Okay, terrific. Thank you, Johannes. Okay, our next speaker is Joel Johnson from UT Austin and he's going to be talking about using tsunami sediment transport experiments to improve heliohydraulic inverse models. All right. Okay. I can certainly hear myself. I'm sure you can hear me too. So I think that I'm going to be talking about something a little different. First of all, it's physical experiments. It's physical tsunami models. But you know, depending on that point of the challenges of sediment transport, I think was a nice segue. The other thing is that when Robert Weiss ended his talk this morning, you know, it was talking about field data, but really about the needs and the challenges of, you know, getting the high quality data on sediments. And what I heard him describing the whole time was flume experiments. So this is what, you know, basically, you know, the set of experiments that I'm going to talk about, I think, can in a sense do for you. This is work that I've done with a variety of people. Katie Delbeck did a master's project, collecting the data and doing some of the analysis.  I will say that most of what I'm talking about is published in a couple of papers that you see here. Now, motivation is to be able to take sediment deposits and of course do the inverse problem. That's where I'm coming at this from. To basically, you know, see how well we can predict the flow depth and velocity, for example. I put both tsunamis and storm surges on there because at least the models, and it's a particular advection settling model that I'm going to be talking about, you know, the model is simple enough that it really doesn't distinguish in terms of its inner physics between tsunamis and storm surges. So, you know, that right then and there, the fact that they're both there kind of say there's still work to be done to refine and improve our understanding. And doing this, you know, the benefit is to improve risk estimates for coastal areas because we're talking about extreme events that happen rarely. Most people are familiar with that idea. Now, there's a variety of papers. This is certainly not complete, but taking sediment deposits and quantitatively trying to infer the way of characteristics done in a variety of different ways. Certainly what I'm talking about is relevant to, I would say, all of these. And the big challenge is with field data. The big challenge with field data, while field data is great, is that you're chronically under-constrained and especially for the extreme events, both the rarity and just the difficulty to impossibility of making the measurements that you really want. And because of that, it's really hard to actually validate your models. You want to validate them independently of the, you know, exact events that you're trying to study. And flume experiments can let you do that.  So basically, from these flume experiments, we're going to compare to one example of an advection settling model to look at both the accuracy and uncertainty of that model because uncertainties are critically important here. And, you know, finally, a lot of what I'll talk about is, is not model validation or anything like that, but is just understanding and still incomplete understanding of the transport physics of suspended sediments in these experiments. In particular, you know, we'll be looking at grain size distributions along the flume and what controls them. And, you know, kind of a, you know, simple way to state the results are that, proximally, so over short transport distances, it's all about the source grain size distribution. That controls what the deposit is. As you go farther away, as you transport inland, farther in the case of a tsunami, your sediment deposits increasingly reflect the flow characteristics that we're trying to get out. So there is a spatial change from source to, to flow, I think. And I'm also going to focus on dispersion, which was left out of some models. And, you know, I believe from these experiments that dispersion caused by turbulence is fundamentally important and needs to be included in models where it's not. So what were the experiments? They were done in an outdoor flume at UT Austin. It's a, you know, 32 meter long flume downstream of the lift gate. So there's a computer-controlled lift gate where we can basically instantaneously release about six cubic meters of water at the upstream end of the flume. And it, it then, you know, moves down the flume as a bore, you see there. And the first thing it hits is a source dune of sediment. So basically the flow entrains sediment from that location. This would be like a, you know, barrier island coastal dune, basically a, you know, idealized localized source of sediment for the, for the experiment. Yet, you know, the sediment is entrained into the flow as the bore moves down the flume. And at the end of these experiments, you know, there is a, there is a barrier perforated to reduce return waves. But basically water gets to the end. Some sediment certainly goes out of the flume. And, you know, then the sediment settles, finishes settling, I should say, and the flume slowly drains. I'm going to present results from six experiments. All of the sediment was sand between about 100 to 900 microns.  Some used a somewhat coarser grain size distribution within that range. And we also varied the ponded water depth. So, basically, you know, five of the six experiments started with ponded water.  We collected data along the flume in terms of, you know, flow depths, and of course how they changed with time. ADVs measured the flow velocities and turbulence within the flow. And then afterwards we measured the thickness and grain size distribution of the deposited sediment along the flume. And this, hopefully, is what it looks like. So, this is real time. So, it's an I plus. Now it's going again. This will go by pretty fast. So, that's a bore. We give it about 20 seconds. And we have a tsunami experiment. You can see right now some billows of suspended sediment in that flow as well. I'm going to go back one thing, but I'll just grab this. It's handy to actually look at this, you know, the wave actually coming in. You can see that there's actually, you know, a lot of aerated water at the beginning, but because of the ponded water, it takes a little bit of time, you know, again, fractions of seconds, but for the flow velocities to pick up near the bottom. And, you know, again, a little bit more time, but for a lot of the suspended sediment really comes into this. So, these are overlapping data from four different experiments that used basically the same initial ponded water depth and other characteristics were the same. They really show that the flows are pretty reproducible. You know, we get velocities that overlap for these. You can see turbulence in there. Higher velocities at first gradually decrease.  We can calculate fruit numbers and the fruit numbers were, you know, around one for most of the experiments. Other, under some slightly different conditions here, we had fruit numbers a little lower, a little higher, but that's the, that's the range that the flow, that. Let's start looking at the sediment deposits. So, here we're looking at the upstream end and moving along the flume. So, flume so proximal to distal. And, you know, again, there is an initial source dune at the upstream end, which was actually a fair bit deeper than four centimeters. It was about, you know, 10, 12 centimeters deep at the, at the upstream end. I think that's right, that initial number. In any case, that, the deposits for the six different experiments looked fairly consistent. You can see that there's, you know, a, a thicker part, you know, two to four centimeters in the upstream roughly third of the flume. And then you get measurable deposits, but fairly thin, you know, measured in the, the several millimeter range at the downstream distal two thirds. And we can take these flow conditions and calculate a shear velocity and then look at bed load velocities that you can predict from that using a relation from Raleigh-Martin, what I'm using here. And basically, in these different experiments run under some different conditions, you actually predict different distances that bed load should transport over the, over the duration of the, of the flow in the flume. So these errors that I've drawn on here aren't just eyeballed to the data, they're actually independent calculations based on the shear velocity and the characteristics of the flow. And so, you know, where we basically see this thicker pile of sediment to the upstream end corresponds quite nicely to the distance that you would expect bed load to transport and be transported along the flume. And so we're interpreting this upstream coarser part as bed load transport. You can also think of it as just kind of shearing of the, shearing of that initial source dune smearing out in that way. That said, there's also entrainment going on from the source dune and probably from here as well. And so this upstream deposit I think is really caused by a combination of bed load transport and deposition and suspended load deposition. Whereas we interpret the distal thin part as dominantly suspended load on deposition. So let's look at what the deposit, grain size distributions look like. This axis is transport distance, so moving down the flume. The green is actually thickness again for this one particular deposit.  So we have d50, the median size. It's relatively, you know, flat over the bed load zone. And then you see a decrease in grain size along the flume. And basically you see that pattern for both finer and coarser grain size per centile. At this point, let me step back and say, you know, are these flumes realistic? Do they actually apply to natural systems? Well, here's a comparison to some field data from a 2006 event.  