Hi everybody. Good morning. Welcome to our session. My name is Marie Norden and I am Fedora's Community Action and Impact Coordinator. I will let my co-hosts introduce themselves. Hi everyone, I am Mariana and I am a Fedora contributor since 2016. Hey all, I'm Shumanthro. I work for the Fedora TV team. I have been in Fedora around 2016. March, so to speak, has been a long, long journey for me. Since everyone is sharing, I started in 2013 at Fedora. So, we are here today to talk about Fedora's community outreach revamp. And I am going to start out today with a little bit of history. How did we get here? And yeah, basically that. So, the Ambassador Program for Fedora is a long-running program. It's been around for over 15 years and it's enjoyed a lot of success in its time. I would say over the years, it came up against some struggles, just changes in structure in who is participating in people's lives. And beyond that, I think we can say maybe the Ambassador team grew, but it wasn't sustainable. So, so, you know, it's kind of like a problem as I came into this position. People were feeling a little bit disjointed from the program. Like they weren't sure what to do. We had a couple changes in how the finance was structured. So, things were just a bit confusing, right? So, when I came in, I actually had a chance to connect with some team members in my team at Red Hat, Open Source Program Office. We kind of looked at the Ambassador Program as a case study for how to implement change. So, from that, I was inspired to write up a proposal to change it. Beyond that, we had other teams involved, right? We had the Joint State, which kind of came out of maybe the... How do I say this? It came out of the unproductivity of ambassadors. So, we had that doing really well. We also had ComOps, which existed before the Joint Team, before I came on even. So, and before Mindchair. So, we have all these different teams. Who's doing what? And in different ways, different parts of these teams have been kind of left behind. So, when I wrote the proposal, I included everything in there so that we could really figure out what the outreach teams were doing. So, after I did the proposal, put it to the Mindchair team committee and it got approved after we completed some community feedback. We put that right back in there. And we got started to work. And the first thing we did was get co-leads, which are Mariana and Simondro. And I cannot say enough about how much work that they've put in to this. I'm going to let them talk about that work. But that's how we got here. So, with that, I'm going to hand it over to Mariana. Thanks, Marie. So, I joined the revamp in July 2020 from the Mindchair ticket, where Marie has initially posted the idea for the revamp. And once we agreed on the co-leads of this, which were going to be Simondro myself and have Marie as a supportive member, we started planning ahead on what our next steps are going to be. So, we initially created a trailer board for documentation and started putting action items there. And we created timelines for our action items and how these are going to be implemented in the future. And we also have a public hack and de-file where we keep notes on our weekly meetings so the three of us meet every Tuesday. Once we were done with our internal planning, we started announcing the revamp to the community. And we had two kick-off meetings with community members. And we also participated on a council video meeting. And if I'm not mistaken, this one is on YouTube. You can check that. Later, we had also an MIA meeting and asked me anything meeting where we answered to frequently asked questions about the revamp, some of them from the community and some of them we came up with them because we thought there are interesting information for the community to know about the revamp. Our very first action item that we took was actually the ambassador's cleanup. This whole effort was to make sure that we have active ambassadors. So we looked back and checked who have been inactive for the past six months. So starting from November, this was something that we worked on November and going back six months, we identified who has not been active through their FAS account. We identified those ambassadors, we reached out to them and those who didn't respond back, we moved them to the emeritus group. Later, the next action item we worked on was the community outreach survey. This was one of the most interesting thing that we have done so far, in my opinion, because the results that we got back from the community, from this survey, was some of the results I didn't expect them to see. So on this survey, we asked ambassadors and contributors in general, not necessarily people who are officially ambassadors, of how they contribute, how they participate in the community, how they organize, how they do outreach in their local communities and what they wanted to change in the future, what were their proposals. And the most interesting result of all is that we found out that people have been organizing events without actually letting the rest of the Fedora community know. So they were now asking for help from the Mindshare teams, which means that we have a lot of Fedora activity out there and we didn't know about it. Which is a very interesting result and we're working with this piece of information from now on. The latest update we have from the event is that starting from two weeks ago, we're now an objective. This was not on our initial plans, but came up due to the discussions we had with the council and with the wider Fedora community in the past months. And now we are an approved Fedora objective for the next months. And we will be joining council meetings. So Sumantra and I are now members of the council since Marie was already there and expect updates on the revamp on the upcoming council meetings. So this is pretty much what we have been worked on so far. And I would like to have Sumantra explain what the outcome is going to be in the upcoming months. Okay, thank you, Mariana and Marie for kind of briefing up the stuff. I'm Sumantra, I joined with Mariana when Marie advised us to form this small team to revamp. So one of the core things we wanted to understand that Marie mentioned was to make this program more sustainable. The only biggest factor that we could do was to take this program and make it like a reference model for any other ambassador program to grow. So we took inspiration from other open source ambassador models. And what we did, we started our journey to make sure that this becomes a smart, modern and more approachable ambassador program, like open ambassador program. One of the ways that we figured out we could do that was to make sure that the documentation is really, really clear. So one thing that came out of the survey was to make sure that the introduction process or the joining process, so-called, we call it the onboarding process in Fedora, to be as clear as possible and as low barrier as possible for anybody to enter. That's how we started creating something called role handbooks. And these role handbooks are gonna be our documentation for reference models for any of outreach teams. Some of them are mentioned by Marie in this, in the first part of the talk, which was the joint SIG, the com ops, the advocates and the ambassadors. So all of these would have specific role handbooks of how you would join these teams and how they are gonna function. We are looking forward to right now having, you know, we heard a lot about how non coders or a lot of documentation folks or translation folks would like to join Fedora project. We have a new thing coming up called Fedora Zine that is gonna focus on making sure that the non contributors get a chance and our awareness to make sure that they contribute to the project. That's one thing we have kept in mind from the surveys. Another very important thing that we have done after looking at the way that we want to sustain with the long-term strategy is we want to make sure that there is an identity that goes with every single outreach team. So they can work not as a single unit but harmoniously together. And that's how we are trying to build or translate more of these role handbooks and all the documentation into as many languages as possible. And what that would do is to make sure that all of these teams can work together across the globe like a single unit. And that's the goal. As a long-term strategy, we see a lot of improvement in terms of involvement. Some of these improvements of how we want to involve more people, how we want to take this forward are shared in our every month blog post as we go on. So there's a community blog where we are posting regular updates about this revamp. And if you're interested, go figure out the updates and let us know if we can take your inputs and make this better. So every month we are probably or rather few months back we rolled out a survey. We're gonna have surveys every six months and one year and two years. So that's gonna be a part of our long-term strategy to make sure that the involvement keeps going on and the awareness is maintained throughout the program. So that's the sum up of all the how we want to present the outreach program for the new generation. So let's go for the questions. I was just about to hop in and give you your five-minute warning, but this is great. I do not see any questions that have been asked in the session yet. So I'll throw you a couple. So when are you hoping to sort of have this completed? So we're looking at a 12 to 18 month timeline from the time it was an objective. So I guess middle of 2022. I mean, there is a lot of work and it is the three of us. We hope to get a whole team going of temporary task force, but the reality of pandemic life is it hasn't been that easy. So the approach that we have found that works is to approach individuals. We know they're interested in XYZ kind of work. So we've managed to involve people from all the different teams in it and we have some support, but it is just us kind of powering through a lot of stuff. So it's gonna take some time, but I think we're looking at 12 to 18 months from now. Okay, so I know there are some people who are new to this whole concept. 42% of people said they hadn't heard of the revamp before this talk. So are there things that people who would like to contribute can do to jump in and help now or is it still sort of wait until more things are in place before they can contribute? So yeah, you can totally jump in. The best way to do that is to jump in the MindShare channel and IRC and kind of just say, hey, I'm interested in working on the revamp and tell us a little bit about what you wanna work on. I wanna work on documentation. I would like to work on graphics. I'm great at organizing. So really if you come to us and have some time, we're absolutely ready to incorporate you into the mix. There is also a telegram chat, we're chat for the TTF. We call this a TTF, a temporary task force. A great example, I can share the telegram link in a second. A great example where we had more people joining us is when we analyzed the survey results. We had very valuable feedback from community members that had experience and that had worked in the past with surveys. So yeah, I will share the telegram chat for anyone who wants to join. Having the horse, that was great. Thank you for that. Are there any other questions from the audience? Can I ask the audience a question? Like, what kind of thing are you here today? I didn't wanna make a whole poll question because there's so many different options, but are you like a professional? Do you do community outreach in your organization? You know, if you feel like sharing in the chat, I'm just kinda curious like who's here today and I guess that's it really, but I would love to provide any more information. Technical writer. Cool. Yeah, the Joint Stick is a totally, it's an amazing place to start with Fedora. I can just talk a little bit about that since we have some more time. Joint Stick, they kind of help you learn about the community, the basics, and how it kind of works. Gives you a little bit of a taste for the culture and they get you hooked up with the teams that you might be involved with working with Rell Eng, Engineering Manager. Awesome. Yes, it definitely is, but it's interesting because a lot of the folks that are in Joint Stick are also in Cobb Mops, have also been ambassadors. So we know that a lot of these team folks are super interested in outreach and talking the talk about Fedora. Yeah, and I will say that no matter what you're interested in, there's probably some space for it in Fedora because operating systems need so much more than code. We need documentation and design and marketing and outreach and all kinds of great stuff. So find a way to get started. Love some more project managers. There's Matthew Miller in the chat.


