OK, so good morning to everybody. Welcome to the second week of school conference. So the first announcement is that there is a big change of schedule between today and tomorrow because of some flight delay. So this afternoon, the first talk of the afternoon will be of Juan Luis Fasquez at 2. Then there will be another talk of Enrico at 3.30. And then the talk of Cabre, which was supposed to be today, is going to be tomorrow at 11. OK, so this is the change of schedule. So we can start this morning with Enrico. Well, you know she has a pleasure to have here. And we'll talk about an allocation under different perspectives. So I don't have a precise draft for my lecture, so somehow the lectures are open to your questions and comments. And I'm not sure what is the level of all of you. So if I'm going too fast or if I'm going too slow, just please stop me and we will discuss what's going on and adjust the level to your preferences and interests. So as a general comment, since we are in an Institute of Physics, I would say that, roughly speaking, there are two kinds of physicists. The one who thinks that differential equations are a good model for the world. And the ones who think that they are not enough to describe the complexity of the universe. So in a sense, a differential equation is something that is based on an idea that we have a quantity that has some interest for us, say u, which is a function of space, x, and time t. And we want to describe its evolution. And the differential equation has the answers that the evolution of u is due to the fact that there is some unbalance, some difference of u at some point here and there. And this infinitesimal discrepancy produces a flow that changes the quantity u in time. Now, the fact is that if you want to think that the world is more complex than this, then there are actually many influences on the quantity u that comes from far apart. Another possibility is to look to what the other half of physicists call the master equation, which is an object that involves an operator, which tries to take into account the function u with a suitable average with respect to space and time. So the natural object to look in this framework is some integral, say, in rn times r, thinking that x is in rn and t is in r, of u of xd minus u of x minus y t minus tau. And there is a measure which takes into account space and time. Well, of course, if you write things like this, this is a very general object. And in a sense, it's even too general to talk about it. So one tries to make some answers, in particular cases, that makes this object more amenable. So in a sense, if this is so generally it's not even a master operator, it's a monster operator. So one possibility is first to say that the space and time variables are somehow independent or uncorrelated. And so actually, the major mu is just the product measure of the measures in space and time, so something like this. And kernel has a product structure like a kernel in the space variable. And actually, I forgot to say that the kernel takes also into account, may also take into account x and t. And so the kernel, the kernel in which space and time are the couple. So there is a space kernel that takes into account x and y and the time kernel, which takes into account t and tau. So I'm using bs for space variable and bt for time variable, though the difference is somehow psychological because here the role of x and t is not really precisely defined. OK. So still, this is a very kind of general object, so there are some particular cases that I think are of interest. So the first case, the first important example is when one is looking, say, only at space variable. So I am forgetting the time kernel for the moment. And one takes into account the spatial kernel given by up to constants 1 over y to the n plus 2s. And s is a parameter. From now on, for me, it will be a parameter from 0 to 1. Now, if I put this kernel into that object and I only consider space variables, this becomes the integral of u of x minus u of x minus y over y to the n plus 2s in dy. So I can also write it as the integral of u of x minus u of, say, z divided by x minus z to the n plus 2s d z. And this is often called the fractional application of u. And in a sense, this is a very natural operator. And let me remark that this kernel is singular. So to rigorously say what this object is, since there is a singularity at 0, this integral has to be taken in the principal value sense, in the sense that by definition it's just the limit at epsilon goes to 0 of the integral outside the ball of the integral. And so we may think that this is a weird object to look at. But if we have time in this lecture, we will consider the analogies and differences with an operator that you already know, which is the classical Laplacian, for instance. A second example for master operators that we can take into account is the case, this slightly different case is when the spatial kernel, so this is somehow what I will call the fractional Laplacian, there is a second case in which I will consider a spatial kernel very similar to that, but in which I also have a domain omega. And in this case, the operator becomes this. Or if you want to write it in the z variable, u of x minus u of z divided by x minus z to the n plus 2s. And now x minus y, that is z, has to stay in omega, so the integral is just restricted to omega in the z. With the same convention, the integral has to be taken in the principal value sense. This operator will call it the regional or censored fractional Laplacian. And we will see that it has many features in common with the fractional Laplacian to Q. For instance, when omega is equal to a n, it reduces to the fractional Laplacian. But it's a structurally very different object, and we will point out several differences between the two later on. OK, so what else? One can say, are there interesting cases, for instance, of time variables in the kernel? Let me mention one, time variables, which is the case in which has the form a characteristic function of tau divided by tau to the 1 plus s. This time variable leads to what it's called the caputo derivative. And as you can imagine, it's a sort of derivative in the sense that dimensionally it's a fractional derivative of order s. But from the physical point of view, it is something that takes into account also the past, weight in the past, say from minus infinity to t, with the memory that decays in time. So somehow, the events that are very far in the past are weighted more, and they count less. And the ones that are more recent are more important to reconstruct this operator. Of course, in the classical theory of differential equations, especially elliptic differential equations, there is an important structural differences. Probably the most important difference in partial differential equations is whether or not the equation has a variational structure so that it comes from an energy function. And this difference is usually referred to the classification of operators in divergence or non-divergence form. So the divergence form is the case in which the operator is variational. It comes from an energy. And typically, the equation can be written as the sum of i and j, d i, a ij, d j. Or there is a case in which the operator does not come from an energy, and so in non-divergence form. And in this case, typically, the operator can be written in the form a ij, d ij. Of course, there are operators that are both in divergence and non-divergence form. If a is the matrix 1, for instance, the identity matrix, and then you get the Laplacian. But typically, these two structures are very different. And you can cook up cases in which A is a positive and bounded matrices, and the theory of the two is structurally very different. And somehow, I would like to propose you a little exercise, which is to recover this different structure directly as a limit of the master equation. So I write down the exercise. It's not completely trivial, at least it was not completely trivial for me. So if you have troubles in doing it, please pass by and we can discuss it. Little exercise is the following. So how to