All right, it's Python on a hard time this week Lady Aida, we've got a lot going on in the world of Blinka Circuit Python and more Let's go over to our newsletter. So this week One of the things that we did last week was talk about the 100 libraries in the community bundles So that was breaking news like news last week I do want to thank everyone who's in our discord. We're up to 37 Thousand people. Thank you. It's one of the biggest open Discords, thanks for keeping it a good safe place for everyone um And this is kind of a neat project. We're starting to see a lot of Especially Python based projects that use hardware with chat gbt and again, you know our point of view In case you're all wondering is this is a fantastic thing to generate gobs of text for fiction So, um, this is kind of neat. Uh, this is a raspberry pi That'll pretend to be clippy and move around and say things. So, you know, if you want to paper clip the talk Chat gbt might be for you. Um, and then we watched some of the, um, Arduino it was Arduino day and it was also Um, Hackaday, Berlin a lot going on I think it was Saturday Even with time zones and there's a new arduino Uno r4 unclear Theoretically it could run micropython. It could it could run micropython. It's um arm cortex, which is which is good And it's got a 32 k of ram, which is enough. I mean that we have the samd 21 with 32 k of ram So it's not, you know ton, but it's comparable to samd 21. What's interesting about this chip Uh, it's a cortex. Sorry. It's a cortex m4. So it's much more powerful than the samd 21 And it's a five volt logic microcontroller, which is it's a rare thing, right? Not a lot of microcontrollers that are arm cortex run at five volts and have usb Um, so it'd be interesting if something, you know, there was a lot of demand for five volt logic level Support this would be like the chip you could use it with. Yeah, we'll see if folks want this This is a different direction for adrino. We shall see Um, and then some new firmware for micro bit a good comparison on some hobby pc vendors Um, I asked and to put this in the newsletter this week because we get asked a lot It's like, oh, I wanted to send out my pcbs, which ones and like You know, we'll we have we like oshpark, but then someone went through and just like here's the one from digikey Here's oshpark. Here's this one. Here's this one. I love these. He's also had like really like that that um pastel purple Joystick color. It's kind of cool. Um and was on the haxter cafe and then I wanted to have you Lady to talk about the new things that we just added We're adding in circuit python. There's the gift thing and then the imx Yes, we've got a couple good things. It's like today. I'm all translucent. Um, yeah, I really like this This is a very comfy green shirt. So sorry. I I know I always wore black If we're just so transparent You can just you can see right here. Um, okay. So number one, um gif i o Um, it is now merged into, uh, the latest builds and will be in the beta one release Um, thanks, I think mark and an and dan jebler who all helped out getting gif i o and so it's cool You'll be able to play gifts natively from within circuit python to any display. It's super cool. Um And we also have optimized memory management now So you can switch up gifts because it's like gifts are gifts are kind of weird So you can play them from disk and also jebler, um, did a bunch of work to add i2 s And pwm output for the imx rt series Which is also really neat. Um You can play he did some tasks. I was like, okay, this is a 500 megahertz processor with the cortex m7 and like, you know It has all the The fpu dsp commands that come with the cortex m7. So it should be able to play a lot of audio very quickly um So I can currently I think play four to eight Concurrent wave files off of an sd card where the sd card is clocked at 25 megahertz. So I think it's limited by that speed of the sd card and there's no sdio support On for at the same time. That's pretty cool. Yeah four to eight. You'll be able to do. Yeah, which is just pretty good Concurrent wave playback. Um, so the next thing would be to you know, if you're limited by um the disk size actually wonder if mp3 might be a little bit better because With mp3, it's a tenth of the um disk size, but there's no more cpu requirements So like it kind of depends on whether it's cpu bound or if it's disk bound Um, I might have jeb lor try that out next So, uh, those are the two of the things that I think I mean everything is wonderful and so yeah But I'm very excited about those two things. All right, so check that out. Um, the newsletter comes out every single week We deliver it to your inbox. Just go to adafruitdaily.com separate site We don't want anything to do with your email address So we put it over there and it doesn't do if you're online store We don't do pop-ups or any of that nonsense because we don't like that either


Hey there and welcome back to the non-profit show. I like to say back, because I'm making this big broad assumption that all of you have been here before. So I'm glad you're here for the non-profit show where we have Wendy F. Adams, CFRE with Cultivate for Good. And Wendy has brought to us a conversation and it's really the recipe for success. So you're gonna wanna get, I'm gonna say an index card because that's how we used to jot down recipes, but it's all about relational leadership. So stay with us because she's got some great information to share with us. Before we dive into conversation, we want to remind all of you who we are if we haven't met you yet. Julia C. Patrick is here. She is CEO of the American Non-profit Academy and I'm Jarrett Ransom, non-profit nerd and CEO of the Raven Group, honored to be here today. And also shout out of immense gratitude goes to our friends over at Bloomerang, American Non-profit Academy, non-profit thought leader, fundraising academy at National University. Also thank you to 180 management group, your part-time controller, staffing boutique, JMT consulting, non-profit nerd and non-profit tech talk. These are the companies that invest in not only the show, but all of you and the conversations that we have here. And if you missed any of our 1,000 plus conversations, it's okay, we've got you covered. You can download the app by scanning that QR code. You can also find us on broadcast and your podcast channels. So Wendy, that's it for the housekeeping. We are thrilled to have you here today. When I met you, you have this bright light. You just shine into the community and I just am thrilled to have you on as a guest. So again, for everyone watching and listening around the globe, we have with us today Wendy F. Adams, C-F-R-E. She is with Cultivate for Good. And I would love, Wendy, for you to share with us a little bit about yourself and Cultivate for Good. Well, ladies, thank you so much. I'm so excited for today. I've been eagerly anticipating. So Cultivate for Good. Well, Wendy F. Adams is a recovering non-profit leader. And that's how I introduce myself quite often. I love what we are able to do in a non-profit space and leading out in that space. What I recognized most recently was that I could do a lot more out from behind the desk of one organization in helping to speak into leaders. Mission, we all know how important our mission is. They are hairy, big, audacious, God-sized goals, changing the world. And the importance of making sure that what we do every day is continuing to move that forward. That's where Cultivate for Good was birthed. I want to make sure that I can speak into as many leaders, executive leaders, board leaders, who are working in that space to make sure that they don't lose sight of mission and movement. And I don't want to get ahead and spoiler, but that those things got to be aligned. So that's Cultivate for Good. Well, I also love your logo. And for those of you listening and maybe not seeing it, it's really four people, different shades, together in a circle, which to me is so symbolic of a lot. So, Wendy, kudos to you. That's a beautiful, beautiful logo. Well, Julia, let's dive in, shall we? You know, absolutely. Because I'm really, I was telling Wendy and Jared this in the green room, when I put this slide together, I was like, it gave me chills because I had to reflect upon this, Wendy. And you kind of point out to start out, leaders drive the progress or they drive the problem. And it's a little bit of both. Sometimes it's, you know, one over the other. And I was like, holy cow, if there was ever something I needed to print off and put on my computer, I loved this. I can't wait for you to share with us what this looks like and what it means to all of us or what it should mean. Exactly, what it should mean. And Julia, it speaks to all of us or it should because it's a very intentional space. We can't be passive and think, there's no middle ground. You're either moving forward or you're going back. There's no middle ground in this space. And so the elephant in the room, and that's a lot of what Wendy does, if we were to cultivate, is to call that elephant out. We've got to start with, leader, where are you in this space? Be able to be self-aware and recognize where those changes may need to be made. And so a lot of my conversations with leaders, that's exactly where we have to start is where are you in this dynamic? Quick little story, seven years old, big girl bike, it was time to take the training wheels off.  I'm learning, I'm growing, I'm in this space too. And so I was gonna take those training wheels off in the midst of doing that without any help. Somehow I reversed what meant go and what meant stop on that bike. And so what I recognized was, I wouldn't go in anywhere. There was no mission of adventure and friends and not getting home on time when the street lights came on, I'm dating myself because I was not moving forward because what needed to be addressed was there was a problem and I needed help in it. So that's really where we start with this and how important it is for us as leaders to be self-aware, to be authentic, to be open and say, hey, I need help in this space. When you bring this up, when you're out in the community, if you're working with clients addressing leaders, is this kind of one of those aha moments for a lot of folks?  That's the real space that we need to be in. Is it easy to say, hey, didn't get this right or I need help in this space, we're not moving forward? No, it's not, but let's face it. We know that our supporters and our donors and those that were there to help, they can sniff out anything that's not authentic. So we've gotta start with ourselves just being real. I love that so much. I'm really curious. So when we talk about relational leadership, in particular this first key topic, you know, do the leaders drive the progress or do they drive the problem? And you pointed out having self-awareness, what if they're not aware of their self? Like, how do we bring that element into the room? Yeah, Jared, I think that's a fabulous question. I really do. Well, and you're absolutely right. Most of the times when I'm being invited into a conversation, someone at least knows as a leader, this is coming or something along the lines of, I've gotta be open to change. But we do have to ease into that conversation. And there are usually others in the space who are on the front line, who's reporting to that leader, who's recognized this. And a lot of times that's who's introducing me. And so I'd like to have them alongside creating a safe space to say, giving examples, things like this, when you do, when you ask, and so that we can have conversation. This isn't a, you're doing it wrong. This is let's conversate on how we can move forward better together, but that that leader recognizes, they're the one who's setting the tone. Yeah, setting the tone and also aligning the team. Is that right? Because I won't get into, in fact, we have here alignment, alignment, alignment and just how much that plays probably a very critical role into the success of relational leadership. Talk to us about alignment, Wendy. And what does that mean when, you know, when you speak to your, yeah, your nonprofit leaders in regards to this. So what we, again, we started the conversation around mission and how important that is, but