Has that gotten blowback? I said, really, it hasn't. I think my publishers hoped it would. But it really didn't happen. And but the book has still done very well anyway, in spite of not getting initial, you know, blowback. But yeah, the title, if you think about it, you know, if you just get real logical with it, why would somebody write a book teaching men to be not nice? There's enough not nice men out there. And we don't need a book to teach more men to be nice. And and of course, one thing that I found, especially in men, but especially in nice guys, is real black and white thinking. We think, well, if we're not this, we're that there's only there's only the two alternatives.  So that's what we get to thinking. Well, that's the only alternative. Now, the whole first chapter, well, maybe second chapter, but early on in No More Mr. Nice Guy, I talk about what is wrong with being a nice guy. Because yeah, like me, I thought, why wouldn't everybody want to be like me? I'm a nice guy. And the there's a there's a lot of side effects of being a nice guy, with perhaps the most significant one is that nice guys are in authentic, which means they're not honest. And which is really a big surprise to most nice guys, because we think, I don't tell lies.  Are you a what you see is what you get kind of person?  Are you different with this group of people than you are with that group of people? Are you a chameleon? If all those apply, you're not honest.   And you communicate them clearly. And and you're not you have no shame about that. But nice guys have shame about all of those things. So again, we're chameleons.  And really, just what she was saying is your nice guy stuff. Yeah, everybody thinks you're nice, but your nice guy stuff's coming out and he's really indirect ways that are hurtful. You know, the passive aggressive behavior.  Oh, I'm going to say this, I'm going to say that all of it would come out, right? All of it would come out. And it wasn't pretty. And I remember the, you know, from time to time, my then wife would say, how long has this been bothering you? I go, six months, year, maybe. And she would say, did it ever cross your mind to tell me this was bothering you? And I think and I go, no, actually it never crossed my mind. I rehearsed plenty of conversations in my head, but I never thought to say to you, Hey, this is bothering me. Can we talk about it? Can we address it? Can we work on it? Because I just assumed if I did that, you know, she'd go ballistic. She wouldn't want to talk about anything that might be bothering me, especially if it was related to her behavior. But that's not about her. That was my stuff. So that's just interpersonal stuff where nice guy stuff comes out. But I've got an online class I've been teaching for 20 years. In fact, Barnes & Noble had me develop it when my book was just coming out called nice guys don't finish last they rot in middle management. And because because nice guys, you know, in the workplace, I say nice guys are often good at being good, but not great at being great. You know, we're pleasing enough and conscientious enough, we want to do a good enough job to get that external approval and validation. But to really be willing to risk, to take a chance, to rock the boat, to focus on what's important to you, to live with your passion, to follow your purpose. Most nice guys won't do that. So, you know, we do well enough, but often, you know, not great. And I've had to deal with that. I mean, I've done well enough in life.   I am going for what I want. I am recruiting people to help me get the things done. And you know, it's a whole different paradigm. And I'm not getting codependent and wasting a lot of time fixing everybody else's problems or solving their stuff, which that's a big thing that happens in the workplace and in relationship for nice guys, they get codependent. And we'll invest a lot of time and energy on other people's issues or problems when we could be investing that time and energy in what's more significant for us.


You know, this was going to be a point-by-point takedown of Father Casey Cole's video, Is Masturbation Immortal Sin, but instead of wasting time doing that, I think it would be more prudent and appropriate to help you avoid hell, especially judging by the comments that was left under his video. Lots of lost sheep being led astray. So let's answer the question. Is pornography and or masturbation immortal sin? Well, the answer is simple. It's a sin. Getting down to brass tacks, that could have been his entire video right there, but instead he decides that he wants to teach on moral theology, and unfortunately what he ends up doing is causing a whole lot of confusion, because the fact of the matter is not everybody needs to know that level of moral theology, especially when we're talking about something that's clear cut like pornography and masturbation. Now, if he had someone who he was counseling one-on-one, say in spiritual direction or in confession, then yes it would be appropriate, but to make that sort of a statement out on the internet to hundreds of thousands of people who don't understand context or nuance and who often misappropriate and apply things to themselves that they shouldn't, not only was his actions inappropriate, quite frankly, it's scandalous. Let me explain to you why what he said is so troubling. I've counseled thousands of men helping them overcome pornography and masturbation. I know what works and I know what doesn't work. And generally speaking, those who seek to dive into the complex and vastly deep waters of moral theology in order to determine the culpability of something that they already know is a sin, are doing one of two things, attempting to pacify their conscience by attempting to justify their actions and their disordered passions to make themselves feel better or they're scrupulous and they're just going down a rabbit hole, but ultimately both of those distract from what actually matters and that's pursuing virtue. Why talk about culpability when you know it's a sin and you can choose to do something to combat that sin? The conversation is kind of silly. Watching his video, I was first of all heartbroken for those that are going to be confused and let astray by the complexity of what he's trying to explain. It reminded me of all the conversations I've had of that same caliber, people who were focused on what didn't matter and wasn't helping them overcome their problems, the things that they were dealing with, whether it was pornography or masturbation or something similar. So that was at the front of my mind, but secondly, I was really confused about what the point of the video was. I felt as if I was observing somebody who was put in charge of a flock of sheep and instead of closing the gate at night so they didn't get taken by wolves, this person left it open because, well, nuance. There's some animals that are going to hurt you and some animals that won't hurt you. It just depends on what they're feeling that one day, but do your best and they'll be okay. That seems irresponsible to me and I can't help but shudder at the conversation that may come in the future if the person who put him in charge of the sheep in the first place calls him to task and says, why are my sheep missing? Why did you let the wolves take