recover divergence and non-divergence structure as limit when s goes to 1 of the master operator? Well, the idea is that this difference of structure of the Aij is a difference of structure of the spatial kernel in the master operator with respect to the action of affine transformation of the space variable itself. Said like this sounds a bit complicated, but let me write what I mean. So the first case, one take the spatial kernel in x and y to be 1 minus s divided by some matrix m of x minus y, times y to the m plus 2s. So for me, m is a nice positive matrix. So say positive, strictly positive matrix. In some cases, you can relax these assumptions, but just for simplicity. Well, so if you do this in the limit, as s goes to 1, the master operator converges to the divergence form, the divergence for operator. For some Aij, we just adjust the average on the sphere of a kernel dictated by this matrix m. OK, so this is somehow the first exercise, the second exercise is the counter part. Ah, sorry, this exercise is not complete because I didn't put the structural assumption. So the structural assumption is that in this case, m of x minus yy has to be equal to m of x minus y. So second case is when the kernel is instead 1 minus s divided by xy, y to the m plus 2s, with the structural assumption that m is even with respect to y. So m of xy is equal to m of x minus y. Now in this case, the limit as s goes to 1 of the master operator is the operator in divergence form. And so, well, it depends how picky you are and how general you want to do the exercise. So I'm very modest, so I did the exercise taking m to be as smooth as you want, and the function you as smooth as you want. And just in the very smooth case, prove the convergence. I think that this is sort of enough in the sense that then you can, once you understand what's going on in the smooth case, if you are really strong, you can try to set the same convergence type of program in the distributional sense, or in the viscosity sense, according to the structure and your tastes. But for me, I mean, for me it was not even obvious that there was a natural way to reconstruct these local objects coming from the master operator and somehow to relate this property of putting the derivative inside the equation or not to a property that was coming from an affine transformation of the spatial variable of the kernel. So philosophically, it's not so clear that they are the same, right? Again, the assumptions look artificial but are actually quite natural, because if you write your variables x minus y, in this case as the new variable z, this condition here is telling you that you can exchange x and z. So somehow, the affine transformation and the kernel are charging as much to x as to the variable z, which is equal to x minus y. And this is why somehow it's coming from an energy function. On the other hand, this condition is natural if you think about it, because you want to be able to simplify linear terms in the numerator of the master equation. So somehow, this allows you to change y with minus y and don't change the structure of the kernel. So these are kind of natural assumptions if you look at the master equation in the large. And they are the right ones to recover the local operators. So if you want to think about it, we can discuss the proof of this if you have any troubles. OK. So this set, my proposal is to try to put our hands a little bit into, first of all, this operator called fractional Laplacian and to understand why it is similar, but also why it is different from the case of the classical Laplacian. So I think I have listed eight fundamental differences with respect to the classical Laplacian. So the classical Laplacian Laplacian operator is the sum of the second derivative. The fractional Laplacian is just, or sometimes, in this form. Of course, the two things are the same up to a factor 2 that I will forget. So in principle, I will always write formulas neglecting possible constants. So if you write the first expression, you change y with minus y, and you sum the two, then you get the expression on the bottom up to a factor 2. So if you look at this object, there is, of course, a natural similarity with the Laplacian, because also the Laplacian can be seen, in a sense, as a limit of averages. So one can say that the Laplace of view is just the limit as r goes to 0. Again, up to constants that I forget. 1 to the r to the n plus 2, the integral of Brx. So when you write things like this, you see the first immediate similarity between the Laplacian and the fractional Laplacian, in the sense that both try to compare the value of the function u with the average value of the neighborhood. And somehow, the fact that the fractional Laplacian or the Laplacian vanish, or are equal to a nice function, force the value of the function to revert or to be close to the values of the neighborhood. And this somehow suggests that this operator should possess some kind of nice regularity theory, because the function cannot oscillate too much. If the function at the point x wants to go too far from the values in the surrounding area, then the operator is pushing it down. And vice versa, if it goes too much to the bottom. Nevertheless, there are at least eight very important structural differences between the two operators. So let me try to go over these differences with you. So the first difference is obvious, which is locality versus non-locality. Large? OK, sorry. So everybody missed what I wrote till now. Sorry. OK, this is maybe an obvious difference in the sense that the Laplace operator is local, in the sense that it depends only, if I want to compute the Laplace operator at this point, it only depends on the values of the function nearby. While to calculate the fractional Laplacian, I really need to know the values of the function everywhere. And so for instance, suppose that you are in R2, and you have a function which is compactly supported here. Well, when you compute the Laplacian at the origin is 0, but when you compute the fractional Laplacian, you see the values of you near here. And so the fractional Laplacian or the function like this at the origin is not 0. OK, a second structural difference, which is related to that, is that points far away fill the influence of the other points. So influence at infinity. Well, if you have U which is smooth and compactly supported, or more generally in the Schwarz class of rapidly decay function, then of course, at infinity, the Laplacian of U is 0. Say if U is infinity, or it's extremely small, it's more than polynomial is small if U is in the Schwarz class, while the fractional Laplacian of U at infinity only behaves like 1 over x to the n plus 2s, say for large x. So somehow the fractional Laplacian has a long tail, and there is nothing you can do. You have to keep this long tail at infinity like a memory of what happens near the origin. And you can easily compute these for a fixed, nice function compactly supported. You can try to do the computation also in the Schwarz class, which is just slightly more complicated. And you can check that this decay is actually optimal. Just put in a bump close to the origin and see what happens far away. Again, if you have troubles in these computations, just pass by and we'll discuss or we'll do it in the lecture. OK, third structural difference. OK, this is very deep, I think. So harmonic functions are functions whose Laplacian is equal to 0. S harmonic functions are functions whose S Laplacian is equal to 0. And in principle, we may expect that, OK, it's difficult to imagine in higher dimension how a harmonic function looks like. But one can expect that more or less harmonic and S harmonic functions look the same. But this is actually absolutely not true. And there is a kind of amazing fact in the sense that while the local geometry of harmonic functions is very rigid, is basically all prescribed, the local geometry of S harmonic functions is completely free. So for instance, in 1D, if I write a function like this, for instance, the parabola, this function is not harmonic. Of course, you can take two derivatives and say it's not equal to 0. Or you can say it as an interior minimum, and so it cannot be equal to 0 for maximum principle. Say it's not harmonic in minus 1, 1, for instance. Nevertheless, what happens in the non-local case is that maybe this function is not S harmonic in minus 1, 1, but is completely undistinguishable from an S harmonic function. In the sense that for any epsilon arbitrarily small, there exists a function U epsilon such that it is S harmonic in minus 1, 1.  