It is my great privilege and pleasure to welcome you all to this very special inaugural function of the two-week IST workshop on solar photovoltaics, which is under the NME's ICT and co-sponsored by MHRE Government of India and the MNRE. We have a very tight schedule today, so I'll now request Professor Chaitan Solanki, PI, NCPRE and also one of the co-ordinators for this course to welcome you all formally. Good morning all of you.  It is my indeed pleasure to welcome you all. Honorable Minister Dr. Farooq Abdullah, Ms. Vibhapuri Das, Secretary, Higher Education and MHRE, Sri G. B. Pradhan, Secretary, MNRE, Professor, Director, IIT Bombay, Professor Fatak, Professor Kannan, Professor Fernandez, faculty members from IIT Bombay, co-ordinators at remote center, teachers and participants at remote center. On behalf of IIT Bombay, I welcome you all in this inaugural function of teacher thousand teachers program on solar photovoltaic. In order to sustain high growth rate in India, one of the key requirement is availability of the manpower, and this is even more so when it comes to the solar photovoltaic. Our Prime Minister has launched Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission with the objective to install 20,000 megawatt of solar power in India by year 2022, and in order to achieve this, there is a need for about 100,000 trained manpower at various levels in the field of solar. Political efforts have been taken to meet this goal and setting up the National Center for Photovoltaic Research and Education at IIT Bombay was one such action taken by Ministry of New and Renewable Energy in 2010, October. We really thank Minister and Secretary MNRE for supporting the center in full way. In order to achieve the target of quality manpower training under the national solar mission, within a specified time a scalable model was required, and a scalable model that is a teacher thousand teachers method could not have come from anybody else than Prasad D. B. Fatak. So, Prasad Fatak, thank you very much for starting that. So, in this teacher thousand teachers model, the lectures is given from one location and received simultaneously at many centers across the country. This particular teacher thousand teachers training program is focused on solar photovoltaics. The title of this course is Solar Photovoltaics Fundamentals, Technologies and Applications. As the name suggests, the course is designed to give a broad skill set on photovoltaic technology including the physics behind it, manufacturing of the technology, the power electronics, solar radiation, PV system design, etcetera. The planning of this training has started almost a year back in January 2011. And we have organized two workshops to come to this level. One workshop was in April on a theory part of this course and one workshop on the, in the September on the experimental side of this course. The lectures of about 40 hours covering the range of topics will be delivered from IT Bombay and will be received at remote centers using an interactive two-way web based software called Aview. Besides theory, it is important to get the hands on experience by conducting the experiments and in order to enable this, IT Bombay has designed a prototype laboratory kit which is useful for characterization of cells, modules and various other PV system. So, together with this kit, we have also provided a PV lab training manual, a CD containing videos on how to conduct this experiments. We have also provided a book on photovoltaics. So, overall it is a very solid package on solar photovoltaic training for teachers and with this effort, we hope that we will be able to deliver quality education and training on photovoltaics. So, there are about 35 remote center with registered participant about 30 to 50 at each center. In total 1500 teachers have registered, but after doing the due diligence, we have allowed 1230 teachers to attend this workshop. These teachers will represent more than 200 colleges across the country and in order to keep this 200 colleges engaged in solar PV activity, after this course, we have proposed a laboratory kit to all interested colleges for which a ministry has already given in principle approval and we thank MNRI for the same once again. At the end, organizing a training program of this scale is only possible by the contribution of many, many people in the institute. So, first of all, I would like to thank Professor Fatak and Professor Kanan for initiating and continuing this 1000 teachers training program. Professor Arora has played a very key role in developing and designing the laboratory kit. The great amount of work has been done by Dr. Mukta and her team. Our project staff Seema Gaurav has been constantly working on this organization of this event. And most importantly, Professor Vashi has initiated this for NCPRE and started this link and his passionate and inspirational guidance is always with us to take the event to a very high level. So, in all, I want to thank all of you who has supported and helped to organize this conference and brought us to this level. All the coordinators who have done excellent job at each remote center in the last couple of days, I have called almost everybody and I was, I got a pleasant surprise that everybody was enthusiastically busy in organizing this event. So, many thanks to all the coordinators at the remote center. I hope all the participants will have the fruitful learning time during the next 10 days. Thank you all. I now request Professor D.B. Fatak to say a few words about the teacher 1000 teachers and in the process we'll also be visiting a remote center. Ms. Pradhan, Prosa Kakkar, Chaitan, colleagues present here and colleagues attending from remote centers. I also have a job to revisit the time schedule and bring it back on time. So I'll spend very little time, Chaitan has already mentioned about this program. We started it about four years ago under the ages of national mission for education using ICT. This program is spearheaded by Mr. Sinha in MHRD. The erstwhile secretary Mr. Agarwal and Mr. Sinha had a presentation from us. Subsequently, Ms. Vibhapuridas has been spearheading this effort. We are very proud to have conducted already more than seven workshops. This is the earth one in the series and we propose to continue engaging thousands of teachers using a blended mode of personal interaction with usage of remote facilities for two-way interaction on audio and video. I only remember what honorable minister for higher education for MHRD Mr. Kapil Sibbal said once while interacting with 1000 teachers that why should we limit this only to training teachers in engineering colleges. This can definitely be used to train teachers in schools and colleges. We are working on that and we would hopefully be expanding this model in the next plan to a much larger number of teachers across schools and colleges to cover. I would like to take this opportunity to thank the minister for HRD, the secretaries and the others for for permitting us to take up this very important initiative and to take it to the fruition. With this I would like to go over to one of the remote centers to have a very brief interaction with the participant. Amal Jyoti College of Engineering, you are seeing a participating center Amal Jyoti College of Engineering in Kerala. May I request someone from there to make a brief comment please for a minute. If the coordinator is there, over to you. Yes sir, we have made all the arrangements clear and the participants almost are in. Few more are yet to arrive. Okay, thank you so much. I would now like to request our director, Prasadevan Khakkar to give his welcome address. Mr. Farooq Abdullah, Honorable Minister for New and Renewable Energy. Ms. Vivaapuri Das, Secretary of Higher Education. Mr. Jeevi Pradhan, Secretary MNRE, Professor Fatah, Professor Solanki, Professor Vasi in the audience and distinguished colleagues, all participants in this program. Ladies and gentlemen, it's really a pleasure for me to welcome you to the inauguration of this workshop on solar photovoltaics. I see this workshop at the confluence of two great national missions of this country. One is the Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission and the second, the National Mission on Education using information and communication technology. The workshop will provide an intensive exposure to about 1200 teachers using the tools of modern communication and the infrastructure that has been set up through the National Mission on Education using ICT. The logistics of actually getting 1200 participants to IIT Bombay would have been prohibitive and also with so many teachers coming out of their colleges to this institute would have really disrupted their own schedules significantly. So, really using ICT has made the interaction easy and also cost effective. I don't think we could have conducted such a course for so many participants so easily as we can do using the tools of ICT and really I must compliment the team at IIT Bombay led by Professor D. B. Fatak to actually develop all the intricacies of doing this kind of intensive course which involves 40 hours of lectures, experiments and so forth to be able to run these remotely I think is a feat and really the team deserves congratulations. A second point that is very important is that here the focus is on teachers. I think this is a very important focus since the information is being transmitted to teachers who will in turn transmit this to the students generation after generation. So, in a sense by teaching a thousand teachers we are effectively teaching farm or students. I am sure that this particular program which is related to solar photovoltaics will in fact contribute significantly to the training of the required manpower in solar photovoltaics. I would like to mention that IIT Bombay is committed strongly to research and education in both the national missions and of course this is also a very good place to acknowledge the very generous support that we have received from MNRE and MHRD for these programs. The support has enabled setting up of the required research facilities and has coalesced large groups of faculty to work collaboratively in research which is related to the national missions. I think having these facilities has really brought together a large number of faculties and in fact because of this there is a synergistic effect as compared to faculty working individually. Besides the research we also have a strong training component and really the one that I am most excited about is the training at the PhD level. We have a large cohort of PhD students who are working on problems related to solar energy in different departments and we have a new program, a new PhD program on educational technology which is contributing to research in how we can use ICT in education. Students graduating from these programs will themselves become teachers, will become researchers in areas which are of great importance to the nation currently. Finally, I would like to wish all the participants a very enlightening and exciting time in the weeks ahead. I am sure all of you will learn many new things and also make many new friends. I am happy that you have made this first connection with IIT Bombay and I hope that you will all continue the contacts that you make through this workshop. I would like to end by saying that it is really a privilege. I feel that it is a privilege for me to be here and I welcome all of you again. I am sure that this program will have a significant impact on the nation's progress in this important area of solar photovoltaics. Thank you. Thank you very much sir. We will now move over to Delhi from where Ms. Vibhapuri Das, Secretary Higher Education MHRD will address the gathering. Good morning. I am really delighted. Prof. Khakar, Prof. Patak, Dr. Parukap Dulla, Dr. Pradhan, I am really delighted to be with you this morning and all of the remote centres listening to this program from different parts of the country. It is really exciting to be part of this