This is the first video in my new course on more advanced topics in linear algebra. Very much a second course in linear algebra at college or university. Now to start this course we are going to consider complex vectors and complex matrices. So in this first video I talk about the imaginary unit and complex numbers. For some of you this might be brand new but for most I suspect it's just a bit of revision. I've created many resources for this course. Firstly there are these video lectures. You will see me taking to pencil and paper explaining the concepts and working through some example problems. Now there are also videos on how to do the calculations using simple Python code. The Python videos will be interspersed between the normal pencil and paper lectures. You don't need to know any Python to watch these videos. Using Python to do your math homework is very easy and if you wish to watch the Python videos then you will learn Python while doing math in no time at all. You also don't have to download and install Python. You can use your Google Drive just as you use Google Docs. In fact I have a video to show you just how easy it is to set up your Google Drive so that you can write Python code for mathematics. There's a link to the video in the description and I think it is worthwhile watching the Python videos. In real life we use computer code to do mathematics. It can actually help you understand the work better. It is also great at checking your homework. There's also a set of lecture notes which form a free open textbook. There's a link to these notes in the description. The notes read very much like a textbook and also contains code examples. Now the code in the notes that is written in MATLAB. Now MATLAB is still used in many colleges and universities, mathematics and science departments. You can still read the textbook and type your code in Python though. But back to this video. Let's explore the imaginary unit and complex numbers. Grab your pencil and some paper. There we have, let's get our trusty Nvidia ruler here. An imaginary number. So we know from the real numbers and we usually use a variable X for a real number. We're going to say that X is a member of this set of real numbers. We'll do that double struck R. Because we know if we square every real number it has going to be equal to or larger than zero. If we square a positive number three squares nine, if we square a negative number negative three squares nine, if we square zero with zero, so we're never going to get anything less than zero. This absolute lower bound is going to be zero. We have this little issue that we might want to take the square root of a negative number say the square root of negative one. Now if I square any number we've just said well as far as the real is the set of real numbers concerned that's not going to work for us. So we define this imaginary number in the following way. We say I now imaginary is a horrible name but it's stuck and we've got to deal with it. There's nothing imaginary about it. But anyway we have this number i, a lowercase i, and we say if we square that we get negative one. That's how we define this imaginary number, this imaginary unit. That's probably a better way to call it. And so this imaginary unit is defined in the following way we say it's i such that when we square it we get negative one. So what am I going to do? I'm going to put a little green arrow there for us. It is a definition and I want to you know sort of highlight where all our definitions are. This means if I take the square root of both sides I'm going to have this idea that this imaginary unit is going to equal the square root of negative one. But really not how I want to remember it. I want to remember this unit as a thing that when I square it I get negative one. And so that brings us now that we've defined this to the set of complex numbers. So there's the set of complex numbers. We have got some notation for these numbers. To set we had this double struct R. We're going to have some notation. So notation and the notation for the set is the set C and we also put a little double struct line through the so C. The set of all complex numbers. Now we want to define a complex number and for any element of this complex number we usually use symbols. This as we used to use X and Y etc for R. We have some symbols that we commonly use but you can obviously use any symbol you want. And by that symbol I mean an element of and we usually say this we use this symbol Z. We say Z is a member of the set of complex numbers. This is X as an element of the real numbers. You can use whatever you want. This is common to use. Other common ones that we do use as W etc. And now we've just got to define what this actually what what is this complex number. This complex number Z. How do we write it out? How do we think about it? A complex number and the variable that we use Z equals A plus B I. Now B I means B times I. And I've just got to be clear about this A and B. They are both elements of the set of real numbers. And it's B times B times I. I can also write I times B same thing. But I have these two parts of a complex number. So we have a complex number. We better put some some little green arrow there just to remind us that's a definition for us. We're always going to use that. And that means there's these two components to this number. By the way let's just do let's just say Z equals 3 plus 4 times I. Perfectly valid complex number. Perfectly valid complex number. Now there are two parts to this and this is these parts A and B.  And remember I can also use other terms. We'll have a look at that very shortly. We have A and B. And we're going to say A equals the real part. I'm going to call that the real part of the imaginary number Z. The real part. And this one I'm going to call the imaginary part. Nothing imaginary about it. And it is a real number. The imaginary part. So let's put it out there because it counts for the both of them. The real part and the imaginary part. And we very quickly can see what happens when let's let B the imaginary part equals zero. So if B was zero I might have Z equals A plus zero times I. Now that as I said that unit is it's just we can think of what is the number. It's multiplied by zero. So that's just going to equal A. And A is just a real number. So in this instance Z is A a real number which helps us to understand the fact that all real numbers this whole set of real numbers they are a proper subset of the complex numbers. So they are a smaller version of I'm going to call it smaller let's just keep it there. I don't want to be specific and pedantic about that definition smaller at the moment the cardinality of the sets etc. I'm just going to say it is a proper subset of C of C in as much as I can always just let the imaginary part be zero that gives me a real number. But for every real number you know there's an uncountably infinite number of values I can put for B because the set of real numbers are uncountably infinite. And so you can see how I've expanded my world by introducing this imaginary part. With these two parts obviously another nice thing that we can think about is to plot these and I'm going to talk about the argand plane argand plane. Now we know one plane already and that's the cartesian plane for real numbers both axes are real numbers and here we have sort of the similar idea of an argand plane other than the fact we're going to call this one the real axis and we're going to call this one the meant this orthogonal axis we're going to call that the imaginary axis imaginary axis. So once we've done that we can see a slightly different notation we used to this being an x and this being a y and that both x and y are real numbers which means there's another way that I can write these I can say z equals x plus now for some reason we swap we commute because it's this multiplication we can commute when you use x and y for some reason most of us we just write x plus i y instead of x plus y i doesn't matter but because you know we used to this being x and that being y and both sets are real numbers I can think of let's think keep on thinking of them as a and b doesn't really matter I can think of this being a vector if I have a vector from the origin to this point here a comma b that a comma b on this argand plane is another way to think about an imaginary number so instead of writing it out x plus i y or a plus bi I write it as a as this ordered pair for a stereo part then the imaginary part inside of a set of parentheses separated by a comma and that is as far as the argand plane is concerned at least that is an imaginary number and because I can visualize this as a vector it does mean I can think of an angle and I can think of a length I can definitely think of an angle and I can think of a length so let's start with the length and we call that as far as complex numbers are concerned we call that the norm the norm or just the length of this and we can make use of good old the good old Pythagorean theorem because what we do have here is mutually perpendicular axes and there we go I can think of the Pythagorean theorem in as much as the length of this component is a the length of that component is b this is a right angle I have a right angle triangle and I can think of the norm and the way that we would usually write that is we would say there's our imaginary number z it's a variable at the moment and we're going to put these little bars in the front and in the back there we go a z