So somehow your original function, for instance, x squared, but any given function would be the same. So maybe your original function is not harmonic. Nevertheless, you can consider a small livelihood epsilon of your function and find nearby a function U epsilon, which is S harmonic. And the reason for this unexpected S harmonicity really comes from the non-local contributions outside minus 1, 1. So somehow your U epsilon is completed in some crazy way. Then you can also make it compactly supported, if you like. Completed in some crazy way so that this oscillation outside compensates the points in minus 1, 1. So to make the total integral defined in the fraction Laplacian equal to 0. So in the next lecture, if possible, we will try to make the proof of this fact. The proof will be actually rather simple in a sense. And let me say this is a result obtained with Serena de Piero, the video serving. I think it's a nice result. And as you will see from the proof, the proof is not really constructive. So the picture I make is not a real picture in a sense. I don't really know how the function has to be to compensate the oscillations. Nevertheless, if we speak about pictures on the blackboard, any picture on the blackboard is correct because I can apply the same theorem at a larger scale. So I drew this picture just arbitrarily. But this picture is somehow correct in the sense that if the orange function I drew is not as harmonic, then I can apply the same result in a larger ball and say, OK, this function maybe is not as harmonic. But up to epsilon, I can modify it and extend it to an S-harmonic function. So the picture I drew on the blackboard is correct up to redrew a new picture on a higher scale and so on. So basically, any picture that you know in a finite domain is the picture of an S-harmonic function up to a very negligible error if you complete the picture outside in the appropriate way. Well, this is a nice or horrible fact.  So it depends on your feeling about the world. You can be happy to have such a rich environment to work in. Or you can be somehow disgusted because, of course, proving classification, regularity, and rigidity results with this object to fight with may be somehow unpleasant. And this leads to the fourth structural difference. Most structural differences are in inequality. But inequality says that suppose that the Laplace of U is equal to 0 in, say, B2 and U is positive, the inf and the sup of U are comparable in the sense that you can take, well, the sup is bigger than the inf. But up to a constant is also smaller. And this, for classical harmonic functions, is a simple thing in the sense that, for instance, you can say that U at the point equals to the average of U in the ball. And then, since U is positive, deduce that the oscillation has to be controlled in this way. For fractional objects, things are more complicated. And you have a counter example here on the blackboard. So if you start with x squared and you take epsilon small enough, your function U epsilon will have an interior minimum. And so you can translate vertically the function to have a minimum exactly at level 0. So somehow the same statement for fractional harmonic function is false. The statement we will see becomes correct if instead of asking U to be bigger or equal than 0 locally, you require U to be bigger or equal than 0 globally. So again, you need the global constraint on the function to recover a local information. OK, fifth difference. This is also something that when I noticed the first time, it was very shocking for me. I don't know who noted it. When I discovered it, I was shocked. Now, historically, I don't know. I think that the first, I don't know. Maybe there are these papers by Blumenthal and Ghetto in which they computed explicit solutions of harmonic functions, so in particular, they had to discover this. I'm not sure they were the first. There might be other reasons for this. So I will tell you what is bothering me. And I will make explicit examples of this situation. I'm not sure that it was not possible to deduce this information just by general facts. I don't know in harmonic analysis. But I will try to give an explicit computation for what I have in mind. So fifth difference is growth from the boundary. OK, so suppose that you want to solve Laplace of U equal to F in B1, and say U equal to 0 along the boundary. Then what happens is that U grows linearly from the boundary. So X in B1 is less than, up to a constant, 1 minus X and superf. OK, which seems somehow quite natural. You have your function U. You have to hit your boundary. And then you have to grow from the boundary because F forces it. How it forces? Well, the value of U only depends on the distance from the boundary. So it's sort of a linear growth from the boundary. Now it's kind of annoying, but this is not true. This is not true in the non-local case. For instance, the function U s, which is 1 minus X square positive part to the s, is S harmonic. And you see that the growth from the boundary is not linear anymore. Near the boundary grows like the distance to the power s. So if we have time, we will make a proof, at least in one dimension and at least when s is equal to 1 half of this factor, because it's very simple and nice proof. The general case is more difficult, but at least one dimension and s equal to 1 half is nice and simple, and we can do it by picture. But just to say that it's kind of striking that the growth from the boundary is not linear anymore, but it's like a held growth of exponent s. Different six is somehow related to this, which is the boundary regularity. The boundary regularity says, again, if you have a solution of Laplace equations in nice domains like both, then U is smooth up to the boundary.  Is s-harmonic, sorry, in b1? What's wrong with the function? No, sorry, not s-harmonic. I wanted to say equal to 1. So it solves this equation with f equal to 1. If you want s-harmonic example, we can take x plus to the power s. And this is s-harmonic x n bigger than 0. So yes, I put this example because it was related with this with f equal to 1. If instead you want an example in which f is equal to 0, well, the same unpleasant growth from the boundary holds true, and the example is just the blow-up somehow of the previous example. One of the previous examples. OK, and these examples also show that the uniform gradient estimate is not true in the non-local case, in the sense that all these examples US and BS show that the gradient of the solution blows up near the boundary because the gradient is like the distance to the power s minus 1. So the growth from the boundary is like x to the s, the distance to the s, and the derivative is the distance to the s minus 1, and so on. This is in fact a general fact that there are several papers, especially by Xavier Rossoton and Joachim Serra, who discussed the regularity from the boundary and show that somehow these examples are the paradigmatic ones. Somehow they model all the possible growth from the boundary and all the possible regularity of the gradient and of higher derivatives near the boundary. So again, there is nothing we can do with that. And it's an important difference with respect to the classical case. Seven, different seven, the case of explosive solutions. So again, in the classical case of the Laplacian, if you have a function, a nice solution of the Laplace equation in a ball, the values at the origin have to be compared from the bottom and the top from the values at the boundary. So you cannot have a harmonic function which explodes at the boundary of the ball. In the fractional case, you do can. And there are several examples of explosive solutions constructed