Hi everyone hump day. Happy Wednesday. Happy new release day. Happy hump day 2021-22 Panini mosaic road to FIFA World Cup soccer coming at you brand new release six box half case break pick your team one It's a six box break all card ship. We sold a 15 spot combo. There's the list right there big Thanks, I'll show you the list again big. Thanks everyone right here Thanks everyone Louie last Bob Mojo that 15 team combo featuring this group of teams right here took a group of teams Thanks to everyone for getting their spots straight up. I was threatening a filler But no this straight up spots one out, which I appreciate. All right half case from a fresh case There it is. I think there'll be a lot of World Cup related World Cup related soccer stuff coming out over the next couple months Only 46 days To the opening match of the World Cup ladies and gentlemen. That's it That's a it's about a month and a half or so, right? So here is a group of six right here and a group of six right over here Roll this die One two three for the left side four five six for the right side Five We're gonna do the right side here and This side will be for break two Which is in the store right now as you can see I marked those two right there And it's gonna go into if you're watching live. It's gonna go into a filler at the end of this break So if you were I if you're these right here if you're if you were eyeing a team I Would suggest just getting them now straight up so if you do another one of these Gilo, what's going on now? We did have before we get get into the World Cup We did have a lot of a Champions League action in the last in the last couple days What are some what were some Champions League results that jumped out at you ladies and gentlemen? There's a lot of matches. We're still in the group stages here. I guess Benfica and PSG With a draw today Chelsea took care of business against AC Milan Juventus one three one Man City's just cruising Real Madrid one Russia Dortmund one looks like comfortable victories For all of those folks yesterday by our Munich One comfortably that I acts Napoli game was actually kind of crazy. I was sort of keeping an eye on that but So I X opened scored in like the ninth minute and they were leading Napoli one nil all the way up to I think maybe it was just one one by the half and Then Napoli and then I accept five more goals in the second half and they lost six one. I was crazy Tottenham ended up with a nil-nil draw against Eintrecht Frankfurt Right and yesterday Inter beat Barca One nil Barca blowing it refs terrible for both teams as Diego, but yeah, Barca should have put one in the net And then my club Liverpool beating the Scottish team Rangers to nil Pretty solid game for them that kind of Liverpool's been a little inconsistent this season Hopefully that that was their sort of a get-right match before they face Arsenal this weekend, which is gonna be a tough one Former Liverpool player Luis Suarez up there and here we go. Remember all card ship Now it's worth probably looking up a lot of these these rookie cards as well nice Chris Richards for the United States Scripps, how many are in here? What are we looking for here one autograph per box on average? We're looking for silver mosaic parallels ultra rare stained glass so stained glass sounds like they're ultra rare and overdrive Inserts is what the box says Mach Tiger needs a refund didn't realize. Yeah, you're you're dealing with a Liverpool supporter The red parallels not numbered Who do you support? I think the only other soccer fan here is Nick Jaspie maybe and I think he is a He is a Chelsea supporter The entire shop is all Chivas though if you're into that I don't know what those Rookie silvers are going for but we'll we'll take care of those And we're also looking for just sold them low numbered cards as well. We'd love to see some low numbered cards Too many Erlen Holland cards There's a lot more rookie silvers than I thought Holland goes to Norway, of course and we've got a Pedri overdrive insert now they say these are ultra rare according to the box You'd see let's see how ultra rare these are but there's there's Pedri Prism overdrive You know, he's a Barcelona guy. This goes to Diego in Spain Let's go through these box. Let's just see how how how how short printed those are Why do I like Liverpool well Back way back in the early 2000s late 90s United States soccer wasn't very good. So I watched a lot of watch a lot of English soccer and Really liked the play of Michael Owen Was a who was a young young striker at the time just banging in goals and really really pacy really good player injuries kind of slowed him down over the years, you know, but Really liked his play And a little bit later on guys like Steven Gerrard. I really liked They were Liverpool players and so So, yeah, and that's why I ended up supporting that club those individual players guys like Jamie Kerrger Also part of it Fernando Torres It's a lot of players. I liked watching who were Who were on those Liverpool clubs? So that's why yeah, and I'm a big Beatles fan that that kind of worked to they're from Liverpool All right next box I'm not in the yahoo fancy Fancy what league which league the Premier League? I'm in the yahoo. I'm in a yahoo, or I'm gonna have done fancy Premier League on the EPL site for a little while But I didn't do it this year. I Don't know if they have Genesis or Nebulas like they do in the other sports. I guess we'll find out a lot of debate on What what football club the Beatles Support I think I think for the most part they were kind of like You know, they were kind of like hippie musician types artsy types So I don't think they were really into the football although McCartney says that he's He's McCartney has said that he was he went to like a a Liverpool FA Cup match way back when But I like a lot of families in Liverpool. I think I Think there's it's a big rivalry, but There's enough people that are on both sides of that rivalry a lot of Lot of people support Liverpool and then a lot of people who support Everton So there's inevitably like someone's uncle or your cousin or something like that is is is that so I think The ever the diplomat I think Paul McCartney has always said that he supports both teams nowadays I don't think Ringo really cared. I don't think Lenin really cared I think George is more into He's he's a car guy George Harrison, so I think he was more into F1. All right, some rookie parallels here You know, who knows what these what these youngsters can turn it to be the next Paul Pogba Never know all-card ship And if you get one of these rookies it might be worth, you know Kind of keeping an eye on their matches Brazil that's gonna go to Craig and just seeing if I don't know I don't know too much about Gabriel Arbosa But he can make a name for himself in the World Cup and that definitely Increases visibility secondary market value all that sort of stuff. It's pitch masters Gilo just knows the big names, but he likes the way what Cristiano Ronaldo how he carries himself There's a Jefferson Soteldo for Venezuela. That's part of the combo combo group Marquinhos silver Leonel Messi It's for Argentina. That's for a mat Again, don't know what those go for but that might be Messi's sort of last World Cup card if you kind of think about it I don't think he's gonna be playing another one right in four years. I think we've seen our autograph yet one per box It is I was like that's a gold parallel. That's got to be numbered and that is for Norway It's a nice low number two. This is gonna go to Rob and Norway That's a two out of ten and that's Alexander Sorlov Should be the auto coming up here And that's gonna be Harry Kane Nice autograph for Louie in England the three Lions It's coming home Louie, maybe It's coming home. It's coming home. It's coming footballs Home Nice Harry Kane. All right next England's one of the favorites. They they they were They were just some penalty kicks short winning the Euro, but you know, they're a little bit older and wiser now Could be a pretty strong team In the World Cup Mock tiger listening to the white album a lot recently. That's a good one. Although I wonder If they didn't make it a double album, they made it They cut some songs If that might have been although I do like the variety Nowadays, but I wonder if at the time if they cut some songs if we know it knew it like that How well it would be? I don't know. It's still good though. I'm a Beatles fan, so There I think there's a reissue of the revolver I think coming out There's like a $200 like box set or something like that that I've been mulling, but I don't know if I'm gonna get it David see a man. Have a good one Yeah, G-Lo that's that's the that's the promotion relegation system Which has been in place for for a long time long time long time We got whoo Terry Henri for the blue that goes to Adam and France An amazing player Terry Henri Some of you've remember him from his arsenal days Scorn absolute peaches. That's pretty awesome. Um Yeah, there is a Promotion relegation said mr. Fly hot. That's right Adam. Congrats. Here's one for the Netherlands That was Zinedine Zidane who had butted the Italian player it's kind of sad because he's one of the greatest midfielders of all time and For the general public that's that's all he That's all he may be known for At least for Americans, maybe But he ended up being coach manager for Real Madrid and won a bunch of trophies there. So I think He's kind of shed that That sort of last moment of his career sort of thing Yeah, G-Lo a lot of people like will learn about And here's Brian Reynolds for the United States A lot of people so we'll discover the We'll discover the Promotion relegation system and they're like, yeah, we should do the United States, but I Think the European leagues they've been doing it so long that that's just part of the system, but you know But what they don't have is like a draft system, right? So I think economically. I don't know if it would it would really work Because the lower league systems aren't structured to be to be that You know the gulf between a triple a team and the like the gulf between a triple a baseball team and a major league baseball team is far greater Than a Premier League team and the next tier down a championship level team like the top championship level team You know could could filter into that's why it kind of works But the trip our baseball system for example isn't structured for that There's no Minerly or there's no division or tier system for the NFL. So we'd have to complete create a completely new structure I don't know why that was flipped around, but we'll sleeve that anyway So I don't think we're just we're the United States just not set up for it. You'd be interesting though Brian Reynolds for the United States Darren You know, we've got a we've got a pretty nice young core coming up the ranks in the international system on the men's side So see the United States making a little noise if not this world cup then the next world cup when it's here Hey, no one got time to watch Cincinnati Reds as you look problem is where do they where are they gonna go? If they get sent down what triple a team gets called up, you know The triple a teams are all are all like in different divisions in different leagues and whatnot. So there's really no really no way to Promote a team Right. The Sioux fall