Hey guys, it's up. It's Kinsey and welcome back to my channel if you guys are new here. Hi I'm Kinsey nice to meet you. I make lifestyle vlogs lifestyle videos I'm host of the I love you so much podcast Instagram all that stuff link below if you guys are new here Be sure to subscribe so you don't miss an upload I cannot believe that it's taking me so long to make an Amazon favorites video. I Love Amazon. I shop all the time on there. It's not I should probably you know if I wanted to save money It would probably be good. I need to cancel my membership anyways I'm showing with you guys today my top 30 Amazon purchases I hope you guys enjoyed today's video if you guys want more that are like top Amazon home top Amazon tech Whatever it is leave the request down below number one on my list is my kindle oasis I love reading if you guys watch my videos. You already know it is literally right now January 8th, and I am on my fifth book of 2021. I also need a life at the same time They don't have those in it was on you know, I love my kindle oasis you can get a kindle paper white too So there's differences between the kindle readers. I read like a mania I get questions a lot on if the oasis is worth it spending the extra money I have purchased paper whites for most people in my life as gifts and they love those I wouldn't necessarily get them an oasis because I don't feel like they read for hours a day every day I'm it just depends on your level of commitment to reading. I love my oasis But the paper white is also great It just depends on what you want by the way I will have everything linked below to shop the second thing I have these light bulbs Let me tell you guys these have Completely upgraded my nighttime routine if you guys like nighttime routines I have a really absurd one, but it's like the best thing never happened to me I'll have the video linked below. So these are the color changing light bulbs with dimmers, and I have the remote I don't even have it on the app But I'll link below the one with the app because I got those for my siblings and like that's makes more sense I don't even change the colors Like I'm not really into the red light at night thing. It kind of freaks me out I don't really know why but I do use the dimmers all the time It has been one of my best purchases of 2021 it cannot recommend it enough also really inexpensive They're also a really good random gift to give people because I feel like everyone would like that Especially like if you have friends who are going off to college or moving away or something like that number three I have these drawer pullout organizers and these I say everything has changed my life But if anything has changed my life, it's my kindle the light bulbs in these drawer organizers, okay? It is incredible if you have problems where you feel like your cabinets are just so unorganized and so messy all the time You need these organizers. It will literally change the game. Also. I just feel I feel more put together bridge organization It's something that's very important to me And I do think it is achievable a lot of people are like Oh, I would never do that and honestly it really helps save you money because you can see everything that you have And you don't overbuy and then you're not wasting food I have a little soda organizer for my recess drinks that I love so much and I just love it The next thing I have is my security system in my house. I have a ring security system. I have pretty much everything I mean you are not getting in this place. Let me tell you but I will link it down below if you live by yourself Especially I think it's really important to have a security system. Also just gives you peace of mind and yeah I think it's really important. Of course. I have my Amazon. She's right there. So a le x a great great investment use her all the time I feel like we're really close friends sometimes. She doesn't listen to me and it's annoying But for the most part really great also can control certain things in my house and it's just the best I think everyone should have one I got a projector and a projector screen at this summer I have my garage which I have like refinished into a room and at first it was gonna be part gym part Movie room, but I've decided to make it basically full gym and then use my projector on my rooftop when I feel Like it so it's really inexpensive the one that I got and I don't use it every single day So I wasn't really looking to get a super nice one But it's great for like parties and stuff like that not that I've really been able to use it Actually, I haven't been able to use it at all because it's been cobit in theory It will be really good for parties and also it's gonna be really cool to be able to put on my rooftop I'm not gonna like leave it up there. I would just like bring it up and down But it's portable really easy to use love. Okay. I got these copper mugs. I really like making mocktails I also love a good Moscow mule actually only from one place So I actually only from one place. So I actually don't think I do I love good glassware as a whole I drink pretty much everything out of a wine glasses will get to that But I got these cute copper mugs haven't used them yet, but I love them and I think they were a good Bye. I got the kind of square wine glasses. I know a lot of people get these from cranberry. I just got them off Amazon. I'm sure the cranberry ones are probably better.  So we love these wine glasses. They're very chic next thing I have is my ice roller So I am sure so many of you guys have seen this everywhere I think it's like $10, but you keep it in your freezer and then in the morning when I'm making my coffee or I'm feeding the dogs You whatever it is. I roll out my face if your face gets puffy This is like the biggest game changer this $10 ice roller has made a bigger difference with depuffing my skin then any of Those like really expensive like face rollers those still help with the ice roller is just you can't go wrong my five minute journal This is something that I'm really trying to implement more of I really love it I have a whole like morning and night kind of like demo routine and I switch between multiple things But if you don't do something like that in the morning, I would really recommend it And I think the first thing you should start with is the five minute journal. It's so quick I don't even think it takes five minutes and it's really cute for your night stand I got this cute little ice cube maker for my mocktails and you can use it for cocktails I just normally I'm just on like a mocktail cake right now Obviously not much to say other than you make ice cubes, but I just think it's cool. I have a few I really like this one specific one. I'll link down below, but it's just great for drinks It's all about elevating everyday experiences guys like Brian Boy on TikTok Oh my black velvet hangers guys when I moved to this house. I completely transitioned all of my hangers I said out with the old and with the new no more of the white ones I want all black velvet hangers and they're so much better things don't slip off as much They don't take as much room. They're just overall better. It's definitely worth spending a little bit more money I don't know they're that much more expensive, but I love them and I cannot recommend them enough a court cover So I am so the person who puts off little tasks like this in my house in my life every single day But having a court cover really really just it does the job obviously it hides your cords But it makes the biggest difference you don't want to see a bunch of cords out I feel like for some reason that like makes me anxious because it just looks like clutter, but having this nice cord cover Love that I say that now and the cord cover in my bedroom is up and not in my office So that's great.  That is one of what the best Amazon steals I think oh my bathroom hardware So listen up guys We will talk about hardware Amazon hardware throughout the house because it's all over my house But I had just like the silver older stuff that I really love and I got this black Modern-looking hardware that looks so much better. I haven't painted below it yet Look, I've got to fix it take it off paint it fix it You guys will see what I mean, but it just looks so much better It is really made the biggest difference. I don't love the look of my bathroom But just small things like that have really made it look so much nicer And it was like a $15 improvement with that being said I have new doorknobs all throughout my house I think that was like $200 for like eight doorknobs or something and has totally changed like people come over They're like, oh my gosh your doorknobs have made this place look so much nicer by people coming over I actually just mean like my father has said something to me But I promise you to make a big difference and when I show people and send photos and FaceTime them They're always very impressed. Oh this clothing rack. This is nice for a multitude of reasons one It's nice for me to put like new clothes that I got out there So I wear them first you get the whole thing clothing racks are just convenient to have for so many different things I really like this one from Amazon. It's really thin like or it's not wide So it fit in my office perfectly and I really love it I feel like I'm not that great with keeping it super organized, but it's great And I use it for someone different reasons. So great steal rings in general from Amazon. So I love really cute rings Actually, I haven't worn them in a while, but I do love really cute rings and they have such cute ones I'm so impressed. They have a cute like rainbow one. That's normally like $200 elsewhere A lot of the rings look like they are a lot nicer than they are these rings are like 10 to $20 each They're so cute my dog food bowl. This is Amazing I didn't get this until recently and I've had a dog for like five years Maybe because cocoa seven pounds and fits is going to be 70 So there's now a lot more dog food in the house But having this dog food bowl is so nice. It makes it look so much nicer. It's sleeker also I love just the process of actually like feeding them. It makes it easier if you guys have big dogs Especially I would recommend okay candle at our USB listen These things are actually great in theory and I have like seven of them I feel like they die so quick and I'm constantly having to put them on the charger But I will say they look so much nicer than all the other candle lighters I think about the normal like blue one not cute. These are way cooler. Also, they just charge by USB So it's really not a pain. I just don't charge mine enough I have this blue workout set that a friend showed me over the summer and it is so Nice one so flattering. I couldn't believe it to the quality is great And it's literally like $30 for the sports bra and the shorts couldn't believe it I was so impressed and this is probably one of my favorite buys from them ever just because I