And we hear the ID Tech Egg show and hi. Hi there. How are you? So who are you? My name is Ashok Sridhar. I am business owner of Printed Electronics at Classic Stripes in India. We are a leading graphics printer. We have been doing this for the past three decades and recently we have moved Printed Electronics. We are combining graphics and electronics like what you see on the table and like that. So what is that? This is actually a so-called decal for a motorcycle. Beautiful printed graphics but on the back you have EL, Electro-Luminescent Light being printed as well. All in the same setting. So in a single film all flexible and conformal you get a full functionality. Graphics plus lighting. That is lit up over there that can be applied on a motorcycle part that enhances the brand value. So it just can blink. It's also good for safety you know. That's also good for safety and it can also be as you can see over there formed to create a 3D shape.  What do you do there? Right there is this actually again very complex printed graphics multi-layered screen printing to create the effect you see here but on the back we have the EL lighting, Electro-Luminescent Lighting. I can flip it over like so. Have a look. This is a circuitry that emits the light that shines through this graphic. That is of immense value for advertising in a supermarket or a Mormon pop shop or whatnot. That just attracts customers like flies to the light if I may say that. So you say many years of experience in doing printing. Right. But what kind of printing? So we have been doing printing of graphics for 35 years now, mainly screen printing. Roll to roll, sheet to sheet. We have more than 40 screen printers and we actually supply 75% of motorcycle decals in India. We are the largest manufacturer of motorcycle decals in the world and now we have moved to electronics where we combine the printing expertise with electronics assembly to create functional surfaces. Graphics plus electronics in there. There's a lot of motorcycles in India. There is actually 21 million this year. Just in one year. Just one year and we decorate 75% of them so you can imagine the scale of the operations. So it's a big priority to expand it to this whole new world right here right? Absolutely because customers want the graphics of course but the next generation graphics is going to speak. Speak as in it should be communicating a message whether it's lighting or sensing or even actuation. They are called smart surfaces and that's where the world is moving to and India is no different. Alright. So you're expanding your like you were saying in this other video we just filmed? Yes, we are expanding in the US, in Europe and of course India. India. Cool and you have a whole team here at the show at the Aditya Tech show? Yes. Maybe you can... Yes, so we have our GMD here, Sameer Musalli. Sameer, why don't you join us? Yeah, maybe you can stand right here just need the microphone and with this with this part. I'll just give you the space so you can sit and have a chat. So here's some other demonstrations of different parts you're doing right here. You want me to speak on that? So what we have here is again a multi-layered 3D format of the EL-based graphics, some sensor-based occupancy sensor-based technology which we're kind of looking at for the automotive space. What you have down here is more of the NFC tag integrated to your logo which gives a lot more information. You can have your manuals, your guide, your caution stakes, serviceability centers, stuff anything that you want as information can be integrated in the NFC tag. Below what we have is looking at more from the heated integrated into the mirror pillars along with the LED. Yes, we don't manufacture the mirror itself but it's the heated sensors what we kind of do. So we're just kind of showcasing a capability since we've already been in the automotive space but now as Ashok must have mentioned and we are now moving into a forward integration direction going towards planet electronics. Since we've been in the background of let's say screen printing for over 35 years this is just a forward integration easy business for us to really look at and being in India it's a big, big, big consumer market and that's what we want to focus on and being in India but looking at ID Tech and looking at global partners to integrate with and do business across global. Can you introduce yourself? I'm Samir Masali I am the joint managing director of a stock group and classic stripes. So how many possibilities are right here? How many things are gonna happen in this area? In this area for printed electronics. How much are you going to be doing? It seems like there's a lot of opportunities right? So yes for us since we started off with screen printing and automotive business for us looking at capacitive touch, looking at occupancy space sensors, looking at dial products if you see across that's more capacitive sensors, FSR sensors, if you see there's EL based dials what you kind of showcased across 2D and 3D based dials as well which we want to get into. So has it been this show ID Tech show? It's pretty pretty good since the first time for us here and we have got a good consumer response as well as a lot of local response from a lot of players across a lot of inquiries to strategic types as well and that's what we came here to see is understand the market and kind of do a lot of strategic type partners have a look at what's out there and for us is how it's been impressive for us to look at last eight months and be in this space but that's what people have really noticed about us and we're here for the long term and you're here to take over for some place. Because it's a lot of motorcycles for example one that's one of the markets and there's a lot of potential for motorcycle sharing or being cleaner motorcycles, electric motorcycles, it could be solar stuff happening, a lot of opportunities. Yes so India is the largest space for two-wheelers as such right? As a shock went to the 21 million motorcycles all annually that's just going to go to 30 million in the next five years and the big opportunity for us lies in that space because we already deal with the automotive customers directly and we've been in touch with them the last 20-25 years. Yes as you said electric vehicles, aesthetic value, more logos, illuminated signs, wireless products on the logos, NFC tags, capacitive touch, advertising purpose, dials that says which will be used in not just two-wheelers but even four-wheelers as such and that's one of the segments we want to focus on but then definitely looking at consumer durables let's say marketing a retail channel as well as what we want to focus on. And the sharing economy, the green future, a lot of things that needs to be addressed right? Right the application of let's say pre-rendered electronics is limitless it's something which only once we start using the product and understanding the products is where the application starts happening across right now it might be too nascent but let's say over the next 10 years green revolution and green technology is going to take over and that is where the industry is going to head across. And this is an opportunity for you to actually make it happen? Yes there's definitely an opportunity for us being here being in United States at ID Tech and being in ID Tech show is going to give us that platform to really look at what's out there.


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What's up everybody, Jason here for Jasper's Case Breaks.com. We just sold out 20, 21 Panini Contenders basketball. This is a six box hobby half case break picker jeans number nine Remember number nine and ten are from the same case. Remember no veteran common ship. You get two autographs per box Just remember guys break number ten actually sold out before break number nine So this is actually the second half not the first half And here's everybody that's in the break Michael got the Golden State Warriors last Bob Mojo Here's everybody else and I think Shawn did the first half last night And he wrote Pikachu number nine on all of these boxes here. So They will all say Pikachu number nine Here we go guys. Good luck. What other channel are all the games on tonight on TNT. All right guys So let's rip open some boxes of contenders. I Don't know if any crazy heat was pulled yesterday, but see what we can pull here today in this half That's good luck first box. Nice Zion first round ticket that is number two one forty nine Helicans going to Nick. Oh Steph and curry license to dominate That is a nice one right there. That is I think consider the case it right there Sweet sweet hit right there Golden State Warriors Michael last Bob Mojo there you go man little mojo Joe oh, what's up Joe? I actually sorry. I didn't check my email last night once I sent that I actually went to sleep I was I had one on a little road trip and Didn't check my emails this morning either But I'll check it out and like I said, we'll figure out something if you want to do something with that Patrick Williams rookie ticket. I pulled a crack dice of his and that's a variation rookie ticket as well Last Thursday on Instagram. It's pretty sweet Chicago That is going to Charles, but yeah, I'll take a look at it right now when I get a chance man And I figure out something real If you're looking for some cowboy stuff, I think I might be able to get you some stuff Work out something. We got LeBron James Buddy healed the 75 Patrick Williams We got on the echo a cungu Terry Horger to $1.99 for the trailblazers Horsin when a Terry you got Terry got the Terry Terry to Terry Mojo Jalen Smith nice Here for the jazz that is Odoka Asabuki Peter with that one And there you go first box Dunzo All right, next box s already good luck next box we got Kira Lewis jr.  I'll be tomming We got Luka Donchich Meet the Clippers yesterday Great for the hobby. We got first round ticket of Miles Turner next half Larry Bird legendary contenders inserts Lamello ball lottery ticket Charlotte Hornets going to Matthew and we got a redemption Myles are sorry Tyrese Maxie sweet shot to Jimmy Butler Jokic Did everything he could yesterday Still lost but at the same time, you know, I think Don't remiss a lot of shots at the end of the last like in the fourth quarter rookie variation playoff tickets Card number 117 and that is Killian Hayes Detroit Pistons Going to DJ next box We halfway through after this one here guys Superstars die cut Anthony Davis We got Rod Strickland going old school here with the Blazers today. It's $1.99 Although infertility in the Blazers Lamello ball. You want to take your keys back? I'll be tomming. The finals ticket of 49 RJ Barrett Jimmy Butler. All right, there has to be a big banger in here. I know that we're just not gonna get Rod Strickland There has to be a bigger rookie in here Who is it guys? Who's it gonna be? Desmond Bain about the craziest rookie but still on to on rookie ticket on card Memphis We have Kawai Leonard Superstars die cut Tyrese Maxie Tobias Harris nice little Dr. J. Julie Serving Joel and B Devin Dotson and that is a rookie cracked ice ticket and cracked ice are just So beautiful. These are like the most iconic So if you have a PC from somebody guys and they're basketball or football you definitely got to get a rookie cracked ice ticket It's a must Bulls with that one.  All right guys two more boxes So again, we got a couple orders to go through but after this We are gonna do the select team filler And then break open three box select football Then after that we got select football 20 box blaster case that sold out and Then we got a little filler here to help sell it impeccable football and we had to do a couple more of those Just out the impeccable football LeBron James lotter ticket Daniel Oturu rookie ticket for the Clippers LAC Clippers When Adam Richards Lucovich D Wade legendary contenders ticket Lamello rookie of the year and RJ Hampton 7 out of 99 playoff ticket, and I believe this is a variation Donovan Mitchell Killian Hayes Steven Adams first round ticket already Last one guys. Good luck everybody. I lost lost as good luck James Weisman set first link James Weisman lotter ticket. I think What up yo another James Weisman Nice one there for Las Palmojo, and we got another redemption nice bit Wow How about a Devon of a cell one of one lottery ticket? I don't even know that these came one-to-ones For the San Antonio Spurs Willing with that one look at that man.  