Thank you, David. Thank you for having me Let's see great moving up So in terms of scale I'll start with a familiar chart something I think we're perhaps numb to seeing this this kind of accelerating trajectory looking at the last hundred plus years of energy consumption and There are similar trajectories that we can find for global material extraction And another accelerating trajectory over that time period being population growth. These are all normalized to the most recent figures of 2010 from zero to a hundred percent in that time period so Growth is exciting in many ways It has costs it has limits obviously if we look at the ecological footprint in the last or since 61 to 2011 it it would appear to be somewhat flat. Of course, this is land area per capita a footprint equivalent But with a with a dramatically increasing population during that time period Of course, the biocopacity is dropping pretty significantly And we're familiar with with this overshoot that happened Somewhere in this time period as well as the this other interesting Fact or measurement, let's say has to do with the amount of remaining wilderness What what's considered wild lands wilderness in the world? Which is now at about a quarter of its original land area moving to the proportions of resource consumption I think we can see Pretty clearly the type of shift that happened with industrialization. And so normally we're used to seeing these parabolic types of trajectories related to your quantity here. We're looking at proportion obviously and We can see two very unequal phases of resource consumption between renewable Sources versus non-renewable obviously renewable this this phase goes back for millennia Where we were primarily using wood as a fuel source What's interesting is in the development rapid development as you can see and Shift towards non-renewable resources that we began to diversify So coal was clearly the what we might call the disruptive technology energy-wise compared with wood, but quickly our hunger continued to Be unsatisfied let's say and look at other sources of energy primarily fossil fuel based and We see we see some diversification also happening in materials So this is a more recent look the last few decades of materials. I think it's worth noting though that where In mid-century, we were we were sort of metal dominant and very interested in alloy technology little bit in polymers and Ceramics, etc. That now we can see with more and more advanced materials kind of evening of the playing field more diversification if you will of resource development Now looking forward this this is where things get pretty interesting. This is a projection obviously But there are a couple things to note here one is that this diversification is only predicted to increase and so Just remember we were primarily a wood based Society if you will for millennia shifted the fossil fuels, but now we have We're sort of looking everywhere and anywhere for the resources for the next for the future for Siebel future and Many of these are now Renewable so a couple of shifts here intensified diversification of sources But also a shift back towards renewable energy not necessarily just wood now, right? and So this this leads me to pose a question are we in the midst of a third phase based on these two Phenomenon and we we see something similar happening with materials as well and that can lead to some interesting results as Tom Gradle has pointed out as we Mind the periodic table We we can find ourselves in some interesting predicaments with Critical elements geopolitically insecure elements for example Do we really need to use and find Applications for every single element Rare earth elements, etc. This is a question That's not typically associated with the notion of embodied energy is is something like geopolitical and security but perhaps should be and Just thinking in terms of scale of embodiment also David mentioned this Earlier is that the average building over 50 years We have to think about the the amount of energy that goes into all of the adaptations and changes which is roughly three times the cost of the original building so from from one point of view, and I'm reiterating what David said the whole notion of embodied energy being defined as cradle to project opening day, let's say for for architecture is Is is severely limited and we think about Life-cycle and process And as Stuart Brand has reminded us thinking of the various layers That are constantly in flux in buildings that a building is always telling tearing itself apart so What does this mean for architecture? I'll share some Examples of projects that that I find to have some interesting approaches related to these various issues of Of an architecture which is looking to looking at more diverse resources looking at process more than final product So here's some questions Could architecture Began to engage not just embodiment disembodiment but questions of re-embodiment. This is already happening In projects like this which is celebrating to some extent the reuse of salvage building materials in new ways or adaptive reuse when I was a young student in architecture in early days greenfield sites in my experience were kind of the normal beginning to a project Brief, but I think increasingly we see based on the realities that adaptive reuse will actually become the norm these were some Brutalist towers that were reclad in Polycarbonate panels that slide That we won't just reuse or repurpose existing building materials, but remake them company like stone cycling that reconstitutes new forms of masonry out of pulverized demolished building materials That technology like 3d printing won't just produce prefabricated things but fabricated things on Site that we now are getting to the scale of Technology where we can actually print onsite using onsite materials Something like going off-grid is is quite well known now But it's interesting to follow the projects that showcase this technology especially with dramatic lighting effects but looking looking more deeply at off-grid capacity and Internal cradle-to-cradle operations such as this microbial home project looking at waste to food processes within buildings and Thinking about ecosystem services more deeply I find this project especially intriguing because of the way in which it uses architecture as a platform for ecosystem services To the extent we can we can consider vertical algae farming To be a kind of ecosystem service Generating biomass that's in harvested and that energy is used to fuel Or power the building or the extent to which we can think of architecture as an ecosystem I was just talking to one of our landscape architecture faculty members at Minnesota about the different viewpoints that we have for our projects Talked about how For a landscape architect your view is typically 50 years out that opening day on a project isn't nearly as meaningful as The day a few decades later once everything matures And the constant process that that's entailed and cultivating that landscape Whereas an architecture we have the unfortunate adage that Maybe not everyone believes but some believe that the building will never look as good as the day. It was photographed I think there's some reconciliation that can happen between these two views of our work and Not that all of our buildings will be grown from living trees like this project But I think a more process based Perspective is required in architecture today So if the second material epic is We could say defined by all these perspectives, right? We had unlimited resources We're not really thinking about anthropogenic effects and things are centralized buildings or products We really focus on first life energy uniformity greenfield sites virgin material resources, etc. I Think it's worth asking the question if our new paradigm is shaped by these things What is that? What does that suggest for architecture today and in the future? because in in The classroom today in the office today a lot of the conversations contain these types of points of view, right? That we have limited resources That our fingerprint on this planet is is measurable We're moving towards more of a distributed process based model where we focus on life cycle and The the the imperative to be even more inventive Has to do with the way that we can look at diverse diverse sources Use them adaptively and repurpose them creatively So thank you very much. I look forward to hearing the rest of the sessions so what I want to share with you today is my views on biology and particularly my interest in how you can use biology to create better products and better processes and Today, I'm going to be telling you a little about the work. We do it equivative which is using a living organism essentially to grow polymers And one of the reasons I'm interested in biology is because it allows you to add a serious amount of complexity to a material with relatively little energetic Cost and I think that's important because the more complexity you can add to materials the more functions You can get them to do and the more efficient they can be I Want to start by sharing a picture of my tractor with you today? This is a Fordson major and The reason I want to share this is because it has a heat engine in it and if you look at heat engines Over time they really demonstrate How adding complexity to materials can increase efficiency. So you start in the 1850 with a Steam engine you move through railroad engines you move into the Fordson power major, right? But if you look at a biological system like this cheetah You'll find out you actually have a higher power to weight ratio than any of those engines I showed you over the last hundred and fifty years of heat engine Development and that's because by a lot biology inherently produces complexity This cheetah was self-assembled molecule by molecule by the cells in its body and A cheetah actually has a power to weight ratio about double of a Ford Focus Now it's likely as we continue to improve on heat engine technology We're at the end of the S curve will probably get to cheetah level technology But you still have a system that's pretty elegant right in terms of its embodied energy It bootstrapped itself by eating smaller animals at the end of its life cycle. It's completely recyclable It actually becomes nutrients for the environment. It's based on and it has all these incredible Emergent properties because of the way it's built molecule by molecule So I'm really interested in not how do we copy biology in architecture, which is often in design is often referred to as my mimicry I'm very interested in how do you actually apply biology directly to our existing? products and processes to produce better things and I think it's one of the key enabling technologies along with actually Synthetic biology and GMO, so I'm I run an environmentally oriented company, but I'm pro GMO That's gonna allow us to sustain humanity on our planet for the coming centuries And so I'm gonna get a little technical here and show you yeast cells because The way we use yeast in biology today is actually pretty bad So the cheetah is beautiful right the cheetah has a function right? The way we use yeast today ignores the entire complexity the cell We essentially feed the sugar we collect ethanol right anyone ever brew beer at home anyone anyone do that Get a team audience. I guess I got one. All right, cool right, but That you do that you throw away the yeast right you throw away this beautiful cellular factory Right that that assembled this complex molecule and you collect the ethanol We do this when we turn corn into ethanol today as well for fuel, which is just totally crazy It's like that's the yeast drop-ins. It's like falling around the cheetah picking up the cheetah droppings and saying I'm really Optimizing the use of this cheetah Instead you should ask how can we turn this whole yeast cell into a material? How do we use the complexity of this living factory all this efficiency all this information that biology presents us to Create better products so at Ecavative we use a kind of filamentous