So, we will start the video lecture recap quiz, so consider the declaration int my encode int a int b which of the following are true, so there are 4 options, please go through the options carefully and indicate all that are correct, there could be more than one correct answers. Once again the same declaration int my encode int a int b, there are 4 options, read them carefully and indicate all that are correct, there could be more than one correct options. Keeping track of the flow of control in a program with functions can be best done using which of the following access mechanisms, which of the following is stored in the called stack of a running program, could be more than one correct options, which of the following are true about activation records, indicate all correct options, which of the following are true about call by value parameter passing. So, that is the end of the quiz, so let us quickly go through a recap of the next 3 video lectures based on which the quiz that you just gave was formulated, so these are about function calls and parameter passing, we will look at recursive functions on Friday, so we just covered 3 lectures in today's class, so these are some slides already from the video lectures shown here again, so that you know the ideas are fresh in your minds, so this is an overall program structure which uses functions, so there are 2 functions here, my encode and power, if a program has functions then you have to declare the functions and then you have also got to define the functions and for each function declaration, for each function definition it is good to give preconditions and post conditions, these are all covered in the video lectures nothing new that I am talking about and you could have main function calling my encode, for those who have seen video lectures they should ring a bell, we had a main function calling my encode and then my encode was calling power, so you could have a function calling another function which in turn is calling another function, so you know one of the things that I want to sort of emphasize here is that if you go back to our Dumbo model of computing, so when a function calls another function it is like Dumbo moving from one room to another room and when we say my encode is called from the function main, Dumbo was working in the main room and then Dumbo is being asked to move to the room called my encode and do whatever operations it has to do over there and after it finishes doing the operations there it has to come back to the main room and resume operations that it has there, so it is like you can think of the analogy as in the Dumbo model Dumbo is moving from one room to another room and in each room there is some computational task for Dumbo to perform, after it finishes the task it has to come back to wherever it came from and resume whatever it was doing, so the contract view of functions basically says that in order to use a function you need not exactly know what is inside the function as long as you know the preconditions and post conditions, so the preconditions are what the function expects you to respect before you invoke the function and the post condition is what the function will guarantee if you did respect the precondition before invoking the function, so really when I am trying to call a function I could ensure that the precondition is true before the invocation and what I will be guaranteed is that the post condition is true after the invocation assuming that the function is written correctly but all this is trying to say is that you need not know what is there inside a function if the function has been written correctly you need not know the details of how the function does a computation if you know what the function is doing and what it expects you to respect before you call a function, so it is like a contract between the calling function and the caller function, the caller function says you respect the precondition I will guarantee you the post condition, the calling function as long as it respects the precondition it does not need to know how the caller function is doing what it is doing it can get back results which satisfy the post condition, so this is actually very important when you are trying to develop large programs in this course later in the course you will be doing group projects, so several of you will be working together in a group you may have written a function which your friend might be using, so even if your friend does not understand exactly what goes on inside the function as long as you have implemented it correctly presented proper preconditions post conditions your friend can still use it all your friend needs to do is to respect the precondition before invoking your function and the guarantee that it gets is the post condition, so of course the responsibility is on you the writer of the function to ensure that the post condition is respected when the precondition is satisfied, but once that is done you can forget about what is there inside the function when you are using it, so this is the contract view of functions just again from the lecture slides and here is a little animation about the flow of control, so all of you must have seen it there is our running person over there and when it comes to a function call it needs to basically go to the appropriate function like Dumbo moving from one room to another room, but then it must remember something where it has to come back, so that's this little bookkeeping information and I have sort of put that here to keep track of the fact that that person must come back here and now he goes to this different room and then he starts running over there and encounters another function and once again this is asking the person to come to this room which is for calculating power, but then we have to remember where to come back, so that is some bookkeeping information and then once again starts running here and when I have to return from here that bookkeeping information tells me where to return, so I return back from this room to that room at exactly the place where I left, the bookkeeping information told us where to come back and then once again I call the function again, again I store this bookkeeping information where to come back to, go to the room for calculating power, finish that calculation and that bookkeeping information tells me where I should come back to and then continue from there and finally when I have to return from here then I have to come back from this room to this room because that is how I went from here to here and this tells me where I should come back to, so I can come back there and resume my execution and that's how the function goes. So activation records and call stack, so basically when a function calls another function and activation record for this function is created, so going back to our Dumbo model of computation and activation record is like the infrastructure needed for Dumbo to do some calculations, so it needs some chest of drawers, it needs some you know maybe some other benches, work benches or something, so when Dumbo goes from one room to the other room, when you make a function call and Dumbo goes from one room to the other room, once it reaches the other room it must lock up the door to the first room and it must do its calculations entirely in the second room that it reached, but in order to do its calculations there it needs some infrastructure there, it needs a chest of drawers there, it also needs to know that when it has finished its calculations which previous room it should come back to and once it comes back to this previous room where should it