one-on-one. Here we gonna talk, we gonna have fun. We be on fire, we be lily.     Name another podcast like this. We're gonna bring it to the table, boss talk. Check it, check it, check it, this unique hustle is your boy, he's CEO, and I'm here with the lovely, amazing official, Miss Jamaica, what's going on? Hey man, check it man, hey man, guess what just happened man? We just landed in Chicago, man. It's going down, man. Hey man, he's cast down here, man. Hey, they a little bit different, man. I've been listening to this music, man. This music is going down, you hear me? Man, hey man, and he young niggas is here, man. I was coming down here to do a, you know, I said I was coming to do a couple of these pioneers, man, and he cast right here there. Everybody know where everybody when they see him on the podcast. Oh yeah, he was on Gila the Kid. Oh yeah, he was on this, he was on this. But what about when I do this to him right here, man? Check it, man. It's that boy, little Chris in the building, man. Man, how you doing, man? Man, cool, man. Man, it's good to have you, man. Thank you for coming on our show, man. Man, I'm glad to be. Hell, man, you know. Man, hey, man. So, hey, man, just tell me, you know, man, being from down here, man, you know, you hear all the stories, man. You know what I'm saying? You hear everything about what's going on. We going to get into all that. We about to get in your background. This is what we do on Boss Talk. It's just a conversation. We just talking. So, you know, what would you think about it, Miss Jamaica? How you liking Chicago, man? We down here. No, I love Chicago. Yeah, we've been down here before. So, you know what I'm saying? But we never had Boss Talk when we was down there before. So Boss Talk is just a year old. So when we, man, when we started Boss Talk, we never knew it was going to take off like this. And it just, bam, just took off. So what I love the most about Chicago, this trip around is the people. Everybody has been just talking to us and having us, you know, feel welcome and stuff like that. So that's what I love the most about it. Yeah. Other than that, of course, I love the water. Well, the people talked to us the first time. It just was the white people. We stayed at the W.  We had heard all these horror stories when we came back. We came to Naperville, you know what I'm saying? We are. We really wasn't trying to hear this in the city stuff. They got scared to come in on the south side and on the west side. This time, I just happened to get some of that chicken. What's the name of that chicken place down there? Harold's Chicken. Yeah. I had stopped by Harold. And CC, it is not the best. OK, so you said they better than Rudy's better than Rudy's. Check it, man. At all. Texas, man. Not even better than what you call it, the one down there. And is it Mississippi or Alabama? Green Acres down there. It's in Birmingham, Alabama. Touch Green Acres much less. No, I ain't gonna.  I'm not hating on them. The one we went to today, we there's a chain of these things around here. So we want to make sure we didn't just, you know, jump off in the wrong one. So we got to hit that right one, man. Look, Chris, what's up, man? So what are they banging at? Nigga, nah, I'm just kidding. No, man. So, man, being from down here, man, growing up as a kid, man, speak right up to the mic. What part of Chicago are you from? South side. Oh, that boy from the south side. So how is it? Yeah. How is it, man? You grew up here, born and raised. Yeah, man, born and raised, man. I mean, if you don't go on the wrong street, man, you would be smooth. That's all. Really? You just got to be cool. That's all, man. So you say going on the wrong street. Explain, like, what's the wrong street? Nigga, I don't know. No streets, nigga. It's a lot going down, you know?  You feel me?  You feel me?   Watch those serenades. Is this gangs, gang related? It is gangs. That's all. That's all it is. OK, but it's gangs out here is not like gangs in LA. No, man. It's totally different. They both different, but they got their own poison. Where did gangs out here originate? Is it just from out here? Because, you know, you had, you have, you have a history of stumb down history out here. You got the gang's disciples. You got the vice lords.  Yeah, yeah, all that. So, you know, you got that originated from here. Yeah, that's that's that's here. OK, yeah, you I wasn't sure it originated from here. Because that's how you have Bloods and Crips that originated from LA, but it has spread all around the world. That's why I'm trying to figure out was it originated somewhere else and then start, you know, came here. It ain't really yet. No more people making their own games. So it's a lot of man, it's funny, man. Like you grew up here, right?  So how did how did you what you didn't have parents? So what do you mean by now? I'm my auntie. Why you don't know your dad? Yeah, I know my dad. I'll be around my post all the time. He was just locked up, you know, OK. How old were you? I was like, what? Seven. Seven. So you remember him being there for you before seven or you don't remember that? Oh, yeah, I remember. Yeah, I remember a little glimpse of, you know, I was young. So how long was he young? About what? From nine, it was like a couple of years, like 10 years. 10 years. Yeah.   So you never seen or never met in your life? I mean, yeah, I've been around when I was younger. I mean, but was it drugs? No, I ain't want no drugs and nothing like that, man.   No, I did. How old was it when? I don't know.  So that time, man, you can't be chasing people when you get a certain age. You like, man, you can't feel me. So you basically, you were young and she really just wasn't there. Like she should be as a mother. I mean, yeah, she was at the time. Like, you know, I go over a crib and all my auntie would drop me off over there. You feel me like. So your auntie had had custody of you? Yeah. So your auntie really raised you?  Oh, my dad, auntie. That's my great auntie. Oh, your dad, auntie. Okay. And so you, what would have caused parents to disconnect from a child like that? You see what I'm saying? I know the system will catch you up. 10 years and definitely, yeah. So did you ever have to, did you ever...  Nah, I got like, I like seven, seven. Yeah, seven brothers and sisters. I got five brothers and three sisters or something. By a different mom than that. But are you the only one by the same mom than that? Yeah. Okay. So you weren't the only one going through this or... Nah, man.  How did that make you feel? As much as you had your grand aunt there for you, giving you support, how did it feel not to be able to have your mom and your dad in your life growing up as a young man?      So I'll do it.  So you feel me, I wanted that.  Yeah. So you liked to have to do what you like. What you, what's the, what's, you get to say designing me, what's that B.B. Simon, what is that? Nigga, what you wearing, Gucci, Fendi, that Dochi, Dior, Prada, you like all that designer? No, not now, man. But back then you did. Yeah, back then I really wanted it. You know, I think people sometime now like kind of back off from like designing like that. It's kind of like people beginning to wear their own brand a lot, bro. Like people like, I'm going to go create this myself. I don't want stuff to feel like that. I've been seeing that way for a minute now. Yeah, I have been, but that's good. Or they'll promote other black owned businesses that promote other people's business, their friends, people that they really support. You know what I mean? Well, back in the days they did that. You, y'all was too young to remember, but back during the Africa Bambada and like the African flags and stuff, people were more prone to wear things to represent our people. Our culture. We would stick their hands up, power to the people. And it was, there was a real, we embraced each other more at the time. So I hope we're getting back to that. But okay, look, Chris, you in Chicago, what side of town are you on? Are you on? Okay, I'm not from here, nigga. When I think about this town, I think about Little Dirk. I think about Chief Keef. I think about Kanye West. I think about Obama, Michelle Obama. I'm trying to figure this thing out. You know what I'm saying? I'm here in your city. You from the South side, you basically, you don't, I know you're doing your thing. You love your music. What made you jump into music, man? And how old were you? I was like, I've been into music.  Or my cousin, you know what I mean? He started, he was like, man, he might as well take a seat.  What position? Running back. You want to put you running in the 40, nigga, stop capping on my show, nigga. What you running in the 40, nigga? What you running? No, I ain't no dancing. You ain't running on pole too? I ain't do none of that. I just ran the ball, man.  Or would you, you know, I'm from Dallas, well, I live in Dallas, I'm from Texas.  Oh, would you refrigerate a pear or something? You wasn't even born when that nigga was running the ball.  He quit on your AB, nigga, nigga, Lee, y'all.   My boy Taylor Gabriel, shout out, man. That's my guy. Yeah, that's my, he grew up in my store as a kid. He, before he got to y'all, he was with me. Yeah, man, but I don't, you be hurt behind him when they be losing. Like, damn, man. I'll be trippin'. So let me help me understand, man, like, like, what is it, what is it that makes you wanna rap and whose style would you say you kinda, like, they would compare you to when you, when you rappin'. When you drop in lyrics, who would they say you, like, he run like, say to have you heard that, people say? Mm-hmm. Me? I got my own stuff, I don't rap like nobody. So you different from everybody? Yeah, yeah, yeah. Really? So I'm versatile and all that. You go hard in the pain? So I don't really rap like nobody. I don't feel like that.  Mm-hmm, mm-hmm. Yeah, I'm out. A lot of people usually end up tend, have tendencies to rap like the person that they look up to most. The person that they, when you first started listening to rap music, the songs that you like, that rapper, that man. Man, I swear. So you didn't just like anyone? Keith. Oh, okay. So you have a Chicago style of rapping? Yeah. I mean, that's what I grew up listening to, like, feel me like, or if I'm in that, like in my auntie car or something, you know, she put on the jazz, you know. She put on her jams, I mean.  Hip hop, feel me?  So where do you see the rap taking you? I mean. What do you want to get out of it? I just want to feed my family out of, like, get everybody out of the struggle. Man, they don't feel good to struggle. You feel me? Like, it's a lot of people that's trying to make it for real. You feel me? I just want to help me. You know, people like, you feel me? Get to where they going? Already. They feel good, man. We already got life hard, man. You feel me? You might as well as how I have money. You know, help everybody else. What are you doing to get there? I mean, right now I'm trying. Other than just rapping, but like, business-wise, building a team-wise, research, I mean, just anything. Like, as far as rapping and stuff? Rapping or being a brand, because that's what a rapper is in today's society. You have to be your own brand.  