journey and to join in this inaugural function. First of all, my heartiest congratulations to Prof. Patak, Prof. Khakar and the entire team and Prof. Kanan is sitting here with us. It is a real excellent beginning to what we need in this country of collaboration. Collaboration is the game of the game both within the NMEI city and as Prof. Khakar just said amongst the two national missions and apart from energy which we need in abundant measure, I think from the point of view of education we need a large number of do-ables, expanding GER, expanding the number of teachers, increasing and enhancing the quality of teachers, enhancing problem solving abilities in the remote areas. For all of this, the national mission and education through ICT is making these significant and revolutionary efforts to reach different parts of the country at the same time. I think this 1000 teacher training program which is funded through this mission will be one of the flagship schemes which will deliver scalability as well as quality to distant locations. I would like at this stage to brief you a little bit about what the NMEI city has already achieved. The most significant achievement as you are aware is that all 1200 odd teachers from different parts are here watching a program and participating in it together. The national program for technology enabled learning which was started as part of the NMEI city has already developed content in 240 core subjects. It is a phenomenal repository of excellent course material which is offered now across the country and in fact across the world. We are very proud of the fact that the IIT system has helped develop BTECH programs of five engineering disciplines and using these courses it is possible to run the entire BE degree program in civil, electrical, electronics and mechanical engineering. And now efforts are on to develop another 900 courses. Similarly in the other segment we have requested the consortium of education communication and inter university center of the UGC to develop 100 courses in topics in the subject of history, communications, liberal arts, etc. UGC itself is coordinating creation of science courses at undergraduate and postgraduate levels. These courses are now being developed with the help of college professors. My request to all the teachers participating in this program that you should not only be participants in receiving the program but also in creating it and delivering it. Since these programs are being conceived off on a free of charge mode, I expect that this should become a part of a very major revolution in the country in making available quality learning materials to different parts. The thousand teacher training program is an important component of the talk to teacher project. It charges excellent professors with the responsibility of sharing education material and also instructional methodologies with about thousand teachers and I am happy that it is not just thousand, it is even much more than thousand. It allows all participants to share their content, their problem sets, their question papers and projects with everyone else. The resulting repository is expected to be an exhaustive source of information for all learners. This program has already yielded rich dividends. It has confirmed that technology can be used to reach out to people who are normally left out and we are very happy that many more women and many more teachers from rural and remote areas have been able to join this program than would have been possible as Professor Khakhar said if the program was being run in IIT Bombay itself. I am very happy that this program has already been developed and has been conducted in the subjects of C programming, databases, thermodynamics, basic electronics and open source software. I am delighted to know that Professor Patak will be organizing a 10,000 teacher training program on research methodologies to be taught by professors of IIT Madras and IIT Bombay. I would like Professor Patak and his team to also share this know-how with others who would like to launch similar programs. I think this effort at collaboration must be expanded in concentric circles to reach larger and larger volumes as well as larger and larger paradigms. In other areas also like science, commerce, linguistics, arts, there is scope for using this technology. Also IIT professors have been the major creators of the content so far. As I said in the UGC system we are testing other institutions and professors and teachers from other institutions. I certainly think that it is time now that we should explore even in the areas of science and technology teachers and learners from other institutions to also collaborate in the making of the program. The program Ask a Question which is also a part of the talk to a teacher project has now completed 40 sessions. This is truly exciting and I hope as part of this program the teachers who are participating will be able to give their feedback on how useful and how productive they found this program because the 40 sessions having been conducted and the questions of students in diverse disciplines already having been answered I am sure there is already a large body of experience as well as excitement. The other team that has already been part of this exciting endeavor is the team of A-View Software through the agency of which we are talking to each other today and we are having the benefit of moving through this web-enabled technology. The software development and deployment has been assisted and funded by the National Mission and I would expect that all colleges and universities participating today will be able to use this technology themselves. I know that with the one GBPS bandwidth now available to all universities and progressively to all colleges the potential for deploying technology has expanded exponentially. I will also like to talk to you about the new low-cost computing device which has recently been launched called AKAS which is here which is what I am holding before you and this is my colleague Shri Anke Sinha and colleagues from other collaborating departments have helped in creating this and he has already written to vice-chancellors and heads of academic institutions to get feedback on the number of units that they desire and I will request you to also in turn request the head of your institution to respond to this invitation. Through AKAS we will be making a large number of open-source software systems such as SyLab and Python available to you. This will be useful for students and for teachers. We are using spoken tutorials to popularize the software system through self-learning workshops numbering more than 100 every month. Through AKAS all educational material developed through NMEI CT will become even more accessible and glad that training provided through technologies and education methodologies conceived in the MHRD are helping produce professionals in niche areas such as new and renewable energy. We look forward to much more collaboration in future and I wish this program and the programs at IIT Bombay tremendous success. Thank you so much for being with me and allowing me to be part of this program. Thank you very much madam for those encouraging words. With this there is a slight change in the schedule since the honorable minister is required to reach Pardia in time. Mr Pradhan has kindly agreed to speak at the end of the session. I will now take you over to Delhi for the inaugural address by Dr. Farooq Abdullah honorable minister of new and renewable energy. Let me see if I can go over to Delhi. Good morning honorable minister. All the people here and in Delhi and about 1200 teachers await your inaugural talk sir. Over to you. Thank you. Mr. Pradhan, Secretary MNRE, Madam Puri, Professor Kakkar, Professor Patak, ladies and gentlemen. Good morning to all of you. I am happy to know that IIT Bombay has organized a training program for the teachers and I congratulate the IIT team for doing so. Jawaharlal mission, solar mission was basically conceived in I think in 2006. But over the years there were certain changes that were brought about in this and finally it came two years ago and we started working on Jawaharlal solar mission. This mission is basically to produce 20,000 megawatts of solar power by 2022 and the first phase which will be completed by 2013 will have 1300 megawatts of power out of which 1100 will be grid connected and the other villages and things like this. By the second phase will be up to 2017 which would be another 4000 megawatts and the final phase will be completed by 2022 which means we will have 20,000 megawatts of power. This is under Jawaharlal Nero mission. Now one of the most important things is that we need people and what you have done today is to really stimulate this for our teachers who will be the very fundamental base of the future of developing this energy and I think I congratulate all of you who have put this in place. Now several policy initiatives have been announced by the ministry which include provincial tariff for solar power through regulators, innovative policy of bounding of solar power with conventional thermal power to reduce the burden of distribution companies, bidding for tariff, discounting to select projects and impose bids, bounds to avoid adventurous bids, amendment to national tariff policy to introduce solar specific renewable purchase obligation, solar specific renewable energy certificates, concessions in customs and excise duty for grid solar power projects, refinancing to NABAD and other banks to provide loans to consumers at 5% annual interest rate and 30% to 90% subsidy for users depending on geographical locations and grant support for research. I must tell you all, it wasn't easy to convince the banks that this is workable and I must also give you the good news. We started with this at 18 rupees per unit then it came down to nearly 11 rupees when the last bidding was done and the final bidding we did for the first phase some weeks ago it came down to 8 rupees and one bidder gave us 7 rupees 50 paisa and we are very happy and I am glad to tell you and my secretary will brief you on this later that we hope to bring it down to 5.5 rupees soon because what is important is that we want more factories to come up so that more production is done of this and more utilization can be done because I can tell you 40% of our country still does not have energy and many of our villages do not even know what a lamp looks like and here is an energy that God has given us free and we need to utilize this sun energy for the betterment of the people and in this we all can work together and I am happy to know that all of you have joined in and I am grateful to Madam Puri also that the higher education ministry of government of India is also doing a major role in developing our skilled people because that is what we need most because many of these things will come but unless you have skilled people to operate them in most difficult areas it will be very difficult to say that we have achieved success ministry has also initiated a process of selection and our 350 megawatts batch 2 during 2011-12 by now about 147 megawatts capacity grid solar power projects have been commissioned in the country under various schemes it is expected that by March 2012 about 400 megawatts capacity projects will be commissioned in the country in the area of upgrade solar by now more than 67 megawatts capacity projects have been sanctioned which is expected to give 100 megawatts by March 2013 about 5 million square meter solar thermal collectors area is also initiated by now in order to obtain quality radiation data for solar thermal projects 51 new radiation data monitoring centers have been set up by the ministry besides the centers already operated by I am I am D to encourage quality research and solar energy my ministry has set up 5 centers of excellence the national center for previous research and education at Bombay IIT even of our major centers we have also announced another center in solar thermal at IIT Jodhpur