canaries get promoted They'll probably get relegated almost immediately the next season and up come the Reds again, you know So we're just on a clip for it and I don't think the owners would ever go for at this point The owners would never go for it back in the early 1900s, you know when there was promotion and relegation You know, it's a little it's a little different the economics of sport was a little different But since we didn't since in like baseball didn't grow up with that system We didn't grow up with that system in the early 1900s of baseball Just doesn't work. I mean even the worst team in baseball It's still probably a billion dollar franchise, right so Imagine the financial consequences of losing TV money and all that going to the triple a Just won't just wouldn't work. How did the no drafting work? Well, those there's no There's no There's no college system there you know a lot of times Players are identified when they're like nine ten eleven years old and so I mean, I I don't know anything about Well, no, this here's Eden Hazard's brother Thorgan Hazard, right? So he probably got scattered along with his brother at like nine years old a lot of time These will get these will get these guys will get sent to Academy a youth Academy system So, you know, he's Belgium and if he got signed by my baby his hometown team Maybe had a Academy system. So he'll go through there He'll take all he has all his education there and just train in soccer. Oh, look at that a lot of one Kareem Benzema Wow Adam with Le Bleu with France and All aboard the big hit Express Whoo-whoo for who says mr. Flyer Hawk you you said you had France Adam Wallman with France You got the Thierry Henry. You got the one-of-one Kareem Benzema Pretty nice You're welcome man. Hey, hey, thanks for getting in What up Jack? Yeah, I need to catch up on some some episodes of welcome to Rexham But but yeah, the whole relegation thing for them The financial impact could be even even bigger But to go back to what Gila was asking. Yeah, the youth system is what they do the Academy system is how they develop players A lot of times they're signed really young go through an Academy system and then You know and then they work through the the under 12s level under 16 level under 19 levels There's different age groups. They'll play a lot of competition. They'll do all their tutoring and training get their education there as well courtesy of the club so they're they're built to do all that Whereas we draft and then I guess for baseball for example, we draft and you know, they develop through the The minor league system or they can go to college What do what do you need me to do mock Tiger? Should I should I take off my shirt? Do some more yelling? Run around the shop and we got you got to act like you've been there before and we have There's pow Taurus Scripps autograph for a Spaniard. That's for Diego. I might break my neck doing a backflip Mr. Flyhawk knows nothing of Karim Benzema. You just got France for Mbappe. There's Lewandowski right here for Poland Look, there's not a lot of these numbered cards, right?  Oh man. Did I not do a train whistle that I forgot to do I guess I was so excited about this product I'm all over the place Mr. Flyhawk all aboard the big-head express Short and train whistles now Gila. There's also the the transfer system You know about that They don't do trades. They do transfers So you pay the club a fee to buy a player essentially and And then and then you do they do the actual salary for a player So let's say there's a club that doesn't have a good youth Academy system, right? So then they can just look at some other teams good Academy system. They may have a surplus of talent and then you can buy the player for X amount of dollars whatever the fee is Which I guess essentially covers their education their training their development and all that sort of stuff and then some And then maybe future value right here So it would be like I Mean there are free agents But it would be like let's see Gilo is a Royals fan can't see Royals fans. So it would be like if the Dodgers said hey, we are interested in Bobby Whit Jr. And then you would then the Royals would say well Bobby Whit Jr. Is going to cost you $50 million just to the club just to just so we can trade him to you And then the Dodgers would still have to figure out a salary for Bobby Whit Jr. The personal terms Correct January is the One of the trans that's the winter transfer window Jack and then the summer transfer window So when all the leagues are done from the summer to the end of August, I think Is the other transfer window so summer only for transfer window. So when you see stories like Jack Grealish of West West of the United Aston Villa, maybe Jack Grealish Man City bought him for a hundred million pounds or something like that So that's Manchester City paying the other club a hundred million pounds Right just just to get the player then you still have to figure out what am I going to play that pair player salary wise On a year-to-year basis Or week-to-week as the case may be and we got 16 out of 49 Solomon Rondon That is for Venezuela. That's part of the combo team that'll go to Louis Yeah, there is a similar comparison Mike Tower in the baseball world for international players like That's probably the closest example that we have here in the US Would be paying the posting fee to like someone in Japan to get the rights to sign the player. That's absolutely correct Yeah, rexham actually just I think they just lost to the team. I think not County I think to the club that is just above them So there's different promotion and relegation rules for each of the the the the tiers the different divisions And I think for a lot of the For a lot of the divisions I think like the top team outside of the Premier League the top flight The top team usually advances directly to the next tier and then the next four four to six teams Will be involved in some sort of playoff so rexham's goal is to avoid the You know the variants that could happen in a in a playoff and just win the league outright and then go to the next level And that could yield I could get the here's that one for Belgium rookie silver for Brandon. I could get them They can maybe double triple the value of their club just right just by being promoted and we got America ported for Spain Another one for Diego Not not very far Mike Tower show some respect to not County That club's probably been around Decades longer than not very far Here's your feel it's her Portugal 1999 Prince Al with Portugal one of the one of the young stars for that Portuguese team along with Diego Jota and others Playing alongside Christian Renault. They got a good blend of old Old Christian Renault is old a veteran talent and young talent. There's Diego Jota Grading a one-of-one That's that's a debate. Some people say some people like to say why grade a one-of-one There's really nothing else that needs that to compare it to which is why you would grade it Some people just like to grade it just to protect the card itself But I don't know ultimately I feel like it's kind of personal preference Nice Ricardo peppy red That's one of the and this is his rookie card too. This is one of his This youngster is one of the star players Americans coming up It'd be funny if England had a rule or if a team got caught doing something illegal and they could re-regulate relegated depending on severity That can't happen Brandon if they go into if a club goes into administration Which is the fancy way the English call bankruptcy If you go into administration I Think you can lose You can get kicked down you can lose a ton of points and kick down a couple levels Like that's happened to like Leeds United Something like that. It's a it's a serious financial impact Penalty and loss of divisions as well So financial solvency Is Important in football soccer. I don't think so I don't think they got relegated you've been in the top flight in Syria for Decades alright final box ladies and gentlemen Pick your team to in the store right now to ask these case breaks calm We'll go into a filler shortly after this So if you want to get your team straight up now is the time to ask these case breaks calm if you're watching live a lot of great Stuff great first half so far could be this guy's last World Cup to Remember all car chip and we also have a a random team version of this as well 29 out of 99 Guillermo Maripan For Chile and that will be for the combo team Louis with Chile So you're saying don't buy a bunch of sports car try to run a soccer team one at once Well, I mean that's that's what that's what Rob Macklehony of it's always sunny and Ryan Ryan Reynolds are trying to do that Wrexham Club that I think is maybe division If you go by numbers Maybe division five or something like that. Yeah, so there's different ways to play it sometimes a the division two team That goes that goes to division one They usually generally speaking they don't last too long They may be last a season or two but the money that they make in the Premier League even though they get kicked down the money they make in the Premier League is enough to Just change the entire team. They can afford to renovate stadiums get more people through the gates You know try to pay more players pay better players to try to get back into the Premier League So for teams aren't financially equipped to stay in the Premier League This is for Australia's for Louie If they're in the if they're in the second division and they go up to the first division for a season or two and they Kicked back down they can use the savings there the money there to to to improve the team try to get back into Try to get back into the first division and try to stay there a little bit longer and then from there You ultimately try to become a mid-table team Consistently and they try to get into European action with the Europa League and then there's like another there's a third European League Right, there's Champions League Europa League and one more Try to get there that gets you more money They try to get into the Champions League that gets you more money Try to win the league So the beauty of it and there's Donnie van de Beek For the Netherlands That's for Eric Jennings So the beauty of it Theoretically you could be at the very bottom level of the English football pyramid or the European football pyramid in their particular countries and you can Work your way up to the top theoretically 125 Jordan Lotomba for Switzerland That's part of the combo group Louie with the combo group got a couple rookies here. We got Yosco Vardial for Croatia. That's part of the combo And then we've got a presnel Kipembe for France for Adam. Let's see what we got to finish off the first half of this case There's Yako motor for Poland. It's a nice clean-looking set here ladies and gentlemen So get into it on jaspeys case breaks calm. There you go gang I'm Joe for jaspeys case breaks calm really enjoy the soccer talk and a new release always gives us a nice excuse to talk the footy Thanks for watching everybody I'm Joe for jaspeys case breaks calm and I'll see you next time for the next footy break. Bye. Bye