But for the different grain size percentiles here, you know, we get reasonably consistent trends. So, you know, at least that makes me feel good about the grain size trends that we see. Of course, we've looked at, you know, a formal number scaling. And I think of these experiments as, you know, one-tenth to 100th scale models of natural events. And so if you use those scaling factors, you basically would say these experiments are representative of, you know, flow depths during a tsunami of three to 30 meters. You can see velocities. The durations probably are a little short compared to some field cases. But, you know, one to four minutes of corresponding time. But I think that the scaling is good for the flow. It's also good for suspended sediment. So, we can calculate Rouse numbers that indicate that the whole range of sediment sizes we're using is at least suspendable. Some of it still moves as bed load, but it is suspendable sizes. What's now compared to a model? Well, more at all, and then John Woodruff at all, you know, with some modifications, presented an advection settling model. And the key here is that the combination of the grain size and the depth of velocity control how far grains move down, you know, downstream in the case of the flume or inland. And then basically we can infer the depth of velocity. A fundamental variable in the model is called the advection length scale. You calculate it from the average velocity, the average flow depth, and the average settling velocity. So basically the advection length scale is how far you'd expect a grain to be transported along the flume if it started from the surface and settled down. I noted this a little different than is often used to say that it's a still water settling velocity or really an average settling velocity. I'll come back to that later, but turbulence will give you a distribution of settling velocities in reality. That's not in this model. Really, the model is both of these equations, just crude number and that advection length scale. Now, an important assumption is that that distance that grains are transported by the flow corresponds to that advection length scale. They're not the same one as a measured distance from the flume. One tells you about the flow depth of velocity and settling. Basically, from these equations, we have two equations to unknowns. We assume a crude number or in the case of these experiments calculate it and go from there. The one other thing that we need to do is take deposits along the flume and pick a representative grain size with which to calculate a settling velocity to then go into the model. In this initial model, the way that that was done was the fairly reasonable assumption was made that the coarsest grain at a given location, let's say this grain, is the representative, is going to be most representative for the flow characteristics. The idea is that for grain of a given size, the ones starting out highest in the flow, get transported the farthest and that basically those grains are going to be at a given location, the coarsest ones in the deposit. So these are some model results. Again, the initial model was assumed to work for D95, or size fraction, and these diamonds are the D95 size along the flume. The green line is a fit to those data. You can see that it fits part of the data quite nicely, but it predicts a flow depth that's almost double, but was actually the experimental flow depth. Here you see a calculation based on the experimental flow depth, and that actually matches the distal portion, the suspended portion of the flume quite nicely, again, when using the D50 grain size. Now upstream you can see that the models don't really fit the data, and you can also see that the models are predicting a grain size, and the predictions of the grain size of the models are really a lot larger than and quickly get to be larger than the actual grain sizes that were used. And so the short of it is that upstream data not matching the model is a source grain size distribution effect. There just aren't the grains there that would settle fast enough to meet the assumption. Now another thing that we can do here is basically go along the flume, so they get upstream downstream, and figure out what grain size percentile, what percentile within the deposits best predicts the experimental flow conditions, the depth and velocity, and it varies for some experiments, and particularly these two, at the end of the flume you're still at a relatively high percentile, D80, and these were the experiments that used a finer grain size distribution as a source. Down here you can see several experiments that used coarser grain size distributions, and those are met more by intermediate grain size percentiles around D50. Now there were different advection length scales for those different sources, basically because the finer grains settle more slowly, that gives a longer advection length scale there. And so comparing the results at the same distance along the flume isn't necessarily ideal. So basically I'm going to do a non-dimensional transport distance, normalizing the actual transport distance by the source advection length scale, and that does give a not perfect, not terrible collapse of the data, so this would be a non-dimensional transport distance. And so basically, you know, interpretation here is that you have to be greater than an advection length scale for your deposits to really be sensitive to the actual flow conditions, and upstream you're basically much more representing the source grain size. We can predict uncertainties for the different grain sizes from this. It's perhaps a little confusing, but basically for different grain size percentiles I calculated since 95% confidence intervals based on these six experiments. And so, you know, for an intermediate percentile, you know, a value of 0.5 here would say that we're predicting within plus or minus 50% the flow doubts, and actually predicting velocities a little bit better. So we can look at uncertainties compared to the model with these data. You also see in the middle, you know, you can pick a broad range of grain size percentiles and not have that much change in general answer. So I am gonna have a little bit more to say, well, why is the D50 or an intermediate grain size better? And as I've hinted and said, I think it basically is coming down to turbulence. And so, you know, the turbulent velocity fluctuations mean that it's not just whether particles start higher or low in the flow. It's whether they, you know, happen to be dispersed farther or due to dispersion transport a shorter distance along the. And so, you know, the assumption that the transport distance matches the convection length scale is basically going to be true for the average blood transport distance of the grains, but not for the part influenced by dispersion. And the thing is that it's actually the tails of the distribution, say, of transport distances. So it's tails that represent the dispersion. And so basically, the grains of a given size class that go far this down the slope represent the ones that happened within spurs farther down the stream.  But, you know, basically, your finer grains at a given location, you know, the smaller percentiles are going to represent, you know, the grains that happened to disperse shorter distances or courses for the farther distances.  I'm going to zoom through these quickly. But conceptually, we can look at advection length scales versus the actual transport distance along the flume.  And again, if you take the same axes, but now think in terms of at a given location along the flume, what is the grain size distribution made up of these different sizes going to look at? Basically, the finer percentiles are going to, you know, your advection length scale will increase faster than your measured transport distance and vice versa for coarser grains. Well, we can actually, you know, test, test relations like this based on the flume experiments, because again, we know, you know, we actually, because it's an experiment, independently know UH, we calculate the settling velocity, and we know the grain sizes, we know the transport distance. And so, you know, for the 50, and we find these are just two example experiments, we find that, yes, in fact, the measured transport distance is a good predictor of the advection length scales. And that we also have the expected trends that dispersion should give you for both coarser and finer grain size classes. So, I am wrapping up. Honestly, didn't get as far with this as I wanted, because it's a work in progress. But the next step that I'm doing with a variety of people who have contributed in different ways is, you know, putting together a simple particle tracking model, basically where we can put in a grain size distribution, put in synthetic turbulence or, you know, real-time series of turbulence, and look at how grains get transported and dispersed down a flume and make deposits. And I'm really excited about this, because I have interpretations about dispersion, also about why resuspension and such should be relatively unimportant in these experiments, but they are interpretations. And so with a particle tracking model that makes deposits, I'm planning on testing the sensitivity to resuspension and various other factors. So, to conclude, I am honestly surprised that more work hasn't been done using flume experiments to do tsunamis, storm surges, rapidly changing flows, because the scaling actually works out quite well. And I do think of this as a benchmark data set that I hope that people will use, please do. I'm happy that Peng and Weiss have used it for some of their model validation. And, you know, another thing is just some models oversimplify the physics. We all kind of know that, but leaving dispersion out was kind of a