Hi, my name is Monty Johnson. I teach philosophy at the University of California, San Diego And this is a lecture on Aristotle's politics book eight, which is about the education of the citizens in the perfect state I'm using the translation of the politics by Benjamin Jowett Oxford 1921, which is in the public domain Here's an outline of the book overall in chapter one Aristotle discusses the importance of education to the Constitution to any Constitution In chapter two, he discusses and distinguishes between liberal or free education and Illiberal education in chapter three. He discusses the customary branches of education and their purposes in chapter four He discusses the purpose of physical education specifically that is gymnastic exercises and in chapters five to seven he discusses the purpose of musical education both performance and appreciation So the first chapter about the importance of education to the Constitution Aristotle couldn't be stronger or more direct quote None will doubt that the legislator should direct his attention above all to the education of youth for the neglect of education does harm to the Constitution and He fills this out specifically by saying that quote the citizen should be molded to suit the form of government under which He lives for each government has a peculiar character which originally formed and which continues to preserve it The character of a democracy creates democracy and the character of oligarchy creates oligarchy and always the better the character The better the government So if anyone cares about creating or sustaining a democracy you better care about education and educating people to preserve that democracy and any other Constitutional type including Aristotle's best regime Now notice that nowhere in the politics does Aristotle discuss or even mention Any benefit of education for individuals specifically Nor does he discuss whether certain individuals or even the whole population might Benefit from a different kind of education than the one that is supported by the state For example, perhaps I live in a democracy But I individually would benefit more from an aristocratic kind of education Aristotle says nothing about that situation or perhaps some people would benefit more from a democratic style education Even though they exist in an oligarchy, none of that is of concern to Aristotle here His perspective is entirely from the side of importance of education in supporting and sustaining the Constitution most states he acknowledges failed to support their constitutions because they neglect education But it's as if individual motives for education like getting a job or even intellectual enjoyment are irrelevant to the political theory of education, which is only concerned with how in education inculcates in its citizens the kinds of virtues that That constitution holds to the good life to consist in Now Aristotle argues that education should be public Here's his argument first for the exercise of any capability or art a previous training and habituation are required Therefore for the practice of virtue so practicing a virtue like courage or temperance or justice or even wisdom Requires training and habituation and its actions are like with any art like with architecture For example or painting where you need training and habituation The second premise is that the whole city has one end and as we've seen that end is a certain kind of virtue Well, if you combine both of those premises Then third it is manifest that education should be one and the same for all and that it should be public And fourth he specifically says and it shouldn't be private It shouldn't be as at present when everyone looks after his own children separately and gives them separate instruction of the sort Which he thinks best the training and things which are of common interest should be the same for all So it's crucial that the city has exactly one end and it needs to bring that end about and Since all of the citizens are just parts of that one city then all of them will need to be educated towards that one end and So strongly does he believe this that he goes so far as to say quote neither must we suppose that any one of the citizens Belongs to himself for they all belong to the state and Are each of them a part of the state and the care of each part is inseparable from the care of the whole Now as Aristotle says in chapter two There is widespread disagreement about both the ends and the means of education Having concluded that as he says education should be regulated by law and should be an affair of the state In fact, it should be public and the same for all he next announces The topic what should be the character of this public education? Now there is widespread disagreement about the end of education Even if we agree that it's for the sake of the good life or happiness Some think that education should be for the sake of utility for example making jobs or money Others think it should be for the sake of virtue among those who agree that it's for the sake of virtue There may still be a disagreement about what kind of virtue courage and glory and war Self-control and justice or in a little intellectual virtues like science or wisdom and There is also widespread disagreement even among those who agree about the end What are the best means to educating for that end and that is because they disagree about the nature of virtue And so how it can be produced and inculcated in individual citizens Now Aristotle distinguishes between what we now call education and job training And the way he distinguishes this is a discussion of liberal and illiberal occupations So he begins by saying that all have to agree that all citizens should be taught those things That are useful which are also really necessary So nobody could disagree with that if they're necessary and useful, of course, they should be taught but Aristotle argues not everyone should be taught all useful things. This is because some useful things are produced by liberal Illiberal or unfree Occupations learning these kinds of useful things would vulgarize the students So some useful things he says shouldn't be taught to free people at all quote and any Occupation art or science which makes the body or soul or mind of the freemen Less fit for the practice or exercise of virtue is vulgar wherefore we call those arts vulgar which tend to deform the body and Likewise all paid jobs for they absorb and degrade the mind Let that sink in Aristotle says all paid jobs absorb and degrade the mind So his ideal is that the happy citizens should not have paid jobs should not have to work paid jobs if you're someone who has to work a paid job you're in an unfortunate situation in which at least your mind and your virtue will be Stunted and possibly corrupted, but also your body could be affected by it and so even though those those Occupations that require those kinds of things are useful. They shouldn't be taught to free people Other useful things have both liberal and Illiberal aspects these subjects should be taught but only to a certain extent Because if one attends to them too closely in order to retain attain perfection in them The same evil will follow as in the case of the entirely illiberal occupations the criterion Aristotle offers to distinguish whether an Occupation is liberal or illiberal is whether the activity is done for its own sake and that of one's friends Or if it's done for the sake of others quote The object also which a man sets before him makes a great difference if he does or learns anything for his own sake or the sake of his friends or With a view to excellence the action will not appear illiberal But if it is done for the sake of others the very same action will be thought menial and servile So on this view work done for a corporation for a wage for example would be considered menial and servile While the same activity Undertaken for one's own ends would be considered free So compare the contemporary distinction between training and education Training like job training prepares the mind or the body to be useful for someone else's purpose someone else's Making profit for example Education on the other hand prepares the mind to be useful for one's own purposes and to Deliberate about those purposes totally different things education and training although nowadays the distinction is often overlooked In the third chapter Aristotle discusses the customary branches of education which are first Reading writing and drawing which are regarded as useful for the purposes of life in a variety of ways Aristotle doesn't say much about these here He is especially interested in the ways that they're valuable without being useful for example He says the children may be taught drawing not to prevent They're making mistakes in their own purchases or in order that they may not be imposed upon in the buying or selling of articles But perhaps rather because it makes them judges of the beauty of the human form To be always seeking after the useful does not become free and exalted souls Now in addition to reading writing and drawing Aristotle discusses Gymnastic exercises which are thought to infuse courage. He believes that and so he thinks that those will be Clearly a part of the main educational system and he discusses them in the next chapter for Finally music Now although the core idea of music relates to harmonies melodies and rhythms that are sung or played on instruments The Greek term actually means something much wider perhaps even encompassing all of culture itself And this is because Greek poetry including epic and lyric poetry and drama like tragedy and comedy was always accompanied by music in the core sense And as he discusses in the poetics dancing is another closely related phenomenon to this Aristotle discusses musical education for the remainder of this chapter and in chapters 5 to 7 Now the rest of chapter 3 Aristotle discusses leisure amusement and pleasure He raises a doubt about music Concerning music a doubt may be raised in our own day Most men cultivate it for the sake of pleasure But originally it was included in education because nature herself as is often been said Requires that we should be able not only to work well, but to use leisure well for as I must repeat once again The first principle of all action is leisure Both are required but leisure is better than occupation and is its end and therefore the question must be asked