you guys. My name is Brittany and welcome back to my YouTube channel. You guys, in today's video, I'm going to finally share a do a week with us of the IEW Structure and Style Level 1A. So you guys, if any of you are new here to my channel, I'm Brittany. I'm a homeschooling mom to three girls and I'm in my third year of homeschool. I have a fifth grader. I have a pre-care and I have a two year old that's kind of like just in the mix. So you guys, I'm so excited about today's video because I don't think I seen another video on YouTube where a parent has gone in-depth showing how a full week of IEW actually works the full process and how it's really implemented in like our homeschools. So in today's video, I'm going to share with you how I utilize IEW Structure and Style Level 1A. I'm going to show you how easy it is to incorporate it in your homeschool, especially since the writing pressure and instruction is really taken off of me as a parent because my daughter is actually watching all of the video lessons through Andrew Pudawal. It is really giving her the confidence as a writer to build up her skills and it's giving me the confidence as mom to really help me guide her along in her writing instruction. You guys, especially since writing is not like my strong suit. So you guys, I'm going to stop rambling and I'm going to take you guys along with me as we show you how we do a week of IEW Structure and Style. Okay, you guys, before we actually get into the week of IEW, I kind of just want to show you where we're at and the specific checklist that we are going to be doing each day for this week of IEW. So for IEW, we are actually on week 10, which the keyword outlines is going to be on desert reptiles. So our goal for this week is for Brielle to practice the unit four structure model where she's going to be practicing summarizing references. She's going to be writing a keyword outline. She's going to be learning new vocabulary. The vocabulary word she's going to be learning is nocturnal, hibernate, and pit viper. And she's also going to be writing a three paragraph paper about desert reptiles. So this right here is actually my guide that is going to break down what we're going to be doing for day one, two, three, and day four and five. So I'm going to go ahead and show you guys the source text that we're going to be using this week, which is going to be the sand viper source text. She's going to be using this rattlesnake source text and then the gray monitor source text. And at the end of the week, it actually has my composition checklist, which I'm going to be using as parent to grade her writing and make sure that she is able to follow along with all of the styles that Andrew Pudawa is going to be teaching this week in the video lessons. So you guys, let's go ahead and get into IEW day one. Okay, you guys, we are actually about to start off our IEW week. We are on IEW week number 10, day number one. So Brielle has to start off by watching the video by Andrew Pudawa. So we already looked at the video for week 10. And today's video is about 43 minutes long, which is pretty long. However, she is, you know, in upper elementary, she does have the stamina to watch a longer video. So she is going to watch this video. She's going to start off on her keyword outline. And I am going to run back downstairs with my two younger ones and work a little bit with them one on one while Brielle is doing her IEW. So let me go ahead and go. And we are going to show you guys day one of IEW week 10. At the end of day one, this is Brielle's keyword outline that she did. And then this is her source text that she highlighted from watching the video with Andrew Pudawa. So Brielle, what did you learn today? I learned about the Sahara sandpaper. No, about the structure and style of writing. What did he talk about? In the uniform. Yeah, what did he talk about? He talked more about reports and how to use important and interesting facts and to only outline, to only underline six facts and to use a clincher sentence. And your clincher sentence. Okay. So you guys, this actually completes day one of the structure and style. So we'll see you guys tomorrow. Okay, you guys, it is day two of IEW week number 10. So we are going to be watching part two of the video. And Brielle is going to be finishing her keyword outline. So how many minutes this video was? So in total, this video was 55 minutes. So she's starting at the minutes of 43. So she's only going to be watching a video today for only 10 minutes. And then the rest of the time, she's working on her keyword outline. So today is probably going to be the shortest day for IEW for her. And then the next two days, you're going to just watch Brielle work on her paper for the IEW week that she had to do. And this week again, let me see what were their styles she was learning again. She's going to be doing hoo witch claws and topic clinchers. Or what is it called again, Brie? Topic sentence and clincher sentences is what she's going to be working on. So I'm going to go ahead and let Brielle watch her video and finish up her keyword outline. And again, I'm going to go downstairs and work with my younger two. Okay, you guys, Brielle is all done with day number two for our checklist for week number 10. So in day number two, we had to finish watching the video and she had to write two keyword outlines, which you saw her already do.  So here is the part that has her source text. So these are the two source text or the source tech that she used from yesterday. And this is the source text that she used today, these final two that she made her keyword outline. So I'm going to go into working progress. And this has her keyword outline that she is going to be using to write her own paragraphs. And I believe this week, she's going to be writing three paragraphs. This is her keyword outlines from yesterday. We will see you guys back tomorrow when Brielle starts her first rough draft of her composition for the desert reptiles. Okay, you guys, we are actually on IEW day number three, where Brielle is getting the opportunity to start her rough draft of her IEW paper. The two papers you see in front of Brielle is her L.Y. app verb list and her band verbs that she can't use in her paper. You guys, I really enjoy watching this process of Brielle actually writing her papers because I typically don't see this process because I allow her the space in our home school room to really focus on her writing. I try my best not to interrupt while she is getting all of her thoughts out on paper that is so important to me in my home school. So you guys, one of the most common questions I get about IEW is how long Brielle actually works on writing each day. And at this level, Brielle is working on her IEW writing anywhere between 30 and 45 minutes long each day. The longer days are definitely the earlier days where she is watching the video, but days like this, she typically will sit in the home school room for about maybe 30 minutes to work on her paper and to go ahead and type her rough draft. So after Brielle types her rough draft, she is done for today and we will check her paper the next day. Okay, you guys, we are actually on IEW week 10, day number four. So it kind of was a wonky week for us last week. So it's now Monday and we're just finishing off week 10 of IEW, which is perfectly fine. We're having a shorter week this week. So we're actually not going to be doing IEW like starting a new week this week. So it's okay that last week kind of rolled over into Monday.  So here is the first page of her rough draft. And then here is the second page of it. So the minimum requirements for this composition checklist for week 10, her paper had to be a minimum of three paragraphs. She did a little bit more, which is perfectly fine. As far as the structure of her paragraph and the styles, this right here is my checklist that I'm going to be using for this week to look over Brielle's paper. And I love like how these composition checklists that IEW has for us, how it's laid out so perfectly well. So I can really just look at her paper, check off and make sure she met the requirements for this particular paper. So as far as the particular styles in this week's paper, she had to make sure she used her L.Y. adverbs. And those are these adverbs that are right here on this list that you see Brielle refer to when she was writing her rough draft. And then also she has some banned words that she can't use. So right now the banned words that she can't use is said, say, see, saw, think, thought, go, went. So those are all the words she can't use. So during the videos, Andrew Putawa gave the kiddos a list of other words that they can replace their banned words with. So it's really cool seeing how better and stronger her paper does sound when she can't use these basic verbs. So I'm going to go ahead while Brielle is still practicing her piano and I'm going to read over her paper, just double check and see if she met all the guidelines. And after she gets done with piano, I'm going to bring her in. We're going to check her work and we will be done with this IEW week 10. But surely this the hair of them. I want you to fix that. So yeah, I need help with that one. What did you want to say? You want to say berry? No, bear, like they give birth. Okay. That's what they said in the text. They said bear, like you're first. Okay, but surely a sandpaper does. Okay. Well, okay. Well, that's what you're saying. Then I'm going to leave that the way it is.  