simplification too far, I think, for some inversion models that have been picked up and used, basically because they weren't progressively tested ahead of time based on flume experiments, for example. And then a couple of details specific to these. Thank you very much. Thank you, Joel. Are there a couple of questions? I'm just curious, are you assuming basically that the different particle size classes don't interact with each other and treating them? So, your answer is yes, absolutely. The Infection Settling Model assumes that in what I've done with this, I am assuming that as well. I certainly appreciate that that isn't necessarily true. And, you know, smaller grains can damp turbulence, larger grains can enhance turbulence. I would say that the understanding of applying that to deposits like this isn't yet at that level of the underlying physics. Yeah, yeah. So, I think that you can find many papers when you go looking for this that make the comments that we don't understand entrainment into suspension really well, and that it's hard to predict. And so, I didn't show them. There's actually some hints in these data that the entrainment into suspension is grain size dependent even for these sands. That is the opposite of what my intuition would say. I'm not totally sure it's true. We're way above the thresholds of motion for these grains. I would think that they were just being trained independently of size. There's some trends in the grain size data that suggest otherwise what research is all about. So, figuring out new questions. As you know, many traditional sediment transport study, they try to quantify the amount of bed load and suspended load using the full parameter, which I think is the ratio of settling velocity versus shear velocity. So, I think one intuitive intuition regarding the scale effect is that in the real field situation, your shear velocity, bottom shear velocity. So, you may not even have that much. I wonder what is your Yeah. So, thank you for saying that. So, the Rouse number that I briefly showed up


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But let's let's double check because the whole the whole strategy here This is this was our first video right the intro video. Yeah as we start to run videos every week Which is where I I really want you to be doing I really want you to be doing is running one every week and some some weeks You won't have to run a new one like some weeks You'll be capturing leads from that one ad so you wouldn't need to launch the new one right away But but ideally you want to get in the habit of of weekly because here's what's going on as we start to run These ads we're also creating audiences creating audiences around those who watch it so I'm pretty sure with this first one. We set up a 25 percent meaning This audience are people who watched this video for at least 25 percent of the whatever time length it was But in this case right here, it's 2,500 watched at least 15 seconds That might be a good audience to to go off of Is is fifth is is 15 seconds So let's click on the dots in the top left and so as we just run more ads weekly ads This is the first thing you'll always want to do is is create the audience if it's a video you'll go to audiences So so let's say we just rent. We just set up that ad right now. That's a an ad that's scheduled to go out tomorrow The very first thing we want to do right away right after we complete setting up that ad is We come over here to audiences and we create a custom audience And you'll do it right away You can do it whenever but but you'll always want to do it right away do it before the ad goes live tomorrow You know so so in this one on this and with this one. I'm pretty sure we set up. Yeah, we set up 25 percent so The higher you go up in percentage the lower or the smaller the group The smaller the group right so 2,500 people watched it for at least that was the through play 2,500 people watched it for at least 15 seconds that means that a little less Would have watched it for 25 percent Because 25 percent would be more than 15 seconds Does that make sense? So the higher you go up in percentage The smaller that audience will be which is not necessarily a bad thing. I'm just saying it'd be smaller So if we have 2,500 that watched it for 15 seconds It's safe to assume that maybe Maybe 1,500 Watched it for 25 percent. Maybe a thousand What and in this case it actually shows below 1,000 So maybe below 1,000 actually watched it for 25 percent and and so I like the percentage to be a little higher like I like 15 seconds like especially if it was a Especially if it was a two minute video If it was a two minute video and these people only watched it for 15 seconds That might not be the audience. I want to retarget Versus versus maybe a 25 percent audience. Okay, let's say it's only 900 people 2,500 people watched it for 15 seconds, but 900 people actually watched 25 percent of it And 25 percent of two minutes that would be that would have been way more than 15 seconds That's why I kind of go. That's why I'd rather take a smaller audience of 25 percenters than the 2,500 of 15 seconds You know, I mean because this audience they watched they watched it much longer So that's someone who I for sure want to get back in front of But again, I mean 2,500 people that is a good amount of people that watched it for at least 15 seconds I mean and sometimes you want to put yourself in the consumer shoes like you be you're a consumer I'm a consumer when we when we see random videos online whether it's instagram facebook whatever youtube whatever And we sit there and watch it for 15 seconds Right, what do you think? I mean do you get something out of it? Could you get something out of something in 15 seconds? We could I mean 15 seconds. That's a good amount of time wasn't it's not three seconds. It's 15 seconds so Depending on what it is that could be that could be a good amount And this is this is good for you to know as well in the future as you start to put out more videos Those first 15 seconds is kind of the most important Because if I can get someone's attention in those first 15 seconds And if I'm going to build an audience around 15 seconds Then at least I know that those people knew what the hell I was talking about because I got to the I got to the to the to the main bullet point in the first 15 seconds And that's what you want to do. That's actually that's something that you want to do from this point on You want to at least Hint in the first 15 seconds what that video is going to be about Okay, rather than sometimes when we make videos we kind and I I'm I'm guilty of it I do it all the damn time on my youtube channel. I rant like crazy on my damn youtube videos I should be getting to the point much much quicker um, and and so based on this metric it's 15 seconds, so Let's get to the point And the video can go as long as you want you can go one minute two minute three minute whatever but in the first 15 seconds Let it be known what the hell that video is going to be on Okay Because if I just come over here and create an audience around 15 seconds at least at least that'd be a good audience like so That would be and so let's just do it. Let's let's create an audience around 15th We'll do the intro video. We can leave that one, but let's do another one as well Just for the just for the fun of it. Let's just do another create audience. Click the blue button create audience And so again in the future. You'll always want to do this right away We just set the video to go scheduled to to schedule to go live tomorrow. Okay, cool Now let's come over here custom audience. So we're gonna click on that one And which again the habit of doing this every time um around the video so we'll click on video and then um We'll simply choose the drop down so you'll click on next and then you'll just hit the drop down over here on the next page and then Let's go so right here again. It just shows us everything. So so what through play is 15 seconds So 2,500 people watch that one for at least 15 seconds So again, if if if I would have really Throughout some bullet points in those first 15 seconds, which maybe you did maybe you didn't I didn't I didn't even really watch the whole thing Maybe you did maybe you didn't but but in the future If I can at least throw out the bullet points And the main point of that video in the first 15 seconds That would be a good audience to go off of because you're gonna have more people watch it for less more people watched Even more than 2,500 watched it for three seconds More than 2,500 even watched it for 10 seconds 2,500 people watched it for 15 seconds. Maybe 1,700 people watched 25 percent Maybe maybe maybe 300 people watched 75 percent Right, so it just goes lower and lower and lower But it's either it's either 15 seconds or 25 percent On on what you want to be building around Okay, okay, so uncheck the 25 percent and just do Do the 15 seconds And then and then choose videos in the top right click on choose video and then just go to the to the find that intro one Actually, yes, perfect right there. Okay, cool. So confirm And now you have a custom audience around And see that's weird because it said 6,500 Watched it actually 6,500 watched Watched at least at least three actually go back to real quick hit edit videos Click on edit videos Over here. It said actually. Yes. See so look 25 watched it for 15 seconds 6,500 watched it for three seconds Right. So yeah, so that's that's the count So when you see a view count on a video just something random on any page I don't matter where and you see a video and it says the view count the view count is based off of three seconds That's okay. That's what creates the actual view count for the public to see and that's what 6,500 so if you go to that video on your business page right