with these double bars that's the norm of z and what would that be well it's going to be the square root of a squared plus b squared just according to the Pythagorean theorem so that's just going to be and it's always going to be positive for us it's a positive length and if z was so let's just define z here z was a plus bi that means this is going to be a squared plus b squared so we can see here that the norm of a complex number is always going to be a real number because I have a real part squared the imaginary part both of them are real numbers and so this is always going to be an element of real numbers but it's going to be very special because it's always going to be positive it can be zero of course if the imaginary number that I'm talking about is zero comma zero so that's the norm and then we have to talk about this angle and we call that angle the argument so there's the argument so by the way let's put that there for our norm right there now we're going to talk about the argument this is the angle counterclockwise that this vector makes with the positive real axis and that we're going to call the argument and if we think about this let's make this theta at the moment theta we can use once again our right angle triangle and obviously we can call out the tangent here so if I call out the tangent of theta at the moment as it stands that's opposite divided by adjacent that's going to be b over a and that means that this angle this argument is going to be the arc tangent let's use arc tangent of b divided by a if I take the arc tangents of both sides those are inverses of each other that's what I have so if I have some way of calculating the arc tangent of the imaginary part divided by the real part I'm going to get this argument and we go from 0 all the way to 2 pi and of course I can just go around again but on this interval from 0 to 2 pi I'm going to actually call that later on I'll call that the principal argument so I think we know enough of the complex numbers now that we can go on in the next video and we're going to talk about some arithmetic with the complex numbers


We have Anthony P. Bucks, N-R-G Chargers, Ashley W. Bengels, Blair B. Commanders, Christopher C. Jags, Dane B. Colts, Daniel C. Browns, Derek N. Seahawks, Dylan J. Titans, Edward P. Broncos, Eric M. Raiders, Jacob H. Giants, James A. Texans, Jeff M. Vikings, Eagles Packers, Jeffrey H. Jets, Kyle L. Jets, Dillon J. Texans, Jeff M. Vikings, Eagles Packers, Jeffrey H. Jets, Kyle M. Falcons, Steelers, Niners, Michael B. Rams, Peter B. Lyons, Rodolfo C. Sains, Ronnie B. Cowboys, Russell P. Chiefs, Ryan B. Ravens, Bills, Steven C. Patriots, Tang K. Panthers, Thomas M. Bears, Tim V. Cardinals, and Victor F. Dolphins. All right, let's do it. We have seven more of these today. Six box, half case, pick your team style breaks. Forces on the two channel doing random styles. And then Sam will be doing random styles. That's random teams and random divisions tonight here on the main channel. There's Jaylen Waddle, Devante Adams, Silver, Cameron Thomas, Jay Moore. That is White 35, Alvin Kamara, 26 of 35, and Broncos, Super Bowl Otto, DeMarcus Ware. Second Broncos, Super Bowl Otto, and two breaks so far. Sutton Kenneth Walker, that's rookie field level. Romeo Dobbs, Silver Rookie, and Kelsey. Forrest Buckner, Tri-Color. Skyler Thompson, Rookie Silver. Stingley, Javonte Williams. Phenomenon Silver. Snoop Connor, Rookie Silver, and Kelsey. Jimmy G, Sweet Level Blue. That's to 99. Darius Slay, Drake Jackson, Rookie Silver. This is to 49, Justin Fields. Make sure you get the right name of the color here. This is Justin Fields. Oh, Premier level, that was hiding there. That's Neon Green, Aiden Hutchinson, Rookie. Russell Wilson, Zeke. Jonathan Taylor Sensations, and nice. That is Falcons, Rookie Jersey Otto to 49, Drake London. Rookie Jersey Otto Silver. Yeah, and that is to 49. Mike Williams, Vidarian Mathis, Rookie White, that's to 35. Rookie Silver, Traylon Burks, Neon Icons, and Malik Willis. That is Rookie Sweet Level Silver. Nice one, Titans, Bailey Zappi. This is Steelers to 25. Sparks Jersey, Ty Dye, Deontay Johnson. Safe one. As we have the Browns, Packers, Chiefs, and Niners. Four left for select football, six box. Number three, pick your team. Garrett Wilson, Rookie Phenomenon, Nick Bonito, Rookie Silver, and Scary Terry. Darren Waller, Purple, that's to 75. Josh Allen, Silver, Kyle Phillips. Bailey Zappi, Rookie Phenomenon, and Jimmy G. Silver, Sweet Level, Monroe St. Brown. This is Vikings to 99, Jersey Silver, Justin Jefferson. Roger McCreary, Rookie Silver, Evan Neal, Rookie Silver. Ty Dye, 25, Taylor Heinecke. That is 24 of 25 commanders. Patrick Sartan, Kirby Joseph, Rookie Silver, Mike Hans, Aaron Rodgers, and Bills. This is to 199, Rookie Jersey Auto, James Cook. This is Jared Alexander, George Pickens, Snapshots. Micah Parsons, Silver. There's DJ Moore, Light Blue to 99, and Steelers, 35, Rookie Auto, White, Calvin Austin. Mark Andrews, Joe Burrow, Sensations, Kurt Warner, Silver. Have you guys seen American Underdog? I really like that movie a lot. Yvonne Tibido, and that is Maroon, Jalen Hurts, 149. And Rodgers, Silver. Micah Parsons, Silver, Snapshots, David Montgomery. Jalen Hurts, this is Maroon, Rookie Daniel Bellinger. Leonard Floyd, Kyron Williams, Rookie Silver, and Brice Hall. There's Nick Bolton, Blue. And Colts to 199, Jersey Auto, Silver. Reggie Wayne, there you go. Nice one, Colts. Calvin Cook, Cooper Cup, Deshaun Watson, Silver. Vidarian Mathis, this is Tyron Matthew. This is to 25, Sweet Level, TyDy. Nice one, Saints. Baker Mayfield, Silver, Bonta Smith. There's Sauce and Kenny Pickett, Rookie Sensations. Bailey Zappie, Rookie Field Level, Silver. Nice one, Patriots. Kamara Purple, LaVisca Chanel, Jordan Poyer, Wandaille Robinson, Rookie Silver. Isaiah Spiller, Rookie Light Blue to 99. Jonathan Owens, Justin Fields, Silver. That is Sensations, Rookie Malik Willis. Thanks for Rookie Insert. Kater Coho, Rookie Silver. What's up, Ari? Desmond Ritter, Rookie. Brian Robinson, Jr., Neon Signs, and Handlers to 199, Rookie Auto, Silver. Matt Corral, yep, ripping football a lot now. There's Rashad Bateman, Tri-Color. Silver, Adam Thielen, Wandaille Robinson. Desmond Ritter, Rookie Sweet Level. DeHop, Sensations, Silver Insert, and Drake London. That is Rookie Silver, Club Level, and Texans. That is 21 of 99, Rookie Jersey, Silver. Damion Pierce, Rashad White, Rookie Silver, and Matt Giudon, ETN, Joe Burrow, Silver, and Fields, Field Level. Guys, let's get the next break filled up. We have Browns Packers, Chiefs, and Niners. Four teams left. Jabbo, this is Tri-Color Rookie, Drake London, and Steelers to 25. That is tie-dye auto Cameron Hayward. Hater Kohoo, Force has a lot of spots left for today. If you want to grab up some random styles, here's Tom Brady, Derek Stingley, Rookie Sweet Level, CD-Lam, A-Rod, Silver. DJ Moore, Light Blue, Devontae Wyatt, Rookie Silver, and Saquon. First, McCaffrey Garrett Wilson, Rookie Sweet Level, Silver, and T. Higgins. Davis Mills, and Blue. Kyler Murray, you got Cardinals, nice Kyler. That's a concourse level to 199. Kenneth Walker, Rookie Sweet Level, and Josh Allen, Rookie Concourse Level. Did I say Rookie, I meant Silver. Kenny Pickett, and Neon Icons, Rookie Insert, Malik Willis. This is Chargers to 60, Rookie Auto, Red. Isaiah Spiller, they're all young. Or I'm sorry, Derek, young. Green, Ann, and XRC Redemption. All right, here we go. That is XRC Prism Redemption, card number 515, wide receiver six, that is Jaden Reed, that goes to the Packers. 515 Jaden Reed Packers, last team sold. Congrats on the XRC Redemption. Give me one second here, I'll find a sponsor right there. Jahan Dotson, that is Rookie Silver Field Level, and Greg Dolchich, or Dolchich. Mack Jones, and Red, Sweet Level, Patrick Sir Tan, that goes to 49. Ken Juergens, Rookie Silver, Justin Jefferson, this is Garrett Wilson, Rookie Phenomenon, Silver Insert, or Sean Latimore, and 75 Commanders, Rookie Jumbo, Jersey White, Sam Howell, Roger McCreary, Rookie Silver, Aidan Hutchinson, Rookie Phenomenon, Evan Neal, Rookie Silver, and Kenneth Walker, Rookie Field Level, Bo, and AJ Brown, White, and this is Concourse Level 7 of 35, Josh Jacobs, Sean Watson, Silver. All right, two boxes to go. As we have Brown's Packers, Chiefs, and Niners. Four teams left on the next one, let's fill it up. This is Dak Prescott, Neon Green, 49, and Steelers to 199, Rookie Otto Silver, Calvin Austin, Ray Hendrickson, Josh Allen, Adam Thielen, Silver, Fonte Wyatt, Kevin Harris, Rookie Blue, Jeremy Rucker, Rookie Silver, and Hutchinson, Jamar Chase, Silver Snapshots Insert, Austin Eckler, and Jalen Petrie, Rookie Field Level, Latta Smith, Kurt Warner, Silver, and Romeo Dobbs, Rookie Field Level. It's Pierre Strong Jr., Rookie White, and this is the 35. Garrett Wilson, Rookie Sweet Level, and Rashad White. That is Rookie Silver, Premier Level, or Concourse Level, I'm sorry, got a key.  Rookie Red, Jameson Williams, Fonte Adam Silver, and Joshua E. Neon Icons, Dak, Kyle Duggar, Sweet Level Silver, and Cortland Sutton. Traylon Burks, Rookie, Zemir White, and Jags to 75, Jersey, White, Trevor Lawrence, T-Law, Joe Burrow, Silver, and Brock Purdy. That's a club level Rookie, Ford, and Logan Thomas. Tydide, 25, Washington, Julio, Silver, Snoop. Last pack, box number five, Andrew Booth, and another XRC Redemption. That is XRC Prism Redemption, card number 508. Running back to, that is Jameer Gibbs, Lyons. 