feel like it's so flattering Okay, my kitchen hardware So I went as we know if you watch the videos so long without kitchen hardware I went over to my sister's house and I was like, oh my god. You're so good. Where's it from? I'm just like it's Amazon. So of course I copied her completely and it looks so much better I will never take that long. I just didn't realize how much of a difference the hardware would make on the kitchen But it looks so good black baseball hats. You can get these for like eight bucks on Amazon They were maybe not as trendy anymore They're very trendy a few months ago, and I love having this a good baseball hat You know when you're having a bad hair day to start on wide mouth Mason jars I only have two honestly I need to order more because I drink out of those all the time especially with my little liquid IV in the Morning and at night, but I love them. They're my favorite drinks to drink out of I've always been a mason jar girl I you know grew up in Texas. I feel like it's a very southern thing I even had them in LA whatever I've always had mason jars drink out of getting the large wide mouth are It's just so much better cannot describe to you enough as I've said I love glassware, so I'm very specific in what I like, but I love these Oh a little mini hand frother, so I'm sure a lot of you guys saw it guys who remembers I feel like this is the stage of quarantine has been totally overlooked when we would make those like sugar ice coffees from home The instant coffee. Do you know what I'm talking about? Why am I even forgetting it as soon as I said it's been overlooked anyways Hand frother's are really in at that point too because you needed it for the coffee But ten out of ten recommend I use it all the time. I use it more than like even a normal frother So my slippers I have ordered so many slippers from Amazon. They're so cheap I currently now I'm wearing slippers like I'm just like a die-hard ugly for girl But for months at a time I would go to my Amazon slippers and be like these are it. They're so cute They're like ten to fifteen dollars, and I just love them espresso glasses I got these really cute espresso glasses because I have the little clear double wall like acrylic looking mugs from I think William Sonoma I got these to match as little espresso glasses, and they are so cute I just love them. So if you love a good espresso shot, I'm definitely get these and they're just I don't know they're very chic My JBL speaker I got this on Amazon. I use it all the time, but out of my gym or in the rooftop or in my room I'll use my JBL just kind of bring it with me around It's also good and like a more social world when you can bring it places like to a bonfire to the beach or wherever Last but not least my claw clamps. I use clock clamps all the time It's the little clamp that people put back here, you know another chic hairstyle that's been going on I'm gonna make an Instagram reel of how I use my clock clamps to so follow me on Instagram. I love these I love the tortoise shell ones. They have little cute like clear ones like the coolest hair accessory and They look like you tried and you put a lot more effort into your hair when in reality you just put it back All right, so that is it for today's video. I hope you guys enjoyed my top 30 Amazon purchases or finds I will have everything linked down below comment below if you guys want to see more Amazon videos But I love you guys so much, and I will talk to you soon.  We had like mutual funds birthday parties And like I had budget camps in the summer and like all that where thankfully that was not the case


The Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars and the project on emerging nanotechnologies developed the Nanotechnology Consumer Products Inventory, CPI, in 2005 to document the marketing and distribution of nano-enabled products into the commercial marketplace. This initiative was driven by the need to identify and track the increasing presence of nanotechnology in everyday consumer products. The goal was to create a reliable source of information about the products containing nanomaterials and to provide a comprehensive overview of the current landscape of nanotechnology in consumer products. The original inventory was updated in 2013 with the addition of eight new descriptors for consumer products, including information pertaining to the nanomaterials contained in each product. Additionally, the project was motivated by the recognition that a diverse group of stakeholders from academia, industry, and states slash federal government had become highly dependent on the inventory as an important resource and bellwether of the pervasiveness of nanotechnology in society. Interviews were conducted with 68 nanotechnology experts to assess key information needs. These responses helped guide inventory modifications by This article was authored by Marina E. Vance, Todd Coykin, Eric P. Vegirano, and others. We are article.tv, links in the description below.


Bill Belichick came out at his press conference when he was asked about the Tampa Bay Buccaneers offense, and this is how he responded The offense is around this whole curve Well, I mean that as it evolved here, but you know the running game is the running game the running game is different But passing games passing game That's pretty similar. I mean you could call almost every play from the flare control of the protection to you know Similar to the way we do it. That's a hate. They stole our office Bruce Arians answered back to that Allocation well, I think they copied a lot of our souls probably the same As in which film they watch every week good. They'll know that always picked ours up watched it. So it's the same stuff This is a real thing though like that is why Whenever people are talking about Tom going back and Grant going back like hey that coaching staff down there I know a lot of them. There's a lot of scars that have been formed from Foxborough like this is it's gonna be a massive weekend


Good day again, this is Professor Resnick. I want to talk now following through the capital volume one. I want to talk about money. Marx defines money as a universal equivalent. It is a commodity chosen by society to be universally equivalent to all of the commodities. So it's a way to facilitate exchange. In other words, all the other commodities can express their value in this one particular commodity, which is chosen by society to be universally equivalent to all of them. So the use value of money is precisely its exchange value. All commodities can be exchanged for it. Since the source of abstract labor, I'm sorry, let me do that, since the source of exchange value is abstract labor, we've established that, then when one has command over money, one has command over abstract labor. Why? Because money is the representation of abstract labor. So to accumulate money is literally to accumulate abstract labor. Suppose society chooses gold. Now there's no necessity for gold because it's very arbitrary. Societies have chosen a variety of different commodities through their history. But suppose a society, in fact, chooses gold as money. So gold becomes the commodity chosen by society, such that all the other commodities can be sold for gold. Suppose it takes two hours to produce an ounce of gold. So then we have, by the Marxian abstract labor theory of value, to use the same numbers that we've used before, it takes two hours to produce a one ounce of gold. And now let me put everything else on the blackboard. It took, let's see, eight hours to produce one apple. And it took, what was it? Four hours to produce one shirt, if I remember correctly. So we have altogether 12. We've got 14 hours as the pool of abstract labor. And we have allocated across these different commodities by the production, I'm assuming, the socially necessary abstract labor time to produce each of them. So the good review for us, the value of an apple over the value of gold is eight over two. Same, again, qualitative dimensions, enumerated denominator. So that's four ounces of gold, g gold equal one apple. That's an exchange of equivalents. That's worth eight. That's 2468. Value of a shirt over the value of gold is, what's the value of a shirt here? It's four over two. So that's two ounces of gold equal a shirt. That's an exchange of equivalents. Notice something. Gold is always in the denominator. It's a common denominator. That's what a universal equivalent means. Every commodity can express its value in this universal equivalent. So it's always in the denominator. It's a common denominator. Next step. Suppose this society decides not only that gold is going to be the universal equivalent, but again, to facilitate exchange, it has a mint. It establishes a mint, and it prints gold coins, such that one coin is equal to one ounce. So it's a beautiful nice little coin with a picture of the king or whatever it is on the coin. Coin weighs an ounce. Everybody's concerned that it does weigh an ounce. And one coin is equal to an ounce, and it's called a dollar. So the price of an apple here becomes four coins. The price of a shirt becomes two coins. But since a coin is a dollar, the price of an apple is four dollars, four coins. The price of a shirt is two dollars, two gold coins. So what we have here then is another equation we can easily write. Let me get rid of this. We can ask, how much money do we need? How many dollars do we need in this society? In other words, what is the demand for money in this society? Demand for coins, demand for dollars? Well, let's write it down. We have the value of an apple over the value of gold times the amount of apples plus the value of, what is it, shirts over the value of gold times the number of shirts. So in this case, we have, let's see, we have four dollars, just one apple, plus two dollars, one shirt. So the demand for money is six dollars. So to finance the transactions of the society, the state has to supply six dollars of currency. So we have a new condition of existence of this capitalist economy, which is that the mint, I assume, controlled by the state, has to supply six dollars of gold coins in order to carry forward the transactions in this very simple economy of one apple and one shirt. Marx calls this money as a medium of exchange. So in other words, to carry forward the exchange in the society, the commodities are sold for money, and that money is used to purchase other commodities. Notice that there are different use values. These are not the same. CMC refers to you start out with a use value, whatever it is, you sell it for money, you alienate it, then you use the money to buy some other commodity, and you acquire its use value. So you're not selling apples to buy apples, you're selling your apple to acquire money, and then you're taking the money to purchase a different kind of commodity, a shirt. So the use value is different here. So that's called CMC. So money is here, you can see, is a medium of exchange.