There you go. That's sick right there Las Palmojo God John wall the finals ticket our first round ticket. I should say See how come I was a good coral that is in there as well.  There you go. All right. This has to be a banger Embed See how come season to get that is a variation. Who do I see some crack dice? Nice John wall cracked ice season to get That is seven out of 25. That's where they're for Houston Shang with that one and crack guys look so nice this year Nice couple cracked ice in this break as well All right guys, let's hope for some lamella right here Good luck Wow This could be him unless I don't know actually rookie ticket swatches autographs prime That's the patch autographs Card number 15. Oh snap. There it is lamella ball rookie ticket swatches autographs prime Wow This year they put in patch autographs for these rookies Let's look that one up really quick This is only my second patch autograph I pulled I think the first one I pulled was Odoka out of ten I think oh my god This is a one-of-one. Am I looking at this right? Rookie ticket swatches autographs prime. Oh man. This is a one-of-one So they're all serial number to ten, but prime is one-of-one So that is a rookie ticket patch swatches autograph of lamella ball Card number 15 one of one and that is gonna go to Matthew Shira Whoo Damn, that is a monster Look at that and I wish this was live last box mojo did come in clutch right there Can't believe this. This is wild One-of-one go ahead and Matthew. Congratulations, brother. That is a rookie swatch autograph rookie ticket One-of-one a lamella ball and that is a nice way to end it. This is a great box Man, this one had two one-of-ones Anderson Verzio get the siacum variation that cracked eyes the one-of-one Vacelle and the one-of-one lamella ball All right guys, and there you go. That was the break.  Wow. All right guys. So there you go number nine in the books coming up next is a little team random to unlock select football You


Minimum wage in kata is 1,000 kata rial, 300 for food allowance, then 500, which is going to be the accommodation allowance. When we talk about the minimum wage, do not have to mistake these two things. The minimum wage is the same as what you call the basic wage. We are looking at the minimum amount of money or the minimum payment made to a worker or to an employee after completing a given period of task or a given period of task on a given period of time. So that is what you are supposed to pay. Remember in kata most of the employees are given what you call the accommodation. So meaning that you are left with 1,300 as what you call your minimum salary or your minimum wage for the end of 8 hours at the end of the 30 days.


I just have to dark welcome back to unfiltered and uncensored talk with young alumni from historically black colleges and universities back from our summer hiatus of sorts in time for the Fall 2019 semester. Glad to be back with the family Lime brother Katie Laurel by way of A&T Ours the Morganite Taylor the Hamptonian and in tip for who for the first time in several months is not about to be kicked off the show I think everybody who's on tonight was at the HBCU Awards, so I think it's proper to to kick off our welcome back edition Even though we're a few months a few weeks out talking about impressions and surprises or big takeaways from the award ceremony, which was in Baltimore on August 2nd. So And I think Winston get him in the school just joined us as well. So full house tonight Tiff you were there in a work capacity would it what were your impressions about the awards? Wow, I was there actually no work capacity it was When comparing last year to this year Like I told you privately am I like the optics of it better I mean there were a lot of people that attended last year But we were in a bigger space and so like one if you were looking at pictures you might think oh people don't really attend It's but no that's not it at all But this year the space was still big, but I know for a fact we sold out into It just looked fuller. So that is I Would say a double win it worked out well that the space was I guess cozier and This year unlike last year, we didn't have inclement weather that was canceling flights And there was whole people that didn't were calling me the day of the awards. I can't make it. I'm stuck at the airport So thank God we didn't have that Lo you drove up from DC She took that train you're actually I took the mark you took the mark trace. So you didn't drive up You are a regular hater of mine So I'm definitely In your feedback on the awards because I know that's gonna be the most honest feedback I did like the space having it in the original at Lewis Museum and Whoever cooked the green beans Shout out to him So I also want to thank you for making an intentional Disregardable making it intentional to support black business. Yeah, I Didn't like it starting at seven. We were on time. I feel like that was an objective to be on time Okay, but we dealing with black people People were literally standing around talking and all of a sudden you hear on the microphone. Everybody sit down We're about to be started coming from work. So, you know, same same So you would have preferred you would have preferred a flexible start time Like eight o'clock. Oh, it's okay Eight ish even though we had to be out of there by 11 because that's us again They threw us well then for next year in planning you pick a venue that gives you more time Then you might not be in a black museum It doesn't have to be in a black you just said you liked it that way I Said I like that, but it doesn't have to be the same venue. So Katie, what did you think about it? You you were you're the closest to the planning process Yeah, back backstage stuff. So what did you see from the behind-the-scenes thing up to show time?  Yep, and no constraint in the team She was amazing in the background Right right right and she was on it It came together a little better than I thought it was because we were very nervous about you know Getting all the awards out in the start time Getting everybody seated the one thing I think to their point about starting at seven is that Folk really came at seven o'clock like they came at seven You had some people to come like 645 ish But most of the people became in between seven and seven fifteen That was just amazed at how many people really pulled up as the show was supposed to stop I Think the impression was it's gonna start late the HPC Awards has historically started late. Yeah, that was a trend We fortunately broke this year much to the screen of Taylor and Laurel And that was largely because you you rallied the troops this time for real Yeah, you had a lot more hands in and the pot this time I have to say a lot of people said you get out of the way and this will go well and that's exactly How it happens if I get out of the way things go well if I'm in the way then it flops It's about it's not even that it flops You got to trust you you finally decided to trust your you got to trust your teammates.  I thought I'd never be in in my life. So thank you for you know Let me be a part of it for real for absolutely or is and and Winston in a minute school So I don't know geographic came to furthest. I'm a the assumption is Houston So or is if you came to furthest geographically, what was your impression? Was it worth was it worth the trip? Even though it's coming home. Was it worth the trip? Most definitely I enjoyed myself Again, I'm new to to the space in terms of the awards, but also Being around a lot of people in the academic space Definitely anybody, you know here because a lot of you guys are associated with the awards a bit more or with At higher ed a bit more. So it was interesting to see I attended a lot of Galas a lot of awards more on the corporate side Which again have very different atmospheres. So it was it was devil enjoyable experience I think that you know, the only thing for me is just It was very how can I put this I didn't realize how deep some of the universities were coming Yeah, and so I think a lot of awards show a lot of awards or galas. I go to calls for a bit more Mixing this between between constituencies, but it was clear like Certain universities had had deep deep deep amounts of people there and large amounts of tables and that That created an environment where again someone like me was an outsider You know was just kind of looking around like I don't know who these people are and they were university presidents and so forth and so on But I can't recognize those people. So I think people who in the space If you still pay a loving environment for him, which I mean again is your key demographic and and Shows why you sold out this year. This was the first time Well, first of all to sell out It's the second time I think in the history of it that we've sold out But this is the first time that we've not sold general tickets at all In that the school was frustrating for some people It very very much was and to Laurel's point and it's an excellent one This is why you got to get bigger because part of it being in the in the residence of Lewis Museum You had a cap on how many people could be there And so if you have three schools saying I want five tables apiece. You're you're more than 50% There and that I did get cussed out a couple times via email and phone What do you mean? You don't have any tickets So it was it was rough like people's family members couldn't get in like in that It was a gift in a curse. So that's something, you know, definitely to Laurel's point that we we got to figure out Like how to do that because I do think while it was it was great to sell out and be like, I don't have any more It was not a good look for some people who really do support the Dodgers in their wars and say well I can't get in I can't even stand around So that was tough Winston Midnight golf with an amazing showing at the awards What were your impressions of the of the ceremony and the opportunity to network with a lot of the different schools over there? Yeah, so or is this point it was just it was really nice to be in the room I thought it was, you know, very well put together from, you know, the more of an outsider perspective of your point You know, like it has already been mentioned that things were on time and you know Folks were there and seemingly good spirits and all those things. So it was it was great I think we were all everybody from then I got was impressed With the event and and being in and to your point as well being able to to network and being a couple a few presidents Why we were there and and those relationships and then we took an ad out in the In the pamphlet as well and pretty much everybody I talked to that I wasn't sure I'm like, oh, did they really see it and and literally seem like everybody I talked to that saw If so for us as far as the viewpoint and being in the space and being seen by those it was I thought extremely beneficial And then the other thing my my small takeaway was like I like and I think you've tweeted about it the day or two after like This should be like everybody should want to be there Like the regular museum should have been like lined out It should have been like Everybody from every school should want to have an opportunity to be able to express and share and celebrate The community in that space everybody should be clamoring all 101 or two ever we had should be clamoring to be in that space You know because who else is going to put forth that recognition in a space like that with all those beautiful black people like It's I was slightly disappointed just from that aspect as I would hope that there would be so many more people into your point And maybe there was others who weren't able to come and wanted to come but I just hope that it continues to be like a thing where it's got to be bigger because there's no choice because everybody wants to be there And everybody wants two or three tables You know to be a part of it I think it's getting there and this is one of the first times we've had