Hi. I'm Zor. Welcome to Unizor education. This is second lecture of problem solving about triangles, quadrangles, stuff like this. There are, I think, eight lectures all together dedicated exclusively to problem solving. I do encourage everybody to look at these problems and try to solve them yourself. It's extremely useful and it actually builds up your creativity, which is not even related to mathematics, but it's related very much to my most important point that mathematics really develops your creativity, which you can use anywhere, any other industry, profession, whatever. Let's just do it. Prove that the medium like hypotenuse in the right triangle is equal to half of the hypotenuse. Okay, so you have the right triangle. Now, you have to prove that the medium to hypotenuse is equal to its half. Well, let's think about it this way. Since it's medium, we know this is equal to this, right? Now, if I will extend the medium by the same size and build a quadrangle, now this quadrangle will be obviously a rectangle. Well, first of all, it's a parallelogram, because since these two are equal and these two are equal, so these angles are vertical. That makes this line, this segment, equal to this segment from triangles A, B, C, D. So A, B, P triangle is congruent to D, P, C by side equal to side, another side equal to this side and the vertical angle in between. That makes A, B congruent to C, D similarly. B, D is congruent to A, C. So it's a parallelogram and it's not just a parallelogram. This angle is right angle. And since interior angles of parallelogram are either supplemental or congruent to each other, that makes all angles right. So every angle is 90 degrees, so this is a rectangle and since it's a rectangle, its diagonals are congruent to each other. But one diagonal is a hypotenuse, the other is double-needian. If they are equal to each other, that means that the median is equal to half of a hypotenuse. Proof-converse theorem. If median in a triangle is equal to half the side, it falls on when the angle where it starts is the right angle. Okay, so let's consider we have a triangle and it's equal, it's half, half of this side. So these are three equal segments. Well, how to prove that this angle is the right angle? Well, actually there are many ways of doing it. Here is, I would say, an unusual way. Well, the usual way is to exactly the same thing. Extend it, have a parallelogram, and prove it from the parallelogram that this is the right angle. But here's something which just came to my mind. I think it's quite interesting. You see, these are congruent segments, so are these that makes this angle equal to this one and this one equal to this one, because these are isosceles triangles. So A, B, C, D. A, D, B is isosceles, since median is equal to half of the side it falls on. And this makes an isosceles triangle. So it looks like some of these two angles is equal to some of these two angles. But what do we know about the angles in a triangle? That some of them is equal to 180 degree. So this, plus this, plus this, plus this is 180. But this is half of this, since piece of this angle is equal to this one and another piece is equal to this one, so all together that makes it half of 180, which is 90 degrees. I think it's more interesting than with parallelogram. But as I was saying, there are many different ways to prove the same theory, so this is just yet another way. By the way, the previous lecture was mostly for construction problems. These are mostly problems related to proving something. Proved it in the right triangle, so median and an altitude to a k-potronus form an angle equal to difference between the triangle's acute angles. Okay, so you have right triangle. Okay, now you have a median and you have an altitude. Ag is median, Ae is altitude. Now, the angle between them is supposed to be equal to the difference between two acute angles. Well, let's do it this way. Since this acute angle is equal to this acute angle, right, since we know that EG, median, is equal to half of a k-potronus, Ae is also this triangle, and so is Dac. So this angle is also the same. Like this. Now, what else is interesting? Ae and B and Ec and Ac. Aec. Aec also the right triangle. So what's the interesting point about Aec and ABC triangle? Well, both are right triangles, right? Ac is altitude, so this is the right angle, and in ABC the A angle is right. But what's important is they share the same acute angle, which means the other acute angle is the same. So this other acute angle, Aec is congruent to ABC. Again, since both ABC and ABC are right triangles, which share the same acute angle, another acute angle will be the same, will be congruent. And now it's obvious that angle Dae is a difference between Dac, which is equal to this one acute angle, and Eac, this one, which is equal to another acute angle. So the difference between the bigger and smaller acute angles gives you the difference between the median and an altitude of the right triangle. That's it. Okay, given triangle ABC segment, AG bisects angle Bac. ABC and bisector. So AG is a bisector. Point D lies on BC, okay. Straight line through point D is parallel to side AC. So we have a parallel line here. And then through E parallel to BC intersecting AC at point F. These lines are parallel and these lines are parallel. Prove the segments Ae and Cf. Ae and Cf are congruent. Well, let's think about it. Well, since these lines are parallel, these are lines are parallel, E, G, C, F is a parallelogram. So this guy is equal to this one. Now, since AG and AF are parallel and AG is transversal, these are alternate interior angles. Ae, E, G and AF parallel and AG is transversal. So these are alternate interior angles. Now, since AG is bisector, these two angles are equal to each other. And that's why these two angles are equal to each other. E, A, D and E, D, A. And that's what makes triangle Ae, D isosceles. Since angles at the base are equal to each other, the sides are congruent. And that's what makes E, D congruent to E, A. So FC is congruent to E, D because it's a parallelogram and E, D is congruent to AE because AE, D is a sosceles triangle. That's what makes FC and AE congruent. That was easy. Okay, given an angle, MXN. Inside it an angle P, Q, Y. So there is one angle and there is another angle. In such a way that MX, so MX is parallel to PY, MX, MX is parallel to PY. And what's important, the distance between MX and PY between MX and PY is equal to the distance between these two. So since distance is measured by perpendicular, we can say that if you take the point and drop the perpendicular here and there they will be equal to each other. So the distance is the same. Parallel and parallel. Distance between parallel lines here and there is the same. Now, since the distance is measured by a mutual perpendicular so I used the Y point and dropped to perpendicular to both sides of MXN to get these two called A and B. Now, that's all the condition. Proof that bisector of angle MXY is a bisector of PY, Q. So they share bisector. That's what's necessary to prove. Okay, first of all, bisector of angle MXB must actually contain this point, Y. I'll just prove that these two angles are congruent to each other. Now, these are two right triangles, X, A, Y and X, B, Y with congruent legs because the distance between parallel lines is the same and common hypotenuse. So that's why two angles are congruent to each other which means the bisector goes to Y, to point Y. Now, what if I continue this bisector? How can I prove that these two angles are also the same? Well, that's very easy because this line and this line are parallel and X, Y and its continuation is transversal and angle MXY and angle PY whatever W are, how is it called? Corresponding. Yes, corresponding. These are corresponding angles. So PYW and MXY are corresponding with AM and PY parallel and XYW transversal. Now, same are these two angles W, Y, Q and Y, X, B also corresponding angles. And they are equal. So this is equal to this, this is equal to this. These guys are equal among themselves. So these are equal. So the continuation of line XYW is bisecting the angle PYQ and the proof. Proof that any segment that connects to basis of a trapezoid is divided by a median in two congruent parts. Any segment that connects to basis of a trapezoid. Okay, so you have a trapezoid, you have its median. What's necessary to prove is that any segment connecting two points on basis is divided in half by a median. So we have to prove that MX is equal to XN. Well, what do we usually do in cases like this? Well, we make a parallel shift towards one of the vertices. So let's call M was the original letter and this will be M' So if we shift MN to the right so that M is gliding towards C and M would be gliding towards D into a new position M, M and prime. Now what happens? Well, it's a parallel shift. So considering lines BC and AD are parallel while M will be gliding along BC towards C M will be gliding along AD towards M prime position. And obviously M and CM prime is parallelogram. And what's interesting is that PQ, which is parallel to BC and AD will be dividing the triangle M'CG into pieces and