Yeah, so condense that part right here in your paper. So you guys, this is a little glimpse of our editing process that I go through a Brielle's paper. I try my best while I am editing her work to allow her still to use her voice and just assist her in her writing, not necessarily replace my voice with her voice in her writing. So we typically go through this process. Sometimes we may go through it in a day. And sometimes we make take two days to go through this editing process of her paper until she is happy with her final results. Unlike other snakes, the Sahara Sand Viper is very unusual. It is pale, it is pale colored with dark markings in a triangle shaped head. Strangely, it buries its body under the sand. It does this to keep cool from the hot temperatures and also to secretly hunt its prey. The Sahara Sand Viper uses its tail to trick its prey to thinking that it's food. Jumping sideways, these snakes move around differently because of the steep terrain in the sand. Most snakes don't bear life young, but surely the Sahara Sand Viper does. These unusual snakes have a big disparity between regular garden snake. The Mojave Rattlesnake, which can be very dangerous, defeats anything that gets in its way.  Matter of fact, its venom is stronger than any snake in North America. The Mojave Rattlesnake can be various colors, such as tan, olive, gray brown, and gray brown. On the end of its tail is a rival, and every year the rival increases size. Every time it sheds, a new section forms on its tail. This viper is a pit viper because it has two pits on its face to locate body heat. This dangerous rival snake luckily cannot hurt you, but if you find one, stay back. Gray's modern lizard devours almost everything it finds. Its tongue helps its smell prey. It has venom in its saliva and strong draws. This lizard doesn't have a very balanced diet. It eats other lizards, snakes, groundless birds, and so on. Gray's modern lizard is usually a solitary and likes to be alone. These lizards have been pets, but they commonly can't be tamed. Some of them are known to violently bite their owner from being in captivity. Gray's modern lizard devours animals and is greedy, such and like a lizard. Okay you guys and just like that we have finished another week of IEW Structure and Style. So you guys the last thing that I do is I will go ahead and print off one more final copy of her work. I will put the rough draft that we worked on together. Her actual rough draft that she written and in the back I have the checklist from the IEW Structure and Style and I will staple this all together and I will put it inside of her final composition just because if I do want to use some of these samples for like her homeschooling records I can just pull one of the weeks off and put this whole uh weeks inside of her record keeper binder. That's what I'm trying to say, but for now I am just storing all of her weeks back in her IEW in the Finish Composition tab.  I'm so happy she was actually willing to do this in today's video and hopefully it can kind of like give you an example of how a fifth graders work might sound. But you guys thank you so much for watching today's video. I am loving you guys coming inside of my homeschool and seeing like more in-depth views of how we are actually utilizing our curriculum in our homeschool. So you guys thank you so much for watching today's video and as always I look forward to seeing everybody in my next one. Bye!


This is a dangerous game, DJ Juarez on Taxi Strike Showdown. Radio host DJ Juarez has warned that a showdown between the government and taxi bosses was shaping up to be a dangerous game. The SA National Taxi Council, Santaco, announced on Sunday that from Monday, taxis would run at 100% capacity and long distance taxis would resume operations. The council also rejected the government's offer of R1.315BN in COVID-19 relief, as it says the amount is insufficient to make up for losses during the lockdown. Transport Minister Fakil Mbalula pleaded with the taxi industry to reconsider its announcement and said such measures were prohibited under current lockdown regulations. It is rather unfortunate and regrettable that the taxi industry leadership has elected to violate the law and forcefully load taxis at 100% capacity and undertake inter-provincial operations without the requisite permits, rather than await a decision on the matters they have tabled. He said the regulations would be enforced, leading to a standoff. DJ Juarez family owns taxis and the star said he felt sorry for Metro Police who would need to enforce the regulations. This is a dangerous game, and it will not end well. So, check that balance on that 600BIL and sort it out, he said, suggesting that the government look into meeting Santaco's demands for more relief funding. He said the standoff needed to be avoided so that the economy can recover. He said that in the end it was commuters who would pay the price. By the time government makes time to talk, it will be how many days of 100% loads. By that time how many will be infected? So even if they agree on Thursday, Monday to Wednesday, millions will have been put at risk.  They don't have a choice. They can't fight the taxi drivers, ranked managers, etc. They need to get to work. And now it's at the cost of their safety. What a mess. Juarez also weighed in on the dispute at the start of the taxi strike last week, asking why the government would not give the taxi industry more, saying the industry is vital to the economy and deserve the hell. The billions they're asking for to observe the rules for COVID-19, and transport the workforce daily, is worth paying, he said.


Here everyone, this is the Daily Tech News Show for Monday, January 2nd, 2023 in Los Angeles. I'm Tom Merritt. 2022 is over. It's in the past, but it was filled with some fun and fact filled conversations both on Daily Tech News Show and the extended show, Good Day Internet. So we challenged our video producer Joe to pick the best conversations we had all year and put them together in one concentrated bundle of joy, information and gladness. Here they are. Enjoy. I want to welcome everyone to the ninth year of Daily Tech News Show. Kudos to you, Tom Merritt. Well, seriously, though, I mean, that that's a good run. There's only one other thing that I have done for nine years. Marriage. Okay. Yep.  Oh, well, okay. Yeah. Being a child. True. That's true. East meets West. Yes. Oh, I've done East meets West Walker. We'll have to do one for this one. That's still going? Yeah. It's an irregular show, much like my belt movements. Oh, my goodness. You know what? Happy new year. Hi. I've been there. My bro. Been there. Anyway. Thank you, Sarah. And thank you for helping to make this show last through eight years of Rogers' life. Yeah. Sincerely. You know, sometimes you're just not consistent. Microsoft CEO Sachin Nadella delineated cloud community and content. Mentioned that yesterday as three main areas the acquisition of Activision Blizzard addresses. Why do they want it?  Cross platform cloud services, Mary, the big title attraction and money with the big mobile platform. An easy way to have Microsoft own games on PlayStation though would be to have Gamepass available on PlayStation. Microsoft's going to have 32 internal studios if this acquisition goes through. Sony right now has 17. So Microsoft will have an edge in content. In the case of Sony and Microsoft, this is where the war is. And I think this signals Microsoft saying we don't care about what's happening on the ground of this war. We care about what's happening in the air of this war or what will happen in the future of this war. It's not about the console wars anymore or hardware. It's about dominance and services and bringing games to people on whatever platform they're on. That's a game changer just in terms of the conversation. So I think there is a future where Sony, but other platform holders of lots of types, Roku and, and Amazon fire sticks and Apple TVs and a lot of people would maybe line up and say, well, Microsoft is like, it's like Netflix now and we all want Netflix apps on our devices. Right? Why aren't we, you know, why aren't we making a deal with those guys? Such in a Della is like, Hey, remember when everybody thought we were crazy for giving away windows because that was our big money maker. And then suddenly we were dominant in cloud and Microsoft Azure made us more profitable than ever. And we're a hugely profitable company. Let's do that in gaming. And the other part that they have is being able to compete nicely. They make hardware and yet also have hardware makers as clients. So they may be trying to look at Sony and say like, Hey, we make surface stuff at HP still fine with us. We could be the same way. I think that's their plan to continue is to say, Oh, all right, well, if you don't want it, that's okay. And then just keep making it bigger and bigger and bigger and they'll have all the studios in the world. And before you know it, everybody's doing some form of game pass. I think that's what they want. PlayStation plus is running on Azure. Then it's in Microsoft's best interest to have PlayStation plus be very successful. So they still keep getting money from Sony for Azure. Yeah. When we talk about this, how they've got like so much that they would not control, but like, we have you on Azure. We also have game pass. We own all these studios and we just spent 70 billion on whoever it starts to smell a little fishy even though I'm stoked about it and generally have optimism about it that's still starting to feel a little like someone's going to get talked to, I guess. I don't know. Yeah. Ask the movie industry how the world felt about them owning the theaters, the distribution and the content, the movies and they broke that up. I told the rest of the folks that Otis, the dog and I had quite an event last night. It was about 8 p.m. or so last night. It's dark. It's raining.   