yeast growing mycelium and The observation of the insight we've had an Ecavative is that this growing yeast which in nature essentially grows it It breaks down leaf matter. It breaks down wood matter Right and kind of recycles things in nature, but it also forms this tenacious polymer net network So we said well what if instead of trying to extract the polymer from mycelium? We just grew objects directly with mycelium and that insight has turned into saying well mycelium is really a resident It's like a programmable polymer So in our process We essentially combine mycelium which is this programmable polymer You can think of it as a yeast with a scaffolding material Which isn't sugar you know we target things like low-value ligno cellulosic waste streams That's like corn stover a wheat straw or or wood fiber and we mix them together It's a little like baking bread right we put them into a mold and then the complexity the organism starts figuring out What enzymes it needs to make right okay? I'm sitting next to a piece of wood fiber that means I need to break and make enzymes to break down the cellulose And I'm going to eat the cellulose I'm going to build another segment of my cell wall and as it does this it builds this polymer network So you can visualize this this is a time lapse of an actual part growing in our factory And you can see this is about four days accelerated how the material is actually transformed and The whole Complex becomes the final product in this case. It's a piece of packaging replacing some styrofoam packaging So instead of extracting something from the corn stover, right? Extracting something from the mercilium and then maybe using an extruder to put it back together The whole complex is being transformed and this is what biology does really well and By leveraging this both for disposable applications like packaging and in the built environment You can make materials with drastically better properties for the humans around them like lower emissions lower toxicity and drastically better economic efficiencies which mean they scale in our capitalist system We've created essentially three generations of this material now we've been working to commercialize them The first is this base composite you saw growing essentially a low density material We've used it for structural projects. It's home compostable It's sort of it's sort of meant to be a replacement for styrofoam and we're using it in that application the second thing we're working on is a Myco board which uses these same emergent properties where we grow a resin through a fibrous material but instead of Give letting that be its final form letting it be self-supporting We actually compress it under heat and pressure and take advantage of the chemistry So we're not anti chemistry you have sugars and other things have been synthesized if you press this under heat and pressure You get cross-linking so allows you to substitute for some of the nasties that are used in industry like urea from aldehyde You look at the cellular structure of mycelium Which is similar to yeast cell you basically have chitin and beta gluten blue cans which flow under heat and pressure So we've also used this to create beautiful objects And this is where I think design is really important to help pull some of these technologies into application So we helped create the gunlock saver chair about two years ago. We grew the chair back This was the first demonstration and it was one of the top ten green building products There's no formaldehyde emissions. It's got a low carbon footprint. It's got low embodied energy It's grown to shape and then it's set using the same presses that are an industry We've also grown and tested sip panels I think sip panels are a really beautiful form of construction even when they have styrofoam in them And when we grow a sip panel we're actually able to Glue ourselves to the sips through growth But what a lot of the stuff we do today is constrained by how we think about Buildings how we think about packaging today how we think about material goods So we have to create products that ultimately can be sold through the same distribution channels and Some of the things I'm most excited about though, or how do you use these? Biological processes to change the way we do things So one of my favorite projects I wanted to share here is that we actually grew a building in incubated And I actually I live off-grid at home, and I also grew a building and it works quite well This is something you really can't do because of building codes You know code code is very prescriptive So you're you're really funneled into certain ways of building right when we sell our insulation We dry it and we kill it and we get an ASTM tested to prove that it's dead But really our installation works better if it's sort of dehydrated and semi-alive That way if it gets wet it doesn't mold it reanimates and fights off the competitor, right? That's a better process But that's way outside the scope of how architects designers and especially the building inspector Expects materials to behave to make this Grown building though. We essentially took a structure this pine boards on the outside instead of putting studs down the walls We just filled it up with our growing material And you can work with this material. It looks sort of like wet sawdust, but it's inoculated with cells And you can fill it in these cavities and they actually glued the whole building together. We put this on a trailer Mostly for the building code reasons I mentioned That's what the car not a house sure you're familiar with the tiny house technology and how it relates to building code And we've taken it all over the place. We've subjected it to 80 mile winds by pulling it down the interstate to New York City And this was a big experiment, but it's worked out great. It's been outside of incubated for three years now It's a popular conference space in the summer and winter and these are the kind of innovations. I'm really excited about Just So, you know, I do eat my own dog food So this is our my solar shed And I did actually insulate it using our own material and that's worked out pretty well But I did use scraps from the office. So they weren't all consistent And I also I couldn't I couldn't come and present today without talking about some of the really cool projects Other folks have done David made this amazing structure, which is probably the largest micro It is the largest micro structure ever created 40 feet tall and used about 10,000 micro bricks And this is was such an amazing embodiment of what's possible using these sorts of materials And it was it was really cool and we're more ambitious than anything. We ever would have undertaken ourselves And I want to end with just sharing how this relates to industrial scale Because all this stuff is kind of cool, right sounds cool Looks cool, but if people don't use these products and processes It's it won't have the impact and so the other half of what we do at Ecovative is how do you insert biology? into existing industrial processes Such that you can actually upgrade capital assets that are already present because if you go out and say, okay We want to replace all the particle board plants in the United States with a healthier greener particle board here It's not going to happen. They've been there for 50 years. The capital assets are fully depreciated. No one's buying new capital So we're working at scale on making particle board by going into plants like this That basically combine wood fiber with your reformel to hide and really nasty glue gives off bad emissions And we're saying look we'll insert biology into the front of your plant Well instead of putting glue on your wood chips You'll put mycelium on your wood chips let it grow through your wood chips And you can use the same plant and equipment and these are the sorts of angles You have to take I think to really move the needle in terms of how we we make and produce things So, you know our vision is mycelium and some of these old captive assets And then I just I couldn't resist its Earth Day It's it's the morning. I wanted to put up some pictures some cute kids These are one of our scientists children Damon is actually in and just mentioned that if you're interested in this We actually provide what's called a grow it yourself version of this We're really interested in seeing what other people create using this platform And so, you know, it's it's Earth Day If you could think of a cool thing to make I highly recommend you get some of this material and come up with a cool product So grow it yourself. It's all I got. Thank you I'm happy to start because I've appreciated your work for for some time now and when I've when I've introduced a covative products and to students and other audiences in the past and especially architects And particularly when this was quite new, yeah, I used to ask architects or students Bound to be architects in practice what they would think about putting a fungus in their wall cavity Which I know it's not quite quite that but the whole but the whole notion of growing something Rather than kind of typical industrial process is always intrigued me and I'm I'm especially intrigued now By your grow grow your own building project because it I also wondered I Mean we have this really interesting heritage of sod building construction for example primarily in the in the Midwest and I was fascinated to it when I first learned about how sod buildings Work how they actually become stronger over time because you still have the root system of the of the grass that's so kind of growing through One sod module to the next and so I'm wondering if if in addition to kind of Resilient or regenerative capacity of Modules that are still alive if there's if there are other capacities too, maybe it's not just I mean I think that's fascinating right if the modules are Somewhat self-regenerative, but maybe maybe over time to actually change Yeah, I think that's I think that's the ultimate brand promise of biology is is the ability to have Living functions in bed in the products and I would say for us personally We're not there today, but that my dream would be to have a building with not just miscellaneous elation But other bio components that the change and adapt and I do think a component to that is gaining control over biological systems Everything I showed today was done with a native type organism, which is cool, right? It's non-gmo, but if we had even more control over that organism You could have your building synthesizing the the compounds it needs for What kind of facade you have that day, you know different facades for the summer in the winter, right? These are the things that that living organisms do that are that are so incredible and make them so versatile And so we're sort of on this curve of Substitution through bio complexity when it's dead, but I'm most interested I think the most potential for all biological innovations will come. How do you keep it alive? How do you make biological organisms into products or buildings, right? What I'm curious too if you could talk about some of your Run-ins with building code officials or you know some some of the or maybe working with traditional industries Yeah, there's been it's getting better. I would say definitely when we started with an insulation product And when we went and said we want to put fungus in your walls. That was that was not a good pitch So we evolve that and the the truth is you go through all your compliance testing and your code testing and You just have to figure out what that is and you meet spec and then people get get comfortable And that's totally rational. I mean you're building things most people are building them to last a long time Or they hope but it does mean you lose, you know You say if we're gonna kill this product at the end of its life because that way we know we'll have code compliance If you go through the ASTM mold test where you put something in a hundred percent humidity, you know It should grow mold right now if your anti mold strategy is to have the organism overgrow