this point would be half. This would be X prime. Now why is it half? There was a theorem about triangles that if the line parallel to a base crosses the side in the middle it will cross another side in the middle as well. So this is the line PQ parallel to the base and it's crossing one side at point Q in its middle. That's why X prime would be in the middle of the CM prime. But now let's consider M and CM prime. This is parallelogram, right? And since PQ is parallel to both then it's two different parallelograms actually equal to each other. X and C X prime and MX X prime M prime are both parallelograms which means that this side is equal to this this side is equal to this but since C X prime is the same as M prime X prime so they are congruent to each other that's why these also will be congruent to each other. And that's what proves that XM and MX have the same lengths. Again, this and this, these two segments are congruent to these two and these two are congruent among themselves from the triangle CM prime P. That's it. Given the triangle ABC let's vertex B be on the top and side AC be at base. Point X is an intersection of two bisectors of angles at the base. Okay, so you have one bisector and another bisector and crossing is X. Okay, straight line through point X parallel to the base intersects at points M and M. Okay, so these are bisectors and MN parallel to AC. Proof that segment MN is equal to a sum of segment AM and NC. Okay, well that's actually, again, such a long condition of this theorem but the theorem is actually trivial. Here is why. MN is parallel to AC. AX is transversal so these two angles MXA and XAC are alternate interior and that's why they are congruent to each other but at the same time since this AX is a bisector these triangles are congruent so that's what makes these two congruent and that's what makes AMX a nice socialist triangle with these two segments equal to each other. Same thing on this side. Since XM is parallel to AC XC is transversal so NXC and XCA are alternate interior angles and congruent to each other. Now, since XC is a bisector these triangles are also congruent to each other so these are congruent and these are congruent that's what makes these two congruent that's what makes these two sides XM and NC congruent to each other and that's what makes MN equal to sum of AM because it's equal to this piece and NC which is equal to this piece. Straight lines are drawn through all three vertices of a triangle forming another bigger triangle. Okay, so we have a triangle and we have three sides three lines parallel to something like this. This is our original triangle, ABC and this is our new triangle let's say MNP So, what's necessary to prove here? We look the same, right? Okay, prove that this bigger triangle is divided by size of a smaller triangle into four triangles each congruent to the small one and side being twice as big as the parallel side. Okay, so what do we know? We know the parallelism, right? Now, since this is parallel to this and this is parallel to this that makes AD and C parallelogram, right? Which means this and this are congruent. This and this are congruent. Now, ABCP is also parallelogram which makes this line congruent to this line. Now, NBCA is also parallelogram so this is the same as this. Now, MACB is parallelogram and AC and MB are congruent. And finally, missing what? ABCP is parallelogram so this side and this are congruent. So what do we see? Well, basically, we have already proven everything. First of all, all these four triangles are congruent among themselves by three sides, that's number one. Number two, what we see is that the length of this guy is half of this guy. So big triangle is twice as big as the small triangle and each side is twice as big as the one of the small one which is parallel to the big one. That's what's necessary to prove. Again, to draw and to explain what we want to do is longer than the proof itself, proof is trivial. Prove that in a socialist triangle, sum of two distances from any point on the base to two legs is constant and equal to an altitude. Okay, that seems to be a lot of easy truth. So if you have a socialist triangle and you take any point here and distance to this and distance to this, two perpendiculars. So this theorem states that sum of these two is constant which does not depend on the position of this point and is the same as an altitude towards the leg. So basically if you move this point to the right, now this piece will be longer, this piece will be shorter, but the sum of them will be exactly equal to this one. That's what's necessary to prove. All right, so how can we prove this? Well, let's do this way. What if I will draw a line parallel to the side to the leg like this? So these are two parallel, which makes this piece is equal to this one. What I have to prove right now is, so, one more. From point M I draw a parallel and E to the leg AB. Now, this is a socialist triangle, don't forget that. Now, since these are parallel lines, I can say that angle BAM is congruent to EMC because these lines are parallel and AC is transversal. So these are two corresponding angles. And since BAC is equal to BCA, that's why angle AEMC is equal to ECM. And obviously it's equal to this one. All right, so this is obvious. These are corresponding with this parallel and this transversal. Now, since this angle is equal to this one in a socialist triangle, so I have this is equal to this two angles are also congruent to each other and that's why EMC is also a nice socialist triangle. So whenever I cut piece of a nice socialist triangle by a line parallel to a leg, I have left also a socialist triangle. Now, here is what's interesting. From my altitude Cd, this is the piece Yd which is equal to the Pm. So this distance from point M to AB, which is MP, MP is perpendicular, is the same as the distance from point Y to D. If I will be able to prove that this piece, CY is equal to MQ, then my theorem will be proven completely because now I can say that MQ plus MQ is equal to DY plus YC, right, which is the full altitude. Now, that's actually much easier to prove that XC is congruent to MQ because we are dealing with a socialist triangle. Just forget about this part. Just consider only the socialist triangle. What we do have here is two altitudes and two different legs, which are obviously congruent to each other. Well, number one, because we have already considered this problem before, but number two, it's really easy since these are right triangles, this one and this one, which share a part in those and the same acute angles since it's a socialist triangle. So these two altitudes are the same. That's why MQ and CY are the same. But now MQ, we just add a piece MP and that's what the distance to another side and similar piece YG being added to CY gives us the full altitude. So no matter where point M is located, some of these two distances is equal to the altitude to the side. Okay, I have the last problem. Change the condition of the previous theorem to use a point on continuation of the base outside of the triangle and formulate theorem in this case and prove it. That's interesting. So you have also a socialist triangle, but now instead of being inside the triangle, point M is outside. Now distance to this and distance to this. Most likely it's the difference between these two distances which would make an altitude. If M is inside, that's the sum. But if M is outside of the triangle, then probably the difference between the distances of two legs of a socialist triangle will make an altitude to the other. Now how to prove it? Well, the same way. Let's do it this way. We will draw a parallel line to AB through C. Now since M, M, P, Q. Okay, since M, M is perpendicular to AB and C, W is parallel to AB by construction, M, Q is perpendicular. Now this angle is equal to this one as corresponding angles with these parallel and transversal. Now this angle is equal to this as an angle in a socialist triangle at the base, and this angle is equal to this as vertical, which makes these two angles Q, C, M and M, C, R equal to each other, which makes triangles C, Q, M and C, R, M congruent because they are right triangles. This is the perpendicular, don't forget. And this is the perpendicular. So these are right triangles with common hypotenuse and an acute angle. And that makes these two segments Q, M and R, M congruent to each other. And now you see that the altitude P, C which is equal to MQ obviously because these are parallel and perpendicular. So the difference between M, M and R, M is equal to MQ since R, M and Q, M are the same. And Q is in turn equal to PC. So that's why we can state that the difference between the distances from point M outside of it is also a triangle on its base. To both legs is equal to an altitude to a leg. That's the end of it. Okay, that's it. That was the last problem to this lecture. Don't forget Unisor.com has this and many other lectures as well and for parents and supervisors it provides an excellent opportunity to control and supervise the educational process of their children and students. That's it. Thank you very much and good luck with other problems.