them away? Let me be explicitly clear here. The question is masturbation and pornography a mortal sin? That's the wrong question to ask. We know that it's a sin and trying to dive into the details of culpability and ignorance is like arguing about whether you're a small thorn or a large thorn on the crown of thorns that pierced the skull of Christ. It's like saying, well, I may not have pierced his skin, but I scratched it. Well, you still drew blood. So trying to be as fair as possible, I thought to myself, well, maybe he's attempting to help the scrupulous, but then I remembered what I already mentioned, all those conversations that I've had with hundreds of men, thousands of men who some of them were scrupulous. It's not the majority. It's the minority. And that this kind of thinking caused them more problems. It didn't help them overcome anything. In fact, it hindered their progress. And this isn't new. I mean, the saints and the doctors of the church have talked about this. St. Maximilian Colby specifically said, whenever you feel guilty, even if it's because you have consciously committed a sin, something you may have kept doing many, many times, never let the devil deceive you by allowing him to discourage you. Whenever you feel guilty, offer all of your guilt to the Immaculata without analyzing it or examining it as something that belongs to her. In fact, the only reason the Immaculate permits us to fall is to cure us from our self-conceit from pride, to make us humble, and thus make us docile to the divine graces. The devil instead tries to inject in us discouragement and internal depression in those circumstances, which is, in fact, nothing else than our pride surfacing again. And as we know how the devil tempts us, of course he wants us focused on these little details and whether or not we may or may not be culpable, and not on the fact that we've committed a sin, and we've harmed ourselves, we've harmed Christ in some way, and we've probably harmed those around us. Not to mention the next thing that culpability doesn't solve, which is deeply important. It's tough to hear, but it's deeply important to talk about. Now, I want to put a nail in the coffin of this culpability, ignorance, argument, once and for all. And I want you to keep something also in mind. Truth without love is brutality. But love without truth is mere sentimentality. And what that means is, if I truly am being charitable, if I desire the actual good of the other person, I need to tell them the truth. I need to do it charitably as charitably as possible. But that means that hard truths need to be had. And I'm about to give some hard truths that not everybody likes here, but that need to be discussed. There are plenty of people who went and played with Ouija boards having no full understanding of what they were doing, no knowledge that what they were dealing with was grave, and no intent on becoming possessed. And yet, they became possessed. Culpability, ignorance doesn't matter in these cases. The same thing goes in a lot of ways with pornography. We know that much of pornography out there today is actually cursed. And even the ones that are not cursed are still an open doorway to bringing the demonic into your home, affecting you and your family. So, who really cares about culpability when we should be caring about closing that door entirely and making sure nothing negative comes through it? And the final thing that culpability and ignorance has no effect on?  You're watching someone get raped. It doesn't change that as you view pornography, you're helping fuel an industry of sex trafficking, sacrificing their victims to the flames of disordered passions and desires. Culpability and ignorance don't change that. Sin is sin. So stop asking whether or not you're culpable and start focusing on not sinning. And to that point, I provided you with as many resources as I find trustworthy that I know are more than enough to help you start breaking free. You can find them in the description, my website, Covenant Eyes, Integrity Restored, different people that I've worked with in the past that are authentic Orthodox Catholics set on helping people break free. Not screwing around with the conversation of culpability, but helping you pursue virtue in what really matters. Keep in the fight. Keep your eyes on the prize. Do not allow yourself to become distracted. That's what the enemy wants. Discussions about culpability and invincible ignorance. Instead, focus on Christ. He will help you. Ask our lady. She will help you. All the angels and saints are cheering for you. Keep fighting. Keep moving forward. God bless.


And next it locks in AgTech Field Days, Matt Cooper, you've got the product in your hand, take us through it. I do indeed, thanks Matt. So I work for D3 Ag and we are the Australian distributor for Aroble and their flagship product, which is the Mark II. As Mark mentioned in the field earlier this afternoon, it's a weather station but we also have some crop sensing capabilities in there as well, primarily to look around the overall water balance of a crop, what's coming in, what's going in, a rainfall reference CT, a crop ET and a couple of other bells and whistles as well, such as looking at overall peak greenness, NDVI and things like that. So how does it actually do that? Well we use spectroscopy. So we measure about seven different wavelengths which correspond to plant growth. We also use infrared canopy temperature to get those measurements as well and we use very simple ratios to get those NDVI calculations, which we deliver on a daily basis. So how does the data go from there to something that we can use? So we transmit to two places, a web app and a mobile app via cloud services and look, the data that we see coming from this thing in the field provides us with all the information about obviously everything that, you know, the weather drives our crop production. We can tie things to growth stages and phenological stages and there's a little bit of extra capability in there to look at our irrigation scheduling as well. So what have been some implementations that people have used this for to better their farm? Well we see a lot of success in short season crops such as vegetables because it's very portable, it's easy to move around and particularly in viticulture as well. So it was very popular in the commercial research space in agriculture as well and yeah it's really just a tool, a valuable tool that they can have on the toolkit which provides, you know, all the relevant field data that they need to run their operations basically. We also have the capability to plug into other systems as well, you know, for growers that might be have more of an on the boots, sort of, you know, on the ground boots approach. You know, it's useful to have, you know, a series of these things deployed across their operation where we can just check in, see what the local conditions are, what the forecasted conditions are or we can scale up from that and if we want to dive deeper we can send our data to people like swan systems, you know, deep planet, pear tree intelligence and a whole range of others so we've got great interoperability with other platforms that are out there and that's where we see a lot of success as well. Excellent Matt, thank you. Nice, thanks Matt.