508, Jameer Gibbs, Lyons. Two XRC Redemptions in the six boxer. There's Tyreek, Snapshots, Brian Burns, Silver, and Drake London, Rookie. All right, last box of the break. Again, we have four to go on the next one. Brown's Packers, Chiefs, and Niners. I think the Packers and Chiefs have both hit in both. There's Daxton Hill, and Tri-Color Rookie, Ahmad Saas Gardner. There you go, Jets, that is Premier level to 199. Patrick Mahomes, Silver, and Akeem Hicks. Trevor Lawrence, Dante Forman, Silver, and Khalil Mack. This is Breece Hall, Neon Icons, and Sir Baker Mayfield, Silver, Patrick Mahomes, and Tri-Color Rookie, Drake London. Ron Harmon, Monroe St. Brown, Gino Smith, and Stefan Diggs. That is field level white. That's 16 of 35. Bradley Chubb, Nick Bonito, Rookie Silver, on Tibido, DeHop Sensations, and Niners to 49. That's Rookie Otto, Light Blue, Tyreon Davis Price. Okay, David, that is Chris Godwin. Field level, gold to 10 for the Bucks. There you go, Tampa Bay. Charles Cross, Rookie Silver, Joseph and Kyron Williams. This is white. Joe Mixon, Bengals, 35, and Seahawks, Super Bowl Otto, Cam Chancellor. Mosley, Breece Hall. Saw Rookie Phenomenon, Saquan, Silver. A few packs to go here, let's finish strong. Neon Icons, Brock Purdy, Logan Thomas, Silver. This is Broncos to 99, Sparks Jersey, Jerry Judy. Sean Watson, Silver. Another XRC Redemption. That is XRC Prism Redemption QB1. Card number 501, that is Bryce Young. There you go, Panthers, congrats on the QB1. Bryce Young, XRC, three XRCs in six boxes here. There's Tyre, and Channing Tendall. I mean, just a minute here, we'll do a recap. Guys, we have Browns Packers, Chiefs, and Niners left. Still the Niners left. Four, six box, number three. Right, so we had a Chris Godwin, gold to 10. Relics, that's Broncos, Jerry Judy to 99. Jags, Trevor Lawrence to 75. Commanders, Rookie, Sam Howell to 75. That's Texans, Damion Pierce, Rookie to 99. Vikings, Justin Jefferson to 99. Steelers, Deontay Johnson to 25. Autos, Seahawk Super Bowl, Cam Chancellor, Niners, Rookie, Tyreon Davis Price to 49. Steelers, Rookie, Calvin Austin to 199. And then we had, move that to the back here. Save that for the end. All right, we had Chargers, Rookie Maroon, Isaiah Spiller to 60. Steelers, Cameron Hayward, Tyde to 25. Panthers, Matt Corral, Rookie to 199. Steelers, Calvin Austin, Rookie to 35. Broncos, DeMarcus Ware, Super Bowl. Relicados, that's Chiefs, Rookie, George Carloftus to 99. Colts, Reggie Wayne, nice one to 199. Bills, Rookie, James Cook to 199. The My Box, Steve. Falcons, Drake London, that is Rookie, Jersey Auto to 49. And then three XRC Redemptions and six boxes. We had Packers with the wide receiver six. Card number 515, Jaden Reed, Lyons running back two. Card number 508, Jameer Gibbs and Panthers. QB1, XRC Prism Redemption, Bryce Young. That'll do it for the break. Good stuff, thank you everybody. Number three is coming up.


Well, hello everyone, thank you for being here and sorry I'm the last person holding you from a cold beer So I'll try to do this quick and we try to make it entertaining. My name is Abdel. I'm a developer advocated Google I spent about my time doing infrastructure in data centers the last five years. I was actually in Professional services, which is the consulting parts will cloud and I did quite a lot of implementations around Google Cloud specifically Kubernetes containers and service mesh the talk with its very provocative title the idea here is to Give you my five or six listen learn in doing service mesh implementations. Hopefully some some of them will resonate with you I have to be clear that most of these things are actually Related to the service mesh tool I use which is issue which is one of the biggest and popular and the kind of first one to Come up with this idea of service mesh, but hopefully these learnings will be applicable to any other tool because Although most service mesh tools claim to be different They are pretty much implementing things the same way and architectures are very similar. I'm gonna touch at the end on the On the future. I don't know if you have heard of this, but we came up with something called ambient mesh It's a pretty new concept. So I'm gonna mention it briefly at the end But basically I'm gonna do a quick introduction. So for those who doesn't know what service mesh is Hopefully you will have a basic understanding.  So they started wrapping up one of things with EPIs and Then this concept of API gateways at some point showed up where basically you take a monolithic app You put an API gateway around it and you call it a modern application, which is not really that's modern and then As every developer ever said let's react everything from scratch and that's how microservices started So the whole concept of microservices is take a monolithic application you split it into small chunks each chunk does one specific thing And does it well it could be a business application. It could be a feature. It could be anything They are smaller. They are very easy to release. They are loosely coupled etc. etc Everybody knows all of these things. So I'm gonna skip through these basic concepts and this clicker is not doing well so I'm just gonna use the keyboard and Then containers showed up at some point with Docker while Docker really just democratize the concept of containers containers existed Linux for a very long time, but what containers did is they made microservices easier They are very easy. They're very immutable They avoid the problem if it works in machine in my machine because a container is Inherently an application its configuration and its dependencies all bundled in the same thing They're very easy to be impact you can just cramp as many containers as you want in a single node Etc. Etc.  How do you schedule them? How do you distribute them? How do you restart them monitor them? How do you persist data in case you need to write data somewhere? How do you do service discovery, which is how do you make one service find another without having to hardcode the IP address or FQD and whatever Etc. Etc. Etc. And that's what Kubernetes really was created to solve. So Kubernetes was released in 2014 It's a it's a basically effectively an abstraction layer on top of a bunch of machines or nodes or servers or laptops or Raspberry Pi doesn't matter It's meant or it's created to let you as a developer or as a user focus on the application and not on the infrastructure So you have a bunch of servers you deploy Kubernetes is an abstraction layer on top of them You talk to the Kubernetes cluster and the Kubernetes cluster does thing for you, right? I'm open source projects. Yeah, I think most people you know all of these things But I want to actually focus on this specific point here because a lot of times people kind of confuse Kubernetes That is only an abstraction layer Kubernetes is effectively two different things It is an abstraction layer with a control plane and data plane and nodes etc. Etc. Etc. And that's what people know it is but one of the most Powerful concepts of Kubernetes in my opinion is this concept of declarative controllers It's the idea that as a developer or as a user you don't tell the cluster what to do You express intent to the cluster in the form of a YAML file and Then somewhere in the cluster. There is a controller, which is a piece of code that will take that intense I want you to do this and Translate it into reality So let's say a very simple example would be you want to deploy a container in Kubernetes world We call that a pod you send your container manifest, which is the YAML file to the control plane The control plane will store that for you and then somewhere a controller is responsible for making that actual development Deployment happen so it will trigger and that's what we call the observed part So it will monitor what's the cluster tells it you should happen and what's actually happening right now So intent versus reality it will compare The cluster is telling me I should have a deployment or I should have a pod or a container There is no container right now and it will act on that so act is deploy the container and this control loop Concepts applies pretty much everywhere in Kubernetes if you have used Kubernetes before you know that basically you're right YAML file you submit it to the cluster as long as your YAML file is valid and doesn't have any errors Things magically happen behind the scene, right? So very high level architecture of Kubernetes. It's important to understand this for the remainder of the presentation You as a developer as a user you will use an EPI or a command line or a GUI or The combination of the three of them you talk to what we call a control plane control plane is either one or three nodes Or five or however you want to run Inside there are a bunch of components the main ones are the four you see on the screen The EPI server is the component to which you send your commands using the Qubectl command line or the GUI or whatever ATCD is a Distributed key value store. That's where the things you want the cluster to do will be stored So that's where YAML files are stored effectively Then the controllers is what I talked about They basically monitor ATCD through the EPI server and they act when there is something that needs to happen The scheduler does scheduling right it just finds a node to run your workload on the workload side or the worker node side Or the data plane side however you want to call it You have a bunch of components the major ones are the Q bled the Q proxy and the container runtime Very briefly the Q proxy does network programming It makes sure that the node is programmed properly such a way that containers can talk to each other That's what the Q proxy does. It's not an actual proxy by the way It doesn't sit on the data path when containers are talking to each other. They don't go through the Q proxy They just go through the node The Q bled its job is to a receive orders from the EPI server and be report the status of the node back to the EPI server Then the container runtime whether that's Docker container D Rocket whatever container runtime you have there will basically run the container for you now all of this is Actually kind of an indirect way of you doing a docker run when you do a docker run on your computer You are essentially talking to the docker demon which runs the container for you in a Kubernetes world You tell the EPI server that tells ATCD that tells the controller that tells the scheduler That tells the Q bled to run the docker run for you Right, it's very indirect way of running a container at the end of the day What happens is that some container runtime somewhere will fire up a container for you, right?  