Good evening. This is Ken Roberts inviting you to listen to another adventure of Casey crime photographer Ace cameraman who covers the crime news of a great city our adventure for tonight the cotton early afternoon the quiet restful reception room of the a casket company The street door opens and two hard-eyed men enter From a glass and closed interoffice another man emerges and Good afternoon gentlemen. Hi You the boss here. Well, I'm the sales manager. Cook is my name Yeah, that's a hot name for a coffin salesman ain't it foot Yes, so I'm often told you want to see some samples of your product.  I'm no one Oh, well, I'm sorry, but we sell only to the trade I mean a guy's got to be an undertaker in order to buy one of your flushed line boxes That's our rules rules are made to be busted. Mr. I want to cough and I got the dough to pay for it. So show me one of your fanciest models I want the guy I'm buying it for to have the best After he's dead there when a guy kicks off was you long the best you said it You were you want to cast it for somebody who? Who isn't yet?  I don't understand. You don't have to just show us your boss Yes, but first I'll give you the name and address of the guy you'd ascended He's Nick Maddock. Yeah, oh Nick Maddock, and he lives in the manor hall apartment Nick Maddock is is the notorious gang leader. That's all right It's just believes what he reads the nose Yes, seems that way Mike look don't fall for that cheap publicity stuff cookie. Yeah, he has no professional standards They're like the force here for instance our force is the real good.  Let's see your coffins wearing kind of a hurry See this punk Nick Maddock. This might be a moored tonight I'm as brilliant as this coffin salesman cook new Andy Grallow's reputation So he took the little Andy in his hood back into the display room and let him pick out a silver plated slumber box Which Andy paid for cash on the line And as soon as the mobsters were gone cooked for the nearest precinct station and was sent here to headquarters where I heard And it's a front page story captain Logan Yeah, which this luggage probably given to all the papers in I haven't given it to any paper casey Including yours including ours, but I've just told you to is off the record for the time being Oh, yeah, and I look off the record. I said I'm gonna have any press break on this and I'm sure what it's all about We'll see enough to figure what it's all about There's been a long standing field between Andy Grallow and Nick Maddock Now come to a head and Rollo's planning to remove Landy is one of the smartest cooks I know of When he pulls such a grandstand play as the one at that coffin shop he's planning anything, but the obvious Well, Logan, what did you do when you heard the story? I had to do the obvious for my own protection. He ordered your cops to make a roundup of Andy's mob Oh, and so far we've pulled in every known member of the gang except Andy in the gorilla who went with him to that You got Maddock protected as much as I can protect his type I got cops spotted around his apartment house. He won't let him inside the apartment itself He knows about Andy Grallow ordering a coffin for me. I told him myself I had to again for my own protection and did Nick Maddock do a burn-up Which gave me another worry. He's undoubtedly sent guys out to gun for Andy And if we don't find that little rat A war is now definitely on between the Maddock gang and the Grallow gang Which means you won't be able to keep this coffin story off the record that long Until shooting actually starts I'm not gonna further Andy Grallow's plan whatever they are by allowing publicity for a yard He must have wanted to hit the papers I could only dope out from the little rat's scheme Is Nick Maddock staying inside his apartment? Yes, he's too yellow to want to leave it while Andy's still in the loo He's safely locked in with half a dozen of his muscle men and that gal friend of his, Ina's Kelly Well, she'll be his best protector. That Ina's is really tough But attractive, though, Annie, a polkratudinous bundle of feminine charm Well, if yes, meet... excuse me On as I draw, Captain Logan speaking Yes, Maddock Now we haven't found Grallow yet Now we've picked up everybody but him and put Larkin That's right, Larkin was with him at that casket place But don't worry, we'll get him soon Yeah, I can tell you're not worried Well, sit tight, goodbye Maddock's worried, huh? Gladly And he's glad to have us cops around him When he hides in danger, he says he'll be... Come in We've got Andy Grallow in the last of his gorillas, Captain You have?  He's a business associate That's the comedy, Grallow That was the big idea that coffin gag you pulled this afternoon What? You heard about that little joke of mine, Captain? It was a joke Well, what else did you think it was? I had no idea that news got around so fast that you foots No, no, Andy Gee, I hope our pal, Nick Maddock, ain't heard about it Thought a joke would be wrong to fear Your act isn't funny and I'm not laughing Sergeant will take these jokers into the boiler room Where they can do their stuff under spotlights Maybe we can improve their brand of humor All right, come on Now look here, Captain, you can come on Yeah, Troy I'll see you later, Miss Williams, Casey Yeah Well, Andy, let's be on our way May as well go back to the office We're calling on Nick Maddock Maddock? Yep, right now I have a hunch that little Andy's joke has been too well planned to miss Well, what's the point of the joke? Come on, at Nick Maddock's apartment, we may find the points I said that carpentine was just a gag That Casey... No, that's your story, Nick Yeah Very funny And it's just a big laugh, don't it, Ines? I've been busting my sides ever since I heard about it, honey Well, the laughs on Andy Grallow right now, Mr. Maddock He and his men are having a session with the cops For the last all night at least He was smart in giving the self up to the cops, Miss Williams If I or my guys had come across him, it'd have been just too bad Nick means a little Andy would have got his teeth knocked out Nothing more Sure, sure, I know We know that law-abiding guys like Nick don't go into extreme forms of violence Miss Williams, how about you and Casey having a drink or two on us? It's them bodyguards, Nick, having drunk it all up No thanks, Miss Halley, but I'd like to stick around here for a while And ask you and Mr. Maddock some questions Questions? Oh, well, nothing too personal Just something I can use if the paper runs a story about this thing Why should it run any story?  You'll snap yet your best, Nick, if you'll help them And you're a long way from your best with a crummy neck tie on Crummy neck tie? This ribbon cost me 40 bucks It ain't the common to you, honey Oh, a neck tie is a well It ain't either, Casey What do you think, Miss Williams?  Well, they are a little noisy They're in no class Go back to your bedroom, Nick, and change to the one with the hand painted blue birds on it That's a refined tie Come on, I'll go with you and see what you do it right Okay You and Casey come along with Williams You can ask some of them questions while Nick is changing them All right This is all jerky, putting on another tie The one with the blue birds, honey, and fix it in front of the mirror Not just by the sense of feel I'm standing right here at the door to watch you do it correct Ah, you things, give me a pay You've got to be managed one way or another, Miss Williams All right, you are Don't give this gal ideas, I know You'd have the same ideas if she'd been brought up the way I was How, oh, where were you brought up, Miss Tally? That's one of the questions I wanted to ask you My dirty, lousy mill town My old man was a mill worker, Weaver He was so poor as kids He would put the work as soon as our fingers were big enough to pluck out a loom You see, I'm not one of those girls who tries to kid the folks that I come from a fine old town Oh, this is that shot He's got Nick, he's fallen He was shot from that window Keep away from that window, Ines Whoever shot Nick may drill you I don't care Ines And then don't you go to that window, Casey Let me go I see the gun, Casey He's getting away over the roof Get out of the way, let me look That's too late Go on, but there's the rope ladder reused I see that Hey, what's happened here?  I'm afraid, Ines, that Nick is ready for the little Andy's coffin You know the roof of this apartment house connects with those of three other buildings at about the same level? The killer could have made his escape through any of those buildings Find out where he went to ask He can't stop for anything, but I want to wrap the shop my Nick I want him to burn My men are after him, and eventually they'll find him If you'll calm down and help us, you say you saw the killer But I still can't see any help It was only his feet and legs on that rope ladder up above me And then he disappeared Casey, you didn't see even the guy's feet and legs No, Logan, he was completely out of sight For the time I had to look out that window You gotta find him, Captain, you gotta Oh, Miss Talley, suppose you go into another room and lie down here A present frame of mind, you're only hindering my investigation I guess you're right Can I go to my own apartment? Your own apartment? With three floors down Nick didn't like turning me around this place all the time Now go ahead Now you go with him, Miss Williams Okay, Captain, come on, Ines Sergeant Yes, sir Send the man downstairs with those girls And have him stand watch outside Miss Talley's apartment I don't want her to leave it Okay, Captain You don't suspect Ines of this murder, Logan What you told me she couldn't be a suspect I'm afraid she might get a crazy notion to go after the killer on her own I'll keep her under wraps tonight in case Oh Casey, I want you to show me exactly where you, Ines, and Miss Williams stood When that shop was fired Well, we were just outside this bedroom door, Logan And was here I was back a little farther about here And Ines was directly in the doorway, leaning against that side of it But you couldn't see the window where the shop was fired No, I got a phone and that's it I stepped on something A thumb tag And I'm gonna dig it out of my shoe Well, one of those