Hello everybody, hopefully everything's rosy I recall those places I can't see me If you can hear me, you can hear me Dada blada blah blah Do we need that? I'm looking at it anyway, it doesn't matter Okay, yeah, that's fine Ah, so many chats man, I need to put a little cat Okay, let's get started I'm still a bit iffy but let's go over yesterday I mean we went partially our way to the points where it could have definitely like misread things things, my delirium So I definitely want to look back at it and see what's happening right now So we sort of wanted a potential absorption here That's what we're ideally looking for to be bullish It's not something that we got but we did end up drawing down a bit lower So what ended up happening is we ended up pulling up here That's your sign where we wanted to protect Anything under here was a potential short and you wouldn't want a short again, this sort of move here or this move here It's more a short if you see this type of behaviour of buys My stop's at 32 2, save? That's pretty low I mean, it might not be safe for too long I will see what chooses he's bringing But again, it pinned to the view up Super, if anything, if you entered during the day if anything, you'd have been fine in terms of getting out right on close because this was New York close at 2200 my time My lungs are scared Yeah, lungs are definitely scared So after that it starts pulling down I think it's blocked you up Spot selling? Yeah, there was a lot of induced spot selling If you see the entirety of this just ended up being selling So all of these short-term profits which is great to think about No, it's great in terms of long-term in terms of viability We got Monday low here so I don't think your stops are safer here just because there's a potential to raid on the Monday low The Monday high came in about here I saw someone Wapping here I mean You see that here As you can see, just a bunch of spot selling Just insane amounts Pull it, smash through that wall Smash through that, back at the view up or the point of control for this area here A decent amount I mean From the move yesterday we were slowly getting large dots We were slowly seeing signs of absorption I mean At the end of the day it ended up going down and it was pretty aggressive in its way down If we sort of look at Where is Monday low at and where is the best market long area I think the best market long area would be waiting for them to take out the Monday low There we go Let's pull it out like this Okay So here is your view up I think the weekly view up The daily screen up here That's the monthly I think I can't remember what colours I made What colours, god damn It's the monthly, there we go When all the way down to the monthly view up We pinned onto the weekly open Just ever so slightly missed out on the Monday low I think once we get this range out here We spike it one more time Because you can see The zone is coming in It's going up So we probably might get another spike here In terms of yesterday's range I mean we end up We end up printing This candle on the 945 We're looking for a green 945 candle So it's another thing that you want to note So like I said For a continuation you want to see Exactly on 10 o'clock where we end up going We end up pushing high You want to do the opposite But you could have still potentially Longed the touch at the weekly view up And on the Before the start of the Asia session Just because the Asia session Is I mean it does what it wants But at the same time Prior to that you'd know You're safe in one direction Then as soon as Asia started setting up Boom Asia opens Somewhere around here All twitch All losers come to YouTube Why don't you come to discord You can go to the booknap discord I'm also doing it on their discord You just don't want to see my face I think I'm streaming on too many sites That is what it is But I mean same thing here You got your stop hunt This is the buy model You got your stop hunt Sharp move away Coming into here, pulls back in Very pinny And just slowly pleads So you get the New York pump If we get lucky yes If we end up rating The Monday low We could potentially do something But if we start extending Extending much further down I mean we don't have too much to extend Down into that's the thing If we're To remain bullish We're not looking for it to extend down any lower Again We'll bearish below this And we opened up opening at the area We'll bearish out so there's a lot Of playing around this area But ultimately just came back down We got pressure applied on the other side So it just looks like they're trying to trap Falling here So I think wait for them to take the Monday low Out If they take the Monday low out That could be a potential buy Cover something So in the range if they do something like this Drop it down, take out the Monday low Pull it back up I'm single closing Below the Monday low Just for take us Yeah there might be some Plascating and a further Drop down but In the current weak range Current sort of level we're looking at 2300 Grab some stops Just below the Monday low There'll be a bunch of stops See if it absorbs into this area If anything Do you want to give it this due diligence And you've got 250 here So your stop will be at 360 If you're entering at 250 And You're at 500 here So your stop will be around 630 So it'll be around here 630 would have been decent for a stop Area so probably around this You probably want to extend a bit more Depending on how far it extends down So either Depending on where you enter your stop Could either be placed here or here Depending on how far it extends down Of the Monday sort of stop hunt But I mean we've got Supporting sort of walls here And I think We'll get even more added As you can see these ones that come Touch and go See if these get added at this At this number point If they get added at 2300 People will try to absorb this pressure And will try to reverse it off of that But if they don't get added They'll just let it drop straight through Again, this is probably an algorithm Just like anytime price comes A certain distance Show those walls If it doesn't pull it back up It's a short was tricky though The market looked like it wanted to break out I was pretty sure I was in the right headspace I'm still not in the right headspace But Coming past this Everything sort of looked like Minor long if anything But even if you entered long here You got stopped out by this week here Which is fair game It happens You can't always be perfect You have the touch out here Closing off the void essentially You set up Asia Pulling down If you're still awake My sleep schedule is totally messed up But you start pulling down From the Asia range And you get your first long Of the day here Then The next one you're looking at Is the daily imbalance That will give you another trade Daily imbalance always gives you A trade regardless of There we go let's highlight that further Game pulls back down Just runs out from the daily Open that's your bearish thought Sentiment for the day Now you're looking for New York to provide you with a setup Again if it starts Peeling up And trades high During the range setup you want to do the opposite Because more times You're not looking for breakouts You're looking for the inverse Which is just trading back You're looking for a range If anything I'm sure it You stayed didn't long Yeah It was an attempt at a long Because you could have averaged up your long You could have easy Carried on high And I think a lot of people Who are expecting higher Who end up changing the order flow I think what you want to probably look at Is how the future traded it And see if you can See anything off of that So even on these downtrends The futures were extremely Extremely happy to hold this up And I think that was sort of Telling sign that potentially were going to go lower Just purely based on the fact that These guys are Aggressively trying to go long And you see all these trap longs here And you see the number value Try to attribute anything under here Or actually was a bit low And it's changed a bit because as you can see We had a large red Short here But anything under there was ended up being trapped And you see we touched that box a couple of times But in the end We come back down off of that And now we just find ourselves Entire this and I think we're just Trying to liquidate all these higher level longs And once we get enough liquidations And we've got A decent amount of liquidations Aggressive on the liquidations So Very aggressive on the liquidations Pulling back up into this range Very close to Monday low As you can see here It makes no sense just to leave this untouched Because there will be a lot of stops Just resting there Even the chance that you'll be able to I will book my premium It depends I mean if you want to go into that We can go into that Actually let me open up a Not leaving my shit Did I change it It depends how How often you use it and can you leave it If you're running it's not pricing I'll show you what I have Global Plus Depending on what you need it for What you want to use I'll book my kind of 10 exchanges 5 support 5 pins and 8x go away no I mean for crypto you get a ton Of anything but I mean for the other stuff In terms of strength level and balance absorption Most of it is only available on global plus So that's something you want to do But I mean if you want to start out with the global If you start liking it more You can add this Because the main thing you really We really care about in What's called in crypto Is the liquidation tracker And the creation you get it on global So that's just nice You also get one click trading From digital plus onwards And you get the volume dots You accumulate the volume data here Regardless What you use they don't have the ability To use icebergs and stops For crypto it's only for rhythmic They only have it available For rhythmic ones I don't think I have it in install They just At 2300 It'll be at 2300 where Isolated Liquidation so just below here We get a couple more liquidations So that's why you have this Tendency to have these walls here And you just want to look at the spot So you see 2300 here 2300 would be where We have a bit more liquidations Just below Monday's low So that's something that you might want to know But again The icebergs and stuff like that you can try And do in your head Let's say 2300 close it Yeah Probably global or global plus Depending on how many Of these you want to look at at the same time And How many you really need I mean for me I only ever use Bitcoin and Ethereum I just have ears up there If you want to look at stocks You have to get a global plus anyway For real time It is what it is You can get away with just getting global Or you can just firm it And just always leave your computer on And just look Only look at one One asset which is just Bitcoin And just like okay just focusing on Bitcoin Have you Yeah I've used high block Liquidation things like They have IO profile yeah I mean For the price they try to charge Like realistically I mean They don't do anything too special I mean open interest is like A free tool that Binance gives nowadays Like there we go there's open interest There we go There's your open interest from Binance Like it's readily available nowadays On Binance and if you even