people from schools that Were not nominated they just kind of showed up To be a part of it because they wanted to see what you know What other schools are reacting to and I got a couple calls in the last week or so where they said Oh, we'll definitely participate next year because now we know what we missed by not participating So they want to be not just a part of the media stuff that you get from winning or being nominated But to see so many schools represented there And so many you know delegations of people that want to come to it and the sisters that are that on the call This is I think for the most part. This is your second year being there, right? It's my second year Laurel wasn't there Okay, so Tiffin Okay, so Taylor you're the protocol chair The dark crew so you didn't I didn't catch you looking over your glasses So what did you for your impressions? I really enjoyed it and she I think one thing and I talk about a lot that I really was hoping for I got was the lighting You know compared to last year like I'm very big on lighting I'm very big on you know black folks and our skin popping in all ways. And so you gave me lighting You gave me that you gave me all the glory and so I was really happy about that But I think another thing that I saw that was different that I appreciated this year that it seemed to be a lot more students there And that makes me really happy Laurel not talk about it a lot like ways How can we bring in young folks into the HBCU Dodgers space and like also help them understand? Like you don't have to become an alum like of course you gonna graduate once you graduate But like you can participate in this like in this experience I think it's amazing that it was so many students who were in College and like they were able to be at this gala that they were able to be around like like excellence and like Also sit at a table with you know, whether it's their provost whether it's their president whether it's the VP of student affairs So it allowed them to be in a space where they weren't afraid Of an authority they weren't talking to somebody to get some fix for financial aid like we literally were celebrating with each other And so that's something I really want to continue I would love to be able to you know Fund you know a student to come to the digest awards, you know, that's something that I want to do From my own institution from my brother's school, you know, be able to spring folks I would have to have a special guest even a student who I think is worthy to come that might not be nominated for anything But also to be a part of that space. So those are things I want to bring into the HBCU awards I'm moving forward. I think you know the one thing that's that's interesting with the awards. It can be Everybody who's nominated has done really really good work, right? So then you it's not even Quantitative measures of who did more or who did less but then it's it's qualitative like so what difference did it make in it? How well was it covered? And how much you know resonance did that cause for an institution? So that's almost the way that people have tended to look at it I can tell you one of the big takeaways or the thing that I got the most calls about was um Female president of the year Really? Yeah, because I wasn't I wasn't gonna say anything but I was you know, this is at the dark, babe People I mean, I think I think we all know You know with all love and respect to she's an amazing woman But when I was said there definitely was some heads that turned and look some different directions Yeah, and I think that when you when you think about the academy What they're talking about is okay. Well, who generated the most Valuable coverage or awareness of HBCU this year with their work, right? And this is a really tough one because You know, obviously Tennessee State had the sex issue But then that Dr. Glover was also at the center of that major major major fundraising initiative That didn't just benefit TSU but benefited dozens of HBCU So I think that you know the academy You know and that's something we to be honest We went back and forth about you know, should should she be in that category a female president here Should it be female alumna of the year? And ultimately I think that the people Rested on okay. She is a president She was aware of the issues that face not only her institution But all institutions and this is something that through her work without the cap alpha She did to benefit the HBCU sector at large and so you recognize the work of a president doing that Not just for her school before other school. I appreciate each and every one of y'all being there. Um Really really really um every year dream come true So thank you all so much and thank you to everyone listening who supported it this year So we're going to take our first quick break when we come back. We're going to get back into the dialogue and the shade To talk about the future of uh chain university in Pennsylvania Dodgers after dark will be right back Dodgers after dark and we're back. Um shading some of the trustees who wore matching blazers at the HBCU awards And now we're we're going to switch to something a little more serious The future of uh chainy university so uh the headline from this week is chainy balances this budget, which was a critical um Standard that they had to meet in the goal of of keeping their accreditation with middle states um They also had a fundraiser that raised about 4.4 million dollars about 2.5 of that came from a state grant Which if you take that away gives you know the school's efforts about 1.9 million Um big headlines because people saying okay. Well chainy, you know, maybe in good good condition um The thing you have to watch for Is that this isn't this isn't new for chainy. Um, the state has always stepped in and given chainy loans and grants Things to make payroll things to keep operations up So in my mind and i'm eager to hear from you guys to see if you differ I don't think that doing The same thing for chainy is going to help chain. You almost have to do something dramatic Um helping them balance their budget helping them make payroll That that's not that's not dramatic. I mean and and and when your months removed from Bennett college with one of the the biggest Fundraisers in HBCU history and that wasn't enough What what do you think this is going to do? Like did we not take a lesson away or Obviously, they did not we did not So what what do you guys make of chainy at this point because here's the thing I don't even know if y'all realized it when Bennett was doing their thing A lot of the students and faculty and alumni from chainy was saying hey, don't forget about us. We need the same help That's true, too. They were and they didn't did they get any help? I And if they if they didn't why not I mean were they hitting the so-called digital streets in the same way that Bennett was Not in the same way. They did not have a celebrity kind of shepherd for it Um, yeah, they didn't have I mean they were trying to get hashtags going Well, when you say try, I mean a lot of that is defined by how successful you are All right, um, so I don't know if it was for a lack of trying I think it's just it's just chainy at this point people look at the name chainy and say What they're still open Is it like that because chainy isn't more as brown now No tea no shade all tea all shade no, it's gonna have They're still they're still an accredited four-year degree granting institution. It could also Be the location of chainy Like the difference between chainy and Bennett is Bennett isn't attractive north Carolina Not saying that pennsylvania where chainy is located isn't necessarily attractive But I was going to say don't hang on pennsylvania bust around just send his son to lincoln Yeah, but I Ended around Where we're chainy that family was with the chainy, but still do like that As attractive as going to Bennett and being around a and t Or any number of other hbc use that are close enough What do you say about your school though when the biggest draw to it is that it's near another school? But that's not that's not I mean it's but you can say it's a little bit more involved than that though What do you mean? So when you say it's more involved is it's in a more rural area and so like okay, it does have some Proximity to Philly, but it's not in Philly, right and they don't have you know Chainy size wise a little bit bigger than Bennett and then at least with Bennett I mean now this may be a reach, but I'm gonna go there I would say the same thing that with Bennett and how they were able to raise all that money in a short amount of time You can equate that to the power of black women in terms of increasing votership. Oh, absolutely I don't think there's a reach at all I was I was gonna say that too like black women hold the keys to any political movement in this country And so if they're not leading the charge nonsense out of ten of the your movement ain't going away That's probably what chainy is suffering from they have a lack of Good leadership that could you know get the message out there and be forceful about it because like when it was going down with Bennett, you know, that was all across everybody's news feed It made like like the common area news fees and CNN and MSNBC places like that So like for for chainy not to have made that leap Somebody in leadership dropped the bar. You got to ask for that alumni You know, that's who normally takes the charge when these things happens. It's the alumni You see what happened with conference at university You'd be decided to get fancy and try to pose a fake merger and now alumni jump right on them Because we've been here before we know how to fight this battle. So, you know, I think that I think that's a point though I mean because and we talked about it on the podcast like there was something to be said about The overarching idea a school for black women is facing closure That's something that's something everybody could get behind All right Chaney for a long Say that one more time I said it hit the political it hit the very You know, we talk about black women so much especially in you know Education entrepreneurship and we talk about the growth and development It literally hit the the political that is that is that is in the forefront right now And especially at a time like this Like that was that was perfect.  So it was perfect to say hey, y'all want to do this differently Save a school. That's what sisters I also want to point out that the one thing that Bennett and Chaney having comment is that Yeah, they have this money or the story is being told one way But they're still not out of the woods because they haven't proved that they can sustain themselves They've gotten outside help. That's not always going to be Extended to them and I would I'm kind of A little bit more worried about Chaney because The way that the state of Pennsylvania has been giving to them Makes me think of payday loans And how that is a terrible cycle That one can easily get into which clearly they are deep into I don't remember seeing or reading anything about Bennett being is something that's cyclical like that but Bennett really ain't no much better because Clearly we see that they're fighting So what what side of it do y'all fall on because I think that there's at some point That's going to separate into two camps one open it and save it or to close it Or merge it or do something with it like so what side of the argument are you guys on? I'm saving it. I'm about my bad. I'm also saving it. I just think that When you look at pennsylvania higher education, they have a ton of schools a ton of small Small small small schools and a lot of trouble. Yeah, those peace act schools from millersville To, you know, Indiana University of pennsylvania and there's a ton of schools throughout the state That are all kind of in a situation like Chaney as well as having penn state penn state got like 20 camp like 20 campuses across Yeah, it's so it's a really really really I think that chaney is the type of school that could be merged You know, I wish maybe Lincoln had the money to do something and maybe merge that way But I don't think they do have to have the kind of funds to do something like that I think it