things is on the floor It's always pointless, right? Well, chances are You couldn't see anything worthwhile if that window had been here In line of vision It's covered with those drapes And the killer shot through the drapes Yeah You know, not many guys, but at the guts Or the ability to shag themselves up and down That flimsy rope ladder Eight stories above the street No, not killer was a crack shot too, Logan Hanging onto that ladder He planted a single shot in Maddox's back At just the right spot Captain Logan Yes, Sergeant Bernstein here Just found a gun on the ground below that window Let's see it, Bernstein Here, Captain Miller adjusted it to fingerprints right away But they weren't in it That's always nice That's a .45, Logan I mean, it's one exploded shell in this, huh? That's the murder gun, all right? The killer must have dropped it accidentally, Captain Tell him a straight line from that window And planned it in soft dirt Oh, uh, I found something else This length of fishing line Fishing line? Yes, it was snagged on the bush, not far from the gun There may be no connection, but I think there is Go on Now, this line's in two pieces Joined together in a sheet bend knot What kind of knot? A sheet bend, sir Ours and the Navy know that kind of stuff Also, it occurs to me this killer's been a sailor too I'm kind of how he could use a rope ladder so good And the sheet bend is a sailor's knot There is a connection, Logan The killer may have used this fishing line To hang the gun from around his neck While he used both hands to come down the ladder That way, he wouldn't have to dig into a pocket for it Yeah And growing up the ladder in a big hurry He could have snagged the line and torn it loose Take it to the lab, Bernstein It's under props to get busy on it Yes, sir Neither line or gun can be traced We've still got a small lead case Maddox killer must have been a sailor Whatever he's been There's only a hired hand tonight The guy who hired him is little Andy Grallow Sure And what a sweet alibi he and all his mob have got When Nick Maddox got the works Every one of them was being held at headquarters Captain Logan still ain't got no where's on Nick Maddox's murder Huh, Casey? Nope, nowhere at all, Elizabeth Gee, and it happened almost two weeks ago I thought with all the swell clues the cops had It'd be solved in a couple of days What swell clues did the cops have? The cops to begin with they knew Andy Grallow Must have planned it and hired the actual killer You've got to do more than know a thing When you charge a man with murder, Appleburg The law demands proof That's why his attorneys were able to spring him out of jail Only a few days after Maddox's funeral How about that fish line and the gun and the rope ladder? They haven't been traced to the person who used them Maybe they never will be And millions of men have been sailors Finding the sailor who used that rope ladder And who tied the knot in that fishing line Well, looking for a needle in that old haystack Is easy by comparison I never thought too much of that sailor idea, Miss Williams You know, when I tie a couple of pieces of string together I loop what you call a sheet bend as a matter of habit But you Mm-hmm You've never been a sailor, Appleburg Me a sailor? Oh goodness, no Well then But my old lady used to do fancy work on a loom When I was a kid she taught me how to weave, too And what sailors call a sheet bend is exactly the same as a weaver's knot Wait a minute, a weaver's knot? Mm-hmm Well, why didn't you tell me that before? Did you ask me? I... Annie, come on, let's get over to the office Huh? I want a good look at the pictures I took in Maddox's bedroom Right after he was shot In this picture, I pulled the drapes back from that casement In order to show the dangling rope ladder outside Oh yeah, I remember Only one side of the casement was opened You see the angle of the opening? Angle? No, no Now look, a gun Clamped to the open side of that window Would point directly at anyone standing in front of the mirror As Maddox stood when he was shot And a strong cord could have been looped around the trigger Then passed around the butt of the gun And then further passed along the wall of the room behind the bed And fastened to a thumbtack in the wall near where Ainez stood Well, you think Ainez? Ainez was taught to tie a weaver's knot When she was a kid, don't forget She became part of her job to tie them It's the kind of a knot she instinctively uses And, if you remember Ainez I stepped on a thumbtack just inside that doorway But she couldn't have set off a gun trap While we stood within a few feet off her Why not? All she had to do was pull on a fishing line That we didn't even know existed And the purpose of the whole setup Was that somebody should be with her to alibi her No, she did persuade Maddox to go into the bedroom And to fix his tie before that new Yeah, and after the shooting She made a B-line for that window Where she had time to loosen the spring clamp And stuff it inside her dress Well, naturally, the gun fell Carrying the fishing line with it And the line only looped around the trigger Naturally would fall free of it Well, but in case of that rope land It was never used It was hung from the roof simply as a red herring You see, there had to be believable evidence That Maddox was shot from outside Well, I don't believe that Ainez Tally has the brains to have planned such a setup Oh, you underestimate that, gal But I think the plan was mostly Andy Gralos Gralos? That coffin gag, Annie It wasn't pure coincidence that he got himself In his entire mob a perfect alibi On the night Maddox was killed Oh, no, we've never kidded ourselves about that But instead of hiring a killer as we thought Someone who wasn't a regular member of his gang He had an inside track on Maddox's gal friend And she double-crossed Maddox Because Gralos has more money, more brains Better look Or maybe simply because she didn't like Maddox's taste of necktie I don't know Female motives or anybody's guess Well, how are you going to prove your pretty theory? Annie, Ainez may have something in her apartment That'll tire up with Andy Gralos And of course you prefer to search her apartment Without police assistance Well, remember, Annie Exclusives earn bonuses for poor Newspaper stiffs like us And Christmas isn't too far away Well, I've been in Ainez's apartment And the locks on her door should be easy For an accomplished housebreaker like yourself Shall we, Miss Williams? Tonight? Mr. Casey? Lock was a cinch, Annie, no trouble at all Close the door quick and relock it Oh, it's set Now, where we begin? In her bedroom Look for a clamp That might have held that gun Into anything that may connect Ainez with Andy Gralos Okay, her bedroom's in here All right, we'll work it over together Remember where the light switch is? I think so Yeah, I've got it Good evening, Miss Williams Andy Gralos And my old pal Casey Well, it surprises on me as well as you Well, that's nice to know I let myself in that front door right after Ainez left You see, I'd been casing her movements From the hall instead of down on the street Due to, uh... Well, I wanted to search her place, too I see you'd made a start before we interrupted You find what you were looking for, Andy? No, I didn't have time Now, you two can help me Are you always willing to help a man who has a gun pointed at her? Oh, yes I thought you'd be What's here that you want, Andy? Same thing you wanted Special kind of clamp You know, this Ainez Townley's a smart girl Before she'd do a certain little favor for me She made me write a letter I wouldn't like the cops to see Yeah, I figured her as that kind of a business woman Yeah, but brainy girls are dangerous Like snoopy newspaper people A guy like me's better off without them So after you two help me find the things I want from Ainez The three of us will stick around until she comes home I'll get rid of her at the same time I lose you for keeps Right here in her apartment You'll be blamed for killing her, she for killing you Stop that, Rod! Ainez! You lousy double-crosser! No, no, don't shoot her!  Casey! They shot each other, Casey Shot each other! They certainly have, and good These double-crossing playmates Both need coffins now St. Miss Williams Did the cops find what Andy Grallow was looking for in Ainez's apartment? In a safety deposit vault, she had a letter he'd written That would have incriminated him plenty in the manic murder Why did a smart guy like him let her have so much on him? Well, he thought he was smarter than he was apparently, Edelman Andy met her very stiff terms because he was sure he could double-cross her, you see, and get everything back Well, what was her big motive in playing along with Andy Grallow? Love, money, revenge, or just... No, we'll never know, really And female motives are anybody's guess See, Miss Williams, you called me a skinker the other day What's a skinker? Yeah, Annie, you know, I looked it up, and the only definition I could find was a kind of lizard I'm no lizard Well, you didn't look far enough In the big dictionary, you'll find it all so mean One who pours drinks Oh, so I am a skinker But that sounds like... Tonight's adventure was written by Alonzo Dean Cole Stott Cotsworth played the part of Casey, Jan Miner was Anne, and John Gibson was Ethelbert Next week, another adventure of Casey, crime photographer This is the United States Armed Forces Radio Service, The Voice of Information and Education


