own and learn learn right come to me all who are weary and heavy laden and I will give you rest he goes on to say take my yoke and learn from me a yoke is where you lower your neck this animal lowers their neck and their yoke is placed on this animal and now you're equally yoked and for us yes we should have been unequally yoked in the world but the reality is that we are yoked to Christ we're no longer carrying burdens on our own we have lowered our neck and we have taken his yoke and we have placed it around our necks and we're realizing this load on my back I don't have it I'm not by myself he said low on with you always so that refers to us too because we believe we believe in him and so in the household our husbands have that same thing they submit to the Lord and so as our husbands submit to the Lord and there are some women whose husbands do not submit to the Lord and it's very difficult for them to submit to a man who's not submitting to the Lord that might that man might be a professing Christian but in the household there's a different story and for many women they bounce they're out oh you're not submitting to the Lord no women we need to learn and understand we need to still submit and we need to pray for our husbands we need to encourage our husbands minister to them as well as again know the times know when to be silent that is one of the things I learned in my life is I don't always have to be the ones walking and I learned I put into practice just being quiet and that was always so hard for me to do but what I'm saying is as a single woman if you're looking to be married you have to understand that every marriage is different every home dynamic is different all of us on this panel we do not all do things the same way the way April does things may not be the way we do things because the dynamic in our home and the things we're going through here different than what she's going through and so the reality is that every single one of us who are in households going through whatever it is we're going through we are learning from the Lord we have taken his yoke he is gentle and humble and heart and so we must do the same we must follow Jesus Jesus says follow me that means we drop everything to follow after him and it's costly ladies it's a costly thing to do because it means I have to die to myself today and my husband this is what's going on today and oh my goodness Lord I'm angry and I was one that would just rip it off the mouth and everybody in the household would know I'm angry and can I make mistakes and we argue of course I just finished sharing earlier my son turns around and says mom that's sin and it's like oh my goodness you know the children are always listening so I guess my advice would be for women is to understand that your role in submitting to up to your husband if you are seeking to be married is to understand that when when things are not all wonderful and our husbands are we need to understand our roles don't try to focus so much on his this is what you're supposed to be doing you're supposed to know this you're supposed to know that no be wise counsel to your husband because we are ministers to our husband a king has ministers around him who he goes to for counsel that's what we are to our husbands my husband makes decisions sometimes he says let me talk to my wife and a lot of his friends will get on him for that and he's not asking me permission he's coming to me and saying what do you think about this idea we talk I've known my husband for 32 years we've been married for 22 years and it's always been that way with him let's talk and his friends would get on him oh you got to talk to diana I would tell his boys he ain't asking me for permission my husband could do what he needs to do I trust his judgment he comes to me because he knows that I do love the Lord I do sit at the feet of the Lord I spend time in my word so when my husband comes to me I'm ready and equipped for every good work for us women that starts in our home the good work starts when our husbands are coming to us and they're asking us questions when saying well how is this pleasing to the Lord do you think this is beneficial all things are permissible but not all things are beneficial and you're able to counsel your husband not tell him what to do but give him the advice you would hope is going to encourage him and so we become encouragers and we be we don't enable our husbands to sin we don't enable our husbands to carry on no we always bring them back to the word and focus so my advice would be know your role and sit at the feet of the great teacher who was the greatest servant leader to ever have existed he lowered himself in status never in divinity but in status he did he showed us how to lower our necks he showed us how to serve he showed us how to submit he gave us the tools Jesus says go and make disciples of all nations teaching them everything that I had commanded you uh that means that we're learning from him ladies it's not just for men the women are learning how to become servants too we're learning how to come alongside our children our children are little people they're not just oh shut up and do whatever I tell you and that's it no our children are learning from us they're learning how to communicate we don't tell them what to think but we tell them how to think and one of the ways to tell your children how to think is to say I did this wrong we raised our daughter she's 21 we didn't raise her this way we raised her the complete opposite because I was a confessing Christian but I was never converted it wasn't until later I said and so now I know now we're raising our boys differently it was like night and day but the reality is that knowing your role is important because if Jesus was a servant leader and he came to show us how to serve how to lower ourselves that's how we know love first John right we know love the way that Christ laid down his life and we lay down our lives that's not just for men that's for us too we lay down our lives so my advice would be die to self sit at the feet of Jesus choose the better portion it will not be taken from you uh Dina okay well I guess that closed us out just about now I do know it's another part of that question but I know we're kind of running into time do we have time to get you both on that last part of the question that I have regarding the women and submission I'll ask the question but just let me know if we have a few minutes because I know people want to ask us questions what do you ladies want to do should we just go straight I mean I saw a lot of questions in the chat and I want to give the subscribers we've been so patient in waiting we probably should but it's up to you we're in your segment either what do you what do you want to do sis yeah no I just um Dina pretty much answered it but I wanted to ask if you could give a brief answer both a grandma Jo and April very very briefly how um a lot of women are into their word a little bit more than their husbands and their husbands are not necessarily into the word or spiritual leadership how can you encourage that woman that's way more heavy into living for Christ than her husband is in this season well um really quickly um real real quick I said you said real quick so I was gonna say um my very first thought on that was to be not nag so basically be that person be that example and not nag so out of your actions not out of your words and then the second thing um April and I when we were talking with violet I said my husband wasn't a strong seasoned christian as I was when we got married and we were praying at the dinner table he I would squeeze his hand he would not pray he would squeeze my hand back and I prayed and I did that for five years five years and one day um I squeezed his hand and he prayed and then from there went to men's bible studies and it just grew from there and now he's a very solid christian leader in our home so quit stop the ladies let's you know let's keep it real stop the nagging stop the make a safe place for your husband let him be the king of his home let him edify him encourage him and then be the example and keep your mouth shut that's just I'm sorry that's just keeping it real here amen I'll put you back definitely don't nag right if there are children involved and you um believe that you probably a little bit ahead of him spiritually I would still defer to his leadership oh literally right let's say it's a family gathering and you like well somebody has to pray don't overstep and just assume you need to be the one to pray just be like all right kids daddy's gonna pray and just be quiet you know like you can lovingly lead him to the water but nagging never works and the second thing I would say get into a church that has strong godly men because it will rub off on him and before you know it he will be stepping up as the priest in your home and the holy spirit will impress upon him especially if he sees you doing your spiritual disciplines you don't have to say anything let your actions speak louder than your words you do right you do your spiritual disciplines but you get in a good sound church where there's good godly men who are leading and there's something that happens when men see other men doing men like things they kind of just fall in line and you don't have to do anything that's the only thing that I would say but definitely do not use surface authority right do what you do with the children when it's you and the children boom when it's you together like all right got kids daddy's gonna pray and then close your eyes by your head and just let it do what it do don't critique don't criticize just shut your mouth mouth okay on April hey you just killed that go ahead and close us out go to the comment section whatever you have to do okay that was awesome ladies right so I'm excited because this was our first time doing this and I understand we are all dealing with technology issues but I think the Lord was still honored and glorified thank you Cory for lending your channel and your audience to us on this evening what we want to do we want to address some of the comments and I'm gonna just try to find them as best as I can I saw one that I really wanted to address oh Christina says oh yes how do we approach that I have no immediate Christian circle even in Christian Facebook groups or family I guess I need to know is how do we approach what what is the preceding question because I don't want to answer it and I don't even know what I'm talking about I'm gonna see if Cory can help us out and go fish for that unless Latanya you already know you go ahead I know yeah yeah because she mentioned it she mentioned the question during my segment when I mentioned that it took a long time for me to find a Christian circle of believers that kind of were on the same page with where I am spiritually you want to first pray just continue to pray sometimes it's going to be a little bit lonely until that prayer is answered it took years for this prayer to be answered for me but do what you can during that time and just continue to pray get involved in some meet-up groups maybe on Facebook you can befriend me I'm Latanya Quinn on my personal Facebook you can start with befriending me and through you know once you befriend people they start posting things and then you see community kind of gathering around the comment sections so I'll just start with prayer right that's real good right there so I'm trying to find some more of the questions oh blessed and beautiful asks what happens if you are a member of a church that had women pastors bishops elders reverends and deacons should that person still be a member of that church um I have to be consistent I would argue that you you you listen if you think that you're going to be the lone wolf that sounds the alarm and say hey the way we're doing this is listen they're not going the Lord can change that but oftentimes you're going to end up being the one that is causing division and dissension even though you are on the side of truth what I would say in that situation have a conversation about it and nine times out of ten they're not going to hear you you need to run you need one because run if they're right if they're unwilling to submit to the