Traditionally, garlic has been recommended to help reduce the high cholesterol levels and high blood pressure. But how about blood sugar and diabetes control? Doesn't have any role? Hi, I'm Dr. Ahmed Ergin. I'm an endocrinologist who specializes in hormones and diabetes management. I practice in Florida but help people with diabetes all over the world via this YouTube channel. Before we dive into this serious stuff, let me tell you a few fun facts. Garlic was used and it was called a Russian penicillin, given to soldiers in World War II as medicine. 90% of all the garlic that is produced in the United States come from California and the rest of the world basically buys garlic from China. A new study has found that consuming garlic could actually reduce the blood sugar levels in people suffering from type 2 diabetes. And over health benefits in the treatment of this metabolic condition. So garlic can provide a range of benefits for people in addition to their usual treatments that people get like with insulin or diet or out of medications. So we know that the garlic contains more than 400 chemical components that are helpful. Many can help prevent and treat a diverse range of health problems. Plus compounds in garlic help raise insulin levels in the body and the blood by preventing the liver's inactivation of insulin. So as a result, more insulin becomes available in the body to help lower the blood sugars. So research also found that the moderate amounts of garlic could actually potentially stop or lower the effects of some diabetes complications, such as like retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy. Garlic may even help fight infections, reduce blood cholesterol, and improve blood flow. A study even published like many years ago I recently came across showed that the raw garlic might actually help reduce blood sugar levels as well as reduce the risk of atherosclerosis. This is important because diabetes increases a person's risk of atherosclerosis related inflammation and heart attacks and stroke, etc. up to four times. So not everybody is a fan of garlic, I know that. So how to eat them without having to deal with a smell? Oh, actually I hate it.   There isn't a standard dosage for eating garlic so feel free to add garlic so whenever to any recipe or snack allows. Now if you prefer a less intense odor and taste, look for garlic greens which are like young plants or garlic scapes, there are curly shoots that appear as the plant matures. They're available at the farmers markets and their local produce stores or you know they're mostly available during the spring season. These last two things that I said has milder flavor and you can chop them, mix them in salads and put in the dips and savory spreads, whatever you like. It is recommended that you let the chopped garlic actually sit for at least five minutes to allow the allicin, one of the herbs main component to be it is in the highest concentration and known to be very helpful that enhances the potential health benefit of garlic. So guys, I hope this video was helpful and if it was, please remember to like, share and subscribe and remember to watch the hundreds of other diabetes or insulin resistance videos we have in this channel. Alright guys, thumbs up, see you in the next video. Hey guys, I hope you're enjoying this channel so far and I hope you subscribed already. If you didn't do it and if you did watch this video right there, I think that will help you too.


Hey everybody welcome back to the channel today I'm going to be talking about the best tiling window manager for beginners now when I'm talking about beginners I don't necessarily mean those who are new to Linux if you're new to Linux chances are you probably would be better off using a desktop environment like plasma or a GNOME or Mate or Cinnamon or something like that and the reason why is because all those desktop environments come with tools that are meant to Make them easy to configure things like a GUI application to manage your Wi-Fi or your Bluetooth or your mouse or the way The desktop environment looks all these things are packaged together and come with the desktop environment It's part of what makes them a desktop environment instead of just a window manager Window managers are really usually just that they only manage your windows if you want any of the extra stuff you have to go through and install them and that adds extra complexity on to the whole Getting started, you know thing So when I'm talking about new users, I mean those who are new to tiling window managers, but I've used the next for a little while now When I get this question, there are any number of answers I could give BS PWM is not a hard window manager to use It's written in bash a lot of people know bash. It's easy to configure. It's easy to get around in it's easy to install Something like Qtile. It's also fairly easy to install also fairly easy to get into the configuration of because it's written in Python and a lot of people in the Python But I think the answer to the question is actually I3 and there are several reasons why so the first one is That it's highly customizable, but usable out of the box What basically what that means is you can install it along with that's very few dependencies and use it right away It comes with a bar It has very easy key bindings right of the box and I mean it doesn't look like ass I mean, it's not like complete. It's not customized or anything, but you know It looks okay. It's very minimal and it's usable If you want to get to work right away You can do so if you want to get into customizing it right away You can do so and that's because of the next reason is that you don't have to use or you don't have to learn Another language in order to customize it. It's written in a user configurable language Which means that it's very readable you can go through and get into the configuration file and it will actually be something you can Read it's something that you can understand right away Even if you have no clue what you know see even is because I3 is written in C But the configuration files is written I Think I think right through turn and see I can never remember But anyways the configuration file is written in a language such that it's very easy to read and I can actually show you this this right here is My I3 configuration file and as you can see It's very readable. So this is setting a variable Display port one. This is using that variable to tell what workspace one should be on You can tell that Very easily by what it says there's no I mean and there's look at this There's no commas or anything each had to put on this because I3 doesn't really do that So that's what I mean when it's configurable in a very easy way So even outside of it being usable right of the box You can also get right into it and start customizing it right away without using or without learning another language the next one is That I3 is a manual Tyler and I3 is not the only manual Tyler out there, but I Think manual Tyler's are better for new users simply because it gives new users more control over where Their windows go so when you're using a tiling window manager and you spawn a new window in a dynamic Tyler They always go by whatever layout you're using so like with if you're using DWM the Default of DWM is master and stack and that means you're having a main window along the side and several children child windows along the other side the same thing with like q-tile or Xmonad those are all dynamic tiling window managers with manual Tyler's you always choose where the next windows go with with something Like BSPWM you actually actively choose where the next windows goes with I3 you have a key binding and you tell I3 whether you not You want the next window to be vertical or horizontally split and that's really cool And it's I think that control is very Important for new users simply because that's kind of what they're used to in desktop environments They're used to being able to put the windows wherever they want Whereas with dynamic Tyler's This layout is almost always set. So that's just my opinion It's not necessarily that dynamics are bad or hard to learn for new users. I Just think happen to think that the manual Tyler's Probably what would fit in with new users just a little bit better. So the next one. I want to talk about is Documentation now I3 has the apps the best documentation of Any Tiling window manager, I know and I don't think it's actually close So if you go to I3windowmanager.org and click on the docs thing and then you the user guide you get all of this and It's just page after page after page of Pure awesomeness it tells you everything you need to know and what's more is it's written in a in such a way That everybody can understand it windows are sized so that every window gets an equal amount of space in the container and the container being You know the screen other window managers aren't necessarily written in that way For example DWM, which is a suckless software utility Literally says on their websites. We are not for noobs.   