Rajasthan a total of 36 research projects are under implementation this includes several projects involving industry and industry academia partnership for the success of all our programs we need trained and that is where you all come in we need trained qualified manpower we have announced fellowships we have also decided to have chair at the premier institutions my ministry will give you all the help that you need but we need you and particularly the teachers that are listening to me to work hard if you want to make India strong what we need is power and unless we give power to our villages we will never build a happy India and that is where we all work together let us hope that this what you have started today really grows into a big movement which will help us in achieving our object God bless you all God bless our nation Jai Hind Thank you very much sir and now I request Sri G.V. Pradhan secretary ministry for new and renewable energy to please address the category Honourable minister for new and renewable energy Dr. Farukh Abdullah my colleague and friend Ms. Vibhapuri Das director of IIT Mumbai and Dr. Kharkar Dr. Patak the entire team they are all professors here so collectively all professors and doctors who are on the team thank you very much I will try and manage my time because I think we have overshot the allotted time that was given friends you have heard director IIT Mumbai you have heard the secretary HRD and the Honourable Minister for new and renewable energy let me just make a few points first the ministry of new and renewable energy is partnering with IIT Mumbai on this very important research and development and education program on solar photovoltaic and we consider it a privilege Dr. Kharkar that the ministry is in partnership with you within a very short while I think the program was kicked off in 2010 and by 2011 you are delivering a training program which is addressing more than 1200 teachers from colleges all over India which I think is a fantastic thing the second point that I'd like to emphasize is the synergy between the two missions the one that secretary HRD was referring to and the Jawaharlal Nehru Sona mission that the MNRE is doing the synergy that's coming up because of this is I think another thing which is indeed unique and should take both programs forward in substantial manner the third message I'd like to give you an obviously the fact that you are there in such large numbers and have registered for this program shows how you view solar photovoltaic as far as we are concerned we think that solar photovoltaic is going to revolutionize energy access for a large part of our population it has tremendous scope it has tremendous diversity and the amount of play that can take place with innovation and imagination is terrific and therefore we consider this to be a very important element of our mission on solar energy in fact the minister had mentioned the rapid decline that has met our various attempts at auctioning megawatt capacity on solar and let me tell you that it was just a matter of two years and the grid connected tariffs have come down to less than half so this is tremendous news for the future this is tremendous hope and we'd like not only the teachers but the students whom they are going to teach because I understand that 1200 of you would then at least teach 20 to 30 students and within a short while we'd have this young group working on solar and that's what's really exciting about this program I'd like to once again not take too much time I'd like to once again thank the IIT Mumbai this visit of mine to the modern temple and I'm sure that all of you look upon IIT Mumbai as that has been a tremendous eye-opener and the partnership I'm sure on the research and development side also will progress in a similar fast pace the important thing is that we don't have much time we are relatively late comers to this scene as of 2009 we had only two megawatts of grid connected solar power today we have 147 megawatts and we intend to take that to almost 1100 by March 2013 and then 20,000 by 2022 so we time is of the essence so that's something that I would again like to flag for the consideration of the team in IIT Mumbai thank you very much I give you all my best wishes and trust that you will gain a lot from this program thank you very much thank you very much sir now I'd like to invite Professor Fernandez who is co-PI for NCPRE and also one of the course coordinators for this workshop on solar photovoltaics to come up and propose the vote of thanks good morning to all of you in fact Chetan has already done my job nevertheless I'll do it again on behalf of IIT Bombay I would like to thank Dr. Farouk Abdullah, Honorable Minister for Renewable Energy for inaugurating this teacher 1000 teachers course I'm confident that his address to 130 teachers in 35 centers across the country will motivate them to start new initiatives in solar energy at their colleges so that it reaches the common man I also thank Shri Pradhan, Secretary Mnari, Srimati, Viva Pridhas, Secretary, Higher Education, M.H.R.D. for participating in this unique inter ministry collaboration thanks also to Professor Kakkar and Professor Pardak for speaking to the teachers and sharing their insight I thank the coordinators of the remote center for their efforts finally special thanks to teacher 1000 teachers team and NCPRE team for who have worked long hours to make this course a reality thank you one and all I'm sorry for butting in but there are three very important people who need to be thanked additionally you don't see them here I will first name the three people in the order of merit Professor Zuzer Wasi who conceptualized the whole synergy between the two of us may I request Professor Zuzer could you please raise your hand let me tell you it was not easy when we brainstormed because our original mandate was to address core courses in engineering whereas by no stretch of imagination a photovoltaic cell is currently a core course my brain wave suggested that we could define it as a future core course it was universally agreed between my own faculty colleagues and thanks to M.H.R.D. for agreeing that but without Zuzer's initiative and his constant perseverance of everything this would not have happened my personal thanks Zuzer the second person is in absentia his name is Dr. Kamal Bijlani he works for Amruta University and the AVU software that we are using so effectively has been a brainchild of Kamal and has been the result of dedicated efforts about 150 people working quietly in the Amruta precincts of course supported by my friend Professor Venkat Rangan the Vice Chancellor the third is a large number of my own colleagues in this institute who made this kind of thing possible and the support that we get the unstinted support that we get is led by our director Professor Devan Kakkar so I would like to personally thank him I would also like to additionally mention a large number of my faculty colleagues from non-computer science departments particularly from mechanical engineering departments these are the people who realizing perhaps the importance and possibility of reaching out to thousands of teachers were the first ones and the maximum number of courses are being conducted under this program of course there are people from other departments but from the mechanical engineering department so my personal thanks to them and also to the offices of various deans and others without whose active support this would not have been possible needless to add the department of computer science entirely stands behind us led by Professor Amitabh Sanyal is not here I am thankful to all of them thank you so much


It's going on everybody got Kyle here relating sports cards and Jake and Shawn and we are ripping one last box today It's gonna be for Steven. Mr. Steven. Oh, we got one box of 2022 one football. Good luck. Mr. Steven Let's see what we got and mark your Market there. All right 2022 one football. Let's do it Steven La Porta Oh No, I saw questionable on him and I was like no way that would be awesome He is awesome. Not bad there. We got a George Pickens on our RPA. That was gonna be a three-color patch To 149 on the Pickens Yeah, I can put it back in the box Steven. That's fine. I can do that Nice one there for you my man to 149. Mr. Pickens. Yeah, that's a little bit better out of than his usual You know he just signs a actual circle Little bit better there on the Pickens To 149 and I got you Steven put it right back in the box for you. Alrighty, sir And that'll do it for you. Mr. Steven get that right out to my man


By that a wrong piece Not get back out And a victory for the killer threes last week Here's quite Davis nice touch Screams set by Powell for Anderson Anderson over Davis But see that's a prime example now with Nancy telling her team not to switch So now you have big baby. Let's go. I think it's important to understand to get We got ultra talented guys on the court former NBA player See a block shot by Quinn making his presence felt another layup So the thought process 50 wins the game must win by to his presence fell That a world case brings it back out He puts up a three short and Nancy once Tina was pouring his guys to go to the hole because now you can get in the penalty Miguetti nice touch And I think it's important that you understand 10-point lead they scored the last 10 points Allen Anderson over Over Charles Oakley and the killer threes There's big baby Okay, he hit one do I really go out and go I don't get scared. Oh, okay All right, I know you did I think that Chris Anderson has a future as an actor in horror films a seven-foot Bearded Alongside yourself and prison break He would be fantastic Him and Gary Payton Off the top ahead and Scalabrini as a comedic actor. There's a lot of talent behind in front of the skin I would like to see Chris Anderson. I can fasten the furious as one of the drivers Now just for me I Hitch a three 28 points away from a victory Pro-season first In the big three Well the formula is not that hard to figure it out if you share the basketball success will come You will be able to get easy baskets in this is the perfect way for this power team To win the game because they play so unselfish all season all pass could have had a shot But you know what my team made up for a better one and bird man can finish as well as anybody


One other frequent error must be mentioned here. The illusion, namely, that love means necessarily the absence of conflict. Just as it is customary for people to believe that pain and sadness should be avoided under all circumstances, they believe that love means the absence of any conflict. The conflicts of most people are actually attempts to avoid the real conflicts. They are disagreements on minor or superficial matters which by their very nature do not lend themselves to clarification or solution. Real conflicts between two people, those which do not serve to cover up or to project, but which are experienced on the deep level of inner reality to which they belong, are not destructive. They lead to clarification. They produce a catharsis from which both persons emerge with more knowledge and more strength. Love is possible only if two persons communicate with each other from the center of their existence, hence if each one of them experiences himself from the center of his existence. Only in this central experience is human reality. Only here is aliveness. Only here is the basis for love. Love, experienced thus, is a constant challenge. It is not a resting place, but a moving, growing, working together. Even whether there is harmony or conflict, joy or sadness is secondary to the fundamental fact that two people experience themselves from the essence of their existence, that they are one with each other by being one with themselves rather than by fleeing from themselves. There is only one proof for the presence of love, the depth of the relationship, and the aliveness and strength in each person concerned. This is the fruit by which love is recognized.