This is stock number 9J341A. We are here at Summit Automotive in Vandalac, Wisconsin. You're new and used Jeep and Jeep Cherokee headquarters. Today we are checking out this extremely clean 2019 Jeep Cherokee Latitude Plus. This vehicle has a 2.0 liter turbocharged four cylinder motor which pumps out 270 horsepower. This Jeep has been fully safe and inspected by our service shop has a fresh oil and filter change. All the fluids have been checked and topped off per the state of Wisconsin inspection process and this one is 100% ready to go. Pearl white is the color we shoot all of our videos in 1080p 60 frames per second so if you have HD capabilities on your computer tablet or smartphone device turn them on right now because it is definitely your best way to check out the quality and condition of the vehicle before seeing it in person. If you want to check out all the photos on this Jeep in the upper right hand part of your screen is a link right to our website click that and check us out there comes with the factory 18 inch painted alloy rims continental pro contact tires 225 60 r 18s and they have just about all the tread left I'd say 90 percent the tread left on those tires front fender is an excellent condition I didn't see any dents or dings on there now this one's going to come with the led headlamps the led running lights and the led fog lamps front bumper is in excellent condition as well and because this is an altitude package on top of the latitude plus it has the gloss black Jeep lettering the gloss black grille inserts as well as the gloss black lower bumper valance and fog light bezels no dense dings or scuffs on that front bumper the hood is an excellent condition as well and the passenger side front fender is in excellent shape too passenger side rim no scuffs or scrapes on there and as you go down this side of the Jeep take note of how clean the body is how reflective and mirror like that paint is we take these hd videos so if you are far away or even if you're close by and just cannot make the trip down you can still see the Jeep hear the Jeep and have confidence in the vehicle that you're looking at before you even get here so when you do get here there's absolutely no surprises does also come with the gloss black roof rack rails and that's why we offer the summit auto fast pass option in the upper right hand part of your screen a link right to our website where you can apply for financing get pre-approved see payment quote even appraise the trade all from the comfort of your own home so when you get here all you got to do is drive the vehicle love it you'll be all set to go back rim is in great shape and the back tires have just as much tried as the front tires new body style comes with the capitalist fuel fill really like that and as you come around to the back and see it does have the backup parking sensors the dual chrome tipped rear exhaust led tail lamps and the tailgate is a nice shape no denser dings in there gloss black Jeep and four by four lettering as well it does have the manual raised gate back storage area is very nice and clean those seats do fold on for extra storage and you do get a spare tire with jack tools back here because it is a full-wheel drive and see the shocks are doing a nice job holding that gate up and it closes nice and easily as you go down the driver's side just as clean as that passenger side no denser dings on the rear quarter and for full disclosure this back rim no scuffs or scrapes on there down the rest of side all the doors look really good no dense no dings very very nice do you get the enter and go system you just have to put your hand there a little automatically unlock blind spot monitoring heated mirrors and directional signals in those mirrors inside the latitude plus package gives you the black vinyl and cloth interior no rips or tears on those seats both of these seats are heated power driver seat lumbar factory all-weather formats because it has the cold weather group auto headlamps tilt and telescopic steering wheel power windows power locks power mirrors and you do get the gloss black trim on the dash and doors because it is an altitude package and you can see that this vehicle only has 3188 miles you get the digital speedometer outside temp and compass display get the heated leather wrap steering wheel cruise controls on the right bluetooth and information center controls on the left audio controls on the black and notice the gloss black around the steering wheel as well comes with the uconnect 7 inch 4c radio am f m and serious xm radio capabilities you also have your heated seats and heated steering wheel buttons there's that serious xm this is also where your backup camera is going to show up those grid lines are dynamic meaning that they're going to turn as you turn that steering wheel and that center grid line would line right up with a hitch if you had one on here you can do your climate controls here you can also do your heated seats and steering wheel and then you have your uconnect apps this one has android auto and apple carplay capabilities so if you wanted to project your cell phone to the screen say you have ways or google maps on your cell phone you can project this to the screen and then it's like you have navigation on the screen there so pretty cool stuff we actually did a demo in the right hand part of the screen if you want to check that out we did the demo on an 8.4 but it's pretty much the same thing as this radio down here you have your backup parking sensors start stop capabilities stability control your climate controls are all right there here's your active drive one with auto snow sports sand and mud terrain settings nine-speed automatic transmission then you do get an augs and a usb jack right there also the electronic parking brake keyless entry with the remote start and that entry and go system passenger side format and seat are in excellent condition as well this jeep has never been smoked in smells very clean inside the headliner is absolutely perfect and you do get map lights up there we'll take a quick look at the back seats and then we'll check out under the hood back seats are just as clean as the front seats no rips no tears back here it does have the latch child safety system for any child car seat needs you may have and you do get those all other floor mats back here you also get two usb's two usb c's i know they're kind of hard to see but they are there um jack's back here and then these seats do fold down for extra storage they go down pretty nice and flat which is nice if you have to haul a bunch of extra stuff you get that gloss black trim on the door back here and child safety locks on the doors back doors as well four-wheel disc brakes and we'll take a quick look under the hood i would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today and hopefully from this hd video you will have been able to tell just how clean this jeep is all the way around inside now under the hood we have the two-liter turbocharged four-cylinder motor 270 horsepower engine bay is very clean as you'd expect with only 3,800 miles on it and this jeep has been fully safety and inspected by our service shop has a fresh oil and filter change all the fluids have been checked and topped off and this jeep is 100 ready to go i would highly recommend it from a quality and conditioned standpoint with only 3,800 miles they don't get much cleaner than this and to see more pictures of this jeep or one of our other 450 new and used cars trucks SUVs minivans wranglers you name it we got to go to our website www.summitauto.com full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle from two locations all at summitauto.com and if you'd like to check out more hd videos you can go to youtube.com slash summit auto remember to like subscribe and share on this video and all the videos that you see there in fact in a second you'll see a link to subscribe to our youtube channel and your lefty links more jeep Cherokee videos like this one on your right and if you have not been to our website on the bottom link to this vehicle on our website click those check us out and we really look forward to helping with this like new 2019 jeep Cherokee latitude plus altitude edition thanks again


Hi, my name is Tracy Takahama-Spinoza and this is a video on how to formulate a great research question. So to do this we're going to take three different steps. First we're going to define our terms, right? What do we mean by a great research question? So what are characteristics of a great research question? Then I want to give you a handful of examples and then we're going to look at framing structure. How can you design or create or format phrasing of a very strong research question? So step number one in developing a great research question is first ask yourself, you know, what do I want to know? What is it that I really want to know? And this does not mean stating the topic. Do you want to know how the brain learns to read or do you want to know why some kids are more motivated than others for different topics? Or do you want to know the chemical processes of motivation in the brain or the neural networks that are associated with it? I mean, what is it that you really want to know? And that's a harder question than it sounds. So just take a second right now and think about a specific topic between math or language, or is it about motivation, or is it about memory skills, or or attention spans, or executive functions, or social-emotional learning. Think of those broader topics, but then just ask yourself this simple question. Within that topic, what do you want to know? And once you know what you want to know, let's think about some of the characteristics of great research questions. There's a bunch of them here. We're going to look at them one by one pretty quickly. All of these are important characteristics of great research questions. And there is no great research question that doesn't have multiple characteristics included in them, but some of them might be more important to you than others. So try to prioritize that as we go through this list. Basically, we know that great research questions are precise. They do not leave you hanging. We have to use wording and a clear unit of analysis to be able to do that. For example, I want to know the influence of poverty on intelligence as measured by standardized tests or something like that, right? Become more precise in the wording. We also know the great research questions are innovative. They don't rehash the same thing over and over and over again, asking something like, I want to know the effects of technology on education. Number one, way too broad. Number two, it's been asked a million times. If you make that question maybe a little more precise, you could in turn come up with something more innovative. Look for something that's a new idea. Don't keep rehashing the same, same old ideas. We also know the great research questions are specific. They do not make the reader guess about what the angle is or what it is that you are trying to get at. And this is often done by identifying a who or a what or a when or a where or a how or a why, right? So specific in the sense of understanding the role of educational apps in foreign language acquisition in Kyoto for third graders or something like that. That really helps us narrow in on a clear and specific focus. Great research questions are also measurable. They can be tested. We can have data and see whether or not something has changed based on an intervention, an experiment or a view of the data. And this