go into Binance exchange they'll just give you the Everything People just don't know that's the thing I mean as you can see Interest in grinding You see the liquidations of the contracts People force closing these contracts On these days They buy the breakout You get closed down as you can see A lot of contracts closing so you don't know You open the interest down And you can always create a comparative Comparative Comparative sort of bars I mean let's go with this Divided by open interest I think so That makes sense Yeah I think that makes sense High block is free I don't think high block is free High block is expensive What's the best way to learn book maps So the book maps have I think four videos up already I think the best way to Learn any visualization platform Is to just do it Just keep looking at it And that's how I did it I mean it does take a longer to do that But then you start learning Pattern recognition and you start pioneering Your own stuff That's mainly how I learned There are a lot of courses out there I've done a couple of videos here and there If you want I can do An entire course starting next week We just do that And we can have fun off of that But most of it can be learned It's most of itself taught pretty much Because Learning is what it is It's not too hard It's just okay What happens when people do this Is just trying to understand Scenarios And learning it from someone Who knows most of the scenarios Is where you want to be at But you can always just see them When I call this script It's free but useless I mean all the stops are pretty obvious Yeah just learn the stop areas And the conditions are In terms of trying to code in TradingView You won't have the API Radioavailable What I want to wait for is Transpider With Chrome Here we go If you wait for Transpider They have pretty much all the market data And they coded in Not a foreign language But they coded in a JavaScript so they're allowing Libraries So once they have libraries It's a long time coming Do I have the staging here I don't have staging I'm not signing the staging here But if I was I don't think I could show you either A lot of the ways Market options are making No you're decaying on TradingView They're on the Discord I mean most of them are free If you wanna Let's go do this again Well I'm usually not one to Do other things Good morning Good morning My stop blocks get hit It wasn't really safe It is what it is Just take it on the chin What's that Yeah most of them you can just search The title and you'll find them Just some of them are not listed Because they can't be asked writing a blurb for it Do you pay to stop blocks Any lower It's not always nice Sometimes you just don't want to trade This session Session prints usually just Piss take So much pain You guys don't understand Actually let's look at ES ES is still keeping up The high wall up here Let's change the color back to There we go Like this Yeah as you can see They still have the thick wall up 420 Nice Keeping it realistic You saw that just bleed down Bitcoin was lagging in the future You can see There's just so many It did pretty much exactly the same Open up the spread on Asia Open here I'll spread widening Start playing with it And disproportionate sort of Level and you can see This is starting to tend up This is starting to tend down You want to see this as potentially Being divergent So one of this will pull up Just don't Yeah I pretty much only do crypto anyway Yeah Graphic bar forming Goddamn Do you know what bar size just failed flags You just learn it as that Don't learn it as a bar simpson David Bell calling for another day I haven't looked at much But again my mind's been just everywhere Let's look at spires I'm inspired Upcoming into this high But We're trading out 1, 2, 3 So yeah I mean we're trading pretty much At close which is Not too bad In terms of another leg down We'll end up just We're well past our trading range If anything we're looking for Ah I'm on man I can't control Z that So I could leave that What are the range drops saying The drop top I mean if we inverse this in terms of potential range There's your high There's your full stop out Falling back in we're looking for a potential Reader out here If we revisit we break around here We may look for this to try and turn it down So we may get that pushed down Are you looking for Let's see the daily because I haven't seen the daily in forever I mean but I mean everything's just been so rosy If you just bought the first of July You're big chilling man You're big chilling We're still having a scrape essentially Yeah depending on how you define the trading range And if you define it from here or even here We've pretty much left that We've had the secondary test So we can call this as it is This again is our Resistance area here We've got a weekly and daily stacked here So maybe looking for A bit of pay here 420 to 414 I mean it does look like A mouse on the What about in terms of distance It just plays here If you can play this And we've already taken out the stops That are readily available up here Next stops will be just above high I don't think we have the tendency to hit that just yet So We'll see what we can do And we're seeing on this day A lot of selling Opened up and we see the split here A lot of volume open into this area Most of it is short So the inverse is true So if we want to be bullish We want to be above one, two, three, five And we'll try pulling it across And even if we Sort of try and tend this higher Areas where we have large amounts of induced selling We want to be above So Dealy looking to be above this area here So you see this area here As potential support If you pull it up If you go back into an hour or even 15 minutes You can potentially see where that will be And we've got A couple of areas that we can look for The most recent area will be this one We see that do reverse So we want to be above this area here So this would be deviation under in Pulling back up So many shorts here, exactly So many shorts coming in, so many selling So much selling coming in We're seeing them thicken, which is great We're at the VWAP It's been holding this, I'm in point of control rather For the Merrier So it's holding this very aggressively They're already setting up up top Which is interesting Now we honestly these walls Try pulling its way upwards We're going to try to Either say stagnant Or move up after being here What you don't want to see Is these Running away Or chasing So that you want them to chase price And not run away from price That's sort of what you're looking for to be bullish And as you can see We're just dropping past these Dropping past these zones And just flying down Not much to say other than that We've got the Getting this area here Which is annoying It's not what you want to look at But off the back end of this This much liquidation I don't think they have the The ability to Hold it down for like too long In terms of if you're looking at A potentially longer term sort of down trend I mean if we want to go down more We need to go up and correct this move Funding negative I don't think funding is negative just yet Let's double check that There we go That's positive I think they're waiting for it to get negative Just tracking order walls Really offer that much edge compared to It offers A nice amount of Extra confirmation for you I've said it before I can trade with just a chart and be happy But it's just nice to have these And they sort of They sort of tell you If you're actually writing An assessment Because again most of just Reading charts and reading this Is trying to understand this but in Limited form So if you can Sort of understand what the Raw data is and it's essentially What you're looking at, you're looking at raw data You're looking at the data the machines would use To trade Adopt it You're trying to mold it And make it your own So it does offer some level of Analysis in terms of Okay you understand how thick The books are You understand if there's liquidity in the market Or it's in the liquid market And you can understand Where people are potentially Absorbing And the reason why you want Absorption is because that will be What larger players do typically They'll try and absorb slowly But surely Into a bid So you can't see it and that's the thing They try to hide as much as they can And it's so easy to hide if you're using this And it's harder to hide But you still can hide it But you can still Support it from a mile away If you're experienced enough Integrations I believe they do You probably want to have to look at Github If you look at Bookmap Github There we go, they do have API For brokers and stuff like that But most of them in Java I hate looking at Java It's an ugly language It's for up to people They have too much You're better off asking them Ideally It would be better if they changed it from Java to JavaScript just saying Funding is negative Actually, there we go No, it's positive now I guess so No, why would you need to do that You can directly integrate Bookmap into Binance You can do chase eggs You can do chase and escape strategies Directly from Bookmap And you can auto cancel Do it for you You just got to select it For real trading And you're just going to connect it No, I don't want to post a chart Oh, bloody hell Where do I want to do I've got a damn connection Yes, you can connect it I can't remember how though If you really wanted to connect it You can connect it There we go Yeah, but it's still manual No, chase and escape is automatic There's obviously hotkeys you can do You just connect the API Yeah, sure I think I may be able to push it But it's something that I think Funding you on the 8 hours is generally negative But overall, I don't think it's negative It's turning upwards Very sort of Everything DXDX is negative DXDX, Blah Blah Blah is negative It's just Binance and whatnot It's just ever so slightly positive So it's a toss up Yeah, just okay It's weird We're getting our dots We're getting our stops getting hit Which is nice That's what we want to see We still have the more stops just down here So we're going to try and hold this up Up until open We want to see open close We want to basically see the inverse of this But on this side So we want to see this Hold it down and then pull up And you're trying to execute back into the range And you're trying to pull up at least At least above this area here Above the range high If it carries on, it carries on If it doesn't, you're sort of just trading it back down This is the nerve-wracking part This is just your waiting time You're waiting, you're biding it out And you're hopefully trying to Trying to get successful, but I mean Everything is turning It's just waiting for another half hour To Potentially either hit here Or go higher, hit back down Essentially do that But on the opposite end So that's the only thing you're waiting for Let's sort of look at the theorem now The theorem is, oh Jesus What did she do? The theorem already took out the Monday's law Which is interesting Let's actually have a look at that future's pair I don't know, I do have liquidation on this There we go It's really low As you can see, a lot of A lot of induced selling Just aggressive A lot of shorts opened up here, which is nice We've already taken out Monday's law I