Welcome to our interview show in which we interview LGBTQ guests who are important contributors to our community. We want to acknowledge that all things LGBTQ is produced at Orca Media in Montpelier, Vermont, which is unceded Indigenous land. Enjoy the show. So, looking at the work that our legislature is currently undertaking, there are a fair number of bills that have been introduced that are looking to deal with the issue of racial and social equity. And there's one name that repeatedly comes up as either a lead sponsor or a co-sponsor, and that's Representative Brian Cina of Chittenden 6-4. Welcome, Brian. Thank you. So, could you talk a little bit about why there seems to be an increase in bills on racial and then what you're adding in with social equity? Is the Vermont legislature truly ready to actively deal with racial inequality? I think they'd like to think that they are ready, but actions speak louder than words. And I'm not saying enough action. For many years, as a legislator, I've worked with community members outside of the legislature to propose legislation related to racial and social justice. And for many years, those bills sort of didn't move forward. And there didn't seem to be the political will to act on some of those bills. For example, we've introduced bills. We, in this particular case, the Racial Justice Alliance, that we introduced bills related to police training that didn't move forward. In my first two years in the legislature, we were trying to push for Columbus Day to be changed to Indigenous People's Day. And that didn't happen in the first two years. But there's many others I could list. But what has happened over the last few years is there's been an increased interest in addressing racial justice in the legislature because of what's happening out in the community, both in Vermont and around the United States. So over the last few years, we have moved some significant racial justice bills, like we created the Director of Racial Equity position in the state through a Racial Justice Alliance bill. And we did, I worked with the Commission on Native American Affairs to fight the change Columbus Day to Indigenous People's Day. So there had been some changes, but they were very hard to get. And it feels like the minimum, people want to do the minimum possible to be able to say we did something and not to do deeper work. So fast forward to last year, the pandemic hits. And the pandemic hits as we are debating use of force policy changes in which every single time those policy changes were being discussed, the room was filled with the police. And the testimony was tons of law enforcement, but not many racial justice activists, not many people directly impacted by police policy. And then the pandemic hit, everything came to a screeching halt. And behind the scenes, some of us were pushing so that that work around use of force would move forward. Then George Floyd was murdered. And the nation blew up, the issue blew up all across the country, including here in Vermont. And when that happened, it really seemed to add sort of fuel to the fire. And a lot of white people decided they wanted to do something. They wanted to do something more than go to their Thursday night book club. They wanted to do something more than post virtue signaling tweets. They wanted to do something meaningful, but they don't know what that is.  So here is what we're saying. And some of what we were asking for did get acted upon last summer, when the legislature took some action towards use of changing use of force policy. And here in Burlington, yes, some action and here in Burlington, the Racial Justice Alliance, we organized and we pushed and got the city council to take some significant steps like declaring racism a public health emergency and starting a reparations task force and better funding racial equity office here in Burlington, et cetera. So in the midst of all that, the Racial Justice Alliance, we met and decided we wanted to have a bold policy agenda coming into this year. And we came forward with a variety of bills related to racial justice in the healthcare system, in criminal justice, in economic development. And so that's a big part of the work I'm doing has been on behalf and in partnership with the Vermont Racial Justice Alliance. That's not all of it, but that is a big part of it. And that's one of the reasons why you see me associated with so many bills. Now, you would ask about people wanting to act on stuff and so we brought forward this bold policy agenda. And people said, people meaning other legislators, community members wanted to act on it. And interestingly enough, the agenda is ACT, it's act. Acknowledge historic systems of oppression, create new systems and transform existing systems. And I just want to be clear, this is the racial justice and racial justice alliance's agenda that I'm talking about right now, not my personal agenda, even though I'm part of it. It's a collective agenda. And so my colleagues said they wanted to act on stuff and some things have moved. But what I am concerned about the scope, I'm concerned about how much we're doing. And if I may give you an example. Yeah, so one of the first things that happened was the racial justice alliance had a bill related to health, addressing health disparities and promoting health equity. And in our work on that bill, we discovered that there's clear disparities in the health care system for BIPOC, black, indigenous and other people of color, LGBTQ people. I don't know if you need me to define that on the show. And people with disabilities. And so we presented our findings showing the data that there's disparities for those groups. And we suggested that the state create an office of health equity with an office of health equity director who works with a commission made up of people appointed by various organizations from those different communities. And that they look at health care policy and spending for the department of health. And that they administer a grants program. And that they look at health care provider education. And last but not least data collection. Did I say that yet? No. Okay. Yeah. So I was going to say data collection comes up frequently with a number of different categories. And people are always amazed at the data we're not collecting. Yes. Yeah. So who was part of the racial equity groups that you keep referring to? Is it beyond legislators and includes the Vermont racial justice alliance? Yes. The Vermont racial justice alliance is its own organization. It's black centered and BIPOC led. You can look up the Vermont racial justice alliance online and look at the website and see the mission statement for yourselves out there. If you're interested, I have to look it up to read to you the exact mission statement. But the idea is to is focused on American descendants of slavery but addressing systemic racism, which affects all BIPOC. That's really the racial justice alliance is community based. I'm the only legislator on the steering committee. And I was the only legislator who was part of the policy committee. And I'm also on the wellness committee. I worked with them before being on those committees. But over time, as I worked with them more, I got involved in those committees. And so these bills were developed mostly by community members. And I was the legislator who act is sort of a bridge between them and the legislature with getting legislative lawyers to draft our ideas into bills that fit the drafting guidelines and collecting co-sponsors and then advocating for them. And two of our racial justice alliance pieces of legislation are in motion right now. One of them is the health equity bill I was just talking about. And another one is there's a resolution declaring racism as a public health emergency statewide that's being worked on in the house human services committee right now. So what happened with the health equity bills, it got taken up by the health care committee, which I'm on. And we took a lot of testimony. And what we heard was that the State Department of Health feels overwhelmed from the pandemic and didn't feel ready to open that office. But they thought that the work needed to be done. So a compromise we made was creating the commission, giving some money to the director of racial equity, to get the commission up and running, work with the commission to make a plan for the office of health equity, look at how we're spending ARPA and other COVID related money, do it work with health care providers to come back with a recommendation on health care education. So a lot of work for that commission before the office of health equity opens up. So we came up with a compromise that didn't please everyone, but that's where it landed. The part that's concerning to me has to do with grants, because I understand why we had to remove the grant section because it was very in depth and detailed and it needed the office of health equity to do that section because it told them to provide a lot of support to people applying. But what's concerning to me is that I don't see enough money in our state budget being directed to this issue. And what I keep hearing is there's no money, there's no money, we don't have the money for this, but we're getting two billion dollars in federal relief money. And we've given hundreds and hundreds of millions of dollars to businesses, especially the top 100 businesses in Vermont, Vermont have gotten a lot of money. We gave corporate tax breaks in a bill that just passed the house to those top Vermont corporations, I think 20 million in tax breaks, but we can't give any money for health equity. We can't give any money to BIPOC, LGBTQ or people with disabilities during a pandemic when those groups have been hit hard for creative programs to promote wellness coming out of the pandemic. I don't accept that. I can't accept that. That's the part of it that bothers me. I appreciate that we're taking some action to change the systems of government.  