When you take an object and you look at what happens when you push on different parts of it, it turns out that's actually a very complicated process because if I push on one part of an object, the only reason the other parts move is that they're connected to it by 10 to the 23 tiny interactions between all the different parts. So this is actually a very complicated thing, but it looks kind of simple when you think of it as one big object. And the simplest thing about this object is the motion of its center of mass. If I look at a hammer, I know that this heavy end kind of counts more, even though a lot of the hammers over here, the center of mass is much closer to the big heavy end up here. And if I had something like a tube, then actually the center of mass is in the middle. There's no actual tube there at all, that's the hole, but the center is the exact center in there. And the center of mass is a very important thing when you're dealing with external forces because the center of mass moves very simply when you look at how it responds to external forces. Supposing I have more than one mass, supposing I have lots of masses. And these might not be completely independent masses, although they could be. These could be molecules of air, or they might be molecules in a hammer. So they might be strongly interacting or not. They might be part of one solid body and we've just broken up in little pieces. Supposing we have lots of different masses, we kind of know that the center of mass has to be closer to the heavier ones. So I'm going to label the position of each of these particles and I need to pick some origin and so I'll write the position of each of these particles as a vector in a particular direction and distance from that origin. And furthermore each particle is going to have a particular mass. So my center of mass is just going to be at a position. So it's going to be described by a position vector and it's going to be a sort of average position vector that's weighted by the mass of each particle. So in summation notation that would be, so the sum of all the masses added up, that's the total mass, and this is the mass weighted positions. So let's look at what this thing is. First of all it has units of position. So this is a position vector and this is a mass. So the top line is a mass times a position and the bottom line is a mass which leaves us with a position. We know that if we have just one particle so if we can cross out all these extra terms from the sum it's just the mass times the position divided by the mass so it's just an all position. So if I have a single particle its center of mass is where that particle is. So for example if I have two particles of equal mass then my center of mass vector is exactly halfway between the two masses. Now it's very easy to show that the motion of the center of mass of the system is very strongly related to the total momentum. So the total momentum of the system is just the sum of the momentum of each part of the system and non-relativistically that's just the mass times the velocity of each part. And the velocity remember is just the change of position divided by a change in time. And of course we can factorize out the time there. And this part here looks like a change in that part there. So if we take that which is the total mass and multiply that to both sides then what we find is that the total mass times the change in the center of mass is equal to this thing where we've got changes in positions. And that means that we can rewrite this equation here. The total momentum is just the total mass times the velocity of the center of mass. And that's interesting because all the forces between particles within our system so all the interactions between our pairs here we already know do not affect our total momentum at all. We already showed that because we get a momentum change to one particle and a momentum change to the other particle that's equal and opposite and so they all cancel. And so the only thing that causes the total momentum to change is external forces. So a force that has a pair that isn't considered in our system so there might be some other thing somewhere else that has an equal and opposite force indeed there must be, but if we're not considering it in our system then this is called an external force.  So what that tells us is that if we have a system no matter how complicated or unbalanced it is and we apply external forces to it then the motion of the center of mass goes just as though all those forces were located at a single point mass located at center of mass. So if I have this hammer and I throw it it's swirling around in a complicated fashion because gravity is acting on it but it's acting on all these different parts and they're interacting with each other. But the only external force is gravity and so the center of mass of this hammer is actually executing the lovely beautiful simple parabola that a ball bearing would or a point mass would. And so because the momentum is related to the center of mass motion the center of mass moves in a very simple way.


Hello, and welcome to this talk on demonstrating ILS and TCAS spoofing attacks. My name's Alex, I'm an aero risk engineer pilot and hacker PENTAAS partners in the UK, and I laid up our aerospace work and research program. I've had the honor of working all sorts of environments at PCP from government networks and consumer IoT through to plane strains and automobiles. This is me on the left there flying. And what I hope you might notice is that it's a pretty perfect ILS approach for later. So what we're going to be showing in this talk is to give some practical demonstrations of two kinds of radio frequencies spoofing attack against two different types of cockpit instruments that are found in virtually every single commercial aircraft flying today. Hashad Shatih is giving a separate companion talk right after this one in the schedule, and that goes into a lot more depth from the physics and practicalities involved in generating these types of spoofing. So you should definitely check out that too. Unfortunately, though, we're not going to be sharing this against a real airframe as that would be super illegal. What we do have though is our ever say 320 simulator at PENTAAS partners, and that does a pretty good job of being able to simulate the aircraft's flight characteristics and its avionics. It's the same flying model that's used in professional simulators, but it's obviously not certified to the same standard. So we can emulate and test things against most major systems including ILS and TCAS. So TCAS is the traffic collision avoidance system and does pretty much what it says. It provides both audio and visual cues to a pilot about other aircraft or traffic that come within two protective bubbles, the TA and RA regions. Traffic advisories are labeled orange, and our aircraft that don't pose an immediate threat but might then become a resolution advisory. So while it needs to take immediate action to avoid that conflict, the TCAS system will give these RA's in the form of climb or descent, but never return its vertical movement only. Aircraft equips with TCAS transponders, and that's most passenger aircraft, but not general aviation in small things with propellers and will emit interrogation signals and listen for replies. And the transponders then use this time of flight to compute distance between aircraft many times a second. As not all aircraft are equipped with TCAS, a hybrid mode can use inputs from ADS-B, and you might be familiar with that from services such as Flight Radar 24, and it uses this to add these other aircraft into the picture as well. The resolution advisories, in theory, must be obeyed over any air traffic control instructions, and not doing so was the cause of the sad 2002 Uberlingen incident between a TU-154 and a DHL cargo flight. In the busy airspace, and Los Angeles is often cited as one such area, traffic alerts can become almost constant to the point that it can become a significant pilot workload, and we've heard anecdotally that TCAS is sometimes send off in such situations. In whatever simulator with the autopilot engaged, the aircraft will actually fly resolution advisories automatically, moving away from a preset altitude, and then returning to that after the conflict has passed. This is an aircraft and airline option, and it's not always enabled however. So in the demonstration that follows, we have the aircraft flying straight and level with the wall of spoofed aircraft coming directly towards us. The system will issue TAs, then RAs, and then take control to move us out of conflict if we do nothing. So we are just over 5,000 feet and our spoofed aircraft are introduced ahead of us. They turn from orange to red quite quickly on the right hand navigation display, and the vertical speedstrip on the left hand display now shows a red unsafe and a green safe band, at the same time calling out to descend. Ideally the pilot would now pitch down to obtain that safe vertical speed of about 2,000 feet per minute. Choosing to ignore this, the aircraft will automatically take control and put the aircraft into a safe descent, allowing our intruder aircraft to pass above us. Once we're clear of any conflict, the aircraft will pitch back up, increase thrust, and return us back to 5,000 feet. So our next system is the Intranet Landing System, which provides lateral and vertical guidance for pilot when approaching a runway. This is typically most useful in poor weather conditions, but is often used even in clear and fine weather. So for a specific runway, a VHF ILS frequency is given, which includes both a glide slope, the vertical portion, and a localiser beam, the lateral. Each beam has two loaves at different frequencies, and the receiver works out the signal strength of each, and when each is the same, that means you're in the centre. It's a pretty simple and basic technology that's been around for quite a long time. The pilot then centres some magenta bars on a display instrument, or more likely the autopilot then follows them automagically, and that will get you to the touchdown point of the runway. So our situation in the simulator is that we have selected and tuned to the ILS runway 28 right here at San Francisco, and that's the red one marked here. We will initially be flying in cloud, so we can't see the airport runway lights or ground, but unknown to us, the localiser signal is being spoofed from a location off to the left of our aircraft. And what will happen is that we will pop out from the cloud at quite a low level and find ourselves nowhere near where we expected to be. So the aircraft is established on the ILS for runway 28 right, as we can see at the top of the right-hand navigation display. The magenta pips on the left-hand primary flight display are both centred horizontally and vertically, so we believe ourselves to be flying down the correct path to the runway. In the bottom right, we see the outside world, as such it is, but we're in cloud, so of course it's just great. We have selected flap and gear down at this point as well. At 400 feet, the aircraft believes itself to be in landing mode, and ground proximity and traffic alerts will be inhibited beyond this point. At 300 feet, we break out of the cloud and find ourselves well left of the runway, even though our instruments are still indicating we're on the centreline. A pilot will go around and retry the landing if faced with a situation if they had sufficient visibility to make that decision. So I will leave Hoshan to go into more of the detail in his talk, but I personally feel that ILS briefing is unlikely. Even you would need a pretty powerful antenna in very close proximity to the airport. This is likely to get us spotted by the police pretty quickly, I would suggest. It's also fairly likely that the pilot would see intermittent nav error flags in their displays telling them the ILS system was unreliable. Our T-CAS, given it uses time-of-flight, would be more difficult to spoof unless you had some kind of drone floating around in the airspace. But ADS-B is relatively straightforward to generate from the ground, and that might be enough of a distraction to lead pilots to switching off the system altogether. Please do watch Hoshan's talk, which goes into a much deeper dive on the theory and practicalities. And lastly, a special thank you to my colleague Phil Eberle, who managed to get the simulator video at really short notice, so thanks Phil. Thank you for listening, and I really look forward to hearing your comments and thoughts in the chat.