Next question is from d-price 22. What bro science did you do in the past that still holds true today? You know, you know, it's funny about bro science is that so bro science refers to like it's a bad name the rules of nutrition or training that were you know pushed by bodybuilders and lifters It's called bro science because they're not scientists But they'll they'll say things like don't eat carbs or don't eat anything after you know 7 p.m. Or stuff like that right right and the funny thing is that their explanations were often wrong So they said I'll give you an example You know bro science would say don't eat food past 6 p.m. If you want to get lean now their explanation is Well, if you eat past 6 p.m. Insulin drops.  It'll get stored as body fat and that's how they explained it, which is wrong That's not how it works. However, does not eating past 6 p.m. Tend to lead to fat loss in people. Yes Mainly because it's a behavioral Adaptation in the sense that right not eating past 6 p.m. Means I'm not gonna eat my late-night snacks I'm not gonna eat the foods that I tend to make bad decisions with I'm probably cutting my calories sleep Because of the digestion that kind of thing. Yes, so bro science Oftentimes there's truth in the results, but it's not like here's another one like cardio first thing in the morning When you don't eat a fasted cardio fasted cardio because it burns body fat rather than carbs or whatever No, that's not why it works Here's why it doesn't work for a lot of people it gets you up earlier and it gets you moving right away And that tends to be extra activity on top of what you're normally used to well That would be one that I can I would still use knowing that the the science has been debunked Yeah, I just I wouldn't tell people that I'm doing fasted cardio because that the fasted cardio burns more fat Then if I would have do cardio someone all the time of the day It's that I know when I was doing fasted cardio for competing. I got up an hour earlier I would have it and if I wasn't doing the fasted cardio I would be sleeping in my bed and so getting up and then not only that but normally if I'm not doing the fasted Cardio at 6 o'clock in the morning and I start my day even when I'm up at 7 and I started was 7 to noon Is very sedentary mm-hmm so that not only that I actually get my heart rate and what you'll notice This is really neat if you've ever compared this long enough before is Whenever I would get up and you know I know you know this because it's why part of why you probably love training it so early is I'm just more active and physical when I've started with Something physical that early. Yeah, right where I'm more lethargic and slow and so it sets the tone for the day I've got energy. I've got a pump. I feel good. I get up and down more. I move faster I'm a little more fidgety and stuff like because I got that going early in the morning versus later on the day So it has benefits that it reminds me of like what we would talk about like woo science You know like when you talk about chi and you use the way explain it in a way that it's not that like their Explanations are wrong, but that doesn't mean that the results are yeah It's like my cuz Katrina's family is very much so into like the massage therapy and Eastern medicine and like a lot of that woo-woo stuff and she still communicates like that and I always kind of like chuckle I'm like, that's not that's not how that works. It's not and she's like I I've done this enough and her Argument is always I've seen it enough times. I don't need to hear me tell her it's not it's like well It's not I'm not disagreeing that it doesn't work It's that the way you're explaining it isn't correct But that doesn't mean I throw it out and I don't apply it or use it It's just that they're the way that we've explained it for so many years and that's what bro sciences bro Science is there has been enough years of experience of these bros that have applied this and they've seen hundreds of other of Their bros okay, or they've gotten results and they've got an incredible results from it The and and then they do their best to explain it through science and it doesn't come out very well No, and then then you have the nerds that love to shit all over shit on the explanation Yes, they take they take apart every word they said and then they go debunk it and why I don't like that shit It's because it's actually pretty good advice like the don't eat past now you're deterring people from actually that's right Chieving or get up.  I just like the intention of every day I'm trying to focus on that's a great order intake totally and you know, of course like they'll still promote it as I don't even know how the bodybuilders promote they promote it as you need a gallon of water a day Yeah, like they have flushed the kidneys out Yeah, like something like that like they'll add in is like some crazy You're right. That's a that's in that's incredible advice and what I have found is if you don't tell somebody some, you know Arbitrary number that they have to go target too little then they don't they drink too little. Yeah, here's a way under consume Here's another one is the pre-workout, you know, take these supplements 30 minutes before you work out to give you a better Workout that's more effective now besides caffeine, which actually has Stimulants do have some benefit not always but some benefit for workouts What about the whole like Citrulline and amino acids and this and that I know studies will show there's this like nominal Difference or whatever, but it's really not something substantial But why did I always recommend to my clients 30 minutes before that they do something or take something? 30 minutes or 45 minutes before the workout. Why because it sets the tone It was a 30. It's like preparing yourself mentally that okay in 30 minutes I'm gonna rather than like oh my god. I got to work out right now I got to get into this mental state and so it's just this this mental component that makes a difference that or the how about the six Small meals a day that's something that's been shit all over also If calories are all equated the same then it and the thermo and they usually talk about the thermo effect and That's bad science, but I tell you what even after I knew that science wasn't true I still used to make clients portion out their meals in four to six meals a day because it taught them portion control Yeah, and they have and what it helped them with was they never got really really hungry because every two hours So they were feeding so they never let their body get really hungry to where cravings started to kick in and then they made bad Decisions, so it helped with be good behaviors So the science was explained terrible with the whole four to six meals a day like that you're right But there's tremendous value in somebody portioning their meals out and small meals and eating them every two to three hours And it's not because the science says it's better for burning fat or building muscle You're building in disciplines. It creates good behaviors in discipline Hey, if you enjoyed that clip you can find the full episode here or you can find other clips over here and be sure to subscribe