mean, we're looking for it to trade in This week now Anything sort of above this level here Above 700 or even above 680 1680 is Potentially what you're looking for to be bullish I mean, very sort of tight with the theorem Again, you're looking for the same sort of Structure to try to pull it up Maybe hit back up a thousand points Back up all the way to 1760 But we see how We keep liquidating the Longs, shorts rather Shorts, keep liquidating the shorts Then you just slam it down We'll get very aggressive on the short Long liquidations Which is probably where we want to be at So that will probably sort of tell us that Okay, they're being super aggressive with this For one reason, one reason Potentially only to try and pull it up Aggressive, more aggressively They're getting ready for a bigger move In terms of sport You can see how When we came up to here, we saw large buying And we saw that large buying was like Okay, maybe Ethereum's more topped out than Bitcoin is because Ethereum has been trading into the Much better than Bitcoin Recently And we were expecting the ETH BTC pair To try and be better I mean, trying to be worse Rather, I need to see, we hit our double top Then we pull it back down After we open, I mean, we still have Some tendency to move If Bitcoin can actually Try and outperform Ethereum now That would be great But we saw it slam down I think they did end up absorbing Some of the downside pressure But we need to zoom in You can see these walls here Split out, just slowly catching this And ultimately taking out the Monday low Small pip under Set us back up and absorb the rest Put us back down Might be time to sort of Wait it out Bitcoin might pull it down A bit further to try to peel it out But overall Maybe this is what you're looking for Again You're looking for a certain sort of characteristics To try and turn along If we don't get it by today There's no chance you want to Long today and you're saving your lungs For tomorrow Using heat maps And footprints, right? Yeah Heat maps and footprints mainly So footprints nowadays Saving for book maps to add footprints to this It'll be nice Might be a bit messy but it'll be nice Generally speaking As you can see, people try to buy this up And it's just been very sporty A lot of lungs here So may drive these slightly under Try to put it back down Looking at 1675 worst case Again, it's just 25 And 50 from here That's a bit kind 25 brings it here 166666 50 brings it all the way down to 1650 So you want to maybe Try and place stops here If you enter at this You're probably placing stops here Just under 1685 Yeah, just under here And probably seeing if that Gives you something Not much to say other than that I mean, we did end up doing a bit more Yesterday in terms of streaming But you're looking for Again, price to try Trade down, take out the low Let's try to pull it up You want to be controlled, you want to see it Be fast, move away And to instantly try and close above It'll carry itself with spy If anything So you want to see what spy is doing Generally, as you can see you went up Now it's been trying to sell down Into walls It's getting absorbed, you're seeing All of this sort of funding coming in from here Sharp decline Same thing here, just a slow bleed You want to see that slow bleed Translate into absorption To then try and Carry itself And best case, hit up into this Then reject here And maybe, I mean I was like Really looking for this number to potentially short So I mean missed out on this But it is what it is My head is My head is where it's at I want to say, I mean The only thing that really bothered to trade Anything Yeah, I mean we can end it there I'm not one to try to drag things out For too long, you guys should be preparing For monitoring these At whatever time frame Into what you're looking at Again, Ethereum Is holding out much better for some reason It should When it shouldn't be So technically We could again hit the monthly view Up which we are on Bitcoin If we do that, it could be aggressive On the up tick We're seeing, we're playing With the Monday law, I think we're waiting To see how we open If we open down Potential to pull it back down again 10 o'clock is when this finishes Setting up, once we get 10 o'clock print Anything outside this Range has been cemented And then we can sort of trade accordingly We're looking for stop-hands To pull it back up Yeah, New York Open is coming up It's another 20 minutes I can't sit through the pain anymore I gotta get Either gotta get drunk Or gotta get high, I don't know My whole body just hurts I'll catch you guys On tomorrow's stream, I need to tell them to do it earlier Cause I'm Fucking busy But again, you're looking for a bleed Stop outside of range Pull it back up 2300, you wanna see The absorption around here If we start dragging it down Just say, you know what We'll try long tomorrow And that's what you're looking for And that's sort of How you can Become a better trader Having patience Learning to say yourself You know what, it's not worth it Tomorrow, mañana Thank you so much for coming guys I'll catch you guys On the flip side, peace


going to talk about a calligraphy hand, which is reviving a calligraphy hand, which is really fitting because we just had that Steve Jobs video about the importance of calligraphy classes. Sometimes we come across really beautiful specimens of writing just in daily lives, and just as a letter affectionato, you just are enamored with some of these, and you just want to know how to write it.  But sometimes you're not that lucky, and you might not know who wrote it. And sometimes you might come across specimens that are just so old that nobody even remembers the original calligrapher who wrote it. And that's what happened to me. I was browsing eBay one really late night as we all do in our really exciting lives, and I came across this manuscript. And for a mere $30, crazy, I got this 15th century manuscript, and I was just completely enamored, and I wanted to know how to write it. And I went to all the calligraphers that I knew, and I asked if there was anyone that was practicing in this style, and the inevitable answer was that I would have to figure it out for myself. So I set out to do it. I started out with doing a lot of research. I started to rate all the books that I had to figure out what style it was, and eventually I came to the conclusion that it was written in a style called Patard, which was invented around the 14th to 15th century. Here's a chart from Hildegard Korber's book where she talks about the development of different hands, and I had to cut this chart off a little bit short because there was more at the top, but we can see that most Gothic hands hail from Carolingian, which was the most dominant hand in Western Europe, around the 800 to the 1200s. And we can see that Patard on the lower right side hails from Gothic cursive. It's a formalized version of the Gothic cursive. This is a hand that Shakespeare might have written in. And I wanted to know what was happening around this time. Calligraphy just doesn't happen in a vacuum. It was used as a form of communication, as a method of recording knowledge, and what was happening around this time. And so I saw these Gothic forms. They had a lot of relation to Gothic architecture of the time. If you see these Gothic arches, you can see them looking very similar to the Gothic arches of the ends or the ends. And this is the start of the Renaissance. People are starting to be literate. They are seeking knowledge, and books are really high in demand. This is the same time that Gutenberg has invented printing in Western Europe. He has invented movable metal type, modeled after textura. And it's very straight and it's very rigid. And if you compare it to Batard, we can see that Batard is more flowing. It has more curves, more thins. It's quite delicate compared to textura, which the Gutenberg Bible, the metal type, is based off of. And I would like to compare this to the resurgence of hand lettering today. Hand lettering today is popular because it is a response to the static nature of digital design, although things might change with variable fonts, apparently. So if we think about the scribes back in this day, maybe the scribes wanted to show off what they could do that technology of that day just could not. And then I had to analyze the manuscript itself. I had to figure it out everything that I could know about it, at least the amount that I need to figure out how to write it. And this is a photo of my workstation where I have this really big, giant, magnifying glass lamp. And I was looking at this little manuscript page. That's a little quarter. That's how small it is. It's crazy. It's so small. I can't even imagine reading in that size, let alone writing in it. So, amazing stuff. So if you look closely at this Batard sample, it's from a book of ours. The book of ours is the most common type of manuscript that is found today. It was a type of book that, well, I'll just say rich people would carry around to help them pray at certain times of the day. And we can see all these ligatures that don't exist for us today. We can assume that this is because the materials that were needed to create this manuscript were so precious that they wanted to save material as much as possible. This manuscript is made out of sheepskin. So if you can imagine the amount of animal that was needed to just create one book, you can imagine that the scribe wanted to save as much space as possible. There are so many archaic forms going on. This carrot-shaped F is actually a long S. It's just beautiful. And it just contains so many forms that we don't see today. So I look towards to Edward Johnson. Edward Johnson is the famous British calligraphy rivalist. And back in his day, there were no calligraphers. So he also had to start from scratch in order to revive calligraphy. And these are his seven rules. So there are pen scale, pen angles, the shape of the O, then the ductus, which is the way a letter is written, the number of the strokes, the order of the strokes, the direction, and the speed. Now, some things are easier than others. The speed you might never figure out unless you're looking at the scribe and the flesh. But some things are easier. For the pen scale, you measure the widest point of the letter, because that is probably the width that the tool was, usually a nib. So using this nib width as a measurement, you measure different parts of the letter. So for the body, it was around 3.5. The ascender was pretty short, 1.5. The inner linear spacing varies quite a bit, but it's usually around an average of 3. The descender I left as a question mark, because these are really long, spindly lines that just stab into the letter underneath. So that was a little vague. And the pen angle was mostly around 42, although the entry and exit strokes are a little bit steeper. And I assume that's because the scribe wanted to cram in more words per line. So the scribe was probably trying to connect them a little bit closer. And then I had to figure out what each letter was supposed to look like. This is just from one side of the manuscript. There's 12 different kinds here I'm showing. And if you look on the lower left side, it's really, really wide. But if you look at the top left, it's almond shaped. So