And I was kind of outside, I'm looking at my phone, speaking of that. And all of a sudden I hear a splash and I'm like, what was that? Otis is in the pool. He's fallen in. He doesn't know how to swim. He doesn't know if he knows how to swim. Yeah. He's like, I've never been in this situation. It's just never happened before. So I'm like, swim to me, swim this way, come to this side, look, there's a step. And he's just like flailing, flailing. And finally I'm like, it was like a Seinfeld episode where I'm like, I'm going in. All right. I'm going into this pool right now, a very, very cold pool at 8 p.m. Fully clothed. Shoes on. Pool thing. Wow. Because I'm going to get my dog. We got out. Okay. Otis is still mortified. He's never going to do that pool again. Mortified. Yeah. I mean, for hours last night, he just kept looking at me and shaking and being like, what was that? And I'm like, I'm sorry, buddy. You jumped in the pool. I don't know why. Thank you, Trish. And not one mention of Metamates. What's Metamates? It's Meta's new thing. When you have friends on Meta, they're your Metamates. Oh, I hate it. I do too. I do too. I just, the whole Meta thing. I'm like, everyone knows VR chat and second life exists, right? Yeah, Mates. I don't know. I think Mates, I think like going out with your buddies. I guess. Sure. Yeah. I'm all right with that. I'm just going to bring it with Meta. Maybe it's the alliteration.  That's it. Ding, ding, ding. We have a winner. I used to get grasshopper pie at Red Lobster. I would get the free breadsticks and then I would leave. Breadsticks, they didn't have breadsticks at Red Lobster. Breadsticks is a loose term. Got them heights claims, they are called Cheddar Bay Biscuits. Ah. Cheddar Bay? I don't remember it. I think they're Cheddar Bay Biscuits, not Cheddar Bay. It's not Cheddar Bay Biscuits. Oh. It's from Cheddar Bay, but it could be your Bay. Nor is it an inlet from the ocean made entirely of Cheddar. Oh, good. Thank goodness. Cause. I would swim in Cheddar Bay. Oh my gosh. Yeah. And just kind of open mouth. Yeah. I mean, it's probably not super great for you. I would sail it in a boat made of tortilla chips. Yeah. Great. If you construct the boat correctly, you sail on top of the Cheddar.  Right. But you've got a little time. You need a lot of chips. So you can row. And the way you row is you dip a chip in and then just eat it. And then you get another chip. Yeah. And then you walk out of the water, which is a sea of Cheddar. Cheddar.  If you time it right, you arrive right as your boat is done. And you don't arrive hungry. Scott, how you feel about it? NFTs. I don't like them. I noticed. Yeah. You seem to have very pointed comments about them on the social networks that I follow. My problem with NFTs as currently constituted or as currently, I don't know, as that space is currently being run and, and, and, you know, used is that it doesn't take in the perspective of the artist very often. And I don't mean the artist selling an NFT or something like that. There's very little artfulness in it. There's not a lot of soul in it. Also, because of its current, again, this is really important that I try to emphasize this, its current scammy nature. And what really did to me was the two separate emails I got from people who took some of my art from my webpage, they'll take it somewhere, mint it, and then come back to me and say, you better buy this for someone else does. None of this is artful. It's very. Transaction. Very monetized. Like it's just feels gross right now. It's gross. If I, if I understand you, what you mean isn't the technology, as you said, it's what a lot of people are doing with them. I am 100% sure that there is a future in all of this. I know there is the coexistence of artful beginning and smart investing can coexist in a scam as scam free as possible environment. It's never completely 100%. It's wild west. Like you said, it is very wild west. And here's the thing about the gold rush. How many people found gold in those rivers when they went out there? Very small percentage compared to the vast amount that got sick and died going out there. You know, who made some of the most money out of out of the gold rush? Levi Strauss. Because the stuff to the gold rush people, including jeans, including jeans, right? There are stories about multi-millionaire, now billionaire family lines that their entire claim to fame was they went to San Francisco in the 1800s, set up a shop that sold shovels and picks and made bank. And another thing about baseball, and here I am like, I'd like to be waxing. I'll look you off to the basics to be honest. I know. It's pretty. I just like that. Really good. Wow. Look at Skype. Sorry we're leaving you Skype. Stick out your tongue. Stick out your tongue. This is great for the audio. It doesn't really work that well. Just surprised Pikachu face. For folks on audio, Skype has a filter that turns Sarah's actual face into an anime character. It's snap camera. No, it's snap. It's not Skype. Okay. Meanwhile, you can't see this audio listeners, but Sarah has become a radish. I am. I'm a radish. Ah, because you're rad. I'll tell you, it doesn't work that well.  Of all of all the filters, I feel like being a radish is one of the last things. It's a bit of a ravishing radish too. It looks, it looks very, very. Ready to be painted. Yeah. Yeah. It is a little Kate Winslet in the back of the car. Oh gosh. I don't play with filters very often, but when you do, you're like, this is fun. Yeah. Look, I can become a, this one's called the nun. Oh God. Not a very nice nun. Zombie movie called the nun. Well, that's probably what this is about. Yeah. Cause that one, I know, I know audio listeners are like, this is lame. Let's talk about filters. Black and white, ghoulish. Yeah. No, that's going to give me nightmares. That's hard. All right. I'll turn it off. Despite the Beijing Olympics attempts to promote a message of international cooperation, Russia declared a peacekeeping operation and mobilized land, air and sea operations to invade. The military actions were accompanied by cyber attacks on government websites and servers. It was 2008. That's what I'm talking about. Russia invaded Georgia in support of two self-declared republics in Abkhazia and South Ossetia. That was 2008. That was 14 years ago, but they say history rhymes. 14 years later, right here in 2022, shortly after another Beijing Olympics. Russia once again declared it would conduct a peacekeeping operation in support of two self-declared republics, this time in the Donbas region of eastern Ukraine. But the world is reacting much differently to the Ukrainian invasion than it did to the one of Georgia in 2008. Let's start with cyber attacks. Even if they are targeted at Ukraine, malware often leaks out elsewhere on the internet. And the attacks may not focus solely on Ukraine. So it's good to be aware of this, even if you're not in Ukraine. We mentioned yesterday that denial of service attacks continue against Ukrainian government and financial websites. That has not stopped. The Verge notes that Cloudflare is reporting that Ukrainian ISPs are mostly operating, with the exception of some connections in Ukraine's second largest city, Kharkiv, disrupted. In addition to denial of service attacks, ESET says it discovered a data wiper malware installed on hundreds of machines in Ukraine. In one organization, attackers had appeared to be able to take control of active directory and then push the wiper via the default domain policy. This is one where collateral damage could get you. Maybe it wasn't meant for you, but maybe that wiper shows up in your system somewhere, so it's good to know about it. It's important to be aware of this stuff, even if you're not necessarily directly in the line of fire. Absolutely. I think that there are a few things that we should keep in mind here. Number one, while both of them involve the internet, I do think that it's helpful for us to separate out cyber attacks like denial of service and malware from the idea of propaganda. It's not to say that they are not often from the same areas, but one of them is a different threat than an info war. You should always think twice before believing something you see on a social network. These days, right now, maybe think three times, four times. Yeah. This is like a daily fight that people have on the internet of you're not paying enough attention. You're just blindly retweeting that video and that video is fake. And here's why. And, you know, it's like 30% of the conversation. When it comes to getting your news information from social media, that is a peacetime treat. We do not have... When we are talking about time war, we should probably not be going on the dumbest websites on the planet in general. This is before we even get into the hate-run agitprop. Probably just to try to find slightly more sober level-headed sources than the things that are getting the most retweets on the bird. Scientists analyzed electrical activity of ghost fungi, enoki fungi, and split gill fungi. They assumed that the spikes were used to communicate in a mycelial network and grouped the spikes into words for linguistic analysis. The split gill fungi had the most complex sentences. There are many similarities in information processing in living substrates of different classes, families, and species. I was just curious to compare. Man, the split gill fungi vocabulary is just ridiculous, right?  