scriptures in this area they can't tell you how to lead a godly home like they don't they don't they don't even submit to god's order in his house because remember it's not their church right it is the church of the living god so I me April is telling you that's not a church because it's not even under the biblical prescription of this is why I left you in creed so that you might put into order that which remained a point elders in every town as I commanded you and then he breaks down the qualifications I am sorry ladies but our gender preclude it just no we we cannot we cannot we cannot anybody else want to add into that you said it all woohoo run sissy fun no no no what do you think lady hold on they shouldn't what do you ladies think about this war who wants to go first I'm gonna save my class okay just short and sweet so I'm gonna say very I'm gonna say very lovingly let's not forget where we came from so it's easy for me to say at 63 season Christian that I do not believe that the Bethmore and the Joyce Myers and their their teaching is doctrinally sound so that's that's my interpretation of and so I would not end my life right now recommend them however when I was in my twenties and thirties I got plenty of benefit and joy out of them so God still uses people to reach us and so I have a hard time especially with a new believer telling them coming against them harshly unless God just puts that on my spirit to you know help them and to get them out of the situation but I have a hard time unless God really tells me to do that to come against them for watching or listening to a Bethmore I just be ready when you're asked and so like right now you're asking me and I'm telling you she is not somebody that I would recommend she's not somebody that I would lean pearls from right now in my life she's not somebody that I think is doctrinally sound on many many issues but again that's because God's brought me from there to here so it's really helpful to not really judge and jump on people for not being where they are now where we are now you know so God took me in that place and it took years like I said 15 on the one stretch and another 15 on the other stretch so who am I to judge I just need to be ready with an answer again be truth speak truth when I'm asked and be loving and kind and respectful and speak truth and love um I'm gonna add real quick when I in the beginning of of my walk I was always listening to people who would feed my my ego if you will be the best you and it all about me me me and I'm not saying Bethmore does that um because I don't really listen to her uh at all however I did listen to those who would you know be you're in a Deborah be your inner this no I'm gonna be Dina because I'm this is where God has me and I'm content with being Dina and so I don't need to be anyone except for who I am in him and that I ain't much so what I started to do was I started to listen to women who would speak to me about fighting the good fight about understanding that we are running a race right I want to share something really quickly with you this is from a book that I read one of the elders that I glean from she's no longer here I talk about her all the time Elizabeth Elliot because she speaks so plainly and I love it and she used to always encourage when you're reading a book always be sure to go back and read an older book so if you read a book let's say you're reading a book from a modern day author in between that book read something from a William McDonald or someone from you know back from the day and so here's this book this is walking with Jesus by Mary Winslow and this is what she says we are traveling fast and at every step are nearing our heavenly home we shall see Jesus soon oh how soon Jesus sits in the majesty of heaven waiting to welcome his pilgrims home may you be led to see unceasingly that this world is not worthy of one anxious thought it is all passing away and we shall soon stand before the great white throne we are on a race course that pulses the same thing right before he's going to die you know I have run the race and that's what we're doing so I tried to listen to women elders who are going to encourage me in the sense of it ain't about you little girl it's about running the race fighting the good fight my dad calls me that little one that's my name little one probably because I have to be told many times lower yourself little one and um we should listen to those who are going to speak to our sin nature because it's there and we have to rule over it isn't that what God told Cain sin is crouching you must rule over it and in this generation people want to hear about oh all these things listen sin is crouching you must rule over it and so I tend to gravitate more towards people who are going to talk to the sin that needs to be talked to and I want to examine my life first I I listen to plain talkers people who are going to tell me exactly what I need to hear and that is pointing me being a road marker to Jesus a road marker on the way we are on the way right then road is very narrow broad is the road to destruction and many find that road and the road the narrow road is very very few find it and a lot of people they don't want to die to themselves they want to be there in a deborah and they don't realize the judgment that was on israel so we want to be sure that we're not looking into our inner selves to be our better selves but we're looking there's no self health books there's the bible and I listen to women who teach me to die to myself and to pick up my cross and to follow Jesus and that's my encouragement to anyone on this livestream is to gravitate towards those who are going to speak to you and say sin is crouching at your door rule over it amen okay so um I didn't really add much commentary on Beth more outside of the fact that I take the same position as G majo but I'm a little bit more I am so um protective of new converts that if they ask me I am going to tell them and I'm going to tell them for the sake of their sanctification and for their souls I we will close the book and I will walk them through the scriptures as to why this person's teaching should not be trusted and that's just what I'm going to do if I see you reading it I'll be like oh no I'm snatching it like it's a dirty magazine like he's supposed to have that no I love guys people too much but put that question back right um who would you ladies like to collaborate with um you know what the only female that I can think of that I would love to collaborate with I'll do a female and male one I I am a listen I crush hard for Ali Beth Stucky who is the host of the relatable podcast if you don't know who she is Ali is the business I absolutely love her she is funny she does parodies but then she does you know serious long form content she's just an all-around like I could see you know me and Ali being homegirls even though we are the opposite ends of the spectrum I just love Ali like that so I would love to collaborate with her so that's like my female um that's like my female crush and then male content creators that I would like to collaborate with um like if I had my druthers I would uh that's a hard one I don't know Vody Bacchum or James White I don't know I don't know we'll see one of those that would be nice Dr. James White Apologists A1 hands down he's he's the goat I'll keep I'll keep my answer very simple females that I want to collaborate with would be uh April Chapman as well as the women on this panel and I'm not just saying that uh Seiko Woods as well as Corey Miner not just saying that but it's true and um that's pretty much it I'm not one of those people that that look at people like oh wow I just I just want to be a part of what they're doing it's not that serious you know we're all on this ground level right now so I just want to collaborate with every every day uh content creators I'm the same yeah I don't I I there's people I'm first of all I'm on I'm collaborating with oh sorry sorry sis no go ahead Diane I'm collaborating with um this is my first collab and I'm collaborating with um some phenomenal women and who I've been watching and I've been so encouraged and so when Corey asked me to do this I'm going to be honest my husband can attest to this I told him what am I going to offer to these ladies right they they got you know I don't feel like I have anything to offer but this has been a blessing so uh I I don't really know who I'm going to be collaborating with but who I want to be collaborating with is anyone who is standing firm on the truth and that is a range I don't care if you have two subscribers or whatever you have um if we can join together the front lines and stand firm for truth then that's who I want to collaborate with there's no partiality right I don't you know Ali Stucky is amazing so many people Alyssa Childers uh there's so many amazing women content creators so many amazing male content creators I'm just so thankful that I have interaction with all of you even in the chats those who don't have uh channels I I'm just thankful for the interaction we have so I would say uh whoever the Lord allows but there's that one specific person I think this was the I'm talking to the with the women that I would have wanted to collaborate with so I'm thankful yeah I'm in a ditto that I agree it's with everybody here you know that God has put in our path right now but how I read or understood that question would be kind of maybe one of those untouchables that we might not have a link to is kind of what I took it as so for me that would be Alyssa Childers um I would love absolutely love to uh collaborate with her and then the for a male person that's kind of one of those untouchables is Mike Winger I know it's probably sounds crazy to you guys but I just think he's he's kind and he's thoughtful and he's firm and he's he just loves the truth and so I would just love to collaborate with him sometimes so those would be my two people that what I would consider I don't have access to that's who I would love to have a connection made for all right that's good ladies tips for raising a rebellious teenager slash professing christian I'll be brief so I might uh oldest just be turned 14 and by God's grace he has not shown any signs of rebellion however you know I I have no idea what that's going to look like in a few years but my kids get that gospel work often okay meaning they hear the gospel from their mom in all of its fullness with the love of God along with his wrath like I don't leave any part out they have known from a very early age that they were born in sin and shaped in iniquity and that they can't ride on mommy and daddy's coattails and so in those teenage years I get it um I'm a firm believer that because God is sovereign and salvation is of the Lord I cannot manipulate my children into the kingdom my heart's desire is that they would see their need for savior repent place their faith in christ alone um but I'm only going to be held accountable for the put it like this when I stand before the judgment seat one thing the sovereign god of the universe will not be able to say is that I did not point them to christ and live that out before them despite being a fallen son of adam did not live that before them and so if you're dealing with a situation where you have a rebellious team and they profess to be christ I would send them and walk them through the scripture hey um you profess Jesus but um I don't see no fruit in keeping with repentance you bring scripture to bear they're old enough to understand I'd be like listen I'm not saying that you don't love Jesus but right here it says like those who love him keep his commandment you don't even honor me like you out here disrespected me and I don't care that you bigoted me I'm gonna give you this work I'm gonna drive that foolishness right up out of you with this rod of correction right and then I'm gonna we gonna rub and hug and we gonna rock but you're gonna get the scriptures and um you will learn to obey because as long as you live in this house that's what the scriptures teach um and so yes I would question their profession and and have that conversation with them I hear I know you said the prayer and you said the words but it sounds like there has