just puts them in a really precarious situation and and like you said if chaney is founded in North Philadelphia They have a better chance of survival than being where they are just just based off of the fact that they probably have more transient Students because the chaney is really a decision. You got to make the one to go to school there And you got to have a car or those type of things and we know about the black populations in most major urban cities So I say try to save it. I don't know I don't know how that happens financially Yeah, I mean I I agree that um, I think trying to save it is that's where I would my heart would be But it would be the same kind of drastic ideas that we talked about would bend it outside of them getting money but having to change their strategy and recruitment and types of students and things like that like they they really would have to it would have to be uh And george already said it has to be a completely different effort You have to completely put different things on the table in order to attract a student body and be able to maintain and sustain You know having an institution like that where it's located like we already said as well So, I mean, I think it's just there's a lot it has to be drastic Whatever is going to be done needs to probably be more than one thing It's gonna have to be, you know, some sort of drastic changes Who's not on that who's on the idea of close it? Hate to say it But close it Now what makes you say that? Because and like I said the payday aspect like I really If you have to consistently receive help Because you don't have it and you haven't made The necessary changes or changes that can turn you around Or present a change You gotta you gotta think about a maybe it's time And get up back it up and lock it up like That's what you should honestly think about doing like I don't How many are they costing? Pennsylvania or how much more money will they cost pennsylvania to stay open and not produce? and not feed into The productivity of the state and the the local community like how much is it going to take? Before they like oh nah See that's where that's so clearly the two pisces think alike on this. So the issue is To me, I don't think that it's good for the psyche of people who Who like hbcs who love them and believe in them To keep to keep holding on like this morris brown Morris brown ain't good for the the psyche of the culture cheney is not good for the psyche of the culture And so it say it again. It's almost it's almost Just say get it's abusive get up get get out of here like get out of here like be done with it because I don't you know I know that you know, this is one of the oldest schools we got But if you can't rely on the state to Fund it properly beyond these little stop gap Grants and their alum aren't funding it properly. It would be different. So like Morris Brown for instance They're still open because they got support Right now the alum the the cheney alum. They did a little something But it's literally a little something and it ain't over the course of 17 years like Morris Brown is had So like you really got to think It's time for us to stop I move that we close it up like That's that's what should happen and I'm gonna tell you another sadistic point about this. I almost feel like Cheney is a is an example of At least for the culture at large of addition by subtraction meaning that If we as a as a collective community let Cheney go Then maybe people will take more seriously How bad this thing is for hbc use Almost if it's almost like you have to lose one of the first black colleges in the country Or you may have to lose a fifth university Until your legs let's stop playing That's still a sixth cycle because it's still sending the message that it's some extreme stuff has to happen for someone to keep We'll keep you guys posted. Take our second quick break when we come back We're going to talk about more or is the Morgan eyes favorite subject when he wants to be a pseudo rattler florida and in university I just have to dark I just have to Just have to dark Just wrapped up conversation in the recap of the hbc awards and the future of cheney university Now I want to get into a conversation about florida and them so The recent headlines for fam you have been Mixed I would say is putting it accurately. They've had a lot of positive headlines about, you know, good evaluations for university president larry Robinson and they've had you know issues about You know town halls and things they're going to be doing for the medical marijuana program But these are against the backdrop of a pretty serious headline of athletics and some budgetary issues that the athletic department is having in having to spend auxiliary funds or you know, the illicit use of auxiliary funds to cover calls for athletics, so I know tiff doesn't talk about sports But for the rest of you guys who have been paying attention to this And who understand that fam you was a not only just an important cock for florida But an important cock for hbcu culture at large What's your reaction to this and I guess we'll be kicked off by oris who Is one of us who attended fam you is a regular foil of larry Robinson So you stayed out into this so you lead us on this conversation I think it just shows that this is what This is what fam you is Fam you operates in a space where They are the only publicly funded historically black college in the state of florida They are the most dynamic hbcu within a 500 mile radius More or less of their campus so When you look at the way the school operates It's very easy to do great things within the pharmacy school within the engineering school, which is partly owned by florida state Do do great things in the architecture school Even in the business school It's very easy to do great things have really great alumni and I mean we had a we had a fam you alumni when Hbcu faculty of the year so female faculty of the year and dr. Kenesha grant So I mean the school will always in my opinion produce very strong talent But it does not minimize its operational issues Much of which stem from Fam you's overwhelming um I put this they're overwhelming greed to want to be um a program at a different level than other hbcu's and sports This is not the first time over the last 50 years where fam you has made some Suspect decisions within athletics spending money in different ways to try to create a reality That necessarily is sustainable We all know about what happened in the 70s with their move from the SIC an independent year and then eventually joining the meaq We all know about what happened in the 90s in the 2000s with trying to go to be an fbs school And how the money was funny and kind of ran out there and they ended up coming back to the meaq um, we also don't know about You know the move in which they've been trying to make with getting this new stadium built which again The financing has not been made public yet and that is not um, it's not by mistake But they broke ground and there's not a single word in that deal with a dollar amount It talked about partnerships It talked about joint initiatives It's mentioned nothing about how much money is being spent and where it's coming from so From my opinion as someone who is a family stakeholder I believe that What's happening right now with athletics with the departure of coaches With the way money is being spent the departure of high ranking members of administration who work directly with finance Things things will continue to to happen like this because We all know about the auxiliary funds spent from parking We all know about whatever happened with the liquor deal They got a couple years ago that hasn't produced much of any money For the ability for family to sell beer At bragg stadium I mean there's so many different things that have happened that have not been beneficial to the university From my vantage point financially That continue to pull money from other areas this latest thing is another big big drop And as you can see the next day family you have pressure leases ready For everything that's going on every faculty member who had any type of research was all family news.com the next day Um Ready to you know to kind of counteract the story They all lived in getting 500 likes a post for this alumni did this and this alumni did that To try to drown out the narrative and to me that comes off like A school that isn't willing to accept Uh, kind of what's happened and addressed it and moved forward Um, unlike what dr. Glendale Glover did at tennessee state where she's addressed those things publicly and she said it's the way we're moving forward Uh, larry robinson continues To minimize And act like these things are happening that they're very very small Uh, you know little dots and little blips When in actuality they're very large problems And um, I think that speaks to a larger culture issue with many rattlers. Um, That's very in-miss conscious based on how good the school looks and not really addressing the very deep seated Corruptive processes in place at the university Um, they had things like you know, well, that's why people graduate with tuition revenue still sitting on the books Let me hold up. Let me hit on something you said and let me direct this to tiff Taylor and laurel because me and katie Didn't go to schools that are like this Where the brand of the school is What like jay-z said I will not lose You know like that I don't know what it's like to for a school to have a brand like ant or howard or hampton Where it's like, I don't care what you say and I don't care what truck we're in. We're still the greatest of all time And I think that is at the center of the problem because alumni ignore certain issues Legislators and enemies of these schools play on the fact that people Don't want to hear negativity and they don't really care about accountability At least as far as it's saying let's go do something about it What is that kind of culture like where it's like that there's nothing There's nothing bigger nothing grander than my school because I think that that towards this point. That's that's why we're here with them Southern the same way You know that no matter what happens no matter what kind of corruption there is and I'm not saying ant or howard or hampton I'm like that I'm saying that that that is a brand thing That permeates so much that it's hard for accountability to be yielded from that I mean, honestly, it's just basic basic arrogance, but it's like when And no, no irony in this that our common mild even those new model aggies do. I don't know what that is but Always eggy bright But the pride when does the pride become arrogant and I've always said the same thing about howard Where yes, they do have a very strong brand to the point where a lot of the international students They get is strictly from word of mouth without like a dedicated recruitment strategy plan team Going abroad at the same time. You can't always rely on just oh, what's the brand? You know us and it's like well, something everybody does and it's like, okay I see your brand but We're your numbers your stats don't match all this arrogance you have and it's kind of like anyone that actually does care And is paying attention. They're not going to fall for that but at the same time I mean, I think that the onus is on the alumni that are also involved not just showing up for homecoming but That are actually involved in the alumni association the student alumni association while they're still in school And all of that with the planning everything like that they see it for what it is because yes, I'm alumni But I'm also involved in some capacity So, I mean, I think that With more alumni involved and I feel like I'm saying this every time but with more of that You can kind of get past like, okay. Yeah, we're proud but We need to come to Jesus moment and we're not doing well. But is that possible?  