a fiery horse with a speed of light, a cloud of dust, and a hearty high of silver, the low ranger. We took office in the frontier towns of the western United States, had no experience in preserving law and order. Outlaws and criminals ignored them. But there was one champion of justice in the new territory who did more to safeguard the lives and property of the settlers than all the sheriffs and marshals combined. It was the masked rat of the plains who made the frontier safe for honest men and women. Return with us now to those thrilling days when the West was young. From out of the past come the thundering hoofbeats of the Great Horse Silver, the lone ranger rides again. Come on, Silver! There's going to be trouble! A cow hand employed on the Fraser Ranch had just rained up in front of the ranch house, and suddenly from inside, a shot rang out. It was followed immediately by three more in rapid succession. What the... Frank, that means trouble. Stay there, boy. You killed him. Rotten blackmiller? Said it would someday, and it did. Gosh. He's had it coming a hundred times over. But... Murder. Murder? Who said it was murder? Well, it's... His gun's still in his holster. Oh, yeah. Yeah, it is. Well, I can fix that. Nobody need no. Oh. No, I won't. Wait, don't touch him. I know what I'll do. Did anybody else hear them shot slim? You see any of the boys? Ain't nobody here. They're all in town. Good. Good. But what are you going to do? I know. Yeah, I know. Sure. Sure I know. Two birds with one stone. Get them both. Sure. Sure, get them both. Slim. Huh? You going to talk? You going to tell anybody what you see? Boss, don't eat that gun at me. You going to talk? No, boss, no. I won't talk. Have I ever talked? Have I, huh? Have I? Well, couldn't I have talked before this? If I'd meant to. Couldn't I? Boss, don't shoot. Yeah, you could have talked, couldn't you? Sure, I could have, sure. But you didn't? No, no, of course I didn't. Because you never did. You knew if you did, you'd hang for them holed up just as quick as I would. Sure, sure, boss. I know I'd hang. I wouldn't talk. I know about them holed up. I know, I know. And he was fool enough to think I'd let him go on blackmailing me month after month, year in and year out. No, he was foolish. Slim, somebody else suspects us. Huh? I know, I could tell. Devon always been acting the way he's looked at me. Boss, who? Dave Hamlin. Dave? But boss, why didn't you tell me this before? How much does he know? What's he said? You sure he knows anything? Are you a boss? Are you sure? Don't matter. I'm a boss. All right. What if he...  Do you hear me say it, don't matter? But it does. You're wrong, Slim. You're wrong. If he talks... He won't talk. How do you know? Because... Because after they've hanged you, you can't talk. Huh? Hanged you. Dave's gonna hang. What for? For killing this gunk here. What? And Slim, I'm gonna have the best alibi in the world. I'm gonna have a fella that nobody can doubt swear I'm innocent. Me? Don't talk like a nidget. Then... Who? The Lone Ranger. Scarcely two hours later, the Lone Ranger and his faithful Indian companion, Tonto, were camped a short distance from the Fraser Ranch, heard the sound of approaching hooves and jumped to their feet. Tonto. The horseman. Ah, me here. Coming here. Ah. There he is. All right. Heep fast. Nothing as though he knew he'd find us here. I don't like the looks of this chemo-sobby. Watch him. He's up to some trick. Me fix him. Right. Rain up! Hear me? Rain up! Whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa. Stay right where you are. Well, then, what brought you here? You're the Lone Ranger. How did you know? I saw you. Saw you yesterday. Saw you and your horse in the engine. Knew who he was right away. Learn where we camp by spying on us? Ranger, I didn't spy on you. I didn't. I just seen you riding this direction, that's all. Then today I... Say, do I have to talk him back here? Can I ride closer? Come on. You're that boy. Tonto and I have many enemies. We've learned to be careful. Sure, I can save you there. Don't blame you. He started to say that... Oh, yeah. You see, when I found they was going to meet at my place and I was likely to be troubled, I thought of you. I thought if I could just find you... One moment. Who was meeting at your place? Dave Hamlin and Leif Shanks. Hamlin? Dave Hamlin. I've heard that name. He's a rancher like me. A fellow about 30 or so. Got a ranch just this side of town. Right, that's a fellow. And Leif Shanks? No, you wouldn't have been likely to hear to him. He's just a cowhound used to work for Dave. It's been hanging around town lately. He came out... I told him to come out. Maybe I'd give him a job. And that's clear. Now, what's this about trouble?  Yes? Leif used to work for Dave. To one day, Dave called him down in front of the whole crew. Accused him of stealing petty cash out of his strongbox. Sacked him right down there. Leif cleared out, but said next time they met, they'd be gunplay. And Dave's, they kind of won't back down. And they'll meet at my place. Couldn't you have prevented the meeting? When I told Leif to drop out, I didn't know Dave was coming. Just learned it when a hand of his stopped by. I see. I suppose you're wondering why I can't keep him from fighting.  Every last one of them. And with a gun, I ain't a match for either Dave or Leif. They'd pay about as much attention to me as they would to my horse. But I tell you, strange if it ain't prevented, there'll be a killing to my place. It shows you're born. And I'm to stop it? You can if you're as good with your irons as they say you are. Well, I'll see what I can do. I never heard of shanks, but Hamlin's a good man. We're not cold scouts. We're riding. Here's scouts. Here's the list. Strange how I'm obliged. Lead the way. Sure. Get up, boys. Come on. Get him up, scouts. Come on, silver. Come on, old man. In spite of the fact that most of his story was pure falsehood, Fraser had been telling the truth when he claimed that he expected Dave Hamlin to call at his ranch. Four hours after the shooting, Dave rode up and Slim called out a greeting. Hi there, Dave. Hello, Slim. Oh, boy. Oh, there. Light and set. Thanks. Where's your boy? Mr. Fraser? Oh, he'll be along pretty quick. No, he's expecting you. Uh-huh. Well, I'm waiting inside. Hey, hey, no. Huh? Uh, sit down here, huh? I ain't supposed to go inside unless the boss is there and I'd like company. Come on, set. Sure, I guess, sir. Well, that's fine. Where'd Fraser go? Well, I don't rightly know. He didn't say. He just said you'd be along and if he got here before he was back to tell you to wait. You don't mind, do you? I'll wait. What's the matter? Is something on your mind? If I have, it's personal. Between your boss and me. Oh, well, excuse it. I didn't mean to poke my nose where it didn't belong. Uh-huh. Nice day, huh? Yeah. Hey, Dave, don't they claim you're a pretty good shot? I don't know where.  That's all. You figure you could hit that snubbin' post from here? Easy. Well, how about that sapling on beyond? You get that? I reckon so. What are you trying to do, Slim? Start a contest? Well, I did have it in mind as well to try out. Want me to prove I can hit that sapling, huh? Would you? Sure, why not? Just a second. Well, well, doggone. How's that? You hit it. Yeah, you think I would? Boy, that's boys were sitting here one day shooting for that sapling for over an hour and we never even scun it.  I reckon to make out. You can put your gun back if you want to. You don't have to prove nothing more to me. Well, look there, Dave. Top of the hill there, I reckon that's a boss now. Yeah, it must be. Who's that with him? I don't know.  