As we see, we already have Dr. Bhattra here. We invite both of you to for this fireside chat so that our viewers can benefit from your insights even more. Thank you so much. It was really a pleasure to hear the talk about the five key rules if I may use the five pointers towards digitally transforming any business. And as he rightly said, it starts from the top. It can be top down, it can be bottomed up, but if it starts from the top and it percolates down, then the middle management benefits because really people at the bottom, the millionaires, the younger people are very, very savvy when it comes to digital and they are naturally inclined to doing everything to keep it going.  Let me take up from his talk itself. At the start, he talked about people talk about the fact that there should be a digital council, people who understand how digital is transforming businesses and how the application of digital in every part of the business can yield superior business processes and business results. So how do you select the member of the digital council? Sorry, I just lost the last few words, just a question. I said Deepak, you said you should have a digital council. I got all that. What is the last question? So how do you select who should be the member of the digital council? Yeah, so firstly, I think these people will not know, will not know enough about digital to actually digitize the company.  Like I said, there are three, four government zones to the selection. Number one, it shouldn't be the leadership team, it should be one level. That's when you're getting a host of people in the organization. So it has to be cross-functional because any digital, any digital initiative that you touch, you realize will touch many more functions beyond that because the connected nature of the solution. What is important is that this should be your top talent. What is important is that they should have learning ability. What is important is that they should be able to seamlessly collaborate between functions. According to me, these three, four are the cornerstones of selecting a team. What is not required is that they need to be super knowledgeable about digital ways of advanced cutting-edge digital enterprise. I don't think that's important. What's important is learning. Fantastic. So you're saying people who understand businesses and who are curious minded or open to adopt digital techniques and practices so that they can be implemented. So it can be possibly a mix of senior management and some people who really may be digital evangelists in the company or may have come from an ecosystem where digital usage or penetration was higher. So now let me go on to some of the other points that you make in your address. You're the traditional FNCG enterprise and I know in your last conversation you talked about the fact. This was about 12 months back and we are 16 months into pandemic. You talked about how e-commerce in the chocolate segment and especially in your company was not a big number and you went on to the journey and it's a number that is steadily growing without getting into the specific numbers. Clearly e-commerce became part of your own journey. While you talked about digital in the sense of digital transformation of businesses and you said you have to decide whether you need to achieve digital officer or you need to achieve data officer. Both digital and data go hand in hand. Now tell me in your organization what have you done to be able to bring the elements of digital data together and make sure that every business decision maker is a digital officer and also a chief data officer. In every business you're dealing with data whether it's supply chain management, whether it's marketing and acquisition of customers or it is looking at cost management through data that helps you look at where it can be optimized. So give a sense of what have you done in Mondales to be able to on the supply chain front, on the marketing front and in terms of the internal operations really transforming it digitally and there I say that transforming Mondales into a digital enterprise. I mean it's not a digital enterprise in the classic definition but really moving on to that journey where you're digitally integrated in every function. Yeah so I think I think great question Anurag. So let me try and answer this in two parts. One is you know all these six examples that I gave you the six new spaces right two in marketing is personalizing at scale first party data. The second one was a GM example that we have started on that journey as well. So it's not yet in any full-blown shape but all the other five except using first party data I talked about personalizing at scale I talked about using big data to expand the situation using machine learning about the orders augmented reality shift line or IoT connecting devices or ship's poison to run a factory on this home and on this laptop all these are our use cases which we have done. I'll talk about the rest of us part of the answer. The second part of the answer is what then are the key elements which have worked for us in digitizing the enterprise. I think that's what we're getting at. So if I look at it you know first digital has to be picked into the business strategy you can't be sitting in the territory. It has to be seen as a driver of comparative advantage and therefore successful enterprises have a clear articulation of how digital will transform the business and not just in terms of projects and technologies but also in terms of capabilities and ways of working. Now for example we are focusing around these three charts same marketing and strategy and they have all been baked in us back then everything has tests and learns everything has milestones everything has costs everything has got ROI. ROI is not the perfect work is in the ballpark in some cases we get huge force multipliers in some cases we don't but I think the the leading with the first thought saying it has to be a part of your strategy it can't be on the territory. Second is leaders need to work better and this is very difficult because in at least in a conventional company while our leadership team or average age is less than 45 but still not everybody is a millennial now at least I didn't grow up and I believe the centennials and millennials have so this is not a this is not a native skill it's not my native suit so this is certain things which are a quack skill so I appreciate that I'm not going to be the most most enjoyed at this but the fact is I cannot stay away from this. Now the business leaders need to have a bare minimum let's say a business level appreciation of its real technologies we don't need to be more of it neither need to treat this as a pariah as a technical thing I think leaders need to walk the talk they are constantly learning and balancing outside day and inside out ideas sponsoring initiatives you know which bring in small wins and I think that's very important starting with small wins so that we get the encouragement and energy as leaders to say yeah it is working and how do I sort of you know expand the theme and we have done this very well so it's a suggested order that I talked to you about right giving the perfect order it's something that we started version 1.0 was let's just use historical data what has he sold and what has he what has he bought and how could you form your order better then we started saying okay let's look at the three other sorts who are similar types then he said let's look for you know big data outside the argument so leaders working the talk is important you can leave it for some only for the IT department to do it won't happen the other big element of success for us has been you know we need to build the culture for this entire thing so and we need to build the skills so I talked about capabilities right I talked about no code no code this is what you can write something without doing the how to code it in a in a software language the second one I talked about which is certified around 20 people this online market tips people who are then trained on digital so this is a lot of things coming together it will be difficult for me to now go by every function but if you get the thing I think you know it has to be part of strategy leaders say we need it we need to build the capabilities we need to build the culture fantastic one one of the things that I learned when I started my career I was software engineer before I went to is to what we used to call a killer app I used to work on rdb ms if there was before oracle there was a rdb ms called increase they would say killer app which means do something which is like a small proof of concept get it going in the organization and then scale it up across the organization so like you said start with something that could be very basic and small but then use it to kind of you know implement you know showcase the success of that to be able to get it assimilated on in the organization now let me tell you when you benchmark yourself when I say yourselves I mean really the eye talk of the organization mondial is mondial is India what are some of the organizations that are not in your sector but you look up to them and you look at what they do and in some way benefit and learn from it and implement that in mondial is India a lot of sectors so even before that that makes it two of us I started my career I'm also a 20s engineer I also started my career doing some source work right so in those days you will even know there's a chip called 8486 so we used to do some application and some system level software system level code writing of course so makes it two of us but the question that you ask is great so how should I apply to this which part of that that question basically I'm saying you look at companies beyond your domain and learn from the best practices whether I mean for example I look at what amazon does it's a company that all of us look at I may not be anywhere close to the scale there but there's still some inspiration you get from them you look at you know technology companies yeah so if I look at it like this you know so there are companies that we can learn outside of our domain take for example folks like you know make my trip if you look at the way they have been able to use data customize the things the same to you this is how they understand your traveling needs and requirements right and and all your vacationing needs