how many leaders can actually speak out what their mission is, mission statement, why are we doing what we're doing, right? Why? Then we can speak to the, what do we do before we can get anyone involved in the how? How can you come alongside and be a part of? And so that alignment space starts with knowing our mission, making sure we are all actually moving every day. What are the activities that we're doing? What are we bringing our volunteers into? How are we engaging with our board? What direction are we giving them? Is it actually moving the mission forward? It's a lot of my conversations in this space take us into that HR space where we say, we've brought in great talent, but they won't stay. They're not sticking. Why is that? Because they got so excited about a mission, but when they come into work every day, that's not what they're doing. It's not aligned. And now they're sitting in that space of just being stuck. Yeah. It makes me think, sorry, Julie, go ahead. It's fascinating because I think that a lot of times these ecosystems are going on, but we don't recognize it and we can't articulate it. And I'm wondering when you work with the nonprofit sector, do you find that people can't identify that there's a problem or that there's a direction that they can move towards? Or is it just general, I hate this, I'm done. I can't see a path forward or maybe use that word correction. You know, it's an and both, really. It depends on where we're meeting along the spectrum. They're just throwing their hands up. And so we have that opportunity to bring that conversation again back into play of, here's the example of when I felt this way. We all know there are enough assessments that are out there to tell us, speak into who we are, what's seen on the bus. You know what's more frustrating? Not taking the assessment, they're wonderful. But once I've hung that door hanger, put that plaque up, I've told you who I am, and then you don't interact and engage with me that way. That's a frustrating space. So if we can have all this useful information and then actually act upon it, that's the sweet spot in the conversation. When we're talking about frontline and leaders and how we can make this alignment really come into play and make the moves that we need. Yeah. And Julia, your question and my question are very much aligned, ironically. When do you hear often that people leave their boss, are their supervisor, not the job? That's right. How much does that play into this? Because I feel like it goes with, do the leaders drive the progress or the problem as well as that continued alignment, how does that show up? Well, we all know that the world that we're in, this space of nonprofit is all relational, right? We're working with people. There's great cause, but we're working with making lives better, changing family trees. So it doesn't change anything when we talk about how we relate to one another as far as there has to be that ongoing dialogue. You're right. People, there's actual grieving so often when we're walking away from the space that we're in because we love the mission and we wanna continue to see it come to fruition. I just can't do it with this team anymore. I can't do it with this leader who's not listening, who's not being curious, who's not stepping in. And so that's so often the space that we're in. Absolutely. Well, as part and parcel to that, you give us, and we'll put our chef's hat back on and the chef's apron, you give us four ingredients that we really need to be thinking about so we can look at this as a recipe. And let's start with influence for excellence. What does that mean? Yes, yes. Well, I think that we're seeing a theme here and I know we're around lunchtime for some. So, you know, there are these ingredients that are so important to making this work, right? For us to be able to move forward. Influence for excellence and recognize that word excellence, not perfection, right? What does that mean? And there is a difference. Perfection actually can get us stuck. We're back to that stuck space because until it's perfect, it can't move forward. What we need to encourage as leaders is for others who we're leading and walking out, they can come into an excellent space. That excellent space is we're gonna cross our T's, we're gonna dot those I's. We're also gonna create a safe space that says, hey, I need help or this isn't working or I don't understand or why are we doing it this way? And being able to question. You know, we would see that space of, I'm not sure I should be in this room. We'd see that significantly decrease. That imposter syndrome would come way down if we could really create a space of, we're gonna be excellent together. And that means what we do after we make a mistake and how we can come together not that I'll never make a mistake. And so that's where that influence for excellence as a leader really makes the difference in relational leadership. Wow, I love that because, man, I was just talking to somebody yesterday and from a nonprofit and they expressed exact same thing, how frustrated they were at the cadence with which the organization moved forward because everybody was so freaked out about being perfect and not moving forward. I mean, that conversation was less than 24 hours ago. So amazing. Now the next part of this magical recipe is mission possible. What does that look like? Well, for core value, what are we saying? Mission, mission, mission over and over again. Do you as a leader believe that your mission is possible? Are we just speaking out words? Or do we actually believe? You know, I love, I really enjoyed the movie Hitch. And so I'm just gonna take a piece of it. There's a lot of good and fun in that movie. Towards the end, two main characters, right? One gets called out. So Will Smith gets called out in the fact of, hey, you're selling this thing. You don't even believe it. You don't believe what you're selling. And do we actually believe that the mission is possible? We know that a donor and a supporter is gonna figure that out really quickly. If we're just spewing words and we don't think, well, we've got the internal stakeholders as staff and board who are, it's equally important for them to know. We believe that this mission is possible and that's why we're gonna move forward together. So do you believe that the mission is possible? Can it be attained? So that is so fascinating to me. And the one that comes to my mind, there's two, homelessness and hunger. And I know to eradicate both, right? Like we do, is that truly possible?  Are you seeing in these conversations, Wendy, that true assessments are happening and leaders will say, you know, I don't know if it really is possible, whatever the is is. And then they readjust. Are you seeing that happening more through this lens? I am and the answer to it is collaboration. That's when I'm recognizing as the response back. You know what, we've got to make a course correction here because it's not all about us. We can't do this one word. But let's make sure that we're partnering with our neighbor next door who's addressing the same issue but has a different aspect and look on. And so we're recognizing, are we gonna eradicate it completely? But we could make a big dent in it better together. And so that's what I'm hearing and seeing and encouraging is that space of collaboration to be able to address these missions that are like I said, big, hairy, audacious, God-sized goals. I love it. I love that because I just, I think that's a better foundation for strength. You know, that collaborative issue. Now another thing you talk to us again, ingredient three, this is a simple recipe, right? Four ingredients, yeah, not so much, but really smart goals. Talk to us about that, Wendy. So we all know what smart goals are. We know what that acronym stands for. We've gone through the process of writing them down and walking through and assessing and halfway and do it. But are they really smart? Are they relational? Are we empowering people with these, as leaders when we walk alongside and say, hey, fill this document out because we need to have it in your file and we'll talk about it at the end of the year, is that all that it is? Are they authentic or just again, something to write down because we've got, we have to? Big one, are they loyal to the mission? Like are the goals actually in a space where they're staying loyal to the mission? Or is the mission here? And we're over here with the goals. Now we're, I don't know, in charge of a committee, but does that actually stay to the space of what's best for who I am and moving forward in the mission? Are they lasting and foundational or fluff? And we know that M stands for measurable.  They have to be a measurable goal, not something that is arbitrary, because that's how we're gonna be able to work with one another and stay the course or know when there's need for a course correction. So that ingredient, so important. I'm really curious, Wendy, because you brought up the board earlier and hearing you talk about relational leadership, I'm hearing and taking on, it's more of the culture that is created and fostered within the organization. So if that's accurate, and if that's my interpretation, how are we shifting this culture to include all stakeholders, the board, the team, the internal team, I think is easier because we are with them more often. We are not, and then the next level, if you will, are the board members and then out from there. Is my interpretation accurate? Because that's really what I'm hearing and I'm loving it, by the way. Jared, you're definitely picking up what I'm putting down. And that is exactly it. You are. One of the areas that I enjoy that I don't think many of my colleagues do in for the longest time I ran from was board engagement, board development, right? We can get in that frustrating space. There are biggest volunteers or our strongest advocates, but please don't ask me to do anything more than come to this meeting. What I've recognized in this space is that we actually have to set those expectations so much earlier. It's not just about someone raising their hand and saying, yes, I'll sit on a board and come to this meeting. Well, what's their time, their talent? And yes, their treasure that they're bringing to the table and setting those expectations early to change that culture, because that's a big portion of why they are a board member is to set that cultural tone. And I think you're so right because I think what happens is when you have that misalignment, it's very easy for that board member to subtly disengage and they pull back and then they're never, your organization, they're never gonna champion that your organization, right? You know, they'll kind of row in the same direction but they won't really be a high producer. And so I love that you address that. We don't have a lot of time but I wanna make sure that we really get that final ingredient into the recipe and that's compassionate accountability. And Julia, the secret sauce, doesn't take long, we're just gonna, but you gotta have a dash of it, at least. Compassionate accountability. And it's an and both, it's not an either or. Compassionate accountability is one of those spaces of, I'm gonna empathize as a leader with you. I'm gonna get down in that hole as my friend, Renee Brown says, right?   