start continuing its execution and so on, so all of this infrastructure that Dumbo needs to carry on with its computation in the second room, you can think of that as the activation record, so an activation record is basically all that the computer would need to carry on its computation inside a particular function, so whenever a function is called which is like whenever Dumbo goes from one room to the other, we make available this infrastructure, we create a fresh activation record, inside the activation record what do we have? Remember Dumbo went from one room to the other room and the door to the first room is now locked, so if it wants to do any calculations there it cannot access the drawers in the first room, so if it wants to do some calculation it has to carry those values along with it in a bag or trolley whatever from the first room to the other room, store it in the drawers in the second room and then start its calculations there, so that is basically copying of function parameter values from the collies activation record, from the collars activation record to the collies activation record, so Dumbo is carrying the values with which it is supposed to do computation from the first room to the second room and then of course the program counter must be saved, so when Dumbo is going from one room to the other room it must remember which room it should come back to and in that room what is the last thing that it did so that it can once it comes back it can resume execution from after that, so that is the program counter and then there is some other bookkeeping information as you can understand when I am going from one room to the other room and I am required to come back to that room and resume execution exactly at the same place where I left, it is good if I remember some things as I am going from one to the other one room to the other room and then this is the activation record is pushed onto the stack, why do we push this in a stack, why do we use a stack because when I return from a room when I am done with the computation in a room when I return from a function I must know what is the last room I came from and I need to go back there, so basically I need to remember who was the last one that made a function call which is the last room I came from, so I need to store things one on top of the others as the last thing is accessed first and then the next thing is accessed and so on, so this is the last and first out access mechanism which is provided by the call stack, so this is the business of activation records, it's basically the infrastructure needed by Dumbo once it goes from one room to another room to do certain computation there and what happens when it returns it's like Dumbo is returning back from that room to the previous room so it must now free up everything that it used in that room it must remove all the labels of the drawers and everything and say that now I don't need that anymore, so basically that entire infrastructure which is the activation record is popped out from the stack and now it is coming back from one room to the previous room, so if there is a result that was computed there which you want to pass back to the previous room it must be carried from the drawer there, it must be copied from the drawer there to the drawer in the first room, so that is the copying of results when you have returned result that value which is present in a drawer in the room corresponding to the called function must be copied back to the appropriate drawer in the room corresponding to the function where you are returning and then the program counter was telling where to resume execution in the previous room so Dumbo looks at that and that is how it knows where to come back to and resume execution and then the activation record is freed which means that infrastructure you say I don't need it anymore it can be used for whatever purpose, so this is the business of activation record this is how function calls are actually managed within a computer and we can resume execution at the location given by the program counter, the program counter was saved when I went from one room to the other room and then when I am coming back I will use that program counter to figure out where to resume execution, okay then we had these two paradigms of parameter passing one is called by value the other is called by reference so what is called by value, called by value in this Dumbo model is like saying you open the drawers of the first room copy the values carry them along with you go to the next room put them in some drawers there then you lock up the door and start your computation, okay so the values are actually copied the parameters that you are passing from the calling function to the called function are actually copied from the activation record of the calling function to the activation record of the called function and the formal parameters of the called function or the callee are just like drawers over there you copied the values from the drawers of one room and put them in the drawers of the other room the formal parameters of the called function are just like local variables, just like any other drawers. And there, the drawers belonging to that room. So they're not to be confused with the drawers belonging to the other room.  So the drawers there will not be confused with the drawers here. But what this means is that once you do the computation in the second room, and you want to use that result of that computation, once you return to the first room, you actually have to explicitly pass that value back. So the only way that the collie can let the collars see the effects of its computation is by actually copying value from the drawer of that second room to the drawer of the first room when Dumbo returns from the second room to the first room. Is that clear? So this is called by value. Everything is copied. When you go from one room to the other room, you copy the values corresponding to the parameters from the drawers of the first room to the drawers of the second room. When you return, you copy the value corresponding to the result from the drawer of the second room to the drawer of the first room. Whereas call by reference, you know, a sort of additional enhancement on this where you're saying that you can go from the first room to the second room. But then if you passed a parameter by reference, it's like having a little window in the second room from which you can access only specific drawers in the first room. So when I pass a parameter M by reference, it's saying that well, when you come to this room where you're doing the computation corresponding to swap, you have a little window which allows you to access the drawer in the first room from where you came, the drawer corresponding to this parameter that was passed. So whenever I talk about M here, I'm really referring to A here, right? It is like a window saying that the name of this window is M, but really when I put my hand through this window and try to access a drawer, I'm actually accessing the drawer A, drawer labeled A in the first room. So, you know, call by reference is really saying that you now have some mechanism to access something in the first room. I mean, the doors are locked. You cannot go back and access all the drawers, but you have some way to access some of the drawers. And which are these drawers? These are exactly the drawers, the parameters that have been passed by reference. So that is call by reference parameter passing. So these are no longer drawers, no longer local variables in the second room. They're really windows to access drawers in the first room. So they