In this presentation we will take a look at overhead costs. First we want to take a look at the process for overhead. The process of recording overhead. The process of allocating overhead to jobs. It being a bit more complex than the allocation of direct labor. Support accounting instruction by clicking the link below giving you a free month membership to all of the content on our website broken out by category further broken out by course. Each course then organized in a logical reasonable fashion making it much more easy to find what you need than can be done on a YouTube page. We also include added resources such as excel practice problems pdf files and more like quickbooks backup files when applicable. So once again click the link below for a free month membership to our website and all the content on it. And direct materials. First we're going to set up a predetermined overhead rate. We'll talk more about the process for doing that but this predetermined overhead rate will help us to assign what's in overhead to particular jobs. It'll help us move from overhead to particular jobs. We need to do it at the beginning of the process so that we can then use it in order to allocate overhead to jobs as we go through the current time period. We're then going to record actual overhead. Actual overhead that we have during the process. Remember what actual overhead is. It's going to be the cost of anything that we can't apply to a job. So anything related to the manufacturing process that we cannot apply directly to a job in direct materials in direct labor anything related to the warehouse that we can't apply directly to a job like depreciation like like utilities on the warehouse. Then we're going to put that into overhead. Then we're going to apply estimated overhead to specific jobs. Now note that these two may not be going in order. In other words as we go through a time period we're going to be incurring overhead as we go. Meaning we're going to be paying for stuff. We're going to be paying the utility bill in the factory. We're going to be paying employees that are in direct employees that we can't apply to a particular job as we go. And we're also going to be applying the estimated overhead to jobs as we go. So this we may apply overhead to a job before we record all the overhead for a time period. If we're talking about a month then we may be applying some overhead to the job of course before all the overhead is recorded because the month isn't over. We're going to be incurring overhead through the entire process. We're going to be applying overhead through the entire process. What we want to do is set up the predetermined overhead rate so that whenever we need to apply we can do so. And that is not necessarily dependent on whether we have recorded you know the actual overhead or all of it for a certain time period. And then we're going to have to adjust the over or under applied overhead. So as we'll see the estimate this is going to be an estimate for us to apply the overhead to the jobs. It's not going to match our actual amount and overhead the actual cost that we have and therefore we will have a difference which will be under or over applied which will have to do something with just to deal with that estimate at the end of the time period. So here's going to be the process that we will go through. So first let's think about the costs that we'll be dealing with. And note I'm going to do this a little bit out of order because the costs that we deal with are going to be recording the actual costs will go together and although we do this at the beginning it's going to be applied directly to this process as applying out the overhead. So first I'm going to think about the actual costs because that's probably how you would think about how we would think about what would happen in terms of a GL account. We're going to have costs that will be incurred. We need to then allocate those costs to particular jobs. First we'll think about materials. Now we're considering here the indirect materials. We've already looked at this at a prior presentation but we want to just recap it here so that we know that here as we focus in on the overhead component we see it here as well. When we think about the materials leading the materials account and going somewhere else somewhere towards production, once we start working on stuff you would think we want to apply it to a particular job and this is going to be direct materials things that we said hey we want you know this wood if we're making guitars and we want to apply it to this particular job and that's why. But if we have other materials such as indirect materials like glue or something like that that we're just going to take the we're just going to say hey the warehouse needs more glue so all the so we can work on more guitars then we're just going to put that in the middle of the warehouse and we're not going to assign it to to all these guitars we don't know which one which job it's going to be working on. So this account then it's going to be indirect so remember we could have two accounts up here. Raw materials we might try to track them differently. We might try to track the direct materials and then have another account for indirect or we might just group them all into raw materials and then once we take them out we reduce raw materials as we'll do here and we'll record the ones that we cannot assign to a particular job we don't have a requisition form it's just a request from the warehouse in general or from the from the production department the factory in general then we'll apply it to overhead so to look something like this we'll say that the factory overhead is what we're going to apply to and then the raw materials is going down. So raw materials will be decreased but we're not putting into work and process because we don't know which job therefore it has to go into the factory overhead. So it'll look like this we're focusing on this journal entry factory overhead is increasing going from zero up by 550 to 550 and the other side is bringing down raw materials which was at 14770 down by the the 552 147 220 so that's this account and this account we moved it for raw materials not to work and process yet we didn't know which job we had to move it first to the factory overhead we're starting to build up this account and that's why i'm doing this first we can see what's actually in there and then we'll apply it out so we're gonna say okay now there's 550 in there i want it where do we want it eventually we want to eventually put it there i just don't know how because we cannot do that until we know which job to assign it to so then we the same thing was with direct labor we already recorded this but i just want to record it again just so we know where it is in terms of the overhead so direct labor if we're applying the timesheets these are all timesheets that people that work in the warehouse and work in the production in the factory but these we can apply to a particular job this is stuff that's in payroll that we could not apply to a particular job so it's like the supervisor salary the maintenance anything that's in there that's not working on a particular guitar in our case we don't know which person which guitar to apply it to it's going to apply to some of them but we don't know which so if we could apply them this is part of the payroll that we applied up here we're focusing in on this item that we cannot apply and that's going to be going into factory overhead and credit wages payable so again this is like a payroll this is like the payroll journal entry you know we're paying someone payroll we're not dealing with all the all the others withholdings and whatnot here we're just going to say this is straight simplified payroll journal entry we're going to credit wages payable you can think of cash if we were credited in cash for paying somebody and we're debiting factory overhead because they worked on the guitars they worked on the jobs but we don't know which one so we couldn't put it in the working process so that brings us to this point now we have 1750 and you can and you can note as we build up this factory overhead account we don't exactly know what it's comprised of it's comprised of all these different things now we've got some indirect materials and some indirect labor that we are putting into this account eventually we wanted to go into work and process again but we don't know which job to apply it to and that's going to be our problem we'll have to deal with then we're going to have all the other stuff all the other stuff that it's going to be included in the production of inventory that we don't know exactly which job it goes to in other words we're going to have indirect materials indirect labor and then we typically look at everything else that's not going to be part of materials and labor and that's going to include anything that has to do with the factory so in a book problem anything that refers to the factory will typically be going to overhead as opposed to work and process and anything involved in the factory as opposed to the administrative office we can think of the two buildings being separate then we'll be we'll be applied of course to the factory overhead as opposed to being a period cost being a cost that we're going to apply to just just expensing it typically and these are the ones that actually can be kind of confusing because again all the stuff that we apply to overhead right now are stuff that we often think of as expenses all the stuff that we're talking about really direct material when we think about materials especially when we think about wages we often think of these are kind of expenses we think of the debit side as being expenses typically but that's really because of the matching principle not just the nature of wages or the nature of the thing so in this case we're going to pick up anything that's going to be involved in the factory we're going to include it in the inventory but not to a particular job and therefore not to work and process but to factory overhead so if we had depreciation on the factory on a factory equipment we're going to say okay depreciation what's normally the journal entry for depreciation normally we credit depreciation expense and credit accumulated depreciation and this time however we're going to credit accumulated depreciation still but debit factory overhead now that probably looks really weird to many you know when we first look at that and we've just probably memorized the journal entry that says depreciation is always recorded as a debit to depreciation expense a credit to accumulated depreciation and that's going to be recorded in the decrease in the factory equipment and the and the use that we've had over time but why is that the case because usually the expense down here represents that we consume something in order to help generate revenue in that time period we're allocating the cost of the equipment to when we used it consumed it in this case we used it but we didn't use it to help generate revenue we used it to make inventory an asset so therefore we're kind of capitalizing we're moving the use of that equipment to the cost of the asset we will expense it when we'll expense it when we finally sell the inventory in the form of cost to get sold so it's going to move to factory overhead it's going to move to raw material it's going to move to work in process and then finally to finished goods and then we're going to finally sell it that's when we'll have it and then anything else like rent if it's rent on the factory or utilities on the factory or insurance on the factory these are all things that we might think typically we think of you know an expense that we would have here if it was rent expense if it was rent on the office building and not the factory then it would be an expense but here it's going to be something that is on the building so on the on the factory and therefore overhead so this is where book problems often will kind of make up an account instead of just paying something like the utilities bill they might make up an account called like payable utilities payable just to show us that just through the journal entry that this deals with utilities that's why they're doing it but in practice usually we would just pay cash so in essence if we if we add these up our journal entries basically 1006 plus the 250 plus the 1000 that's going to add up to 2850 that's how much cash we're paying again we probably pay with three separate checks here but we're basically crediting cash for that amount and then the debit we would normally think well the debit should go to rents pay our rent expense utilities expense and again if it was monthly to insurance expense or prepaid insurance here we're going to say no we're paying these not in order to help generate sales in the current period we're hoping it's going to help generate sales but not until we sell the inventory sometime in the future and therefore the debit's going to go to factory overhead so we're going to put this in the factory overhead and again it's going to it's going to go up here we are going to expense it but not in the form of we're never going to see utilities expense on the factory because the utilities expense is included in the inventory and when we expense it it'll be in the form of cost of good sold which is an expense not in the form of utilities expense so any utilities we pay on the administrative office will expense them because we use the administrative office in order to help us generate revenue it's a period cost any utilities expense on the factory however is going to be part of the inventory which we'll put in the factory overhead we're going to allocate finally to work in process we'll finish that inventory and then we'll sell it expensing it in the form of cost of good sold so if we look at these journal entries then we're going to debit factory overhead here's factory overhead it was at 1,750 we're going to increase it by 2,500 to 4,250 but we're going to credit accumulated depreciation which was at 1,053 crediting it making the the contra asset account the credit balance account go up by 2,500 to 1,055 500 that's what's on the trial balance then we're going to debit factory overhead by the 2,850 so here's the 2,850 so the 4,750 going up by 2,850 to 7,100 that being represented on the trial balance and then the cash is going down from 4,8000 by 2,850 to 450,150 and that is going to be what's on the trial balance so in essence we're recording these which again normally we would think of as kind of expense type of transactions if it was a service company or a merchandising company but because it's on the warehouse all this I mean not on the warehouse on the factory because it's part of the factory process it's going to be included in an asset capitalized as an asset first in factory overhead because we don't know which job to post it to we don't know where to post to and job if we did it would go to work and process but we don't know which job it to apply it to so we're going to first put it into this bucket so this bucket now factory overhead has all this stuff in it everything we think that should be included in the cost of inventory but we don't know which inventory everything that should have been included in the cost of a guitar the cost of a construction job but we don't know which construction job is here then we're going to allocate it some way so we're going to have to use some basis to allocate this out and how how are we going to do that what why can't we just allocate it evenly because we have goods that are not the same all of our stuff is different if we have construction jobs all the jobs are different sizes wouldn't be proper to allocate you know this cost evenly to the jobs because all the jobs are going to be different so we have to basically estimate how much to allocate and that's going to be our future project


thoughts on the conversations that we are getting from uh Narain and Badre posting the posting the question to him and reports about Robyn Powell trying to lure him back into the international game. Yeah I think Lance everyone um any smart person in charge of the Weston East cricket will be trying their utmost best to get this guy to play the T20 World Cup. I mean you look at that performance today I think to score his first professional hundred at 35 years old just tells you about him how I think the longevity he's created in this T20 format then followed up with a great performance with ball in hand um but I think when you look at what he has done the body of work that he has achieved I would back him in any conditions anywhere.