Um, I'm gonna skip this one But believe it or not Kubernetes doesn't solve all your problems Um, and I'm gonna take one simple example so let's say you have two services two applications two containers it doesn't matter and They talk to each other over HTTP or gRPC or whatever and then at some point a security person comes to you and says like we want to add MTLS So for you doesn't understand what MTLS is MTLS stands for mutual TLS It's essentially TLS where a client verifies the identity of the server But with MTLS the server also verifies the identity of a client, right? So in normal TLS, which is what happens between you and Google.com for example You as you as the client or as the browser you are connecting to a server The server sends you a certificate and your client which is the browser verify that certificates and make sure that the server is Who they say they are in an MTLS world? You as the client in this case service A when you make that TLS call to the server You are also sending your own certificates which allows the server to verify your identity. That's essentially what MTLS is, right? So let's say you want to add MTLS Very easily if you have two containers, you can just mount a bunch of certificates into service A Mount a bunch of certificates into service B use a library mount those certificates and use them to make the call Doing this at scale Could be complicated doing it for thousands of containers could be complicated because if you have certificates You have to issue them sign them verify them rotate them etc etc So At some point some people came up with this idea saying why don't we do a control plane that does search management for us Right, so why don't we have that functionality of certificates management done by a centralized place or centralized components? And we can also make that centralized components do a bunch of things like enforce policies that control control plane or controller or Points or thingy can tell the service on both sides Only accept calls from service A if they meet certain criteria criteria, so I'm going to talk about a specific example Or why don't we make that control plane also collect a bunch of telemetries or does some routing etc etc And you can think about any sorts of policies that you will want to enforce between micro services Can actually be done with a central control plane Timeouts you can you can make the control plane Tele-service to randomly time out every now and then or to do a retry or to implement a circuit braking or anything like that So for some time these functionalities have been implemented through proxy libraries those are dependencies that you can import in your code and Then you can make them do all these functionalities in policy enforcement certificate management etc etc The problem with proxy libraries and the code dependencies is that if you work in a big organization And you are using five or six programming languages You are effectively going to be using five or six proxy libraries That does exactly the same thing, but they're written in different programming languages So you have to maintain them and you have to patch them etc etc, right and this is Core to what a service mesh is the whole point of a service mesh is to say Why don't we decouple those network functionalities from the application and have them implemented by a proxy an actual Binary which acts as a proxy the proxy will sit in between all the applications Services will send their traffic to the proxy the proxy will implement all these traffic shaping traffic management policy enforcement features And then the proxies will talk to each other over a secure medium like MTS and That's essentially what a service mesh is or at least what the first iteration of is to us is to came up with this idea Where they introduced a control plane, which is just a pod. It's just a container that runs inside Kubernetes and Then they used Envoy, which is an open source C++ based proxy that have been developed by Lyft That Envoy actually is very cool because it has two main functionalities a it can be configured using EPI So you don't need configuration files and B it can hot reload this configuration So when you are introducing a new policy or a new change, you don't need to restart the proxy, right? It can hot reload its configuration while it's working if you are rotating a certificate, for example You don't necessarily want to restart your workloads, right? So the people who wrote Istio they implemented the existing EPI surface of of Envoy Made the control plane that can understand this EPI, right? And then made the EPI accessible through the Kubernetes EPI such a way that as a user you continue using the same concepts in Kubernetes you still write a YAML file send it to your Kubernetes cluster Then your Kubernetes cluster will hand it off to the control plane of Istio Which then will translate whatever configuration you say into something that the Envoy proxy understand and I'm gonna talk about specific example later In this example, so this is as I said the first iteration of Istio service mesh and the current iteration It's still the same architecture other tools uses different architectures It's always a control plane and the data plane using using proxies linker D use a different proxy They have their own control plane Silium does this with EBPF, which is the new service measures was released They instead of using the proxy they do some stuff on the node but pretty much more service measures have as concepts control plane and data plane, right and Again specifically to Istio, it does also have something called an ingress gateway Which is a specific proxy that is responsible for getting traffic from outside the service mesh into the service mesh and implemented policies So you can do GWT token validation You can remove TLS certificates before you route the traffic to inside etc etc, and they also have an Egress gateway, which is same components as the ingress gateway, but works on the way out So if your service measures trying to call an external endpoint You can force your traffic through the egress gateway and have the egress gateway implement certain policies and collect certain telemetry And do some routing etc etc right Now let's take a very specific example This is just again Istio specific but most service mesh have something like this. This is called traffic splitting So say I have a service B version 1 I'm introducing service B version 2 and I want to do a canary deployment I want to send 95% of my traffic to version a 5% to version B I have to use in in the Istio world. There are two objects you use one of them is called the virtual service It's essentially just says virtual be existing two versions version 1 version 2 and then the destination rule Which is an object that sorry the other way around destination rule this declares the the subsets and then the virtual service says 95% of traffic goes to version 1 5% of traffic goes to version 2 right This is just one example of traffic routing that Istio can do it can do more than this and By the way to be very precise the reason why these things are possible with the service mesh and the reason why we call it a service mesh is because Every single container every single instance of your application has an invoice running alongside it Right, that's what we call that a sidecar in Kubernetes But essentially there is as many containers invoice containers as many application containers and there is a one-to-one mapping between them Right, so when you do something like a canary deployments because all the traffic goes through the sidecars We are actually implementing a real 95 5% because the sidecar on the way out Will do will count 95 requests go into version 1 and then 5 requests go into version 2 right and Then in case you update that object and you say well now I'm confident my version 2 is good and I want to do 10% of traffic You just have to update these values send it to the cluster and then on the spot on the flights The traffic will be split according to the weights you have defined You can also do fault injection. These are just another example. You can say I am introducing a fault For a five second delay is on zero point five one percent of my traffic So every one percent of my traffic I want to have a five seconds delay on this service