What ought we to do when at leisure? So in book 7 we saw Aristotle argue that just as the end of war is peace So the end of toil and work is to have leisure, but what do we do once we attain leisure? Well, one thing we do is listen to music and this is one reason why music is very important But its purpose is not mere amusement Aristotle says quote clearly we ought not to be amusing ourselves for then amusement would be the end of life But if this is inconceivable and amusement is needed more amid serious occupations than in other times For he who is hard at work has need of relaxation and amusement gives relaxation Whereas occupation is always accompanied with exertion and effort. We should introduce amusements only at suitable times and they should be our medicines for the emotion which they create in the soul is a relaxation and from the pleasure we obtain rest But leisure itself gives pleasure and happiness and enjoyment of life Which are experienced not by the busy man But by those who have leisure for he who is occupied has in view some end which he has not attained But happiness is an end since all men deem it to be accompanied with pleasure and not with pain so it's quite serious business this relaxation and Pleasure that we derive from music it allows us to pursue greater Unleasured things toil and war and that sort of thing as their end They enable those other important things in order to bring them about But different kinds of pleasure Aristotle argues are enjoyed by different kinds of people and this varies according to their habits of Course the pleasure of the best man will be the best and spring from the noblest sources But it's clear he says then that there are branches of learning and education Which we must study merely with a view to leisure spent in intellectual activity And these are to be valued for their own sake Whereas those kinds of knowledge which are useful in business are to be deemed Merely necessary and exist for the sake of other things Now why was music introduced into education in the first place even if it has those kinds of ends Why was it introduced into education? I mean music is neither necessary The way the other customary branches are or any other fast of education you can think of so reading and writing are useful in Money-making in the management of a household in the acquisition of knowledge in the political life and drawing is useful for a more Correctment judgment of the works of artists and gymnastics is useful because it gives health and strength and courage and so forth But music doesn't seem to do any of those things What remains is the idea that the use of music for intellectual enjoyment of in leisure Which is in fact evidently the reason for its introduction This being one of the ways in which it is thought that a freeman should pass his leisure So it was originally introduced in order to make sure that leisure time was enjoyable and Was credibly enjoyable engaged in something that is Intellectually stimulating and is therefore evident then he says that there is a sort of education in which parents should train their sons Not as being useful or necessary, but because it is liberal or noble So Aristotle actually removes in part he goes so far with this argument is to remove the idea that music is useful It's it's merely a final end and that that seems to be his account of the original idea Why it was introduced is only for the sake of its ends Now there are still outstanding issues like what kinds of musical education are there and which should be taught to whom And so Aristotle will pick these issues up again in chapter 5 Before then however in chapter 4 he discusses the purpose of gymnastic education So Aristotle holds that the body develops before the mind and therefore the body should be trained before the mind He recommends that boys should be trained in both gymnastics and wrestling and this is kind of a scheme for physical education He criticizes the Spartan educational system because quote they brutalize their children by laborious Exercises which they think will make them courageous and quote They treat this is the ultimate end of all education But Aristotle does not think education should be primarily directed at cultivating the specific virtue In fact, he thinks it should be aimed at cultivating other virtues more intellectual virtues Now he points out that even wild animals and savage barbarians It turns out can outdo even those who have been trained in the Spartan way at Brutality and courage understood in terms of that kind of violent activity and Aristotle Attributes the Spartan success not to the superiority of their educational system But to the fact that they trained systematically at war when their rivals did not Now in obsessively focusing on this kind of training Spartans in fact vulgarized their citizens and their children making them capable of engaging only In the kind of politics which is directly related to war The fact that they have rivals even in this area now at the time Aristotle's writing Shows the worthlessness of their overall education system Which does nothing to show them for example how to enjoy Leisure which is more an end of education and of the state than is war So Aristotle argues and warns against this kind of excessive gymnastic training and he Compares it to athletic training which involves severe dieting and painful toll Which he thinks can impair the growth of the body and he proves this by pointing to Olympic victors He says not more than two or three of them have gained a prize as boys and his men They're early training in severe gymnastic exercises Exhausted their constitutions can see a similar thing in people who complain about the over emphasis of athletics say in high schools Where not more than two of three of them are going to go on to become professional athletes, but the Intensive training may inhibit their Mental development in other ways and may exhaust their constitutions Aristotle oddly claims that physical and mental activity should occur in discreet periods of life Quote men ought not to labor at the same time with their minds and with their bodies for the two kinds of labor are opposed to one another The labor of the body impedes the mind and the labor of the mind the body Now turning from gymnastics then which he thinks has an important role, but should be strictly limited Now Aristotle turns to musical education. What is the purpose of musical education nowadays earlier? He discussed why it was originally introduced purely for this intellectual stimulation in leisure But he now says that it's not easy to determine the nature of music and why anyone should have a knowledge of it So here he considers three possible reasons why musical education might be cultivated one For amusement for the sake of amusement and relaxation like sleep or drinking which are not good in themselves But are pleasant so music would then be like sleeping drinking and dancing Which are pleasurable activities we engage in but really aren't their own ends second musical education could be for the sake of virtue and this he actually Describes as being for the sake of education so music Conduces to virtue on the grounds that it can form our minds and habituate us to true pleasures as our bodies are made to be Gymnastic to be of a certain character Music would thus be like gymnastics, but instead of improving the body it would improve the mind and the third Possibility which he distinguishes both from cultivation of virtue and from amusement He says it musical education could be for intellectual enjoyment of leisure and mental cultivation Now although Aristotle thinks that all three of these are in fact valid reasons to support musical education He thinks the first and third can be ruled out in the case of youth education the amusement factor can be ruled out because as he quite sternly says learning is no amusement, but is accompanied with pain and the idea of intellectual enjoyment can be ruled out because youths are too Imperfect with respect to their intellect and they can't attain the end of intellectual enjoyment yet so the answer of why introduce musical education into primary Education nowadays seems to be that it should be cultivated for the sake of virtue But if it is just being cultivated for the sake of virtue why teach musical performance and not just musical appreciation This is the next subject that Aristotle Takes up why should children be taught to perform like singing and playing instruments instead of just Hearing others play music Aristotle mentions that persians and medians are educated in musical Appreciation by listening to others perform Similarly the Spartans without learning music nevertheless claimed to be able to correctly judge as they say good and bad melodies The problem is that musical performance is dangerously close to manual labor For this reason the gods like Zeus are never depicted as Singing or playing the lyre professional musicians are considered Aristotle and people of his class to be vulgar and Aristotle says that quote no freemen would play or sing unless he were intoxicated or ingest So the answer to this problem Why should we teach musical performance? Can't we get these virtuous benefits of music by just teaching people how to appreciate music without getting their hands dirty actually Playing or singing themselves The answer to this will come after an account of how musical training serves the ends of amusement and intellectual enjoyment as well as education i.e. inculcation of virtue So music amusement pleasure and intellectual enjoyment Aristotle says that amusement is for the sake of relaxation and Relaxation is of necessity sweet for it is the remedy of pain caused by toil and intellectual enjoyment is Universally acknowledged to contain an element not only of the noble but of the pleasant for happiness is made up of both and all agree the music is one of the most pleasant things This is why it is present in social gatherings and entertainments because it makes the hearts of men glad So on this ground alone Aristotle says we may assume that the youth ought to be trained in music For innocent pleasures are not only in harmony with the perfect end of life But they also provide relaxation and whereas men rarely attain the end But often rest by the way and amuse themselves not only with a view to a further end But also for the pleasure's sake it may be well at times to let them find