If the emergence on the world stage of a new state results from a concerted and negotiated process with the mother state, the rest of the world will usually feel reassured and will not contest such outcome. State recognition will easily be granted. And for instance, South Sudan declared its independence in 2011 following an internationally monitored referendum that had been agreed after a lengthy and bloody civil war. South Sudan was easily and quickly recognized as a state. However, and throughout history, many new states came to exist as a result of unilateral acts of secession. The question often asked in that regard is to know whether international law prohibits unilateral secessions. And of course, if unilateral secessions are illegal as such under international law, then the obligation not to recognize should apply and the new entity that pretends to be a state should not be recognized as a state. However, traditionally, international law has remained silent on the matter. While unilateral secession is usually unconstitutional under domestic law, international law does not provide for any rule prohibiting unilateral secession as such and as a matter of principle. In other words, per se, secession is not prohibited under general international law. And that may sound strange to you. And you may think that because international law protects the territorial integrity of states and notably under article 2 paragraph 4 of the UN Charter that we shall study later in the course, because of the rule protecting territorial integrity, you may think that unilateral secession is illegal as it undoubtedly alters the territorial integrity of state. However, as the International Court of Justice made clear in an advisory opinion about the conformity with international law of the unilateral declaration of independence in respect of Kosovo, as the court made clear, I quote, the scope of the principle of territorial integrity is confined to the sphere of relations between states, end of quote, that is between already existing states. One must therefore understand that at the very moment when secession occurs through a unilateral declaration of independence, the entity which is about to pretend to become a state is not yet bound by the duty owed by states vis-à-vis each other, the duty to respect their respective territorial integrity. Such duty becomes binding on the new state once it has become a state, just a second as it were, after its declaration of independence and provided, of course, that the outcome of such declaration is successful and that a new state effectively results from it. Well, this may sound fairly artificial to you and fairly formal, but if international law were to radically prohibit secession, it would simply mean that history is forever written in advance, as the establishment of any new state would be contrary to international law and could not be recognized by other states. Then the composition of the international community of states would be frozen forever. The power of existing states on their people would be considerably reinforced because the creation of any new state would need to be concerted, which would amount to giving to the mother state an unlimited veto to the emergence of a new state on a portion of its territory. And this may be the case as a matter of domestic law, but this is not the case as a matter of international law. So while the absence of a radical prohibition of unilateral secession under international law might be an element, of course, of instability in international relations, it does make some sense and it is actually not without some moral foundation. Well, this does not mean, however, that unilateral secessions are always in conformity with international law. And as the court made clear in the same advisory opinion, there are indeed cases where the unilateral secession stems from other grave breaches of international law, like an illegal use of force by another state helping the secession, and that was the case of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, or the violation of the right of colonial people to self-determination, and that was the case in the situation in Southern Rhodesia, or grave breaches, grave crimes resulting in an ethnic cleansing. And that was the case in relation to the declaration of independence of the Republic of Serbska by the Bosnian Serbs during the war in Bosnia. In all those cases, unilateral secession is the result of grave breaches. In other words, secession would not have existed without those breaches, and therefore the unilateral secession constitutes an illegal situation to which the obligation not to recognize applies. And this is precisely why the Security Council condemned as illegal the situations I just mentioned and requested from the UN member states that they do not recognize such situations as such and the entities as states. But that practice by the Security Council does not create a rule prohibiting unilateral secessions as such. Let us turn now to the text of the advisory opinion by the court on those various points.


Hi everyone, Joe for Jaspy's casewrakes.com coming at you with 2023 Panini Donneress football 3 box Random team number 12 one spot gets you to all card ship big thanks to this group for making it happen Let's double you up. Oh double up. Oh, oh all 32 are in Let's roll it and randomize it four into three seven times or names and teams to Yeah, but I know how to work a calculator though Rex Four and a three seven times you got Joe down Nick four and a three seven times the teams two three four I can't math in my head though Buccaneers down to Texans All right, Joe with the Buccaneers Jeremy with my Raiders Andrew with the Cardinals Jeremy with the Chiefs David with the Jets Jeremy with the Colts last spot mojo. I did all this, right right four and three seven times Seven seven I always like to double check this Jeremy poor with the Colts Michael with the Broncos Nicholas with the Bears Jeremy with the Patriots Michael with the Cowboys Karen with the Browns Roger with the Seahawks Joe with the Ravens Michael with the Rams Roger with the Eagles Michael with the Commanders Joe with the Bangles Michael with the Falcons David with the Bills Nick with the Dolphins David with the Niners Joe with the Giants Nick with the Vikings Joe with the Packers Allen almost said Joe with the Allen that doesn't work Joe with the Packers Allen with the Lions David with the Jaguars Karen with the Saints Allen with the Chargers Michael with the Panthers Joe with the Tynes Andrew with the Steelers and Nick with the Houston Texans All right, I will pause the video just for a little bit These are the final three boxes of the case that we marked up there. We're gonna pause videos here There's any trades. So stick around. We'll see you on the other side All right, welcome back to the other side of the trade window Now Brock Purdy getting bailed out. He just threw a ball right to The middle of three Lions defenders there was no niner there was it tipped. I don't think he got his hand hit. Oh I see okay It wasn't as bad as I thought it was His hand hits defender. He was trying to get it over that Lions defender, but instead it floated right into his hands but Lions defender bales them out by doing the blindside block penalty Now it's first and ten Niners retain the ball or no. Oh, so no, they still get the they still get the ball. You're right. Yeah. Thank you Adam So the interception counts, but then there was the blindside block. Oh No, Joe says your cable TV is on a one-play delay you hear the results of any play sooner from me Joe you can always press pause on your live stream wait like a I don't know however many seconds maybe wait a minute and then unpause it and then we might be right on track So we can actually do a little little thing right now Where I can tell you exactly what's happening and then you can count how many seconds until it happens on your TV And that's how long you'll pause it. They're showing the replay of the most recent play There's Jared got throwing it. There's the catch by La Porta and he just got tackled Oh, yeah, there's a live minus 120 Very slight favorite to still win. I guess they still are the home team If I was in Vegas, I might have called that a little too early Now Vegas also make money Adam Vegas still needs the handle right all the books need the handle. So they're just like yeah, Niners love a chance I just love a chance. Don't worry. Don't worry. Keep betting keep putting money and Keep putting in money on the Niners as a favorite All right first of three. Good luck And we got Kaderious Tony champions here you might be champ again chiefs going the Super Bowl again One 72 out of 299 that'll be for Jeremy and the Chiefs Wow another great throw and catch my golf There are the needle there right who Tony? You know Kaderious Tony you might want to limit him during key plays down the stretch There's Layton van der Esch to 50 To 55 his jersey number Dallas that's gonna be Michael. Wow and a touchdown Whoo Jameer Gibbs Told you the game is over There's a Michael with Dallas To 399 CD lamb There's Dalton Kincaid That's CD lamb and and I'm on the I'm on the Niners minus seven. I thought I Thought this would be a W for them for sure. There he is Jameer Gibbs a touchdown in the NFC championship game Detroit went to 1 minus 160. It was just the Niners minus 120 Just a bit before Doesn't seem like much of a favor for 217 Mary. I guess there still is a lot of time left a ton of time left There's a mingo and waddle and there's a gardener minch you We had a 10 out of 10. Didn't we have a 10 out of 10 gardener minch you in a completely different break? It's Jeremy in the Colts Right in that prison break prison box The wrong Colts QV as Adam mentioned previously Yeah, it's mint you to 10 night. Well, everybody keep getting to those football breaks I'm pulling those minch use to 10 left and right Detroit's past events has not been good this year Yeah, so This we'll see Brock Purdy's guys got to start stepping up a little bit here. Although didn't that happen last game? For the Niners Brock Purdy was kind of not so good for three quarters and then And then he showed up in the fourth quarter. I showed up when he count when it counts I guess that's all that matters in the end the W Stefan digs Ravens are gonna have to figure it out. They're gonna have to retool and try to figure it out again Try to get over that, huh? Ah, that's a huge difference on the prism Richardson to 10 sold for 4,000 that minch you to 10 sold for 60 A little bit of a difference There's a Mitch Trubisky to 65 Michael Mayor There's an Anthony Richardson rookie card. That's that's who we're looking for Jerry. There's the speedy Trey Tucker for my Raiders All right, that was box one box two All right, let's see how the Niners respond Brock Purdy through an interception that turned into a Lions touchdown pretty quickly They've got five minutes left in the first half Brock Purdy with the ball Let's see what he does throws it low It's McCaffrey. He's do a best of three game playoffs 60 