Sometimes you have to give credit to a team and they get really hot, but I think we just gave them a couple you know He's too easy of looks to begin But I think it's it. I think it's I think it's in It's hard to put one thing to it. Honestly, it's hard to put one thing to it But I'm honest. We just got to be better. We got to be better. We got to find a way learn how to Make teams do things they don't want to do is one of the key things to defense in this league Because your reality of it is in the NBA guys are really good and they can score you let them get to their spots They're gonna score all day. You let them shoot the shots. They want they'll score all day. So we just Just got to continue to get better man continue to chip away and learn and grow and use these as lessons You know, sometimes you just got to go through things I'm just got to go through them head first and you know Live with these results and and go back to the drawing board and you know be better from it I really think the main thing is gonna be just defensively I think that first game against Philly was really solid So it's it's you know, it's just shows you that nothing's ever a perfect process you know and just I Think there's times against Atlanta against Milwaukee even tonight where we were doing what we wanted to do in defense and and you know Playing the way we wanted to play Like I said before I sound like a broken record But if we continue to cut down on on those those bad stretches cut down on those runs that these other teams are making on It's just it's chunk You know as chunks of game where you pull that pull that out then it's a different story but when we learn to manage that better when we learn to Communicate guard Understand better which we will The results will be a little different It's a little bit of everything and sometimes these these things are hard to verbalize in just a couple sentences here We got to go back dig into the film see exactly what is going on See exactly where our rotations need to be and like I said when those become second nature the defense looks different And you know, it's I know that it's tough. I know it's tough I know there's been a lot of points. We've allowed these last couple games, but I still Believe in this group. I still think we have the town I still think we have the defensive capabilities to be where we need to be and You know, I I speak for myself But I also think I speak for the whole team and that we're gonna attack this thing head-on and continue to work To be where we got to be What do you mean by issues You know the main objective is to stop the other team from putting the ball in the basket And there's a lot of different ways to accomplish that. There's a lot of different ways And I just think you know the more we play together the more we understand each other Just naturally the better will become like I said I feel like there are stretches of the game where we're doing what we need to do doing what we're supposed to do and We're getting out in transition and playing fast and playing free So I think that'll take care of itself. It's so it's so stretches that we need to Look back and understand why they're happening. What's going on? What type of shots are the other teams getting and I think in doing that, you know We might find a trend over these past couple games on this is how teams are getting going and maybe just putting more effort into Understanding how a team can go on to a run and and and you know defending them accordingly Tonight they got guys hitting threes across the board And we're caught in rotations so some some part of it is just stepping up and guarding and being better with that that is that is for sure but You know, they were they're a little too comfortable and you can't let a team get too comfortable You know what we're competitors, so is it's it there is an element of Suck to it where it's just like man, we don't want to go out and lose ever like everybody feels it Everybody feels it deep. We're sitting on the bench You can you can feel that there it's an it's an unsettled feeling because we want to be better Because we know we can be better because we know we have the talent in our room to be better But I think that's just gonna motivate us to attack these these days You know, we're talking in a locker room and It's gonna it's it's we accept the fact that it's gonna be different You know, some teams are hitting their stride finding their playoff push and you know, we're we're Learning each other in a way, but I think we're just gonna have to to bear down and and and Figured out together and like I said, I mean I've There is a sense of enjoyment and playing with this group, you know It's guys that I'm you know I'm just meeting and and getting to play with and understand their games But you know, I enjoy playing with this group and I think there's something to be said for that You know, I think there's something to be said for for being with a group of guys that you want to compete with And I think that's where it starts just competing On paper when you guys happen to train online you have your profile like a team obviously with a lot of wings a lot of guys Yeah Sense that you guys are just surprised by these defensive struggles I actually do I and I it's a good question because I actually do it is a surprise especially Philly barely got to 100 the first game and there has been some regression statistically Some of these teams are just hitting shots, you know And sometimes you got to give credit to them But like I said earlier, that's when you got to step in and be like what kind of shots are they hitting and how can we make them take Different shots, how can we make them do things that are a little more uncomfortable for them? But yeah, and it's not something that sits well with our group because we know we should be at the very minimum a very good You know top of the top half of the NBA defensive team


This study explores the preferences of adolescent boys and young men for pre-exposure prophylaxis, PrEP, uptake in South Africa, Uganda and Zimbabwe. The results show that 65.22% of participants preferred on-demand PrEP, with factors such as country and advanced planning of sex being independently associated with this preference. Qualitative data supports the preference for on-demand PrEP in those who plan sex in advance. HIV intervention programs should offer both on-demand and daily PrEP to engage more adolescent boys and young men in HIV prevention practices. This article was authored by Ayub Kokonda, Andrews and Tugosimita, Richard Mohomuzza, and others.


What's up, guys? Figured since it's April Fool's Day, I've thrown together a little gag reel from Four of the Minions. If you don't know what that is, it's a weekly podcast about the very spiritual successors of the Paragon that I host on my channel with Mandy Mal and a different guest host each time. I usually throw these at the very end so you may have seen a few of them before, and if you haven't checked out the show, it's every Thursday at 8 p.m. Eastern Time. My favorite hero in Paragon, aw man, it's gotta be Decker. I knew it. I loved a lot of heroes in Paragon, but Decker was my first mastery, and probably my favorite hero to play.  You heard it here first. Okay, that's cool. That'd be real good. Thank you. Oh my god, I hope I don't do that throughout the whole show.  You're welcome. Were you one of the girls in Two Girls One Cup? Ew, you know, why are you always gonna take it there? Do you know how much they got paid?   Oh, damn it. I don't know what any of that stuff is. I'm too innocent. Yeah, do you not look it up ever? Well, I have a little something to say about this. Nothing, this is nothing against Kingshunt. I am very much rooting for them. I think they have a really, really cool project, but why the heck is Epic giving money to someone to develop a third-person MOBA when they were just know how to make one and we can't satisfy the community? But here you get like, it just got me a little bit triggered. Just a little bit. Okay, so a new feature.  We're live on a premiere right now. What? Yeah, we're live on a premiere right now as of like a minute and a half ago.  Oh, no. Hi, everybody. Stop streaming. Stop streaming. I actually hit start streaming. Mandy, I feel like you're looking at me really seductively. Oh, am I? Maybe I am. This is the whole look today. I love it. Maybe I am. This is going to be a fun episode. It'll take like a couple minutes for people to go in here.  Good thing I had. Oh, yeah. Why is the vet calling me? I don't think I'm going to answer that. They can leave a message. Your pet is calling you? Why is the vet calling me? So why are they calling me? Hello? Yes, it is. Put it closer to the mic. Yes, ma'am. Who's that me? Okay. Right. Well, this is new. Are they what? Oh, no. Dundee had a slight positive. So we, yeah, but we put him through the... Ask them if they sell sheepskin condoms. But he should be okay now. Actually, my husband's going to put in the... Correction, I need condoms for sheep. Put in the order. And I had told him that... I'm so sorry. I had told him that he probably weren't going to be able to do that for us. Yes, ma'am. Ask them if Velcro gloves will harm the sheep in any way. I'm really mad that no one's in my stream yet. Oh, so you're streaming maybe that call? Okay, that sounds good. And we also have a new kitten that we might be bringing in for to get her spayed and... Or, you know, get her set up and everything. So we'll be calling you that. What kind of STDs do sheep have? Ask them that. Oh, okay. Because my hair keeps growing a lot. I don't know if it's like sheep wool. And I'm not talking... You can see that it's not on my head that I'm talking about. It's other places that I'm getting this sheep wool. Just crazy with it. Right. Okay, I appreciate that. Thank you so much. Are you not going to ask them about the condoms for sheep? I also need them for the sheep. Because I go both ways with the sheep. I need a condom to put on a sheep. Bye-bye. That the sheep is going to use on me. Goat skid works, too. Oh, my God.  I would go over to Canada. Yeah, right. Find Smokey. Shit on his lawn. I was going to physically damage him, but that's even cooler. Shit on his lawn. That's your go-to? That's like your- I thought you were innocent, Mandy. I thought you were innocent. Oh, no.   There you go. Oh, my God. Oh, my cheeks hurt. That's funny. Oh, I know. Oh, my God.  Oh, no.  Okay, for this week's topic of discussion, Mandy Mail actually came up with this one. So, Mandy Mail, why don't you intro us into the topic for discussion for this week? Okay. Well, so my thought was I was kind of thinking to myself, since there's a kind of limited choice of heroes going into predecessors alpha, I was trying to think to myself, who am I going to play? Who am I going to play that I haven't- Oh, my God. I'm so sorry. Hold on. I keep thinking about- I'm sitting here.  I've been trying to keep his face. Why was that so funny? It wasn't funny. Oh, no. Oh, my God. I'm so sorry. Okay. Because I want to get a t-shirt made that says that. Yeah. It's so softly.  That could be my first merch. Shit. Yeah. All right. Okay. I'm so sorry. It's a little sad. Okay. Okay. Stomach hurts.  I am so sorry. I did not mean to start that all over again. All right. I do want me to just start over from introducing the topic. Or do you want to start over? Yeah, I'll start over. Okay. Okay, everybody, this week's topic of discussion was brought to us by Mandy Mal. So let's let Mandy intros into it. Okay. Well, so-


She writes essays, lists, letters, emails, captions, and text messages, and she publishes books at Carvel and Express. She's opening a children's center for questions and care in 2015 in the Outer Sunset of San Francisco, where she lives. She's so great. Please welcome Sarah Fontaine. Yeah, so the only thing you need to know is that this started as a job description for the person I need to hire for the preschool I'm opening. It turned into whatever it is, and it's called. The light is the very best thing, and we know it. For the longest time, a very long time, the babies in the prisons in Sacramento, where all the decisions are made about California, were so far from each other. For the longest time, a very long time, there was the separate high school teaching, and there was the separate caring for separate tiny children, and there was the separate Sacramento walking down the hallway past Governor Brown's office with a big bear outside. People taking photos with the bear and the guards outside the office and all of us waiting next to elevators and saying good morning with to-go cups of coffee in the security line. Next to Governor Brown's office, very, very close to his office, receiving group email forwards from his staffer and very far from entering his office behind the representative bear. For the longest time, a very long time, the representative bear felt very far away from the babies and how they are living, which felt very far away from the bike trips about what we were doing when we weren't in prison. They all felt very far away from each other. A particular ability of staffers who work for legislators in the Capitol building in Sacramento develops after they've been going to that building every day for six months or so. Usually all it takes is six months or so to learn to look exactly like they are listening. At first, they actually listen, and then they learn how to look like they are listening. Well enough that it would be rude of someone to suggest that they are not. Because being in the building with the particular inboxes and email signatures and the particular pants and how they fit and the long walks down the