This is hard. I'm so sorry. Let's not try to, I'm gonna try to fix it. And I'm gonna keep you accountable. In that space, I'm gonna keep you accountable to the goals that have been set and what you said that you were going to do. We're gonna do this together. As a leader, I'm gonna come alongside you and sometimes it's hand against your back, keeping you propped up and pushing you forward, but I am gonna be empathetic and keep you accountable and responsible to what you said. I didn't know what this was until a frister of mine, friend's sister, retired Navy officer, said that that's what she recognized on the other side of her time in the Navy was that that's the piece that kept her moving is when she had a leader who could see the hard and be there with her, but not let up on the fact of, there is championing that has to be there. You gotta stay accountable to the goals. We're gonna do this together. I experienced that myself and didn't have a name for it, but that's the secret sauce to the relational leadership and moving forward. That alignment space to happen is that you've gotta have a leader who's gonna do both of those things. It makes all the difference. What about teaching that to your C-suite leaders or just other leaders that you identify within the organization so that to use, to tag onto what Jared said, developing that cultural awareness within that organization that this is how we're gonna work. This is how we're gonna grow the organization. How do you do that as well? Well, you do, you do do it. And what's great for me in telling my story, I reported to the COO of the organization. We have four chief officers. So if one could bring this to the table, I made sure that I highlighted and said, this is something that has to become a part of our DNA. It has to be a part. And it can't be one of you. It's gotta be all of you. And it's gotta pour into the expectations of our board. So you speak it out when you see it. And then if you're not seeing it, now that we've put a title to it, making that real as an expectation. Also, when we're hiring new staff, right? Like when we're promoting new staff, this is something that we're looking for them to maintain as part of our culture. But when we're also looking to bring on new staff and looking for that cultural fit, it's really a litmus test too. How do they see an interpret relational leadership? And is that an alignment, alignment, alignment for the new hire and the team? I just think this has been fascinating, Wendy. So thank you for sharing your valuable time, your expertise. I feel like there are so many organizations, maybe all 1.8 million registered nonprofits that could use some of this coaching. Well, that's the hope. I really want to be able to share with as many as I can. That was the hope of why I stepped away and said, let's do this thing. Well, I appreciate it too, Jared. I think it's really a powerful thing to work with somebody who has been on the inside, who can give you that insider's view, but also at the same time be able to step back and kind of give an assessment of what that overview looks like and the magic of making some adjustments to move the organization forward. So those four ingredients, which I love, influence for excellence, mission possible, really smart goals, and then compassionate accountability is, you said, Wendy, it's that dash, it's that extra thing that gives you the chef's kiss. So you have been remarkable Wendy F. Adams, excuse me, CFRE, Cultivate for Good. Check out Wendy's site, CultivateforGood.com. There you'll be able to learn more about Wendy and her work and her approach to the nonprofit sector. And you're right, Jared, 1.8 million nonprofit organizations, they all need this type of thought process, right? You know, really, really, really powerful. In case we haven't met, I'm Julia Patrick, been joined today by the nonprofit nerd herself, Jared R. Ransom, CEO of the Raven Group. Again, as Jared mentioned at the top of the show, we are here because of the support of amazing sponsors and they include Blumerang, American nonprofit academy, nonprofit thought leader, Stepping Boutique, your part-time controller, 180 management group, fundraising academy at National University, JMT Consulting, nonprofit nerd and nonprofit tech talk. These are the folks that join us day in and day out so that we can have these amazing conversations like we've had with Wendy today. Okay, Wendy, I'm gonna keep this cookbook thing moving, the recipe, chef's hat, apron, the whole nine yards. I'm gonna keep it going, it's great. Fantastic, thanks so much, ladies. I have enjoyed it tremendously. Great. Hey, everybody, as we sign off every day, we like to leave with this message and it goes like this, to stay well so you can do well. We'll see you back here next time on the nonprofit show.


Okay, it's me again. That's where you get the slides. This is about the Kernel Self-Protection Project. I mentioned this earlier. We're protecting the kernel from user space, not user space from user space. But we are interested in all of those areas. So, you know, development is welcome even in those areas too. A lot of people are involved in this. But please help us and not anyone else you heard today. We need the help. This is mostly about bug lifetime. I've talked about this before in other presentations. Refresh the analysis. And these numbers are actually have gone down by one-tenth of a year. So we were at a solid 6.0 years on the high, medium and low. And they've slightly crept down. And this is the graph I have generated before of the lifetime of a bug when it was introduced. This is Kernel versions along the one side. When it was introduced and when it was fixed, critical and high. So the longer lines have a longer lifetime. And the concern I was having recently was that the bug lifetime that we'd seen at like five years and growing to six years, I was worried that what we were actually seeing was distance from the beginning of Git history. And as we got further away from it, the bug lifetime would continue to increase. But I saw that some of these long tails were starting to lift up out of Git history. And it looks like that is continuing. So maybe there is an actual real number somewhere in the five-year range that we're trying to protect against. Anyway, so quickly a year's worth of kernel releases. And for 14, we got a whole three of reference count conversions. There was a stall on bike shedding. We... I was surprised about bike shedding. The port of the Randstruck plug-in in automatic mode landed. We got free list pointer obfuscation. So attacking metadata in the heap is more difficult. The Struckleek plug-in got a by reference mode that I talked about earlier. We gained VMAP stack for ARM64. And then there was a large series of patches to just get rid of setFS, which has been a problematic interface for a while, along with gaining balance detection. See if we set FS out to all of kernel memory. And then we exit out of assist call without resetting it. That's a very bad bug, but that's one we've tripped over a number of times. So now we actually test for it on exit. We say, did you forget to reset the boundary? And it will come back. It will crash and come back, or whatever. Anyway, so back bike shedding is done. 35 ref count conversions, about 32 remaining. 415 was when we landed PTI and Rhett Palin. This is also where I gave myself Carpal Tunnel doing Struck Timer List removals, trying to get that refactored, since that was a source of some exploit infrastructure. And we gained the fast ref count overflow protection, which is one of the very few features we back ported to 414 for an LTS because it was really a one-line bug fix plus enabling it. All the code was already in 414. And we gained the percent P hashing, so that we have, in theory, fewer information leaks going out to logs. In 416, we had 12 reference count conversions, maybe about 20 more, gained PTI for RM64, hard and user copy gained whitelisting, which was instead of just checking the size of an allocation, when you're creating allocations, you can specify what portion of it you expect to go out to a user space. So this narrows the availability of what's getting copied out even further. And around this time was the blue-born attack, where I was horrified to discover that basically everyone building little embedded devices did not turn on Stack Protector because it sort of default off due to some limitations in tooling and other things in the config. So I managed to get an automatic mode of this working where during the build, it would try to figure out the best thing your compiler supported and use it. This has since been replaced with better tooling, but ultimately it gets us to the point where now when you build a kernel, you get the Stack Protector off and that was a long time-limited problem. In 4.17 is the start of VLA removal. So 5.1 removed in 4.17, lots of people helping with this, 80 remaining. We're wiping the stack on fork. So in the past, you would allocate memory for the stack and it could have come from anywhere and it wouldn't be initialized in any way. So if you managed to leak something immediately or at any deep location in the stack, you would have whatever used to be there and that was ridiculous because it's easy to wipe the stack on fork because that only happens once per process. As it turns out, this appears possibly to actually speed up exec. I have bad data. More fixes for our limit bypasses on exec. Map fix, no replace came in, which is yet another stack clash issue. When execging, it was possible to confuse the kernel into overlapping an executable region onto other regions that had already been mapped since map fixed is happy to replace whatever is underneath it. But map fix, no replace says, I'm not going to do that and will fail instead of leaving you in a dangerous position. This 417 also included on syscall entry, clearing unused registers on x86 as a way to avoid having registers for speculative execution gadgets, speculation gadgets of any kind so you don't leave stuff sitting around in registers that aren't actively used for the syscall entry. And we got the speculative store bypass disable protections for more speculation things on x86. 418, we got 38, VLA is removed, 42 remaining. We got some of the basic arithmetic overflow detection helpers. People have to use them explicitly, but we made sure to go through and at least try to catch as many of the allocation, allocations that are using multiplication to figure out how large their size is to have all of those use the overflow detection so we can try to kill an entire class of issues there. There's a lot more work to be done, but I know that we at least got one known one as someone was trying to report overflow issues. Their patch collided with the tree-wide changes that had come in, so it's like, okay, that's actually working. We found at least one bug there, who knows how many more there are. And then we got SSB disable on arm64. So 419, the merge window is closed so I am expecting these things to have gone in. 33 VLA's removed with nine remaining. That's been a long, long path for that one. As well as the multiplication and addition overflow helpers, we've also gained shift overflow helpers, so you can be sure that your shift actually worked correctly. The L1TF defenses went in. We're now also able to restrict creating files in temp directories or sticky writable directories. This has existed for Simlinks, and with Simlinks gone as a target for attackers to use for doing temp races, they could actually turn to just creating regular files and pipes in temp as a target. So that's now blocked if you want it. And then the unused register clearing for syscall entry on arm64 and SSB disable on arm64 for 419. And then hopefully in 420 we'll be done with VLA removal and we'll get the stack leak plug-in, as you heard about. Various soon and not so soon features we're looking at, thinking about writing patches for LTO and CFI, you heard about exclusive page frame owner, this whole list here. And same slide I had on the other one, which is we have a lot of challenges with doing upstreaming. You heard a whole presentation on that. And that's it. There's places to reach me and find KSBP and these slides. Any questions? Yes. I can. So I should have linked to it. The question was about restricting Ocreate on existing files. So if there was a file in temp that you did not own and you issue an Ocreate without O exclusive, it would overwrite it if you had the permissions to. So you could replace files out from under someone who was doing the wrong thing. Same thing for FIFOs. I know the other way around. So whoever is attempting to, yes, it is somewhat backwards. You basically don't overwrite the file that was put there by an attacker because their permissions would supersede yours. Anyway, because Ocreate would succeed because you opened it. It was already there. Because you forgot to include O exclusive in your open. So it's basically stopping the legitimate process from opening the bad file. Yes. What was it? I cannot speak to that particularly well. Sorry. Anyway, come find me afterwards. I don't want to keep people more than we're already way over. So thank you.