now, it should reflect that same number 6,500 But again when we go and create audiences to want to retarget that audience Three seconds not exactly an audience I want to spend money on to retarget because if you sat there and watch three seconds, you probably didn't even get my damn name Right, you know, so so you were just browsing and just randomly Click play, but then you moved on right away. So it's like I don't even want to get back in front of you um But a 15 second if again, I got points across in those first 15 seconds Then maybe I'll just build an audience around around those Um around 15 seconds so 15 second 25 percent just go off of those two so hit confirm and we're we're good with this one Okay, so so again as you go set up the next ad This is just the habit we'll get in so x out of this one Okay, actually know what I'm so sorry name the audience. I'm so sorry. We didn't we didn't even complete it I'm so sorry go back Custom audience and let's just do it real quick again hit video What we had to do was was give it a name So um hit the drop down 15 seconds and then just choose that video Okay, cool And then um, yeah confirm and then and then you'll you'll give the the audience a name So scroll down audience name and it could be the same intro video and then in parentheses just put 15 seconds Or or or through play could be it could be through play or 15 seconds. Yeah, perfect Create audience and so now you have Now you have those two different audiences To just start building from so hit done And then and then you're good. So now now it just comes down to okay. So now here's what's going to happen now That's video. That's video create click on create audience again And then go to um custom audience So next next the next step is really to get our hands on a seller guide or a buyer guide And it's it's one or the other focus on one Okay, that's really the next step But once we have that done then we have to get some type of online software Because now we need landing pages. We need an email automation and we need an online calendar so Most of the software is out there run about a hundred bucks a month, but I always tell people you only need it if you're really going to be consistent with facebook ads Like because you you have to run it to a landing page once you capture that lead That lead has to be emailed that seller guide right away and you're not going to physically email it yourself And that lead also needs to be nurtured. So there needs to be a handful of emails that are already preset ready to automatically drip on them And then in these emails, there better be a call to action to get that person on the phone Right. So it's the landing page. It's the email auto responder and it's the online calendar Because in these emails there's a link to your calendar Okay, so so that's kind of next that's next step and and again If you if you stay consistent, which I'm hoping we stay consistent with running facebook ads That type of software would pay for itself like literally pay for itself But you don't need to pick it up just yet But that's kind of what would be next is is and I've seen every landing page software under the sun like this is what I eat Breathe and sleep. This is all I do is online marketing. So I've seen everything out there Most of them run run separately like you'll have to pay a hundred bucks a month for the landing pages You'll have to pay like 50 bucks a month for the email automation You have to pay like 30 bucks a month for an online calendar Most of them are billed separately and they're all separate companies But the one that I always recommend is just one company and it's all three All in one for a hundred bucks a month Yeah, that's good. Yeah, it's landing pages email automation and a calendar Those are the only three things we need because here's what happens. Let me show you. Let me share my screen real quick Stop. Okay. I'm sharing and I'll share my screen. Let me show you in a perfect world This is all we need like Let's say let's say we focus on sellers, right? We're a listing agent We're we're now going to start running facebook ads to get people to download our seller guide So this is a basic template. So I see your facebook ad Let's say it's you in video and you're giving me a tip on what it takes to sell Right. That's all you're going to start doing that. That's the video content the video content The first one you did was introducing yourself Now every video after this would be a short video giving someone a tip on what it takes to sell And so the way I want you to kind of strategically plan this out Is is just with all this knowledge you have on selling Now it's time to just break it down into short one minute videos And give it give it and and and share it as if you were sharing a tip Okay, like like like simple like simple like like today's tip or it's actually weekly So it's just it's just one a week. We're running one video a week Educating people on the process of selling That's it and at the end of that video, there's a call to action at the end of the video like Let me just show you a random ad There's always going to be that call to action button At the bottom of every ad so as you scroll down to the news feed and just kind of see what everyone's up to And see what everyone's posting and then all of a sudden I come across a sponsored ad Where's the ad? Okay. So right here. So there's the text. There's an image. There's the learn more button So you can always do an image, but it would be what I recommend is an image of you like a head shot of you When you have the image you have to be really good at the text So Your message whatever you're trying to portray whatever message you're trying to try to try to try to give out would obviously have to be written because all this is an image and That person needs to know what the heck is going on Versus a video if that was a one minute video and you're actually verbally telling me what the hell's going on Right, that's obviously different. That's video. That's why I always recommend video Because with video you can just say everything versus having to be the best What we call ad copy This is ad copy versus having to be the best ad copier So you're either going to be very good at writing something and just putting an image Or you're going to just simply do it do it in a video And just let me know what they can do in the video So the video could be super powerful and super simple where it's just you in a one minute video giving some type of tip on selling Or some type of art some type of market update on selling And again, we're talking to your local area. This is not a post for all of social media So facebook ad right targeting that local area So we're talk what we're talking to that area Giving some type of tip on selling and at the end of that video. It's all about clicking learn more So I would say something like hey guys and by the way, I put together a 2021 seller guide That's going to cover this this this and this If you click learn more, it'll take you straight to my webpage where you can download your free copy. See you guys there So it just becomes this friendly video where you're giving out education and tips on what it takes to sell And at the end you're giving away a free download Okay, that's it. That's as simple as it gets And so this is the landing page and this is basic. There's a template. You can always change it I mean, it's just it's just a simple template, but this is this is all it is. It's not a full blown website It's one freaking page with one yellow button That's it And many times with real estate you guys have the most fanciest websites. It's not even funny A lot of times people run an ad and I click and it goes straight to a fancy keller Williams website For example, and there's a million things to click on Yeah, that's why people don't don't capture don't capture leads because the moment that person sees your ad and they click They're clicking on 15 buttons on your website and before you know it, they're leaving and you never capture the lead When it comes to facebook ads, it's very specific Very specific I'm either going to come here for a seller guide or i'm coming here because you're you're running an ad on a listing I click and now i'm coming to this one page Regarding this one listing get instant access to the price and photos of this property and then a few bullet points one single button View all 17 photos now That's how you capture the lead and that's that's for a listing which we won't be doing too much of I want you to focus on on one either a buyer guide or a seller guide That would keep your pipeline full so in this case If it was a seller guide that's you on video talking about some random tip on selling i click i come here One page i enter my name and email send me your 10 tips I then come to this second page, which is what we call a thank you page On this page.  