requirements it's a great inspiration I'm sure they will be operating with hundreds of millions of consumer records so how will you get there in the next three to five years they're fundamentally need to know the consumer so that they can feed the right uh uh travel flight or vacation bites for us it could be to feed the right snacking insects or uh or how do we get them snacks at home or how do we snack at home so there's a lot that we could learn from that industry so item by item it could be different now the other industry that we could surely learn from we actually want to partner with is let's say uh google google analytics has got huge repertoire of information technology and capabilities like so it's not that we need to learn from them I think we use them as a partner that's a part of the interaction likewise if you look at facebook instagram uh watch that I think that they got a they got a wonderful set of tools the tools that you call killer apps right so which of them is one and and how do we partner them on social platforms is one of the things so so when you want to learn you learn from certain companies for inspiration who you learn in the part of the interaction so those are the two big things that you might absolutely as you move forward you know we're in the mid of 2021 as we move forward into you know there'll be a festive season hopefully hopefully I'm hoping there'll be no third wave or at least we'll be more responsible in the way we conduct ourselves as well as the you know the administration would have a better grip but hopefully this devali would be a better devali in devali is a good season for the product category that you're in right gifting usage of chocolate for everything and those months of september october norm but December are a very big months for your category right now what would you do differently I'm not asking you to reveal all your plans and but directionally and philosophically what would you do differently in these very important market months then you did possibly two years back yeah so like it started with that while we may want to wish it away a real thing cannot be wished away today even that these are festive seasons very social in nature and if we have large congregations and gatherings they can become super spreaders right so in that context I think you know one of the things that we are preparing ourselves for is to say what if the wave strikes during the value adjust that's a big season for us right it would mean we need to learn and adapt to running it very very differently than the way we are running so far so one thing that would happen then is a huge focus of consumers from the neighborhood stores and or e-cups so how do I how do I provide to these these families which offer consumers home delivery or contactless funders to be one of your option could be one of the considerations the second one could be once again we've seen this that in any kind of a of a outbreak I think the the local district authorities are given with two parts from the district and hence we need we start approaching business in India as not as a country but as 700 districts so in which district do we have what level of positivity so do I put my teams out of the market or the positivity is too high do I bring them back and we give them what we improvised on was a telecolonial or a tele sales app so preparing ourselves for virtual selling is another thing preparing ourselves for running our operations district by district I can't say this is my strategy for the future which means I need to skill the people who are who are owning the districts on on impacting the government officials etc right so actually this runs so the big learning has been that if there is anything that is here to stay it is deceptions so how do you still manage deceptions in this how do you still manage running the business with deceptions would be the biggest one fantastic I'll ask you my last question and let you go I'm sure all of us think about the future while we try to be in the moment be mindful of what we are doing give it our best today and you know I know the planning cycles in COVID have become a little short-term and while we in every organization there are people who are flowing for now and there are people who are flowing for future now as a leader who needs such a big and venerable brand and such a large business what are the mega trends you see happening for the next 12 to 18 months whose green shoots you may have seen now you talked about in your last answer looking at districts looking at home delivery still while dealing with each other districts or cities or states in a unique way because the scenarios may be different but what are some of the trends that the viewers on this broadcast people today who are on this in the audience can learn from what are the mega trends that you can spot now which will become even bigger in the next 6 months 12 months 18 months yeah so there are three four things which have got sort of you know accentuated or accelerated because of them too so the first one is nesting at home there are of course a lot of people who are spending significantly more time nesting at home and this could mean this could mean very different things to different companies or different portfolios so if you have an out-of-home consumption portfolio this is the last one if you have an in-home portfolio it's a big one so how do you balance your portfolio could be one big thing the second bit is insecurity in terms of both let's say insecurity financial insecurity is becoming a bigger and a bigger concern because there's of course a lot of sectors which have got hit once and just coming back they'll back it again and hence jobs and hence financial insecurity is becoming a big and that has a huge bearing on the portfolio so we don't sell very expensive products but we still do sell products ranging from 5 rupees to a expanded release and hence we do see gravitate consumers gravitating towards smaller facts and new unit prices of product the third thing that's happening is this entire worry on hygiene and safety and all of these two works so it's not about health and wellness health and wellness is always a trend but I think what's not purely accentuated people's minds is hygiene and safety well if you look at it right I would call hygiene safety and also immunity in that sense right so because of the virulent nature of this disease so what we did a smart thing in one week we provided our pumps to immunity pumps because they had a great immunity pump because almost all the vitamins ions in all that you need for immunity and that's really resonated well with the consumers there seems a way to fracture the brand the other big thing that's happened with consumer sales we are gravitating to brands and products and that's where we look at the daily milk for example standing for generosity and small acts of thank you and the generous acts to humanity per se has been hugely helpful for us this trend is not going away so it's going to be around for some more time now these are the consumer trends you could talk about many more such consumer trends the other trends are the digital trends which we just talked about today so that's got actually the other big thing that's got accelerated is this in the in the businesses what kind of themes and what kind of culture and what kind of behaviors and what kind of attitudes you're going to have right in mind six so those are the ones that have got really accentuated but what more to come about this in living the pandemic we are not it's not behind us absolutely Deepak I am saying we're living the pandemic it's not behind us we have to work on all scenarios we have to work on digital transformation I hope his six case studies or examples that he brought about help you learn how to transform your organization and your function digitally the fact that he talked about dealing with each district as a unique scenario I hope we don't need that but clearly in the past few months we have needed that and who knows the future would have given you a thinking matrix how to deal with it and clearly he talked about how the chief data officer and the chief digital officer need to collaborate sometimes it can be the same person and I would read it as or hear it as that everyone needs to be chief data officer everyone needs to be chief digital officer so thank you Mr. Iyer for joining the tech month 2021 giving us your inputs telling us how you've done it at Mondaliz India and especially the e-commerce business it was a very small business maybe 20 months back is now a sizable part of the business so clearly a lot of FNCG companies are looking at e-commerce in a big way and especially in the gifting season e-commerce will become even bigger so my three takeaways are one is form a digital council of people who are capable of implementing that in their businesses in their sub-businesses in their department and they are not necessarily people who are digital in their function but people who are open to learning and who are open to being better second is really start with something small make sure it gets implemented and then scale it up and third is clearly do scenario planning we are still living the pandemic we are not out of it so sometimes today being better than yesterday love us to believing that it would be exactly like that tomorrow but not sure so thank you so much Mr. Iyer for talking to us we wish you luck and I'm sure we'll continue to do well on your journey of digital transformation God bless you thank you back to you thank you thank you so much Dr. Bhattra and thank you Mr. Iyer for sharing those insights with all of you was thank you so much for your time thank you


In this study, researchers examined the effects of curcumin on neutrophil activation in response to lipopolysaccharide, LPS. They found that curcumin reduced the production of inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-8, and decreased the phosphorylation of P38 and JNK, but not ERK-1 slash 2. Additionally, they observed that curcumin restored the delayed neutrophil apoptosis caused by LPS stimulation. These findings suggest that curcumin could have potential therapeutic applications for patients with severe sepsis and septic shock. Further clinical trials are needed to confirm these in vitro findings. This article was authored by Q. Bum Cho, Cheon Hee Park, Jungmin Kim, and others.