Like, that's a hobby. I don't really, I don't even take any serious for real. I'll be, like, putting stuff on YouTube, you know? I know how to put it up, I don't even feel me, like, all the platforms and stuff, but... What's been your biggest impact when you did that? Something like, damn, this is getting good traction.  I seen the views go up.  I swear, you know, I ain't never had, like, I wanted a thousand views of Real Bad before, so I ain't never had that before. So when I hit a thousand views and then kept going, I'm like, damn, I keep doing it, I'm just keep doing it, damn, yeah. Y'all ready, man? I'm gonna try to find you a beat. Step, mess with them, with a little bit for me. Hey, boy, I say he gonna drive me 16. Let's see what the boy got. You all boss talk 101, man. Let's go, boss talk 101, man. Look, quickly, get it. Rico, got that fire, got that fire. You don't wanna smoke with me, let's get this understood.  If you ever ask what's wrong with me, I always say I'm good. I release all this pain, then one thing, and that's this wood. If you ever say what's down, I'm coming rushing, we know coming out. I got those rap, so you come in and splat. I know some niggas come back and they, yeah, I'm on the back, I'm on the back and I'm front end. I'm free to back and I'm front end. Baby, she come in, she runnin'. I'm on the top of the back, trumpin' up on my floor. These niggas know how I go. These niggas know how, these niggas know how I don't talk. Yeah, these niggas know how I come back. I got the rap, it's come back and I'm slat. I got the rap. Yeah, man, hold up, man. Yeah, man, hold up. Hey, man, I love the flow. Hey, I love the flow, man. You just like to keep going. I'm really freestyle. Isn't it? Really freestyle, let me say, man. I got this young nigga in there fired up. We gon', yeah, yeah, yeah. So that's the one you like. I like that shit, man. That's cool. Man, how you feel when you be rapping, man? You be lovin' to just rap. Yeah, I just be throwin'. Yeah, man, I mean, that's what when I be gettin' fired up with my homies and stuff, feelin' me out at the beginning.  Just sayin' anything, man. Yeah, let me ask you this, man. You mentioned earlier that you had brothers and sisters, man. How do you ever, do you ever try to look out for them and they're younger than you?  Feelin' me, I'll be around like, you know, a brother. You feelin' me, like, I'll be around whatever they mean.  They like, what, seven, eight? I got one, like, another sister, she a little baby. That's my, I know my momma got a baby, so, you know. Wow. Yeah, it's me and my sister. So what do they say when they see you? They be happy. Yeah, they be happy to see me, yeah. My big brother, right? My sister needs to be up on me, man. They feel me. Oh, yeah? Yeah, she be smiling every time she see me butting, man. She be puttin' a pause on me. She be puttin' a pause on you? Man, that's the way it be, man. Like, you the family, you the big brother, man. You gotta stop through there and check them out whenever you get an opportunity, man. That right there, you know, help them so much, right? Don't you agree? Mm-hmm. Because they goin' through it. Sometimes people be goin' through it, man, and at the end of the day, just to see you is somethin' that'll make them feel so much better. Right, and then you might be goin' through it just for you to see them. It makes you feel better as well. Definitely. Yeah, man, I'ma chop that up. But I got a question. Tell me your top three artists of all time down in the live. Any genre. So it doesn't have to just be rap. Did or love. Mm-hmm. Chief Keef. Why be givin' them niggas? Hey, all black. Shot time, really, Chief Keef had this on lock for a minute. Y'all niggas tryin' to act like y'all don't know but y'all know what a deal. Yeah, for real, nah, but he ain't done that. So who's your number one? Probably good, so. Pop. Okay, number two. Give me somethin', nigga. That nigga said, Pop, nigga, Pop birthday tomorrow. Niggas stop playin', nigga. You niggas better respect Pop, nigga. Let's go. Number two. Biggie, man. Biggie, right behind it. So in the past, you know, felt that torn feelin' like I have to pick Biggie or Pop.  I don't know too much about him. I just heard a story about him and stuff. Listen to that music. Listen to that music and you feel me and like really hit a story for real. So, man, but Pop, man, I really feel me. I can relate to a lot of what he's saying. You feel me a lot. What he's saying, shit's still happening today.  He say, I smoke a blunt to take my pain out and if I wasn't high, I'd probably try to blow my brains out. I'm hopeless. They should've killed me as a baby but now they got me trapped in the storm. I'm going crazy. Forgive me. They wanna see me in my casket and if I don't die, I'll be a victim of them bastards. Y'all not ready, man. Y'all don't know the pocket real, bro.  You know what I'm saying? And who was your number three? Number three. Biggie say, I'll let my, hold on. Biggie say, I'll let my tape rock till my tape pop.  At the time of when that cassette tape go all the way to the end, they go, that big go pop nigga. You have to flip it over to the other side. That's an old school nigga. That's an old school nigga. That's why he said that. He said, I never thought it could happen. Just rapping stuff. I was too used to packing gats and stuff. Y'all, you know, these niggas was rapping, man. When it wasn't even nobody was doing it like they was doing it either. So who was that number three? Number three. Chief Keith. He said he was in there. I knew it. I knew you were gonna say Chief Keith there by the nigga. I just asked somebody did Chief Keith create drill, didn't I? And yes, guess what he did? Man, so. That's the creator of that, man. Everybody rapping, man. Everybody rapping. Everybody drill rapping, man. But what about Lil Durk and Lil Durk, man? Do you listen to them? Yeah, definitely, man. I listen to Durk Harlem. Everybody does, you feel me? Lil Durk is one of them guys? Yeah. How did it affect you when King Vaughn got killed?  I mean. Because he was in Atlanta, right? Yeah, I ain't from over there, I feel me. I know a couple people from over there. Yeah.  Did you listen to him? Yeah, yeah, yeah. I'll be listening to him, but you know, I mean, it had definitely affected the city. You feel me? You feel me? He cared about this. You feel me? It's blocked, so, you know? I mean, he real, he's Chicago legend, you feel me?  You feel me? It's community.  He getting for the rap shit, man. You feel me?  Like, a lot of people don't come back to the hood and be like, oh, you feel me? Give y'all some bread. Got niggas giving sandwiches and shit, man. I never was in the room with King Vaughn. I've been in the room with Chief Keith, you know? But I never been in the room with King Vaughn, you know? So, it's just, but I definitely shout out to Asian Doll. Asian Doll is from Dallas, so that was his, that was his, you know, his girl when he passed away. So, you know, that's the kind of stuff that I do know that she probably, when I do interview those questions will come up, you know what I'm saying? There's another guy down here, Duc, what's his name? FBG Duc. FBG Duc. Was he from your side of town or no? So, he from, what place is he from? 63rd. 63rd? So, that's a different side of town. So, you know, Chicago is different, man. So, it's got East Side, West Side. So, you couldn't go to his side of town? I can go wherever I want to, but. You got to be just, you got to stay ready, right? So, you got to be ready for whatever, feeling like. Like, if you go to certain parts of town, do people automatically know you're not from that side of that town?     Like, most of these people are raised amongst each other.  Slipping. Like, who is that? I mean, it was like, we, like, we asked him, like, where you from? Like, where you feeling like, where you going? Like, maybe, there ain't gonna be nobody. It was, you know, you guys, you might've been too young to remember. I ain't done nothing to be happening on my block, man.  Well, it's a show that was on TV called Empire. And they had a guy by the name of Jesse Smollett.  He was, and, but they ended up saying that it wasn't true, you know what I'm saying? And I just was saying, in Chicago, man, you had two, three in the morning, there's people out at night. Yeah. Not too many people, like, as it is, if it's early, but. It'd be people out there all night? Yeah, yeah. Said I'd be out all night, man.  What was this guy name? He was, he was affiliated with that duck guy. Oh, he was talking about cash, man. Cash, what's his name? FBG Cash, I'm feeling it. FBG Cash. Yeah. And that was here, no, that was that in Chicago that he got killed? Yeah, I think so, yeah. Wow. So, dude, when you hear about this stuff, because this happening all the time, do you, how does that affect you? It's normal for you. It's just normal, because you've been born into it. Is it like every week something crazy happens? Yeah, about every day, not every week. So, yeah. What would change that? Shit, nothing. Nothing? Nothing. Not even like, say, politicians come up and start trying to do right by the people, try to get everything, no? Why? Because it just don't want to change?  Yes, man, way before it. So, just because it's been going on for generations in the past, I mean that there's no possibility of change? Because people, man, I mean revenge, people got their own feelings and people were like, if they got that in their heart, they want to kiss somebody, feelin' they gon' do it. Got you.  You keep it all to say. Why? Man, it's just because it just made me who I am, it feelin' me like everything, I feel like everything do happen for a reason, like it's gon', everything got a cause and effect.  So, if you feelin' me like, it's just on how you built, you feelin' me? Crazy part about it is, man, you on Boss Talk 101, man, a lot of people tryin' to get on this station, man, it's crazy how it happened that you got here, man. Shout out to your Ken people over there, man, that may have happened, man. I ain't never did no part, it was my first.   That's your manager, nigga, you don't even realize it. He definitely said he's your manager. I'm your manager. That's for real, that's your manager, man. So, at the end of the day, for him to make that move for you, that's what managers do.  When you ain't even thinkin' about them, they thinkin' about you. So, that's love, man. Big love, man, so you gotta keep them kinda round, man. That's genuine, you know. So, how can people get a hold of your own IG? You can follow me, man, I love Chris, 223 underscore. Okay, and you gon' follow Boss Talk today. You gon' tap in, cause you gotta tap in, and anytime, you know what I'm sayin'? If you ever in Texas, you gon' come see me in Dallas. If I'm ever in the shot, I'm gon' get you back on the show, man. We gon' keep this thing rollin', man. Is it anything, do we leave anything out? Anything you wanna shout out? Anybody you wanna shout out? Some of the people that mean a lot to you? Man, shout out to everybody that been rockin' with me, man.   So, I can help everybody else out. That's dope, man. That's what it is. Man. If I ever get on, I feel it. I know if, yeah, no, you doin' your thing.  Check it, man. Say, man, it's been another great segment. Oh, Boss Talk on the one. What a Boss talk, man. And we out.