So here's what ends up happening This is the landing page now that person clicks on this button. It takes them to their to your online calendar Those who don't click the button and don't schedule a call here Those are now email. Those are now leads getting dripped on via email In these emails, let's say we have 15 of them preset ready to go out and drip on them Automatically this entire thing is automated. It's all automated from the moment I run that facebook ad and it's running 24 7 to my backyard Automated to the moment these people are coming here scheduling a call Automated to the moment these people that are not scheduling a call here getting emails all automated in these emails What i'm doing is i'm educating them on the seller guide So if I have 10 emails preset every email is going to refer back to the seller guide So so let's say for example on day three day three another email goes out Hey, hey, hey, John. This is Dave. Just wanted to follow up. Hey, I know three days ago You downloaded my seller guide Do you remember on page three when I was talking about the importance of renovating your kitchen and how much value that can bring to the Overall listening price of your property. Here's what I meant by a Dave and by the way If you click the link below it'll take you straight to my calendar where you could schedule your best time So if you're looking to list or if you have some questions that you'd love to get answers to I'd love to talk to you click the link It'll take you straight to my calendar where you schedule your best time So these are these are simple emails that would be going out continually nurturing that lead Educating them on what they downloaded So i'm educating them. I'm continually educating them on on on what it takes to sell in a friendly educational way I'm not pitching them I'm educating them on what it takes to sell little tips here and there with a call to action with a link to my calendar Okay, that's it. So appointments would it would either be coming in from this thank you page Or appointments will be coming in from the automated emails that are going out With your calendar link a type title and that calendar link is not in your email signature That calendar link is not a ps that calendar is a that link. That's a hardcore call to action in the email Hey, Dave and by the way, man, if you'd like to jump on a call I'd love to talk to you click the link below take you straight to my calendar to schedule your best time See you soon Like that's a real call to action in the body of my email. You know what I mean? So That's kind of what it is landing page email automation and an online calendar And this software is also where you would host your pdf because it's a pdf That has to sit somewhere And that pdf sits inside of your inside of your your system So the moment that email comes in That email the next email is triggered the first email is triggered right away with a link to that pdf to download So I have a lot of this stuff already done for you, man Like I have a lot of it already done for you. I have a lot of these funnels already done for you I have a lot of emails already done for you Um, it's just it's just getting your own software the activating the system and it comes with a 14 day trial Um, it comes with a lot of these funnels already done for you real estate related And then it comes with with my support So you'd have me to always answer questions. I also hold a monday and wednesday q&a So every every monday and wednesday at 3 p.m I do a zoom 3 p.m central I do a zoom call where I just jump on with a bunch of agents and we just Tear apart this entire software and whatever question you have I answer it right there on the spot and we share screen and all that stuff So you'd have major support on the software alone um And then the company actually does the same q&a live webinar. They share screen and all that Every tuesday and thursday at 3 p.m central So monday through thursday at 3 p.m. There's a q&a webinar teaching you how to use this software So It's pretty cool, but that's just that's later on that's what we'll need once we get our seller guy done Okay, that's kind of that's kind of the step is is and and the reason why I had you go to the website So go back actually know what no, let me let me show you this real quick The reason why I had you go back to custom audiences and then click on website Because as we start to go into websites and as we start to build custom audiences So say for example, this was your ad giving away a seller guide I click And that's the video. So let's say i'm watching a one minute video You're capturing the audience of those watching it But then you're also capturing the audience under website you clicked on website That's where we're at right now on your screen website We're also capturing the audience of those that land here And that's what we have to go on on our way. That's what we're like. We're like Two calls away from what i'm about to explain to you right now But i'll briefly explain to you right now so you can kind of get an idea because custom audiences website That's where you're at. We did custom audiences for video, but now this is website So here's how this part works as people click on your ad and they come here Some are going to opt in and some aren't The ones that do not That's someone who I want to create a custom audience around So what I do inside of inside of the website that you're at right now So you went to custom audiences you clicked on website In that section, which we're not going to do on your screen right now because we don't have any websites yet But once we do this is what we end up doing We end up taking this link. This is the link to my webpage This is the the first landing page. This is the link So what I would do with this link inside of facebook is I would create a custom audience under website And I would name it we're going to name our audience. I would name it website visitors These are people who landed here, but never opted in Those are people that I want to create a custom audience around because if they got this far Why didn't you click on my ad if there was absolutely zero interest? You would have kept scrolling if if anything But for some reason you stopped you clicked on it. You came to my webpage. Yeah, you didn't fill out the form Okay, cool, but you got this far I'm going to put you in an audience and I'm going to show you another ad Because if they got this far, they just didn't enter their name and number a million things could have been going on They could have been driving They could have been freaking with their kids and their kids started crying They could have been cooking and the food's burning all of a sudden they got to go There's a million reasons why they probably didn't fill out the form, but they got this far Show them another ad so this link would go into website and it would you would create a custom audience Now here's another custom audience when that person gets here and they enter their name and email send me your 10 tips and they get here This is another audience that we better be setting up So right where you're at on your screen website This link would now be set up under website in a custom Audience we would name this audience seller guide leads Now with this specific audience, I would then make sure that I exclude from seeing future ads So as I go set up my third ad fourth ad fifth ad and I'm talking about selling I would always always always on every ad which I'll show you how to do once we start running ads I'm going to show you how to do all this stuff But I'm just kind of giving you the birds eye view now on on how this whole website custom audience side works Those who land here obviously opted in those are leads So I need to set that up in facebook as well because this audience these specific people I want to make sure Never see my next ad Because they've already opted in So they don't need to keep seeing the same ads Does that kind of make sense So that's how you really make sure you're showing your ads to the most relevant Audiences and not spending more than you need to don't show your ads to people who already downloaded your seller guide And that's this is just the the steps that most agents don't even get to they just run one ad and don't capture any Leads and then get pissed off and never run another ad What you were supposed to do is create an audience Create an audience around those who watch the video and then show them another ad Or create an audience of those who landed on the page, but didn't fill out the form and show them another ad So the more we keep doing this the more this audience of people who landed here But didn't fill out the form the more that audience is going to grow And the more we keep running video ads The more audiences we're going to create under all these different videos And that's how you just create this omnipresence of you being everywhere Because we're creating audiences and retargeting those who are engaging And that's why they're going to keep seeing you before you know what they're going to fall in love with you And before you know what they're going to be doing business with you That's how you take over your town. You keep showing these ads to people who are clicking and engaging with your stuff And and and as we stay consistent with ads, we're talking in the thousands. We're not talking to a few people We're talking in the thousands. There's going to be thousands of people that we're retargeting because they landed here There's going to be thousands of people that we're retargeting because they watched the last four videos And we're only on video five Right, so I want right this is this is something major and once you learn this again, especially because of your schedule All this is going to be automated, which all you're going to be doing is waking up to appointments That's great. So so no prospecting physical prospecting needed. It's all done. It's all Leveraging facebook but doing it the right way through an actual ad You know, so go ahead and share your screen and then And then again long story. What we got to really do is just is just focus on getting our hands on a buyer guide or a seller guide Which way are we going? Are we going? Buyer seller, which which way are we going? So I think I'm gonna do sellers. Awesome. Perfect. Perfect so See if you can get your hands on a seller guide And then and then and then email me. Let me know. Let me know when you do have one And then and then and then I'll send you a link to just simply hire somebody 20 bucks 15 bucks 20 bucks I'll send you a link and you can just have that have that person redesign it and make it look super professional Okay Cool. Yeah, I will let you know when I have that and then I guess