any mold That was in the chamber and seal it up. That's a fail Yeah, so that's that's kind of where you get I think code can be very restrictive and then you know Personally, I've living off-grid code. It's been very challenging because there's all sorts of regulations around how big your house should be You know, and so I would prefer to I think that Finding creative ways around those rules are important for innovations and actually what just in general I like the tiny house movement right There any questions from the Live, oh sure so Fantastic presentations both of you things the I think maybe in the context of understanding these broad energy issues right at this huge national scale, but then thinking of the context of shifting from non-living sort of but now Base materials to things that then have life cycles that actually embody the word life, right What does it mean when your material dies like this thing you're just talking about it's kind of maybe start to think right away Okay, so do you have to now design for when the culture dies because it gets attacked by a virus or something all of a sudden All these other ones you do fix the code problem. What is the future design challenge to really? Because maybe the mold wins right? How do you design for that part? That's a great question. I mean we have today we have buildings have huge self-support systems, right? They've got waste removal each generation heat removal electricity People who service the building and repair and I can imagine Biological support systems for system, you know for these sims as well With the benefit of you take care of that system you get something that potentially is self-repairing self-healing right Self-reactive to the environment, but I do think it opens up a whole other series of questions down that vein I mean, I think there's a tremendous opportunity This sounds like past tremendous opportunities for architecture. I mean this could easily run the Perhaps more predictable route of opening up new territory for biological consulting or environmental consulting on projects as a kind of ongoing Process and I think to the extent that architects want to be involved in that which I think they should be That's that's something that we should you know really look at any other questions. Yeah I'm curious to Think a little bit more about risk. I mean so Blaine you you brought up among other things this kind of idea that there are geopolitically insecure elements and I thought that was interesting because that's actually kind of non-biological more chemical Right about materials and you know what it's made of you know, and I think You know ebb and there's building codes all about risk I guess and you know, there's risk of mold There's risk of structural performance as you and I talked about before with our collaboration You know, and I think Michael Specter you are also Talking about risk in a way. I mean the the numerator denominator thing is really a question of risk so I'm curious if You guys or anyone has any Examples that you think are Kind of stories where risk was kind of properly considered Addressed and you know or arguments about risk that were somehow successful I mean and and maybe there are examples. I don't know these offhand but in the in the switch from like wood to You know fossil fuels that you talked about Blaine. I mean, I'm not sure if there are stories there about You know people arguing for the benefits of this new technology for burning things And maybe not properly understanding some of the risk But but I think I'm just interested if design could could start having risk as part of an intelligent discussion You know the way that we try to think we have intelligent discussions about Other other topics related to architecture, but are we properly discussing risks or are there good models for that or good examples of that? And that's a that's a great question I think I think we're already in a better time than we were a decade or two ago with regard to this question. I Mean I can just imagine in an architecture office Previously trying to suggest using This kind of my logical insulation in a building at a client meeting and just and just you know having management horrified and So I think the fact that it can become part of the conversation Is I think we should recognize that you know that that there's still a tremendous amount of risk and unknown Moving forward There's a lot of experimentation happening now But I think we should recognize the fact that the conversation is opened up and that the door is is open and that especially young architects and students have I Think a perspective that shape much more by asking questions Including those that pertain to risk that they might not have previously We were just talking about my first materials in methods class for example undergrad It was very I mean my perspective at that time was okay. How our buildings made. Let me just learn that And maybe looking at some innovative examples case studies, but but now there's there's I think the field is is pretty pretty open And it allows us to ask the informed questions about I mean do we do we really need To use the entire periodic table I mean life is based on relatively few elements used very wisely over and over in different combinations So but I think I don't know the full answer to your question, but I think that's Beginning I would just comment on you know, how we evaluate risk in general society is a really important topic and You heard some examples earlier about this and like human brains really bad at it Like we're so bad at it like handicapping risk and then making decisions around it and I would have two observations One I think we should become more risk tolerant in general. We're safer healthier live longer at less risk than we've ever been in all of time Whether it's transportation getting shot getting stabbed getting sick not having food not having shelter And yet people are more fearful than they've ever been about these things which which leads to regulation which Which leads to constraints and I think We are going to have a big shift in this this next epoch materials and One of the things that will help that shift occur is if we can somehow Increase the societal tolerance for risk and and part of that is cultural Part of that is a media narrative, right? You know, you only see bad things on the news every night, right? So you assume bad things are happening And part of that is really changing the regulatory process to allow experimentation whether it's in architecture and design Whether it's in the engineering of organisms whether it's in the construction of transportation devices and so I would say that really Teaching and even teaching like people that you don't understand risk. Well, isn't is an important part of that process And I also say on the elements that I think it is really look at lithium, right? That's a that's you know, the best technology we have for energy storage requires this kind of rare earth Mineral but if you look at a fat, right the fats are in your own body They've got the same energy days of density as diesel, right? Diesel's like the best thing to store energy on in the planet So there's a biological analog that's available if we could figure out how to make a rechargeable bio battery Like suddenly that that element isn't is important, but then there may be other trace elements you need for biology So it's always the balance is always shifting. Yeah, I mean, I think those are both really interesting answers and I just want to add one more thing that The the kind of technology of biology I think is interesting here and it you know, it's I think it's not a coincidence that You know in some ways all of the talks so far today have dealt with biology and some of the new potential in some way or another and You know, I didn't know about your new book Michael, but it seems fitting, you know that you're writing about that topic And some of my own thinking about risk is I mean one that maybe Something like climate change and the topic of embodied energy can can make us finally realize that like the default approach The do-nothing approach also has risks, right? I mean, so we need to do the calculus You know that the numerator and denominator, but also related to biology I've been thinking that just like you said Evan biology is so complex And that is a really, you know powerful and kind of mesmerizing possibility for us But it's also possible. I think that we would have to get familiar with Designing without fully understanding You know and designing with the kind of black box a so-called black box and could we get more familiar with that and more Comfortable with that it's its own kind of risk, but it's also just like a challenge to our way of thinking We may never know exactly what those cells are doing Inside, but if we can feed at the right inputs and get the desired output Maybe that's okay. Maybe that's a totally new approach to design in a way I think you must have to approach biology that way I mean that the smallest synthetic organism was just created right 500 and something genes and they still don't know I think 20% of them do you know and as an engineer works with biology drives kind of drives me bonkers But I think you're right like a design approach that says I don't fully understand the system and I accept it But if I if I if I put a and I get be out like with 90% repeatability is kind of like Gonna be a theme for a while and using biology as technology So I think these presentations were really unbelievably cool, but it seems to me that when you're Code Violations and in building inspect you should be thinking more in terms of institutional review boards. I think like they have I'm serious Which is something you do with biological experiments because when you build something that's alive There are as you say I mean you say it as a good thing and I think it's a good thing too But I think you'll find people on the other side complexity is pretty intense and it I mean this is I Think it would be very difficult for a traditional Approval matrix to figure out how to say this is a good thing to do for society. I Think that you're absolutely right the systems are not even analogous and I'm incompatible with doing something like this Yeah, I mean I want just one point to back to David's presentation is that we've been doing we've been managing a process like this for for you know before History existed which is cooking right? Food food management food processing and I think I think we can learn a lot from those types of methods and traditions and I mean obviously buildings are it's a whole other type of sphere, but I Think I think the questions have been asked and and people are starting to be interested And I think that I mean how we manage risk with food You know cooking processing distribution, etc. We don't always do a great job and they're equal I You know Disasters, etc. And so we but we may find that in buildings. There's there's more of that, but it's I think that's a risk That's worth taking Versus the kind of ultra safe look where ultra safety got us so to speak in the in built environments with sick-building syndrome right we created our own sort of Hermetic boxes for disease So I don't so I think you're right. I think the the the riskiest thing is not to do anything I That's that's a great question. I think part of the future of education has I mean you showed it showing kids doing the work I think going going to See your farm and facilities that I mean I think some kind of more immersive hands-on experience is really important We're Since you mentioned it. We're starting an interdisciplinary graduate group at the University of Minnesota with biologists As well as artists and we're starting to ask somebody's questions And We're very happy to to host David next week who's coming to be a speaker at that at a symposium called biologically motivated So we're not we're not really sure yet what that looks like, but we're trying to to create interdisciplinary Curricular pathways working directly with biologists and we and we're bringing them into the