Christmas. Santa here. Santa Mountain View Dodge. You know why I'm a Mountain View Dodge? Because of this baby right here. Sometimes my reindeer, they just don't cut it. There's some weather they can't get through. Even Rudolph with that bright nose. But you know what? This is awesome. And you're thinking, Santa, it's a challenger. It's a summer car. Yes it is. But. Oh, so happy. This is all-wheel drive. So that means year round. Santa can drive this day and night. All year round. Snow? No big deal for Santa. And his trusty steed. The challenger. V6. Great fuel economy. All-wheel drive power. And all the other luxuries and amenities of the challenger. Come and see St. Nick. If I'm not at the dealership because I'm going to be pretty busy here the next few weeks, get ready. Come and see my friend, Dean. Dean. He's going to help you out. He'll get you into a nice challenger. You don't like the yellow? He'll find you another color. About this yellow one. Oh, she's so nice. Santa loves this one. See you soon.


As you know, we've been very closely tracking the travels of President Obama. He had a month of symmetry last month, and our speaker today was with him in all those very tough places to be, Khan, France, Honolulu, Hawaii, and Bali, Indonesia. But I suspect that you didn't get much of a chance to really enjoy the beach in any of those places. But we have to really celebrate this time because obviously the United States is refocusing on Southeast Asia. A lot of that effort centers on the largest country and the largest economy in Southeast Asia. That's Indonesia. And we couldn't do what we're trying to do by more deeply engaging the region without a very good, solid foundation in our relationship with Indonesia. This morning's speaker is the architect of a lot of that effort. Ambassador Dino Dijal is a good friend. He is, for those of you who follow him on Twitter, you know that he very rarely sleeps. He also takes time somehow to train for a marathon. He just finished the New York marathon for those of you that didn't know. I noticed on Twitter that there's a group of Indonesians who ran that marathon from pretty impressive runners. So I wanted to thank Dino for breaking training and joining us here this morning. He's just been back from this November of Summatory. His perspectives and Indonesia's perspectives are, as I said, fundamentally important to where we take these, the follow-up from these meetings. So I'm not surprised that we've packed the house this morning. For those of you who are coming in late, Henrietta, please go ahead and fill in the front seats here. As Dino called them, the scary seats, you know. But I'd like you to join me in welcoming a good friend and our speaker for the Banyan Tree Leadership Forum today, Ambassador from Indonesia, Dino Dijal. Thank you, Ernie, and thank you CSIS for organizing this brief. And you mentioned about the marathon. Actually, that must be one of the highlights of my stay in the U.S. And I think it was a wake-up call to me as well, because I didn't really train for the marathon. I just believed that, hey, just get off the plane and just put on your shoes and run. That's how naively I approached the marathon event. But apparently, every half hour, my legs creamed to my brain. Are you kidding me? And I ran for seven hours. Can you believe it? And the only thing that sustained me was the fact that my son, five-year-old Kiana, was waiting at the finish line. And so there's no way for me not to finish it. I had to finish it. But he had to wait seven hours for me. Good. I also need to apologize about the title. I think we had a very sexy Hollywood title for today, which is the insider's view of what happened in Bali and so on. I think that's Ernie's skill in coming up with good titles. But I just want to make sure that WikiLeaks is not offended that, you know, I'm not, I don't have any juicy stuff to spill to you. But what I do want to do is to give you a better update and brief about what's happening, what happened in Bali. But one anecdote I want to share with you was I finally got a bit more appreciation for the security forces that protected Obama. There was a moment in the morning when I'm supposed to attend the signing of a Boeing lion deal, $22 billion deal. It was an event that I had looked forward to. So I went to the room and the security guy, despite the fact that I told him I was the ambassador, really, what do you call it, flash this and that and ask me who are you, blah, blah, blah, you know. Gave me a hard time but I passed and then I looked back and everybody went through the same motion. So I said, okay, fine, but I went in there and then not long after President Obama came and greeted us and we were in the holding room together. And then after a while, an aide came and said, okay, we are ready for the signing now. So we moved from the holding room and we proceeded to the signing room. But the door was locked. So one guy tried to open, another security guy tried to open and even President Obama himself tried to open the locker, you know, like this, you know. And that's when I realized, okay, the security is good, you know, they were so strict, they even kept President Obama out of his own signing. That's a true story, by the way. But I think President Obama also had a memorable visit. The one thing that struck me was when he got off the plane from the airport to the hotel, it was about 30 minute ride. And along the road, left and right, people were just lining up to greet him. They were waiting, they had been waiting for hours and they were waving at him and so on and so on. There was strong affection that was showed to President Obama. I'm sure he felt that because I think we had many leaders who came to Bali, about 18, 20 leaders who came. But that one special affection where people lined up by the thousands on the street were only displayed during President Obama's arrival in Bali. I think it's something that even our politicians were envious to see. Let me give you a little bit about the background before I give you the substance of what happened in Bali. We had a good buildup to the ASEAN and ASEAN plus one, ASEAN plus three and East Asia Summit meeting. There was a lot of anticipation. Some degree of exhaustion because a lot of the leaders had taken part in the G20 and also at APEC. And this is meetings, three big meetings that took place in three continents covering three time zones. And within a space of two, three weeks. So it's very hectic diplomatic agenda squeeze into the month of November. And this was the last, the East Asia Summit was the last big meetings that we all had attend for the year of 2011. Of course, we're all excited that there are new members. America was taking place finally and Russia also. But because Russia was represented at the foreign minister level, there's much more spotlight on President Obama at the meeting. There was a feeling that due to the participation of America and Russia, regional architecture was getting stronger. And East Asia Summit was more relevant in addressing regional and global issues. There was some news about the America's enhanced military or marine presence in Darwin at the time. It was announced by President Obama in Australia. Media made much play about it. And they tried to stoke some kind of conflict or confrontation or new tension going back to Cold War rivalry in the region. But to be honest, none of the leaders were buying that. We knew in Indonesia that this was going to happen. And we were not worried about it because Australia was a strategic partner for Indonesia. And America also was a strategic partner. So we were not worried. And what was depicted by the media was not accurate. Around the meeting, we also had themes of Pacific Century come in out of the United States. Secretary Hillary Clinton wrote about the Pacific Century in foreign policy. My president read it himself. He liked the article. And in Hawaii, Secretary Clinton delivered also that same strong speech about the Pacific Century and that the 21st century would be America's Pacific Century, that America would now move the strategic pivot from the Middle East to the Asia Pacific. And of course, this is something also that was said by President Obama during the APEC CO summit. And in fact, my president, when he gave a speech at the APEC CO summit, he also spoke about what he called not the Pacific Century, but the Asia Pacific Century. This is the first time my president used that term. And I think he wanted to send a signal that the 21st century still belongs to Asia, including China and America, Asia Pacific. The only slight difference I would say is that if in the Pacific Century, the geopolitical arena is the Pacific Ocean, in the Asia Pacific Century, the Indonesian version, we count the Pacific Ocean as well as the Indian Ocean, which we think will be the strategic ocean of the future. But that also has the effect of adding more grand strategic vision to the events in Bali. In the region itself, we saw, we were all concerned about what happened in Thailand with the floods. We were very grateful that Prime Minister Ying Lak came to Bali, although she did miss the APEC summit. And we also were encouraged by the positive, positive developments in Myanmar. We were a bit concerned about heightened tension in the South China Sea, but we expected this to be discussed in one of the forums in Bali. And on top of that, there's a lot of feel-good nationalist pride in Indonesia and run up to the East Asia Summit. We were hosting the Sea Games, the Southeast Asia Games. Indonesia won, I think, the most gold medals, but we lost the most important one, which is the football match against Malaysia, which is why I'm not speaking to our Malaysian colleague who is standing in the middle. And our economy is growing at 6.5% Indonesian economy this year. The ASEAN economies altogether are growing on average of 7.4%, which is significantly higher than the global growth average of 5%. And the American trade with the region with ASEAN is up 27% in 2010 to 180 billion. And the American FDI to the region is up 100%. So in contrast to the G20, which was held in Cannes, and as Ernie said, I was there as well, and I could feel the mood. There was a mood of declining confidence, of concern, a crisis of confidence. The meeting in Bali, in contrast, was a meeting of high expectations, a lot of confidence, a lot of expectations and attentions, and talks about new energy and new movements in Asia, not just diplomatically, but also strategically and economically. And as if all this was not enough, I had to continually monitor a certain Twitter by a very important American who was in Bali at the time, and the name was Paris Hilton. I don't know who this person is, but Ernie Bauer said that she was very important American, and her views are very important to millions of American. And it's a good thing throughout the whole tweet in Bali, she tweeted like five, 10 times a day. She said all nice things. And by the time she left, I felt good, that good promotion for Indonesia. So what happens in Bali? What is the result? For us, Indonesia as the chairman of ASEAN, and the organizer of East Asia Summit, and all the other meetings, we wanted to make sure that Bali was not just another event. ASEAN has now two events a year, two summits a year. So we don't want this to be just another event. We want this to be a milestone event in terms of laying down foundations, putting down tractions for the ASEAN community building and shaping future directions. We don't want this to be just a meeting that produced documents, although of course they are bound to be decorations being made. But we want this to have substance and action. Indonesia has always believed that the term ASEAN