Hey guys, it's Nate, aka the Foot Accountant. Welcome back to the channel. We need to talk about all the content that went down. Future Stars set to day number one. We've got new objectives, new SBCs, a new set of cards and packs. And then we actually just got Man of the Matches that went into packs as well. I'm going to talk about those and show you guys those cards here in a second. And then obviously talk about the market and what happened today. There were plenty, plenty of market movements today. We had some panic selling. We had some cards rise with link investments. And of course we're going to be, I think we're going to be attempting the overnight flipping from Friday night into Saturday with some of these new FFS cards because they have dropped down low enough and they're still pretty rare that I think it could be profitable overnight tonight, Friday night into Saturday like we usually do. So I want to go through that and look through some of those cards as well. But I want to look at a team first that came into packs today and even talk about the timeline a little bit for these cards. Future Stars set number two, Holland Martinez. By the way, extremely overpriced, but I kind of understand why those prices are there. It's the first day of course. But these guys are like Tots cards, man. Holland and Martinez look like team of the season cards to me. Even Valverde looks like a really solid card. So those are the three headliners from this promo. But I want to talk through some of the rest of these guys. Olmo looks nice. I think Sar, of course, we just had Daniel James. I think it's going to keep his price a little lower since all the right mids in the prem are getting killed right now. Hudson Adoy is nice. We now have a Brazilian left mid, Future Star and an English one with Martin Neely and Hudson Adoy. Valverde is cool. Palacios and Tealamans didn't get dynamic images for whatever reason. This card right here really interests me. I want to talk about this for a second. Tamori. 700,000 coins. It probably is going to be back up over 700, maybe 750 by the time we get to midday UK time. Because I think a lot of people want to try this card, 88 pace, 82 dribbling, 85 defense, 85 physical, medium, medium work rates. Not the best, but it's okay. The stat here that is interesting though, 94 agility, 94 agility on a setterback. Unbelievable. He's got 80 aggression. You probably want to boost that up.  But overall, this squad is fantastic. I mean, for these Future Stars, the upgrades, again, just like last year, they have done a fantastic job. Player selection, I think, has been really good as well. Ikone, this card I think is worth looking at and worth talking about. 94 pace, 92 dribbling, 4 star, 4 star, and he's got 99 agility. So this card fits the meta perfectly, in my opinion. 86 stamina, even 75 aggression isn't bad. 89 composure as well.  That could be, that could be cool. I think this card's price is going to stay pretty high because of that. Lodi is cool. Luis Felipe is a really nice looking center back.  So let me guys, let me know from you guys down in the comments how you feel about this team. But I think this team is pretty sweet. And that was definitely one of the highlights of the day. I think the best piece of content that we got today was this objective right here. Foot to Future Stars Academy, Osemen. What an absolute monster this card is. 88 rated with the fourth upgrade card, of course. It is a little bit grindy. Of course, these last two objectives at the end, you have to score in seven, nine separate rivals wins, you have to score with this card. And in seven separate wins, you have to score with, you have to score two goals. So basically, if you score two goals in seven wins, and then you win two more games and score just one goal, then you get this Osemen card at the end. And the other stuff is pretty easy, but you do have to do it in rivals. So hopefully you can find some guys that'll help you out, you know, see them do using the Osemen card. If you see them do an Osemen, all right, send them a quick message, send a little PSN message and say, Hey, how can we get this thing done? All right, because a lot of these, you don't need wins. So hey, you, you need to assist. I got you. You need a low driven shot. I got you. All right, that just helped you help people out when you do this objective. I think I'm going to do this one because this card looks freaking dope. I did the his player the month version from earlier on in the year that carvers a beast. So I can only imagine what that the new future stars Academy Osemen feels like. Also today, we got a clearance here in the SBC and this caused like some of the most market panic we have seen in a while. A good value SBC really, really can affect this market. And this SBC did that today. Is this a good value? It's kind of on the edge. In my opinion, it's a really solid card. It will look at the stats, high, high work rates. This is a perfect guy. You can play up and down the wing. He's got the pace. He's got the stamina. He's got pretty solid defending stats. 89 aggression will probably make him feel pretty good when tackling the ball. So a lot of people are doing this SBC today, and it's pretty evident that a lot of people are doing it because of some of the panic that we saw on Premier League left backs today. This Digne card, right? Brand new card out in headliners set to today. He was 194, 200,000 coins before the content drop today. Dropped down to 156. I was able to snag one on a snipe at 145. He has rebounded back up to 165 since then. So that was a GG. Thanks EA for putting out the Tierney. So there was some panic on that. There was also some panic on Robertson. And I bought some of these as well. I actually bought the team of your nominee. My thinking was, okay, he's a lot cheaper than Tierney. This might get panic sold, but I think it's your rebound back up. He has actually stayed down. I just took some losses on him because I want to buy some other stuff. But sometimes that's the name of the game, right? The thing that really hurt me with this Tierney and with the Robertson was this Tierney SBC is out for seven days. It is out for an entire week. You can have a chance to do this SBC. So that's going to keep those other left backs in the prem kind of in check for the next few days. I think you might see them trickle up in price a little bit. But I think that this SBC is going to keep them down low. If you want to try to buy some of these, they will rise, you know, like the Robertson, the Digne, they will eventually rise back up a little bit. I would just be careful with doing that because of the fact they got panic sold and because that SBC is out for seven days. I think we had a pack supply SBC as well, but that was kind of it for a lot of the content today. But it was a solid day of content, right? A really nice subjective card, a really nice, you know, properly priced SBC and then cool cards and packs, great, great, I think player selection for these cards that are in packs. I'm a fan of those. But one thing that I want to talk about as well is EA dropped the bomb on us again. Like what is it two AM UK time an hour and a half ago, they dropped man of the match cards in foot again. They did this last year and they never told us and it looks like they're doing the same thing again this year. They're dropping man of the match cards and they're not telling us about it. They don't even tweet it out, bro. We have to figure it out by people on Twitter and people in the game sending screenshots of themselves packing these cards that are now in packs. Anaki Williams got one, St. Maximon got one. You got a Shriker positioned man of the match card, 82 rated, and they're both extinct right now at 50K. I was able to catch a couple snipes, which was a GG. I was happy about that. I'm going to, I don't do this too often to be honest, like wait for the price range to be updated, but these man of the match cards are going to be pretty rare. They're only in packs for four days. These are some of the best cards to trade with on foot. So I think Anaki Williams could be 75 to 80K with the price range update. I think St. Maximon might be 100,000 coins. If you guys did the ones to watch St. Maximon SBC early on in the year, you finally got your upgrade. So those are two of the guys that were in. Of course, Deli Ali as well got in. So if you had the headliner version of Deli Ali, that card got upgraded and I will show you mine here in a second. But as you can see, these guys are pretty rare. I would not be super surprised if I saw these guys jump up in price a little bit in the morning. Deli Ali, if I see him around like 80,000 coins, maybe yeah 80K, I would get really interested in this card. Of course, these man of the matches don't get dynamic images, but he got a pretty sizable upgrade from his inform. He got like plus three pace. So I'll show you the Deli Ali headliner card. Hopefully you guys, if you did this SBC GGs, I was not expecting this upgrade to be honest. I was expecting maybe Deli to get an inform somewhere down the line, but he picks up a man of the match card because of their win over Southampton and the assist that he provided to basically win the game. And he gets a pretty solid upgrade. Again, I said this on Twitter a couple days ago. Those one stats bro, the 79s to 89s when it's a nine, right? If it's like one stat away from being upgraded to break into a new level, right? 80 pace. We said this a lot in, you know, guys on foot, 80 pace looks so much better than 79 pace, you know, if they would have given him just, just one more pace, that would have looked sick. I said it earlier this week with Tellez because they upgraded Tellez and they didn't give him 90 pace and 90 path or passing 90 pace and passing. I really wanted to see that because that would make his card look elite, right? But they gave him 89 89s.  Don't get to see the 90 rated stats on your card, but it is what it is. Those were, that's like the, basically a rundown today for the new cards and the new content. Now I want to talk more trading related stuff. First, let's start with the panic selling of the left backs just to, again, to check this out for a second.  