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So I'll start the class once again. Welcome to BC110. Thank you guys. Okay. I'm audible now. Okay. Welcome to BC110 on the course on identity class. Are you able to hear me? It's okay. It's good. Yeah. Am I clear? The video is good. Okay. Okay. Thank you. Thank you for confirming. Yeah. All fine. Okay. So we are on section 10. Okay. On topic going to discuss today. We're going to study on born to overcome always. So let's turn one John chapter five verse one. And four talks about whoever believes that Jesus is the Christ is born of God. And everyone who loves him who begot also loves him who's begotten of him. Verse four says whatever is born of God overcomes the world. And this is the victory that has overcome the world through our faith. So John is actually talking about being born of God. So in this very book in one John, we see that in chapter two, three and four, John has been again and again emphasizing on being born of God. So how are we being born of God? Anyone from the class? Anyone from online? How are we being born of God? Women. Okay. Women says when we believe in Jesus Christ, we are born of God. We have Sean here. When we put our whole self to death and be born of the new self in God. So when we put our whole self, the whole self that is when we trust on Jesus, we have been born of God. Yes. John has been telling same thing.  The Jesus is the Son of God, has been born of God. So this means believing in the Messiah. One was promised from the very Old Testament. You see time and again the prophets were saying that there is a need of Messiah. God will send the Messiah to redeem his people. And here we see John been emphasizing Jesus as the Messiah. So usually if you see the book of John, the Gospel of John and the other books, John emphasizes on the love of God. John emphasizes on the love of God, but he never wants anyone to believe that the salvation comes only by loving others. But here he says it is a free gift. One who's been born of God, one who believes on Jesus is the Son of God. I've been born of God. So when we put our complete trust on Jesus, on the work that he did on the cross, the work that he accomplished on the cross that he died for you and me. He shed his blood for you and me. When we believe Jesus is the Lord and Savior. And we accept the truth. You see one has been born of God. And the verse also says everyone who loves him, who begot also loves him, was begotten in him. So what do we understand from here? John says being born of God as all these effects. So there are two major effects. What are those? It is assumed that we will love God, him who begot us. We love God because we have been born again into this new family of God. It is also thought that we love others as how God loves us. We need to love each other. That is who? The brothers and sisters in Christ. We need to love them. And this is a common ground where, you know, when we talk about the love of Christ, so we need, it has been discussed on the common ground that one who believes in Jesus, we have the free gift of salvation. How do we receive this free gift of salvation? By grace of God. So we don't toil for it. We don't work for it. So here John is mentioning about loving others. So when we love others, what do we do? Are we loving others outside a caste, creed, language and the tribe? Are we loving others beside our denomination? Or are we holding on to a denomination and say God, Jesus died on the cross only for us, only for this denomination. Is it so? Does the scripture talk about any denomination? Does it say that Jesus died only on the cross for this set of people? This is what Paul was emphasizing that Jesus died on the cross for the whole world. What does John 3.16 say? God so loved the world. Did God say he loved only certain denomination? No, God is a big God. He is talking about the whole world. So he says, I love the world. I love the world and I died for each one of them from the world. So people may be in the faith or people may be outside faith. Of a different faith. But if they believe Jesus as the Lord and Saviour and accept him as the Son of God, will they receive the salvation? Which is a free gift, isn't it? When people from different denomination or people from different faith, when they put their faith on Jesus, when they come to the knowledge of Christ, receive Jesus as a Lord and Saviour, they get into the family of God. So there is no denomination in picture. There is no caste in this picture. There is no language. You may be in any tribe, any language. But the minute you trust Jesus, you accept him, you believe in him, that he is the Son of God. He died on the cross for you and me. He died for me and receive him as a Lord and Saviour. You have been born into God's family. You got it? This is what John is talking about. You may be in any caste, any tribe, any denomination. But the minute you accept Jesus, you come to the knowledge of Christ and you accept Jesus as the Lord and Saviour. Now you have been born in God's family. So here is emphasizing on the free gift of salvation. You don't work for it. You don't toil for it. You don't earn it, but it's a free gift. How? Once you believe Jesus as the Lord and Saviour, you receive it. You receive this eternal life and you have been born again in God's family. So being born of God has a common ground. That is by having, putting our faith in Jesus Christ. So verse 4 says whatever is born of God overcomes the world. And this is the victory that has overcome the world through faith. Through our faith. And in 1 Corinthians chapter 15 verse 57, Paul says But thanks be to God who gives us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ. So the victory, the battle has been fought by Jesus Christ and he had the victory through Jesus. As we studied in the Mon of God and our victory is in Christ Jesus. Our victory is in Christ Jesus. So as we have studied that, let's move on to the next promise of life. Can I request professor to turn to John chapter 5 verse 20? John chapter 5 verse 20. We know also that the Son of God has come and has given us understanding. So that we know that we may know him who is true and we are in him who is true. Why being in his son Jesus Christ.  To know him and to be in him is eternal life. So what we see here is the very verse starts saying like this that we may know him who is true and we are in him who is true in his son Jesus Christ. The very conclusion of this letter is turning to a major theme that is fellowship with Jesus Christ. Relationship with Jesus Christ. So how do we get this relationship? How do we develop a relationship with God? How do we develop the relationship with Jesus? Yes, John. When he meditated on his word. Meditated on his word. Anyone? Through prayer and sending time to God. Anyone? You can type in the chat. Okay, Nina says. No, no, faith in him. Okay. Yeah, please go ahead. Put your answers in the chat. I'll read it out. How do we develop this fellowship with Jesus Christ by obeying in his word? They also might be like certain moments in life.  Suppose, for example, you have to attend church on Sunday. But you have some other function you have to attend on Sunday. But that's when you have to decide whether if God is important or people is important. When you make those type of those priorities, when you set those priorities is when you deepen in a relationship with God. Yeah, thanks, John. So what we see here is setting up priority. Okay, so how do we set up priority? How do we develop this fellowship with God? The relationship with God is nothing but knowing Him. Once we get the knowledge of knowing, this is what John is saying about. This is what John says in 520, in knowing God, that we may know Him who is true. The minute you know who God is, you develop a relationship, you develop a fellowship with Him. So in knowing Him and the word, John uses here, know. In Greek means, it says gnosko. It means knowledge or experience. The very experience that you have when you pray, when you relate yourself with God, through that experience, you get to know God, the knowledge of God. And the very experience that you get when you spend time with God in prayer, in His word, you develop a relationship with Him. You develop a fellowship with Him. And this is how that you get to know Jesus. And there's an understanding, there is an understanding that we receive how the work that Jesus does in us reveals, I mean, it gives us an understanding of who He is in us.  