studio. So right now it's it's a little hard to measure the outcomes, but I think just just trying to Craft Trying to create a space for that conversation to happen is a good start for us And I would say practically you should just be as broadly knowledgeable as possible take as many courses possible and More specifically, I think we should be changing our education system to be teaching people how to think So often we teach different subjects which all have the same underlying rules. This is true in engineering This is true in biology and you just teach them as separate things And you give people all these facts and like some people just naturally derive the fact that the same sets of equations and rules Governing these different disciplines and they become like really good at moving things between disciplines And I think we could just teach people that up front and with the internet with the access to information like the importance of teaching Facts to people is really is really less critical in my opinion and I think more time Proth disciplinary bringing different disciplines together and really then just explaining like how to solve and think would be valuable two quick questions One when you have a Education in general It's a little scary Yeah, it's a little scary about you know, how you deal with that Because it becomes a very political issue is as we're seeing now particularly the second question is a little more specific Do you do you haven't seen? the the general trend from Prescriptive codes to more performance-based codes as being an optimistic thing particularly the IBC I Think I mean I immediately start to see the political question immediately start to think about the current political climate of course and To the extent that we can create More opportunity for the diff disenfranchised in terms of new modes of production and industrial or post-industrial Type of growth and we began to see some of the reward on the risk that we're taking. I mean that's obviously There's a kind of naive side to that and a positive side to that, but I think I think a lot of what we're seeing a Lot of the cynicism is based on or related to disenfranchisement and and feeling like there aren't opportunities So that would that's my first thought to respond to that, but you're right. It is it's very quite difficult to convince Certainly more conservative people when it comes to the built environment and how we do things I would on the code question. Let's say I think performance based code is definitely the way to go with targets and then Yeah, the political question is a really hard one because it gets to beliefs and you know people believe things and you should let them You know and my my personal philosophy around that is I'm I would hope that we can have a regulation around carbon and carbon emissions and I think at the same time it's the the duty of people who create things who the designers The inventors the technologists to simply create better technologies that will produce those outcomes as best as possible within the current system So philosophically, that's where I am on that point. I'd love to see everyone embrace that and have regulation Great. Well, thank you guys very much


If you're interested in this, I promise you that if you do the course, I used to be the worst procrastinator in the world, and I figured out why I procrastinate. Procrastination is a defensive mechanism, doesn't mean there's anything wrong with you. It's very, very fixable.  It is so easily solved if you're interested in solving it. A lot of the advice after is not good, I'll grant you that, but once you figure out the right approach, you can't go wrong with this. Hey guys, David here, and I have a question from a viewer, and this is on procrastination. And this person has big problems, or had big problems at least with procrastination, and they took my online video course, and they've had a follow up question. So it's really, their question is, there's a few parts to it, but one of the main things was, how do you overcome procrastination? Now that's obviously the question that's answered in the program. If you're interested in that, you can go to my website, drdavidmaloney.com, where I show you a systematic approach to completely eradicating the behavior of procrastination from your life. And what it involves, a part of it, is to become more mindful of how you talk to yourself. So it's to change the conversation that you're having with yourself. Now that is, what I've written up here is CBT versus mindfulness, because the question is, this person, they were already practicing meditation, and my course doesn't say an awful lot about meditation. It's really more of a CBT approach, cognitive behavioral therapy approach, which is basically changing your language, changing how you talk to yourself. And there is a lot about behavior as well in there, about the actual things that you do and things that you no longer do in terms of procrastination. Now this person was practicing mindfulness, and they were wondering, does mindfulness play an important part in overcoming procrastination, and if it does, how should I incorporate mindfulness with this cognitive behavioral approach? So for instance, do you meditate after you practice these CBT exercises, or do you do beforehand, or is it effective at all, is it important? Now what I would say about this is mindfulness is fantastic, and you can say meditation is fantastic, but what I would say is procrastination is a problem that happens because of misperceptions and myths we hold about ourselves and personal productivity. So there's an awful lot of challenging old beliefs that needs to take place, an old paradigm of what it means to be productive, what it means to be effective, what it means to be lazy. All these things have to be questioned, and we need to come up with a new perspective on personal productivity for ourselves, which is exactly what the course does on my website. So just simply meditating without actually having challenged any of those prior beliefs won't really do it. It will help you be more relaxed, which is fantastic. It has all sorts of benefits in fact, but what I want you to do, especially when you start doing this program, is to do what the program says, which is basically to keep practicing the cognitive behavioral therapy exercises. Doing them repetitively over and over again. Now what it is basically, and I'm going to get into a story here a little bit. This person has sort of examples of how they've changed their story using the CBT exercises. It's a process of inquiring about whether or not what I've said in the past is true and also setting an intention. This new story, you could call it, is basically an intention that you have for yourself, but we're going to get into that. Practically speaking, if you're talking about the exercises, the CBT stuff versus the mindfulness stuff, what I would say is if you're doing mindfulness, if you do meditation regularly, consistently, definitely continue to do that. Do not stop doing that. And I would say to practice that before you do the exercises. Because what mindfulness meditation can do is it can relax you, it can take you out of the pre-programmed sort of habitual way of thinking about things into a state of sort of less thought or less attachment to our thoughts, which makes us far more open to the experiences and the benefits that we'll get from doing these CBT exercises, which is inquiry about all beliefs and creating a new story, a new intention for yourself through a new narrative, a new story. So meditation first, I would say, there's no right and wrong way to do meditation, but if you're really looking to sort of hone your process and get the fastest possible results out of this, I would say do the meditations first and then do the exercises. Now, this person, and thank you for your question, it's obvious to me that this person is doing the work because they've sent me an email here and I'm not going to read it really, but it's their past story, how they used to talk to themselves in terms of personal productivity and what their new narrative looks like. Now, in the program, I basically coach people, I tell them to write your story, your current situation as it is right now. Don't try to show a quote, don't try to be positive, just to be brutally honest, be negative. If you feel negative, just be negative and write down what your current experience is and then what you do is you start to reverse that story. I have a template for an effective story for procrastinators on my website or on the course and you basically start to rehearse it. That's what I mean by intention. You're not trying, when you're rehearsing this new story, they're the opposite of the old story, if you like. It's sort of, you're not even trying to manifest or you know, that old thing about what you say comes true. It's not even that. It's you're reminding yourself of an intention of how you would like to feel on a day-to-day basis in terms of your projects, your goals and your personal productivity. That's what it is. It's a reminder of the goal of how I would like to feel. Would I like to feel overwhelmed all the time? Would I like to feel liberated emotionally, optimistic about my work and start to enjoy the process more? That's what our new story is. So we start to get in touch with how it will be possible to feel and what sort of thoughts would bring me in that direction emotionally. And if we do that often enough, habitually, you will find huge, huge changes will take place just in your motivation and more importantly, even in that, where his motivation comes from. It comes from self-care, relaxation, having fun in life. So the old story here is this person won't mind me saying it because it's the point of the old story that they had about their personal productivity. It's very, very negative. It says like, I don't have time for my main goals. That's just a story. That's what that is. Now, the opposite of that is I do have time for my main goals. I have loads of time for my main goals. So it's just a way of starting to flip things. Now, I would say the process of inquiry about the old story. It is very simple to do. You just flip it in the opposite direction. But there's a deeper level to this that if you're open to doing it over time, because this person talks about, should I change my story over time? Should I tweak it? I talk in the course about process of inquiry which is challenging, limiting beliefs as they come up. And what that involves is like I teach you how to do it on the course. It's a four-step process that will help you just get over negative emotions or beliefs that cause negative emotions when they come up, just by challenging it. That is really the most transformational thing of all, that technique of actually challenging a negative belief when it comes up and you're feeling the emotional charge that's coming from that negative belief. And then that can be incorporated into your story too. So the story that you'll create to begin with is your initial story, using a template on the program. But the story changes, the story changes, you can absolutely feel free to tweak it. As long as your editing of the story isn't actually stopping you from sitting down and actually just being with the new perspective, the new story to rehearse it, to actually get the benefits of it, to practice it, okay? So those are a few thoughts, great work by this person. If you're interested in this, I promise you that if you do the course, I used to be the worst procrastinator in the world, and I figured out why I procrastinate.  Doesn't mean there's anything wrong with you. It's very, very fixable. You don't have to live this cycle of guilt and procrastination.  It's so easily solved if you're interested in solving it. A lot of the advice after is not good, I'll grant you that. But once you figure out the right approach, you can't go wrong with this. It's very easily solved. So go to my website, check it out if you're interested. And I'll leave it there for the day, guys. Thanks for watching, and I'll talk to you soon, bye.