What the? There are plenty slick with an eye in, mister, but yours is in your holster and mine ain't. Reach and keep, reach it. Slim, you going crazy? Uh-uh. It just caught me a killer. As the lone ranger was riding down the long slope of the hill that led to Fraser's ranch house, he caught sight of the two figures standing out in front. Fraser, eh? What's happened there? Well, Gully Slim's got the drop on someone. Slim? One of my boys once he got back in town while I was going. What's Dave Hamlin there? What in places is wrong? There, trouble. Get him up, scoundrel.  Come on, come on, old fellow. Get on. Get on. Slim! Hi, Slim, what's wrong? What have you got for us? What's going on there? He's been a killer. Oh, oh, that's wrong.  My guy just makes his fellas all crazy. Make him let me go. What's wrong? Come on inside, dear, if I want to see what's wrong. I'll show you. You two, Dave, march.  Come on. But Slim, what happened? Dave Chang showed up when you was gone. He did. This pole cat threw down on him. Here's the way it ended up. It's a frame up. I never even knew life was here. Man, this man, I don't know who you are. But if you don't want to see a man hung for something he never done, you've got to believe me. You've got to give me a chance. Don't say any attention to him, stranger. I caught him in the act.  And if you don't think he's guilty, just look at his gun. You tricked me into firing. See, he's got an answer for everything. Let me have his gun. Sure. There you are. He's been fired recently. One shell gone. But, Mr, I'll tell you that... There ain't no use. Reckon you caught dead to rights. I was afraid of something like this. Reckolik, stranger? Reckolik might tell you there'd be gunplay when these gents met. I remember. You'd better save your breath for your trial, Dave. You'll need it.  Well? You think you can hold this skunk here, lie right to town, come back with a sheriff? I couldn't. Fine. As soon as the law gets here, the better. You stay and keep an eye on him, too, Slim. Sure will, boss. All right, Slim. You can put your gun away. You've done your share. Thanks. Ain't a shame to admit I'm glad you fellas got here.  Well, you'll see what we can do about that. And, Dave... Huh? That gray outside your horse? Yeah. And suppose you get on it. How to... Go with Dave. Return to our camp, pack our things, and move them to where we camp the night before last. When I'm through here, I'll meet you there. Uh-huh. Don't her do it. What did you say? Go ahead, Dave. You're not a prisoner. Hey, hold on. What do you think you're up to? You heard me. You're letting him go free? Exactly. But, but you can't.  He's got to stay here. The boss comes back with a sheriff. He can't go by thunder. I won't let him. I won't... Won't you? That draw. All right, Dave. Quickly on your way. Stranger, outlaw, not unlike your style. Injun, come on. Mr. Weedless sheriff, kid. Here, I'll tell him what you've done. I'll... There'll be no need. I'll save you the trouble. Huh? I'll tell the sheriff myself.    The curtain falls on the first act of our Lone Ranger story. Before the next exciting scenes, please permit us to pause for just a few moments. See our story. When Fraser reached town and told the sheriff that there had been a murder at his ranch, and that the murderer was being held there for arrest, the lawman and one of his deputies rode back with the rancher. Look, Fraser, we'll be to your place pretty quick, but I'm wondering if you'll answer me some questions before we get there. Sure, sheriff. What do you want to ask? Well, my deputy here mentioned a couple of times that he'd noticed you and Leif weren't getting along so friendly. Ain't that so, deputy? Well, that's what a scene.  Well, uh... Mind explaining, Fraser? Well, we did have words a couple of times. Uh-huh. What over? Oh, nothing in particular. He just wasn't the kind of hombre I could get along with. We never met up or we sort of rubbed each other the wrong way. Though, as a matter of fact... Yeah? Well, as a matter of fact, I was kind of ashamed about the way I'd acted to him. Like I said, there were no sense to it. I was hoping maybe we could straighten things out. That's why he wrote out I was going to give him a job. What'd you want to know for her? Say, you weren't figuring it. Maybe I... Well, there's no need to get upset. You know my job calls for suspicion in everybody until I get the right. But Slim was just the same as there when Dave done it. Uh-huh. But Slim works for you. Yeah, that's so. Don't get the notion I'm blaming you for doing your duty, sheriff. But I got a fella can swear I couldn't have done it that you'll have to believe. That's all? This masked man I said stayed with Slim. I was wondering about that, hungry. You know who he is? No, but I'll find out.  What's that? Well, I'll be sweet. Do you know that for a fact? That's him all right. He's part of that red skin they call Thanos with him. And if you've got any doubts, just take a look at them horses they're riding when we get there. Especially the masked fellas.  Got silver shoes, too, just like folks say. The lone ranger. And he'll give you an alibi. Yep. You won't doubt his word, will you? Do I look like that kind of a fool? Gosh, Frazier, I'm sorry if what I've said made you think I really figure you might have done it. I had to ask them questions as all. Oh, forget it, Sheriff. No hard feelings. There, take a look. That's the masked man's horse right there by the porch. Gosh, he's a dandy. Say I'd give ten years of my life to own him. That's silver, sure enough. There just couldn't be two like him. Where's the engine horse? Rides the paint, don't he? Eh? Let's say it's gone. I thought you said Tato was along. He was. Then where could he be? Oh, he's likely just rode off someplace. It don't matter. Wouldn't take him and the masked fella to hold Dave. Well, here we are. Hooray. Hooray. Hooray. They're inside, I reckon. Slam high, slam. You and the masked man bring Dave out here. Where's Dave? Boss, that's what I wanted to tell you. Let me let him go. What, sir? Dave's gone? Why? Yes, I let him go. What, you? Because he was innocent. Innocent? I remain for just one reason, Fraser. Eh? To tell you that when you attempted to trick me into providing you with an alibi, it was the biggest mistake you ever made. Here's something. What are you talking about? I don't serve him. I believe you understand what I mean. If you don't, think it over. Hold on, mister. I aim to ask you some questions. Some other time. I don't mean now at your own risk. Come on, sir. Hey, stop there. Hey, put down that gun.  But he's escaping. Eh, neither you nor me could stop him. I don't see it. I don't understand. Hmm. There's just one thing I savvy about this. What's that? That there goes your alibi. The Lone Ranger raced across country to the camp where he promised to meet Dave Hamlin and Tonto. When he drew rain...  Oh, boy. We've been waiting for you. What happened after me and Tonto left? What did you stay for? I remained to let Fraser know his trick hadn't worked. It was a trick, but how'd you know it? Fraser made several mistakes. Tonto will remember when Fraser came to a rather camp, he started to say that Leif was at his ranch house, then hurriedly changed it to say that he was expecting Leif to arrive. Not right. You mean Leif had been to Fraser's place even before Fraser seen you? Yes. And that means that either Slim or Fraser could have killed Leif. All the time I thought it must have been Slim. That's exactly what it means. It's our job to find out which is guilty and prove it. Yeah. But you must have had something more and just that one slip of phrases to go on, didn't you?  