by Nicola Batangelo, Patricio Fielmer, and others. And just to make an example, since the time is a little bit short, I will try to show you one of these lectures that, let me call it u minus 1 half over x, which is 1 minus x squared to the minus 1 half if x is less than 1 and 0. This function is a harmonic. So again, this is a very striking example, because you want to make a picture. Basically, what happens is that the function has value 1 in 0. Then it grows and it diverges near the boundary. And then it's 0 here. So this is very striking. Again, if we have time, we will make a proof of this fact again in a very easy way by pictures. But just to convince you that this is not completely unreasonable, one can say, how comes then the fractional Laplacian at this point can vanish? Nearby, you have a very convex thing. So the fractional Laplacian should have a negative sign. OK, fine. Here the values of the functions are above the values at 0. But you also have a long tailed contribution of the points coming from infinity for which the function is below, because the value here is 1, the value here is 0, the value here is 0, and so on. Somehow, by miracle, these contributions exactly compensate in the integral. And so you get that the fractional Laplacian is 0. Probably my time is over. Sorry, yes. This is 1 half. But the example is general. You can put a different S and get a different S there. Just I focused on the simple example, because time was getting shorter, but thank you. This is 1 half. So since my time is over and we have the coffee waiting for us, I will do the eighth difference in the next lecture. And we will keep talking about these examples and maybe proving that all functions are S-harmonic. I'm not really sure I can do it in one hour in case we'll keep doing this in the subsequent lectures. So if I was going too fast or too slow, please stop me and tell me. And if you have questions on the things I'm discussed, I'm here and happy to chat.


JayRoot22.com here with the cheap wine reviews I think it's episode 19 it's like 40 degrees where I'm filming so I'm gonna put this oversized down jacket on like Mr. Effin Rogers. Okay so today's gonna be sort of a like a bittersweet kind of day for this video this is the season finale we're going on a hiatus here for the cheap wine reviews vlog 19 episodes in let me give you a little explanation why first before we taste this last bottle of El Chippo wine and by the way it's an Italian wine we got it Wegmans for six bucks it's probably gonna taste like crap I'm not a big fan of Italian wine but anyway without losing track here I've been drinking red wine prolifically for the past god knows I don't know five to seven to eight years maybe my guess is the equivalent of maybe between three and 400 bottles this size in at least a year and it was great it's a good buzz it's my favorite buzz it's it's always been my my preferred alcohol you know over beer beer gives you a happy buzz but then you get bloated and you're gassy and some people can't burp like me and it's just problems and it's too much sugar and your blood whatever and then booze you know like like a vodka or a tequila or something like that they're very good for your health quote-unquote but it's not a happy buzz it's it really isn't so wine was that was perfect but however in the last six to twelve months or so I've noticed liver pain like it's uncomfortable and I'm not sure exactly why whether it's just I'm drinking too much or is it some sort of pesticides in the cheap wines that we drink or is it sulfites I don't know some something made my something in my internal organs unhappy and before I'm like carted off and put on the ground six feet under I just said let me try something else so I've been experimenting with these these cheap these these seltzers I did a review about seltzers I think I did a review about these truly wines to these truly seltzers which we don't really like I said that it kind of made you feel like it was soul-sucking but I would drink them you know what like I wouldn't really water them down and these truly I'm not a big fan of them they're very popular I think they're the most popular ones they're not they're not very good I only bought it because I sort of had to to get this case discount but anyway for the last five weeks I've only drank wine four times and each time I drank even one and a half to two so I think I had three bottles once I was I had a crazy night but the four times in the last five weeks I drank red wine I didn't feel good the next day it wasn't a hangover the hangover part was was was okay most at a time maybe once I had a hangover where I couldn't manage it too well but there was something going on like my liver was talking to me you got to listen to your body and I decided to switch to the smirnoff spiked sparkling seltzers because number one I water them down this is a mason jar this is something else that you're gonna find out about these sparkling seltzers that is fantastic with red wine you don't really want to other than watering it down you don't want to like adulterate the wine like add anything to it maybe a sparkling like a seltzer like a plain sparkling water like a pariet or something give it that spritzer effect but with the sparkling seltzers these malted beverages I stick I pour a capsule of ginger inside I put lemon juice in and I make it like it's actually medicinal at that point the ginger is great it's great for overall health but one of the benefits of drinking these seltzers like I don't drink them out of the can and most people drink them out of a can like a beer which is fine you can't water a beer then it'll taste raw but these spiked sparkling seltzers or whatever you want to call them spiked and sparkling they all have a different name but they're all spiked spiked is in the title of every one you can like like like become a like a like a mixologist and add things to it like I did with it with the ginger and the lemon and sometimes I put hyaluronic acid in it helps your joints I mean you could make little medicinal drinks and by watering it down these are 12 ounce cans it's a 32 ounce mason jar you throttle your alcohol consumption way better than wine is wine you can only dilute it so much I've mentioned in previous videos where there were some wines I think one of the most recent wines I drank I could water it down almost three to one and it maintained its its deep dark red color and had really good taste and so on even though it was a lower alcohol percentage it was 13. something percent it held up well being diluted now there's something like this I was gonna end the wine series or wine season because I may start drinking wine again maybe in the summer of 2019 but this saddle bread sellers if you look to search for saddle bread sellers on either YouTube or our website njrude22.com and you'll see that this was absolutely my favorite straight-up wine to drink like with no dilution just in a in a glass and I was going to open this up tonight to sign off this the cheap wine series but I'm gonna save it I'm gonna save it for if I go out to eat somewhere if I just want to have a nice dinner with just a glass or two of wine this is my favorite 12% straight-up drinking wine it really had the best flavor for us you know that's everybody's different so with that being said even though I'm probably like four cans of spiked seltzer in I'm gonna do it like a cardinal sine I'm gonna mix my seltzer beverage now I'm gonna finish this let's just say the final review in this series is gonna be the bartoneura it's an Italian red wine out of Italy of course and it says it's a medium intensity red color violet shades fruity berry notes lingering bouquet that's why my significant other said she doesn't like Italian wines because of the flowery effects I might not like it either but I'm gonna open this bad boy up and have a sip a regular sip in the glass and then I'm gonna pull if I don't completely hate I'm gonna make a final drink here and I'll just give the rest of this bottle away to someone wants it in my house I mean I'm not this isn't a giveaway it's not an online giveaway so I'm gonna open up