a refreshment in music But Aristotle next warns against taking this kind of amusement as the final end And he says some people get confused about this and think that all I need to do is Promote a kind of lifestyle so that I can have as much amusement as possible. He doesn't think that's right He doesn't think that's virtuous. He doesn't think that results in the good life But he does concede that this Amusement enjoyment and pleasure especially in intellectual kind of pleasure taken in the appreciation of music is worthwhile And and the citizen should be educated for it The more important reason is the effect of music on character in virtue The fact that music produces pleasure for all indicates that it has a kind of natural effect Quote the pleasure given by music is natural and therefore adapted to all ages and Characters end of quote this suggests to Aristotle that music might have some Influence over the character and the soul because it's tied in with the natural aspects of the character and the soul in In fact, he says it must have such an influence if characters are affected by it And it's clear that they are affected by it that they are so affected is proved in many ways Not least by the power which the songs of Olympus exercise for beyond question They inspire enthusiasm and enthusiasm is an emotion of the ethical part of the soul So he's referring to a specific Musician Olympus whose compositions were widespread Plato and other people point out that they are capable of Inspiring and making people Enthusiastic and have this direct effect on the emotion of the soul We can think of the effects on Emotion of other kinds of music that we listen to for example jazz music or rap or something like that which affects our Emotions and our enthusiasm In generally says when men hear imitations even apart from the rhythms and tunes themselves They're feelings move in sympathy since then music is a pleasure and virtue consists in rejoicing and loving and hating a right There is clearly nothing which we are so much concerned to acquire and to cultivate as the power of forming right judgments and of taking Delight in good dispositions and noble actions So in this sense given that it has such an important effect on character and that's the main thing We're concerned about there's almost nothing that we're more concerned to discuss and This is because music has this power of imitation of Representing character and also accompanies other representations of character for example in dramas or in poetry And Aristotle says that rhythm and melody themselves Supply imitations of emotions like anger and gentleness But also courage and temperance and of all the qualities contrary to these and of the other qualities of character Which hardly falls short of the actual affections as we know from our own experience for in listening to such strains Our souls undergo a change So Aristotle argues that music can have a profound impact on character and thus virtue He says that even in mere melodies There's an imitation of character for the musical modes differ essentially from one another and those who hear them are differently affected by each Now this term mode musical mode we use the Latin term mode to translate the Greek term harmonia Literally harmony, but technically we are referring to a specific type of musical scale that has certain harmonic and melodic Characteristics the name of the music modes refer vaguely to regions from which they supposedly originate referring to Detailed treatments of the subject by philosophers writing about music Aristotle describe describes the affects of the various modes as follows the mixolydian He says makes men sad and grave the relax modes in feeble the mind the Dorian mode Produces a moderate and settled temper and the Phrygian mode inspires enthusiasm Aristotle says that similar principles apply to different kinds of rhythm Some of them have a character of rest others of motion and of these latter again Some have a more vulgar others a nobler movement and he concludes enough has been shown Has been said to show that music has a power of forming the character and should therefore be introduced into the education of the young But again the question Admitting that music should be introduced to the education of the young Should children be taught to sing and play so should the education be in performance or appreciation Well The reason to teach them to play is because it's difficult if not impossible for those who do not perform to be good judges Of the performance of others We conclude that they should be taught music in such a way as to become not only critics but also performers Now the responses to the objection that musical performance is a kind of manual labor And so practicing music will make the students vulgar Aristotle concedes that quote it is quite possible that certain methods of teaching and learning music do really do Have a degrading effect But two things he says can mitigate this danger First they can be taught to play when very young Just enough to gain the ability to appreciate and criticize musical playing of others But then relieved from practicing musical instruments or singing when they're older Quote the right measure will be attained if students of music stop short of the arts Which are practiced in professional contests and do not seek to acquire those fantastic marvels of execution Which are now the fashion in such contests and from these have passed into education end of quote The second way to counteract the vulgarizing effect of music Is to limit The kinds of music that are played so employing only the noble Melodies rhythms and instruments when training them to play as opposed to that so-called common part of music in which Aristotle says Every slave or child and even some animals find pleasure In particular Aristotle goes on to give a diatribe against employing flute playing in education Now the last major point to be discussed is the political use of these different kinds of music so Aristotle says Now we see that music is produced by melody and rhythm and we ought to know what influence these have respectively on Education and whether we should prefer excellence in melody or excellence in rhythm But as the subject has been very well treated by many musicians of the present day and also by Philosophers who have had considerable experience of musical education To these we would refer the more exact student of the subject We shall only speak of it now after the manner of the legislator stating the general principles So this is the politics of music. This is music in so far as it concerns the politician and the legislator Now for that person has to recognize the different modes Uh different kinds of harmony will be appropriate to different ends Again, we've already discussed many times that music has several possible benefits Education i.e. inculcating virtue enjoyment relaxation and recreation Aristotle also mentions here Pergation or catharsis, but he doesn't explain the term Instead he promises to explain it in another work called the poetics But although he employs the term there, he doesn't explain it Accordingly, this is one of the most controversial concepts in Aristotle's philosophy and specifically his aesthetics But here is what he says about the other effects of the modes first relaxed modes Such as the lidion should be employed Contrary to what play-doh says the fact that they produce gentler Melodies is useful for the enjoyment and relaxation of the elderly But Aristotle also says that such relaxed modes could be useful For entertaining the working class So he says that there should quote be contests and exhibitions instituted for the relaxation Of even a vulgar crowd composed of mechanics laborers and the like Now because their minds are perverted from the natural state They enjoy what he calls perverted modes and highly strong and unnaturally colored melodies unquote in general Uh the those who are in the process of being educated and those who are already educated should avoid both performing and listening to such music, but it still has its purposes within the city Now the so-called modes of passion may be admitted when we're listening to the performance of others The uh These refer to modes that have strong effects on those souls who are prone to strong feelings like pity or fear And they affect them like the way sacred melodies affect people they throw into religious frenzy Who Aristotle says are thus quote restored as though they had found healing and purgation Such people can have their emotions purged by listening to music in such modes So that their souls are lightened and delighted And the modes affecting them are thus sometimes called purgative melodies which give an innocent Pleasure not just to people who are especially emotional, but to all of mankind Finally the modes of action or ethical modes are what should be employed in education That is in the inculcation of virtue So Aristotle criticizes Plato for allowing only the Phrygian mode Arguing that in fact the Phrygian mode is not a really an ethical mode, but more of a passionate mode He prefers the Dorian mode Saying quote whereas we say that the extreme should be avoided in the mean followed And whereas the Dorian is a mean between the other modes it is evident that our youth should be taught the Dorian music So this is a lot like the way we still Prescribe and prescribe what kinds of music the youth should listen to Because we think that it has an impact on their education and in fact on their souls and character So that's all Aristotle says about education in book eight It's not clear whether book eight is complete and thus whether the politics itself is complete One may have expected more discussion of education for example more on reading writing and drawing Or on the other areas of training or education whether required by the state Or even by philosophy What does Aristotle think of what we would call higher education for example? Here i'll just make a couple of brief comments by way of conclusion First it's clear from book seven chapter two in many other texts that Aristotle thinks the state should support such philosophical activity As an end of the state perhaps is the ultimate and highest end certainly the end of the best state And the institutions of the best state which are discussed in book seven to eight Are all structured in order to bring it about that philosophical activity