not been a heart change and we need to talk about what might be happening here son or daughter are you giving mental assent to the fact or do you believe Christ actually did a work in your heart because I don't want to try to manipulate them into doing what's called behavior modification like as long as they're in front of me they're doing all the right things but in secret they know who they are before righteous and holy god so I would counsel strongly to keep giving your children the gospel have those conversations with them and don't be afraid to talk about who you were before christ you ain't this squeaky clean jesus like that is no you was a rich undone and sometimes we tend to want to paint this picture that we just been walking with the lord and we don't sin like my four-year-old asked me mom did you have a lot of boyfriends before you and dad got married and I was clutching my pearls like I didn't have pearls on that day but I was clutching them because I was like why are you asking me that but I have to use it as a conversation to talk about what the descriptions teach yes your mother was rebellious she was living for herself she did not love god she did not love his word my heart was not contrite before him and so yes your mama has some boyfriends before your daddy but look what happened look what jesus did for me I recognized my need for a savior I recognize that his scriptures teach that there is nothing nothing good at the end of that road but heartache pain diseases and then that led into a whole another conversation so now he's like what you mean diseases like from boyfriends and it was a rabbit trail right I opened the door but I had to walk through it and bring scripture to bear so that's what I would say don't be afraid to confront that teenager with the scriptures and then get the elders involved sometimes I know I'm being long winded but I got to get this out sometimes we want to isolate our picture perfect lives and say this is just us four and no more and we don't rely on our Christian community and those people who we fellowship every week we don't even tell them what's going on because we don't want nobody to think that you know outside of the street ain't a little messy and you know it's messy don't front if your child is cutting the fool talk to your elders and be like listen I don't know where I dropped the ball but uh Tamika she out here wilding out and if you don't snatch her up I might be in jail have that conversation I want to just echo one thing on that is don't forget the family especially especially if you have a Christian network as a family we have a Christian community and I can't tell you already the number of times that it hasn't been do you want me to call your uncle Michael um or you know aunt Jen comes in over when with her sister or another sister for another sister or they say you know uh okay grandma Jo could you go have lunch with you know XYZ because this is happening so we have a strong Christian community so yes the elders I'm gonna I'm gonna say amen to everything April said but don't underestimate if you have a Christian family dynamic but sometimes having it spoken by someone else in the family and speak truth into that also just carries a lot of weight and comes and just solidifies your authority and your word in that situation so don't be afraid to use grandma's aunts uncle or have are sharing the same faith and and just to piggyback amen many people at least I know oh um many were raised with the uh don't tell anyone what goes on like what goes on in this house stays in this house a lot of people were raised on that oh what goes on here stays here as Christians it cannot be so we must be able to expose things and I was so used to that what goes on in the house and so it was like everything's a secret and quiet and you have to realize your children need to be able to speak and sometimes they can't talk to their parents because they're kids and so they need a community of people that they can talk to it's important for them to be able to express themselves and to say how they're feeling and you're giving your children the gospel and then telling them suppressing them don't talk to anybody about what goes on then what do you have to hide that you are living a certain way you don't want people to know we live before the Lord and so that's also amongst each other so I would say if you're used to that what goes on in the house stays in the house as a Christian we have to understand that it's no longer that way and that was something I myself had to learn which is why I wanted to speak on it excellent excellent advice okay let me hurry up and piggyback on that just looking at it from a different perspective just going back to when I was a teenager or people in my life such as like my sister that went through this with her her child my niece what I would say is check your sin bank make sure that you are walking as righteously as you possibly can any unrepentant sin in your own life because sometimes God will use that child's behavior to get your attention to keep you on your knees to keep you before his throne so I would just say make sure that you're checking your life before the Lord if you're excellent excellent and okay so we have is there another female youtube channel that you ladies admire absolutely I mean we got barian babes is in the house um I've cammed up with her um I'm trying to think uh Melissa daughter daughter tea um I love her channel I've already mentioned Ali Beth Stucky um female female youtubers oh y'all help us to style I'm running out who else is there out there in the interweb I like uh I like Doreen Virtue's channel as well she's very heavy on discernment as well as the ones that April just mentioned that's good that's good can you think of anyone else um Dina or G. Mongeau you hit them all pretty no I think I think we said a lot of them a little go ahead Dina you basically said them all I just want to say no you're okay I do feel that there's a great lacking which is why I just so appreciate Corey um just allowing us this platform because as there's so many males I I do have to say that there are a lot and and you know they're leaders and that's good but that this little niche of women speaking truth to especially to other women um it it's sorely needed even iron sharpening iron even in women's bible studies I'm finding it difficult to find seasoned christian women that won't put on the baby gloves that will just keep it real let's talk truth you know call me out like I love how Dina said that I want someone who's going to tell me not bandwagon me I want someone who's going to tell me well you were off base on that or let's talk about that are you okay because you came across a little short the other day or whatever that looks like or here's a verse and I'm saying this is what I think and they go grandma not so much you know maybe let's let's call me backstage let's talk about this and I really love and need that and especially in my season in life right now and there's just not a lot of them out there so amen to hold on I don't know what I was thinking I do have one um I'm sorry the biblical wife podcast actually this is my home girl it's just I don't know how I forgot Keisha Robinson Moore is the biblical wife podcast now she is a new youtuber but listen when I talk about she's gonna get you right if you want training in wife them if that's a word Keisha is your girl Keisha's unique in the sense that not only she um is um she was a divorced woman of three and then remarried again and so she can speak to what it's like to be a single mother a divorced woman a reborn wife I mean she's got kids in different segments of life I'm talking about grown adults and then she got a three year old like Keisha's you're all around um she's like you're all around been there done that but she's gonna give you grace but a whole lot of truth and so yes the biblical wife podcast with Keisha Robinson Moore definitely hit my girl uh I apologize for that I think I'm I'm just getting old but I don't know how okay that's my one more rebecca rebecca barrett I think is her name she's another one that I found that's just solid rebecca I think it's barrett is her is her channel and she is just talking about her days and being a a christian woman and how she comes against this whole idea that you can't that you are not supposed to submit to men she just says hogwash she's really down to earth you might check her out as well awesome awesome do we have any other questions what do you mean by oh yes please hit that up for us dina what do you mean by being a daughter daughter of seara sorry um so when I when I now I'll try to be brief when I was first married my mom had told me she gave me this book and I didn't read it and basically it's uh from first peter three six and we are daughters of sarah submitting to our husband the sarah then calling her husband lord and we are not fearful a lot of times we miss that part being a daughter of sarah is not being fearful if we are truly abiding in christ then fear should not govern us and we've seen a lot just this last two years how fear has governed a lot of people a lot of people who claim to be christian became very fearful and to be a daughter of sarah is to understand number one our role before the lord we are daughters of god of course we are daughters of the almighty adopted into the family of christ but when peter's referencing this he's talking about our role as a wife our role as women in the household and even single women who have not become you know who are not married yet this goes back to learning our roles and learning what being a true daughter of sarah is when abraham heard the good news the book of hebrus tells us that many died in faith not having received the promise but seeing it from far off when abraham was told this abraham believed and so this counted to him as righteousness that is if we i mean sarah was married to abraham so if we're children of faith that women were daughters of sarah and so we look to the example given in scripture um you know when we say you don't want to adapt who these women are we're saying they were sarah with sarah and esther was esther and ruth was ruth however how did they love the lord how did they submit to their husbands if they were married what was going on and how can we take their examples and apply it to our life because we're told in scripture that we are not to just read but we are to be doers of god's word we're supposed to apply god's word to our life and so to become a daughter of sarah is to simply say this message that our patriarchs and matriarchs heard in the old testament of the promised messiah who is coming we're living in a time in a dispensation in a generation where we believe that jesus came we believe the testimony right it be hoofed christ to suffer and to rise from the dead and on third day on the third day and that repentance and remission of sins is preached in his name among all nations beginning at Jerusalem and what ye are witnesses of these things so being a daughter of sarah means we're trusting the witness accounts we're trusting what we've read we're believing it and now we're walking in it and we're applying this to our life and so my heart's desire especially on my channel is to redirect the women especially women in this world where they feel like i'm a boss woman i'm a boss woman i get that you want to be successful and you want to do all these things but in my personal experience to be a real boss is to submit to the authority of the scripture and to become a daughter of sarah a daughter of faith is basically what it means if you believe what you've read and you proclaim that you are a christian then live it out and living it out means being a daughter of faith and so i'm not saying we're daughters of sarah like we're daughters of the king but the reference even peter referenced it we're not fearful of anything we do not allow anxieties to overtake us we are women who say you know what my husband's got this i'm gonna come alongside him i'm a daughter of faith and my faith is what i stand firm in stand firm on and i'm grounded in the faith so that's what i mean when i say becoming a daughter of sarah and that's the theory that i'm going