which shape is the shape that you're supposed to be looking at? And so I used a little bit of Photoshop. I overlaid these 12 O's. And you can see that there's an average O shape starting to emerge. Maybe that is the target that I should be targeting. So using this method, I was able to analyze the more common letters that I found in this manuscript. And I needed to do detective work for some letters, such as this M. I was using the logic that the scribe would have wanted to be most efficient as possible. The scribe is probably trying to get the most precision, the fastest way that he could write it. And using all these different ways of thinking, I was able to try out different ways. And if you look at the top row of these M's, I was trying out this method where I was lifting my pen twice, and I was stabbing each letter. And then it was creating these little triangle ink wells because ink is a physical matter. It responds to the tool that is touching it. And it just seemed really laborious and time-consuming. It just didn't look right. And then eventually it got to the conclusion that it was probably the method used in the third row, where you would have to stop and adjust the paint angle twice. But you wouldn't have to lift it. Then I was analyzing the skeletal structure of the script. I was trying to figure out the relationship between each letter and the rhythm of the script. And the way I did this was by enlarging the manuscript at a really large size. And then I put a vellum over it. Then I was tracing it with a pencil. Now this method is beneficial because you might get bogged down with how the ink is working. You might get bogged down with the angle of the nib. You might get caught up in all these technical details when you're trying to figure out one thing at a time. That is the most important thing. You're just trying to figure out one thing. And that's how you go about it. And I was trying to write in all these different sizes. Calligraphy is a very physical activity. We use our bodies. And when you're writing at a really large size, you tend to look at the letter at a larger size. So you might be looking at how precise the form is. What is this angle? You're looking at the blacks of the letter rather than the whites. As opposed to when you're writing at a smaller size, you might be thinking about the distance between each letter rather than getting caught up in the arches of the ends or the ends. You might be focusing on the distance between each line. You might be focusing on the rhythm. So this is a tree versus a forest scenario where you need to figure out both. And then after I figured out the basic forms and I had a sense of how to write this hand, I started thinking about what I could do with it as a person in 2018. I know how to cut quills. They're amazing to write with. But they take so much time. And I love them, but it's just really impractical to keep on writing with quills. And although the original manuscript was probably written with a quill, I wasn't about to keep on doing that. So I had to change the nature of the letters a little bit. And if you look at a metal nib, it behaves in a similar manner to a quill, but it's more rigid. So if we think about the ways that a metal nib creates strokes, there is 100% contact where you lay down the pen on the paper and it creates a mark. And then in the second photo right here, I'm showing the transition where you have 100% contact and then you lay onto the corner of the nib. And it creates that sharp little line.  So in this descender, I'm showing where I was slowly transitioning from a full contact to the corner. So you're getting this width variation in between. I think we often forget as digital people that calligraphy or doing anything by hand, the tool can really affect how the letter looks like. And it's not just a zero and 100%. There is everything in between. And so here you can see the script starting to change a little bit. So if you compare it to the original on the left-hand side to what I was initially trying out on the right-hand side, you can see that the rhythm of the script is a little bit more regular. I've gotten rid of the archaic looking S in favor of a more regular rhythm. And I had to figure out what letters would look like when I didn't have a sample in my manuscript. So this is an example of some work I was doing with a K, where I had these letters that vaguely looked like elements that I could pull from, which are on the top row. And I was seeing what my K could look like. So it could have this rounded A center like the H, but maybe it could taper off like the T. And for the leg of the K, maybe it could come around in an elegant manner like the H, but maybe it could stop at the baseline like the M. There's no right or wrong. You're just doing a lot of detective work to figure out what works for the vision that you have. So I figured out a basic level of a character set, where I got rid of the archaic looking forms. The R is more Roman, so is the S. And then from here, I started to think about what it could actually be like, what I could use it for. And although the book of ours is a long form manuscript, if you've got a sales receipt that looked like this with really tiny vatard, you might be hard pressed to read it. And if you're the one sending out the invoice, maybe you might never get paid. So I had to think about what I would use this for. Maybe it's better for display situations rather than text. Maybe it's better at a large scale size, because these are gothic forms. They're a little bit hard to read, although I brought in more curves into it. So perhaps it's better as a festival logo. Or when it's in a really short word format for fancy occasions, or food packaging, or a band. So once I started to redefine what I was using this script for, that opened a whole new world of thinking. This is when I started to transition from just taking what I had figured out on a technical level and trying to see what I could use this hand for for myself. So I came up with all these different alternates. This is the part where I was having a ton of fun. I was trying to see what I could do. If you see the bottom row, I have five different y's. This is just a small sample set from everything that I was doing. Maybe you want a diagonal y, but maybe you want a u-shaped y. O.G. open type features. I was making that joke to myself. And I want to point out that everything that I'm sharing today is just process. For a finalized piece of calligraphy work, I would have written the same thing over and over and over multiple times before I would even show a sample of what I was doing. So it's honestly a little bit vulnerable for me to show all this process because everything is not perfect. And as a designer, I'm used to perfecting everything before I'm showing it to the public. But I wanted to show everything as it was. Everything I'm showing is not manipulated in any way. I just literally scanned it and plopped it on my slides. And that's why sometimes the spacing might be a little off. The forms might be a little off. But I'm not trying to be perfect here. I'm just trying to get it into my muscle memory and seeing what I can do. Because when you're creating something that's so personal, you really have to think about what it means for you to be doing this. And calligraphy is such a physical activity. You have to think about different sizes. If you're writing at a really large scale, you might be using your shoulders. You might be using your arm at a smaller size. And then maybe you might be using your wrist. And at the smallest size, you might be using your finger joints. And that is no small matter. It really changes the way you think about letters. And so I started to get into more modern forms of writing. And this is where I started to try all these crazy, different variations. I shortened the x-height a little bit to see what that would do. So that created a script that was a little bit wider, that was a little bit darker, and more contrasty. And then it went all crazy. And there was crazy, tall x-height to see what that would do. So it creates a more pointy-looking script, and it's lighter. And the characteristics are just completely different. I even merged it with the different hands that I knew. So here, I merged batard with textura, which has a more flatter. So that's where the flat tops come from, almost like the letters are hanging from a wash line. But the bottoms are round because that's what I kept from batard. And then just for fun, I was trying to see what it would look like when I double-stroke the letters. And then here, I was offsetting my upstrokes, which are really thin. But they're usually covered by the thick stem downstrokes. But I want to offset a little bit to see what that would do. This is just me just going crazy, having a lot of fun. None of these explorations took a long time. This is just me trying to figure out what I can do. Because you have to learn from the past. But when you're reverse-engineering things and trying to figure things out, I think it's really important to redefine what you're looking at and think about what you can do and what you want to use it for. So this is a sample of what I was writing in the later stages, where you can see that the sample on the right is a little bit more tighter than the original manuscript on the left. It's a little bit straighter. It's a little bit more regular. But there's just no denial where it's coming from. The origins are really clear. And so this is just all a process. And I'm still evolving this hand as I go. And I'm hoping that me sharing this journey would hopefully inspire you to go on eBay and buy some manuscript pages and do the same. Thank you.


I had no particular intention of becoming an artist, but was solely prompted by the idea that if I was engaged in some creative activity during my pregnancy, it would benefit the child I was carrying in some way. Her images were not mundane images of women at Wells, but sustained by a rustic symbology, consisting of games invented, rituals performed, and folklore revisited. The intellectually and culturally pungent city of Calcutta contributed largely towards Manu's growth as a painter. A few years after leaving Calcutta, Manu had the opportunity of visiting Benaras. Each climactic moment in Manu's Benaras series spills into another, reminding the spectator of the ephemeral quality of life as well as the immortality of man. I found myself becoming more and more conscious of life, death, fear, and many such thoughts which had till now not affected me at all. In Manu's work is seen the absorption of various genres, plays, playfulness, Robin Ranath Thakur's vision, and the rugged vigor and vibrance of the German expressionists. Manu's tutored sensibility offers apt counterpoints to his wife's raw, albeit potent feel for art. Her premise seems to spring from the strong traditions of Indian society, yet there exists an affinity with Paul Clay, Miro, and others. The natural leanings of Manisha and Deepa have prompted them to choose a career which is in keeping with that of their parents. While Manisha is herself a painter, Deepa is training to be a commercial artist, profoundly different yet complementary to each other. Manu and Madhavi Parik continue in their perusal of life of art.