Kansas State running back Deuce Vaughn. Well, one thing about him is he kind of reminds me of Darren Sprouls, and I don't love a player comparison, but I have had a five, six, 190-pound hole in my heart for years now. 43, it's my password on my freaking cell phone. I love Darren Sprouls. He decides to call it a career, one of my favorite players to ever do it. And he really was like the inspiration to anyone who's ever been called slight, undersized, not quite there, combines a nightmare, all of that. And I'm not gonna say he's gonna take the space of Sprouls in my heart. Of course, now I do think Deuce Vaughn, draft prospect, is going to be the one to carry the torch for the little guys going forward at the combine a few weeks ago. The two-time unanimous Alamerican, measured in at five, five, he was the shortest player in combine history. As a five-foot nothing lady, I love this, he's 179 pounds, but his on-field resume is insane. He led the entire country in yards from Scrimmage at nearly 2,000 last season. He showed he can handle a big workload. He had 335 touches. That's the third most in all of college ball. Are you kidding? Look, he's so shifty. He is so off the charts explosive. He's so versatile. It's hard not to, if you watch that footage, you see it and you think, Darren Sprouls, Darren Sprouls, Darren Sprouls, that's what it is. And I don't want you to think I am making a lazy, trite, low-hanging fruit comparison with an undersized running back from Kansas State. I get it. But he flat-out said he modeled his game after said Sprouls during his combine interview. And he, by the way, gave this incredible answer and being asked about being undersized. Personally, I do not.  To the point where it gave me the confidence as a young kid, as a high schooler, as a college player, to go out here and keep chasing my dream. And that's one of the things I want to do as well, is kind of be that person inspired the next generation of smaller backs or guys that seem to be undersized that man, you can do it. All the chef's kisses, Deuce may not come off the board until day two, day three, regardless of when he's taken, and I don't even care where he lands. I have supreme confidence that he's going to play a huge, oversized role wherever he goes and make an impact on the league. A Deuce Bond, Darren Sprouls-like guy in the NFL, that's a prospect, and that's one thing about it.


To keep Marines and the community safe, the military police use canines to aid in searching for drugs, explosives and people. The location for searches can vary, so training must be a challenge for both the dogs and their handlers. You know, the warehouses are different because sometimes you have big fans on that push the odor around. Sometimes you don't have any fans at all. So sometimes the odors just kind of stagnate in one area as versus being moved around in a warehouse. But these also take advantage of the dog's other attributes when necessary. They're also certified in patrol work, you know, fighting, going to find suspects out in the field, building searches, that sort of thing. The MCAS Yuma canine section has the only bomb sniffing dogs in the local area and responds to all local bomb threats as well as support missions worldwide. For Marine Corps Air Station Yuma, I'm Les Corporal Aaron Beeman.


Okay, welcome back everyone to our second lecture today, BC314 Media and Technology in Ministry. We are just covering several different areas of ministry and looking at how these have evolved or changed to suit contemporary expressions, how the things are happening. And now we're going to talk about another area of ministry which has to do with radio, television, and films. So we'll just look at that. Now radio used to be, and maybe in some parts of the world it still is, a very effective means for mass communication. So back in the 1920s, so that's a long time ago, almost 100 years, the first radio station received a pro-valor license to a Christian programming. Now interestingly, in India, technically, we are not allowed to have religious programming on radio. So therefore technically, within India, we don't have a Christian radio station. We're not allowed to do that. So there are FM radio stations that cover different cities, but a lot of the general things and sometimes they do sneak in, especially in our Hindu vajras and things like that. And maybe during Christmas time they may play a song here and there, but generally we are not allowed to do Christian or religious programming on radio locally within India. But we'll talk about that a little bit later and how in the past, how they're, you know, overcoming that restriction. But going back to what happened in the U.S., 1920s is when first Christian programming came on radio. And I had mentioned about Amy Sample McPherson in the early part of the 20th century or 1900s. She used to radio very effectively. To broadcast her sermon, Strong Horror, Santa Monica-based Church, the Angelus Temple. And they had their own radio station. And so this was the first station that was owned and operated by a church. So I just think about it, you know, a church having their own radio station and broadcasting in a gospel Christian programming, 20 per seven all the time. Back in 1950, Billy Graham had his own radio program broadcast across the nation, the Arab Decision. So the use of radio for Christian broadcasting was back to the 1920s, the early part of the 20th century. And so it has been very effective. What also is very, very important is the use of shortwave radio or AM radio, which can travel long distances. So FM radio is very short distances, but shortwave radio could go long distances, cover long distances.  So shortwave radio, as we mentioned here, was used by fever. So it has a long history. And it was used very well by fever. FM radio came around in the 1970s so on, but it's localized as for a city and so on. But let's just talk a little bit about fever, Fari's Broadcasting Associates or Association. So back in, you know, around the 1960s, they set up shortwave radio station in Seychelles. And from there, they began to broadcast, especially to regions of the world, that were not easy to access. So now, so the radio waves transcend these political and legal boundaries, because it's coming in the air. Nobody can stop it.  They can say, I want to control. But generally, if people have radios, they can connect and listen to what's coming in the air. So fever took advantage of that and actually it's a very, very, very strategic move that they began from Seychelles. They began to broadcast all the way into Asia and across Africa, Asia and the Middle East. So they set up their antennas and their transmitters in such a way that they covered a major part of Africa and Africa, Asia and Middle East. So, you know, from 1970 all the way to what the early 2000s, they were broadcasting. Now, for example, I know what happened from here in India. The programs would be produced here in India in all the regional languages. So, you know, here we have more than 15 major languages all across India. So programs would be produced in India by people in India. The program would then be sent to Seychelles. And from there, they would broadcast back into India. So because India didn't have the freedom to broadcast locally, you can broadcast outside and people all across India would be tuning the radios and listening to the program. And it was so wonderful. So it had a huge impact across the nation in bringing, you know, Christian broadcasting and making the preaching and the teaching of God's word accessible to people throughout the, yeah, throughout the life. And so it was just amazing, wonderful work that was done through radio. Now, with time and with all the other things that came in now, this, you know, with the internet, with mobile phones, with the shift to consuming content in other ways, shortwave radio probably doesn't have that much of a, as big as, what do you say, as big as a space in people's daily lives. It's because now people are consuming content in different, in other ways, but definitely between the segmenties to the early 2000s, this had a very huge impact. Now they still continue, people still continues. I know they still have their office here in India and they're producing programs and so on, but the public, people generally are using other forms of consumption. What we have seen, like we mentioned, FM radio is playing a big part these days in many cities around the world, wherever it's possible, you know, you'll find Christian radio stations, FM stations, broadcasting, Christian content, music and sermons and so on. So that a shift has taken place to more localized programming through FM radio. And then there's also internet radio, so people listen online and they can stream songs and so on and everything online. So all the things have changed a lot to where we are today. We shouldn't forget that there was a time when radio played a big part in the dissemination of the preaching and the teaching of God's word all over the world. It did play a big part and we shouldn't forget that. Another major technology that was used, subsequent to radio was television. Very interestingly, the people who started using television for ministry were evangelists and there are three main evangelists. This was back in the 1950s, Rex Hombard, Earl Roberts and Billy Graham. They were the ones who saw the potential. So they saw the hey, we can actually use television and, you know, the sermons, the church or the meat that could say, if we put it on television, we can actually reach so many more people. So Rex Hombard was a pastor when he got so, I turned minister and then he also had his Sunday services in Akron, Ohio and so he started putting his Sunday services on television and he started as way back as 1950. Then by the 70s, 1970s, he was on 650 television stations, 700 radio stations across America and then also reached out into other parts of the world. So they began to see that here we can actually use television to get thoughts word out to people. Robert Schiller was another televangelist who followed that and he needs to go live from Crystal Cathedral on radio as well as on television. Earl Roberts was the very first one to bring his healing crusades on television. So this was amazing because in those days in the 1950s, they had these tent crusades.  And he was the first one to say, hey, we can take what's happening here in the tent into the homes of people lying. And so he had these television cameras and people across North America would actually be part of the crusade from their homes and they would pray, pray for them on television and so on and this began back in the 1950s. Similarly, Billy Graham also began to use television and began to telecast his crusade live starting from the 1950s. So if you look and from then on and it just exploded, people all over the world today, you got huge huge number of Christian networks and at one point TV was television was a big tool to share the gospel or to get the word of caught up. It still is there, but like I said, because of the internet and how people are consuming, it has gone down a little bit and maybe not as low as the radio, but it's there, maybe. But today, a lot of people are consuming through the internet. But television, there was a time when television was a big instrument, a big tool that was being used for the proclamation of God's way and so on. What we saw once individuals that are using these means, people who could afford rather money to do it shortly after that, television networks began to come into existence. A lot of CBN, TVN, PTL, lots of others. And many of them are continuing till today. CBN, TVN, I think continue till today. So television networks basically, they bring in many, many people, many ministers and, you know, have them, but by time and deliver the content to the homes of people. So TV networks began to play an important role. And this spread globally. So by the 1980s, TV networks, Christian television networks became more of a global phenomenon. You'll find them across the world. In the 1990s, early 2000s, we had some here in India as well. So, ABC as a church, we did orbit on radio and cable TV as well as satellite TV. We no longer are on these channels, but we used to do them. So I remember the early 2000s, we were producing radio programs. It was called Voice to the Nations. We did that for a few years and we did it through Shortwave. So we would record the programs, radio programs here in Bangalore, India. And they would go through FIBA radio from Sessions. So they would be broadcast on FIBA radio from Sessions. And we did that for a little bit of time. And then we discontinued that because then after that, television became a big thing. The people were not so much on radio. So we moved. So we also did cable TV locally, right from the early days like this. I can remember the early 2000s, we would record our programs separately and put them on cable TV here locally in Bangalore to reach homes here in our city. And then if I remember correctly, I think it was 2012 on those days, God television, God TV was quite big. And they were from the UK and they also had God TV Asia, I think, a TV network on Asia. So God TV reached out to us in 2012. They asked us, you know, we could get on God TV Asia. And again, if I'm not mistaken, we were the first church in India to get on God TV Asia or for sure this was church in our city. Anyway, so we were on God TV, the cable TV network, satellite network from 2012 to 2019. So and this was a weekly program, 30 minutes program on the evenings, 9 p.m. to 9 30 p.m. once a week. Now it was a lot of work, a lot of money, because you had to pay for 30 minutes and people could only watch at that time.  