are just references or aliases to the callers variables that were used to pass the parameters. And so as you can see that in this case, you do not need to have these two drawers named M and N in the room corresponding to SWAP because there are these two windows named M and N and when you put your hand through this window, you actually gain access to the drawers in the room named main. So good, now what we'll do is we'll start the discussion, we'll start the practice problems. So the way I'm going to do it is the first couple of problems are slightly of the easier type. So we will spend less time on that, okay? So I will show the problem, I'll explain the problem and then you will get, you know, around five minutes to solve the problem at the end of which we will collect some of the, I mean, you will discuss amongst yourselves and we'll collect some of the answers and show the answers, okay? We won't spend time on the problems. We'll try to spend some more time on the subsequent problems. So here is the first problem. So before you read that, let me just tell you all we are asking you to do is to calculate the square root of a double number, but I don't need the exact square root, I just need the integer part of the square root. So that is why this C plus plus function is called integer square root. It should take a double number and it should calculate its square root, but I don't need the exact square root, I just need the integer part of the square root. So if I give the number 5.3, the square root of 5.3 is 2. something. I don't care about that point something part. It's okay if I just get the answer 2, right? Similarly, if I call this function with 6.3, once again the square root of 6.3 is 2. something. I don't care about that something, point something part. I just need the answer 2, right? So we want to calculate the square root. That's basically the substance of this, but it's not the exact square root, it's just the integer part of the square root, okay? So now let's read the problem. So write a C plus plus function in square root that takes a non-negative double input as a parameter and it returns a double value. So really we are calculating an integer, but of course we can represent that integer as a double number also. Such that the fractional part of the result is always zero. As I said, I only care about the integer part, right? In square root of 5 should give me 2.0. In square root of 6 should also give me 2.0. In square root of 7 should give me 2.0. In square root 8 is 2.0, but in square root 9 should be 3.0. Okay? And in square root is always non-negative and this is just saying that the last line is just saying that I need the integer part of the square root. Okay? So here is a rough skeleton of how your function might look like, right? You can do some input validation here and here would be your code to compute the in square root. So once again, as I said, this is a fairly straightforward problem, nothing tricky here.  I want to find what is an integer i such that i squared is less than or equal to x, but i plus one squared is greater than x. So we just need to find this out. And then you need to return this number as a double. As Professor Supratik said, you have to essentially find the square root, but you need only the integer part of it. The conditions I have, suppose everybody remembers, you get a non-negative double input parameter and you have to return a double value. But the fractional part should be zero. The last condition is important. The value that you return should be such that it should be between square root of x and square root of x plus one. So whatever be the value of x, it will be a fractional value. Suppose the value that I give to you is 4.87. What should be the answer? Somebody said 2.2. The actual square root of this value will be obviously 2. something. But the answer required is an integer number. So you have to remove the fractional part of it. And why 2?  So the given number, its square root, is to be calculated, that part to be truncated. We don't need the fractional part. What will be the answer if the number given is 5.87? 5 is the square root. Square root of 5.87 with these conditions. It is still 2, because 2 square is 4 and 3 square is 9. So any value that is given between 4 and 9 will result in the answer 2, right? Please remember, less than equal to symbol here. And there is only less than on the other side. What would be the result if the value given is 16.432? 4, that is, this value is greater than equal to 4 square, but less than 5 square. So you don't need to find the exact square root, really. You need to find out that value of x, which satisfies x square less than equal to this, less than equal to x plus 1 square. That's all. All right, here we have multiple answers. Check if this will work. I start with i equal to 1.  Go back, check again this condition. Increment i, go back, check again this condition. So for example, if I have been given a value 16.341, then when i is equal to 4, 4 square will be less than this and 5 square will be greater than this. So what will happen? Increment i by 1. Next time this condition will not hold. So when I come back, what happens when i is equal to 1? This will not work precisely because I have multiple conditions here. All right, what happens if I remove this?  This is not equal to this. So when you come out, the value just prior to 5 is the value to be written. Notice that I need not check the second condition at all. This may not be very easy to decipher, but you can write this in more legible and understandable code, checking both the conditions if you wish. One important thing you have to remember is there is no unique way of representing the logic that you have in mind. But to test whether the program is functioning properly or not, particularly a function, remember the contract view. What has been stated here is essentially a contract view. And if you can state the pre-conditions and post-conditions, you can be fairly certain by checking your function, whether it meets those conditions or not, that it will work. Let's go to the next question. Each is a three-dimensional space. Finds which one of them is farthest from the origin and which is the nearest to the origin. All of them are familiar with three-dimensional coordinate geometry. So basically each point has three numbers describing its position. X, Y and Z. These are floating point values generally. The distance of the point X, Y, Z from the origin is simply the positive square root of X square plus Y square plus Z square. So there is a single value. Any value has two square roots. So the positive square root is the distance between origin and this point because distance between two points is like, as you know, X1 minus X2 whole square, Y1 minus Y2 whole square. But here one of the points is 0, 0, 0. So the distance from origin is simply this. You have to write a C program to solve the above program. But use the in-square-root function designed in practice problem. So that is we want to deal with only integer coordinates. You are given X, Y, Z values for three points. So extend the problem that you just solved some time ago where you found out an integer number which is closest to the square root of a given number. So you have X, Y, Z given for three points, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3. Each one of them will have a distance. So you can say D1, D2, D3 where D1 is X1 square plus Y1 square plus Z1 square root. D2 is exactly same thing for the second point. So you might actually represent D1S as D1 square, D2S as D2 square, D3S as D3 square. Find out the integer