And then I should be able to pick him up. And I think he'll go back to like, you know, 110 to 115 tonight. The man is still down at 95k. Again, this is an out of packs card that is getting panic sold. A lot of times this triggers an alarm in people and they're like, yo, I should buy in the panic cell, right? And I think in this case you can, if you want to pick up yourself or Robertson for the team, this isn't like investment. If you only have like, you know, 20 or if you only have like 200 to 300k, I wouldn't go and pick up two or three of these and put all your coins into this because you're going to be waiting a week probably for this to rise back up into the profitable range. But if you're somebody who has over a mill, this is almost like a club stock investment, I would say. Try to get yourself a Robertson this weekend while the tyranny SBC is out. Maybe you snag one on bid, right? I saw a bunch of open bids expire today in the 80s, the 80k range, after I was already broken these cards and broken other cards that I was flipping, maybe hop on some bids low 90s into the 80s for this Robertson card that could very easily be back to 110,000 coins by the end of the week, since this is like half the price of that tyranny SBC. So I do think this card has a potential to rise. One card that we did see rise today was this Digne card. This Digne headliner, I got a snipe on him at 145,000 coins today during the panic and he is back up to 160k. So that was a nice one. It rebounded, I think, because he's more of a live item and he's French, so he does have better links. And I think that is going for him a little bit more than Robertson does, just with the links. So that's why I was happy with this Digne buy today. I thought 145 was too cheap and it was. I'll probably try to get this out tomorrow, maybe around 170 if I can. It's on my transfer list right now. We'll see what I can do with that. But I want to take a look at these future stars again, because this is something that we do a lot of times on the first day of a promo, we start looking at, hey, are these cards going to be flippable overnight from Friday night into Saturday. And that's a lot of times where we're looking at these cards because they're still rare. And a lot of people want to try them out. You wake up on Saturday, you've got a foot champs to play, right? You got foot champs to play, you got these cards that are going to be in packs next week when you open your rewards. So you want to have a shot at packing one of these cards. So you're going to play your week in the games, right? So looking at a few cards right now that I'm seeing are getting pretty low. Now, this might not be the case when you guys are actually looking at these. But again, I want to look through some of these drops in price today. I'm looking at Tamori right now. Again, when you're looking for these overnight flips, and this is something that you guys can learn to do on your own, just by observing price trends and knowing what happens when a promo is out, when there's new hype cards in the game, cards that people want to try and that easily fit into their squads, right? This Tamori card, English, center back, Prem. A lot of people can fit this into their teams. They're running a Prem side. This guy right here is 700k at the moment. He was 750k for most of the evening. He's dropped 50k. He was actually at 685 at one point. I think this could easily go back to 750 because again, of this 94 agility, the stats that this card has sets him apart from a lot of others in this game. So I'm really interested to see how this stuff rebounds into the morning when you guys start to watch this video. If you're watching this video and these prices are still low, which they could be, you know, maybe it's something where you can get involved with. But again, when we're looking for these overnight flips, first day promo into day two, we have to look at supply. Supply of these cards is the number one major thing that makes these flippable. And look at Tamori at 750k. The man has two pages. That's it. The man has two pages right now at 750k. Now you can expect that supply to increase a little bit as we get into the daytime. There's only 3.8, 3.9 million transfers right now. You can expect that to increase a little bit. So maybe there'll be four pages of Tamori tomorrow, but his price is going to be rising as people want to use this card. So the fact that this card is under 700k, it really interests me. I think it could be at 750k easily in the morning. And if I see this guy at like 675 or 685, I might pull the trigger there. Another, his counterpart, Hudson Adoy, the other Chelsea player in this squad, is currently, I think like 530k. Wow, he's back up a little bit. He was just 525. Now he's 535. This card really interests me as well, because he was upper 500s for most of the day. And if you look at his supply at 590k, the man has one page at 590,000 coins. So I kind of see this as like a Martinelli-esque flip for tomorrow. I might try to snag one if I can get one at 520. I could be very interested in that. And again, another one that I'm interested in, just by the sheer newness of this type of card and the possibility for links that you have with this, Danny Olmo. This card really interests me at 280, 270k. He's got a little bit more supply, but I think this card could easily be 300k in the morning, which is only a 15k rise technically. But if I see this guy dipped down below 280, which I think I just saw on at like 284, if I see this guy at like 270 something, I would be very interested in this really solid card, four star, four star, links to Timo Werner. He is also Spanish, so you can link him to a lot of your Spanish guys in your squads. A lot of people rock Spanish. So I think this card looks like a good one to me. And then I want to even check out Luis Felipe, because I haven't looked at this card too much, but he is a Brazilian center back in this game. And this card also looks pretty freaking nuts. Luis Felipe's card looks insane. He's like 270k-ish right now. But look at this card's in-game stats, bro. Stamina is the only thing that he has missing from this card. Composure is a bit of an issue. Agility and balance isn't terrible for a center back. His work rates are spot on. He's got a three star weak foot, which isn't terrible. And he's got pace, right? But if you throw some stamina on there, Brazilian too, man. We've had so many Brazilians. We had a Brazilian right back. We have a Brazilian left back in this promo. We had Emerson and Renan Lodi. So I'm a fan of these Brazilians. A lot of people are rocking Brazil in the back lines right now. So this is why I think this card could be a decent one this week with some hype centered around it. And then the other guy that I'm really interested in is this Icona. I'm probably not going to end up buying one of these, because I think his price is too high already. He's 290k. You know, and I don't really see how this card really goes back up past like 320 or 330. But I think there's a lot of people that want to try this card out just because of the links that it gives. Think about this, right? You got Ben Yetter at right striker. You've got this guy at center attacking mid and you've got Mbappe at left striker. What more do you need in a team? The three French guys up front, 94 pace. This guy's got really solid passing. The 99 agility though is this guy's going to be able to turn circles around so many people with these kind of stats. He's got 92 dribbling, 90 ball control, good stamina. Decent aggression as well. 75 aggression for a center attacking mids. Not terrible, especially for a little guy like him. 5 foot 9. I think a lot of people are interested in that card right there. So look for these overnight flips. You can even do some of the overnight flips with some of these Man of the Match cards. And this is something for the future you guys could look at as well with Man of the Matches. When you see them, I'm going to add this to the transfer targets real quick. Don't mind me. There we go. But when you see some of these Man of the Match cards overnight, the first night, as I said, Inaki Williams and our boy, say, Maximum Gucci Headband are extinct at the moment because there's just not a lot of supply for them and their price range is at 50k, which is too cheap. But for somebody who is not extinct, like Deli Ali at the moment, of course, he does have a few other special cards. So this might now work the best with him. But you have an opportunity to flip these cards from the late night into the early time UK as well. If I see this card, he's 84k, man. If I see him at like 75 to 80k, I'm going to get interested because this inform is a 70, it was like 50 something k 55 or 60k today after the week and league rise before this 87 came out. And you got a plus three boost, right? The only other better version of Ali in the game is the scream card, and that costs like 150, 160,000 coins. So if this card hits half the pro, I'll take that. I'm going to take that Deli Ali and see if I can snag like 90k for it tomorrow morning, right? So that's we're going to try to flip some Man of the Matches into the morning tomorrow. Deli Ali being the one that's probably the most risky, I guess, because he's not extinct. And he's not getting that price range update. So I think this card's a decent flip. If you seem like 75k, we'll see how that works out on the market. But again, these cards have kind of a middle of the road, but also kind of cheap as well. Not cheap, but kind of middle of the road pack supply 2.8% from the 100k packs, same as the first set. And these cards again are out for seven days. I'm going to make my prediction right now and make it loud and clear. This week, we are going to get the mid icon SBC. While these cards are still in packs, so EA can entice people to go do those SBCs. Of course, they're going to try to sell you with you're getting packs back from the SBC. If you need to open fever points because you've drained your club by doing the SBC, then you're still going to have the opportunity to pack these cards. So that's why I think that since this promo is now a full seven days instead of the second week being only four or five days, I think they're going to drop the mid icon SBC this week, drain everybody's coins and get everybody thinking about icons again before we have prime icon moments. And it's basically another week from this coming Friday. So like two weeks ish, prime icon moments, I think is going to be here. And I think that is something that EA, they got to transfer everybody's thought process over to icons, right? We just got all these future stars. They want people to buy them, put them in their teams, then they'll release the mid icon, crash the entire market, and then drop icons that are super duper expensive. So we'll talk about that when it all comes, but I think that mid icon SBC is coming this week. So I want to talk about some trading tips in my videos tomorrow to get really specific because I've been making some coins with these new FFS cards because they are rare, right? A lot of these set one rows today out of packs. These were all traded with chem styles. So I'm going to be talking about trading with these cards with chem styles in tomorrow's video, most likely. And that one is going to be a good one because it's been a pretty solid coin maker for me. If you enjoyed this video, smash your thumbs up on it, comment down below if you have any questions and subscribe to the channel if you're new. It's been Nate the Foot Accountant. Catch you guys later. Peace out.