And it cost us money to make those programs and produce them. But we went from 2012 to 2019. But in 2019, he decided to go off television because we realized that people were shifting, people moving away from television to YouTube. Why would people want to pay for cable television or television networks in order to see this? And so intentionally, we decided December 2019 was the last broadcast on God TV, the TV network, and we moved off television. So we came off radio, we came off television. And we decided that, hey, everything is available now online on the internet and people are consuming when they want to, how they want to. So we also focused on just releasing our content through our website and YouTube and other channels so that people can consume it whenever they want to. But there was a time when radio and television was important and useful, very useful, in reaching out to people. Just add a little, one more thought on Christian films and then we'll just have a little bit of discussion on these three things, on radio, television and films. So Christian films are also very, very powerful medium to communicate truth, communicate the Word of God and biblical values and principles if it's done properly. So I think we should say the pioneer in Christian films, right, so of course, general films, lots of people, the pioneer in Christian films, making Christian films would be this man Cecil Blonde de Mil, American film producer. And as early as 1914, so we saw him more than 100 years ago, he made about 70 films. And remember early days it was silent films, just film, no sound before they could add the sound to it. So there were silent films and then came sound films. So he pioneered these things and then he produced Christian films. So the 1923, the Ten Commandments was produced as a silent film then. And for 25 years it was the highest grossing film. And so you just think about this, that the Ten Commandments about Moses receiving the Ten Commandments, that film produced by that studio was the highest earning film for a long time. And those are silent films, so no music, no sound. Then he produced many others, King of Kings, Samson and Delilah was the first sound film in 1949, Bible based sound film. And then of course, lots and lots of other films have been produced. I think one which really went global, I think at least in recent, not in the last few decades, which made big news all over the world was The Passion of the Christ by Mel Gibson. This was in the early 2000s and so on. So films have been a very powerful tool. And I think the biggest testimony to the use of films is the Jesus film that was produced by Campus Crusade. So this was way back in 1979, they produced the life story of Jesus, the story of the life of Jesus in film and launched it in 1977, launched in the US and then translating other languages. So 1980, shown in Hindi in India to 21 million people and launched another part of the world. 1984, 100 languages, this one film translated into 100 languages, 1984. And then they also launched the Jesus film project, launched it online. So just imagine back in the 80s, they had to carry these big films, physical roles and put on these big projectors and put on the screen like that. And so of course, then came movie theaters, DVDs and so on. And now it's online. So from 1997, online, one billion people have seen the Jesus film, translated into 400 languages, audio version and so on so forth. 2003, 800, 2022, 2000 translations. So just imagine this one film is the most translated film in the history of human history, the Jesus film. It just makes us feel so happy. But think about how powerful a tool this is. We don't know, we don't know how many people all over the world have been brought to Jesus by watching this film. We don't know, only eternity will tell us the impact. So imagine the person or the people who produced the film first in 1979. Imagine they may not have envisioned how big a reach and how big an impact this would have had. But here we are today. This one film has impacted millions of people all over the world. Now, some of the other things to keep in mind are short films. So there was a time, of course, it still is where people sit for two hours, sometimes three hours watching movie. But then there's this whole thing about short films, putting smaller versions, 20 minutes sometimes anywhere from five to 20 minutes, short films, using that to engage audiences. So that's also another area that we should think about. Very interestingly, very interestingly, a local church entered into filmmaking. You'd usually think about big studios making film, but Sherwood Baptist Church in Albany, Georgia, I don't know how God led them into this, but they ventured into Christian filmmaking early 2000. And since that time, they've made some amazing movies, films. Flywheel, Facing Science, Fireproof, which became a number one independent film, and Courageous, Ballroom, and so they have produced many. And imagine this is a local church producing high quality movies, films, which are going global all over the world. And they're communicating something from the world of God in this form, which is amazing. It's amazing. And I think they're continuing to do that. So that's, again, something for us to think about and praise God for. A couple of other things that I'd like to mention is children's videos. So Veggie Tales, you know, the company doesn't exist anymore, but you can see some of what they produced. So actually, this very interesting story, how it all started, a man, Phil Visham, he was without a job at some point. And then he decided to kind of, you know, just do something for his children. And I started working on some ideas. And out of that came this Veggie Tales, these children's movies or animated movies with vegetable characters, communicating Bible stories, very nice. And so at one point, this was in the 90s, 1990s, it was one of them, highly, you know, the most watched children's, Christian children's videos. That was very, very, very. And so, and then they produced so many good short films, all about, you know, maybe 20 to 30 minute long, many meaningful videos. Somehow, you know, the success of this animation, then they thought they can produce bigger movies. And that's where I think maybe they took a wrong step because trying to produce as big movies actually sunk the company. And the company got into financial trouble and they couldn't stay alive. But whatever they did, the work they did was amazing. And so you could still watch Veggie Tales videos on YouTube, I guess they're available. But it was an amazing time for the time that Veggie Tales was being produced for almost 20 some years. It was big, it was very useful. Right. So we'll pause here. I just want to hear your thoughts, your experience with radio, television and films. Nowadays consumption has moved to the internet. Not so many people are watching it on television, but many people are on their phones or laptops consuming content. Not many people are necessarily listening to radio, but many are listening to podcasts on their phones. So there's been this whole shift. And so we'll be talking about that in the weeks to come. So is there a place for films and movies? Yeah, just that people are consuming it differently. So people may watch things on YouTube or other social media. And so we have to adapt to the way people are consuming these things today. And also think of how we can produce films that will be relevant to people in the world in which they live, today's world, bringing biblical truth to address today's challenges. We'll have to think about that. So there's an air and be as a church are also getting into. We've just been putting together a team of people here, start producing short films, one produce five minute films, very powerful, effective, addressing challenges that are facing people in the community in urban settings, bring biblical truth and so on. So that's an area we are working on. We're just excited about that, hopefully. And this year we'll come up with some short films, five minute films. And we'll see how that goes. And it's a learning for us as well. All right. So let me stop here. I just want to hear your thoughts, your ideas on radio, television and films. Any comments? Any thoughts? Regarding radio and television as you are talking about it, I remembered I used to get up for radio programs when I was a small child to listen to God's word, 650 names. And it was the program which I used to listen was so impactful for many people because many people used to say, even if they were from different faiths, they used to listen to that. And many people got saved, many people got healed of all the small radio programs which we had. And talking about the short films and the movie productions, I think as there is one series of shows and series which is talking about life of Jesus which had impacted many, many lives, I think. So because now it's an era of seasons and series, we watch all this in Netflix and all the other streaming platforms, OTT platforms, that is also an area of, people like to see that even though the, I think the same part, something like chosen also has an important role in this generation because people like to see it even, I think yesterday or the day before yesterday I was reading an article, the most watched series has at least 20 episodes, 20 seasons actually. So people are interested to watch if it is engaging and if it is beneficial for people. So I think we as a church also can look at that in, in, in long run. And I think as a church worldwide has a scope for this because even young people in the coming, in this generation are also interested in very engaging seats or anything of that sort. And also as the attention span is reducing, it should be less than an hour or 10 or so because unless it is so engaging, people won't even like movies now is what I have seen and hear from people. So thank you for sharing that, that's good observations. Yeah, and you know, like the last thought that we shared about the attention span, yeah, it's like, you know, people are everything, big, fast, short, very engaging, that's true. Anyone else want to share anything on this, radio, television, finance? All right, so I think we'll wrap for today with that. And next week, we'll do a little bit on entertainment and gaming. So it's kind of connected to short films, but it's a different, different space. We'll talk a little bit about entertainment gaming, gaming basically video games. I know that we seem like a little controversial, but it's an important area because gaming is not always a bad thing like video games, you know, it can be used for education, it can be used for training people. So for example, the military will use video games to train its pilots or doctors, physicians and surgeries, all kinds of things. So gaming is being used widely, and it's an area where we can engage people.  So that's what we mean. So we'll talk a little about that, and then we're going to start getting into the media and technology part. We'll be talking about digital communication. So, you know, how you and I, how we can leverage the internet and all the tools that are available to communicate for church and ministry, and it's going into a lot of those areas. Okay, so let's close in prayer today. Somebody could pray with us and then we'll dismiss please. Let's pray. Dear heavenly father, I come to you under the name of Jesus. I thank you for this day and God. Thank you for all the creativity that you have given us, the talent that you have placed in us Jesus, and God help us to not to dig our talents and just wish it away, but to use it for your glory Jesus. Fill us with your ideas, fill us with your revelation and knowledge, so that we can reach out to this generation in various means, Lord. Be with us and guide us. We need your knowledge and help us to always keep our thoughts centered to you Jesus, centered to your kingdom, for your glory, Lord God. We thank you for our strategies and I thank you for all my classmates. We give you all the glory and honor in Jesus name, I pray. Amen. Amen. Thank you everyone. Enjoy the rest of your day. We can hang back next week. God bless you. Thank you.