players on a team. They can do it That would take forever. Oh One there's unless you're saying have them do a game a Game a week that'd be interesting, but I feel like the NFL players association would never agree to it You would have to have like a hundred person roster, too. I think quality of the NFL would be quite diluted It's hard to field 32 good teams let alone Do a do a series although Soccer does like home and away games and then they do the Add the the entire score the aggregate score that that could be interesting It would make the playoffs take too long, but Deep pass, but no. Oh almost caught but no Brock pretty got flush out of the pocket try to throw it and the Niners got to punch it away right box to Pukin to Kua hand and hooker Hooker marinating behind Jared Goff right now. What a season for Pukin to Kua and the Rams And it'll be for Michael Willie galt. There's a gridiron Kings Anthony Richardson and Isaiah Simmons Jeremy Port with the Colts Isis Simmons is to 94 19 out of 94 Andrew with Arizona a lot of upside for Hennan Hooker. This this is going to be someone to You know Alan has Detroit someone to hold on to So who knows what they'll do with Jared Goff Jared Goss looking good good this season say flowers Good game for him and also bad Gotta got made a great catch for a touchdown early on but then later gave that away with a fumble in the end zone Reaching out to to try to get another touchdown, but ended up fumbling it away What are the Raiders going to do with a no-conal? I don't know I think they have to find an offensive coordinator first It's been a little quiet on that front, but they got to find an offensive coordinator first And then I guess they'll all the team will get together and figure out what to do In the quarterback position, maybe what to do with Josh Jacobs was on a one-year franchise tag last year 14 out of 25 gold die cut for the Raiders. It's for Jeremy Port and he suggested that If Antonio Pierce was hired at the coach, he may be willing to Come back to the Raiders and be on a slightly team-friendly deal That seemed to be the implicated he didn't say that But it seemed like if he wasn't higher he was all but all but gone from the Raiders Stefan digs Look at this giant towel the ref has Is he the the ref that wipes off the football? I guess he's that big old towel Another great iron king tendon hooker another cardner mint you this time to a hundred Not the best trifecta on one drive despite a couple big plays No, let's see what the Lions are gonna do. They can start controlling the game with the running game Now they're gonna keep running the football here and the relic Three-color patch 20 out of 100 all pro Kings Justin Tucker You could sing a little bit too apparently it's gonna go to Joe and the Ravens Jack Campbell rated rookie to 100 Another one for Alan in Detroit Got a rated rookie Anthony Richardson in a gold tray Tucker Anthony Richardson going to Jeremy Port and the Colt its last spot mojo There's my guy Trey Tucker One out of ten Gold ice in that a optic design Hopefully the new offensive coordinator whoever That may be we'll be able to unlock his speed Jeremy Port has my raiders and got an aide no Connell with you as well And we got Super Bowl champion autograph Nick Bolton 119 out of 299 chiefs That'll be for Jeremy Port another Anthony Richardson this time the rookies design Jeremy and the Colts Alyssa Milano set up a go fund me to raise money for her son's baseball trip Doesn't sound right someone fact-check rex. He's been a little off today.  Why would she I'll fact-check rex Oh, she did Yeah, that's a bad look Not a good look American Airlines added flight 1989 from Kansas to Vegas Before the Super Bowl and a flight 87 for the return after the game. I see what they're doing there You gotta gotta get on that hype train All right third and final box You got a CJ Straub rated rookie card Nice that'll be for the Texans Nicholas and a rich eyes an autograph Nice for the Jets that's gonna go to David Duffy Let's fact-check this is he really a fan of the Jets Adam Adams a Jets fan. I don't have to fact-check that Adam Cupperman Jets fan his rich eyes in the Jets fan.  To 500 Oh, do those actually sell for a decent amount. I imagine they will I feel like that's I feel like Donners used to do more fans of the game inserts And we got more Jets here we got passing the torch from Joe Namath to Aaron Rodgers 27 out of 49 It's a little bit of time between a Little bit of time between Joe and Aaron But here's another one for David and the Jets It's pretty nice It's pretty cool though Two color patch there three color patch here Not from any specific gamer event, but still cool. Oh Maybe not last rich eyes not a soul for $9. Sorry. That's to 150 bomb squad DTR Karen in the Browns Little Levis, let's see what they do with him And another gold die cut three out of 25 Chris Rodriguez jr Commanders that'll be for Michael The Levis will go to Joe and the Titans There's a run they're gonna get it another tackle for a loss the Niners are All right, that makes things interesting third down. Maybe they'll take another time out Try to get the ball back with a little bit of time Try to sneak in a TD before It's the score before the half and I think they get the ball back to start the second half the Niners do right Zach Evans 48 out of 50 rated rookie Donner's optic format Rams that'll be for Michael Tyree Wilson who looked better and better with each game Time went on there's a Bryce young that'll be for Michael in Carolina 3rd and 18 for the Lions Goss gonna throw it. It's a catch. It's a first down and more Wow, St. Brown. We've got another Anthony Richardson right here Jeremy Port in the Colts I feel like we've got everything but the autograph Richardson wise There's Jeffrey Simmons 13 out of 98 Joe with the Titans and the last stack here. There's Pacheco We'll see him in the Super Bowl We've got Jalen Hertz Eagles are gonna retool for next year Zach Charbonne is gonna have a new coach and there's Anthony Munoz nice for the Bengals There you have it folks 2023 Panini Donner's football three box break in the books Some fun stuff here. We got that dual relic the rich Isons We've got the gold trade Tucker Justin Tucker Minchu to 10 and we started off with that Cadarius Tony. There you go gang I'm Joe for Jasper's case rates calm. Thanks for watching. Thanks for breaking with us I'll see you next time for the next break. Bye. Bye


Hi, and welcome to the session. Let's work out the following question the question says Solve the following differential equation that is x squared into dy by dx is equal to 2 x y plus y squared So let us see the solution to this question Here we are given x squared into dy by dx is equal to 2 x y plus y squared this implies dy by dx is equal to 2 x y plus y squared divided by x squared Now we see that it is a homogeneous differential equation So we can write it further as we can divide the numerator and the denominator by x squared and we get dy by dx is equal to 2 y by x Is equal to y squared.  Now integrating both the sides we get t-grill dx upon x is equal to integral 1 upon v minus 1 upon 1 plus v dv This implies log mod x plus log of some constant say c is equal to log of mod v divided by 1 plus v This implies v upon 1 plus v is equal to plus minus x into c This implies now we put back the value of v is y by x and we get y divided by x into 1 plus y by x is equal to plus minus x into c therefore y is equal to plus minus c x into x plus y So this is our answer to this question. I hope that you understood the solution and enjoyed the session. Have a good day


Most of this information comes from the Form 1040 Instructions Tax Year 2022. You can find it at the IRS website, irs.gov, irs.gov. When looking at the income tax formula, we're focused once again online, one that being income. Remembering that the first half of the income tax formula is in essence an income statement. Although a strange one, income up top, the equivalent of expenses being the deductions to get down to the equivalent of net income. Not being taxable income, our objective flipped on its head where we want the taxable income as low as possible as opposed to normally when we want the net income as high as possible which means when talking about the income line up top, the question is, is this something that is income? If it is income, do I have to include it or is there some kind of exemption for it? So this time we're going to be talking about capital gains and capital gains get a little bit tricky as well because we have the calculation of the income up top and then we also might have this concept of having different tax rates related to those capital gains which will be applied down here when we do the tax calculation after arriving at the taxable income. Remember that actually calculating the tax is quite complex because we have a progressive tax system already which means that the one taxable income number might be calculated using multiple different rates and now we're going to add a level of complexity possibly and that we could have different tax rates for capital gains and we may have different tax rates as we saw before for dividends, for example. So quick justification in terms of why that might be, why might we have different tax rate for capital gains, note what capital gains are, these are typically gains for most people we're thinking about gains from the stock trades for example, we're holding onto investments, stocks and bonds and then hopefully those stocks and bonds will accumulate upward in value over time. If we want to realize and spend the money with regards to those stocks and bonds, we sell the stocks and bonds and at that point in time that's when we quote realize and quote the gains. Suddenly I have an opinion about the capital gains tax. So the gains can accumulate upwards, in other words the value of the stocks can go up in value but we don't generally have a taxable event related to those investments other than possibly with regards to dividends and interest but not with the increase in the value, the capital value of the investment until the point in time we sell it and the justification for that is that the stock market will fluctuate up and down so it would be kind of a chaotic situation for us to try