square root and find out which is the point which is nearest to the origin. How do I define nearest to the origin? Where the distance from origin is least? You have to find out the minimum of those. And you might have two points which are equidistant from origin. Which is okay to find any one of them. And you have to identify which of the three points. So this takes some writing. You have to write a program. What you can do is you can assume that the function in square root has been written already. And let's say it has been correctly coded. So you can use in square root function and invoke it in your program. Assuming that function has been written correctly. And assuming that we are interested in only the integer coordinates of the point. So you can use in square root function and invoke it in your program. Which will take the coordinates for the three given points. Use this in square root function and print the point or its coordinates which is closest to the origin. You have to find out basically the minimum amongst those three. This problem will require full 7-10 minutes to write a program. So you better write a good program. It's a typical quiz problem. Can be solved in about 5-7 minutes. Sometimes it may take 10 minutes.  And try it out. So we will say let's say 5 minutes of individual work. Because please remember you are being trained to write programs individually. Of course there is merit in discussions which we will have later. So initially please attempt this. As if you alone have to write this program. Three points are prescribed. There x, y, z coordinates have been given. You have to find out the point which is closest to the origin. For which you need to find out the square root of x square plus y square plus z square for each of the points. And the suggestion is assume that int square root function has been written properly. It returns the correct int square root. So like in the previous question like if you use the int square root function then square root of root 5 and root 6 and root 7 will be returned as 2 only. That's right. So how will we compare which is max and which is… No, so as far as the integer coordinates are concerned you will assume that all these points are at the same distance. It's like finding out the minimum of three numbers where two of them are same. And both are less than the third number. Then you don't have a unique minimum. There are two minimums. You can have three points in the three dimensional space. Each one of which is equidistant from origin. That is possible. But they are not actually equidistant. The distance is actually root 5. No, the problem is artificially framed. Because actual distance is like root 5. I agree. The problem is artificially framed which asks you to consider only the integer part of the square root. Is it okay if while comparing the max and when we take the sum of squares and while printing the distance we take the square root? No, no. See the way the problem has been framed that is what I was explaining that the problem has been framed a little bit artificially. If our actual floating point values is a fractional value as coordinates then I simply compare x square plus y square plus z square by each of the three points. And whichever is the smaller that is the point which is closest to origin. So I don't even need to compute the square root. Much less find the integer part of that square root. Okay, but the way the problem is framed that you are expected to use the function that you saw last time. Therefore it's a problem. What I would suggest is you should for the sake of practicing using a function which has been written which has been proven to be correct in the framework of the problem formulation. You should try and write the main program to do this. However, if the question is of finding out a point which is closest to origin then I suppose the universal agreement is if I simply compare the quantum of x square plus y square plus z square for each of the points and find out the minimum I will get the point which is closest to origin. Is that correct? Everybody agrees with that? So let's go to the third problem now. Are you familiar with the game of tic-tac-toe? Okay. So you want to write a C++ function that can be eventually used to play a game of tic-tac-toe. We will not use cross and takes. We will use zero and one. The point is you are not writing a program to play a tic-tac-toe game. Some of you would like to do that. You can do that later. The problem is you have to write a function which will be used in constructing a program which plays this game. So the second player wins. Let's say first player writes zero, second player writes one. Now configuration of the tic-tac-toe grid can be represented by a sequence of integers. So zero, one, zero can be represented like this. Zero, one, minus one, one, minus one. What do you think minus one represents here? It's a blank square. Nothing has been written there. This one would be represented as zero, one, minus one. So now you can represent by a sequence of nine numbers any situation in the tic-tac-toe board to begin with everything will be minus one, minus one, minus one, minus one, minus one, minus one. As a player plays, the player should prescribe the position where the player is playing and that particular position should convert from minus one to either zero or one. And at every place, every point, given a position like this, given a sequence of numbers, can you determine whether the player who has played the last move has won or not by finding out which are the three, what you can say, zeros or ones in a row. So valid configuration and numbers of zeros either equal to number of ones or more by one. Similarly, a valid configuration can have at most one winning lines of zeros or one. Is this being appreciated? Let's go back and see the whole thing again. We want to write a C++ function that can be used to play a game of tic-tac-toe using zeros and ones. So this is an example of a game being played. In this case, the second player has managed to get three ones in a column and therefore the second player wins. This could happen if a player gets three zeros or three ones in any row or any column or any diagonal. One configuration of tic-tac-toe grid is represented by a sequence of nine integers. So nine integers are given. These nine integers represent the complete tic-tac-toe configuration. So this particular configuration is represented by this sequence of nine integers. Given any sequence of nine integers in this fashion, comprising of minus ones, zeros and one, you can verify whether that sequence represents a valid tic-tac-toe configuration or not at any point in time. And what is a valid configuration? That the number of zeros either equal to number of ones or more by one. Similarly, valid configuration can have at most one winning line of zeros or one. So an example of invalid configuration. This is an invalid configuration. Somebody has already won. Player two has already won and you are actually putting one more one for him, which is incorrect. The problem is now here. So you should note down this problem very specifically. Write a c++ function t-t-t-check-config. That checks if a configuration of the game is valid one or not. Simple problem. Your function should return a boolean true if the configuration is valid. Otherwise it should return a boolean false. Remember, you are looking at a sequence of nine integers. These nine integers, each one of them has to be either minus one, zero or one. You can assume that the values that are given to the function are minus one, zero or one. But you still need to