So the understanding comes when we have this relationship with God. When we have a develop a relationship or develop a, you know, a fellowship with God, we get this knowledge. When we receive the knowledge of who Christ is in us, we also get an understanding how a human interacts with two people and we try to understand each other. In the same way, in our fellowship with God, in our relationship with God, we try to understand Him. God gives us that ability to understand Him so that we may know Him better. The word also says that we know Him because He has revealed Himself to us. It's not that with our ability, with our thought we are able to understand God. It is a gift of God. It is God who reveals Himself to us that we may understand Him. That's what the scripture in John chapter 6 verse 44 says, for no man can come to me unless the Father who sent me draws them to me. So unless the Father draws us, calls us near to Christ, we cannot know Christ. So it is God who reveals Christ to each of us when we seek Him. That's what the scripture says. When you seek Him, you will find. When you seek earnestly, you will find Him. So when we find Him, He gives us the ability to understand God. He expands our knowledge to know Him much deeper. The time when you encountered God is still now. You see how much you know Him. Your relationship with God, your knowledge of God is much better now more than the time you encountered Him. And you're not satisfied. We are not satisfied at where we are because knowing God, understanding God is something that works in progress. Every day when we spend time in word and in prayer, you see God reveals Himself much more deeper to each of us according to the ability that God is revealing in us. He expands us to know Him. He's working in us. He's revealing Himself to us every day of knowing who God is in our lives. So this is the true God and this is the eternal life which John talks about, who Jesus is. So John tells here, Jesus, when he was on this earth, yes, he was 100% man and he was also 100% God. Yes, this is the true God. He is the eternal life. And we will study more in here how Jesus was 100% God and 100% man in the course Christology. Yes, John. Yes, Sean. Can you say that one last question. Can you say that's how close our relationship with God is? The more aspect of the relationship, the more like we want to initiate, the more we are able to discern much better. The more aspect of the relationship is the higher. So does that mean that's how close our relationship with God has become? It doesn't. You shouldn't even should know that you are... isn't here. There is no time that we could say I have reached the full list of knowing God. It is always broken. God will only grow and grow. Every time you read the word, every time you see different revelation or you get in the your relationship with God will grow only much better and better and better. Day by day, the more you get into His Word, get into His Spirit. You see the Holy Spirit speak and reveal things to you from the Word. And that's how when you pray, when you meditate on His Word, you know God is a God who reveals the mysteries of the Word to each of us. And again, we see that each of us have God. The relationship that we develop, He speaks to us and reveals things to us. Yes, by constantly praying and our relationship, that's how He reveals Himself to us. For example, if a bottle of water is given to all of us and they are asked to drink, how much would all of us drink to the same level? Or each of us will drink how much the person needs. Right? So they will just keep the bottle there. Okay, I can drink later. The one who is thirsty may actually finish his water. Isn't it? The same way, the presence of God is always there. One gets more of Him according to the thirst that each one of us have. You got it? Everyone, you are able to understand. So it all depends on the thirst that we have. The more you thirst, that's what in Matthew chapter 5 in the Beatitudes it says blessed are the poor in spirit for theirs is the kingdom of God. So it's always good. What is poor in spirit means? Thirsting for more of His spirit. Thirsting for more of God. Thirsting for more of the understanding, the revelation of His Word. What happens? The more you thirst, the more you will be blessed. The more you thirst, more things you will be revealed. So this should be our prayer. Lord, I need more of you. I need more of you. I don't want to be satisfied. I don't want to be in the place of content in knowing God. Contentment is important in the other things, in the worldly things. But when it comes to God we should not be content. We should ask God, God, I need you more. I want to know you more. I want to understand you more. I want to develop this relationship, this fellowship more with you. Expand my spirit person that I may understand more of you and experience more of you. So we should be in that place. Okay, with that we will move on to the next one. Sealed with the spirit. Sealed with the spirit. Efficiency chapter 1 verse 13 and 14. Can I request one of them from the online class to read? Efficiency chapter 1 verse and 14. Vijay, if they read, we can all hear, right? Shivkumar, Prince, Nina, Prabhu anyone? Okay, please go ahead. You can unmute and read. Who is a deposit guaranteeing our inheritance until the redemption of those who are God's position to the praise of his glory. Can I read 13 and 14? Efficiency chapter 1 verse 13 and 14. And you also were included in Christ when you heard the word of truth the gospel of your salvation having believed you were marked in him with a seat the promised Holy Spirit who is a deposit guaranteeing our inheritance until the redemption of those who are God's position to the praise of his glory. Thank you. So in Efficiency chapter 1 verse 13 says in him you also trusted in him you also trusted. Is there an action involved from our side? We need to trust. There's an action. Trust after you heard the word of truth.  What happens here?  Is he going to visit us or will he abide with us forever? That's what John which chapter is that? John 14 is it John 14 16 or 16 14? Can you all turn? John chapter 14 verse 16 says can you all read it loud? NKJV version please read loud. Yes. I will pray to the Father and he will give you another helper that he may abide with you forever. So who is the helper that Jesus is talking about? Holy Spirit.  So when we believe Jesus is a Lord and Saviour this is what this verse says Ephesians 1 verse 13 when you believe and you hear the word of truth and you hear about the gospel of salvation and you trust on it and you have been believed when you believe on the gospel that Jesus is the Messiah is the son of God who died on the cross for you and me and we have been saved through Christ Jesus. The gospel of truth is shared when you believe it and you receive Jesus as your Lord and Saviour. The minute you believe the scripture says you have received the Holy Spirit within you. You have just not received it but there is a seal. There is a seal of spirit you have been sealed with the Holy Spirit of promise so we have been sealed with the Holy Spirit of promise so it is something very essential in God's work the sealing work of the Holy Spirit so what happens? How do we know that we have been sealed? How do we know that we have the Holy Spirit within us? How do we know?  Anyone? When you are able to understand the secret truths of the word when you read the Bible? The Spirit of the Lord who is in you he gives you an assurance he gives you an assurance that you are the child of God you are the child of God those expressions are okay good but then there is something called inner sense inner witness within you now you belong to God's family that assurance can only come through Holy Spirit he gives us that assurance that you are the child of God you are the child of God with that assurance you also see in this verse it is which is a guaranteed of our inheritance Holy Spirit is the guarantee of our inheritance so the seal in the Spirit is nothing but the presence of God around us when we see came he is there when we see Jesus the presence of the Holy Spirit is there how do we get that assurance inner witness it is the sense you have that sense within you if someone walks up to you if someone walks up to you and they tell you Anand you are not you don't belong to your family what is your family name yes Stephen you don't belong to the Stephen's family you don't belong here can you accept that person's word or do you believe what your dad mom your whole family tells you have the proof you go through your childhood from the time you were born from the hospital they have the photos they show you all the records you have a birth certificate you have everything now you have gone through everything but there is one person who comes and walks up to you and say Anand you don't belong to this family will you believe that you say no what you are saying is not right I belong here there is an assurance within you that's how when you are born of God when you receive Jesus as a Lord and Saviour you have been born of God there is an inner sense the Holy Spirit who is in you will give you that assurance will give you that assurance this is what the scripture says you have been born of God like how the records we have same way this is the word from God himself he says that you God loved you so much that God died for you you believe in that how do you believe in this word the Lord who is in you before this we read the scripture unless and until the father calls you you cannot come to him unless and until he reveals himself to you you cannot so God gives you that understanding gives each of us the understanding of knowing him and having been born of God overcomes the world no matter what the world says you know because you are born of God you have this inner witness inner strength within you knowing and assurance that you are of God that's why the scripture says there is no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus there is no condemnation no matter yes as a man we fall we fall but then the Lord says when you repent when you seek me don't give up seek me you will come back there is no condemnation in Christ Jesus we come back this child we are again the daughter and son in him can we turn to 1 Corinthians chapter 1 verse 30 1 Corinthians chapter 1 verse 30 talks about but of him you are in Christ Jesus who became for us wisdom from God so the wisdom that each of us have in understanding God in understanding our relationship with God understanding that we have been born in God's family there is nothing but through God's wisdom this wisdom comes from God it's not the wisdom that the world gives us but this wisdom comes from God how do we get this wisdom this wisdom we get when we are in Christ Jesus when we are in Christ Jesus when we believe in him you see you have been blessed you have been sealed with the Holy Spirit and now we have this wisdom with us when we have wisdom this through this wisdom we get the revelation of this of God's word through this wisdom we come to the knowledge of knowing who we are in Christ Jesus so what happens through this wisdom we see that in the same verse you see who became for us wisdom from God and righteousness and sanctification and redemption and you may feel that I am righteous but in the scripture says because you are in Christ you have been made righteous now because you are