hallways where everyone knows not to say anything important audibly, things keep being very far away feeling and they must to get any work done. To get any work done, all the things that the work is being done about must feel very, very far away. If the things the work is being done about feel close, then the work is not possible. Most work is this way. For example, to keep jobs for prison guards, the prisoners must remain the concept criminal. For example, to take away jobs from the prison guards union, the prison guards families, including their babies in their Central Valley homes next to Starbucks and Farnesees must remain conceptual. For example, to continue to budget $9 million per year to keep prisoners and prison guards in prisons in the Central Valley next to the almond trees, the actual people called prisoners and prison guards must remain conceptual. The work depends on electricity, coffee and abstraction. The work depends on waiting for elevators and semi-formal outfits, which level every consideration to one plane. The emails level every consideration to one plane. The calendar full of meetings levels every consideration to one plane. Each consideration is a concept which keeps being far away feeling. Concepts about people in prison since they were 16 years old without the possibility of parole for driving a car while someone else shot someone else. Concepts about where to get food for lunch. Concepts about whether to endorse a bill. Concepts keeping other concepts conceptual. Most work depends on this. Sometimes when in Sacramento in the building where decisions are made about the state, I hand out stapled sheets of paper with budget proposal concepts on them. Specific asks to connect conceptual money to actual people. I talked to Vee who married someone in a prison and he just got out of prison. It's hard for her because he's not as much of a concept anymore. She was used to spending most of her time lobbying for people like her husband and now that he's out he needs help because the parole officer can come by any time to their house unannounced and because he hasn't lived outside since the internet was born among other details which are often excluded from our concepts of our lives. Sometimes the concepts keep us very far away even when we are very close like for example visiting adults who have never had cell phones who live in a prison in the Central Valley next to the almond trees. The concept of the space and the concrete and the razor wire around us and the guards at the table behind us keep us very far apart. The concept of what I was doing with my time for example before I walked into the prison that day which was making decisions about how many shelves to put up in the hallway of that new house I'm remodeling or decisions about whether I have time to go to the beach for sunset which is one block from the house I'm remodeling. These concepts make acres of distance between me and the person I am sitting next to in prison while she tells me what she's been doing before I got here which is getting beaten up repeatedly. Or for example the concept of how much money she owes in restitution distances her from the possibility of a particular kind of relationship with her four sons who live outside of the prison probably with cell phones and many concepts which distance them from her in addition to the concept of physical distance between the sons and the prison where this might become a job description is where you come in which is sometimes maybe sometimes together things will happen with concepts and light sometimes later and now maybe we'll remember people were always babies and babies were always people. If you come to work at this new business in this new job with me we will be conceptual artists and maybe sometimes everything will be very close including the concepts. We will change the diapers of other humans who do not yet have cell phones and that is obviously close. We will lie down next to humans who do not yet have email addresses and seeing them to sleep while they don't even try to ignore their mental to-do lists which is also a closeness. We will talk to the babies like we remember that they will be adults so soon and we will talk to the adults like we remember they used to so recently be babies. If you come to work at this new business in this new job with me Governor Brown might not be that close to us and bike trips might also not but maybe we will be able to leave concepts altogether for tiny moments next to tiny people holding soil in our hands. Maybe holding soil in our hands we could see what exists behind concepts momentarily. Behind the concepts is where babies live which is something you'll get lots of exposure to if you come to work at this new business in this new job with me. Sometimes for the longest time, a very long time I walk from the entrance of the prison to the visiting room on the concrete rose lined path outside and I listen to the guard with the mustache. It's spring so the roses are blooming hugely lining the path I'm walking down for a very long time and the guard with the mustache describes his concepts of his own hatred of Jerry Brown for taking all the water south.  Without soil you have just have dust and dust is where valley fever grows. The guard is partial to roses himself because he has so many of them at home. My concepts about him prevent me from remembering that he was just a baby recently and what concepts he had about roses then when he learned how to smell them even though it was only 45 years ago or so. If you come to work at this new business in this new job with me we might remember that Governor Jerry Brown was a baby recently and think about when he might have learned to smell roses but probably most of the time we'll forget. He'll continue to pump water past the central valley to LA because the prison guards roses and the valley fever in the presenters lungs remain conceptual suspended in that far away feeling. At this new business in this new job we'll leave the changing of the world to natural disasters and interplanetary dynamics. Hold soil in our hands trying to see light. Through the thick concepts we're perpetually forming about who people are when they are one or two years old or 45 years past being a baby. When we can't see past the concepts that separate us from every other thing we'll just notice them and say hi. Like babies do to everyone and everything all the time because what better thing is there to do than that. If you come to work at this new business in this new job with me maybe we can remind each other that the light is the very best thing. We can know it as a concept and or we can feel it when standing in the garden as actual recipients. Let's do that okay. Let's do that and invite the babies with us and everyone who used to be a baby also. Thanks. Sarah Fontaine. Gosh who wouldn't want to go and work with Sarah Fontaine. Oh my God maybe you might have to take to some interviewing after the reading. Wow that was beautiful. Our next writer up here is Maya Chinchia. She is a Guatemalan Bay Area based writer and video artist.


The latest weapons coupled with the fighting skill of the American soldier stand ready on the alert all over the world to defend this country. View the American people against aggression. This is the Big Picture, an official television report to the nation from the United States Army. Now to show you part of the Big Picture here is Sergeant Stuart Queen. The subject of today's Big Picture is an unusual one. You could say it's the story of two families and of their effects on one another or it might be called the story of a soldier and a girl which is certainly not unusual. What gives today's Big Picture its distinction is the portrayal of our army as it fulfills its functions in the cold war helping to maintain the fragile peace through might and strengthening the bonds of friendship among the free nations of the world through kindness. Our story is called The Friendly Hand. This is Gudrun Pascarvis a resident of the western sector of Berlin Germany. Gudrun is 11 years old. On the very day she was born Berlin was a city condemned. Destruction which had rained from the skies on Warsaw and Amsterdam on London and Coventry now fell with terrible retribution on the capital of the Third Right. From the east and west Russian American French and British troops were closing in on the flaming shell of a once proud city. The ruin and desolation conceived in Berlin and spread throughout Europe to Asia and Africa returned to their source. To this waste and rubble Gudrun Pascarvis had fallen air. In all of her 11 years she was to know no other home in Berlin was to see nothing of the country or of the people beyond the limits of the shattered city. Since war's end Berlin has progressed far toward recovery but what has been achieved was done despite many obstacles. Berlin today is a city divided occupied by Russians American British and French just as Germany itself is divided east opposing west. Lying in the Soviet zone Berlin is an island in unfriendly waters. The Berliner is surrounded by a man-made barrier. Entering Berlin from the eastern zone are travelers with and without papers. Prisoners of war even now being turned loose from Soviet prison camps. Here too are refugees seeking sanctuary in the west. Because the communists control the commercial traffic into the city they are able to ease or exert pressure on Berlin's lifelines in the form of political blackmail. As a result the economic health of the city has been periodically endangered. Those who suffer most are the children of Gudrun Pascarvis generation. They were born in a wreckage not of their own making and are still too young to take a hand in shaping their own futures.  His father is a prisoner in Russia. Sophie is one of eight children. She and her widely scattered family are refugees from the east. Manfred's parents are dead. He and his younger sister live with their grandmother. They sleep on gunny sacks. Peter's father was killed in 1944.  Gudrun's father was killed when she was still an infant. Her only knowledge of him is from a shrine her mother has placed in their living room. Gudrun is one of five children. She lives at home with her mother and a younger brother. Her eldest sister is married. Her 16 year old brother is learning a trade in west Germany. A sister three years older has been placed with another family by a welfare agency. Frau Pascarvis is trying to hold the remaining fragments of her family together with a small income she earns as a clerk in a market. At best Gudrun's life is a bleak one with few entertainments and no luxuries. But her existence and that of thousands of Berlin kinder leiker has been brightened in some measure in recent years by an organization which provides a months vacation each year for as many boys and girls like Gudrun as possible. It's called the friendly hand. The sponsors are the American servicemen in Germany like Sergeant Arthur Dames in his family. This past summer was the first time my wife and I felt we could invite some Berlin child into our home through the friendly hand. From Francis Eckert the committee chairman for Vogelwey we learned that a girl named Gudrun Pascarvis would come to spend a month with us. Later we shortened her name to Goody. The night before she was to leave Berlin was a strange one for Goody. She had never been away from home before and the thought of going away into a home with a different language different customs made her very excited. Her mother knew the trip the vacation would be good for her but she still felt a little uneasy too. What made her feel worst of all though was that she wouldn't be able to see Goody off herself. On account of her job Frau Pascarvis had to ask her sister to see Goody off. The most she could do was make sure Goody had everything she needed neatly packed and tell her to be a good girl. They said their goodbyes the night before Goody left. The friendly hand started giving the kids of Berlin vacations in 1953. That year 150 children went. Last year the number was up to 600 but for every child we could take there were five kids who wanted to go and couldn't. The bus stop where the children boarded was only a few yards from the east zone checkpoint where they had to enter and travel for 110 miles before coming out in the British zone and then head south to the American zone. The barrier between the Berlin sector and the zone is only that wide but sometimes more difficult to navigate than the Atlantic Ocean. Two buses one with Goody on it will head for us in Vogelwe. Two matrons are on each bus and to play safe the buses will travel straight through with the kids eating and sleeping on board. It was raining when the first bus arrived at Vogelwe but it didn't dampen anyone's spirits because this was a big occasion. General Rieber and the band were on hand to greet the kids. Earlier the friendly hand committee made every effort to give the American families the type of child they requested. Some families even listed color of hair and eyes so they'd be like their own children. When Goody finally arrived with her tag and her suitcase she was pretty tired from the trip but she was cheerful all the same. We thought maybe she'd be nervous meeting us all for the first time but we hit it off fine right from the start. We'd always wanted to give a vacation to a friendly hand child but my own family was growing under its own power and we had our hands pretty full until now. When we met at the bus Goody was introduced to my wife Palmer and our son Richard who's eight years old. When we got to the apartment she met Inge our German babysitter and it helped make Goody feel more at home. She also met the youngest