Cal students for equal rights and thought education, whether known as CalServe, has been a major player in the Berkeley political scene. With Election Day coming up, CalTV's interviewed some of this year's CalServe candidates for Senate. Hello, my name's Alana Banks. My name is Kylie Bonko. My name's Yolette Alvarez, and I'm currently running for ASUC Senate with CalServe. Alana Banks is a third year student hoping to represent students in the queer, disabled, and black communities. Her platforms include enhancing financial aid by making it more accessible, recruiting and retaining underrepresented communities, and revising the Sabal students program. So there's a lot of things that people don't talk about across communities, and I think that one of my biggest goals is to be like, hey, I'm queer, I'm black, I'm a woman, and I want all of us to come together and talk about all of these hard topics. I'm also disabled, like, hey, let's have a conversation. I think that's really the first step. And even if I just set that precedent and it keeps going, generations to come, that's cool with me, as long as we start those conversations. Kylie Vonkos is a second year hoping to represent the business community. His platforms include expanding immediate support for anxiety and stress, enriching study spaces by increasing student resources, and creating an entrepreneurial lab. I feel that different representation from different parts of the student body is definitely very important. Basically, I wanna have more safe zones for students to go to who have anxiety conditions like myself. Basically, areas I think I can arrest if they have a panic attack or high levels of stress throughout the day. My second one is geared toward having more rentable technology in places like Castle Cando Library. Basically, so students can run iPads or laptops, take them to class really quickly, do some notes, and then take them and return them back, intended for really short-term use. The Alvarez is a transfer student and student parent hoping to represent non-traditional entry students. Her platforms include increasing education opportunities for student parents, expanding the Center for Educational Equity and Excellence, and making the university housing more affordable. I can bring new ideas to the table that other ASUC senators, perhaps, might not have gone through. And at the same time, I feel that there hasn't been... Student parents haven't been represented in ASUC government in a very long time, and I feel that that's extremely important. And so we need to keep in mind that student parents do exist on this campus and they do matter. Good luck to all candidates in the upcoming election, and make sure to vote starting April 7th.


Hey everyone, I'm Surya, and I'm an engineer working in the OpenShift networking team at Red Hat. And this is Patrick, my colleague, he also works in the same team. And we are both together here today to talk about OVN Kubernetes, which is the default CNI in OpenShift from the 4.12 release. This is the brief agenda that we'll be covering today. We will first start with the basics of what is Kubernetes in OpenShift networking. Can we have a show of hands if you have used Kubernetes OpenShift before? Yeah, that makes my job easier then. So once we finish the basics of that, we'll go over to saying what is OVN and what is OVN Kubernetes. And then why did we move to OVN Kubernetes? And I realize I have not explained what the acronym OVN stands for, right? So we will also look at that in a minute. And what are the differences of OVN Kubernetes from its predecessor, the legacy CNI plugin, STN, software-defined networking. We will also look at what that plugin is. And finally, we'll talk about how this works, right? How does OVN work? What are all the components under its hood? We'll try to show a live demo of how everything works together and how do you get networking on your cluster. So Kubernetes networking. So the fundamentals are, you know, every pod must have a unique IP. So you must allocate an IP to a pod that's unique across the entire cluster. The pod must be able to talk to other pods in the cluster, to other nodes in the cluster, and even to external entities outside the cluster, right? So basically, Kubernetes networking model defines that you need to have networking set up as soon as the pod comes up. And this is like the basic. However, we all know that Kubernetes is just a bunch of APIs, right? So it does not really provide a networking solution by default. And that is where we need portable plugins to come on top that can work with Kubernetes cluster. And such plugins that provide networking to a Kubernetes cluster are known as CNIs, container network interface. And this is an upstream community that defines a set of standards and how a CNI is supposed to be written. And as per those CNI specification standards, OVN Kubernetes has been written. So it is one such CNI plugin that provides networking in a Kubernetes cluster. There are plenty of others out there, like Calico, Sillium, and Treya that you might have heard of, but OVNK is just a counterpart or another yet CNI. OpenShift Networking. So like I mentioned, OVN Kubernetes is the default CNI in OpenShift.  And even for networking, we use an operator. It's called the cluster network operator. And that is in charge of deploying all the demon sets and the deployments that are required for the network infrastructure to come up. And CNI supports two plugins. Like I mentioned, the legacy one, which is OpenShift SDN, and the new one, the shiny one, OVN Kubernetes. And that is the default from the 4.12 release. And between the CNO and the specific CNI plugins, we have a jam, which is Maltis, right? And Maltis is a meta CNI, we say. What it does is it allows an inception, so it invokes other CNI plugins. So it is a CNI that invokes other CNIs. So let's say, for example, in a pod, you want to set up multiple interfaces on it. So you can invoke the OVN Kubernetes or the SDN CNI to configure the primary interface for a pod. And then you can have a secondary interface using SRIOV, right? Maybe you want to have a secured connection to a storage, which is isolated. So you can use another plugin, and Maltis lets you call multiple plugins to get networking set up for a pod. So these are some of the components in OpenShift that are involved in networking. And we thought this slide is pretty cool because it shows all the CNIs that are supported officially by OpenShift. But the first two are the plugins that Patrick and I, our team manages. The rest of them are third party supported vendor CNI plugins. So coming to OVN Kubernetes, right? So what is OVN Kubernetes? Let's start with defining the acronym, OVN. But before I move to OVN, I realize I should tell you what's SDN, right? Because I told you that we're moving from SDN to OVN in OpenShift, and that is our story. We are here to see why that happened. So let's take a look at SDN first. And SDN stands for Software-Defined Networking. It's a legacy network provider in OpenShift. It is also written as per the CNI standards, and it uses two main networking technologies. One of them is IP tables, and the other one is OVS. OVS is Open Virtual Switch. It's just a virtualization technology which creates a multi-layer distributed switch. So you get a virtual switch on each node in your cluster. That's how you can put it simply. And using OVS, SDN provides networking on a part, right? So it hooks up and it creates the necessary entities, the floors, everything you need to get the part up and running in the networking arena. But we also have services in Kubernetes, right? So we have cluster IPs, node ports, load balancers, in Kubernetes clusters. How are they implemented in SDN? That's where IP tables come into play. So SDN uses IP tables, a lot of nested IP tables for setting up services and OVS to set up the pod networking. And using these two technologies, it's able to manage the entire networking lifecycle of a pod in a cluster. Another interesting point is when you have pods across the nodes, you need them to be able to communicate to each other. And pod-to-pod communication on a node, often known on a cluster, often known as overlay networking, is achieved in SDN by using BXLAN, the virtual extensible local area network protocol. And this supports east-west traffic. And now that we've seen what SDN is, if you now move towards OVN-K, which is the star of our show, it's an open source project which provides robust network solution to your clusters, in Kubernetes clusters. It has OVN, open virtual networking stack, on top of OVS. So that's the extra piece here, which is really what you should take away from here. So SDN is also using OVS, like I said. But what does OVN-K do extra? It brings this new piece called OVN on top, which is the abstraction layer on top of OVS. And that lets you create simple logical network constructs. So it maps things like nodes to routers and switches. So that makes it easy for administrators and infrastructure developers and even users to be able to see those virtual entities that are very similar to your traditional networking stack. Like, this is what you see day in, day out as network administrators.  So that's the key and one of the main reasons why we moved, in fact. And another subtle difference is that we use Genif as a protocol, because it also offers some other subtle advantages to VXLAN. Like, in its header, you're able to store more information, for example. So if you were to compare these two technologies on a high level, like the highlights of them, is both of them use OVS in their base. Both of them have an internet protocol address manager controller. Well, don't get too worried. It's just an IPAM controller that allocates an IP to each pod in your cluster. So it's centralized pod IP allocation. Both of them use OVS flows at the end of the day to create their network policies or any other things that you want to implement. They use either the VXLAN protocol or the Gini protocol to achieve communication across nodes. But that's just a subtle detail. STN uses IP table rules, like I mentioned, for implementing services. OVNK is using OVN abstraction and constructs. And I keep using the word OVN construct. Over and over, we will see what that is in a moment. And NATting, network address translation, this is required for every Kubernetes cluster so that the pods can talk to outside the cluster, so to internet. And this is achieved, again, using OVN constructs in OVNK versus IP tables. That's the SNAT and SDN. Now that we've seen the walk, let's look at the why. Why did we move to OVN Kubernetes? OVN is the new abstraction layer. I think we already mentioned this. This allows for easier development. So as developers, if you want to add new features on top, we have a whole new engine that can let you create such abstraction constructs on your network topology. And that can help you easily add on new features versus in SDN, you had to directly touch open flows. And this is complicated. And you had to have more understanding of another technology, and that made things a bit convoluted. The other thing is the flexible and expandable architecture that OVNK provides using OVN. So you're just connecting nodes across the cluster using routers and switches. We will show this in detail in a demo. Versus in SDN, you were using IP tables for services and OVS flows, but it was too restrictive. You could not do many of the things that you would want to do with telco use cases. The final thing, open source. So SDN was something specifically created for OpenShift. And we wanted to take our project in open source