check whether the given sequence represents a valid configuration of tic-tac two or not. Coming to the end of the class, so I will have any quick questions that people want to ask. Sir, how the values will be given means A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H or... Right. So you can imagine nine variables A, B, C, D, E, F, A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I. So each of these nine variables is expected to be either zero or one or minus one. Sir, it is valid to win by two rows, one row and one column in one case. This is an invalid configuration. No. It can be a valid one. I can show it to you by... No, no, the point is such a configuration cannot exist in an actual tic-tac two game. Sir, it can. In one case, if we follow a sequence, we start with zero, one, zero, one, zero, one, zero, one. We fill the entire boundary and then fill a number in the middle. Then it's possible that a person wins by both the... this row and as well as by the column. Yeah, but what is the total number of ones and total number of zeros here? Five and four. Total number of ones are two more than the total number of zeros. No, no, no. This case is invalid. Yeah, that's what is being said. This case is invalid for a different reason than the fact that there are two winnings. In a different case... So what you are saying is that at most one winning line is not necessarily the condition of validity. Yes. There is one unique combination where two winning lines may be there. Yes. But only one specific combination. Yes. Or its mirror image. Yes. If we start with one, then it's mirror image. No, if we start with zero, then there is exactly one combination. Yes. Good. So our friend is apparently an expert in tic-tac-to and he has pointed out that there is a unique situation where one of the players, literally plays like a Dumbo and ensures that another player wins by having two rows at two... Sir, two conditions. Two lines. Two conditions. There are two conditions. What are the two? Diagonal. I can show it to you by coming down or... We can... So in one case you may get two lines with a plus-like appearance. Yes. In your case you may get two lines with two diagonals. Yes. Alright. Now having pointed that out, you factor that into the validity check. You have just made life of everyone far more miserable than what it was just five minutes ago. That's all. If anybody is feeling very chiseled off, you know the two people who are to be blamed. But good point that you make. I would like you to solve this problem at home. It does take a few lines of thought. Sir. Yeah. Not only two means more than two situations are possible. Means t is also there. So there are total eight possibilities of winning. Means three horizontal, three vertical and two cross. Alright. That's a long program. Let me simplify this problem by saying that examine the given configuration for non-validity based on numbers of zeros and ones. Yeah. And check whether at least one winning line exists. Yeah. That is a simpler problem. Yeah, but sir there are eight ways of winning. So we have to write eight conditions because three... That's okay. So I did mention that this problem involves some Gholagiri. Yeah. Right. Alright. Thank you.


Good morning everyone. Welcome to today's mentoring session which is the first one for our spring 2022. We keep this time open. Yes, we are waiting for our students to join. Good morning to each and every one year who have joined to our weekly mentoring hour. Before we could begin, we can start with a word of prayer. I'm just waiting some of our students to join in. We will start with the word of prayer. Reading from Psalms chapter 16 verse 7 and 8, I will bless the Lord who has given me counsel. My heart also instructs in the night season. I have said the Lord always before me because He is at my right hand. I shall not be moved. Let's pray. Dear Father, we come into Your presence this day. We submit ourselves, our faculty, our students in Your hand. Lord, we pray that You will minister to each one of us. You will increase us in Your wisdom, knowledge and understanding. Lord, we pray that You will lead each one of us and You will guide each one of us. You will minister to each one of us, Lord.  Thank You Father for Your Word, which is a light, which brings light to each one of us, the Father, which brings clarity to each one, Lord. Father, I surrender each and everyone in Your hand. In Jesus' name we pray. Amen. Amen. Thank you. So, we keep this time open to each one to ask questions or share thoughts where we can discuss, clarify on any topics or any questions that you have in your mind pertaining to the subject or ministry. So, yes, you can unmute and ask questions or you can type your questions on the chat and we have a faculty to help us answer those questions. Thank you. Over to our students. We don't have any anyone asking questions, but maybe we could ask, you know, like people to share what they are doing, maybe like Zellitoli or Anita or just share a little bit about anything they're doing in the ministry, things like that. Yes, sure. Sure, Pastor. Thank you. Yes, we have Zellie or Kiran, Anita. Would you like to come forward to unmute and share like what's happening in your ministry and how you serve in the area where you are? Okay. Good morning, Pastors. Good morning. Well, currently I'm in APC, Kohima, and I'm just helping my pastor out here and I'm glad that I'm here, you know, at the right time, in the right season.  And I'm glad that Pastor Homi is my mentor and I've learned so many things of the spirit from her and she's such an amazing woman of God and it's a joy and honor to be working along with her and I'm glad. Yeah, I'm just so happy. Yeah, and I'm growing in the Lord. Thank you all. Thank you. Thank you, Zellie. Thank you. Kiran, you would like to share? Kiran, good morning. Praise the Lord, Sirman. Praise the Lord. I want to just share a little bit for my ministry here. I was leader in my church my mother church and over there, I learned so many things but not like experience like that. But when I just came to theology in APC and I grow in spirit and word growing and maturing and also in my mother church, they gave me opportunity as a pastor and I used to go some some time and share word of God between 30, 40, some some time 60 also God is using me. And next experience last year 2009, 21 December month, my pastor, they gave me like responsibility to take some part. So I first of all, I just I afraid but I feared between them but God gave me that the strength and I came forward and I used to share the word of God as a nice experience last month I received like pasturing and all it it it blessed me and also I wanted to thank to APC our sister and all faculty Nancy, ma'am and all want to just say thanking you. So many things I learned from APC and their all faculties their lifestyle is so much encouraging me and all and just I received that and I just came forward in my church mother church and over there the youth is there so many and and different faith they came over there and say they also used to saw me as a as like something and they also maturing. Thank you. Ms. God that's wonderful to hear Kiran. Thank you so much for sharing very encouraging and praise God for every door that is open to you for you to minister and serve there. Good. Thank you so much. God bless. Yes. Anyone would like to share about how your ministering in the area where you are rather Isaac, Anita, would you like to share? Praise the Lord pastor, praise the Lord everyone. Thanks a lot Anita. So I just wanted to say I mean it's very nice to be here. I'm