Well, I mean, I think that they'll be able to give you their emotion. But I think there's a lot of satisfaction to be able to play a game this late in the season that doesn't have playoff implications, division implications for us. And to prepare that the way they did to come out here and compete the way they competed, I always tell you, credit goes to the players. They were the ones that allowed us to run the football, allowed us to give up a play and come back and get stops in the red zone and told them at halftime, like, guys, you're the best red zone defense in the league, and we're going to need a stop to win the game. And that's what they did. And so all the credit goes to the players, to the coaches for getting them prepared. And I'm sure they're excited like everybody else. Do you hate to lose when you go out this way? How do you describe this one for you? Well, again, I'm excited for the players that put so much work into it that work hard and to get coached and corrected for them to be able to come back and answer and be successful and help us run the football and score touchdowns. And there was just a lot of guys that contributed. And I think that's the biggest thing. And that's the thing that we have to remember is that it's going to take all of us. It's never going to be about one or two players and got a lot of contributions from different guys. And that's probably the most satisfaction I get is watching everybody contribute to a victory and feel like they helped us win. What are the plans for the Jacksonville and their playoff? Well, again, we like to hopefully make it always about us. But certainly, there's a lot of satisfaction in that as well. It's just a lot goes with winning here and at home and on in the division, which was obviously important. With Derek's future uncertain, with Ryan having yielded to Will, what was it like to have a throwback game where the two of them were the guys that got it done? We've leaned on Derek. I certainly touched on him, his consistency throughout this, not only the time that I've been here, but certainly this season and frustrated. But I'm just proud to coach him. He's a unique and special person, but obviously an unbelievable player. His durability, his leadership is something that I've always appreciated and was on display here today. Mike, you mentioned your Red Zone defense, the way they bowed up, particularly on that fourth and short. He's reaching the ball out and he was maybe a foot away. How big was that stand? Well, look, we got a great surge inside. Somebody, I think maybe it was Keondre and there's somebody that we added here towards the back part of the season coming through to make a play, to help contribute to that. And again, we had plenty of mistakes, but we were able to overcome those. And I felt like that was something that continued to show is that one play, whether it's good or bad, isn't going to dictate this game. We were around there, played consistently throughout and defensively just kept plugging away, gave up the 1x play and then played a fantastic and challenge there at the end in the two-minute situation. Mike, we talked a lot about the lack of interceptions for the team. You guys got two today. What was the difference in your second half? Well, we caught the one that he threw to us, right? So that one, you start there. The other one, we were able to challenge and guys ran to the football. And so there you get tipped. But you start by catching the ones that they throw you. And then whatever mistake they make, you have to be able to capitalize on it. So that was what we did on one of them. And then on the other one, over there challenging on a contested catch, and the ball came loose. And Saul Aziz, flying over there, saw Terrell running to the football. And then, therefore, Terrell was rewarded. I want to finish the class, finish the seat in that classy manner, but do you want to see effort? Do you want to see guys play like they did today? Of course. That's what we've done, and that's what we want to continue to do and win, and be able to win, and be able to get off to a good start, and be able to control a football game, and have a two-score lead, and somewhat put the pressure on them to execute. I thought that I thought we would have finished. I mean, when we converted, which was a fantastic play by Ryan, to be able to pump it, and to hold it, not throw it into Allen, and then a fantastic job by Kyle to kind of get in there behind guys, and then the pile push that we talk about, and show every week, and how critical that is at that point in time. So I thought we were going to finish it off, and that didn't happen. But then we're able to get the punt off, cover the punt well. And just great complementary football, and did a great job of situational play. Got them backed up down there, and we're backed up, and we hard count, gets us off the goal line. Those are all things that, when we're operating, and we're functioning, and winning, those are all the things that we're doing positively, and not the other way around. I think Mike, you've got one big temptation to have a curtain call moment on that last drive, or just kind of let the game happen. Really just trying to focus. I mean, I'll give those guys as much credit as I possibly can. And I mean, that wasn't any disrespect to them at all. Wanted to run it more time over there. We could have, I mean, that's what he's earned. He's earned that right. Yeah, so definitely had that feeling. That was a fun day. Fun day for a lot of different reasons. But to be able to finish the season out, finish my time out here with a win, it was a lot of fun and it felt really good. Watching Derek run like that, season high in yards, I think that makes the two of you together like 33 and 20 when you start together. It's nice to see him have that day as well. Yeah, no question. Obviously, Derek's been so consistent during his time here, and to see him have the day yet today was a lot of fun for me as well. I know when I turn my head and he gets through the line of scrimmage without much contact, there's a chance of being a big one, and he had a couple of those today as well as the tough yards that he's been consistent with over the last five years. So, you know, big day from him and a lot of fun to see him have that success. He talked to you about finishing the time out here. Is that just you've been around long enough to understand the business side thing or is that something you thought about much this week? Yeah, I mean, I understand the business side of things. And obviously, we all know what happened this year. So yeah, I think it doesn't take a whole lot of foresight to see that. Obviously, I had a lot to play for trying to win the division, you guys, just trying to finish well. How come this team was the one that came out with the energy and the cue, do you think? We wanted to go out and finish the season strong. Like I said, it wasn't season we wanted. But I'm proud of the guys in the locker room through thick and thin throughout this year. You know, showed up to work weekend and week out. Even when there was nothing, so to speak, to play for, but pride and respect. And guys came to work each and every day. Those are a lot of days where it took a lot of effort and attentionality from everyone in the locker room. But guys kept working. They kept trying to get better and improve. And we wanted to finish the season out the right way. We'll leave the season with a good taste in our mouths. And we did that. It's kind of a throwback game in a lot of ways, right? I mean, you had Derek in the big yards, efficient passing game, goal line stand. It seemed like this was the kind of game we saw a lot of. Maybe not as recently, but a little further. Yeah, no doubt. I felt like a vintage Titans game, especially a knee song. Had a lot of those over the last few years here. Maybe not this year, but there's over my time here. There was a lot of games I can think back that were so similar to that. Hardfly games back and forth, big plays by defense. Answers by the offense and everything in between. So just a fun day and a fun way to end it. You enjoyed the play of the spoil role, keeping them out of the postseason? I mean, it's always huge to get a division win. But for me, and I think for a lot of guys in the locker room, it was about going out and finishing this thing the right way for each other. We've put the work and the time in over the course of the season through thick and thin. And to be able to leave with a good taste in our mouth and a win at home in front of our fans who showed up for us was a lot to play for just in that. What was the rivalry you were having, the victory formation there against chanting? You guys kind of put the game on ice, what were you thinking about then? I was just enjoying the moment. Enjoying the moment, there were several times today where I had to just put myself back in the moment and not step back and get emotional about a lot of things. But I was one of them. Just being in the moment, being in the huddle, celebrating with the guys, a hard fought when it felt like that's the way it should be. So that three-day moment in the tunnel with Derrick, I mean, is that one of those moments as well, kind of unique for you guys? What was that like taking the field kind of together and then having a moment together before the game? Yeah, I was definitely one of the moments where you give me a minute. I definitely got emotional right there and really went through a lot of history that we've had together mentally. But just try to stay in the moment. I had some words with Derrick and just wanted to go out and finish this thing together in the right way. And we were able to do that. But yeah, I was definitely one of the moments where I had to catch myself a little bit, lock back in, and get ready to go. What day, long from now, when you're looking back on your career, what's going to stand out to you most about being a Tennessee Titan? I don't know. I still have to say right now. I created so many memories during my five years here. So many fun games and relationships that I was able to build on and off the field with my family. So many fun games here in Nissan. The hard fought wins, the ups and the downs, all the times in the locker room. It's endless, really. I could go on with the memories forever. So thankful for my time here and what it has meant to me and my family. And there's definitely a lot of things that I'll never forget. Before you guys even had some words with there, what did you say last time you guys went out? I don't remember exactly what it was. Something like, let's do this one time for the one time. Let's finish this thing right. Love you, brother. Let's go do this, something like that. I think we're kind of in the same boat, right? Didn't want to get too emotional, right? But at the same time, kind of acknowledging the situation and the moment. And no doubt, we'll have some time to sit back and reminisce a little bit in the future. But yeah, that was a sweet moment and a cool moment. And thank you for it. Brian, were you aware of where DeAndre was with his incentives and how much did it mean that Cupman kind of hit some of those numbers? Yeah, no, I was very aware. Very aware. I thought we were actually a couple yards short. And I told them, hey, I'm going to get you this ball.  