direction. So OVNK has contributors who are not just from OpenShift or not just from Red Hat. We have a vibrant upstream community. So we wanted to intentionally move in that direction. So these are the three wins that I would say that we get out of OVNK. And finally, coming to the how part of our story. So how does all of this actually work under the hood, right? So with any component in Kubernetes cluster, even the networking component has some parts running on the control plane nodes in your cluster, and other parts that are running on the data plane. So if we look at the control plane parts, the parts that are in Violet or Popo here, the OVNCubeMaster, that's the OVNCubinatus component, right? And the pink ones, they are just details you can even ignore them, but they are the core OVN pieces. So they are the bits that provide that abstraction that I mentioned. So what OVNCubinatus mastered us is mainly two things. One, it gives out IPs to pods, right? So it allocates IPs across all the pods in your cluster. The second thing is it's continuously watching for all the Kubernetes API objects that are created. It translates each of them into OVN logical entities, and it stores these entities in a database. So this is happening across in a centralized manner in the three control planes. And once these entities are created, let's say OVN and OVS are doing some magic, right? So they are creating, they're taking all these entities and doing the necessary plumbing and creating the flows that are required for networking to function on a cluster. And we talked about OVN constructs. So this is where they come in, like the logical entities. So if you take a node in a Kubernetes cluster as an example, and when you create a node, a corresponding thing that OVNCubinatus master does is it translates this node into a specific switch, a router, some policies. So it does that abstraction for you where it converts a node as, okay, I need to plumb a switch for this node. I need to now create a router for this node, right? So, and then imagine multiple nodes in the cluster. So you're gonna have multiple routers and all of these are connected by switches. So you get this whole network topology, logical apps traction at the end of the day. And this is very similar to how you see in traditional on-prem networking. And another thing, like let's say namespace, right? It's a very common entity that we create. And a namespace is just a bunch of pods that are tracked over there or services, right? So if you take pods and a namespace as an example, we might want to track all the IPs of those pods. So we create a logical entity called an address set, which is a collection of IPs, right? And that's used to provide a specific functionality for features. If you take a pod as an example, a pod is translated into a logical switch port. So it's a port on a switch. So you have a switch creator for each node. All the pods on that node will be a port that are hooked to the same switch. And the switches amongst different nodes will talk through a router, right? So it's basic networking here. And the same for services and endpoints. So each of them are translated into entities called load balancers. And Patrick will talk about them in detail. So those are the things happening on the control plane. And once the control plane aspects are dealt with, on the data plane that is running on each worker node in the cluster, we also have a lot of things actually going on. So like I mentioned, the master has now allocated an IP to the pod in the cluster. Once the IP is allocated, the CNI aspect, the actual binary that is doing the CNI add event is located on the node. So the OVNCube node pod is continuously also watching for these IP annotations that the master does. And once master's finished its job, the node takes over. And the node is literally creating the virtual ethernet pair that's required for the pod. It's actually setting up the plumbing inside the OVS that is required for the pod to have its networking up and so on. So the CNI executable commands, like we mentioned, which is done as per the CNI specifications, is all executed by the node component. And in the node also, we have these pink magic containers that are translating these entities which we created in the database in your control plane into flows, traffic flows, let's say, for simplicity. And now that I've covered all the fundamentals and the theory aspect of it, we go to the cool part, which is the demo aspect where Patrick is gonna show everything that I said but on an actual live cluster. So over to you, Patrick. Hi, everyone. My name is Patrick. I'm from Red Hat and I work with Suria on Open Kubernetes and general OpenShift networking. So what we have prepared here is how all of what Suria just shared with us ties into an actual cluster. So for our general upstream development, we are using kind. So in the recorded demo, I'll first clone our upstream repository, which all of you can easily do. And then we'll move to actually starting up a cluster. So as I said, we are using kind. Kind is Kubernetes in Docker. So for every container that Docker creates, you will see a Kubernetes node. So we've prepared in our upstream repo a very neat script that allows you to, with one command to create a kind cluster that actually uses our CNI, Open Kubernetes, as it's networking. As you can see, there is a ton of options that you can choose from to set up different scenarios like IPv4, IPv6, dual stack, and all of different features that are available in Open Kubernetes. As I said, to set up the cluster, you just need to run one command. It will take around five minutes to set it up. I'll fast forward here so we don't waste too much time. As you can see, we build all of our containers, we've set up the Kubernetes cluster, and at the end we apply simple YAML files that take care of deploying Open Kubernetes into a cluster that initially doesn't have any CNI on it. Okay, just tying it back to kind, if any one of you is not aware. As you can see, we have three nodes, Open Control Plane, Open Worker, and Open Worker 2. These are, of course, represented as Docker containers, and we have a little bit of an exception here, and if you exit into any of those Docker containers, you can see that inside there are more containers that are running inside. So there is cryo and you can see that there are additional containers running on our Worker node. Now, moving on to Open Kubernetes. As Surya said, we have a Control Plane and the Data Plane. The two top pods contain our Control Plane components. The first one contains Open Databases that we use to store the logical entities. That's the guy here. And the second one, OvenCubeMaster, that's the main piece that does the translation between Kubernetes and OVEN. So this is the component that will create logical entities in our NVDB that will be, that I'll talk about more in the next slide. Of course, we also need to provision the Data Plane components, and as you can see, the next piece is OvenCubeNode. This is a Damian set that runs on every node in the cluster, and you can see that in the nodes section, and it contains OvenCubeNode pod. That pod runs the actual CNI. So when a pod gets created, Kubelet will call the container runtime, which will then make a call to the CNI, and will take that call and provision pod networking for every pod that's clustered network. Additionally, and that's something that's upstream specific, you can see that there are OVS node pods. These are running OVS upstream. So these are responsible for setting up the actual flows and applying them to actual packets. So after all of these layers of abstractions coming from Kubernetes to Oven, we configure flows that get applied to each packet that flows through our cluster. This is not something that we have downstream, and in downstream we have a host network service, sorry, we have a system D service that runs on the host. So this is not possible with a simple kind cluster since we have just Docker containers. Additionally, please note that we do not have HA here. I tried to keep it simple for the demo purposes, but of course you can enable it so all of the control plate components would be multiplied to provide the HA functionalities. The key in the IO view can see that all of these pods have IPs that are actually from the host network. This is because we are the CNI. There's no CNI to provide us with any cluster network level networking. So that's something that you will often see in Oven Kubernetes that our data plane pods and control plane pods are host network. And yeah, you can see that they share the same IPs out as the nodes. Let's get back to the slides for a second and talk about how we represent a cluster in Oven. Okay, yeah, as Seria said, the cluster is represented with a bunch of switches and routers and that's it. It's very simple to grasp if you know what the switch and the router is. So as you can see the dotted boxes represent every node in a cluster. So here we only have two but you would get everything that's in the dotted box. You would see on every node of your cluster. Up top you can see the underlay network. This is the network that allows us to connect the nodes and to provide external connectivity to the cluster. And this is not something that we configure and it comes as underlay network so it's provided to us and we can use it to join the nodes. You can see here that every node in the cluster gets a host subnet. This is a subset of the whole cluster network. It's specific per node and all of the pods in that specific node will only have IPs from that host subnet. Starting at the bottom, as Seria mentioned, every pod will get its own logical switch port. Every pod will have it created by us so during the pod creation, we'll create a VIF pair and one of the ends will get connected to the pod net name space and the other would get plugged in into an OVS switch that would then be represented as a logical switch in OVN. So this gives us the advantage that if there are two pods on the same node, they will use that logical switch and its local so there is no need for the traffic to traverse node boundaries. Now, if the pods are located on different nodes and they need to communicate with each other, they need to have something that connects them. So we use a centralized OVN cluster router for that. This is a singular router that will be only one per cluster. So this gives us an opportunity to connect logical switches from different nodes and additionally, it gives us a path to northeast, north-south connectivity so if a pod wants to talk to the internet, it will go through the gateway router. So the gateway router is a node-specific router and it is responsible for providing the ingress and egress functionality out of and to the cluster. As you can see at the top here, it actually takes over the default interface that's on every node. So when you provision OVN Kubernetes, that interface that was the default interface connecting the nodes will get taken over by us and we'll manage it and that thanks to this, we can provide external connectivity and direct traffic as we need to. And one note I wanted to make here, if your pod is host network, which means that it doesn't need the cluster network IP, it's not going to be represented in OVN. It's not going to be represented in OVN and most of the traffic flows it does to external entities will not use OVN. So thanks to it, our CNI uses that approach and we can set up everything before we start handling pods. Let's see how all of that looks in an actual cluster. So I've prepared the trivial YAML file that contains a client pod and a service backed