is Red Rookie to 2.99. Bryce Young. Go Panthers. Sean Tucker. Rock Kim Jarrett. Minnie Rookie. L. T. and Echler. Colt Pepper. Gonzalez and Tank Dell. Derek Henry under the lights. That one is to 100. Will Anderson and Zach Evans. Zach Prescott. Red to 2.99. Jalen Hyatt. Xavier Hutchinson. Redemption. That is Lions. Future patch or futures patch autographs. Ruby. Jameer Gibbs. Ruby should be numbered to 100. Miles Murphy. Wetherspoon and Jalen Hyatt. Charles Woodson. Hendon Hooker. Rookie and Rock Kim Jarrett. Miles Murphy. Rookie to 150. Zae Flowers. Legacy Chrome. She-Rice and Paris Johnson. Last box of legacy football for box number three. We have one more six boxer out after this. Grab your spots for Top's Chrome Breakers Delight, full case number five random teams over on channel two right now. Forrest is live from the national over on channel two. There's a link again. I don't know what happened. I'll have to look at it after this break but the chat disconnected from Twitch. Kishan Johnson. Garrett Wilson. Generations Green. Nice Jets color match. Anthony Richardson. Rookie Chrome. Simpson and Marvin Memms. CJ Stroud. Under the lights blue. Two of 20. There you go. Texans. Johnson. Christian Gonzalez and Tank Dell. Ritter. Xavier Hutchinson. Will Anderson and Zach Evans. Jaden Hall. Rookie blue to 50. Xavier Hutchinson. This is Seahawks. Under the lights Otto Silver. Jackson Smith and Jigba. Go Seattle. Brian. There's CJ Stroud. Prize Prospects. Hyatt. LT. Henden Hooker. Rookie and Rock Kim Jarrett. Under the lights many Tank Dell. 125. 62. Roger's. Under the lights Jalen Hertz. Jim Kelly. Zay Flowers. Rookie Red to 299. Josh Downs. Jerry Rice. Jamir Gibbs. Rookie and Jordan Battle. There's Jones. Roquan Smith and Clayton Toon. Futures. Gold Ice. Rookie Patch Otto. Cardinals. This is 8 of 10. Go Arizona with the RPA to 10. Jordan Addison and Rookie. Michael Strayhan. Cunningham. Wicks and Smith. And Last Pack. Jacobs. Rockham Garrett. Rookie Orange to 199. Peter Skaronsky. And Anthony Richardson on the back. All right. Random these uh 400 Panini points. Here in just a sec. Here we go. 400 points. Top spot I'll get it. We'll randomize seven times. One, two, three, four, five, six and seven. Bears get the 400 points. Quick recap. Oh we have one other to random here. We're going to do this before we do anything else. That was Rashi Rice and Marvin Mims. Dual Auto. Gold Ice. Three of 10. So Chiefs and Broncos. Futures, Inc. Combos. Give me just a second here. All right. We're going to do one more random. Chiefs, Broncos each entered twice on the random. Good luck. Randomized six times. Here we go. One, two, three, four, five, six. Chiefs. Congrats KC. Bryce Young. Rookie to 299. Tanner McKee. Black and white. Limited to 10 copies or less. CJ Stroud. Under the lights. That is Blue Mini to 20. Nice one. Texas. All right. Relic Autos. Packers. Rookie Jersey Auto. Sean Clifford. That was to 249. Brown. Cedric Tillman. Rookie Dual Jersey Auto to 100. Colts. Rookie Dual Jersey Auto. Josh Downs to 249. Cardinals. Rookie Patch Auto. Gold Ice to 10. Clayton Toon. Seahawks. Auto. Jackson Smith and Jigba. Under the lights. Silver. Lions. Future Patch Autographs. Ruby. Jameer Gibbs. That should be to 100. Raiders with a Ray Guy. Gridiron Grates. Auto. Texans. Under the lights. Auto Tank. Dell. This is Colts. Rookie Auto. Josh Downs. We had Colts. Rookie Dual Jersey Auto. Anthony Richardson to 249. And this went to the Chiefs in the random. Gold Ice. Dual Rookie Auto. Rushy Rice. And Marvin Memms. That'll do it for the break. Thank you everybody. Number four is up next.