to be continuing i started the series sharing my testimony of how i was the opposite of that and now i've come to understand my role as a woman and i am so joyful and so excited to get other sisters excited about being daughters of faith daughters of sarah amen amen that's good stuff amen i need last question uh in 10 years what whoa why would you ask me that what will you be known for okay i'll keep it brief in 10 years to be honest i want i want the lord to be pleased with me i want to be known as a woman who loved god and who shared her faith willingly and boldly and courageously with the world i want to be known as someone who was committed to making disciples i want to be known as someone who loved her husband until she did this just i love that man okay you have no i will fight you over that man okay yes that may not be the most godly thing to be known for but i can't say enough about godly families and godly marriages and how important it is for us to be a testimony to a with a viewing and watching world so in 10 years yes i want people to be like she love her boo like i love my children and that um i want to be found faithful shepherding and discipling them um but more importantly that i was willing to risk it all for the cause of christ so i guess i'll step in i don't know in 10 years that would did y'all hear any of that because i think i'm frozen i heard you i did okay so real real quick in 10 years that's going to make me just about 73 so i hope i'm known for living the faith not by what i said but what i did how i acted towards my husband how i acted towards my children how i spoke um how i treated other people what what i put first in my life and then how did i repent how did i show mercy grace um when i failed you know what does that look like that i have to be not perfect and yet still so so incredibly loved by god and that i can live that out and share that so in 10 years that's what i want to be known for i want to be known that i lived it out not what i said it's kind of what i did hey man sister well for me i want to be known as the woman that finally got it the woman that really understands that the principles of this living word really work when you obey them you know leaving a trail of uh work on youtube on the website leaving my footprint of obedience not just where you could see it but behind the scenes where i'm before the lord repenting of my sins and making sure that i am not bringing any shame to his name so i want to be known in 10 years as that woman that actually got it the word of the living god is alive and it's active and it's sharper than any two-way sword and it really pierces even to the dividing a thunder of soul and spirit into the joint and marrow and is a discerner of the thoughts and intense of the heart i want to be that chick that finally got it amen i'm getting emotional here um i'm sorry i'm sorry i want to be um i want to be remembered by how i loved it took a long time for me to understand what love was and i just want to be remembered as someone who proclaimed the truth and i cry because i think about how thankful i am for people like even though she's gone i still listen to her messages and her teachings and i speak so highly of her because she's always been so plain with how she talks and i love so deeply that sometimes i could sound like i'm harsh but it's just because i love so much and i've just you know earlier we asked about our children and my oldest i feel like i failed her because i didn't come to understand these things too much later and i want my daughter in 10 years to know that i loved her and that i proclaimed the truth to her because i loved her and i want to be known as someone who fought the good fight and who finished the race and that's what i want to be known for in ten years i want my children to be able to say mommy fought the good fight i don't care why everyone else thinks of me just want them to remember that the words that i spoke you know sometimes it could sound like a stepford superficial like praise the lord hallelujah lord of god that's my life i love jesus i love him and he is my everything and so when i speak i can't help but want to proclaim his truth and that is my true heart it's not anything else but the fact that i love him and so in ten years i want my oldest daughter to be saved and to say mommy fought the good fight she ran the race she finished it and i want my children to continue and be the next generation in a world that's called good evil and evil good i want my children to stand firm in the faith to remember that this world is continuing to go downhill but we stand firm we proclaim a herald truth we are preachers of righteousness and that's what i want to be remembered for that i was a preacher of righteousness not a pastor but you know what i'm saying mic up can you all hear me yes and i don't know what i did some kind of way i put all of you out let me bring you all back on this scene uh because i want to say something real quick before i let you all go there's one there's two there's three and then miss ma'am uh who in 10 years her husband needs to get her a better connection it's april listen you all did a wonderful job you all did an excellent job uh the only the only thing that was wrong about this was that there was just not enough space to bring more ladies on and so we'll do more of this by the way guys we'll do this more uh in the uh in the future we'll do it with with men where i'll step off because i told you that at some point in time um i won't do this youtube channel uh there'll be other faces other names on here because here's the thing god gave you a voice and god gave you testimony the voice is to talk about the testimony of him in that and so you see dine and getting choked up um and you hear the heart uh you hear uh latanya talking about um her life and what listen you can't find 10 people in one city that's going to walk away where she walked away from and so you guys have a history uh in the world and you have a history of god bringing you through and so i don't care if you all feel intimidated if you all feel like you know maybe you don't have enough to share you do uh if if you don't think that god has or you have anything useful to share uh then think again if you don't have anything useful to share then god will just simply take you out of this world but the mere fact that you're here is because god wants to use you as a testimony as a like to someone else maybe it's for for a thousand more subscribers a hundred thousand more subscribers who knows or maybe for just one person one lady one man now by the way that being said uh some of you guys who don't know the scriptures as well as you think you do who think that there was some sort of violation by you all sitting here listening to a woman um speak i've got something for you monday you all have given me a new video for monday and i want you guys to listen up because some of these ladies put you to shame tonight some of you some of these ladies put you guys ashamed thinking that and here's here's the issue before and i don't want to get too far off on my on my uh my rant but part of the problem with a lot of men is that uh yeah no one is advocating for women to be pastors but some of you guys are bothered because some of these ladies matter of fact all of these ladies may know more about the scriptures than you and so that bothers you but we're going to have a have a real deep discussion about the role of women in front of men and it'll be biblical and if you if you want to add me come on i was going to pull back a little bit on on on some of the confrontation but on this uh i'm your man on monday so it'll be live if you want to come up or what have you to borrow to borrow the term now uh then we can have their conversation but what these ladies did tonight was without question biblical godly and needed we just need more of it and so unfortunately we can't have 20 other ladies on here but we'll try to more so in the uh in the future other men as well and so i want to thank you ladies for being on here i want to thank you for the time how long has it been what three hours and 30 minutes uh yeah because we never go over three hours on on this channel so uh and i'm joking we do so i want to thank you all uh diana don't come on the channel again crying no more we forbid that no i'm kidding but um this was wonderful this was wonderful um i've been sitting here listening to you guys watching the game as well and then also trying to uh do my little tech stuff but y'all um i think you nailed it i think you crushed it so i want to thank you i want to dismiss myself and give it back to you guys again but i just want to say how blessed i was to have you here and looking at the chats how blessed they were as well so um you all figure out how you're going to dismiss yourselves and so forth um i see wait a second wait a second somebody uh y'all know this anybody know this guy where is he at anybody know this guy right here i don't know what i listen i don't know he that's what that is yeah this guy must be a heretic or something okay all right it must be one of your uh is that your baby uh diana where's the moderator when you need her anyway let me get my baby but let me go on and get out of here but uh but ladies thank you again i'll let you all dismiss yourself but i just wanted to say that y'all have a y'all have a blessed night and take us out because i've been told that i'm blurry and my camera looks fine um so the tanya did you want to dismiss us or g my joe i don't know can y'all hear me okay yes i'm i'm a pastor i'm a pastor to g my joe um for for this one i think she she deserves it she's you know go ahead grandma joe well again i just want to thank you to quarry um thank all of you all the people in in the chat that have been so gracious uh but above all we want to name the name of of god he's gonna make me cry of our lord and our father king of kings and lord of lords and so to him be the glory and all of this for all of us and all of you again praise god glorify his name and may he be may he really look favorably on all that we say all that we do and all that we think in our life and on this media platform let's be mindful of that i love you all good night


So good morning everybody. Now that the days are finally getting colder in this chilly November month There's only one thing on my mind and that's Easter now this Easter I'm gonna be making one of my favorite egg dishes the ultimate cheesy egg bowls now I chose this dish because it's quick and easy to make with total prep time and cook time being less than 30 minutes It's budget-friendly with the total cost being under $1 in 27 cents per serving It's packed full of vitamins and nutrients with only 75 calories per serving and they're just extremely delicious Now I love cooking with eggs because they're so versatile They can have the starring role like in my dish They could be the magic ingredient that gives you plays or fluff eggs can be scrambled fried poached and boiled And they can be also be used to thicken bind glaze or garnish Now eggs are also packed full of vitamins and nutrients one egg has only 75 calories, but seven grams of high-quality protein Eggs contain iron, potassium, calcium, and are one of the only naturally occurring sources of vitamin D Alright, so now on to our dish now I went ahead and just pre-made our puff pastry by taking the store-bought puff pastry and flattening it out I then took a large cookie cutter and cut out four circles in the dough Then I took a smaller cookie cutter and made little indentations in the center of that dough Then I just took a fork and poked three four coals in the center of that circle And then I popped them in the oven for about eight minutes at 400 degrees All right, so after your puff pastries are done cooking you're just gonna remove it from the oven and with a spoon You're just gonna press down in the center of that dough to create sort of like a bowl shape Now you're gonna want to make sure the sides of the bowl are completely level so that when you crack your egg It won't spill out and mess up your pan now For this dish, I'm gonna be using four us grade double-a eggs Now when grating eggs both the interior and exterior quality is