and even a philosophical way of life is possible At least for a few wise men The other virtues such as courage and temperance and even other intellectual virtues are available to all of the citizens And the other benefits of civic and political life are available to all the other inhabitants of the city or the state But in what remains the politics Aristotle does not discuss How direct or indirect the state support for or intervention in philosophical activity should be Aristotle does not discuss higher education for example in mathematics natural science or philosophy generally He doesn't even discuss education in ethics and politics So that it's not clear exactly how other than by employing certain musical modes the citizens are to be inculcated with courage temperance and justice Now there's some irony here because works like the nicomachian ethics and the politics are themselves apparently artifacts of some kind of higher education and philosophy Something like a record of Aristotle's lectures on the topic Perhaps his own notes or the notes of one of his students or of some group of students It's possible that Aristotle imagined that philosophical schools would be entirely private concerns Plato's academy after all was not a public institution Even though the republic calls for revolutionarily public higher education So Aristotle might have thought that that kind of education is not a subject of politics It's not something relevant to the common good of the entire political community But it is the end of those political communities in the sense that He wants to bring about a situation where at least some people can engage in that kind of philosophical activity Even apart from other political institutions and still be happy. That's what happens in his best state


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That writing a book is a whole lot easier to talk it into an audio file and have somebody type it out than it is for them to type it out. So there's a lot of jobs for this. And like I say, if you go to a website like rev.com, you can weed through those jobs, pick the ones you want, start making money instantly. Number five is teaching English online. English is probably one of the most widely used languages in the world. Now I've traveled to a whole bunch of different countries at this point, but what I've noticed in a lot of these countries is that almost every country will have their language and then they'll also have an English translation of that. For street signs, for restaurants, for menus, it's all over the world. So if you're an English speaker and I'm only speaking to people out here who are native English or who are fluent in English, you can make money translating almost any language into English or teaching English to individuals. They need to learn English to really get by and be able to do business nowadays. You know, I've been in Mexico and I've been in Asia and all of these countries seem to have signs that are also in English. So that tells you right there there's a big need for it. There's a big need for people to learn English. So if you're an English speaker, you're a native speaker and you can teach people English and you're good at it, you can make a lot of money just teaching English. Now you can go to sites like vipkid.com or just Google companies hiring to teach English and you could probably get a job pretty quick doing that. Number six, which brings me to my next one, is just an online tutor. You know, what do you have talents in? You know, do you have talents in teaching people math? Do you have talents in teaching people history? Do you have talents in teaching people languages? Like I just said, you could be an online tutor at a lot of these different sites and teach a wealth of different information. Now, dependent upon, you know, what your knowledge bank is, like if you're really good at teaching Magento programming, that's a pretty high level thing and you can charge maybe $50 or $100 an hour for something like that. If you're teaching math, you know, a lot of people know math, okay? Let's face it, a lot of people know math. So you may only make $10 or $15 an hour. Now if you're not good at some of the high level things, here's what you can do. You ready? Get good at them. Get good at them. Watch some videos on YouTube. Take a course on one of these sites. Take one of my courses, get good at SEO, get good at making websites. I've literally got videos on my channel right now that can show you how to make a website in under 30 minutes. You can make a website. So if you wanna, you know, get good at stuff like that, you can do it. It's easy to learn this stuff. Knowledge is just out there for everybody now, but people will still pay you to teach them one-on-one how to do these things. I know I do some coaching. I don't do much anymore because I wanna put my time into other things like this channel, like helping you out. But I charged a lot of money to do coaching and I started out at $500 an hour and ended up at like $2,000 for an hour. So that's a lot of money to charge somebody.  However, there's a lot of people out there that will pay you $500 or $1,000 or $1,500 a month. I figured that out real quick. I also figured out that I didn't wanna necessarily spend all my time with these people. However, it's there if you wanna earn money doing that. Number seven, customer service representative. If you don't wanna do anything but just help with customer service, you can make money doing it. Some of the top companies in the United States just need customer service people, especially with COVID, they don't necessarily wanna bring you in the office. They don't wanna pay for a desk. They don't wanna pay for phones. They don't wanna pay for any of that. They just wanna pay you per hour. Some of the companies that are hiring are Hilton. You could go to hilton.com and you could look through their site. You could find jobs. I know they pay between $10 and $21 an hour for customer service. And it's funny to me because so many times now I'll call a doctor's office, dentist's office, tech support or whatever. And I can hear a kid in the background or a dog barking or whatever. And I'll say, are you working from home? They're like, oh yeah, yeah, yeah. I do work from home. And that is just the thing now. Everybody's working from home. You certainly don't need customer service people in the office anymore. It's just not necessary. Other places that are hiring are Apple. Apple is paying anywhere from $13 to $19 an hour. The last time I checked, it's probably higher than that now. Also, Amazon is also hiring. It's anywhere from $11 to $18 an hour. So there's a lot of companies out there that just need customer service people to answer the phones. And you could pick your hours. You can decide.  You pick your times. You pick your time zones.  You can also look on job boards like Flex Jobs. You can look at Indeed.com. You can look at Upwork.com. If you wanna do customer service, type in customer service jobs and you're gonna find a ton of them there. Now, if you're gonna use one of these job sites, I will tell you, check out the reviews of the person that's hiring. Make sure they're treating the people right. Make sure they're paying on time. Make sure they don't complain a lot. I mean, who wants to work for those people? You just don't, right? So check out all that stuff there. I would recommend you only putting in about five to 10 proposals at a time because if you get the jobs, then of course you've got to not take the other jobs that are coming in. So if you put in like 40 or 50 proposals and all of those come in, they wanna hire you, you're gonna look bad if you turn them down. You don't wanna do that. So you wanna start off slow, five to 10 in the beginning. If you live inside the US, make sure you check the boxes. It says US only if you're on Upwork, something like that. Some people just wanna hire US employees or Canadian employees or UK or whatever it is, whatever your nationality is. People in Mexico maybe wanna hire people from Mexico, India, people from India. But the point is, get that targeted enough and don't overwhelm yourself with jobs because if you take on more than you can do and you don't do a good job and you get bad ratings, it's gonna hurt your chances of getting any more jobs on that site. Now what you can do if you're applying for your very first jobs, especially if it's customer service, you may tell them that hey, I'll work the first week for free. I won't charge you anything, just to prove what I can do.  I'm just gonna wait until the good jobs come along. The problem with doing that is it's gonna take you longer to get started. If you do some free work in the beginning or very reduced rate work in the beginning, you'll get some early reviews. If you get early reviews and they're good, you're gonna get jobs that much faster that pay even more. So what you're doing is really investing your time in the beginning to build up your portfolio so you can make more money. That's what it's all about, right? Okay, so those are some ways you can make money online. They're simple, they're easy to do, and all you gotta do is get started. If you wanna make more money, of course, increase your skills, learn more things, watch more videos. I've got a ton of videos on this channel, over 600 that you could actually watch and learn how to make more money online. If you wanna learn more about making money online, I've got a course, it's a $97 course. It's below in the description. All you have to do is click and learn, simple and easy, no credit card required. I really appreciate you watching this video. Don't forget to hit that subscribe button down there and don't forget, turn on bell notifications, right? Turn on all bell notifications because when you do, I can notify you every single time I do a new video and if I go live, I can notify you then and we can actually talk live, which is pretty cool. Don't forget to comment below if you have any questions about any of this. If you've had some success doing some of these things or some failures, make sure you share that with us so that everybody can benefit. I really appreciate you listening to this video and if you really wanna blow up your business and do really well online and make a bunch of money, check out this video right here. It's pretty cool, I think you'll like it. Thanks for watching and I'll see you in the next video.