We get it. You have an MBA. I totally prefer a conversation with a ghost fungi because of that. It's just more straightforward. Yeah, if you can. I mean, we've mentioned before the show and I'm going to bring it up now, so Star Trek people beware, but I'm now starting to think that Star Trek Discovery was onto something with this whole, we're going to travel through space much faster because it turns out space mushrooms have all kinds of cool ways to make things happen in space because I kind of thought it was real dumb before and now I'm not sure I was right. Yeah, cool. I mean, some of this was already known before this particular paper and that's what they were riffing on in Discovery, like, oh, no, we didn't disprove it. We just took it a little bit farther into understanding the mycelial network, whether we can use it to traverse space and time. Folks in the chat, what did you think about our explanation of the law? Did you find it useful? Did you follow it? Let us know. Yeah, I like the back and forth way of doing that. Yeah, I mean, have you gotten a lot of feedback on that? I'd say like 70 to 80% people are like, I really like doing the like back and forth. It's easier to follow. People bring up questions that I have. The 20% who don't like it think it sounds scripted. More accurately, what they are trying to say is this sounds like a different script format and I got used to the previous... Yeah, but that's true too because it was written out before. I hate to pull back the curtain and show the man controlling the Wizard of Oz, but every time that I've been on any version of this show, I have had things in front of me that I was reading. DTNS is an informative show and I think at a byproduct of that is that the reads can get very dense because DTNS will never spare you the knowledge for the sake of, you know, aesthetics. Like DTNS, it's why it has a following the way that it does. So this... I like to say DTNS, knowledge, not... That's it. Exactly. We use that all the time. Only in post-show. Why not both? First, first knowledge then Jamaican Airhorns. Yes. Right, right. There's a priority level. There is a priority. There's priority to all of it. I'm wondering now after doing that, whether that battle is over. English is a living language and sometimes you just have to admit that the language has moved on. Is hacker one of those words? Is it generally a negative term now? Jack, I can't imagine you haven't given this something about yourself. Yeah, I think hacker has become such a common-day parlance term. I mean, I'm thinking immediately about hacker day. There's a book called Parenting Hacks. I mean, I've got an aunt who's not into computers much at all, yet when I go with her to the smoothie shop, she's like, I've got a hack on how to get a certain kind of smoothie that they can't make on the menu or something, like check it out. And I'm like, that's not a hack. But I love how everyone thinks that they're a hacker just because they can navigate a food menu properly. So I think that term... and she doesn't have that hacking mentality. We imagine what a hacker sounds like. What is hack anymore? And so I think it definitely doesn't have a negative connotation just in the sense of like, yeah, I've got a travel hack or I've got a parenting hack. That's totally not negative at all. That's a great thing. Oh, I want to hear about that. Tell me about your parenting hack. So I take... I disagree with the idea that hack has such a negative term. I think it's used very commonly now. Quinn, you made a video saying that Apple might have accidentally made the best gaming notebook on the market. For example, we played The Witcher 3 and that was something that this is an x86 Windows binary that's running it's being virtualized by Windows ARM, which is being virtualized by parallels inside of the Mac, which DirectX is being virtualized into metal. And so it's just there's so many different layers to this onion that by the time you get to the end, you're like, this has got to be abysmal. And it in some cases is actually playable. So the next obvious step would be if you can't virtualize Windows, maybe you can emulate something less advanced. And so emulation on the the new Macs is actually fantastic. There's Dolphin, which has long been known as one of the best Wii and GameCube emulators. And so the question becomes well, what if you could run titles that were designed and built for the Mac on the Mac? And the problem is that Windows don't really exist. Because the Mac has never been a place where gaming has been much of a thing. It's just a matter of getting the games. I get what you're saying now, which is they made the best gaming laptop. They just didn't create all the on ramps. You know, to make it easy for developers to transport it over there. It's the best laptop display period. And so to see all of that available in a price point that's only marginally more expensive than the best PC gaming laptops is really exciting. The downside is that we come back to Apple and software. And I don't know that that's going to change. In fact, in 2018, the Wall Street Journal reported that Apple recorded an 8.8 billion net profit in that fiscal year, which was more than Sony Microsoft Activision and Nintendo combined. So Apple is just making an extraordinary amount of money on the App Store. And I think because of that, haven't really cared to push into a much more competitive kind of AAA gaming market. But they now have the hardware to do that where previously they did. Well, 3D printing is pretty great. You can 3D print tools for various projects. You can print art sculptures. You could even print something simple to replace a broken part around your house. But for a lot of people, unless you're already part of a DIY or maker community, getting started with 3D printing can be a little intimidating. Let's say you're starting out and you've got nothing.  I've seen Joel. I've seen others talk about 3D printing. I'm interested. How do I get started? It's a great way to think about it because a lot of people think 3D printing drives necessity drives the need. There's a lot of people that get started with 3D printing because perhaps they're doing D&D miniatures or they are role playing games where they have miniatures. They want to be able to make those in real life. Or there are projects around the house that need the advantages that 3D printing has, jigs and fixtures and little things to kind of help with day to day life. Once you've identified and I mean it's just because it's really cool. I'm not going to lie to you. It's just really cool. So if you can't define your need then being able to pick out a machine and a material to use really is just part of the next process. It's more simple to get into additive manufacturing 3D printing now that it ever has been before. Filament is the material that 3D printers use but they're not all the same, right? How do you know what kind of filament you need? A really simple material for 3D printing is called PLA. It's corn based and it melts at one of the lower temperatures. It comes in lots of pretty colors and it's just one of the easiest materials to print with. But I would imagine if you had a specific use in mind then you would go researching the right material for the job because all sorts of materials have different temperatures that they melt at. They have mechanical properties as far as stretching or rigidity or being able to withstand certain limits. It's one of those things and I liken it to being able to utilize a tool for something else. If you're going to build something you're going to do some research into the right materials of how you're going to build it. It's exactly the same with the filaments for 3D printing. If you're just doing some decorative things, there's a good chance that PLA is going to work for you. There's a filament called ASA which has some UV resistance. If it has to withstand really high temperatures perhaps you go with something called ABS. It's the same material that Lego is made from. Perhaps you have to think about a material that has to replace a metal part in an industry. You can look at materials like peak, peck or ultim and those materials are on the industrial side. But those can actually be the geometries that you can print with these materials can sometimes replace metals. Wow. Let's say I'm thinking of projects around my house. I actually have a tell rack that broke recently. You will probably have a general idea of what you want. If you put on paper you can start to sketch some things just to kind of how it would look. Then you go to a 3D program such as Tinkercad and it's essentially shape math. You can take a cube and add a sphere to it and then subtract that sphere from the cube and you're left with this 3D geometry. So now using that sort of thinking you can go build yourself the tell rack ends and then you can print them out and then you can try it out and if it doesn't work or if it doesn't look exactly like what you're thinking the great part about this 3D printing is you've