measured Interior grading is measured by a process called candling Which is basically where you take an egg and hold it up to a strong light source to check the inner contents of that egg Now interior grading is determined by the size of the air sac the quality of the albumen and yolk And if there are any meat or blood spots present inside that egg Now exterior grading is determined by the quality of the shell as Indicated by the cracks stains or irregular shapes that may be on that shell They are then labeled as grade double a grade a and grade b eggs Now grade double a eggs are nearly perfect with the egg whites being thick and firm and the yolks are free from any defect Now grade a eggs are just a slightly lower in Interior quality than grade double a eggs So just little tiny meat or blood spots could be present inside that egg or the air sac is just a little bit misshapen Now grade b eggs are noticeably different and they are not allowed to be sold in supermarkets And they're instead sent off to breaker plants where they are made into commercially powdered egg products Now eggs are then labeled by size for the purpose of sales now size is based on weight per dozen and And based on weight eggs are labeled as pee we small medium large extra large and jumbo Okay, so I'm going to demonstrate how to properly crack an egg now So what you're going to want to do is take a bowl Take an egg and then take the back of a butter knife and lightly tap in the center of that egg Going almost all the way around and then you're just going to stick your fingers in there and Crack the egg now to discard of the shells You're going to scoop up one half of the shell with the other and then just dispose Now if I was in a regular kitchen setting, I would be using soap and water to wash my hands But since I'm here, I'm just going to be using some hand sanitizer Okay, so after you've cracked your egg what you're going to do is just pour it into your cup Making sure it doesn't spill on your pan. All right, so then you're just going to discard your bowls And yep So after that you're just going to add cheese and you're just going to sprinkle a little bit on there But you could use whatever kind you like Just a little bit in there and then you're just going to add salt and pepper to taste So if your eggs drip out accidentally drip out of their pastry That's completely fine because they're going to go through a process called coagulation once they go in the oven Which means they're just going to become a solid substance when heated and then you could just scrape it off before serving now Speaking of coagulation, I find the functional properties of eggs to be extremely fascinating Like in my dish coagulation eggs change from a liquid state to a more solid statement heating an Aeration a whisked air bubble traps an egg to give it a light and fluffy texture Now emulsification allows for the mixing of ingredients that don't normally go together like oil and water or mayonnaise Now the coloring of an egg can contribute to its the color of baked goods through a chemical called xanthophil Which can be found in the yolk of the egg now eggs themselves possess a mild bland flavor But with the assist of flavor release from other ingredients in a formulation This allows an egg to have the fluffy and creamy texture. We've all come to love now eggs Especially the egg whites can be used to clarify or make various Fluid products clear an example of this can include broth or wine So now that our eggs are nicely in their cup This is a good time to talk about food safety when cooking with any food in its raw form It is very very important that you wash your hands and sanitize your work surfaces often You never want to reuse utensils or bowls that you use for raw eggs without properly washing and sanitizing them first by doing this You prevent cross-contamination which can cause you to become ill All right Speaking of egg safety There's some certain guidelines we need to follow when pairing egg and egg related dishes now You always want to cook whole eggs until the egg white and egg yolk are completely firm You want to cook egg containing dishes to an internal temperature of 160 degrees Fahrenheit You want to cook scrambled eggs till there's no liquid remaining You never want to leave eggs or egg containing dishes at room temperature for longer than an hour You want to hold cold egg dishes at a temperature above below 40 degrees Fahrenheit And you want to hold hot egg dishes at a temperature above 140 degrees Fahrenheit All right, so now that our eggs have finished cooking you're just going to remove them from the oven and place them on a serving tray And here is mine Now this is a great dish to serve straight out of the oven You could always prepare it ahead of time and store in an airtight container for up to a month Now speaking of storing egg storage is very very important and you always want to know how you store your eggs Now raw eggs should be stored in their original carton Which helps protect the eggs and it prevents eggs from absorbing the odor and flavor of any surrounding food that may be in the fridge You also want to make sure that the best by date is always visible to guarantee freshness and Eggs should also be stored in the body of the refrigerator and never the door. This helps keep the eggs keep a consistent and cool temperature Now in closing I'm going to be talking about the United States poultry industry now per capita consumption as of May 2018 was about 76.3 eggs now that's about five eggs eaten a day and 35 eggs eaten a week now over 92 billion eggs have been produced in the United States in only 2017 alone and as of October 1st 2018 the average flock size of laying hens in the United States was about 325 million Now, Iowa is also the leading state in egg production caring for nearly 55 million laying hens and producing nearly 16 billion eggs per year All right, and finally our finished product the ultimate cheesy egg bowl. I hope you enjoy I want to thank you for the opportunity to share my dish in my love of eggs with you Now did the judges have any questions? Are there any hormones in egg production unless you're talking about the normal Hormones that they produce naturally then there are not any used in their feed or anything like that Thank you


Do you hear that Amazon is going to start putting commercials in their movies? Goodie. Because Bezos isn't making enough. Yeah. Josh! Hey, welcome back to our Stupid Directs of Corbin. I'm not Jeff Bezos. Yeah. You can follow us on Instagram, Twitter, for our juicy content. The thing I do is support some Patreon, follow us on Twitter, like, button. Today we've got a new trailer. I believe it's a demo trailer. It's for the film called The Road. Ah. Yes. The Road. Starring Trisha. Been there? I've been to The Road. Yeah. Starring Trisha. I believe it is. Here, let me double check here. The Road. Not to be confused with The Chode. I walk a lonely road. The only one that I have ever known. What you're looking for, Corbin Miles? I'm looking for the INDB The Road. Nope, not that one. Trisha. Talk amongst yourselves. Sorry. Maybe toss that cold cup of chai or cha on the microwave for 45 seconds, come on back with your biscuits. I'm just trying to see what we've seen her in, if we've seen it. Oh, she's in Leo. We haven't seen that, obviously, but she's an actress. That's a bit personal. She's in Leo. She was in PS1 and PS2. We don't need to know those details. Do you recognize her? I recognize her. She was in PS1 and PS2. She's been in a lot of things. 96. I'm just trying to get a gauge for where we're going. She wrote Hey Jude? Yes, exactly. I thought that was Paul McCartney. So we've seen her in a few things, but this is called The Road. Which is not to be confused with The Chode. Okay, you already made that joke. I did? Yes. Well, she was like five seconds ago. I did? Yes. Wow, I didn't know that. It's directed by Arun Vasigaram. This looks like it's his director or a debut. Sweet. So, let's just start this shiznat. Am I right? Yes, Corbin. You're right. Shiznat. That's what the kids are saying these days. They're saying that? Shiznat. They're also saying The Chode. I knew a guy named, his last name was Chode. His first name was Ben. Here we go. No, you didn't. Paging Mr. Chode. Mr. Pinch. Oh, nice quote. Not to be confused with, shut up, The Chode. I definitely recognize him from PS2. In that NH44, in a particular zone, there has been a lot of accidents. Inspired by a true story. This is something much bigger than I expected. Nice. It's good. Nice trailer. It reminded me of, and maybe it's just because it's stuff that happens on the road, is Anushka Sharma's NH10. I don't know if you remember that film. I do remember that film. Yeah, she was great in that. The story looks different, but it was stuff. Or tillage. There's an accident happening over and over that Amir Khan is investigating that's happening on the road. Well, it's the accident that happens. It's more comparable to that. But it also felt, I mean, we just watched his Sujro Goshe's thing. It felt like a Sujro Goshe-type thriller, even maybe a little smackings of some horror taste in there, too. Well, there's probably, I'm guessing, horrible stuff happens, not only murder, but maybe like... Yeah, but it said two epochs. What's epoch? Eras. Times. So something has happened on that road. For a long time. That's similar, I think. And they're connected somehow over time. It's very intriguing, to say the least. Very intriguing. Yeah, and I recognize her immediately from actually PS1 and PS2. Yeah, me too. Can immediately, I can see her in her... Oh, it has royal garb. I thought I saw somebody else, somebody I recognized, but I thought it was Vikram for a second. It wasn't. Sam C.S., though.  Okay. Yeah. It actually sounded like Vikram Vedda. Yeah. Whatever voice it is. I love it so much. Yep. So it's not surprising. It looked cool. It looked intense. Yep. And it looks like something that might be, I don't know if it's going to be a fun watch, but it may be an intriguing, intense watch. Yeah. Keep you on the edge of your seat. Wonder who what's really going on. Everything we've seen of her. She's a very good actress. Yep. So if there's... Concur. Obviously, please, if there's stuff of hers that we haven't seen yet, obviously that we should, please let us know. We get a lot of recommendations not of her after we saw Mavidan of director stuff and the actors stuff, like a doctor and something else from the director as well. Mavidan. Oh, great. That people really like and have recommended as well. But it looked intense. Yeah. It looked like it could be a good film. It's, I don't believe, because I believe NH10 was based off true events as well. I thought it was as well. And I don't think it's NH10 remake because even though it's similar. No, I felt very different. I think the story is different. There's more elements to our story than just... Why do they call them NH? National Highway? Probably the same way as, you know, rural roads in Texas are. See those all the time or FMs, farm to market roads. I'm sure it's a similar kind of abbreviation. NH National Highway. Probably. Probably what that means. I think that's as good a guess as any. What's the other thing in front of NH10? I-10? International? Interstate. Interstate. Yeah, Interstate-10. And those are the horizontal ones. Yeah, they're the ones that they go in between states. They can be North and South as well. No, I think those are called something different on purpose. No, the numbers are different North and South versus East and West. The odds and the evens. That's definitely different. But they're so called Interstate. Yeah, if it crosses a state boundary, like the 10 is the biggest one. That goes across the whole Southern part of the U.S. But if you can take, for example, if you're driving, say, from New York down to Florida, you can take one Interstate to do that. Or you can go into Oklahoma from Texas on one. I-10, you can go from San Antonio right into LA. Yep. You can take I-10 into Houston. So anyway. Yeah, looks good. Let us know what you thought about it. If you're excited, some other stuff from the actress that we need to see. Obviously places to know what it should be down below.