This is literally all there is just this little bit here I can scroll down within the matter of you know a free sense. That's that's it There's no other documentation for BSPWM out there as far as I know. I mean it's possible Yeah That's a little bit extra. That's how you install it. That's I mean so there's a little bit extra there But that was it. I mean in comparison if you're gonna compare these two I mean, there's really no comparison and BSPWM is a very easy to learn Tiling window manager. It's written in because it's written or at least the configuration is written in bash and You can get around bash very easily and there are a lot of guides and stuff out there But in terms of official documentation, it's just not very helpful Now speaking of helpful. I think that the next one has to be community now Because i3 is a very popular window manager It's also a very popular with new user window manager. That means that the community around it is much more Not only invested in but also happy to you know happy to help new users then You know something like DWM or Xmone ad or even BSPWM the community is just so much bigger And it's also like they embrace new users much more than other tiling window managers do and that means that when you go through And you have a problem It's almost certain that you would be able to go through and find someone who is not only willing to help you But it's not going to ridicule you because you asked a question. That's obvious They may point you towards the manual but chances are they'll just send you a link directly to the answer because again When you go to the documentation everything is linked so you they can link to a specific spot on that page and You've gotten the answer And if it's not in the documentation, they'll be more than willing to help you I know the red the subreddit for i3 Fantastic place up.  So Documentation and community are definitely two of the biggest reasons why I think that i3 is the best styling way to manage it for news the last one I want to talk about is kind of like a bonus and This one is very very specific and it's one that I think that is overlooked and Is not really something that is specific to i3, but I think it's the easiest i3 and that is tabs Now all the rest of the points on my list were very broad in terms of you You should you should use i3 because it has a great community It has easy to learn language in in your configuration file You know all these things but tabs are a very specific feature of i3 that come built in now You can use tabs in suckless software using a tabbed program, but that's an extraneous program that you have to install You can use the monocle mode in in DWM and you can use the I'm not actually sure what the layout is in q-tiles to have them all stacked on each other because that those are kind of tabs Well in i3 they're like literally tabs and I want to show you this So we're on this window here if I hit a keybinding when my case mod z and then I hit a Open up a terminal I've actually opened up a tab and I can do this many many times and you can actually see the tab up here at The top you can see the color Now this isn't going to be what yours looked like out of the box because out of the box That will actually be the title of the window, but I've disabled that and it just looks like this and then you can just move back and forth between the the tabs like this With the arrow keys in my case. I don't know why I had it set as the arrow keys and not the Vim keys I'm not actually sure. I've thought for sure. I use the Vim keys when I configured that but apparently I did it wrong But anyways, the point is is I loved these tabs and it's just If you know me I love my workspaces and I have 19 workspaces on i3 But I also used that crap out of tags and I love that feature So that was just a kind of a bonus thing now like I said, I understand that in other Tyler win managers You can do similar things with them to this but for i3 I just feel like because it's built-in and it's Easy to use.  It's not very easy to see what window you're on or what Window you're using even again. I and DWM the only indication you get is like a number up in the bar So so I think that i3 is the best for new users And I don't think that it's really all that close because every other window manager out there has serious Prickly spots that aren't necessarily great for new users BS PWM for being written in bash still has a ton of features to it that are Not well documented and you're not necessarily going to know how to use so look for example creating zones in BS PWM and is one of the ways you can tell a window where to spawn and what size to spawn and It's not a great experience just because it's not well documented with cutile you have to learn Python obviously and it has You know pain points because of that i3 on the other hand is very easily configured and It just works out of the box now I've been saying all this stuff to new users But if you're using i3 or you're just gonna start using i3 I don't want you to take away from this that this is that the i3 window manager is just for new users And that you can't do Amazing things with it if you look on r slash Unix porn you'll see a ton of awesome rices with i3 There's just tons of stuff that you can do if you want the master stack layout in i3. There's a way to do it if you want To go through and use floating windows all the time. There's a way to do it I mean there's just tons and tons of features built into i3. There's scratchpad functionality built into i3 I mean, there's just tons of awesome features like that just built right into i3 And that makes it possible for somebody who's very comfortable with i3 or with tiling window managers to use it very comfortable And do a ton of really amazing things with it. So don't think just because I've pointed new users to i3 That that means that you can't be a professional tiling window manager user whatever that means and Use it as well. I mean, I know a ton of people who just swear by i3 and they've been using it for 10 years, I mean I've been using now for two or three or four years now or Two years, I guess and I still love it a lot just as much as I did when I started So and there's like I said, I've done a ton of stuff to it and you know, it's not limiting in any way So thank you for watching If you want to you can follow us on Twitter at the Linux cash You can follow us on Facebook at the Linux cash You can also support us on patreon at patreon.com slash the next cast I'd like to take a moment to thank our current sponsors Devon Marcus Maglen American Camp. Thanks everybody for your support. Thank you for watching. I'll see you next time


Hello, Kate. How are you doing today? I'm pretty good. Chris, how are you? I am fantastic. And I'm so excited to talk to you. So for those who haven't met you yet. So what what's a little bit of your background? Like I know who you are, but let the people know. Okay, so right now I'm a research specialist at MIT. I study human robot interaction from a social, legal and ethical perspective. But I have a whole background in law and social sciences. And so I wound up in technology kind of by accident, but I love it. That's actually really, really interesting. So here's a fun quick story for you, Kate. When when I was growing up, my dream was to go to MIT as a kid. And then I kind of realized I didn't have the grades to do it. So so if you want, you could tell me how bad MIT is. So I don't feel bad about it anymore. Terrible. You wouldn't want to go there. You know, food is really bad. Yeah, just awful in the winters there. Oh, yeah, that's true. The winters really are terrible. So so with the book, so we're talking about the new breed. And yeah, I saw I saw the author Joanna pin tweet about it. I'm like, I'm not really interested in books like on robotics and AI and stuff. And then I realized that, you know, it's kind of like from this ethical standpoint and stuff like diving into so many topics. So can you kind of give like a brief overview of like, the concept of the book and what made you want to write this? And even if you want to kind of dive into the aspect of what the new breed is and because you talk a lot about animals in there. So animal lovers need to pay attention. Yeah, yeah, I I tomb an animal lover as I'm sure you could tell from the book. So