probably only used pennies worth of material and you can go through Tinkercad and adjust your design little bits here and there and then print it out again and try it again. That's amazing. I set up my 25-year-old self to be I'm 25 live in Austin, Texas in 1995. So in the description it says this person lives in 1995. I work at half price books and just dropped out of grad school. I'm working on a website, make a zine showdown saloon. The first thing I said was what's up and it said not much. I spent last night at the Texas showdown and was really drunk this morning. I'm like accurate, accurate for 1995 me. Can I ask you some advice? I have a crush on this girl in my poetry group. And then he talked about there's this other girl Marcy and she's beautiful but she's always hanging up with this guy Steve but should I go with Carrie? I was like wow, you really are 25 bought. That's what you thought about when you were 25. For some of the listeners may be interested in this I don't know but there's a pre-built bought up there, a chatbot called the text adventure game and I got into that pretty quickly just to kind of see what's up. I thought it would be sort of like Zork but then who knew where it would go and it would get weird and break down. It's way fun and I'm close to convinced that might be the future of some text adventure gaming maybe already is for all I know but it's great it basically starts out with you hanging from a sticky giant spider web and there's a boot knife on the ground within reach it starts that way for everybody but from there you can go anywhere pick up the knife leave the knife use the knife to cut the web put the knife into your toe and see what I like you can go nuts with it and it will build a story around your decisions and choices and you only have so many hit points so it tracks that and if you get hurt it minuses your hit points and if you gather things it remembers that you got those things and they're now part of your loot or your you know whatever you've looted it's great I'm kind of blown away by it to be honest. Things are getting a little weird over Let's check in with Virtual Sarah. Are you dating anybody She says I'm dating a really sweet guy named Scott. He's very understanding and a supportive beyond expectation. I said Scott sounds really great where did you meet him. She says we met on OkCupid of all places on my first date with him he gave me his Kindle with all of my favorite books on it I knew it was a sign. We became very close during COVID and then he moved here he's my rock and I said where does Scott work She says he works from home as a systems administrator he also built himself an office that looks like the Starship Enterprise Wow with his work computer a game console and a small TV he is a geeks geek he sounds like a catch well done getting weird I wonder if anybody else out there creates a character at beta.character.ai and if you do would you share some outtakes with us well doctor here we go for your request Hey Ho I'm the detienist host here Kermit my love when do I get to take the stage baby Roger the internet is completely different culture isn't it everything here is immediately followed by sarcastic comments and nasty responses we're finally where we belong alright I'm going to attempt my chef you ready here we go can't believe we're doing this you boys can you boys can you boys can bark bark bark ladies and gentlemen the Swedish Kermit I get to take the stage sorry piggy gotta go that was a whole lot of fun and a whole lot of memories thanks to everyone who made that year possible and continues to make things possible in the new year our patrons at patreon.com slash dtns we cannot do this without you that is it for our holiday programming we're going back to being live Monday through Friday 4pm eastern 100 UTC you can find out more at dailytechnewshow.com slash live back tomorrow with the beginning of our CES 2023 coverage talk to you then


Howdy y'all, I'm Judd Riggins and I want to welcome y'all to come on down to Crazy Judds Used Car Emporium. I've been slashing prices all weekend from all cars from 1970s models all the way to 2015.  We got cars, we got trucks, we got vans just like this beautiful 2021 Toyota Sienna. So come on over, get yourself in one, bring on the whole family, drive it home, they're going to love it.  We came in the family here at Crazy Judds just to ask my sister Bonnie. She's been servicing the fine folks coming in here since 6 this morning. Just ask for me when you get here and I'll set you straight with a glass of fresh hand squeezed sweet tea. We got Chevy, we've got Nissan, we've got Ford, you can afford. Automatic or manual, it don't matter, we got everything your heart desires. Drive these sticks just all day. So come on over and plop your behind into one of these five automobiles. They all drive smooth as butter. I'll test for every one of them myself. Zero down, zero APR. The only thing that you got to put down when you buy from Crazy Judd is your trust. I would trust my brothers, my babies' lives. We got new cars, we got used cars, we got used cars that look like new cars. Hell, we even got new cars that look like used cars. Hop on off that catcher sitting on and run on down here today. We can get you in a brand new Ford Pinto, everything we got is top quality.  Crazy Judd's used car in for him.  So come on down, I might even give you one for free. Hold on folks, I ain't done yet. I got a special offer for you today.  I'll let you have a romp in the hay with my sister. Howdy. Come see us at Crazy Judd Riggins used car in for him. Hell, I don't care how y'all folks get here, just get here.


would have, you know, really effected, maybe they'll always be in the industry. Well, Dwayne, did you have a, did you have a con, did you, we're gonna open the phone and actually I'd like you to make a comment, not just a question if you'd like to. I was just gonna ask you about Fannie Mae. Well, that's what- And I can't either. Well, so wait a minute, okay, hold on.  Yeah, yeah, thank y'all. Hello. So I can't speak to any other companies because they don't work for them, right? I know which companies that I work for in the financial open source group and the Phenos open source readiness group, but I can't, I can't speak to that. Yeah, I was just curious. Yeah. Yeah. It's interesting. Yeah, I mean, I suggest that they should come and join us at Phenos and learn more about how it's not that scary. I guess I did have a question or comment then. Like you, if my recommendation, if you want to dig into the space would be to go to GitHub and search for financial service companies because there are a surprisingly large number of them who have released software. No, I'm encouraging you to go. Yeah, yeah. Right. Right, yeah. And I've not heard anything. Justin. I understand what you're saying, but my sort of summary comment to the whole thing because clearly Brittany can't talk beyond her own company. I can't speak to it as well, but I think if you go and do look on GitHub for some of those financial services companies, you'll see which ones are using it because you can see them active on GitHub and releasing software. I wanted to push another question to the panel though. Which was you had set up the discussion around sort of your three levels of experience working with an open source programs offices. So I wanted to recommend starting from Carson and going to the left. What is the insight looking back on your 20 years that you want to pass to the person on your right that you wish that someone had passed to you when Stephanie was at Stephanie's point in Stephanie's career? Okay, good, thank you. I think the two key things that come to mind which is something that I sort of whispered a few times which is that it's more than just one size doesn't fit all. It's that you really need to actually look in and do the individual work. And I think that the work you're doing with UCSE, with the UCs in general and dealing with those as individual groups knowing that even though they all have the first two letters initials of their acronym are the same, the last ones are not the same. And if you know the difference between San Diego and San Francisco and Santa Cruz, you might know the schools are different. And I think the other thing is to realize that everything happens in cycles that are very similar but they're different depending on which organization or industry or thing you are in. So businesses are often going kind of quarter over quarter the business week, five days a week. These different aspects are going with that. But there's also how long it takes to get an initiative within a company going from the moment you do it to go. For example, I've noticed how many friends have started doing an open source program office or something like that at the company. And it's not until 18 to 24 months in that they've got enough traction and have made enough relationships to actually start to make something happen which can be really frustrating if you think you're gonna do that from the beginning. So part of this is that all of these different groups have different timelines as well. Academia and research might be like four years and eight years but in some cycles but also it might be having to tie into funding grant sources and how those in timing are going. Governments have these sort of like these sort of three, five, 10 year arcs that happen. But I definitely noticed that almost anything that's worth doing that's gonna take