Welcome back to this course on nanostructured materials, synthesis, properties, self-assembly and applications. We are in the module 4 and today is the lecture 6 of module 4 and we will be starting series of three lectures on magnetic properties of nanostructured materials. So, today will be the first lecture of the three part magnetic properties of nanostructured materials. So, what are magnetic properties due to? So, when you apply a magnetic field, what happens to the properties of the material? Now, we before we go to the magnetic properties of nanostructured materials, we need to know the magnetic dipoles. So, like electric dipoles, you have magnetic dipoles and these dipoles normally we represent as north and south. Sometimes we write plus and minus, but more so in electric dipole moment we use plus and minus whereas, for magnetic dipole moments we normally use north and south and these lines show you the magnetic lines of forces in the presence of a magnet. So, something which is a magnetic dipole can be represented as a bar magnet, where the lines of force move from the north pole to the south pole and in magnetism there is no magnetic monopole. You can have an electric charge as a plus or a minus charge separately. However, in magnetism there is no existence of a magnetic monopole. You will always have a north and south together in whichever magnetic system you discuss. So, that is the difference between magnetic dipoles and electric dipoles and these field lines, if they are in this form if you bring in two magnetic dipoles close together that means, you have a magnetic dipole here with the north and south and you have another magnetic dipole at north and south. Then they will attract if the north and south face together because the lines of force can follow in a continuous path whereas, if you have the two north poles together then there is repulsion between these two dipoles and the lines of force will look somewhat like this. So, you can have an attraction or an attractive force between two magnetic dipoles or repulsive force between two magnetic dipoles and these lines of force tell you about the magnetic field around these magnetic dipoles. Now, the concept of the magnetic field was first introduced by Michael Faraday the well known scientist is known for many things including several things in chemistry, in physics and more so for the laws of electromagnetic induction. So, Michael Faraday introduced the concept of field and as shown here any magnet will have a magnetic field as represented by lines distributed all over the surrounding space and these can be experimentally verified and these lines of force can be seen as well as measured by different experimental tools. Now, if you bring in a charge near a magnetic field then that charge will feel as if an external force is acting on it and that external force is because of the magnetic field. So, a magnetic field will exert a force on any other charge which is moving near it and the magnetic field vector is normally represented as b and there are several other type of symbols associated with magnetism we will see some of these symbols soon. So, the magnetic force felt by a charge which is a charge q which is moving with a velocity v in the presence of a magnetic field b the force is given by this equation that is the cross product and if you want to calculate if the direction of the movement of the charge that is the vector of the velocity and the magnetic field vector if they make an angle theta between them then the force will be given by this expression where theta is the angle between the v vector and the capital B vector that is the vector in which the charge is moving in the direction in which the charge is moving and the direction of the applied magnetic field and the cross product will give you this or the vector product will give you this and you can calculate the force influence by the magnetic field on the moving charge. So, what we are doing is kind of recollecting some basic principles of magnetic field and how particles or charges will particles having charges will be affected by magnetic fields. So, today's lecture more or less will deal with things which are related to the basic concepts of magnetism that is application of magnetic field to different systems. Now, as we are looking into the basics of the magnetism and effect of magnetism on different particles some units are need to be understood because the units in magnetism create lot of confusion and so it is good to go over the units which we use in discussing magnetism, magnetization, magnetic fields etcetera. So, the force is given by this equation and the quantity of force is in newtons and if charge is in coulombs and velocity is in meters per second and B the magnetic field is in Tesla the capital T Tesla named after Nikolai Tesla a very famous scientist and so then one newton becomes equal to one coulomb multiplied by meters per second multiplied by Tesla and this can be also represented as one Tesla is equal to one newton per coulomb per meter multiplied by second and since coulomb per second that is charge per time charge per unit time is current and coulomb per second will give you amperes. So, finally, one Tesla of magnetic field is actually equal to one newton per ampere meter. So, this is an in SI units and you can change them to CGS units, but it is better to use SI units. So, that it is easy to for you to follow the various units. Now, of course, another very common unit of magnetic field other than Tesla is the Gauss named after famous mathematician Gauss and one Gauss is a very small quantity whereas one Tesla is a very big quantity. So, one Gauss is 1 by 10,000 times of Tesla or one Tesla is 10,000 Gauss. So, that is what is written here one Tesla is 10,000 Gauss and many of the Tesla is actually the SI unit and is given here. So, these are some of the quantities on the left you see these are quantities of magnetic field magnetic field induction B and then magnetization and magnetic movement. So, these are different quantities given in the SI unit or the MKS unit and it is also given in CGS units and the conversions are sometimes not very simple and you need to understand the what are the differences in the two systems of unit. Of course, there are tables and books available where these conversions are given and. So, for example, let us look at one or two important conversions here this is if you look at magnetic field and that is related to permeability of free space mu naught multiplied by the magnetic field strength and m is the magnetization and this is given in Tesla. Now, if you convert this in the CGS unit then this becomes h plus 4 pi m and now this is given in Gauss. So, here B will be in Gauss and the equation is h plus 4 pi m. However, here it is mu naught h plus m. So, these kind of differences will occur when you are using SI unit or CGS units and one has to be careful which units one is using. Similarly, if you look at another equation where mu that is you are talking of mu here is the magnetic moment is related to 1 plus chi m where chi m is the magnetic susceptibility and this is related to mu naught into 1 plus chi m can be transformed to 1 plus 4 pi chi m. So, this kind of differences in the equations can occur and one has to be careful. So, there are many other differences between SI units and CGS units in magnetism and one has to be very clear about them. Now, considering different types of magnetism when you have a solid and you have magnetic dipoles. Now, these dipoles can be arranged in a solid in particular manner or they can be in total disorder. Now, depending on the type of arrangement of these magnetic dipoles or whether they are disordered you will get some net magnetization. So, when you apply a magnetic field to a set of dipoles they will behave differently depending on what kind of strength of the magnetic field is what kind of solid is whether the magnetic dipoles are arranged at regular intervals in distance along only one axis or along two axis or all the three axis because a solid will have three dimensions. So, what are the different directions in which the dipoles are arranged? Now, all these factors give you give rise to a variety of arranged order of magnetization and hence there are large number of types of magnetization possible in different solids. So, let us look at some of the types of magnetism for example, if you have a diamagnetism what does it mean? It means that the susceptibility which we just discussed the susceptibility is nothing, but when you have the magnetization which is divided by the applied magnetic field then you get susceptibility and the quantity is called chi m. So, chi m if m is the mass in grams then it is mass susceptibility, but you can also calculate molar susceptibility with then the formula will have chi capital M which is molar for one mole what is the magnetic susceptibility. So, magnetic susceptibility is basically when you have a magnetization and you divide that magnetization with the applied field then you get magnetic susceptibility. So, more or less magnetic susceptibility is proportional to the magnetization. So, this is what you have to remember and if the magnetic susceptibility or magnetization is very small and slightly negative then we call it diamagnetism and normally it is more or less constant with temperature it does not very much with temperature and this diamagnetism is actually caused by the electrons in the field shells of the various atoms formed in the solid. So, in these systems the atoms have no magnetic movement, but the diamagnetism is because of the electrons which are in the field shell and the value of diamagnetism is very small. So, you can see the value of diamagnetism is of the order of 10 to the power minus 6 where for gold and copper and this is very small compared to other cases where there is ferromagnetism or ferrimagnetism etcetera. So, diamagnetism the magnetization hardly changes with magnetic field the very small negative magnetization and there is hardly any there is you cannot see any magnetic dipole. So, there is no magnetic movement on the atoms. So, this small diamagnetism is due to the electrons in the inner shells and it is negative and it is very small of the order of 10 to the power minus 6. In paramagnetism it is the other way it is small, but it is positive in this case there are dipoles as you are seeing on the atoms, but they are all arranged in different orders. So, it is randomly oriented and hence when you apply a field then they start aligning and so the magnetization increases as a function of magnetic field. For 0 magnetic field they are all disordered as you increase the magnetic field the value will increase and you can see these values are positive, but not very large for these metals. Now, in ferromagnetism what happens is a large value and positive is a function applied field and it is dependent on the microstructure and in this case you see all the atoms have parallel aligned magnetic moments they are all aligned in the presence of a magnetic field. So, when you apply a magnetic field it goes to some value and becomes constant and that is the maximum you can get when all the moments are aligned in one direction and so it is a large value and that is ferromagnetism all of them align together and the value as you can see is nearly 10 to the power 5. So, it is 11 orders of magnitude higher than diamagnetism or simple paramagnetism. In antiferromagnetism it is small and positive because the dipoles are all arranged opposite to each other. So, it may be close to 0 but it is normally small and it means normally positive and as you apply a magnetic field it tends to increase slightly. So, this value is again very small you see 10 to the power minus 6, but it is positive and the moments here are aligned opposite to each other in alternate positions. In ferromagnetism it is not exactly these moments are not exactly canceling you can see some are large moments some are small moments and so they have a positive large number and so it is a say around 3 which is 6 orders of magnitude higher than diamagnetism and paramagnetism but it is again nearly 5 orders of magnitude smaller than ferromagnetism. So, you can have large number of such magnetic order in different solids and the magnetization is different or the susceptibility is different and so you can kind of understand the type of solid you have by understanding the plots between magnetization and field which are varying with different type of ordering of the solids. Now, these are some of the important