Hi everyone, Joe for jasby's casebreaks.com coming at you with a full case break of the brand new, just dropped today, 2020 Panini National Treasures, baseball, four box, pick your team number two. Big thanks to all of these lovely people here for getting into the action. Thanks for grabbing your spots straight up. You'll notice that there's some R&Bs right there for random number block. Thanks to these folks here for participating in this number block randomizer. They're the results right there. So it's a random number block break, but only for those teams and just for that break right here. Thank you, we'll keep this next to me right over here. Oh, I don't think I, let me give you a second here. I don't think I uploaded the video for that, so let me just do that right now before I forget. We do the number block randomizers, a separate video. So let's just upload, I'll title that later. Okay, let's pop this baby open, fresh case. And we've got some nice green grass. Some bright green grass colored boxes here. Good luck folks. Eight cards right there. I've got a bit of a fatter box right here. I think we've got three players on the bottom. I didn't spy who the, what the names were, but I think there's a triple book on the bottom. Big fat book right there too by the looks of it. All right, right out of the gate. Game, a gear, nice Kyle Lewis. Two out of 99 for Aaron Pettit and the M's. Game, a gear, materials. We've got Colossal Relic, Willie Castro, 22 out of 99 for the Tigers. That's going to be from Matthew Stubblefield. We've got Vlad Guerrero Jr., 23 out of 25 on a thicker card stock right there for the Blue Jays. Eric J. for the Jays. We've got Al K. Line, 31 out of 49 for the Tigers. That'll be for once again Matthew S. Our first autograph from this case, Jersey and Auto Brock Burke. I like that sort of silhouette and acetate finish on top, 80 out of 99. Keeps the, those edges and corners real sharp too. That'll be for the Rangers and that's going to be for Jeffrey S. And Texas. Next up, I like that Camel Patch and Autograph, Shogo Akiyama, 42. Jackie Robinson out to 99. That'll be for the Red Legs, Josh Allen with the Reds. And we've got Edwin Rios, nice, World Champ. Two color patch and Autograph, three out of 10. Dodgers are a number of block team. And Dodgers three, Levi with Dodgers three. If he improves his glove, Edwin Rios has a big bet. He may find himself in the lineup a lot more frequently. We've got a redemption, Juan Soto, that's pretty nice. What's platinum? Treasure material signature's platinum. Is that a one of one? Let's go to cardboardconnection.com. National Treasures Baseball. Treasure to Material Signatures. Where are you, Treasure to Material Signatures? Treasure to Material Signatures. Yeah, that's a one of one, wow. And the Nationals are a number block team. Any and all Redemptions go to number zero. So that's for Kang, nice. Kang, all aboard the Big Hit Express. We've got to redeem, though. We've got to take a look at what that looks like in real life. All right, and the book. Will it be one team or a few different ones? It's Triple Legend, Trio's nine out of 25. Wow, Lou Gehrig, Triple Relic. Herb Pen, these are all Yankees. Herb Penok and Tony Lazari. Wow. You can see a bit of Lou Gehrig's pinstripe in the bottom left relic. Woo, game used right here as well. Nine out of 25. Yankees nine, Adam Wilson with Yankees nine. You always say this, right? And then it happens and we're just here, I'm sad. I feel like it's only happened like three times in our entire lives. Yankees card, huh? Yeah, look at this. Look at the Lou Gehrig relic. You got a bit of the old faded pinstripe on the bottom left right there. Then we got Penok and Lazari. I'm assuming teammate, same era? Same era, all team. All right, that was just the first box. All right, another fatter box here and another book on the bottom. That blank card on top to slow play that hits a little bit, 26 out of 99. Dylan Carlson, nice two, four, six, eight-way relic here. Eight-piece relic. That's for St. Louis. St. Louis is a number block team, so Cardinals six is gonna be for Eric J.  Yeah, it has been actually. I mean, we're only a case and two boxes in and it's, we've already put some nice stuff. Like the line green, boxes are green. It looks like grass or like, this is like kind of like avocado and then there's like, there's some grass, grass green right there too. Four out of 25. Angels edition of Albert Pujols. That'll go to Nick Stober and the Halos. Yeah, I wish they would go back to the wooden box. I think it started with NT football and then I went to NT basketball. 28 out of 99, World Champ, Walker Bueller. You save money that way. It goes to Logan. It goes to probably Pandemic Puzzle or something. Probably, yeah. Logan with Dodgers eight. And we got Charlie Keller, 39 out of 99. There you go. And there was the Yankees original number 99. So Yankees nine. That goes to Adam Wilson. Oh, look at this patch right here. We got more of this in the store, folks. Jaspy'scasegreats.com. I know NT's not cheap, but when you're getting quality like this, Seattle 49 out of 99, Donnie Walton patch and autograph on cart auto. Aaron Pettit with the Mariners last spot in Mojo. See ya. We got rookie signature, Sam Hillier, 96 out of 99. That'll be for the Rocks. That's gonna go to Patrick Davis with the Rocks. We got Adrienne Morrojon, nine out of 99. Three color patch and autograph. That'll be for the Padres, Chris Miller. We saw him in action a little bit in the playoffs. Next we've got Jersey and autograph, Elroy Face. That goes to the Pirates, 67 out of 99. That'll be for Logan. Oh, and the book right here is cut signature booklets for the Indians. Lou Baudreau, Baudreau, 10 out of 15. There's all Lou's signature right there. Handsome Lou is what they call him. There you go. That'll be for Cleveland Eastwood with the tribe. Nice, cool cut auto. Two boxes to go. My little Ken Burns baseball on the background if you're wondering what that is. Back when the Red Stockings were still around. Yeah, Baez and Rizzo getting gold gloves. I saw that Rex. Yeah, and David Ross and the running for manager of the year. I don't know if he's gonna, who are the other Ken? I don't know if he's gonna get it, but they definitely had a good season for his debut season as manager. All right. Next box, we got seven out of 10. That's some nice colors right there. SC's Aquino for the Red Legs. Josh Allen with Cincinnati. Excellent, grab two. There's Christian Vasquez, 68 out of 99. Going to the Red Sox, Chris Miller. It's George Springer, 25 out of 99. I think the other manager of the year, the person I think is gonna win NO manager of the year, Don Manning. Marlins. It's George Springer, Astros, David. 25 out of 99, piece of his jersey. We got old Herb Pennock, this time, Boston Herb Pennock. 20 out of 25 for the Red Stockings. That's gonna go to Chris Miller. Game used material right there. Is he? He's not. Yeah, it's Red Sox. Maybe a weird Boston break situation there, but not a reason. We've got 83 out of 99, jersey and autograph, Lewis Thorpe for Minnesota. Have they announced Dodger's MVP? I don't think there's an official team MVP thing that we do. All right, Lewis Thorpe, twins. That is Oliver Soria. There you go, Ollie. That's correct, Brad. Yeah, Jernigan. The boxes go to the kids in the store. And now that we're back open, there's been a lot of kids in the store who've been giving these away too. Oh yeah, they announced the World Series MVP the night they clinched. There was Corey Seger. Yeah, they do it right after the game. All right, there's Tress Baretta. Thress, 52 out of 99 for the Nationals. Nationals two, Alex. Alex V with that. 81 out of 99, that's Willie Castro. Big two-color patch and autograph. That's pretty cool. Tigers, that's gonna be from Matthew Stubblefield. Yeah, generally it's the winning team that gets the MVP. There have been a few occasions, Rex, in the major team sports where the loser, losing team got an MVP. But I think, I don't think it's happened this century. I think Jerry West, back in like the 1960s maybe, lost to the Celtics but got the MVP for the Lakers or something like that. I don't think it's not terribly common. Tony Gonslin, speaking of the World Champs. That's a 99. It's a 52 out of 99. Social signatures. There you go. I'm surprised his IG handle is not cat related. Dodgers two, Alex V. And oh, we got dual material booklets. Earl Dischabman and Jordan Hicks, 20 out of 25. There you go, dual relic and autograph, dual relic and autograph. One happy person, one sad person. No, only one happy person.  So those go to zero, that's for Kang. What a break for zero. That was easy. But Gonslin, I guess Gonslin does love cats. I guess his autograph almost looks like a cat. Fourth and final box here, pick your team, two. We've got more, we got a random team, a full case random team break too. And of course, plenty of teams in the picker teams. Oh, no, sorry, Sky High. I mean, how many hundreds of number blocks have we done? That one of one thing rarely happens. I think I see, yeah, you see a plate right there? You see how that corner is darkened a little bit? It's the telltale sign of a plate. Good luck, ladies and gentlemen. Here we go, final box. Jesus Lizardo, 69 out of 99. That'll be for Joe M and the A's. More A's, one out of 33.  We got Ronald Acuna Jr, 52 out of 99. Big colossal relic from Matt Medlin. We got Hall of Fame relic, Larry Walker, 31 out of 99. Class of 2020. Will they get to do speeches next year? I think they might be able to. Rockies, Patrick Davis with the rocks. Game war material. Ooh, and then we got Jalen Davis. I like the, I forgot what they call these, like midnight versions, maybe 16 out of 25. Nice patch, nice auto for my rivals, the giants. It's gonna go to Coppola. And we've got South Sider, Zach Collins, 83 out of 99. White Sox is a number block team. White Sox two, or White Sox three, Levi Johnson. I got another nice Mariners patch right here, Justin Dunn. 84 out of 99. That'll be for Aaron Pettit and the Mariners. Dun, dun, dun, dun. The plate is an on-plate autograph. Pedro Martinez for the Boston Red Sox. That's Chris Miller, who got the Red Sox straight up. Nice on-plate auto. I specifically love the on-plate autos. That's very nice. And there you go. Chris Miller, all aboard the Big Head Express. Woo-hoo! And the final book is gonna be Jake Fraley for Seattle Rookie Signature Jumbo Material, 17 out of 99 for Aaron Pettit. Big piece of his jersey right there. There you go. Oh, they're talking about tobacco baseball cards right here on MLB Network. Ken Burns, baseball. Nice, there you go, Aaron. Thanks for grabbing those teams last and no randomizers to do. Very nice finish. Thanks for watching, everyone. I'm Joe for jaspeakcasebraze.com. There's more of this in the store, so check it out and we'll break more with you next time. Bye-bye.