okay, but what made me want to write this book was not animals. What made me really need to write this book was, I have had so many conversations with people over the past decade about robots, because I love robots. So I will talk to anyone about robots. And I just started realizing that no matter who I'm talking to, whether it's a robot assist, or you know, some random person at Garden Party, all of our conversations around robots seem to be comparing robots to humans and artificial intelligence to human intelligence. So whether we're talking about robots replacing jobs one to one, whether it's in our stock photo images, which are always images of kind of humanoid robots. Yeah, it's total, like, we constantly do this comparison. And I was just like, that doesn't make a lot of sense. It doesn't make sense because artificial intelligence doesn't function like human intelligence. It was the original goal of like the original people developing AI to probably recreate human intelligence. But that's not where we've ended up. And that's not the path that we're on. So computers are already way smarter than us in some ways, and way not smarter than us in other ways. So it just I feel like this comparison is limiting us because it's it's leading to this technological determinism where we're thinking that robots can, should and will replace people. And instead, I think our goal shouldn't be to recreate human abilities. Our goal should be to create something different, supplemental that we can partner with. And so I've always found animals to be such a good analogy to robots because they are these things that can sense and think and make autonomous decisions and learn. And we've partnered with them throughout history, because their skill sets are different from ours. Not because they do what we do, right? So, so I, you know, I eventually decided that there was enough in this analogy to write a whole book on it. I could have written even more on it. So many cool parallels. But anyway, the point isn't that animals and robots are the same. The point is that I want people to open up their minds to a new analogy and change some of the conversations and fundamental ways. Yeah. And, and, yeah, and not not only do I typically not read books about like robots and AI and stuff like that, but I like history books like bore me, but you have so many stories in there about like, dogs being used in war and like pigeons and dolphins and like, I'm like, this is really neat stuff. Like you have a lot of knowledge up in that brain. And one of the first things I want to talk about because it's something I didn't even consider. And now that you've, you've kind of like, got me interested in this subject. How, how do we define what a robot is? I never thought of it.  And I think of like Johnny five from short circuit and stuff like that. But yeah, in the book, like, you start talking about like, like room buzz and like, is this a robot?  And what are the what's the functionality? And I think that perspective helps us get into that kind of ethical and moral conversation. So what's a robot cave? Well, there is actually no universal definition of what a robot is, which is weird, because we talk about them all the time. And yet, we don't seem to really have a good definition. So depending on the field that you're in, you'll define robot differently, even the roboticist themselves. For a roboticist, a robot is usually a physical thing. So it can't be AI has to be physical, that can somehow take in information, sense its environment, think about what it's going to do next based on that input, and then act on its environment again. But even that as a definition kind of gets messy, because you could technically say that your iPhone can do all of that, like light and vibration and but but most roboticist would not call this a robot. So the it's it's funny if you look kind of historically to how the definition has changed, because the robot used to be anything that kind of automates a task. And then once it becomes more ubiquitous, it's just a dishwasher. So so it yeah, you know, I, I have kind of the same operating definition as the roboticist. But the point of the book is that we so often just fill in as a definition, a humanoid robot, and don't think about all of the other designs, when we're just envisioning robot, and you can see that like in if you do a Google image search, you see what people envision as a robot. So yeah, so the point of the book isn't to find a definition, but rather to break out of kind of this mold that we have. Yeah, and it is so interesting. And that's why, you know, I, my interest was peaked when I learned what your book was about, because I just really like thinking and looking at things in different ways. And a great way to do that is by getting into ethics and philosophy and morality and stuff like that. And I'm just like, now I'm looking at, you know, like my computer and just different, my car, differently. And I'm like, Oh, well, I can do this, but can I do that? And as we were discussing right before, I'm currently reading the book, robot rights. And, and yeah, you you talk a lot about this in the book. And that's why I kind of love the animal analogy. And I do want to talk about some of the selective morality and selective empathy that you touch on in the book. But, but kind of first off, like, I'm gonna, I'm gonna play the bad guy real quick. Why, why do robot rights matter? Why do ethics for robots matter? Why can't I just go and kick my toaster or punch my car? You know what I mean?  Like, why does it matter? I know it sounds so science fictiony. And like, oh, you know, and, and in fact, there is a lot of science fiction on it. And there's also a lot of philosophical discussion around kind of, once the robots are sufficiently like us, do they deserve rights? And that's, you know, I view that as you know, a fun and interesting question. But that's not the question that I'm most interested in, which is, even if the robots don't have intelligence or sentience can't suffer, have no feelings, could there be reasons to act, act around them as though they're moral patients or give them some sort of protections? And the that idea comes from the Kantian theory of animal rights. So Kant didn't actually care much about animals or think that they were deserving of any protection, except that he thought that being cruel to animals made you a cruel person. And so his theory of animal rights was all about us and all about our own behavior. And so as you look at a lot of my work has been around life like robots and how people feel when the robots can mimic pain and distress, and how people feel about those robots being quote unquote mistreated. And it turns out that it's very disturbing to us to watch. And so there's this question of, is that not in line with societal values? And could it even desensitize people as the design gets more lifelike to behave violently towards them? And this question, like, I believe in evidence based policy, I think that we would want some evidence that it desensitizes people before we like legislate and, you know, prevent people from kicking robots. But I do think that it's going to become a big discussion as, you know, people start seeing more violence toward very lifelike robots or their kids start seeing that violence. And we just respond to it so instinctively, like it doesn't feel good. Yeah.  And, and you look, yeah, you just had a kid, didn't you? I did. Yeah, I have a 12 week old downstairs. Awesome. I love it. Is that your first? No, second, I have a three and a half year old too. Awesome. So I like, I'm a parent too. I have a 12 year old, so a little bit older. But, but there's something like if I walked into my room and I just let's say I got my son, let's say I got him like a Furby, right? Like he's a gamer. So he has an Xbox.  So I love that you bring up that conversation because it's we wouldn't be okay with our kids doing that because it could translate and we're helping foster this kind of like aggression. And correct me if I'm wrong, but you touch on some studies about things like that in the book, don't you like some kind of psychological research about mistreating robots and kind of how that translates? Yeah, absolutely.  