Pat Novak for hire.  You can't afford to pick it on It works out. All right, if you put your tongue in Hock Because down here you shouldn't talk. It's like installing a set of drums in a belfry You make some noise, but it's never the right kind. I Found that out a few days ago must have been Tuesday or Wednesday night. Anyway, I was sitting in the office reading Time magazine from the door open I Looked up and had to keep right ongoing because the guy was so tall He'd have to bend over to see through a transom and he had a voice deep enough to read out as a bassoon Good evening, mr. Novak. I'll take your word for it. You have a small office. I'm small time What's on your mind? My name is Leahy. I want to hire you. Yeah, sit down. Are you cold?  Oh I'm a priest mr. Novak. I'm sorry father. You got a slow brogue. What do you need a few hours of your time? I Want you to help a man escape from prison? Father you'll never get along with a bishop mr. Novak in a curious way. This is an errand of mercy. Well, this isn't my year for mercy I'm sorry father. Maybe you don't like to hear it that way, but if I got the right fee It wouldn't be mercy anymore when I say it's Sometimes tonight a man is going to break out of Alcatraz if he's allowed to get into town He may kill somebody you want me to stop him That's right And if he doesn't kill anybody he can still be shot down by the police Well, that's the percentage father if he comes off that rocky nose that stop worrying about him If you could bring him to me, I know I can talk him into going back tell headquarters. They'll do the same thing If I did that I'd break a promise This is the only thing I can do Will you help me? Yeah, I suppose How do I pick him up tread water in the Baidley comes by he's due in at pier 19 sometime tonight when he comes ashore bring him to me I'll be waiting at the ferry building. Well, suppose he doesn't want to come suppose. He wants to party How am I gonna get him there? I don't ask you how to say the beads you're any good You'll get him there, but you don't want him in sections. I want him all at once mr. Novak I wouldn't ask you this if it weren't important, but I gotta help him. He's one of my boys. Yeah, sure What's his name Joe Feldman Feldman yeah, if I don't worry about the spelling you don't have to either He's one of my boys slow down. Nobody's pushing your father. I don't know when he's due But I'll be at the ferry building from eight o'clock on. Yeah, I only got one worry Is there really a guy named father lehi? I suppose you'll have to take a chance on that. Yeah Well, it's a big chance you come in here with a story anybody can see through like a screen door And I'm supposed to buy it you could dig up a collar.  Novak Well whoever Joe Feldman was he had a good friend because when father lehi walked out of there I knew he was all right You could tell without even testing him the way when you pick up a pool cue, you know right away whether it's any good or not He stood at the door for a minute and he walked out You got a funny feeling that he didn't walk into the night that he was big enough to wrap it around his shoulders And take it with him. I Got a last look at him as he turned the corner under a street lamp He looked even taller now, and you know if somebody stood him in an oil field You couldn't tell him from the rest of the Derrick's Well, I made a couple of phone calls, and then I closed shop and went down to the end of pier 19 to wait The bay looked as dark as a bruised crow the fog was beginning to drift in over near the pier's By nine o'clock you couldn't see a thing you felt like a guy trying to shave in a bathroom full of steam. I Was about 30 feet from the end of the pier when a small boat pulled in and let somebody out I was sure it was my boy, so I moved behind a shed and waited The boat pulled away and the guy started down the dock. I Waited until he moved past me You ought to be glad how's the rock, huh You lonely mister. What do you care? You are by a beer and talk to the bartender. I'm busy. All right, you're tough Feldman Let's go now you got dates for us. You're gonna see Father Leahy. Come on. Are you doubling for Gabriel? Leave me alone mister. I don't want to go look junior if we draw straws you're gonna get the short one That's supposed to be a gun in your pocket you get a chance to find out that's what I'm gonna do cuz I have one too It starts to hit your stomach back down Now where's yours mr. Tim it? The bad night for bluffing, so goodbye. Yeah, come here You can let go easy then come on Now you want to start again no All right, I'll see you man Leahy I gotta make a stop first make it after we'll take five minutes Look mister if you want to do it the easy way. Let me make this stop you go with me all right five minutes And then you see Father Leahy suit yourself I doubt if I'll make Kevin, but if you want to run into parents, it's all right with me You need the credits you need the credits Joe Feldman wasn't very friendly he sat over in the corner of the cab and he didn't say a thing He just kept looking at me and waiting like a guy feeding arsenic to a rich aunt a Few minutes later the cab pulled up in front of a hotel on Geary Street, and we walked in One look at that lobby, and you got the idea The place was about as cozy as an abandoned mine shaft Over by the wall It was an old mohair couch and the legs on it were so warped pretty soon. It was gonna look like period furniture There were a few chairs and over by the stairs a faded calendar of a girl in tights holding a jar of mayonnaise and winking whenever that man And it was a broken clock over the desk But you know it was all right because nobody there cared about keeping track of time It was something you got rid of in a hurry like a bent quarter Oh, we went up to the second floor we walked down a long hall that smelled like an anti room to a sewer When Feldman knocked on the door she opened it right away The room was full of taboo She stood leaning there for a minute a sort of a girl who moves when she stands still She had blonde hair She was kind of pretty except you could see somebody had used her badly like a dictionary in a stupid family Felburn seemed to know her Hello, I am well the harvest hands arrive all at once. Yeah good for the crops, but tough on a woman come in Who's your friend a missionary? I guess he grabbed me down by the docks. Does he talk or just stand there looking healthy? He growls a little do you really growl? Come on hurry up lady your friends got a date. I'll bet you bite instead Don't worry about him. He can go over in a corner and play fifth wheel. Now. Look. He's got five minutes use them quick Yes, I came up with a message and the time's been changed stay around till 10 o'clock all right That all yeah, that's all You want the other four minutes? Let's go all right Open the door. Yeah, you didn't open it fast enough Feldman hit me I wobbled for a minute and went down like the price of winter wheat Fatherly he had any loose prayers lying around now was the time to crate him up and ship him over Because I wasn't gonna stay awake long enough to test the varnish. I Rolled on the floor a couple of times and then I took a rain check on the next couple of hours When I woke up it was like buying a new Nash and then finding out you can't drive Joe Feldman was lying next to me with his throat cut like a pound of rib roast His head was over to one side and his body was twisted over the other way as if he couldn't make up his mind Which direction to die in I? Got up and roll him on his back He was grinning like a Pullman porter at the end of the line and his mouth was half open as if he expected you Dropping a suggestion on your way by I Noticed right then how thin and small he was about as fat as a shadow and tall enough to scrape his head on a lampshade Well, there wasn't anything I could do but wish him luck So I called the check stand at the ferry building and had them page father lehi about two minutes later. He answered Hello, there's no back father.  I See what happened somebody didn't like him lots I wasn't around for the main event. No, I'm in some cave up on Geary Street. He wanted to come by here first Father who's Anne? I don't know this Feldman got a girlfriend. He's got two sisters I think one of them's named a tall blonde with lots of speed That's your definition, but it'll probably do as she was around for a while in case you ever want to check What are you going to do get on the back stairs and pretend? I never heard of Joe Feldman. I'm sorry, Mr. I'm sorry it worked out that way. So am I father if you liked him. I'm sorry He may have been a nice little guy. I could do without him, but if you like it I'll say he was a good little guy. I don't know we could start a picket fence with him Why because you've got the wrong man, Mr. No back if he's under six feet you've got the wrong man whoever you've got up there doesn't Joe Feldman He's happy about it now father It's the percentage Isn't Joe Feldman why that's the waterfront father if your name's Joe nobody you still can't do better than eight to five At least Joe Feldman was smart if you're gonna get your throat cut. It's a good time to send in a substitute As soon as father lay he hung up I knew hanging around that hotel was gonna be a waste of time like sending mash notes to a bearded lady If I couldn't prove the guy was alive They were gonna charge extra down at the desk and if Hellman down at homicide ever found out I brought the guy up here I'd have about as much chance as a bottle of scotch at a cocktail party So I picked up my hat and started for the door. I looked at him once more, but he wasn't gonna say goodbye So I started out Who? Hello, Helman expecting me no back. No, I'd have rolled him first Invite me in crash the party Helman. You'll be more at home. All right He sure looks lazy. Who is he supposed to be Joe Feldman, but Feldman let him do the hard work I must be good friends. You better check. I don't know the guy Here here's his wallet. Let me have it.  Give it here. All right No money in here. We're gonna drop the case My grilly Didn't you like you either? You're wearing out the rug Helman. I don't know the guy you brought him up I checked at the desk. Well check on who left then I brought him up here on a phony leave Why because I was hired to tow him around he liked the room so we dropped by and he cut himself shaven I wasn't around there was a girl here for the handshakes What kind of girl I don't know Helman. How many kinds are there a name was and she had a fast pulse That's all I know you must know more than that if you don't you'll never get a lawyer I won't need one you'll save money at least cuz you got a real hole this time Novak We get a phone tip and find you in the murder room.  In the meantime, I'll have your tail your men couldn't follow a moose through a revolving door And I look Helman. I'm gonna double back this guy's a phony lead I was supposed to meet a guy named Joe Feldman, but he never showed up. He didn't know I got a dead copper to prove He didn't your boy Joe Feldman killed a sergeant named grub at the Gold Rush Club Club a half hour ago Better start that walk Novak Well, there are two kind of raps you can't ever beat Cheating a woman with kids and killing a copper so I knew Joe Feldman could put in for reservations right away And I knew Helman had stayed with him like a February cold He'd stay with the whole thing and I'd have a real tough time explaining I couldn't explain it to myself What about the message up in that room? Why did the little guy tell Anne to stay until 10 o'clock? Why did he get off at Pier 19 instead of Joe Feldman once he got there? What was Feldman doing at the Gold Rush Club, and why did they spot him so fast? Well, it pointed to one thing a police tip-off, but that's as far as I could go On the way down I stopped at the desk and I asked the clerk to see the register He pushed it over toward me. It was a dirty brown thing that looked like an old tortilla. Somebody had left behind It didn't do any good. The registration was a phony Well, I had to do something in a hurry So I looked up the only honest guy I know an ex-doctor and a boozer by the name of Jaco Madigan He's a good man. He used to be a smart one too. I'm still he started chasing a jigger of beer with a glass of whiskey. I Finally found him in the Pied Piper room arguing with somebody about the words to Annie Laurie Patsy a drink for mr.  Yes, it's only a matter of willpower Patsy I'm probably the only man in the world who intends to carry a hangover into eternity will stop long enough to give me a hand Well, yeah, I'm in trouble. Of course you're in trouble You'll always be in trouble because you can't recognize it Patsy your fuzzy Jaco you have the social outlook of a bull with a hot foot and there's no hope for you because if From time to time a moral feeling does sweep over you you mistake it for influenza and go to bed All right. All right.  