relations one must understand. So, you have this the magnetic field or which you have applied that is H and B is the magnetic flux which is going in. So, here what we said is that in this case one is B and one is H. So, magnetic flux intensity that is how much magnetic field is going through the sample will depend whether it is paramagnetic or diamagnetic and H is the applied magnetic field here. So, the same equation is coming here where you have B is equal to mu H where mu is the permeability actually it should be permeability which is normally written as permittivity in dielectrics and in magnetization it should be permeability and mu naught is the permeability of free space when there is no material, but something like vacuum then what is the permeability or that is mu naught and it has a constant value and m is the magnetization and sky is the magnetic susceptibility and is given by m by H and then the B the magnetic flux density which is going through the solid is related to these equations and ultimately you can write mu naught is equal in multiplied by 1 plus sky is equal to mu and if you take the ratio of mu and mu naught that is mu is in the presence of the material and mu naught is the permeability of free space. If you take that ratio that comes out to be 1 plus sky and that is called relative permeability. So, these equations are used whenever you want to understand the relations between applied magnetic field and the magnetic field which is induced. So, the magnetic flux density tells you about how easy it is or how permeable the material is to the applied magnetic field. Now, the three different types of materials which are of importance are ferromagnetism, ferrimagnetism and antiferromagnetism. So, we already discussed in the table that ferromagnetism has aligned magnetic moments it has a large value of the magnet magnetization and the susceptibility and this magnetization is the maximum that it can reach at some particular field and then it does not change and that maximum magnetization is attained when all the moments are aligned in the direction of the magnetic field. The antiferromagnetism is when the moments are opposite to each other. So, ferromagnetism moments are aligned together, antiferromagnetism the moments are opposite to each other. In ferrimagnetism it is like antiferromagnetism except that the magnitude of the moment in one direction is much more than the magnitude of the moment in the other direction. Hence, in this case they nearly cancel their effective moment is nearly 0, but in this case the effective moment can be much larger than this case. So, this is ferrimagnetism this is antiferromagnetism in ferromagnetism all the moments are aligned and this happens when the material is below a certain temperature. This alignment of the moment happens below a certain temperature called T c for ferromagnetism and ferrimagnetism this T c is called the curie temperature and for antiferromagnetism where they order antiferromagnetically below a certain temperature that temperature is called the nil temperature. Curie temperature and nil temperature both named after scientists and curie temperature is in magnetism is given to ferromagnetism or ferromagnetism at the temperature at which below which this order exists this ordering of the magnetic dipoles. And for antiferromagnets when the ordering exists that below all these three above their curie temperature or nil temperature in this case above that temperature they will be paramagnets and they will have disordered moments like this only below a certain temperature these moments will get aligned like this. So, the behavior of a paramagnet is as you change the temperature you lower the temperature the moment will increase slightly because these moments will start aligning with the field. But when it comes to a temperature where all the moments align then you will see a sudden increase in the magnetization. So, that is what you see in a ferromagnet as you are decreasing the temperature as you are going in this direction the magnetization or the susceptibility is increasing as it should for a paramagnet. But at a particular point which is called T c. So, this temperature on this axis if you mark then the temperature corresponding to this point is the curie temperature. And the temperature after below this temperature if you cool the sample further that means you lower the temperature then the magnetization increases much sharply and that is why that compound is ferromagnetic. And this is a signature of a ferromagnetic transition. So, here it is paramagnetic this is the curie point or the T c is the on this axis you can find the temperature which corresponds to T c and this is the magnetization enhancement below the ordering temperature. A typical paramagnet will increase its magnetization or its susceptibility continuously without any sharp change in the chi value. The chi value is a magnetic susceptibility and normally we plot chi as e m u per mole that is electromagnetic units per mole and you can convert it to s i units etcetera.  So, this will certainly increase, but the sharp point is not there in the paramagnetic substance. In the antiferromagnetic substance the behavior of the paramagnetism is there till this temperature which is this temperature will be called the nil temperature corresponding to the sudden change in the magnetic susceptibility. And this sudden change in the magnetic susceptibility below this temperature is due to the ordering of the dipoles in such a manner that they are opposing each other. So, when they exactly oppose each other that happens below T n and that is why this temperature is called the nil point or and this temperature is called the nil temperature. And then the magnetization will go down because more you lower the temperature more and more magnetic dipoles will start aligning opposite to each other and that will cause a lowering of the magnetization or a lowering of the magnetic susceptibility. So, this plot more or less explains the three different types of important magnetic ordering one is paramagnet of course, the disordered system and the two ordering which is ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism. Now, in all these ferromagnets there are magnetic domains that means if you have particles they will have small regions within these particles where magnetic the magnetic moments will be aligned within the particle. So, within one particle there can be several domains. So, suppose this is one particle, but there are so many different domains in small domains the magnetic vectors are aligned because it is a ferromagnet it should be aligned, but they are not aligned in the neighboring domains. Now, this normally happens in the absence of magnetic field for a ferromagnet in a ferromagnet ideally all the vectors should be aligned only when you apply a magnetic field which is called magnetic polling that you first time when you apply a magnetic field to a material which is ferromagnet these domains which are having net magnetic moment in different directions will now all get aligned because of the presence of the magnetic field in this direction. So, the magnetic field is in the direction and all the magnetic moments in different domains get aligned in the different in the direction of the magnetic field and that is why you see the change in the magnetic moment as a function of magnetic field in even in a ferromagnet. So, in a ferromagnet although the definition of ferromagnet is even in the absence of a magnetic field you should see magnetization and sometimes you do not see that because the moments in these gray in these domains cancel each other. So, although they are aligned among themselves within a domain, but different domains cancel the net magnetization and in that case the value of the magnetic moment that you will expect for the ferromagnet you will not get that you will get a much lower magnetic moment and that the then if you apply the magnetic field then suddenly your magnetization will increase and you will get that value which you expect for all the magnetic moments aligned in the same direction and even if you remove the field then also you should get a magnetic moment not like in this case. So, once you apply a magnetic field and you pull the magnet that means all the domains have the dipole the magnetic moment in the same direction then even if you remove the magnetic field you will still have this alignment of the various domains unless the domains move and that is called the domain wall movement. So, what you see here are these lines we call them as domain walls because this is one domain and this is another domain and if you have to go from here to here then these domain walls have to move. So, the entire domain has to move to align in this direction. So, this domain wall movement is done when you apply the magnetic field and once you apply the magnetic field then this has a stability and a lower energy and it remains like that unless you apply some other force or give some energy to move these domains. So, magnetic domains are present in ferromagnets the local magnetic field in each domain is ferromagnetic the local interaction between the magnetic dipoles is ferromagnetic and that means they are aligned with each other, but the domains neighboring domains are not aligned with each other. But in the presence of the magnetic field they get aligned and this needs to be done only once and if you remove the magnetic field you should get back you should retain the magnetization due to this ordered magnetic domains. Now, this example of magnetic domain which is a schematic this we have drawn by ourselves this is not an experimentally determined structure the way we have drawn these arrows, but experimentally you can see those domains by doing what we called Kerr microscopy where you apply a field and the in the presence of a magnetic field the there is a light which is shun on the material and the light is rotated the plane of polarization and the intensity also changes and from those changes of the light being reflected from the magnetic material you can find out the different domains, because different domains will have different magnetization and they will rotate the incoming beam which will be reflected differently and so the from that you can identify the different domains. So, this is a magnetic domain structure of a magnet it is a neodymium iron boride and it is an important magnet used in several applications where you can see these domains as if they are different and these light and in these domains these large grains you can see small stripes kind of things and those stripes are actually the domains. So, these are like grains and in these grains you can see these dark and light stripes and that is because of the difference in the magnetization and the difference in the magnetization is reflected in the rotation of the plane of polarized light by this magnetic surface and this is called the curve effect in the presence of a magnetic field. Now, there are different directions of magnetizations why these dipoles align along particular directions that is due to the magnetic anisotropy it is the energy required for the magnetic dipoles to align along certain directions in a crystal in a magnetic solid is different for different directions. So, there are directions which require less energy so that will be the easy direction or preferred direction of magnetization there will be directions in which if the magnetic dipole has to align it has to spend lot of energy then those are difficult regions. So, there are easy directions of magnetization and there are difficult directions where more energy has to be given for the dipole magnetic dipoles to align and hence this is called magnetic anisotropy. So, the magnetic anisotropy basically tells you about which that there are directions in which magnetization can be easily aligned and there are directions in which magnetization will not be aligned the magnetic vectors will not be aligned easily and these domains actually tell you that these domains are parallel to the easy direction of magnetization. So, that this curve microscopy is very important in understanding magnetic domain structure and it makes our picture of magnetic domains important and it tells us that what we are drawing here is what is happening in the real solid and this is a very good technique to understand magnetic domains magnetic domain wall movement how does a domain wall move if you apply certain energy and these kind of things are very important. So, in a solid for example, suppose