All this month get any smartphone 32 giga under for 50% off regular price at Appalachian Wireless better service bigger savings That's today's Appalachian Wireless while supplies last to your agreement required It's time now for mountain music being brought to you by the Mountain Arts Center the main stage of the country music Welcome to another edition of Mountain music this week down at the Mountain Arts Center We have the 2016 US 23 country music highway road to fame winner Tim Elkins Like most in this region Tim's earliest memories of singing and playing music began in church It all started in church, you know any other place any other singer and I actually picked up the guitar when I was a young man and My mom said I've been singing since I was a baby. So, you know, it all come naturally Yeah The last time Tim was on stage at the Mountain Arts Center He was receiving a very special title was when I won the road to fame competition is the last one he had I did one cover song and then I done a song that I wrote They call my name. So it was really Surprising because you know, there's some really good I wish we all could have won it When you live in the country Inspiration for a good country song is everywhere you look it's country in her blood and It's just a song about a country girl and you know, just I guess you're growing up in the country and what they're all about I guess


Thank you very much, Ian. Good to meet you all. I'm joining you from London right now where Seraphim is headquartered. So my name is Maureen Havarty. I'm a VP on the investment team at Seraphim. We're a space specialist Venture Capital Fund. We're publicly listed on the London Stock Exchange and we have about $250 million assets under management. So even though we're based in the UK, we actually invest globally. We have no geographic restrictions. We invest from seed up to pre-IPO. About 40% of our investments are in the US. We have really foreign Israel. We have Japanese investments, Indian investments, Latin European investments. So we feel that we really get to see the entire global space landscape. Some of our portfolio companies that you might be familiar with are ISI, Georbit and Astroscale. So my background, I was a Chief Operating Officer of the Paul Fusion, which was an electrical propulsion space startup located in the Bay Area. We had a great exit. We were required for $145 million by Astra, the rocket launch company, and then I joined them in corporate development. So I'm coming from the space industry. I'm familiar with a lot of the challenges and I've developed some of my favorite pet topics and key areas that I'm interested in space. And thank you very much for having me. So what I want to do today is talk about the broad investment landscape for space and then maybe drill into a little bit into how that ties into space sustainability. So I think everyone here is going to be familiar with Silicon Valley Bank, where VC investors really reveal themselves to be followers of market trends and they're really looking for the next new market to drive returns and maybe given to a group think. So I think you will all be familiar as you are with space, with all of these space trends. But I think what's interesting to look at is what are VC seeing and why are venture capitalists suddenly really interested in space. And when I say suddenly really interested, obviously that's really since about 2018, and that trend really took off in 2021 with some enormous valuations, the DSPAC movement, and just really large rounds. So I'm not going to say peaked because we think that hopefully, space investing will return, but it certainly was the peak so far. So why are what are VC seeing one of the trends of VCs typically look for that are driving them to be interested in space. Well, first of all, we think it's a market that's being disrupted. Obviously, with the advent of SpaceX, but with lots of new space players, it's the move of the government away from funding and working on its own missions to actually buying services from commercial providers. We think that that disruptive atmosphere can generate new market leaders. So that's one of the disruptive factors. The second thing is the huge reduction in the cost of accessing space. That's with launch, but also with the frequency of launch, allowing companies to build cheaper satellites using automotive parts and, you know, launch more frequent improvements and iterations. And across many markets, this kind of market and turmoil market being disruptive, and this radical reduction in cost. These are things that VCs tend to look for as indicators that this is now a market that can drive large returns. The second thing that VCs look for is when they're trying to work out what's going to drive large returns is is the market large enough and to be frank, until quite recently they brought the market probably was not large enough in space to drive venture returns. It really probably isn't only the last five years that's happened. And in particular, I think VCs were extremely shy about investing in things that service the space market itself because that really felt that that was way too small. But now we're on the exponential curve for a number of satellites in space. And what that means is that it's starting to feel like the market is growing large enough to actually drive real returns and ultimately returns are driven by revenue. So it's starting to feel like the market can drive large enough revenues to actually support VC style returns, which for reference, that's totally dependent on the stage that you invest in. But in general, if you invest at seed stage, you're looking for a 50 to 100 X return as risks decrease over time as companies start to generate revenue, then your return expectations drop off to maybe three to five X and much later stage investor. So I think three things that I want to point out here. So what we're on this exponential curve. I just want to really as someone who's calling from the space industry. And you know who joined the space industry in 2017 when the startup I was at pivoted how much the space industry has changed and how I felt to change around me and I'm sure you felt the same thing. I honestly feel that as a VC, I often have to look back and go actually that that first launch that was incredibly recent. I remember that launch. So here are three, you know, three things that almost everyone in the room will remember. And I think thinking about how recent that was and how big the changes have been is pretty astounding. You'll you'll all remember the first Starlink launch in 2018. That was five years ago. And most people think didn't think those would be successful. I think most people thought that the concept of a multi thousand satellite constellation ever was not credible and you know SpaceX proved is all wrong. So obviously we're now in five years later, we've got multi thousand satellite constellations. Obviously that's Starlink, but actually a lot of the other constellations are looking very credible as well. You've obviously got Kuiper. You've got one web just to name two that are extremely credible large constellations. Planet launched their first doves in 2013, which were, you know, cheap CubeSats and now they're generating probably over $200 million in revenue this year and are an extremely credible supplier to the US government. So I think that's an astounding change. You don't think people thought that would happen either. And I think potentially most interestingly, I remember how difficult it was to fill the first transporter mission that launched in January 2021. I believe it took about 18 months to fill out that full, full launch vehicle. And now SpaceX is launching at least quarterly with those transporter missions and they're booked and they're booked out sometime in advance. So I think we had the drivers in the last site as, you know, VC's thought this is a market that's going to change. It's going to change rapidly. And I mean, it's clearly very true. We all remember the events that reflect the fact that it has changed. So why do we think it's changing? What do we think the key drivers of this, you know, potentially multi trillion dollar market are going to be? We've got ubiquitous communications. We have new novel data sets. But I think really it's the new opportunities that are going to be opened up by the falling cost of launch, whether that's Starship or any of the other new large vehicles coming online that can really drive the cost of launch down and that would open up entire sectors that didn't exist before. So I have painted an extremely positive picture up until this point. And let's be honest, it's been a very challenging 2022 and even early 2023 for many startup founders who've been doing great work in a very challenging fundraising environment. So really, we look in our quarterly space index and they're available online for anyone to read. We look back on a quarterly basis. We look at trailing 12 months. And yes, there's a huge drop off 40% decrease in the Q1 2023 from Q1 2022. To be fair, the period that Q 2022 was looking back at was a bumper year. We would consider, you know, 2021 to be just an exceptional year, not necessarily that 2022 and 2023 are terrible years. So we have seen that large decrease. It's not much larger than other industries. In fact, by many measures, it's smaller. Interestingly, we're starting to see a rebound. So Q4 of last year was was pretty terrible. One of the worst quarters we've had in quite some time, but there has been a rebound. That's been driven by European investment for the first time European investment overtook the US, which is, you know, it's never happened before Europe has always lied, especially at the growth stage, but actually European growth investing has really taken off. What we're still doing for the US, which continues to fall, maybe not. To be fair, the majority of capital invested in the US is in these mega rounds, you know, a billion dollar plus rounds, that's simple maths, you know, 500 seed rounds to replace one mega round. So if you need to deploy a large amount of capital has to be in these huge rounds, and we haven't had any of those huge rounds really so that's why the US is low at the other stages, it's actually doing pretty okay. I'm going to quickly move on to talk about our in space economy ecosystem map and why I think that's relevant for space sustainability. Personally, I think one of the key drivers for space sustainability is going to be getting the most out of the satellites that you're launching. If you can get more out of any individual satellite, you'll naturally have to launch fewer satellites and I think that's a really effective way to be sustainable to essentially use your resources more. I spoke about cheaper satellites earlier using better tech. In reality, what's happening is that actually the quality of satellites is starting to improve again, slightly more expensive satellites as companies start to focus on revenue growth. So they're not going back to the $100 million satellites. They're really two to $5 million satellites, but then you can really maximize revenue out of them. And that's why this sector here in space services is exceptionally interesting. This is a sector that probably, you know, VCs couldn't exist. Five years ago, it's sectors that just focus on servicing satellites and constellations in space and having to get the most out of them. So how do these companies help space sustainability and how they help? Importantly, constellations drive revenue, which I think is going to be a real driver of sustainability for them. Overall, togs make sure that you're not missing any coverage gaps, which can be a real revenue loss. So they help you get into the right orbit. You've got refueling, which we think is going to be a key driver for high mobility satellites and allowing satellites to be repositioned. So if satellite can work, it'd be used. We've got space situational awareness, which obviously is like, how do I get out of the way of other satellites? What are the potential satellites that are going to interact with me? And then finally, really importantly, in space communications. So these are any kind of companies that are helping you maximize your data down to Earth. You're not wasting any data you can do in orbit processing, all of which means that you can maximize the revenue from any one satellite. So I think that's a particularly interesting area. And then lastly, what's been the... So this is a reasonably nascent sector. The last really important sector and that one that I think is going to drive the entire space industry is product. So that's anyone who's making a product, a software product, an app, something related to climate often using the space data. And that's really good for satellite providers and satellite constellation owners because that drives consumer demand for their services, for their data, because products really delivers space data to customers that don't even know they're using space data. And that's been something that we've really seen in 2022 and 23. We've been waiting for those products to be developed and really they have come online and that's been very much driven by climate because we know that with space. It allows you to be both global and local at the same time. And that's what those products are leveraging. So I hope this gave you a little whistle-stop tour of space, space landscape and investing. Definitely it's down but there starts signs of recovery already in Europe and we hope that that will be followed soon in the US. And thank you very much for having me. I really appreciate the invitation Secure World Foundation.