in Christ you have been sanctified purified set apart for his work now because you are in Christ you have been redeemed redeemed from that ordinated from the slavery you have been redeemed forever and you have been set apart we also see that in Ephesians chapter 2 verse 3 in whom are all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge so when we are in Christ we have access to God's wisdom and God's knowledge so God reveals himself that's what initially we said right when we are born in God when we are born in Christ according to our ability the more and more we read the word the more and more we pray God reveals himself so how does he reveal through his wisdom through his knowledge so through wisdom isn't about getting smart it's about get God's wisdom is received through in person of Jesus through the relationship that we have in Jesus Christ through the word of God the more and more we meditate on the word word is God we know that in chapter 1 it says in the beginning was the word and the word was with God the word was this word when we meditate on this word as said in Joshua chapter 1 verse 8 he says when you meditate on the word day and night you will have success you will have victory you will not fail you will not go astray you will always be under the will of God under the grace of God why the word there it's not in the book it's not in the Bible the word has no power when it is only in the Bible the word carries power when the word is in your heart and when you meditate on it you got it when you meditate on it the word has power to work within you that's what the scripture says you have the power to call things into existence as what they exist so how do we call things into existence through the word of God for us so how do we get this word of God by the wisdom and the knowledge that God has blessed us so everything that we get there's nothing that we can boast of there's nothing that we could take credit of everything comes from God you know it's a free gift isn't it when you pray when you meditate God reveals himself he pour out his grace upon you he pour out the spirit upon you and more and more you will grow in Christ in his knowledge in his wisdom you'll increase in wisdom of God the more and more we study the word we store the word in our heart and in our mind yeah so the true wisdom is in Jesus Christ so 2nd Corinthians chapter 3 verse 14 2nd Corinthians chapter 3 verse 14 but their mind their minds here we see Paul is talking to the Corinthians church about the Corinthians they say their minds were blinded for until this day the same veil remains unlifted in the reading of the Old Testament because the veil is taken away in Christ so the Old Testament people believed in the law of Moses and the work that he did the systematic rituals that they were following but in Christ in the New Testament we see in Christ our eyes are now been opened open to the spiritual truth that God have set for us so the veil has been removed when we are in Christ and we understand the complete purpose of Christ 1st Timothy chapter 1 verse 14 and the grace of our Lord was exceedingly abundant with faith and love which are in Jesus Christ so we simply walk in faith and love that is in Jesus Christ so lastly I will just cover 5 more minutes we will see we talk about Galatians chapter 3 the blessings of Abraham Galatians chapter 3 was 16, 17 and 29 I will just read it now to Abraham a seed he does not say and to the seeds as of many but as of one and to your seed who is in Christ and this I say that the law which was 430 years later cannot annul the covenant that was confirmed before God in Christ that it should make the promise of no effect and if you are Christ then you are Abraham's and hairs according to the promise so we see that Apostle Paul is emphasizing on Abraham why is Apostle Paul emphasizing on Abraham you see the history in the church of Galatians there were 2 set of people who are the 2 set of people they were Jews, Jewish Christians and they were Gentile Christians now the Jewish Christians emphasizing on the law of Moses they saying you will get salvation only when you are circumcised Galatians the Galatians the Gentiles are saying we believe in Jesus so Paul is bringing a point here Paul is saying God promised Abraham that in your seed all the nations of the earth shall be blessed so here Paul is making a point here observe that the word that is used here seed is a singular word so it's not a plural it's a singular so the point is very clear that God is referring to one specific descendant of Abraham not all the descendants one specific descendant of Abraham was Jesus Christ Jesus Christ so he is referring to that and he says for the inheritance is of the law it is no longer a promise so God in when we read Genesis chapter 12 verse 1 2 and 3 God gave a promise to Abraham it was a promise it was not something that we need to keep it was not a law that we need to observe and we need to keep it but it was a promise or something given freely it is the grace of God so it is a Abrahamic covenant so what is it we say that if the inheritance offered to Abraham was not on the basis of law but it was on the basis of promise which is a grace so we see that God gave it to Abraham in the scripture when it says it uses a Greek word called give means Kyras Kycharistai sorry if I am pronouncing it incorrectly in Greek it says Kycharistai which is based on the Greek word which is derived from this word charis means grace so God's giving to Abraham was this 3 it was a free giving of grace so the word is also perfect tense showing that the gift is permanent the gift is permanent to the generation so some of the scholars say that because of these two set of people in the church of Galatians they were Jewish Christians were focusing or trying to tell the Gentiles to observe the law so Paul is making a point here that if you are in Christ then you are Abraham's seed he is very clear verse 29 when you see he says if you are in Christ then you are Abraham's seed you are just not a seed but you are hairs as well according to the promise that God gave to Abraham so all Christians all Christians who believe that Jesus is Messiah we are the descendants of Abraham and the hairs of God okay when we believe Jesus is the Messiah Jesus is Christ automatically we get into this blessing of Abrahamic covenant where we become his descendant and hairs of God so this place is a very high privilege place according to the promise that has been given to us so if we are in Christ then we have the access to this promise so this the access to this promise does not come to us by any law or does not come to us by being in any set of denomination okay or any said you may be a slave or you may be free you may be a Jew or you may be a Gentile despite where you are which language which tribe which you are the minute you believe Jesus is the Lord and Savior you have been born of God in this kingdom and because you have been born in God's kingdom you have the access of Abrahamic covenant Abrahamic blessing where you become the hairs of God so the blessing that has been stated in Genesis 12 1 2 3 we see that we are blessed in all things and in all area of a life 2nd there are 5 blessings 2nd we see that we are blessed to be a blessing to the nations 3rd we see we have been made righteous by faith in Christ Jesus 4th we see we have a friendship with God we have this relationship to become a friend with God like how Abraham was a friend with God and the 5th see we have the victory over our enemies enemies have no power because God Jesus fought the battle he died on the cross and we are in the place of victory so whenever we handle any kind of challenges any kind of situation we should have the knowledge that we are in Christ and we are fighting from the place of victory you got it the battle belongs to God Lord when Jesus fights our battle and we have victory at him so with that I end this session okay so in Christ we have all good things all good things in Christ we have the axis of all good things and when we have this axis of all good things and we also have this knowledge like Christ has been so good that he has blessed us one thing in Abrahamic blessing is blessed to be a blessing to the nation what is it when you have this axis to the good things the axis also refers to be overflowing to be a blessing because God has blessed us we are going to be a blessing where we will have this heart of blessing to the other people around us just like how we talks in scripture philemon 1 6 philemon was a rich man God blessed him because God blessed him he became a blessing towards all the Christians who were very poor around him so there is a nature of God is for us to be a blessing okay so as we are in Christ we should also emphasize on the nature of Christ for us to be a blessing to others as well okay so with this knowledge let's pray Heavenly Father we thank you we praise you we love you we honor you Father we come into this presence and we thank you Lord that you will bless each of us with the knowledge of Christ that when we are born when we accept Jesus as a Lord and savior we have been born of God and when we have been born of God we have the strength to overcome the world because we have greater who is Jesus in us than who is in the world Lord we thank you for the knowledge for the revelation of who Jesus is in us Father with that revelation Lord I pray that each of us will develop an intimate relationship with you and let this relationship birth the wisdom knowledge and the revelation of who Jesus is in each of us thank you Lord thank you Father for expanding this knowledge for expanding this knowing of each of us in you or Father so that we can identify ourselves in Christ Jesus Amen thank you Lord for doing it so Holy Spirit I pray that you will strengthen each of us because it is you are the one who will reveal will reveal more of Jesus to us thank you Lord in Jesus name we pray Amen thank you class thank you so much God bless thank you for joining in today's session God bless you I hope it was a time of blessing