by a deployment with three replicas. So I did that to showcase the very minimal approach that you could take to see all of the components that OVN configures to provide the service and pod to pod connectivity. So how do you actually see what's there? So we applied the pods, we see them here and they all are running and right now to look at the logical representation in OVN. What I do is I enter one of our pods so we can directly interact with the database. So for the remaining part of the demo, you can treat it as the left side contains what's in Kubernetes and the right side represents what's in OVN. So what networking components have we configured that allow the connectivity between pods and services? As I said in my previous slide, we have three nodes and all of them get node-specific gateway router that we use to provide external connectivity basically. And additionally, as you can see, there is just one central OVN cluster router that gives us the possibility to connect pods and services that run on different nodes. There are also logical switches. So every node gets its own logical switch and additionally we use external switches to take over the interface from the host. And we use one joint switch that allows us to basically connect gateway routers into the cluster router. Okay, moving forward. On the left here, you can see pods with a wide which means that you can additionally look at the IP addresses that we've allocated and the nodes that the pod is running on. So here, I show the OVN worker switch. And on that switch, the first port that you see is one of our packing pods for the example service I created. Additionally, you can also see that on the same switch, we have more ports that are not related to that deployment. So all of the cluster network pods that are on a particular node would show up here. We of course have a port that allows us to connect to the router and a port, the worker port that allows us to provide cluster network to host network connectivity. Yeah, same goes for the other switch that hosts the default client and additionally one of the packing pods for our service. So you can compare that to what we see in the Kubernetes world and in matches. And additionally, we see that we have the IP addresses and MAC addresses that we've allocated in OVNK. Let's take one of the logical switch ports as an example. And this is the object that we store in the database that represents one of the logical switch ports. And one interesting thing I would like to point out here, we are using OVNK port security, which is a feature that allows us to restrict the traffic that's allowed in the switch. So anything other from this IP coming from this particular pod won't be allowed. The same goes for the MAC address. So if some rogue user enters the pod net namespace and changes the IP address on the VIF pair from that namespace, we won't allow that traffic. It will get dropped, so that's a neat feature. Additionally, we also see this. This is useful if there are any issues with that port, but here you can see that it's up, so it's functioning correctly. Okay, so we've talked about pod to pod connectivity and how those ports are connected to a switch, but what happens if a pod wants to connect to the internet? What we do in the gateway router, we create an SNAT rule. So we're going to translate the source IP of that particular pod into the IP of the node. So to the outside world, the IP that's egressing the node will be the one of the nodes. So that's the IP address we take from the default networking interface, and then we'll an SNAT, so we'll translate it back when there is a reply from the external line. So as I said at the beginning of this part, we've also created a simple service, and you can see the details of it here. So it's a service with that IP address listening on port 80, and these are the backing pods that are the endpoints for that service. And let's see how that behaves in Oven. So in Oven, we have a construct called load balancer, and it does basically load balancer traffic from this IP address on that port into all of our endpoints that we've defined in the service. The name of this entity is matching the service that we've created. So as you can see, you can easily get the networking representation of what's actually in a Kubernetes cluster. You don't need to look at particular OVS flows, you don't need to dig through layers of IP tables, and it gives you an insight view of how the networking is configured in Oven. Of course, all of this, it's logical representation of the network. It's not something that will actually handle your packets. So what you can see here is a dump of flows that we configure in OVS. So every logical switch, every router and every nut will eventually get translated into an open flow rule that will be applied by OVS and its module in the kernel, pair packet. So it's extremely valuable when you are deploying features and when you are doing it fast to have an abstraction layer that allows you to not deal with all of that because it is really difficult to dig through all of the layers and steps that the packet takes when it traverses your cluster. And that concludes the demo. Yeah, I'll just briefly go over the... Okay. We do have some additional features in Oven K, but we unfortunately don't have time to get over them, sorry. But you can check them out on the slides or you can check out our OpenShift or Oven K documentation for that. And that would be it. Thank you all. And do you have any questions? So the question is, is OVN better at throughput compared to OpenShift SDM? That's an extremely difficult question because to get the answer for it, you would have to specify the exact traffic flow that you use to pull that throughput because it's different when there are multiple hops between pods, when there are different traffic paths and especially if you consider packet sizes, protocols and all that, it gets difficult. At the lowest level, when everything's configured, it's OVS. So it will traverse the OVS data path and then based on the connectivity between the nodes, this will be the engine that handles the packet. So this OVN as itself is an abstraction that in the end will still configure OVS flows. So I would consider them to be similar, but to get any detailed results, it's not really easy to answer that. We use Geneve, so with all of that, with either VXLan or Geneve, there is an overhead, right? And it's something that you can alleviate by using something like hardware offload, right? And as far as I know, it's more difficult to get hardware offload for Geneve but yeah, there is an overhead and I wouldn't think that Geneve is much better than VXLan in terms of the overhead, especially that we pump more data through Geneve because we use the optional header options in Geneve that will increase the packet size. Yeah, you just need two jumbo frames and one traffic path and you'll be good. It seems we are out of time, so thank you all.


So I thought I'd try out my DGI pocket to create a kit. It's a lot easier than my iPhone. So I can just put this in my pocket and we'll see what the technical quality is. So reading this book, once again, Religion in Secular Society, and talks about the rise of the film industry. So the primary purpose historically for religion was to provide emotional reassurance. But now people often find that they get emotional reassurance in more effective ways, such as going to the movies. And so one of the definitions of a studio film is that a studio film confirms your understanding of how the world works. In other words, it provides emotional reassurance. And so people often find a lot more emotional reassurance, more viscerally and more quickly from going to the movies than from going to church. So it used to be that religion met the need for emotional reassurance. That people were troubled by life and they needed reassurance. And there was a common feeling, right, that religion would tap into. But now as society becomes increasingly individualized, as we have more individualized professions, we have more individualized circumstances and experiences, right, we're becoming individuated to use the academic term, then there's no longer that reservoir of common feeling for religion to tap into. So since the 19th century, we've had the explosion of a Veltenshaw, right, a secular world view, right, the expansion of science. Science proves itself in the eyes of man, and it leads to new pragmatic tests for ideological systems. So when religion says, oh, there's no conflict between religion and science, religion is essentially saying we don't want to compete with science, religion is saying essentially that science is won. So the technical achievements of the entertainment industry, of movies and videos like this, that's sufficient to confer interest and stimulate enthusiasm. Now what I'm doing and what movies do on TV, it's detached from the agencies of social control. So religion used to work for social control. And the industry I'm in right now is incredibly competitive and profit seeking. So from the outset, the entertainment industry, the movie industry, appear to immediate appetites and emotions. So religion doesn't offer that quick fix. So there's never any inbuilt or implicit restraint about what movies and TV and videos might offer. It's not in the service of any particular class or nation or political or government agency. So YouTube is ideologically uncommitted, the medium of video, not YouTube, the business. All right, so people who make videos are prepared to test the market, discover what people would pay to see as entertainment. They're prepared to defy social convention and accept immorality. And it's in the interest of profit to do so, and until government interference might occur. So the entertainment industry has been from the outset a challenge to religion. It offers diversion more viscerally and quickly than religion. It offers new interpretations of daily life. It provides new sources of emotional reassurance. And the entertainment industry competes with the time, attention, and money of the public. So spending time with entertainment is not just an alternative way of spending time. It's also an alternative set of moral values. So it's replaced religion's attempt to awaken public sentiments by offering titillation of private emotions. So, overwhelmingly, the entertainment industry has proved more viscerally compelling than organized religion. So as we've had the expansion of literacy, the development of the secular press and the cinema, radio and TV. The church and the synagogue and the mosque have steadily lost their near monopoly on information and their dominance of communication industry. So it used to be public communication was largely from the pulpit, why notices appended to the church door. Remember, Martin Luther attached his 99 theses to the church door. That used to be how you communicated. Prior to the 19th century, intellectual stimulation was almost always religious exhortation. But 19th and 20th centuries have seen the erosion of the church's influence as a source of information. So the clergy have become one of several voices with divergent religious messages. And they're competing with increasingly effective voices in the new technical means of mass communication that offer visceral non-religious distractions. So when the church uses the means of mass communication, it does so only marginally. Compared to the total amount of entertainment, music, news, drama, secular education, other types of information carried on YouTube or TV, radio, press and cinema, religious information counts for just a very tiny part of the pie.