I'll sign up for one tomorrow or next week. Yes. Yes. Let's try to get one next weekend Once we have the seller guide then we'll then we'll activate a fortune day trial on the software Because that's what we're gonna need all those links to start setting up custom audiences Okay, so so it's it's taking it's taking your seller guide Putting it into the software, which is our landing page is our email automation in the calendar It's all one software. We take the seller guide. We upload it to that software And then we go start to we go and create some pages landing page Again, I already have all of them done for you guys got to transfer them to your account But but then I'm gonna take all the links And go create audiences, which is website Okay, that would be set up before we even run the ad So just like we're setting up the custom audience on the video before that video even went live This one already went live the intro, but let's just say it was the second one Right, right right away. It's scheduled to go live tomorrow right away. We go and set up the custom audience around that video Same thing with the website. So before we even run the ads We need to set up custom audiences around the websites around the web pages So we can start collecting data right away. We need to know who landed on the home page or yeah Who landed on the landing page who didn't opt in we need to know who actually opt in That's all custom audiences around website okay, so Get the seller guide first and then and then let's and then let's chat sooner than later Okay, no, that sounds good Awesome, so I'll be a message away if you need anything and have a wonderful weekend. Happy Easter. You too. Thanks. Bye. Bye. Bye


Hello and welcome to Dispatches from India, a show brought to you by People's Dispatch. In this episode, we will be taking a look at the implications of the recent elections in various states in India, the situation of the LGBTQ and trans community in the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, and some reflections on Bill Gates' comments on vaccines and intellectual property rights. Now we start with the elections. The results for the elections in four state and one union territory were announced on May 2. This was considered a particularly crucial round, as in three of these states, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu and Kerala, the Bharati Janata Party which is in power in the center was hoping to expand its presence. In the fourth state, Assam, it was already in power. The results however were disappointing for the ruling party. In the southern states of Kerala and Tamil Nadu, the BJP and its allies were defeated. In West Bengal, while the BJP considerably improved its performance, it nonetheless emerged in a distant second. The BJP also retained its power-retain power in Assam. Kerala's results were particularly interesting as the Communist Party of India, Marxist-led left democratic front returned to power. This is the first time a ruling combined has come back to power in Kerala in over four decades. The left government's return to power was based on an excellent performance of the administrative front. The government's work was especially celebrated when it dealt with multiple crises. These include two successive rounds of flooding in 2018 and 2019 and the COVID-19 pandemic. The state, in fact, is one of the lowest case-fatality ratios in the country. Subindennis, a researcher with triconsent, examined some of the key reasons for the left's victory in Kerala. Putting it in simple terms, we could talk about six reasons for the victory of the left democratic front in Kerala. One, its policies have been popular. The LDF government expanded public education and public health care in a big way. It increased pensions and greatly improved their coverage to benefit a total of almost 6 million people. It built 250,000 houses for the poor. Apart from these, it made major investments in economic infrastructures such as new roads and bridges. Finance Minister Thomas Isaac led the effort to raise resources necessary for these. The right wing in Kerala has traditionally claimed that the left is not good enough when it comes to building economic infrastructure. But this time, they lost that blank. Two, leadership. Chief Minister Pinarai Vijayan emerged as an extremely popular leader with the leadership he showed in steering the state during several periods of crisis. Kerala was hit by severe floods in 2018 and 19 and then by the COVID pandemic. The LDF government handled these crisis efficiently and ensured relief to the people. The important role that Health Minister KK Shailaja played in the battle against the COVID pandemic made her immensely popular too. Importantly, it became clear to the people that it was the LDF which was the best suited to handle the challenges that lie ahead. Three, commitment to secularism. When the BJP government at the center brought in the Citizenship Amendment Act and the national register of citizens that threatened to turn Muslims into second-class citizens, the LDF government stood firmly against the CAA and NRC and declared that they will not be implemented in Kerala. Kerala was the first state in which the state assembly passed a resolution against the CAA. This gave religious minorities and other democratic-minded people even more confidence in the left. Four, communication. Pinovay Vijayan's daily press conferences during the floods and the pandemic, which people watched live, became a very effective method of communicating directly to the people. Apart from that, the left built a large social media presence by mobilizing its activists and sympathizers. This meant that the falsehoods that tried to media propagate and which used to have a shelf-life of months or even years were being demolished in the matter of days or even hours. Five, reaching out to more sections of people. The LDF is a coalition of parties led by the Communist Party of India Marxist. In recent times, the LDF has expanded to include a few more parties which have their own mass base. This has allowed the LDF to reach out to more sections of people, which turned out to be very important in the elections. Six, organization. Over the years, the left has worked to expand the reach of its class organizations and mass organizations. The work of organizations such as the Democratic Youth Federation of India or DYFI and that of the trade unions has been crucial in making the community-centered response of the LDF government to the COVID pandemic possible. Organizations like DYFI and the Students' Federation of India, SFI, have helped in taking the message of the left to more and more sections of the youth. This organizational deepening can combine with the LDF government's development and welfare programs, defense of secularism and its handling of crisis has made such an impact that even among sections of people who have been opposed to the left for generations, the younger generation is closer to the left. Staying with the elections, we head to the state of West Bengal. The BJP had heavily invested in these elections in the state, spending a huge amount of money and conducting a very religiously polarized campaign. Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Home Minister Amit Shah spent a lot of time campaigning in the state and were even criticized for focusing on the elections rather than dealing with the COVID-19 crisis in the country. But finally, the incumbent Chief Minister Mamta Banerjee was able to defeat the BJP conclusively. In the aftermath of a victory, there was widespread political violence as members of a party, the Trinamool Congress, unleashed attacks on their opponents. There have been calls on her to control this violence. The election nonetheless has been seen as a key moment for anti-BJP forces across the country. Journalist Anandya Chakravarty discusses the importance of the Bengal elections. We are living in extremely grim times and I don't mean just the COVID surge, which is taking so many lives across India right now. I also mean what is happening to democracy. Mamta Banerjee has won in West Bengal and then a campaign of violence has been unleashed once again. We've seen that repeatedly in West Bengal. Violence against opponents by the government. And we're hearing that attacks, I mean, undertaken not only on BJP supporters, not only on the left with Congress and even those who had actually campaigned against the BJP are at facing the violence of the Trinamool machinery. Now that Mamta Banerjee is back in the saddle with very high numbers, more than 200 seats, which no one predicted. But at the same time, there's a glimmer of hope which has appeared because of the West Bengal win. And I don't mean this for the people of West Bengal. I mean it for the people of India as a whole. You do understand that the entire government machinery had been pushed behind the BJP's attempt to win West Bengal. We saw an absent government because the prime minister, the home minister, chief ministers from different states, those star campaigners who at the end of the day didn't manage to do anything. They went and camped in West Bengal. They campaigned. They tried to polarize the state. And at the end of the day, they couldn't win it. And why is that important? Because we know that the mishandling of COVID around us, you see that. There's no oxygen in the capital of the country. Private hospitals are not able to treat even the richest and the most affluent. Even they are dying right now. So given that, we've seen complete collapse of governance in India. But at the same time, institutions are now speaking up. Institutions are upholding the rights of individuals. Whether it is the media, whether it is courts, that was very crucial. Because every institution ultimately bows down to political