Now, let us start what we did in the last classes, we said what is the CDF of a random variable and then we defined what are the properties the CDF satisfies. So, we gave a statement which was if and only if that is if there is a CDF for a random variable it has to satisfy certain properties and if you come up with a function which has this property there will be an associated random variable for which this function is going to be a CDF. Now, what we are going to do today is we will build on the whatever the random variables we try to characterize some more properties of the random variable using the CDFs and another PDF that I am going to introduce in the class. So, before that so far what all the examples I gave and what all the way I defined my CDF it was for a random variable that took finite number of outcomes. So, for example, in the toyon cause it was just heads or tails which we mapped to 1 or 2 and then in the case of dice it was 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. So, like that like the outcomes was only finite. So, it is not necessary that the random variable X has to take finite outcomes it could be taking continuum of outcomes. For example, height of the population in India it could be like any value we said sometime back it be possible values are something between 2 feet to 8 feet any value is possible. So, we try to make this continuous and discrete random variable notion bit more formal today. So, we are going to say a random variable X is discrete if either it takes finite set of values or countably in 5 set of values. So, for example, let us say I have index at I, this could be simply this index at I could be simply 1, 2, 3, 4, that is then it is going to take 6 different values that random variable or it this I could be just consist of 1 or 2 in this way. In this case my random variable takes only 2 possible values X 1 and X 2 or it may happen that this I is countably infinite. For example, this I could be all possible integers positive integers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 like that and I have that many possible outcomes that my random variable can take. For example, if you want to model something let us say so number of atoms that you are going to see in some experiments I mean there could be uncountably many like there is no bound on how many atoms you could. So, you could be like indexing them 1 atom, 2 atom like that that many. So, in that but you are still able to index them and you can enumerate them. So, that is why we are going to so you understand the meaning of countably infinite right. That means basically you are able to enumerate all the possible outcomes. So, whenever it is the case that I have finite values that finite outcomes my random variable takes or it can take countably infinite set of values then we are going to call it as discrete random variables. So, in this case I know that there are only certain values that are going to take that are going to be realized when I conduct my random variable and then the probability will be only associated with these points right all the points that this outcome can take. So, any other values there will be no associated probability because that values are never going to arise. So, when we have such a discrete random variable the more interesting I mean instead of looking at directly the CDF maybe you just want to look at something called probability mass function. Where right not really because I have already said this is for all I coming from this set I right. So, if I do not have this and if I write like this then right and I need to include this, but the way earlier I have written is it is just like my xi and taking I from this. Now this means it is already including all possible values that my random variable is taking that is why this probability is already one. So that is simply taking probability of the points at which are being taken by this random variable x. So, what we are basically doing is I am going to call something probability mass function which is going to just give me probability of the points that my random variable is taking right. So, here maybe I should write I am just. So, let us say I am going to take my random my x takes only 5 outcomes. So, if I just give probability for each of the possible 5 values then I am going to take it as probability mass function and it could be like uncountably infinite also, but at each of the points if I have the corresponding probability that is going to define the probability mass function of that random variable. So, is there a relation between this probability mass function and CDF then. So, we have defined something called d of f of x, f of x right. We defined it in the last class. What did we say? So, this was like I mean we just said that this is nothing but probability that x is less than or equals to c minus x less than c. We also defined what we mean by probability that x strictly less than c right. Then do you see any relation between probability mass function and this d of f of x c? They are going to be the same right. This is just like a probability that x of c. So, what I have now expressed is I have expressed my probability mass function in terms my CDF function right. So, do you think I can express my CDF in terms of the probability mass function? How is that? So, f of x of c, how should it be? Is this correct? So, look for all the points which are less than or equals to c and just add them. So, then this will result in the cumulative probability till the point c. So, this is basically cumulation right. So, basically so, I recall that for a discrete case we had come up with one example where my CDF look like right like this value being 1. We said that this jump corresponds to let us say whatever this point let me call this as c, this jump here corresponds to that d of f of x. Now, we are exactly calling that jumps for all the points that wherever it is happening as the probability mass function and then we know that this function is nothing but the accumulation of all this point till any suppose if I take this as c. So, then if I get f of x c by accumulate all these jumps and that is what this is. So, the way I interpret so even though I have written as a summation, summation means always we are adding finitely many terms right, but in the, but here I am writing it as like y less than or equals to c. That means there are uncountably many y's as the way to interpret is all those points where all those y's where this guy has positive value, where only summing over them ok fine. So, most of the time when you have a discrete random variable maybe either you give me CDF or probability mass function they have kind of same amount of information and most of the time when we are dealing with the probability mass function we will just deal with the, whenever we are dealing with the discrete random variable we just will deal with the probability mass function. That means basically saying that you have this many discrete points that are possible outcomes. Probability mass function just tells you what is that probability that each of these points can be taken by my random variable that is it ok. Now let us move on to continuous random variable ok. So, to make this notion of CDF or what is what is ok. So, to make the notion that what is that the probability of a continuous random variable that is falling in some interval. So, let us say I am interested in finding the probability. So, what this means? Suppose, so b is some set b is some subset of my real numbers ok. Now, if x is a continuous random variable I expect like it could be taking any positive number right like it is not like it can only take some finite number or countably finite number. But now let us say this b is some interval or whatever set. Now I want to ask this question what is the probability that x belongs to that set b? Now we are going to say that or maybe let me write it in this fashion. If there exist f such that for all b which is like a subset of r. All of you understand what I mean by this? If I am able to express whatever this probability in this fashion then I am going to call my random variable x as continuous. So, ok. So, let us ponder on what we are trying to say here. Earlier we know that like if I want to find probability. So, in the discrete case when we have a like if I want to find ok what is the probability that my x takes some value you just try to add the probabilities of all the possible values that your x can potentially take right. But now there you are able to add because x only took some positive take at most like finite number of values or countably many right. But now you do not have that what it is. Now you are have to deal with x taking continuous set of values or uncountably many. So, now you have to define that through integration. So, that is where this integration is coming. And now you are saying that if there exists such a function if there exists such a f such that this holds for any b you are going to ask the question ok whether my x belongs to b for whatever b you like right. It is not like you are going to ask it for any specific b. If this holds for any b that is a subset of r then you are going to say that your x is continuous. So, do not worry this is just like a formal definition. But what we mean by continuous random variable is something that takes value in a take all continuous set of values ok. Then so for example your b could be simply a interval your random variable is continuous and so now you are going to ask the question ok what is the probability that x takes value in the interval is a b. Then what is this going to look like? This is simply going to look like integration over a b f of x dx right. This is just like area of this curve in the interval a b. So, in a way this function f has acting as a corresponding probability right, but not exactly probability in that in some sense it is trying to give us that notion here. So, if I have a continuous random variable. So, I am going to say if my random variable x is continuous if at all I can come up with such an f such that this is this is satisfied. So, now I am a further look at this. Now, suppose I had taken b to be interval here. Suppose let us say a equals to b. Then what is this? So, in this case it is going to be 0 right. Then what we are saying probability that x is equals to a right. We are saying x is equals to 0 because this integral value is 0. So, what we are saying is if x is a continuous random variable the probability that it taking a particular value is 0. It is possible that it can take value positive probability in an interval, but it taking a particular value is 0. So, that is what right like if you have if you are going to have looking at the height of the population in India like population of India is in billions right. If you are going to ask the question that what is the probability that a given a selected person is going to be exactly of height 5 feet. That may be like negligible fraction right like compared to the entire population. So, in that way this continuous random variable is capturing the notion that if this random variable taking a particular value is going to be 0. But if you are going to ask the question what is the probability that the height is going to be lie in the interval let us say 4 to 5 feet. Then maybe there is a non negligible amount of mass which will has going to have that right. So, then that case you expect this probability to be strictly positive. And you expecting like particular height value you expect that value to be very very small or maybe like negligible compared to the size of the population. Suppose now further I want to express now I want to connect this by the way we are going to call this F as CDF of sorry PDF what is PDF probability density function. And to denote that this is a PDF of an associated X we subscript this F with X. So, now I know that my CDF of my random variable is nothing but by definition this is nothing but X by C. So, let me express this in terms of this in terms of a set. If I want to express this like this what should be this B minus infinity to C right. So, then applying our definition here this is minus infinity to C suppose my random variable X is continuous already. So, if my random variable is continuous I know this definition already holds right. So, my CDF is integral of my PDF ok. So, we are just going to say that my d by dc of 2. So, this is F of fine and we just get this by differentiating both sides. Now, to get bit more intuition about why what does this function F mean fine mathematically we have defined there exists such a function which need to satisfy this property and we also said that this function F seems to be corresponding proxy for a probability in my continuous domain, but what does that actually mean? Now, suppose you want to take this probability. So, what is this probability saying? So, I want X to be between C epsilon by 2 and C minus epsilon by 2. So, I am asking my C to be sorry my X to be in this interval where this is epsilon by 2 sorry this is C plus epsilon by 2 and this is C minus epsilon by 2 ok. And now let us say I also want to now look at my in this region I want to look at like let us see how.  Now, if you are going to apply a formula here and what we are saying this is between C plus epsilon by 2 and C plus epsilon by 2 and now suppose I let epsilon shrink or epsilon become smaller. So, if I let epsilon become smaller and smaller what means this interval is shrinking right? It becomes shrinking and shrinking and if I choose epsilon small enough can I approximate this integral just F of C F C into epsilon right? So, I can approximate this as epsilon. So, first thing you notice suppose if you let epsilon become small that means we are basically asking the question X is exactly equals to C that is already going to be 0 right? If you let epsilon go to 0 that we have already observed. But now what it is saying is if you look at a small interval neighborhood of this C what this function F is telling is basically it is giving you if you this the area of that the neighborhood of this F that is actually giving you the probability that my X takes the value in that interval. So, this F is itself is not a direct proxy for F, but in a way this F is capturing the probability of this event through this. So, I assume that this is in the small interval this is like almost constant just taking the value of F of C in that small interval then this will come out then you will be left with epsilon by 2 plus epsilon by 2. So, that will give you an epsilon right in that range. So, in that case we can interpret F of C is a measure of which is variable. So, in a way if you are going to look at this curve like this if you are going to get a curve like this maybe if this value is large in a sense we can say that my random variable is maybe like likely possibly can be taking value here. But that is only when we interpret it in this fashion when we are going to take this interval very small and then look what is the probability and that probability is simply turning on to be epsilon times F of C. So, if this quantity is large this probability is also large right this F of C is large in that way F of C is a measure of how likely it is that the random variable is taking value close to C.