Roeddwn i'n meddwl i chi'n fwyaf i chi. Mae'n meddwl i chi, mae'n meddwl i chi. Roeddwn i chi'n meddwl i chi i chi fel yw chywethaf yn ychydig. Mae'n meddwl i chi'n meddwl i chi ddechrau y profesor. I will see how far I discharged that. So I'm here with two roles, I've got 20 minutes. I'm going to give you a lightning tour, a degree of evangelism, about a movement that we're seeing emerge globally that is very much to the point of the open agenda, and it's around open data. I have a couple of roles. I have a role with the British government. In fact, it started from the last government, has been continued under the new coalition government. I'll talk about that, but I'm also a professor at Southampton where I research a next generation web technology. So here's the context. Sometimes you're lucky, sometimes you catch a wave, and this whole notion of open data is something that's erupting everywhere. There are hashtags everywhere on open data, link data, open Gov. Government, cities, organisations, individuals are releasing data for reuse under all imaginable contexts. We were asked by the previous administration, Tim and I were asked to try and do something for the United Kingdom's non-personal public data, government data, make it available, easy accessible. It was partly prompted by the work that the Obama administration had done on coming into office with this transparency initiative and data.gov. So there'll be a data.gov.uk. At the end of this meeting I want to ask why won't there be a data.gov.fr.d...


Sound off for Chesterfield, Chesterfield, low in nicotine, highest in quality, best for you. Chesterfield brings you dragnet. Ladies and gentlemen, the story you're about to hear is true. The names have been changed to protect the innocent.  You're assigned a burglary detail. In the past five weeks, seventeen homes in your city have been stripped of all valuables. There's no lead to the thief. No description. Your job, get him. Before you buy your next pack of cigarettes, think this over. A doctor has been examining a group of Chesterfield smokers with special attention to the nose, throat and sinuses. His latest report, after a full year and a half, says no adverse effects from smoking Chesterfield. Don't you want to try a cigarette with a record like this? Chesterfield, regular or king size, their low in nicotine, highest in quality, best for you. Dragnet, the documented drama of an actual crime. For the next thirty minutes in cooperation with the Los Angeles Police Department, you will travel step by step on the side of the law through an actual case transcribed from official police files. From beginning to end, from crime to punishment, dragnet is the story of your police force in action. It was Wednesday, June 3rd. It was hot in Los Angeles. We were working the day watch out a burglary detail. My partner's Frank Smith. The boss is Captain Wisdom. My name's Friday. We'd just been relieved from stakeout and we were on our way to get something to eat. It was twelve twenty seven a.m. when we got to the corner of Fedora and Ardmore Streets. The cakes and griddle cafe. Here's a couple back here, Joe. Yeah, that's fine. What'll it be, fellas? You got a menu? Up there on the board, huh? Oh, yeah. How's the hash? Doing pretty good. We're out of it. I didn't think a restaurant was ever out of hash. We are. You want to give me a stack of wheat cakes and bacon and a cup of coffee, please? Hey, that sounds good. I'll have the same. But make mine plain hotcakes and sausage on the side, will you? Yeah. Well, you want the coffee now? Yeah, that'll be fine. Yeah, that'll be fine. Coming up. Say, put an egg on my hotcakes, huh? Yeah. Over light? Over light. Yeah. Well, I'm hungry, Joe. Well, I figured that. Is that the morning paper you got there? Yeah, this here. Hand it over, Lee. Here you are. Thanks. What's on the front page? I'm looking at the sports, Joe. A lot of news there. Do you want to know what's going on in the world? Joe, I like the sports. I get the news all the time. My boy is the Hollywood stars one again. Put some nine up. Looks like they might win the pennant. Good. Just stay along, sure you're knocking them in. Who? Stay along. Joe, you're not much of a baseball fan, are you? Yeah, I like to watch the series on TV. It's going to be pretty good. Looks like the Yanks and the Dodgers. Here's your coffee. Oh, thank you. The rest of it will be right here. Good. You fellas knew in the neighborhood, aren't you? What's that? You knew around here, aren't you? Yeah. Stephen's got three heads. Most of our trade is neighborhood people. Come in for coffee and cakes on the way home from the show. I could tell you fellas are new here. Haven't seen you before. Yeah. I'll get the rest of the order. Fine. We got one RBI. What? Stephen's got one RBI. You got a what? RBI, Joe. Run, battered. Oh, yeah. RBI. I know what you mean. I didn't understand what you said. You got to know all that stuff to really watch a game. Yeah, I know that. Here you go, fellas. Wheat cakes and bacon, hot cakes and sauces. Wait a minute. Where's the egg? Inside. Where? Inside.  Yeah. Egg underneath. Here's the syrup. Thank you. Sure had some excitement around here. That right. Yeah. Don't you guys read the papers? He does. Yeah. Sports page. No, no. I mean the front page. What's been going on? He won't tell me. Oh, and the burglaries. Been 17 of them in the last five weeks. It's running the cops silly. Is that so? Sure. They don't know where they're going. They're running them silly. Say, you like a little more coffee? Yeah, I wouldn't mind, please. Very good coffee, too. You make it yourself here? Yeah, thanks a lot. Put a head on this, too. Fine. I've been at least five detectives in here in the last couple of weeks asking questions. Trying to come up with a lead. You're running them ragged. You guys haven't read about it, huh? Yeah, I think I've seen something about it somewhere. It's pretty funny. Just get this picture. Now, get it. A guy. They figured it's one fellow. He walks up to the back of a house. First off, he's sure there's nobody home. Then he walks up to one of the windows and punches a hole in the screen. Jimmy's the window, walks right in and lifts the jewelry in the house and takes off. Just as cool as can be. They figure he's hitting the places between 6 and 9. You get that? Between 6 and 9 p.m. They must have half the cops in the forest looking for the guy. They're running rings around him. How's the case? Fine. Good. We got kind of secret recipe here. Wife made it up. Anyway, I was talking to one of the people who had it.  He said the cops came in and went all over his house, took fingerprints, pictures, all that. Worked in his house for about five hours. Went all over the backyard looking for footprints. And you know what they came up with? No. Nothing. Absolutely nothing. All that time, all those men, and they didn't come up with nothing. He sure got the cops, brother, in circles. You got a check? Check. Oh, yeah, yeah. Here you go. A stack of wheat, bacon, hot sausage and egg, two coffees. I won't charge you for the refills. That's very nice of you. Thank you. This, uh, it comes to $1.25. Tax is $1.29. Okay. You got any pennies, Frank? Yeah. I got two. Here, take a nickel and break it apart. I'll get my wallet, Joe. Maybe I've got a couple in there. Hey. Yeah? Hey, how come you guys are carrying guns?  There isn't any money here. We're police officers. Detectives? Yeah. Oh. Hey, uh, I hope you guys ain't so about what I said about you running in circles. No, forget it. That's all right. Come on, I'll let this one be on the house. Take your money back. Sort of a way to say I'm sorry. Forget it. I'd like to pop for the cakes. No thanks. Thanks just the same. Well, hope you come back again. Sure. Say, just a minute. Yeah. I'd like to ask you a question. About this fella who's been pulling the jobs. Yeah. When do you figure you're gonna get him? When he runs out of circles. The papers had carried the story since the fifth burglary. As the thefts continued, the stories grew in importance. The thief had been operating in the same general area. On each report, the crime lab had been sent out. Pictures were taken, fingerprints were lifted. When the sum total of evidence was weighed and sifted, we were able to establish the fact that we were looking for the same man or men. He was in possession of a one-quarter inch punch, which he used on the screens, and a half inch jimmy, which he used to pry open the windows. From traces of fabric that he left on the fourth job, we knew that he wore cotton gloves. We had no physical description of him to work with, nothing but the M.O. that he used. The stats office had made run after run looking for a lead. The possibles that they'd turned up were checked out, but they netted us nothing. Communications had been gotten off to the rest of the nation asking for information on known criminals who used the same M.O., but the replies were of no help. All recently released convicts from the state penitentiaries and work farms were checked. We found nothing. The pawn shops in the Southland were alerted to be on the lookout for the stolen goods. Again, nothing. Informants and other sources of information were questioned and re-questioned, and at the end of five weeks, we were right back where we started. The newspapers took up the stories in full force. They ran cartoons of the thief picturing him as an invisible phantom who could almost announce the time of the next house breaking to the police and then proceed according to plan without interference. Every known method of apprehending the burglar was tried. None of them worked. Captain Wisdom assigned four other teams of men to the case. Metro Division sent out another two cars to aid in the rolling stakeout. Apparently, we were stopped cold. Two more days passed, and on Friday, June 5th, we got a report of another burglary. 