this crappy Italian $6 bottle of wine from Whiteman's I mean they apparently curate their wines but I bet you it's a there's a financial decision involved in it to profit for the company I mean they wouldn't sell these things for six bucks unless they got them for like a dollar and my guess is I've seen some of the profit margins some of these wine guys it smells like wine smells like a wine barrel doesn't look all that great that has a brown tinge to it but I'm gonna taste it in this thing just the way they still stupid people like everybody copies everybody else I mean why can't I just drink it out of the bottle why does it have to be in a glass no it opens up in this and I I watched a movie by the way I'm gonna do a review about this movie it was called blood into wine or something like that it was a documentary it was sort of a funny documentary with the lead singer of tool that like metal that alternative progressive metal kind of banned who I really like and I haven't followed him in long time but this guy that he started his own winery he kind of added a new perspective to the wine and and the way they treated the wine review was like that suckling guy they kind of mocked him and he's like we like it just because you're used to a cab in in California or Europe or wherever doesn't mean just because you have something new it's bad in the same way with us we decided to take our wines could we we said the wines to us we didn't care about the subtle differences it was like a 1% importance when you think about it it was how we felt the next day based on like a decent amount of drinking and we tried to be consistent with the drinking two bottles was for us and then towards like after I did a dozen episodes of this I started thinking man maybe I should be a one and a half bottle guy and like two bottles was nice and even so I'm gonna taste this bar tenora let's see it smells like wine that's a little bit of a vinegary very light no texture probably a good wine for dilution summer drink you know we used to make fun of a friend of mine because he would drink this El Chippo Chianti as Jim Carrey would say in Dumb and Dumber he would drink it and it was the cheapest double bottle of wine ever but maybe he was on something because he got the same damn buzz and passed out the exact same way but anyway you should watch that blood I think it was called blood into wine is the documentary it's hard to find you could find it for free on YouTube it has subtitles I think Spanish or some other country and it has really low resolution I think 240p resolution so it's not not very nice to look at but it's a very good documentary you appreciation for certain winemakers not not the snooty people who hop knob around and really can think they know the difference between wine but it did actually shed some light on on how wine is made and and how they they come up with blends and they'll taste like a like if it's a it's a single grape wine they'll say well it's missing this thing to make it like a better tasting wine to them so they'll take like you know that makes 70% cab and then they'll find a wine that's strong in another area like let's say one wine one grape has a like a good forward taste but it's missing as they say the the finish and but they found a wine grape that has like sort of a weak opening taste but it finishes extremely strong so they'll experiment they'll say okay 70% cab and and 30% will take this this sara grape wow that really does balance right I guess there's some what do you call it merit to how some people like wine and the winemaker is the ultimate decision this is why I think the lead singer of tool and his partner were or they did their way they made a one that they liked and whether their customers and they only made a couple thousand cases whether their customers like it or not he's up to the customers but I guess when you make something you have to be happy with it yourself not just well you don't have to be happy you just want what I'm trying to say is that I guess it makes the way maker of something feel good about their product if they like it may not be good for business per se if you make something let's say you like shit and you like nasty things and 90% of the people don't like it but you if you want to make those 10% of the people who have the similar taste zone as you do happy then then great I guess most people try to make make an accessible wine that everybody can can like I don't know I mean it's like common denominator stuff I know maybe this bartoneur wine is very clean it's a 13 and a half percent I have to add which is impressive for a Italian wine they're normally in a 12 12% range and for 6 bucks you really can't go wrong you know speaking of economics here these these cases of the 12 packs of the sparkling salt seltzers they normally run I pay 15 bucks a case which I did the math I calculated alcohol percentage it's about you know give or take half a can every six cans of the smirnoff for instance equals about the same amount of alcohol as a bottle of wine so a case or 12 pack of these equals a double bottle of wine and I've been really good I can drink between four sometimes I go four cans and I'm tired and I want to go to sleep I fall asleep great it's like a little bit of a sedative obviously and you know because if you were a regular drinker and you go a night in the city drink ten nights in a row and then that 11th night you don't feel like drinking it's hard to fall asleep it truly is I think your body becomes dependent on on the sedative nature of the alcohol and that probably means you have a problem I try to treat my life like a dog I mean I'm gonna go to sleep when I'm or baby I'm gonna I'm gonna fall asleep and I'm tired I'm like and I'm gonna wake up without an alarm clock when I wake up that's how I've lived my life probably for the last 15 years or so rarely do I use an alarm clock unless there's one of those rare moments where I have an early meeting I have to go to jury duty or something stupid like that which I hate I hate having to get up early so that's it so here's what we're gonna do I should have mentioned this in the beginning but I'm not gonna stop doing videos on Monday these are my Monday movie pictures or Monday I don't know I'm gonna call it yet but each Monday instead of having a cheap wine reviews there's gonna be I'm probably gonna come up with three two or three or four different categories to film there's either helpful things that we're gonna try and and share with people that I might make 30 second clips and maybe two minute clips that nothing's gonna go rambling on 20 30 minutes like I've been doing with these wine cheap wine reviews it's gonna be a whole lot less off-the-cuff speaking and a little bit more like specific I'm gonna do helpful things that that might might benefit you and none of this is influenced by any other youtubers or any other people out there maybe maybe not but most likely not and I think I'm gonna talk about some things that really bother us about the world in terms of the shoddiness of products and and things out there that just have gone down hill noticeably in the last two five ten fifteen twenty years we're gonna talk about how things have gotten cheaper more disposable and show the hypocrisy perhaps like for instance like how they make our plastic bags are thinner but now you can't even put like a walnut in a plastic bag and you need to double bag it so like a lot of it is so silly and no one really talks about it how like they do things to like appease like the environmentalists yet they don't ever the environmentalists never come back and say why why it's so cheap and now we need two bags they're probably gonna start complaining about that next on two bags is too much but so I'm gonna I got helpful things that little tips I might do product reviews I'm gonna do things that we've no I have to come up with names for these channels cheap stuff or shoddy things and I know a lot of people don't like hearing about negative but if I can figure out a way to turn it into a positive like you need to understand we need to call out the things that have gone downhill over the years