And that's kind of how I feel, like where we need to put the money where our mouth is, we've been saying we want to do something about racial justice, we need to shift the investments towards racial justice. Yeah, you are one of the few sponsors of bills looking at dealing with issues of equity that actually tries to put money into your bills so that there is a budget to carry out that work. I keep remembering when we started the office of racial equity and then gave her no money to run her agency. But looking at the COVID money coming in and all of a sudden here is this abundance of funding, there are a number of bills focusing on housing and affordable housing, but your bill goes further. H273 looks at not only appropriating monies for the development of housing, but ensuring that it's going to those people who have consistently been denied the opportunity. Could you talk a little bit about H273? Yes. So H273 is a bill that the Racial Justice Alliance is supporting, but it actually wasn't written by the Racial Justice Alliance. That bill was drafted with a new group that I'm part of called Seeding Power Vermont. And Seeding Power Vermont is a coalition, we're not a formal organization. One of the members of our coalition is the president of the NAACP of Wyndham County. Another member is a leader of the group, I don't know if her title is director of a group called Every Town Vermont, which looks at having collectively owned land for BIPOC in every town in Vermont. We have another member who is, I mean, I don't know if I should say people's names are not on your show, but like another member is a member of the Commission of Native American Affairs and a local, a Lakota elder. So we have like a core team of BIPOC that's LGBTQ and FEM led and we purposely did that. We Seeding Power was a group where we said as queer people and women who are BIPOC, we wanted a space for us to be able to take the lead because too often it's men or it's really straight men, straight BIPOC men or straight men across the board who tend to dominate. And so we wanted a space where we were letting queer people and women who were BIPOC take the lead. So that's what Seeding Power of Vermont is and our bill, we have one bill we introduce is the BIPOC led land access and opportunity bill, which proposes that the state of Vermont create a fund to go towards land access and property ownership to address the history of wealth disparity for people of different racial and social groups who've been historically marginalized. And that fund to be created and administered by a board of the people from those groups. So the board would be appointed by a variety of organizations that are BIPOC and we have LGBTQ as well. One thing we missed is we should have had a group that was specifically people with disabilities on there, but that can be amended in committee. But that's something, you know, when we were putting it together, looking at the different groups who were trying to create a board, create the composition of a board that would be made up of all these different people from groups that have been left out historically. And that's the idea behind it. So that we're giving power, spending power to people from the communities who haven't been given that power. And then they're giving the powers and duties to spend the money within certain parameters. They have to follow state and federal law and they have to, you know, have some kind of criteria to explain and justify how they spent the money. But we give them a lot of freedom to figure that out within certain categories, including individual property ownership, collective land ownership, wealth management, financial education programs, mutual aid programs. So the idea being that we're letting this independent board invest money into these projects for both individuals and groups so that people can acquire property, land and wealth. And the idea is that this is a way to remedy a 400 year history that has severed indigenous people from the land and kept indigenous people from acquiring wealth. And that has used the labor of black people for hundreds of years to build an economy that they were then systemically excluded from. And that the policies against those groups have affected all people of color and have affected other social groups, such as people with disabilities and people from lower socioeconomic statuses, for example. So the idea of this board was to give them the power to look at how to redistribute some money so it could be invested by those who've been excluded historically in projects that would help address wealth disparity. And so that was a bill that we introduced. The issue has been, testimony has been taken on the issue, but a concern we have is that the committee has been hearing testimony on another bill related to BIPOC land access and not ours. And they've given us two hours out of maybe 20 hours of testimony and mostly white people are being brought in to testify. And so it's kind of this is what I'm saying earlier. It's like people say they want to do the right thing. And I think people mean well, but I don't know if people who have the power in our society actually understand yet how these kinds of actions might make them feel better, but they actually make the people that they're trying to help feel worse, that we feel worse when we're being talked about, but we're not at the table.  And none of us are perfect. Like we all make our mistakes and forget someone, but when you realize you forget someone, you need to make room at the table and get another chair or whatever the person needs to be at that table. Not just say, oh, oh, well, sorry, we're just going to keep talking. And so there's been a lot of, a lot of situations like that happening as people are moving forward with the racial and social justice work where it's a mess and it's imperfect. That being said, we're working through it. We're speaking out. We're working through it. And hopefully what will come out of this in the end is some meaningful action. Not just, not just something that looks and feels good, but that's something that actually addresses the underlying power dynamics. And that's really what seeding power is about is our whole concept is that what we're trying to do is propose changes that seed power, where we give power out and then people spread it.  And we're also asking that those who've historically hoarded power that they see, CEDE, and they share that with others so that we can spread it. That's really, we're looking at redistributing power as part of the work we're doing. And I'm excited to see what other stuff seeding power does over the summer, because we have a lot of ideas and there's a lot of people who want to work with that coalition now. And with that, I know your time is very limited. Thank you for fitting us in. I keep trying to remind people that it's important that our voices get heard, but once we've spoken, who else hasn't been heard and ensuring that they're brought into the conversation. So during the summer, I want a commitment that you'll come back so we can talk about this is what we were able to accomplish. This is what is still needed. And this is how we can be supportive, but not dominate the effort. So thank you, Brian. Thanks. People who routinely watch all things LGBTQ know that we try to talk about events not only here in Vermont, but throughout New England. And when there is an opportunity, we like to talk with those people in other states who are actually doing the work. And today, we've got one of those people. I'd like you all to meet Matt Luhman, who is the executive director of Equality Maine. Welcome, Matt. Thank you, Keith. Thanks for having me on the show. And thank you for making time in your schedule to spend this time with us, because I know that you're in the middle of your legislative session. And you've got pieces of legislation that you're following very closely. So to give people hearing from a bit of context, could you share a little bit about the history of Equality Maine? What it is that Equality Maine hopes to provide for LGBTQ plus people within the state of Maine? And then more importantly, how are you able to do that? Sure. Yeah. Well, thank you for the question. I might give you a bit of a long answer, but hopefully it's informative. And I also just want to say hi to everybody in Vermont. It's nice to be with you all. Yeah. So Equality Maine was founded in 1984. And I actually want to go slightly before 1984 to establish some context. Our first non-discrimination bill was filed in the Maine legislature in 1977. And it did not get a great reception. Of course, the first several times the bill was filed. And it was sort of disorganized to a certain extent. There were people who supported it, but it wasn't a real movement at that point. And the unfortunate incident that sort of changed that and made people mobilize was the 1984 murder of a young man named Charlie Howard in Bangor. He was thrown off a bridge by several other young men because he was gay. And unfortunately, he could not swim. So he drowned. And that was a horrific tragedy that, of course, made major headlines all across the state and across the country. But I think what it catalyzed in our community was a realization that change was not happening fast enough. And that people needed to get organized. And our community needed to get organized to really become a force for the change that we all wanted to see. So Equality Maine was founded at that time. It was actually called the Maine Lesbian Gay Political Alliance, or MLGPA for short. And it really organized around trying to win basic non-discrimination protections. So that would include employment, housing, public accommodations, education, and credit. And for the first 20 or so years of the organization, that was the entire focus. And unlike Vermont, Maine is a referendum state. And so we always knew that if we were ever going to get the legislature and the governor to actually pass a non-discrimination law, that there was a strong likelihood that our opposition, which is led primarily by an organization called the Christian Civic League of Maine, would file for a referendum to try and get rid of the law. And so that's sort of what happened. The bill went through multiple iterations, actually got to the desk of then governor, Jack McKernan in 1993. But he vetoed it. So it got very close, but not across the finish line. And then in 1997, it passed again. And then Governor Angus King, who is now a U.S. Senator for Maine, signed the bill. But exactly as we knew would happen, our opposition went out and gathered signatures to put it on the ballot as a referendum. And unfortunately, the voters reversed non-discrimination. So we actually had to go to the ballot again and then again. And finally won in 2005 when the legislature passed the bill. Then Governor John Baldacci signed it, and then the voters upheld the law. So that was the first 20 years. But ultimately, by virtue of the work that you were doing, you won the Citizens Initiative or the referendum in 2005. So over the process of time, you laid the foundation for real social change within Maine. Yeah, you know, it's hard to see that when you're going through it because you're constantly asking people to make phone calls and knock on doors and give money. And it's exhausting. And frankly, it's stressful for obvious reasons to ask people to vote in favor of your rights. So I mean, there's a very good argument to be made that you shouldn't vote on civil rights. But I think one of the positive side effects of all of those referendums that we see now is that nobody in Maine can argue that our rights were mandated or forced on the population by the courts or by out-of-touch politicians or whatever the argument might be. Because ultimately, the major battles over LGBT equality in our state were decided by the voters. And they were decided in our favor. And we were proud of that. We stand on that. Anytime there's an attack on our rights, we remind people that they are directly opposing the will of the majority of Mainers. So yeah, so after non-discrimination, that was sort of after 2005 was after the height of the civil unions drama in Vermont. It was after the Goodridge decision in Massachusetts. And it was very clear that the fight for some form of relationship recognition and ideally marriage equality, that fight was there