appreciate that the Scottish Government's evidence-based approach to target setting has led to a somewhat unusual situation now, where we are awaiting further advice from the CCC at the time of the stage 1 debate. I do not think that any of us would have wanted to have been in that position, but that is where we are. It is right that Scotland responded quickly with legislative proposals in response to the Paris agreement with the introduction of the bill. We are one of the first countries to have done so. It is not that you would notice from the tenor of the debate. It is also right that we asked for updated CCC advice in light of the new evidence in the IPCC special report. Clearly, we now need to wait and see what the CCC advice is on 2 May. The Scottish Government will act quickly to amend the bill if the CCC says that even more ambitious targets are now credible. I will keep Parliament fully informed of our response. In my opening statement, I emphasised the importance of Scotland's evidence-based approach to tackling climate change. The committee's stage 1 report has recognised the important role that independent expert advice from the CCC plays within this as statutory advisers. The Scottish Government is mindful of a wide range of other evidence, too. Last month, I had a good meeting with Vivid Economics, the authors of the recent WWF Scotland commission report on pathways to net zero emissions in Scotland. That report drew on 2018 work from the Royal Society on greenhouse gas removal technologies. Both reports have become available since the CCC last provided advice on Scottish targets. I am grateful to both organisations for their positive and constructive contributions. I recently visited the Green Cow facility at Scotland's rural college to learn more about research and innovation around climate-friendly farming. Of course, the Scottish Government is proud to be hosting the meeting in Edinburgh this week of the world's leading climate scientists as they prepare the next IPCC review reports. I am listening carefully to all credible sources of evidence, but Claudia Beamish referred to the Government waiting for the approval of the CCC, somewhat overlooking the fact that the CCC is embedded in the 2009 act as our statutory independent scientific advisers. I take the point that the cabinet secretary is making, but it is my understanding that it is possible for the Scottish Government or any Scottish Government, while this bill, this act will exist, to give reasons why it does not accept the advice of the CCC and could have gone further. Indeed, it did not accept all the advice on the climate change plan. Those calling for us to go beyond the advice of the CCC, and there have been a few in this chamber today, must consider what that would mean for an evidence-based approach more widely when it comes to targets. It would undoubtedly result in distracting arguments about which evidence to follow when the real aim is meeting the goals of the Paris agreement. It walks away from certainty and scientific evidence, instead it puts opinion into the driving seat. We all need to act if the Paris agreement goals are to be met. That means not only all countries, but all communities, individuals and businesses. There has not been much said about businesses this afternoon, so I want to say something about that. Some are leading the way. I recently met one major global firm whose Scottish operations have reduced their emissions by 35 per cent since 2010. Those efforts have also helped them to save money. An example is that they established a behaviour change scheme for staff, which allowed an individual worker to identify energy wastage from the programming of equipment, which was then addressed not only in that one plant but across others using the same equipment. One example of practical action from businesses is that there are many more, and I have asked them to go out and make that point to their colleagues in other business areas as well, and to use the example of what they have done in that positive way. Scotland has half its greenhouse gas emissions. We should all be very proud of that world-leading achievement. That bill will provide the framework to deliver the second half of the decarbonisation journey all the way to net zero. The opportunities and challenges of the second half of the transition will, of course, be very different to those that we have experienced so far. However, what remains unchanged is the value of political consensus. I entirely appreciate the level of interest and expectation around the next climate change plan. Once we have the CCC's updated advice, we will look again at the current plan, which will need to be reviewed after the bill. However, climate change plans are major strategic documents affecting all parts of our economy. Every person in Scotland has a trade-off between rapid production, including stakeholder and public consultation, and the extent and robustness of the content of the plan itself. If I may turn to the issue of costs, mentioned by John Scott among others, future Governments will decide what actions to take to deliver the targets, the costs of which will be affected by future scientific understanding and the availability of technology. It is not reasonable to expect to be able to describe future costs with accuracy. Indeed, and in any case, as Stuart Stevenson interjected, the cost of not tackling climate change will be greater. It is also vitally important that the remainder of Scotland's decarbonisation journey is fair for all. The Government is committed to a transition that continues to bring together our social, economic and climate objectives, and in which no one is left behind, raised by a number of members, including Claudia Beamish and Alec Rowley. The Just Transition Commission that we have established has been tasked with providing the Scottish Government with practical advice on how to maximise the opportunities and manage the challenges of decarbonisation in relation to fair work, tackling inequalities and poverty, and delivering a sustainable and inclusive labour market. The independent commission chaired by Professor Jim Ski started work in January and will advise on how to shift to a carbon neutral economy in a way that is fair for all. The committee has asked the Scottish Government to further consider how the bill can reflect our commitments to a Just Transition. Following the separate debate on this in Parliament in January, I can confirm that we are giving this further consideration, and I will provide an update to Parliament before stage 2 begins. The committee has asked the Scottish Government to give further consideration to the possibility of setting sector-specific emissions reduction targets. We will do so and provide an updated response once the CCC's advice is available. Once again, I need to remind members of multiple interconnections between sectors that sector targets could make substantially more difficult to factor into the detriment of overall success. That is particularly the case with agriculture, mentioned by a number of members, where the inventory does not reflect all that farmers do to reduce emissions and data revisions can have a disproportionate effect on specific sectors as well. Our current view remains that the existing framework of economy-wide targets is working well and provides the necessary flexibility to respond to changing circumstances. To conclude, Presiding Officer, this is a vitally important bill for every person, business and community in Scotland. The bill strengthens Scotland's place as a world leader in tackling the defining global challenge of our time. It sets the most ambitious targets of any country in the world and ensures that those always remain under review. It further strengthens our already uniquely rigorous framework of accountability around the targets. It will effectively support action over the years and decades to come, as Scotland delivers net zero emissions as soon as possible. Thank you, cabinet secretary. That concludes the debate on the climate change emissions. The protocol between the Parliament and the Government in relation to the handling of committee business sets out in paragraph 41. The Scottish Government should normally respond to any committee report not later than A, two months after publication of the report or B, where, exceptionally, the debate is to be within two months of publication a week before the chamber debates the report. Members receive the Government's response to the stage 1 committee report on the climate bill at 12.43pm yesterday. That gave us barely 24 hours to read and digest the implications of the Government's response ahead of this afternoon's debate on this critical legislation. No letter was issued to the committee to explain the nature and reason for the delay. Presiding Officer, can I ask for your advice on whether the protocol has indeed been breached and, if so, what your advice is to the Government and Parliament on the matter? I thank the member for advance notice of the point of order. I would also note that the issue was raised at the meeting of the Parliamentary Bureau earlier today. I believe that the minister, the cabinet secretary, referred to it in her concluding remarks. It is the case that a protocol does exist, covering the issue of how the Government should respond to committee reports. The protocol covers best practice, however it also covers the circumstances in which the Government is not able to respond to a committee in good time and has to respond on the day. I believe that that is the situation that the Government has found itself in. I would suggest that the member pursues this matter or the committee in fact pursues this matter with the Government directly. However, I thank him for the point of order and I am sure that the Government has noted the point that he makes.