because it then customer like us we're the ones that are suffering as a result and no one seems to be complaining because I guess they're teaching people complaining is bad these days no complaining is good speaking your mind is good so I think that's it this bartendura bartendura bartendura product of Italy it's not a bad it's not a bad wine like I said I've only drank wine four times in the last five weeks and each time was pretty much I felt bad so this is it I'm not I'm not drinking anymore this I mean it's nice to have the wine taste in my mouth again there's something inherently satisfying about my wine concoctions here and I'm gonna make sure that the audio is is it on yeah it's on good you don't know how many videos I lost because I just I just wasn't paying attention this mic this boom mic I have on my 10-year-old DSLR DSLR is there you can't see the green light if it's on or not it should be on in the front but whatever it's made in China it's a knock off and it was like 15 bucks so I'll take what I can get so that's it this is the final cheap wine reviews vlog for this season I might come back if I can find clean wines maybe I'll just talk about clean wines that don't hurt my liver they have sulfite free wines I've tried a few of them they're not good they're not enjoyable to me at least and maybe I'll just have to just go to I'll be a one-bottle guy once I get get off the liver pain wagon I'll just I'll do my seltzers for the foreseeable future because I think there's something very that like beneficial about the way we drink them like I said if I drank these like a beer if I drank these smirnoff things like a beer I would suck them down like ridiculously fast and I could easily polish a 12 pack without even trying because 12 ounces one sip two sip you have two three ounces left and like you pop it no drinking in a quart size is what helps curtail the consumption of alcohol and I think it's also still enjoyable you get like a really slow buzz it's it's not even the same kind of buzz as a one I go stupefied sometimes trippy not trippy I literally trip I destroyed our dog fence today it was a complete accident I had to go buy a new one anyway bad nothing to do with drinking by the way it was just a bad like went this Thursday whenever I'm filming this it was just a weird day for a lot of people I talked to as well but that's it so cheap wine reviews signing off for this season we're taking a hiatus as they say while the actors film go film major motion pictures somewhere that's what they used to say when when a when a TV series went on hiatus because they were doing other things whatever I'll save this for a nice dinner I might have another glass this is actually pretty good I don't know if like drinking seltzer mixing with this has anything to do it but it's it's a good it's not as floral and bouquet as as they make it seem back down when I have another glass that before I open up another shelter so maybe even finish the bottle and I'll feel like crap tomorrow so there you go new videos coming every Monday for the foreseeable future I'm gonna join and condensate it to two to three to four categories so it's not gonna be like a new video next week it's gonna be we're gonna have a new video but we're not sure what category is I may do 10 weeks in a row of cheap stuff for a week of product recommendations a week like I'll just go back and forth so that's it thanks for watching for the three people that watched I ramble a lot I don't edit this is one take that's how it works here and I hope you can follow me maybe my personality is charming enough for some people to understand the power of just free thought and non-scripted life you know what I mean enjoy the rest of your week


I'm not exaggerating. I really am not when I say that this is now an epidemic. It's an epidemic, not only in the greater society now, but it's an epidemic amongst our Muslim communities as well. And that is the addiction to pornography. It's like a wildfire that's going through our communities. And just because you may not know about it or you may not have heard about it, doesn't mean it's not happening. It is happening. And every talk that I go to, it breaks my heart. Afterwards I have grandparents, I have parents coming to me crying, telling me stories about their children or their siblings or their spouses or addicted to pornography. And so I gave this talk yesterday and I had a parent ask me, oh, well, my sixth grade daughter is going to be there at your talk. Is it appropriate for her? Should she be there listening to this talk? And I said, is she ever on the internet? Because if she's ever on the internet, then yes, she needs to be there at this talk. So we need to give our kids the tools to survive the world that's around them now. Ignoring it or pretending it's not out there isn't going to help us. So the first thing I want to tell you about the internet is that you have to treat the internet in your home like it's a loaded weapon. Literally, that's the best analogy I can give you. You have to treat the internet like it's a loaded weapon. And how do we treat a loaded weapon or a loaded gun? We don't ever leave children alone with it. We keep it under lock and key. We know where it is at all times. We don't just give it to anybody to handle. So you have to treat, you have to be hyper aware of the internet. The other thing you have to do the second tip about pornography is that you have to talk to your kids about it. You have to say that it exists and what it is. And the way we defined it for our kids is we just said it's movies that are out there of naked people doing weird things. That's it. We don't go into much more detail than that. But we say that it's movies about naked people doing weird things and it's an industry and they like to trap children into watching it and becoming addicted to it. And you know my son, my youngest son Rahim, if we talked to him about it when he was nine years old and we would discuss it at the dinner table and give him the tools for how to deal with it, it's not a matter of if they ever come across pornography. It's a matter of when. It's just a matter of time before something is going to pop up on their screen or they're going to click on something by accident. And like I said, after every talk I learned something new.   And she said that the pictures were really obscene and the private parts were just kind of blurred, but you could still see what it was. And that was on Amazon. And Sheikh Rami and Surah, who is my son's Quran teacher up north, he warned the kids that there have been incidents where there are videos that say surah mulk on YouTube and kids will click on it or people will click on it to listen to surah mulk or watch surah mulk and it'll actually be pornography. Once it's discovered and it's reported YouTube takes it down.  So you have to talk to your kids about what to do if they ever come across it. And the third thing I want to tell people about pornography is that there is no utopia. There is no perfect community or perfect country or perfect neighborhood or perfect place or environment where you can escape this nowhere. I had a cousin visiting me and she, we were talking about it because her children all had these internet gadgets that they were using. And I was, we were talking about the dangers of the internet. And she said, Oh, Henna Baji, thank God I live in such and such Islamic country over there. The government is so strict. And I didn't even have to say anything. Her husband just started shaking his head and he was like, no, honey, the top 10 countries that download porn out of those top 10 countries, the top three countries are all Muslim countries, all Muslim countries that download the most porn. I know of a student of a student of mine who went overseas to study. And he went to memorize Quran. And he went, I won't mention the country, but he went to this small country in Africa. And in this country, he had to go to this tiny village where all this village does the village has 200 people in it. And they live in tents, they don't even live in homes. The only permanent building there is this one small building in