9.36 a.m., Frank and I left the office to check it out. Yes, something you want? We'd like to see Miss Santos if we could. Who are you? Police officers, ma'am. Is Miss Santos in? Oh, well, I'm her. Come on in. Thank you. Come on, come on. Hurry up. I don't want the flies into the house. Yes, ma'am. I never saw so many flies around as this summer. Sit down. Thank you. Can I get you anything? Cup of coffee? No, no, thank you. You don't mind if I have some? No, you go right ahead. Just having another cup before I get started on the house sort of the lull before the storm. Ma'am. The kids are downstairs playing. They'll be up in a minute. They get to run around. It's impossible to get anything done. Yes, ma'am. All I can do is get a second cup of coffee in the morning. Excuse me, Minda, I'll be right back. Sure. Just make yourself comfortable. Thank you. Thank you, ma'am. Now then, this is about the burger last night, isn't it? Yes, ma'am. We'd like to go over the list of stolen articles with you. Oh, that's it. Everything they took. I'd like to check it if we can. Wasn't anything else in the house for them to take? Let's see here. According to what we have in the report, you listed $47 in cash, right? Yeah. Yeah, that's from the jar. Ma'am. Well, we got a little candy jar upstairs. Keep loose change in it. Whenever I have anything left over for my household money, I put it in there. Anthony, he's my husband. Yes, ma'am. Well, whenever Anthony's got any loose change in his pocket, he drops it in there. Adds up in time. $47. Yes, ma'am. You're pretty sure about the amount now. Yeah, you see, we keep a little piece of paper in the jar. Got the amount written on it, so as we can tell how much we've added to it. Mm-hmm. Whoever stole the money didn't take the paper. Just the money. Had exactly $47. Yes, ma'am. Now, you listed Ruby and Diamond Woman's wristwatch, is that right? Gonna use it for a trip to Las Vegas. A big part? We were gonna use the money in the jar for a trip to Las Vegas. Only needed $150 more. Now, we gotta start all over again. Yes, ma'am. Now, about the watch? Oh, yeah, well, they stole that, too. Had two rubies on one side, three diamonds on the other, little gold band. Took that, too. Anniversary present from Anthony. He's my husband. Uh-huh. Gave it to me on our fifth anniversary. February 2nd. Now, you listed Diamond Ring. I wonder if you can give us a little better description of the ring. My engagement ring. Solitaire, not very big. Had on my dressing table on one of those little ring gadgets. You know, the little block of wood on the little stick. Yes, ma'am. You put your rings on it when you're doing the dishes. Not very big. Yes, ma'am. Now, was there anything else of value taken? No. A couple of cheap little costume pieces, a bracelet, a couple of pins. Nothing really worth anything. I can have descriptions of the pieces if we could. I can give them to you. All right, fine. You really think you're gonna be able to catch the fella and took the things? Well, we don't know. We're sure gonna try. Have there been any strangers that you've noticed in the neighborhood lately? No, none that I can think of right now. Any strange cars, ma'am? You married officer? Yes, ma'am. Guy and kids? Yes, ma'am, too. Mm-hmm. I don't know what time she's got to take notice of cars driving up and down the street. Noticing whether people are loitering in front of the house or not. You just ask her. She'll tell you. You men, all the time talking about the modern conveniences, help out the housework, just zip in the house and clean with the vacuum, switch the dishes around. They're all clean with the new soaps. Yes, ma'am. Well, maybe it's better than our mothers had it, but they still haven't come up with nothing short of a straight jacket that'll keep you from having to run after the kids all day. Yes. You ask your wife, she'll tell you. Yes, ma'am. You ask yours, too. I'll tell you what she's got in her hand. Well, then you wouldn't know. Well, you can talk to his wife. Those fellas last night, they gained clues. We haven't checked on them yet, ma'am. It seems like they should be able to tell something about who did it. All that power they was putting around, the pictures they was taking, all the excitement, took me two hours after they left before to get the kids to sleep. All that trouble, they should have something that's gonna get the things back. I should know one thing. What's that, ma'am? A man that stole the watch. Wish they'd taken the book. The record book. It was right in the door of the dressing table. Where those people at the store are, if you don't find them, they will. I don't believe I understand this house. The people where we bought the wristwatch, they'll find them sure. They won't let them get away with it. The watch, it isn't paid for. 1042 a.m., we started to canvas the neighborhood. For the next hour, we talked to the people in the houses on both sides of the street. None of them could add anything to the story given us by the latest victim. 12 noon, Frank and I called the office and all elderly men approached us. He identified himself as Ross Dunham. He explained that he lived in the corner house on the same street as Mrs. Santos.  Yes, sir, we were. Got something that maybe you can use. What's that, Mr. Dunham? Well, I noticed it right off. Didn't want to say anything about it to the Mrs.  Thought it would be better not to mention it. Yes, sir. What is it? Nightfall last Thursday. I saw the car. What car was that, sir? What I wanted to tell you about the car? Well, it was kind of warm night. Mrs. and I were sitting out on the porch and glided, just taking the night air. And then I saw the car go by. Didn't think much about it first. I see. Must have been about 6.30, right after supper. We just sitting there, taking there, having a glass of iced tea. Then I saw the car go by again, slow like he's looking the house is over. Could you describe the car for us, sir? Yeah, got written right down here someplace. The car went by and I think I got it in my wallet. Might have left it in my other pants. I thought you... Oh, no. No, here it is. There it is. Even got the license number. Yes, sir. Is it going to help? We don't know, sir. We'll check it out. Can I have that paper, please? I'll call them, Joe. Have them check DMV. Right. Sure hope it gives you guys some help. The way the burden's been run around here, terrible. The man isn't safe to leave his house. I've been thinking that the officers talked to you last night, sir. You mean when they came out to see Mr. Santos? Yes, sir. No, they didn't. I saw the police car. I thought about going down to talk to them. But the missus would have wanted to know what was going on. Told her about the car and ended up upset her. She's kind of nervous. Bricks hot in a rash whenever anything happens like this. I see. Got just about every kind of ointment in the world. Doctor says it's in her mind, says it's all in her imagination. You believe that? Well, I wouldn't know, sir. You get rashes when I eat fresh peaches. Don't do no more, though. See you in a minute, Joe. Yeah, would you excuse him, Mr. Dunham? Yeah, sure. Mm-hmm. Did you get anything? Yeah. Didn't have any trouble making the car. Got a good suspect. Yeah, who? Guy named Oaks. Oaks? Yeah. Works on a burglary. It's a police car. We thanked Mr. Dunham for his cooperation in the attempt to help us. As a public-minded citizen, he'd done what he thought was right. During the time we'd been working with the police who wanted to cooperate, each of the tips, no matter how remote, we checked out. This meant using additional man-hours and pulling officers off other assignments to investigate the possible leads. But in every event, we appreciated the tips. Three more days passed. The thief hit once more. In spite of the close surveillance we were keeping on the area, he somehow managed to get into the vicinity, commit the crime, and leave without being observed. The pressure from local citizens clubs and insurance companies got a little heavier. The chief of detectives thad Brown's office. The detail and results of our investigation were gone over again. Additional bulletins were gotten out requesting information on the MO. The area of the rolling stakeout was increased to 96 square blocks, that's 2 square miles. A new plan for surveillance was worked out. Under the new conditions, we were able to keep the entire neighborhood under almost constant watch. Additional teams of men were assigned for Metro Division. To date, the thief had stolen $1,000. The check on the pawn shops was tightened, but none of the merchandise turned up in the normal outlets. Every night between the hours of 5.30 and midnight, the dragnet of the area was put into effect. During the next week, the theft stopped completely. Apparently, we'd stopped the burglar, but we still hadn't caught him. Wednesday, June 17th, I checked in for work. Joe? Yeah? I think we've got something. What's that? I was just down the hall with Bates. Yeah. I checked out the guy named Boyd Hall. He was stopped four times in the last week in different locations in the same general area until the officers, he was on his way home. How do you spell that name? B-O-Y-D Boyd Hall. You got his address? Yeah. Better check it out. I ran the name through R&I and came up with eight. Three of them back in the joint, one dead, other four have to be checked out. Descriptions don't fit too well. Let me see there. Yeah, here you are. You better get right out there. Now, let's go. Might be something, huh? I don't know. We turned off Vermont Avenue onto Venice Boulevard, four blocks to the left, and we turned on to Dewey Street, another block and a half, and we pulled up in front of the address. Well, this is 1800. ought to be right. Here. Well, we're still back in a thousand. 1804 Dewey. Yeah. Vacant lot. You are listening to Dragnet, the authentic story of your police force in action. It's so satisfying to know that my Chesterfield is low in nicotine, highest in quality. Chesterfield, low in nicotine, highest in quality. A fact proved by chemical analyses of the country's six leading cigarette brands. And it's so satisfying to know that a doctor who has been making thorough examinations, especially of the nose, throat, and sinuses, reports no adverse effects from smoking Chesterfields. His report is a part of a program supervised by a responsible independent research laboratory and is based on thorough bimonthly examinations of a group of Chesterfield smokers over a period of a year and a half. That's 18 full months now.  Regular or king size? Chesterfield is low in nicotine, highest in quality. Best for me, best for you. Wednesday, June 17th, 848 a.m. We canvassed the neighborhood around the vacant lot. None of the people had ever heard of Boyd Hall. We asked about anyone answering the description listed on the F.I. cards. The neighbors couldn't help us there, either. 