But I think there are actually two reasons that we would intervene with like something that behaves in a lifelike way, which is like you said, I mean, for the first might be the value of the property and we know destroy things in general. But the second is we might be worried about what that teaches our kids, right? Especially as they're even younger, like my three and a half year old, for example, doesn't distinguish between animals and robots, like them, they're both the same thing. But yeah, there's been there's there's actually this huge really interesting body of research in human robot interaction that shows that people really respond genuinely to some of the cues that robot robots can mimic. So motion and sounds and and I myself have gotten into some of that research as well. It all started when I got this baby dinosaur toy called a pleo. So this is super actually there's one behind me, I think. People listening to the audio can't hear but there's one in the video to check it out. But they it's this cool toy. But if you hold it up by the tail, it starts to like cry and and mimic this very pitiful behavior. And I was like, Oh, this is making me feel bad even though I know exactly how the machine works. And so that got me into some studies on violence towards robots. It started out with a workshop that I did with my friend, how to scousel where we gave people these baby dinosaur robots, and then we had them torture them and destroy them. And like, they were super disturbed by that. And then I did some like actual research at MIT with my colleagues with less cute robots, but trying to look more exactly at that connection between human empathy, and how we respond to these machines. And, you know, our results indicated that there is really a connection between people's natural tendencies for empathy and how they respond to robots. So it's just a small study. But it's part of this like, growing body of research that shows that we treat robots like they're alive, even though we know that they're just machines. Yeah. And, yeah, I was talking, I was like, we could talk about this for hours, because I have so many questions, like, when we when we look at that, and we look at, you know, certain robots are how they look or how they react, right? Something I was thinking about earlier, have you seen, did you watch The Good Place by chance? I did. I love The Good Place. Okay, so there's Janet, right? She's like cyborg, robot, and not a robot, not a robot, not a robot. Thank you.  That's how they programmed her. But like, so here's a here's a question, like, is that do you think that would help with like, treating robots better, right? Like, if I kicked my Roomba, I don't even have a Roomba. But if it's like said, oh, you know, like, do you think that would help train people and get them to kind of think a little bit better about this? I think there's actually, there's either a study or someone did some art project where they made the Roomba Swear or Express Pain. But but I can't remember exactly what it was. Anyway, but like, OK, so it's a really good question, like a design question, like, does that help or hurt if you make the robots able to express pain? And have you seen the show Westworld? Yes, we have a lot of shows in common. Yes, I imagine we would. So, you know, Westworld for anyone who hasn't seen it is, you know, based on this old movie. It's about a theme park where there are these very lifelike robots that look just like people and animals and you can do whatever you want to them.  So, you know, with a lot of pain and stuff.  Is that, you know, what does that say about them? First of all, and then could it desensitize people if they do it a lot? But like the the the the the pain response can go both ways, right? Like to some people, it's really disturbing and they would stop like harming a robot if it says ow. In fact, that's what most of the research shows. And then in some cases, like, I don't know, if you have violent tendencies, you might love that the robot responds that way. And it might even turn out that that's a healthy outlet for violent behavior, right?  Yeah. And something something I was thinking about as reading your book and like because my background is like in mental health, I'm in recovery from addiction. I used to have severe anger issues and it took a long time to kind of like work through that, right? A lot of therapy and meditation and all sorts of stuff. But now they have like these like break rooms, right?  And I don't know if you've like seen some of the research and I don't know if it's like peer reviewed or anything, but some of it is showing that it increases people's anger issues and violent behavior. So when I'm thinking about that, because you bring up a great point like, would this be a better outlet, right? But in relation to animals, right? When we're like comparing robots to animals, I think about that because if you know, Jeffrey Dahmer, for instance, torturing animals, he's like, well, at least it's not a human. Here's a healthy outlet, right? And then it kind of progresses. So I'm not a huge fan of the slippery slope argument, but I'm like, yeah, maybe we should just try to be kind and not torture robots and stuff unless it's in a research setting like yours. Yeah, I mean, that's right. Cause we just don't know, right? We don't know, you know, is this just an expression of violent tendencies that we're already there that aren't gonna change based on, but we do know, like you said, like there's definitely a connection between a violence towards animals and then violence towards people. Like that's been established, but we don't know if it can intensify and like create that slippery slope. Like you said, and that's really hard to research. Like, yeah, we get little bits and pieces of it, like the break room stuff that you said, but yeah, like it does seem to be like, well, to be on the safe side, maybe we should just be nice, right? Exactly. Yeah, well, I, you know, I was thinking about too, when we're talking about like just treating robots with empathy or respect and taking care of them, like, you know, think about like the planet, right? Like the planet isn't talking to me and I don't know if it feels unless, you know, you're like in the movie Avatar and it like interacts with you and stuff.  So I think a good default is like, hey, let's just try to be nice to stuff, you know? But now I wanna go on the total reverse.  Like I think you even mentioned a story where there was like soldiers going back into combat to save robots. And that's why I'm like, okay, so I could see some other arguments against it. So can you talk a little bit about that and some of the research around like caring for robots, maybe a little too much where we're putting ourselves in danger? Yeah, so yeah. So I don't think there's anything inherently wrong with, you know, emotionally relating to robots, developing connections. Like I think that that can even be useful. But yes, like you said, there are obviously some cases where, you know, it's inefficient at best and dangerous at worst. There are these bomb disposal units that have been used in the military for over a decade now and they don't look like anything special. They're not like cute baby dinosaur robots. They're just like sticks on treads and they're even partially remote controlled. So not even fully autonomous, but soldiers become really emotionally attached to them and they will give them names and medals of honor and have these funerals with gun salutes. And you allude to, so this is a story from Peter Singer's book Wired for War where he talks about a soldier actually putting himself in danger to not leave the robot behind. And you can imagine more of that happening as, you know, different robots get deployed in that context because it's a very emotionally charged context.  So it's not even something that you can necessarily prevent, but it is something to be aware of because right now we're just putting robots out there and not really thinking about the effect that they can create because people treat them differently than other devices. With the soldiers, I used to argue that we need to like find a way to prevent this from happening, right?  