member of the Dames family 15 month old Elizabeth Ann. I don't know whether we were just lucky in getting Goody or whether all the other kids from Berlin were the same but I knew no Goody made the transition from Berlin to Vogelwe from mother to Dames family without any trouble. Playing before bed was new to Goody because neither she nor her brother in Berlin had any toys to play with in the house. The first night bedtime was pushed up because of Goody's long bus ride the night before. The snack before bed was also something new. Goody ate well enough at home but that's about all you can say that she ate enough. There never were any extras no rating the ice box between meals. Strictly three meals a day and small ones at that. Cornflake she'd never even heard of before. Ricky has lived long enough in Germany so that he speaks a little and Goody learned a little English in school so between them they were able to hold what you'd call a basic conversation. When we first decided our own family had settled down enough so we could invite a child on vacation we had to take Ricky's feelings into consideration. He said he liked the idea but we knew we'd have to see how he liked having a stranger in the house after she really did arrive. It meant giving up a certain amount of privacy for him but he seemed to feel it was worth it to have someone just about his own age to play with. His own sister was much too small to be a playmate so Goody filled the bill on that score. What amazed me most maybe was the way the two kids who don't even speak the same language have so much in common simply because they're kids. The first night of course no matter how much we tried to make her feel at home had to be a strange one for Goody. At that age it's pretty hard to feel entirely secure when you're so far away from your own mother. When we heard her footsteps from the other room we knew she'd be having trouble getting to sleep but still we didn't want to disturb her. On that first night Goody showed what a thoughtful little girl she was because she knew her mother would be wondering about her tired though she was she decided she'd have to get a letter off to home right away. Dear mother I could not stop thinking about you tonight so I decided to get up from bed and write this letter. The travel from Berlin was long but comfortable sleeping made the time pass. I thought I would be afraid when I would meet the diamonds family but I was not. I like them very much they have two children a boy Richard they call Ricky and a baby girl. Today soon after I came to the apartment house in Vogelve where the diamonds family lives I went out with Ricky and met an American girl who is a friend of Ricky's. She lives in the next building her name is Terry Lee. The first game I learned here is called Hubscotch. It is a nice game you play by throwing a stone in a block and then skipping on one foot after it. I was enjoying playing this game very much when Mrs. Dames called us to come and eat. I didn't mind stop playing because you know how I like to eat. Miss Dames has the kind of a stove you would like very much. It is good she has this stove now because now that I am here she cooks for six people mostly. For the first course we had a good thick soup. Little Elizabeth Ann is a very nice baby everyone calls her baby sis. Engel loves her like her own the way I showed I liked my soup very much made everyone know I like to eat but I will not be a lady mother I promise. Always Ricky likes to eat as much as I do. Baby sis is big enough to sit at a table with us mostly her food goes on the floor though. Ricky told me that the Americans eat heavy at night light at noon but at home we will not call the lunch Mrs. Dames made for us a small meal and the meal you will not believe it that there is all the mirth to drink anytime you want it. After the soup we ate sandwiches a kind I never saw before slices of salami and cheese are in between the bread. Then the bread is toasted on both sides in a butter and a pan I like them very much. Anyone was happy to see me eat so much and Mrs. Dames said I was to eat as much as I wanted maybe I will come home so fast you will not know me. After lunch I went out with Ricky again and we met our friend Terry they taught me to blow bubble gum you know what that is that's chewing gum you can blow air into and big bubble blows upside your mouth. I can blow bigger one than Ricky can now I think by next week I will blow bigger one than Terry can it takes a lot of practice. Fell mother now I should be sleeping in bed I send you all my love and I miss you but I am not homesick not yet. As the days passed we came to know Goody's likes pretty well reading was something she really enjoyed most of the friendly hand kids were shored on the same two things we discovered a knowledge of their own country and clothing. We tried to help her with both during the first couple of weeks we could almost see her growing before our eyes. When my wife made her first new skirt she made it big enough so Goody would get more than a few months wear out of it. So the vacationers from Berlin would keep in touch with their families the friendly hand committee made sure we supplied the kids with stamped envelopes as the week slipped by Goody kept her mother up to date. Mother I told you about the new skirt before but this is something else Mr. and Mrs. Dame said I also need a new pair of shoes so one day we went into Kaiserslautern and then shopping. Remember the shoes I was wearing when I left home they were very very old and getting much too small for me right there in the window I saw a pair of shoes that I wanted most all over the best. Mrs. Dame said I've asked to make my own pick of shoes and so I have them and they are beautiful but the old shoes I have saved and will bring them home with me so we can burn them in the stove to make hot bath water and Sunday morning we all go to the shush except the baby Elizabeth Anne. The Americans all go to the same shush at different times they call the shush the chapel. I like to go to shush not just to pray for you and my father but also because I wear my new dress. Maybe this is not right that I should feel this very shush but it is true. Last Sunday after shush we went on a picnic. We were to go to the Sunday before but it rained so we couldn't. This Sunday the baby was good we went to a beautiful pond which is not far away from Beverly. There was no big crowd of people like in the parks in Berlin so we had all the pond to our cell. I am happy I learned to swim in the pool last year because the water in the pond was deeper than me. I almost forgot to tell you about the boobal bed. I stayed in the tub a long time after his swimming. The damesses came in to make sure I had not gone to sleep. I sink to myself like I do home. The only difference is here I take a bath every night not just Saturday like home. I'm learning many new games but the one I like best is called baseball. It is not like anything we play in Germany. For my team I played a position called shortstop. It is very hard to explain shortstop. I would like to play baseball when I come home but baseball needs space and you cannot play it in a narrow street. When it was my turn to be the better the person who tries to hit the ball I was not sure how to do it but one of the American boys showed me how to swing the stick. The bat. I made one run. Oh I forgot you do not know what one run means. Well anyway it was good for my team. Another time Rikki and I took a walk in the country near a little village called Hohenecken. It was cool and restful in the green woods. Rikki found some kind of a bug in the path. I never saw a bug like that before in all my life. It rained the next day so we could not go out to play so Rikki and I played in his parents room. Rikki found a whole drawer full of silk scarves and jewelry and so we decided to dress up and pretend. I am glad because Rikki and I always like the same kind of games. I put makeup on myself but had to help Rikki's with his. Rikki even had a mustache and beard which I painted on him. Do you know that picture in my book about the Arabian Knights? The one in the front? Well that is what he looked like. He looked like Arabians. When we were all dressed up and with our faces all changed it was very funny. Rikki said I looked like a magic princess and I said I was the queen of Shiba and he was my slave and we both danced. Every Saturday afternoon we go to the movies in Fogelwey. That is the custom. Movies for Rikki and his friends are not a special treat like for me at home. Now I coincide in Dame's daddy. It seems strange to call someone daddy because I cannot even remember saying that name before. I like it though. Goodbye for now. When Goody arrived wearing her leader Hosen with suspenders and t-shirt and close cut hair she looked as much like a boy as a girl. My wife and I decided something would have to be done about that. We wrote to Goody's mother to ask her permission for Goody to have her hair changed and her mother said okay. Of course I wasn't supposed to know anything about it. It was her first trip to a beauty parlor and the change was wonderful to see. There wasn't any question about whether the permanent appealed to Goody but it wasn't just the new hairdo that pleased her. She was happy because I was happy and proud of her. Looking back now I can see why Goody and I felt such a strong attachment for each other. I knew her father died when she was just a baby but I didn't really give much thought to just how much she must have missed him in her young life. The sense of security only a father can give to a little girl. There wasn't a happier soldier in the whole United States Army when I had Ricky perched on one arm and Goody on the other. With the end of her vacation drawing near we kept trying to think of more ways we could please Goody so she'd have nothing but happy memories of her stay with us. Suddenly one day I remembered how delighted Goody had been when she borrowed a pair of blue jeans from Terry Lee. No sooner were her new blue jeans out of the box than I knew this was one of the best surprises she'd had all during her stay with us. There wasn't even time to go into the house to change. She had to get into them then and there which sure tickled Ricky just as her clothes were getting more American every day so was her speech. At first she couldn't understand why American English didn't sound like the English she'd learned in school but gradually she began to get the hang of the language she'd heard around her just as she adapted herself to American clothes and games. On the day before all the kids from Berlin were due to leave for home Goody had a chance to put all the Americans she'd learned into practice. All the friendly hand families in Vogelwe got together and organized a last super picnic. One of the amazing things was the way the Berlin Kinder had changed. You couldn't tell them from our own kids when they were all mixed in together what were their new clothes and the latest American slang. You didn't have to compare notes with the other families to see that the vacation program was a complete success for everyone. The proof was in the faces of the children and the parents both. For the record at the picnic Goody put away seven hot dogs. She counted every one trying to set some kind of record I guess. I don't know how many marshmallows and bottles of soda she put away. At home they talk about how popular American jazz is in Europe. Well someone ought to do a report on hillbilly music too. The Germans love it. Kids and adults. Because this was the last day there was a certain undercurrent of sadness among the parents. But not for the kids. They lived it up to the very end. Even though Goody had a wonderful exciting time with us she never really forgot her own family at home. When it was time to start back for Berlin she was sorry to leave but she was looking forward to seeing her mother and brother again. Because Goody was so sweet and lovable in her own special way it would have been difficult for any family man not to regard her as his own daughter. So it happened that for a month Goody had a real daddy for a while and I had two daughters instead of one. Right at the end we could look back and count the things we've been able to do for Goody. She'd gained nine pounds. She had two pairs of new shoes, five dresses, a lace petticoat, new underwear and blue jeans, a pair of shorts, a ring, bracelet and necklace, a wrist watch and a permanent wave. They weren't much. They weren't anything compared to what we received in return. As a family we grew to love Goody like our own and it wasn't easy to say goodbye. Goody was going back to Berlin. In two weeks my family would be rotating back to the States.  It's hard to realize we may never see her again but we can be thankful for having known her through the friendly hand even for this short period of time. I hope Goody will remember us fondly too. Fortunately a story like the one we've just seen has no real ending at least not for Goody and the Dames. And next year I'm sure there will be more Goodies and more families like Sergeant Dames reliving the same experiences. Now this is Sergeant Stuart Queen inviting you to be with us again next week for another look at your army in action on The Big Picture. The Big Picture is a weekly television report to the nation on the activities of the army at home and overseas. Produced by the Army Pictorial Center presented by the United States Army in cooperation with this station. You too can be an important part of The Big Picture. You can proudly serve for the best equipped, the best trained, the best fighting team in the world today, the United States Army.