centrality, or the term ASEAN as driving force, is not something that we take for granted, because we say often enough, you tend to take that for granted, but we want this to be something that is not empty terms, but has real applications, ASEAN centrality and ASEAN as the driving force of regional architecture. So the major result, the first one that I wanna mention is what is called the Bali Concorde III, the Bali Concorde III. And this highlights the next stage that we envisage after the ASEAN community reaches its mileage in 2015. So 2015 is only four years away, and it's time for us to start thinking now, what does ASEAN wanna do after the ASEAN community has been reached in 2015? So the answer is Bali Concorde III, which means that we don't think about ASEAN as a regional community, but we think of ASEAN as part of the global community. Now this means ASEAN has a global role, ASEAN has influence on global issues, and ASEAN has common platform, which must be achieved through more coordinated, cohesive and coherent ASEAN position. Now this is something that was a bit difficult to achieve in the past, on issues like climate change, for example, there's hardly an ASEAN position in contrast to maybe the EU has an EU position on this. So this is something that we are going to change and adjust having an ASEAN common platform on regional issues. And we know that in order to do this, we're gonna have to improve the way ASEAN make decisions, improve the way ASEAN coordinates diplomatically, and also make diplomatic adjustments so to make sure that we do have an ASEAN common position. And one of the things that we did in Bali was enter into an agreement with the UN secretary general called a comprehensive partnership between ASEAN and the UN. And the goal is really to make sure that ASEAN has a more coordinated and coherent voice at the global stage, not just on the regional stage. The second thing is the East Asia Summit principles. The, what is it, the precise title of it, there's a document out there that's being produced for you, but it's a mutual principles of norms governing relations between the East Asia Summit. Surprisingly, this is something that the media missed out on. I don't know exactly why they were focused a lot on South China Sea and Myanmar and all the other stuff. But for us, this is the key product of the East Asia Summit. That is for all the members of East Asia Summit to agree to a common norms and principle. Now let me tell you why this is important. Thus far, the most important document of binding norms is what we call the 3D of amity and cooperation. Now all the East Asia Summit members have signed on to this, all 18 have signed on to this. But this is more seen as an ASEAN norms with major powers, U.S., Russia, China, India and others agreeing to it. Now we want to establish something that not just binds ASEAN, but also the major powers. And this is what we produce indeed in Bali. And the norms are quite extensive. It covers principles of non-use of form. Let me see where I have it. It covers principles of non-use of forms. Zelda, where is the document? Sorry, okay. Yeah, so it's a document that contains principles such as the non-use of force, a peaceful settlement of disputes, the principle of democracy of human rights, promotion of good neighborliness, respect for international law, respect for diversity of ethnic and religious and cultural traditions, enhancement of regional resilience and so on and so on, respect for fundamental freedoms, promotion and protection of human rights and social justice and so on. Now, I say these things and I know what you're thinking. Okay, so what, these are nice words. We hear it all the time. But if you think about it, during the Cold War imagine having norms like this between the United States, the Soviet Union and China. You could not have something like this done in those days, right? So to have something like this done and in an environment where you still have a lot of regional hotspots, the North, the Korean Peninsula, the South China Sea and other things is quite remarkable. In fact, when we came up with the idea of having a morally binding norms, morally binding, not legally binding but morally binding norms, there's someone who said, okay, it's not gonna happen. It's just not gonna happen. They're not ready for it. But surprisingly, we tried it, we proposed it. We made some adjustments. Everybody revised some terms here and another and it happened and now we have this East Asia norms of conduct. Of course, there's no guarantee that all the norms will be respected. We are quite pragmatic about this. But at least we can hold East Asia Summit members when they are not accountable to these principles and besides in the future, there's gonna be a lot more issues that will come up where we will need to hold them accountable to these norms. Now, the third product that happened was the nuclear weapon free zone. The Southeast Asia nuclear weapon free zones. This is something that was stuck for so many years because there was just little interest on the part of the P5 to sign on to the protocol. But the impetus that was given by President Obama's commitment to nuclear disarmament and other factors made us push this one more time. And guess what? It happened. By the time we met in Bali, all the P5 members have agreed to, in principle, signing the protocol of Southeast Asia nuclear weapon free zone. There was some discussion with China who were not comfortable with one of the clauses regarding to the territory aspect of the protocol. But this was sorted out and we expect that in the near future, it's just a matter of procedure, not principle, that there will be a signing of the protocol by the P5 to this important document for us. And what this means for us is that 600 million people in Southeast Asia are now or would now be free and guaranteed to be free from the threat of nuclear weapons. Maritime issue is also discussed in Bali. In fact, it's one of the issues that where there's a lot of back and forth on this issue. And this is an issue where Indonesia felt, look, you know, ASEAN has been going too slow on this. The last declaration I was done on South China Sea was a long time ago, it was about 10 years ago. And there was hardly any movement since then. And if ASEAN wants to prove it's relevant, it has to do something. So we push hard for this. We said we can't wait too long or another year or another two years. We got to finalize the guidelines and it was finalized in July in ASEAN. And now the trick is how to move on two things. First, how to move on the projects that were identified in the guidelines on the South China Sea, the ASEAN China guidelines in South China Sea. Secondly, while they're doing that in parallel, how do we identify the elements in the Code of Conduct as part of the implementation of the declaration on the guidelines of conduct in the South China Sea? So the good news is that now China seems to be willing to respond, to sit down to identify the elements of the Code of Conduct. ASEAN among us have begun to identify the elements. We have not brought it out to the attention of China, but China has signal to us that they're willing to sit down to discuss the next stage, which is identifying the elements of the Code of Conduct. But what our chairmanship has revealed is that what you need to do is really a little push. Sometimes if you let matters just lay for a while, then you don't get any progression, right? But my president pushed really hard last July to make sure that declaration on the guidelines are finalized and now we move on to the next stage, which is identifying the elements of the Code of Conduct. Myanmar was another hot issue. The media gave a lot of spotlight on this issue. During the meeting of ASEAN leaders, we agreed almost unanimously that we were encouraged by the elections and political development that took part in Myanmar in recent times, and the decision was reached to agree to Myanmar's chairmanship of ASEAN by 2014, but in language that would encourage Myanmar to keep up the momentum and indeed increase the momentum of political openness and democratization that is already underway. But even here, I want to highlight that here too ASEAN is changing because before we reached that decision, Indonesia sent our foreign minister, Foreign Minister Martina Telagawa to Myanmar to assess the progress that had been done in the Myanmar's democratization. In the history of ASEAN, that is not something that is usually done. For a member to assess another member state to see if they could now assume the chairmanship. So there's a mindset shift within ASEAN that is reflected in how we address the issue of Myanmar's chairmanship in 2014. Another issue that we discussed in Indonesia pushed very hard for is East Timor, or Timor-Leste's membership in ASEAN. There's a lot of back and forth. The views has not always been unanimous on this, but Indonesia believed that Timor-Leste is part of Southeast Asia. All you need to do is look at the map and it is very good for the regional architecture for Southeast Asia and for ASEAN. If Timor-Leste joins ASEAN sooner rather than later. So we hope that things are moving in that direction but now the ASEAN Council of Minister are studying the modalities by which this can be transpired, getting Timor-Leste to be part of ASEAN. Thai Cambodia is another issue. You know this is an issue that is relevant for ASEAN because we need to show that when there is conflict within ASEAN, ASEAN can be relevant rather than bring this issue to the United Nations Security Council and the others. I can tell you from the proceedings that there's much better both in terms of body language and diplomatic relationship between the Thai and Prime Minister and the Cambodian leader on this issue. They, both of them during the ASEAN Summit, referred openly to the Thai Cambodia border issue and they said that things are more manageable and much better now and they do expect that Indonesia would continue to play a role even after Cambodia assumes the chairmanship of ASEAN. The East Asia Summit also discussed the five issues, the issues that had been discussed all the time in East Asia Summit which is finance, education, energy, natural disasters and avian flu. These are big issues and we advance them in Asia Summit but we also know that these issues are not exhaustive. We don't want the East Asia Summit only to be stuck on these five issues. We need to continually expand these issues because after all, East Asia Summit from the start has always been about discussing political, security and strategic issues so we want to make sure that we are flexible in addressing these issues of the region. We had a good US ASEAN Summit. This is the third of its kind and what is different this time is that they came up with a plan of action because in the first two summits, it's more declaration of I love you, you love me. But now there's a beefy substantive plan of action and I can tell you that US ASEAN partnership is really easy, there's no hard issues that divide us. There's a lot of goodwill between the two sides to promote cooperation so I'm very pleased to see how far it's gone and we look forward to implementing the plan of action between ASEAN and the United States and I must say that I commend the US participation in Bali. I think America has shown a very proactive proactive and positive engagement with the region, not just with Southeast Asia but with Asia. You know as well as I do that in recent years there's some concerns that America was just too stuck in Afghanistan and Iraq at the expense of its proper attention to the Asia Pacific region but both President Barack Obama and Secretary Clinton and also Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta when he came to the region, he said that we're back. President Obama mentioned the word re-engagement in Asia Pacific and we noticed that President Obama went to, forced to Australia and there's not a place that he went to and then Secretary Clinton went to all the other American allies and partners and they all delivered the same message that America wants to be engaged in the region and become an active participant and all the things that has been done, the participation in EAS which is in contrast to the shy approach of America in 2005 towards the EAS, America signing on to the Treaty of Amityan Cooperation, the US ASEAN Summit which is an annual thing now, US policy shift on Myanmar, the appointment of US Ambassador David Cardin, a good friend of President Obama to ASEAN and all these things signify that America really wants to be an active participant in defining regional architecture of the region. So by way of conclusion, let me say a couple of things. First, throughout all the documents in Bali, you notice a lot of reference to maritime issues, maritime security, maritime partnership, maritime cooperation and one of the things that America push hard on. This is one of the key issues for them in the East Asia Summit but it has a caveat on you too. You haven't ratified the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea. Now this means that it has become a matter of strategic necessity, I repeat, strategic necessity for United States to ratify UN Convention on the Law of the Sea because the more you're gonna push hard for it in East Asia Summit, in US ASEAN Summit, in APEC and all the other forms, the more the questions are gonna come back to you and ask when are you going to ratify. And when you ratify, your diplomatic and political capital in advancing these issues, in addressing South China Sea issues and all the other issues will significantly rise as well. So my advice to you is ratify soon. Everyone else has and it's time for America to ratify. Secondly, for ASEAN, we're gonna have to live with this spaghetti ball. We have this APEC, ARF, ASEAN plus one, ASEAN plus three, East Asia Summit. There are some calls to rationalize and in fact, in time, there will be a need to rationalize it because all these leaders, they talk about things that overlap between one meeting to the next with mostly the same set of leaders as well. But for the time being, it's important to give each of these institutions room to breathe. And I think in time, we will feel the need for them to be rationalized. But in time, I think it's good for us to let each of these institutions to grow. But for ASEAN, it is very important for us to learn how to manage this regional architecture which has a different weight than ASEAN. Now what do I mean by, dealing with ASEAN, we used to, we've been dealing with it since 1967 and 1976 and so on when ASEAN and later on when ASEAN become the ASEAN 10. But dealing with East Asia Summit where you have US and China and India, it's completely different diplomatic weight. And it's becoming an art on how you manage the interest, the enormous weight that goes with it between the two giants. We felt it a lot and the trick is how ASEAN can manage and accommodate them fairly, but also keep in mind that it has to keep ASEAN's interest at heart and as a priority. And it is also important for ASEAN and also for all our friends to remember that with the weight of America and China, there is a host of other interests for us to accommodate as well. So it's not just US and China, but also the rest of the 16 member states that we must accommodate and manage in terms of the process in managing the regional architecture. I think the principle term that we underline in regional architecture is equality. So no matter how big or small, we'd like everybody to have a voice and a role in managing the regional architecture. But for Cambodia, who will be the next chairman of ASEAN, Cambodia will also feel what Indonesia felt, how to manage these two giants and all the competing interests in a fair and constructive and positive way. We have a term in Indonesia is called competing for peace. What this means is that this is in contrast for competing for power influence, which means if you're competing for peace, it's a win-win thing. If America and China compete for who gets the most trade and who gets to give the most investments and absorb the most students, it's so much better for all of us. Whoever wins, everybody wins. So that's the term competing for peace. And my president has underlined the need for us to change the new geopolitics and the new geopolitics in the Asia Pacific region, which means, again, there will always be an element of rivalry, but there's room for much greater room for partnerships and cooperation and for win-win solution. So hopefully East Asia Summit on this and all these other regional architectures will help advance a better mode for competing for peace among the major powers and regional powers and also for better geopolitics and geoeconomics. Thank you very much. Thank you very much, Dino. And thank you for agreeing to take some questions. The rules on questions are really easy. Just raise your hand. I'll identify you and please mention your name and your affiliation. I'm gonna start, though, take the prerogative of the chair and ask. Indonesia had quite a year and very successful, I think, by all accounts as the chairman of ASEAN and putting together these summits. Everyone's very much aware that we're coming into chairmanship by some of ASEAN's smaller and newer members. Do you have any advice for Cambodia immediately and then the others that will be chairing ASEAN? What are the things they need to think about and get prepared for as they take on the mantle of the chairmanship? Yeah. Well, preparation is very important, Ernie. Those who took part in the Bali meeting saw how my president and foreign minister really became hands-on manager of Indonesia's foreign policy. He was not just a guy who chaired meetings. He actually led and he studied all the details and he kept telling everybody, let's think outside the box, let's not be married to the past and whatever we can do differently, let's do it differently. And this is why when we engage on the Thai Cambodia border disputes, which was very unusual for ASEAN standard, we managed to do so. And even when we came up with the idea of sending observers, even though that hasn't happened and that was accepted by both sides, that's also something that was new and reflected thinking outside the box. So I think our advice to Cambodia is have good preparations, make sure you have good diplomatic apparatus to handle all the ASEAN meetings because we're talking about hundreds of meetings on a monthly basis. And ASEAN has this problem, everybody knows about this.  And in the last year, what we did was, okay, we look at blueprints, there were one or two points that is good enough, is there, but how come no one's picking up on it? Like the ASEAN Institute for Peace and Reconciliation, the ASEAN Institute for Natural Disasters. So all you need to do is just pick up, you don't need to do the whole thing, but pick up the key things that you wanna pick up on and make it happen. And that's how you make ASEAN run faster. But ASEAN, we're developing a style of collective leadership. One guy will be at the helm, but the others can always jump in and give advice and help out. ASEAN belongs to everybody. And the principles that we have laid out will go on for years, not just for a month or one year, but it will go on for quite some time. And I think it will benefit all the future chairmen of ASEAN. Thank you, Mr. Ambassador. I'm Tom Rekford with the Malaysia America Society and don't worry, I'm not gonna mention that football championship. Too painful to me. As a follow on to Ernie's question, you mentioned that Indonesia would continue to play a positive role in trying to settle the differences between Cambodia and Thailand after 2012, after Cambodia takes on the chairmanship. Is Indonesia planning to continue its very positive and energetic role in many of the other issues after 2012? Okay, well, first on the Thai Cambodia issue, you know, the ICJ has come up with the ruling on this, which necessitates the creation of the demilitarized zone around the disputed area. So if we do send observers, it will have to be adjusted to the rulings that has been made by the ICJ. But yes, of course, we would be very interested to play a constructive role. I think one of the issues that we'll be most interested is South China Sea issue. You know, we've been involved in this issue since 1991, trying to turn potential conflict into potential cooperation. And if you look at the areas that have been proposed to turn into projects of cooperation, such as marine environment, scientific research and so on, these are the things that Indonesia tried to do for 10 years, but somewhat unsuccessfully and only half successful in that. So we have quite a lot of knowledge and institutional memory on what not to do and what to do in terms of realizing this project for cooperation in the South China Sea. But you know, we see hope because if you look at 10, 20 years ago in South China Sea, China did not want to discuss this with anybody, right? And then China said, okay, we discuss it, but only bilaterally, right? And then Ibu Fugeni said, okay, we discuss it, but only with ASEAN, which is where we are now.  And then China said, okay, now maybe we can discuss projects, right? But the point is there has been movements in China's position on the South China Sea in ways that we hope can be turned into more diplomatic agreements for peaceful negotiations and settlement in the South China Sea. So I think I imagine South China Sea would be one of the issues that would be priority interest for Indonesia. Sure. Thank you, Ambassador. My question is about, you mentioned China was concerned about the nuclear free Southeast Asia and then it was sorted out. Do you know what issues they were concerned and how it was sorted out and what impact it will have on the South China Sea issue? You are sorry to say this yourself. I'm Kumar from Amnesty International. Good. Kumar, the issue was on the definition of territory. You know China claims the South China Sea and claims the islands and also the maritime space. And they wanted to be clear on the geographical scope of the territory. And they did not want any clause that would be prejudicial to their territorial claims in the South China Sea. So they came up with a solution that would have a memo that would be indicating that that when they sign on to this protocol, then it does not affect their territorial claims. And that's what's gonna be signed. So principally has been agreed by all the P5, but it's basically on the question of that here. Yeah. Okay. Thank you. Mr. Ambassador, I'm Alex Feldman from the Southeast Asian Business Council. I wanted to ask there was another important meeting that took place in Bali and asked maybe if you could give us some insights into what happened. And that was the meeting between President Obama and President Yudhoyono. And if you could talk a little bit about US-Indonesian relations in regards to that. Did that take place? Yeah. Yeah, so President Obama had a very good meeting with President Yudhoyono. The one of the things that they unveiled was the Indonesia Going Into the Compact program where Indonesia would receive $600 million for a development purpose. And we also, a big item for the bilateral part is the Lion Air Boeing deal, which is $22 billion. The largest deal ever made by Boeing and the Indonesian private airline is doing this there by 230 planes from Boeing. So we are very much contributing to American jobs as