I've kind of come around, now that I've done so much research on animal history, I've come around to understanding that there might also be a benefit to soldiers emotionally attaching to the robots. If you look at how animals were used in war and the emotional attachments that soldiers had the animals that they were on the battlefield with, that was actually in a lot of cases like even life-saving for them, just this emotional attachment, this solidarity with an animal. So, you know, I don't know where it shakes out, but it actually, I don't think it matters too much because it's not something that we're gonna be able to prevent. Yeah, and so I'm curious what you think about this because I'm wondering what it is, where this attachment comes from. And by the way, I was practicing this word last night, but you're welcome to laugh at me if I say it wrong. Do you think it's more, wait, I haven't written down, anthropomorphism. Did I say it right? Yeah, there we go. Do we think it's more of that? I'm not gonna try it again, that's the, I would, but do you think it's more of that or kind of like essentialism, right? Like somebody running back into a burning house because their grandmother's sweater that they gave them was there. Do you think that they're getting an attachment because of the experiences they've had with this thing in war or do you think they're seeing it as more a feeling being? Yeah, great question. I think it's all of the above in this case. So anthropomorphism is our tendency to- I'll let you just say it like a pro. I've said it a million times at this point. Yeah, it's our tendency to project human traits and qualities and emotions onto non-humans. So we do this to animals, like we project the guilty look onto dogs that may or may not actually be there. The studies show it's not usually, but we do this to objects, like stuffed animals. And then we really love to do this to robots. And I think part of that is also because they move around in our physical space and we respond to that because we're very physical creatures. So yes, so there's definitely a lot of anthropomorphism in a lot of people's interactions with robots. But of course, like in the situation we were just talking about, there's a lot of other factors at play too, right? There's the whole context, the emotions, the looking for attachment in anything. There's, what was the other thing that you said that it could be? Like essentialism? Yeah, essentialism. Yeah, like the essence of something is in it or memories and things that we just cherish, you know? And the more that you can feel like you've had like a shared experience with an object or that, you know, we emotionally attach to even objects that don't move or have any eyes or anything. So, you know, there was a pet rock craze in the 70s. Yeah, right? Yeah, and then the little like Tamagotches and stuff like that. Right, like we are such social creatures and so I think, you know, there's a lot of that happening. And there's actually, I forgot to mention like there is another big reason why I think it can get problematic to become emotionally attached to robots not just like in the war context but also in the context of robots not robots being kind of, you know, created by humans, deployed by humans, you know, companies and governments collecting data, you know, it's great if you're able to tell a robot all your secrets but, you know, the robot can tell the secrets to someone else and that might not be in your best interest. So that's the other aspect, consumer protection and other data privacy issues that worries me. Yeah, no, absolutely. And yeah, all that. See, I just love thinking and just seeing all this stuff in like different ways and this might be, you know, more of like a psychological question but like when we were talking about like, you know, we're social creatures and looking for attachment and I'm personally not a huge fan and maybe you, you know, being at MIT and everything I don't know what your thoughts are but like this idea that like technology is destroying everybody. Like I am a huge mental health advocate and all that but do you think that as technology becomes more of a part of our life, like do you agree with the argument that, oh, humans are lonelier than ever and, you know, and now we're just looking for a connection and because I do wanna dive into the topic of like robot relationships in a minute, right? But what are your thoughts around that? Like do you think that we're lonely and we're more likely to become really attached to these objects and all that or? I mean, loneliness is certainly something that can contribute to anthropomorphism but I don't think that that's inherently a bad thing and like I said, we're in, we are such social creatures we look for connection and everything and I think that there's a lot of moral panic that happens when people first get confronted with the idea of robot relationships because they're like, oh, that's gonna replace our human relationships and that's not how we solve loneliness I agree that that's not how we solve loneliness because robots can't replace humans but there's also, you know, the fact that people used to say the same thing about dogs when they started to be part of the American family where some psychologists were like, oh, you know this is sometimes these emotional attachments can be really unhealthy and they're gonna start replacing human relationships and well, that didn't really happen like we're not really worried about people getting pets because we understand that that's a supplemental relationship it doesn't take away from anything and if someone is lonely and they get a dog we're like, great, like, you know that might help you a little bit it's not gonna replace a human but we're not gonna take that away or say that we shouldn't give people dogs, right? Yeah, yeah and you know, my YouTube channel started out just purely like mental health and I had people on who had emotional support animals and everything like that that helped them with agoraphobia and trauma and you know, like so many things it's like nobody would argue that that is bad and kind of like you talked about just domesticating animals and I always say that like maybe I'm just like this technological like optimist, you know what I mean but I'm just like, no, because I used to have wicked social anxiety like me and you couldn't even have this conversation but I know people still struggle with that and maybe some kind of robot relationship or you know, some artificial intelligence that can help them start conversations and get some interaction can then be training wheels and to them, you know, going out so maybe I'm too optimistic, I don't know I mean, there's some really cool research on robots and autistic children like using this as a therapy tool not as a like replacement but as a facilitator of conversations and engagement and with some pretty cool results I do think there's like in the public discourse about this, there's two sides both of which I think are wrong so there's the moral panic side that's like, oh, all of this is bad we should definitely not do any of this which I'm like, I don't know like technology is a tool, it might be useful I agree that there are a lot of problems with how we currently develop and use technology and but you know, there might be some positive use cases to lean into here and then there's the other side that's like technology solutionism which is kind of, I mean there are some people saying oh, we have a loneliness epidemic let's solve that with robots that I think is also not the right direction to go in like this is not a solution to societal problems in fact, when it comes to robots we focus so much on the robots themselves whether it's to solve our problems or whether it's to pin our problems on them when really, there are a lot of issues that don't have anything to do with the robots and have more to do with how we've structured our economic system Yeah, yeah and I think that's a lot of it comes down to this black and white thinking and we gotta find that middle ground and the balance like balancing the benefits of robots while also maintaining human connection and one of my favorite analogies that I've now passed down to my son is just, we look at different things whether it's social media or technology we look at them as tools, right? Like a kitchen knife, my son and I, we love to cook and when you're using it properly you can make a pretty sweet meal but if you're not paying attention you chop your finger off, right? So it's like with robots and technology we find that balance like we take the good, right? When we kind of monitor it and feel it out but with this kind of fear of robots replacing us and I wanna get into some scary topics in a second but let's start with like human relationships so I was watching, I think a documentary and maybe like a vice thing like a few weeks ago or a month ago but it was either in China or Japan I believe but there's way more men than women. So sex robots are a lot more popular there, right? And some people were saying like, oh, this is just like an adaptation because there aren't enough mates. So you also see people obviously in the United States where there's plenty of men, there's plenty of women or whatever, like is this something that people are concerned about? Like building a connection with a robot and taking people out of the mating pool and then all of a sudden our population is gonna dwindle down to nothing and then aliens are gonna take over cause we don't have enough people or what? What's gonna happen? Well, I think you already put it quite well which is, what's the cause and effect here?  