Hello Columbia and welcome to This Week in the City. Highlights brought to you from the public relations, media and marketing department with the City of Columbia. I am your host, Alicia Utsi. Hello Columbia. As we kick off this week in the city we want to remind you about our Lock It Up Columbia Gun Lock Safety Giveaway Program. The campaign kicked off last week on June 30th. Please note that you can now receive a free gun lock for your firearms in order to keep them safe while they're in your home. Again, these are free and will be given out at various locations. You will see the details on our screen on our flyer. You can also visit our website for the additional details at columbiasc.gov and make sure you follow us on our social media platforms on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram for dates and locations for the free gun lock giveaway program. Lock it up Columbia and stay safe. As we begin the week on Monday, July 4th, please know that all city offices will be closed in observance of Independence Day. Also, there are changes to the garbage and recycling schedule. All Monday customers, please put your trash and recyclables out on Tuesday, July 5th. And on Tuesday customers, please put your garbage and recyclables out on the curb on Wednesday, July 6th. Again, there will be no trash collection or garbage collection on Monday, July 4th in observance of the Independence Day holiday. All Monday customers, please put your garbage and recyclables out on Tuesday. And on Tuesday customers, please put your garbage and recycling out on Wednesday. You can also confirm these details by checking our website at columbiasc.gov. On Tuesday and Thursday this week on July 5th and July 7th, there will be COVID-19 vaccination and testing clinics held free of charge from 1 p.m. until 5 p.m. at Melrose Park. Melrose Park is located at 1500 Fairview Drive. Again, these clinics will be open from 1 p.m. until 5 p.m. They are open and free to the public. Please stop by if you are in need of a COVID-19 vaccination or a COVID-19 test. As we close our program, we want to close with your weekly reminder regarding our summer camps and also prime time in the parks, which are the teen parties that are scheduled on Friday evenings from 8 p.m. until 11 p.m. at various city parks. Please visit our website at columbiasc.gov for additional details for activities for your youth. You can also check out our Youth Services Guide, which lists activities throughout the entire summer for children and youth in our community. Well, that wraps up another week in the city and we hope you find the information helpful. For any details regarding any of these announcements, please contact public relations, media, and marketing. By calling us at<PHONE_NUMBER>, you may email us at pio at columbiasc.gov. You can also check out our website 24 hours a day at columbiasc.gov. And make sure you connect with us and follow us on social media on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram as well as our YouTube channel for on-demand programming for our video productions. Again, thank you for joining us and remember, we are Colombia.


ANVIO is a comprehensive analysis and visualization platform for microbial genomes in metagenomic assemblies with interactive interfaces that link omics data from multiple sources into a single, intuitive display. It offers automated and human-guided characterization of microbial genomes and its extensible visualization approach distills multiple dimensions of information about each contig. ANVIO is an open-source platform that empowers researchers without extensive bioinformatics skills to perform and communicate in-depth analyses on large omics data sets. This article was authored by Amorat Aran, Askin C. Eason, Christopher Quince, and others.


We are proud to say that here at Manipal hospitals in Bangalore, we have been at the forefront of neonatal intensive care and neonatology for the last almost close to 28 and a half years. Those days when newborn intensive care was not even heard of, we started one of the most advanced tertiary care facilities, including facilities for ventilation, where the first ones to start giving what is called surfactant replacement therapy in the country use higher forms of ventilation like high frequency oscillatory ventilation, where the first ones to transport babies even by air for 20 years back trying to get these babies into our center to be able to treat them. We would do also what is called transport of mothers at high risk for premature deliveries and bring them here and we have been at the foremost of newborn intensive care technology and we are very proud to say that in this last 28 and a half years now, we have babies who were born in the early 90s 1992 onwards and they are today active and productive members of our society, highly educated professionals, highly educated scholars, we have amongst a cohort group of babies who are so called our NICU premature babies those days delivered. So on today the world prematureity day, we at Manipal Hospital Bangalore and I as chairman and head of neonatology, I am proud to say and I am proud to inaugurate this initiative which is done by our own premature babies, we are going to start this live interactive Facebook page and a club called the Ex-Premise of Manipal Hospital, the club. So I have now the pleasure to introduce and inaugurate this club. So Mr. Devskanda is going to talk about it. When we first came to Manipal Hospital and met Dr. Kartik and his team, we had really not even heard of an NICU, we had not heard of such tiny children being born, Dr. Kartik he was very reassuring and very practical as well. And the next day the baby was born and we were told about all the complications that are likely to occur with a small baby this size, with a low birth weight, he was a luchila as well. And I don't really remember the early parts of being a creamy but what I do remember is that Dr. Kartik has always been from even when I was 3 years old during one of my surgeries I never saw him as like you know the usual doctor-patient relationship that people have especially kids, they are always scared of doctors. So that wasn't there at all, it was very warm, caring and even during one of my surgeries I think one doctor even took me, he carried me himself into the operation theatre so it was things like that that really made it okay. When you reached 1000 grams it was like a celebration, everybody, oh congratulations there was such a sense of you know it was really nice, it was not just us feeling happy that our baby became 1000 grams and 1 kg, it was everybody the nurses, everybody was really happy. The milestone that Dave Skanda goes through we have always been immensely grateful for those days in the NICU because the way they handed it the doctors always seemed to know what was coming, it was quite amazing the way they hand you the crisis part of the thing. We have had the advantage of being able to harness the best of technology, best of experience doctors and the best of good nursing which has been dedicated so much that these babies have done very well and a dedicated care with the support and the encouragement of parents who have had full faith in us has been able to bring about good results in our prematures.


Taxes, ooh, don't let that term scare you and don't go anywhere. Taxes is one of the things that we have to put up with as business owners and many people are afraid of dipping into the e-commerce scene because they simply have no idea what it means when it comes to paying their taxes and what taxes we have to pay. And that is why in this video, I'm gonna simplify the whole process for you and teach you everything that you need to know about taxes when running an e-commerce business. Now, this may not be the most sexiest topic when starting your e-commerce business, but if you're here for the long run and I really hope that you are, you need to watch this video. Quick intro and let's go. Hello everyone, I'm Liran from AutoDS and in this video, we're gonna talk about our tax obligations when running our e-commerce businesses. Now, reminder, this is not financial advice and I highly advise you to seek a professional in your country where you reside in and get the most accurate information for where you reside. Having said that, do not forget to subscribe to our YouTube channel to always learn about the hottest and most important topics when running an e-commerce business and like and share this video if you appreciate the value. Having said that, let's go ahead and jump right in. Dropshipping taxes, a beginner's guide, everything that I'm going over in this video, you can also read about it in the blog which I'll leave a link to right below this video. And don't forget to comment below and let me know what you guys think about your dropshipping taxes if you're already paying taxes and how that is going for you. Now, let's go ahead and begin. How do taxes work with dropshipping? To start off, it works differently in every country but many countries have similar things that have to do with taxes like paying your income tax which is applicable for pretty much every country except for a few exceptions which I will get to soon. Other taxes that we'll need to pay besides income tax is sales tax, source tax and customs duty. I'm gonna go over all of that and everything that you need to know about it. For starting off, your income tax is a type of tax that your government charges. So it depends on where you live, where you reside, you'll have to pay a certain income tax for every time you make an income. So whether you're running your own online business or even if you have a regular nine to five job, you are bound to pay income tax as long as you are making an income. How much tax you need to pay depends on how much you are making. There are different steps, different levels of taxes that you need to pay and you can see depending on your country where you live what are the percentage steps there and what total percentage of income tax you have to pay from your income. Now if you're working on nine to five, you have someone in the accounting department of that company that's doing that job for you. But if you're running your own business you'll need to have your own accountant or do it yourself which requires a lot of work and understanding. So my tip for you here is pay your accountant from your profits and that also turns it into a business expense so you won't have to pay taxes for whatever you're paying your accountant.    