well, right? But, you know, the feeling was the bilateral side is very good, Alex. Very good and solid, expanding. We had a good joint commission meeting, working group meetings, and extensive agenda covering food, energy, environment, climate change, trade investment, and so on. And there was questions about, not questions, the discussions were also more about regional and global environment. And that's a new thing about Indonesia-U.S. relations. We discussed more things now about what to do with the region, what to do with the world, right? Which reflects a maturing relationship, I suppose. But they had very good meeting, good bilateral meeting on the sidelines of Bali. But besides that also, I noticed there was a dinner that was held where all the leaders were watching a show for two hours and they were dressed in batik and had Indonesian food. There was another positive, what do you call it, side impact, which was President Obama sat next to Prime Minister Wenja Bao, right? And on his left was President Yudhoyono. But that two hours, the two were talking the whole time and talking, I think they're talking serious stuff because it offered a rare occasion for President Obama and President Wenja Bao to discuss issues in very informal way, without the advisors and without no-takers, only the interpreters, for two hours and then we thought, I think more meetings like this, this is one of the things that do not show themselves in formal diplomatic documents, but have a lot of impacts in terms of improving the psychology of the relationship between the leaders. I'm Kenton Clymer from the Wilson Center at Northern Illinois University, where you were a few months ago. Yes. I would just wanted if you could expand a bit on your comments about Myanmar. Everyone, I think, is encouraged with what has happened so far and I'd just be interested in your own kind of personal assessment of the future. Do you think there will be more opening up? Do you think the political prisoners will be released and so forth? Yeah, okay. Fair question. I think, look, how you assess the situation in Myanmar depends on what yards that you want. Do you want a big, sudden dramatic improvement or you want incremental one by significant, right? You want something overnight or you want something not overnight and not too long but achievable within our time. I think ASEAN is expecting a significant but also incremental political changes in Myanmar and this is what we see. We are heartened by the growing relationship and hopefully trust, I think trust between President Tain Sen and Ansan Suu Kyi. I think this is something that she has reflected and that is a good sign. If she trusts somebody and she feels comfortable with somebody then it is a good sign. We've been heartened by the release of political prisoners even though we understand there's still about 2,000 political prisoners in Myanmar and we keep encouraging them to release them. There's now a new dialogue and then the NLD now has been allowed to take part in elections and also Ansan Suu Kyi by December next year, although that's also at the provincial level but it's a good stepping stone. For us also, we had a democratic change. We had elections in 1999 but real reforms and real political openness and maturing of democracy took several years, I think four or five years after that actual elections in 1999 to bring us where we are today. So in Myanmar, I think the trick is to encourage them to go as fast as they can to promote reforms and also to not forget there's another side of the coin of the issue which is the relationship with the ethnic groups that are rebelling against the Yangon. I think from Washington, sometimes we are too fixed on the human rights and democracy side but the other side, the other 50% is also very important and they've been trying to hold meetings with them and in constructive ways. So if they get democracy, human rights and the regional ethnic rebellions right, then I think we're gonna see one of the most remarkable transformations in Southeast Asia in Myanmar in the following years. Jerry, did you? Thank you, Mr. Ambassador Jerry Hyman at CSIS. Thank you for that great briefing and for the remarkable achievements of the last year by Indonesia, especially on the EIS norms and principles. I think that's fantastic. I think I'd ask you about the Bali Concord III issues that you mentioned. You talked about common platforms and common positions. What would that mean for the traditional ASEAN position of unanimity in order to have any kind of agreements about almost anything? Could you do that and still have common positions and principles on specific issues as you go forward if you see that robustly? Yeah, well, that's a good question because that is where it's still a bit vague in the sense that we want ASEAN to go faster and make stronger decisions, more coherent positions and we know that the principle consensus is still there but there is something in the ASEAN charter that says that if the leaders cannot achieve consensus, then the chairman can do something to find a way. Now, they stopped short of saying voting, right? They stopped short of saying voting but it's not entirely out of the question but it is a mechanism that has not been spelled that completely on economic issues. There is something that says that if one group does not feel comfortable with one of the tariffs or schemes or economic cooperation schemes, that member can opt out of the consensus and let others go forward. So there are different ways, different mechanisms but nothing concretely spelled out in terms of how ASEAN can move faster. What's there is only the realization and the political will to do so and I think we achieved that. I think what we did in South China Sea when we said, look, 10 years is just way too long to wait with no results whatsoever. Let's get it done now. The moment Indonesia said it and others also we push others and others agreed with us, then decision became faster. So sometimes it's just a matter of casing decisions and pushing hard on it. One example is human rights. When we designed the ASEAN Charter, human rights and democracy was almost not a very minimal part of it but Indonesia, we believe that look, even Africa has a human rights charter and what's ASEAN afraid of? What are we afraid of in the 21st century in promoting democracy and human rights? We push hard and we reverse the tide within ASEAN discussions and now democracy and human rights is very much part of the ASEAN Charter and so again, it's just a matter of pushing sometimes. Good morning Ambassador, Mark Mealy, US Housing and Business Council. When you mentioned earlier the issue, you mentioned the term spaghetti bowl and oftentimes in this town we think of that and we think of sort of FTAs and sort of trade initiatives and obviously we know there's lots of, how should we say, competing potential architectures around the trade evolution for Asia. So I'm curious from your point of view or from Indonesia's point of view how you felt in terms of the EAS context or even some of the ASEAN Summit context, how is ASEAN kind of thinking about again maintaining that principle of ASEAN centrality in whatever evolution of trade, the landscape architecture that's gonna emerge in Asia? Yeah, well thanks. Well, let me mention a little bit about the TPP, right? And there was a significant announcement on TPP in Honolulu, right? And we noticed that TPP is gaining more attention and even when the leaders met in Bali, people were talking about TPP on the sidelines although it wasn't discussed in the meetings but the point is it has added new dynamism. Even Indonesia, we're not saying no to TPP. We're looking at it with, you know, we're just studying it. But we notice I think Canada, Mexico, Japan and Korea have expressed interest in TPP. What is important for us is the WTO actually. For us, the real game is in the WTO and we need to make sure that there is a resolution in the Doha round. But Pascal Lamy has said that 90 something percent of WTO negotiations are done. It just comes down to specific issues between America and China, right? And unfortunately in the current election issue, I think it's a bit too much to hope that that would be resolved in the coming year or so. But for us, it's very important for us to achieve some kind of resolution or advancement in the Doha round. And we do hope that, you know, ASEAN, the ASEAN master plan of connectivity is a big thing for ASEAN now. This is the next big thing in terms of infrastructure, telecommunications, transport and everything. And I forget the figures but it's something like couple hundred or couple thousand billion dollars for the next couple of years which is a lot of opportunities for America and China and everybody, all our friends around the region. So, and I'm glad that at the U.S. ASEAN summit, President Obama has expressed his full support for the ASEAN master plan for connectivity to be part of that great regional project of ours, yeah. Jam and then. Thank you. Thank you, Ambassador, for those remarks. We talk, a lot of coverage was given to China, U.S. and ASEAN. But the other large country, India, never gets mentioned. What's ASEAN's view of India and what do you think, what does ASEAN think India thinks about the East Asian summit? Yeah, well, thanks. We did have ASEAN India summit in Bali and the Prime Minister Manwan Singh came. I'm not, I didn't attend that meeting so I don't wanna say much about something that I'm not very knowledgeable about. But definitely when we see the regional architecture, we see India very much as part of it. As you know, before the East Asia Summit, there were two competing ideas. One is just East Asia and the other one was East Asia Plus. Plus what? Plus Australia, New Zealand and India. Which means that we see the region not just as more narrow but a lot more larger. And we want to achieve a lot more balance and we believe that balance will be achieved with India's participation with Australia and New Zealand and now with China and now with Russia and United States. So India is very much part of our design in terms of maintaining this dynamic equilibrium in the Asia Pacific and especially because in Indonesia's view and perhaps also in ASEAN's view, the Indian Ocean is gonna be the strategic zone of the future. There's gonna be a lot more geopolitical and geoeconomic movements in that area. And unfortunately, in contrast with the Pacific side, the regional architecture in the Indian Ocean is still lacking, it's still very minimal. And I think that is gonna be the next big thing and India's role will be very important in that respect. Thank you. Thank you. I'm Bob Dihon with the National Fisheries Institute. Mr. Ambassador, my question was sort of already asked and answered, just want to encourage your government to give serious consideration to joining the TPP talks because they are picking up steam and that is as a former person in government on trade that they show a lot more promise than the WTO round that we've been working on since the Eisenhower administration, it seems like. Yeah, thank you. Okay, just a quick comment of that. You know when the PPs started, it was only five countries, right? Singapore, Chile, Brunei and something. Now it's become a different thing, you know? With the United States joining, especially. It's really becoming a different game and we notice, right? A TPP with five countries and TPP with nine countries is very different and so take it very well what you say and this is the message that I convey to my government as well that this is a different game now with America being part of it and this being nine countries are supposed to be four or five countries. Well, ladies and gentlemen, please join me in thanking our speaker.