It might help you get over a hump or whatever it is. I don't know. I haven't actually seen any good sex robots out there. So people also overestimate like where the technology is but you can't like I maintain you cannot replace a human especially not with our current very, very primitive technology nor should we try to do that. That doesn't make any sense to me. These are usually political economics societal problems that we need to deal with and I don't think the robots hurt or help in any way. I think that they're a fun tool to use for other things. They're not gonna solve larger issues. Yeah, and it's interesting. There's people who have like married like inanimate objects and I think that what is there? There's like some show called like strange love and like some lady like married like a carnival ride and stuff like that. And I'm like, okay, maybe there are some people who would go that route but it's like a one-off occasion. I don't think this is like an epidemic that we're gonna run into. Like everybody's just dating sex robots now but here's something I would love for you to talk about because I keep seeing it pop up everywhere. And I think what your book was one of the first where I heard about it, The Uncanny Valley. Is that something like when you say people overestimate the technology and when people are like afraid that robots are gonna take over and replace humans. Can you kind of discuss what The Uncanny Valley is and then kind of your views on it and robots like replacing all these humans? Sure. Yeah, so The Uncanny Valley is kind of a design issue. It's a theory that a Japanese professor came up with a long time ago and it's been kind of it's still often very often thrown around in the robot design community. And The Uncanny Valley is that the more a robot looks like a human, like we will increasingly like it and then at some point if it gets too similar then it just like it dips and we become kind of creeped out by it. Yeah, we freak out, yeah. Yeah, anything that's too close but not what not exact is gonna freak us out. And there's studies that have like disputed this but it just, it keeps hanging on because there seems to be something to it, right? And I think it's about expectation management. So I think that one thing that's really clear in robotics is that if you create something that looks like a cat, for example, I have one at home, it's not here. There's this cat robot, when you watch it move you're expecting it to behave exactly like a cat. And the minute it makes a movement that doesn't look quite right or like meows in a different way, it breaks the illusion and you stop, you're no longer able to suspend your disbelief and just believe in this thing being alive. So I think it just kind of creeps people out because it's behaving in a slightly different way than they expected to. Whereas if you design something like a Roomba that's just a disc or I don't know even the baby dinosaur robot because no one has ever interacted with a baby Camarasaurus before, like it's much easier to just imagine that whatever movements it's doing, makes sense for it's being, you know. Yeah. And here's a weird random question. Do you like scary movies? I'm not trying to get all scream on you but do you watch like scary movies? I'm not a huge fan of scary movies but I will watch them. I wasn't until recently my girlfriend who's into all this horror got me into it. But when we're talking about this and you're talking about this kind of expectation and breaking the illusion, I'm wondering if that's what freaks people out about scary movies when you get something that's like getting all contortiony and like, is that kind of, do you think that's kind of similar? Oh, totally. That kind of messes us up. In fact, I think on the original on Canny Valley graph, zombies are an example, something that we find creepy because it's human-like but the zombies don't quite move like us. Yeah, yeah, I remember, I couldn't even watch the Michael Jackson thriller video. Like it, I was just like, nope, nope. People don't dance like that, you know? But yeah, I have a little bit more of your time and I want you to help me out. So I want to kind of get into, you know, just kind of the fear around where technology is going and all that. And I want to talk about AI. Like I've been a computer nerd my whole life but I don't know anything about programming or anything like that, right? But I personally feel like there's a lot of crazy fear around artificial intelligence and there's like books, like people are writing entire books.  We're like computational power just keeps and they think that just goes with anything that is technological. But like when I think about it and I love neuroscience, I absolutely love it. But when I think about the complexities of the human mind and human behavior, I'm sitting here, I'm like, it's gonna take thousands of years for anybody to get close to human intelligence. So tell me if I'm dumb or what your thoughts are on that because maybe I'm just doing this to not be freaked out. What are your thoughts? No, I think that most people who actually work in AI and actually are doing this research agree with you that we are nowhere even close to understanding how we would even be able to get to an artificial general intelligence. Right now, the artificial intelligence that we have is very narrow. People project more onto it than is there because it only works within very, very narrow constraints and it can do specific things really well. But as soon as you take it out of that context, an AI can't, I don't know, like I'm sitting here talking to you if something bursts into flames behind me, I know what to do. Like I know to leave and get the fire extinguisher and AI doesn't know that, right? So there's, I think there's some, it's almost this religious belief that we're gonna have this massive breakthrough and suddenly have beyond human intelligence. And it's not that we don't often have technological breakthroughs that people didn't anticipate or thought would take longer than they did, but it's just very unlikely that this is gonna happen in the way that people fear, given where we are with the state of the art technology. And I also, it's not clear to me that intelligence is linear. These people seem to assume that it's like, now it's like it has the intelligence of a newborn child. And then at some point it'll have like artificial super intelligence and like know how to outsmart us. And that's a lot of like projection of human-like intelligence onto something that's not human intelligence. When really like machines are already way smarter than us and doing calculations and whatnot. And then, yeah. And then we're way smarter than them. And like, oh God, I forget his name. The guy who runs the website pin board, he's like this, he comments on technology a lot and he's pretty funny.  So, or he's like, yeah, who's to say that artificial super intelligence wouldn't spend its days in like deep depression about the state of the universe or like worrying about artificial hyper intelligence. Or, you know, we don't really, we don't really know what super intelligence means. It seems like that's a fun problem to think about, but that it's getting a lot of attention. And I think that attention is very much influenced by science fiction and pop culture. It's like this constant recurring narrative that we are obsessed with, something coming to like outsmart us and replace us. Yeah, yeah, when I just really got into books, fun fact that I don't think even many of my listeners know, I didn't, I didn't read until I was like 32. Like I just didn't like books and I just started getting crazy about it. But the thing I got really into first was like human behavior and irrationality, right? And I love like Daniel Kahneman and just learning about like different heuristics and biases and all these things. And I don't know if that's helped me think about AI a little bit better because I'm like, if we don't fully even understand humans and how our brains work and our decision-making process is so terrible, like how many of us have friends that keep getting into terrible relationships or keep going after terrible jobs or keep buying stupid stuff, right? And now we expect people with that same irrationality and we see scientists like you probably, you don't have to name names but you probably work with people at MIT and you're like, what are you doing, right?  Like to me, I'm just like, I don't think so because to get something from point A to point B, even learning about self-driving cars and the tests that they do on those, I'm just like, oh, I don't think I have to worry about like a terminator extinction event anytime soon.  