opinion, to public opinion. The fact that West Bengal has sent a message to the Modi government that you have tried your best here, but you could not win. You're not invincible. You can lose elections despite putting in all the money power, all your Chanakya Niti, yet the BJP loss. And that is a national signal. It's a signal sent to every institution, every state institution that is out there, whether it is the CBI, whether it is the CAG, whether it is the courts, everyone, district, ministry, everyone can now say, we can do our jobs without having to be scared that there is one powerful person or this government is so powerful that we cannot speak out because something will happen to us. Try and recall what happened in the UPA period. It's the courts who spoke up. When there were allegations of various scams, some of them dissipated later on. We know that some of them turned out to be not scams at all, or the legal process didn't lead to anyone being punished. But the court spoke up. The institutions like CAG spoke up. They spoke up and said, this is wrong. What is happening is wrong. They were part of the state, but not government. That is crucial in any democracy. A government can be in power, but it is only supposed to be in that space, executive, doing things, administering things. It cannot control the legislature, which frames laws. It's not supposed to be in the judiciary and actually even the bureaucratic framework and independent institutions. As I said, there are many independent institutions supposedly, whether it is the election commission, the so-called independent CBI, so-called independent controller and auditor general. All of these are supposed to be autonomous and independent. But yes, they work in concert with the ruling government of the day. But when the government of the day becomes autocratic, doesn't listen to anyone, these institutions are supposed to speak up. They don't speak up when it looks like there is a complete hegemony of one party across India. Only one party can speak and no one else can speak, right? Only one party is winning, no one else can win. That has been put into the background, into the back burner by the West Bengal election results. We now move on to our ongoing coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic. India has continued to register a massive number of new cases and fresh deaths as the disease rages rampant. At this point, socially vulnerable groups are especially at danger. We go to Kashmir where the queer and trans communities are struggling to survive due to a fresh lockdown. It must be remembered that Kashmir has been in continuous lockdown since 2019 or has had various forms of lockdowns where the constitutionally mandated autonomy was removed and a harsh civil and communications lockdown was imposed. Let's take a look at the situation there. What started as the 84 long-hour lockdown in Jammu and Kashmir on April 29th has now been extended up to May 10th in five major districts. This keeping in view a sharp rise in the COVID-19 cases in the second wave of the pandemic. Now the vaccination drive has started across the country. But for extremely marginalized communities like the transgender community, access to health interventions in the pandemic times comes with many barriers. The government should take care of us as well because we don't have a song to sing or do you know that we have to get a relationship in Kashmir? Our culture is the same. Because three years ago, you already knew that the lockdown was closed due to COVID-19. This year, the lockdown was closed due to COVID-19. Now the pandemic is closed due to COVID-19. Now the pandemic is closed due to COVID-19. The pandemic is closed due to COVID-19. The pandemic is closed due to COVID-19. The pandemic is closed due to COVID-19. The transgender community is already a marginalized and vulnerable section of the population. In the current COVID crisis, it stands completely neglected and alone without any support extended by the state administration. If we are talking about the transgender community, it has not yet been ignored. It has been ignored for a long time. Even during the pandemic, it has been ignored. The reason for this is that we do not accept them socially. We do not recognize them in the society. That is why every crisis or a normal life is a sideline. When we talk about well-being in society, it is important to have collective well-being. So it is not like we should vaccinate a gender category and ignore it. Dr. Ajaz Ahmad Band is a social worker who runs an NGO, Sonzal Welfare Trust, that works for the welfare and rights of the queer community in Kashmir. And continuing with the coverage of COVID-19, we examined the recent comments by former Microsoft CEO Bill Gates that intellectual property rights were not a barrier to the manufacturing of COVID-19 vaccines and that moving a vaccine to a country like India is possible to quote him only because of our grants and expertise. This comment has been criticized as racist by observers across the world. Bill Gates and his powerful Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation have long opposed patent waivers which would help increase vaccine production. Recently, the Foundation has changed its stand. How are these opposition over all these months has already had a cost? Newspilx Pravir Purkayashta and journalist Alexander Zhechik discuss the implications of these issues. How do you see Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Bill Gates role, particularly in WHO because WHO had an alternate model, the CTAC model, which asked for patents to be put, intellectual property to be put. It's not about patents alone. Patents are a small part of the much larger intellectual property that we are talking about, which is really know-how sharing knowledge. That's the fundamental issue. But that was completely sabotaged by what Bill Gates, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation did and what we have today, in fact, is that that patent pool idea is just dead. Yeah, unfortunately Gates played quite a significant role in undermining the momentum that was building towards a CTAP type IP pool that was going to be matched with tech transfer mechanism. As you mentioned, it's obviously a bigger issue than just patents. We were going to require a truly global solidarity effort that was going to either force the companies to share their know-how or create a pool where they were doing so on their own, which was the less likely scenario. But Gates basically showed up with the ACT accelerator and said, no, that's not necessary. Just trust us, trust the companies, just let the market forces plus a little sprinkling of philanthropy solve the problem. And a lot of people anticipated that that was not going to be enough and they were saying so quite loudly very early on in the pandemic. And there's really no excuse for not listening to those voices because they turned out to be right. And their arguments were based on history and a very sophisticated analysis of how the world works and how this industry functions. And history is not going to look kindly on them or those who enabled them. And unfortunately, Bill Gates counts in that column. In fact, Oxford vaccine was originally planned to be made to be shared to all. And in fact, it's being transferred to AstraZeneca. It appears that Mr. Gates and his foundation played a big role in that as well. Yeah, that was a shame. And especially when you think back to the history of Oxford that they were trying to live up to. Look at penicillin during World War II, which was a comparable global crisis. They were developing penicillin and they brought it to America and they had a chance to patent the product or the process at that point and they chose not to. They kept it in the public domain and the US government at the time did as well. And they basically contracted with some companies, but the governments were in the dominant partner. They were the senior partner and the companies just made the stuff. And they made as much as possible. And it was a success. It was an example of the public sector developing a breakthrough medicine and not letting intellectual property slow down maximum production for a global crisis. And that model should have been adopted in the context of COVID. And it was not. And there's no good reason that it wasn't other than you know, fealty to what is fundamentally unjust and indivisible system of private profit over the public. It's interesting, Alex, when you talk about antibiotics, penicillin in particular, that this was also the battle in India in the 50s. And in fact, the American multinationals, British multinationals fought a bitter battle to see the public sector in India does not develop antibiotics because at that time, antibiotics was much costlier in India than even in the United States. So that was the battle we had to fight. And at that time, the pharmaceutical companies, I don't remember which one at this moment. In fact, one of the persons in the Senate hearing said, we are a part of the strategic battle against the Soviet Union. And in India, we have recently won a battle like this, where we have stopped a pharmaceutical public sector company from making antibiotics. So this is really a rehash of a much older battle that seems to be going on. And unfortunately, for us, Mr. Bill Gates brings the hat of a philanthropist today and not the hat of a pharmaceutical spokesperson. That is also the problem that we seem to have. And therefore, his legitimacy, particularly the role he plays in WHO is, I think, something that we have to now contend with. That's all the time for today. We'll be back next week with more news from India. Until then, keep watching People's Dispatch. For more videos on people's struggles, please subscribe to our YouTube channel.