whether we wanted it or not. And so we sort of just jumped right in. And we started working on that. 2009, we went to the legislature. The legislature passed the bill. This was actually right around the time that Vermont's bill was happening. And I know you guys had to actually override a veto in order to get marriage equality into law. We didn't have to do that because our then governor, John Baldacci, was the first governor anywhere in the country to sign a marriage bill when he did that in May of 2009. And he beat the governor of New Hampshire by three days. We're always proud of that, that we beat them. But again, our opposition gathered signatures, put it on the ballot. And in the fall of 2009, that law was reversed by a margin of 53 to 47. So it was really close. But unfortunately, we lost. And then three years later, we had to go back on the 2012 ballot and we put it proactively on the ballot that time past marriage equality. This time we won 53 to 47. Sorry, you clearly have a question. Well, no, I didn't because I remember some of this debate. And that people talking after, you know, the first referendum where marriage equality was overturned, that people said that the sort of variable that people had missed is that you were also voting on bear traps in that same election. And people underestimated the impact of the people coming out to vote about bear traps and what that would have on marriage equality. And I will tell you that I remember it because it was such a bizarre discussion. And sort of one of the things about it, as you aptly had said, our rights shouldn't be a public debate. And it shouldn't be contingent on this relationship to any other interests. But please go on. And because I would really like to hear about how equality may help to do organizing and bring the state of things together because you're fairly rural area and geographically spread out so that you had effective campaigns.  So folks are very spread out here. You know, I mean, we because we knew that we were going to referendum, we could plan years ahead of time of when do we want to do this? When do we want to be on the ballot? What do we need to do between point A and point Z to be ready? We have amazing coalition partners here in the state of Maine, GLAD, GLBTQ, legal advocates and defenders we work with constantly. The superhero attorney of our movement, Mary Bonato, lives right here in Portland, Maine. So we're very lucky to have her here. The ACLU of Maine, the Maine transgender network, Maine women's lobby. We've just had a lot of partners that work really well together and have for a very long time. And so we knew that if the voters were going to decide we had to invest the time and the energy into making sure that they had the best information possible to make the best decision possible. So, you know, the reality is that it involved raising a lot of money, opening offices all over the state, hiring organizers all over the state to recruit volunteers to, like I said, do phone banking, do door knocking, do all of those things that you have to do in a campaign. But it worked, you know, I mean, we certainly didn't convince everyone, but we convinced enough, right? So, and of course, now all these years later, it's just like people think it's common sense. And I sometimes I have to remind them like, no, we worked really hard for that. Like that didn't just happen, you know, so. It's one of those that, you know, five years out, you look back and people sort of said, well, my life really didn't change. What was that all about? And you're right, you have to remind them. But it sounds as though what a quality main does really well is building coalition. So that it's not just you going out soldiering the burden of everything that needs to be done. You've got partners who have shared responsibilities. And that you're good at taking those people out and maintaining those relationships. That accurate? Yeah, I think so. And you sort of have to balance how that works, because you don't want I mean, some of our partner organizations are not LGBTQ organizations, but they are very committed to the values and the cause that we're working for. So you have to balance making sure that the voices and the experience of LGBTQ people is not lost. When you are working in coalition and that the people who are most impacted still have a say in the decision making, right? And vice versa, you know, when we're working, when we're supporting, for example, our partners at the main women's lobby, there are times when we need to take a backseat and the voices of women and girls need to be elevated more so than the voices of LGBTQ people. But it, but if you have trust and respect, you can have each other's back and support each other in ways that kind of lifts everybody up, if that makes sense. No, that does, that makes a great deal of sense. I mean, one of the conversations, particularly looking at the issue of racial equality and racial justice is being very cognizant of, yes, my voice has been heard, but who's happened? And have I really made room at the table so that they can share their voice as well? And I'm not in the forefront, but I'm supporting them and giving their voice the importance that it needs. And before we almost run out of time, I know it always goes much too quickly. I want to acknowledge that this past weekend, you know, stage main, which is now a part of Equality Main, you did a day long support symposium for LGBTQ plus elders. You know, is that type of activity something that Equality Main does on an ongoing basis to identify the needs of and to reach out to all of those different aspects of our communities?  And once those were done, kind of the world opened up for Equality Main and for our community, because we hope at least that the days of, you know, $5 million statewide votes on our rights are behind us and that we never have to do that again. And so it really did open up this world of possibility of like, okay, we've got basic non-discrimination, we've got marriage equality, we need so much more than that in our community, and let's like really invest in that. So yeah, we do a lot of work through our SAGE program on LGBT elders issues. We do a lot of work on LGBTQ youth. So some of that is working directly with schools and administrations on things like anti-bullying policies, bathroom and locker room, and athletics accessibility and inclusion. You know, we have a youth leadership program called the New Leaders Project. It's a summer camp that we run every summer for LGBTQ youth. So yeah, I mean, we still do the policy, as you know, in the legislature when we have issues affecting our community. But we want to make sure that we're not only talking about laws and policy, and we're actually talking about the real lived experience of people in our community, and how do we make equality real in day-to-day life. And with that, I need to say thank you for sharing part of your day with us. And I'm going to extend an invitation to you now because I would like you to come back and talk about what it was like to be an elected official in Maine and to serve in the Maine House of Representatives for four term. Sure, I'd be happy to do that. Okay, so with that, thank you so much, Matt. And you know, good luck with the legislature and good luck with the quality of Maine. Thank you so much, Keith. And thanks for having me on the show. Now that Vermont seems to be on the brink of getting ahead of COVID, and we all might start looking at resuming a degree of normalcy in our lives, thought it might be time to reach out to our LGBTQ plus organizations and check in to see how they're doing. What are the things that they're looking at bringing back and what that new normal might look like. So we're starting with the person you just saw on your screen. Please welcome back Dana Kaplan from outright Vermont. Welcome, Dana. Hey, thanks for having me. Oh, and so how is outright doing? I mean, COVID was challenging, particularly looking at youth. And all of the things that outright put in place to support our youth. Yeah, you know, it has been a long, long year for sure, with an incredible amount of adjustments. You know, the silver lining, I think, for us really has been the ability to connect with youth and families and educators that might not otherwise have been able to make it to one of our physical locations for programming. So that is certainly something that we are going to take with us. You know, when you talk about what's the new normal going to be or returning to returning to some semblance of what things were like before. You know, I think that some things are forever changed. I think our clarity around the need for connection around the need for friendship and, you know, the ability to just share a meal with somebody across the table, like those things are so so pivotal. And we've known that, but to be without and then to start to dip our toes into what it looks like to actually get to have that in person time together is massive. It's massive. So, you know, for outright Vermont, we are in the process of really thinking about what are some of the practices that we will move forward with because they've actually advanced our mission and helped to fuel the connection that we want to make sure that all youth and families have. And at the same time, we are so excited to be back in person, right? Like there's the both and we are incredibly excited to be looking forward to camp outright, which will happen in person this summer. We are in the month of May, we're doing three pop up field days of sorts that are replacing our typical 24 hour summit that usually happens at the end of May. Instead of doing one summit at one school with over 150 youth, we are traveling to different locations throughout the state. So, we'll be in Rutland, we'll be in Brattleboro, and we'll be in St. Johnsbury, basically having outside celebrations. You know, so, yeah, there's a there's a reckoning for us right now, organizationally, around what are the what are the ways that our mission has excelled based on these really unfortunate and hard circumstances, and what are the ways that we are so excited to say see and never. And we're going back to how we used to be able to do things. I was going to say, Ed, you know, as you were talking about the opportunity to create hybrid events, where there may be a virtual aspect and in person, I immediately thought about first Fridays, or the Friday night group, where, you know, when outright was in its early years, it's like, how did we get youth to a central location? It sounds as though you may be able to create something so that youth in rural areas can have some contact that's having to worry about how do I get there? How do I get home? And that's right. So, what might be presented by a Vermont winter? Yes, that's right. Absolutely. You know, Friday night group has been our the the founding program of the organization that has happened every single Friday night. Since 1989, you know, regardless of weather, regardless of holidays, Friday night group has happened. And pre pandemic, we were really looking at an expansion plan to have Friday night group happen in different locations throughout the state from, you know, that that number has shifted with from one up to four. And we were really looking at the next three years going into at least three new locations. And right now, the question instead is, do we you know, how do we keep some component of an online Friday night group for those youth who may just feel more comfortable, you know, being able to shut off their camera and still participate but participate in a different way, or for youth who do not have accepting families who can't rely on transportation or for whom transportation is not not consistently available regardless of a level of family acceptance. So, you know, we were already playing with what some of those models would look like moving into the future. And I think now in some ways it's just opened up the opportunity for really bringing in new possibilities. Okay.  