in Karwar actually and I'm serving here in my local church so due to lockdown we are having the online service so I mean I am I'm teaching I mean actually I'm teaching for junior church children and I'm translating I'm a translator actually in my church so we have two services actually Canada and for me and English and Hindi service. So I translate for Hindi and I mean I do translation and I think my pastor is also joining here Pastor Nicholson. I mean you all know about him so along with him we are just he recently became pastor of our church after his father in those deaths so we I mean we all are helping him along with along with his ministry I do I mean sometimes I do preach as well in Canada so yeah God has been good every time he has been he's teaching me and I'm learning so many things here in Karwar. I was in Bangalore past a few years then I came back in lockdown and I'm here here from past two years now so God has been great he's teaching me everything day by day I'm learning so many things for me and just to this Bible college as well so so many things that I'm learning and thank and thanking God and everyone for giving me this opportunity I mean giving me this platform to learn God's word and thank you that's it thank you everyone thank you. Thank you Anita thank you and it's wonderful to know that how God is open up an opportunity for you to translate in your church and minister to the junior children's children that's really wonderful please God for that yes yeah Brother Isaac Rupa would you like to share yes share yeah yes please go ahead um praise God yeah for my time I have been spent with ABC I want to appreciate all of us and all of you when the faculty that taught us for the first for the first semester I think we are giving a lot of insight into the Bible and we are becoming more interesting and more more informed and now what is obtaining in my local church like I stated before I was working in the airline industry I was working at the airport and I just retired in 2019 but before that I have been playing an active role in my church but in an administrative rule because like I stated before my wife started the ministry and she has been running the ministry I've been helping her in an administrative rule but prior to my retirement I was always telling myself that after retirement I want to play a more active role in the ministry well I always look at myself that maybe I cannot be a very good preacher but I'm interested in teaching so that's why I really count my blessing that I discovered ABC this is where we are now I thank God for that but then recently my wife who is the head of the church and the church elders I've decided to do an ordination which is coming up on the 13th of February and my wife has asked that I should be ordained well I wanted to decline I said I really want to study more because at least if I have to teach if I have to propagate the word of God I think I need more knowledge but I think my spirit is telling me that I can do the ordination and then still continue my Bible studies so that's where we are what I have accepted to do the ordination so I thank God for that and I want you in faculty to help me in prayers so that at least I will develop more spirit more interest and become a useful instrument in the propagation of God's words praise God thank you praise God amen thank you thank you there's a question yes yes how does this imply if please yeah I would yeah so the Matthew 10 23 obviously I think we just have to understand what Jesus is saying when he sent his disciples the persecuting one town go to the next now of course in those days towns are very small you know just maybe a few hundred people or sometimes maybe a few thousand people compared to towns and cities in our time so the scale of things is something we have to keep in mind so and plus I think the underlying thought there in Matthew 10 23 is preserve your own you know protect yourself so we don't necessarily have to leave down to protect ourselves and the point is that we will face persecution wherever we are and we have to take safety measures so one is I think it's even it's better to be preventive rather than reactive so when we know that there is hostility towards the church towards the ministry we take preventive measures to protect our lives and the lives of the people involved to whatever extent we can we don't have to leave down to do that we can protect people staying maybe so I think the the the your lessons of what Jesus is saying that is we are more useful to God alive than dead so you know stay alive as long as you can keep yourself alive and be useful to the Lord and so you know we take preventive measures to protect our lives and the lives of the people that we are responsible for and we don't have to leave down to do that yeah sure but the one follow up Christian I posted sure oh is that okay if you pass by are we supposed to file court cases is it biblical I think so the answer is yes and the reasons that we could say is this one the Bible tells us and we see this in many places in Romans 13th chapter in first Peter chapter 2 now the Bible teaches us that government is a God appointed institution in order to protect the people civil government so therefore everything that is made available to us through the civil government we have to leverage in as much as we have the Bible gives us a responsibility to be accountable to civil government we also therefore derive the benefits of being accountable to the civil government which is of course you know to leverage the judicial system to protect ourselves so that's one point of view one one thing to consider second thing to consider is just to look at what the apostle Paul himself did in the book of Acts when he was apprehended he said you know and he he first of all he was mistried or it was a mistrial because he was he being a Roman citizen should not have been treated the way he was treated when he was apprehended so there was a violation and what did he do he said I appeal to Caesar that means he it's almost like I appeal to the Supreme Court because the lower court has mishandled my case they didn't treat me well they didn't do what they're supposed to do so he he had the option they were willing to let him go you know they realized their mistake they were willing to let him but he said no I appeal to Caesar and so basically it's like appealing to the Supreme Court and then they said okay if you appeal to Caesar we have to send you to Rome and so that's why Paul ended up in Rome which resulted of course in the Gospel being brought into the Roman palace and so on so we look at Paul's example he's there and he did leverage the civil system that was available during his time so on both counts we can say that yes it is it is something right for us to do in the face of you know persecution and so on I hope that helps John yeah sure yeah thank you thank you thank you thank you John for question um Zellie sorry I lost your question as I rejoin I see your question on the chat can request you to please unmute and ask your question you're sure but still like uh I have a question regarding suicide you know like um I learned about so many pastors and church leaders committing suicide and you know and people have their different views regarding suicide that all those things are a bit confused regarding the issue of society and many church leaders and believers also struggle with suicidal thoughts and all those things so my question is if a person commits suicide and if that person is a believer will he or she go to heaven or what happens you know if you all can share some