So, an extensive form is a tree, a specific vertex indicating this starting node, the starting point of the game. You have a cost for each player at each leaf node, leaf node or also called terminal node, a partition of the nodes of the tree into player sets. So, you partition the nodes of the tree into player sets. So, really all nodes, so I should be more precise here all nodes except for except the leaf node, except terminal nodes. These are partitioned into what are called player sets, a partition of the player sets to information sets. So, into information sets, the information sets have some requirements such that this same number of branches from each node in the same information set. Now, there is an additional condition which is also often put you will find this in some books. So, let me put that here as us with a star. The additional condition is that no node is descendant of another node in the same information set. So, I will come to why they all I will explain all of these things now. So, an extensive form is defined in this way. So, you have a tree, you take a particular node of the tree and that becomes your starting node. So, the game starts from that node. The nodes of the tree, the leaf nodes are where you list out the payoffs. So, what the game ends when you reach a leaf node. After that, at the leaf node, nobody plays, it is just a sort of a placeholder for you to know that the game has ended. So, what we call terminal state and control and so on.  There is a two-pole of payoffs listed for all the players at each leaf node. The other nodes of the tree are partitioned into what are called player sets. Player sets tell a player when it is his turn to play. So, when a particular node belongs to player 1's player set, it means that when the game comes to that node, it is player 1's turn to play. So, all the nodes have some of the other, it is a partition. So, which means all the nodes have some of the other player, every node has some of the other player assigned to it as the player whose turn it is to play. And again, it is a partition which means there is no conflict. There cannot be two players whose turn it is to play at that, at the same node. So, at every node, there is a player whose turn it is to play, exactly one player whose turn it is to play. Now, the player set of a particular player is a collection of nodes. This further is subdivided or partitioned into what we call information sets. And the understanding is that if one or more nodes are in the same information set, then the player cannot distinguish between the nodes in that information set. This is clear? So, if you go back here, let us take this structure, the node, this is your extensive form. The player sets are like this. This is the player set for player 1, just this node, single node. The player set for player 2 are these three nodes, this one, this one and this one. These have been further partitioned into two information sets. There is one information set here, this bubble. And there is another information set, trivial one here, which is this, clear? So, and the understanding is as I said, player cannot distinguish between any two nodes that are in the same information set. So, these two nodes for player 2 are in the same information set. So, then for him, these two nodes are actually the same. He has no way of distinguishing what between the two nodes. The extensive form also has this additional constraint that you cannot just arbitrarily subdivide nodes and create information sets. You can decide who plays where arbitrarily, more or less arbitrarily. But you cannot subdivide player sets arbitrarily and create information sets. And the reason for that is that there is this constraint that the same number of branches must come out of each node in the same information set. So, here these two nodes have the same number of branches coming out of them. So, these two nodes can be put in the same information set. If you imagine there was another strategy here, let us say, sorry, another action here for player 2, then these two could not have been in the same information set, that is not allowed. So, yeah. So, this is then the next natural question. So, why is it that, why is this requirement there? Exactly. So, this is basically coming out of the very consequence, out of the fact that player knows what actions are available to him. So, if there are more actions available here than there are here, then he could have distinguished between these two nodes. Then it does not make sense to say that they are in the same information set.  You are saying that he cannot distinguish between these two, but he can play, there is a distinct different other action which he can play at the other node. So, what this means is his actions are also a function of his information. The actions which means the actions available to him are a function of his information. So, if he has the same information, then it necessarily means that he has the same set of available actions. If there is another action available in some other scenario, then that means there is some reason for him to distinguish between that scenario and this scenario. 25. Yeah. You are there. Which, where would you add the phantom node? You say you had L2, M2, R2, 1. In, out here. Yeah. One of these. No. Yeah. No. Yeah. Yeah. So, then it could not have been the same. The game. Yeah. Yeah. Because there would be a different set of strategies. It would match, that could happen. That is a different problem. So, this is, then that is, we are not seeing that two games are equivalent if their answers match. That is not the claim, right? So, see, you could have added another phantom action here, for example, but then it would be a different game. And in some cases, now here, of course, this is zero sum, probably it would not matter. But if it is non-zero sum, it could create problems. Point is, you have to have, you need to respect the physics of the, of the situation here. That time is flowing in this particular direction, right? As we start from the root node down towards the leaf node, that the extensive form game keeps track of the exact history of actions that have taken place. Players may not know which node they are on, but when they take an action, it gets registered in the extensive form, right? That, so player 1 plays M1, but player 2 does not know whether it is M1 that has been played or L1. Then player 2 plays, say, L2. The game reaches this node. This is the exact history that has happened. And player 2 could not, the very fact that player 2 could not have distinguished between these two has to be reflected in the fact that he has the same set of actions. Now, here actually, this requirement is stated in a very mild way. It is saying that, you know, the same number of branches, really what you actually are asking for is the same action set, exact same action set. You know, technically, you are not even, shouldn't you, the actions, I have not given labels to the edges here, for example, what the labels are like L2, M2, R2 and so on. That is, I have ignored that part, because I just want you to focus on the structure. The point is that even if there was some label that was different, even he had the two same two actions, same number of actions, but two, but their names were different. So, he could have had the action to go up and down in one node and left and right in another node. But physically, left and right means different, something different from right up and down, then these are two different actions. So, the point is the player should have no reason to distinguish between these. So, the information should be exactly the same. And we have to, you know, whatever the ways by which he could have snooped in and figured out something about where he is, all of that has to be already factored in and there should be no other ways for him to know any, you know, about where he is after this. Is this clear? Now, this additional condition, last condition here is a more complicated condition. Here, what is happening is, let me, I will just tell you this briefly. So, here what it is disallowing is this. Suppose, there is a node here. So, let us say player 2 has to play here at this some node. So, it is part of some larger tree. And then there is another node, which is player 2's, which is also player 2's node. And these two nodes are in the same information set. So, now what this means is player 2 has taken and play this node, the second one, the one below follows from the one above. Means there is a sequence of actions after which this node is arising. Let us take for simplicity that it comes out of the immediate action. It follows from the immediate action. So, player 2 takes some action and then he gets to a next node. Let us call this node x, let us call this node y. He takes an action at node x. It goes, the game goes to node y. But we are saying that node x and node y are in the same information set of player 2. What is the meaning of this? So, it means that he is not even aware if he has taken an action. For him, it is the game, he has taken an action, the game has moved. The game is physically now at a different node. The history of the game has evolved. But he is not aware that he has in fact taken an action. Now, this you can allow or disallow. This condition is a form of absent-mindedness. You have done something but you do not remember that you have done it. Now, whether you allow absent-mindedness or not depends on the proportion of absent-minded people in the world. So, in game theories is rather large. So, we can allow this. I am not fully in favor of removing this. This is only a kind of a technical thing. Whether you want to allow for a player to, so when a player takes an action, is he actually aware that his action has in fact been taken? So, this I will give you an example. For instance, so a place where this is not just, I mean I am giving it, it is a form of absent-mindedness because I will like to give personalities to the player. But you do not have to think of it that way.  