Yeah, it'll be absolutely. So anybody's listening, if the robot apocalypse comes, just take them to the ocean and we'll be good. And that's actually what I wanna talk to you about next is self-driving cars. So, and we don't even have enough time for all the questions. Let me see, let me prioritize this real quick. Okay, so we got self-driving cars, right? And we probably shouldn't beat them up because they're, you know, which would treat machines nice and all that, but segueing from our conversation about artificial intelligence and how smart it is, I'm curious where your thoughts are cause like Elon Musk asked like, we're gonna have like self-driving cars tomorrow and then the stock prices explode and all that. But in your book and some other books I've read, it doesn't seem like we're there, like we're close. And if we have time, I would also like to talk about like possible regulation and stuff like that. So as of right now, July 2021, where do you think we are with self-driving car technology? Yeah, I mean, we're not there yet. And the problem is really like, we've gotten a good part of the way there, but the problem is you have this really long tail at the end of unexpected things that can happen that machines just can't deal with yet. Like I keep seeing really funny ones happen. Like did you see, there was one going around recently where an automated vehicle was behind a truck that was delivering like stop lights. It had stop lights inside it and the car could somehow detect them. Like, or like a car will be behind a bus and there's like an ad printed on the bus and the ad has like a human on it. And so the car keeps stopping because it thinks someone's trying to cross the street. Like there's just so much stuff that like, and you have to teach the machine so much to, you know, for them to be able to deal with any unexpected situation. And the problem also with the cars is that, you know, there's so much human psychology that goes into that too in terms of people trusting them. Like maybe the cars are already safer than human drivers, but people don't trust them. People don't wanna put their kid in an automated vehicle and send them off to school by themselves. What if an accident happens? People freak out. Like we wait that way more. And then there's the psychology of handoffs within the car. So like there've already been some Tesla accidents where clearly the driver wasn't paying attention and Tesla's like, well, the driver always needs to pay attention because it's not, you know, fully autonomous. But like if the car is doing so much of the decision making, it's you cannot ask a human being to pay attention if the car is doing 90% of the work. It doesn't, our brains don't work that way. So there's a lot of complications. Yeah, and it's interesting too. Like, I, you know, I love data and statistics and stuff, even though a lot of it is like misleading and all that. And one of the primary arguments is here's how many accidents happen every year, but you get a self-driving car and that eliminates and, you know, it eliminates it. And a couple of weeks ago, I had, you know, famous skeptic Michael Shermer on here. I love skepticism and thinking things. And something that he says or like Steven Novella, when it comes to skepticism, when conspiracy theorists are like, oh, towers don't fall like that, like on 9-11. And then like the first question is, how would you know what a tower falls like? But I kind of translate that over to this data around like self-driving cars are gonna be safer. Like we've never had millions of self-driving cars on the road. We've never had millions of self-driving cars next to millions of normal people either, right? How do I know that, you know, when 50% of the cars are self-driving and people look and see nobody in the car, they're not just gonna swerve off the road and cause, you know what I mean? Like we just don't know. So I guess, you know, one of my last questions is, and not just self-driving cars, but like robots and technology. And I don't know if, you know, the ethical debate comes into it as well, but what are your thoughts on where we're at with regulation? Like I personally find it kind of crazy that a car company could be like, hey, we have cars that could drive themselves. And they're like, okay, we'll just put them on the road. You know what I mean? Like you can just do that. So what are your thoughts on regulation? Do you think that things are gonna be more regulated? If we start making like robot humanoids or pets or whatever, like how much, how much should the government be involved, especially since they don't know diddly about technology? Yeah, yeah, that's the main problem right there, right? I mean, so my friend Madeline Ellish is an anthropologist and she always says that when we talk about these technologies we need to stop saying deploy and start saying integrate because it prompts the question into what? Like you just said with the, you know, what happens if we have all autonomous cars or half autonomous cars? Like what happens around that to the behavior in the systems? And it's, so it's often like way more complex than just putting a technology into the world and letting it like do its thing. And I do think in terms of regulation, like there's been a lot of recognition recently that we need to be thinking about this more and we need to be, you know, whether that's, you know, the impacts of AI on the workforce, whether that's regulation for automated vehicles and drones, whether that's, you know, consumer protection issues in privacy and data collection. There's so many issues happening right now, biased AI. It's huge, huge, right?  And it has to go both ways. You have regulators to be talking to people developing the technology too, which I didn't used to believe. And I believe now because standards get set in technology and the design process early on. So I think that we just need way more cross-pollination and it needs to happen sooner rather than later because, you know, while we aren't very far with developing artificial super intelligence, we are already, you know, deploying or integrating a lot of these AI technologies in the world right now that we need to be thinking more deeply about. Yeah, yeah. Something I've really been interested in lately too is like we were talking like the biases in algorithms and AI and like, I've been reading a lot about that. And I'm like, like there's a book, a great book, Algorithms of Oppression and stuff like that or even Weapons of Math Destruction, just phenomenal books.   Like me being like a left leaning liberal, it's not gonna be like, hey, you wanna check out this Fox News article? It's just not gonna do that. It wants to keep me on the platform and all that. But yeah, I get concerned because I've only really watched like the hearings when they're like talking to like Mark Zuckerberg or like Jack Dorsey.  Like they don't even understand how social media works.  So yeah, it's all really interesting. I wish I could just keep you here all day. But I'm gonna let you go, but before I let you go, where can people get the book? Where can people find you? And is there anything else cool that you're working on that we should stay tuned about? So the book, I don't know, any retailer, I don't wanna promote the major ones, but obviously the book is there. The New Breed is what it's called. And then you can find me on Twitter is probably the best way to find me, grok underscore. And I am really, my maternity leave ended today, but I'm back in the lab in the fall and we have some experiments that we're already cooking up that I don't know, I can't say too much about yet, but I'm really excited about. That's really cool. And before I let you go, I have one question that I've been trying to figure out since I was aware of your existence. What does your Twitter name mean, grok underscore? So I used to have the original grok without the underscore and then Twitter removed it because I didn't use the account enough way back in the early days of Twitter. Grok is from a science fiction novel, Stranger in Strange Land. It's actually not a very, I actually don't like Heinlein that much, but I've always loved this word. It's a Martian word that means to drink is the literal translation, but it means to understand something fully and completely. I love it. I love that so much. That's amazing. Yeah, I will link Kate's social media and the new breed down below. So everybody follow and get a copy of the book. Kate, thank you so much. And I feel honored that your first day back from maternity leave and you spent your time with me. I appreciate that. But thank you so much for coming on. Oh, thank you for making my first day back so much fun. Absolutely.