to realize gains and losses without having actually sold the stock. So then when we actually sell the investment we're going to take the sales price minus the cost account for any kind of cost of the trades that took place as well to get to the gain. Now the issue with the gains that we have then why wouldn't the gains just be in ordinary income? Couple justifications for that one would be that these gains actually accumulated over a long period of time possibly because if they're long-term gains they're going to happen over at least a year longer than that oftentimes people are holding on to the stocks for a long time if you're a long-term investor and therefore you might have this situation where you sold something that accumulated revenue over 10 years and you're accounting for it in one year. You have the similar situation with our progressive tax system as though that situation where you have the lottery choice. Should I take the lottery money today or should I take it over installments over so many years into the future? The tax consequence of taking it today would mean that that lump sum will increase your taxable income to the point where the progressive tax tables for ordinary income would be much higher and so that can kind of distort things. Same kind of thing happens here if I take 10 years worth of gains and realize them at one time you might argue that you have an unreasonably high tax rate that might be applied because you didn't really get all that money now you invested to get the money that's one argument. Another argument is just simply that you want to incentivize investments in the stock market. Stock market guy. And to do that that incentivizes people to save which is usually good it's good to save for retirement and we want to of course stimulate the economy and whatnot and therefore that's another argument to try to lower the the costs of investing our money in stocks and bonds. Some people are skeptical of that argument thinking that's what you know the the stock traders obviously might like that type of argument but those are the arguments from a tax perspective that result in us having this more complex situation of having to realize the gain and also deal with the tax consequences. Now also just realize that you could have losses right so it gets actually quite complex if you have gains and losses short-term gains and long-term gains we might dive into that topic a little bit more in and of itself later but for right now we just want to think about the idea of it's going to pull into the first page of the form 1040 if we have these capital gains. Also realize if you sell other things like property and whatnot you might end up with a similar situation of a capital gain that will be reported on a schedule D it's just that the most common thing that people think of with a schedule D capital gains are investments in stocks and bonds. Also just realize that most people have their investments in stocks and bonds under the umbrella of a retirement count like a 401k plan or an IRA situation where they might be earning their increase in the value of the stocks and bonds just like if it was outside of an IRA or 401k and they might be earning dividends and income but those are going to usually be going back into the account and they're not actually pulling money out of that account until the point in time that they retire because that's the point of putting them into the 401k plan if you pull the money out before that point then you could get hit with the penalties and interest so that means when you pull the money out then it's usually going to be included as a distribution at retirement age and that usually is included as kind of like income right but if you're putting money into the stock market outside of a retirement plan which is often good if you have the money to do that over and above what you're putting into the retirement plan because then you have kind of a nest egg or something that you can dip into at least in the medium term it's not the emergency money but it's money that you can access fairly quickly by selling stocks and bonds that isn't under the umbrella of an IRA or 401k plan and when you sell that stuff that's when you would have you know a capital gain situation obviously if you do taxes you will also run into some people that just like day trading they're going to try to get value from a short term investments in which case the schedule D can be quite extensive and problematic for most people they don't do the day trading their long-term investors and they work somewhere else and therefore the schedule D is usually not that burdensome and most of their investments like I say are under the umbrella of a 401k or an IRA which means you know it's going to be accounted for a little a little bit differently in terms of the distributions at retirement okay so it's going to be here on line seven if you have and there's the capital gain attached schedule D here's a quick look at the schedule D the general ideas that we've got the proceeds the cost and then adjustments and then the gains and losses note that the short-term gains and those long-term gains I'm not going to dive into that in too much detail here we might go into it in more detail later I just want to touch on it as something included in income another type of income now normally you'll will get a schedule a form 1099 B from your financial institution your bank or your each rate or your vanguard whoever you are investing with that also might give you a 1099 B for interest and dividends and so on so it might not look exactly like this but it will say 1099 B on it somewhere and it'll have the related boxes that are going to be necessary in order to do the calculation so note that what you need to to calculate is you need the date acquired because you got to see if it's short term or long term and the date sold oftentimes these two things are summarized on the 1099 and then there's more detail in the full 1099 report because you might have bought and sold multiple stocks and bonds for example and the main thing that has a consequence on your taxes is short term versus long term so for example if you sold like 100 like one if you sold one stock then it's pretty straightforward on the short term and long term at one time not a problem but if you're dealing with a day trader that sold like hundreds of shares then the major thing that you need to be grouping together is the fact that these group of shares were sold under a year and these groups of shares were sold over a year which you might summarize in your data input in the tax software and possibly then use the schedule provided to you by the the financial institution as backup and attach that to your tax return instead of entering every single trade that happened


Yeah, it was a good start. There's still a lot of things we could do better, especially in the run game. And we got Tana Hill hit too many times. But coming back from a buy, those guys play hard. And being in that situation before 2014, 2015, I know what those guys are going through. It's tough. You're in December. And it's a five game season for them. So hats off to them for playing as hard as they did. We played good ball today. We did a good job of fighting through that 40 to 40 engine, putting good balls. Well, I'm still going to ask the question. Is this what you guys were supposed to do today? Dominate, maybe inferior, and how's good did it make you feel the pulse? Say that again, I'm sorry. Is this kind of what you guys were supposed to do today? Dominating, inferior team, and you feel like you got to do that? You know, it's the NFL. So to say that's an inferior team, that's tough. They got talented guys out there. They're talented as rushers. Our defense just played a really good game. And that team is going to do a good job in the future. I think Trevor Lawrence is that guy's a winner. He's been a winner since high school. And they're just in that phase that the Titans were 2014, 2015. And so I expect them to be better next season year after that. So like I said, they scrapped the whole day. There was no quit from them. So I had to talk to them. Have you guys developed a certain attitude? You got to talk a lot about that. Am I on this one now? Yes. Have you tried to move this? You said there's some things you could work on in the run games. Have you kind of developed at least a consistency not in the run game that maybe was not there a few in the first few weeks? I think we're, yeah, that's a good question. I think we're figuring it out. I think we're, you know, Derrick's Derrick.  He's the king, right? So there definitely was a big loss when we lost them. But we got guys in there that can run the ball.  And I think Todd did a good job of putting those guys in a position to be successful. But as an offensive line, I think we left a lot of meat on the bone. There was a lot of situations where we could have been better. That's how it always is.  Everyone's going to get healthy. I think I don't know if you guys got hurt this game, but hopefully it was a relatively injury-free game.   They say it's his last year or whatever, like he is a stud. And they have great offense players. So we have our hands full next week and we'll get back on track with that on Wednesday. What was it like to be coming back on the field with so much sudden change today? That was awesome. You'd like it to be more complimentary. I think we got 16 yards on one turnover right in the middle of the field. We got to be better at playing complimentary football as an offense. So, but it's great to see the defense have success like that. That makes, you know, when we score on the first drive, it takes a lot off them. And when they get picks like that, it takes a lot of us. So we got to do a better job of taking their turnovers and turning into points. And so we'll hopefully address that and continue to move forward. Taylor, you mentioned we were speaking about the injuries of the Gallic Rodgers after this kind of battle for injury time and timing in, what did you say about his effort? Yeah, Roger's a scrapper, man. I can't say enough good things about Roger Saffold. That's my boy, man. I love that guy. He's a great dude. He works extremely hard. And so, you know, whatever he's got going on, whatever he's dealing with, I have no doubt he'll attack it 100%. And, you know, I know what he's dealing with.  It is just one of those really nagging things. I just hope that, you know, I know that he's going to attack it. I hope he feels a lot better come the end of this week. What's it mean or what could it mean to have Julio Jones back in the morning? You don't have to ask Tana Hill that. I have never thrown a ball to Julio Jones, not even in pre-practice.  There's a reason why they called him cheat code in Atlanta. So I think anytime when he's on the field that we were lucky to have him on this team. So you feel like you guys were re-energized, came after the body. Did you notice it makes you play faster? Yeah, I felt like we did play a little bit. I definitely, when these situations, when you haven't watched the film or anything yet, you got to speak for yourself individually because you don't know what happened. But for me personally, I felt a whole lot better. You know, I think in the beginning of the season, I had the little thing here and there and I missed a couple of games and it's nice to get a stretch in and get it by, get healthier and then keep moving forward. So just continue to grow in those things. That's important. It's a long season. The NFL decided to make it a little longer. So, you know, it's one of those things you have to really take care of your body, especially in December and January.