You take an action, it is supposed to spin you in one particular direction or turn you in some direction. The world around you looks exactly the same. You have no way of knowing whether you when after you press the button, whether your spaceship moved or not did not move. You will try to press it again. It is that sort of a situation. Essentially, there is no way for you to know whether the action that you supposedly took has in fact been taken. So, the game next time when maybe you press the button, then the spaceship will actually show you some, your new planet or whatever and you will know that it had worked. So, you have no way of knowing whether the button was not working or you had not taken the action or whatever. The action was not taken or the action was taken and yet the world looks the same. So, this leads to all sorts of almost nearly paradoxical type of situations. So, people tend to avoid it. It also leads to interesting questions. So, one can for their own sake you can include it. So, this is more of a let us say an optional condition as far as whether we allow this in the model or not. Yeah, not necessary. No, no, no, no, no. The reason is because again information. You can very well have situations where it is a, this is player one, let us say player one turn to play after which so player one plays and then again it is player one turn to play and you have these two in the same information set. Player one has played then two different he could have played say left or right and the game reaches one of these two if he plays L he gets to this note if he plays R he gets to this note. Now, what does this model tell me? So, he has played L or R whatever let us say he plays L the game comes here he play or he plays R and the game comes here. But when he comes to these one of these two notes he does not know whether it was whether he has got here due to his because he played L or because he got here because he has played R. He is basically forgotten what he played. He does know that he has played he remembers that he has played that is different from this where he does not even remember if he has in fact played. Is this clear? But he here he remembers that he has played but he does not remember what he had played between these two notes and so it is fine. So, your question was is it can you necessarily combine these two? The answer is no you there is a there is a genuine loss of information here again you will have to do it prove it properly. So, you cannot this there is a loss of information the loss of information is means that you cannot combine these two notes collapse them into one because no so it matters for example the what you would so player a player that plays L or R but cannot record whether he has played L or R and later has to then take an action is different from a player who has to play L and R and directly come to this these are very two different situations. See essentially when loss of information means it is essentially something is not being recorded in memory your chip does not have that memory or your brain does not have that memory whatever something is not being recorded as an event which has actually happened and I mean then to say that that that can in fact be collapsed to a situation to a case where he had that information is that is not true no collapse would work means. So, yeah there are there are you can in fact there are not only that the set of equilibria itself changes when you allow for information where you are with memory and without memory the set of strategies itself is changes and that leads to a different set of equilibria. So, if a player is node is following his own action right. So, player ones next node is following from his own action we cannot it is not necessary that you can combine these two into one sort of collapse them into one action. So, the essentially the game where you take two consecutive actions but you forget that the second instance you forget what you had played first is different from the game where you take one action collectively for as if you know at the collective action for the last step itself. Yeah, yeah of course, of course, of course he does not remember it could but it could matter. No, no, yeah it could it could exactly that is the point it could matter. So, I mean so, so this kind of these sort of things of loss of memory and so on are actually very very important I mean. So, if you if you go and watch some of my lectures in on stochastic control problems right this is essentially that the exact same thing that happens where you have a player taking sequence of actions but then there is a limited amount of memory from one step to the next step and or there is noisy memory you know there is memory but with corrupted with noise it qualitatively changes the problem. Yeah, we will do this and much more many more exotic ones. Okay, so can you tell me what are the how do I express a simultaneous move game as an extensive form. So, what is the simultaneous move how would I characterize the simultaneous move game as an extensive form game, which partition all of player 2's nodes should be in the same information. So, in short each player has only exactly one information set each player has exactly one information set this is a simultaneous move game why is this a simultaneous move game because if at least one player has more than one information set then that means that there is some situation in which that player has two pieces of there are two different two situations in which the player that player has two different pieces of information. If he has if there is only one information set which means regardless of what has happened he he has he really has just one information right. So, then if that is a simultaneous move game. So, each player has exactly one information set so our information set is equal to player set. So, that means at all the nodes that he is playing he is he has the same information and this is true for every player. So, the other extreme is the game of perfect information. So, what is the game of perfect information in which a game of perfect information is one where player knows exactly what which node he is at then what would that be each information set is a singleton right. So, there cannot there is no information set with more than one node in it. So, each information set so there are as many information sets as there are number of nodes in the player set. So, this is the other extreme which is called case of perfect information. Usually all the other games that we had which are so this one for this game for example is a game of I said imperfect information and it is also not a clearly not a simultaneous move game and it is imperfect information because some this second second player does not did not have access to this whether the first player whether he was at this node or this node. Now, the what are the strategies of a player. So, let us write this the set of strategies strategies of player i this is the set of strategies of player i these are. So, let us write let us say i i the set of information sets of player i. So, a strategy is going to be a mapping form an information set to the actions in that information set. So, let us write let us write let us say u i subscript eta i be the set of actions to player i at information set eta i in i and let us write capital U i as simply the union over eta i in i i of u i. So, this is set of all actions of player i. So, then what is the set of strategies of player i can be expressed this in terms of the notation we have just written. So, you have the set of information sets for the set of actions available at each information set. So, this set of strategies then is of is set of functions like this these functions will map each information set to an action each information set is being mapped to an action and then such and you have the constraint that at each information set you have to take an action from those that are available. So, you have to take an action this is the set of set of strategies. Now, as I had mentioned the way the game proceeds is that you start from the starting point of the tree that is in some players information set or player set he plays an action then someone else plays an action and so on and then eventually the game when it reaches a leaf node the game ends. So, at the leaf node you have the realized payoffs for all the player. Now, if I tell you the strategies if I tell you a profile of strategies gamma 1 to gamma n for my n players does this define for you a path through the tree starting from the root node to some leaf node it does because the first acting player takes some action whatever it is the node comes to it is going to be some turn of some player to play his strategy that player strategy will tell you what he is going to do in that information set wherever that node is then that guy then the next guy will play or whatever. So, every profile of strategies this defines a path from root root node to a leaf node or a terminal node. So, which means that each profile of strategies defines for you a payoff for each player. So, the payoff then for player i from the end from the strategies of the n players. So, this is there this defines for you a payoff. So, it is a way so if I give you a profile of strategies which are functions from the information sets to actions that defines for me a payoff for the players and then that define from that profile of that defines a payoff and once I have a payoff I can talk of a Nash equilibrium. So, once again we are in it is the same situation as before you players are picking their gammas which is their functions simultaneously. It is a simultaneous choice of the functions and so we can define the Nash equilibrium in the space of such functions. So, gamma 1 star to gamma n star is a Nash equilibrium if ji of gamma 1 star to gamma n star is less than equal to ji of gamma i comma gamma minus i star for all gamma i in capital gamma i that is it. And you can see this is basically our way of we have essentially generalized the way we were looking for Nash equilibrium by writing a normal form and so on this is what we were doing is effectively just this. This is also generalizing the way we were looking for Nash equilibrium of static games because static games are just a special case where each player has one information set.