includes qualitative questions as well. If you already established that there's more reports of bullying, for example, in your school, you might want to understand why bullying has increased in your school. And this can be measured in total number of incidents reported or can be measured by general entries of students. So even qualitative indicators are measurable and we do have to be able to measure that to show change during our research process. Great research questions are also attainable. It's like something you're actually able to do. And this has multiple levels. One could be you'd like to know how having an additional, you know, 5000 English teachers in the early years might change the learning outcomes of a country in terms of executive functions. Okay, all that sounds super cool. Probably a really great idea. But is it attainable? I mean, do I have the time? Do I have the resources to be able to do this? So asking a question that is manageable means that it's attainable. It is something that you, you individually, personally can do. It's not just a great idea somebody or some government should do, but it's something that you actually can manage. And this is very much attached to this idea that it's realistic. Sometimes you might take on something so huge that it's not manageable within the timeframe that you have. And this gives birth to the saying, you know, it's never done, it's just do. So sometimes you have to curb, you know, your enthusiasm down to a very specific question that you think, that's just a simple thing. The truth of the matter is even the smallest questions really involve a whole lot of deep learning and thinking. One way to help you with that is that if you have any kind of a research question that uses the word and be very careful because you're probably asking two different research questions. So be very careful on that count. The realistic also means in terms of scope. So if you're saying, if you want to do an international comparative study, okay, that's really cool. But do you have the means to do that? Do you have the time to be able to gather all that data and compare all that information? So make sure it's a manageable question in terms of being realistic as well in terms of the goals. And this leads to a different kind of a characteristic. In this characteristic, we mean timely in the sense that it is an appropriate question for the times, for what's going on right now. For example, there's a boom in research on fake news at this moment, because right now this is a big issue. So timeliness has a lot to do with engaging a general population interest in a particular topic. So this also means you might have a great question, but maybe it was probably more appropriate 20 years ago or something like that, right? So try to make sure that it's up to date in terms of relevance to your readers. Great research questions are also important. They're not just asking those simple questions. They're questions that when answered have the potential of changing or improving something. So if we were to have an answer to this particular question, it could really change a whole lot. So big questions, important questions, you know, how and to what extent could a training course mitigate the innate bias somebody has against different races or against genders or against people of different ages? Can you be trained to reduce an innate bias? Well, that's a huge and important question. It does have a broader impact beyond even just your particular action research that you might be doing in your classroom. So do try to get your head into this idea of the important questions, not just the immediate questions, but maybe the important things as well. Another guide is to think of great research questions are meaningful, whether or not the answer is yes or no. And that's really a hard thing for a lot of researchers to get their head around. When you answer a research question, you're not out to prove anything. Research, good educational research answers the question, independent of what you find. And that's got to be important in and of itself, right? So you're not out to prove a point. That is definitely not research that just shows you're that you're biased for finding a certain answer. So that's not a good thing, right? So you need to pose questions, great questions that independent of their answer, even if we don't find what we were expecting, it's an important answer. Say if we ask the question, would girls performance in science classes improve if they were only paired with girls or if they were paired with boys? Does it make a difference? And you have a hypothesis in your head, you're thinking, Oh, yeah, absolutely. Girls work with girls are going to get better grades. Guess what? It's not true. But it's an important answer to find out that it's not true, isn't it? Right? So it doesn't matter how you answered the question, the implications of what you found go beyond just the yes or no answer. Another very, very important element of a great research question is that it does not reinvent the wheel. The idea of a great research question is that it's based on the work of others. Isaac Newton once said, If I've seen further than others, it is by standing upon the shoulder of giants. What does that mean? It means that to advance our own thinking, we really have to scaffold our own learning based on what is already known. That's what happens in the literature view, right? We know what already has been said so that we can now see something different. We can now go beyond that we're actually building off of what other people have researched before us in order to do something even greater. Also very important within research and with academia is that your questions have to be formulated in such a way and describe the methodology has to be so clear that they can be replicated. That means somebody else can follow those same instructions and they will likely come up with pretty much the same results of what you found. So the idea is that your question is formulated so precise and the methodology that follows is so loyal to that question that your work can indeed be replicated. And this is in fact the downfall of a ton of amazing findings. For example, the Mohs Artifact, it could not be replicated and that is basically the downfall of a finding is if it can't be replicated then it's totally discredited. So be very careful with that one. And this means to a certain extent and not always but to a great extent that the great research questions are generalizable to other settings. So that means if I ask it in one setting for example in one country if I ask the same thing in another country I'm going to find pretty much the same thing. So if I were to ask something like you know how and to what extent does bilingualism improve executive functions what I find in my setting should then be applicable in other settings which then makes the findings even more important beyond just what you find in your classroom it's something that we can share and say is applicable in other classrooms as well. This also means that research questions are very much based on a kind of a logical rationale where you're looking at strands of evidence from the past from other literature from other theories from multiple ways of viewing your topic. And once all brought together that actually produces something very different a unique strand of rope. So taking into account that what we know from other theories may then be woven into something that points to a new direction for future research. Another kind of metaphorical understanding of this would be to think of a quilt. You have all these individual patches that once brought together may point to a whole new type or direction or design for research in the future. Great research questions are also very cyclical in nature. The answer to a great research question will naturally lead to new questions. So what you're hoping is that whatever it is that you're able to answer will then naturally spin off into a whole series of new questions. And this is what you do in your conclusions and discussion is to point out well now that I know this and now that I know the answer to this question what does this now lead to? Where does this now point to? Great research questions also normally directly or indirectly relate to some real world problem. And this is absolutely clear within classroom context because if we're looking at learning needs or learning challenges within a classroom those are definitely real world problems. Related to this very first point of precision is this point that great research questions clearly state the variables or constructs to be examined. So within the research question itself it might be you know how and to what extent does the amount of time given to answer a research question improve the quality of the answer in teachers at the primary school level or something like that right? So the what is being able to answer questions the who is are the teachers here at the primary school level what we're really examining or these variables here is how much does the amount of time that people have to answer questions influence their ability to have a deeper response. So we lay out within the single question the multiple variables that will be measured. We also know the great research questions are valid and verifiable such that whatever you conclude on the basis of your findings is correct and can be verified by others. Like did you actually interpret the data correctly? Sometimes this has to do with verifying or validating the ways that you went about analyzing the data that you gathered. Finally one of the things that's most interesting and drives a whole lot of research but doesn't get a lot of airtime is understanding that the researcher somebody who's excited about what they do and what they're interested in and invested in this process will actually go through the process more successfully faster more efficiently than somebody who is dragged into a topic which means it's really key that we begin with that first question about what do you want to know and if you begin from your own personal interest it will drive the process naturally and will be able to maintain that high level of energy motivation time devoted to tasks when we're invested in the answer. So all of these different characteristics of great research questions exist here this could be a kind of a self-assessment a rubric when you come up with your research questions you know ask yourself is this really precise is this a timely question is it really realistic is it a replicable is it verifiable ask yourself some of these questions before you begin and if that reflection you know in turn generates complications let's talk about that in class. So I'm pretty sure you guys have a clear idea of the types of questions or problems that have sparked interest in you personally and it's something you'd like to research but just some of the topics that I've heard recently that might be on your mind as well you know understanding reading processes or motivation or how writing occurs or math occurs in the brain or social emotional skills or problems with attention or the generally higher level of increased anxiety among students or why girls don't go into science fields for example or misunderstandings of Hawaiian culture or time management on the part of teachers and on