But but famu's issue ain't ain't alumni involvement Famu's issue is alumni involvement in the actual running of the school They don't they they will they will show they will give money. I mean alumni giving us up Despite these issues They just don't care like they they really believe that the school will never close The state will never step in And and that's to me is just to me is more about delusion than anything else But again, I say that and I'm a hater But that's the point I was gonna make don't alumni serve as the firewall because you may have alumni who say hey We need some accountability here like this can't the kid the school can't run like this But then if you if you it was one person saying hey, can't we do this better?  Stop hating Like that. I mean, I I've read many articles on this with the digest How many comments have I gotten to agree with me from famu alumni there? I haven't seen not one famu alumni in any group chat in facebook posts anything on twitter to say Oh, no, I I think that I think that this is something we should look into So like in like in all seriousness like i'm very like one thing and everybody knows I talk about it all the time Like hampton we suffer from a godlike complex And I think That is very dangerous overall I'm always fearful when leadership makes it seem like nothing can happen and nothing can touch us Um, even when we're great, um, you can be up and be down at any moment Um, and so like yeah like coming from hampton, you know being in it.  We this we that the baddest of the land Look at my card not in my car because it is not one of those But at the same time like when you're in it when you're a student when you're attendant It's very you know, it's that arrogance feels great when you leave And when you are you become an alum and you start seeing things from you know, I guess the lack of Rose colored glasses and stuff like that It's very frustrating when you try to communicate those things when folks that you went to school with and alums that Are from your institutions suffer from what I call a very godlike complex a very much of like nothing can touch us Even if y'all do have issues will come out of it.  I'm not talking about on The level of what you're describing say for show things can happen But when I when I talk about how it's not going to fail or howard will be here how it's not gonna be cheney Yeah, it's it's like that like If you allow howard to die or to struggle to that point, what does it mean for the rest of our institutions that aren't Like hampton that aren't like a and t that are like cheney that are like other state institutions If we struggle y'all for shows on struggle But again, we talk about Issues as such a very dramatic way That even or is talking about like the losing of 5 000 students folks are like, oh, we ain't lost 20 000 and it's like, okay It's like, okay, but also a 5000 k hit in revenue is a is a hit and it's like It's a that's a large hit and also Why why are we losing them? You know, but again, folks are like, you know, but we didn't lose three res hall buildings or something You know, it's we want to see this like I knew I wrote about that as well But it's just like, you know, again, I'm very I'm just very tired of this abusive nature that we want ourselves to react to things Um, and it's just also One thing I tell alums and I go back and forth with it even when it comes to hampton, you know When folks are like, you know, we're great. We're doing well And I'm like, you know, we've had issues with whether it's halls whether it's other things that current students and alums are talking about even giving Closing of programs and just stuff like that in general. Um, it's like How do we move ourselves from just waiting for stuff to be so drastic and so dramatic For us as alums to react like and if I'm going to build an alum Alumni base, I want you to understand proper leadership And if we only moving for triage and if we only moving for fire, I'm not even sending you to be a proper Alumn for you to go off and be a leader in your respective field I'm not sending you upright to be to go off to be a proper doctor or sign I'm not setting you up because you only know how to react When when literally things are going straight to ass or hitting a fan But you got you got a point but the issue is a complacent or unknowing alumni base Is the best friend of an administration go to bat If they know that the alumni won't raise hell And won't ask pointed questions and are still going to invest and are still going to be driven by you know How live homecoming was and you know, did the football team win and you know, do we have new buildings going up? That's that's an asset. That's an asset.  They will still sell out bragg this homecoming. I'm serious They cannot play and post season play for 2019 We gotta we gotta have an extended conversation about that because it we have to talk about the alumni echo chamber Because that that is a big big big big part of and next time we do we'll have kanisha on Maybe because I like her and I don't want to drag her do no mess. She doesn't deserve that She's a gem rattler. She's a gem She's the Gem on the on the academic side. She's the female faculty member She's also a very involved student leader at Florida agriculture and mechanical university made sure to mention that she made sure to mention that After right y'all ain't gonna drag her and I had her as a professor. I know her word. Anyway, here comes the Howard bias So we're gonna we're gonna take our final break and when we come back We're gonna we're gonna shift to some positive news. Uh, steve curry bank rolling The reinstatement and we got to be clear about that the reinstatement of Howard's men's and women's golf programs That's just at the dark. We'll be right back That's just at the dark and we're back. Um, just wrapped up a conversation about the alumni echo chamber How does that influence uh leadership? administration of our beloved hbc's but now we're going to shift to a really really cool conversation um About uh steve curry, uh, I think it's been reported a seven figure gift over six years to go and reinstate uh golf programs at Howard university now we have to say reinstate because Obviously people don't respect embargoes press release embargo So we heard about this at least us in the media heard about this last week, right? And this was embargoed until monday. I mean we couldn't say anything about it Couldn't do anything about it until monday when Howard announced it this breaks What saturday? It goes it goes out all over the place and the and the and the reporting is Steph curry is going to give Howard its first golf programs And then shout out to moorland spin gone library Who jumped on twitter and said you're dead Here they're here the receipts We've had golf since the 60s Um or dating back to the 60s. So shout out to the spice on moorland spin gone twitter timeline um For giving um bleacher report and others the ether Um, but I will there are two people that need to weigh in on this very specifically Uh, one we're going to start with winston getting into school just because he works for an organization called midnight golf Come on So what what what are your impressions of step, uh, you know, this this nba icon um Choosing a major major philanthropic effort centered at at howard So first I gotta give shout out to tiff for recognizing that the young brother that he played golf with To get it going is from what city? Detroit, okay. Yeah, just just to be clear. I'm so so that's a shout out to that to that young brother for stepping up Then You know stepping up and doing what we do Brother odis for stepping up and doing what you're trying to do. So y'all don't you know pride Wait a minute. Y'all are going to take pride in in somebody yelling out from the crowd unruly. Hey steve. Let's play golf Unruly and we do not squander Harassing harassing step I can guarantee you that that young man literally Had to have approached steve curry Introduced himself with his full howard university intro and then A round of golf with steve curry. I can verify that this happens So you tell me now. So you tell me that somebody somebody name From detroit didn't pull a gun out on steve curry and say you gonna give me It's not it at all Is he from west or east? Is he from west side or east side? Ask him why he's already got another thing. That's what you sound like right now, dear That is what you sound like right You know, but it's okay because still we rise continue Winston. I'm mad. No, so we're obviously we're obviously elated having You know potential howard candidates who know the game of golf we can play it now having an institution like howard having a Golf team that they might possibly be able to contribute to You know, it's not only for Um, you know the sport itself But you know the hbc community as a whole having one of the flagship institutions arguably the flagship institution And hbc community having the game of golf You know, and if they're able to really fund it the plan that you know At least what we read so far the plan that that's in place the funding and the the attention around it You know couldn't really be huge for You know the sport among our community As the continuing to rise even even after tiger not playing at the level that he was playing There's still a lot of attention of young african-american and students of color latino included Who are interested in growingly interested in the sport? We know we had the rocket moors classic in detroit and there was a ton of young black and brown kids who Who were there, you know, especially because it was in the city it was in the city proper The first time having something like that in a city like that So I think it's it's huge for Um hbc community and for golf itself And for us, of course, obviously, you know, we're going to be Tiff we're going to be leaning on you to get us plugged in We need to get plugged in with to get on that first team have have two or three midnight golfers on that first Power golf team for sure. Man, this whole topic is Howard bias. How would me?  This is me. This is how we're biased Laurel You're on the campus. Did you did you attend? Did you attend that? Um press conference? No, I did not because some of us have to work But I will say that I just really appreciate where they held it they held it at Langston golf course My father and my grandfather both used to play there. So And that student basically initiated this whole thing and and that I hope through this revitalization of the golf program that they also puts more focus and emphasis on other sports at Howard that are not that far in football soccer Um, and that's actually doing well And it's just like I think in a larger sphere and hire it in general after like with sports There is an over emphasis and money and effort put into football And basketball programs not that there's anything wrong with those sports, but it's kind of like you leave You know your other jewels that are on campus other student athletes and so I just think in general like this is a good precedent. I don't think Again that people should get overly caught up that oh Howard got another celebrity shout out. They always get everything Um, it should more be reframed that you know, specifically since it's golf A sport we were historically intentionally kept out of Um, and still are in certain spaces in terms of country clubs, but Just putting the focus on that where it should be and on students and benefiting the students not, you know Oh look at Howard. They get something else Well to your to your point about the you know the revenue bearing sports I think the emphasis typically has been on that's the that's the sports people watch um And that's the ones that that create revenue whether it's be from you know from parking Um concessions Apparel sales They're typically driven by those You know football men's basketball and in a lot of cases women's basketball Well, which is has really grown over the last 15 years and is a revenue driver as well I can remember, you know when I was in Morgan our our best team on campus was women's volleyball and Had it not been for writing for the school newspaper and having to Having to go cover it. I had to go cover the game I never would have fallen in love with it But you never know until you try and and as few people were at those games It was always lit because that was the best team our football team was going on 11 Our basketball Exactly, uh I mean basketball was going four and 20 I mean So that that was a focus for our school because we didn't have success in the revenue bearing sports But you know