So I can see how the client reacts when there is a delay on the new version of service, right? And they can do timeouts you can do a bunch of interesting things These two have been created specifically to run on Kubernetes most service measures actually around Kubernetes Although sometimes they claim they can do VMs They do VMs, but they mostly are designed for Kubernetes Because it leverages a lot of these Kubernetes native ways of doing things the control plane is just a pod The proxy is just a container running inside the pod where your application is right and then your configuration Is a YAML file basically similar to how you deploy things in Kubernetes and how we define services, etc, etc And So in a nutshell a service mess gives you kind of four main benefits The ability to connect things together So the ability to connect services to each other and do service discovery out of the box The ability to secure traffic by introducing MTLS The ability to control the traffic by introducing traffic routing timeouts, etc, etc And then observing you can collect a bunch of telemetries and then store them somewhere And then observe them and see how the service mesh is reacting, right? Now what are the drawbacks? What are the the four main challenges that in my opinion service measures still have today? so One of them is capacity and resources a service mesh runs proxies with your application containers and those proxies have a Footprint they consume cp on memory and you have to keep that in mind, right? There is network latency whenever there is a proxy. There is network latency. There is no way around it There are certain challenges with how you design an architecture service mesh Such a way that it's kind of scalable from day one if you want and then once you have a service mesh tool deployed It will give you a bunch of data and telemetry and logs and in order to take advantage of those those information You will need to deploy extra things and that's what I call auxiliary infrastructure You need to deploy extra piece of software extra things in order to collect telemetry and store it and visualize it, etc I'm gonna walk through each of those separately I'm realizing I'm going fast. So we should try to slow down a little bit. So Capacity and resources I'm taking this is just a snapshot from the is to benchmark on the latest version every Almost every service mesh tool that exists Publishes some sort of benchmark you can look it up linker d have one Celium has one and they all because the tool that is used to do benchmark is an open source tool It's a service mesh tool that is that's all is an open source service mesh benchmarking tool That can actually use to run against pretty much all service measures so in the case of issue specifically if you have a service mesh with 70,000 requests and The 1000 services so if you have 1000 services basically 1000 containers you will have 2000 in total because 1000 application containers and then 1000 Invoiced card. So that's 2000 containers in total And at a thousand requests per second per service each proxy consumes 0.35 vCPU and 40 megabytes of memory now At a single service scale that doesn't sound like much, but at a thousand services scale That's almost 35 vCPU and about four terabytes of memory, right? So the resource footprint that the sidecars will consume is quite Significance and you have to keep that in mind both when you are designing because when you're running the cloud the cloud is not Unlimited and you have to do capacity planning and you have to make sure you have enough capacity to run your workloads and Also in terms of how much you're gonna spend on using a service mesh, right? So there is basically a cost to benefit analysis you have to do about how much am I gonna actually spend on running this versus the benefits I'm taking from it and just a side note About 80% this is a very rough number. I don't have the exact data But about 80% of projects I worked on where service mesh was introduced those introduced to do MTLS So customers go like oh this thing. I'll do MTLS. Let's use it So they basically install a thing or a service mesh that does a lot of Features they use its own offer MTLS and they end up spending quite a significant amount of resources on a single very simple feature, right? So that's something to have you have to keep in mind then is to be which is the control plane consumes 1 vCPU and 1.5 gigabytes of memory per Instance it does auto-scale because it's stateless so you can just have multiple replicas if you have a big service match So of course the more service mesh The more the bigger service mesh is the more your control plane is gonna the bigger your control plane is gonna be Latencies Again same thing with issue just numbers from issue I bet you can find numbers for other service mesh tools Between 1.7 and 2.7 milliseconds at 90 and 95 percent tile 90 and 99 percent tile traffic so Again, probably not that significant 1.7 milliseconds, but in some applications it have been In my opinion one of the most common use cases where latency was a problem was when you are deploying a tool That's that fires up containers very quickly. So I can take very simple example Argo is a known software that has multiple that look it's a community that have multiple pieces of software They have a CICD pipeline But they also have a data data transformation or data orchestration tool It just allows you to essentially deploy a data orchestrator that triggers on events do some transformation on data And then stores the results and die So essentially it's a control plane that just fires up containers to do specific things When we when we use that with issue sidecar the 1.7 and 2.7 milliseconds became a huge problem because suddenly an operation that takes 20 milliseconds takes 22 milliseconds or a container that only takes 60 seconds to run will take two minutes to run, right? Third one is design and architecture This is just a very simple complex example of you can't one of things actually one advantage of service mesh is that you can do A global service mesh so you can have multiple clusters in multiple zones and have one logical service mesh spanning across all of them and The reason why you want to do this for example is imagine you are the FIFA World Cup And you have your website where you sell tickets you might be able to deploy all the services in all the regions So that user latency is low, but at some point you want to take down one micro service So let's say this blue micro service in Japan. We want to take it down to replace it We can still instruct the service mesh to say if the local service micro service is not available route to the nearest one The problem with these kind of designs is that this is a one or nothing choice You have to decide day one if you want to do this because if you don't and you end up designing with single vision Expanding into multi region can be a problem, right and vice versa So if you start day one saying I want to do multi region and then a suddenly you say like I don't care I just want my data to be in Europe because you know We don't like the Americans that could be a problem, right? So so so basically the point here is that your design and architect the choice can be Difficult to make in the beginning because it's hard to change things going forward Different service meshes are trying to solve this problem in different ways, but they all have drawbacks So kind of a bad it's again a balance that you have to strike and the last but not least is this auxiliary infrastructure I talked about so it's your runs on Kubernetes. That's the main story But now you need to visualize your service mesh They have this tool called keali which is like a GUI that can allow you to visualize the service mesh and see which services talk to each Other that's a workload. You have to run that and you have to spend CP on memory in it And you have to maintain it and patch it etc You have Jager for tracing again software you have to install it maintain it blah blah You have promising some graphina for monitoring and for monitoring basically Install it maintain it etc So all these like extra pieces of infrastructure that you're going to deploy in order to take advantage of what the service mesh gives you Out of the box is things that you have to pay for maintain have people take care of it patch it etc So that's something you have to keep in mind So in a nutshell These are the why nots in my opinion So don't take a simplistic approach don't say we need security so this is a this this is coming from a very Typical conversation I was having when I was a consultant with customers. Can this thing the security? Yes. Can you do mtls? Yes Is mtls a pain to manage without service mesh? Yes, so let's use it right very simplistic approach without taking in consideration all the stuff I talked about Sometimes your service mesh is not compatible with your application the case of Argo CD I talked about earlier is one simple example where By the way if you are on Kubernetes You know that this is this common problem which haven't been solved yet in a Kubernetes environment If you have a pod with multiple containers, you cannot decide in which order they start you cannot orchestrate the order yet So one of the problems with a sidecar is that when you have an envoy when you have a sidecar the sidecar has to be ready and Operational before your application can actually make network calls So if you have an application that tries to resolve DNS as