And they said he ended up getting it. So thankful that I didn't have to go rogue there and call a pass play at the end. But I was like, hey, I've got nothing to lose here. I'm out anyway. So what are they going to do? You know what I mean? So yeah, thankfully, he was able to hit that. Obviously, wanted that for him. And what he's meant for this team over the course of this year showed up for us weekend and week out and made huge plays over the course of the season. And he definitely deserves it. You mentioned earlier this week when we talked to you, just how emotional this year has been for you, maybe one of the most emotional in your career. Yet looking back, is there one big lesson, one big takeaway that you could take away from this season? I don't know if there's one overarching lesson. But yeah, it's been an emotional, it's been a hard season, obviously. Just try to stay true to who I am and what I believe in. And be the same guy, obviously, when things are going well. And obviously, this year, when things weren't going well. And it was a lot of time where I had to swallow my pride and forcefully lift my head up and go into the building with a smile on my face on days when I didn't want to. I wanted to pity myself and be mad. But I knew that wasn't a positive thing. I knew that wasn't a good thing for my teammates to see. And I didn't want to be a negative influence in any way, an energy vampire in any way. So I had to put my chin up and a smile on my face, even when I didn't feel like it. And hopefully, I was able to help the guys out, help the team out. And they saw my character through the whole process. Because at the end of the day, what you do and how you do it speaks a lot to your character. You're going to keep playing, and how many years do you think you've got left? Yeah, I know I can keep playing. I don't know what the future holds. And we'll see. We'll cross that bridge when we get there. But I know I can keep playing. I feel good. I feel confident that, given the right opportunity in the right place, that I'd love to keep playing. Yards? No, I was just saying in the moment. It's been a great eight years. I've grown. A lot has happened. Through these eight years, I turned 30 in year eight. And I had my daughter go through these eight years. And I was growing as a person. And the player has some great teammates, great coaches. And the fans have been there through it all. So it was just a thank you to them. I know how I worded it. Probably got brought up a portion a little bit. But it was just a thank you speech to show a lot to the fans. For the moment, you told me about doing that. And how do you think it went on? Well, they just told me after the game, they wanted me to take some of the drum roll trying. So it was just from the heart and off the top, kind of freestyle a little bit. Hope I did good. Hope y'all liked it.  And with Ryan back there and the style of the game, was a lot like the best of what you guys had done together? Yeah, it was definitely fun. I feel like the old days again, definitely a great way to go out, and especially against a division opponent. An opponent that I grew down the street watching and looking at and following as a kid growing up. So it was kind of all full circle. It was just great to be able to finish with the win and finish with class, like Coach said. How much did you feel like your teammates out there fighting for you, whatever the future may be? It felt like collectively you guys would really put their arms up? Yeah, everybody had good energy. We had great energy all week. And I knew if we came out there and just played our style and execute and be able to get in the drives, that we'll give ourselves a chance. It has out to everybody doing that, executing, and for us to be able to get the W.  It kind of felt good. It kind of felt like 2018 again when it first all started. It's very cool to be able to experience that knowing that they did the same thing for Eddie, who I idolized a lot. So it's just cool to have that relationship with the fans. What was the big run like today? There had been a while since you had a big, big run like that. What led to it? What did it feel like? Yeah, the play before, I think we had a look, probably should have cut back then. But I know I said they called it again. I'm going to do that. And it opened up, and I was able to get down feel. I should have scored. I'm getting old, but I'm glad that we was able to execute it. What were the kisses to fans? Or was that kind of spur of the moment to you? I was thinking about what I was going to do to show my love and to show my grace. So I just wanted to let them know I was recognizing them and sending my heart out to them and thanking them for everything in a way possible, whether it was like this or no kisses, whatever it would have been. Just give them a thank you. Brian said you guys had some words before you had it out in the tunnel. What was a little bit of that conversation? Oh, yeah, we just said it was one last time, man. That's my brother. I love Ryan, man. These last five years, we've been together, growing as players, helped one another through adversity.  We ultimately didn't get it done, but there's a lot of things that we can look back on and be happy about. And him and his wife and my brother, they're close, and my daughter loves his kids. So Tannehill is always family to me. When will you start to sort things out about your future and what you want to do next? Yeah, but after this, have me a Jack Brownsburger for sure. On this day, I'm finna have a good time with that. But yeah, I think we're going to do something together online. And everybody who else is on the team, take a trip and have fun with that.  But I'm not going to get too caught up in it too much.  I'm still going to work out. I'm still going to do my normal things. And then when that time comes, visit that when it needs to be. Can you tell us, Derek, how you're kind of looking at it right now, how you view the next few months and what the decision may be? Well, this is the first time, actually, a free agent. So I got tagged the first time I was supposed to be. And then I was able to negotiate something after that. But yeah, I mean, I don't know what it's like. It's my first time actually being a free agent. Just going to enjoy the time, talk to guys around the league who've experienced this before, get some advice, talk to my team, and then go from there. You don't get to cover back to your opportunity to present yourself. Yeah, like I said earlier, I mean, any player will love to play for one franchise on their whole career. And us getting so close like we did and not finishing it, that's always going to be in the back of your mind. So I want to bring a Super Bowl here really bad. I mean, that's one of my main goals. No matter how I do during the season, just want to bring one here. And who knows what will happen. But at the end of the day, I mean, any player want to play for the organization their whole career. But I mean, it's a business. And I know it's a gamble. Said again? To reach that goal of the Super Bowl that you just talked about, what needs to happen roster-wise? I mean, it's a little bit out of my pre-grade. But I just felt like in 2019, when we got to FU Championship, I felt like we were solid from top to bottom. I felt like even during the season, when things weren't going right or we had a bad game, I could look to my left from my right and knowing that in the face of adversity, the guy next to me is going to answer. So it's a grown man business. And that's what it comes down to. And on both sides of the ball, if it needed to be somebody held accountable, nobody were in their feelings about anything. Nobody was judgmental. Everybody knew we needed to step up. And we got a lot of young guys on this team. And with the experience, you just grow and become a better player.  