thing which you need to do today is set up PostgreSQL. Now, why set up PostgreSQL? We could easily have set up a common PostgreSQL for all of you. But the idea is that in December at your centers, you will be running this course. So, at that point you will have to set up PostgreSQL. Now, you do not have to do this recursively in the sense that the participants in the December course do not have to set necessarily set up PostgreSQL. Although, that is probably still a good idea because they are also teachers and they have to do it for their students. So, whatever we are doing today, you should see how to replicate it in your center if possible. But there may be resource limitations. It may be that you cannot actually give each one their own net book and set up a PostgreSQL. In which case you set up a common PostgreSQL and let them do their exercises on that. And the instructions are how to set up PostgreSQL provided anyway which they can go back and do. But today we just want to make sure that you are familiar with this. So, the first part is setting it up and then you have to create users in the database. So, that is the before setting up users even there is some initial configuration initializing a standard database then creating users and then running queries. Oh, there is one more step in there on creating a administrator password. So, all of those steps you can go through they are there in that sheet. So, once you set up PostgreSQL with a user, you can now connect to PostgreSQL as that user and run queries. You could connect as administrator also as a PostgreSQL login, but you are better off connecting as the user and then running the remaining things. So, how do you connect to the database? You could write a Java program and use JDBC, but we do not want to do that. Instead, there are two interfaces. One is a command line interface called PSQL. You could use that if you wish, but again there is some syntax and some details which you have to deal with if you are using that. So, it is a lot easier to use this graphical interface called PG Admin 3. So, one of the steps you will be doing today is setting up PG Admin also and then using that. So, you have to tell it which database to connect to and what is the login password. All that is part of a setting up a connection on from PG Admin. PG Admin internally uses ODBC to talk to the database and now you can type in a query. It executes the query. It gets the results back using the metadata features which we talked about. It figures what are the column names, what are the types and it displays the result for you. So, the later part of today's lab is actually running SQL queries. So, there are several problems which are specified in English all using the university database. So, where you have to run queries and get the result. Now, how do you make sure your query is running and getting something which looks reasonable? We need a data set also. So, we have also provided a data set for the university database. We have provided two things, two files. One is a file which creates all the relations in the university database schema. The second is a file which inserts sample data into those files, into those relations. So, the first step is to once you are connected as a user is to create the relations, load the sample data. Then you can start writing the SQL queries which we have specified. You can execute them and see if they look reasonable. Now, all the sample data actually corresponds, the slide which you have has some of that data. There is example data in the book. It is there in the book also. This sample data file which you have provided has exactly the same data. Now, when you are writing the SQL queries, you need to know what is the schema. Now, for that in your slides, go to chapter 2 of the slides. Towards the end of that chapter, there is a schema diagram which shows all the relations and the foreign keys and the primary keys. So, all these machines run Ubuntu. So, how many of you have used Ubuntu before? How many of you have not used Ubuntu or any other? How many of you have not used any version of linux? Few. So, on Ubuntu, there is a package manager which lets you install things very easily. The package manager has to be set up which has already been done. So, it has been set up to get new packages which are on demand from a machine called ftp.iatp.act.n. So, when you run this particular command sudo that is do as super user. This subsequent command requires administrator privileges. Therefore, you have to run this as sudo and then apt get is the package installer and you are telling it to install PostgreSQL. Now, it will ask you for a password. I think the default password on all these machines is 123. That is what you have to type once it asks you for a password. And it is going to go to connect to ftp.iatp download all the PostgreSQL files and then it is going to set up PostgreSQL. So, please run this from run this command from a terminal on your netbook. Your first step is just to do this. How many of you have successfully completed this step installing PostgreSQL? All of you. Anyone who is not? One or two. Please take help from I. So, now to configure it you have to look for the file pghpa.con. If you can find it. Now, this by the way is a very I think this is a very trusting way of doing things. So, what is this doing? Yes, you will not have permission to do an sudo and then g edit. So, all of this may have to be run as super user. So, sudo space a g edit space and then pghpa.con. That should work. Now, add this line as a host all all. Now, what this is saying is <IP_ADDRESS> slash 8 says that any host any IP which starts with 10. Anything beyond that. Accept connections from those. In IIT all the local in our intranet all the machines start with 10.0. So, in other words you are accepting connections from any of them. Let me write it here g edit. So, the trust means it just trusts blindly. I think it is that is not such a good idea. I think the better option is password or md5. Yeah, md5 is the safe thing. So, what I suggest is over here instead of trust, replace trust by md5 is same. Ident will work for local users. So, what ident does is it is actually talking to the operating system to identify you. So, if you are running as a particular user, the operating system can basically authenticate you instead of using a login password. That does not work across machines. Ident can be made to run across machines, but you have to trust the other machine to be telling the truth. Therefore, yes, that is right. It requires the same OS and database user and if you are connecting from another machine you have to trust that machine to be telling the truth. So, now those of you who are using the printout to do stuff, apparently the indentation is messed up in this printout. Therefore, some of the instructions which are meant only for source insulation, some of you are trying to do it because you thought it is part of it. So, what I suggest is do not read this. Connect to Moodle. I assume all of you are able to connect to IIT, IITB, IACIN, slash Moodle. It is there on the top of the bar, but in case you cannot read it, it is a private IP address. You can replace it by whatever the IP range in your place. Those are the two private IP ranges. 192 is a smaller range, 10 is a full class B range. So, replace it by whatever you use. Actually, 192, if you use that, you are supposed to use 192.168, 0.0 slash 16. That is the correct prefix if you are using that range. So, for those of you who did not hear that question, over here 10.00 is ok. When you go back to your institute, if your local IP address is in 10.0 range, you can use this. If your local IP addresses are in 192 range, please use this instead, 192.168.00 slash 16. Just listen up, take a short break from whatever you are doing. So, there are two files to edit. One is hpghpa.com, which I just discussed, except instead of trust, I suggest you use md file. The second is poscrsql.conf, which is also in the same directory. Edit that file and there is a line which says listen address equal to localhost. You have to go and modify that line to say listen address equal to star and it is normally has a hash at the beginning to comment it out. Do the hash. So, there is no hash and localhost has become star and replace localhost by star. Now, what is that doing? When you say localhost, it only accepts connections from the local machine. There are two parts to the security. One is pghpa, one is poscrsql.conf. So, you have to modify both of them to accept connections from other machines. So, actually you do not need to do it because each of you is running poscrsql on your own machine, but the reason we are doing this is because eventually you may need to allow people from many different machines access to a shared processor. So, you need to do this for that. To restart poscrsql, there is a pgctl restart. If anybody has trouble locating the file pg underscore hpa.conf, do the following. cd slash etc poscrsql 8.4 main and pghpa.conf should be there.  Anyway, here is a slightly updated instruction for restarting poscrsql. You can do sudo etc initd poscrsql 8.4 restart. So, you can use this command at the bottom here. So, if you have it in your module, just reload the page. It will show you the updated one. How many of you have successfully completed all the instructions on this page? If you are done with those who are done with this, you can move on to the next page, installing poscrsql. The next one is administering poscrsql and creating users. So, go in there and follow those instructions. How to restart poscrsql? The instructions have just been added at the bottom of this here. sudo etc initd poscrsql 8.4 restart. So, please use module for all instructions. We are updating it with any missing instructions. IIT Bombay runs in the 10 dot segment. So, all machines inside IIT Bombay have a 10 dot something address. What this is saying is any machine in IIT Bombay can connect to this. You can restrict it. You can say only these two machines means the first, no, the first 8 bits have to match exactly, which is 10. The remaining 24 bits can be anything. Again, let me repeat. The printouts which you have are confusing because there is no indentation. Please do not read them. Please go to the Moodle page and read the instructions from Moodle. Do not read today's printout. Tomorrow's printout will be done properly, but today's there was a glitch. tg underscore hb. Tab should do it. Yeah. It will be different. It will be written. It will do a sudo. Cancel. sudo. Then the same thing. Again, for those of you who have finished the first step installation, the second step is configuration. If you go to the Moodle page, the next step in there is configuration. So, let me show it to you. So, after installation, administering poscrsql and creating usurps, how many of you have finished installation? If anyone is having trouble, please raise your hands now and get help if you are in trouble with installation. Please raise your hand. After this, go on to administering poscrsql. How many of you have