students or bullying that might occur or even cyberbullying or other questions about technology use in the classroom or understanding how nutrition or sleep or exercise for example influences learning potentials or the role of parental involvement or how bilingualism might change the brain for the better there are these topics and thousands more most of them born of your own interaction with students in your own classrooms but like you just sort of land on a specific topic some area that it has that is of particular personal importance to you something that's occurring within your school or your class that you would like to do the research on and once you've thought of this topic you might consider doing a mind map and laying out you know putting the topic in the center and then thinking of all the other things that sort of work around this which is really narrow in so once you have that topic and once you have asked yourself you know what do I want to know about that topic I need you to reformulate that into a research question and we would like to motivate you to use this format where possible how and to what extent does something influence change improve modify decrease enhance any verb you like there why another variable so how does one thing influence another thing that is an elegant research question when you can isolate variables and only have one thing and its impact on another huge how and to what extent does an extra hour of sleep in the morning decrease absenteeism or improve test scores or whatever it may be just choose one thing to one thing and the reason we ask you to do this is when you have a question that says how you're basically asking for a descriptive a qualitative measure this is why you do qualitative research and when you ask a question that says to what extent so that's a quantifiable methodology approach right so if you ask a research question that has both how and to what extent you have both a quantitative and qualitative approach to your question some questions you might want to attack are just one or another just quantitative or just qualitative but for the time being try to formulate it in this way so that we can number one isolate variables and number two not close us off to being a quantitative or a qualitative study that's what we want you to do so in summary the main steps to come in with a great research question number one number one is just figure out think about all those problems that you might face in your own classroom or within your own school what are the problems that occur then identify the main topic that that is related to and once you have that topic then I want you to ask yourself well what is it you really want to know about bullying or motivation or about stem research or math in the brain or parental involvement what is it you want to know it's a harder question than it sounds all right so what do you want to know and after you've done that then try to formulate that new research question how and to what extent does something influence something or something change something else if you can do that then you've got a great research question so try all those steps on your own and when we come together I'd love to pull apart exactly any kind of roadblocks to getting this process going and to share maybe some of those great research questions you're developing right now thanks


Hi, my name is Saika Khan and I would like to introduce our paper, Eradication of Multidrug Resistance Pseudomonas Biofilm with Pulse Electric Fields. New, non-antibiotic-based interventions are needed to address biofilm infections and reduce emerging bacterial resistance to multiple drugs. Here, we propose Pulse Electric Fields as a novel, non-chemical, non-thermal tool to potentially eradicate biofilm on implanted medical devices. This approach may avoid costly treatments, such as re-operation to remove infected material. And it may also reduce subsequent morbidity, hernia recurrence, lifelong high-dose antibiotic regimens and therefore improve quality of life and reduce health care costs. I invite you to feel free to contact me with any questions or discussion points. My email is listed below. Thank you and happy reading!


So let's start. So I'm going to talk about Osmojizen tester or how are we Testing end-to-end all the Osmo Com stack or at least part of it for now Yeah, let's I need to read though. So it's fine, but then I'm on the middle, right? Okay Good so this project was started as far as I know by Nils and then it was handed over to me I'm mostly the one maintaining it now or adding new features So what's the idea behind it as I said we want to well it's a bit problematic to test all these networks, right? So we're after the conclusion also yesterday Osmo Com stack is becoming quite complex There's a lot of parts to test hardware software different setups So, yeah, I mean we are still improving. We're already improving the testing We are using to DCN3 now. We have some unit tests and yeah, that's great, but still No, not all the world is running Osmo Com yet. So we still need to interoperate with all the people So that's one of the main reasons also for using Osmojizen tester so we can interoperate with other Producers let's say or manufacturers whatever so we can use modems real modems This kind of stuff Yep, so yeah, as I said We care about interoperability here also another Good point. We want actually to have continuous integration with all these stuff it's fine testing from time to time but It's not that fine that you find there's a bug after two years of adding it So it's I think it's nice that we are also moving towards these continuous integration platform Let's say or way of working It's also fine that we can repel use these bugs So, I mean, I'm just listing the objectives we had in mind when we started this this project, let's say So we wanted yet to be able to repel use all these all these bugs because it's sometimes a bit difficult to Fix bugs when you actually see them in production already and you only have some traces But not all the information. So it's all still good to have as much information as possible That's what One of the why one of the objectives also it's to yeah store as much information as possible during the test run and be able to Yeah, find the issues As we care about interoperability, so we want to test with different hardware different software and For that reason as we have to support all different types of software or hardware We want to have test which we can reuse as much as possible without actually caring about What's underneath or less? Yeah, not as much as possible. So So I'm moving now towards a bit on the architecture or how it usually looks like when you are using osmosis and tester, so it all starts with Jenkins or some developer basically Running osmosis and tester. So running some tests So most of the work actually happens in when we call what we call the osmosis and tester main unit Which is just a machine running osmosis and tester, which by the way is written in Python and Then you need to pass some input to osmosis and tester to enable to at some point, of course Output a report which we currently report as a J unit XML Which kind of stuff Do you do you pass to osmosis and tester? So you pass a trial. What's a trial? so basically it's Set of let's say compiled programs or rootFS. So basically if we want to test I don't know Osmo VSC We have some scripts which are Jenkins jobs Which basically take Osmo VSC code and all the dependencies from Osmo VSC like lip Osmo core lip blah, blah, blah and It basically builds everything and generates a let's say. Yeah target set with or an archive with All required dependencies and binaries Required to run Osmo VSC and we do that for each Osmo com project or Yeah process we want to run in the test. So Osmo VSC Osmo theory Osmo VCU, whatever And of course we do that for different architectures because for instance If we want to test a sysmo BTS, of course, we need Osmo BTS sysmo compiled for sysmo BTS platform instead of Anx86 platform being used for the main unit So we end up having like yeah 15 Jenkins jobs building this this artifacts, let's say What more do we have so Of course when we run some tests we want to define which test do we want to run and As we said we have we're supporting different hardware, right? So like sysmo BTS Osmo BTS theories with running with I don't know It was with 200 sysmo cell 5000 whatever so we need to select which hardware do we want to run for the test because actually we want to test Same as scenarios for different tests, right? so What we pass the test with plus a scenario so it's actually two different things the test which is actually The test you want to run for instance. I want to send an SMS from one MS to the other and then We pass an s scenario which basically defines which kind or Or details which kind of hardware or resources I want to use for that. So for instance, I could say I want to run this test which sends an SMS But then I want to run it using a sysmo BTS or I want to run it using a to speak to handle for instance And of course That information is used to Handle or handle all these hardware resources which are attached to the main unit again all these Different BTS is also different modems That we have connected to this main unit by means different means like ethernet or whatever and Of course this hardware cannot be used by several tests at the same time so we have in the in osmosis and tester We have a resource pool which actually Checks that we are not reusing the same hardware for different tests in parallel or by several users at the same time So basically when you run a test and you say I want A sysmo BTS osmosis and tester will look at resources pool, which is basically A description of the hardware and Check which one is in use which is not and then it will allocate it temporarily for it and prevent others from using it So more On architecture point of view more like not in pipeline but the architecture point of view. How does it look like so? You are usually interested into Like writing a test we will see an example later on how this test looked like but I mean of course As it's in python you can imagine just a simple python script which Basically orchestrates all these all these resources As we said we are defining which kind of hardware do we want to use for this test And this is presented to the test by osmosis and tester As a set of different objects that the test can request Generic objects like a bts or a bsc or a modem and Each of these objects has like As generic as possible Interfaces or apis that can be used for instance modem As an api to register to a network That's an api to send an sms an api to call some ms An api to wait for receiving call This kind of stuff for the bts similar stuff There's a There's an api to start the bts to connect it see if it's connected or not, whatever So and of course each of these generic Apis used by tests are implemented using different Classes or implementations of this interface. So for each bts, we have a different python class actually handling this. So for instance You would have a sysmo bts class that actually what it does. I mean some of these implementations are a bit Hucky still But it would for instance connect through ssh to a sysmo bts Copy all this Trial that we were talking about. So basically all this osmo bts sysmo