But it just got to be solid from top to bottom. You've got to have some vets that are willing to lead, willing to hold people accountable. And I think that's what it all comes down to. And like I said, I don't know what the future is. But I'm just very thankful for these eight years. How important was it for you guys to help DHOP get his incentives? Oh, yeah, I mean, I wanted DHOP to get that. One of the main reasons he came here was very vocal to him during the all season to get him here. And thankful that I was able to play with him. And it was good to see him go and get those incentives. Shows that he's still got it. I just think he's one of the best receivers in the league and has plenty more in the tank. And I feel like y'all have seen that this year as well. So very happy for him and his family. Very regardless of what happens next season, what has it meant to you to accomplish all that you have, the Pro Bowls, the records, in this uniform with that Titans logo up to this point? Yeah, it means a lot to me. And it just wasn't individually accomplishing those things. I had a lot of teammates that helped me accomplish all those accomplishments and coaches as well. And definitely want to thank our equipment staff, Matt, Joey, Jerome, David Manner, Jordan, Justin, and Trey, who contribute that nobody sees. Make sure I have everything that I have. And I'm ready to go on game days. And even our security, Jeb, that's my main man. And him and John is making sure I'm set anything that I need, anything that I got any questions about, or make me feel at home as possible. So I want to thank them as well. The kitchen staff, Elon, the herd staff, Jeff, I'm going to thank everybody. Jeff, Johnny, Pam, Ms. Marilyn, Chris, just all of them, just making sure that I have everything that I need and all our teammates, because I'm very specific on what I eat every morning, but and Bob with the avocados, making sure that I have my avocados every morning. So I want to say I appreciate them to the cleaning staff, to LaCoya, Johnny, Lee Roy, cleaning that locker room when it smelled like the Nashville Zoo. I appreciate them as well. So I just want to thank even Robbie, waiting on me two hours after the game, the white puff, my guy. I'm just thankful for everybody who's been a part of this journey.  Just want to thank everybody. Nate with social media, and Donna with the pictures, making sure I had everything I had and make sure I looked dripped out when the pictures were posted. So I'm just thankful for everybody and thankful to help me and to get where I am. Even Jim with the great articles and making sure that you put everything out there that made me look professional, a great guy in this community, and everything you represent. I think you're a great guy, man. I think the world of you. And I hope one day you get a chance to be able to write that article about types when the Super Bowl. Maybe you understand that you could, when it's all said and done, be one of the biggest sports figures in this entire city. Do you let that thinking, because I know you're not all about you all the time, but it's pretty incredible. Yeah, I mean, I don't really, you know, it's been some great stuff to come through here. It's hard for me to say I put my name with those guys. And if you consider me as one of the greats, I appreciate it. But I just feel like it's still a lot for me to do to be considered with those. But it's been humbling. God's certainly been good to me throughout my career. It never goes the way you want it to. But I feel like he always comes on that right time when you need him. So just thankful for everything. What's your idea? When you run through the things that are going to be on the list, the legacy, the number of carries you'll be able to get, winning the contract. How are you going to stack or go about stacking those priorities? What do you mean, like? For what's next for you? I'm trying to understand the question. Like when you're trying to talk, where do you go next? Well, I mean, you know, when that time comes, I'll just evaluate and see what makes sense. I ain't getting no younger. So I want to ring. I want to win the Super Bowl. I didn't win in state and in high school. So I'll tell you, before I leave college, I got to get a national championship, so I'm a year eight now. So the Super Bowl is definitely my next goal. And that's what I want to get. So however that comes and however I have to evaluate to be able to get closer to that, then that's what we'll do. All right. What's been your favorite moment at your time here? Yeah, I have to say, I knew you were going to ask me this. And I said, let me think about what's going to be my favorite. Yeah, Jacksonville, the 99 yard. That's how that's when it all started.  So that'd be the 99 yard one. Do you think you had another 99 yard or a year today? I'll show a hope for it. I'll show a hope for it. I was looking, but it just didn't happen. But at the end of the day, I'm just happy how the way the game ended.


Hi. My name is Shamsi Bryn. I'm the user experience and design manager at Archive. And I'm really happy to share an update today on archived efforts towards more accessible research papers. Accessibility means access regardless of disability. And accessibility of research papers is actually very poor right now. Most papers are still accessed as PDF files. And when we began to look into this issue, we learned from research done at the Allen Institute that only 2.4 percent of PDFs are fully accessible. And it's a situation that isn't changing for scientists who face barriers to access. These are also major barriers for young people with disabilities who want to enter STEM fields. And Archive we found was part of the problem. So we began by reaching out to scientists who rely on assistive technology to find out how we could help. And they told us. Add HTML as a new format on Archive. We learned that this was the step that Archive could take to have the most immediate impact on people's lives. I want to share a clip now from Dr Jonathan Godfrey who is a blind senior lecturer in statistics at Massey University who explains why adding HTML is so important. When Archive wanted to address accessibility issues, they heard from me and other blind academics that we had been starving for too long. We had been denied access to their vast back catalogue for far too long. We asked for HTML. We knew that we would not get every last article converted to HTML from day one. We understood that. But having access to 90 percent of a vast back catalogue with relative ease is considerably better than having very poor access to 100 percent of a back catalogue. But adding HTML represents the unique challenge at Archive where 90 percent of our corpus is submitted as tech, mostly different flavors of LaTeX. So we reviewed existing tech to HTML converters and we selected LaTeX ML, a tool from NIST, the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Over the past year we've been integrating this tool into our submission and announcement processes and today we're really happy to report that you can go to most new papers published on Archive and you can choose from PDF or Experimental HTML. I would like to quickly demo what this new HTML feature looks like on Archive and how you would access it. Here we're looking at an abstract page for a paper that was submitted to Archive recently and over here on the right hand side you can see next to the existing link to download the PDF which people are accustomed to. There's now a new link to HTML to Experimental HTML and clicking on this will take us to the HTML page for that paper. You can see there's some new features here that PDF of course can't offer such as a header where we have links that help explain why HTML is important, links to report an issue which we'll ask you to use your GitHub account and the link back to the abstract as well as dark mode which many people find is very beneficial and improves accessibility as well. We also have a navigation here which can jump you to different parts of the paper and more easily navigate. Up here in this error box what we're doing here is displaying areas where the conversion may not have gone exactly right and you won't see this on every paper but when there's a conversion issue we want to be really transparent and open about that and just share with people what's going on but if you find that frustrating you can always close it get rid of it and just have a view of the paper here. We do really appreciate when people report issues so another feature that's built in is if there was an issue for example with this formula you can highlight it and you can report an issue specifically for that selection and you can always of course find the report issues links anywhere you are on the page. Of course this is only the beginning of the journey it's not the end and we heard during our research to not let great be the enemy of good and to go ahead and release HTML before it's perfect. I want to again share this clip from Jonathan Godfrey with his advice to us on the correct approach to accessibility work. Archive has delivered. Archive still has more work to do but the solution that has been put in place allows for ongoing improvements allows for blind people to help advise what improvements could or should be implemented so that the service is even better moving forwards. I want to thank Jonathan for mentioning ongoing improvements because of course making research more accessible is a marathon it's not a sprint and it's really important that scientists with disabilities guide and inform this work at all stages so we will be collaborating closely with these scientists as well as the LaTeX ML team from NIST and others in the ecosystem and we hope to together be able to continually improve the quality of the HTML in archiving and some near-term improvements that you'll see shortly include that LaTeX ML is releasing their next version soon and we will integrate that into archive. We'll also be converting more and more of archive's back catalog to HTML currently only new papers are available so it's a really a rather small slice of the overall corpus. We're also continually discovering and fixing bugs many of them have been reported by readers who are diving in and starting to use this feature and we really thank you thank everyone for their input. We're also focusing our 2024 accessibility forum in September on how to improve the accessibility of math in research outputs. As supporters of open access we all know that if it's not accessible it's not truly open. This is really important work and we recognize we're only able to do this work because we're building on decades of background work like the LaTeX ML converter international accessibility standards and more. We're really pleased to be able to share this brief update and to say let's keep moving forward and inspiring one another. Thank you so much.