So it's not necessarily disclosing I wouldn't have to worry about, you know, the rumor that got back to my parents. So you did, did you do the leadership summit again this year as the virtual event? We sure did. Yeah, we did leadership day usually happens at the state house with with youth from across the state and their GSA's and they come together. What we did instead this year and also last year was we broke it up into smaller days and we did three afternoons of online events. Folks got to speak with their state reps. There were specific organizing opportunities for youth to talk about what does it look like to bring gender affirming resources into our schools? What does it look like to stand up to harassment and hate? And so it's really a neat opportunity to get to do an even deeper dive into some topics that normally in a you know, in a day we just wouldn't be able to get to all of it. So that was a really that was a really sweet moment as well. So knowing that we continuously talk about and look for ways to include our youth voices in the advocacy work that we do and how we move our communities forward. Were there any specific recommendations from our youth coming out of leadership day that you would feel comfortable sharing with people? So people start thinking about oh you know maybe I could help advocate on this issue. Yeah I mean so the the campaigns that are really up for youth right now we've got youth organizers from seven folks from across the state that are really working either regionally or locally to move a couple of youth driven campaigns forward and one of those really is looking at how to bring gender affirming resources so binders and gaffs into schools so that any youth who is in need of that level of of gender support is able to have that access and we're looking at doing that sort of similarly to how common distribution has happened in schools and looking at how to really resource school nurse offices as places where youth can access those resources. A lot of conversation also is specifically focused on SROs in school and the intersection of challenges of of homophobia and racism and transphobia and how to create more caring and restorative communities when there has been an incident what does it look like for the community to move through that and how can that best best happen especially for youth who are marginalized and often targeted in those systems so there's been a lot of interest and involvement from youth around being in those conversations about creating healthy accountable communities. Those are those were two of the top campaigns that had a lot of a lot of focus in this in this session of leadership days. So what people might be looking to is when some of these conversations get elevated to a school board level ensuring that there are parents supportive community members who are willing to make statements supporting the initiatives put forward by the youth but keeping in mind the we want to be supportive of youth versus our voices replacing our youth voices. They're the ones that need to be heard and ain't just us.  That's absolutely right. We are looking and and similarly as with a number of our programs we're looking at doing a hybrid model for the fire truck pull. So for some folks the opportunity to shoot a video just in their own backyard created the ability for them to join into that event. We had a really great involvement from the community across Vermont being able to be on social media and so that was a that was a bright spot that we didn't necessarily anticipate just creating a different level of access and we are very very hopeful and making plans that in early October we will once again take over church street with fabulous costumes and all sorts of crowds cheering and pulling for LGBTQ youth and we're really so so excited to get to think about doing that in person for sure. I mean it's always been one of my favorite events because first I am just amazed that somebody can actually get the fire truck to move. Yeah it's amazing it's amazing what we can do when we coordinate together as a community right? It's one of those absolute visual of this is what working collaboratively can do. That's right. But we can talk briefly about when outright was first being founded and people thinking about how do we pay the rent and individual members submitting to paying a month's rent to ensure that outright set up on this feat. I think you may be about to become a little more stable on your feet. You've got something going on right now that is so exciting about a permanent home crowd. That's right that is absolutely right. So we are thrilled to be at this public phase of outright's first ever capital campaign to purchase our space so that youth can forever belong. The campaign was called Building a Hopeful Future for LGBTQ youth and is a really incredible opportunity that the organization has looked at over the past 30 years and we're not in a position to be able to do and thanks to incredible community members and the acknowledgement that we need to show up in right sized big ways to ensure that we will always be here. We have been successful and have closed on the building as of two weeks ago. So we've closed on the building we are still raising final funds and it is just a humbling moment especially having a conversation with you Keith and thinking about that origin story to be able to know that we will not be kicked out to know that we will always be able to be here and really this is a move that is about security and stability for an LGBTQ youth organization. It's pretty radical. It warms my heart in ways that I can't even begin to describe. So if people have not gotten direct mailing from you all about the capital campaign people could go on to the outright website and see the description of what is available and where you are and how they can support this. That's right. When we went public we had just under $60,000 left to raise of our overall campaign goal and the community response has been just fabulous you know it's really we knew that it was really important for us to be able to share this moment with our community and have folks be able to help us cross the finish line and so yeah folks can certainly give a call to outright can go on to the website which is just www.outrightvt.org. Happy to talk more about what this looks like we've got some really exciting interior renovation plans in place that are driven by youth need for a different level of intimacy and privacy right now the space is beautiful and some of the painting actually mirrors the stripes of the flag that you are sitting in front of Keith but really just looking at the ways that we can tweak the space to have it be exactly what youth need and yeah it's a big deal as you say made possible because folks recognize the importance of this moment you know there's so much loud anti trans rhetoric out there right now and this is this is a move that says that we will be here and that youth will always have a place to belong and in and of itself that's you know that's life saving we all we all need that so so it sounds as though as so good restrictions ease and as you move forward I might be looking for an opportunity to pull out that flamingo shirt again and come to a ribbon cutting we we would love it we would love it and yeah we're getting there you know slowly but surely we'll have these not summit days or what we're calling it the not summit that'll happen in May camp will happen in early July for the first time ever we're doing two separate back-to-back sessions of camp based on youth need you know in in 2019 when we were in person camp was full within 33 minutes of opening registration and as soon as we saw that we said we gotta we gotta expand it so we are thrilled to be able to do that this year and we will operate closer to 75 capacity for each session just to make sure that we're staying safe but it it it just feels like it's going to be such an incredible celebration and we'll go from there in terms of Friday night groups in person and other programming okay so with that thank you so much for spending this time with us and as we get closer to that ribbon cutting we're going to invite you back we're going to have a party for sure Keith thank you for joining us we'll see you in two weeks but in the meantime resist


Cuba's regime sent fighters to help Russia in Ukraine. Despite mounting evidence of its involvement in the war in Ukraine, the communist regime in Cuba is attempting to cover up its military intervention in the conflict and assistance to Russia according to the Hill Media outlet. It is noted that Cuba's Ministry of Foreign Affairs has prompted the narrative broadcast worldwide that a Klandestein network trafficked hundreds of Cuban men sent to fight in Ukraine. Furthermore, it has blamed this criminal enterprise on the 17 Cuban citizens who face severe punishment. Cuba's communist regime has hardly hidden its affinity or, more accurately, subordination to Moscow. The Russian government negotiated an agreement with the Belarusian Deputy Defense Minister for International Military Cooperation Valery Revenko to train Cuban troops in that country and to increase military cooperation in a planned manner. In addition, various sources have confirmed the covert military operation carried out by the Havana regime against the Ukrainian people. On May 24, 2023, news outlets in Russia's Ryazan region reported that several Cubans were already fighting in Ukraine after videos of soldiers with Cuban flags were uploaded to social media. On September 5, 2023, a high-ranking Russian military official told the Moscow Times that international battalions on the front lines in Ukraine were comprised mainly of Cubans and Serbs. However, evidence has surfaced contradicting the regime's claims that those citizens had enlisted in the Russian army after they left Cuba.