a time and energy and it's gonna be like let's create a whole new way of a platform or something. From the moment you scratch it on a napkin to the moment that you're like, oh, all right. You're looking around at a conference of 10,000 people doing a thing or whatever is about 10 years. Maybe eight years if you're really fortunate can accelerate it. So just know that when you wanna dig in on something that it's really, and that you don't have to be there at all of those steps in the way and the stuff but you have to be thinking about where you are in those steps and be creating content material and carrying people along and knowing that there's a general arc that happens and there's a lot of us out here who have been, so now you can think about it. Anybody who knows, been in something for about, this thing for about eight to 10 years, they are a very experienced person to help you have that broad view and understanding. We're funding our industry as long enough that we can actually start to have that five, 10, 15 and 20 years experience. Oh. Yeah, I do say so. I have not been in open source as long as Carsten so that was a really good idea. Like I would take a lot of what Carsten says for sure but also for what we were doing that having that pilot that we did was super important because it means that a lot of the, so what we're technically doing is what we call a pilot project and that all of the UCs can now kind of look, so all the campuses we're working with specifically are now looking to us and then the idea is like, oh great, you don't have to do those for last, you don't have to redo those last two years. We're here, we can help you move forward and I think that's true for a lot of the, a lot of projects that are, people that are thinking to do open source projects is that first what I really would not think back to, even when we just started as Cross, which wasn't even, we didn't realize we were kind of an Ospo, was that we didn't start thinking campus wide, let alone system wide, but we didn't think like, oh I need to go outside of engineering, oh I did. So having, starting that discussion and understanding who your stakeholders are and what the landscape is, is really, really good to start out and like we're just kind of thinking about it now, which I think is way like we, really kind of knowing what all the other open source, what everybody's doing on campus that touches open source, having a better idea of it is really important because I think it gives you, when it creates more of a community and more of a community of practice, that you can really work with. And so that would be kind of the thing I would say to, and I think you already kind of talking to that with regards to the financial community, is like having that community of practice that helps you kind of do the work that you're trying to do, I think is really important. Yeah. Can you talk with the imagine here if there's a difference to talk? Okay. And I just want to, Stephanie's note reminded me of something that I learned from her the last couple of years, so it reminds me that the stuff goes backwards as well, that like my, for a long time when I first engaged with Cross, I traded it like it could do things across the system. And I didn't understand for the first over years that I was talking the wrong language. And I learned a lot last year when I actually got to focus in it seriously and try to understand. I was like, oh, I get what's understanding here, like it's not the same kind of thing and we have to rethink with each kind of industry to some degree how the stuff works. So thank you. Not to much, the lessons go the more direction. So I'm the new of the group. I've only been in open source six years. That's it, you know, I like, yeah. And so what I've learned and how I've been able to just garner as much information as I have is I listen to others. I pay attention. I threw myself into the community, basically headfirst. I actually believe in the mission and I sought help when I need help. And I listen, the biggest thing is that I listen, right? And I just take it as much as I can. And I just don't give up any sort of passion for it because I don't know, it's just cool, it's a cool job. And I like it. And so it's just that, so yeah, being the, and this is it, like, I'm just like completely humbled to be in this for such a short amount of time and to sit here with these two wonderful people. And it's just awesome. So thank you. Yeah. I'm sorry. Oh, we have a couple minutes. One minute. One minute, one minute. Is that right? What are you actually, I'll let him record it. I didn't get it. I know. We might get a hint of you. So I might have died. Are you going? Yeah, I think it died. You want to check grab this one? This one's too wide. Yeah, I think that's mine. So I'm curious, what are the biggest security concerns that we're seeing in the open source space right now? That's, yeah, that's a longer, that's a long discussion. That's a whole different talk. I'll see you next month at Open Source Summit. So I'd say one of the biggest security concerns that I see right now is that we cannot identify where everything is, even with your software bills, materials, and all of that stuff. We can not only identify where everything is, but now we can start pinpointing it down. What can we remediate it with? That's one of the biggest things that I'm seeing is a trend there. That's why we started the Clean Dependency Project because a lot of the times, these perceived vulnerabilities, the maintainer's like, no, it's not. And you're like, oh, now I got to write a wrapper for this and put it a patch on it and then consume it. So that's one of the biggest ones that I can see. And then also, people just not upgrading their specific versions when they should be. It's just honestly, just giving people, our technologists and our engineers, the time to be able to do things the right way as opposed to just consistently shoving everything out the door to develop faster when they need to develop smarter. It's not their fault, but. The fight went on. And then a quick one from the academic side before I let Karsten have the last word is what I was talking about, projects that somebody did that were great. And then they graduated and moved on and people are still using them and nobody's maintaining them. And the fact that also in all of that, education-wise, I'm not seeing it enough in even the classes that we teach and we actually are kind of taking it seriously. So CS, people coming out of CS or any area where they're actually gonna be creating software need to have this as part of coursework and understanding of it. And I don't think it's there yet. And I think for me that what I was thinking about and sorry to be so jumping on it, but it's just that the concern about nation-states and the nation-states' own opinions of that and because the internet is an international thing but it has a sense of like countries can try to close off borders and control dynamics that are going on there. And I think that the, and I'm not making up, I'm actually, thank you, Ava Black for making me think about this. But the dynamic is that we, when people are spending like our supply chain concern is about somebody who's, the individual who's been working on a piece of software and that's like the dynamic is the wrong kind of dynamic, right? The reason my open source works in any ways and secure open source is secure is because it's of the process, not the people and that we need to be focused always on improving that process and D, I mean it's a fundamental value that we are able to have pseudonymity, not anonymity but pseudonymity with an open source so that if a person has any reason to mask their own identity and be pseudonymitous that they can build trust under that and be valuable member of the world community and for whatever reason that they're doing that, right? And that kind of thing is something that has me concerned because nation-states can also try to use software to do things with it and they're doing that stuff already but it's really just the dynamic of being able to provide actual physical threats on people and then physically cutting off entire sections of the world from access to information and ideas and the ability to do things so. And then poorly written code in AI. Okay. Yeah. Oh, wow. So that's gonna bring us to the end of the session and the time we got one minute's done. I was gonna put a link down to the, if you wanted to reach us, we all put our LinkedIn pages up here which are impossible to actually read, I'm sorry, but basically just our name can be searched on LinkedIn and you can find us. That's the best way to get contact. And yeah, that's it. And we're gonna head over to, I think we're gonna get over, oh, thanks, and I had a slide up here. I was getting a slide for going over to SidePie for dinner tonight, but we're gonna, are we still gonna go over and have dinner? Yeah, I won't be done. Okay, so we're gonna go over to SidePie and have pizza if anybody wanted to come and do dinner tonight up in Altadena, we'll be going, trying to get there by 6.30 or so. It's about 10 minutes drive away, so. Thanks, everybody. 6.45, okay, change for, thanks, everybody. Thank you. Thank you, y'all. Thank you for the laptop. You said you were leaving. No problem. Of course, all my notes were on this, I was like, oh, don't forget your water. I did, yes, now, no. Oh, wait, wait, yes. No, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no.