So who has read Debian's social contract? Yes? Okay, so what is point number four in the social contract? Our users, yes, our users. What about our users? Yes, that our users and free software, those are our priorities in Debian. This is from the Debian social contract. How does this compare to the priorities of corporate app developers and social media services? What are their priorities? Profit and, yes, shareholders, yes. So the directors of corporations are obliged to do what's best for their company and for their shareholders, not their employees, not their users, not what's good for society, but their obligation is to their corporation and their shareholders. So what happened to MySpace and all the other social media networks? Facebook just came along and clobbered them all, didn't they? So this chart shows the market share of actually the minutes that people spend on social media networks as Facebook took over. So if you were running another social media network or developing another app and you were one of the directors of those companies, you'd be very concerned about your company being wiped out just like MySpace or other operators who just lost all of their users to Facebook. So would that leave you tempted to do things to keep the attention of your users, to interrupt them with push messages, even to the point that you're almost spamming them? So this is the way it's been working in the domain of corporate solutions for real-time communications. So WhatsApp, Viber, Twitter, Facebook, they're all competing for every minute you have in the day. They're competing for your attention, for user engagement, and they're interrupting you to get it. Can they get that share of people's attention without interrupting you? People have a soft spot for things that are new or unusual. Has anyone seen a cat photo recently? Yeah, just about every cat photo is different. Cat photos get your attention, don't they? They say that Facebook would be dead within a week if it wasn't for cats. Half the people come to Facebook just to see a new cat photo each day. No two cat photos are the same. People are attracted to things that are new, that are changing, that are interesting. They're doing something like studying for an exam, and it's boring, and then this cat photo pops up and it just brightens up their whole face. But it may not be helping them study or whatever they were doing at that time before they received the new cat photo. People have a vulnerability for things that are new or unusual, that our brains are wired to be excited by those things. This is actually similar to the vulnerability we have for fatty foods. Back in the cave mandates when we were hunter-gatherers, it was very hard to get a lot of fat in your diet. People would struggle to get the minimum amount of fat in their diet. If we can get more fat in one meal from McDonald's, then a caveman could get in a whole week. So the human body is hard-wired to try and find fat because it used to be difficult to find. It's the same thing with the interruptions we get from our social media, messaging apps and what have you. That our brains react to this excitement that something is happening. Companies like McDonald's, which are huge, or even your local fish and chip shop business, they all know that they're selling a product that is not healthy, that they're appealing to this excitement that you have for eating fatty foods. They've worked out it's profitable and they continue to do it. In the same way, many of the developers of communications apps have worked out that it's profitable to keep interrupting people. Just like putting chips on their plate, they just keep doing it because they've worked out they'll end up like Myspace if they don't keep people's attention. Now if you're driving your car or you're reading a book and you hear that you've just got a text message or a WhatsApp message or what have you, do you find that affects your concentration? Can you even finish reading that paragraph in the book without some difficulty? You want to know what was in the text message, don't you? So they've actually suggested that knowing you have a message that you haven't read has the same impact on your concentration as a glass of wine.  So back to the social contract. Is it in the best interests of our users to interrupt them? To put notifications on their screen, whether it's on their laptop or their desktop or on their mobile phone? Or in a corner of their web browser? As an organisation, Debian is not run like a corporation. We don't have a board of directors. We're not regulated like a company. So we don't have to chase profits or look out for shareholders. We don't have to worry about maximising the number of minutes that our users spend using Debian each day. Has anyone ever tried to count that? No? Okay. Not only that, we can design our tools to put users in control of their communications. Instead of the communications controlling the user, the user can control their communications. You see this with all successful people, whether it's a politician or a rock singer or a sports star. They have two or three people to filter all their communications. So they don't have to answer questions themselves. Someone else runs their Twitter account for them while they're busy playing golf or going to the beach. Another thing that we can do is we can change the default settings in the applications we distribute with the notifications. If, as a community, we value the ability of people to concentrate and to control their time, we don't have to interrupt them. We can say, look, we'll turn off the notifications and the people who want them can turn them on if they need them. Most other software vendors wouldn't dare to try something like that, but we can do that because we're Debian, because it's free software and we can change it and we can design it with the user in mind. Just think about a couple of potential users for a moment. Imagine a university student who's trying to learn a language and they're memorizing a list of words. What impact would that glass of wine have on that exercise? What impact will it have if they are getting beeps from their computer or their phone? For memory to work, there's a strong link between memory and concentration. If their concentration is elsewhere, they may as well not have even started the learning exercise. They didn't even need to open the book or pick up the list of words because after they've had that notification, they're not going to remember anything anyway. Imagine a software developer who's been analyzing a complicated bug like a race condition or something and their phone beeps and they lose their concentration and they were just on the verge of solving that bug and their concentration has gone out the window and they will miss some small detail in the log file that would have helped them solve the problem and now they're going to spend their own working on it. So they've lost their time and they have to start again. These are real examples of the impact of push notifications and all these other pop-ups and interruptions from messaging technologies today. So in Lumicall, which is an app that I look after for Android, there are outreach interns, Avika Gola who will be arriving some time today has experimented with silent times in the app. So this is just one example of something that free software can do that no phone company would dare to dream of. When your phone is not answered, there's no charge for the call. That's a nightmare for phone companies. This is why they enable voicemail on every new phone because they want to know that they can still charge people to call you even when you don't answer. So with a silent mode feature, an automatic silent mode that automatically stops your phone ringing after a certain time every night and from the phone company's perspective, you're cutting their revenue. They're not going to offer you that choice but free software can give you that choice. So Avika has developed that and you're welcome to try it. You're welcome to copy it into other apps because free software lets you do that. People often ask me, can we make an alternative to Skype and Viber and WhatsApp? But we have to be careful to think about what that alternative will look like. We can't just offer another Skype or another Viber. If we try to just do the same things, the way that the corporations do them, then our service will be indistinguishable. There'll be no reason for users to change over. If you look at privacy, for example, even after the revelations by Edward Snowden, many people still are not motivated to change. Who has had a conversation with a friend recently about privacy? Anybody? And are they still using the same technologies or have they moved over to free software? And whose friends have tried free software for a day or a week and then they've gone back to something proprietary? Privacy has not helped people to change their mind about those technologies. But when some users realise how much it's costing them to lose their attention, to lose their energy dealing with the interruptions from messaging apps and what have you, are we ready with a solution for those users? And when people realise that their children are not learning at school and they go out looking for solutions, wouldn't that be a great place for us to be in to have an alternative, not just a Skype with a different name, but a completely different way of doing messaging and real-time communications where the user is in control? So those are some questions I wanted to raise to get some discussion going over this week. Who's going to be here for the rest of the week at DevConf? So there's a lot of developers and a lot of people who are very keen on free software. And these are problems that we can solve and we can offer these things to people. So these are things we can continue talking about through the week. The next thing I want to bring up now is to demo some of the things we're actually doing today in Debian, things that work for free real-time communication. And these are things based entirely on free software. So the first demo, we're going to use the RTC.Debian.org service. So who's a Debian developer here? So who's tried RTC.Debian.org already? So a few people. So you can log in and using a RTC password. You actually have to go to the LDAP service and set up an RTC password there before you can use this site. Do not use your secure SSO passwords or things to try and log in here. Okay, so I've logged in and now I can make and receive calls through my browser using my Pocock at Debian.org address. So we have someone who's hopefully going to call. Let's have a look on IRC. We'll know if it rings as we'll hear it. It's one of those interruptions I've been speaking about. Okay. Anyone remember which workspace I was on? One of the problems with