This is a presentation of TFNN. The Tom O'Brien Show is produced every business day. Tom takes your phone calls toll-free at 1-877-927-6648 internationally at<PHONE_NUMBER>. Let's go to Phil and Puerto Rico. Hey, Phil, what's going on? Hey, Tom, doing great. Just wanted to thank you guys and the whole crew. Best content on the internet. Really appreciate everything you guys are doing. We appreciate you growling and prowling with us out here. Phil, how did you find us? I just typed in live trading on YouTube one morning. Cool. I was looking for any type of live trading room you guys came up with. Awesome. I know quality when I see it, but at least I like to think so.  I appreciate everything you guys do. Welcome to the Target family. We appreciate you growling and prowling with us. My pleasure. Now, Tom O'Brien. Welcome, folks. This is Tom O'Brien at TFNN. We have five days a week. We go seven hours a day. We go 24 hours a day in the internet at TFNN.com. Always remember, folks, whatever you think about, you bring about whatever. You focus on growth. Hope everyone's having a great day. Safe day. Like a great weekend, folks. It's a TGIF. Create the perfect relationship between you and your body. Treat your body with love on a gratitude and respect. When you're making a goal to adore your body and accept yourself completely, you are learning to have the perfect relationship with anyone else you are with. Guys, let's take a look at it out here. We have the Dow Industries right now trading down $3.32. Nasdaq's off $3.11. S&P's down $6.67. Gold contract down $20.20. Traded $18.51 an ounce. We have Silver down $0.35. $21.92 an ounce. Platinum down $13 at $1,014 an ounce. Light sweet crude just keeps steaming higher, baby. Up $284. $119.71 a barrel. Notes and bonds. The 10-year note. Down nine ticks. Trading $1,188.30 a year. Off $16 at $138.07. And $Kingdala. $Kingdala's up $337 ticks. At $102.161. Euro $107. Yen $130.82 in the British pound. At $124.01 at U.S. dollar. Our phone number's<PHONE_NUMBER>. It was called, folks. One note's going on in your world. In the world of the S&Ps, let's take a look at them. What do you have? Well, let's go look at the futures first and kind of figure out where we're going to go into this close. So we take a look at the futures out here. You had the... We've had a 90-point move here. This is pretty amazing, actually. Well, it's the market we're in. There's no doubt. We had a high out here of... Well, I guess, no, it's 80-point move. Right now, you're down 63. The bottom line is giving everything back from yesterday. And let's just see where we're at. Okay, so if we take a look at this... Well, it's not bad. You know, when it actually was... When it was going up a little bit earlier, that volume wasn't bad. Now the battle's going to be, let's see. So it's 309. Okay, so the battle... I love this. This hour's great, man. So the battle is right here. This is where the battle is... You know, you can see this little expansion in volume right there. We just did 22,000. You're going to start the next 10-minute bar, and you're going to start that bar going after the lows of today. And the lows of today, folks, had 23,000 contracts. That's light contract volume. You know, so they can very well get into that in about two seconds flat. Let's go take a look at the NQs. This is on the intraday basis now. The NQs are down 347 ticks. They pull this back. Okay, they just had an expansion of volume, too. They're going to go after these lows, man. Yeah, so we just did 9,000 contracts on the 10-minute. That low has 11,000 to 14,000. A couple bars there. This is going to go after these lows, man. And what's sticking out like a sore thumb is the low that was established out here yesterday morning. That's a high volume low at 8.20 in the morning. No, I guess it was 9.30. It was the opening bar. Now, that's on the daily. We take a look at this in the weekly. What you're going to see out here is this. This has been building cause for bottom line, lower price. We take a look at the weekly. I pull this weekly up. Put this on a couple of years. What you're going to see is that we had volume last week of 426 million in the spy. Right now, you have 314. But if you add that extra day, it's going to come in somewhere around 400 million. So you got over the high, which is 415, 38. You close underneath it. I suspect unless we have a super rally in the next 45, well, 45, yeah. 50 minutes. Bottom line, it's going to be a failure on price or failure on volume. What is that set up? That sets up going right after the lows once again, which is 380. Right now you're 410. NDX 100, same type of set up inside the NDX. Bottom line is that you got over the high.  We take this on and you're going to see last week what we had out here is 330 million shares. That's five. You've done 233 and that one there. Let me just figure this out quick way. Where are you? Okay, so let's see what we got. 233, whoops, 233 I said. Right, yeah. Okay. Yeah, it's going to be 291 approximately versus 330. So what you can also see here is this. So check this out. When you do the volume calc on that, what you have is that the aspect of it's showing that the cues are still much weaker than the spy. That's what it comes down to. Because when you do the calc and the spy, you come in about 5% light of volume and the cues, you come in a lot. It's 10, 15%. So it's a larger number. When we get closer to the close, I will do that. Let's go take a look at the platinum market. That's been on a nice little tear. We got a couple questions about, do you have a double top? And my take is that not even close. What you have out here is this. Okay, so watch. Platinum is down 13 bucks. You've gone straight up, well, last five days. We're from 924 to 1037. Your swing point out here is 1026. So now what you have, you'll build some more cars. I mean, this is a nice move. This is a nice move up there. You'll build some more cars. You know, what game out here is this 1190 right now. And if we go over to good old, well, let's go to Goldfrikes, then we'll do King Dollar. Well, we go take a look at Gold. Gold backing down out here today. And look at the contraction of Gold. Gold's on its way higher, folks, okay? Bottom line, what we did out here, and this is, when these happen, man, this is a gift from the trading gods. Because what you have out here, so yesterday we go higher with 127,000 car contracts. Well, we've done 106,000, okay?  But bottom line is that higher prices are coming at us. What you had out here, if you take a look at some of the Gold equities yesterday, I was looking at them today, rather, that, you know, went higher, what you have out here is that the bottom line is that these babies, let me see, is that September, okay? They're pulling back with life volume. We ought to take a look at the 10-year, bottom line, 10-year out here is going also after it's, you're at 118, 18, can't hold price. Bottom line is low is game once again. Stay right there folks, show them right back. Time of booming inflation, we are purchasing powers eroded, there's no better place to protect your harder and money-thinning gold. This is the gold's flagship asset, is the Monk Todd Gold Project in the Northern Territory of Australia. This is Australia's largest undeveloped gold project. We are talking a world-class gold project in a tier one mining district. This is a large-scale, low-cost project with significant existing infrastructure in a politically safe and friendly mining jurisdiction. This, the gold just completed the Monk Todd Feasibility Study, which resulted in a 7 million ounce gold reserve in a 16-year mine life. All of this combined with the approvals of all major operational, as well as environmental permits. This distinguishes Monk Todd as an attractive, diverse party, ready-development stage gold project. This, the gold trades on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol VGZ. Are you looking for a way to consistently add winning trades to your portfolio? Tom O'Brien is here to help. Tom O'Brien has been successfully trading markets for over 30 years. A frequent contributor to TD Ameritrade Network and CNBC, Tom O'Brien founded TFNN over 20 years ago to help educate investors just like you. Tom's Daily Market Newsletter, Market Insights, is published every morning when the market's open to give you the competitive informational edge you need to succeed. These newsletters are packed full of Tom's advanced technical analysis and are geared to deliver comprehensive strategies for a successful portfolio. Get Tom O'Brien's newsletter, Market Insights, today, and try all of our products and newsletters 30 days risk-free with our money-back guarantee at TFNN.com. TFNN, educating investors. 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You know, it's so funny is that when you call and do it, I'm saying to myself, the program started off with you. We're all part of the Lucky You Know What Club, right? That's a beautiful thing, man. MRNS. MRNS. MRNS. Let's see what we got here. So, let's see. Okay. This is a pharmaceutical to manufacture medical products, a development commercialization of medical drugs for the treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders, epilepsy, epilepsy, traumatic stress. Okay. So, let's take a look. Revenue. The low is 14. The high is 19. Okay. So, just getting off the ground here. They take in 14 million first quarter. They plan on only taking in 2 million this quarter. Okay. So, let's see what we got here. Okay. So, bring this back. Put this on a monthly. So, yeah, this is not a bad-looking chart, Phil. This is what, okay, so what happens with these, like, you know, we go back, folks, that 2015 the stock was at 82 bucks, okay? Bottom line lays out, goes all the way down to $3. We hit 419 last month, but it is getting a little poppy, I mean. Yeah. I mean, you could be in this for a little bit. Let me just see. Are they waiting for it? Let me just see something. Okay. Okay. So... They're going to launch one of their products next month, a drug for a rare... I forget if it was seizure or... I see. ...some rare disorder. So, it says here that they were granted additional time in the European review for their seizure candidate. You know, for trade, the bottom line is that, you know, it doesn't look that bad. That's the real bottom line. What happens is that when you get an equity that has got hurt this bad, what you want to see it do, which this hasn't done yet, Phil, right, is take out a swing point.  You're just getting in for, you know, whether it's a few days or whatever. I can see that. I can see that.  