The second type of tax is the sales tax. Now the sales tax is what you are charging on your selling channel. Now sometimes you have control over your sales tax and sometimes you don't have control over it it depends on what selling channel you're using. For example, if you're dropshipping on Shopify or Wix and other hosting platforms like that and in general what happens here is when you make a sale on your store the customer is charged for tax so there's the selling price whatever price you're selling the product for. For example, you sold a product for $20 but instead of the customer paying you $20 you'll notice that he paid you $22 with an extra $2 tax as an example. Now my obligation as a seller is to collect that $2 tax and pay it to the government from where the customer resides in. So for example, if I open a store on eBay US I will notice that eBay is charging sales tax for every time someone buys something from my store. So let's use the example that I just used. I charge a customer $20 for a product. The customer pays $20 plus an extra $2 tax through eBay. Now eBay wants to send me a payout of $22 minus the selling channel fees but let's put that on the side for now. Now eBay owes me $22 for example. They're going to pay me $20 and then they're gonna deduct that $2 tax and they will take the responsibility of paying the US government those extra $2 sales tax. So you're collecting it from the customer. eBay is holding onto it for you and they'll deduct that tax back and pay it to the local government. Now if you're using other channels like for example Shopify then you can calculate the sales tax on checkout but it really depends on what audience you are targeting. For example, if you're opening a Shopify store and you're targeting a different country like for example Israel and you also live in Israel then in this case every time you sell a product and you collect sales tax on checkout you're gonna need to collect all of this sales tax and pay it to the Israeli government at the end of the month. You're going to do that with your local accountant so it'll make everything much easier but that is basically how sales tax works. Some selling channels will collect it automatically and do the hard work for you while others will require you to do it with your accountant. Then we've got the source tax. This is the third type of tax that we need to be aware of. The source tax is a tax that we are paying our suppliers when purchasing the products from them and shipping it to our end customers. So for example, I just made a sale and I'm using let's say Walmart as my supplier. Now I'm purchasing the product from Walmart and I'm shipping it to the end customer but when I'm purchasing the product from Walmart I noticed that instead of Walmart charging me $30 they actually charge me $33 with an extra $3 tax. So I'm also paying Walmart an extra tax or whatever supplier I'm using it can even be wholesale, private suppliers it really doesn't matter I'm just using them as an example but I'll notice that I'm also paying them a tax. So you need to add that tax on top of your source price and also on top of your break events to be able to calculate your profits accurately. The fourth type of tax that we need to be familiar with is customs duty tax. And this is a tax that we'll need to pay when we are importing and exporting goods in and outside of the country that we are targeting. So for example, I opened a store on Wix and I'm shipping products from United States warehouses to the UK audience which is my target audience. So when I'm exporting goods outside of the US and importing them into the UK then the UK government will expect me to pay customs duty sales tax to the delivery company in the UK. If you wanna learn about all of your UK tax obligations I'm going to leave a link right below this video to our article about drop shipping taxes in the UK. So you'll know all about your UK tax obligations when drop shipping there along with customs duty and tax. But if you're drop shipping to other countries then learn about that country's customs duties and taxes. There's usually also a minimum price for the package. If it's a cheap package you're most likely not gonna have to pay it but if it is an expensive or heavy package there's a high chance that you'll have to pay customs duty taxes and either the seller or the buyer can pay customs duty taxes as long as you add it into your business policies and let the buyers know if they are the ones or if you are the one as the seller to pay the customs duty taxes. Now of course all of the buyers would like to see that sellers are the ones who are going to pay customs duty taxes but that is up to you the seller if you wanna pass that on to the buyer or pay for it yourself and make more sales and increase customer loyalty cause no buyer wants to get surprises when the product reaches their country and then they realize that they need to pay another 10, 20, 30% customs duty it won't make them that happy when they receive their package. So that is the fourth type of sales tax that we need to be familiar with. Here in front of me you can see an example of paying a source tax when purchasing the product from your supplier. So here you can see an order review of this outdoor portable hammock and you can see that the product cost $28.31 but on top of that we have another $2.83 as VAT which is something that you also have to pay when dropshipping in the UK but this is another form of tax and as you can see it is 10% from the source price. So the total here will be $31.14. So that's an example of the source taxes that we have to pay. How much taxes do I have to pay when dropshipping? Now that you're familiar with the terms and what types of taxes you need to pay the next question usually is now let's put all of that aside how many taxes do I have to pay at the end of the day? So as I mentioned there is an income tax and this is a federal income tax. Now there are some countries that do not have to pay it I will get to it in just about a minute but you should know that the average federal income tax ranges between 10 to 37% but some countries go even farther than that like Israel for example can go up to 47 and even 50% income tax when you reach a certain limit. So to know what your income tax rates are and at what limits at what levels you'll have to pay a higher percentage seek your local accountant or check out your government's website and see what the local law is. Then you've got the sales tax which I mentioned which is a tax that you're gonna have to pay your source, your supplier when checking out with their product and shipping it to your buyers and this usually ranges between zero to 11%. Some will not charge you any tax and some can even charge you up to 11%. Then we've got the customs duty tax which I mentioned which ranges between zero to 37% on average. Now, what about tax exempt? How can I avoid paying taxes when drop shipping? Let's take that back one step. Can I even get tax exempt when drop shipping? The answer is yes, but what type of tax? You can't avoid income tax unless you live in a few specific countries which I will get to and you can't get exempt from customs duty but you can't get exempt from paying your source paying your supplier that source tax and how do you do that? Start off by reaching out to your supplier and asking them what type of documentation they need in order for you to file for tax exempt with them. They may even provide you with the needed documents. Then what you need to do is speak with your local accountant or go to your government's website and look for the place where you can get tax exempt when running your e-commerce business. For example, in the United States, it's in the multi-state tax commission who is responsible for giving you the application and evaluation for your tax exempt. Here's what their website looks like and you have a link to it once again in the blog article below this video. So that's regarding tax exempt and once you will get that approval every time you purchase from your supplier you won't have to pay them tax and that will make your business venture a much more profitable one. So I highly recommend you to check out how you can get tax exempt when purchasing products from your suppliers. And now let's talk about income tax. How can you avoid paying income tax when dropshipping or when running an e-commerce business? If you want to avoid paying income tax you can only do that in some specific countries around the world. And those countries are Alaska, Florida, Nevada, New Hampshire, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Washington and Wyoming. Now once again, this data may change from time to time and this is not professional financial advice and how to run your taxes. But these are the countries as of today that don't require paying any income tax. You can make as much money as you want from those places. For example, Elon Musk, one of the world's most richest people had to pay the biggest amount of tax last year in 2021. And so this year in 2022, he's thinking about moving the taxes and that way he can avoid paying all of that income tax and use that money to do other things in life. So if you want to get income tax exempt, this is the way to do it. Check out those countries, check out their laws and maybe even consider relocating. So that's a basic overview of what our tax obligations are as the e-commerce store owners, what type of taxes we have to pay and how we get around to paying them while also being able to avoid them. Of course, all in legal ways we are doing everything by the book. My biggest suggestion is once again to speak with a local account who can help you when you're dropshipping to your country or to any other country around the world, it'll make everything much more clear. But when you have all of this basic information, you'll have a strong base to start with. Good luck with your dropshipping businesses. Let me know in the comments below if you have any questions and I will answer them. Head over to our blog page at autodesse.com slash blog to learn about anything and everything about your next step in your e-commerce business. Join our mentorship program if you wanna have a one-on-one mentor that will help you take your dropshipping business off the ground and do not forget to subscribe to our YouTube channel to keep learning about the next step in your e-commerce business. Thank you for watching and good luck with your taxes.