Good afternoon, everyone. My name is Zuzana Varsa. I'm the Director of Research at OpenFuture. And I would like to welcome all of you to the last panel of this wonderful conference. I know we're standing between you and the final drink, so we'll keep the panel exciting. I have with me a group of excellent experts who bring a wealth of experience and expertise, starting on my right Adriana Groch, co-founder of the Sovereign Tech Fund, Francesca Bria, economist, policy expert, and also former Director of the Italian National Innovation Fund, Paul Keller, Director of Research, not Research Policy at OpenFuture, our gracious host who requires no introduction. Welcome, and last but not least, Mikhail Lenners, who's the Strategy Director at NLNet. And for the next 40 minutes, we'll be making the case for the big EU Open Source Fund. And I'm delighted to be moderating this discussion because we are at a very interesting moment in time. Just two days ago, I attended a conference here in Brussels on antitrust regulation and the New World Order, organized and chaired by the amazing Cristina Caffara. Some of you attended that conference, some of you spoke there, and one of the main takeaways is this absolute certainty that we are at an inflection point and that we are witnessing a paradigm shift in how we think about, in that context, antitrust and competition law, but also regulation more broadly, and related to the role of the state in shaping markets, including the digital market. And the common thread running through the panels was that states cannot repeat the mistakes of the past when it comes to digital markets. The states and public institutions cannot stay at the sidelines and hope that the markets will handle everything on their own. So, in Europe, that recognition has already borne fruit over the last few years. We have seen the adoption of a number of laws that were mentioned here already, so the DMA, the SA, etc. And these legal acts at least have an ambition to handle the biggest challenges of digital markets head on, and this ambition wouldn't be possible without the mistakes that were made in the past. However, there appears to be an increasing recognition, at least in some circles, that regulation alone will not suffice. It needs to be coupled with investment and support in digital infrastructure. And this is the topic of this panel. So later this year we'll have European elections and the new commission will have a new work plan, and afterwards the commission will begin preparing for the adoption of the new multi-annual financial framework, so the timing for putting ideas and making demands could not be better. And so my first question goes to you, Mikhail. We've learned in the previous presentation that the huge majority of projects funded under NGI umbrella is open source. So in a way, NGI could be considered a prototype for this big EU fund that we want to discuss today. So could you explain elaborate a little bit more, what do we actually mean when we say funding for open source projects? Because we learned that this, and we heard a lot about innovation, but we know that innovation is not enough, right? We need funding for maintenance, we need funding for communities, et cetera, et cetera. So how does it look from your experience? So if you look at it, obviously every little pile of money has a tag to it. And NGI was R&D money. It came from the hard traditional piles of money handed out in the cascading. So the limitation that we had is that it had to be R&D. But of course, as we know in the whole ecosystem, you have the research part, like the traditional innovation part, but the development part also involves fixing things that are wrong. I mean, a developer that has a burning house cannot be expected, like has technical debt, cannot be expected to innovate. So you need to solidify these efforts. And then of course, we also see that at the scale that we're operating with 80,000 people in the ecosystem, 1,000 projects that are touched, capacity becomes a problem. There are not enough chip designers in Europe. There are not enough open hardware people in Europe. There are not enough protocol experts in Europe. So you need to grow them. So in some cases, we have to actually start whole educational programs just to keep up our own capacity to support the programs. And of course, that's just a proxy of the actual work happening. So I think when we talk about funding, if we have one fund and it has to do maintenance and it has to do research and innovation and it has to do capacity building, maybe we should already be thinking about different funds because there are different problems. One of the problems, for instance, with capacity building is can you afford to become good at something if you're in a minority group and you're already facing hardship? If you're, I guess, over-representing maybe the open source community is typically over-represented in terms of white males between 20 and 55 with a certain higher education. But if we want to build capacity outside of that, we're going to need separate instruments as well. So it really is a big pile of financial need that we have to project. And I think it's a systemic one. Just like the Erasmus programs, we want to make students travel across Europe and learn about Europe and build skills and see across the borders. Well, maybe for the open source community, we need something similar, systemic. So not something that falls apart when, well, say the European Commission decides to take a left turn or a right turn and abandon the next generation internet program, even though it would be stupid to do so because it's the best program since sliced bread. Thanks for that. Diana, how does it look like from your perspective? You're the co-founder of Sovereign TechFound and although it's still quite young, it can't provide a blueprint for what we're talking about today. So how do you see those challenges in funding open source? And can the lessons learned at the national level in your opinion be translated into the EU level, how the two might interact and maybe what are some of the common misconceptions about funding open source, public funding open source? We have 30 minutes and 50 seconds for this answer. No, where do I start now? There were multiple questions, so maybe about the blueprint first. I think what we need is more actors in this field and not less, especially actors coming in with public money for the public interest. It's not about driving anyone out, it's by bringing more actors in, creating desired resilience and also, dare I say it, redundancy. It's a good thing because as you said, you can take turns and then if you have just one or two actors providing support, that is very dangerous for a community that supports on that kind of support. So it's about the actors, how many and what kind of mission they have and the blueprint the Sovereign Tech Fund provides is now just another addition for how we can learn to scale things up quickly. In my opinion, I think it's good to start with a laser focus on very specific tasks in maybe a smaller environment and then to scale up, then to say this is a very big mission, as you said, many questions and come very top down and then learning on the way, oh it doesn't even work, instead maybe start smaller and then combine forces and build up. And I think the learnings do definitely apply because we're not looking with a narrow focus when it comes to location. So the Sovereign Tech Fund is not funding in Germany. We're looking internationally for projects. We heard that also before, I think Gap said it in his words, it's very important to also not limit this international co-creation and cooperation in the community. So also the programs we design need to take into account how the community works. And there was a third question. Common misconceptions, what was the biggest surprise for you when it started? Yeah, absolutely. The common misconception is I think to always look at the end product first and not think about all the underlying work that needs to happen. So really take into account the chain of steps and software components involved and communities involved and have a holistic approach to really create impact. I know it's more attractive to do something you can showcase, especially working with the public sector. They also like that you can showcase things and the more invisible it becomes, the harder it gets. Also there's no glory in prevention. All those things come into play and they make it sometimes really hard to do the work that is very necessary. Also funds are always limited. We're working with taxpayers money, so that needs to be taken into account. Also we work with public procurement laws. That makes it more hard. So look where you can have a leverage effect and do the work that is maybe harder and less attractive. But do it good because it will scale and create some real impact and then see how this fertile ground leads to some really nice effects. But do not just look at one layer and forget about the rest and think it will sort itself out because it will not. Thanks for that. Paul, Open Future has been arguing for a European Digital Infrastructure Fund. And the economic arguments speak to the imaginations when we hear trillions. We imagine very, very, very big numbers. But what other arguments speak in favor of establishing a fund? In other words, what problems would such a fund solve? So I think we've talked about this idea of a public digital infrastructure fund without necessarily having an exact instrument in mind. But I think we need to shift the discussion. I find it very instrumental what Michiel said at the beginning about if you look how we created this opportunity for the NGI. It's carved out of the research pillar of the EU's budget that comes with certain constraints on the logic, as you described. And we will either be carved, like these activities will be carved out of a pillar, or we will need to argue for our own pillar. And in that sense, this idea of public digital infrastructure or digital public infrastructure is very strategic. We need to make a case why there is a part of society, a part of our societies in the digital realm that needs to be treated separately, that needs to be thought at the very beginning of budget discussions. And you mentioned this is essentially the multi-annual financial framework, a discussion that will take place or will become visible in 2027 again. But we need to be strategic about how we want to position ourselves going in there. And I found it very encouraging to hear some of the lessons on the foundations panel earlier today, where it was about reflection on how this community, which is present here, sort of understood that there is a necessity to act together for a common interest in interfacing with policymakers. That's often very reactive, right? But we need to realize that when there is regulatory measures to be reactive is often sort of what needs to be done. What we tend to forget is that the other side of what public institutions do, budget plan, is like a very predictable process. We can tell you right now, these discussions will be in 2027. And so we need to have this narrative that says there is a need to invest in infrastructure, which carries with it these notions with a stronger focus on things like maintenance of successful products and essential products, but also maybe carries notions of investing into institutions that can carry this infrastructure with it. That narrative, that discussion needs to start now. And I would encourage like the foundations, the other stakeholders in this space to realize that. The earlier you realize, the earlier you invest into taking position with an eye to these discussions, which are to come the more