This is when you get a huge volume, like when you go back to March and it couldn't take out that swing, that's a problem, because that means someone's just selling into it. That's when it started out at $8, went to $12.37 and then ended at $8.50 again. You know, but it doesn't mean that you can't go to the bottom of that, which is $8.50. Yeah. That sounds good, Tom. I appreciate it. Okay, man, you have a great one and a safe one. Hey, have a great weekend. Thank you. I'll see you guys next week. Thanks, man. Our phone number is<PHONE_NUMBER>. Let's go take a look at, well, first. Okay, so CL-1, we're going to go look at this oil market. This oil market gets $150 in it, man. This is going to be like insane, where the pump prices, I just paid $5.25. You know, $5.52 yesterday at Speedway. Now, Speedway around here, you know, is, Thornton's is the least expensive, and Thornton's is running a lot like it just happened there was Speedway's in front of me when I stopped, but that's the most I've paid thus far. Let's pull this up, put this on a monthly. Okay. Oh, look at that. Oh, yeah, this is like a new brand, man. So, 147's game. Let me pull this back further. Come on, computer. Come on. Working out. Let's go. It's, I think the computer just took a weekend already. Oh, yeah, look at this. Okay, so, yeah, this, this, you know, where the 147 is game, that's the real bottom line. If it ever breaks 147, man, watch out, man. But that 147 is game. Let's go take a look at HG. Let's go take a look at the copper market out here. So copper right now, that's trading at 446. That's down eight and a half pennies today. I had a huge move yesterday. I had volume yesterday too, man. So copper is on its way to the highs again, which is 501 a pound. So let's go take a look at Freeport Mack Moran, FCX. And this is a nice setup, man. Freeport Mack runs an ABC up. Thanks, Ryan. This is going to be a good trade, man. Okay, so let's do the numbers here. 41, 33. So you got, let's say, eight bucks. That's 44. It's going to dig into these bars. That's an ABC up. 44 is game, man. That's on your daily. Put this on a weekly. Yeah, it's going to, it's going to come into some flak, but this is a good setup, man. This is definitely a good setup. Yeah, there's a lot there to be had. There's no two ways about it. Let's go and see. Oh, so Elon Musk out there, bottom line.  This is, you know, pulling down and, let's see if it has hit 501. Did it already hit 501? No, 620. So, I mean, this thing, your next leg here is 500. Break 500 and you're going to be at 193. That's how this thing is set up. You can see, I mean, it has a high volume low at the 620 area right now. And then, so Elon come out, and so the way he's a trip, man, let's see, let's see, what did he say? He'd only sell his jobs. I've got to find it. His quote was something like, it's going to be bad. Something's coming down the pike. Well, what's coming down the pike, folks, is higher interest rates. And the whole world, yeah, the world in general, has been used to very inexpensive interest rates for a huge amount of time. That's how it comes down to. Yeah, the big bars in, so when we just looked at Freeport McRan, the big bars in FCX, that's why it has to build cars in order to get through them. That's a supply line. And yeah, that will not happen overnight. That's the bottom line. That's how it's set up. Let's go to what Dan in Los Angeles. Hey, Dan, what's going on? Hi, Tom. A great friend of you. Just wanted to find out about how exactly this quantitative tightening effects to our 401k account, our investment, and what exactly do you suggest for a long-time holder? This is a great question. What happens, there's a couple things, for a 401k, now, this is a cool thing about a 401k, folks, okay, that the bottom line is that you can sell into the market on a 401k and not pay taxes. Yeah, stay right there. We're going to be coming right back. Dow Industries right now, down 368, and Azix off 325, S&P zero off 70. We're going to be talking about our man, Dan from LA. We're going to be talking about the market, we're going to be talking about a 401k, and we're going to be talking about, you know, when you sell, not paying taxes because you're in a 401k, so it's a whole different ballgame as to how you can actually protect yourself. Stay right there, folks, you're coming right back. I'm gonna publish the Gold Report with coverage of gold, silver, bonds, DXAU, HUI, GDX, as well as more than 30 different mining equities. To seep yourself, the types of profitable trades that are recommended within the Gold Report, sign up now by visiting TFNN.com. 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Tom O'Brien has just announced a live timing the trade webinar Friday, June 10th, from 9 a.m. until 2 p.m. Eastern time. Join Tom O'Brien for five hours of live education as he teaches you his trading methodology right from his bestselling book, The Art of Timing the Trade, Your Ultimate Trading Mastery System. In this live webinar, Tom O'Brien will be teaching you his entire trading system, including quality volume, ABC structures, Fibonacci Confluence Zones, Cause and Effect, Swing Points, and more. We will be limiting this class to 40 attendees, so please do not delay and reserve your seat today for this special live event with Tom O'Brien. All attendees will also receive a physical copy of his book, The Art of Timing the Trade, an $88 value, mail to you, along with a free month of his daily newsletter, Market Insights, a $169 value.  This segment is brought to you by Think or Swim. For more information, just click the Think or Swim banner on the front page of TFNN.com. Welcome back, folks, Dow. Dow Industries right now down 327.  We're talking with Dan from LA, and we're talking about the market and 401k. So Dan, first, let's talk the market for a second. So the market, you know, like, say you get Elon Musk saying, okay, it's a super bad feeling, right? About the market, you got Jamie Dimon saying, okay, there might be a hurricane coming. That being said, I don't see this like a 2007, 2008. Okay, you know, we'll see when these rates keep going up about who doesn't have a bait and suit on his naked, you know, and has overleveraged themselves. But I don't see it as a 2008. Now that being said, market-wise out here, I think we're going lower, you know? And the aspect is to crush inflation, they have to keep going up on rates.  You know, because the bottom line is that these large companies, the reason that large companies, you know, you see them make so much money is that they take so much risk in the aspect of how much they're actually leveraging themselves, right? So let's take a look at the S&P, because now let's get into the, yeah, you asked a question about your 401K, right? And this is, this is what the way that I look at, you know, the cool thing, this is different, folks, if you have, you know, an investment account and it's in a taxable account versus a 401K. The difference in a 401K is that guess what? You can sell, you've made money, you're not going to pay tax on the money, okay? So the way I look at this is that right now the S&P is at 4,100, okay? The all-time high is out here at 4,800, right? So depending on how you feel about the market, let's just, let's just do a number. Let's just say there's 100,000 in your 401K. And you know, at the highs, okay, the bottom line was 120,000. That being said though, the bottom line is that we are still at an area and you know, my son Tommy had brought this up a couple of times on the show and this is really important to understand. We're in an area from April of 2021. So I would ask myself this, and I did this in a big way, not only just in investment in general, okay? I sold it to this in a monster way, real estate-wise, okay? And this is where I go with it, is that if the market goes down 20%, how's that going to affect you? And if the other side of that is that if I'm totally wrong and then the market goes up 20%, how does that affect you? So the real case there is that you could get in cash and say, okay, if the market goes up 20%, I don't get the 20%. But if you get in cash and the market goes down 20%, it's like, okay, you know, I'm pretty good. So that is kind of what you have to ask yourself, Dan, do you know what I'm saying? Yeah, got it. So do you suggest like if at all if it goes down, like maybe regularly when you're adding to a monthly, you want into cash for now, then add it back when it goes down? Oh, I would definitely keep adding. I mean, you put as much money in, I would still put the amount of money that you can put in, I just wouldn't put it into the market, but put it into your account because you only put so much here and then it's just in cash, you see what I'm saying? So it's really one of those deals that, you know, and I've found this is a really cool way of investing in general folks, okay? Because what happens is this, like, so picture, Tampa right now is the number one real estate in the country. My take on this is that I've been selling into it in a monster way, okay? And I'm happy where I'm at. I don't even care if it goes up another 20%, okay? So I still have prime pieces, but I don't care, I sold a lot, okay? I really would care when I look at the portfolio, if it went down 20%, I wouldn't dig that, man, because it's like, you know, what happens in the market, whether it's the stock market or real estate market, right? Normally it goes small, small, small and then accelerated dramatically. Now the exact same thing happened in the S&Ps as in the real estate market. You don't get those moves, man. I've been doing this long enough. You just don't get those moves. So it's like, oh, man, I'm going as much cash as I can have and then wait out a year, you know? So. Yeah, some of the reason I'm asking is like, have been through like 2008 crash at that time, like, hold for opening a account like totally 40, 50% down or whatever I made. And then I didn't want to happen again if Elon Musk, like, folks are betting and then a whole market of people are saying that Hurricane is coming, like you are saying. Just wanted to see like maybe going to say more, maybe 50% because that party 60 bond also, it was not working. So bonds also went down. So it was like a trivial way, like way to hide in it. That's right.  So what he just brought up folks is that this is the mantra for financial advisors in the Wall Street in general, okay? That, you know, 40% bond, 60% stock, okay? I can tell you, I've been doing this now since like in 1981. I've never seen that work, ever, okay? This is just like a deal that evidently they came up with at some particular point, okay?   