Thank you for coming in and thank you for making such a big sacrifice when the semifinals are on, we are such a crucial stage. So I'll make sure that every minute of your sacrifice is worth it. So in next 10 and a half minutes, we are going to discuss about a wonderful technique of ensuring how to build the product right, or how to build the right product, per se. So during this 10 and a half minutes, we are going to cover in detail about this technique which is known as specification by example. How exactly we adopted it and what exactly worked for us. Well, walking you through that, I'll also take you to what is the challenge that we actually faced while adopting this practice. So before I take a deep dive into it, let me quickly brief you about myself. I'm Ankur Sambhar. I'm an agile developer working with JP Morgan. But today, whatever I'm going to speak, it's completely into the individual capacity and none of my views are going to get endorsed by JP Morgan. So in the last 12 years of my career into the IT, I have been mostly engaged and involved into building telecom products, financial domain applications, e-commerce platforms, building startups, doing R&D, filing patents. So in a nutshell, I've been pretty agile in adopting various flavors. And honestly, I really loved that way. Coming back to the building the right products, let's quickly go through some of these products and try to identify, do we recognize some of these ones? This one coming from Apple MessagePad, the bus which couldn't create much bus, Web TV eventually became into MSN TV, pulled out the plug in 2012. G4 Cube, which proved that only the form factor and aesthetics cannot run the product or cannot make it successful. Window Vista, I don't have words to describe that. So let's keep it aside. Zune, another big attempt to take on to a very famous product, the iPod. Videos, they tried to make an impact but couldn't do that so they bought their competitor. And one of the biggest experiments, Kin, Microsoft Kin, which was a billion dollar experiment and which got off the shelf in 40 days. So they had to retract in 40 days. So if we just look at these, so the first thing comes in, what is so common about them? We already know that they all failed or rather they all failed badly. But what was the reason that these products which were coming from some of the best technology companies, most innovative companies have developed, but still they failed and they failed badly. So the reason was that the products were not right. By that I mean there was no market demand. There was no real user need that they were able to serve. They were not able to entice the user to pay for the service or to buy this product. So they were not able to take out the money from the pocket.


Namibia, we started with our NBSA last year, I think that we made numerous strides, we had some regional consultations in the regions and we felt that we needed to speed up our process to get more organized and we did some series of marathon workshops including high-level workshops for politicians to sensitize and get by on the NBSA process. I think this has been a key achievement because we have been able to engage our politicians and also get by in and commitment in terms of the NBSA process and its implementation. We are going to have a peer review which is going to assist the NBSA government especially on the element of mainstreaming and one of the key issues I think that they've assisted us in with this second workshop is that we also need to look at our own plans because we have currently Namibia is having voluntary strategic environmental assessment and the key question was asked whether is this NBSA document also going to be subjected to a strategic environmental assessment since it's a government document and we are going to look into that and I think that is also going to assist us in implementing and looking at key issues especially at the strategic level. In addition to the process I think the key process that we need to do is finalize the document and submit it to cabinet so that it can be endorsed and this becomes a national document which is going to be implemented by the different line ministries and other sectors that have been identified as key stakeholders in the implementation of our second national environmental strategy and action plan and after that I think then we commence with the implementation process of of the NBSA which is I think ultimately the most important because implementation and getting the work done and ensuring that by the city's concept that is our ultimate objective.


Commander Ryan Bernacke relieved Captain Tom Frosh as commanding officer and flight leader of the U.S. Navy Flight Demonstration Squadron, the Blue Angels, in a change of command ceremony held at the National Naval Aviation Museum in Pensacola, Florida, November 8th. This team set up for success. They're going to fly better than we did, and I'm looking forward to watching it from the ground. Commander Bernacke took command of the squadron at a pivotal moment in Blue Angels history as the 2016 show season will mark the squadron's 70th anniversary. It's a privilege of custodianship where I have the opportunity now with the help of 130 people all working together to carry that legacy forward, not just for next year in 2016, but for many decades to come. For more information about the Blue Angels, visit their website. From the Navy Flight Demonstration Squadron, I'm Petty Officer Ian Cotter.


The Health Stigma and Discrimination Framework is a comprehensive, global framework for understanding and addressing health-related stigma. It provides a unified approach to understanding and reducing stigma related to a wide variety of health conditions, such as leprosy, epilepsy, mental health, cancer, HIV and obesity overweight. The framework emphasizes the importance of understanding the intersectionality of stigma related to race, gender, sexual orientation, class, and occupation, and how these factors interact with health-related stigma. Additionally, the framework highlights the need for research, programming, and policy efforts to be informed by a shared understanding of the underlying causes of health-related stigma. By applying this framework, we can better understand the complexities of health-related stigma and develop more effective strategies to reduce its impact. This article was authored by an El Stangel, Valerie A. Earnshaw, Carmen H. Logee, and others. We are article.tv, links in the description below.