to the point that you know, you can be successful or you can't get cam newton's little brother to be your quarterback Yeah, I mean They're gonna get the attention because they get the money. But do you think that steve curry? Putting his name and showing up at howard Makes golf one of those programs Maybe not from a revenue perspective of people buying tickets to a match But for corporate partnership Yes, am I am I might is my mic on you? Yeah. Yep. Absolutely Um, because like if you if you pay attention to corporate america, that's where a lot of the business deals happen Right, let's go play around the golf and talk It's you know, that's the probably one of the few places you can go and have a decent conversation without a bunch of background noise and people You know checking for what you are and who you talking to So, yeah, it just definitely opens doors that were um that were previously closed for those young men And let's also forget that that howard and howard's boosters led The under armor deal exactly steve curry is an under armor athlete I didn't know that under armor school like this was not happenstance. Okay, and steve curry is not funding all It's under armor money that's funding a large part of the deal So this was this was the this was the perfect Matchup between one of basketball player like steve curry who loves golf The school having a fantastic relationship This under armor their under armor is marquee hbcu brand and They're all within the same general metro area and by the way one of the under armor's vice presidents is a Howard alumna former volleyball player adrian I forget your last name a former volleyball player howard is the vice president under this is this is this is this was This was the combination of howard having amazing relationships steve curry be made aware of something and him being able to say Hey going to under armor and saying hey howard howard and howard the under armor's like we already have a relationship with them Boom, I did that was the that was really the perfect marriage between corporate sponsorship, which howard already has a marquee figurehead and steve curry And then having a school where it's going to be very easy for them to get people to play golf because It's a school that exudes that type of energy and in the city for the golf courses, but y'all giving y'all giving Otis all the credit I also That's right Otis did make it happen and you gotta you gotta celebrate the student. He got an old name. He's great. Anyone with an old name I think I gotta check or maybe it's the That don't you don't we don't know if he's a third don't be putting that on there He's either the third or the fourth To the maintenance young man odor To the point about Otis and what he did It should also be understood that what he wanted was also in line with what the university Ultimately wanted and what would best serve Their strategic goals and visions And honestly for anything that we think that we want to do or we think that we want our university to do Like in in general, you need to figure out if it's in if it's aligned with what your administration Has in mind for the university and if it's not aligned Then you got to make sure you can get in alignment. Otherwise you may not go where you where you Think that your university should be and that won't be anybody's fault, but Your that's an excellent point because it would have been way too easy for howards ad and the president to say Wait, wait, you want to do golf? Wait, you sure you don't want to support basketball because we need that live in basketball That would have been way too easy. No stuff help us out with basketball No, they met him with what he wanted to do and that is perfect cultivation like You're you're approaching us with something you want to do can we make that happen? And how quickly can we make that happen because the next step may be Steph comes back and does a basketball clinic at howard every summer You know, so you you've opened the door for him to have a relationship with howard with washington dc He already he already visited obama on a regular basis I mean, so you're you're kind of Setting him up to adopt howard is one of his His regular stops his regular charitable Targets, right? So you have to give a lot of a credit to the administration for Being open to what he wanted to do because the slightest mishap with that Well the slightest press on now help us with basketball could have been like never mind. I'll go to davidson After all I did I did graduate from there. Otis. Um, obviously is responsible for this Early candidate early front-runner for hbcu student of the year. Um, I think that's one everything If he can I announce his name because I just feel sure that I You know, because I could say everybody is actually coming to see Otis and not that, you know, sure I just wanted like everybody So what's his foot? What's his full name? It's Otis And on that note, we're gonna we're gonna go ahead and wrap up our first Episode back in the fall. Thank you everybody for jumping back on tonight and sharing valuable insight. Um Really good show really good show after summer break. So I'm glad y'all bought the heat. Um tiff. Are we gonna do this next week? Oh, I thought Twice a week. We not twice a week You tell me I thought we were Okay, so y'all heard that right you heard my question, right? You know what? We're not gonna do this on air. Thank you so much for listening. Uh, again, thank you for your support at hbcu digest Don't forget to check us out on series 142 xm HBC radio on the Howard university network again. It's been digest at the dark till next time. Peace


So, let us continue with the study of dynamic games, last time we started with looking at dynamic games by first considering this example of two producers producing a homogeneous good and the second producer could observe the quantity that the first producer had produced. Now there is I will talk about a generalization now or maybe let us say a different model let us look at this particular example. So, the game starts with at let us say this node X X is some juncture in time this is we just denote that instant with X and at that instant it is the turn of player 1 to play. Player 1 can play either L1 or R1 if he plays L1 the game goes to node Z and then the game ends with payoff 0 comma 2 so 0 for player 1 and 2 for player 2. If he plays node Y if he plays R sorry if he plays R1 the game goes to node Y and then at Y it is the turn of player 2 to play. Player 2 has two options L2 and R2 if he plays L2 then they would get the players get minus 1 comma minus 1 both get minus 1 and if he plays R2 they each get plus 1. Players are maximizing players. Now can you tell me what should be the mode of play in this case? So player 2 firstly let us make clear our assumptions player 2 knows when it is his turn to play.  When the game reaches node Z player 2 also knows that well it is a game over there is nothing more to do and the game ends that he has no nothing to choose from at node Z that is also something that is not player 2. Player 1 knows at the start of the game that it is his turn to play and to start the game. Every player knows this whole tree they know that these are how these are how the payoffs are going to play out this is what is going to these are the options available to each player and so on. So all of this is common knowledge and during gameplay player 2 knows that when it is his turn to play. So all of this is known so what this means is in short when it is player 2's turn to play at node Y he knows also that player 1 has in fact played R1 you can conclude that from the graph itself. So he has this information that player 1 has played R1 in the previous step. So now tell me how should the players play? Why? So the answer suggested here is one mode of play is to is player 1 plays R1 and player 2 follows it up with R2. So one way of reasoning about this is the following. So player 2's turn to play will come at when it comes when the game reaches Y and at once the game reaches Y at that stage the player 1 has already played R1 there is no going back on that R1 has already evolved the state is that the game is at state Y. Now player 2 has to decide what to play given the options that are in front of it the options there are L2 and R2 the options are L2 and R2 and in this case naturally given these two options R2 is a better option so player 2 plays R2. So following that now if you think about this fact that if the game reaches Y player 2 is going to play R2 then player 1 has the choice of whether to play L1 or R1. So if he plays L1 he takes the game to Z and then gets 0 for himself. If he plays R1 he knows that player 2 is going to then respond with R2 and then he is going to get 1 and player 1 is going to get 1. So the choice for player 1 is effectively a choice between playing L1 and then getting 0 or playing R1 and then getting 1. So between these two naturally he would pick the choice R1. So one mode of play therefore possible mode of play player 1 plays R1 and then player 2 plays R2 and why R1 because better than playing L1 better than N1 which would have given him 0.  So here in this so whatever I said is specific to this structure okay here being at Y itself lets you conclude that player 1 has played R1 yeah yeah so so player 2 knows that he is at node Y okay from node Y he can conclude that the only way Y could have happened is that player 1 has played R1 all right. So that is how he concludes that player 1 has played R1 it could be that he does not know which node he is at and so on those are more complicated problems we will come to that in a moment but right this is this is what he can deduce from this from this structure okay if there were now to answer your other question which is suppose there were you know branches coming out from Z also then if player knows that he is at Z then he would know also from there that player 1 has played L1 okay. So this we have to build into the assumption of the game about what player knows then we will come to all of that in a moment okay okay so this is one possible mode of play that player 1 plays R1 player 2 responds with R2 the way you have reasoned about this is is essentially similar is a kind of backward reasoning we said we start from the end at the end player the last player to play is player 2 he has two options L2 and R2 in the in the event that the game reaches node Y he has two options L2 and R2 and at well at that node then he would play R2 and then the question for player 1 is whether you end the game right there by taking the game to node Z or you actually take it further to node Y and let player 2 play okay all right now question then is so this is what let us also write out the payoffs that the players get what are the payoffs that players are going to get through this in this mode of play player is both players get 1 comma 1 okay both players get 1 all right so question then from my question to you is is there another mode of play so there is no such there is no formal definition we have to think of modes of ways of playing and because we have not yet defined what a rational outcome of the game is yeah okay yes okay any other okay so that could be another way but we have already seen that you know minimax type of thinking is not applicable when there is a zero even there is a non-zero some game so if you if each player thinks of the worst the case damage that the other player could do and that is that does not that is not the right way of reasoning because it will lead you to regret it at the end of it all okay so this this is not a zero sum game so therefore that that logic is not applicable is there any other way by which you can we can reason about what is going on in this game okay so I will claim that there is in fact another plausible outcome to this game okay and the other the outcome is the following the outcome is that player 2 another plausible outcome the outcome is that player 2 responds player 2 when it when the game comes to y player 2 actually plays l 2 okay player 2 plays l 2 at y l 2 at y and player 1 and player 1 plays plays l 1 at x now this seem this may seem kind of absurd okay because player 2 plays l 2 at y is what I have said here he plays l 2 at y okay but player 1 is playing