part of its bootstrap in because it's connecting to remote configuration server If the invo is not ready your application will not be able to talk to the network And it might just die and crash and restart and we have seen this happening before You have to have theoretical and practical knowledge Understanding how this thing work because when it breaks is very difficult to debug it will increase your technical depth That's for sure and it will increase your operational complexity. So these are the why not now What's the future holding for us? We have announced or Google if you have announced this thing called ambient mesh Ambient mesh is essentially what's trying to do is splitting service mesh functionalities into two layers and saying if you only want MTLS We can give you MTLS via a very simple overlay, which is just a very simple proxy. I'm gonna show how it works later Then if you want to optionally enable l7 processing features like traffic management like security extra traction draw Then it's an additional feature you have to turn on and that's that's trying to solve the problem of Istio being this thing where you only only you either use all of it or nothing, right? The way it will work. This is coming from the blog post that's announced service the ambient mesh by the way Is that they are splitting the functionality into two different proxies? There is a node level proxy. So this is a node. So there is a node level proxy called the Z tunnel It's a lightweight layer for proxy and what it does is only MTLS So it's connected its intercept traffic coming out of the containers And then it encrypts them into a MTLS tunnel and then send them to the other Z tunnel on the other end, right? Then if you want to enable l7, let's say you deploy a virtual service like I showed earlier Then there will be a namespace based proxy not a sidecar proxy anymore. So there will be a significant Decrease in the footprint for all the sidecars and that's proxy will be doing l7 functionalities for the namespace So all the containers in the namespace will share one proxy instead of each of one have its own sidecar proxy right And with that that concludes well I have a blog post that I wrote and it's goes a little bit more into details with very specific examples So feel free to check it out if you have if you are if you care and With that I'm gonna I think that's it for me Yeah, thank you very much Maybe you have I hope you have questions. I've saw some sleepy faces. Yes Just yeah, just wait for the microphone Yes, so great talk. I'm wondering what would you recommend for MTLS if not service meshes? So cilium solves that with the BPF today. It's quite new. I tried it. It works very well So that could be one option You don't want to do MTLS manually Right? The TLDR you don't want to do that's money And I think I have seen that search manager is trying to solve the same problem because search manager effectively distribute certificates And they were talking I don't think I don't know if it's preview or something But they were trying to solve the same problem, which is distribute certificates essentially to workloads Yeah, I went to the cilium talk today and is it mature enough? The ambient mesh I would assume no it was released back in cubecon Valencia in May So probably still not as mature even the ambient mesh that will be released by issue is still in preview So I would probably give it a year or a year and a half before it becomes mature and stable enough to be used in production Make sense Yeah, I guess it makes sense so we're stuck with service meshes still Yes. Yes. Yes, exactly. Good point Any other questions do you have any questions online? No. All right. Well, thank you very much. I hope it was not too long


Welcome to this video about Bluetooth Mesh. My name is Martin and today I'm going to show you how to build Bluetooth Mesh network with STM32WB. The goal of this video is to show basic principles of BLE Mesh and to show the way how it was implemented on WB. We are going to use these little bricks of knowledge to better understand what is going on during the hands-on. So let's now have a look at what tools we're going to use. It's going to be a nuclear pack which consists of two boards, WB nuclear and a so-called WB dongle. And we are also going to need one micro USB cable. The hands-ons are distributed only in a binary format but the source files and the source project is actually part of the official WB cube package. The slightly modified version of this project is also included in the materials for this video. On the PC side we will use STM32 cube programmer to flash the targets. We will display some debug messages in the terminal and this is to better understand the program flow. To set up the network we will also need a mobile phone and an application called STBLE Mesh. And this can be downloaded on App Store or Google Play. I hope you enjoyed this video.


Now we take a little leap. If a photon is actually a localized vibrating ripple in the quantized electromagnetic field, why not consider the electron to be a localized vibrating ripple in a quantized matter field? A field that permeates all the space in the universe. This is not as odd as it might look. In our first segment on the microscopic, we saw the wave properties of the electron. And in the second segment on the atom, we saw that its behavior is described by the Schrodinger wave equation. And in our third segment on elementary particles, we saw how electrons and positrons can be materialized at any point in space. What's happening is that the photon has disturbed the electron field to the point that it generates the kinds of waves that constitute electron particles. A convenient way to illustrate elementary particle interactions is to use Feynman diagrams invented by Richard Feynman in 1948. Straight lines are for fermions. Squiggly lines are for force particles, bosons. And the back arrow on a fermion indicates an antiparticle. This is what quantum field theory is all about. These fields generate particles. You can't have a particle without a field. And every field will have its particle. Elementary bosons, force particles, require force fields. Elementary fermions, matter particles, require matter fields. In modern physics, there is no such thing as empty space. Fields pervade space. They are a condition or property of space. You can't have space without fields.


Today, I'm going to be uncomfortably close to walking dead Austin Amilio. It's hang time, baby. It's not as easy as it looks. When the first person drops, the interview is over. We're about to hang from that goal post right... Is that Austin up there? Austin, what you doing? Hey! What you doing up here, man? Oh, be done. I've been watching you for, like, four hours, and from what I've seen, I'm not thoroughly impressed. Oh, Austin, you're going down. Yeah, no chance.  Is this what you do for a living? Just hang around all day. You think what Negan did to your face is bad? Wait till you hang with me. I've had a lot of cliff bars, some quinoa. Let's do this. The interview is over. Right. When you drop down. When you drop down. When you drop down. When you drop down from the... You got the right terms. When you drop down. There you go. Okay. Grip. Ready for this? Yeah. Three, two, one. And done. So can you tell us about the walking dead and your character, Dwight? Good guy, bad guy. He's on the fence. That's for the people to decide. I think he stands for some good things. I mean, everything he does has a reason behind it. If you were escaping a zombie apocalypse, what three things would you grab? Motorcycle, my son, and my lady. Oh, I like it. Your name is Dwight on the show. Yeah. You watch the office. Yeah. Dwight, your character, or Dwight Shrut? Who's better? Oh, Dwight Shrut. They're sure. No doubt. Okay, we hear you don't own a TV. Right. Do you think the government is spying on you? Oh, yeah, absolutely. Absolutely. Yeah. Chicks dig scars. Do you find it to be true with your character? No, I look super ugly. If you find $5 on the floor, do you act around or do you just pick it up? I pick it up. Look around. Anybody have $500? And then it's in the pocket. And you're scaring me right now. You look very calm. Woo! What's your weirdest fan interaction?  See, I'm just going to make him laugh and fall.  I did a... Yo, I'm going down. I did an audition right before the Linklater audition, right? And it was a Chuck E. Cheese audition. And we had to dance. And that was the day before the audition. I'm chilling, you know? My arms are going... The McDonald's sell hot dogs. Why? I don't know. Why is that? I always wonder that. Come on. Why should everybody watch Walking Dead this october? Because it's going to be the most insane season yet. It's crazy. It's just action packed the whole time. Have you ever seen e-liffle? Well, no, I don't think so. What's the longest you've ever gone without taking a shower? Probably the last week. Oh! I'm done. I'm done. How was it, man? I feel good, man. I'm pretty mad. Not going to lie, I tried. Struggle City there for you for a second. I can't. You know? I mean, Michael Jordan didn't win every playoff game. Man, whatever makes you feel better.  Totally. I think you're already famous, but...  Yeah. When you go home tonight, you remind yourself of the greats. Then you get back out there and you hang again tomorrow. I appreciate you consoling me on my loss, man. You make me feel much better. It's OK, bro. You win some and you lose some. But you live.