There were several things. They handled the whole affair clumsily. Oh. They made the biggest mistake when they forgot how many shots had been fired at Leif. There were at least three or four. And yet they attempted to pin the killing on you when only one chamber of your revolver was empty. Boy, it's thunder. That's so one. I never even thought of it. Now did they? Slim made another mistake when he claimed that you had lied to him about your guilt. You were guilty. It would be logical for you to lie to Tato and me who hadn't been present and couldn't be certain you were lying.  Well, it just wouldn't have been any sense to it. Right. Well, they sure did blunder. The killing must have been unexpected. They didn't have time to consider everything thoroughly. It's strange. Yes? Why would either one of them kill Leif? That's what I can't figure out. You think it was just that they had words and went for their irons? Possibly. Well, I suspect it goes beyond that. Huh? Tato and I came to this district because we heard there had been a number of unexplained holdups. Well, there's been plenty. We've been investigating. Our investigation's important toward Frazer. He's responsible? I think it's almost certain. Oh, again, there's no real proof. It's all gone. If you could just pin them holdups on the skunk, then you'd have to... I don't think it'll be necessary now. Oh, well, how come? He's left himself open to a far more serious charge. Either that of murder or accessory to murder. But you said that... Have I had no proof of that either? You're so... I have no proof. But I have a way to get it. You have? And if you're acquainted with a fellow I passed as I rode here, we can put my plan to the test. Who's that? A peddler I saw driving wagon on the North Trail. A red wagon? Yes. Well, that's old Josh Lampke. Sure, I know him. Well? Your dog going right. I always buy something from old Josh. They made me a right good friend. Good enough friend so it'd help you prove your innocence? Yes, I think so. Then get to the saddle. We're riding again. Huh? Hurry! We want to catch Josh before he gets to Fraser's place. Oh, sure. Steady that boy. Me riding too. No, Tyler, you'll stay here. But there'll be work for you to do later. Ready, Dave? Yeah, you bet. Then let's go. Come on, Silver.  Come on, old fellow! Come on! And then skunks are trying to frame you, Davey. That's right, Josh. This year Meshman's on your side? He is. Then all he's got to do is tell me what he's got in mind and I'll back his play whatever it is and glad to get the chance. Thanks, Josh. I won't forget it. Good. Dave. Yeah? Go back to camp. Join Tyler and tell him to follow the orders I've given you. Right away. And hope for the best. With you handling things, friend, I don't need to hope. I know things are going to turn out the way they should. Get up there. Get up, boy. All right, Josh. Get your wagon started. I'll explain your part as we ride. Get up, Phillip.   Come on, Phillip. Come on, Phillip. Come on. The sheriff and his deputy had left the ranch house and Fraser and Slim were alone in the living room. Slim, sit down. Mosh, what are you so worried about? What am I worried about? If you will, do you know what's happened? Sure. Dave got away. The sheriff will get him again. He can't hide out for long. I'll... Don't forget about Dave. But what if... Can't you see that I went to all the trouble convincing the sheriff the mask ombre was our lone ranger? And when I get him convinced the mask fella double crosses me? He double crosses you. It seems to me...  I'm not asking how it seems to you. What I have to figure out now is what to do. Ain't nothing to do but sit tight. But the mask man the same as threatened me. And he's bluffing that's all. Just bluffing. Yeah. Well, he must have had something to go on. Why? If he didn't, how do you ever guess Dave didn't shoot Leif? Gosh, I don't know. You must have noticed something wrong. Yeah. And if he noticed something, what's to stop the sheriff from seeing the same? The sheriff. Don't let him worry you. Didn't he poke around here most of the afternoon? Why, if he had seen anything, he'd have told you.  I still want to know what it was that mask fella seen. Well, I... What the? A mask man. Perhaps I saw nothing. Maybe I knew Dave wasn't gilly because I've had the word of an eyewitness to the killing. What's that? Just get him here. I don't want to get anybody in trouble. None of my business. Just let me go. Let me go doggone it. Yes. You're going to tell what you saw here or go to jail. It isn't, Mr. I didn't see. But I tell my... Hey, what's Josh got to do with this? Let him speak for himself. Mr. Look, I just happened to be here. I wasn't sneaking around or anything. I don't want to get in trouble. He just let me clear out like I'd have aimed to do. If I had, an innocent man would have been hanging. Hey, what kind of a stun is this? Do you think it was... Why? But you can't...  What's the idea? One of you is guilty of life's murder. Josh is going to point out the guilty man whether he wants to or not. They're going to stand side by side so he can get a good look at you and tell which is guilty without the possibility of making a mistake. Wait, no. Line up there. He couldn't have been here. He couldn't have seen anything. I know he couldn't. Do you still insist on that if he does point out the one who killed Leif? He can't. But he will. All right, Josh. There they are. Now, which one is it? Please, Mr. Don't make me... It just means trouble, and I don't want no trouble. You have my word. You'll be protected. But please, I don't... Quickly, man. Point him out. It was... Well? It was that and... Blast you for a spy and sneak a polecat out so you... Out that gun!  Take it! Tell those heroes, Dave! Get that man! Well, I... Iced your hands. We're waiting outside, man. We heard the whole thing. Josh, you played your parts well. He didn't do so bad, did he? What, and I've thought that this skunk will hang and slim with him for helpin'? You mean you just tricked me? I sure did, Fraser. I wasn't around here when you shot Leif. I've never seen a thing. But you pointed right at me. I hadn't seen it. Don't you know which one it was? Fraser? That's a trouble with having a guilty conscience. It makes you give yourself away. Josh didn't point it. He did. I know he did. Oh, no, I never... But I saw ya! I've only done like the masked man said. He made you stand close together, and I pointed it between ya. But you knew he was guilty, so you thought Josh was pointing at you. And gave yourself away. The masked man done this? Uh-huh. And there he goes. I've just heard as a copyrighted feature of the Lone Ranger Incorporated.


A new design of spot-size converter, SSC, has been developed which couples light from a cleaved single-mode fiber, SMF, into a silicon SI wire waveguide on a silicon-on-insulator, SOI platform. The device exhibits a low coupling loss of 0.27 dB, while maintaining polarization-dependent loss, PDL, below 0.25 dB and 1 dB alignment tolerances of minus 2.02 and minus 2.02 microns respectively. Additionally, the starting tip width of the tapered waveguide is kept within the limits of current lithography, making this an ideal solution for reducing coupling losses between the SMF and the C waveguide. This article was authored by Jin Yang Xiao, Zhu Tian Wang, Nan Yi, and others.