Hello and welcome to the war economy and state podcast. This is our foreign policy and international relations podcast here at the Mises Institute This is about monthly almost monthly mostly monthly that we do it here and it's when me and Zack Yoast get together and just keep our readers updated on some important issues going on and foreign policy And this week we feel we should talk about the 2023 Pentagon document leaks, which the media is already mostly ignoring But if you're the sorts of person sort of person who likes this podcast and follows foreign policy as we talk about it here on Mises.org or maybe on friendly websites like anti-war comm places like that It's it's an important issue and should not be ignored But for for those at home who just want the basic details on it You may remember that in April 2023. So last month Started to hear about these leaks of information from documents that were classified at the Pentagon and what did these documents say? they had a lot of information about US-Ukraine relations and The war in general as well as however even some relations between the US and Egypt and South Korea and some other related issues What it turned out though hilariously is that these documents had actually been floating around online for quite some time and That they had been allegedly posted by a person named Jack Texara an airman of The Massachusetts Air National Guard so very low-ranking guy about 21 years old And he had posted them on a discord server. They were being discussed in Twitter telegram and 4chan and That people had been reading them for months They just hadn't been widely discussed outside of these particular groups Online but then they started to get posted other places and then the geniuses at the Pentagon realized that these documents had been leaked and we had been online for quite some time and So the Pentagon's allies in the media The mainstream media got to work trying to find who had leaked these documents and basically did a lot of the The US intelligence state's work for it track down this guy He was arrested. Who knows now how long he'll Rot in jail or prison There hasn't been much news yet about the charges and and when he might be awaiting trial But so that's still there young man whose life is now ruined by this Nevertheless let some information out that Some of it looks pretty darn reliable and tells us a little bit more about how things work at the Pentagon and just how Badly the US mismanages a lot of its relationships with its own allies how it's spying on its own allies how it's shelling out For an aid money to do its allies you were then working with Russia and so on and Zach will cover a lot of those details here And so that's the basic rundown of that So it's been about a month now since it was it was news and there's still a lot more to know about what happens to Jack-tex era But this just leaves a lot of questions about okay Why was he in a position to leak these documents and then what does this tell us about American foreign policy? so Zach I guess Really we could just start off with some of the basics here You've got a list here of what you think are some of the most salient issues So why don't we just get right into it about what you think are some of the most important bits of information learned From these these leaked documents and we can kind of just go from there As you mentioned about us allies this to me is just sort of hilarious in like a dark way like most us foreign policy is full of dark humor so the u.s since 1946 has given Egypt eighty five billion dollars and nowadays it's about one point three billion dollars a year and These leaks and these I have not seen these documents But it's been reported by a whole bunch of other places Because as you said the doc there was not just one leak these this guy was just putting them on discord And then they just disseminated all over the place, but the military dictator of Egypt Basically it's one thing these leaks seem to show is we just have intelligence agents everywhere because we know so much About what's happening in internal? Administrations of all these countries, but basically the military dictator of Egypt was trying to arrange to sell 40,000 rockets to Russia And he's like we have to do this carefully so the US doesn't find out You know we have to route them carefully well Apparently someone sitting in on the meeting is on the US payroll or We have the room tapped or something because we knew Right away, so that's just absurd right right off the bat that You know we're we've provided over a hundred billion dollars to Ukraine and this other country We've given eighty five billion dollars to over the years is actively working against us even though we write them a big check every year although that check is mostly so they can then buy American military equipment so really it's a convoluted rent-seeking scheme, but still that's infuriating another thing is that the United Arab Emirates was going to Open some sort of Russian Military equipment repair facility and I think this would be related to Russian equipment in Syria where Russian and American planes have been like playing chicken recently, so it's just sort of like the UAE We just sold them twenty three billion dollars in military equipment in at the beginning of 2021 So it's just sort of like They're just stuffed with American equipment and we can consider them Oh such an important partner in the region we facilitated there in Saudi Arabia as You know horrible disastrous war in Yemen for so long and it's just like this is This is how our friends repay us friends in quotes You know as I mean, it's it's almost insulting just The way in which the US is being used here and one no one seems to care and two like the government I don't even know what they just I doubt we're not gonna cut Egypt it's check right I mean and that yeah, that should be just some additional context here, right is Just remember every time the US claims to be on the side of democracy and freedom Just remember the US One of its top recipients for decades has been Egypt the military dictatorship Whose economy is heavily dependent on military spending like the military is the number one employer. It's it's a military state Certainly the Christians in Egypt suffer horribly at the hands of the allies of the ruling regime there I mean, it's just An awful awful regime I wouldn't much like to live under the United Arab Emirates either Certainly not exactly a friend to Western civilization, but yeah another paid-off ally of The US so let's let's get over this idea that the US is only friends with with the democracy living regimes not to mention the Saudi regime which at least until recently was firmly in the pocket of the US although they're now working with Iran and China now on the the military base thing with Russia now Russia unlike the United States doesn't have very many bases outside of they're very near abroad, right? They have a refueling. They have a small base really on the coast of Syria And they've been in negotiations trying to do something with Vietnam and that always just seems to get pushed further Into the future. So what what was this plan with UAE? Was it it going to be a place in the Persian Gulf where they would have a base? I wasn't quite sure on that I think it was just the UAE was going to repair Russian equipment like it wasn't going to be like a military base type thing, but it's just like They're facilitating Someone were were literally like playing chicken with with fighter jets right now in Syria I mean Syria is a whole mess. We should leave of course and then I you know Russia and Syria and the UAE can do whatever they want But it's the point is is that where we're being played for suckers here as John Mirsheimer says the US is uncle sucker So it's that it's just Annoying insulting. Well, isn't what really matters that these regimes continue to get money so they can buy American weapons I mean you hinted at that isn't that the real purpose of it all? Yeah, lots of the military aid It's it's not like we just give them a pallet of cash or something. It's basically vouchers to buy You know tanks or whatever that employ people and important Congressional districts in their manufacture and things like that. I mean this is well known forever that the Pentagon Places basically various, you know military factories and all their various subcontractors and all that in Important congressional districts so that they have leverage over Congress like we can't cancel that program You'll lose 500 jobs in your district. I mean, this is why the They the What is it? They see ten Warthog, which is that really cool plane? It has like a giant auto cannon but it It's sort of been agreed now for years and years and years that it's not would not be really feasible in a Modern war it'd be shot down immediately like people