frame at some point but save points I'm not saving the here heck no your perpetual death let us begin okay um coming if you're darest raining arrows up on them yeah arrows dude oh wait they are vulnerable oh dear goodness me oh my smash brothers put everyone over the edge not me because I'm not the smash player so that did absolutely nothing for me but warframe was announced for it and I was like oh yeah what the deuce is this what is that stop hitting me now uh that was very effective see if I can capture what next wait don't I need some some sb to capture was it called a meep you're coming with me meet loot sneeze I just saw that uh oh where was I I must have ended up I couldn't even see my character chat oh boy there I am okay that depth of field though letting my arrow flow let me see I want to capture one of these let's shoot them in the face a few times 30 percent tell who jelly how you doing man welcome to the stream so I'm imagining there's some kind of a limit to what I can how much I can capture and stuff and when I hit it you'll be the first to know trust me oh money stand as though against me then be hunted um what next how do you regain sp does this pass of me let in my arrow fly in true we're gonna use three bps here and see if I get some sb back oh still at four the hunt and I know you have sp potions but I'd rather get them back just by doing stuff take this fortifying nut I bet that's defense I have no idea where I'm at okay I'm going down towards there okay I haven't been over yet letting my arrow flow let's begin coming if thou darest this will get my sp back oh good timing on that coming if thou darest uh let's begin it coming if thou darest how much does lindy cost no sp and no idea I'm gonna use him a lot more so only the hundred skills cost sp at sense yeah yeah yeah maybe summon one of these uh frogs see what they do hey I found this weakness letting my arrow open back nothing out it's fight with a coach I learned new skill yet okay I'm at 88 letting my arrow flow healing grumpy I need to get to a trader so I can buy some more letting us begin letting my arrow fly and true flying true she said coming if thou darest nope now we tax let in the hunt beginning BP charge cat is no joke wow oh I don't need to do any turn the sound down it's like lastly I had to turn OBS down uh no it's gotta be a setting there we go corner shadows I don't know if I did anything just out of curiosity I want to hear Japanese for a little bit okay what you guys escape it's just for a little bit chat I'll get subs up well I don't think you don't get subtitles until you talk to somebody so we'll see psych capturing you I want to hit the luke goblin man he's gonna leave there's gotta be a way to do that all right the axe maybe try to spear I call upon you meet got him it's gonna hurt you more than her she should have captured him retro I hang a lot I'm liking the Japanese voice better I'm just saying it's got nothing to do with the how the emotion sounds I know people like the Japanese has more emotion I just like it better it just sounds better letting my arrow flow through something um to the beach y'all oh that was mean they put it right in front of the chest caca tecoy pick the same makeup cool salvi how you liking her I'm liking her so far I'm like that I can just capture just about anything here I wonder how they say thank you in Japanese I know we should do the prologue in Japanese thank you the idiot let's see um no wait yes just like captured oh sleep we nice I wonder what that does a magic nut no secrets how many things can you uh capture I just found the limit that captures a good way to just stop the fight especially if you're low it's like I'm just gonna capture you I can't beat you spurting fun all right back to the bridge again the bridge again I should say flying sharkfish what friends uh let's see oh we're captured me heck yes I forgot a full chat all right I'll put the I'll put English back on now that I've heard a little of the Japanese yeah Japanese is better I know but people get mad at me man my stream retaliates and revolts they hold protests they do all kinds of stuff because a lot of them they have me in a separate tab and they're not watching we're just listening so they rather hear the English feeling guilty blue jello I didn't even mention you I wasn't even thinking about you hundred skills um let's try this guy the conch on you okay oh poison I'm taking oh you come with me you come with me you are coming with me yes and send mr conch home the music is awesome I'm enjoying it it's just like the same looping stuff you know all right what have we got hello ripple tide ripple tide chat have I been here like my my my uh path skills as provoke we're gonna hold off provoking him all right so we got a sword armor and a yeah I'm gonna need armor um you have an axe he doesn't have an axe round shield bronze vests I should do that black attire you win chat you win I thought I equipped this I could swear I told it to equip I probably hit b instead of a I guarantee you I hit b instead of a I wonder if you can equip from the sell menu all right chest leather vests all right so we got 1800 left that's my oh you just showed equipment menu and do it there we go this is where you could just unequip stuff all right let's go over here we got an iron spear I don't use spears it doesn't change the sprite based on equipment um let in my arrow flow I have nine grapes herb of healing why is that cheaper maybe because it is smaller healing we will take five of each I have 15 of those can I if I go here okay I can't go to equipment here can I heal in town that would be a yes man this game feels so good hello how you doing beverage vendor should I intimidate them that's all right with you how do I get to you in the back there all right this guy's story I think or I get to help her no it's a side quest that's what that means her name is Tressa and she is a merchant tiny port town in the coastline is the only home she's ever known here in Ripple Tide she cuts deals in stock shelves doing all she can to help keep our family shop afloat and from the quay she's walked a thousand times she looks out upon the endless sea and dreams of a wider world period when she is robbed by a band of thieving pirates one day her pride as a merchant won't allow her to back down and so she vows to set off to the pirates den she will need daring allies on the path she has chosen find comrades and add them to your party party party complete chapter one of their story and they will join you on their journey journey journey after chapter one you can change your party members at the tavern tavern town yeah yeah I want to hear the merchants tell this world is brimming with treasures and I know that what I'm searching for is waiting for me out there somewhere so I'll set sail for the horizon and the great big world that lies beyond I was close now I should love Japanese just to hear this is this the new in game for war frame why yes it is ready for another day at work hold your seahorses little lady tell me what are the three things a merchant needs most money power and then some more money everybody's showing some love in the chat thank you so much for the support seahorses what 16 years in a row thank you so much for this support man par be careful out there tressa those pirates have been causing trouble around the tavern is that a minnesota in a little bit of a northern southern can in the exit there I don't all those pirates have to keep a wide berth yeah here sorry yeah hands full got it mom two ripples of a tide chat don't ya know reminds me of myself when I was that age all right guys let's give away a subscription before I forget hopefully this won't break things it did not it did not all right so we're gonna do a 15 minute giveaway for a subscription and this is a tier one sub to my channel if you already are a sub feel free to enter anyway and if you win I'll just give you a sub to your to another stream meeting gold so we met our new sub goal today so we're gonna do this and we also met our tip goal by a big amount so we're gonna do a tier three sub at some point as well so we're gonna set this for 15 minutes um so close to get raffle looks good looks good let's see if we get it right the key word is sub main exclamation point sub me again you can enter you can enter if you are already a sub and if you do win I'll just give this up to your favorite another favorite streamer this yeah um and we'll be giving away a tier three sub later on in this stream I almost forgot to do that today he's running off somewhere we got those five new subs that's why we're doing it ladder yourself dear our tressa is something special it went through davin I think twist chat might just be derping I see two of them from me oh I'm playing with her now neat neat Marlon I see a big one tool with lots of good meat on his bones this much six pennies this one's a wopper junior jeez oh she's a haggler chat she's a haggler she's good uh she's good pleasure doing business thank you uh lutes our lutes thank you davin for the lutes with the word lutes thank you was it thinking he thank you crap what was it what what was it chat I forgot already thinking he it was thinking he right thinking he thinking he thank you all right thank you thank you thank you thank you davin thinking he thinking me I don't know why I wanted to do thank you ye she did good on the fish the hook snagged in hers but I was all right okay so what's her path action beverage all right so let's go to the beverage guy and uh use our path action