finished this step? Quite a few of you. Good. So, this requires you to create users. Once you have done this, you can set up each pgadmin3 and connect up from there using the instructions here, using pgadmin3. So, please follow those steps. And when you are done with all of this, you can actually start on the SQL assignment for today. You have to install it. So, just like you installed poscrsql, type install pgadmin3. The same command. So, do apt-get install. Those of you who are having trouble installing stuff, this version of Ubuntu has a software center which simplifies your life quite a bit. This is Windows. I cannot show it here, but on your Ubuntu machines, if you have used that feature, you can use it for installation. You can use Synaptic. You can use whatever you want. apt-get is also fine, whichever thing you are comfortable with, use it to install pgadmin3. So, you are connected up? Yes. Yeah, now you have to connect. The instructions are there on the Moodle page. Listen up. Many of you are facing problems with connection getting dropped. If you unplug the cable and re-plug it, it seems to unplug wait maybe 10 seconds, then re-plug. I do not know why it is dropping the connection, but this restores it. Okay. People, please listen up. If you succeeded in connecting to and starting pgadmin, that is a problem that pgadmin's menu for adding a server goes beyond the bottom of the screen. There is a fix to it, work around, which is to do the following. Once you open pgadmin3, go to file, the file menu. Inside that there is options. Click on options. Once you get options, there is a preferences tab. Click on the preferences tab. There is a font. Go to the font and choose font size 9 instead of 10. After that, it fits in the window. There is no problem. Okay. So for those of you who are not paying attention, please listen. This is important. pgadmin3. Once you start pgadmin3, there is an add server option. That window is too big for this small net book. So these instructions here tell you how to reduce the font size so that it fits. So follow this sequence of menu items to fix it. Okay. So even if you have not finished the installation, please listen up here and you may do it later. So this is assignment 1. So let me start again from here. After installing and connecting, go to assignment 1. And this space install post-crisqlp. You have already done that. Now you can use this ddl.sql script to create the university schema and then this script to load data. So when you, you can save the link as and then load it or you can open it in new window with g edit. Well, I am using windows but you would be using g edit. And after that, there are few SQL queries here which you can try to make sure everything is working properly. Now how do you run these SQL queries? In pgadmin, there is a small icon which says sql. So you have to click on that to open an sql window and you can run these from within, you can run all of this from within the sql window of pgadmin. So once you are able to connect to the database using pgadmin, please start on this.  In today's lab, the first set of exercises there are seven sql queries which you have to write. Then there is one more which you can do offline. You do not have to do here. If you get time today, you can do it. Otherwise you can do it later. Which is one more schema which is a railway schema along with data for it and then a bunch of queries on it. So this is for later. I do not expect you to do it today. If anyone is having problems opening ddl.sql, please raise your hand. How many of you are having problems opening it? For some reason it is not finding, it claims it cannot download it. I do not know quite why. But you can save the file locally and then open it. So if you are not able to open it directly, save the file and then double, in the downloads window, if you double click on it, it works. I have no idea why this is, but save the file and then open it. You can open it from the Firefox download window. Why do we want to use a PostSQL instead of MySQL? You can use MySQL. Anything. We just want uniformity here. We want everyone to be... MySQL also is open. The main reason for PostSQL SQL over MySQL? No, not that. MySQL support for SQL standard is weaker. Till some time back, it did not even do joins properly. Now it does all the basic stuff, but PostSQL supports a much larger subset of SQL than MySQL. So for the purpose of a course like this, where we are using standard SQL, it is better to stick to PostSQL. It is closer to the standard. I get confusing actually. When do you open the new query? Where? When do I need to open a new query? You can just... This is very small. No, but is it... Where can I get that record? What are the queries if you are... Because I am reading everything inside tables and schemas and everything. I do not see in... Everything is happening. So, yeah, we did not use an ID. Normally we should have used an identifier instead of a name. Where? No, no, this space is uniform. Com dot space psi dot. Again, in the real schema, we should have had an ID. We simplified a few things to reduce the work force. Yes. That is true. That is the trade-off. We could have had a department ID and department name. Tell them the thing which is... Any way to bring practice where it is... That is... This... Well, wherever you do not need the rest of the department information, your queries can avoid joining. Print the department name com psi. It is easier than if you print ID 5. You do not know what 5 means.  You can see what is going on more clearly. We could have used ID... Actually, this is a good question that you are asking. I mean, there are two or three places where... My own... This portion of the semester I have created... One approach is I create semester ID. Yes. If you want to create an academic year, then autumn, winter, fall, whatever it is. Yes. So, these two things jointly... Every time we need to repeat, whenever... Whenever we need to submit a query or write a query. Yes. That force is offered in that semester. That semester means? Yes, you have to put it. Yes. Or we could give ID to them. Yes. So, similarly in this schema, there is a section which is currently identified by four things. These are year, course ID and section ID. So, one of the schemas we thought of, we tried out, was to have a single identifier which identified one integer which identified a section. So... So, for example, it takes relation, all those things. All the four things. You lose the semantics of the attribute thing. Yes. You have to do a join every time. And also, if you think in terms of dependencies and all those things. Many people who follow this philosophy that for every table, there will be a unique integer as the identifier, primary key. A surrogate key which we... Yeah. So, that is a philosophy which many people use, which seems to work. But if we follow that, then... Please, when you are learning SQL, it's a little more work. You have to every time join with more tables. And when you get a query result, you will get these meaningless numbers. You don't know what they mean. Sometimes, it works as whichever offered in a particular semester, say, autumn 2009. Yes. Then, the data inputs, the parameters I write is autumn 2009. I don't have semester code. First, I need to find out the semester code. By joining. Right. And then go back to the... Say, offer statement. Yes. It does not have academic year and semester... Correct. Columns, but it has only semester ID. Yes. First, I need to identify the ID for those given inputs. Anyway, I had the 2009. Yeah. You're getting my point. Yeah, yeah. So, you have to write a join and then a selection. So, code itself has a scientific number. Yeah. Exactly. Yes, that's one of the reasons we did this. Yeah. Exactly. No, no, no. This is exactly the reason we followed this scheme up. What you're saying is exactly right. It would have complicated queries. Railway department is optional. University is the one which... There are two assignments. Assignment one, let me show it on the screen here. So, this is assignment one, which you're all done, at least you're working on. You already run these queries and made sure they work. And then you're supposed to write all these queries. So, these I would like you to do by... If you have finished it here, great. But, you know, you have to write all these queries. So, these I would like you to do by... Here, great. But, quite likely you won't be able to finish all of this. So, you can work on it offline. The second thing in this same assignment is another railway schema. You may find it useful to get the DDL and set it up. So, you can work on it offline. But, you can do this at lower priority. These are... This is just one more schema for more exercise. So, if you don't get time to do this, we are not terribly bothered. What we would like you to do, though, more importantly, is also assignment 2, which was also scheduled for today. Now, we know that there is too much here to do in the lab. The idea is that each of these assignments in the eventual thing will be a three-hour lab. We have squeezed it into two of these into one three-hour lab. So, we don't expect you to finish all of this but the idea is that it will be a three-hour assignment in December. And we are giving it to you now, so that you know what is in there. So, the assignment 2 is using aggregation and primary way on aggregate queries, which we have covered today.  And another bunch of queries, which again, I don't expect you to do here. If you have time, you can try it out or you can go back to your institution and try this out. Both the railway queries and this, you can do after you go back and perfectly fine with that. But the first part, I would like you to try offline tonight to make sure everything is okay. If you have problems with any of these queries, we will give you the solution, but we can also discuss it. We will give you the solutions tomorrow. We have all the solutions. Has it been given already? Is it public? Okay. They were supposed to be made visible later. I don't know how this happened. I have no idea why it is visible. Okay. Please don't read it. Please give it a good try before you. Yes. It is hidden, but I think everybody, how did that happen? Yeah. I am wondering if you can see the roles. What is going on? I can see what went wrong. Somebody set up a wrong role in Moodle. You are all non-editing teachers. Yeah, the activity is correct. The same Moodle, other teachers were coming. Yeah. So this should have happened later. Yes. Okay. There were questions about submitting the assignments. So you can upload the assignments whenever you are done with it. So tomorrow morning you could work on it today and then save the queries in a file and then upload the file tomorrow morning when you come in. Assignment 1 and 2. Again, the second part of the assignment you don't have to do. The railway thing and the extra part for the assignment 2. Both of those are optional. If you have time and are able to do it, otherwise don't bother.  But the first part I would like all of you to do it.