line I would appreciate that thank you thank you Zellie can I request pastor Nancy would you like to take up this question please yes pastor Anna thank you and yeah Zellie from my understanding you know something like suicide I am sure pastor would explain it better to you but my understanding I don't see why you know an act like this would disqualify you from the you know the the blessings that God has given a person who's saved so when you're in Christ Jesus I don't see why you would miss heaven if at all a believer ends their life for whatever reason and I also know that you know sometimes the cause for someone to come to this conclusion could be that they're battling a mental illness and you know out of the that if you want to call it that sickness somebody came to that conclusion but I mean I don't see why God would not based on his word and the finished work of the cross let them experience the the reward of salvation and heaven yeah so I think I would leave it with just that I think pastor would be better to answer this faster please yeah I'll just pick up where Nancy left so Zellie you know so the fact is yes a lot of believer I mean not a lot but there are believers and there are even pastors and Christian leaders who've committed suicide so there's the big question you know where will they go now one point of view that is those who say that anyone who commits suicide will not go to heaven they usually use revelation the 20th chapter and the 8th verse there it says the covered Lee the unbelieving you know will not enter heaven basically they will be in the lake of fire so they you know they they classify suicide as an act of covetous or fear so that's why that's one of the scriptures they would use saying like you know somebody commits suicide they won't go to heaven because it's a covertly act they've given into fear etc but here's what I want to think through right suppose there is a believer and he has a lustful thought for a moment just imagine this situation right he's thinking lustful thoughts now and then the next second he he or she has a heart attack and dies so that believer did not have time to repent of those lustful thoughts now as far as God is concerned part the sin in in the thought realm is equal to sin in the deed realm as far as God is concerned there's no difference that means like Jesus said in Matthew 5 if somebody looks at a woman lustfully to commit adultery that is sin in the thought is equal to sin indeed that means he has committed adultery now the same words in Romans 20 verse 8 says that the moral will not get into heaven so the fact is he has a believer who has sinned in the thought life didn't have time to repent died question is where will the person go will he be sent to hell just because he didn't repent of that once in full thought or is he saved by grace because of faith in Jesus Christ now we will all recognize that you know we are all saved by grace through faith in Christ and that person is not going to go to hell just because you know of the scenario that he described but Revelation 20 and verse 8 says those who are immoral will go to hell right so so on that same reasoning that's why we say that a believer who commits suicide i mean yes that believer gives into fear or gives into a sense of hopelessness or gives into a sense of despair or gives into sense of depression or as Nancy mentioned sometimes it's some other form of mental illness they give into it and they commit suicide so we say look that one act is not going to send them to an eternal hell but the fact that they are saved by grace stands is that okay it's a little hope you understood my reasoning yes pastor it's clear thank you so much okay thank you for the question another question from Abraham that the light of your answers please is it okay allow only people to come to church pastor would you like to take this question up okay so yeah so Abraham i can just share with you our approach you know what we have done here in bangl of course right now we're in lockdown so we can't have services but when we were allowed to have services what we did was we only made recommendations that means we are recommendations or request right we requested that only those you know after after vaccines available we requested first of all we encourage people to get vaccinated then we requested that only those who are vaccinated attend in-person services and we requested people you know to wear their masks and to be careful and all of that so we didn't necessarily make these as rules like we didn't enforce it we didn't you know tell people show us your vaccination certificate etc but we only put it out there as a recommendation or as a request for the safety of everybody involved so we didn't now we know that some people came who are not vaccinated they didn't believe in vaccines but they wanted to attend service we said okay that's your choice but just keep in mind that you know you may be at risk and you're putting others at risk also but we're not we're not saying you cannot come to church we're just saying we recommend or we request that people are you know get both their vaccine shots before coming also wear masks and all that so that's the approach we took and you know if you say biblically now I think you know if you look at how God operates God doesn't force us but he tells us you know what's right and wrong and then he tells us to choose life so if you look at you know jitrami the 30th chapter he says you know behold I said before your life and death blessing and cursing choose life right so it's like God tells us this is right this is wrong I want you to choose what's right but I'll leave the choice to you you know so maybe I'm just trying to give us a little framework I'm not saying this is the only way to do it but maybe we could follow that example where we tell people you know this is good for you it's good for all of us please choose it but we cannot of course force them to do it is that okay yes pastor thank you so much thank you pastor thank you Abraham so I would encourage each of us to ask questions and share thoughts so that we all can learn together do any of us have any questions you can either post it on the chat or you can unmute and ask your question or until then maybe we can start sharing what's happening in our minister in the area where we are can I request Rupa to please go and share about the ministry in the place where you are serving yes good morning everyone and praise the lord thank you for this opportunity to share during the Christmas season God has given me given us a thought we moved to a place in our in the village where we are doing ministry they don't usually don't give rent rented places for church worship but in God's grace and abundant mercy and in his plan one person have come forward to rent his rice mill old rice mill he has renovated it for us and he has rented over it over to us but because of covid we could not meet very often most of the services were online but after we started physically meeting during this Christmas because God has given us a prophecy over that place that he would give those people to God's kingdom we started praying for it and God has revealed that there was it was in a triangle that church is in one point so we decided to invite the people around the church there were about 25 families around most of them are Hindus and muslims so we were very apprehensive but we prayed over it and I selected seven people to go and invite them and God was very good to us they have God has opened their hearts and they were ready they invited and them into their homes and they were very receptive in