So we're here at the ITU in Geneva, and we're at a workshop organized by Study Group 11, looking at global approaches on how to combat counter-fitting and stolen ICT devices. Roussam, welcome, and thank you very much indeed for joining us here today. Thank you very much. Amazing event, amazing discussion. Thank you. And perhaps you could explain to our viewers, you know, what's the situation in Russia when it comes to counterfeit and stolen ICT devices? Oh, yeah. Unfortunately, the situation is not perfect, but we work hard to improve that. And in our opinion, the main challenges, the main issues related with counter-fitting is counterfeit medicines. It's a very social significant problem, because usually these counterfeit medicines are correspondingly directly to the most expensive medicines. And also, it's stolen phones. Today we use cash less. We have a lot of different electronic payment systems, and they are very convenient. And in that way, big pocket thieves mostly focus on mobile phones and ICT devices and ICT variables. So the third one is not certified or non-legal phones and also luxury goods. Last year, the percent of fake luxury goods is increasing. So evidently that we have to create a system to identify these items to make it universal system. But unfortunately, none of existing approaches not satisfy all the requirements and it cannot be used to identify any item. So in that way, we suggested a new solution based on use of different identifiers for specific object, but the same management level, management of data, management of that identifiers. That is our solution and we have implemented that in Russia and we have some very interesting results. And I think that this approach has very high potential. And more specifically, what kind of identifiers are we looking at and are they really effective in minimizing counterfeiting and theft in ICT devices? Yeah, that is the point. For mobile phones, we use IMA, MAC address, ID of software and anything other we can use related with hardware or software on this phone. If we're talking about goods, if we're talking about, for example, medicines, we can use NFC QR codes and we make a photo of the package and all that integrated data stored in a server and when you buy this item, you can check if it legal or not using that data from a server. So we have individual approach to every individual object, but the same management layer. So it seems like there are a variety of solutions out there and approaches. But more specifically, what kind of work should take place in Study Group 11 if we want to solve this issue, especially from the perspective of identifiers? In my opinion, this approach should be implemented worldwide. For that, we have to standardize approaches for data record, for management of the data worldwide and to determine the architecture. I think that's the main aims of standardization in that field and of course we have to increase the reliability of this data. And I think that approach using blockchain for that, suggested by our colleagues, it's a really good solution for that, I believe in it. Well, thank you, Rustam. I'd like to thank you for your time and wish you a successful workshop and continuation in Study Group 11. Thank you very much.


think it's time to move into our last time and this one we're gonna have to bring up quick some information for this so as we were getting topics ready for this Nintendo updated their online website actually second wise topic something last topic oh yeah no we'll talk about that that topic at the end so Nintendo updated their online their their their switch online website talking about their online services we learned a few things number one the most important thing that people well obviously features the most important but but people want to know what the things gonna cost right we now have pricing okay it's going to be 399 for one month 799 for three 1999 for a year mm-hmm so that's right in line with the pricing we were talking about way back when when they had that that thing come out of Japan where people speculated if that was gonna be the real pricing or not right 20 bucks for a year that's cheap yeah isn't that roughly what the other two cost oh 60 bucks oh right yeah what are you talking about they're like it's been a long time since I've purchased it's at xbox live yeah yeah oh yeah yeah I mean their monthly price is almost cheaper than that so yeah 20 bucks for a year yeah what are we talking about for a couple bucks a month baby yeah for an average there obviously you know it's more expensive if you only get the three months of the one month that that's just a typical well they want they want you to grab they want you to grab the year so cheap cheap cheap cheap cheap cheap which for some people will change expectations of what they're gonna get out of the sideline system for me personally I don't think it should change expectations at all I know that $20 price point or that this cheap price point should be because Nintendo needs to prove themselves right they can't come out and charge 15 bucks a month and have a crappy stuff so it's kind of one of the things like I don't expect less I think this is I think Nintendo needs to actually improve they know what they're doing yeah and at that price point it gives me confidence to at least invest in the first year to see if they know what they're doing so here's what here's what you kind of get with it for starters the online has been the paid online has been delayed to 2018 so for the entirety of this year whenever they decide to launch it all the stuff's gonna be free in 2017 basically the only thing that's gonna be really free is the online the app and the online I don't think they're gonna release the games and all that stuff before then but you do need to pay to get your online gameplay they did say that so sounds like it won't be optional for third-party or in dog games you have to pay to play it to play online which again that's that's basically that's that's the hook that's how Xbox live and PlayStation get you most the games you need to have a subscription to even play the game online for good voice chat right you can't play online matches without it yeah that's yeah and for that cheap I mean that's not that bad it sucks cuz Nintendo hasn't had it it feels like why would I pay to have what I got for free on Wii U but again understand it doesn't make any money everyone else does it at least they're cheaper I guess yeah definitely but obviously you're not just getting online gameplay I just like all of the subscription services there's more things there'll be the they call it specifically the online lobby and voice chat app gets we get your phone apparently you have to subscribe to even use it okay again this is the whole voice chats behind it to yeah basically anything online behind it the classic game selection this is what they talked about before where they were gonna offer like a game a month or so and they might offer like some multiplayer with it and then it might change it in the mother world they didn't release a lot of detail there's kind of hinted at concepts for it yeah so that that's the classic game selection that you have to pay to have that it could very interesting the classic game selection turned into the virtual console yeah if this includes a virtual console so subscription that price oh oh right oh baby I doubt it I'm good oh baby that we never know you never know the thing it does not need a lot of details here right and here's one that's interesting Nintendo e-shop deals so as I assume this means they're sales they've had them in the past on Wii U and 3ds sales and everything on they do they do mention that like this doesn't affect Wii U and 3ds at all so like if there's e-shop deals on Wii U and 3ds you don't have to pay for any of that like none none of this this is just for Nintendo switch yeah and I'm assuming all future Nintendo devices we're not like future 3ds devices like actual new hardware devices yes so yeah e-shop deals sales fire sales discounts blah blah blah and and the thing they know there are if you don't pay you do not get e-shop deals which means to me sorry if you don't pay you're not getting sales and e-shop oh you might get sales but you might not get the same sales as yeah maybe I don't know yeah you might get more sales as if you're a member or you get different better games that are on sale or maybe you get a five percent more discount or you just get no sales or you just get no sales I mean that is it I mean I mean again assumptions we I don't know people like money so like say like shovel that's a dude we want to win want to temporarily not for a game on the two box but we want to do it for everyone we don't want to just do it for your you know what you call thing we're not an online game we don't care about your online service is Nintendo really gonna say no right they might just say well you can just don't call the sale just reduce the price of your game and then raise it which looks really shady yeah for them so anyways we don't know again assumption we don't know enough to know what this means just some so there's gonna be some sort of deals exclusive maybe all deals are exclusive maybe not we don't know so based on this little bit of information did they do enough I think for their first endeavor yeah for online stuff definitely I think it's I would like to see again what the what the virtual console comes out ends up being but that's a guess I don't know whether it's included in this or not one thing for Xbox and Sony their subscription for their classic games is separate okay so it's like ten dollars in addition to your Xbox live right now I don't even know if you need Xbox live to even exit I think if you just pay the ten dollars you can just well and what the difference Xbox one of the PlayStation's all streaming you stream the games from like a server Xbox let you download the games truly cool and Xbox also gives you discounts like if you want to cancel your subscription but keep a game they give you a discount to keep the game right off the regular price which is kind of cool yes because if you're just subscribing and you just keep playing one game it might not be worth it to like keep your subscription going just play one game right definitely so I think they I didn't think I got the pricing right I think everything else I'm on hold I because like I don't view some of the things I don't really view as features like holding hostage online multiplayer gameplay behind the wall I've never viewed that as good when Xbox did that way back when the Xbox launch I hated it when PlayStation half done board I hated it and I'm gonna hate it now that Nintendo half done board because it's just it's an excuse to give us something that's always been free no it's not and they'll be like yeah but you'll also get all the social stuff yeah but if you don't care about any other stuff all you want to do is play your Mario Kart 8 online players between online player arms online player call of duty online all you want to do is play an online game I gotta pay money when I could go on my PC and play any online game I want without paying extra money that can already play Mario Kart 8 online yeah yeah you can actually already can yeah and we you yeah so it's kind of like I've never liked the idea of holding hostage I understand why they do it I I just don't agree with it I think if their online service was enticing enough on its own it shouldn't need that shouldn't need that specific thing held behind it you can hold the voice chat back if you want fine not just because I think the voice chat sucks just in general you want to hold that back because it costs you money to run run