l 1 at x now if player 1 is playing l 1 at x okay player 1 plays l 1 at x the game never reaches y and the game actually goes to z and and the game and then it is game over right the game ends there so the player 1 play playing l 1 at x means that there is nothing for player 2 to do but yet player 2 is playing l 2 at y but let us just think through this and see how how this plays out suppose player 2 plays l 2 at at y okay what does that mean the player 2 has promised to play l 2 at y okay now having promised to play l 2 at y what would what would player 1 do the if player 2 has promised to play l 2 at y player 1 would not want to take the game to node y but instead want to take the game to node z by playing l 1 at node z it is of course true that player 1 player 2 has nothing to do okay the game has ended player 2 has has no action at at node z okay but but let us think about this from the point of view of player 2 player 2 has basically got got player 1 to go to node z and end the game by promising to play l 2 at node at node y right of course by promising to play l 2 at node y he he is essentially ensured that node y never actually comes and the game in fact goes to z and the game ends now let us think in terms of a Nash equilibrium here so assuming player 2 plays l 2 what is the best response of player 1 if player 2 is going to play l 2 here what would player 1 want to do naturally he would want to play l 1 and if player 1 is playing l 1 what would player 2 want to do he has nothing to do he will he just then he can just stick to his you know promise of playing l 2 at node y right so player 2 has only committed to playing l 2 at node y but it is a commit it is a commitment which you can say is not credible in some sense because the game never really goes to node y and no one can ever verify that he would have in fact played played l 2 at node y the game in fact because of that commitment because of that promise he is in fact he is he is in fact he is he is ensured that the game in fact goes to node z no no we will come to that so what we know we we just want to solve for a mode of play we will come to a formalistic what as of now all that players know is that this is the tree okay that the the tree looks like this and we want to come up with modes of play so what you you can think of see so so let us look at the other one okay now assuming player 1 is playing playing r 1 what would player 2 want to do r 2 r 2 is the best response to r 1 and assuming that player 2 is going to play r 2 what would player 1 want to do he would want to play r 1 so there is a kind of equilibrium property to r 1 r 2 but there is also an equilibrium property to l 1 l 2 in the same sense if player 2 is going to indeed play l 2 it is better for player 1 to play l 1 rather than go to node y and if it is if it is the if player 1 is playing l 1 then player 2 can promise whatever the hell he wants at node y including playing l 2 but playing l 2 is the one that makes player 1 go to l player 1 go to node z so he has so the so we will get to the information part later but but let us look at the rationality now okay now of course there is something troubling about this l 1 l 2 equilibrium and what is the troubling part the troubling part is this promise of playing l 2 right if the node if the game does go to node y it is not optimal for player 2 to play l 2 if the game does go to node y player a player 2 would want to play r 2 but by promising to play l 2 if his promise remains unverifiable by promising to play l 2 he ensures that the game never actually goes to node z node y it goes to node z is this clear so so there is a so what player 2 has done has promised to play irrationally at this node but then player 1 gets scared of that because he realizes that if the if the game goes to node y and this guy does indeed play l 2 then he is going to get minus 1 and minus and then he is better off therefore playing l 1 which gives him 0 is this clear so there is a there is clearly something troubling here which is that that the there is a there is an element of that the where player 2 you can say in some sense is thinking irrationally here is or playing irrationally but he is he in fact playing irrationally or he is he just committing to play irrationally because he is in fact what when it comes to the actual play that plays out he never actually is irrational he never has to play irrationally he never has to take an irrational action at any node this is the effect of commitment is just promising that he will play irrationally is promising to I will do this and and so on but then therefore this the he never comes the player 1 never actually comes to node y and his promise remains you know you can say unverifiable hmm yeah so let us let us let us go through now since you may since you are bringing up rationality let us bring up rationality in in this equilibrium r 1 r 2 equilibrium what did players get players got 1 and 1 and now player 2 by throwing these tantrums has been able to get 2 by saying that he is going to play irrationally at node node y by committing to play irrationally at node y he has taken effectively ensured that the game goes to node z and at node z he gets 2 now can you really say that player 2 is being irrational in this no not necessarily which player so play you can say well there is a really the question at hand is not about rationality but whether rationality can include commitments of irrational behavior within it ok thus promising to play irrationally include can that be included as a possible mode of play in a completely rational setting you understand because selective or posturing irrationality or posturing to be irrational pretending to be rational promising to be rational you can give it whatever way word you want but this kind of a commitment to play irrationally is that yeah it can maybe that is part of a higher level of rationality right so once there is a dynamic game and the game is non-zero sum a whole lot of new phenomena start coming up and the reason this is happening is because there is a there is the game is dynamic there is information that is that is there that is being that is that is present as an element of the game if player 1 if player if these players were playing simultaneously ok this none of these issues would arise ok so so let us let us now think about this formula and let us see how we can so these what all I have said here these are two plausible modes of play but we need to think formally and say what write this down formally as a as a game write out what the set of strategies are for both players and let us see if we can get to this through the Nash Equilibrium ok so let us let us write this formula what are the strategies for the players first first ok let us let us take this one step back what are the actions for the players what are the actions for the players at player at at node at node x the actions at node x the actions for player 1 are l 1 and r 1 at node y what are the actions l 2 and r 2 for player 2 player 1 does not have any action at node y player 2 has actions l 2 and r 2 at node z it is you can say well the game ends but we can also say that we can put in a a kind of fictitious action here we can say it is player 2's turn to play but he has only one action which is to do nothing ok let me just put it like this he has only one action here a fictitious action and that is to do nothing and it gives payoff 0 comma 2 to the player ok so it is this is completely equivalent it is like yeah yes yes no no no so but see the so I will I will come ok we will what I meant was that these phenomena do not occur ok so this in fact l 1 l 2 since you brought it up yes it is in fact an equilibrium that arises out of ignoring information if the essentially player 2 is acting as if you know it never mattered whether player 1 has played r 1 or not he is acting like he is playing the way he would have if he did not have the information of player 1's action ok so but but we will have to you know exactly how because you know if he does not have the information of player 1's action then how does he know that he has to do nothing at z and and this and why all of that has to be written out properly but loosely speaking essentially what player player 1 is player 2 is effectively doing is ignoring the fact that player 1 has that at why player would have player 1 would have he the game would have come to know why only when player 1 would have played r 1 this has been completely ignored so he is just simply come committing to play l 2 no matter what now one way of doing this if you since you have brought it up let me I sorry for jumping a little bit ahead but one way of doing this is to you know I can think what I call do nothing here no I can just relabel this as l 2 so what he is effectively doing is regardless of what has happened I will just play l 2 I just relabel it I just change the name of the action I will call it l 2 I mean doing nothing is playing l 2 we can yeah in fact we can go one step ahead we can add another branch r 2 here and give the same pay of 0 comma 2 to r 2 I can even do this so this is the all of these this is a little I mean it is not as slick as I am making out out to be but but general I mean you can in this case you can do all this we have added a couple of fictitious actions bogus actions which give which have no strategic implication it is the same game as before because okay so now effectively what so now the player 2 has the same choices l 2 and r 2 at both nodes and he is saying regardless of what you play I am going to play l 2 even though he has the information he is in fact going to play l 2 okay he could have said well if you come if it comes to know if the game goes to node z then I will play this if the game goes to know why then I will play that but he is ignoring that information and that is now reminiscent of what we said in the previous lecture which is the equilibrium of the game simultaneous move game is inherited as an equilibrium of the dynamic game so that is your l 1 l 2 is then the equilibrium of the simultaneous move okay okay yeah yeah so this is so there is so here that is another possible mode of play and that gets you to gets you to the blue mode of play that I have written here it gets you to this so what this there is a term for this in in English have you heard of this this is actually borrowed from French it is what is called faith or complete what does faith or complete means faith or complete means that okay yeah player 2 is making this threat okay but it is in some sense a bluff right because player 2 is effectively saying that that he is promising to play rationally player 1 can say I call your bluff I will take the game to know why now show me if you can actually play if you can actually play l 2 right and that gives you another solution of this game so there are many people who disagree about various whether which one is more which one is more reasonable and so on okay there is there continues to be debate or in amongst game theorists about this my own stand about this is that both are actually valid games of mode of play okay and the reason for that is because we have never know the whether rationality can include what I said promises of irrational behavior is not something that we have been able to rule out completely rationality you can take as common knowledge so nationality is common knowledge but issuing threats is is not part of irrationality is not being irrational so so so this is some people argue the way you do and they say that therefore this is the only way to solve the game okay that one should so the so this is what they says that rationality should also be applied recursively at every step the player is rational okay whereas whereas I am completely comfortable with this idea that rationality can include a kind of yet you can have an enlightened form of irrationality rationality where which includes a pretense of irrationality also okay so these are these are open questions okay no none of this is something that we everyone's been there is consensus on in this in the field I have this is I am teaching you my what I think is my what I feel is the more reasonable way of thinking about this okay you might find some books saying that this is the more