Hey everybody, welcome back to Magic Orthodoxy. My name is David and this is the deck review. Hey, today we're going to look at the Midnight Cosmic Lane deck from Randy Butterfield and Midnight Cards. All right, so what is the Cosmic Lane's deck? This was a Kickstarter. It was successfully funded on Kickstarter and there were two other decks that accompanied this, the red and the black. This was a special thicker deck that glows in the dark. The theme for this deck is, of course, that it's inspired by 50s and 60s retro bowling alleys, but the Cosmic Lane's deck is kind of futuristic and a totally awesome design that's filled with a hefty dose of 80s grandeur. And, like I said, they glow in the dark. The tuck case for this deck is colorful and exciting and it glows in the dark. Each one of these tuck cases features a premium paper stock with a UV spot ink overlay in selected areas. The tuck boxes also feature interior printing of an overhead view of a bowling lane that makes it fun for any bowling night. The front of the tuck case has Midnight Cosmic Lane's playing cards and then you see the bowling ball with a fan of pins right there. The bottom of the tuck case has some ad copy about Midnight Cards and Randy Butterfield and I'll even show you a side-by-side to show you how thick this tuck case is in comparison with the earlier models. One side says that they're printed by the Legends playing card company. The other side says they're designed by Randy Butterfield. The top says, plastic cards poker size glows in the dark. Have I mentioned that these cards glow in the dark? The back design has no tuck seal which is nice and also depicts a back design of the cards. The tuck flap it has the LS logo for Lawrence Sullivan who is the owner of Legends playing cards and the inside tuck flap is colored blue and has the Midnight Cards logo. That is pretty much it for the tuck case. Let's take a look at these cards. All right so like I said these were printed by the Legends playing card company and they are really thick cards. These are really thick cards. I can show you a side-by-side of what this deck looks like in comparison with the previous version but the Cosmic Lane's deck is printed on a plastic sock and has a glow in the dark layer. I don't know if I've mentioned yet but these glow in the dark both on the tuck box and on all the face of the cards. Now because of that because there is this you can feel it like you can touch it and feel the glow in the dark stuff and if you've ever felt like glow in the dark I guess it's like a powder or something if you've ever felt that kind of luminescent stuff you know that it's not smooth okay so these cards don't fan or spread okay they will clump right out of the box and so these are not meant to be flourishing or cardistry or fanning or magic cards by any stretch okay these are a novelty item that would be fun to show off fun to collect fun to show your friends in fact when I measure these with a caliper I use that as my control okay you can see that they're 3.61 okay 3.61 would be bigger than any deck of cards I've ever had or measured and so just to give you a scope of how much thicker the glow in the dark makes it that's how much thicker the glow in the dark makes it back design of the cosmic lanes deck is a colorful center back design with a vibe of a cosmic bowling night your pips and indices in this deck emulate the look of an overhead view of a bowling pin setup the custom pips are arranged in different scoring leaves and each number card has a some rings of light circles and when ruffled in new deck order the light circles are animated kind of like a stop motion picture your ace of spades is a fan of bowling pins amidst a white centerpip the court cards in this deck further enhance the fun and the aspect of this design each court character is dressed up in their favorite bowling attire crowns and all and they are ready for a night out on the town bowling for spares and strikes with this deck you're going to get two original jokers it is a bowler who's bowling a bowling ball one is in green attire and the other is in orange all right so that is my review for the cosmic lanes version of the midnight bowlorama deck from randy butterfield and midnight cards as always i want to thank randy butterfield for allowing me to have these decks so that i can do the reviews for you and if you would like to purchase these for yourself you can visit randy's website and i'll put the link down below thanks bye


Hello and welcome to the session. This is Professor Farhad in which we would look at a comprehensive example that deals with the statement of cash flows using the indirect method. So we're going to go through the operating site, the operating section, investing and financing. So let's walk through the map and what we need to do. Under the operating section using the indirect method, we are going to start with net income. Then we are going to make the following adjustments. What are the adjustments that we make? Well, we are going to add non-cash expenses. What does that mean? Well, non-cash expenses are expenses that we debit expense, for example, $10,000 and we credit something other than cash for $10,000. So those expenses are non-cash. Why? Because we credit it something other than cash. What could be an example? Depreciation. We debit the depreciation expense, we credited accumulated depreciation, amortization, bad debt expense. Those are non-cash expenses and any non-cash expense you can think of. Also under non-cash expenses, I added losses. We consider a loss as a non-cash expense because a loss reduces net income without reducing the expenses. And again, we're going to see some application of this. We're going to deduct any gains. Why? Because when we sell a piece of equipment, when we sell a piece of land, let's assume we sold land for $110,000, the cost of the land is $100,000. What entry do we make? We debit cash $110,000, we credit land $100,000, and we have a gain of $10,000. So notice we have a gain of $10,000, the gain increased net income. But the full amount of cash is counted in the investment section. Therefore, we need to take out the gain from net income because it increased net income without increasing our operating cash. Well, it increased our investing cash, but we are dealing with the operating section. Therefore, we deduct the gain. Just kind of, you know, you need to know the rules. Now, what's important too is analyzing current assets and current liabilities. And here you need to know how to analyze current assets and current liabilities. If there is any increase in current assets other than cash, so if a count receivable goes up, if inventory goes up, we deduct this increase in current assets. Why? Because every time we increase account receivable, it means we are selling on account. Selling on account means it's a cruel sale, not cash sales, and we are converting our net income to cash net income. Therefore, we need to deduct any increase in account receivable. Same concept for inventory. When we have more inventory, it means we are not selling inventory or we are acquiring, which is it's using up our cash. Therefore, we deduct. Same thing with prepaid. When our prepaid goes up, it means we are acquiring prepaid. Our cash will go down, will deduct. And the opposite is true. You add any decreases in in current assets. So if a count receivable went down, it means we are collecting cash, collecting more cash from customers than we are selling on account. Therefore, we increase. Therefore, let me show you how you would remember this. If current assets go up, you deduct from cash flow. If current assets went down, you add to the cash flow. You add to your net income, it means you increase your cash flow. This is for the assets. Let's examine the rules for liabilities. Liabilities. You deduct any decrease in current liabilities. Simply put, what I'm saying is if current liabilities goes down, it's a negative cash flow. Hold on a second. Is this true? Yes. When would your liabilities go down? When you pay them. Therefore, it's a negative cash. The opposite is true. When your current liabilities go up, you add to your cash flow. When would your current liabilities go up? It's when you operate your business and don't pay the cash now.  For example, you debit an expense 10,000. You credit a liability 10,000.  You did not pay cash. Therefore, by increasing your liability, you have a positive cash flow to your net income. Also, we need to prepare the investing section and we need to prepare the financing section. So those are the three sections. And the best way to do so, to illustrate everything that we learned is to look at an example. Now, the example I'm going to be looking at will be a little bit more involved. So it may take us at least 30 minutes to finish. So get ready and embrace yourself. Before we look at the example, I would like to remind you whether you are an accounting student or a CPA candidate. And most likely you are either a student or a CPA candidate to take a look at my website, farhatlectures.com. The reason you are watching because you are looking for some help, go a step further. On my website, I provide you additional resources, multiple choice, true, false, lectures, exercises. That's going to help you with your accounting courses as well as your CPA exam. If you have not connected with me on LinkedIn, please do so. Take a look at my LinkedIn recommendation like this recording. Share it with other. Connect with me on Instagram, Facebook, Twitter and Reddit. This is the example we're going to be working with. Two years of balance sheet, year X1 and year X2. Also, we do have additional data. We sold an equipment. The selling price was $2,500. It was 40% depreciated. The cost of the equipment was $15,000. Portion of long-term notes payable, paid by issuing stocks. We issued $10,000 of stocks to pay it off a liability. Cash dividend paid was $5,000. On January 1, X2, the building was completely destroyed by a flood. We had a building destroyed by the flood. The insurance gave us $38,000. Investment available for sale were sold above the cost by $2,000. Cash was paid for the acquisition of equipment, which is we're not giving that number. Long-term note was issued for the acquisition of equipment. We bought equipment for $16,000. So notice there's a lot of activities in the equipment. We sold equipment. We purchased equipment for cash and we purchased equipment using note. Amount paid in cash, interest $2,000, income taxes $6,500. Now, again, what do we need to do? We need to start by looking at the operating section and let's take a look at the operating section starting with net income. Hold on a second. We're not giving net income. Oh, okay. No problem. We can't solve this problem. On the contrary. Yes, we can. So if you are not giving net income, usually on the exam, an income statement could be provided to you. Sometime it's not. If an income statement is not provided, what do you need to do? You need to analyze the account that relate to net income. What account relate to net income? How can we derive net income? It's through retained earnings. How do we do so? Well, let's analyze retained earnings. If we see retained earnings, it's an equity account that started at $6,000 and up $20,750. Now, we need to compute the difference. Simply put, what's the difference in this account? $20,750 minus $6,000. There's a difference of $14,750, the difference between those two. Well, we are not told anything about dividend except that we paid dividend of $5,000, but that dividend was already accrued. So already it's a part of retained earnings. So what happened is this, the only difference is the only difference between retained earning and the beginning and ending is net income of $14,750. Again, we did not declare dividend this period. We paid dividend, but that dividend was already accrued. In other words, it's for the prior period. That's the only thing that we know about dividend. Therefore, we can start by saying net income for our purposes, guess what? It was $14,750. We started with net income. So we started our cash flow statement. We started this process. Let me just delete this because we need more space to work with this. Now, the second thing we're going to look at after we compute net income, remember, we have to deal with non-cash expenses such as losses, depreciation, any non-cash expenses and any gains that we need to deduct. Well, let's see. We know that we sold a piece of equipment. So let's examine this account here, that piece of equipment. A piece of equipment was sold. We are giving the cost of the original equipment, how much the selling price and how much depreciation was taking. So let's see. We sold the equipment, the original, we sold it for $2,500. Well, the cost was $15,000. Now, we are told 40% of this asset was depreciated. If we take $15,000 times .4, so we had depreciation of 9. This means this asset had a book value of 9. At a book value of 9, we sold it for $2,500. So the difference $9,000 minus $2,500 is a loss. Well, now