successful we are going to be hopefully in three to four years where we don't have to carve out something out of another budget line, but maybe we can be a budget line. Can I surely respond to that? Maybe let's do the first round and then a round of responses. Because I wanted to comment on this, because our focus right now is the public funding for open source. And that could be seen as this sign of this new wave of approach towards shaping digital markets, stronger role of the state, et cetera. But do you see a place for private funding in such a European fund? Do you think that these two are exclusionary or could you see like a cooperation between the two sources? Well, that comes down to like a fairly interesting like governance question of this specific fund. But if we take a few steps back and just look at let's say funding into the open source or digital commons ecosystem, I think we need to, I actually use a simpler dichotomy than Michiel with his four. I essentially think of like innovation or new funding, new things and then maintaining old or existing things. And on the question of maintaining old and existing things, the big question is why aren't the companies paying more? And I really want to point out that a bunch of companies do pay a lot. We have open SSF, for example. There are investment vehicles in order to maintain this commons. But just like any commons, there is still a sustainability challenge in that a large number of companies extracts or realize, depending on how you see it, huge amounts of value out of open source. The fact that there is a sustainability challenge while so much value is created, I think begs the question is not like do they have a role? It's just why does the government even have to think about this? Well, but the answer there is you learn it in Economics 101. It's a commons challenge. And so I think if there's something that should come with government funding, it's also figuring out the governance structures that need to be put in place to increase the private funding into the sustainability challenge as well. Because commons are not a private or public thing. It's that peculiar thing in the middle. But then when it comes to funding new things, well, I don't know exactly what will be important decisions made by whoever sets up this fund. But private companies, they are going to fund commons in the future as well. They already are. Companies are building together open source every day. And they are putting resources and money into this. And I think here the important thing that governments also have to understand is that there is a massive ecosystem already in place. And they are in this case joining something that already exists and they're not creating something new. But I'm always here with a word of caution around those things. Thanks for that, Francesca. One of the risks of the greater involvement of states in shaping the digital markets is that idea of a big state. So the risk is that when fighting big tech, we end up with a big state. I recall you mentioning that last time I saw you speak. Can you elaborate on that? What are your thoughts on that? Is there like a middle way, like a third way that we can design? Yeah, thank you. First of all, I think it's quite strange that a panel on money happens at the end of the entire conference.  The message, I think, to policymakers to Europe, it's obvious, no? It's like, here we need to think how to strengthen, how to scale, how to invest. I think you want to be pretty clear about that from the upfront at the beginning. Obviously what you're all saying is a lot of things are working. We have a lot of initiatives. They are probably fragmented. We want to see Europe stepping up and make this a fundamental challenge for Europe's future. I think this, in my view, this should be the big message. And for a lot of different reasons, because obviously Europe needs a Europe stuck. I think we all agree on that. And that Europe stuck, we don't. Okay, fine. But I mean, this has done a conversation that we should have. Does Europe need to have a Europe stuck that is open, sovereign and independent? And why do we need, why do we understand as Europeans that technological sovereignty is also economic sovereignty, is also political sovereignty, but it is also about, you know, environmental and social sustainability. This is a vision that I think, you know, it's like giving a directionality to technological advancement in a way that you want to benefit society at large. And I think that's the place where Europe can make a difference to say we have an agenda, technology and economic agenda for public interest. For people first, because we understand that, you know, artificial intelligence, digitization is massively changing society. We have seen it during the pandemic, you know, what it means for education, what it means for healthcare, what it means for the labor market, what it means for cities that are becoming digital in green. So we know that this is a massive transformation of our societies. And I think that's where Europe can really make a difference. Going to your point, I've been always advocating that you have a third way for Europe to come in, which doesn't mean bad competition, it's good competition. So if you have the tech, the big tech giants from Silicon Valley and you have the big state model of China, I think there is a third way for Europe, which is technology in the public interest. And I think if you look to the regulatory, okay, what are the problems? Maybe we don't agree on Europe's stock, but let's see if we agree on the problems. So I think the first problem, and you mentioned the competition conference and antitrust conference, it's a massive concentration of power. Do I need, we agree on that, great. Okay, so we do have an unprecedented industrial concentration of power in the digital economy. And I think that's a space where Europe is doing its, I think, good role. So we are saying we are regulating the digital economy. You mentioned some of the regulatory standards that we're putting in place. Of course, we hope they're global standards. But I think, you know, now there is an antitrust investigation, for example, on open AI and Microsoft deal. Let's see what comes out of that. I mean, there was Lina Khan from the FTC authority. She was pretty determined and I think our colleagues at DigiConnect will do a good job in trying to, you know, create a much better regulatory framework for the digital age. Now, we also understand this is not enough. The DSA, the DMA, you know, all the different regulations, even the AI Act, they're closing it today. If I'm not wrong, I look at commission people and what's happening. This is not enough. That's why we have a digital industrial strategy. I think this is very much needed. It is really much needed because you know how much investment you need. And if you look at the numbers, I'm sorry to say, we do have a technological sovereignty problem. Over 80%, maybe even over 90% of critical dependency. Cloud, chips, critical raw materials, AI, data. We do not control the key infrastructures layer in the digital economy. So this is a problem. It's a problem of economic security, of competitiveness, but also of social welfare. And that's where I get to the point that yes, digital industrial strategy is good, but it's not enough only to copy the models that are out there. So I'm not advocating for Europe to have its big tech. I think what you're doing here is what Europe should have, which is an open sovereign independent ecosystem of technologies in public interest. But this needs a 10 billion fund. I'm sorry, I just want to throw the provocation because I think we are all aware what it takes to maintain and build good software, what it takes to innovate on top of the infrastructure, what it takes to control from the chips to the software to the data. And on top of that, and I finish, I wrap up, build good digital services for citizens. I've been working as a CTO in the city of Barcelona. I know that the narrative cannot only be for geeks. I'm sorry, we can't just say we comply to EU policy. We want to say we have services for you that will improve your life. You know, we want to have actual pan-European interoperable digital open sovereign services that work for citizens. Do we agree on that? Okay, but do we get there? Thank you. Yes, bravo, amen. Francesca, you called out several elephants in the room. So I think I will give the rest of the panel the chance to either react to what the others said or I will just reiterate two of those elephants. One is the question of scale, right? I keep hearing, which irritates me a lot, that public funding will never match private funding and this is as if the public institutions throw in the towel at the beginning. That being said, the question of the scale just repeats that logic of the private industry where bigger is better, maybe bigger isn't always better, well maybe we don't need to match the private funding, maybe we can find a different way. And the other elephant in the room to me is that even the European institutions rely on proprietary software. And how do we move away from that? So whoever wants to react to the question of scale to anything else, Adriana, your first. Just very briefly, I mean, we have the instruments in place now. We just need to scale them up. I mean, we know what we're doing, right? So we know how it works, we know how to scout for the technologies, we know how to contract them. We have some ideas in pilot stage, we have some things that are running smoothly. So we're ready if there's a commitment. And I think this is coming back to what Paul said and Francesca said about there needs to be an understanding of this mission. So yeah, in other words, what we need is political will. It must be. And what we need to do is generate that political will. So I think if we look at what the commission has been doing, for instance, in its own house, we're one of the smallest programs they've done. And arguably the most successful precisely because we weren't drowned by saying, well, why don't you do all of everything? But instead we do small things at a human scale. So the developers in the open source community are humans. And we take their talents. We couldn't scale them up if we wanted to. That's where we need slow and capacity building. We can do more, but if you give us 100 times more budget, I'm very sure we would drown in it. It would literally attract all the wrong actors. So I think the ambition ultimately we scale to a big amount because I think we can pay for our own upkeep. And it's like... Can we afford to wait? What? Can we afford to wait and keep it slow? I think we can scale up and double it and triple it. But doing it 100 times, maybe that's a... In one go, that might be a bit... But also I wanted to take the notion of funding a bit apart because imagine, close your eyes and you can now pick a place where you sleep in an apartment building. It's either Tokyo or Ankara. What do you choose? It's literally simple. There's going to be an earthquake and you can choose. Do you choose the policy where there's no infrastructure? Government has let everything go. There's no policy. There's no structure. What we do inside NGI is a lot of quality assurance. We have audits on everything. We package everything. We do accessibility scans. That's not going to projects. That's funding going to other people checking up on these projects. If there's an earthquake in Ankara, many people die. If there's an earthquake in Tokyo, everybody gets out of the building safe. And I think the digital commons that we're building, if we really want to structure them in a same way, we also have the mechanism steering the quality, steering the whole ecosystem