binary with all the libraries It would copy it through ssh to a sysmo bts that it's connected to the osmo gsm tester Main unit and it would start the sysmo bts there configure it We will see also how do we configure everything to work together later And uh, yeah, well it could it could manage it the same for the bc for the bsc We also support like a simple esme Which is written using python smpplib. So we can test for instance If we want to send a An sms from one modem to the esme If it can read it correctly or not And yeah, well as you can see basically it talks to different hardware In the case of for the modems we are so far using of ono To handle the modems Yeah, we may Later and also maybe add support for osmo.com bb or i don't know like batches welcome of course So that's how the hardware setup looked like basically, uh, it's not like the latest photo, but I had it there so Just to give you an idea on how it looked like so, uh You see the modems in there so the one without the box, let's say The main unit is the one on the on the bottom and you see how all the rf network is connected through a wiring and In at this point, there's only like 2bts that they are labeled there Just to give you more like of Real world hardware hardware perspective So, um We will go through different, uh Objects I told before I presented before and just give you some insight on how How it's everything configured, right? Um So, uh, as we said we have a set of resources And of course, we have to define them so that osmosis m tester knows, um, how to use them um This is a sample resources file. It's not the entire resources file we are using in the production setup, which again is the one I showed you here Um But it's some of the objects there. So basically we have ip addresses Uh, because we have several ip addresses set on the osmosis m tester main unit and For simplicity what we do when we run some process. We just uh, yeah, we need some ip address to bind Sockets or ports whatever to it. So, um Yeah, we need some some way to, uh, allocate these ip addresses So we don't reuse them for several tests at the same time So they don't collide All the types of objects. Well, as we said, we have bts. You can have like, yeah, you can see an example here The first is a sysmo bts. We're defining. We have a sysmo bts Uh, and we provide some information to configure it like I want to use this ip a unit id The sysmo bts is actually connected to this ip address um It's using this band or I want to use this band Uh, I want to configure it to use a direct pcu Uh, and basically I can state, uh, I state here this bts actually supports this kind of Cyphers Because then we can match. So the idea here is that actually Um, we may want to match, uh, against scenarios. So for instance, if I want to test, um If I 3 in a test, I of course need a bts Which of course, uh, supports it because otherwise it makes no sense So what I would do to test this I would create a test But then of course, I want to run this test with a scenario that explicitly say I want a bts which supports Uh, this cypher um So that's why it's there because then when it tries osmosis and tester tries to find a bts that matches the scenario It will look at this information and then it will find a match and it will take the bts to use for the test Um One more, uh, yeah ARFCNs are actually there, but they are not, uh Currently being used correctly as a resource. Um, I will talk about it later. Uh, it's one of the two things Uh, and then we have different modems. Um So you can see basically we identify the modems by, uh, uh, a path which is provided, uh, since not that long ago by your phono um We then provide the ki, uh for the sim card that is, uh, uh, yeah set up on the on the modem so we can basically and dynamically, um, register these, uh, imsies into the hlr when we do tests And again, we provide also some features that the phone supports Again, like you can see which cypher supports, um And which features because for instance if one of yeah, we had a lot of that I'm going to talk about that later too, but we found a lot of issues when using Ophono Uh with modems like different modem support some stuff, uh, or they don't support it correctly so We have to also be careful when we want to use some Ophono feature or some modem feature to actually select the good modem because If I want to test to send an sms from one modem to another But one of the modems, uh, doesn't support, uh, correctly sending an sms or receiving an sms Of course, uh, I have to select the correct modem which supports it Yeah Yeah, I'll I'll I'll I'll go I'll go for that at the end. But yeah, it's one of the conclusions. Basically we spend a lot of time, uh, yeah Trying to work around the modem issues um And uh, sometimes I have the yeah, I have the feeling they should be less smart. I think they try to be too smart and, uh Yeah Okay, so, uh, let's move on. Um Next thing, um, we support configuration templates and, uh, that's actually what we used to configure the, uh, the different, uh, processes or, um, resources that we are using so, uh As we said, we are allocating ip's, uh dynamically for instance Um, so that means that of course we have to set up all the vty configurations to match each other so they can, uh, connect each time, uh, so, um Yeah, we have, uh Templates, uh, for each of them and then we fill them up as, uh, as we see so some stuff from here Actually, like the ip a unit id if you if we go back actually you can find it there So it's already configured here. Uh, some of this this stuff is, uh, uh, dynamically, uh configured, let's say Or like can be added by the test. So for instance, if you are testing an is me, um You can add an is me on the test, uh on on the on the msc on the smsc And uh, it will it will end up there. So we can generate, uh, yeah templates on on On time, let's say, um So here's an example of a suite and uh, and a scenario Uh on the left you have the uh The suite so in here it's uh The a over a p sms suite which basically only contains so far one sms. Uh, sorry one test and the test again It's to send one sms from one modem to another modem And then we check that it was received correctly and we check that the content is fine this kind of stuff Uh, what are we defining here? So basically we are stating Look for this, uh, suite. So this set of tests, uh, I require this this set of resources, right? So I will need a five ip addresses Because I need to run as you can see an msc, a bsc, hlar, stpmjw and I want to assign an ip for each of them Uh Then, uh, I will need a bts of course, uh, because I need to connect the modem somewhere Um, and I will need two modems, of course. Um, as you can see, we are not defining bscs or mscs or whatever because so far we are uh We are I mean, we don't need to, um Lock them because they are unlimited resources in the sense that we don't need hardware for it So I mean, we don't really need to uh, we don't have a limited amount of bscs that we can run so far So we are not handling them as resources. It may change in the future Um And then, uh, on the right we can see two different scenarios as I was saying so like, uh, the first scenario It's saying look, uh, when you have when you have to handle a bts It has to be of type osmo bts sismo and the other one the scenario turex b200 it's saying basically almost the same It's saying, uh, it has to be of type osmo bts turex And I want to take the one that the label is ethos b200 and then if actually we go back Uh, to the resources definition, we will see that, uh, of course you will match those for the first, uh For the first scenario the first bts would match for the second the second would match And The the blue letters in there basically show you Um, the blue letters in there show you how How it would work when you run osmo gsm tester So basically here you you're running osmo gsm tester minus s means a suit and you can pass Several suits to it. So you can ask it to run several suits in the first case You would be saying, hey, I want to run it, uh, with the sismo scenario So that would run the a over psms with the sismo bts And then once you're finished with that then run it with the turex b200 So that's a that's a sample test. It's again, uh, we are taking the sms some, uh, test So one ms sending, uh An sms to another one Uh, we can see three major blocks. So the first block it's basically Requesting, uh, the resources or the different, uh Components that we want to use for the test So we are asking the the suit. Please provide me with an hlr. Please provide me with a bts And the suit we would have yeah has had a Allocated those from Looking at the resources and the scenarios. So it will take the the required ones Um Second block basically we start everything So in the case of the hlr, uh, the implementation would just run the osmo chelar process Uh, for most of them it's only starting a process So you can see that, uh, then we are telling the bsc to, uh, add this bts So this is how we dynamically basically create all these structures and then we generate, uh, the vty configurations from the templates we saw before and On the right side, we can see already like the test doing really something So, uh, first of all, uh, we are the test is waiting for the bsc to state that the bts is connected um Then we are adding the subscribers from the two ms From uh to the hlr Remember we had the ki on the configuration so we can do all this kind of stuff um Then we are telling the modems to connect to the msc we created or to the core network um So we will basically telling Ophono, please tell the modem to connect And um Yeah, then we Wait until the modem state that they are connected And then again, we actually wait for the meas for the msc to state that the ms are connected So basically we are cross checking here that both sides state the same like the ms says i'm connected and uh The other ones also because as we said we are having some issues with Ophono So it's also nice to sometimes see if actually it's our fault or if it's Ophono or this kind of stuff um So and then once finally we have the two ms registered to our bts plus core network um Yeah, we basically tell one ms to send uh an sms to the other one and then Uh, the test waits for the second ms the empty ms to receive the sms And actually this sms was received as you can see there's the sms that was sent was passed as a perimeter So it will basically also cross check that the sms received was the same that was sent Or it has the same content um So now we're looking at some other features that we had we have in osmosis m tester Um, so as I said, we are outputting uh j unit xml Um, so this is an example of a test failure in osmosis m tester So I don't I don't know if you can read it from there But in this case for instance, uh a test failed because um A process a process that we are uh managing like an osmo vsc for instance, uh and prematurely So that means for instance Like yeah nowadays we have more more output like we We output which which of the process we was ended so this yeah, this photo is a bit uh out of date But uh anyway, so it provides us like osmo vsc Ended that prematurely that means it finished before we actually told it to stop the process And that of course usually means uh, there was an error. Uh, there was a sec fault Whatever so basically what you could do in this case is uh Of