Welcome back to SuperCloud 4, where we're exploring the impact of AI and GenAI specifically and the transformative impacts it can have on industries. And we're super cloud excited to have Karen Dehut here with us today, who is the CEO of Google Public Sector. Karen, welcome to the program. It's great to see you and nice to meet you. Dave, it's great to be here on SuperCloud. Thank you for having me and what a great topic to talk about. Yeah, you bet. OK, so you're one year, almost exactly one year into your role as CEO of Google Public Sector. When you think back over the past 12 months, what are the major milestones that you feel are most notable for you and your team? Well, it's been an amazing year. First of all, I've learned a lot. Had the opportunity to speak with people across the world in terms of their desire for digital transformation and certainly how Google Public Sector and our incredible products can help. They tell me three things, Dave. They tell me three things that are important to them. First of all, that legacy IT is a huge issue. They have not been able to take advantage of the transformative effects of AI because they still have legacy IT in their platforms and in their organizations. And we can talk more about that. The second thing they talk about is they really need choice. They need flexibility. They need the opportunity to really leverage best of breed technologies. And they want to do that more rapidly than they do today. And then the last thing is they can't do it alone. They know that as public sector servants, whether they're serving citizens or the mission, they know that they need to use a broad collection of ecosystem partners. And Google is certainly super proud to be a part of that ecosystem and to really bring our Google magic to the mission of government. Yeah, thanks for that. I want to actually follow up on the whole legacy IT. And my sense is part of the challenge, of course, is you've got administrations change and edicts change. Sometimes you just can't flip the switch overnight. It takes sometimes years to, first of all, you got to figure out what to do, what's the right path. By the time you do that, then you got to implement. By the time you do that, everything changes. So it's hard for a lot of the practitioners within the public sector to stay on course. Is that just my perception or is that a real problem, that kind of revolving door? And can technology help, in many ways, technology probably helps create the problem. Can it help solve the problem? I think it is, of course, a challenge when you're constantly dealing with new leaders, new executives, new priorities. But I would step back from that for a moment and look back over the past 20 or 30 years and look at how technology platforms have shifted in that timeframe. So you start from mainframe, you move from mainframe to the personal computer, the personal computer to mobile, mobile to cloud. And now the most advanced technology shift, probably in our lifetime, is the shift to AI. The challenge with the public sector has been, they have not been able to keep pace, funding pace, as well as talent pace, with all of those technological shifts. So to really leverage the power of AI and generative AI, they have to move from mobile computing, from personal computing to cloud computing. And that's where digital transformation can really be accelerated. You know, it's interesting, you're right about the funding and people think, oh, wow, the government has so much money and taxes and everything else, but the government also has a lot of obligations, entitlements and things of that nature. Now, but this is a great setup because Google's always been an AI-first company. But up until the AI heard around the world just under a year ago, the broader market didn't seem that enthused. And it's amazing how the sentiment has changed, Karen. So now everybody's paying attention. In examples, Google has really stepped it up. Duet AI brings those kind of superpowers to your workspace offerings. Vertex AI, I'm super excited about because it allows a lot of more organizations to customize LLMs with their own data and bring sort of unique value there, barred, COTI. So lots of innovation going on at Google. But my question, Karen, is how are these advanced machine intelligent tools being used to transform public sector and the experience for citizens? It'd be great if you could comment on that and maybe give some examples. Sure. First of all, thank you for providing that listing of some of the things that we've done in AI and I hasten to add to your point, Google has been an AI-first company for a very, very long time. And so many of the products you use today have AI embedded. And you're right, as we were rolling out generative AI consumer products, it really captured the imagination of the globe and people started to ask questions and wanna understand more. But the reality is we've been serving up AI in our products and to our customers for a long time now. And I'll just give you a couple of examples. During the pandemic, states turned to Google to help them be able to deliver information to citizens about the pandemic, about vaccine safety in a fast, safe, accelerated way. And they turned to a generative AI tool called Contact Center AI, which creates, enables virtual agents to address questions of citizens in a much more effective and efficient way and allows really hard complicated cases to go to a human agent. So that's just an example of where AI is already in use and being used. Another example is states have turned to us to make sense of complicated documents and data that has to be captured in documents. We have doc AI as an example that allows people to have self-input into documents and for the input on those documents to be able to be leveraged into a large dataset and for AI to be applied. So these are simple ways that people can get started today that organizations can get started today with the power of AI and generative AI. But Dave, you mentioned vertex AI, large language models, generative AI. It's a super important topic. And I think government organizations and institutions are becoming more comfortable with that. What we're proud of with regard to vertex AI is it allows you to use generative tools on your private dataset and your data is not exposed to the public. And I think that's where some of the risk and concern around AI comes into play and we've created vertex AI specifically to address that concern. And I think, you know, that brings up a point, you know, in the early days of cloud, it was a situation where you would have like for instance, financial services organizations that I've talked to said, we'll never be in the cloud. And of course, you know, then the CIA adopted the cloud and then of course, defense agencies, we're doing some things that you can't talk about and still are I'm sure with data. And so the cloud is really the place where all this innovation occurs. You're hearing some similar things now in certain industries. And I wonder if it's the case in public sector where, oh, we're concerned about things like IP leakage and maybe we shouldn't do that in the cloud. Maybe we should do it on-prem. The problem with on-prem is they don't have the tooling and the innovation. Do you think, Karen, it's going to take, it's going to be a similar path where maybe initially there's some concerns but the cloud vendors generally Google specifically, and I want to talk about security in a moment, but your community, the technology community does such a good job of making people comfortable that the cloud is a safe place to do this work. Yeah, I mean, Google is the most secure cloud and I think that's for a couple of reasons. First of all, Google, the company was born in the cloud. We were never an on-prem operation. And so when you're born in the cloud, security is foundational to everything that you do. There are no seams in the way that when you move something from on-prem into the cloud, those same seams that exist on-prem exist in the cloud. We don't have that challenge because we were born in the cloud. I think that to your specific question around how do you get people comfortable with that, you have to show it to them. You have to prove to them, how is our platform more secure than what they have today? How do we ensure security throughout the life cycle of a mission, a life cycle of an application, et cetera? So I think it starts with showing them how that security is truly differentiated from what they have today. I mean, there is a lot of Gartner data out there that talks about incidences on cloud and how Google Cloud is the most secure. But sometimes you just have to show people the way it works. We are pioneers in zero trust, zero trust architecture, zero trust security and that notion of how to embed zero trust into an organization and an agency's applications into their cloud, their cloud security. Super important and we tell that story. The last thing I would add is a year ago we acquired Mandiant. Mandiant is the leading incident response and threat intelligence organization in the world serving commercial customers across the globe to make sure that their enterprises are secure. When you pair Mandiant Threat Intel and security services with Google Cloud and put those two things together we can tell a very pervasive story and show our customers how that security is end to end in our products. And I think, thank you for that. And I think the operative word that I heard there was embed because people talk about zero trust is a wonderful frameworks, but it's hard to operationalize them. The way you operationalize them is that they are fundamentally embedded into the platform. That's how end customers with all this that we're drowning in complexity can take advantage of these new architectures. And of course our audience is insanely focused on security. Super cloud three in August was all about AI and security and the sentiment from experts at the time was that the attackers, again at that time initially had the advantage thanks to gen AI tools for instance, helping attackers fish better. That's a simple example. But since then, we were covering Black Hat. My colleagues, you mentioned Mandy and we were at that event and that happened to be the same week that I was at CrowdStrike's Falcon which ironically is where I met Kevin Mandy for the first time. And the tech industry is moving very fast to level the playing field for defenders. And despite you still see high profile hacks like Caesars and MGM they're going to continue but what are you seeing as in terms specifically of the impact of gen AI in the public sector and how it's helping the good guys? Well, let me back up and talk a little bit about security in general. I think that what we would want people to really understand is that threat only continues to get more sophisticated and more complicated in the early part of 2023. We saw 35% increase in threats and cyber attacks. So it's only getting more pervasive. You mentioned Kevin who we are super happy to have as a part of Google Public Sector's board. He