because it's not just funding small isolated things. It's building the whole common ground. I think that was something also said before that publishing the code is just one percent and building the community around it. The ecosystem support for that community is what is needed. As I know, you wanted to comment. Thank you, Francesca. Finally, we've got a number on the table to compare things with. Coming back to my old point about innovation, creating new and maintaining old. The funny thing with the DIT software is that you create new by using a lot of already created software. And that is why I think there might be an important distinction just in the conversation about very clearly different strategies around the maintenance, which is not a big competition question. It is not a zero sum game. We are all depending on this software, be it Europe as challengers in digital markets or countries who have the largest tech companies in the world. We're all dependent on this stuff. And I think that probably politically it will be very valuable to separate these conversations as well because, as I said in my initial statement here today, there is an international space station element of open source sustainability. If it's a 10 billion fund, 2 billion fund, 100 billion fund, I hope that what we're building with, we have made sure to invest into that material and make that stable. It doesn't matter. We need to get that done first. And that is a global challenge and not a European challenge. Paul, over to you. I just want to respond a little bit to that assumption that it's difficult to scale. I think that is one type of work and that doesn't scale what you describe. Or at least not to the scale of 10 billion. But what is missing, when you build infrastructure, you do not have the people who do the building who draw the plans for the infrastructure. You do not have that individual work which scales difficulty, needs to organize on a societal level. It needs to come, it needs to be driven by this idea about the society you want to have and the society that you want to build. And so there is to some degree building capacity to build this infrastructure in an open way. But we also need to relearn as society or we need to reclaim this space of envisaging this infrastructure, requiring the plans that need to be built and need to be filled. And what for me still is one of the things we need to think and come back to the foundations. Foundations are maybe one example, but we probably need to think about other types of institutions for the digital age that help us doing this, that help us building these things. I'm still waiting for sort of, why are we constraining our public institutions, the libraries, the research institutions? Why are they largely constrained by the market? Are pushed out of the digital realm? We need to give them a role back at the center of these types of digital societies that we want to build. We need them to identify what type of infrastructure so that we need. We need to make them the centers of these services for citizens that are delivered, that are useful. And we need both. We need the tools and the ingenuity that comes from developing software, but to some degree we also need to build these bigger lines in which need to be filled by those software systems. That makes me think of a metaphor I've heard recently that Europe cannot be a playground, but must be a player, right? And it seems that these institutions, this public interest institutions have become like a playground for big tech, and now we want to turn them into actual players. Francesca. Yeah, I think I want to mention another elephant in the room. Please do. Just at the very end. So I think we can also agree about the fact... He's going to say no. About the fact that the business model isn't working. I mean, I think this is for me a massive thing. The business model of digital platforms. I mean, I think the question... It was mentioned a little bit, but I think not too much. So the question that monetizing and manipulating personal information and data is undermining European democracy, is undermining democracy overall, but it's certainly very, very concerning. This is still the main business model of the digital age. It is also a question of digital trade. Nowadays, if you look at digital trade, the core is data. It's not even trading. Products and services is the trading of data. And we have seen the massive effect that this has on democracy, on all of us. Not only because it discriminates, but also because massive disinformation, massive... We're going to see also during the election this year, which is a very, very important part for us as liberal democracies. Very clear also in the AI Act, obviously. So how do we turn away this business model that creates... Because it's the business model that creates these problems. So if you say, yes, we're asking companies to actually clean their platforms and to monitor and so on, but if the business model isn't working, then we have to change the business model. And I expect this community to move away from that kind of surveillance capitalism, which is a business model that doesn't work, into a very different, more sustainable business model that also redistributes and creates public value. And yes, that benefits small companies, small businesses, workers, citizens, and a variety of people, because there is massive concentration of power there. And the data is at the very center of this power. We're absolutely running out of time for what I see. We have two and a half minutes. We have two and a half minutes. So let's organize a conference on that topic, but before we do that, closing remarks, let's start with you. Okay, closing. No, no, no, we have to. We are also the ones who are holding back drinks. So then maybe I come, I pick up what Astor said and just as a reminder, we have a number and we identify a need and now it's like, how does this fit in? What is the mission? What is the strategy? So just to tell briefly the story of the sovereign tech fund, we are with the Ministry of Economic Affairs in Germany. So the money is coming from them and we were incubated as a new organization that is having this new mission of investing in the foundations for many other players at the Agency for Disruptive Innovation. So it is not two separate things. Definitely not. And I think this is one of the angles that we need to understand and that we need to talk more about. It's not like handing out some nice easy money gifts to some people who do really valuable work. No, this is really critical and we need to have long-term goals and a strategic mission how to support the individuals, the organizations, how to tie together different actors and do match funding. It's also about the companies, of course, and there needs to be some real vision in this field. Thanks, Mikael. Over to you. Your final remarks. Okay, final remarks is... 15 seconds. Yeah, okay. So, hey, I'm very much looking forward to big society instead of big state or big... So I'm a big fan of doing this the way through civil society and the second thing is we also need to clean up and the cleaning up of basically when new projects come into the world, old projects have to die and we have to learn how to do that and just maintenance of everything is impossible. We will have octogenarians ruling the world, the big masterminds and we need this to have a healthy system where we understand how to, well, evolve the ecosystem and deprecate decade-old technologies that are still dominant and that is a challenge that is extremely hard, intellectually very challenging but we need to solve that in addition to all the other things that were mentioned. Great. Thank you, Esther. Yeah, I may be correcting... I started talking about, oh, this is a global challenge, etc. Sometimes when you say that something is a global challenge some nation states shy away from taking it their own it becomes like a common problem in and of itself so let me revert back from that and just kind of put a challenge to Europe. We might be challenger in the digital markets but we're not poor. Why? I would be incredibly proud if Europe went out, even if it's not Europe's job and we went out and took the lead and secured open source for the world and we did that and that will require so much innovation of auditing there will be maintenance there will be understanding what we need to leave behind but let's just do it. I would be incredibly proud if we just took that responsibility on ourselves. Beautiful call to action. Paul, your call to action. My call to action was to some degree in the first intervention, right? It is a call to action to this community that we need to think strategically about securing the nascent support for these infrastructures which brought us here which brought like all of these thousand projects that we heard about not into being but like allowed us to support them to grow them, to nurture them allowed some of them to fail and we need to think strategically about the learnings from this and then building on the learnings we need to make the case for expanding this that's a challenge for all of us in this room for the next three years. Yeah, I'm very simple just change the narrative be strategic put together what works now the initiative that works connect them put forward a plan and turn NGI into a 10 billion European tax sovereignty fund it's very simple. Thank you.


If we get on and take a look at the NASDAQ futures folks, it's going to get really intriguing because we do have Oracle coming out with numbers the next few minutes. And what you're going to see coming into the close out here is that they sold us down a bit. The bottom line is that these numbers, they move quick, but we just basically sold down about 20 bucks in a heartbeat. And what you do have is that we went into the lows that were established out here at 10 o'clock this morning and you have some volume behind the move. So this is going to be pretty wild watching this shake out because what we will have as these numbers come out, what you will see is that the Oracle will push these around a little and then of course, would you end up happening depending on whether it's good or bad, there's going to be a lot of other stocks that are going to trade with Oracle either up or down. And that will push around those S&P futures. Gold contract, gold contract traded down $13.60 to $12.95. What gold did do, gold got into the strength when we got into its strength of the, actually got into its downdraft with light of volume. We did 237,000 contracts out here. That was going into the first downdraft that was out here on March 1st. That had 343,000 bottom lines that you didn't get to a swing point, still wants higher price. If we go take a look at the GDX, you're going to see all the gold equities, silver equities, they pull back with light of volume. GDX, even with throwing the amount into the close, you still came down with 41 million versus 59. Golds and bonds, they're the ever-ready bunny, folks. They just continue to want higher price. It's pretty amazing, actually. Let's go to the TLT, because the TLT, I had a little volume. So the TLT did have 8.8 million going into 8 million. Bonds are different, though. And the TLT does trade differently. What I've noticed, that's why I just wanted to bring the TLT up right then, is that the TLT definitely trades differently than the actual note and a bond market. Even though the TLT is the 20-year plus ETF, what 20-year plus means is that the coupon has more than 20 years left in order to basically get paid. Stay right there, folks. We have lots of numbers coming out after the close. The recap, we have the Dow industry is up six. NASDAQ down 12. S&P's up 7.5. Come right back.