Thank you for your interest in this talk. My name is Torsizio. I'm a knowledge representation manager at the Swiss Institute of Bifematics. CIB is a federation of bifematic research and service groups. I would like today to talk about how to boost your research with CIB semantic web of data on behalf of the CIB RDF group members. First I will give you an overview about the CIB databases, but the target audience of this talk are biologists and bifematicians. Here you can see actually a non-exhaustive list of the CIB database. They contain knowledge that spends several domains in life science, such as gene expression, protein, protein-protein interactions, metabolic networks. In the past years under the umbrella of CIB these resources have been working together to improve their interoperability at different levels, from cross-reference among resources to semantic search over them. Then during this collaboration between these different groups at the Swiss Institute of Bifematics we came from data silos for semantic web of data, especially the advanced semantic search is thanks to the fact that this database built and maintained a highly interlinked semantic web of data infrastructure actually. For example in the past these databases could only be carried individually if the user wanted to to answer research questions that needed more than one resource, like for example here in this illustration a question that would require like a BG, RIA, and Unicrot database but maybe also WIC data, it would require to carry them individually each database and for and then manually aggregate or combine these data from these multiple sources actually. This can be like a fastidious work and alternatively maybe to automate it, a Bifematician could call some script but with the higher cost of developing it and maybe it's not necessary would be straightforward or possible. Now with this semantic web of data of Sib it's possible for the user from one database such as here like Unicrot to carry not only its data but also the data of others Sib database including external ones such as WIC data and actually by doing that it results in integrated data retrieval from multiple data sources to answer a given questions of query of the user. For instance if we want to combine Unicrot and WIC data to answer this question what are the positions of the EPP gene in the human genome knowing that this gene is cause can cause a form of Alzheimer's disease, this information comes from Unicrot and to know the position in a given in the human genome we do require for example to carry to combine it and carry WIC data resulting in knowing that these genes is located in the 21 chromosome but also the exact position in different genome assemblies as you can see here in the table. Then now I will give you a technical overview how we federate these Sib databases in more details. Then what I have done to implement this semantic web of data at the system of mathematics is was to make them respect the same language to be able to carry those different database with the same technical query language and the query language chose was Sparkle. For that purpose what we have done it was each individual Sib database have developed their own Sparkle endpoint. What's a Sparkle endpoint? It's a point of presence on the web that's capable of receiving processing Sparkle protocol requests. Then by doing that we are able to carry the data of these multiple databases with the same exactly the same query language. Then currently we have the 12 Sparkle endpoints as you can also check more information about them at the Xpazee website. Here I provide you a list of the different web address of the Sparkle endpoints of Sib. Those links are available in the description of the YouTube video. Here you can find detailed information about the different documentations and tutorials of each Sib Sparkle endpoint that can be used as a source of information to know how to carry the different Sparkle endpoints but also how to build queries across those different resources. We also provide several examples of federated queries that are the queries that goes across several resources. These links are available in the YouTube description as well of this video. As final remarks I would like to invite you to check our latest published article in the Nucleic Ask the Research Journal entitled the Sibs with Tutorial by Informatics and Medical Web of Data. As a future work that actually we started working on it to give you a hint is that we are developing the Xpazee.org chat tip like searching team over those Sib Sparkle endpoints. It means that the user won't need to know how to write Sparkle queries to be able to answer the questions and retrieve the data that they are looking for from these different databases. Thank you very much for your attention. If you have any questions please feel free to contact us and our e-mail us. Thank you.


Okay. Hello, everyone. Welcome to the Blazar project update. My name is Pierre Rito. I'm the PTL of Blazar for the Stein cycle and There will also be other speakers. We have Masaito Moroi who was the PTL since the Ocata cycle and Tetsuo Nakamura and Bertrand Souville were both involved in the project So first Masaito will present the Blazar project Thanks Pierre. So I'm Masaito Moroi. I was running the PTL for Blazar project from Ocata to Rocky So first of all, I want to introduce what is Blazar project. So Blazar project is a reservation as a service in the OpenStack community Blazar project is created in 20,013 years under the name climate But it was inactive between the kilo or riveted to the pike cycle But we revived this project at Barcelona summit in 2016 and We became the official project since last year September from it's actually the Queen's Recycle and the Blazar project now supports reservation of computer resources currently two types whole host reservation or instance reservation in your crowd and This guaranteed resource availability for our future event as you want and The specific or the well known use case for the Blazar project is There is two use case first one is telecom NFV like OP NFV promise project and Another is large-scale experimental test bet like a in Camerion Camerion project And now we have a 10 10 active contributors in the rocky cycles And so we have a bit We are active projects in OpenStack in OpenStack communities And then this is how does Blazar works in your terminals So first one is a host reservation as I introduce the first one So really the host reservation reserve a number of hosts for the time period of risk like with with Blazar command if you If you type with a Blazar command physical reservation like a mean number of your Number of hosts you want to reserve like a mean to marks for and then Blazar returns reservation IDs Then blazar ensures that the project gets exclusive Access to these hosts related to the reservation ID and then when you launch your Instances in the time period the only you are only your instances Attached to the reservation ID is scheduled on the reserved hosts like this command and Next one another one is instance reservation in instance reservation you can reserve a number of instances with specific flavor size like this with Blazar command reservation and the vcpu numbers and number of Memory megabyte this gigabyte and how many you want to reserve in this size of flavor instances and then the Blazar returns flavor ID to users and In during the reservation time period you can use this flavor to launch instances and Then the Blazar ensure your flavor is Is not your flavor, but your instances with this flavor is rounded rounded and anywhere in Opens you are open-circuit without no valid host error And now this is the instance reservation only affinity Affinity and to affinity is supported for now because of some consulate in the current implementations, but we have now to get rid of this this list Consulate to in the stand shine or T cycle And this is a project of this session So I want to introduce you that the main features in now open-circuit rocky cycles There are five main features first one is a is for user features This is for the exit support for computer resource reservation Before the rocky release we you can't specify the exit name that you won't Aware you want to reserve compute host over the instances will be Reserved but from rocky cycle you can reserve you can specify is it name or is it? yeah, is it name and For we have two operators New features in the rocky cycle first one is a time margin for cleaning up free sources between reservations It's usually expect use for ironic support or some big big instances like blazer ensure that each user's to create their own Instances stick to the reservation blazer Remove or delete instances, which are when finished users reservations but in some of cases the instances No, sorry the Nova has a time to delete Instances so operator can specify 10 minutes or a few the number of minutes to have a margin between the each reservations and Second one is a periodic healing for resource monitoring the blazer project has ability to react the failure of compute host to reschedule the reservation on the Risk risk schedule of the reservation related to these failed host but before rocky cycle blazer blazer calculate whole Reservation related to the Host like if the host Goes down blazer recalculate from the reservation from now to the nine nine thousand nine nine hundred 99 years, but now blazer can blazer can handle these these problems like blazer only calculates one one days ahead what one week ahead something like that and Another the other new worthy development is to blazer fixed the some API response codes in rocky cycle because some of API response code was not Reasonable for every reason of the failure, but we We fixed these problems and of course we Yeah, and second wise they've stopped support in the blazer dashboard. So when you test The blazer project in your local you can easily test this feature from CLI as well as Dashboard