Our job is to find the area of a regular pentagon with a side length of six.  All of the sides are congruent, so that means all of these sides are all six units long, and all of the interior angles are congruent as well. Angle P is congruent to angle A, T, N, and E. Now our task is to find the area of the entire yellow shape. In order to do that, we'll split up the shape into five congruent triangles. Each of the blue segments that I just drew, they're all radii of this circle, and as a result, all of those radii will be congruent, since radii from one circle will all be the same length. So I have isosceles triangles, and they all have the same base, which is six, so I have five congruent triangles. Let's just investigate one of those triangles. So in that triangle, we're given that this base length is six, and furthermore, well, to find the area of one triangle, we want to use area as half base times height, and we're already given one base length, which is six, but we do need to find the height. In order to find the height, we're going to have to use a little bit of trigonometry. Let's go back to the original pentagon, and look at that point G. It's gotten covered up a little bit, but that point G is the center of the pentagon, and from G, there are five angles that are created. There's one angle, two, three, four, and five angles, and all of the angles together make 360 degrees. So if I just want to find one of the angles, I can call that a central angle is 360 divided by five, which in this case is 72 degrees. However, that 72 degrees refers to this entire angle, and I don't need to use that entire angle. Instead, I'll just use half of that central angle. So this angle, let's say, is 36 degrees, because 36 is half of 72. Now, we're just looking at this triangle, which is a right triangle, and we know that the angle up top here is 36 degrees. Our goal is to find this length, which would be an adjacent leg, because we're dealing with right triangles. And then, since the original blue triangle was isosceles, with a base length of six, I know that half of a side length will be three units long, because that altitude splits up the base into two congruent parts. So now to find the height of the triangle, which we labeled as x, we'll use the tangent function. Tangent of 36 degrees is equal to the opposite over adjacent, which is the unknown x. So that means that x is equal to three divided by the tangent of 36 degrees. In this case, x is roughly equal to 4.129. Now that number, 4.129, refers to this length in the triangle, which corresponds with this height of the blue triangle. In other words, we've now found that length in the pentagon. So one of the original blue triangles we can now say is area is one half times the base, which we saw was six, times the height of the triangle, which we found to be 4.129. But remember, there are five separate triangles. Here's one of them, two, three, four, and five. So we'll multiply this entire thing by five, and we eventually get an area of 61.937.


So I have one more question. At what age do you think you approached that? When I think back I really think it started when I was in about third grade. Okay, so I'm going to ask you another question. What would you say to Janice in third grade? What would you say to that girl? I would tell her not to worry and that everything was going to be okay and that you don't have to control anything and just enjoy your life.


So at this point we've seen several different flavors of energy. We've got a couple different flavors of free energy, the Helmholtz free energy and the Gibbs free energy. We've also seen the internal energy and the enthalpy. So we've got four different flavors of the energy, two of which are free energies. So it's useful at this point to stop and recap and summarize what we know about these different flavors of the energy, in particular as affected by the natural variables of each of these. So we know, for example, most recently we've seen that the natural variables of the Gibbs free energy, in fact the reason we constructed the Gibbs free energy was to find a function whose natural variables were T and P. Natural variables mean two related but separate things. First of all, if we write the fundamental equations for these energies, the fundamental equation for DG is minus SDT plus VDP and we've talked about how when written as a function of T and P, the fundamental equation is quite simple. It just has a thermodynamic variable multiplying each of these two variables that's being changed. Likewise for the Helmholtz energy, when written as a function of T and V, we get this fundamental equation which is quite simple. We also have fundamental equations for the internal energy and the enthalpy that take on different forms, but again they're simple when expressed in terms of their natural variables. So we can see from the fundamental equation that the enthalpy has natural variables of S and P while the internal energy has natural variables S and V. So that's one thing we mean by saying the natural variables of each of these energies are our temperature and pressure or entropy and pressure or whatever. The fundamental equation is simple when expressed in those variables in particular, but also the natural variables have a relationship to the second law of thermodynamics. So the second law when we ran across it first, we said the second law meant that the entropy of the universe is increasing or the entropy of any isolated system increases if a process is spontaneous. We've also seen that an alternate way of thinking about the second law in terms of the Gibbs free energy is that the Gibbs free energy decreases, that should be a less than, the Gibbs free energy decreases for any spontaneous process that's performed at constant temperature and pressure. So that's one way of thinking about the second law. There's a related statement about the Helmholtz free energy. The Helmholtz free energy is also negative for a spontaneous process, but a spontaneous process that takes place at constant T and V. So again the natural variables, because the natural variables are T and P for the Gibbs free energy, those are the variables that are held constant in order for the Gibbs free energy to be negative for spontaneous process. We haven't seen the corresponding equations for the energy and the enthalpy, but it won't surprise you to see that equivalent statements of the second law say that the energy is negative and the enthalpy is negative for spontaneous processes, but those are first processes that take place at constant S and V for the internal energy and constant S and P for the enthalpy because those are the natural variables of those functions. So like I said, we haven't seen those before, but if we want to we can confirm or derive those statements. This one's probably the easiest one to do, just very quickly. First law tells us that the energy is heat plus work. If we're doing a process at constant volume, then there's no PV work. So the work term disappears at constant volume du and dq are the same thing as each other. So du is equal to dq, but we know for a spontaneous process, dq is less than or equal to Tds, and then if we're also doing that process at constant entropy, ds is equal to zero. So the net result of that is that du is less than or equal to zero. To get to that result, I had to assume constant volume so there's no PV work and constant entropy so the ds term goes away, so that would be how we arrive at this result, for example. The point is, number one, this connection between natural variables and what must be held constant for a particular flavor of the energy to be a signal for whether a process is spontaneous or not. These are all equivalent statements of the second law, along with saying the entropy is positive for any isolated system for a spontaneous process. The key difference is in what variables are being held constant. Probably this fourth statement, delta G being less than or equal to zero, that's the one we'll use most often going forward because it's convenient to work at constant temperature and pressure. Be careful, though, to always remember which variables are being held constant. It's not true that the delta G is negative for any spontaneous process, period. We can come up with processes at constant volume or at constant entropy or other conditions that might have a negative delta G and be non-spontaneous or a positive delta G and be spontaneous, but if we're at constant temperature and pressure in particular, delta G gives us a sign for whether the process is going to be spontaneous or equilibrium or non-spontaneous, likewise for the other variables. So be sure and keep in mind what variables are being held constant. If you're doing a process at constant T and V, you don't want to be looking at the Gibbs free energy, you want to be looking at the Helmholtz free energy to decide whether the process is spontaneous.