This morning, I'm talking to Bundy, who is running Fennecchia, and you just announced an investment in Kryptonite, a leading Swiss digital asset management firm, yesterday. Can you give us an update on that, Bundy? Sure. So Kryptonite is a company out of Switzerland. It's building a portfolio of products that are offered to social investors looking for exposure to digital assets. We've known the founder for many years, so it's been coming together of both the business model and the people involved. We've taken a minority stake because I think it enhances our business value and proposition and it helps expand our footprint for what we want to do in Europe. Fennecchia provides a regular analysis on digital currency, which we cling tenaciously to some of its older individuals trying to understand what's going on there because you're telling us you're seeing notable growth. How about you start there and give us an update? Yeah, so the market for exchange-traded funds and exchange-traded mills that are backed by digital assets grew to about 38 billion, and that's the highest it's been since May 2022. And more interestingly, the surge in the values has been about 30% greater than the surge in the actual underlying market cap of cryptocurrencies. So that indicates that the capital inflows from traditional finance and traditional investors is greater than the underlying price appreciation of those actual tokens. And that, of course, is indicative of a growing acceptance of digital assets amongst institutional investors and increased interest. Otherwise, you wouldn't see this 30% premium to the underlying asset value. A lot of that's coming on the back of what's happening in the U.S. with the BTC spot ETFs that are sort of close to being approved. I'd say there's a certain eminency around that. And it's not just one, but it's a dozen applications for spot BTC ETFs. And there's a recent one put together, put in place by BlackRock for an Ethereum spot ETF as well. So I suspect that flow of institutional interest will only increase once these products are approved. And that's what's leading to more excitement in the sector. Well, you were talking earlier on investor talk about increasing regulations. How is that progressing for increasing consumer confidence for investing in digital currencies? So in many parts of the world, the regulatory certainty has been increasing. So in Europe, you have something called MICA, the marketing and crypto assets. In the UAE, you have VARA, the virtual asset regime. And similarly, you have infrastructures of regulation being put in place in Hong Kong, in Japan, et cetera. The one place that has been somewhat amiss has been the U.S. And their regulation has been in a way through enforcement by the SEC. And that enforcement has led to discerning of whether some things are accepting or not. More often than not, the view taken by the SEC has been more restrictive of digital assets. And that's been challenged in the courts. And the outcome of some of those legal proceedings have been final certainty. And what's drawing attention towards this current trend towards Bitcoin spot ETFs is a ruling in the U.S. courts, which basically led to some of the arguments about whether or not BTC could be approved for a spot ETF. And the ruling was no, the SEC cannot block it. They have a limited time to appeal it. So I'd say that regulatory certainty is one of the things investors look for in terms of being able to deploy capital and not running the risk of an unknown outcome down the line because of a change in regulations. And that's a healthy sign. If you can get more clarity around that, then the U.S. would have followed what's happening in other parts of the world. So let's say I'm an investor and I'm going, okay, I see these notable surges in digital currency and I'd like to get on board digital currency. Do I go to Fnachia? What exactly do I do as a starting point? What would you recommend? So, you know, in this space, there's a lot of requirement for investors to look at transparency, governance, liquidity. And because of certain bad actors, people have just taken an aversion to the whole sector in general, which is not necessarily the way to go about it. It's just because Lehman Brothers' phase doesn't mean that the entire banking sector is at fault or it needs to collapse. So similarly, within this last space, you want to find participants that are well-regulated, well-governed, transparent, liquid, and that's the category we've fallen as a listed company that's listed on the CSE and based out of Vancouver. Our mission is to create underlying value. And so far as we're looking at what we talked about before, exchange-traded notes, we have plans to launch exchange-traded notes that are not only deploying the underlying tokens in buckets that allow for appreciation of value based on price movement or even some amount of yield from staking. We're looking at enhancing some of these yield-bearing products with DeFi-generated yield, that's decentralized finance, along with staking yields, which have been generally well-accepted and recognized as a fairly safe way of generating yield. Those asset allocations become much more possible through a listed instrument like an exchange- traded fund or exchange-traded note. And that's part of what we're doing at Fenecia. So, if you want to be an investor looking at, how do I get access to these products? Well, we're a great conduit for that because we're building a business that'll have exchange-traded notes in addition to holding private investments that are all, generally speaking, the portfolio is increasing in value. So, based on that strategy and based on the analysis that you put together, how do you plan on leveraging this data for the benefit of Fenecia shareholders? So, one of the things is the data gives us a lot of insights. There's 168 exchange-traded products out there. What are they doing that is different to the market and what are they doing that's keeping ahead of the market? Well, the vast majority are just holding tokens. There's nothing new they bring to the table that is off the exposure cryptocurrencies. A small minority, about 10 of them will offer some kind of yield from staking. Our innovation and differentiation lies in the fact that we can bring better yields from deployment of these coins in DeFi protocols, which is increasingly get accepted amongst institutions as a way to go. So, for us that data is, if you want to be different, you want to be better, you want to be more innovative, then our product set should reflect that. And therefore, we are making informed judgments and informed decisions about product development and taking products to market based on the data that we're getting from our constant analysis of what's out there in the market. So, would you say that, based again on your analysis, and when I read your analysis several times because I thought it was quite intriguing, would you say that the market is turning for digital currency? I'd say so because you have sort of two three things, the confidence of two three things. One, you're sort of at arguably at the end of a long bear cycle. You've seen this sort of winter in the crypto world now for over a year, so that is coming towards some kind of sunset. These things don't last forever. Is it a 12 month or an 18 month is a question or somewhere in between? Second, we have smoke signals off the exchange trader funds being approved and that's going to lead to a lot of capital inflow because large institutions as well as retail investors looking to buy into that suddenly get signals from the regulator saying this is the safe place to go after and own and you don't have to worry about the custody and you can get a tax favorable treatment by buying it through a stock broker's account. Lastly, you have Bitcoin having coming up next year and that's sort of an April next year. And what that happens typically Bitcoin, which has limited supply, it's a finite scarce restricted supply item of value and scarcity always creates a premium. In the past when Bitcoin having takes place, Bitcoin's prices risen and the expectations are on the back of Bitcoin having again next year, the price will rise, will it go two to three X where we are now? Who knows? But the predictions are generally that it's going to be north with the prices today. So the combination of the end period of a crypto winter with regulatory approvals on one of the biggest asset classes around this around Bitcoins, which is the ETFs. And of course, Bitcoin having should lead to, I'd say if I was an analyst, I would put a buy rating on Bitcoin. I look at positive signals in the market for the price going up over the next calendar year. And that's where we want to be. Well, you heard it here on Investor News. Thank you so much for the update, Bun Deep. And for everybody interested in finding out more about Fenechia and accessing your outstanding analysis, I recommend you go to their website. Thank you. Thanks so much, Tracy. Thank you.