with meaning horizon So next is our plan for the shine cycle So let's switch to the pf. Thank you. My say it up So for the Stein release, we are working on both user and operator features So for users, we are prototyping network reservation. So we are planning to offer users the capability to reserve things resources that are in limited supply such as floating IPs or Villain segmentation IDs or vx land for that matter We are also working on open stack client support at the moment. You have to use the Python blazer clients. We will you cannot use the open stack Unified Client and We'll also have a new API That's we call reservation candidate API and that will allow users to discover when resources are available for their reservations at the moment they have to try various parameters to find when reservations are available and for the operators we have a new API which we call the resource allocation API and This will allow them to monitor. What is the status of the reservations on their cloud? Which nodes are being reserved and which are free and we're also working with integration with the placement API and This will allow us to remove some of the limitations that we have currently in blazer and Make the scheduling more efficient Beyonstein we have lots of features planned as well. So as we move towards more production deployments We want to have support for high availability Integration with Nova Kotas is quite important as well at the moment blazer doesn't Integrate with them and so a user might be able to reserve more resources and they actually can use from the Nova Kotas point of view Compatibility compatibility with Aaronic is quite critical for some of the deployments that we have So we are planning to solve this as well Preemptible instances is something that's been actively developed in open stack for a while and it's a very good use case for blazer because The only reserve resources are kept idle and we would like to run preemptible instances on them and finally the Network resource reservation that we prototyping in the stein cycle We would like to make this production ready beyond stein in the tree to release and also work with the Cinder project to allow reservations of volumes and with other open stack projects as well so now Tetsuo will talk about our work with the placement API Hi, I'm Tetsuo. I am working on both blazer and placement project and Blazer is in stein's release blazer is going to talk to placement project directory and blazer resistors reservation resources to placement and Nova will refer the reservation reservation resource class when Nova wants to deploy virtual machines and by Using placement we want to enable several things that this Blazer will no longer depend on specific number filters such as these three filters and the important thing here is we We will support a reserving multiple instances on the same set same host Intentionally that means we will support Affinity policy is true and we are targeting these features in stein's release and We want to use placement for host reservation to Be on the tea release cycle and we will and then we will no longer depend on blazer filter Okay, that's that's all from Cross project work topic. Let me switch to patron Thanks, Tetsuo. So if your user Interested in trying or even intending to use blazer There are plenty ways to do it and starting from this week So we recommend you to attend the forum sessions. So tomorrow we will discuss about extending blazer reservations So to new resource types like networking and storage So this will happen tomorrow and Pierre the current Blazer ptl will be the moderator on First day as you may know There are several projects right now that are planning to consume the placement API like cyborg like neutron besides blazer and Nova and Tetsuo will moderate this session and we will discuss whether it makes sense to have a common Python library to consume placement API Of course, we also welcome you to attend our weekly meetings that is held on Tuesday At 9 a.m. UTC on OpenStack meeting art RC channel Oh, of course, you can also always talk to us directly on three notes And what is also quite important, especially if you are a user Please do not hesitate if you find any issues to report bergs directly on the blazer Also quite important, of course, we are welcoming also new upstream developers So first thing that you would need to do is of course to read our contributors guide. You have the link here But also if you have some Python coding skills, it's always good to have more eyes on The actual patches. So if you can help with cold review or even help to fix actually some bugs so Helping with bug triage or even improving the dogs and Improving the test coverage, of course, you're much welcome And as I said, please talk to us either this week or later online on RC or doing our Online meetings on Tuesday So once again, thanks all for coming and we have a few minutes. I guess for Q&A Yeah, so when I was saying Nova Kotas, I meant Kotas applying to instances, you know, however they implemented So it will make sense, of course to use the more modern approach, which is the unified Kotas U.S. markets and we have very often a problem to integrate a new project from OpenStack because there's no comparison to market typically other services. It's a plan that you also integrate in your Support and helping things that you make market comparisons or learning comparisons. So the typical customers will be having a more than one cloud ecosystem Public or private, VMware or AWS, they have a completely different wording to OpenStack So simple scale scenario from Functions to Service. Everybody name is Functions and we in the OpenStack Foundation We name it MeteorSore. It's a complete visit plan here in this project lesson to make a market Merlin learning that also other companies which are actually using Services from other clouds that we can invite them to participate So reservation is quite unique actually in lots of public clouds. You don't reserve resources in advance because they make sure that they have enough to run their own demand. Are you talking about what they call reserve instances? Because I'm aware that in AWS, for example, you can buy an instance for a year or several years but the service provided by Blazare is a bit different because you reserve only for specific period of time that you actually specify. That's a good point. We have to map to the existing platforms which are there. It's fine that we start every project new but when we take every time new wordings or things for context there is a learning place on the market. Then it is really hard to explain a customer. Yeah. A simple example, Volkswagen Group. We can switch they mostly away from AWS when we have it's one of my main customers. And I know that very often they decide it's versus OpenStack because they don't understand with some reservation service that all the reservation service is existing on OpenStack. Because the assertion is learning what they are knowing. It's only a question when you say no and I will place the target on the demand for it. Because this is a problem that we have in every project. If you are looking for something in OpenStack or this could also be done in some other projects. The PTIFD Promise Project which is very much related to this work. So such a mapping before the first approach right there. I understand your concern is a lot about terminology. There is different communities. Yeah. It was very much a cause I know in some projects for example NOVA. They make this mapping. And it helps extremely when first of my architecture and my evangelism team which is located worldwide in more than 40 regions when we talk to customers. Because everybody from a technical side has a preferred platform. It depends on where it's coming from. And when we want to have for example a server more successful then we have to make this mapping. It's an initial work. It's nothing what you have to do 10 hours per week. It's only one time. Thanks for the suggestion. I mean we look into it. What I can say is I think it's quite unique among the cloud ecosystem. So there might not be anything in the main public clouds that look like it. I think we have to stop here unless there is another question. Thanks everyone.


Hello and welcome to the session. The question says, write the negations of the following statements. One of the techniques to deepen the understanding of the mathematical statement is denial of the statement. This technique is to ask not only what it means to say that a given statement is true, but also what it would mean to say that the given statement is not true. In this question we shall write the negation of the statement by using the phrases like, it is not the case or it is false or just writing not or sometimes negation of a statement is found by removing not from the statement. So the concept of negation of a statement is the denial of a statement is called the negation of a statement. So this is the key idea we are going to use in this problem to solve it. The first one is Chennai is the capital of Tamil Nadu. So its negation is Chennai is not the capital of Tamil Nadu. So this completes the first part. Now let's proceed on to the second part. It says root 2 is not a complex number. The negation of this statement will be root 2 is a complex number. We have removed not from the statement. Now let's move on to the third part. It says all triangles are not equilateral triangles. Now the negation of this statement will be all triangles equilateral triangles. So this completes the third part. And now proceeding on to the fourth part which says the number 2 is greater than 7. Now the negation of this statement is the number 2 is not greater than 7. And now moving on to the last part which says every natural number is an integer. The negation of this statement will be every natural number is not an integer. So this completes the last part also. Hope you have understood it. Take care and have a good day.