And next up, I want to invite someone who has been successful in pushing his corner of the world to be more open and collaborative. So please welcome James Pinnick. Good morning, everybody. I am with Verizon Media and do set the stage a little bit. Verizon Media is a house of brands, many of which are hopefully already part of your daily habits, Huffington Post, TechCrunch, AOL, and Yahoo. Now these are very popular sites and running them requires quite a lot of infrastructure. Consequently, we operate one of the largest infrastructure environments in the world. Interestingly, as of this moment, it is largely now powered by open source. Overwhelmingly, powered by open source. Hundreds of thousands of physical machines with millions of cores and it's all managed with open source. Largely, managed with open source. It was not always thus. When I began my journey at what was then Yahoo, our infrastructure was built almost entirely on custom platforms. We had our own bare metal system which tied into our host name, asset, network databases, probably a familiar story for many of you. And we did this because we had to. No one else operated our scale. There was nothing off the shelf for us to take advantage of. We lived in a world of 1,000 custom tools. YAMAS, YBIP, Waikiki, Wysar, Wynst. There's quite a few more up on the screen. And at the astute amongst you will note that there's a common theme here. I work with some brilliant engineers. But naming things has not always been our strongest suit. By the way, Apache Traffic Server, ATS. Originally started at Yahoo as YTS. So even that, we started by sticking a Y on the front. Which leads me to the next point, which is then, as now, we were very passionate contributors to open source. But the key fundamental building blocks to our data centers were all closed source tools that we had built ourselves. But we're not unique. Our tail is not unique. I've had the opportunity to speak with many infrastructure operators around the world, from very small enterprise groups to very, very large intergovernmental public agencies. And what I think is really fascinating is we all do the same things, although most are a lot more creative in naming their tools. So why is this? Why do we all do the same things? Why do we all build the same fundamental tools ourselves in a vacuum? This was a necessity at some point, sure. But why does this culture persist? And I'll tell you why. One, we're kind of stuck in this rut. We assume nobody else needs to solve the same problems we need to solve. Who else out there needs to put an operating system on a machine, right? No, I'm special. I'm unique. I'm a snowflake. There's no point in putting this out there. Also, the code's terrible, and I don't want anyone to see it. Two, building things yourself is fun. It's an opportunity to learn and grow, explore and create something on your own without any outside influence. It's a lot of fun. And in the short term, it actually seems to have a much higher return on investment. You have an idea. You build a prototype. You go to production. It was fast, easy. You can go from an idea to production very fast. But in the long run, you will lose out to open infrastructure every single time. Why is that? Because as I stand here right now, someone in the world is working on a piece of software that is moving my infrastructure forward a little bit more. They don't work for my company. They don't work for me. But someone in the world, somebody is improving my infrastructure. When I go to bed tonight, someone in the world is waking up, and they're going to start improving my infrastructure for me. They're going to push on the things that I care about just a little bit more. And when they go to bed, someone in my team is doing the exact same thing. I once had a boss tell me that I was the only software architect he'd ever met who didn't insist on building everything from scratch myself. And he asked why I chose to use a certain open source cloud platform, OpenStack, instead of designing my own thing. And I said, the reason is because it exists. It exists, and it has an active and passionate global community who are constantly working to improve their product. The value of that force multiplication cannot be understated. However, I'm preaching to the choir here. So the bigger question is how do we do it? If you thought moving over 20 years of infrastructure to open source tooling is easy, I've got news for you. It's hard. It's not an overnight thing. Yes, there are people around the world building tools for you, but it's not the saw that builds the house. It's the carpenter. So we started out with OpenStack. We experimented with some virtualization clusters, and then we realized that we were dodging the biggest problem. We had to focus on the thing to begin with, the thing that runs your data centers, the thing that powers all of your infrastructure. We had to start with that, bears. Now bears, sorry, wrong deck, bear metal, it ain't easy, but it is necessary. Early on, we realized we needed to deal with this seemingly basic problem. I mean, turn on a machine, install an operating system. How hard can it be? Very hard, very, very