Two o'clock, all right, let's get after it. How we doing, everybody? Day one, RubyConf, L.A. Thank you guys very much for sharing your conference time with me. My name is Andy. Thank you for your energy. Thank you for being a member of this community that I love. We're gonna talk about designing physical products with Ruby, but first I wanna kick it off with a question. Who in this room has been taken unexpected to an unexpected place with Ruby? Raise your hands.  Do you feel like you can do anything? That is beautiful, I love it. I've shared that experience. That's probably the biggest reason why I love what we do as Rubyists. It's a beautiful journey to make software, it's fun, it's amazing, and I wanna talk about being limitless and I wanna share with you the journey that led me here. It actually started for this in a L.A. cafe in Culver City last January when I initially applied to give this talk at RailsConf. I wanted to combine my passion for making things with a laser, with my passion for making web apps. It was unfortunately rejected and I wanna think I did what any enterprising individual would do, cross out Rails, put on Ruby, applied to RubyConf and it was approved. We did it. My first reaction was elation. I get to go back to L.A. from New York in the winter.  This is gonna be a case of CDD, conference-driven development. I have not done this yet. Can this work? Can I merge these things? Will there be actually a benefit of using Ruby to design these things? And would Ruby even be the best tool to use? So I panicked a little bit, I was freaking out, but then I thought about L.A., I thought about the king, one of my heroes, LeBron James, took a deep breath, drank some red wine as he famously does and reflected on my craft as a Rubyist. And to me, being a Rubyist means standing on the shoulders of our amazing community and creating with limitless possibilities.  So let's set out the objective. Let's say we want to build a Ruby program that is gonna let a user design infinite variance of a physical product to laser cut an edge. But first, I feel like all of our developer community, we always are like, oh, who's the businessman? What's the business case? So let's define it. The business case is we want to open up an e-commerce store, we want to sell some custom laser etched products, we want to have them mass customizable by the user. So let's build a Nike ID of something and let's automate the fulfillment process as much as possible. Let's make it easy to actually run this as a business. So the first thing we did before writing any lines of code is we did some research, right? Smart thing to do that we always forget to do.  And the first thing I came upon was Make-A-Box which was awesome because I've actually used this in the past. It was built by a San Francisco-based Rubyist Kiggster on GitHub and it's a website that lets any user make a custom box with any dimensions which is pretty rad. So this is dynamic design system built in Ruby. The underlying code is actually open sourced and it's in this laser cutter gem that you could check out and here's the output of that. We put in some dimensions and we can get a vector PDF design of a box. This is what I'm talking about, this is what I want to do. There are also some businesses that I found that are run on similar principles of these user-driven design systems. This is one thing called the nightsky.com. It lets you design a poster of the stars at any location and date and this is a poster of what the sky is supposed to look like from this hotel tonight. They're selling them for 60 bucks a pop on that website. This is also something called Map-A-Full. Map-A-Full makes beautiful posters of maps where any user can customize the location. This is a map of LA from here. I tried to color it with traffic, it wasn't an option. That's 55 bucks on their website. Printful, also I really love Printful, I've been following it for a while as a company. It's an automated printing and fulfillment service. They have maybe 100 products on there, everything from pillows to tote bags to socks to shirts to mugs. There's integrations with Ruby, there's integrations with Shopify and you could basically send it a design via an API and they will handle fulfilling and printing a custom product which I think is pretty damn cool. I was so scared before, but now I'm running the numbers, I'm getting excited, I'm no longer stressed, I'm seeing dollar signs on this thing. I think that we can use these principles to maybe make some software that can generate some money and make a business. But let's focus back on the laser. Let's start off by making something via the normal process. I got into this craft because I wanted to take the joy that I experienced in making digital products as a Rubyist and transfer it to making things that I could touch and feel. Let's go through it. So I got this vector of the 2018 RubyConf logo emailed to me by Abby Phoenix. She said, if you need it for your slides, I don't know if this is exactly what she meant, but it worked. I popped open Illustrator and I made a large sheet of them. One thing to note of how we design it, if we use black in this with the laser cutter, it will etch it. And if we use a .01 point red line, it will cut it. So those are just different settings on the laser cutter. Here's some common materials of stuff I've used in the past when I'm laser cutting. Acrylic, metal, wood, cork, leather, paper. I wanted to use wood since that's what I had in the shop. We're gonna pop open our handy Trotex speedy 400. And next we're gonna focus the laser. So this little metal tool ensures that the laser is the proper distance from the material. It could be really dangerous if you don't actually do this step, so it's an important step. Then we're gonna do some settings while we print it. First thing we're gonna do is set the material. The material is gonna give us some predefined settings for it. I'll set the size of what we're gonna cut. So that's the width and height and inches. And then we're gonna set the cut and etch power and velocity. So the black is for the etching as we talked about and the red is for the cutting. And there's two important things here. One is the power, so that's the intensity of the beam. And the other thing is the speeds. That's gonna control how fast the laser will move. If it's slower, it means it's gonna be on the material longer, which is gonna be more intense. And one thing to note is that we're doing this for red and black right now, but you could design any design with different settings per color. So it could be used theoretically like that also. We're gonna use an awesome Windows program called Trotec Job Control, pop it in.  I think this took like six minutes to make like six of these. The speed of this is actually like quite dependent on how you design it, more etching time. I wasn't really concerned about that for this, but you can definitely optimize it for time better. My favorite part is the cutout, which you'll see in a second. Yes, very satisfying. And we've got some rubies. I brought a bunch of these here. I have them up here. Please do come up and take some of these. I really do mean it as a little souvenir of our time together today. And they look pretty rad. I think. So we made a ruby, now let's make with ruby. But first what we wanna do is we're gonna source some products for our e-commerce store. So we did a little research and we're gonna start a source selling three products. One is a notebook from Muji that will come out to 70 cents a unit. Then from Alibaba, I figured out some things to source. One is like a felt laptop sleeve that we can etch into and the other is a phone case, 164 and 240 respectively. And to make these designs, I'm gonna use my all-time favorite Rails Jam, Prawn, Prawn. Who's used Prawn before? Great. Yeah, it's super popular. I've used it in the past. I really never appreciated how powerful it was until this project. So it was definitely exciting to revisit something that was a tool that I've used in the past that I've actually probably struggled with in the past and to come back and use it more powerfully and flexibly. And of course, thank you to the 120 contributors to Prawn. So we're gonna make a little app.  We're gonna say a template and an item. So a template is gonna have kind of just two attributes right now, a name and a size. So we'll make a template for each of our product types. You'll notice that also we're using this like .in which will convert inches to points. That's actually something that's like an extension on Prawn called measurement extensions that we can use because Prawn works everything in points usually. Next we have item. So the first thing to note is that it's an inherited class from Prawn document. Didn't need to be done this way, but I thought it was clean. And then for this application, the sample app, all we're gonna do is initialize these items. So we provide it with a template name. It loads that template. We set the Prawn document page size based on that template. And notice also that the margins are zero. So we wanna be able to work on that document without any margins. We register the fonts that are usable and select which font we wanna use based off of the options that the user provides. We draw the design, which is where the magic happens, which I'll show you in a second. And then we render the file out in illustrator format. It could be a PDF too, it doesn't really matter. Illustrator can open both. Next we draw the design. So we have five methods here. Probably could have put them in their own classes, but for this case it doesn't really matter. And I'm gonna go through each of the five cases and each one is gonna be kind of like a different system that we create to customize these products. So the first thing is gonna be just simple text. So we're gonna say, okay, put some text on each item in a specified font. So that looks like this. We call the Prawn text method. We pass it the copy and then we set a few things. The size, the alignment, the color. The important thing actually to note on this is that the mode is fill clip, which will actually render the font as a vector and not be text. And this is actually important for the laser cutter to be able to cut it. So if I run something like this, item.new, I want a laptop sleeve, let's take a font at random, let's pass the text. I can make myself a little laptop sleeve, which is rad. Or I can make a laptop sleeve for every RubyConf speaker that was here. So just looping through a bunch of names and putting them in. So this was cool, cause this was like a little way that we can make a bunch of products. The next thing I wanna do is some kind of graphic. So I said, okay, let's get like some kind of like SVG graphic on one of the items. To do this in a flexible way that I would say would