is on my board helping to advise us on exactly these matters that we're talking about today. We also talk a lot with Kevin about our proven zero trust architectures. And I think the reason I wanna start here is because this is where gen AI can really benefit from these proven architectures. Zero trust implies and ensures that you have only the individual with the right identity accessing the right machine authorizing the right code. I mean, when you think about that that is security baked in. And so when you start to think about how can generative AI really help in this case? Generative AI can really help you understand who your users are, what their identities are, what their accesses should be. You can apply generative AI to help you understand that and it can accelerate the implementation of zero trust and zero trust architectures. The thing I hear most commonly from customers around zero trust is it's really hard to implement and implement well. That is a true statement, but you can use generative AI tools to help accelerate that implementation and accelerate the knowledge of your organization and your users. So it's like trust but verify on the flip it. It's don't trust until you verify and that's really kind of what's here. And your point about the challenges of implementing again, I go back to embedding, if companies like Google can make this just part of the architecture then it becomes much simpler. It's there, it's fundamental. Let's talk a little bit more about Google and what it brings to the public sector. We know Google, it's got great tech. We talked about that. It emphasizes the value of its collaboration tools. When you go to things like Google Next as part of the Google Cloud, you've got the requisite compute and storage capabilities that any public cloud or hyperscale provider should have. But what's the unique value that Google delivers to the public sector? Clearly it's data platform. We talk a lot on theCUBE about BigQuery and we've talked about AI at the center. That's very impressive. But I'd love to hear your thoughts on this. Yeah, it's a great opportunity for me to talk about what we're doing specifically for our customers. So I thank you for that. Let me start out by saying that I think we have taken a very different approach to cloud for the public sector. What you see across the public sector are that most agencies are running less reliable, less feature rich, fortress versions of commercial cloud. And what we looked at and said, that doesn't really make sense. It doesn't scale and it doesn't scale economically. So we have taken a very different approach and said we are going to a credit for public sector organizations. Our commercial cloud. And we are upending this traditional incumbent way of thinking about cloud and saying you can access the full compute power of Google commercial cloud through our IL-5 implementation and accreditation of commercial cloud. So that's one thing that's super important. Of course, we already talked about the foundational concepts of zero trust and zero trust architectures. That's an area where we are fundamentally different and alone at the top of the stack when it comes to security and security features. I did also wanna talk about this idea of choice and offering choice to public sector customers. What they have resoundingly said is they need choice. Having a single cloud provider is just another version of vendor lock-in and they do not want that. And so what we have offered is a very robust and significant multi-cloud strategy where we have built Anthos, which is the world's first open cloud management platform which allows organizations to leverage all clouds and provides a management layer in a multi-cloud hybrid environment so that they can leverage the power of multiple clouds for whatever workloads they want. That eliminates vendor lock-in. It ensures open, as you know, Google is open by default, but ensures open because all clouds need to be able to work together. Software vendors need to be able to work across all cloud platforms. And so we believe that Anthos, along with our multi-cloud strategy is super differentiating. And of course the last area is where Google defaults to open. We have open architectures. We have open source software. I think we believe it greatly benefits the world because it encourages smart creatives to build, to build for the world and to build in a way that everybody can leverage the power of their software and their platforms. Cameron, I'm glad you brought up multi-cloud because it's a super cloud and of course the genesis of that was cross-cloud complexity. And so I'm interested, and by the way, I've talked to many customers that it's so complex, I just go monocloud and that's like, okay, but A, then you can't take advantage of best of breed. B, somebody else in your organization is doing some other cloud, I promise you. So this is a reality. And I think generally customers know that and admit that. So I'm curious how AI fits here. Does it, does it, because let's assume for a second you've got better AI than anybody. So a customer will say, I'm going to go to Google for my AI. Does it further, well, I guess it increases choice. That's goodness. Does it further the complexity or does it actually help solve multi-cloud complexity? Well, I mean, look, I think any enterprise, any agency is suffering from legacy IT and technical debt that they are trying to figure out how to address. We believe that cloud and multi-cloud allows them to move to these monolithic, vertically integrated operations or systems to a horizontal view of their data and their data enterprise. And so you don't need to rip and replace all of that legacy IT. You just need to make the data available in the cloud so that you can leverage AI and leverage multi-cloud, if you will. The reason I start there is because many organizations have started by saying, we're going to take this vertical monolith and we're going to put it in the cloud. So that's one instance of a cloud. And then another part of the organization takes another vertical monolith and they put it in a different instance of the cloud. So yes, it gets complicated, but once you have the data and the data enterprise in the cloud, you can really leverage AI tools to work across that horizontal. You can use the multi-cloud Anthos platform that I mentioned in order to understand how workloads are being used across those clouds and leveraging that insight to provide executive dashboards, et cetera. So of course it's complicated. Of course it requires great technical expertise, but more importantly, I believe it requires executive leaders to understand that in order to move from this environment of legacy IT and technical debt, the only way to move forward is by leveraging cloud and leveraging cloud and its capacities around their data enterprise and their AI and it's going to provide great benefit to them as an organization. I will close by making an observation and maybe you could comment. I would say in my years of working in technology markets, you know, there's no silver bullet. You've got to do the work and a new wave like AI, like you mentioned, some of the previous waves, gives executives an opportunity to really assess their portfolio of applications. And it starts with the value. Where is my organization getting value? And there's a lot of ways to understand that, but one is usage and how it supports the mission of the organization. And then at that point, you can really begin to figure out if you take that portfolio approach, where do I invest? Where do I stabilize? Where do I wind down or maybe manage decline? And what do I sunset? And in a tight budget environment, which is every IT organization, virtually every IT organization, that's a framework for making decisions. And then you can decide, okay, does it, should it be in the cloud? Is that where I want the innovation to go? Does it have to be on cloud? Maybe I can just over time wind it down on prem because it's not a critical area of investment. And that portfolio approach is ultimately going to give companies a framework or organizations a framework to make those types of decisions, but you got to do the work. Dave, I could not agree more. What I tell my customers is you just have to get started. I think we get into this analysis paralysis, fear of risk that we're taking on and it prevents an organization from moving forward. Pick a use case. Doesn't have to be a scary use case. Pick an area where you know that AI can be tremendously beneficial. Maybe it's a back office function, but something to get started, to show your organization that you need to move forward, that you need to leverage the power of these new emerging capabilities. And it's going to provide benefit to your organization, and to the citizenry or to the mission. And so we talk about getting started. We're super proud of the US Navy, for example, using workspace for seamless and secure connectivity and collaboration across some constituents in their environment. We're super proud of work that's being done at the Uniformed Services University Health Sciences, which is DoD's medical school where they're really using AI and clinical research. Again, these are not scary use cases. These are use cases that they just are showing. Look at the power of what this technology can do for us. And it's a starting point. Great advice value begets budget, I like to say. So thanks, Karen, for participating today in SuperCloud 4. We really appreciate your perspectives. Thank you, Dave. Thank you for having me on SuperCloud. Super appreciative of the time. Hey, you're very welcome. Thank you. All right, keep it right there for more SuperCloud 4 conversations live and on demand from theCUBE's Palo Alto Studios.


New Messaging Features in Moodle 3.7 In Moodle 3.7, teachers may be allowed to delete messages in group conversations, conversations may be muted, there's a new group digest email, a link to the full messaging page and a personal space to make private notes. Users may also be allowed to view trusted content. On our Moodle 3.7 site, the teacher is accessing the messaging drawer and because he has the capability, Moodle, site, delete any message, he's now able to delete unwanted messages in a conversation. There's now a mute, unmute option in group and private conversations and if a conversation is muted, email notifications won't be received. For conversations in an unmuted group, a new digest email will be sent when there are new messages. A link, see all at the bottom, allows you to navigate to the full messaging page where there is an improved two column layout and in the starred messaging section there is a new personal messaging space for to-do lists, draft messages or reminders. And finally, users with the Moodle site trust content capability will be able to include HTML messages with iFrames which will be visible to everyone if trusted content is enabled. To summarise, new features in messaging include muting, personal messaging space, a group digest email, two column layout and options to delete messages and view trusted content.