Yo, we live It's just the lighting the lighting. Yeah, I gotta get it behind the window. Oh It's working there we go. Yeah Tea dub, where's he at? Here he comes There he is T double up. Yeah remote. How's it now? It should be good, right? I was I was messing with it for a little bit, but it should be good now. Let me know should be smooth Throwing with the audio up tea dubs in the green. That's tea right there. He's a judge love baby I hope it's not. I hope it's working well It's good Oh That a boy CJ what's inside thoughts on that controversial decision That's what I wanted Sorry, hey, I'm on Steven's thing right now. Hi. This is Steve's thing You want to see Steven's thing on your thing now it's things up For you But they were hot Yeah, he's gonna have to check a bag I wasn't here


Hey friends and welcome back to part 2 of the setup of this faux bonichie with my girl Anika at Anika's creative plan. So we're setting up, I left this in here because I was trying to find videos on how to make this work. I don't want you all to see because I had, well, I did a little practice. It's not a spread. It's just a little practice and I use a little bonichie kit. And it's not bad, not bad, but it's just a little practice. So I'm going to make, let me take this out. Let me get some paper here. So I hope you all like the setup. I'm going to grab two pieces. So being that it is May we're going to start in May. So this is what I've decided to do because trying to find, and now I did see a nice setup. I can't remember her name, but it was the month on one page. I wanted the month on two pages because that's pretty much how I can kind of pre-plan. But I'm not certain that I'm going to use this every day at the moment because I do love my B6. And I'm trying to find some plan a piece and who knows it may be here. So I got these two pieces of paper out because the other side I'm thinking. So I'm really just kind of planning this off the top of my head. This is going to say May. I'm going to use this here. Outline this, say May, and then like, you know, kind of a glance and some goals and some things like that. And then the next part could be a possible spread. We'll just see. So what am I going to do? Because like I said, I just didn't really, I couldn't find anything that I was that interest me or that needs, you know, like kind of what I wanted. Like I said, and I'm not familiar with this, but I'm all going to seasonal. First, let me make sure I got this right. Yeah, let it be like that. Let me draw these lines first. I think that should be first. And I'm going to use, I want it to be kind of centered a little bit up. Now I'm going to just fill in the numbers with these. I was going to write those in, but I'm going to fill those in. And I'm going to do something into the fun florals. And I'm going to put my highlighters in my thing, which is this side. I don't know why I looked at that extra page. Let's see. This pen is bleeding, but it's okay. We're going to work with it. And where's my little ruler? I just got. So while I'm waiting on this to kind of draw a little bit. I'm going to, is it straight? Okay. While we're going to let it dry a little bit, I'm going to add some more florals. Look how pretty that is. It's coming along right fine there. Let's just add some fun, fun stuff here. I wonder if that one would be able to kind of find like some lettering, which I know that I have. I just think I'm just going to write it in. I know I have something that says goals. Let me look in color story right quick. You know, it's when you're not looking for something. You can find it. Excuse me. Look at this show. It don't quite match my flowers, but I love that. Okay. That's my hand lettering. That is on my to-do list. So this completes my monthly setup. I have May, some nice florals, my goals and ideas. I'm going to, while I have it, let me, let me put, I think I'm just going to use the dots. Well, we have the dots. Let me just do the dots here. I think I could get more out of it. And I'm going to use this pen instead of that other one because that other one was bleeding. You know what? I'm not even going to do that. I just had a, let's see. I saw something and I need a positive, I feel like I need a positive quote. I just found that I'm going to put something there, maybe a positive quote. And I'm going to use this quote. Put it right over top of there. Life is good. Now we're done. Let's pop it in and see how it looks. Also, I got some tabs I need to add that I didn't add in yesterday's video. So now I can measure. I think I like this, this one here. Let's see where our other one is sitting. So now we can put this one over here. So we're all set up for May. Okay. I'm loving it. I may be using this. I'm excited. So that's that. So this is a quick flip through. Have this one. And then we have meal plans here in the back and just rip them out. And I need to do one of those actually. Okay. Thank you all so much for watching. I hope this video wasn't too long. And I hope you enjoyed me and Anika's collab. I know I had fun filming it. I was so excited to do it that I put a lot of my other things, my other plan with me videos on hold. Just so I can get this out for you all. Again, thank you all so much for watching. And I will see you in my next video. Please, if you are not subscribed to Anika's channel, please go by, hit the subscribe button, hit the notification bell, and let her know that I sent you. She does Hobonichi, the regular Hobonichi. She has the Fobonichi now. She does Erin Condren. Yes, she has the Erin Condren daily and I think she does the monthly. And she just did a really awesome video using a budget kit on her channel for her Hobonichi week. So if you have a Hobonichi, definitely go check her out. Thanks again for watching. Bye.