Hi there, I'm Zach Carlson. I'm the extension beef cow specialist here at North Dakota State University My office is located in Fargo and today we're going to talk a little bit more about Rations and nutritional management for backgrounding specifically looking at starting rations This webinar is part of a series of videos That that are talking about backgrounding and I encourage you to take a look at our other videos to get gained different perspectives on backgrounding So I think when we look at the areas of focus with these newly weaned calves The first one is is really location of the bunks and waters when we think about calves kind of figuring things out within a pen Really, you know that we know they they circle that pen and so placing these bunks and waters in the fence line It's really going to provide a Better way for those calves to identify that source In addition to that we need to make sure we're providing 12 inches or more of bunk space per head And that'll allow calves to be able to get access at feed when feed is delivered Okay, the second area then is really Focusing heavily on intakes and moving calves up on intake as you think about it We're replacing milk and grass with it from a newly weaned calf with an energy dense diet And and so when we think about that we really need to make sure those calves are Working their way up as a percent of their body weight on intake because at first it's going to be quite low as they start to figure things out and In with that we need to also be mindful of introducing new feeds to calves and Having them build up their intake and their appetite made before we introduce some of those feeds So typically the the thought here is with fermented feeds such as halage and silage is that we introduce those Slowly in this first starter period and kind of work our way into that. So as a way Kind of to to combat that as well providing familiar feeds if calves had access to some of these feeds Before they were weaned and so utilizing Crete feed may be in a system like this in addition to keep intakes increasing And we need to think about cleaning those bunks daily for this starter period And so that remove any of that old feed so that we're not we're not the offsetting appetite or intakes by molding or spoiled feeds and then we need to provide shelter when possible To protect these calves against some of the harsh environment that that really just means if we can provide a windbreak of Swords being able to provide that especially when we think about North Dakota winners and what they can bring on Also need to be mindful when there's moisture available in these pen settings How we're controlling for that and making sure calves have an area a dry spot to rest So if we think about what a starter ration or getting calves up on feed really looks like it's it's really Needs to be concentrated on that 14 to 28 days that that early period, you know And that diet really should be somewhere between 50 and 70 percent concentrate Now it can look different than what the calves are going to go on to after the starting ration For instance if we're thinking about a high forage ration, you know And kind of a lower growth system to get these calves to grass then This starter ration should really be around that 50 percent concentrate So still more than what that that grower ration is going to look like But that's because we're talking about low intakes get and so every bite counts if we think about the every mouthful counts for these calves And so providing high energy density In this diet will be best to get these calves going and so but if we're transitioning these calves to make say a higher Concentrate ration giving them to the feedlot then we can we can move that starter ration to 70 percent concentrate When we think about crew protein content of the diet really needs to be at least 14 percent if co-products by products of Are coming into the system then we really need to have you know For more than 14 percent is perfectly fine But but really at least 14 percent to meet that animals Protein requirements and we need to limit the amount of urea in the diet in the starter ration to half percent or less on a dry matter basis and so really need to keep in mind that the protein and we'll talk a little bit more about this needs to Be coming from plant sources and actually you know some of it being bypassed and we'll talk we'll talk on that and just just a few slides Again consider if your if your system utilizes creep Using feeds similar to that creep or maybe even that creep to get these calves started So something again familiar that they that they recognize and King can consume You know and get and get those intakes up We want to keep moisture to you know probably somewhere around 20 to 30 percent in the diet so we don't want the diet too dry is as feeds can fall out you know in a Total mixed ration, but we also need to provide enough to keep that ration conditioned so Somewhere in that 20 30 percent as well as when we think about every bite or every mouthful that that calf takes We want it to be really uniform And so when we think about that and if we're going to incorporate some forges into that we need to really think about grinding and that and Especially getting that diet mixed so that those calves can can every mouthful is a uniform high energy density And so we can we can get those calves intakes going So I've been talking already a lot about feed intakes and and what we should look at and so What I have basically on the left-hand side is calf weight So five five hundred pounds all the way to 650 and so somewhere within that range you know on the bottom is really the the beginning of the starter ration kind of progressing through those first 14 days and What I have listed here is pounds a target pounds of intake on a dry matter basis So we'll operate removing that dry matter so we can or the moisture so we can focus purely on on the nutrient content And what we're providing so in that first day We our goal should be to get calves to be consuming about a percent of their body weight And then as we kind of progress in that first week, you know by the end of the week We really hope hope we're at about a percent and a half You can kind of see how that plays out depending on the the class and size of the animal here And then of course in that fur and then in that second week We're really moving to 1.8 percent or there about somewhere between one and a half and two percent And so by the end of the starter ration and that starting period We really want to be if that's 14 days want to be at two percent You know and then moving our way through as a two and a half percent and kind of Working through that and so it's really critical to be focusing on this as we think about maybe what the diet is But particularly getting cattle to consume that diet. So I wanted the this is Kind of a system that Kansas State utilizes that I that I think really is a an effective way to introduce cattle to You know into a starter system and and looking at how we transition those calves in that first week So if we look at the first seven days and really kind of how to utilize a system What Kansas State has put together is? essentially You have whatever diet grower starter diet that you're going to utilize And and that can that can even be commercial feeds Fit into that fall into that category if that's something you utilize and then we have essentially, you know something familiar to those calves so premium grass hay so You know and essentially what we're looking at right and that first day is providing that 1% of body weight but we're going to split it between the diet we're moving into and and then the the long stem premium grass hay And so really in the first three days you can see we we'll hold constant grass throughout this whole seven day period At a half percent body weight and then we'll slowly incrementally increase the grower starter ration through those seven days But over on the right hand side the feed order really in those first three days having The ability to to essentially put the put what they're most familiar with on top That grass hay in that first three days in the diet on the bottom right and then and then basically make that switch on that on midway through the week And uh flip it and now start providing the concentrate On on top of the hay in the bunk and so working through that until we get to about day seven Again trying to work towards that 1.8% body weight or so So I really do think this is an effective system to get calves to the bunk and and and working On on these intakes and and getting them going This is some data from kansas state that I think does a great job of kind of demonstrating in that first seven days Uh calf intakes based on what they're familiar with in the system So that brown solid line is is calves raised in a dry lot setting And they they were provided a creep feed At about two and a half percent of their body weight And then uh the pasture the dashed brown line was simply calves Coming right off pasture native pasture and so Not provided any creep and then that purple dash line is a Combination so calves that were out on native pasture But had access to the creep feed that the calves in the dry lot were getting At about 1% of their body weight so Really what I think you know observationally looking at this information you can really see The the amount of calves as a percent On the y-axis elevated in terms of Cavs at the bunk for both the the treatments receiving creep feed so you can kind of see what that creep feed looks like on the right hand side there, but But um at any rate, you know providing something Gave those calves of familiarity within that first week and getting those calves through To the bunk and and consuming that diet so Kind of moving towards what should we be focusing on or what's your goal? In terms of the entire backgrounding phase, you know I think obviously your reasoning and and what you have your system is in place already, you know Whether you you're anticipating trying to get a pound to a pound and a half gain All the way up to you know, maybe three pounds is going to change depending on you know Are you are you trying to get your these calves to the next grazing season? Are you trying to add value through a bit of preconditioning in a short, you know backgrounding period? You know, is it developing replacement females or? You know simply marketing grains through these animals and and trying to maximize that gain or You know moving calves into a finishing ration of sorts through this backgrounding period So if we kind of look at maybe what would be considered expected gains in an ideal situation or ideal conditions this is information and the nutrient Requirements of beef cattle in the 2016 But basically what we have is is a depiction of four different rations You know really providing both, you know differences in TDN and in Net energy and if we look at really what that means on an energy system Kind of and looking at gains. That's really just some ballpark numbers to have whether you look at TDN or energy But kind of depending on the gain goals and what you have kind of gearing your diet to look You know something along these lines to have anticipated gains of of their over on the right hand side So if we kind of take that and and and move it a little bit forward with looking at Then energy and protein requirements relative to calf size. So on the left hand side here, we have calf size moving from 400 pounds down to eight and really, you know dry matter intake being listed there and and You know kind of as those calves move based on that body weight, right that initial Kind of goal, you know of that two and a half percent or something along those lines if we look at that But then broken down I have kind of the NEG TDN and crew protein Of a pound and a half gain or two and a half pounds again So you can kind of see the difference there in terms of that NEG that energy Or or the TDN really hasn't changed that much, right? We're providing kind of that that that energy requirement based on that calf size And that really doesn't change all that much in the in the between those animals and really what the driver there is is actually the protein content, right real good demonstration there of you know You know low level of gain and what that crew protein diet should look like in the backgrounding phase as we move through different sizes of animals and so So as we think about, you know picking an end point and figuring out what our average daily gain should be I think it's I think it's important to consider the equation value of gain and calculating that And so how we would do that is say we're buying a calf to background in November Now if you're retaining your calves from your cow calf enterprise, I think you should still You know go through the the calculation at least on paper and looking at if you were to sell that calf And buy it back into your backgrounding system to see if your backgrounding enterprise Is really worth it. You you know and so Evaluating your your calf enterprise separate from your backgrounding enterprise at least on paper and so But if we do consider this a 550 weight calf at 155 100 weight would would cost us $852. Okay, so in November if we're going to put 200 pounds on that calf we'll sell them in march And that and so we'll we'll we'll kind of target a gain of 1.6 pounds sort of there about So the calf we're selling in march now these market values that i'm using are really just rounded numbers that are pretty close to averages for these months