You know, because that's game. And the reason I'm saying that's game is that there's plenty of equities, including J.P. Morgan that has already done that. You know, so to me, when I look at like a J.P. Morgan and say, okay, man, you already have been digging into, you know, this much low, that's serious business, man. So, you know, and this has to do with, you know, that whole fear of missing out. If you're happy, I just go over the whole deal again. If you're happy with where you are right now, no, let's say that you, we all are, you know, I always say that saying, yes, there's gone, tomorrow is not here, what are you doing right now? Well, picture, right now, whatever you have in your 401k you have. If it goes up 20%, of course, you'll be happy. But if it goes down 20%, what are you gonna do? If you can, if you feel that you're okay with that, then you can stay where you're at. But, you know, when we're 401k, you don't have a tax consequence. All that's gonna mean is you're getting cash, you have a cash position, and if it does get out of 20%, well, good. Then when you feel comfortable to get back in the market, you get back in the market, man, you know. God, thank you very much, Tom, for taking your position. Have a great one, man, have a safe one. You too. And there is a huge difference. So now let's talk about the aspect and this is where it's more dangerous, for sure. Because when, if you have your equities in a taxable account, folks, okay, that's something that, that's a whole different ball game because the bottom line, depending what kind of tax structure you're in, right? If you're gonna pay 34 cents in the dollar on a equity, I would not be selling. That's the bottom line, it's not even close. Because the, one of the reasons that Buffett has got so rich, okay, is that he knows that you buy something. This is what all of us should be doing, by the way, okay? If you have stocks in taxable accounts, the bottom line should just be trying to buy the best stocks you have and just run it out. I tell people when they're starting, okay, and this, you should give this device to everyone. You're starting out just by the spy and forget it. You're 20 years old, you're 30 years old, buy the spy, forget it, see a later, go have a life, come back in 30 or 40 years and take a look at it, because guess what? If that's not up dramatically in 30 or 40 years, it's not gonna matter. The rest of it's gonna be close too. Stay right there, folks, come right back. Are you in the market for buying or selling real estate in the Bay Area, including the surrounding St. Petersburg, Tampa, and Clearwater markets? Tiger Real Estate LLC is a firm that has extensive experience in the Tampa Bay Area. Whether you're looking to sell your current property for maximum value, or you're in the market for a second home or investment property, Tiger Realty has the experience across all areas of real estate in the Tampa Bay Area to help buyers and sellers make the most informed decisions across all price levels. From the price you should be paying per square foot in certain up and coming areas to the type of cash flow investment properties are capable of creating, Tiger Real Estate can help you make the best decision when it comes to all areas of the market. 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The funds are designed to be utilized only by sophisticated investors such as traders and active investors. Distributor, four-side fund services, LLC. This program is brought to you by Vistagold, traded on the NYSE American and TSX under the symbol VGZ. Welcome back, folks, to Dow. Dow Industrial is right now at down to 336. You get the NASDAQ off 304. S&Ps are down at 65. Let's go inside the Dow. And well, first off, let me look at this Dow. Okay, so let's see what we did. Okay, same deal. So the Dow is gonna have the same deal, meaning you got over the high, yep, just over, they just made it too. So the Dow got to 33272. Yep, they got over, it's gonna close underneath it. Okay, so inside the Dow Industrial, let's see what's moving this Dow out here today. So you have putting juice into it is Caterpillar plus 15, Chevron plus 11, IBM 4. Taking away from it UnitedHealth minus 40, Apple minus 38, Goldman minus 34. So we go take a look at, let's go to Apple first. Okay, so Apple's pulling back. Already has an expansion of volume from yesterday. We're 72 yesterday, we're already at 73. We take this, put this on a weekly. Same setup, man, yeah, these are all, and if Apple's in AB, oh man, yeah, if folks, you just gotta be careful out here, man. That's the bottom line.  Okay, so the calendar, let's take a look at this. Okay, so we have a meeting on the 15th. So that's gonna be the 15th at two o'clock. We're at the third now, right? Yeah. So they go up another half a point there, and I think that's gonna put more heat on it. And so what also happens on the 15th is this, check this out. They're rolling off the balance sheet, right? So the first roll off is actually the 15th. And what that means specifically is this, is that the bonds that they have have expired, okay? So they'll get the interest on it, that's expired, but they're not gonna buy another 15 billion. That's the first roll off, okay? So simultaneously, they go up another half point, they start rolling down. My take is that they're gonna probably blow it, and not go up in July, because the market will be so heavy against them. Then what you'll have is this, is that the numbers on inflation won't stop. So if that's what we get, they are gonna go up another half a point. Even like ASAP, they have to go up another half a point, because the bottom line is that, they're saying that yeah, inflation eight percent, nine percent, whatever that is. You start running these same type of numbers, and people start losing their jobs. That's stagflation folks, that's how that works, okay? That the numbers are already baked into the system, and I heard a deal that they were claiming that it wasn't baked into the payrolls. It's baked into the payrolls in a monster way, man. I mean, they're not running any companies. It's baked into the payrolls in a monster way. So I suspect what we're gonna see, now this morning with your hat out here, is that it was a decent jobs number. That decent jobs number, when you dig into that jobs number though, and this is what I think you're gonna have, which is unfortunate, yeah, you're gonna have travel come back, okay, that's a huge part of the business. That's what those numbers to there, travel was huge, they're coming back, but guess what you're gonna have?   And so here, let me tell you this story. Oh, so this is a trip, right? So right now, I'm building four houses. All right, three of them are already sold, I'll sell the other one, all right? And so I've been dealing with the same guy with pools for a long time, okay? Bottom line, he went up on the pools, and you can tell, I've been doing this long enough. I brought this up before. These houses are going up so quick, I've said to my subs, I said, hey man, are you slowing down? They're definitely, and of course, they all say, no, no, no, no, we're not slowing down. Do you know what I mean?  So check this out. So the guy that I have with the pools, you know, no, not five of glass pools, Jesus damn, God. Anyway, okay, we know, we do cement pools with Pebble Tech, five of glass pools, man. You must have been in Boston too long, I guess, I don't know. Anyway, so the bottom line is that, let's see, I've been dealing with him seven or eight years now, right? So at the beginning of it, because the beginning, they didn't have a lot of, well, they had a lot of business, okay? But the bottom line is that, you get return phone calls and all that.  So what ends up happening? Two days ago, I call up, just what? We got a return phone call immediately. Oh, I'm calling you back, Tom, because you called me. It's like, oh yeah, really? Those are the things, folks, that you want to pick up on. Because what happens is that, yeah, he don't get a lot of orders for four pools at a time, okay? My point in all of this is that when I look, and I'm coming into work, when you look at the amount of people that are actually subs, and I look at the amount of people, but with the amount of checks I write out, it can keep a huge amount of people employed. And when you pull back, well, what ends up happening? Well, what ends up happening is, you know, less subs are gonna be healthy. Now, we've been lucky enough, you know what I mean, that I'm still building enough for the next year. But you get the gist of it. The gist of it is that, if people, the gist of my take, the gist of it will take a hit, the hits are already starting, and you know, the bottom line is that a lot of people are gonna get hurt. That's, when I cut to the chase, that's kind of how this whole thing shakes out. Yeah, I want to show you this too. Yesterday, this was cool, because what you had yesterday, you can see, you know, you had that huge, you know, day up, look at this volume here. Contraction of volume, big time. 946 million, it couldn't be, the NYSE couldn't even do a billion shares. We go into the composite, the NASDAQ composite, bottom line, 4.4 billion shares, okay? Forget it, man.  This has been like a classic for a Memorial Day weekend, coming back for a Memorial Day weekend.  It could be a razor blade cut all summer long though, folks.  You know, you get down a couple legs, you can do a couple of great legs on the way back and then see you don't want to be. And the acceleration, you know, and the next leg is just as fast as the first leg.  Stay right there, folks. Come right back. Sharpening your skills as an investor is like getting better at playing a musical instrument. You have to practice, sure, but you also need excellent instruction from experts. 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When you subscribe, you'll get a weekly report from veteran day trader Larry Pesavento on stocks you need to pay attention to and you can trust Larry's analysis. After all, he's got 45 years' experience as a day trader. Larry will also provide daily charts, videos, and data on the key markets that he's tracking. Expect notifications from Larry on market movement you need to act on at any time. First-time subscribers also get a 30-day money-back guarantee. If you're not satisfied, let us know and you'll get a full refund within 30 days of signing up. Subscribe to the Fibonacci 24-7 newsletter today. TFNN.com, educating investors. Don't forget, you can listen to TFNN live on your mobile device 24 hours per day. Go to TFNN.com and hit Watch Tiger TV. That's TFNN.com, then hit Watch Tiger TV. Welcome back, folks, to Dow. Dow Industrial is right now down at 348. You get the Nasdaq off 307. S&Ps are off 67. And so let's take a look at what you got here. So that's a downdraft of, no, wrong one. There we go. Okay, so inside of the Nasdaq is 1.5 in the S&Ps and one in the Dow. Let's go take a look at the composite. So the composite out here right now, yeah, it's in the middle of the range from yesterday, but the weekly's the same deal. The weekly's gonna get over the high. The high of last week was 12,131. So bottom line is that that's gonna go after the lows. And what you'll see, I mean, if this is ever, let's see, 16,500, God, 5,000.  Let me just go look at this for a second. 8,000, 9,800's there. Yeah, we'll see where this baby shakes out. That's the bottom line. The way that you gotta look at this is that, we've talked about this many times, okay? That when interest rates are low, all of us, if you go back to the aspect of how the economy works, I get money, I give it to you. You give it to someone else, you give it to someone else. It's the velocity of that how it goes, right? When interest rates are higher, every one of us signatures are worth less money. So that means there's less money to go around. When there's less money to go around, unfortunately, what ends up happening is that there's people that, as I say, don't have a bathing suit on. They're toast, and what ends up happening then is that all of us get things at less expensive prices. And that just brings the economy down, until it doesn't. But once it starts, it starts. It doesn't turn like in a second, man. Always remember, folks, the bank and claw your head out the book and run you over, and thank God, there's always another trade. Health happens in prosperity. Have a great weekend, folks. Have a safe weekend. Come back and visit Tommy Monday morning, kicks us off, great show, folks. Yeah, we'll get him, folks. Building wealth trading in the stock market seems impossible to mo-