credible equilibrium the reason because the reason is because this is as this this adheres to a stricter form of rationality that rationality that holds at every stage given the set of options the player is rational if he is picking the best option at each step but then what then question is then essentially all other equilibria which are which involve some form of threat will there be law okay and I find it I am I do not find it reasonable that these should be ignored okay anyway since I am using this this term the faith accompli here basically refers to the situation where I you know the faith accompli means that the you your options are locked because the deed is done you know you this guy just moves and then he called moves to player 1 moves to why takes R1 moves to why and then player 2 has no choice and then therefore at that stage invoking rationality given the limited choices then he he has to play art okay this second equilibrium is this here is you can say is recursively rational there essentially if you see the way the field has evolved also right in many ways the second one has become more attractive because because it has easier tools okay you are effectively what is happening is you are doing you are recursively computing from the end so it is a form of dynamic programming that is being done okay those of you know dynamic programming you are basically saying okay what would you have done at the last step then you say okay from then what would you have done at the step the previous step and previous step and so on so people from operations research control theory etc find this very is something they find this to be a solution that they can compute using the tools that they know okay so therefore this has become a very popular concept now popular does not mean right okay these are very different things and but unfortunately it is the one that that also comes up in a lot of in a certain type of literature okay whereas if you want to really explore this the second concept if you want to allow for threads then you need to compute things in a very different way and then that will that you know because the tools are in there the analysis is not there you know that also becomes a problem okay but this is but there are enough examples and it is well understood that the threat equilibrium is something that occurs generically in a dynamic game okay so this you can so the second one as I said can be thought of as this one can the first one can be thought of as recursively rational the second one is can be thought of as a as a threat as a threat equilibrium that is also in this another word that is also used is that this is in fact a non-credible threat a non-credible threat is a threat that does include a promise to be irrational so threat can still be you know could you may want to you may still be rational but but but damaging to the other player so threat just includes the damage right to the other player the irrationality part of it is is is encoded in the world non-credible non-credible threat non-credible means essentially you cannot a player the if the game does indeed come to know why then player would player 2 would not be able to carry out this threat before we go to more formalization let me also mention another another concept which comes up this comes up in in geopolitics for example have you heard of the word mutually assured destruction or assured mutual destruction right so so what that differs to is essentially this it is basically what player 2 is basically saying here is he remember player 2 is going to get minus 1 but in the process player 1 also gets minus 1 and it is that which player player 1 gets influenced by I mean that is what makes him move to l1 okay now essentially what he player 2 is promising to do is is if the game comes to know why then we will I will not only destroy myself I will also destroy you okay this is this mutual destruction that is being promised and that player 1 being player 1 being you know sort of being rational and scared of that comes to brings the game to know that okay now this this this assured mutual destruction is or mutually assured destruction this is this is a term that is used in geopolitics to refer to exactly these situations where countries or groups you know terrorist organizations etc you may want to negotiate with them and so on but at at the same time there is always this fear that they could explode a nuclear weapon or something like that and then you know not only damage themselves but also damage everyone else okay so dealing with countries that that that do not have a single point of governance or a single or a trustable rationality brings up this this particular issue okay and you can think of this as a way of for which by by which you know you can try to justify justify this the right equilibrium as a valid outcome also because it in fact does play out


Hmm A pack opening I can't remember last time I did a straight-up pack opening But I have a very very very good feeling about this. I'm gonna be gone from December 26th until January 6th And there's a very good chance I'm about to miss a flight because I'm recording this video Let's go. However, I have to upload my content for you guys I know that and what's cool about this is I'm gonna do this Christmas bundle right here and all of these Presence will probably have opened by the time you saw this So you guys will know if the present that I got was like something insanely ridiculously good or was just absolute garbage We have nineteen thousand nine hundred and nine snow that is a lot I'm gonna open this Christmas bundle. Yes EA take my money. Take my money. Yeah, you can have it By the way guys if you're looking to make a super professional website and you have no idea where to start Make sure to go to squarespace.com, but I'm gonna give you more info on all of that at the end of this video It's Christmas. Okay, this is it. Hmm You can have it so I don't actually know how it works But when you melt snow you can get the ghosts of Madden present and past and future, right? So does that mean I could pull rainy moss in that or can I only pull rainy moss in packs? I Guess we'll find out. All right present. You need the extra large best possible present that you have Yep, that's what I thought you'll give me a small one Oh, by the way, you can check if your present is gonna be an elite card or gold card though Cuz if you scroll over here, so this is an elite present So even though that's kind of a crappy small one It'll likely be like a low overall elite player, but you're better than a gold I'm starting to be like I'm gonna have instant regret for opening this bundle, but worse comes to worse That's why oh, okay. Never mind 89 saving Howard in all reality The reason I'm opening this is because I want to get an extra large present So let's hope we can do that. Oh, and I want to show you guys something Okay, so when you see this video a hundred percent this present has opened by the way. I got the Michael Vick He's awesome. I have a few presents that I haven't opened yet. So there's this one. I Don't know what those colors are. I'll be a is that Chargers so I have that it opens on Christmas Yeah, I have two of these ones purple yellow and black and it's extra large So this is guaranteed to be a ghost of Madden. Oh, and you can see right in that little bubble under the present It says pass this is an extra large. It's either could be like John Randall like a Vikings player I think I might be at Reed like for the Ravens. It could be Ray Lewis. I have no idea what could be if it was Ray Lewis I would go insane. I don't know why they do Ray Lewis. This has got to be juju Smith Schuster I hope that's who that is but okay. Let's keep opening these extra large extra large extra law Wait, that's kind of sick that is a hundred percent a Seahawks player I can do those colors. They probably wouldn't do because that's not a super good present. So it wouldn't be Russell Wilson either Doug Baldwin, maybe a decent Doug Baldwin card, but uh, oh We got another good one. Hey, what colors are those that kind of likes like purple and light blue I mean, I'm gonna find out when I get back from London. We're taking outside now This whole bundle is gonna be an L if I don't pull An extra large present.  I will admit. I don't know what I just said Nothing nothing nothing Have faith tundra tundra Okay. Oh, hey, I got him. I got a frosty player. It's Richard Sherman That's actually semi decent. Oh, but the bundle topper guarantees me a larger extra large present and that should better be extra large Oh, I remember why I don't ever open packs now You know every every once in a while after like three ish months. I'll forget. I'll be like, oh, I haven't done a pack Open a while and I'll be bad.  Hey, that's a large present to you That's dope. Okay. You could there's still an extra large you could pull right? Yeah It's gonna be the purple and yellow one. There's also like a blue and orange. What do you got? What do you got? What do you got? I'm done. Come on. If you don't give me an extra large.  That's a Thanksgiving card. Yeah, we're like three years past that EA.  This is my punishment. This is my punishment for giving my money to EA I am physically being punished for I know it Oh, I'm sorry, baby. Jesus. I'm sorry. Good lord. I'm sorry for doing this This is the final present of the hundred dollar bundle Hey Hey, that's pretty good Hey, it's a medium guy. Those are some cool colors dude navy and red I don't know what that would be, but that's kind of cool looking one I have one left over regular present and then my last one is a large or extra large present And of course, that's a mini guy. Okay, please Please we need the tundra. We need We need it. We need it Let's go I'm spin. I'm doing a new tactic. You ready?   I will drill a hole in my head three We have three of those presents. That is wild That means I can move on uh to our melting our snow So here's the thing when melting the snow I can melt the snow and like Then I could just sell the player right back for snow again and like do it forever But I don't know how to pull the limits. Can I pull the limits in these packs? I have no idea I'm gonna open one go some mad and past one go some mad and present and one go some mad in future and Maybe we can pull randy moss randy moss right here. That's what I'm saying. Oh, I gotta do my tactic I gotta do my spin in the chair and then come back to a tactic. Oh, that's not Tim Brown, okay, I'm gonna waste a little bit of snow. So I'll do two of each So I'll waste a little bit of snow and I'll do one more I don't even know if this is possible.  In fact, you're like the shittiest one. Okay, so We didn't get our randy moss. I don't even know if it's possible. So I feel like But I'm gonna do a go some mad present too and who's who's our present limited right now I have no idea who it is. Maybe I'll just pull What Wait, what this is amic and sue was in a present and now it's in the pack That's kind of cool actually Respect. I had no idea they would do that. Okay, so I'll do two of these as well Who is my ghost man present card? I totally forgot patrick peterson. Okay.  Oh my god if I pull baker do please Please You are not baker mayfield. You're not even close to baker mayfield All right, I'm gonna open one more ghost man future baker Everybody stand with me. Come on. Come on. I got my present on ice.  All right, boys. That's it for now Uh, thank you for watching this video as always. Um, I am away in london right now Obviously, so try my best to get content out while I'm gone But hopefully um, you can understand if I'm not posting like if I'm posting like every other day or something But I'm still gonna try and daily upload in december. So we'll see that's all. Thank you for watching as always peace out guys So if you are someone who is interested in making that website look no further You got to go to squarespace.com So they'll start you out with a template awesome illustrations and great designs Really, all you got to do is have your name and know what you want your website to look like and you can get it done On here super easy But check it out for yourself.  Make sure you guys check that out. That's it for now Thanks for watching as always. Take care