which foreigners who are visiting get to spend the night. Otherwise, everybody sleeps outside under the stars, or they sleep in tents. It takes 16 hours to get to this village, this literally this little tent city of 200 people, 16 hours where you have to go in these big SUVs and you go over these huge rocks. When you get to this little town, I feel weird even calling it a town, it's not a town, but you get the idea when they get there, when people get out of the cars, the first thing the villagers do who've come to greet the people is they step back because they know the second people get out of the car, they're going to throw up because the drive is so difficult getting there. This is the kind of village, it's completely off the map, it's in the middle of nowhere, there are no towns around it. So this child went there to memorize Quran. All night, they say it's like bees humming, you just hear people reciting Quran throughout the night because in the daytime it's so hot, so people do their memorizing at night. It takes, there's no electricity there at people walk around with guests lanterns. There's one generator and there's one outlet. It takes three days to power up a phone. There's one person in this community who's in charge of taking your phone, he will power your phone for three days and then he will give it back to you.  So there's literally nowhere to escape it, it's really heartbreaking. So we have to, just like we teach our kids how to swim or when our kids learn how to drive, we teach them how to be safe with seatbelts. It's our job just to give them the tools how to deal and then at some point they need to know the right thing to do if they come across something that's harmful to them. We pray for a less protection first and foremost but we give them the tools as well. So when my son Amin came here to Southern California, we had pretty tight media rules in our home and Alhamdulillah my siblings and I are on the same page and so he was living with my brother and my brother told me, you know Hina, I can watch over Amin all I want and we can have all the rules in the house that we have but at some point he needs to know the right thing to do because IOK's high school program was online. So he would be on his laptop doing his homework and there were times my brother Faraz had to go to bed and so he said he needs to know what to do because I go to sleep, I don't know what could be popping up on his computer. So at that time we came up with this drill just like we have safety drills at school or at work where you know if there's a fire god forbid stop drop and roll or if there's an earthquake what is the protocol you use you know which exit do you go out of how do you behave. Same way we have to have drills in place about how to deal if pornography ever pops up on your computer or your phone or whatever. So what we told our kids was the first thing you do if pornography is ever to pop up in front of you and we told them that something may pop up that looks weird to you just something that you're like wait I wasn't looking for that that wasn't the website I was going for that's not the image I was searching you'll just know you'll have this voice in your head and that voice is coming to you from Allah's upon a dollar it's coming from the angels warning you that that feels weird the first thing you do is you lower your gaze you close the laptop or you turn off the computer or you unplug whatever you basically you get it out of your vision and it's interesting because at Elm tree my homeschooling co-op one of the moms there is a marriage and family therapist and she told us that you know they worked with sex offenders at one time in her training who were in prison and she said they were taught as therapists to teach these sex offenders that if anything was ever to pop up or come in their site the first thing they have to do is look away the first thing they have to do is to get it out of their sight of vision which is really it shows you the wisdom of Allah subhan Allah because what does Allah subhan Allah tells us to say he tells us to lower the gaze right so lowering the gaze there's real benefit in that it's not just like oh we're so you know nervous we can't look at anything there's actually a protection of the heart and the soul of getting something out of your vision that is haram and we told our kids that the first glance that is by mistake is a freebie but after that if you look again that's when the angels start recording so you have to be really mindful of not going back to something that felt weird or uncomfortable so the first thing is look away the second thing we teach our kids is to immediately say awdu bilam in a shaitan regime and we tell them that these are words of power these are not magic words they're it's not mumbo jumbo you have to know that when pornography or something like that pops up in front of you you are in a shaitani environment you're in the presence of shaitan and you need protection and the only one who can protect you is Allah we ourselves have no power so you immediately call on Allah's help for his help so awdu bilam in a shaitan regime and it was very very validating to me because I gave this talk at a zaituna college event up north and there were um after I was done giving my talk shehan sayusaf gave his talk his presentation presentation which was on the danger of the current media that's out there in the world and he was not there when I gave my presentation he arrived later for his talk so he didn't hear anything I said but when he got up on stage and he had a whole power point presentation and he went through all the different things that are out there in the world and how we need to deal all of a sudden in his power point he came to a black screen and in the middle of the black screen in white letters it said awdu bilam in a shaitan regime and he talked about the exact same thing he said you need to rely on this and you need to use these words often and so that was very validating to hear from the friend who's a therapist that even in the non-muslim studies that this is what they're teaching is to lower the gaze and look away and then to learn from the shuyuh that we have to rely on all the bilam in a shaitan regime the third thing we told our kids after lowering the gaze and saying awdu bilam in a shaitan regime is you need to immediately go and tell an adult no matter what time of day it is you need to go get help you need to go let an adult know what's going on because many times what will happen is children will assume that the parents have no idea about pornography and they'll think this is something I just discovered and I actually need to protect my parents and so you need to let them know that I know what's going on and you need to come tell me and so they need to and and they need to know that you're not going to freak out that you're not going to blame them that you're actually on their side and you're going to help them and so sure enough one day Amin was doing his work at at my brother's home and something popped up on his screen and it was something he had not been looking for he didn't know what it was he immediately realized that this is the thing that we've been warned about he turned off the computer said awdu bilam in a shaitan regime and then went and told my brother my brother came and looked at the computer realized that there was a virus on it and told him okay don't touch it we'll get somebody to clean it up and then you know took the computer away for a couple of days and then gave it back to him once it was clear if we hadn't had that drill in place I shudder to think about what might have happened you know like that curiosity that oh what is that that's and then clicking on it and then the thing becoming bigger taking over his screen and so many times that's how it happens kids stumble across pornography they don't know what it is they click on it and then the way it works is first it's curiosity then it becomes a pattern or kid keeps returning to it to just kind of check it out then it becomes a habit where they have to do it on a regular basis and then it becomes a compulsion where they