You're always in the middle Will you listen to me? It's because there's no variety in your life.  All right. Are you all through now Jaco? Yes, you sound angry. I think you have a bad disposition to what kind of trouble Well, I tried to help some guy at a prison tonight. You got drunk and thought you were the parole board No, I did it for a good guy a priest named Leahy Yes, the guy was already out and father Leahy was trying to hurt him back without getting shot But this guy Feldman didn't want to play another drink will clear this up for me.  I don't even know who he is Well, this is no time to start building a friendship anyway who is in the room some girl She may be Feldman's sister would she kill a man if she did he'd be crushed to death No, I'm sure somebody else came in that room. You better talk to Feldman He's a hard man to reach a sergeant almost made it tonight Feldman shot his way out of the Gold Rush Club That's one way to get out of a nightclub. Well, Helman steamed up. So you got to help me Jackal You'd better look up father Leahy. You'll probably be electrocuted and if you are he may have some drag I want you to go down to the Chronicle morgue and pull the clips on Joe Feldman Will you get everything you can and then hit the horse parlors find out what they know about him, huh? Maybe he's a heavy drinker. I'll check the bars. Jackal wake up and get on there If I don't pace helmet on this thing, I'll be a dead pigeon. What am I supposed to do? I don't know you might start cooing. Good night lover Well, as soon as I left Jocko, I went down to the Gold Rush Club on O'Farrell Street It was a little nightclub where they charge 80 cents for a drink of whiskey that a killer Redwood The floor show is just as bad and the headliner was an Oriental dancer whose only talent was a zipper. I Sat at the bar and I tried to pry some talk loose, but they liked the boss I finally got a hold of a fat waitress who should have been wearing a harness instead of slacks She told me a little The owner was a guy named Charlie Giffin. He used to make book with Joe Feldman She told me that Joe's sister worked at the Gold Rush Club for a while, but she got sick a few months ago and quit I asked the girl if tonight's shooting was a police plant She didn't know but she said that Feldman had been in to see Giffin tonight and on his way out He ran into trouble. I gave her five bucks and she looked hurt as if somebody had given her a plow for Christmas She showed me where Giffin's office was and I walked back there Giffin wasn't there, but the taboo was do you have the right door? Mr. Novak? You seem to be in all of them. Do you mind if I lean in the doorway? No, but I'll bet you need shoulder pads by this time Where's Charlie Giffin why I want to ask him about Joe Feldman ask me. I'm his sister I'll ask you about Mike Greeley. Who killed him. I don't know. Is he dead? Yeah, he couldn't stand the bleeding. He was all right when I left What were you doing up there? Waiting for Joe my sister and I were going to meet him up there Relax, Mr. Novak relax for me. No when people relax for you. They do it on the floor I was out long enough for homicide to catch up. They want me for Mike Greeley, but I'm gonna send him you or Joe You're forgetting my sister Norma should I for most things yes, but she was up in that room tonight after me I'll ask her ask her about the money too Well, you're out in front of me on that you see me better that way Joe had a lot of money on him tonight, but the police out he wouldn't carry it with him I know the money's gone. So's Norma. Do you know where it is?  I want to see Giffen. He won't be back tonight. I'll lean back That's it Betsy You really want that money I can split a motive Can you split at 90 10?  I won't need it.  I got some questions for you, too. Giffen. Well, I'll scum down the bore of this gun Over for the desk Novak. Did you lose that knife Giffen by the desk? That's it Where's the money Novak? I gave her the last where's the money Joe gave it to somebody Try the Red Cross, Mr.  Helman had nothing to show but his badge They had a drag net around the city for Joe Feldman and they lined up the record on the dead guy in the hotel He'd been a friend of Joe's before his trip to Alcatraz There wasn't much I could do if homicide couldn't find Joe. I couldn't find him So I looked up Norma Feldman in the phone book She had an apartment out on the avenues, but when I called there was no answer So I tagged by my apartment to see if Jaco had left a message I opened the door Norma was there and she had a gun to keep her company.  I don't know. Please. What's happened to him? Mr. Novak? Well, if he killed a cop, he's hiding out. I know he didn't mean to do that. Mr. Novak Joe's not that way Somebody told the police he was going to be there That's why I came up here to see you. Oh put down the gun.  You look big to that copper. Please Please find him Yeah Hello, this is Jaco.  Don't argue It's the best offer you've had what you find out Feldman has two sisters. I know they both go to pieces the gold rush club is owned by Charlie Giffin He owed Joe Feldman $2,000 and the horse people say Joe collected it tonight. It fits in Jaco everybody in towns after that dough They'll have to look some more. Hmm. I'm out on our well old Boulevard homicide Just Joe Feldman out of the gutter homicide finish second. He was a lucky guy. He didn't have the dough on him No, he stashed it somewhere Yeah How do we know he got it there Compact it's as he's getting too social A minute Jaco hung up things began to fall into place But I knew the last piece was gonna pinch somebody hard If the Feldman blood was gonna turn bad father Leahy was a good man to send in so I called him He was out, but I left word for him to get out to Norma Feldman's apartment Norma and I left and on the way we picked up Helman When we got out to her place and started up the stairs we could hear people moving above There's no point in trying to keep quiet because Helman was creeping up the stairs like a stallion with a broken leg Yeah, if you got a bomb touch it off too, huh? I'll open it Helman Hello, Novak, did you find the dough given you mean my stolen dough? Yeah, come on No, you and Anne better wait. This is Helman from homicide. We're leaving you better move Novak Not until you settle a murder rap. Can you pay it off that fast? I can do it on the way to the door Oh, wait a minute point the gun at Helman. He's official I can take you both so move away you two Norma and and I are leaving look Giffen Homicide gobbles up nightclub big shots like you nothing to me copper move away. You've got the hammer use it and come on through All right, I will You need a refill Giffen that's right darling hand him your gun and and you couldn't have done that you couldn't have taken I'm out.    Sorry about you Norma you get nothing out of this, but that's better than I got Goodbye Anne Lots of luck. Thank you darling.  I'm ashamed of you What you did to Joe? I'm ashamed leave me alone Norma. I'm sick. You know that I didn't know how it was gonna work out Oh Joe was trying to help you when you got greedy. He was trying to help you That's the only reason he came out and you let this happen. I told you I didn't know how it was gonna end I thought they'd get him and take him back again. There's no good in you and I couldn't find good in you anywhere You let that happen to Joe you stood by and watched him walk into something like that. All right I stood by what can we do about it now except weep and that won't help him, but hey That'll help Joe a little I'm here at least they hate you for the short time left please Give them told you to spend it fast.  Ask him out there what you've got they told You ask him what you've got ask him.  No, I'm a police.  Hello, mr. Novak Did you miss much father? Oh Feldman luck is running kind of bad tonight. It does for some people I guess All they get is unhappiness They were at the same way you'd wear a sports coat only they never seem to get a new one. I'm sorry about tonight, mr. Novak I'm sorry. It's not a smoother world. Yeah, but if it were you'd be out of a job father See you later If you get a bad first break you never run the table that's what happened to Joe Feldman Charlie Giffin owed him dough and wouldn't pay up But Joe didn't care until Norma showed up and told him how sick and was so He decided to collect from Giffin and divide the dough between the girls Father lay he couldn't stop him. All he could do was try and make it work out Joe was gonna get the dough and meet the girls in that hotel room But he changed his timetable and sent Mike Greeley up to tell the girls Giffin showed up there and figured that Mike had tumbled to a double cross. So he killed him and Engineered the double cross, but she didn't mean to go that far She wanted all the dough and tipped off Giffin He was supposed to turn the dough over to her and then have the police pick up Joe, but Joe got there early He took the dough away from Giffin and shot the copper on the way out Giffin followed Joe and killed him out on Arguello, but the dough was gone He finally tumbled to Norma's place and that's how her apartment filled up so fast Well Helman asked only one question. What did I get out of all this? Nothing father lay he offered me 50 bucks, but I didn't want it Jocko was with me and he offered to give it to charity I guess he did because we're Jocko spent at the drinks aren't worth money Pat Novak for hire was previously released by ABC the American Broadcasting Company for listeners in the United States and Re-broadcast for our men and women overseas This is the United States Armed Forces radio service the voice of information and education


Hi. Hi. Hi. Hi. Hi everyone. Hi. Hi. Hello. Hey guys. Hi. Hi. Hello everybody. Hi. Hi I'm Ben Simmons from Gaffer Animation here in London. My name is Julius Tomstop. I'm the producer for Studio Lomiku. It's Francesco City. I work at Blender Institute in Amsterdam. I'm Paula Campara from Ad Entertainment. This is Jonathan Williamson from CGCookie. I'm Nicolás Schmerking, manager of Autour du Minus Studio in Pigalle, Paris, France. Hi, I'm Sarah from Patas Studio, Costa Rica. I'm Jonathan Ball, and I run Puck Studio in the UK. Wes Burke from CGCookie.com, located here in the United States. I'm David Rovois, and I'm a French illustrator and painter. I'm Gérard Rosen, our executive producer for PitchiPoi Animation Productions, located in Tel Aviv, Israel. Shalom. This is James from Character Memo in Australia. My name is Ramdan. I'm the producer of Kamu Monster Studio. My name is Alvis Agheil. I'm Aditya, a technical director and open source guys in Kamu Monster Studio. I'm Aditya Nair, and we have Riverfire. We are one of the Gooseberry teams from India. I'm Paolo Vasquez, and I'm going to be a character designer at the Blender Institute in Amsterdam. Project Gooseberry is giving people all around the world the chance to be part of a full-length film. If you love film and animation like we do, the time is now to support Project Gooseberry. We believe that Gooseberry has the potential to be a historic film. Through this project, we really have the opportunity to put Blender to the test to put it in a real production environment. Everything's going to be open. We're going to be able to share everything we create, all the scripts that we use in production, all the assets, and we're going to be able to document that and share it on the Blender Cloud. We're going to make Blender more awesome. We will have improving render and animation tools. I'm on board to support full artistic open source workflow. My role in Project Gooseberry is going to be primarily on the modeling side, but also on the Blender UI side. I'm concerned in compositing render farm and crowd simulation. Besides that, I'm also going to kick the developers so we can have a fast cycle and render the best looking characters with awesome fur and small confier and whatnot. I love producing tutorials and making stuff that I've made available and for a lot of our work, we don't get the opportunity to do that. Gooseberry is an amazing chance for a smaller independent design studio to be part of the film industry and to create something special. It could change the industry forever and that's why it's so exciting. Make sure you join this project because we're going to make this more awesome for you. I think it's going to be a pretty great event to be involved in and I'm sure one that the industry will remember. Forever, forever, forever and ever. There will be some girls on the project. Nice. Awesome. Please, we can't make it without your help. Make sure you join this project because it's a fine project, an excellent project and we really want to do animation for a feature film. If you help us, you'll be part of it too. Gooseberry is your movie and we should make it happen. So please support us. Thank you.