Welcome back, and congratulations on completing all the units in small business management. In Unit 5, you looked at the many ways to fund your new business venture. Having a good understanding of basic accounting principles and the many types of business accounts will also help you be better prepared to grow your business and become an entrepreneurial success. As you now know, there are many steps you need to take to start and keep a business going. Generating ideas to turning those ideas into opportunities and creating plans, a lot of hard work is needed to achieve success. Think about the characteristics of entrepreneurs. Maybe it's for you. Maybe it isn't. But if you have the entrepreneurial spirit, it can be done. Now it's time for the final exam. Be sure to go back and look at the notes that you took throughout the course. Go back to any resources that you need a refresher on. Review the study guides. Think about the concepts that you've learned throughout this course. You can do this. Good luck, and I hope you've enjoyed this course.


What were you, yesterday you said you wanted to get some better periods out there. What were you hoping you were going to get out of today kind of? It seems like the last real practice quarters, the three practice games. We'll still have some real training game practices next week, but you're right. I mean, it shifts to the next week. We got to travel. We got to go play a game, but you're balancing two things, right?  But you're also trying to work on your own team and have some training camp days. It's good, it's good to finish a weekend like that. It says a lot about our guys' mindset. Trying to string together good practices, competitive. Again, I was really pleased. That was a really physical practice and these guys, these guys are working. Different team, different situation. Yeah, I'm not going to give away, but everybody will play. Unless they're dealing with something, they're nicked up or something. But the mindset is everybody getting ready to play. How long will it determine a couple of different factors? But we'll keep that in house. But I promise you, everybody's healthy, we'll play. That's everybody. They're healthy, they're gonna play. Well, I only asked that because you would say in June and you'd say you've been really at the start. No, I don't, but that's a management for the offseason. And guys getting ready, but we're in training camp, Mike. And so if I'm going to ask Grady Jarrett to go out there. Every man on this roster is going to go out there if they're available. How long they play, again, we're not going to give away the strategy or really, it's not a strategy, it's a preseason game, but the rhyme or reason or method. So we'll keep that in house.  And then it's just another phase and the build up to get the team prepared to play September 11th, when New Orleans comes in here.  You got a lot of guys that don't change your outside and inside. Yeah, it's a different defense out there, really, to be perfectly frank with you. There's a different mindset inside. I love the way those guys are competing inside. The outside linebackers, other than Adé, it's completely different. Adé's in year two. Inside linebacker room, completely different as well. So there's a lot of really good competition inside linebacker room. I've been really impressed with that room. Coach, I'm playing off of that. How much would improvement in the secondary benefit your front set? Well, it goes both ways, right? You could make a subjective argument. You don't have to sit there and cover forever.  So you're not covered forever. If you're in zone, depending on what you've got schemed up, or if you're in a drop eight coverage, there's a lot of different strategies behind it. But you like it to go hand in hand. I know this, the guys up front can get to the quarterback quick. It usually helps out the covered guys, but yeah. I'm usually really getting really good addressers right now. Or is that something that you have to go over? It's hard because you're doing all kinds of different drills.  They get the last shove into the quarterback. Maybe that disrupts timing. But we're asking our guys not to do that. And so, right, until we get into the quarterbacks alive, it's hard to judge a final product. You're going back and watching practice of this, right? What point for you do you say, okay, that was a sack or that's next year's role? Like how do you judge that? Yeah, and I let them know. Like, you know, Zo had a good rush the other day. He could have crumpled the guy over there and put him into the quarterback. Whether it would have gone down or the guy would have had to throw it away as he got hit, who knows. But you put that example like, hey, this is smart. He won the rush, but he's also a good teammate. And you're talking about taking somebody right to the edge and not asking him. So, I chart that as a win for Zo and the defense. Even if we completed it and everybody out here is hooting the holler, you know? And that's what's fun about football. There's so many variables and how you practice and how you grade it. I appreciate the question, but I'm not going to scheme. But he's a versatile player, different moving parts. Guys are more experienced in the system. Different things will do a lot of things a little bit different this year. So, very pleased with how he's playing, though. How long are you going to stand without announcing or sending a lot of starting offense while you play the game?  And Josh Andrews broke his hand the Wednesday, you know?  And you got to have that, obviously, you know, conventional wisdom, there is chemistry, but that's not reality in NFL. And where we're at right now, we'll take it as long as we need and be fair about it. At some point, you know, somebody will merge. But I'm not really worried about the timeline. I believe your dad was out there today watching. Would it be just to have him out here watching practice? Is that the first time he's been out here in Canberra?   My brother and him came down. Excited to see him, excited to show him where I work. I'm sure he'll have some good critiques for me. I know my older brother will. You talked about wanting to have C control and command from that offensive line. Just to tell you how, you know, they're progressing. What are your thoughts on Elijah Wilkinson in terms of what he showed? Yeah, Elijah's got some experience. You know, it's a little bit different for him playing in their left guard. So, again, there's some things you have a little leeway, but you like some of the movement, experience, the intelligence. Things happen a lot quicker right there. It's close quarters, a little different from tackle. But I feel like he's progressing well, and it'll play itself out. Yeah, QV, mobility on display today. How much does that aspect of their game allow you to open up your offense? Yeah, I mean, the thing is we're going to continue to evolve here.  My ego's not, you know, some guys have an ego and it's all about them and their system. And me, me, my, my, it's our offense. It's Atlanta Falcons. We're going to try to adapt and improve and play to the strengths of our players. And so we'll see where that goes. And every year is going to be different. Oh, jeez. Yeah. He's out there. He looks like he's doing a really good job. Yeah, I know. We try to get Felipe a lot of credit. A lot of guys would not do that.  He knows, right? But Felipe is a special guy. I mean, you saw it today for him to be able to do what he does, go in there, play multiple positions that that's rare. And I'm going to try to temper my expectations. But we'll see where it goes. It's fun to coach Felipe. You've talked about competition, some of your better competition. Yeah, some of those third base coverage guys, some of the enthusiasm of the players show with one another and getting a block or not get the block. Talk about that a little bit. This team likes each other and there's a very competitive and it's going to be competitive on those special teams units. And when you're able to, you know, some of the size and length and the youth you have, you hope that improves your coverage units. Nose of the games within games, we hope to take advantage of. So that's fun to see those guys out there competing. Pretty pleased. You know, I'm always going to push them to communicate more. I've always thought great defenses, whether you're talking about football or basketball. When guys are playing a high level, they're really good communicators. And so we're pushing as they get more experience and more confidence. Relatively pleased. After one of the plays really saw Michael Walker come up to the linebackers and really talk to them, how important is it to have that young player to really, you know, growing into and coming into his own as a leader? Yeah, it's fun to see Mike. It's come a long ways. And once we first got here, you know, the transition scheme change for him position, really a position change. And, you know, he did it in a couple of games last year and it made some plays and he's taken it and run. That's he's one of the guys where you like what you see out there with, with whether it's Mike, it's Rashawn, it's quit. Nate Lamans showing Troy's, you know, there's Dorian. I'm very pleased with that inside lineback group. But again, it's training camp expectations. We want to see it Friday night. We want to see it Monday night in Jersey. We want to see it Saturday at Mercedes Benz. We play Jacksville.