Does Mission Impossible fallout live up to the hype and expectations set on it by us the fans and Henry Cavill's moustache? How's it going movie nerds? It's Justin stay with us, and I will let you know Holy wow what the heck kind of a movie was that? I can't remember the last time a film used vision sound and music in such a way that this film has Director Christopher McQuarrie the first director in all six films to return to the franchise jumps back into the director's chair after 2015's Rogue Nation and is in absolute fine form his command of all areas of cinematic language from the cinematography to the action to the stunts and sound had my heart beating so fast from its manipulation of my emotions that I'm not really quite ready to go through that again But I will because it was amazing So the film centers around three balls of plutonium that have been stolen by an Organization connected to the syndicate from Rogue Nation called the Apostles led by the mysterious John Lark and it's up to Ethan to Retrieve these cores and save the world because of course he does But this time he's not without help as joining the crew much to the chagrin of hunt is CIA assassin August Walker played by Henry Cavill who is there to make sure that Ethan delivers on what he needs to Because the CIA has intense distress for Ethan Hunt and the impossible missions force The acting was superb so many intense nuances from star Tom Cruise Proving to anyone who would disagree that he is one of the greatest actors in history We were also treated to some awesome performances from the rest of the cast that not only lift the film incredibly But let them have their own moments to shine Simon Pegg returns to tech with Benji Dunn who steals every scene is in with his hilarious comic timing But when he needs to can definitely bring the intensity needed for this type of film and Vingraimes of course returns as Ethan's longest-serving teammate Luther Stickel and showcases his acting talents beautifully in a key scene that had me at the edge of tears myself We also have Rebecca Ferguson's Ilse of Faust Reprising her role from the previous film again as somewhat of an antagonist to Ethan But only because her character needs to continually toe the line between her loyalty to the MI6 and the IMF and Sean Harris also reprising his role from the same film as Solomon Lane Displaying his wickedly sniveling charm beautifully, but in a way that doesn't make him at all like a generic Moustache twirling bad guy Speaking of Moustache twirling Henry Cavill as August the Hammer walker was Incredible his command of a suit demands suspect by all of humanity Not that suit and he displays pinpoint accuracy with his sneer distress and dislike of Ethan Hunt Which was an absolute joy to watch not to mention living up to his hammer moniker when he kicks serious But throughout the film now we can't talk about a mission impossible film without talking about the Absolute incredible stunts that they pull off the entire film felt so real that I could barely contain my wonder from one of the first Sequences with Tom Cruise jumping out of a real plane to his building to building jump in which he famously broke his ankle Which they still use the immediate aftermath of and you know that his ankle is broken at that time And it's so great that they kept that in the film to the helicopter sequence in which Henry Cavill and Tom Cruise found Themselves filming almost completely in camera There's probably zero green or blue screen used in that entire sequence which blew my mind Anyway enough with my rambling this film was a joy to watch I give it a very well-deserved five out of five stars make sure that you see this one at the cinema It's one of the greatest action films in history and deserves to be seen the way it was intended on the big screen Anyway guys don't forget to like this video subscribe and follow us on Facebook and Instagram and until next time I'll see you nerds at the movies


Welcome everyone, welcome to yet another session on Android Automation Testing with APMM Ultimate and we have Roo with us. Hi everyone. We are really glad to have Roo here with us today. Thank you and welcome everyone. I'll start with a quick introduction about myself so that you understand why I'm talking about game automation. I've been a tester since 2002 and I think my first project was testing a mobile app and since then most of those 20 years have been somehow related to a mobile project, a mobile testing, mobile automation and in the last few years, over six years I've been doing a lot of specifically mobile game automation and game game testing in general and I'm also one of the main contributors for this alt unity tester tool which is an open source tool for game automation specifically for unity and my talk is going to show the use of this alt unity tester alongside Apium for doing game automation. I'll show a little bit of how that happens with the real game and the real Android device. My kind of journey towards game game development happened in Helsinki. I'm based in Helsinki and my company where I'm one of the founding members Altom is originally from Romania but we have offices here in Finland and in Helsinki I started working with a company a while ago called Bitbar. They are still active but they've been since acquired by smart there but they offer access to devices, real mobile Android and iOS devices in the cloud where you can run either run like your application and test it remotely or you can run automated tests mostly via Apium which is I think the most common platform for doing cross-platform automation for mobile. So I started working with them because they had a few clients that were developing mobile games and wanted to test their games on using automation and specifically Apium on devices in the cloud and they were running into some problems because Apium could only help them so much and this is what I'm going to try to show you here with this presentation. What are the limitations that we have and what are the solutions that we have access to at the moment for game automation? So most mobile games and games in general are built using a so-called game engine. My talk is focused specifically on Unity which is a game engine that offers a lot of built-in elements for developing a game. You have a lot of the physics world already built in, you have a lot of good character development support, character animations and so on and you write your game code in one single language and C sharp in Unity's case, you build your game within the Unity editor, you can test it within the Unity editor and then you can export it on many different platforms from consoles to PC and mobile as well, both iOS and Android and the problem with that is that while it's very convenient to have this cross-platform tool you also have the inconvenience of the not having access with tools like Apium to the game objects that are coming from within the game engine. And I'll try to show an example of this, I have here, okay it says that my screen sharing is paused, I wonder why, maybe I need to stop the... Is it? I don't know if this is something that, okay, does this work now? Can you see the Unity, I'll take tacto, I guess this is good now. We can see your presentation, can you share it again? Make it full screen now? But I was hoping, oh, so you don't see the full screen, okay, I need to share again then, I think. One second, I will share, I think I shared probably not the full screen, but just the, okay, so can you now see the full screen? I'll take tacto game. Okay, sorry about that. So this is the Unity editor, this is the main kind of environment where you would build your game and this is one of the games that we use as an example for teaching. It's a very simple take tacto game, I will press the play button here so that we can actually play the game and you can do this with all of the games, you can actually run them and play them within the Unity editor without having to install them on a target platform. So this is the game in action and this is how the game is built, we have all these elements here, we have the logo, some buttons, this is how they are arranged in the game and this is the hierarchy of elements that we have from the Unity editor. It's a bit small but hopefully they're not that important in detail what they are, just like we can see in, for example, in Chrome in the development tools, the DOM elements, this is how we see the game elements in Unity. And the game is very simple, we can click play now and just play a take tacto game, we could restart it, we could go back and there's another button here that's called share, if I click it here nothing actually happens within the Unity editor and this is one of those things where we just see something in the console but actually this is a button that on a real device would open a dialogue, like the native share dialogue that you would have where you could share this application to work via Bluetooth or messages or something like this but because this is a platform specific feature we won't see it within the Unity editor. So this is the point where we would try it on an actual platform, I will stop the playtime now and I'll show you. So if we wanted to build this from Unity on any of these platforms we could choose one of those and then just click build and it would create the build for iOS or for Xbox or and so on. Now I've already used Android and I want to show you the game also running on a real Android device, I won't do the build now but basically this creates an APK which is just like any other mobile app except you know it's a game but we can use, in this case I was going to show it by using the Appium inspector just to install this APK on the phone and I have, let me just open it here, the Visor app to try to show you also the mobile phone. I have the same phone over here on my desk connected to my Mac but just to kind of see it better here I, so you know if I do something here it's going to show up on the same in this Visor app. So I will start the session with Appium inspector that should install the application, we should see it here soon, installed AuticTacto, there it is and it should start it and show us, allow us to inspect it like we would with Appium. So I have Appium kind of running here in a terminal already, the Appium server. So okay we see the exact same app, I can play it here and of course this is happening on the device as well. Same thing, the only difference here is that when I click the share button this actually opens this native dialog that I explained earlier and I can click back and go back to it. So now if we try to inspect this app here is where the tricky part comes, so far this looks like any other Android app but if I try to kind of drill down to find the objects this is the kind of the only object that I see, it's a so-called game view, an Android view that contains all of the exported Unity objects so I don't have any access to any of these elements over here. What I would want to and from an automation point of view what I would like to interact with is all of these buttons that we also see over here in Unity but from the inspector we this is basically a black box but on the other hand what is not a black box is the native dialog here, if I refresh the inspector this will actually show all of the native elements in these we can use with Appium and we could interact with them and assert on them. So this part that wasn't available in the Unity editor is available using Appium. So if I go back to the presentation I will just put this again in slideshow but with the game companies that were trying to run automation with Appium on devices in the cloud, well we tried a few approaches and one of them was with image recognition but it didn't really work the way we or didn't have the flexibility and the speed that we wanted so what we were looking for was a solution that would give us access to this structure, to this hierarchy of game objects they are called in Unity on the device so we can access them from the code and when we started working on the alternative tester tool that I will show we realized that the moment we add a game object here in the scene of Unity within the game this knows everything about all of the other objects that are in there so if we could open if this object here could open a connection to the game as like a back door then from the tests we could basically from a script we could have an alt Unity driver we call it that would connect to this back door and would be able to interact with any of the elements so just like the Appium driver we would have an alt Unity driver that would then load a specific level find objects with different locators and then interact with them so this is the solution that we built and I have the link over here