Let every ghost signal remind you that you do go farther with signal gasoline The signal oil program The signal oil company and your neighborhood signal dealer bring you another curious story by the whistler tonight the doctor Operates in crime I know many strange tales Many secrets hidden in the hearts of men and women who have stepped into the shadows Presently, I'll tell you of nameless terrors of which they dare not speak the whistler will bring you his story in a moment But first for the benefit of those who missed the war production board's recent warning about the tire shortage I'll briefly repeat the facts Because of a predicted shortage of over a million bus and truck tires during the first quarter of 1945 WPB warns there may not be enough new passenger car tires for even B and C book drivers So regardless of what kind of ration book you have your best bet is to use your neighborhood signal gasoline dealer service For keeping your present tires in condition for recapping By inspecting your tires regularly, he can catch and repair small damages before they become serious and ruin the carcass Then when he finds the tread is worn to just the proper stage He can give you a recap job of top quality material packed with thousands of miles of additional wear for your necessary driving However, if you have a new tire certificate Signal dealer still have fresh new synthetic tires to help keep you rolling for the duration And now the whistler from the street. It looks innocent just a plain ordinary two-story dwelling There's a sign over the entrance way. It says dr. Julius J. Weber just that nothing more a Dark lean man his coat button tightly his hat brim pull low Turns into the entrance pauses a moment then pushes a button and opens the door This is doctor's office Sign just said ring and come in can I help you?  What did you want to see the doctor about? Me I want to see him about me your name, please Make it anything you like. I'm afraid I must have your real name Why perhaps you'd better see another doctor. Oh, no, dr. J. Weber's the guy I want. I'm sorry. No, don't get on your high horse Angelo's the name Anthony Angelo Anthony Angelo Tony to you. I don't quite know when the doctor All right, excuse me. I did not this is mr. Anthony Angelo doctor hi doc. How do you do? Have the eye any more appointments this afternoon. No, this is important doc Angelo Angelo Seems to me. I've heard the name before yeah, I've been getting lots of publicity especially lately That's why I want to see you Come inside Nurse bring along your book. Hey, this is confidential You were at liberty to take your business elsewhere Everybody's touchy around here. Okay. Okay. Let her come along. I mean you may sit here, please That's it Now who recommended me to you guy by the name of James so Friend of yours. I wouldn't say that maybe he did me a good turn perhaps you did some work for him, didn't you? Have you seen him lately? Not for five six months Then how did he manage to recommend me? Well, I wasn't personal grapevine gets around What would you like me to do for you? I Want the works how badly pretty bad I'm hot as a firecracker, and I don't think things will cool off this time You want the complete job of plastic surgery then you're the doctor or anything you say goes I'm glad we understand each other What kind of face would you like? Huh, you mean I could pick my own with certain limitations.   Well, what form my choppers don't show there are positive means of identification Identification Yeah, that's right Anything else? Yes, your fingerprints. I will remove them.  I have to be Will you get the camera nurse, please? Yes, doctor camera. What for I need various photographs of you for study before I operate I don't want it. I must insist. I never had a picture of me taken yet. You're going to have one now You're quite a one dr. Weber How much is all that's going to cost me we can come to terms on that I believe and where is this operation going to be performed in my Surgery you will spend about five weeks here in this house Nurse I have you the camera. Yes, would you mind mr. Angelo a few shots of your face, please then your hands torso feet Okay, okay, don't mind me. I'm only the patient This is a big job you've taken on yourself dr. Weber Tony Angelo is a big man in the underworld and what you were planning not only in aiding the forces of evil But of your payment therefore just might have repercussions and What is your fee dr. Weber? Five weeks have elapsed and Tony is ready to go forth into the world newborn So to speak and you haven't mentioned your fee yet better go easy Tony Angelo is hard. He's tough You think about that while you're unwrapping his bandages a faithful moment, isn't it Tony? I'll take that nurse. All right doctor. Thank you There you'll find that the slight scars will vanish in a short time. Let's have a mirror. Let's have a look here Here you are my nose My face my lips Hey, this ain't me You may go nurse. Yes, and look at my eyes.  It's worth whatever you ask. How much do I owe you? Sit down Tony over there in that chair facing me. Yeah, sure, okay My fee is $1,000 a month for the rest of your life. How much? $1,000 a month You're kidding levity is the furthest thought for my mind at the moment. I Can't pay that much. Yes, you can and you had better I was afraid of something like this Okay, I'm listening there's nothing to tell My fee is $1,000 a month for the rest of your life The completeness of my job works for me as well as for you I'm satisfied you're going to live for a long time How do you know I got that much money to pay on the line? You have you've been investigated. I know what each of my patients can pay There's a sweet racket. You have dr. Weber. I am bringing it to a very successful conclusion You are my last patient. I Am now assured of an income for the rest of my life, which will permit me to live in luxury You mean with my thousand you have enough. That's right And if you have any ideas of not paying forget them Smarter men than you are paying right now. Maybe they forget easier That's what I advise you to do to forget your entire past. I Suppose you know that you can get knocked off any time by whom Any one of your patients Maybe Huey James. How do you know James was a patient? I heard rumors. I wouldn't put much stock in rumors Furthermore Any idea you may have of inflicting injury on me you can discard If I am absent 12 consecutive hours without notification at certain places a Complete file of documentary evidence is presented at the office of the district attorney Very smooth Go ahead doc and if by the 10th day of each month your payment is not in this office Complete evidence on you is sent to the DA It sounds like blackmail call it whatever you wish I'm only ensuring your payment In case you're in doubt as to the extent of my evidence I'll enumerate the things which makes my insurance the best in the world I'm listening. I have a complete set of your former fingerprints and of the impressions made by your fingers now. I Have photographs of you before the operation and while you have been sitting in that chair 30-stick shots have been made through that aperture in the world directly behind me. Yes, right there So Tony Get rid of any idea that my plan is not foolproof. It is There is nothing you can do Nothing Smooth pretty smooth. It's better than that.  I'm through here now That's right. You can leave If anything bothers you come back, but please make it soon because I'll probably be taking a trip Okay, doc I'll be seeing you. Good luck. Tony Mr. Angelo, I got a new name sister sucker By the way, are you in with that guy's racket? Here's your wallet, mr. Angelo Will you let us know what name to use in place of Angelo?  I am the doctor's wife, mr. Angelo Goodbye, mr. Angelo Goodbye nurse for now You were listening to the whistler brought to you by your friend the signal oil company Marketers of famous signal gasoline your best buy today Remember to let every go signal remind you you do go farther with signal gasoline That's a neat little racket. Dr. Weber has isn't it Tony? He has you so tied up. You can't possibly wiggle out of it. Can you or? Maybe you can if you can just think up the right angle Maybe if you can track down some of the others and Compare notes then you may be able to pick up a clue find out something that the good doctor forgot They'll cooperate with you. They're in the same boat as you and two heads will be better than one So who'll it be first? Well, there's only one you even know about here. We James Yes, look up here. We James or the man who used to be here. We James Here we James haven't seen him James he hasn't been around here for months just a spirit against I Heard he got his face lifted and as far as I know ain't nobody seen him since don't even know what he looks like now He's the guy used to wear those English tweed suits and smoke those English cigarettes players wasn't that's right? You don't worry bought those cigarettes. I might be able to track them that way Why sure there's a gas door down the corner. Maybe he can tell you Yeah, now you're getting somewhere Angelo try the cigar store.  