11.17 a.m. We returned to the office and we started to check out the remaining four possibles. All of them were able to establish alibis for the time of the burglaries, and they were eliminated as suspects. We got in touch with the officers who'd filed the F.I. cards. They remembered the man. Each of the teams of men who'd stopped him had asked for identification. He'd produced a driver's license, personal cards, and several letters to himself bearing the dewy street address. He told the officers that he'd lived in the neighborhood and that he was returning to his home from a grocery store. The officers had checked the bag of groceries he was carrying and found nothing suspicious and let him proceed in his way. We got in touch with Sergeant Zook at the warrant office and asked him to check and see if there were any outstanding traffic warrants on Boyd Hall. He called back to tell us there were none. APBs and local broadcasts were sent out to the police. We got in touch with the department of motor vehicles and asked them to give us all the information they could on the suspect carrying California operator's license number Z941-511, issued 12552. They checked their files and told us that there was no record of a Boyd Hall being issued that particular license number. They also stated that no number had been given out on the Z series. This left little doubt that the license was a forgery that was passed while we followed down leads. Saturday, June 20th, Frank and I were in position for the night surveillance. 8.30 p.m. Joe. Up at the corner are you getting off the streetcar? No. Maybe. Description fits. I'm carrying a shopping bag. No, let's take a look. All right. Pull up here. It's good. All right. Excuse me, fella. We're going to have to go through this again. Make a pardon? You're police officers, aren't you? Yes, sir, we are. You want to see my identification? Yes, sir. That's right. All right. I'd be glad when you fell as fine whatever it is you're looking for. You know, this is the fifth time I've been stopped. Is that right? Yeah. Here, will you hold this shopping bag for me? Sure. Hey, what you got in here? Loaf of bread groceries. I got my driver's license in my wallet. Here. Would you take it out of your wallet, please? Sure. There. See? Mm-hmm. Boyd Hall. Well, we're sorry we bothered you, Mr. Hall. Perfectly all right. I know you're only doing what we pay you for. I'll tell you what, to make up for causing any inconvenience, let us drive you home, could we? Oh, that's not necessary. It's just a couple of blocks. I don't mind a walk. Don't like to put your fellas out. Don't worry about it.  Really, I appreciate the thought, but it's not necessary. Want to get in the back there? All right. Want to take the shopping bag in front, Frank? Yeah. Go ahead, Hall. Where you guys acted, you think it was something wrong? Nothing is, is it?  Never mind. How long you lived in this neighborhood, Hall? A little while. We just bought the house. About how long would you say? Not long. How long? A couple of months. I think it's right at the next block, Frank. Yeah. Say, I sure appreciate this, but you guys don't have to go out of your way. Just drop me off the corner. I can walk. It's just a little ways down. No, it's no trouble at all. Here we are. Well, I sure want to thank you, officers. It's a real pleasure to know that our taxes are paying for the kind of service you've just got to do. We'll get a little better. Mm-hmm. Never mind. I want to get out of the car and we'll walk up with you. Yeah. That's okay. I'll carry the bag for you. Well, it might be better if I check it. No, no trouble. Now, which is your house, Hall? This one, right here. That's 1802. Then that one's 1806. Let's walk down a little further, shall we? Mm-hmm. That's fine. Now, if we figure correctly, 1804 would be right here, wouldn't it? Don't suppose you're doing it good for us. No, I don't suppose it would. You want to tell us about it? Yeah, I might as well. Now, let's get back in the car. Well, what do you got in this shopping bag? Sure is heavy. Let's see. A box of breakfast cereal and a loaf of French bread. You ought to take this bread back, Hall. Look here. Somebody cut it right in half. See here, Joe? Yeah. All hollered out, punching a Jimmy inside, burglary tools. You want to tell us where you got them? I'll call. All right, let's go, Frank. Yeah. I suppose you guys think you're pretty smart, don't you? No, not particularly. It took us eight weeks to catch it. I should have let it go. I should have gotten out while I was getting this good. Yeah, you should have. How are you going to know? I figured ten weeks and then quit another two weeks. That's all I needed. Where's the stuff you took? Hotel room. You shoved any of it yet? No, that's all there. Every bit of it but the money. I lived on that. Figured when I got enough, I'd hit for the border, sell it in Mexico. I'll stop on the way and pick it up, huh? Okay. This isn't another vacant lot, is it? No, no, this is a McCoy.  Hey, how about it? Answer a question for me? All right. Is there any way to beat it, any way to come out on top? Well, you know the answer to that one better than we do. Hmm? You tried. What do you think? The story you've just heard is true. The names were changed to protect the innocent. On October 15th, trial was held in Department 96, Superior Court State of California in and for the County of Los Angeles. In a moment, the results of that trial. Now, here is our star, Jack Webb. Thank you, George Veneman. Friends, as you heard George tell you earlier, we've received the full year-and-one-half report. It comes from the doctor who's been examining Chesterfield smokers with special attention to the nose, throat, and sinuses. Now, the report shows again no adverse effects from smoking Chesterfields. I think that's very important to you as a smoker, and I hope you'll keep it in mind next time you buy cigarettes and get Chesterfields. Regular or king size, Chesterfields are low in nicotine, highest in quality. Best for you. Lawrence Philip Harris, alias Boyd Hall, was tried and convicted on six counts of burglary in the first degree and received sentence as prescribed by law. Burglary in the first degree is punishable by imprisonment in the state penitentiary for a period of not less than five years. Dragnet wishes to thank the editors of McCall's magazine for their interesting personal story about Jack Webb. Nobody's Man Friday in the current September issue of McCall's. You have just heard Dragnet, a series of authentic cases from official files. Technical advice comes from the office of Chief of Police, W.H. Parker, Los Angeles Police Department. Technical advisors, Captain Jack Donahoe, Sergeant Marty Winn, Sergeant Van Spracher. Heard tonight where Ben Alexander, Peter Leeds, Joyce McCluskey, Harry Bartel. Script by John Robinson. Music by Walter Schumann. Hell, give me speaking. Watch an entirely new Dragnet Case History each week on your local NBC television station. Please check your newspaper for day and time. Chesterfield has brought you Dragnet, transcribed from Los Angeles. Have you tried new cork-tipped Fatima? It's the smooth smoke. Here's why. New Fatima tips of perfect cork. King size for longer filtering and Fatima quality for a much better flavor and aroma. Remember, Fatima has the tip for your lips. Try new Fatima. See how smooth it is. Fatima is made by the makers of Chesterfield, Ligard and Myers, one of Tobacco's most respected names.


President Mohamed Buhari is about now presiding over the National Security Council meeting at the State House, Abuja. The president is expected to be briefed on the latest security developments across the country. Attendees at the meeting include the vice president, Prof. Yemi Oshinbadiou, chief of staff to the president, Prof. Ibrahim Gambari, and the National Security Advisor, retired Major General Babbagana Munguno. Hello. Hope you enjoyed the news. Please do subscribe to our YouTube channel and don't forget to hit the notification button so you get notified about fresh news updates.


Bulgaria secretly sends Ukraine huge amounts of ammunition. Bulgaria is likely to sell a huge amount of ammunition to Ukraine through intermediaries which could significantly affect the course of the war. About it informed, Euractive Outlet. The Bulgarian Defence Ministry has reported that they will supply old ammunition worth nearly 175 million Eurosto. The state-owned VMZ military plant and in return will receive new ammunition. Former Defence Minister Boyko Noyev told BTV in an interview that the goal is for the vast amounts of old ammunition from the warehouses of the Bulgarian army to go to Ukraine. This is the largest rearmament of the Bulgarian land forces in recent history. That's a huge amount of ammunition, hundreds of thousands. There is a huge increase in the price of ammunition and the VMZ will sell this ammunition through intermediaries to Ukraine, the former minister said. This is an amount of ammunition that can turn the tide of the war in some directions on the Ukrainian front, Noev added. The Bulgarian army has stockpiles of Soviet standard ammunition, which the Ukrainian army needs to fuel its vast stock. Euractiv's investigations have reported that arms supplies to Ukraine worth billions of euros from Bulgaria have not stopped despite the official claims of the authorities in Sofia. Defence Minister Dmitar Stoyanov commented that the scheme with VMZ was only agreed to for the purpose of renewing wartime stocks for the army. He added that this is part of the decision of the National Assembly to provide support for Ukraine. Stoyanov did not answer what his ministry would do with the ammunition.


In last week's golf tip, we showed you how to deal with uphill and downhill lies. This week, Mike Kleibauer explains how to deal with those tricky side hills. Once again, we need to fool our body that we're on a level lie. So when the ball's below our feet, we're going to move closer to the ball and we're going to squat more, sit down deeper into our stance to make ourselves feel like we're on a level lie. No modifications in the swing, just make your regular swing with our new setup. When the ball is below our feet, we need to anticipate the ball curving with the slope. So this should curve to the right. So when the ball is above our feet, we're going to have to really choke down on the grip. No other setup, just allow the ball to follow the slope. So this shot should curve to the left. Unlike the uphill and downhill shot where we need to adjust our club, for the side hill lies the ball above your feet, the ball below your feet, we're just going to use the same club and allow for either the draw or the fade. You know, we actually, we do film these on multiple days. He just wears the same stuff every single time. They call them the Steve Jobs of Northern Minnesota golf for a reason. All right, all right. If you enjoyed this segment of Lakeland News, please consider making a tax-deductible contribution to Lakeland PBS.