Alright so we're going to be talking about layer 3 lucid dreams.  Layer 3 is essentially a lucid dream. This is another name for a lucid dream and I'm going to be explaining what it feels like, what you can expect, what to be worried about, what to prepare for. So stick with me until the end of this video and I'm going to explain exactly what a layer 3 lucid dream is. So to avoid confusion, when I say layer 3 lucid dream I mean just your bog standard lucid dream. You're just aware of the fact you're dreaming, you can control what you do, you can manipulate various things but you don't have an incredibly high level of control, it's more sort of a basic level. So what I mean by that is you can decide where you walk, you can decide what to do, what to pick up, who to talk to, what to say but you can't control everything in the sense that you can't do advanced things very well. You might be in a layer 3 lucid dream for maybe 30 seconds or so and then you could wake up. This is very common especially with beginners is that when you first learn how to actually get to layer 3, so when you first learn how to get to layer 3 the chances are that when you get there it's going to be very hard to stay there, it's going to be a fragile state, you're going to wake yourself up easily especially if you do things like having lucid dreaming sex. I mentioned this in my things to never do in lucid dream video which I'll put a link in the description. So the more exciting things you do the more likely it is you'll wake yourself up. But don't let that put you off because yes it might be a fragile state but if you stick with it it will eventually turn into layer 4 and layer 5 lucid dreams which are much more profound and interesting. So once you're lucid you're in layer 3 dream.  Almost like you've just woken up and you can walk around, you can decide to walk down a certain street, you can decide to talk to a certain people, whatever the case may be. But that is what makes it a level 3 lucid dream.  That's the important part. So layer 2, semi-lucid, you're not really in control but you might be aware that you're dreaming.  You can decide what to do.  But you don't have complete control so the dream still surprises you and they're some of the most profound, interesting dreams because they let you get in the middle of the process of your subconscious mind, filtering through memories and all this sort of exciting stuff like that. So they're the best type of dreams, the ones where you're in control but not too in control, you're sort of in the middle. If you've reached layer 3, this is a great place to be, this is sort of what most people aim for when they have lucid dreams, just being able to be in control of what they're doing, aware that you're dreaming in control of what you're doing. So to get to this layer, there are several things you could have been doing, you could have been meditating, you could have been doing reality checks, whatever the case may be. To get to the higher levels, so to get to layer 4 and above, you're going to need to be doing certain things religiously every day. You're going to need to be meditating, okay?  Writing your dreams down, this should be a habit by now. You're going to need to be practicing prolonging techniques or stabilization methods when you're lucid. For example, spinning around on the spot, rubbing your hands together, meditating in the dream. All of these things are good for reaching the higher layers, the higher levels of lucid dreaming, if you like. But if you've reached layer 3, congratulations, that's really good. Like, you should be very proud of yourself. A lot of people find it very difficult to get to this place because they just don't know how to do it. Okay? Now, if you are one of those people, if you're struggling to get to layer 3, maybe you've had layer 2, you're sort of semi-lucid and you don't know how to go any further, I would strongly encourage you to watch my videos. At the end of each video now, there'll be a link to watch another video from my channel. Watch my videos, listen to what I'm saying and practice the techniques. If you want a more fast track approach, then obviously go to howtolucid.com and buy the bootcamp. That will take you exactly through the steps you need to take for a month in order to have your first lucid dream very soon. But like I said, you don't have to buy that. Like, you can very easily have lucid dreams just by practicing the techniques that I teach on this channel or that you read elsewhere. As long as you actually do it. You know, as long as you motivate yourself to actually take the steps every day to do this stuff, then you'll be fine. And you'll reach layer 3, hopefully 4 and 5. And beyond. So to recap, layer 3 is just a normal lucid dream.  You're in control of what you're doing as a dream character. And you can control the dream to some degree. One of the main downsides of layer 3 is that they're often not very stable.  But then maybe you'll wake up instantly. Or you'll excite yourself too much and just end the dream. So that is where we get onto layer 4, which is more of a stable, sort of deep state of lucid dreaming, which we're gonna explain in the next video. But for now, we'll just understand that if you've reached this layer, if you're here, if you're on layer 3 lucid dreaming, you're doing really well. If you haven't, then that's fine. Just go back to layer 1 and layer 2 and sort of work your way up from there. So I hope you've enjoyed this. Please leave a like, subscribe, comment, check out my other channel and I'll see you then.


What is the file picker? In this video we're going to explore Moodle's file picker and how you can use it. You might see the file picker if you upload a file using the Activity Chooser or if you're in the text editor and want to add an image through the image icon or a media file such as sound or video by clicking the Moodle media icon. If we click to add a file, on the next screen when we scroll down to content we can access the file picker by clicking the Add button. What you see on the left side are links which are known as repositories and each of these are places where you can retrieve files to display on your course. The one you'll use most often is Uploader file. This will allow you to access your documents from your computer or USB drive. Server files are the other files in other courses which you have access to as a teacher. So for instance if you're teaching grade 1 English in one course and you wanted to add a file that you had used in grade 2 English, a different course you go to Server files to locate it. Recent files shows you the last few files that you've uploaded and it's context sensitive. This means that Moodle knows if you want to upload an image through the image icon it will only show you images. If you want to upload a sound file using the media icon it will only show you media files. Private files allows you to retrieve files you have previously uploaded in your personal private file space which we'll look at in a separate video. URL Downloader allows you to add a web link and it will download for you the images on that web page. Other links or repositories will appear according to what your administrator has enabled. So in this site for example you could go to Wikimedia if you wanted to find an image which you could search for with a particular size or also on this site you could retrieve files from your Google Drive, Dropbox or Microsoft OneDrive account. The files in the file picker can be displayed in three different ways and if we click Recent files you can see how this works. If you look at the far right files are displayed like a tree. The middle button displays them with details of their size, type when they were last modified and the third button shows them as icons displaying what type of file they are. So for instance we can easily see that this is a PowerPoint file so for instance we can easily see that this is a PowerPoint file and this is a PDF file.


A lot of these guys have a hard time at work but they'll be able to come back to a practice or something and they forget about work and they talk about football. I started my given at DSB. I saw people go on deployment so my morale was kind of hard-shocked on that one because people were going and I wasn't.  I'm able to do it on the football field and get some of that stress out of me. It's a way to get away from the barracks, away from the platoon, away from doing the normal stuff. Unfortunately, he left to go back to the state. He cared more about the game than he did about himself. He didn't care if he got tackles, he didn't get stats. All he cared about was making sure that everybody won the game and that everybody played. Everybody in the league knew that when number 50 was on the field it was going to be a problem. I know he has my back whenever I need it and he knows I have his back. So it's just one of my best friends I've ever had.  You're going to go hit somebody. Affordable! Now finish it right here! Nothing behind you! Pretty hard being stuck on an island for two years. Kind of relieves stress and also helps morale. Help us!