you take as a solid here which is like a cuboid and suppose there is an axis along this axis there is it is easy to align the magnetic vector then this will be the axis of preferred direction of magnetization. Now, there will be a large magnetostatic energy if you want to reorient these dipoles because this dipole this magnetic dipole would like to align in this direction now sometimes there is random alignment of these dipoles and although there are preferred crystallographic axis where the magnetic movement should be present, but there can be random alignment of domains and the reason the domain structures actually form is to minimize the field of the magnetic material or to minimize the magnetostatic energy. So, if you have a large magnetic movement you will have a large magnetostatic energy to rotate this if you want, but if you break it into domains. So, instead of one entire domain if you break it into two domains or four domains then you see that this magnetic field lines can be easily formed by this circulation of the magnetic field vectors as shown here. So, the domains are basically formed to lower the magnetostatic energy if you do not form these kind of domains then you will have a lot of energy for the magnetic lines of force to be present that is if you want to turn the magnetic movement in a different direction. In this case you see it is easier because you have one magnetic dipole here and you have one magnetic dipole here. However, you still do not have any dipole on this side. So, this is a much better situation where you have got these four domains where the magnetic vectors are aligned to form a closed loop. So, this tells us that the formation of domains is necessitated to lower the magnetostatic energy in these magnets. So, the orientation of magnetization in each of the domain will be determined by the magnetostatic energy as we mentioned, but it will also be determined by many other factors. They are the crystalline anisotropy that means in some solids the one of the directions you may have some energy because there are certain atoms along this direction and there are different atoms in these directions that kind of forces between these atoms in the crystal structure may be different from the kinds of forces in this direction. This difference in the energy in the crystal lattice will be different along different axis and that is called the crystal anisotropy that means there are the crystal is not uniform is not isotropic in all directions and this will again make it different the for the orientation of the magnetization. So, how the magnetic moments will be oriented will be determined how easy it will be to get to the minimum crystal anisotropy satisfied that means the according to the crystal structure according to the anisotropy of the crystal what makes it minimum energy to align the magnetic moments to lower this change in the crystal anisotropy is important. So, the magnetostatic energy the crystal anisotropy and domain wall energy the domain wall energy is suppose is the energy required for this domain domain 1 and domain 2 to move. So, there will be a difference to move this domain wall which is created by the interface of the two domains which have differently oriented magnetic vectors. So, these here there are four domains because you have four different orientations of the net magnetic vectors inside these domains and among each of them there is a interface and that is called the domain wall. So, the domain walls will have some energy what is this energy between these two domains or these two domains may be different and so the domain wall energy is again one point of importance. So, the magnetostatic energy the crystal anisotropy the domain wall energy all these three things will be of importance ultimately for the magnetic domains to form. So, what kind of magnetic domains ultimately result depends on these three different factors and that can be studied as we discussed by the Kerr microscopy where you can identify the type of magnetic domains that you have and it will be different for different materials. For example, N D F E B shows this kind of magnetic domains some other material which shows some other kind of magnetic domain which will have because it will may it will have a different crystal anisotropy and it may have a different magnetostatic energy. So, that will enable or because of these factors you may have different types of domain walls and domain wall energy. Now, here is an example of a 180 degrees domain wall or we also called the block wall these are different types of domain walls are there this is example we are showing here is called a 180 degree block wall because on one side of that block wall you have got magnetic vectors along a certain direction. So, in this domain which is domain one you have the magnetic vectors along this direction in the second domain you have the magnetic vectors 180 degrees to this magnetic vector. So, domain one and domain two have magnetic vectors which are different by 180 degrees hence this wall which separates domain one and domain two is called a 180 degree block wall or 180 degree domain wall. Now, you can have orientation of different type of vectors in this domain wall. So, within this domain wall you will have these change in the direction of the magnetic vector in this fashion because on one end of the domain wall you have the magnetic vector in this pointing downwards on the other side of the domain wall the magnetic vector is pointing upwards. So, in between the domain wall which may have certain thickness and typically in this case is a example of cobalt cobalt metal the domain walls are a 60 nanometer thick that means this is of 60 nanometer thickness which is approximately equal to 250 atoms. And so within this 60 nanometers or within this 250 atoms the magnetization changes gradually its direction such that it rotates the 180 degrees within this 60 nanometers. So, you will find the vectors undergoing a change in a gradient gradual fashion rotating from this direction to the upside direction throughout through this 60 meter 60 nanometer thickness. So, this d d w is the thickness of the domain wall or the domain wall gap if you may say and generally this n this distance can be something like 40 angstroms to 40,000 angstroms so 10,000 angstroms. So, in general for metals like cobalt this d d w is around 60 nanometers and which is approximately 250 atoms. So, over at 250 atoms the magnetic vector is changing gradually and finally attains the direction which is present in the second wall a second domain. So, this is one example of a 180 degree block wall domain, but there can be different types of domain walls where these two may be aligned at 60 degrees or 90 degrees. So, there can be different types of domain walls or block walls in different systems. Now, the curve effect which I just mentioned earlier that you can by curve effect you can find out by using the magnetic curve effect the domain walls and domain wall motion etcetera. Let us look at what is this curve effect now in general curve effect is a change in the refractive index of a material when you apply a electric field there is a simple curve effect it is a electro optic effect there is no magnetic effect in that you are applying an electric field and you are looking at the change in the refractive index. So, it is a electro optic effect which is the standard curve effect whereas, a magneto optic curve effect which is in short form called M O K E or MOC. In that light reflects from a can be of two types actually the magneto optic curve effect either you look at the light reflected from a magnetized material which is also like called the Faraday effect where the plane of polarized light of the transmitted light is rotated. So, in the magneto optical curve effect you look at the light which comes back from the material that is scattered or reflected from the material and this light is has a different plane of polarization the incoming light which falls on the material has some plane of polarization and the light reflected by the magnetic material has a different plane of polarization and the intensity can also be different. So, that is the magneto optic curve effect or MOC effect whereas, the Faraday effect is when you look at the plane of polarization of transmitted light that is rotated. So, the magneto optic curve effect is similar to the Faraday effect, but it is different because we are looking at the reflected light from the magnetized material not the transmitted light. When you look at the transmitted light that is called the Faraday effect when you look at the reflected light in the presence of magnetic field then you are looking at the magneto optical curve effect which is the MOC effect. So, you can understand that effect here better in this diagram. So, you have this in the magneto optic curve effect you have this incident beam this is magnetized surface and this incident beam then reflects this light. Now, if you look study this reflected light then you will see that the reflected light may have a different intensity and it is plane of polarization will be different than the incident beam. So, if you compare with the incident beam this reflected beam it may have a different plane of polarization and a different intensity and that is how you map the domains or domain walls within the magnetized material. So, this is basically the magneto optic curve effect the Faraday effect you will take the beam which passes through. So, the transmitted beam and you look at the transmitted beam whether it has undergone any change in the plane of polarization or whether there is any change in the intensity of the light which is being transmitted that is passing through the material. In this case the light is not passing through the material it is being reflected back and you are looking at the reflected light and looking at its intensity and also looking at its plane of polarization. Once you have information of the plane of polarization of the reflected light from different parts of the magnetic surface then you can draw a map and that map is what tells you shows you the magnetic domains and that is exactly the plot you get as shown you earlier in this picture and that similarly you can get the magneto optic curve effect from many other magnetic domains. So, this is a very important technique for all kinds of magnetic materials to study especially when they are ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic that means they have magnetic domains or they have they are anti ferromagnetic. So, you must have domains with some order and these domains should not be very easy to move that means at room temperature the domain wall should not be moving then you would not get that domain structure unless you cool down the temperature. So, your k t should not be higher than the domain wall energy that means the movement of the domains should not be possible at the room temperature. So, in that case then you will have to cool the sample and then look whether there is this ordered array of magnetic vectors within these domains. So, magneto optic curve effect is very important to look at these kinds of materials. So, this is a picture of the domain structure using magneto optic curve effect. So, here it is much more clearer than the other picture as you see. So, you can see different types of domain structure. So, these are some domains here you can see across the interface and these are some type of domains here these are some different types of domains. So, you can get these kind of patterns using the magneto optical curve effect where you can see exactly where the domain magnetic domains are organized. So, today we have so far looked at all the basics of magnetization and what kind of ordering can happen and how this ordering happens even in the absence of magnetic field because of the domains being present in this magnetic materials and how one can experimentally observe these magnetic domains using magneto optic curve effect. And these different types of magnetization how they will be changing when you reduce the particle to the nano dimension that will be our interest in the next two lectures. Now, these effects you will one can see in nano structured materials and what changes will occur to a ferromagnetic material if you decrease its particle size to the nano dimension. What will happen to the decrease of an anti ferromagnetic particle when its size becomes in the nano dimension. So, these are things which we will look into the next two lectures in this module 4. So, thank you very much.