Hi everyone, Joe for jazzy'scasebrakes.com coming at you with 2020-2021 Panini Donneress Optic Basketball hobby case hobby edition pick your team number 17 half-case from a fresh case a Lot of great stuff here all card ship And big thanks to Everyone here for making this happen Now if you see a little rooftop next to your name Like Sean right there. That means you won that in the filler pack that we did It's uploaded in a separate video. So thanks everyone for taking a chance on that Congrats to the people who won teams Jennifer you ended up with last bot Mojo with the Phoenix Suns Now took us a minute or two to get this done, but we eventually did get it done. So I appreciate it. Thank you You see I had this case reserved for pick your team 17 and 18. I just loaded up 18 So that's that's in a separate video We got Denver at Utah wrapping up right now Utah 19107 with about 35 seconds left. All right Let's select a die Go with that one right there. We'll go one two three for the left side and then four five six for the right side And it's four one two three four five six this side we will save for next time So be for break 18 We use a bolder tipped pen here. So right on that QR code. I'm gonna write 18 You've done a lot of these. Thank you everybody. Appreciate it for now Alright, here we go Got a John Morant on the front looking for one autograph Looking for the photon prism short prints a lot of different stuff. Good luck everybody Thanks for hard. Yeah, I got I got this sort of Star Wars gi Joe shirt. This is a target purchase Anthony, what's a real talk? How good are the bowls? I mean Yeah, they're I mean, they're pretty good. They're for no, right? I think multiple people different people have have been very excited about the bull start For no for the first time in Lord knows how long, you know, who one of the when are they playing next? I think they're playing the that's gonna be a good game bulls nicks on the 28th in a couple days. I should be a fun one, but Yeah, beating the pistons being the pelicans being the pistons again and the rafters for no After their best art according to ESPN since 1996 97. I'm excited about him Right, I think think Lonzo ball I'm a fan of Southern California kid Lonzo ball former Laker Can distribute the ball really well As a has developed a better shot, I mean that that fall distribution is great for that team Zach Levine doing what Zach Levine does DeMar de Rosen on that team youngsters like Patrick Williams Nikola Vusevich for a full season with the bulls You got Alex Caruso off the bench. I mean, that's that's a I'm just glancing at that squad. That's pretty good You know once uh Kobe white gets healthy and Kobe why can start contributing? I mean Kobe why that he might be great off the bench. You know, yeah, that that's a fun team That's a that's a very fun team. All right, Mark Mark. Delora has a ton of Lonzo rookies. You need him to do great Yeah, that I'd be hashtag good for the hobby There's bam out of bio to 59 That's for the heat That's gonna be for Adam Kelly who won that team Joe Wiggins had a nice game today There's DeMar de Rosen 99 out of 199 like that addition of DeMar's arose into that bulls team. There's Yanis There's obi toppen Westbrook to 49 Lakers with a win today That's still wizards Westbrook going to Peter and the wizards won that team right there Obi-toff and just the base rated rookie for Mike and the New York Knicks were also looking good D'Angelo Russell 144 out of 149 line green teat wolfs Adam Kelly There's Karusha right there and there is a photon short print. That's Ricky Rubio Minnesota Yeah, and then he sings good to have a good to have a team to be excited about in Chicago Right bears cubs black Hawks not so great. White Sox doesn't count for you. There's Andre drum into 149 And there's cash of Stanley, there's our autograph rated rookie hollow Pacers Joshua Chitwood won the Pacers in that filler get rewarded with an auto I mean so their next game is against the New York Knicks who's who are also kind of an up-and-coming team That's an NBA TV game that should be I still have They have basket TNT on Thursday nights that should be a TNT game But anyway That's gonna be that's gonna be really interesting Bulls for bull bulls hosting the Knicks So I mean and if the bulls take care of business there, then I think the excitement level has to keep increasing Their next games bulls posting the jazz I mean jazz are a great team if they can be competitive or even beat the jazz Whoo At Boston beat the beat the Celtics on the road Then go to the Sixers two games against Sixers at Philadelphia then hosting Philadelphia beat those guys beat Brooklyn beat Dallas beat Golden State Clippers Lakers Trailblazers Denver. I mean there's there's a lot of there's a lot of games with big teams where they can really They can really showcase their talent right there rex so which NBA player is worth dusting off right now I Don't really know. We're still kind of early in the season all versus Jordan pool Yeah, Jordan pool not a bad Rookie to dust off and kind of kind of see if you have new viz stuff laying around Keldon Johnson, maybe any of those first guys Lonzo. Yeah, what about Lonzo? I still You know, I'm still I would buy low on on Kobe white With the bulls getting a lot more attention and having a pretty young and exciting team You know Kobe white can kind of ease his way back in without too much pressure. You know, maybe come off the bench With Alex Caruso kind of run the floor with him they could be a good good second unit. I think that That that might reignite his his value in the hobby was PJ Washington to 149 Lime green for Sean Maddock and the Charlotte Hornets More obi-topping Nikola Jokic to 99 100 to 199 Saban Lee 89 out of 99 Detroit that's gonna go to shang with the Detroit Pistons There's Keldon Johnson Andre Drummond to 39 and CJ Elaby signature series Nice rookie auto for Kevin And the trailblazers there you go Kevin Thanks for picking your team however long ago. Thanks for your patience Get a CJ Laby autograph Andre Drummond black velocity 7 out of 39. Yeah, Cole Anthony could be someone to someone to dust off Yeah, Chang saying yeah Bulls 1 4 against trash teams to be honest though. Yeah, I know We talked about a little bit That's why that game against New York in a couple days on Thursday is gonna be a big test So if they look good there if they win there I mean That hype train is gonna pick up some more steam, but yeah the next four games You know, I mean they could easily be four and four After the next four games Nick's Utah at Boston at Philadelphia They end up eight no, I don't know if they're gonna beat all four of those teams, but Three in one Even two and two Going back to Rex's question about hey, are there any like up-and-coming rookies that we should take a look at? I think sometimes Going back like a couple years You know, you can start seeing some people from like 2019 Right sorry, I mean we all know about Zion and John Morant, but I mean you could probably buy low on RJ Barrett third overall pick in 2019 Right. That's the also the Kobe white year Darius Garland, I think Darius Garland Collins Sexton have been playing well together You know, maybe there's still some upside on Hachimura. I think Atlanta fans are excited about Cam Reddish really starting to emerge You know no Kendrick none on the on the heat So rookie Tyler hero Getting some more minutes could make some more noise Damboya You know Matisse Tybal, you know, they're like Matisse Tybal, I think is a great one too from from 2019-2020 sets because nice Anthony Edwards here for the T-Wills Adam Kelly because if Ben Simmons doesn't play or Is traded it's more minutes should be more minutes for Matisse Tybal Yeah, Mark's regretting not getting pool rookies Anthony saying watching the Bulls feels that team chemistry is already at mid-season level. It's Kevin Porter, Jr Danila Galanari to 99 and a redemption any guesses on that redemption for bragging rights Let's see how that chemistry is when when their first losing streak happens You know see that those are like the little tests and if they can survive those even if they're losing and they're still playing well You know, then then there's a lot to be encouraged about but so far so good. I Want the Bulls to do well that'd be hashtag good for the hobby There's Eric Bledsoe 98 out of 149 Pelicans and a rated rookie hollow Coal Anthony there could be some upside for this guy. He had a pretty good game the other night Matt Lieber with the Orlando Magic Oliver guessing Killian Hayes for the Pistons I think he is kind of a common one here, but let's see what we got rated rookie signatures gold it's J O S Josh Josh Green Rated rookie signatures gold Josh Green is for the Dallas Mavericks Arizona Wildcat and that'll be for Tim. No check that Larry who picked up the Mavs straight up and a free top loader That card is gold halfway through this half case break Second half is in the store if you want to pick your teams Get him before they're gone. Yeah, that's right. He is a He is Australian bronze medal I guess yesterday Warriors Steph Curry and Hornets forward Miles Bridges were named Western and Eastern Conference players of the week Hornets are a pretty good team, right? They got Lamello Terry Rose here Gordon Hayward Miles Bridges Mason Plumlee Make some noise there. There's Mitchell Robinson three out of 59 for the New York Knicks playing some good basketball Mike with that one Donovan Mitchell 82 out of 99 Peter with the Jazz And he's wondering if anyone else's pumped for college basketball This year, you know, I need to watch more. I don't watch enough college basketball College sports is something that I don't watch enough of I don't know if I have enough hard drive space To to absorb all of that. There's BAM out of bio 44 out of 199 The Pocosefsky going to okc for Jesse the BAM out of bio for the heat that will be for Adam Kelly Can be Walker There's a James Weissman rated rookie And the cash is Stanley rated rookie hollow That's for the Pacers that'll be for Joshua the James Weissman will be for Sean in Golden State. I got Aaron Naismith 17 out of 99 Dominators rookie autograph for Boston Larry with the Celtics There's a Tyrese Halliburton for the Kings that'll be for Sean Edward started off the season pretty pretty well Rex At least I know I was seeing some highlights of him already making monster dunks Yeah, I think he scored 29 points his first game 19 points the next game 28 points the next game Making some highlight dunks Hey, there's Anthony Edwards speaking of the devil rated rookie hollow for Adam Kelly and the Timberwolves In three games. He's averaging 25 eight and almost four assists nice Miles Turner pink velocity 73 out of 99 for the Pacers Joshua we got of the rookies hollow James Weissman, and we got Sadiq Bay 188 out of 199 Rex, I think that what kind of Anthony Edwards is just a base card. Is it a is it a Jersey auto? Out of impeccable. That's pretty nice. I mean Anthony Edwards Rex. You're pretty much you're not I mean, you're not really selling it now You're holding on to that for a little while, you know, there there are some players like kind of like stocks, right? There's some players where maybe you're buying and trading you know buying and selling some players more often, you know buying the dips and Selling at the high maybe maybe some players you're doing that sort of thing, but I think some of the top tier guys You know you probably just want to Want to protect it throw it throw it into Throw it into a back of a drawer somewhere You know and let these players like Anthony Edwards is only a second year, right? So, you know It takes takes some players, you know, I Don't know. I mean how long did it take Jordan to like win his first title? It takes players a bit of time to just kind of marinate Even if they have great seasons to just start off Took Kevin Durant a little bit of time to get to where he needs to be so take some time for them to vell All right second the last box. Good luck. We've got Danny a visa lime green 96 out of 149 And Tony Bradley for the Sixers eight out of ten and work on expanding that autograph a little bit, Tony That goes to Matt Lieber and the Sixers Another James Weissman raided rookie you can find some parallels of that card Sean and the Warriors We got Malachi Flynn raided rookie hollow. There's a manual quickly. There's Killian Hayes 77 out of 79 for Detroit It's gonna go to Shane Man, you'll quickly just a great bench player Future starter maybe on that Nick's team Mike with that one. I've heard people Seeing some upside in Malachi Flynn There he is hollow Toronto John Alfie is with the Raptors Got a John Morant red 43 out of 99 star gazing red parallel Yeah, he did Tony. Tony Bradley may need to go to Jaspy's autograph cam work on that auto Zeke Najee one out of five Rated rookie green. You're like Zeke Najee gets minutes here and there. Does he not? Because there be some upside for this guy Let's look at the Jaspy the Nuggets one twenty two to one ten Zeke Najee. Did you play no DNP coach's decision? Maybe maybe he'll work his way back into the squad. All