hard. So we realized before we needed to grab our tools and build this house, it's got to stand on something. It needs a foundation. Bear metal is the rebar and concrete which forms the foundation of your infrastructure. VMs, containers, functions are all awesome, but each thing stands on the layer beneath, and they all stand on top of the foundation, which is bear metal. Bear metal is not flashy. It's not glamorous. It's not the latest cool new toy that people are making breathless blog posts about, but you got to deal with it. So we invested there. We changed the business to make infrastructure as a service bear metal an option and then a default, and then it was mandatory. Like one way or another, you're going to use this. What was once a heretical idea became common sense, and I really like that expression from heresy to common sense. Are we done? No, we're managing the bulk of our infrastructure, hundreds of thousands of machines with millions of cores. We focused on the commodity 80% of the problem first. We took some of the special cases, we made them into commodity cases, and now we're taking the rest of the special cases and we're focusing on them. It's very hard, and it takes a lot of the three Ps, passion, persistence, and persuasion, but it can be done. On top of bear metal, we're running virtual machines, Kubernetes, containers. We have Kubernetes on bear metal and on VMs. Containers exist at all levels of the stack.  One day, my dream is to push all of our workloads off of bear metal and into higher order functions. Even then, if I'm successful, if I get everything into VMs and functions and containers, underneath it all, there's still gonna be bear metal, and that's why I'm really trying to drive this home is this is critical. How do, and the other important part of how we got there is my team. Like I said, it's not the carpenter, it's not the saw that builds the house, it's the carpenter. Well, these are my carpenters. We've made fantastic progress, and I am so proud of them and all that they have accomplished. This is them in a mandatory fun event. I'm gonna finish up by saying, if we're doing this, you can do this too. I'm a special unique snowflake and so are you, I get it. But if we did it, you can too. If you're right now in this room with me, even if you're just using this as a quiet place to frantically finish up your slides for today, you're on the right track. If you're watching the recording, you're on the right track. Put that ego aside and get involved and don't just consume open infrastructure, participate and give back. The more you put engineering, engineering and architectural expertise, but most importantly is operational expertise, the more you put it in that to the community, the better the community is gonna be able to produce a product that helps, you're gonna be able to shape the product and the better that product is gonna suit your needs. I hope that our experiences moving over four million cores to technology like OpenStack Ironic can help encourage you and give you the confidence to do the same. Thank you very much and have a great summit. Thank you.


Now for our faithful few who have remained with us all the way to the end We are going to bring a great panel. It's our tradition to have Penelope Douglas who's been on the board for Mission hub for quite a long time to emcee this panel of folks to reflect on what we've heard here at SoCAP and Appoint us to the future so Penelope and your team come on out That you're going to be welcomed by jets I believe Passionate audience I can tell and We're passionate about you so if you happen to want to move up to help us close this out feel free the This this closing session is going to be of course Interesting because of our extra sound effects But But what it always gives us a chance to do is to sort of think about where we're going and It it's a it's a chance to be a little personal together and to be a little bit reflective And I never quite know what I'm doing in this particular session until literally the morning of Of our session Including the fact that we were just joined by somebody on stage And I'll have to make sure that we all do good introductions. There may be others who join us who knows So by way of letting our Panel introduce themselves to you as fellow human beings. I'm going to have them that you've met them all already So I'm going to have them introduce themselves in a slightly different way And so starting with you I think Davida If the audience wants to get to know you a little bit better How would you tell them to get to know you by using a picture of you or a song? What would the song or picture look like Okay Well for those who I've had the opportunity to meet at SoCath over the last three days And I just spoke on a panel this morning It will come to no surprise to them that I've introduced myself as the daughter and granddaughter great-granddaughter deacons and Preachers so as a child I was Born and raised and set at the pulpit set at the foot in the pulpit of ministers So if you were to take anything away and remember me and what it would look like It would probably look like in a song if you can imagine