All right, so we got a couple options here. We've been sliding the guy by, we're the outside step, and then just breaking out the waist, leaning over, just getting our normal slide on, we bumped, we went inside, and then just getting this guy's hands down to the mat, chasing waist. We also, this guy runs away a little bit, and we look for backside attacks, all right? Now we're looking to off balance this guy is what I would consider it. You don't hear off balance in a lot, unless you really get deep into Greco, talking about off balance in a guy with certain ties, because you can't attack the legs, so it's a bunch tougher to set up your attacks, because I'm not, when you're in a Greco match, I'm only attacking this part of your body from his waist up. So off balance in a guy's really important to be able to get to your locks and stuff, because I can't grab the legs or trip them sweet. All right, with these slide buys, now we got the opportunity to sweet freestyle or folk style, and we still have those methods, right? So we talked about stepping, foot changing last week, we were stepping and bending, and then we were also coming off, and then just twisting down. Now we have all those same tactics, but we're doing it from our over time, all right? And I can guide them by with the wrist or the elbow. All right, so I'm stepping, foot changing, this guy's coming around. Now I have him in a pretty good spot. I still have a little bit of an angle. Now I'm bringing the head back across the foot as I'm trapping it. I'm just trying to put him on his butt. Now, more than likely, he'll start falling to his butt and turn down to his belly, or he might stumble a little bit and we have to follow up with a leg attack. But it's over time, we're on the bicep, at the elbow. Okay, I'm locking at the elbow. I can foot change, or I can just step deep, guide him down right here, and then I still have, whoop, got that foot. And then just work on your timing. Everything's over time locked though. Everything's over time locked. Here, right there, give it that foot. And the quicker I do it a lot of times when I'm here, whether I foot change or tend over, the quicker I do it, here, it's better. Because he's circling away, so he's leaning towards that backside leg, so this near leg is a lot lighter. All right, so just play with your timing. Okay, foot change here, boom, right there.  But really focus on your timing now. Okay, really focus on your timing. As I'm getting to this angle, probably too much space. I want to try to get it here. Okay, initially when I get it, and I'm hooking, I'm thinking about bringing his foot up in front, all right.  I'm here, trying to get a little bit quicker. Don't step out, try to get as quick as you can, even if it's too, right here, even if it's too soon, he's stumbling. Right into your secondary attack. He's stumbling around, just get glued to his legs real quick. All right, but I want you to try to get your kick, get your foot sweep, right when that guy starts running out of your slide body. All right, I'm gonna give it some two on one stuff. Go.


Kosteshar! Kosteshar! Kosteshar! Kosteshar! They're calling for justice, justice. They just came on a long march. Kosteshar! Kosteshar! They're storming into the city. Kosteshar! Kosteshar! Kosteshar! Kosteshar! With those killed, Agnes Asusina, meaning the self-proclaimed leader, families of those who died. Kosteshar! Kosteshar! Kosteshar! Kosteshar! Another one, Agnes Asusina. Kosteshar! Kosteshar! They're saying people demand justice. People will not be silent. Kosteshar! Agnes Asusina. Agnes the self-proclaimed president. It's an assassin. In the cars with the caskets. The family members. Two caskets in this one. Abandoning justice. And accountability for their loved ones. They're shouting, Agnes, we're in jail. Annunciate. Get out of here! I am damned. Agnes Asusina. Agnes has to go. And there's a sign that says, no so most terroristas. We are not terrorists. It's just that the local media has been saying. Local media has been calling them terrorists. Kosteshar! Kosteshar! Agnes! Kosteshar! Agnes! Kosteshar! Agnes! Kosteshar! They're saying, Frenzamentoso. The press rise. We are not terrorists. Agnes! Kosteshar! Agnes! Kosteshar! Where is the press? The press rise. Agnes! Kosteshar! You can see this way. Flooding down into the main square. We're in the Plaza San Francisco right now. Kosteshar! Kosteshar! Kosteshar! Kosteshar! Justice. Kosteshar! Kosteshar! Kosteshar! Kosteshar! And this is going to be a big march led by the family members of the people who were murdered two days ago outside the gas plant where they were doing a blockade as people have been doing all over the country to shut this country down and say no to the coup. And the military came in. Helicopters, tanks, heavily armed shot at the people. And also they're saying to the police in the military, where are they dead? Because they say they're more dead that the military took and have not given the people back the bodies. They think there are many more people killed because there are many more people who have disappeared. So they're calling on the military to give us the bodies. If años no se va, la paz no volverá. So if años doesn't leave there will be no peace here. If años doesn't leave there will be no peace. You can't see the end of this. Look over here. All the people that are here to greet the marchers in front of this cathedral in San Francisco Square. Now they would like to go to the Presidential Palace and the National Assembly, but that whole area, which is straight ahead here, see where that big building is. It's all blocked off and has been blocked off since the coup took control. And so the people can't even get near the buildings where the government is functioning. Before that was totally an open square where people would go all the time to protest one thing or another. Even under every moralist they were free to go there and protest. Now they can't even get into the square. Now there's so many people here it's stopped right now. But I think they'll start marching again. You can see this is the very downtown of La Paz. They've had a long march these people. They've been walking a long way. They're not only very courageous standing up to the military and the police, but they're very tenacious and strong. I've done this march for three days now and it is exhausting from up in the Alto down to La Paz. And they are absolutely determined. They said give us back the people who died in El Alto when now give them back to us. Again they think that the military and the police are hiding a number of the bodies that are the people. Because the local media have been saying oh it's just a small group of people who are protesting and most people are happy that Evo Morales is gone and this quote transition government is in place. So they're saying if this isn't the people then where are the people? Obviously a lot of people. And they are all here denouncing the coup and calling for the removal of this coup government. And many of them have been calling on the UN and international bodies. And also Luis Camacho one of the leaders of this coup they want him out and behind bars. Ave! Unidio! Huh? If you help us, I'll show you. I'm going to come up here for a minute. What are we doing here, Medea? As you can see, this is a huge... Go down into the street. Go down into the street. Can you make it? Now you got it. And when the people came in their police were on this flag they took down the flags in the government center until there was so much outrage about the coup until she and her coup government are gone. So you can see how huge this is and that these are the people who the media has been calling terrorists. We are humble people, we are workers, we are campesinos, we are indigenous people and we will not allow our government to be taken over by this racist, the fascist elite coup. And now there is just a huge division in this country but the majority of the people are indigenous and the majority of the people are against this coup. So here we are ourselves in one day to come down here in massive numbers. So... ... Sometimes you hear that firecrackers and it sounds like bullets. They said at the assembly today. Yeah, that's what they said at the assembly today. And that doesn't count those getting Cochabamba or Santa Cruz or Poteci. It says we are not from any political party. They want Agnes and Murillo the secretary of state to go to jail justice for those who have been interesting to go right to the jail. Hey, this is more...


And gentlemen, with that, we reveal the MindShare eForum content marketing trends 2024. When we have such incredible leadership, first I'd request Mr. Shashank to kindly say his few words. Yeah, that's okay. So good morning, everyone, and thank you very much for this excellent event and very rightly said in his opening remarks, content marketing becoming more and more important. And he mentioned about old marketers with graying hair. He forgot to mention old marketers with no hair. But I remember there was a time when the only plan which you did for communicating with consumers, for getting your marketing messages across, was a TVC or a print, and it was like at a point of time. So it was a 30-second TVC generally speaking. But now it's also about technologies enabling consumers, and the culture itself is changing. Consumers you need to engage with not just at a point of time, but across different formats. We have different media platforms available, and that makes the consumers point for choice. And how do you communicate? How does a marketer communicate? That is where you have to communicate not at the point of time, but also on an always-on basis. And it can be personalized also, technology enables you to do that. So different formats have emerged, apart from the 30-second TVC which still continues. But you have three-second, you have those bumper ads, you have 30 seconds, you have three-minute formats, you have a three-month experience, if you can call it association with things like tournaments or events. So that's three to 30, three seconds to three months. The engagement through content is what this report talks about in detail. And it's very apt and very timely because content marketing has become the most important aspect for any marketer. And I think it's good that we see today the content marketing trends through this report. So thank you very much. And I'm sure this will be of great use for all marketers. And I'm really looking forward to the detailed report. Thank you. Thank you so much. Maybe now request Mr. Amin Lakhani to say a few words. Thank you so much for the opportunity. I can't be more overwhelmed to launch a report in the August presence of one of my most senior clients standing next to me and supporting us in this first ever initiative by MindShare. They keep saying that one needs to walk the talk. But through this report, MindShare for the first time is actually talking the walk. What you will see in this report is actually 100 plus branded content professionals across all our offices who observe this space day in and day out are bringing their observations through the most relevant trends. I call this very specifically most relevant because maybe everything that is new may not be relevant. And many a times many of the relevant things. For example, the 32nd thing that he, that Shashank just alluded to, continues to be relevant in the best and the most effective form of brand communication and it will go on for many, many years to come. So I think the most relevant trend is what we are trying to bring together in this report. What we are also trying to do is to put science into this entire field which is becoming more and more important. But it's our humble attempt to bring science and thought in this space. And the plan is to continue to build momentum and to build our thought going forward in the years to come. So I think that is what the report is gonna be talking about. Yes, three seconds to three months, a great opportunity for all brands who really want to go out over there and deepen their engagement with consumers through great storytelling, through great technology and building great experiences. So I think that is our humble attempt behind coming out with this report and no better place to launch it today for the first time. So thank you very much. And looking forward to hearing from all of you and I hope that you all will also enjoy the report as much as we've done in writing through this. Thank you. Thank you so much. Thank you. Thank you.