have said we should give these to Ukraine and it just sort of like it Would not last five seconds just like this kind of ground attack plane, but it's still there because you know They've just kept a lock on That congressional district and everything and I think the current Representative of the district that they're based in was what was a pilot for them, too You know that'll probably be around for a while too even though I mean of no use Well on that issue of like spreading out military spending across congressional districts and stuff there's actually for those who are interested on how Congress schemes to keep spending going no matter what through that mechanism There's a good book on this called the American warfare state the domestic politics of military spending By Rebecca you Thorpe this came out. I don't know like nine ten years ago It looks like it's basically like an expansion on her PhD Dissertation or something like that But I would recommend it just to just to learn how that mechanism works if you're interested in like the domestic politics side of military spending and just How they keep it going right why no one ever seems to oppose it and no one ever wants to want an actual cut in military spending It's not just ideological. I mean it's like built into the whole congressional spending system so Just for if you're looking for a book to read you want, you know something something deep in the political science files There's a book for you Now one of the other big issues was the the Pentagon's opinions and plans and Assertation of what's going on in the Russo-Ukrainian war. So what's What's been their predictions there? It sounds like it's not nearly as triumphant Internally at the Pentagon as we hear in the media about how how glorious the Ukrainian victory will seem any attention to the news They've probably heard of the looming Ukrainian counter-offensive. This been talking about it for months and months and months Usually in the context of how we're sending them billions of dollars of more weapons so they'll be ready for this counter-offensive and There's all this speculation about what where it will be when it will be like one of the main goals is they want to sever the land bridge between Crimea and The the rest of the area in the Don Vest that Russia captured and then of course Russia itself and So this again is one of the documents I did not see but the Washington Post has its hands on it and it dates from early February and it basically says Yeah, we don't think this counter-offensive is going to accomplish much I It the Washington Post says the It's forced generation and sustainment shortfalls and that quote Basically, they the best they can hope for is will result in quote modest territorial gains And see as you said of course there's all this old Ukrainian military is being built up so much and it's going to you know With all this western aid that we've just been pumping into the country's going to launch this counter-offensive and I've been Even before these leaks. I was like one is this counter-offensive even ever going to happen like one would happen Or will if it does quote happen would just be like an online counter-offensive or that was a counter-offensive has started Nothing actually changes on the ground and It's worth noting the Ukrainian military did take back lots of territory last year but Part of the reason is because the Russian military I don't sort of I have no idea what they're doing they Invaded Ukraine when like the the general rule of thumb is you need a three-to-one ratio of attackers to defenders Well, they had below a one-to-one ratio when they invaded Ukraine And there's speculation that they basically had thought they'd bribed enough people like that's how like Kursan fell Rapidly is like the administration there apparently like was on the Russian side and stuff and in other cases They just paid people who just didn't Follow through it and various other things but still it seemed very crazy. So these sort of that northern sector around Kharkiv or Kharkov There is barely anyone there basically in contrast after that happened Russia began they instituted their call-up of reserves and all that and They've been fortifying. I can't remember for his Reuters or who was just talking about how Russia has been fortifying all over Basically the front lines and also the other thing is the whole front line is mined a heck by both sides So I've read some people speculating Ukraine would have to do mine clearing Before they could even launch their own counter offensive But anyway, so the the US the Pentagon is skeptical that there'll be some great success with this counter offensive and that big part of it is You know generating enough Trained people and enough equipment for the offensive to follow through and this I have seen Documents on so Let's see here the One of the leaked documents So here's a here's sort of the thing the the guy he's the Sam or what was his first name the Texi era whatever Jack Jack right He started by Transcribing all these documents and then he'd post them as text to this discord server And then he's like well, this takes forever and you guys aren't even reading it And so then he just started taking pictures on his phone Which is how I guess the New York Times Sort of got on to him because they found his countertop that was in the background of Some of the pictures anyway, so some of these documents are crinkled and hard to read But but anyway, this is one document that breaks down The western training of the brigades that are supposed to engage in the counter offensive There's supposed to be 12 brigades three of which are going to be trained and equipped by Ukraine The other nine are going to be trained and equipped by the West and it goes through each of the brigades and for each one it has Like a percentage of training complete and a percentage of equipment on hand, so this is from February 28th is is when this leak document was compiled and There are Three whole brigades that no four five five whole brigades are marked at zero percent trained So that's the end of February and they're all supposed to be trained. It has That there's supposed to be nine trained brigades by April 30th So the best case scenario they went from zero percent to a hundred percent trained in two months, which is seems unlikely but also lots of these brigades that none of them as Of February 28th had a hundred percent of their equipment on hand and they just did their Stuff from everywhere American stuff German French British just all this it's sort of as I said before scraping the bottom of the barrel to get this Counter-offensive force together, but here's what to me is really crazy is the US Pentagon doesn't think it's going to really accomplish much of anything So if they don't think it's going to accomplish much of anything and we're you know Throwing together everything we can you know get our hands on for this that's not going to accomplish it What is the point? What is the purpose of this whole?  I wonder if the counter-offensive will even happen And there are some other logistical things we can get into as well regarding artillery shells and anti-air defense, but it's just It might happen, I mean and who knows the future is radically uncertain It could be a resounding success because of Russian incompetence or something I don't think that's likely though. So it seems there's no plan here other than throwing money and Ukrainians who've been chain ganged or Shanghai'd off the street into the meat grinder with no end goal in sight Well, and of course, it's very much Already there's a online counter offensive if you want to count at that because right most days I go and I just look up Bakhmut, right? Because that's that seems to be where the focus of the war is at the moment is the the war Over the the city and region the ruins of Bakhmut basically at this point And so if you just look at the headlines every day, it's always stuff about oh Ukraine says it's regained a few neighborhoods in Bakhmut or Russia says it it's advanced it has almost surrounded Bakhmut You'll occasionally see videos and it's always just videos of Ukrainians killing Russians You never see of course videos of the reverse Because I guess we're just supposed to believe Ukraine is just going from success to success in the region And then they just throws out these numbers like a hundred thousand Russians killed in Bakhmut alone And I mean I have no idea right Where how just how far off that number is because as even the Pentagon admits in these leak documents is It's what their ascertaining how they ascertain the situation has nothing to do with what's reported in the media in terms of What's likely and what's going on in the region and they are if you look they're already talking about a Ukrainian counter offensive like Happening and I guess some piece of it is happening that the word is being used Ukrainian counter offensive regains parts of Bakhmut And all of that sort of stuff But looking at the reality of it there's so little change because I've been I've been checking in on Bakhmut for a month now and Nothing's going on except just more people being killed and more buildings being leveled in that sort of thing in this document From like the end of February the US military's analysis is like oh Bakhmut is like over Like the the Ukrainians are done for But here we are still two months later, so Yeah, I had thought that It would be over much sooner than now and some people I've read have speculated that they're just a Ukraine is continuing to feed people into Bakhmut basically to prevent They're basically just to hold like that everything there until they launch their counterfeits, but who knows I mean it could also be some sort of just Non-material more like a point of morale of like we can't lose Bakhmut. We've been fighting for it for so long I Don't know. Well, it seems that from the American perspective It's it's win-win in a certain way and that you just keep spending money keep using up arms that have to be replaced and As long as you're not throwing a bunch of Americans into the meat grinder most American voters aren't even going to notice or care I have much interested at all, but you can keep the the money flowing in a big big way and Then it all