There we go clutch kick on the brake try not to overthrow this one For all your energy innovation product needs make sure you check out drive energy comm that's DRI VE energy comm What's up everybody welcome back to the channel? I'm evil rabbit here. I'm forza motorsports 7 We are staring down at RX 7 FC and the reason we are staring down an FC Is because recently I got a message from a subscriber on Instagram and on to the YouTube channel ESRC treks he Started to ask me questions about my wheel setup and settings and such because he has just recently got on to a wheel and he asked me about some tuning settings and I told him that I would try and build him a tune for one of his favorite cars the FC with a stock motor So we're here today to build this drift car on the FC We're gonna go full wide body. We're gonna build a drift car tune it up and See if we can't get it to slide nice and consistently so that he can get this car and Get sideways and see if he can get more seat time in and get more stable on a wheel So we are gonna build this car up He's also on a factory wheel size So we are going to switch back and forth between my energy and my factory wheel Just to make sure that it handles well on a factory wheel so we're just gonna get right into this and we are gonna go to the upgrade shop and the first thing we are gonna throw on of course is that wide body because It looks sweet in this wide body. We are gonna leave the factory motor in And we're gonna leave the drivetrain as such. I Don't think we're gonna do that.  So then we are gonna rock Street tires on this car because I'm not sure what the power band is gonna be on this car yet We're gonna increase the tires a little bit And we're gonna increase the route 265 so so why We may not run that wide of tires more than again, we may Looking for I think we're probably gonna run some 15 52s on this car 15 52 twists Like we'll run these for right now can always change those up Any given time we are gonna bump up 17s. We're not gonna go higher than a 17 And then we get into the nitty-gritty of basically upgrading everything else that a normal drift car would have And then we're gonna get into the tuning of this car and go send it We're probably gonna go to Dubai because Dubai is a very good up down flat Basically a very good section of a lot of really good differences in terrain Are gonna throw it down on that We are not gonna put sway bars in the car because I Found a softer suspension setup is a lot nicer when rocking a wheel And we're just gonna drop it down Not super light And now let's see what type of power we can get I've actually never done a stock Fc, so I'm curious exactly how much power we'll get out of this car Couldn't imagine it being More than 500 I think and I could be wrong we could be upwards of 500 throw that rotary 507 520 I Think 520 or 534 is actually a very decent number to be are gonna keep those 265s on there To keep them grip, but we're gonna keep the sport tires on for right now. So we're done doing that I think we're just gonna go paint the wheels and then we're gonna hit to the track get the stink tuned up and Go from there time to get into the tuning of this for right now We're gonna run a basic tune, and then we will tweak it from there I'm not sure How I'm gonna want to change that up But we are gonna go up to three and one And we'll probably do one three Five and we're gonna crank the caster up all the way like I said We're gonna run a basic tune on this to start see how it handles and adjust from there And then see what we can do On a factory wheel size with the car and see if we have to modify The setting a little bit differently for save that because he is running a factory wheel size at the moment Throw in them tandem brakes, and that's that we're gonna save that up And Yeah, that FC looks so nice just sitting there All right, so we are gonna get on to the track with this basic tune We got to get our wheel cam set up. We got to get our energy wheel put on for right now With our AMC is Kirkely's and I believe that is too tight. There we go. I was spinning it while I was waiting Realize that spun it too much All right, we are rocking the sequential gearbox and the hydraulic cam brake and everything all the rotary It's been a while since I've drifted a rotary show We're gonna see how this goes We're just gonna go full send right away. I didn't think it was gonna have power to do that turn, but go it in handle that bump and Actually There may not be much modification we need for this This was my go-to car in other forza's For drifting I do like the sound of the rotary for sure Clutch kick on the brake try not to overthrow this one This is actually a very nice handling car right now. I think it's how we just shred that entire uphill section. Oh I mean We don't really need the points, but I'm actually very impressed with how this car handles right now there's not much Like wavering in my steering when I'm encountering kind of gets to place and stays there See if we can link this Just a tap on the wall little wall scrape. We're good though. Oh my gosh, I think we actually Found a Good basic setting for this car. I missed my shifter. I went to go grab it completely missed the shifter. I think They may think I may have found a new fun little car to rip around Now we're gonna have to switch it to the other wheel to make sure that It is able to Throw with the other wheel though. We're gonna hit that. I don't think we're gonna be able to hold that that long but I do love the sound of this car That's gonna be a hard hit. Oh We are gonna switch our wheel up though to make sure Grab the little logitech wheel Snap it back on Just the feeling my hand is so different But I still think it will be good and we should be able to send this thing pretty well That was too much. Oh Don't wreck Don't wreck the car before We actually get a good test on it so this car handles very well and I can't see that you have to be a little bit smoother You can't just snap the angle like you can with the energy wheel because there's not much weight to throw around with this wheel so But the tune seems pretty Pretty good for it. I think we're good even on the factory logitech wheel Oh So for that, I think the the side bites pretty good. I don't think there's gonna be much Snap back over steer. I think we need to make a little bit of adjustment But otherwise I think this car is quite good and It handles pretty well on the small logitech wheel too clutch pop. There we go and we're still in angle though I feathered out there, but So this FC Definitely handling Dubai like a champ third and fourth and Yep, we just do that. We just like that a clutch kick so we don't lose it. Oh my gosh Yeah This car is ridiculous right now Just love this out of the angry bees. So I think We need to make a slight adjustment To the suspension but not much at all It's very stable. So I'm gonna definitely enjoying Building this tune on this car. This is a car that I've been wanting to get a tune for for a while and Trying it on the small wheel Definitely a lot different But it just goes to show you that you don't need a full-size rim to send it Here on fours of seven You've got your wheel settings right, which I've made a video on my wheel settings and how I have them set So as long as you got your wheel settings set up And you have a well-placed car that was almost that that sign said no little jump initiation We're gonna finish out this 26 seconds and then I think we're gonna head to another track because I'm having a lot of fun with this FC and I feel like we need to send this FC at another track Of course, we're gonna put the energy wheel back on just because more comfortable on that but Yep, I think we got a pretty dialed FC tune so far We're gonna throw the energy rim back on Here we go And then we'll see where fours of the size to take us next Indy circuit in the rain I we're definitely gonna try this car in the rain see how she goes in the rain and And They said we're gonna make one slight tweak. I think to the suspension If I can find my controller One slight tweak to the suspension and We will be good to go to the next track Brands hatch in the rain So we're gonna see how this thing handles in the rain to finish this episode off So if there's a tune that you guys want or a car you guys want to tune built for let me know Down in the comment section or hit me up on Instagram I'd have no problems making tunes or you're developing a tune for a specific car for drifting Whether it be for the wheels a controller not so much. I'm not a good on a controller anymore But for a wheel setup if you guys want a tune developed for a car on such Let me know down in the comment section or in Instagram. You can shoot me a direct message So we want to make quick adjustments To the suspension and that is just softened the front a little bit and That is actually all I want to do Don't want to mess with it too much because this car handles like I said very well So we're gonna see how it handles in the rain and Hopefully we have a very diverse tune for rain or dry Oh boy Definitely a huge difference in the rain, but the car is still manageable. I break that too much So it doesn't have as much front bite in the ranking as I would hope But there we go That I really feather the throttle though in the rain because we know how online dirt hoppers like to send rain circuits in on everybody so This car does get it in the rain so it is very good in the rain Throw a little first person. There we go. Oh boy. I Hit that puddle and thought I was gonna lose it completely So like I said if you guys have a car or a tune you guys want developed Maybe you want me to build you guys a tune. I do have a problem that I love drifting different cars. I don't normally drive I Have a lot of fun building this FC tune and I think I may have found a new favorite mess around car and now we're just testing it in the rain and it's It's holding its own Rain drifting definitely a lot different Aspects for sure too much Don't flip the car So I think that's gonna do it here for this episode here on for the board sport 7 building a subscriber a tune Guys like a team you guys want to see more where you guys have a tune that you guys want built Or maybe a tune you guys want me to try hit me up on Instagram direct message me on Instagram I will see what I can do for you guys So until next time guys, you know you guys can follow me on Instagram Facebook twitch and Twitter All of which are found in the description box below I Want to make a big thank you to subscriber for Suggesting this car for a tune because I'm having a lot of fun with this car and I'm definitely gonna be using this car a lot more in some online sessions Maybe we'll get online and get some tandems together. We'll be doing some open sessions here Very very shortly for the seven as well as horizon three So until next time guys, I thank you guys for watching if you guys are not a subscriber Click the subscribe button I do appreciate all the support as well as bell notifications if you want to be one of the first few to get the daily uploads I Do appreciate all the support like I said, I'm trying to get that thousand subscriber milestone I will be doing a big thing for subscribers. I do read that thousand subscribers mark in the near future So always stay tuned to the channel for uploads as well as Instagram for Notifications about the channel as well as everything else going on So until next time guys, I thank you guys for watching. I'm gonna try and send this last part Just a little grass drop.