being in a Baptist church And the choir Doing this grand entrance when the choir comes in to the church and the song that would probably Represent me in terms of my personal reflection and take away from SoCath Is this song called one step and as the choir marches in they sing this song is called one step All I have to do is take one step and he will do the rest It says if I take Just one step He will do the rest and that is a reflection of my experience here at SoCath Because sometimes I feel in Detroit that I'm alone and coming here to SoCath around all these Visionaries and around the people who share my same dream and the same mission I feel like God is putting people in my life That will allow me to pail and carry my mission forward, but all I have to do is take one step I knew DeVito was gonna set the bar fairly high for the rest of you Who wants to volunteer to go next Please sure I don't mind being a having a tough act to follow The song that came clear to me being here. It's one of the times that I never I feel more like a Representative in New York than anywhere like a fish out of water One of the things that I have here was that when I've been coming to every SoCath I'm mostly famous at SoCath for just showing up at SoCath. I've been giving awards for just showing up at SoCath So I used to call myself as I'm a SoCath groupie, but possibly considered a SoCath has a Kardashian That would be me. I'm just I'm just here But the one thing that I find is that in the West Coast vibe back in the classic East Coast West Coast culture I'm constantly having people say you are so New York. You are so New York So if we had just you know, I don't know let's say the Liza Manelli version of New York, New York playing behind me at every moment As I walked around the room. I mean, I've got the face already I've got the attitude I've got the thing but that would be my soundtrack that I would play here Fabulous I Hear it. I'm hearing it Who's next?  All right This is Esther Park. Hi Well, I think for me the the thing that comes to my mind is the haystacks painting by Monet And I think of that big for a couple of reasons one is that You know, this marks It's it's an impressionist picture and Impressionism really broke the rules of its day when it came to art, you know Everything used to be very real and hard lines But impressionism really started to break the rules of what what was beauty and and and how you captured the feeling of a picture And I feel like with the tool of finance which often has the Hard lines and rules and and models around it. I like to think of myself as the Impressionist financier You know to take a very different view of how we do finance to blur the lines To break the rules and to create a new definition of beauty And so that's Beautiful picture and when we I ask you a few more questions as well This picture will become more beautiful because of your work Absolutely fantastic Kevin. I'm gonna let you go last, okay Right, okay, I have to go back to I mean I was grew up I'm a Buddhist now, but I grew up in the Baptist church And so those roots go very deeply so the so the River Jordan Comes to mind and sort of crossing the River Jordan and because I also Am into genealogy I can trace my roots to the plantation in Virginia where my ancestors came That has particular meaning. So in terms of relating to me, you know, I'm all about the underdog I'm all about challenges. I'm all about being victorious and all those that want to aspire that way We have something to talk about Another beautiful song Okay, Kev. Yeah Pictures I do think of pictures my pictures are up on Instagram at Kevin Doyle Jones But the pictures I find myself taking a lot are Turbulence on the edge of pattern flow So there's a little rough water and then what amazes me and I get real close in the river And there's a flow that is a consistent curved twisted thing, but it is soft and The flow is working and breaking apart and then on the edge. It's breaking into chaos. So That's the thing that I find really interesting and those of you who know Kevin personally know I think you're still doing you're doing a lot of you walk up the river, right? Yeah. Yeah hike up the river, right? So very intimate relationship to that picture. I suspect So I I want to Talk to you all about discovery and I want to talk to you If this is my best effort to segue from the prior Conversation, which of course I feel hopeless in doing well, but one of the prior Conversationalists said, you know, really it's about what can we do and so in that in that spirit each of you has a has a practice I want you to very briefly like in a sentence describe This is my work and then describe to me and to all of us if you can something you discovered here either it could be a gap you discovered or or a Place where the flow is happening. I'd rather you not sort of go I saw all these opportunities, but like let's let's talk about it kind of the way. I tried to tee it up just there so Esther you willing to go first. Mm-hmm. So what is your work? So my work is integrated capital for soil health and regenerative agriculture Simple and in terms of what I saw here I Think that there is a huge