and I'll share it later on we'll look at this later on as well it supports C-sharp and Java and Python and I'm going to try now to show you what it would mean to actually write a couple of Python tests for this so within Unity we would need to install a package that would add that object to the to the game it's a package that you could import like you import a lot of any a lot of other Unity plugins it's a very typical way of adding functionality to your game and that gives us access to a few extra settings like we saw the one for building the Android we have here a build button that would actually give us a same game the exact same APK and the same game but it would also have this little object inserted in there that would allow us from the scripts to connect to the game and inspect the element so I already have another application built and I have set up here a very simple project in Python that uses a pytest to try to run a couple of tests that use both the apium driver and the alt Unity driver so this is a bit annoying I have the controls here so I need to move this a little bit so I have because we're using pytest we have a fixture that provides the drivers this provides sets up the the apium driver like I'm sure you're all familiar with the only thing special here is that we use the apk is the instrumented one so the one that has this little thing inside it and then we also have an alt Unity driver that is created in Conf test and they are available for our test over here the test does nothing yet so I will just start it in debug and we'll stop here on this break point and we can look at the at the game on the device let's see and then try to write a couple of tests for this game okay the application is now installed and it looks basically exactly the same as before the only difference is that we have this little object over here if we click on it it's going to tell us that there's a client connected this is the instrumented part that gives us a connection to the Unity elements through the alt Unity driver and assuming that we want to now write some tests that would for example first find the play button or make sure that it's on the page then click on this one to show the share dialogue and then just click back to close it we would have to kind of be mindful of which driver we use so first for the play button we would use the alt Unity driver because it's a Unity element and we would do find or wait for object for example wait for object by name in this case we can we can use by name we have a few other locators and the name for this we get it from the Unity editor this one is called play button over here so we can put that in there we could also copy the same thing and wait for the let me put this back wait for the share button instead of play I remember that that's the name of it and with this one we could also tap on it once we find it and now if when we tap the share button this would open the this dialogue and this is a dialogue that is native for which we would actually have to use the opium driver this time and we could use find element here I will kind of copy this because I have already saved it so we don't need to spend time trying to inspect it so this would basically wait to find this dialogue when it's open and we could have another step just to kind of show the integration with native actions we could with the opium driver click back so that we use this android back button that is specific for for android so I could I will stop this and restart the test now and we can we should see it running in also in debug so I'll try to do this step by step I see that we have a couple of questions but this is the kind of the last thing that I will show because we have just quite little time left so I will look at them in just a moment all right so we are here we are waiting to see the play button if I go over this okay the play button was found then it should look for the share button and tap on it so it found the share button tapped on it now we're moving on to the opium driver that should look for this element and then hopefully click back for the android and this is the whole test so very short demo but this kind of shows the the use of both of the drivers based on the need we could we could switch between native elements and and unity elements quite nicely in a test and and seamlessly interact with the with the application and and the game and we could do a lot of functional automation this way I didn't have any other this was my my main slides I'll leave this here for a bit if you want to check the link and I will see what questions we had here okay so someone somebody's asking is there any other way to get properties or only via unity the locators unity is the main the unity editor is the main way we also are working on an inspector that is similar to the one that opium has but it's that one is not open source and it's also something that you don't necessarily need but it's something that you it can ease your development work but unity editor works quite well for for this purpose at least hopefully this answers the question there's another question that says I still have a little bit of time how much effort does it take from developer side to add this in the build it's it's really it really doesn't take we can you can add that as part of your build it's just a one line command in most cases so it doesn't take a lot of effort from a developer's time to to build this okay I don't know if we do we have I think we are kind of out of time at the moment and let's it's time to wrap it up yeah it's really a nice to get your experience root thank you so much for that


Now let's look at the future tenses. We'll focus first on the future simple tense. The future simple tense is used to indicate actions, of course, in the future. So in order to form these, at least for the positives, we use our subject first. It could be any subject you like. Here we're using we. Followed by the word will and our main verb go. We will go. To make the negative form, we begin with our subject again, followed by will again. Here we've included the word not, just before our main verb go. Will not, of course, can be contracted into won't and the sentence will still be fine. To create the question, again, we invert our words, so will begins the question. We keep our subject after that and use the main verb in its base form. Will we go? Will can often be substituted with other modal verbs. This would indicate varying levels of certainty. We could substitute the words might or may for will in this context. Additionally for questions, especially when making suggestions and in more formal situations, we may substitute the word shall for will. This would result in a question such as shall we go? The usages for the future simple are as follows. We have spontaneous decisions. I'll go with you. Somebody has just told you that they're going to go to the store. You need some things in the store as well and you immediately decide and say, I'll go with you. We have predictions without evidence. It'll rain tomorrow. There might not be a cloud in the sky, but I still could make a prediction that it will rain tomorrow. Future facts. I'll be 21 next year. I'm 20 now, but in the future, I'll be 21. We also have promises and threats. Often heard at weddings. I'll love you forever. There are more usages, which we haven't highlighted here. These are the four most common for the additional usages. Please look them up in your materials. Now we'll have a look at the teaching ideas for the future simple tense. As we said earlier, the future simple tense can be used for threats or promises or in this case for predictions. Here we'll have a pair of students working together. One has a prompt to say something and the other will begin it with a certain comment and then make a sentence using the future simple tense. Here, I'm taking my driving test tomorrow. Good luck. You'll pass for sure. I lost a tennis again. Cheer up. You'll do better next time. So on and so forth. Of course, having a bit of feedback at the end. Some additional ideas for the future simple tense include things like horoscopes. Here, you'll divide your class up into groups, provide them with a zodiac sign. They'll create an horoscope for that zodiac sign and when they're finished, you'll gather them up together. They'll share their horoscopes and see who that actually applies to. Then we have our fortune telling. You could use this as a role play, whereas one student or a pair of students comes to see a fortune teller. Now the fortune teller will make statements such as, you'll have a baby next year. You'll get a great job promotion soon. So on and so forth. Finally, we have our wedding vows. You could encourage students to create their ideal wedding vows for their partner or some silly wedding vows, anything that will basically make a promise. This could also include employment contracts, so on and so forth. And now let's look at the future continuous tense. The future continuous tense is typically used to indicate an action in progress at a particular time in the future. To form this tense in the positive form, we have our subject here we've used, Karen. The word will, our auxiliary verb, our helping verb to be, and then the present participle or the verb plus ing. So Karen will be going. In order to create the negative form, we keep with our positive form but add not in between will and our helping verb to be. Finally, we ask our question by beginning with will that we have our subject being sure to include our helping verb and the present participle will Karen be going. Some of the more common usages for the future continuous tense are as follows. We can use them to speak about actions in progress at a future time, such as, I'll be having lunch at 2 p.m. We can use it to predict the present. Because we're predicting, we wouldn't often predict something about ourselves, so perhaps somebody has asked about a gentleman, John, and his whereabouts. You're not sure about his whereabouts, but you're going to predict it and you use the future form. I think John will be having lunch now. We can also use it for polite inquiries. It's particularly where we don't want to influence the outcome. There are other ways to ask things, but if we need to get the most accurate answer without influencing it, we could put it in a very polite form such as, will you be coming to the party? Now here are some teaching ideas for the future continuous tense. Here we have an activity where we'll be asking students to spontaneously make some excuses based upon some invitations. We can do this into pairs or small groups. The teacher will have cut these cards up and the students will place them into a pile, randomly picking up a card. So one student might pick this card up and say, would you like to play tennis with me tomorrow? The other student will be challenged to come up with an excuse as quickly as possible, which might be, no, I'm sorry, I'll be working. Then we have the next student pick up the next card and we challenge an additional student to make an excuse. Here we have another teaching idea for the future continuous tense and this involves two students trying to plan a meeting between themselves sometime in the future. One student will have a planner such as this filled in with quite a few activities. Their partner will also have a planner filled in with activities on opposite days. The activity will be rigged so that only one day allows for both of them to meet together. The objective of the activity will be to find that day. They'll need to do so by asking a series of questions. One may begin with, would you be available on the 14th? Here this student would notice that they have a conference and respond with, I'm sorry, I'll be attending a conference. He may return with another day and by asking these series of questions eventually they'll arrive at the day they can meet. As with any activity where certain members of the group are missing information and they have to compare and contrast their information, we have to make sure that the students aren't actually showing each other their diaries and they're having to ask each other questions and respond verbally. And now let's have a look at the future perfect tense. The future perfect tense is used to talk about an action in the future that will be completed by a point in the future. Here we have for our positive form. Our subject in general we're using the pronoun she here. So she will have finished. We're using the word will to indicate the future. We're using our helping verb or auxiliary verb have and the past participle form of the main verb. In this case here it's finish which we've conjugated as finished. She will have finished. In order to make the negative form we simply add the word not between the word will