So if we sell that 750 weight calf at 145 100 weight That gets us about $1087 so value of gain calculation is simply taking The the sale price accounting for the weight to the calf minus the purchase price So $235 is is really what the margin there is For the backgrounding operation now we take that divided by the gain We put on that calf and that's our value of gain equation You can match this up with a cost of gain and figure out What your true margin is between the cost of gain and the value of that gain and so It's a it's a really useful tool that I think we can implement even when it comes to making decisions on on what Feed stuffs we go with and and what inputs we we place on these calves and how that affects the the margin and looking at The value of that gain based upon our our selection of of the energy and protein in the diet So really um what I wanted to show here is when it comes down Time to select some feeds. We've talked about keeping this starter ration and keeping the the diet that these calves start on Pretty high in energy and energy density. And so if we look at corn there at the top You know crude protein negs or TDN, whichever one you want to kind of focus on You can kind of see some of the the value and some of these feeds available here in North Dakota And uh, something I want to point out that I've said already is that you can look down here at the bottom And look at alfalfa hay and see, you know, the neg of that alfalfa hay Is is about a 0.24 per megacals per pound. And so you can kind of see how When we talk about really, um, you know providing higher concentrate rations, right 50 to 70 concentrate Really the the result there is being if you look across these other feeds and co-products and whatnot You can see that the the energy value difference there between and so keeping that in mind is as we start looking at selections of of Of some of these components as well as, you know The protein that may become from say distillers grains, uh, both an energy and a protein Feed and so it's really kind of fits it's in a niche of its own providing both both protein and energy in these diets and so it kind of makes that unique and and that's Kind of to to move into then looking at total mixed rations and kind of the benefit of that This is an older study out of South Dakota state, but they basically took 72 heifers Split them and then Fed them over 133 days The focus here you can see the diet was the same between Um, the the real difference though was was actually, you know mixing that diet together or providing the ingredients as as individual ingredients into the bunk and so Really looking at a total mixed ration and what the benefits were and so you can see there with the mixed ration over the 133 days those heifers actually had a significant improvement in average daily gain and so this actually equated to a 10 10% more gain over that 133 days, which led to 23 pounds And so it's when you think about it in that in that regards, um, you know a feed mix wagon In the number ahead you're dealing with, you know start penciling in Uh, you know whether that investment may be worth it in overall because we didn't change the diet here It's just how we blended mix that diet and delivered it And so overall those those heifers in the mix group that tmr Actually consumed 61 pounds less of feed as well in the total So again cost savings here when it comes to what it cost you to feed those animals and the gain that you Resulted from our important things to consider even You know if you think you're you're a small enough operation where this couldn't pay off I encourage you to to take a look at this and and look at the benefits of providing a total mixed ration if If keeping calves retaining calves and feeding them is is something you're interested in doing Okay, so talking about energy content of these uh starter rations There's a there's a really good study done back in the 90s fluhardy and lurch Looking this was a 28 day starter Trial using 60 steers. So these these calves weighed at the beginning 467 pounds. So on the left here at the graph is the dry matter intake of those animals over that 28 day period And so you can see the diet listed across Simply put, you know moving from a 52 neg diet up to a 59 neg simply by displacing corn silage with corn And so the protein source there being soybean meal and blood meal Of course blood meal wouldn't wouldn't be something we'd find common anymore, of course, but but nonetheless, you know providing a protein a concentrate and then corn silage, of course being that blend of both forage and concentrate Accounting for the corn that's delivered there at any rate what they saw with the this 28 day trial was that as you increased Energy content the purple line being that 59 neg diet And then the the green line being next at 57 neg So basically as you increased the energy content of of the starter rations They saw an improvement in dry matter intake in week three and week four So, you know, you can kind of that kind of comes through on on average daily gain there Over, you know as you increase energy content Of these starter rations. And so although, you know The numerical differences there and feed efficiency. It took a little bit more feed To put on a pound of gain at those higher energy levels that but Most likely that's just probably a difference in in gut fill on those but you can kind of see as you move through They the results there, you know in terms of increasing energy content and the incidence of morbidity and sick calves Really it wasn't there as they increase the energy content. So so if we transition then and look at protein sources I think it's important to to note that not all protein is the same So when we think of crude protein, we can see those values there for the respective feeds You see re urea is at 281 Relative to some of the other feeds alfalfa hay distillers grains and that really is is But but that protein that crude protein isn't all The same in terms of how it's degraded within the rumen. So there's a fraction of that protein that will be degraded and that is Noted as rumen degradable protein there in that middle column And then there's the fraction that is often called bypass protein And which avoids rumen degradation. And so rumen undegraded protein As you can see urea is 100 percent rumen degradable protein as it is a primary source of nitrogen or or is a source of nitrogen for the microbial population only and so When we look at say alfalfa hay that has a fairly high level of rumen degradable protein Let's still provide some level of rumen undegradable protein Distiller's grains has the opposite degradation. So that's a primarily The protein is primarily bypass protein And so that makes it a little bit unique relative some of the other feeds and where Most of that protein can actually go towards the animal's growth requirements and the animal can use that protein So this slide depicts really a great representation of the value that I've been just talking about with the value of distiller's grains So it was a pooled analysis of four growing studies that done in Nebraska and The base of the diet was grass hay and sorghum silage. So forage based diet And they looked at you know, kind of Having similar performance between dry rolled corn and distillers and really what those inclusion levels look like So you can see dry rolled corn at 36 of that diet versus 23 for the wet distillers grains And overall really pretty similar Performance same dry matter intake average day of the game Maybe a little bump towards the distillers grains and a little improvement in feed efficiency for that as well But but nonetheless pretty similar performance But that distillers grains only needed to be included at you know, 13% less of the diet to get similar performance. So really I think this does a great job of Showing the the energy value that we can get from providing the the high protein but also highly digestible distillers grains Relative to dry rolled corn and so when you think about pricing distillers grains and dry rolled corn, you know comparing those they often Distillers is priced as a Kind of on a percent of of what the the price of corn is There's really a lot of movement in in being able to go, you know, 120 percent 130 percent the value of the dry rolled corn because we can see that value Through through feeding less distillers grains feeding in situations. So Kind of wanted to look then at you know differences. There's a really good study Looking at you know difference between room integratability is essentially in growing ration. So the first diet there being a 100 percent room integratable protein, right urea and and these were in High corn silage growing diets. So 79 percent of the diet was was corn silage. And so we look at basically Yeah Highly degradable versus soybean meal would be mostly room integratable protein around 70 percent With 30 percent being room and undegraded and then kind of the inverse there being for distillers grains having about 30 percent 36 percent room in degradable protein and about 63 percent Room and undegradable protein and so looking at these diets there. They're pretty similar and crude protein overall But again different sources of that protein and what what the end result being here and just demonstrating that You know as we provide a source of room and undegradable protein we see that improvement over the The urea treatment that that 100 percent room and degradable Source and so we can see the the bump in average daily gain and the improvement in feed efficiency when we're providing some protein That the animal has direct access to that being that bypass protein So if we transition now and look at ionophores and talk about those a little bit When we look at ionophores and growing rations, we can improve average daily gain That 5 to 15 percent and improve feed efficiency by 8 to 12 percent And this is simply a function of altering the microbial population in the room and due to the nature of ion for being an antibiotic and Actually increasing the amount of energy available through basically the selection of what microbes are fermenting those feeds and so This really overall has a result with the improved performance on about a one and a half percent improvement on your break evens and So if we look the survey zoetis put out this year national stocker survey Those that feed ionophores is over half. And so there's still Some that that not to use it in but I encourage, you know Um For you to look at your own operation and consider the improvements that you may see through the use of an ionophore Some data to look at ionophores. Um here done by lambloom and others is uh, you know, it's some old data but looking at five and a half weight calves and simply, you know getting Looking at a controlled diet without ion force and then both both vetech and remensin being ionophores there And what they saw was in in a diet that was, you know, primarily barley In grass hay with a little bit of alfalfa In a protein supplement there that they saw an improvement in 11 and a half percent from the control with both vetech inclusion and 15 and a half Excuse me 15 percent improvement with remensin. And so both again improving that feed efficiency mark and in overall average daily gain Kind of just demonstrating that improvement I want to transition and wrap up here with looking at a little bit of, you know, corn processing and grower rations. And so if we think about Kind of keeping, you know, processing that corn rolled corn in a in a diet and and is it worth, you know, kind of that That cost associated with it in the in the labor When we talk about growing rations, particularly in growing rations with some corn byproducts in them So in this case, this study was done here out in Carrington looking at a 25 percent corn 27 percent distilled grains 26 percent silage and some wheat straw and essentially those calves that Kind of again, NEG diets very similar at that 50 NEG over the course of 60 days though they were Six and a half weights looking at the results here now the was really No difference at all actually in in and calf performance between those so in this case when we're talking about diets with some Distilled grains but but corn byproducts in there and you know inclusion levels in a forage based diet here background and ration That there doesn't appear to be and this is backed by several other Studies across different universities doesn't seem to be an improvement in performance in these grower rations by processing that corn So something to consider in your operation I want to thank you all for tuning into this video and encourage you to take a look at our other videos within this series Focusing on backgrounding if you have any questions or would like to further discuss backgrounding or any topic related to beef cattle in North Dakota Feel free to shoot me an email or give me a call. Thank you


Six people have been arrested after Lakes Area Drug Investigative Division agents executed a search warrant at a home on the 700 block of 9th Avenue in Brainerd yesterday. Six people arrested are all from Brainerd and authorities say each of them has an extensive history with law enforcement including multiple arrests for property and drug crimes. The warrant was in connection with an ongoing drug investigation. As a result of the warrant several items of meth related paraphernalia were seized along with a criminal amount of methamphetamine. If you enjoyed this segment of Lakeland News please consider making a tax-deductible contribution to Lakeland PBS.