Hello and welcome to the session on GoBack N and Selective Repeat Sliding Window Protocols. At the end of this session, student will be able to describe a GoBack N and Selective Repeat Sliding Window Protocol with example. The bidirectional protocols that belong to a class called Sliding Window Protocols are 1-Bit Sliding Window Protocol, GoBack N Sliding Window Protocol, Selective Repeat Sliding Window Protocol, Three bi-directional sliding window protocols with maximum sending window size & receiving window size are one-bit sliding window protocol has S&wan and receiving window size is one. Gobat N protocol has S& Similarly, Go bat is greater than one, and receiving window size is one. Selective repeat protocol has S& would be greater than one & receiving window size is greater than one. These protocols differ among themselves in terms of efficiency, complexity and buffer requirements. Until now the assumption was that the transmission time required for a frame to arrive at the receiver plus the transmission time for the acknowledgement to come back is negligible. Sometimes this assumption is clearly false. In these situations the long round trip time can affect the efficiency of the bandwidth utilization. For example, consider a 50 kbps satellite channel with a 500 millisecond round trip propagation delay. Let us imagine trying to use protocol 4 i.e. 1 bit sliding window protocol to send 1000 bit frames via the satellite. At t equal to 0 the sender starts sending the first frame. At t equal to 20 millisecond the frame has been completely sent. Under the best circumstances with a satellite channel with a 500 millisecond round trip propagation delay a frame takes 250 millisecond to reach at the receiver. At t equal to 20 millisecond the frame has been completely sent and requires 250 millisecond to reach at the receiver. So total time needed is 20 plus 250 i.e. t equal to 270 millisecond. Consider the frame has fully arrived at the receiver. Consider at t equal to 520 millisecond the acknowledgement arrived back at the sender. 520 minus 20 is 500. So for 500 millisecond sender is idle. Sender is blocked for 500 divided by 520 into 100 i.e. 96% of time. Bandwidth utilization is 20 divided by 520 into 100 i.e. 4%. So only 4% of the available bandwidth was used. Clearly the combination of a long transit time, high bandwidth and short frame length is disastrous in terms of efficiency. The problem described here can be viewed as a result of the rule requiring a sender to wait for an acknowledgement before sending another frame. If we relax that restriction, much better efficiency can be achieved. Basically the solution lies in allowing the sender to transmit up to W frames before blocking instead of just one. With a large enough choice of W, the sender will be able to continuously transmit frames since the acknowledgement will arrive for previous frames before the window becomes full, preventing the sender from blocking. The technique of keeping multiple frames in transit is an example of pipelining. Pipelining frames over an unreliable communication channel raises some serious issues. First, what happens if a frame in the middle of a long stream is damaged or lost? Large numbers of succeeding frames will arrive at the receiver before the sender even finds out that anything is wrong. When a damaged frame arrives at the receiver, it obviously should be discarded. What should the receiver do with all the correct frames following it? Remember that the receiving data link layer is required to send packets to the network layer in sequence. Two basic approaches are available for dealing with errors with pipelining. Those are go back n and selective repeat. Planning frames over an unreliable communication channel raises some serious issues. What happens if a frame in the middle of a long stream is damaged or lost? Large numbers of succeeding frames will arrive at the receiver before the sender finds something is wrong. In case of go back n protocol, the receiver simply discards all subsequent frames sending no acknowledgements for the discarded frames. This strategy corresponds to a receive window of size 1. In other words, the data link layer refuses to accept any frame except the next one it must give to the network layer. If the sender's window fills up before the timer runs out, the pipeline will begin to empty. Eventually, the sender will time out and retransmit all unacknowledged frames in order starting with the damaged or lost one. This approach can waste a lot of bandwidth if the error rate is high. In figure 1a, we see go back n protocol for the case in which the receiver's window size is 1. Frames 0 and 1 are correctly received and acknowledged. Frame 2 is damaged or lost. The sender is unaware of this problem and continues to send frames until the timer for frame 2 expires. Then it backs up to frame 2 and starts over with it. Sending frames 2, 3, 4, etc. all over again. With n bit sequence number, maximum sequence number is 2 raised to n minus 1 and maximum sending window size is 2 raised to n minus 1. For example, for 3 bit sequence number, max sq is equal to 2 raised to 3 equal to 8 minus 1. So it is 7 and window size is 7. The maximum number of frames that may be outstanding at any instant is not the same as the size of the sequence number space. For go back n, max sq frames may be outstanding at any instant. Even though there are max sq plus 1 distinct sequence numbers which are 0, 1 up to max sq. Before going further, pause the video for some time and find the answer. Once you have done this, you may resume the video. In the dash protocol, if no acknowledgement for all frame has arrived before timeout, sender resends all outstanding frames. Option A, stop and wait. Option B, go back n. Option C, selective repeat. Option D, none of these. The answer is B, go back n. The other general strategy for handling errors when frames are pipelined is called selective repeat. When it is used, a bad frame that is received is discarded, but any good frames received after it are accepted and buffered. When the sender times out, only the oldest unacknowledged frame is retransmitted. If that frame arrives correctly, the receiver can deliver to the network layer in sequence all the frames it has buffered. Selective repeat corresponds to a receiver's window size larger than 1. This approach can require large amount of data linked layer memory if the window size is large. Selective repeat is often combined with having the receiver send a negative acknowledgement i.e. NIC. When it detects an error, for example, when it receives a checksum error or frame out of sequence, NIC stimulates retransmission before the corresponding timer expires and thus improves performance. In figure 1B, frames 0 and 1 are again correctly received and acknowledged and frame 2 is lost. When frame 3 arrives at the receiver, the data linked layer there notices it has missed a frame. So it sends back a NIC for frame 2 but buffers frame 3. When frames 4 and 5 arrive, they too are buffered by the data linked layer instead of being passed to the network layer. Eventually, the NIC 2 gets back to the sender which immediately resends frame 2. When that arrives, the data linked layer now has 2, 3, 4 and 5 and can pass all of them to the network layer in the correct order. It can also acknowledge all frames up to and including 5 as shown in the figure. If the NIC gets lost, eventually the sender will time out for frame 2 and will resend it. In selective repeat, the maximum window size should be at most half the range of the sequence numbers. In general, the window size for protocol 6, that is selective repeat, will be max SCQ plus 1 divided by 2. Number of buffers needed is equal to window size. So with 3 bits, the sequence numbers range from 0 to 7, the max SCQ is 7, window size is equal to 7 plus 1 divided by 2 is equal to 4, number of buffers needed is also 4. In this video, we have seen go back N and selective repeat sliding window protocols. Thank you.


Hello and welcome to the session. In this session we will discuss a question which says that an architect's drawing for a new school building shows the library as 8.4 cm long. If the scale on the drawing is 1 cm is equal to 4 meters, what is the length of the actual library? Now before starting the solution of this question we should know a result. And that is scale is equal to drawing dimension upon actual dimension and a scale can be written without units when units are same in drawing and in actual and a scale written without units is called scale factor. Now this result will work out as a key idea for solving out the given question. Now let us start with the solution of the given question. Now in this question scale is given to us also length of library in scale drawing is given to us and we have to find length of actual library. Now we have to find length of actual library. Now there are two methods by which we can solve this question. Let us discuss the method one. Now in method one we will make the use of scale. Now from the key idea we know that scale is equal to drawing dimension upon actual dimension. Now here length of library in scale drawing is 8.4 cm. Now let actual length of library be any meters. Now given scale is equal to 1 cm upon 4 meters. Also from the key idea scale is equal to drawing dimension and here drawing dimension is 8.4 cm upon n which is n meters. Therefore we have 1 cm upon 4 meters is equal to 8.4 cm upon n meters. This implies n is equal to 4 cm upon 1 cm into 4 meters which is equal to 8.4 into 4 meters which is equal to 33.6 meters. Therefore length of actual library is equal to 33.6 meters. Now let us discuss the second method of solving this question and in this method we will make the use of scale factor. Now again from the key idea we know that a scale without units is called scale factor. Now scale is given to us as 1 cm upon 4 meters. So given scale is equal to 1 cm upon 4 meters. Now let us write this scale without units. Now we know that 1 meter is equal to 100 cm. So 4 meters will be equal to 4 into 100 cm which is equal to 400 cm. So now 1 cm upon 4 meters will be equal to 1 cm upon. Now 4 meters is equal to 400 cm. Therefore this is equal to 1 upon 400 cm. So here we converted the drawing dimension and x-ray dimension in same units and hence we obtain a scale without units. So this scale without units is called scale factor. So scale factor is 1 is to 400. Now scale factor is equal to drawing dimension upon x-ray dimension. Now in case of scale factor both the drawing and x-ray dimensions are in cm. So let the actual length of library be L cm. And it is given that length of library in scale drawing is 8.4 cm. Now scale factor is equal to 8.4 cm upon L cm. Or we can write it as 8.4 upon L cm. Now this implies now we have scale factor is equal to 1 upon 400 cm. So this will be equal to 8.4 upon L cm. Which further implies L is equal to 8.4 into 400 cm. Which is equal to 3360 cm. Which is equal to 3360 upon 100 meters. Which is equal to 33.60 meters. Or simply 33.6 meters. Therefore length of actual library is equal to 33.6 meters. So we can use scale and we can use scale factor to find the length of actual library which is equal to 33.6 meters. And this is the solution of the given question. Let's work for this session. Hope you all have enjoyed this session.