No, I yeah Well now wait a minute players Yeah here. I do have one pack left here in the drawer Max Not many people buy these huh? No, I Haven't keeping especially for one customer guess I'm about the only store in town that had one customer, huh? Yeah That one customer wouldn't be Huey James one. Oh, no, no, I haven't seen him for months I used to keep players especially for Huey then he disappeared But it was very funny a few weeks later. This other guy shows up and asked for them He's been coming back regular ever since. Oh, what's he look like? Oh, well now that you imagine it's something like Huey He wore those great tweed English made suits just like Huey And it's something of the same build but the face wasn't like Huey.  Oh the cigarette shortage, you know, I can't get players at all anymore He bought out all I had the last time and said he wouldn't be back until after the war and I get more Might need come in just for any kind of cigarette. I doubt it He said he came from clear across the town to get him. I see Okay, thanks Too bad Angelo just when it seemed you were getting on the track the trail and You found out that Huey now has red hair if the player smoker is Huey But where are you going to find one red haired man out of all those in this big city? You try everything you can think of but the trail leads nowhere and the date of your first payment to dr Weber is approaching fast. You've got to do something figure something out forget Huey figure something else out Figure something gotta figure it out If I plug the dock the evidence gets turned over to the cop wait a minute Who turns it over to them? That's right, Angelo now you're thinking again who does turn the evidence of your transformation over to the police If you can get to that guy get him and destroy the evidence You're worried they're over slowly a plan takes form in your mind. Could it work? Could it? Maybe and it's worth a chance. You can't just sit and pay a thousand a month all your life now Can you hello sister? What are you doing back here something wrong? Don't you feel well? I feel okay sister. I want to see the die But what about he's very busy. I know I know but he'll see me I Got something for him. Oh Yes, you're early with it. Aren't you that's good a lot better than being late, isn't it? Yeah? That's just what I figured see in there. Yes, you may go in okay Maybe you better come along you might want to take some more of them notes. Oh Very well Mr. Angelo, Mr. Angelo says he has something for you doctor You're very prompt aren't you?  You won't get a set out of me. Oh Yeah, because I found out who your trigger man is and where he kept the evidence That's right. You get it doc the evidence ain't there anymore.  I see you I don't believe you Angelo. You're well doc you will Now I'll be running along it's been very pleasant to make your acquaintance See you later sweetheart That's my trick Angelo by the look of your eyes By the look on their faces you figure you pulled it off too Now all you have to do is wait around across the street to see what happens If they take the bait one of them is sure to go see about that evidence and they'll lead you right to it and You don't have long to wait. It's only a few minutes before the doc comes out and hails a taxi You're in one right behind him and you tail him clear across town. You follow him into a swank looking apartment It's easy. He's an amateur at this game and you're an expert you take the stairs He takes the elevator and you're ahead of him all the way When he gets off at the fifth floor you're standing in the stairwell watching he knocks on a door and while you're both waiting You think how neatly your trick worked? He's led you right to the evidence then the door opens and you get a shock Yes, you get a shock because the man who opened the door to Weber wore a gray English tweed suit and had Red hair and you know without anyone telling you it was Huey James Your trick didn't work after all he didn't lead you to the evidence, but he did lead you to your fellow victim Huey James Now's your chance Angelo. You've got them together You've got Weber trapped there and with Huey's help you should be able to worm the truth out of him Go ahead Angelo go on in and start talking I see by your door plate. You're called mr. Peterson Whatever I'm called Becker. I want to talk with you. I'm busy now. All right. You needn't worry Huey. I'm okay My name's not you. Yes, it is. It's not Peterson any more than minds Becker. I Got something to say you'll want to hear Maybe dr. Weber won't maybe you better come in. Yeah, I thought you'd see it my way. Thanks Seems you two have met yes, we have So your information was a trick to try to get me to give away my information wasn't it then never mind about that You did me a favor.  You can't scare me now doc once Huey and I get working together We'll break up your racket. Okay. Hey, what is this? Do you mind let me in on what you're talking about? I'll tell you Huey you and I are in the same boat this guy's blackmailing us for our shirt his payment for the operations He gave us if we can get that evidence. He's got cash to waste somewhere and destroy it. We're free. He's got nothing on us We can't stop paying him his hush money I see what you mean You and me together, huh? That's it. We got him here right now. Let's make him talk make him tell us where that stuff is We got ways to make him talk, you know that Angelo I'm warning there. We are doc.  That's what you think and so do I drop it Angelo. Hey Huey You aren't sticking up for him. Listen.  I said why you yell a little bit stop it. Don't be a fool Oh Take it easy Angelo take it easy You got a couple of slugs where they do the most harm and there's Huey James lying over there And you can tell from here.  Here's the door get out. Hurry. Hurry. I'm here in the hall is still alive Not for long The other one's dead. Okay Here's the guy we caught running out of the building take your hands. Oh, what's your name? I'm Julius Weber I'm a doctor. I was just visiting here in the apartment, and I don't see why he He did it. Hey, wait a minute. What did you say man? He did it. I Was coming down the hall he ran out the door shooting. I Got in the way. That's not true. He's lying. He did it. I was just Innocent bystander. That's not true. I tell you he did it. He's Tony Angelo. He's the gangster Tony Angelo That's not Tony Angelo. I know Tony.  You're staring a murder up in the face. I I Know it's Tony Angelo because I performed the plastic surgery on him. You hear that mister. What have you got to say to that? He's lying. I tell you make him tell you the truth Too late now. He's dead, but No You don't believe him Surely put the cuffs on him Joe Take him down and book him for murder The whistler will return in just a moment with a strange ending of tonight's story Meantime, let's consider for a moment the very important subject of how many miles you're getting for ration gallon of the gasoline You're using Perhaps you're among the 98% of drivers who don't know the answer to that question Then here's a point well worth remembering For years more and more Western drivers who keep close track of their gasoline mileage have been switching to signal the famous Go farther gasoline And what's more important the switch to signal has actually increased since gas rationing and here's why Although certain gasoline ingredients have gone to war signal standards of quality still guarantee you the very finest gasoline that can be made today and Signal still places the emphasis on mileage Naturally, no company today can promise you the same performance you found in pre-war gasoline And we can only hint at the brilliantly improved signal gasoline. You'll be able to buy after victory is won But what you're interested in today is getting the most possible miles from every ration coupon and For that job, you'll find signal go farther gasoline your best buy today Now back to the whistler Well, Angelo and Huey James both dead and the doctor booked for murder Funny thing the police never did believe that he was telling the truth or maybe they didn't care too much especially after they found all the evidence enough evidence to send the doctor up for a good many years for performing illegal operations So Angelo did do a pretty good job of Fixing the doctor the funny part of it was something he never knew that his trick had worked perfectly Yes, the doctor had taken the bait because the police found the doctor's evidence in Huey James apartment It seems Huey was really the brains behind the racket after he'd had his face remodeled by dr Weber he'd Persuaded the doctor that they could run a nice racket with Huey taking the lion's share of it You see blackmail works both ways Huey has as much on the doctor as the doctor had on him was very neat until Angelo came along The moral of the story is of course that a doctor who operates in crime may expect to run his practice into the ground six feet into the ground Next Monday at 9 o'clock the signal oil program will bring you another strange tale by the whistler The signal oil program is broadcast for your entertainment by the signal oil company marketers of signals famous go farther gasoline and motor oil and By your neighborhood signal oil dealer who is at your service daily to keep your car running for the duration The signal oil program produced and directed by George W. Allen with story by Selig Lester and Mervyn Gerard and music by Wilbur Hatch is Transmitted to our troops overseas by the armed forces radio service Bob Anderson speaking for your friend the signal oil company and suggesting once again that you let every go signal Remind you that you do go farther with signal gasoline This is CBS the Columbia Broadcasting System