The Kraft Foods Company presents Willard Waterman as the Great Gilded Sleeve. The Great Gilded Sleeve is brought to you partially transcribed by the Kraft Foods Company. Kraft, you know, makes Philadelphia brand cream cheese, the cream cheese that's been famous for quality since 1880. Delicious creamy white Philadelphia brand is so popular it outsells all other brands of cream cheese combined. Enjoy it often. Just be sure you get genuine Philadelphia brand when you buy. Look for the Red Kraft K on the silvery package. Remember, there's only one Philadelphia brand cream cheese, and it's made by Kraft and guaranteed fresh. Well, there's considerable activity at the Great Gilded Sleeve's house tonight. The porch light is on and the mat says welcome. Still, there is an unmistakable air of tension. The occasion is the regular monthly visit of Marjorie's in-laws, Mr. Mrs. Thompson. Leroy, have you washed behind your ears? I not only washed them, I polished them. Look at them shine. Hey, good boy. You know how Mrs. Thompson always makes you stand in inspection. Yeah. Oh, was she ever in the army? I don't know. If she was, she was a sergeant. Can I dust that chain, Mrs. Gilded Sleeve? Birdie, you've dusted the living room three times. Yes, sir. But when Mrs. Thompson runs a finger over a table, she always picks up dust. That woman got hands like a vacuum cleaner. Well, every time she comes over, she always finds fault with something. Yes, sir. You wonder what you'll start tonight? I think she's covered everything. She'll be here any minute. I better run my coat so she can't pick on me. Hey, Elkie, dropped your bank book. Here. Thank you, Leroy. Hey, look what it says here. Five hundred bucks? Gosh, you have that much money in the bank? Leroy, let's not shout it from the rooftops. I've been salting it away. Yeah? Oh, it's a little saltier. I'm saving this to buy a car. I thought I'd trade in the old one and surprise the little family with a new one. You're nearly new anyway. Oh, boy, can I get down and help you pick it out? You will see. Is everything in order down here, Anki? Yeah, we're all set, Marjorie. Where's Bronco? Oh, he'll be down in a minute. He couldn't shave until I finished with the mirror. Yeah, I should bring the twins down. Well, they're asleep now. We put them in the little sewing room so we wouldn't disturb them while we dress. Yeah, I hope Mr. Thompson recognized them tonight. He's so absent-minded. Yeah, last time he thought I was one of the twins. Oh, he's a dear, even if he does get a little mixed up at times. Remember, that's how he happened to marry Mrs. Thompson? Oh, come on. Here they are, battle stations! Good evening, Leroy, not so loud. Good evening, Mr. and Mrs. Thompson. Come in. Good evening, Mr. Gildersleeve and Marjorie. How are you, dear? Hello, Mother Thompson. It's so nice to see you. Good evening, Leroy. Hi. Good evening, Mrs. Thompson. How's you coming in? Yes, but Gildersleeve, did you know your porch light is on? Yes, indeed. Are you expecting company? You, Mr. Thompson? Oh, well, I'm here. You can turn it off now. Martha's here, too. Somewhere. Martha! She just went in the parlor. Come on, we'll join her. Oh, Gildersleeve, you've grown a moustache. Mr. Thompson, I've always had a moustache. Oh, of course. Oh, it's Leroy who didn't have a moustache. Oh, brother, I'm glad I got homework to do. Well, here comes Bronco. Hello, Dad. Well, hello, son. How are you, Mother?  I almost made it. Sorry, Mother. I'm afraid that's my fault, Mother Thompson. I was using the mirror. No, I was looking for my shoes. We can't get everything into one closet up there. Oh, Mr. Gildersleeve, I don't know how you people manage here.  I've said it before and I'll say it again. She sure will. And silly, the twins came, my... Now, Mother... The twins? Oh, yes, the twins. I thought somebody was missing. Where are the grandchildren? They're up in the sewing room, Mr. Thompson. I'll bring them down later. The sewing room? Aren't they young to be sewing? They're taking a nap, Mr. Thompson. What if somebody wants to show? Well... Well, Edward, you brought up a very interesting point. I did? It seems a pity that Bronco and dear Marjorie don't have room to... to expand. Well, Mother Thompson, they've done fairly well. Twins, you know. Honestly, Mr. Gildersleeve. I got that, didn't you, Martha? Twins have very droll, Gildersleeve. Edward? Yes, Martha. It worries me that the children don't have more room. Now, Mother, we aren't too cramped. It's been very nice of Mr. Gildersleeve to share his house with us. You're glad to do it. We're really very comfortable, Mother Thompson. Oh, when I think of those darling twins cooped up in that tiny sewing room. Oh, Mrs. Thompson, it isn't as bad as you make it sound. Oh, I know how tiny it is. I stuck my head in there once. Was there room for anything else, Martha? Yes, Martha. Yes, well, what do we do this evening? The cards? Great idea, Mr. Gildersleeve. How about canasta? I'll get the decks. Wait, Bronco. Mr. Gildersleeve, I haven't finished talking. Ew, sorry. I should have realized that. Mr. Gildersleeve, when Marjorie and Bronco were first married, it was very generous of you to take them into your home. But there's no reason for you to be inconvenienced any longer. Now, Mrs. Thompson, I'm not being inconvenienced. I think you are. And now that the twins are getting more active, the logical thing to do is move the family to our house. Don't you agree, Edward? Why, yes. When can you move over, Gildersleeve? She doesn't mean me, Mr. Thompson. Naturally, I'm referring to Bronco, Marjorie and the twins. By the way, where are the twins? Oh, good heavens, Edward. Oh, yes. What do you think, Marjorie? Well, it's awfully kind of you to invite us. Nonsense. It's the only sensible thing. Don't you think so, Bronco? Why, yes. Oh, oh, Bronco. Well, Mother, as you say, we would have more room, but... Then it's all settled. Oh, my goodness. Now, Mother, it isn't settled. We'll think it over, but we just don't want to be pushed into anything. Yeah, that's right, Bronco. Let's not rush into this. Give it a lot of thought. Bronco, I'll call you tomorrow. I hope you understand, Mr. Gildersleeve, you have a lovely little home, but after all, we have a whole wing that isn't being used. She has more than one wing in the old village. Gildersleeve, you have to think of something. Fast. Come on, Mr. Gildersleeve, you're down early this morning. Yeah, I didn't sleep very well last night, Bertie. No, sir. Bertie didn't sleep good either. You didn't? No, sir. I tried counting sheep going over the fence, but all I could see was Miss Marjorie and them twins going over to Miss Thompson's. Well, it's quite a problem, Bertie. How's the coffee coming? It's ready and plenty of it. Yeah, thank you, Bertie. Mr. Gildersleeve, do you really think they'd leave here?  She made it sound pretty logical. Mr. Gildersleeve, has Miss Marjorie and Mr. Bronco ever talked to anymore about building a house? Well, they've considered it. That's taking a big step. Yes, sir. And I've been thinking about that vacant lot next door. Who? That lot's just sitting there waiting for somebody to take the big step. Yeah. Now, if they have to move somewhere, wouldn't it be nice if they could move right next door? Right, George, Bertie. I've just had a great idea. Yes, sir. You and I tried to get Marjorie and Bronco to buy that lot next door. Yes, sir. You sure did have a good idea. Of course, I'll have to be diplomatic about it. As Bronco says, the kids don't like to be pushed into things. Yeah, I'd better not even mention the lot next door. Yeah, I'll just start them thinking about building again. You're sly, Gildersleeve. Good morning, Anki. Good morning, Mr. Gildersleeve. Well, sit down, mind tree. Bronco, my boy, seems I got down a little early. No, I think we're late, Mr. Gildersleeve. Marge and I were up in our room discussing things. That's right. Mrs. Thompson gave you something to think about, didn't she? Anki, if we do move over there, you'll understand, won't you? Well, Marjorie, you have a lot of things to consider, you know? Yes, we do. Of course, it's been fine here for just Bronco and me, but we do have the twins to think about. Besides, Mr. Gildersleeve, it doesn't seem fair to crowd you all the time. Yeah, Bronco, don't think about me. Yeah, I can see that you need more room. But what happened to your plan? To build a home of your own. Oh, we're still dreaming of that. Yeah, I don't know if we can swing it. Well, might be worth looking into. There are quite a few good lots around. You might discover one right under your nose. That's possible. A lot of young couples manage to build homes somehow. Yeah, that's the spirit. If you feel you have to move, why move in with Mother Thompson? Yeah, I mean, why make a temporary arrangement?  Build. Look for the future. Oh, do you think so?  Oh, isn't he wonderful, Uncle? You bet. The more I think about it, the better I like the idea. Marge, before we make any decision, we ought to explore the possibilities. We might just be able to afford it. Yeah, the boy, nothing ventured, nothing gained. Oh, Bronco, if we could move into our own home, it would be our dream come true. It would be better than moving in with a nightmare. What'd you say, Mr. Gilder-Sleeve? Yeah, I said you might find you can make the move with money to spare. Zeef, that was close. We'll have to keep it going. Yeah, I'll work it through, Judge Hooker. He can find out who owns the lot next door. Yeah, I hope he's in. He's in, but he's dictating. Yeah, pardon me, Judge. One moment, Gilder, I'm dictating. Yeah, I know. The party of the second power, the party of the second power, the party of the second power named Bossy, jumped the party of the first part's fence and trampled his melon patch. Oh, my goodness. The old goat's defending a cow. Judge, I have to talk to you. I was just using my new dictaphone.  