can't leave it even if they want to and I know the story of this 10-year-old boy who was on the hives track he was memorizing Quran and his mother was thrilled that's all she ever wanted was for one of her children to memorize Quran and her son was started memorizing surah after surah after surah and he was totally like yes I want to be a hafiz the hives school that the program that he was a part of all of the hives students were given iPods to help them memorize Quran so he used the iPod all the time while walking outside while in the car while in his bedroom around the house memorizing his surahs and the mom was thrilled all of a sudden this son just lost it seemed like it was all of a sudden but it was gradual the son lost interest in memorizing Quran and he just told his mom I can't do it anymore I don't want to memorize Quran and the mom was heartbroken she was like what happened you know she felt like maybe he got nuzzled or eyed you know the evil eye and so but she told him okay just keep working at it but he was like no I'm not interested in memorizing Quran one day she walked into his bedroom and she saw that he was on his iPod and his back was to her and she saw that on his iPod he was watching pornography so when she and her husband she and her husband investigated they found out that this boy had been watching pornography every single day for two years every single day from the ages of 10 to 12 this boy had been watching pornography he is hopelessly addicted it is one of the most tragic stories because I've been involved with the family you know trying to help and and just be there and this boy is much older now and he's still addicted it's the parents were really smart they immediately got him into therapy they got him into and there's actually therapy a program now for Muslims called purify your gaze so if there's anyone struggling with that purify your gaze as a program and when she first approached them when he was 12 years old they said no we only work with adults and in shalla your son will be fine you know whatever and and so years went by he's not fine and all sorts of problems come about from it this boy has been suicidal because there's so many times he's tried to quit pornography and he has not been able to and he keeps going back to it and so he despairs and he starts to feel like Allah can never forgive him so they have him in therapy but not only do they have him in therapy for his pornography addiction but they also have him in spiritual therapy they have him in therapy with the sheikh who's there to help him and remind him of Allah's mercy remind him why he can't despair remind him that Allah is using this addiction just to break you Allah is showing you that he's the master and you're the slave and you have to just turn to Allah completely just helping him that way but the thing about pornography addiction which people don't realize is studies show first and foremost that most addiction happens between ages of 10 and 12 the other thing is they've actually done brain scans actual brain scans on children who are addicted to pornography and they have found that the hard wiring of the brain the actual shape of the brain changes it actually changes there's a physical effect of pornography addiction and they said that the high that people get from watching pornography is the same high that people get from using cocaine and heroin so it's like being addicted to cocaine and heroin so his parents are treating it like an addiction now that they don't judge their son anymore and recently the mom told me after years of trying to deal with this and they have a very open relationship with their son the son will come to them and say mom dad it's been a month i haven't watched pornography and they'll be like wonderful alhamdulillah then he'll come and say it's been two months i haven't watched any pornography and they'll be really happy for him and then he'll come and say i watched pornography i couldn't help it i'm sorry and he'll cry and they'll hug him and you know so this is their life right now and the mom told me recently after years of dealing with this her husband is this big you know strong person you doesn't show much emotion she said the other day he just hugged her son and just broke down sobbing just cried and cried and cried and told her their son i'm so sorry i'm so sorry that this happened to you and she said that it happened you know with Allah's will but she said it had what the lesson they took from it is she said we broke the number one rule the number one rule which is that you don't have internet in your bedrooms she said the fact that our son had an internet device in his bedroom was our biggest mistake and um so pray for him inshallah that's it's a long journey and uh you know they're trying to get him help they've gotten him help but you know and it's it's incredible she paid a thousand dollars for somebody to come into the home and wire all the computers and put all the wi-fi code in her house changes every day he actually tells the parents don't go to sleep before me he's a grown like kid now and he will tell his parents don't go to bed before me because if you do i'll watch pornography like that's how bad it is the three things about pornography it's the AAA engine it's affordability pornography is cheap is free and if it's not free it's very cheap accessibility if you can access it anywhere in the old days you used to have to go to a video store now i could be watching it on my phone in front of you at the dining table and you would have no idea affordability accessibility and anonymity the fact that nobody knows you're doing it so what we as parents need to do is we can't do anything about the affordability so we need to take away the accessibility and the anonymity my sons did not have smartphones they did not have cell phones until age 13 and then my son in high school got a flip phone and people would the kids would take pictures of his flip phone because they'd be like what is that do these things actually exist but he did not get a smartphone until now until age 18 my son amin we prayed about it quite a bit before letting him get a an iphone because he's driving here in southern california now and he needs gps and whatnot but my husband has a thing set up on his phone that anything he looks at or any text he gets or sends out my husband gets a copy of it so we trust him we inshallah he won't do anything wrong but it's still it's you know we need to um they need to be aware at this age while they're still developing that for some kids you can tell them Allah sees you you're not alone Allah sees you some kids that'll be enough but for other kids you're going to have to tell them about the the medical effects the physical effects what happens with addiction how marriages get affected and um somebody asked my son in high school why don't no i asked my son why don't you watch pornography my 18 year old like why you could you could get away with it at anyone's home why do you choose not to and he said that he was once another and he heard the sheikh say something that had a real effect on him and he said it was the sheikh said iman gets pulled out of your eyes iman gets pulled out of your eyes and he said that freaked him out for him that was enough alhamdulillah may may he stay that way for other kids you're going to need to give them some of the hard facts okay and along with warning about pornography addiction you have to also teach your kids how to do toba they need to know how they can turn to Allah's paratola if they mess up so that they don't despair and also for anyone who thinks i don't want to talk about it because my kid may then want to go look it up if you don't talk to your kids about it somebody else will i know of a kid who heard the word pornography used in a khutba at a jumma prayer and nobody would tell him what it was so he went and looked it up himself i know a kid who went to a non-muslim summer camp and a boy came up to him and said do you know what porn is and he went parm he didn't even say the word correctly he went parm and he typed up parm and he found pornography even with the wrong spelling