WebRTC is that if you have a lot of tabs open and a lot of windows, it can be hard to find which one is ringing. So we've got Yona is calling and she's calling from this SIP address. So she's in the Fedora community. They have a similar service. So I'm going to enable that. Hello, Yona. Okay, so that's working. I'm going to hang up. Can you hear me? Let me just try the sound. We tried to hook this up to the speakers before. Can you check your microphone volume? Check that you are not muted. Yona, I've got the sound at maximum and I've only got one output which is wired in here to the sound system. So that's working. You can hear me, Yona. Okay. Let's try changing something. I'm going to change my webcam. So I'm going to hang up and then I'll call you. It's like the transformers. We have to choose the camera here. Hello. Can you see the room? We have a few waves to Yona. Okay. We have communication. Very good. Yona is in Tirana in Albania. She's one of the open labs team. They made us very welcome there at Oskal, their annual conference back in May. Yona is going to Flock later this month. Is anyone here going to Flock with Fedora? They have a similar service. It's actually based on the same code just with their Fedora logo. Hopefully we'll be able to establish more communication between different distributions using WebRTC. We'll try the jitsimete now. Jitsimete is another solution that you can have more than two people in a call. I'm going to hang up again. If we're lucky, we might even get audio with jitsimete. Yona, we're going to jitsimete. I have to go and find the URL. What was that? It's a notification. Who was that? You've proven my point. Thank you. Now we're in jitsimete. Hello. What we could do is somebody else could try and join this session as well using the URL. Can you hear me, Yona? It's this URL. Can you read that at the back? I'll put the URL on the IRC. Here we go. It's working for somebody. Who else is joining us? I don't know what's happening here with the sound. I could try... We've got feedback. Hello. You can hear me. Okay. I'm going to try unplugging the amplifier and see if we can hear people through my laptop speakers, which will probably not be loud enough to fill the room. Yona? Yona, can you say something? Can you hear me? Hello? Okay. Can you hear me? We're hearing anyone else coming back through the speakers here, so I don't know exactly where the sound has gone. I can check that. There's also a bit of feedback with latency. There are far too many options in the pulse audio. When you go into the jitsimete, you can put your name in there somewhere. Let me stop that. So, fellow jitster. You can add your name. That wasn't me. That was feedback again. I'll turn that down. Okay. There are exciting possibilities with jitsimetes. Whatever's going wrong, because it didn't work from either of those pages. There's probably something I've done in my sound settings in my laptop that has stopped it working, which is not unusual because I'm often tweaking these things. I tested it earlier today and it was okay, but maybe I've changed something when I was connecting up to the projector. So, I'd like to encourage people to try both of these things. If you're a Debian developer, please register with rtc.debian.org and try calling other people in the community or ask people to call you. Anyone can go to jitsimete. So, try that out. Share the results using the Debian RTC mailing list. If you have questions, there are people there who can answer them. The next thing we're going to move on to now is ring. So, who has already heard of ring? So, many people. So, ring is peer-to-peer. So, there's no central server like with WebRTC. So, I'm going to invite Alex and Dorina from Savoie Fair Linux. They're part of the team behind ring. Yeah, Sebastian. Yeah, you can come up as well. So, come and join us. Okay, so, you will need a microphone. So, ring is completely new. It's a peer-to-peer solution. So, Alex is going to explain more about what it does and why this is different. If you've got fDroid, you can try and download, or Google Play as well. You can download it on your phone while it's been explained. Hi. So, I'm Alex Sam. I'm from the ring team, and I'm a Debian developer. I happen to be maintaining ring in Debian, actually. We have a recent version of rings in Debian backports, but a bit older in Debian stable and very recent and unstable. So, what the ring is, it's a fully distributed communications platform. So, I'm not saying centralized. I'm not saying federated. I'm saying distributed. So, just like BitTorrent MagnetLynx works, they work using DHT. We do the same thing with ring. So, when you use ring, you're not trusting any entity to really messages. You're really using a fully distributed service. So, it comes with some downsides, such as messages can take up to one or two seconds to get to the other participant and things like that. But mostly, we have... If we don't have it already, we have solutions for most like RTC problems. As you can see on my client right now, I can see that Avio is online. So, we have presence, which is very special for a distributed service. And we also have usernames. This guy here, he is called Avio, and this is a registered username in a distributed service. So, this is problems we have solved with ring 2. We are making use of blockchain technology, just like Bitcoin, to register usernames. And I'm going to make a call to show you what it looks like. This is what we call a ring ID. Ring ID are not really convenient to share with people, but I don't know the username of this user. I'm going to call someone else then.   So, you can know whether or not your contact has received a message. You don't see my full screen. I'm going to resize the window here. All right. Yeah, I'm calling through my cell phone with my laptop. So, I can... Yeah, I'm going to give it to Durina. Did anyone else download it onto Android? Yeah, so we have apps for most platforms, including Android and some non-free platforms. We have clients for everything. Ring is still... We still consider ring a very early software, so you can expect bugs, but that's what the software does. Oh, yeah. We also have useful features such as multi-device. So, when you call a ring user, it's going to ring on all of its devices, and adding a new device is as simple as entering a PIN in your password. We still struggle with many concepts that we have to fight that people are used to. For example, when you create a ring account, sometimes we have users coming back to us and asking how come I can't log in on my new device to just put my login password. Well, no, that's not how it works. You have to transfer actually your certificate to the new device. So, concepts like this don't apply to ring because it's fully distributed. You can't just log in on a new laptop and expect it to work. You really have to transfer files from one computer to another. But we try to make it as easy as possible to simplify those concepts. And feedback from the community will also help, especially from users that do not understand the concepts behind distributed services. Yeah, and we do have a talk about ring in a few hours, so if you're interested in more detail as to how it works, please come. So, 6 p.m. which day? Can you hear me? Okay. So, it will be at 6 p.m. in the woody room. So, we were all invited if you're interested on ring. Thank you. Okay. So, we've got about maybe five minutes for questions. So, does anyone have questions? And you need the microphone. Do you want to take the microphone out to people? And who has a question? Can I up get the install ring? Yeah. The package is called ring. I suggest you use the one in backports. So, please enable backports on your machine. But if you're running on stable or whatever, you're going to have a recent version. Thank you. We also have repositories for all distros for those of you guys that are not using Debian for some reason. Okay, so next question. Okay. So, you said it's peer-to-peer, but do you understand it correctly that there's a server in the middle? No, there's absolutely no server. Well, the way peer-to-peer networks work usually is you have to know at least one node to join the network. So, we run what we call a bootstrap node at bootstrap.ring.cx. But if you do not want your client to connect to this node when it first boots, you put your friend's IP and it's going to work. It's fully distributed. There's one thing, though, is when calls do not work. So, for example, there are situations where both peers are behind the firewall that they do not control. It's impossible to establish a connection between the two users, right? Because they don't have a UPNP and they are both behind the firewall. Ring will revert to using turn servers. But this is like a last resort thing. And we host turn servers for the community to use. So, when you install Ring, it's pre-configured with a server that is hosted by several file units. So, you are almost assured that every call will work at all times. There may be... There are maybe turn servers in Debian 2. If what? There are the turn servers in Debian 2. The turn server is not a Ring thing. It's a fully open protocol. We have three turn server packages in Debian. So, people can run their own turn server if they don't want to use the turn server provided by the Ring developers. Ring does not invent many things. Like, we use SIP, we use turn servers, all of those protocols we haven't invented. We have another question. Do you have any plans for making an iPhone version? An iPhone app? Did you say that? Yes, we do have a work-in-progress iPhone app. It's almost the only platform that we haven't released on yet. It's working, so you can build from source if that's what you want. But it's not in the store, and there are issues with that too. Thank you. Any more questions? Okay, very good. So, yeah, thank you everybody for coming, and thank you Alex and the Ring team for demonstrating that. And thank you to Yona for joining us remotely. I'm sorry we could not hear you. I'm sure this was my fault and not yours. So, please do feel free to approach us and test things with us while we're here. It's even for problems like this with the WebRTC. There's no better place to test these things than iron out the bugs than when you're standing up in front of a room of people. But the second best place to test the things and iron out the bugs is when you're meeting people here at an event like DebConf. So if you're trying these things and they're not working for you, sit down with me and we can have a look at it together. Even if I can get some more data to file a bug report and we can fix it in the future, that's one of the things that makes an event like this really productive. So I'd welcome any questions or problems people have. So, thanks for coming everybody.