What's up everybody Jason here for jazby's case breaks calm 2023 painting prison football hobby six box half case break number 10 Just sold out. This is the second half guys second half Yeah, I think Buffalo has a better chance To go on a run to Adam. I think they're playing really good football at the right time But I think if you're like If you're the Jets fan, right, I feel like you don't want the bills and the dolphins to go, right? Because if Aaron Roger doesn't get injured I would have been you right that would have been you guys So it's like I'd rather have one of them lose. I want to play by Garner. I said for hobby purposes CJ strong the Texans going is great, but I love me some garnermenchu Dude he's so slow when he runs, but goddamn it. You can still make some plays All right, we go guys CG lamp I want to do not John and Taylor He's injured right now, right for the Colts. Oh, no, he's right there actually and mazzi Don't do he's like wide open, bro. Oh, okay run it in CJ out of 149 Deontay banks Giants going to Western Luke Musgra and how about more B John Tristan with that one B John color blue wave to one out of nine Johan Bentley To the Patriots one of Joe Hype Jamar Chase and how about a little DTR for the Browns? John with that one John R. There's a will of us and Deontay banks more for the Giants out of 49 DJ Chark out of 149 Dak Prescott out of 49 There's a R Show some with the Colts Dalton Kincaid silver and a monitor St. Brown for the minds Michael town first box Xbox here guys do so on silver and can see for the bucks when a wester 99 John Riggins still fun digs for the bills gonna dial us I 249 Denial Hunter from 49 And that looks like Eagles colors Nolan Smith Goldberg's baby Stephen Patrick Willis out of 249 Zach Hertz Cardinals 225 I ran out of sneeze guys. Let me go grab this really good. I'll be right back Wow, what happened? 75 yard touchdown for straw. I just missed it get a little hyperstrat. I guess right? CJ strut for the Texans John with that one 70 17 out of 175 Prismatic still fun digs over And then we have a Jake Hainer out of 75 Haven't really hit much for the Saints in all of our breaks, but hey It's a QB autograph Stover He's like the one that kind of took those like model-looking type of photos right in the beginning of the season Gary Wilson Ricky Williams Isaiah Pacheco That's another for the Chiefs going to Steven Matt Juno out of 175 Desmond Ritter and how about a Jerry Judy for the Broncos? I am with that one. Yeah, thank you John Randall Keon White To 99 and a Mark Andrews blue Camel out of 25. That's Ravens Westerloss Balmoja Jake Hainers-Silver Luke Keekley for the Panthers When a Sean whoa Let's save that right. I don't think it's an autograph though Cowpits Emergent for the Falcons to 99 and a chase young To 99 and Devon with a spoon for the Seahawks Hey, no, we're leaving out there. Whoa Wow, how about a Heinz Ward to 149? sensational signatures Steelers going to Michael trade Togger for the Raiders Wester with that one even on Connell Hunter Renfro for the Raiders All right guys, let's see what this gold vinyl might be I'm gonna leave it behind one card just so that way it's not the last car on the map Richardson backwards Seahawks Whoo, I would have loved the Jackson Smith of Jigba, but I'll take this Stover Out of five rookie running bag out of UCLA Zach Charbonnet Five out of five. Let's take that For the Bucks 75 Ritter and at a 75 chase Brown for the Bengals Bengals is government CJ Stroll Yonatan Johnson color 249 Coralton Sutton 225 and how about that CJ star right there? He's actually so extremely well. So John there you go, man. I know there wasn't wasn't much in the first half But starting to get some CJ strats out of here And then we got Justin shorter for the bills hyper To seven 175 No worries Nick. All good, buddy. Congrats, man. Get a little something Jameer Gibbs DJ Moore 125 Donald and Taylor out of 249 Dalton King K Hype can you pick it nice Jalen Hyde there for the Giants to Ron Western out of 225 We're he most her and at a 49. Wow Jason Seahorn. Oh, that's cool There you go. Giants Ron with that one CJ Stroud Purple Power Jason Seahorn to Chad Johnson and Miles Garrett. All right Two more boxes to go guys. Oh, man. I think please just face cards right there. Well, I think I seen a snake skin guys All right, Desmond King and we got David Montgomery Bijan Robinson Wow more Bijan about an autograph this time. This has definitely been a Bijan case Falcons There's one that's going to be marked already, but the other one Tyrone Matthew out of 225 La Porta Aiden Hurst And Curtis Samuel for the commanders Nolan Smith Silver Trayvon Diggs for the Cowboys Julie the Chargers Hyde 2 and a nice Jordan Addison for the Vikings going to Douglas out of 199 Snake skin Looks like Chargers colors No, it's been Scoronic for the Rams Rams is Tristan little snake skin Montez sweat as well Out of 175 Jermere Gibbs Then we got Bobby Wagner for the Seahawks nice break Stober and Michael Piment Jr for the Colts Tristan with that one All right last box here guys. Good luck. Oh, I think I see some gold in here too guys Hopefully ended off with a bang. All right, here we go guys last box mojo here. We got Jordan Brooks To 49 Zay flowers Giovanni Chen and Duce Vaughn First autograph there for the Cowboys going to Joe nice Devin DuVernay for the Ravens And then Brecht's young there Jaylen Waddle out of 175 Josh Reynolds out of 99 We got Lorenzo Carter for the Falcons Yeah, we got some gold right here and we go save that for last I don't think it'll be an autograph though, but At least we got some gold too Floskey Paris Campbell or sorry Paris Johnson, I should say partners and mark barville Or Bob Barrow To 149 Giants had a really great break actually Chase Laepol Devin Singletary All right, we ended up with a gold here guys Hopefully a nice one And it looks like I will have another case guys So if you guys want to stick around for the people that love prism I think that'll officially be our last one until Whenever we ever get more so Take advantage Mouse Garrett gold Six out of 10 Yeah, I mean but the the Packers win they make the playoffs So that's why I think the Bears want to spoil it for them Or at least they have a chance to make the playoffs All righty guys some nice hits in the second half So more cases as well, but we got a couple in the first half There you go. Mouse Garrett there Jusvan Barville, Bijan autograph Jordan Addison Gironic snakeskin Right Jason Seahorn. There's the Strout Straubner Hines Ward, Jerry Judy, Jay Caner CJ Strout there again Bijan I feel like we could have done a lot better, but Still some nice colors here guys so again, I should have one more guys So stick around I'm just going to go double check everywhere that I'm good to go And then I'll post it over and on the next like five minutes guys. Thank you. Jasper's casebase.com