right Nuggets though Tim Warren Out of fives and under get the train whistle All aboard the Big Head Express Ruin for him to get some minutes increase the value of that card. There's Eric Gordon on the back right there Yeah, well that Anthony Edwards is probably another one you should hold on to Rex even that base card I mean impeccable is a nice set too. So that might impeccable might even grayed out decently. I Know some thick cards don't grayed out very well, but I feel like I feel like impeccable could be a good one that could grayed out pretty nicely Might research what some of the graded ones go for if any But if it's about a hundred bucks now then I mean I What would a what would a a playoff run do for his value? You know, what would a what would an MVP do for his value if he could win one in the next? I don't think it's crazy to think that a number one overall pick could win the MVP in the next I Don't know five years Still pretty young Be a three four five hundred dollar card. Oh, it's the Timberwolves get their act together and You know take that team to the play they got some good players on that team take that team to the playoffs do a little damage Could be huge. I'm a Rudy go there or you'll catch that is All right final box second half in the store Ladies and gentlemen, so pick your teams we could run this back We should run this back. We will run this back. It's just a matter of when will we run this back? Hopefully sooner rather than later 27 out of 79 Nikola Vucevich pink velocity For Orlando Matt. Yeah, I was I was just saying that a little bit earlier Oliver the Tyler hero another another name to Another rookie name to kind of take a look at you dig back dig up his old rookie stuff Jordan and warra rated rookie on card autograph Maybe he can blossom Joshua Chitwood Join the filler won the Milwaukee Bucks gets the Jordan and warra auto Deandre Hunter going to Atlanta Eric to 199 other James Weissman for the Warriors PJ Washington Orange 47 out of 199 Charlotte Sean See Isaac a coral could you know calves? Could develop into a pretty good team of calves. There's a manual quickly. Maybe future Future six man of the year the way he's playing Excellent energy off the bench Saban Lee red 73 out of 99 Jalen Smith and Jimmy Butler at the very end the Saban Lee goes to shing and Detroit and there you go gang Another great break in the books. That was 2020 2021 Panini Donner's optic basketball hobby edition Six box half case from a fresh case pick your team member 17 pick your team 18 in the store right now You just some of the the highlights that we had here There's the photon Ricky Rubio ton of parallels all sorts of great stuff Let's do the next one Jaspy's case breaks comm. I'm Joe Jaspy and I'll see you next time for the next break. Bye. Bye


Why don't you take a seat right here and this as you know is because of our own and yes she rides I take it she does and very seriously and she oh and what the type of bride what does she do hunters jumpers she does some jumping but mainly for the show. Well we have a lot of fun talking about saddles and everything else politics and foreign policy don't go to the core of her life. You can tell her that for 37 years I rode one family of horses until just recently I rode a mare and then as the years began to pile up she gave birth to a daughter and I started riding that daughter and then subsequently sometime later the mother bred again and this time a colt and so the daughter came past and left us and then I rode the son and then just a couple of years ago at the ranch he came to the end of the line and I added it up I'd ridden those three 37 years total she'd be interested in that you're not. I read the beginning of that story in your autobiography when you first shared the horse with someone who was involved in a movie with you I think it was. Nino Pepitone yes a former officer in the Italian cavalry. Let me tell you what this strange interview is all about. He's ordered up by my editors on the mind of Ronald Reagan. I think the impetus for this is really the sense that here you have been a tremendously successful governor and president and yet there is little sense of thinking behind your decisions even now and I guess I've been dispatched to do this piece and to talk to you today not in any way to debate any of these issues but with all due respect to probe to see what the memories and associations and analyses and anecdotes go into how you've done your job all these years and it's in that spirit that I will be asking these questions. All right. The first is a question that I guess has plagued you throughout your political life. Why do you think you've been underestimated time and again? Well now underestimated by whom? I thought you were going to answer that. I think by people who write about politics not only in the press but in academia. A lot of the books that have been written about you almost start off with this question. People tend to underestimate this man the legislators who deal with you the press that deals with you. Well as I was going to say the polls kind of indicate that the job rating right now is very reassuring even including in your own paper. So that's why I answered with a question but I think maybe part of it is of those who do. I think part of it is because of my previous profession. You know it was only a generation ago that actors couldn't be buried in the churchyard so I think that must have something to do with it. Do you think it's also because you've not put yourself forward first as an intellectual governor and an intellectual president that you operate on a different level that that has something to do with it? Well it could be I've never thought about that. You know my own interest in this was on my own. I was always a participant when I grew up a Democrat and a New Deal Democrat and I was always been a history buff and then as the years went by and getting into the business that I was in in Hollywood I've often described it as that if you don't sing or dance in Hollywood you wind up as an after-dinner speaker because the request for personal appearances is very great and having begun as a sports announcer I had been exposed to the mashed potato circuit by way of football banquets and so forth when the seasons were over and this continued in Hollywood becoming a board member this is what I mean by a participant of the Screen Actors Guild and six times president of that union I found that I was when I wasn't involved in a picture I was invited as a speaker to various groups and I usually I started out then doing as I did when I was in sports and spoke on sports I started out talking about Hollywood and about our own industry and gradually to tie it into if you're talking to a Chamber of Commerce banquet why should I be talking to them about Hollywood I used to point out examples of how because of our penchant for publicity and not good public relations and because of the things that people believed about the profession the industry we were victims for discrimination but if I may you say you're a historical buff part of this underestimation may be that that knowledge is in portrayed in how you explain your policies that people have a sense of humor as a president operating on the basis of his own personal political experience and instincts rather than a sense of history well yes but but you you have to have an historical background for I think really sane policy decisions but for example in making those speeches and talking about things I found that and I did my own research might and read a canned speech or anything and I found that some of the things that I was criticized for example what I thought was tax discrimination against the people of the industry that I was in and no one to stand up for us because who's going to feel sorry for gay mad Hollywood and but I would then draw parallels with what could happen to other industries and businesses well pretty soon people were telling me what was happening to them and there came a day when I had turned completely around from New Deal Democrat to a belief that government had grown beyond the consent of the governed and that it was government that was contributing to our economic woes and incidentally not an intellectual but my degree was in economics and I converted myself and began talking about the things that I thought were wrong and that needed changing in government. What historical events guided your thinking and your change in thinking about government at that time? What were the dominant historical events that you think shaped your thinking outside of your own personal experience? Well it was pretty much the thing that this country started out with this great belief in the individual and individual freedom in government as close to the people as possible meaning as much at the local and the state level that we're a federation of sovereign states and then I saw that as the federal government grew and kept on growing and usurping most of the tax resources that the that that was disappearing this very basis of our system that the states were in danger of becoming administrative districts of the federal government not sovereign states and that government was engaging more and more in a kind of adversarial relationship with its own business community. But this again rests a good deal on your own personal experience. What historians did you turn to or what people did you turn to to flesh out your own personal sense of this? Well it would be I am a voracious reader and it would I I couldn't pick out this but for example Jefferson and Jefferson's line that if the government tells us when to sow and when to reap we shall soon want for bread Franklin Delano Roosevelt and this is history that I think there are a lot of Democrats up there in the hill that don't know anything about Franklin Delano Roosevelt in 1932 in the depths of the depression campaigned on the need to reduce government spending by 25% the need to restore to local communities and states and individuals powers which he said had been unjustly seized constitutional rights by the federal government to eliminate useless boards and commissions and departments of government how many remember that the new deal started with the president that that was his philosophy so it was a case of of not only the past and that and seeing where we had gone astray when I was studying economics we knew that the classical economists back at the turn of the century in looking at our so called business ups and downs are hard times as they call it that would periodically come on their theory was that they came on every time government went beyond a certain point in the share of the private sector the gross national product that government took for itself that government then became a drag on the economy and so with respect Mr. President I don't think you answer my question about why you've been underestimated because you know this is this is something that's followed you wherever you've been you've been successful and yet the writings have raised all kinds of questions about it why do you think that's happened well frankly I've had a feeding that some of them who were writing that way do it because they know very well what I'm trying to do and they disagree with it so they they write in that fashion so I think this is more reflection of different political beliefs that's right then it is a fair look at what you've been doing yes and they many of them are inheritors of that era of the big federal government and federal domination and they don't want to be proved wrong and move into a second area that's related to this as governor's president in your experience with the Screen Actors Guild you were faced with a lot of situations where your advisors and experts all loyal to you would have different viewpoints on a problem different suggestions how do you and how have you decided between them what goes on in your mind in your head well faced with these different views from the experts who know all those details facts well you were right in starting off with president of the Screen Actors Guild because I found myself heading up the guild in the first and only strike that it had ever under ever and the strike was forced upon it I also found out that the membership sort of listened to what I was advocating and our conduct in that strike and so forth and I was worried that I was the welfare of some 30,000 people was hinging on decisions that I made and I made up my mind as to how I'd make those decisions on a straight basis of what I in my own mind could believe was absolutely the morally right thing to do when I became governor I look back now and think it was pretty significant I created a cabinet style government and I think it was unusual California there and then I told the cabinet members that we were going to operate like a board of directors with one exception we wouldn't take a vote when I'd heard enough I'd make the decision but we wouldn't sit there with one cabinet officer reporting on his particular area and everyone else remain aside we the round table whatever issue policy came before us and I told them that one thing I