excitement going on for what is the potential For change because we are in pretty dire times right now And I don't need to you know reiterate what those what those times are like right now But that people are focused on solutions And so we need to create more solutions to address the changes that we need to see in this world So I'm very excited from you know just the energy that I've been getting from people around Looking for solutions and trying to be creative about what those are great When you think about your work and you think about leaving here is there a Is there a gap is there something where you're going but whoa holy smokes or say that more strongly You know here's something. I'm really gonna have to take care of is there something that comes to mind Yeah, I feel like we really need to find a way to support the individual investor Whether it's a high net worth person or whether it's not a high net worth person We need to find ways to support and activate more individual investors one of the things that if you look at history venture capital used to be Not an asset class before it was an asset class who was investing in venture capital It was individual high net worth individuals. So these are the people who are leading the change And I feel like we do not do enough to support these folks And so, you know, there's lots of people who have interest and they want change and they have the ability to lead change And so we need to support these folks with infrastructure and Deal flow and assistance. There's a lot of stuff that I think needs to be done there taking estrus lead Who'd like to go next? I'd like to could you deal flow is like that's the 500 5 million dollar or a billion dollar word that that really what got me here and probably on the stage here now is What we're trying to do what I'm trying to do now with the initiative that you might have heard called soda here Is that we're trying to hit all the friction points that are getting in the way of the deal flow that ultimately is what we'd like to see To jumpstart the so cap sector, right? I mean, that's the thing about impact investing there's there's no impact unless you get the investments and one of the things about being at so many so caps is that You know, I think I think so cap does its job It actually convenes and if you to plot at a strictly increasing number of the right people in the room and we all have the right conversations here but Synergy is not my favorite word, but I'm coming friendly with anti synergy when somehow the hole is less than the sum of its parts Because the other 362 days of the year we want to jumpstart it and we really want to see the deal flow So the deal flow issue that we're trying to hit the first resistance point. We're hitting we launched here Just two days ago, which is called the soda to data commons I'll give a shout out to Audrey Celian who I'm sitting in for because she's on a plane back to Switzerland as we speak But this was her brainchild and she brought me in as well. She's also a veteran of so cap from the initial one coming here So what we're trying to do is you know hit those pain points hit those friction points Shared data. We know was one of them. There's gonna be other ones to hit and we're looking forward to, you know Working with so cap and the discovery that I got from here is that we're not alone We weren't the only ones who've been beating our heads against the wall We've we've we've tapped into a frustration people who? Acknowledge that we could doing better. We would like to see more deals. It's that's they the size of the sector Could grow and that we know that the right people in the room are here now So even if we don't have all the right answers. We're asking the right questions in the right rooms To Vita. Yeah, so if I can follow up and what's your work? Oh, yeah So I would like to just take that thread through a bit. Thank you If so cap is the intersection of money and meeting They represent the money and I think I represent the And so my work is Detroit and I'm the co-director of a nonprofit organization called Food Lab Detroit and we through food bill community we are a Community of a hundred and sixty small locally owned food businesses in the city of Detroit and yes We provide the technical assistance in the incubation to help them start and sometimes grow and scale their business But at the end of the day what we really are a revolution is we are trying to redefine this economy So the economy in the city of Detroit can be more local could be more sustainable and More importantly can be more delicious and so Penelope I know that you indicated that we were going to move away a little bit from the last discussion But if I may take a moment, I feel inside of me Grace Lee Boggs was brought up in our last conversation and they talked about and Grace Lee died On Monday a hundred years old She was in the city of Detroit and I would be remissed if I did not bring a word from Grace Lee to the audience Today me being from Detroit. Thank you. And so Grace Lee said to us and in Detroit all of us who studied her She says unlike rebellions which erupts spontaneously and usually last only a few days