I prefer it to his secretary. The dictaphone isn't always getting telephone calls from boyfriends during office hours. What's on your mind this morning? Judge, I've just about talked Marjorie and Bronco into building a home. You have? Ah. So the lovebirds are going to have a nest of their own? You bet. And I want you to find out who owns the lot next door to me. Oh? You then have the best real estate salesman you know submit it to Bronco, today. I'm quite busy, Gilder. Can't you do that? Judge, you don't understand. Bronco and Marjorie don't like to be pushed into things. That's why they haven't jumped at Mother Thompson's invitation to move in with her. Oh, now I see. I'm being subtle, Judge. Will you get on it right away? You may consider it done, old friend. Great. Now let me use your phone. Help yourself. Every young couple with a growing family should have their own little sanctuary against life storms. Or be it ever so humble, there's no place like home. Quiet, Judge, please. I'm calling Mrs. Thompson. Oh. Yeah, I can't wait to toss this monkey wrench into her scheme. Hello? Hello, Mother Thompson. This is Throckmorton P. Gildersleeve. Yes, Mr. Gildersleeve. I knew you were going to call Bronco and Marjorie this morning about moving over. So before you repaper your wing, I thought I should tell you something. Oh? It seems they're going to build a home of their own. They're looking for a lock. Well, I did tell them I thought it was a good plan. Busybody. You, Mother Thompson? You, Mother Thompson? You, Mother Thompson? She hung up. Hello, Bertie? Hey. You, I'm a little anxious to see Marjorie and Bronco. Are they home yet? No, sir. Miss Marjorie phoned this afternoon and said they were talking to a real estate man. You're good. Little plan is working, Bertie. I put the best real estate man in town on their trail. Yes, sir. I wonder how Miss Thompson's going to feel when she hears this. She's heard it. I made a point to phone her this morning. So she wouldn't be after Marjorie and Bronco to move over there. Yes, sir. Mr. Gillespie, you sure are a smart man. Well, Mrs. Thompson is beginning to realize that too. Just think, Bertie, they'll be living right next door. Won't that be nice? They'll practically be living here, running in and out, twins crawling back and forth over the fence. With adjoining property, Bertie will still be one big happy family. Yes, sir. Well, Bertie, look who's here. Hello, Unkie. We had the most marvelous day. Glad to hear it, mind you. Hello, Bronco. Mr. Gilder-Sleeve, we're about to start on the big adventure. Unkie, we're about to buy a lot. Great. Why is this step you've ever taken? Right, Bertie? Yes, sir. Oh, the real estate man was so nice. He made it all seem so easy. He did? Mm-hmm. You'll be surprised when you find out where the lot is. No, no, I won't. Will I, Bertie? No, sir. Oh, yes, you will. Yeah, oh, no, I won't. I had an idea you'd settle in this lot next door. Next door? Well, a man did call us about that lot, but the price is a little steep. Yeah, I knew you'd settle... you... with a lot of you interested in. It's right across the street from the Thompson's. Zeke. I wonder who told Mother we were looking at lots this morning? Yeah, I know. And I've got a good mind to punch him right in the nose. The Great Gilda Sleeve will be back in just a minute. You've probably been enjoying delicious Philadelphia brand cream cheese many ways for a long time, but now you can enjoy creamy white Philadelphia brand cream cheese two wonderful new ways. 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Better get a pencil and paper and jot this down. For the free pamphlet of more than 20 easy recipes for filly frosting and fudge, simply write to Craft Kitchen, box 6567, Department G, Chicago 77, Illinois. For this free recipe pamphlet, the address again is Craft Kitchen, box 6567, Department G, Chicago 77, Illinois. Well, the great Gildersleeve is a man who likes to keep the family circle intact. When it appeared that Marjorie, Bronco and the twins might leave him for larger quarters at the Thompson's, he quickly sold them on the idea of buying a lot. Of course, the lot he had in mind was next door to him, but the lot they have in mind is across the street from Mrs. Thompson. Yeah, Bronco, I wouldn't buy that lot. In fact, any lot without looking into it thoroughly. Oh, we're not going off the deep end, Mr. Gildersleeve, but now that we've made up our minds, we want to move fast. Uncle, you know we'd like to stay close to you, but we can't afford the lot next door, and we're so excited about getting started. Well, I understand, Marjorie, but we'd hate to lose you. Wouldn't we, Leroy? Yeah. That's awful good lot next door, Marjorie. It's good dirt. We like it, Leroy, but it's just... Piggy, and I used to dig trenches over there. You ought to take a look. The best dirt I ever saw dug. Oh, you're sweet, Leroy. We take it in a minute, Leroy, but we can't spend all our money for a lot. We have to build a house, too. Well, actually, you'll save money next door. Piggy and I have practically dug your foundation. Leroy, they don't want a house that looks like a pretzel. Oh, that reminds me, Marge. I told Mother we'd stop by this morning. She has some ideas about the type house we should build on that lot. Yeah, I'll bet she has.  She's getting the biggest kick out of all this. Come on, Marge. We have a busy day ahead. I'm ready. We promise to let the real estate man know by this evening. Goodbye, Auntie Leroy. See you around. Bye. Yes, my boy. You're beginning to feel lonely? Yeah. Me, too. It's a blue day. Aunt, I have an idea. You know, when Marge was with us... Leroy, she's still with us. But anyway, when she was blue, she always went downtown and bought a new hat or something. Yeah, it always seemed to help. But you and I are blue. Why don't we take your $500 out of the bank and go buy the new car? No, Leroy. Sure, Ron. Can it do us good to take a ride? Leroy, I've already been taken for a ride. What can I do for you this morning? Nothing, Peavey. I just want to sit here at the fountain in a minute. My brain is tired. You don't say. I've been doing a lot of thinking. Well, the pharmacy carries rubbing alcohol for tired backs and liniment for tired muscles, but we haven't anything for tired brains. Unless you'd carry a rubble of liniment on your head. Well, thanks, Peavey.  Well, I am. I don't mind saying I feel pretty frisky this morning. Well, bully for you. I got up this morning before the alarm went off. I like to catch it napping once in a while. Yes, yes. I took my setting up exercise. I prepared breakfast for Mrs. Peavey and the parrot and got a cheery thank you in return. Yeah, I guess women appreciate that sort of thing. Well, the thank you was from the parrot. Mrs. Peavey won't talk until after her second cup of coffee. Yeah. Peavey, I think I'll have a cup of coffee. Very well. Maybe it'll help me get an idea. Peavey, Marjorie and Bronco are about to buy a lot. What's wrong with buying a lot? Nothing wrong with buying a lot. But this one was across the street from Mrs. Thompson. Man, man. I'm losing them, Peavey. They've got to figure out some way to stop them. Well, why don't you think of some way to discourage the purchase? You're the water commissioner. Why don't you flood the lot? What's this, Peavey? People are always reluctant to buy a lot if it's under water. Peavey is breaking my heart that the kids aren't buying next door to me. Why don't they? They feel the price is a little high. The real estate man said the owner wouldn't come down a penny. Too bad. You suppose it'd help any if you talked to the owner? Yeah, I don't think so. Sometimes a personal appeal is very effective. It might be worth a try. Maybe so. If you work it right, you might be able to shave off for Bronco and Marjorie. Yeah, George, I mind it that. Yeah, I'll go see him right away.  Peavey! What a hard man that a lot owner is. You wouldn't budge a penny. Hello, Bertie. Is Margie and Bronco home yet? No, sir, but we got somebody else in the parlor. You? Who? Mr. Mrs. Thompson. You, my goodness. What are they doing here? Mrs. Thompson says she wants to talk to you. Well, I'll go in. Hello, Mr. Mrs. Thompson. Well, Gildersleeve. We're seeing a lot of each other. Yes, indeed. Mr. Gildersleeve, you're late getting home. We've been waiting. Sorry, Mrs. Thompson. Didn't know you were here. Gildersleeve doesn't know everything, Martha. I'm aware of that. Mr. Gildersleeve, I came by to make a suggestion. Another one?  Since Bronco and Margie are buying a lot near us, I suggest that they move to our house immediately. But why? The children should be nearby to supervise the construction of their house. They're buying a lot to know Gildersleeve. Yes, I know. And with my experience in home-making, I can be of immense help. They can consult with me on everything. Oh, Mrs. Thompson, let's not move so fast. How do you know they bought the lot? Mr. Gildersleeve, I talked to the children this morning, and it was their intention to sign the contract today. Well, I... Oh, I know you wanted them to live next door to you, but I haven't been asleep, Mr. Gildersleeve. You just have to take your medicine. Are you sick, Gildersleeve? I don't know. Oh, well, the whole family's here. Hello, my dear. Hi, folks. Hello, children. Oh, yes. Hello. We've got great news for you. Margie and I have bought our lot. Oh? I told you so, Mr. Gildersleeve. Children, I was on the lot this afternoon, and I've decided on just the type house you should build. Uh, mother, we didn't buy the lot across from you. You didn't? No, we decided to buy this lot next door to Mr. Gildersleeve. You did? Ronco, you didn't. Now, by the top, he said he did. What's going on? Who did what? Leroy, we just bought the lot next door. Margie! Well, it was a funny thing. We can't figure it out. The man called us this afternoon and came down $500 on his price. $500? Well, imagine that. Mr. Gildersleeve? Yes, Mrs. Thompson? Did you have anything to do with this? Who? Me? Wouldn't she like to know? Great Gildersleeve will be with us again in just 30 seconds. Have you discovered the two wonderful new kinds of Philadelphia brand cream cheese? Now you can get delicately rich Philadelphia brand filled with tangy bits of fresh chives and Philadelphia brand with bits of red pimento all through it. Enjoy these new versions of Philadelphia cream cheese for a variety of easy delicious snacks and sandwiches. To get genuine Philadelphia cream cheese, make sure you see the Red Craft K on the silvery package you buy. Remember, there's only one Philadelphia brand and it's made by Craft and Guaranteed Fresh. It's been quite a day. It sure has. Yes, my boy. Pretty nice of that lot owner coming down exactly $500. Yeah, fine fellow. You know, I've been thinking about that new car we were going to get. Who? Our old car isn't in bad shape. How about it at last another year? Sure. Anyway, we won't have to drive much with Marge and Bronke living next door. Yeah, that's right. That seems to be out of cigars. How about letting me buy you one, uncle? You what? I've still got a quarter. Yeah, thank you, my boy. Dude, I'll get PB to charge you. Good night, folks. The Great Gilder Sleeve is played by Willem Waterman. The show is written by John Elliott and Andy White and is partially transcribed.  This is John Heaston saying good night for the craft foods company, makers of the famous line of craft quality food products. Be sure to listen in next Wednesday and every Wednesday for the further adventures of the Great Gilder Sleeve. You know, it takes three things to make a sandwich. The bread, then meat or cheese or egg, whatever you like best in between. And the third thing is, mmm, a touch of real mustard. For when you add a little mustard, you add a lot of tang. That is if it's crafts prepared mustard. There are two kinds, you know. Craft salad mustard, mild and delicately spiced and crafts mustard with snappy horseradish added. Have both on hand for different tastes, different uses. Remember, when you add just a little mustard, you add a lot of tang. Get crafts prepared mustard. Groucho Marx, you bet your life he's next on it.