course, we are logging all the output from all the uh From all the processes we are storing the core dumps, uh, also so it's fairly easy if uh, uh One of the processes crash or there's an output failure You can go there and debug it quite easily. Of course, we are also Storing pickup files for all the processes so It's quite a lot of information so What's the currently status the current status it's uh We are running several tests. Uh, as we said, uh, mostly hourly Um, this is the kind of test that we are running So we test a network registration We test different encryptions Um, we are testing that we can send or receive sms Um, we also involve smpp in the process sometimes. Um We test the ussd code to receive your phone extension But I mean that's good. That means we are testing all ussd, right? Yeah, it's fine Um, so we are testing gprs. Um only the signaling though. So we are not testing real So data plane. Um, so we are testing that actually the modem can attach And that the pdp context can be established But uh, yeah for the day we we are still not testing it because we have to set up all the routing stuff So basically we have the this issue in which, uh Yeah, the routing is a bit difficult because then you have to send your packets through the Interface created by the modem, but then at some point you will receive it On the ggsn, which will try to route the same packet again somewhere and of course it will route it Yeah, it will drop it. So we have to create different namespaces or Uh, yeah, I have to come out with a good solution I have some ideas But I didn't implement it yet because again for to do this kind of stuff usually need a route access Uh, so it's a bit more difficult to handle because I I need to escalate powers and yeah, right and do this kind of stuff. So It's still thinking about the best solution um For voice calls actually Uh, also we support signaling no no data yet. Uh, so we can actually establish a call Uh, keep it for five seconds and then close it and check that everything's fine um I think the reason for actually not supporting data here is because uh, we are also having some issues with um Yeah modems handling data. Uh, so maybe harold knows a bit better the situation. I think he did some research Well, the problem is that you can hardly find any, um, usb or um Uh mini pcie modem that does voice to begin with So it's very very few modems that you can find and if you can find them then sometimes it's an experimental firmware It's not officially supported and it's broken in many ways and if you find it at all then the audio is uh Never exported as usb audio. Uh, some do some proprietary gsm voice frame over urt handling Which you then need to implement and the only interface that you can find is PCM bus and that's actually why we are now building uh hardware That can interface a pc m multiple not synchronous PCM slaves because each modem wants to be a pc m master So if you have multiple modems you need basically n number of pc m slaves that can get the the pc m audio And then feed that back to a pc and we're building specific hardware for that because it's not possible any other way Okay, so there we go. Um, then which hardware are we currently testing? Um, so we have a sismo bts Uh, I think it's yeah model 1002 for the etus. Uh, I think it's the model b 210 And then we are testing a sismo cell 5k um We are testing a 2 nano bts. So the difference between those is basically the band on which they operate um And then we are testing with an octo bts 500 So and for the modems, uh, we actually have uh three modems there. Um, three different types of modems Uh, we have this sierra wireless mc, uh, whatever Modem which is actually the one we are using uh for the test because um, so right now, of course, you have a list of modems and then um We only use up to two modems in one test and only so we put the this sierra wireless the first two in the list So they are always picked up and we did that on board posts because the other Two modems like the quick telly c20 and the goby 2000. Um, we are having some issues or they are not supported supporting all the Features that we would like like some of them have some issues are receiving some sms Some of them with voice calls. Yeah, different issues. So for some of them, we have some issues open So if actually if you go, I will show you later. Um On the osmosis and tester red mine, there's a few tickets related to ophono So if also somebody wants to contribute to ophono, it's uh, It's fine for us. Um so We talk about the current state. Let's uh, just list a few Things about what are we going to or planning for the future or could be nice for the future? um Of course adding more bts hardware. Um So, uh, we are planning to add lime sdr. Uh, so probably an open cellular at some point Would be nice. Um Then Again, uh, better ms support. So that means uh fixing some stuff in ophono um So for for instance, uh, just to give you some examples when you now create a pdp context You can have a pdp context before v6 or v46 and You can state that on the ophono api, but actually on the implementation side They are not correctly doing or sending the qmi commands correctly to To the modem. So basically even if you state i want a v4 Uh context or a v6 context, uh, you will see that actually it asks for a v4 v6 context or for a So it actually tries several ways and uh, uh, that's That's okay if you are running, uh, your phone, but of course if you want to test some specific feature, uh, it's not that nice um Yeah, some other idea regarding mess would be again to add, uh, an osmocon bb related phone like a Motorola one so we can uh Yeah, we can support it on the test. So basically would be Taking the modem api and implementing it using uh, yeah osmocon or whatever um Uh, so some next features, uh Yeah, adding data plane for the voice calls Adding data plane for the gprs, uh or back switch journal, um Adding a 3g testing so Uh, I think there's nothing really stopping Me from adding it now just basically lack of time Uh, but I think we have even another 3g there already set up on the on the osmocism tester main unit. So should be Hopefully straightforward to add it there um And then what we are missing to it's uh An airfcn resource allocation algorithm. So that's something it's been pending for a while and uh, basically because I have to invest a bit of time on it um So we have this issue in which actually The idea is that if we we run several tests in parallel, of course, we don't want to uh Different bts is to use the same airfcn because of course they could collide between them. So we have to Um, yeah allocate different ones Uh, but that turned to be a bit more complex than than I first though Because you have to take like different variables into account. So there's a red mine issue about that. Um But yeah, so You need actually to write some kind of algorithm to really pick Which airfcn you should be using or not or whatever. I mean, I don't remember all the cases I found but uh, yeah It it's in the description and yeah, it it has prevented me from from doing that now. So that means Uh, I think right now we are almost always using the same airfcn Uh, so it's set up quite a hard coded more or less or in the configuration Uh, which of course that means that we are not running tests in parallel. So so far We are really only running one test after the other And then that means that uh, the full test should Take like 45 minutes nowadays to run. Um, it's 45 tests more or less, I think But yeah, I mean you have to think that each test we run that means uh, you have to start The sysmo with the well don't start sysmo with the s but osmo with the sysmo You have to copy stuff to osmo with the sysmo. You have to power on the modems You have to wait for the modems to scan and and find the network You have to wait for the modem to connect to the network. Um all this kind of stuff Actually, so regarding the modems also we had really issues with that because We saw that modems were stating that they were connected to the network when they were powered up But they were not connected to the network. But uh, so that's what the smartness I was talking about So sometimes I wish that they were not so smart because uh, then of course if you are testing this kind of stuff And then the modem says it's connected, but your vts says it's not connected And of course you check the the pick up traces and you see that it's really not connected But the modem states it's connected then it's you have an issue there So, uh, I think we fixed that basically by incrementing the location area code on each test we run So every time we power on the the modem we increment the lack and then since then I think the issue is fixed um Yeah So some final remarks about it Uh, so it's proven to be useful. It really helps. We found uh, like some interesting regressions there uh, for instance, uh we A few days ago, we actually enabled address sanitizer and we catch like I had to fix four or five bucks in One day, um Sometimes it's nice because you find these Bucks, which you usually don't find if you don't have a specific configuration So for instance, somebody changes something in the implementation of lip osmo core But for god's that or forget that I don't know osmo bsc is using this Dysfunction, but then it's taking into consideration some implementation details And then of course suddenly it doesn't work. But yeah, this kind of stuff that sometimes happens um Or somebody removes vty configuration from the vty Code and then of course, uh, you have to remove that from, uh, I don't know the configuration. So it's it's good to check this kind of stuff um And the good thing is that also as it's real hardware, we don't have control over it It fails sometimes in unexpected ways and that's good because then it lets us test some paths That we don't usually control or when we are like manually developing or testing We don't usually take them into account like for instance, uh, I think like nil's Fixed an fsm bug which happened when some of the phone calls sometimes was not handled correctly or something like that or was released or um So it really helps with this kind of stuff um as I said, uh Controlling the modems is really hard. It took A big amount of hours, uh, really to have it working more or less stable um It helped. Yeah, we we we had to contribute to other, uh, projects which are not, uh directly related Or inside osmocom like ofono, uh, python smpp leap or pi debas Uh, I think it's actually some stuff. It's uh, quite reusable for all the projects, uh, and it has been found already like for instance, uh, holga Reused some of this code to test, uh, like, um, let's say massive parallel Uh, location update for modems using this Erlang interface um Yeah, yeah, I'm finishing. So uh, and yeah, basically the idea is to have some kind of upstream collection of tests With that we can share between all of us. So I mean, maybe we don't have all the hardware But somebody wants to do a setup so we can share the test at least um So yeah, here you have a bit of information so you can find the issue tracker. Yeah, the code manual We have some ansible scripts. So if you want to set an osmocom tester main unit with all the dependencies required, uh, it's there And uh, yeah, you can look also for the janking job, uh, to see if something's failing or not. Uh, yeah And that's it