revolutions revolutions require a patient and proactive process of two-sided transformational struggle Going beyond rejection to Projection they bring them to the historical stage human beings Who are practicing new more socially responsible and loving? Relationships not only to one another but to the earth and I guess what I'm taking away Penelope into my fatal panelist Back to Detroit with me that the revolution will be financed And and and thank you for helping me continue the conversation because I was I was so hopeful and and helpless and you just helped such a great deal Ed What is your work? Well? my work as I've mentioned before is Impact venture capital and I hope to help finance that revolution It's on record I Get it. I get any particular discovery or gap, you know one of the things that you know I felt here is that is that it's a struggle that's going on with all of us here and That's what's wonderful about so kept it allows a space for that struggle to happen and among Folks who you don't have to apologize for it in the process You don't have to apologize and so if I were to talk about a gap the gap is that you know You know, we're closing the gap. So cap is closing the gap We've got 2,700 people have been here today next year 5,000 that gap goes closer that that gap is Become smaller Kevin what's on your mind? Yeah, you know I as I sit here, you know, I think about myself as somebody from Mississippi as the editor of the Mississippi business journal as Jackson became a black majority city and and so I raised the Question on on the first day, you know, why is it that we're investing more in Africa than African-Americans?  I really passionate Best five minutes is up on Facebook right now and part of the beat is riff and the conversation with Derek but afterwards this guy he's it works with the design school and And I just asked that question and he was asking it of himself He is it works with the design firm. He said, you know, we do community-centered human-centric design. It's really wonderful We're really active in Uganda and we're moving to Rwanda and and I said, you know But but I wonder why we aren't doing anything here in Oakland and and I just came back from Mississippi to where you know There was a wedding of some of the folks who are involved in public school the daughter and and you know, Mississippi racists are conscious and I realized that when this fellow said why is it he could not see why he wasn't and So with neighborhood economics, we want to accelerate the flow of capital into Marginalized neighborhoods and get folks who are not thinking about those neighborhoods acting in those neighborhoods and helping that guy with Asking the question, you know, why are we going to Rwanda and and not two blocks away to people, you know With whom have a similar disparity of wealth and he does not know how to answer that question in himself There's institutional racism that is not personal on the coast where it's personal and institutional in Mississippi Yeah, and and he just not able to answer that question, but the fact that he's asking it is good I want to you know, you keep talking to white folks and asking asking the question like why not? Who is your neighbor? Why are you acting that way? Right? That's what I want to do. I loved Ed's comment in the earlier panel too about like if you're inviting people into your house and Somehow you feel you have to rearrange your house for the person of color Maybe you ought to check yourself a bit that really stayed with me kind of the other side of Kevin What you're talking about we have we have a monitor that tells us off and on whether we have any time left at all or not But I think we have about two minutes And what I'd like to invite each of you to do we can all do the math about how much time each of you has As a farewell to your companions in the audience either choose a single word or the name of a person who right now Inspires you so it's a single word or The name of someone who right now right this minute is an inspiration to you Single word or an inspiration. I'm sure it's because I'm a geek hashtag collaboration collaboration I'll go with blindness the guy I talked to let's look at our blindness Yeah, I would say Gratitude because I'm grateful that we're having this conversation I agree Esther I'm gonna break your rule and do two words. I knew you're gonna do that Beautiful portfolio Yeah, okay, very nice So if I can't know I guess I'm gonna follow Esther's leading go with two words and my two words would be radical love radical love And anybody from the audience we have 52 seconds left So if you want to shout a word out to us just get up and shout it feel free Vision What else? Say it Empathy Wonder New systems two words excellent two words though Love Solidarity Revolution I was accused the other night of calling the the whatever it's called the dips dipsy pig They you know the shifty pig, and I know that that's a party place Any last word Action and I'm gonna close with one and with which I'm gonna ask Our colleagues to let Kevin and I welcome the rest of our board on stage if that's okay, Rosalie and my the word the last word Will be thank you