just works out for the the American warfare state perspective And so I don't see why they would change their policy at all now I mean it would take you I mean look at look at the US supported of Yemen, right? Nobody cared and So just just keep going now. You can already see that Americans just don't even care about the war Anymore yeah on Twitter. There's the people devoted to shouting down anyone who supports the war and there's polls Of course on there's plenty of Eastern Europeans online have strong opinions about it but they don't vote in the US and Ordinary people aren't paying any attention to those people Yes Yeah, just how much influence some of these groups do have managed to have in US think tanks and and tell people certain people to shut up for Opposing the war Too much, but of course you can't take any of these people seriously I mean Poland was one most enthusiastic supporters of the US invasion of Iraq as as was Ukraine and sent plenty of soldiers to go kill Iraqis but now suddenly have discovered their love of national sovereignty and territorial borders But so forgetting about this part of the world right there's stuff in these leaked documents too about Asia and the Pacific is there not some stuff to do with the the South Koreans Yes, yes, this is the five eyes and and all of that interesting so the US has Just a giant caches of military equipment around the world One place is in Israel another place is South Korea and the US has been pulling our American-owned equipment out of these places in order to send to Ukraine but South Korea is sort of like a military manufacturing powerhouse as you might expect given their sort of situation with North Korea and so they have tons and tons apparently of of a 155 millimeter artillery shells Which let me pull up the latest fact sheet here the US has sent Think it's one point. Ah, yes Over one point five million 155 million reader artillery rounds to Ukraine and we can talk about this later Ukraine basically has no artillery shells But so South Korea has this giant stockpile and so we've been trying to pressure the South Korean government to send these shells to Ukraine specifically 330,000 of them and The issue Well, it's my understanding that by law South Korea cannot provide lethal military aid and there's some sort of attempt to Lift that law But so how it works with the military sale, it's not like you just you know I go down and buy a car and then I can do whatever with the car I could sell the car to my neighbor military equipment. There's end end user Inspections and all this stuff I and you might recall way back Sometime last year everyone was like freaking out at Germany because all these countries wanted to send some artillery To Ukraine, but there was German artillery is like East German artillery really and Germany was not granting them Approval to do that and then they did and stuff so There's this it's going back to how we apparently have spies everywhere like the documents list basically everything the entire like breadth of the policy conversation in the South Korean Administration But like this guy says this and this person says this and someone was like we can't be on the phone with the President of the United States until we know what we're gonna do for this and so Basically, there's they were thinking maybe we can just Send this stuff to Poland and Poland can break the rules and we'll just wink wink nod nod and Poland will send the artillery shells to Ukraine and Actually, one of the documents has like this sheet of like like breakdowns of like if South Korea agrees Here's how we can get the shells like by when the shells can get to Ukraine and stuff And this I've not I've not seen anything else on this and it was not like an announcement. It was like a Like a leak of like oh, this is going to happen that South Korea was going to loan the United States half a million a 155 milliriner artillery rounds Not exactly I mean I guess how that would work is is that the US would just then have these on hand and could We could then give another half a million rounds to Ukraine Although going back to our earlier episode Oh Here it is At current production rates This is from that CSIS report We cannot rebuild the inventory because all of the production of artillery shells in the US are Used just for training purposes So it'll be years and years till we could repay that loan to South Korea if that were to actually happen There was also other stuff about China launching a hypersonic missile and stuff like that. I mostly Paid attention to Ukraine related stuff, but yeah, it's just we have Intelligence penetration everywhere. I mean People it's just their job to write up these reports of like what the spies have sent in I guess every day of all the Office gossip in the various White houses or their equivalents around the world. Well, and of course, it's always a funny reminder Americans act outraged whenever they find out some other countries spying on the US As if the United States respects the The the privacy and security of other states, right? And this was another leak that was pretty funny It was it's not in the documents I've seen but it's been reported on that Serbia has actually sent military equipment to Ukraine Which of course would be scandalous there because the Serbian population in general is very pro-Russian But the government is not I mean they're sort of Surrounded by NATO and all that so if true that's just sort of Hilarious and also we've just screwed them over because we probably had to twist some Thumbs Get them to do that and there's also outrage in South Korea over this of like are you spying on? The president and and all that sort of stuff Well, that was always that's always been a point that Lou Rockwell makes is that the government lies about everything But they lie extra about foreign policy You you can rely even less on what they say when it comes to what whatever they're they're telling you They're doing with other regimes or whatever the position is and this is true anywhere in the sense of what the Especially the Serbian regime is just a perfect example of this right what they say one minute to appease the local population could be absolutely the opposite of what they say behind closed doors to leaders of other states and And it's it's just how remember when we saw like Lindsey Graham Fist bumping with the the current vice president over some dumb law that they had joined forces on and so on Right is that when they're when they get together at their cocktail parties and diplomatic meetings It's their club and they're making promises to each other That may or may not have anything to do with what they're telling the public in public places and So it's it's just this is all just a reminder that you cannot believe anything That you get out of the regime in terms of what's going on in Ukraine in terms of what the Pentagon thinks is feasible I mean who knows you you might get a good sense of it ten years after the fact after the historians do their work Or maybe when there's a leak and things like that And so it's just always interesting to see these leaks now I haven't seen quite the same level of hysteria over jack texara that I've seen over say like Edward Snowden or Julian Assange That they're traders and need to be hanged and they're endangering Americans and all of that sort of thing I haven't seen a whole lot of claims here that these leaks endanger the lives of Americans I wonder if that's just progress being made or just that because the public just simply is totally uninterested now I don't I don't know But it is it is interesting to see I think some changes Over time in terms of how people react to these leaks Not that that would not that that helps you any when you're on trial for violating These federal laws about leaking classified documents, but It's most of the the public doesn't even know who these people are after a few years right like reality winner right and there wasn't you know Edward Snowden had like a dramatic escape to Russia and Julian Assange was stuck in the embassy for You know, I don't even know how a long time and he's still in prison and all this stuff whereas Jack One I think he's Somewhat a sympathetic figure. I mean in that He's like a kid basically, I mean it's it The I think it was the Washington Post or as the New York Times interviewed some other people from this discord server and Jack who was 21 was the oldest person on the server. Everyone else is basically teenagers. So He was leaking these classified documents To teenagers basically who were his friends and one of the teenagers that was interviewed by one of the newspapers Said, you know, I'd go to jail. I wouldn't rat on him to the government I'll talk to you though reporters, but he's like I'm gonna and then the reporter asked him why and he's like cuz he was my best friend and That made me feel very sad.  It's just the news cycle so rapid. It drives me nuts Well, and of course if you're 19 now you spent two years of your youth Locked up and unable to go to school and meet people in person depending on which state you lived in so Thanks, and that's right. This discord started during coven. Yeah, so an unintended consequence of Fauci Lockdowns and all that we talked so much about unintended consequences trade-off. Well, you know Kids might get lonely and start leaking classified documents America's alienated youth They're now leaking documents to impress their what few friends they have Yes, and yeah, who wants to see this guy locked up for the next 20 years As you know, right? You don't even have to prove intent though with a lot of this federal law related to this stuff In a sane world You have to prove that he would want to do harm to the US regime and that sort of stuff But they don't really have to prove that on trial to to send this guy away for years and years but that's probably going to be the sad outcome, but If surely that someone's out there printing free jack texara buttons and you should you should buy one Support his legal defense fund if you have the means but on that sad note about the youth alienation We should probably end this episode of war economy and state Thank you for listening and we'll be back about next month or so with a new episode and we'll see you next time