did want to hear was the political ramifications of any issue I wanted only to hear debate on was it good or bad for the people because the minute you start thinking about votes and political things it's a little bit like seeing a player's card you can't take out of your mind that you know where that card is no matter how honest you want to be so I said I don't even want to hear the political ramifications I listened to them then I encouraged them I wanted to hear every viewpoint I wanted to hear the pros and cons and if I didn't hear enough in one session for me to make up my mind on this I'd say we'll come back tomorrow and you'd be surprised that kind of a meeting and discussion that had been going on tomorrow when they came back you'd be surprised the number that would have changed or modified their previous positions as they had all night to think it over and come in not for any other reason except you know I see so-and-so's point on this and this and this whatever it was and then I made the decisions well we do the same thing here well you have been faced with a lot of situations where your advisors really did disagree and it's legitimate to disagree yeah based on the jobs they have the perspectives they're bringing to bail on deficits difference between Mr. Regan and Mr. Stockman on Lebanon between Mr. Weinberger and Mr. Schultz what goes through your mind when they don't agree when that next day they don't come back how do you decide I have to decide on the basis of all that I've heard and they all know now I think that we can disagree without being disagreeable because when I finally come down on one side of the other it isn't a personal thing that's saying I'm on his side or his side I give my reasons as to why it gels with what I myself think and that for that reason we're going to do the following this is it and sometimes somebody's a loser and sometimes somebody's a winner but they all understand that and I think they accept my making the decisions that way but is your instinct to try to get them to reach a consensus first do you prefer that oh well of course it's much easier if everything that the really tough issues are the ones in which there's so much right on both sides you know it's awfully easy if someone is so patently wrong you say look this is the the morally right and this is the thing that's going to be best for everybody to make that decision but when you have to say gosh darn it he's saying things over there that that makes sense also and then you have to weigh it but against this over here what what is the drawback there and where are the least drawbacks and and the most good things on a situation like Lebanon which is just a God awful series of decisions that you've had to face you hear from your advisors do you call anyone beside them do you try to read any books about Lebanon how do you bring your own self to bear after you've heard your advisors speak sometimes I leave without making a decision and come in here and then as you say I review the bidding and all that's going on maybe I call somebody for a little more explanation on a point that was made in the meeting and did they want to amplify it or not and then on the basis of those things I make the decision but you call people beyond your own official advisors for example your wife lots of people think their wives understand them better than they understand themselves oh Nancy and I talk about things we have a happy marriage and like any happy marriage sure I there no secrets I go upstairs and tell her and what it is we're talking about and we hash it around and and talk about it sometimes we wind up a disagreeing but again without being disagreeable and many times it helps to talk that out and to hear someone else's reaction to something and you say well what I hadn't thought about that but essentially you look to your official advisors yes and as they and most of the issues are privy to move to all the information and all the facts on the case but it it's worked and I've I'll tell you I don't think there have been many cabinet cabinets that have met in this same way in the past you know I have some cabinet members who've been in other cabinets and evidently before it was sort of a reporting thing of what is and no one getting into the other fellows department but I can't find many issues in which there are several departments that are involved in it and I've had this experience of early on now we don't hear too much anymore but early on some of those who've been in other cabinets we finished a cabinet meeting and I've had them various times say this is the most substantial productive cabinet meeting I've ever attended they never had that kind of a round table discussion you've been through this for four plus years now has it changed you at all has it changed any of your thinking in any ways what have you learned from the four plus years oh my well you'd have to start way back to those eight years as governor of California for that that I guess is where the greatest learning came because as I say for years I'd been out talking about government oh I was assailed by a lot of people and praised by others for views that I expressed on what government should do but then to find yourself in a position to do it one thing I learned there and I've learned it and it's continued here the learning it was a shock to discover how long it took to get some things done bureaucracy does not move swiftly but that too and that incidentally is what made it I thought it was going to be very dull I had never wanted to hold public office in my life when a group came to me and suggested that I seek the governorship as an instrument of helping to put our party back together after the great divisions in 64 I thought they were crazy and I didn't want it and I loved the occupation I was in I thought well you know I can help fundraisers and things my reason of being in show business and so forth told them fix someone else and I'll help campaign for them and I really Nancy and I we lost a lot of sleep and finally we were reduced to saying what if they're right what if I can win the office for for the cause I believe in it but we finally had the job and I thought it would be a great change but I just let me just say this one thing that it didn't take very long to realize being able to actually deal with it rather than just make speeches about it I found it more exciting than anything I'd ever done in my life but did it also change your views on some things let me be specific before you became president one of the major issues for you was the question of deficits something you you did a lot to erase in California it's been different here also beforehand you had deep questions about issues such as the Panama Canal Treaty or the salt to treaty but in office you've behaved differently about these things well the two treaties had came on come about before I was here now the Panama Canal Treaty yes I was opposed to it but have you ever heard what it was that I suggested as an alternative can recollect that I well I suggested that since all of the Americas here that canal was vital to us to our trade and all I suggested why don't we internationalize it and have a board of directors of the canal that consists of representatives of all of the countries to whom that canal is important but you've held to the trading nonetheless that would have been that would have taken it away that would have been internationalized allow Panama to have the sovereignty over the territory but I mean as president you've held to the treaty well held to the salt to treaty well it's passed well the salt to treaty no my objection to the salt to treaty was because it legitimized the arms race the salt to treaty was a treaty that simply set a limit as to how fast and how much you could increase the number of strategic weapons and I believed at the time that it was well past time when we should be talking treaties that reduced the number of weapons and I said repeatedly the same time I criticize salt I said I will agree to sit at a table as long as it takes to bring about a treaty that will start the reduction of nuclear weapons and hopefully one day the elimination of them totally the thing that we're doing now in Geneva but also let me explain that when I inherited this agreement that the two countries were sort of observing the terms of the treaty even though it was not formalized I learned that the Soviet Union had a capacity to increase weaponry much faster than the treaty permitted we didn't we had shut down the only missile line we had operating in this country we had to start from scratch to try and catch up with our deterrent capability under the mad policy of mutual assured destruction that we needed a deterrent enough that would prevent them from the first strike from starting such a war because we could perpetrate as much damage on them but they wouldn't want to take it and so I said and I found the chiefs of staff agreed with me that because of their superior ability to increase the arms and we were trying to catch up that this agreement that had been reached this informal agreement about both sides observing the terms of the treaty fine with me because we couldn't produce as we started as fast as the treaty would allow us they could produce faster so we stuck to it but as we've seen them when it was to their interest break the treaty or that agreement and produce something that's why this time as it came time to make a decision I said we will continue as long as they continue but we will do it consistent with their observance of the treaty but if they go off on their own on something and there's something that is advantageous to us to do the same we'll do the same but there is a sense that there's a real difference between a lot of the Reagan campaign rhetoric and Ronald Reagan is president of the United States that your rhetoric was tough on almost everything I was going to cut all the deficits I'm not going to stand by this fatally flawed salt to treaty but then as president your behavior turns out to be much more moderate no I didn't say with what's happened no I didn't say about not keeping the treaty or anything I was one of who openly stated my belief it should not be ratified well a Senate whose majority was of the same party as the president refused to ratify it and I agreed with that then I came and found this agreement but I also learned things I didn't know about their capacity for building as versus ours I was not prepared for how how far down we were in military capacity what had been done to us over the years and how far we had to go to rebuild and with regard to the deficit yes in the early in the campaign for president I turned to the best economic advisers that I could find for any comment economic plan and under the terms and the things that they told me yes they themselves said that we could under a proper economic plan and the deficit within a span of years that like by 83 84 that this could end the deficit but what no one has paid any attention to is that in those several months that then took place beyond that plan my announcing of that plan I announced it one day in the summer in Chicago I think those same experts had to come back and say wait a minute the economy has done such a thing that no it can't be done by that time and I said that I couldn't say anymore that we were going to balance it in those couple of years because 20 and a half percent interest rate double digit inflation unemployment that was was coming on the automobile industry literally shut down those things which also is another indication of why we should be very careful about economic projections because there's limit beyond which they can't project so they themselves had said these circumstances they weren't there when we made this original thing so if the circumstances change it calls for a different kind of decision by you except that the economic plan because it was an economic plan that was aimed at doing that we put into effect the I this charge that I'm responsible for the skyrocketing of the deficits ignores what was happening to the deficits in previous years yes they're bigger now than they've ever been they aren't quite as far out of line if you take them as a percentage of gross national product I remember it was consistent with what they've ever said before you're not really saying that are you well let's look all right while I had to engage in something I didn't have to do in California name of the military build up but we set out to reduce the size of government we set out to eliminate useless programs we set out to restore as much as possible to local governments and states authority over programs as a governor I had seen these grants for federal programs that we then administered in the state and the regulations that came with the red tape and as governor I had to I was able to say if we could do that program without those restrictions we could do it for a lot less cost and make it a lot more efficient and do a better job so I brought that with me here now we took some dozen specific grant programs categorical grants and we coupled them into block grants combine