everyone married espresso press design thank you for visiting sorry I'm late but I'll get to that in a second today is the stalking suffer Christmas bookmarks I'm gonna show you how I did my packaging and how to make a basic bookmark but I want you to I want to show you today that these can be any size any shape and the reason I'm late is my punch broke and I had to order a new punch an eighth hole punch but it gave me the chance to do one with for those of you that might not have an eighth hole punch and I picked up some different elastic at the Dollar Tree which surprisingly I found and I wanted to try it with a different size elastic that was a little flatter so my misfortune gave me an opportunity to come up with a size that's a little more what's the word uniform with a quarter inch hole hole punch that most of you might already have so what you're gonna need is your paper punches of course some elastic now my I have a bunch here that are already cut and when I first saw someone making these their length of their elastic was 14 and a half inches so I have some little marks here on my table that I could do these in a production line so to speak for the craft show maybe Sunday or Monday if I get time I'll do the Boho Beads bookmarks book thongs so what you're gonna need this is a perfect opportunity to get out your paper Christmas paper paper scraps that you might have had lying around from last year which I did and use that you can also use packaging and or you can use folder or you can just layer scrapbook paper for my packaging I use this little Debbie because it's almost four inches and the back is already white so I don't have to cover the back so I'm gonna do this in two parts this is just some Christmas junk mail wrapping paper Christmas cards anything you want to make these and they are gonna make a great little stocking stuffer I always do bookmarks because now that my daughter's older we have a rule in the house and it is four gifts something you want something you need something to wear something to read and what's in the stocking and always with something to read I make little different type bookmarks and they go with the books so if it was up to my husband he would have four books but okay I'm just gonna do the basic circle today and the basic packaging so that you can learn of course the packaging can be modified now it's best if you just keep a little template that makes things go faster so I'm just gonna do and you'll need your punches your circle if you're using a punch and I have been using my decorative three corner punches to make the corners on the packaging and some of these I did fancy corners so my whole punch is one and a half so I'm gonna do one with packaging here and give you a tip if you don't want to ruin your punch like I did try not to put packaging and two pieces of scrapbook paper because that's a little hard on your punches and it might not even get into like this one because it's too thick so if you're gonna use packaging keep at least one of your papers either wrapping paper or super thin flimsy card stock that way you'll have the best results so I guess I'll just do a Santa Claus which I know is thin do another Santa Claus let me get one where I can get his base right in the center on the front and I think this time I'll put line cones with those on the back wrapping paper you might have to put on a piece of coffee paper or card stock to on a piece of card stock to get it to punch so yeah I was wasn't happy I lost my punch and then I had to spend my money on something utilitarian who wants to do that not me so you're just gonna glue that up oh and you might want the gold pen metallic marker or something to rim your edges or you can just use ink or you can use acrylic paint so I'm just going to glue this up but it's set a moment I'll I cover my packaging front I think I'll just keep it matchy matchy and my packaging here is two by four and my ones for the craft show I covered with book page which I think looks is appropriate but again this is going to give you a chance to use your wrapping paper or whatever else maybe I will try wrapping paper turn it off a bit of press you can make a lot of these in a hurry that should stick so it's not going to matter if it's straight these go really fast and they're they're nice what they're nice for is what I heard people say they're nice for the beach or reading outdoors because it keeps your pages from blowing around you could also emboss this if you wanted I don't know why I have a lump in there but I do it's good okay I'm gonna rim this edge I think in gold and then I'll show you how I did just use the template to make the quick falls and that elastic doesn't have a millimeter on it the one from the Dollar Tree does have it's 10 millimeter you think there was about eight yards in a package I think I got one from Walmart and one from Hobby Lobby and both were pretty much I think they were identical as far as length is about I don't know $3 maybe and I got 11 bookmarks out of the package but I'm sure most of you so now I'm going to take my template I'm just gonna mark it with this so I can see it that way even when I did my punch I might get a little little bit of gold rim around there so this is what I mean this is this is probably how I ruined my punch was trying to punch through well I I certainly got my money out of it it was from Michaels but it really wasn't it was only about a year and a half old so there you go here's your two holes you're using your template and then you're going to put it through the front so that you don't obscure your design just thread it through you can not slide it to the end as far as you can give it a nice tight pull punch make some fancy corners here or not the punch the package my template line it up another little mark once again take my scissors and make a slit through there so you can keep your elastic nice and secure as most of these didn't bend but I don't know why some of them did then you just slip your bookmark in the hole give it a twist back down through the hole there you have your cute little package actually you might rim those edges silver to a mixture of silver and gold you can go all out as much as you want you can layer them you can use die cut shapes I don't I think I must dissolve my one that was a die cut I was gonna show you that but I don't have it so I think I did sell three so that's really it guys just remember to your paper thickness so you don't over text your punch can go to town as I said you can make any shape you can layer them I forgot my book you find a book here this on a book this one I just stapled for time sake which actually does work sorry but you could put a little paper scar band on there staple it or you could just take it to your sewing machine and stitch it up or do a little hand stitch that's what I might do for these ones so there you go beautiful stocking stuffers and use up all your Christmas scraps makes a great little great little gift use up all your scraps there's a fall one so there you go I love my little book tags and I love my packaging so okay I'll see you in a few minutes here for the junk journal I'm gonna remain silent here for a couple minutes and just cut this tape in half okay I'll see you in a minute