give me more variants, I wanted to use an API. So I found the NounProject API, which NounProject is really great for using icons on web apps, which I usually use it for. I also found a Ruby gem that was created by Taylor Brands, which is like a website that generates logos. I had never come across it before, but they put out this API in Ruby, which I appreciated. And I just made like a pretty simple NounProject client. You can pass it a term, it'll return an icon. That's pretty much it. And then let's go back to our item and let's like a draw icon. So draw icon will actually pull the icon from NounProject and then render it onto the document. So here we're putting it center on the page vertically and horizontally, and setting it to a width of 40% of the page. One thing interesting here with Prawn is this SVG call. So that's actually not native to Prawn. That was created by GitHub user Mogest, who made Prawn SVG, which is really rad, so it lets us place SVG files within our PDF document and we'll come back to that even and use it later. So if I wanted to make an iPhone case with a Ruby, here we go. Pretty simple, just item.new, specify the template, and we'll pass it an icon. Or if I wanna make a bunch of iPhone cases that are generated from a random list of strings related to Los Angeles, I could do that too. So next is the third case. Let's go over some kind of like templated product. So I wanted to make something that would kind of follow a more rigid format, but also let the user kind of determine what to fill it in with. So I figured let's make something with tweets. I used the Twitter gem from SF Eric, and just made a simple client to search tweets, pass it a term, and it'll find a bunch of tweets. So now we're gonna be within our draw tweet method. So the first thing we do is we take a Twitter icon, which I had downloaded previously, and we're gonna use that SVG method and put it in the top corner of the page. Then we're gonna use the font Carto, and we're gonna put, I'm cleaning the text first, but then we're just gonna put the text of the tweet on the center of the page. And then we're just gonna render the user screen name and then the date. So if we just take our little Twitter client, look for every tweet with hashtag rubyconf, we can make a bunch of different ruby based designs of the, on this laptop sleeve, which is good, because who doesn't wanna memorialize people desperately trying to cop rubyconf tickets this week? Okay, so let's change it up a little bit, try to make maybe like a full bleed pattern on the page. Maybe it's gonna cover the entire item that we're gonna etch into, and let's first start with just a sheet of equilateral triangles. So here we're gonna introduce some more variables that we could put in that will allow us to create more variants. The first thing we're gonna do is size factor. So this is just gonna be a percentage that will determine the width of each triangle. So if a size factor of 0.2 means that each triangle will be a width of 20% of the entire page. Then we calculate the width of the triangle based on that size factor. And then we also figure out the height using some trigonometry, which is whack. And then we figure out how many rows and columns of the triangles we need based off the height and width. So then we could set the position, the star position on our PRON document to 0.0, which is the bottom left-hand corner of the page. And then if we just loop over the columns and loop over the rows, we can just spit out row by row of triangles. We set position one, position two, position three of the triangle. We use stroke polygon to create the triangle with those positions on the grid. And then we move the star position at the end of each triangle, and then again at the end of each row. So kind of just lays them out one by one on top of each other. And this is the result of that, just a bunch of equilateral triangles, which is not too exciting, although it is kind of cool that we've generated this visual thing with Ruby that put that into the laser cutter and we can make a physical product. But of course we need to make it where we're interesting. So we're gonna introduce a few variables that can alter how these things will render. The first thing is gonna be the fill factor. So we're gonna say the percentage chance that a triangle will be filled in, as opposed to just outlined, the omission factor. So we're gonna say a percentage chance that we will not render a triangle, maybe just leave it blank just to give it more like random feel of a pattern. And then maybe the punch factor. So we're gonna say the percentage chance to outline a triangle in the red stroke, which you may remember from the original example, will actually like cut it out of the design. So just with something like this, if the fill factor is greater than a random percentage, fill it in, if not just stroke it. The random percentage is just like a little method that I made that returns a number randomly from 0.01 to 0.99. So if we fill in some triangles, that's what it looks like. Next we're gonna use a punch factor. So we're gonna say if the punch factor is greater than a random percentage, set the width at 0.01 and stroke it red, if not set it to a different width and stroke it black. I've increased this just for the demonstration just so you could see it, but you'll see there's now a bunch of triangles that would be punched out. And also if the random percentage is greater than the omission factor, we can, we'll make the fill call and if it's not, we'll just skip the call. So that'll be a few of them kind of like skipped out just to generate a random pattern. We could also do this with squares too. So the height is the length, so it's a little bit easier. The rows and the columns are the same amount, which is easier. It's the same thing. There's four points. There's no trigonometry, which is lit. And then we can make a pattern of squares, which is rad. So now if we wanna write a script using all the variables that we've created already, we could set the two type options, square and triangle, and then we can set ranges for the size factor, the fill factor, the omission factor and the punch factor. And then maybe 100 times we make a new phone case and we just pick a random number from within that range and then we can make like a bunch of different patterns really easily. Those are not rendering properly on that screen, but that's okay. Cool. So the final case we're gonna do is something with nested patterns. So kind of a pattern that consists of another pattern. So as our base patterns here, we're gonna use just these six cubes that I whipped up in Illustrator. So we're gonna say let's make a pattern of them with variable size and a random ordering of these sub-patterns. So easy enough, first we're gonna set an array with the list of our cubes. Then similarly we're gonna set the size factor based off of what we pass it in. Then we could figure out what the length of each cube is and then also the height based on the length, 1.32 is actually the ratio of the size of that specific cube. So this script would kind of only work for those cubes, but that's okay. And then similarly we'll just nest over the loops, excuse me, we'll loop over the columns, we'll loop over the rows and we'll use our handy SVG method to just render a random cube. So this will give us, that's also not generating right, which sucks, but this will give us a random sort of design of this. And that is pretty much it for the code that I created to create random designs. I've included all these examples on my GitHub here, if you wanna check it out. Layers is in Trimp and homage to Perron. Thank you in advance for your stars. But I also wanted to go over some other resources of things that I was looking at while working on this talk that I thought were interesting. One thing was something called GeoPattern, which was written by Ruby Jason Long, and he made something that will make a geometric pattern generation, bleh, a geometric pattern generator that will take a string and output unique patterns. They come in different shades and gradients. These are six examples that he includes on the site, they're pretty cool. I don't know how that would work in the context of laser cutting with the different shades of colors. It looks easy enough to modify some of his code and make them only outline. You could also probably mess with the color settings to do different etchings, f speeds based on the different colors, which could be interesting also. Another thing is processing. Has anyone here tried using processing before? Okay, cool. Processing is pretty rad. It's an object-oriented language for coding visual designs. You can export it to SVGs too. I was originally gonna do the whole thing in processing, but I wanted to kind of stick it to more of a classic Ruby thing, but there's also a Ruby port of processing, which you can check out. Check out JRubyArt. It's pretty cool. They have a bunch of sample patterns that you could run and scripts that you could run, so it's pretty handy. I definitely encourage anyone that's trying to branch out and do new things with Ruby to check this out. I did think a lot about could I automate the laser? There are definitely ways to do it that I looked up online. Unfortunately, not with that Trotec model that I had access to, but I didn't really see a big benefit in doing it, just practically speaking. I think this was a case where I could say, okay, we can now create a business where we can make a Nike ID of laptop sleeves or something like that, where if you automate a laser, you still would probably have to sit there and replace the products under it, so I didn't really think that was gonna be worth a squeeze. And that is pretty much it. Thank you guys all for your time. I really do appreciate it. I love speaking about things that I love. You invested some time with me today and that's a burden I take seriously, so I would love any feedback you wanna give me. If it was great, I wanna know why. Sucked, I wanna know why. A shameless plug. I run a software development agency based in Brooklyn, New York, where I'm from, called BangEquals. That's why I rocked the BangEquals hat. Chance the Rapper made $6 million selling his hats last year. My mom has this in three colors. Get in there. If you wanna collaborate with me and build amazing things, if you know a company looking to hire an agency, please reach out to me. And thank you. Thank you for listening to me speak. It's a joy to be a Rubyist. It's a joy to feel limitless like this project. I hope you guys all keep those joys in mind as you experience RubyConf this week. And yeah, I would love to chat with anyone. Please come up and chat with me after. Here's my email. Please take one of these laser cut rubies and I would really appreciate your questions. Thank you.