them and the difference with the block grant is you don't have all of that specific dictating exactly how each program is run in just one situation of that kind the pages of regulate regulations went down from 805 to 31 that were imposed on the local and state governments for managing those programs I said that I felt that the federal government had usurped too much of the tax part of our economic program even with a recession on was to reduce taxes which we did I'm still holding that taxes are not to be raised because right now I think it would be a drag on the economy again and we face problems again but you're not telling me you haven't changed on any important issues because that's almost saying you haven't learned anything on the job well no I'm talking about the basis of the place of government and what it should do we have reduced the domestic side of the federal government by about a hundred thousand employees all of these are important to us these are I'm continuing the same things that we did in California the only thing that difference was in California I had one big help when I went into office and discovered in the middle of the fiscal year because you take office in the middle of that year that the government was spending at a deficit rate considerable deficit had been piled up in those six months already the California Constitution says you can't have a deficit I was responsible as a brand-new government for having a balanced budget in six months and that's why in spite of campaigning against high taxes I had to ask for a big tax increase because we couldn't implement enough economies in six months to overcome what I inherited now I saw the people though when we increased those taxes why it was necessary and told them also that as soon as we were out of the hole we'd start giving that money back and the first time that Cap Weinberger then my finance director came in and told me that we were going to have a hundred million dollars surplus and he said because since you've been here you haven't been able to do maybe some of the things you'd like to do because of the economic situation I thought I'd tell you first before the legislature found out about it because I had a Democrat majority in both houses then too I he said maybe do you have some favorite program or something and I said yes I do let's give it back and he said well it's never been done before and I said well they never had an actor up here before so you're much better in answer the answering these questions that I am at asking them and we gave the hundred million you know how we gave it back we told him we figured out that a hundred million dollars came out to about the ten percent of the state income tax so we said to everyone when the income tax came due we said send us a check for 90 percent of what you owe we will use the surplus to make up the other ten the last surplus we gave back was eight hundred and fifty million dollars and I remember a Democratic senator came in storming into my office on that one and he said I consider that an unnecessary expenditure of public funds but we're doing the same thing or trying to do them here and I know there have been these these challenges that I've I'll tell you where I think some of them come from and some of them come from die-hard conservatives I found this also as governor that they thought that if I couldn't get everything I asked for I should jump off the cliff with the flag flying go down in flames no if I get 70 80% of what it is I'm trying to get yes I'll take that and then continue to try to get the rest in the future and maybe it's easier to get it as they see that this works and this was what they were critical of they couldn't stand it that I would compromise and settle for less than I'd asked I asked for three ten percent instalments in the tax cuts ten ten and ten I got five ten and ten should I should I veto that turn it down because it wasn't exactly what I wanted I didn't get it I wanted it retroactive to January first of the year I started 1981 no they wouldn't do that I had to take it starting now in October I think it was with the new fiscal year well but look what's happened we've got the recovery and we've got the tax cut and now we're going to try for tax reform and maybe that'll get some more reduction for the people if I may ask a few quickies otherwise I'm not I'm not going to piece on my hands at the New York I know I filibustered on some of these but the way you ask them I couldn't say yes or no let me ask it just quickly you'll see where these questions are going one is you're getting ready to meet Rajiv Gandhi did you in getting ready for that meeting did you assume that he's basically a political leader faced with the same kind of forces you are having to put his pants on one leg after the other just the way you are well that there was something very different about his situation that you had to learn about well yes you knew that there was a government that was greatly different than ours in a society and economic structure but what you do is and I do with all the heads of state that I've met with I do some biographical research and study that's provided to me and then I get memorandums from various cabinet sections on our relationship or problems we may have between us or trade situations problems that may be in conflict or argument between us and so forth I get all of that and do all of that before they're here and also what we think would be advantageous mutually if we could arrange things that haven't we'd like to propose to them for their consideration and did you read any books for the meeting no but I did on this one call in people like Dylan Ripley and who was organizing the great cultural thing and talk to him and some things of that kind and get some kind of cultural background on it and I had met with his mother already she had been here so I was prepared for already for some of the things that were true typical of our differences question on Bitburg you made the statement that German soldiers were victims of Hitler as much as the victims of the holocaust what was the historical basis for your saying that all right now you see I didn't say it that way that's the way the press said that I said it I said that everyone the victims of the bombings the soldiers on both sides all were victims as well as the victims of the holocaust were victims of of Nazism of that evil thing that brought about that world war their lives were interrupted they died too but never would I ever suggest that those other victims were victims in the same sense as the victims of the holocaust I don't think in all of history there's anything ever quite like that and I insist that we must never forget it we must always remember it and we must remember it with the determination that it will never happen again now on the Bitburg thing when I said this yes those soldiers you know the some of the more teenagers as we know and toward the end of the war and all but their lives were wasted by this one man but never would I compare soldiers death with the torture the brutality the things the scars that the that the survivors of the holocaust must bear for the rest of their lives I don't think any of us can ever quite realize how much we try to empathize and learn about those horrors I don't think any of us can ever quite understand what is within them and what can be triggered by a number of things in their memories of that I've had friends that were in those camps I've heard their stories firsthand but I also felt this my as I say history buff nature I've always believed that particularly in Europe the continual wars that every time a war ended it laid the groundwork and the seeds planted the seeds for the next war the rivalries the hatreds they remained you still thought after world war one grew up thinking of the hum and then we had the greatest war of all world war two and things were different maybe a large part of it was due to this country and the Marshall plan here was a nation that once defeated instead of getting a treaty and saying well you can't do this and you can't we set out to rebuild a war ravaged world including our enemies and today our staunchest allies are the countries that were the hated enemy at that time and 40 years of this so I felt that the time has come to stop celebrating armistice days do you remember how many years armistice day after world war one was a big celebration you grew up celebrating your victory over the hum here we had 40 years in which the erstwhile enemies had become as I say close allies and friends there's 40 years of peace and the Germans and this we must give credit the Germany did not bulldoze those camps out of existence and then say let's pretend that never happened let's not talk about it let's hope everybody forgets they've preserved them as tourist sites they have at Bergen Belsen I went through the building that they call their museum they have the great blown up photos that our people took of the bodies the emaciated human beings that looked dead already the graves and so forth and they bring their schoolchildren there and they show them these things and they say you're seeing this so that you will realize what was done and must never be done again must never be forgotten now surely the time has come that we can recognize the days of VJ day coming up and VE day and recognize them not as times of great triumph but as times of recognition that back there 40 years ago we not only ended a war but we started 40 years of what has become friendship and 40 years of peace and maybe we can have 40 more years if we're right and also at the Bidberg cemetery I was only continuing what has been done by our military and the Allied military for many years they jointly have gone to these cemeteries and had ceremonies there so I thought this was a thing and also very necessary I think part of the misunderstanding came about because of my refusal first to go to Dachau well no one asked me what was that all about I had been asked to be after the summit a guest of the state of Germany and to do this thing and to do some other ceremonial things another man in political life in Germany an office holder but not the head of state he invited me to go visit Dachau because it's in his district and I he was well-intentioned I don't quarrel with that but I thought good Lord I can't take off as a guest of the state on my own and do this thing over here and it might be misunderstood as looking as if I'm trying to say hey you fellas look what you did so I said no but when helmet Cole called me and said no he believed that we should also visit one of those camps I said yes fine and so it was our own people that helped pick Bergen Belsen as a better location than than Dachau would have been and from the very first the minute it was part of the state tour I said yes and I must say I think I think it had a great impact and solidified the relationship between our two countries very well but never in anything as my speech at Bitburg indicated did I ever suggest forgetting the holocaust in fact I reminded them all of that last question for me alright which 20th century president do you admire most and why I don't know whether I can answer that I must say I don't want to say a Democrat I think that's why no no really I wanted I'm going to answer it in a peculiar way I there are a number of them and a number that I'm I disagree with on some things so forth no I the last Democrat president I campaigned for was Harry Truman and I campaigned with him that functions and so forth and I have a great respect and even more respect for many of them since I've sat here at the desk myself but I I'm going to pick one out single him out not because of the greatest or anything but because the least appreciated I have come in my reading of biographies and all and I have in fact I just recently finished one for one of our assassinated presidents back in the early days McKinley but before that Teddy Roosevelt and all I think one of the least appreciated is Calvin Coolidge when you look in his quiet unassuming way the reduction in taxes the reduction of the war debt several installments paid off on the world war one debt while he was in office and also he had a great sense of humor and lately I've been very gratified just received another book that his son sent me I've been gratified that there are a number of biographers who have been writing poems about him and saying the same thing and quoting many of his statements and all but he wasn't a great communicator like Franklin Roosevelt no that's really had skills to act and to stage management to move the nation yeah that's right and yet when you read some of the statements quotes of Coolidge but that's it he didn't go out and make them to the world he maybe said them in a cabinet meeting or someplace you read some of them and they're very pungent and they're also very darned effective I remember hearing one story though that had to do with you can get something of his nature and something his son said you know his son every summer had to work on the farm and one day sitting having their brown paper bag lunch another kid his age