When I was in college, I took a course in anthropology, very basic course, like Anthropology 102. And they told us a story about a researcher from, I don't remember where he was from, but some prestigious university, Berkeley someplace. And he went to New Guinea, and he found this very, very remote, very, very primitive tribe. And he asked people, I see you have babies here. He said, this anthropologist went to New Guinea, and he asked, where do your babies come from? And they said, from the mother. And he said, no, no, no. But how is it that the mother becomes pregnant? And they said, jungle spirits, particularly during the full moon. And so the guy went back and wrote this up. And then somebody came maybe from the University of Chicago the following year and said, there was a guy here previously who asked you about where babies come from. And people in this very remote jungle village said, that was just amazing to us. That guy actually did not know where babies came from. We told him this ridiculous story, and he just wrote it down and believed it. People in other places are just amazingly naive.  If I say, when I looked at your questions, I thought, some people are so naive. How could this be a question? I mean, to me, it just seems obvious that, which I think I'm just agreeing with my fellow panelists, liberals tend to believe liberal things, and conservatives tend to believe conservative things. And I think that I'm not adding very much, but let me just restate, I would say, in terms of what Scott Sumner just said. Yes, different epistemic worldviews. I'll give a slightly different formulation to the one that Don Boudreau gave. And I don't know why you want to hear from a non-economist about how different economists think, but it just seems to me the common sense of this is. There's two questions, like basic ones. There's a line in the Federalist Papers. I think it's Madison, who says, we want a government which has the wisdom to discern and the virtue to pursue the common good. And so I would slightly reformulate what Don Boudreau said to say, if you are a, would you call him, a marketist? If you're a marketist, you believe the economy is incredibly complicated and therefore dispersed knowledge is the most important knowledge. And private decision-making is likely to be much more informed. And so you believe society unconstrained or less constrained is likely to make better decisions than the government. The government does not have enough wisdom to improve on market processes. That's one way of putting it. Another way of putting it, maybe I'm adding a little bit here. I'm sure you all know this, but if you subscribe to public choice theory, you think the government doesn't even have the virtue to pursue the common good. If you say, let's have more public spending, you're going to have a whole bunch of interest groups saying, don't give it to them. I want it more. I'll take care of you, do it for me. If you say, let's have more regulation, you're not going to say what will improve the country overall or the economy overall, you're going to have a whole bunch of people pushing and shoving, including a lot of people who work in the government thinking about, what's this doing for me? So it's not at all surprising, I don't think, that the sort of people who think, no, I trust the government not only to know better, but to act on its knowledge. They believe this both about regulation and about spending. And it's not surprising that people who are skeptical about government knowing better or actually having the discipline to follow its supposed insights. The people who are skeptical are skeptical, both of regulation and spending. I mean, it just doesn't seem to me a lot to be explained here. It seems to me like, of course, this is what you would expect. But I had to talk for 15 minutes, so I'm going to just add some other things. I think those two things are probably quite enough. But let me add two other things. And one is the way that Dan is presenting this. It's like, ooh, really, a little bit interesting. It needs to be explained, because these are, like, really different categories. I don't know, somebody could think they're different categories, but maybe the people answering this actually are paying attention to government policy, and they know that in the real world, they're actually not that different.  Just to give two examples from the questions. Do you support tighter water quality regulation? Anyone who knows a little bit about that knows that it isn't just regulation. It's going to be the government, the federal government, financing, sewage treatment plans, water treatment plans. It's going to be actually a package of regulatory controls and spending. Those are not different categories. I would say the same with spending more on public schools. Anybody who has paid even a little attention to it is aware that, well, local communities feel kind of like we're spending as much as we can, so the money has to come from some higher level of government from the state, or even better from the federal government. They don't just give away money. They give away money with strings. They want to make sure the money is spent for what they think it should be spent for. So you're going to have a combination of not to spending, but spending in regulation. So maybe people answering this survey don't even have the background assumption that you do that these are different categories, which should be different. And then finally, just to pick up on what Scott Sumner was saying, it may be this is very much my suspicion about this. People look at this survey and they think, OK, I know what you're really asking. And they're not actually responding my considered judgment because I know a lot about it. It is, yes, I'm for this, but no, I'm not for that. Maybe they're just responding to use your excellent word tribally. Like my team is in favor of this. Let me just give you two examples where I think not from this list, but just how this works in the world. If somebody asked me, I'm from the Gallup, Gallup company corporation, we're from Gallup. And we're just calling you up. Are you for sensible gun control?  I mean, if we're going to have gun control, I hope it's sensible. And actually, I mean, I don't believe the kind of controls we have now. It's absolutely perfect. So maybe we should go more in the direction of the sensible. But I wouldn't respond that way because I understand that what they're actually asking is, which team are you on? And I do not own a gun. I've never had a gun, but I'm not on the gun control team. And all my colleagues are big gun enthusiasts. So I really don't want to undermine support for their view.  But it's coded. People get it. I mean, I tried to think of a sort of liberal counterpart to this. I think if somebody asked you, are you in favor of government help or programs to help teenage girls or unmarried women deliver healthy babies? Again, I think no sensible person could say, I'm in favor of unhealthy babies. But a lot of people might hear that as you mean they should be discouraged from having abortions, and I'm not on that team. So they might answer this just by saying, you're really asking about abortion, and actually I'm in favor of pro-choice. I suspect a lot of people going through your questionnaire thought they were being asked, what team are you for? Cass Sunstein, that was the most amusing thing I thought in the published responses. I don't know if any of you saw this, but Cass Sunstein was the head of the office in the Office of Management and Budget that reviews new regulations. And he said, well, wait, these aren't good questions that you're asking. Should we have tighter water quality regulation? The question you need to ask is at what cost with what benefit? And that's what we think of in OMB, and that's where I have to think of it. And this was, I thought, comical, because it was completely irrelevant to what you were obviously seeking, which team are you on? And if Cass wants to be on a team, which is just him, just him alone, or him and Mrs. Obama, I mean, OK. But yeah, when you get a very short question in the air like this, I mean, you just ask a bit of less than 20 questions which are kind of unrelated to each other, and probably for most people unrelated to their own expertise. It's not surprising if they say, you're asking which side am I on, and I'm going to answer accordingly. So I would say, in conclusion, I think it's a somewhat interesting finding that there is as much polarization as there is, which is what I take to be the finding here. And I think that's kind of sad and disturbing, but just give this caution. Probably we shouldn't make too much of polls. OK, great. Thank you.