the voice servers and this and that fine fine whatever you can still offer the ability to play on the just get a better online experience if you service but yeah anyways this is a thing I have this isn't just Nintendo I have this issue in general yes people already have to pay for access to the internet in the first place for most people have to I know some people get a free but most people have to pay for access to internet in the first place and they got to pay for the equipment that lets them access it now I got to pay extra access to access the internet to access my game yes that uses the internet yes when on PC you just buy the game and you play right so yes score one for PC yeah well it's not true of all games like World Warcraft subscription fees that they exist but it's far and few between a lot of games to do that on PC so I don't like that I don't think that's a benefit that makes it worth it well for 20 bucks to be fair I don't even think the voice chat should really be behind it I don't think any of that is a premium thing that people should have to pay for there's so many ways to do for free elsewhere so I don't view that so I eliminate that from the equation I think for 20 bucks a year is a classic game at least one a month or more plus discounts essentially worth it discount wise I got to see what they are they're throwing off in like 5% off now and then it's not a big deal they offer like fire sales for limited time only you can get breath of the wild for 20 bucks okay right that's awesome that is yeah but you know I don't know what it is but to me the classic game I think is worth it just for the 20 bucks you think of all what virtual console games cost you know say you get 12 games and they decided to let you keep those 12 games after you play them not even for a discount just for free they I know before they were talking about that new possibly buying for a discount after that month well they let you just keep them and if you want to you have to purchase them to say to keep them multiplayer aspect they might add to it or whatever but they they hinted at before fine but if people don't care about that they just want to have the game if they just let you keep this the base game for free or I shouldn't say for free as long as you're subscribed then the $20 becomes worth it because now I'm not just trying 12 games I get to keep playing those 12 games and the library of that will just keep growing if it's like a game I'm so 20 bucks I get 12 games even classics that's a really sweet deal yeah that alone to me would be worth it then you throw on some sales on top great the rest of it I again I don't think people should have to pay for in the first place but they basically the game thing enough the pricing plus the game the free game stuff is enough for me to at least buy in your one right I will buy the 1999 oh yeah January 1st or whenever they touch it and then we'll see they have a then they'll have a year for me to prove that the game thing is better than it looks like and that it's worth paying for now obviously at the end of the day if I want to play online games I'm gonna get it anyways and that's the whole point of putting that behind the paywall yes because they're gonna force me to have to buy it anyways and I know that yeah but I still view that as a value proposition no that view that as holding something hostage and begrudgingly I'm gonna give you money to access it yes and thankfully that begrudgingly is a hell of a lot cheaper than everyone else yes if anything I'm hoping that this pricing range makes Xbox and Microsoft be like okay we can't charge 60 or we have to cut that down yeah right we have to cut that in half they're not going to no probably not but oh they got their fanboys they can charge 60 still oh god don't talk about fanboys so yeah I'm cool I'm okay with it for now again to me it's it's their first foray into it so the pricing the price to what you get this is good yeah like it's good for now just mainly because of the games and probably the discounts too but again it's one of those we need to see it again E3 that's the time to talk about this because it's supposed to be at least the app is supposed to be launching sometime this summer supposedly so I'm assuming alongside slow tune since maybe even before that maybe they'll launch it with arms and just arms just isn't a voice chat for some reason yeah but maybe you can organize lobbies and like play with your friends yeah


Good afternoon everybody and welcome to Unfiltered. Pastor David, welcome. How you doing John? Good. You know, Pastor the school year is just to begin and a lot of children are going back to school and some are faced with the decision or the choice of public school or homeschool and you look at our public schools today and I want to give a shout out to all the teachers that are there that are Christians that are in the front lines battling and trying to provide a good education for the children. So I want to thank them for that. Yet we see what the public schools are pushing today. Gender dysphoria, pronoun choices, more rights are given to the children and parental rights are taken away. The curriculum that's being taught that's including homosexuality, everything that we stand against as Christians, these public schools are providing, then you have the option of homeschool, which like here at our church we have a Christian homeschool program and where the curriculum is a biblical worldview.  What are some of the things that you would think about in choosing either a public school or homeschool? I think a lot has, there's a lot that goes into that decision when my son David was a little boy about to go into elementary school. We're talking on many years ago now. The homeschool movement was not really established. It was just beginning to some degree at that time. I mean at that time parents were being cited for not attending, having the children attend school. It was very difficult and it created a lot of problems. So we as concerned parents also taken into consideration the emotional maturity of my son at the age that he would have entered into kindergarten made the choice to keep him back at least that one year and to make the effort to begin his education under Marie, my wife who was, she's got her bachelor's degree and we felt that she could do a good job at least for acclimating him towards the idea of academic rigors and things of that nature and so on the one hand I think it's always going to be really up to the parents. I do believe that parents should have the right to make determination concerning the things that their children are about to be influenced by and the kinds of things that they're going to be taught. So we were aware even at that time of the difficulties that our kids would find by going to secular school. We know and knew then as we see now it's even more clear now that the secular ideology is rapidly inculcating the way that the young think and parents unfortunately for whatever reason have a tendency of believing what is spoken of as being the educated thoughtfulness of those who are determining what kinds of lessons and what kinds of philosophy and worldview should be given to the children but we know that if you take a child you can steal an entire nation by stealing a generation of children and we've known that for a long time. I used to warn our church and speak to our church about that. You need to be giving your kids devotions. You need to be spending time with them because if you don't teach them who Jesus is the world is going to teach them who he is not and that is what has taken place and so what we're seeing right now I think is just the not so much an acceleration John. I think it's just that the seeds that have been planted have grown and are producing fruit and many people are very surprised at it because they they think that they were taken unaware and have failed to realize that the society that they may have grown up in is not the society their children is growing up in. All you need to do is look at the different things that the kids watch whether it's even cartoons whether it's the music that they're they're listening to or the movies that are being put out the subtle subtle things that you have in in even harmless and maybe even a bit odd movies you know like Barbie and this and that you know there are all mess there are messages in that Disney has has produced now so many different narratives of the of the old stories and have changed it to try and modernize it so this is what they're dealing with so getting back to the question should should a child go to secular school it depends on the school it depends on on the school district it depends on the parents and and what their determination in terms of involvement may be with so many to you know to so many families that are a single parent it's very difficult for for we'll say the mom who's normally the one who's raising the child to be able to not only work to provide but also to be able to take the hours that is required for that child to be taught and so as a result you know we've seen the fragmentation and all and it becomes a very difficult decision to make how can a single working mother actually home school so she has to make the best choice she can I think I thank God for school districts like the one we have here that you know unified with Sonya Shaw and others who are willing to stand up and say you're not going to brainwash our children you're not going to own their minds you're not going to give them corrupt ideologies ideologies we're going to fight against this gen this gender dysphoria this this this current that is taken away the rights of the parents we're going to fight against it and so I commend Sonya Shaw and the others who have stood up in opposition but it's strong and it doesn't stop and that's where I think people fail to realize this isn't a one round fight this is this is a continual fight and so when it comes down to it many parents in our church has made have made a determination that they would take it upon themselves to make sure that their children are given a proper focused education so that they learn how to read and to write and do mathematics and social studies and things like that without the corrupt influence of those who who want to say a boy can be a girl and a girl can be a boy they need the traditional upbringing to know what traditional roles are so that they can have families that actually last and so it's a hard decision we here have made the decision to encourage people to if they desire to to participate in homeschooling but should they decide not to which the majority decide not to may they go to schools that are either private institutions or you know may the parents be heavily involved in the in their curricula of their children so that they can help those children to not be brainwashed with the nonsense of this world amen and if people who are watching may have questions about homeschool we do offer a homeschool here at our church you can call the church office and get more information on that but yeah it's a tough choice especially in a single parent family and and they're trying their best but yet we see what's out there in the in the corruption in so well but thank you pastor David we appreciate that thank you guys for tuning in do want to invite you to our Sunday morning services at 830 and 1045 as pastor you'll be taking us through axed chapter nine chapter oh that was a good study last week well yeah that's because you just constantly say that you want to keep your job i'm gonna get fired you guys so invite your friends and family to come out and join us and we'd love to see you again thank you for tuning in and god bless you