This is TFNN the Tiger financial news network Good morning everyone Basel Chapman on this Tuesday the 27th of June. We're looking at the Dow up 56 at thirty three thousand seven seventy one Four subscribers to my opening call. We were expecting a leg a gray leg. Yeah, I call it above yesterday's doji candle high stopping and being testing the 14 and seven period exponential moving averages I wouldn't be surprised if some further buying comes in here very selectively I'm anticipating. There's a pattern that we call the dreaded H. That's a possibility this week And that means you rally up and then if it's only a peak a or a peak B and it turns around That's where we start to store and if we test yesterday's low In other words, if we take out let's say thirty three thousand five hundred the next couple of days or by Next week that's going to be a problem. But in the meantime, I'll be in a cell mode in the Dow We haven't even yet Hit a cell signal in the S&P. Yes, we're very close to a cell signal in the S&P Haven't got the yet the nine is still over the 14 qqq as an even better chart It's down or didn't say the S&P was down. I was but unchanged No, it's up 12 at forty three forty one looking at the qqq up 236 at three sixty point oh six the technicals here are all very good That I'm sorry the nine is over the 14 The magnies gone down the stochastic's gone down So we're waiting to see if the nine period flips underneath the 14 for a cell signal to maybe in a cell mode The IWM is in a cell mode. It's down Down to the 180 181 level of the being up at the 180 eighths and now we're looking at just 36 cents gold Gold is down six dollars at 1927 still weak technicals But it's the magnet of the 200 period moving average of 1937 that keeps attracting it and then repelling it looking at the bonds. Let's go to the bonds themselves Bonds are about unchanged down three thirty seconds at 128 and we're looking at crude on The crude oil is yeah crude oil is down again down 90 cents just stuck in this lower range I'll be back puzzle chapter does up 40 will be right back check out my opening call my dating newsletter And I'll see you in a few moments for the Tiger technicians out


Hey, this is Brett with Summit Auto, and today I'm excited to show you one of our brand new 2021 Dodge Challenger RT Scat Packs. This car has the 6.4-liter V8 Hemi engine, puts out 485 horsepower, 475 foot-pounds of torque. It's going to get you 15 miles per gallon on the city, in the city, 24 on the highway, and an average of 18 miles per gallon. Indigo blue is the color on this car. We're going to go all the way around under the hood, start it up, take a look at the interior in this video, and we shoot all of our videos in 4K. So if you have HD capabilities on your computer, tablet, smartphone, or television, turn them on right now because it is your best way to check out the looks, styling options, and everything that this car has to offer and the color. You can see you get the 392 Hemi shaker hood, comes with 20-inch painted alloy rims. You get the SRT8 Brembo 6-piston front caliper brakes, and it has Pirelli P0 275 40 ZR20 tires. You get the Superbeat logo there. Indigo blue is such a, it's really a rich blue, and it does have some metal flake in it. So you have those HD capabilities on right now. Check out that metal flake. We'll take a look at the original window sticker. Feel free to pause this. I'm not going to go through absolutely everything, but most of it, but you can pause it. See if this one's got all the options you're looking for. 2021 Challenger RT Scat Pack, Indigo blue, black interior, everything on the left there is your standard equipment. You get the Dynamics package, which is a $23.95 option, 20x9.5 forged painted aluminum wheels. ABS Brembo 6-piston front caliper brakes, flat-bomb steering wheel, Pirelli brand tires. Subwoofer convenience group is $12.95. You get blind spot and cross-path detection, and the HID headlamps. Power multi-function mirrors with manual fold-away. Harman Kardon audio group with Subwoofer is $17.95, and the shaker package is $2,595.  You get the Torque Flight 8-speed automatic transmission, which is $1,595. Scat Pack Bumblebee Stripe is $495. Adaptive damping suspension is $995. The summer tires are $695, and the UConnect 4C nav is $995. Total MSRP on this car is $56.225. If you want to get your summit price in the upper right hand part of the screen, we have a link to our website for get your rebates and incentives on this car. Three-year 36 bumper-to-bumper, five-year 60 powertrain. There are your miles per gallon, fuel economy and small gradients, and overall government five-star safety radians, five and four stars up and on the board, very safe car. You get that shaker badge right there on the dash. You get the Brembo brakes in back, but they're not quite as big. There's that Bumblebee Stripe they were talking about on the window sticker there. You get the LED tail lamps, backup parking sensors, the dual rear exhaust. We'll take a look inside the trunk as long as we're back here. And that subwoofer is right there. It actually comes with two subwoofers. You get a tire inflator kit, and your battery is located back here as well. Those back seats do fold down for extra storage.   Inside the RT package gives you the black cloth interior, the hound's tooth design on the seats. And the scat pack package gives you the Bumblebee or Rumblebee stitched into the backrest. Sidecar and airbags, back seats haven't changed much since these came out. As auto headlamps, you get the Harman Kardon logo right there. Power windows, power locks, and power mirrors. We'll check out all the instrument clusters and radio and everything that this car has to offer on the interior. You get the shaker animation at the beginning, and you can see you get a digital speedometer. You can change all the corners to read different things, such as miles per gallon, miles to empty, trip, all that good stuff. It's all configurable. And notice you get that white faced instrument cluster. The flat bottom steering wheel. The steering wheel is heated. Cruise controls on the right, Bluetooth and information center controls on the left, and paddle shifters on the steering wheel. You also get audio controls in the back of the steering wheel. This one has the 8.4 4C radio, AM, FMN, Sirius XM radio capabilities. You can see you do get the factory navigation on here, and you get the heated seats and heated steering wheel buttons there as well. Now you've got all your different apps on here, including the SRT dashboard. You also have projection manager. You can project your cell phone to the screen via Android Auto or Apple CarPlay. We actually did demo on Android Auto on an 8 4C. If you want to check out that, it's in the upper right hand part of the screen. But you have your performance pages, which they take a second to load. So while they're loading, I will say that you do get your more tactile climate controls down here. You have a launch mode, your different drive modes, which basically takes you to the SRT pages on there. So on the performance pages, you have your different gauges that you have. And then you have timers, 0 to 60, 60 feet, 330 feet, eighth mile, quarter mile, and 1,000 feet. And you can record those and export them and stuff like that. You also have GeForce, your engine, and your dyno when the car is running. That looks a little different. Anyways, if you go to your drive modes, it probably, yeah, I got to be in run for the drive mode. You have launch control, you have your different, you have your SRT dashboard here. You can do your drive modes, track, sport, custom, automatic, you can do your race options here, line lock, launch control, active line lock. So a lot of stuff you can do with this radio and just a really nice radio overall. And I'll show you the backup camera in just a second, but you get this kind of like textured silver trim on the center console and dash around the radio. You get assist and SOS buttons in the rear view mirror. And you also get home link buttons for your garage door security systems and lighting systems as well as map lights. And the passenger side seat, that's trimmed out just like the drivers. And you do get some map lights up in the ceiling there as well. All right, let's start this baby up and take a look under the hood. These always sound so good. The 6.4 is just a really good sounding engine. There's your backup camera that's working nicely. Now let's take a look under the hood. I would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today. And hopefully from this HD video, you will have been able to get a really good idea of the overall looks, styling, options on this particular car. You have to check out the Indigo Blue and the Shaker package on a 6.4. Once again, 15 miles per gallon in the city, 24 highway for an average of 18 miles per gallon. And you get the Mopar cold air intake there as well as the functional hood scoop. You get that Shaker logo as well. Let's see how that looks. And there's your mission sticker. And just a really good looking car would probably be on my top choice for a challenger. And you get those HID headlamps, the LED running lights right there as well. Also, you get the Rambai air intake there. We're actually just Dodge logos, so it's kind of cool. And really a good looking car, Indigo Blue. Thanks for checking out the video. And hopefully you learned a lot about the 2021 Dodge Challenger RT Scat Pack with the Shaker package in Indigo Blue. Thanks for checking out the video. Remember to like, subscribe, and share. If you want to see more pictures of this car, one of our other 450 new and used cars, trucks, SCVs, minivans, Wranglers, sports cars, challengers, chargers, you name it. We got to go to that website right there, www.summitauto.com, full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle from two locations. All at www.summitauto.com. And if you'd like to check out more HD videos, you can go to www.youtube.com slash www.summitauto.com. Remember to like, subscribe, and share on this video and all the videos you see there. Click the bell notifications. You'll get updates on the videos we do each and every day here at Summit Automotive. In fact, in a second, you will see a link to subscribe to our YouTube channel on the upper left. A link to more Dodge Challenger videos like this one on the upper right, a link to this vehicle on our website on the lower left, and a link to one of our latest YouTube videos on the lower right. Click those check us out and we're super excited to be offering the 2021 Dodge Challenger RT Scat Pack with the Shaker package and Indigo Blue Metallic. Thanks again for checking out the video. Remember to like, subscribe, and share.


Hello and welcome to the session. My name is Mansi and I am going to help you with the following question. The question here says if A equals to the set 3,6,9,12,15,18,21, B equals to the set 4,8,12,16,20, C equals to the set 2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16 and D equals to the set 5,10,15,20 then find the ninth part that is C minus B. Let us see the solution to this one. We see that C minus B is the set 2,6,10,14 and this is our answer to this question. I hope you understood the question and enjoyed the session. Have a good day.


To begin with, start with assessment and evaluation and feedback and the two big questions related to this topic are how do we or how should we measure quality in education and that gets to the real heart of really what is worth learning within our school context.