we have a loss and what do we do with losses? We add back the losses. Losses are added back. Therefore, we're starting to add back our non-cash expenses and a loss. So basically, the equipment we took care of this equipment. Basically, this is done. Now, what else were we told? We were told that a building was totally destroyed and we received $38,000. Well, we have to do the same thing. And if we go back to the balance sheet, if we go back to the balance sheet, we noticed that we had a building of $29,750 in year X1 and year X2 it was gone. So that building is gone. And the accumulated depreciation for that building was $6,000. So simply put, we had the building with the book value. We have to do the same thing. So the building was $29,750 minus $6,000. So let's compute the book value of the building. It was destroyed right at the beginning of the year. Therefore, we account for all the depreciation. The book value was $23,750. That was the book value. We are told the insurance gave us $38,000. Well, $38,000 minus $23,750. Let's see how much appears that we had a gain on this one. $38,000 minus $23,750 of $14,250. This was a gain. This was a gain on the income statement. What do we do with gain? The opposite of losses. We are going to deduct the gain. Now, you're saying, so what about the $38,000 that we received? Don't worry. We're going to account for those under the investing section. But as part of the gain, it has to be taken out from the operating section because the whole amount will be part of the investing rather than the operating. Now, what else? So we're basically done with this information. We're basically done with the cash dividend table. We're already accounted for that. We're already accounted for the insurance proceeds. We accounted for that as well. What else? What else do we have to know? Depreciation. Let's compute our depreciation expense. Depreciation expense is not giving, so we have to compute depreciation expense. How do we compute depreciation expense? Well, since we don't have depreciation expense, we have to rely on accumulated depreciation. What do we have under accumulated depreciation? We know that accumulated depreciation the prior year was 10,500. So it started at 10,500, and it ended up to be 2000. And it ended up to be 2000. What do we know about this? What do we know about the changes in accumulated depreciation? We know that we sold a piece of equipment. And if you remember, when we sold this piece of equipment right here, it was 15,000. I shouldn't have deleted this times 40%. There was 6,000 of depreciation that was taken out. Therefore, I debited accumulated depreciation 6,000 for the sale of equipment. Well, that's 6,000. So I accounted for the 6,000. I also see from my balance sheet that I had 6,000 for the building. Remember that building that was destroyed by the flood also gone. Therefore, I removed it. That's another 6,000. And basically, I accounted for everything except it doesn't balance. So if I started with 10,500, take the 6,000 for the sale of the equipment, 6,000 for the flood, the building, because I removed the building, I removed the flood. So let's see 10,500 minus 12,000 in total. I should have used different numbers rather than both of them, 6,000. That's equal to negative 1,500. I have a positive 2,000. It means my depreciation for the year, this is the plug, happens to be, guess what, happens to be the difference, which is 3,500. So this is basically, it's a plug in a sense I work backward. I'm giving the beginning. I'm giving the ending. I was able to figure out how much accumulated depreciation was debited. It means what's left. It must be the depreciation expense that I took. Therefore, what do we do with depreciation expense? It's a non-cash expense. What do we do with that? We add back depreciation expense and depreciation expense, as I just computed it for you, 3,500. What else do I have? Do I have any other depreciation or non-cash expenses? Well, let's see. I had a patent here, a patent, and it went from 6,250 to 5,000. I am not told in any way, shape or form, and the additional information that I sold a patent. One reason could be I sold the patent. Well, if I did not sell the patent, and the patent went down in value, it means it was amortized. And remember, amortization like depreciation, it's a non-cash expense. Therefore, what do I need to do? I need to add back the amortization amount, which has happened to be 1,250. I'm pretty much done with all my, I believe I'm done with all my non-cash expenses and gains and losses. Now, what I need to do, remember, I have to analyze my current assets and current liabilities. Now, I will start to analyze them. And let me go back real quick. And kind of how do you analyze them? You find the difference. You find the difference between the two. And I see that a counter receivable went up. Let me see. A counter receivable went up and inventory went up as well. Well, what does that mean? If assets go up, if current assets go up, it means I am consuming cash. It's a negative cash. Therefore, well, I'm sorry, I'll have to come back to the gain. Give me one moment here. Since I did the receivable, let me just do the receivable and the inventory. The receivable and the inventory are deducted, are deducted. Why? Because they went up. Now, gain on the sale of the investment. I also had a current asset, 3,000 went down to zero. Well, it could be two things. It could be the value of it go down to, went down to zero. Or it could be I sold it. Well, let's scroll down and see if we are giving anything on this information. Investment was sold 2,000 above the price. Well, if we have 3,000, it was sold 2,000 above the cost. It means it was sold for 2,000 above 3, it was sold for 5. But since it was sold 2,000 above 3, it means we have a gain of 2,000. And what do we do with gains? We already know this. We deduct any gains. So this is where the deduction of the gain taking place. So this is the deduction of the gain. Now, you said you sold it for 5,000. Where is that going to be? Well, if I sold it for 5,000, that's part of my investments. That's going to add to my investments 5,000. So let me go ahead and show you. This is a good example where I did account for the investment. Since I sold it, since I sold the investment, I received 5,000 in total. 2,000 was part of it on the income statement as gain. I have to take it out of the income statement. Therefore, the full amount is on the investing section. Well, good. Now, I'm done also. So I'm done with account receivable inventory available for sale investments. I'm done with all of those. What's left? I have to analyze my liabilities. I have to analyze my liabilities. My liabilities, I have accounts payable. Accounts payable went from 3,000 to 5,000. So accounts payable went up. What does it mean when my liabilities went up? It means I'm operating without paying cash from a cash. It's a positive thing because I am operating not paying cash. Therefore, an increase in accounts payable, an increase in liability is plus to my cash. What about dividend payable? Isn't that a current liability? Yes, it is. However, dividend payable, although it's considered a working capital, but dividend is a financing activity. Therefore, this is going to be part of my financing. Just hold on that. Hold on that. Therefore, let me just finish now my operating section. Now, I'm ready to compute my operating section. And if I take net income and compute all the differences, compute all the differences, it appears that I have net cash provided by operating positive 5,000. So I'm done with my operating section. I believe I accounted for everything. Let's go back to investing. Investing, we already know that we sold an investment for 5,000. We also know that we sold this piece of equipment, this one right here, for 2,500. So let's account for the easy part. That's also we sold it. It means it gave us cash. And remember, we took care of any gains and losses for that equipment as well. Remember, we had a loss and we took it out of the income. And now we have the sale of the equipment. Now, what else do we have to be aware of? Remember, we had few things about equipments. The equipment account, there was many things in the equipment account. So let's analyze the equipment accounts, kind of just kind of go through the equipment account and see if we what do we need to do. Equipment. The equipment account, we started at 20,000 and we end up with 45. So from a T account, we started at 20 and up at 45. What do we know? We know that we sold 15,000. This 15,000 is sold. We know that. So the account was credited. Okay. Now notice if we take 20 minus 15 is not equal to 45. So we have other things that we need to be maybe aware of. We are told that we issued a long term note and acquired equipment worth of 16. Well, if that's the case, it means our equipment account was increased by 16. If we take 20 plus 16 minus 15 is not equal to 45. We are also told that cash paid for the acquisition of the equipment. We don't know this cash amount paid. And this is what we need to know. Well, let's see. If we take 20,000 plus 16,000 of equipment minus 15,000, that's equal to 21, but now it's equal to 45. So if we deduct the 45 difference, it means we purchased. We purchased basically this is just solving the formula. We purchased, let me put it in a different color. We purchased 42,000 of equipment. So now we know, I'm sorry, not 42,000, 24,000 in cash. So now we know this number, 24,000, that's not giving to us. Now the beginning was giving, the ending was giving, the 15,000 is the sale, the 16,000 is giving. So what's left is 24. Therefore, what we can say, we purchase equipment as part of our investment, 24,000 worth of equipment. Okay, what else do we have to worry about? We have to worry about the building. And we know from the building we received that's giving to us of 38,000. How do we know this? It's right here. It's giving to us in the problem. Now we accounted for everything that's investing. Now we can net them out to find out what's the net investment. The net investment section is how much? Let's see, the net investment is 21,500. Okay, now we go from investing to financing. And financing, we already know that we paid 5,000 in dividend. So let's take care of the dividend first because we know that payment of dividend of 5,000, which is right here. Now there was a change in our common stock. Notice our common stock went from 45 to 35. Well, that's usually a financing of 10,000. But here's what we are told. Here's what we are told. We issued portion of long-term notes payable by issuing stocks 10,000. So that's non-cash. We're going to see where do we put this. But usually if we're not giving this information, we would say that we issued stocks of 10,000. But what else happened in the investing section? In addition to the dividend, payment of short-term notes. Short-term notes, if you notice here, where's the short-term notes, went from 4 to 3. Short-term notes is a current liability. It was paid down. If we paid it down, it means cash outflow. Therefore, it's negative 1,000. And nothing else, nothing else. Now we are ready to compute our net cash from financing, which is negative 6,000. Now let's net them all out. If we net investing, financing, and operating, it means we have an increase of 20,500. And let's see. If I find the difference between year 2 and year 1, that's 20,500. Great. It looks like it's going to balance. Not balance. It means it's correct. My beginning cash was 13. My ending is 33,500. My ending should be 33,500. And great. I was able to figure out my statement of cash flows. So notice this example, it involved a lot of stuff. It was not done yet. What else do we have to do? Well, you are told interest and income taxes were paid. You need to disclose this. So this is part of the disclosure. You need to say how much interest you paid. You need to show how much income taxes you paid. Also, you have to disclose additional information that's relevant that you issued stocks to pay off the debt. That's also a disclosure. This is a non-cash investing and financing. You also issued stocks. I'm sorry, you issued debt. You issued debt to buy equipment that's also need to be disclosed because those are non-cash investing and financing. So you will disclose interest, how much interest you paid income taxes, and those to the 10,000 and the 16,000 as non-cash. This is a comprehensive example. If you can go through this example and understand it, I believe you should be in good shape and you are ready for your CPA exam, ready for your cash flow statement. All what I'm going to ask you to do now, if you're not part of farhatlectures.com, go ahead, subscribe, work multiple choice questions through false exercises that's going to help you do better. The statement of cash flows is important. It's going to help you to go from accrual to cash, also from cash to accrual because that's also required of you. Again, on my website, you have the direct method, more examples, invest in yourself. Good luck and stay safe.