and our helping verb have. She will not have finished. And finally we ask our question by starting with the word will, then using our subject, our auxiliary verb have and our main verb finished. Will she have finished. The only usage for this tense will be to speak about actions that will be completed before a future time. Here our example sentence reads, I will have finished this course by the end of the year. Here we're relating to a future action finishing or have finished something by another point in the future which is here the end of the year. Now let's take a look at the teaching ideas for the future perfect tense. This tense is used to talk about actions that will have happened by another point in time in the future. Here we could be asking questions like what will you have done by the age of 50? What will you have accomplished by next year? We could shorten that into simple diaries and journals. We could give students a monthly calendar for them to fill out. At the end of it we'll ask questions such as what will you have done by the end of the month. The students can make various comments based upon that. We can also use this for famous people. We can have our students choose a famous actor or famous politician and simply ask how many films will he have made by the time he's 50? How many films will she have directed by the year 2025? Now let's take a look at the future perfect continuous tense. This tense is used to talk about how long an action had been taking place up until a certain point in the future. Our examples are for the positive sentence we have our subject u and three auxiliary verbs will have been and then our main verb in the present participle form again that's the verb plus ing. For our negative form again we're simply inserting the word not between will and have and to ask our question we invert will with the subject here we're using you and we come up with a question will you have been watching and the rest of our sentence. As with the other future tenses the word will can be substituted for other modal verbs. These modal verbs would indicate varying levels of certainty for the future. So again we could substitute may or might for the word will. Also with the future tenses the will and not will contract into its contracted form of won't. As mentioned earlier the usage for the future perfect continuous tense is to show how long an action will have happened by a future time. Our example sentence reads by the end of this year I'll have been living in London for 20 years. So I'm talking about a point in the future by the end of this year and how long the action will have been happening by that time. By the end of this year I'll have been living in London for 20 years. A teaching idea for the future perfect continuous tense includes a survey. Here we want to be able to find out the duration of an activity at a certain point in time for the future. A sample question might be how long will you have been learning English for by the end of the year. At the end of the activity we should be able to identify who will have been learning English for the longest and who will have been learning English for the shortest amount of time. Please bear in mind that the future perfect continuous is one of those rare tenses that we don't often use. This does mean that we're quite limited in the range of activities that we can use with our students. Another way of expressing the future tense is by what's called the going to future tense. Here we have our examples of they are going to watch, they are not going to watch, and the question are they going to watch. Here the important words are the helping verb to be conjugated appropriately based upon our subject. We've got the word going, the word to and the base form of any verb that follows. To add the negative we'll put not in between are and going. And again to make the question we'll invert the subject and the helping verb resulting in are they going to watch. There are two usages for the going to future tense and they are as follows. To indicate future plans with intentions that have been decided upon before speaking. We could for example say they are going to watch a film. I know that they've decided to go watch a film and I want to make a statement about them. I can say they are going to watch a film. Or we can have predictions but this time the predictions are actually based upon evidence. Here I can see black clouds building in the sky coming towards me and I might say something like it's going to rain. Now let's take a look at a teaching idea for the going to future tense. With a low level student we might be able to use pictures. The students will work in pairs or small groups to look at evidence based upon the pictures and then make a prediction as to what the person is going to do. As we have low level learners we might give them a few prompts based upon which they can make a sentence. So they might read the word right, look at the picture and say she's going to write a letter. They can look at the word travel. Try to match it with a picture and say she's going to travel to Manchester. Some additional teaching ideas for the going to future tense include weather predictions. We could give a student some information about a particular country and their weather. Based upon that information for that country our students will predict the weather in the future week or in the future month. Again these predictions are based upon evidence given. We can also plan a party because the going to future tense is used for future plans that have already been set forth. So we could plan a party or a holiday. We could say I'm going to have a Halloween party and I'm going to come as this person or that person. And we're going to bring this food or that food and we're going to do this at the party or that at the party so on and so forth. Outside of the actual future tenses we can talk about things in the future but use present tenses. Two of them are present simple and present continuous. We use the present simple typically to talk about timetables and schedules. I'll say a statement such as the train leaves at 6 p.m. We could also use present continuous when talking about future arrangements. I've arranged something in the future so I could say something like we're playing football on Saturday. It's been arranged. The teaching idea we'll use for the present continuous used for future arrangements is nearly identical to the activity used for the future continuous. Again we'll give our students diaries. We'll pair them up and between the two of them they have to ask each other questions and find the day upon which both of them can meet. The big difference here will be that we'll ask our students to form their questions and their answers in the present continuous tense. So this student may hear a question such as what are you doing on the 14th? This student would respond with I'm attending a conference. This will occur until the students find the day upon which they can meet. As you may have noticed there are quite a few activities which utilize a planner. These planners or diaries are particularly useful for practicing the future tense and the past tense. Of course for the past tense we would use planners or diaries from the week previous and for the future tenses we'll use planners and diaries for next week or next month. Now we'll have a quick review of the future tenses. In our first example sentence I will do my homework tomorrow. The structure is subject I will plus the verb in its base form I will do. This is the simple tense and is used particularly for predictions when there's no evidence present. I think it'll rain tomorrow. I don't have any evidence to suggest that I'm just making a prediction. It's also used for threats and promises. I will love you forever.  The future simple is also used when we're making a spontaneous decision. Somebody tells you your friends in hospital you didn't know you say oh I'll go and visit her. There's no plan involved it's purely a spontaneous decision. Our second example sentence at 4 p.m. tomorrow I will be doing my homework. I will be doing my homework is in the future continuous tense. This has the structure subject I plus will plus be plus verb with the ing at the end I will be doing. The future continuous tense is used to describe an action that will be in progress at a particular future time. Just as a present continuous was used to talk about an action in progress at the present time and the past continuous was used to talk about an action in progress at a past time the future continuous is used to talk about an action in progress at a particular future time. Third example sentence by 6 p.m. tomorrow I will have done my homework. This is the future perfect tense and this has the structure subject I plus will plus have plus the past participle in this case done. The future perfect tense is used for an action that will be completed before a point in the future. In this example sentence the point in the future is 6 p.m. And we want to express what will have been completed before that time. Our final example sentence at 5 p.m. tomorrow I will have been doing my homework for three hours. I will have been doing here is the future perfect continuous tense. This has the structure subject in this case I plus will plus have plus been plus verb ing. So we can see here this is the only tense we have with three auxiliary verbs will have and been. The future perfect continuous tense is used to focus on the duration of an action before a point in the future. Our point in the future here is 5 p.m. tomorrow and we want to talk about the duration of an activity up until that point. I will have been doing my homework for three hours up until that point. There are also three additional tenses which can be used to express the future. As in our first example sentence here this is the going to future I am going to play tennis tomorrow. The going to future has the structure subject plus the verb to be in the present tense am is or are. Plus going plus to plus the verb in the base form I am going to play. The going to future unlike the future simple is used to express plans or intentions things that have already been decided before the moment of speaking. The going to future is also used for predictions whereas the future simple use predictions without evidence. The going to future is used for predictions with evidence. For example I can see a big black cloud overhead I have some evidence therefore I can make my prediction it's going to rain. We can also use the present continuous for the future. Here we see I am seeing the doctor tomorrow. This is just a normal present continuous structure that we've seen before subject plus verb to be in the present tense plus verb with ing at the end. The present continuous tense for the future is used for future arrangements things that you'd put in your planners diaries or journals. The final tense that we use for the future is the present simple such as in our example sentence the train leaves at 6pm. The present simple here is being used with the future meaning and it's used for scheduled or timetabled events. Here now are some tips on the successful completion of your three tense units. First when identifying a sentence tense focus on the structure of the sentence rather than its usage. The structure is what dictates the tense used for example if a sentence lacks the auxiliary verb to have it cannot be a perfect tense sentence. Similarly if a sentence lacks the present participle used as the main verb in the sentence it cannot be a continuous tense sentence. This can also be helpful for creating sentences. Once you've created a sentence you feel is appropriate have another look and analyze that sentence's form before looking at its usage. When asked for reasons why you've identified a specific tense be sure to list a usage. If you're able to do this correctly your answer will most likely be correct. When asked to explain something to a low level student be sure to word your answer as if you're really explaining it to the low level student rather than your tutor. Be sure to use basic language and be as clear as possible. Finally when asked to give an activate stage idea please bear in mind the aims of the activate stage. These are one to maximize student talk time. Be sure that your activity allows for the students to speak as much as possible. Secondly be sure that the students are using the language freely and in an open-ended way so as to maximize or improve fluency. Three focus on the target language we always want to be ensuring that our students are using the very language point that we've been explaining. Finally keep in mind that these shouldn't be worksheet based activities where the worksheets are more useful for the study stage rather than the activate stage.