coming to the Christmas function we have invited them over so we have been invited them over for worship on Christmas day they all most of them came and some of them have sent their children as representatives we prepared a love fees for them and we were able to share the good news on that day and I really praise God in this time so difficult to reach out to Hindus God has made way for us to share his good news to them and also as we ministered in a small hospital campus it's like a township when we went there inside it is like a anti-christian secular thing but we were very cautious and we went to the homes where they were invited for carols and while we were going and visiting those houses around 15 children from other faiths started following us wherever we went and we had the opportunity to invite them over for Christmas and I also had the opportunity to share the gospel with the little children I really thank and praise God for that opportunity and after the Christmas also few of the families I thought we should make it a point that they are invited into the church they're accepted into the church as they are and they can come whenever they can so that is how we are doing continuing in the ministry God has called us to and also God has given me given us another thought saying that now I have we have selected two or three women who are at home and they come from faiths into faith and they know that village very well so I told them we are all praying and we are sending them two by two into the village at least to say share the gospel to few five families at least every week that's what we are doing please pray for us that we will be in tune with God's guidance and reach out to the people in the campus and also in the village where we are doing the ministry thank you thank you thank you Rupa sharing happy to hear how God's open the remote the rural thank you praise God yes um anyone else would like to share Rosalind would you like to share about how you're ministering a place where you are or Abraham would you like to would you like to share um please what's the question again will I like to share about your ministering in the place where you are yes okay okay thank you so much I I'm currently in Vietnam and I happen to lead a small group almost about 15 people and I think we we had a small venue uh to have our meetings and sometimes if we receive um I'm alone if I you know because of the way I'm not really connected to any ministry here in Vietnam all the ones that I'm connected to they are far away so sometimes when I get into our meetings like this or when I have pastors to talk to uh it's really an encouragement to receive counsel from uh other pastors and other leaders but beside that I think by the grace of God we have some of our meetings online and some of our meetings will be offline from next week so I'm grateful to the lord for what he's doing because uh there was no vision I mean we had a person inside us we knew that okay this is what God wants to do but we couldn't see that it's coming so soon and by God's grace the people are transforming the people are loving God that's the most important thing that I'm beginning to see the passion that they have for Christ and it looks as if we all came here to make money but most of them have been able to cancel their hours of classes just to pray just to fellowship with us online so I'm just grateful that we are doing our best as a God to guide us and hoping that uh we'll continue and not give up thank you so much thank you thank you hebron for sharing it's wonderful thank you so much yes um anyone else madhu varti would you like to share about the ministry how you're serving in the area where you are or charles would you like to share about the ministry how you serve in the place where you are madhu varti you can go ahead if you're yes hello good morning yes we can hear you yeah good morning hi um please lord um chilea student who is doing the e-learning course from abcbc and I joined the mentoring hour to see the questions and the answers that are so that I can hear them and be learn something new I'm actually a student I completed my b-tech and I'm currently trying to learn more about God and I started doing this e-learning course just to equip myself and train myself more in Jesus Christ so that I can do the ministry of God later on in my life so I thank you that uh for giving me an opportunity to uh learn the courses in the bible college and I'll uh and I hope that uh I'll learn more about Jesus Christ and I'll train myself better for the kingdom of God thank you thank you thank you thank you madhu mati thank you so much for joining us on you know the mentoring hour thank you and we pray that God will continue to ministry you okay there anyone else okay charlotte's okay yes there's no questions and um yeah I'd say 39 can be uh I would like I would like to ask one question uh I'm sure it's going to help all of us um so uh in in church that we are serving in so there are a couple of people from other faiths who've been coming to church for over about two and a half three years now and um you know they are from other faiths so they haven't really you know whenever we've made altar calls whenever we have you know asked uh you know for baptism classes they haven't really come forward uh but one of the things that I've noticed is during the communion Sunday when we celebrate the Lord's table uh they partake of it uh now there are times when I have gone and told them see uh it's important to make that decision for Christ to you know to surrender your life and uh so my question is more of so what do we do when you know we don't see a response from them uh but they're continuing to partake in the Lord's table uh I did explain to them what the Lord's table is but they're not what are baptized they haven't really made that commitment at least um you know an outward commitment for us to know also so my question is like how do we handle this kind of situation um do we tell them you know Paul writes in 1st Corinthians he says you know to take the Lord's table in a worthy manner uh I'm sure they are there they are of course taking it they are not disrespecting the Lord's table but my concern is do they really know what they are doing uh what what the Lord's table is so my question is do we request them to stop do we let them continue to partake in the Lord's table so Pastor would you like to help us answering this question thank you yeah so yeah thanks thank you for the question Paul so one is in the New Testament uh we don't have any clear statement that somebody has to be water baptized in order to partake of the Lord's table uh what we do understand is that um you know somebody has to be a believer they have to believe in Jesus Christ who he is and what he has done for us through his death burial and resurrection in order to meaningfully partake of the Lord's table so uh so that's one reason why you know every time we do the Lord's table uh we take a few minutes just to uh talk about the cross of course we don't preach a full sermon on the cross but just a few minutes to say you know this is what Jesus did for us on the cross and this is what partaking of the Lord's table is and therefore you're welcome to partake so you know from our pastoral side we do that every time you know just take maybe a few minutes five minutes or less saying this is what Jesus did on the cross and this is what the elements mean and therefore we are partaking and all who believe are welcome to partake so from because the New Testament doesn't categorically state that somebody has to be water baptized uh to partake of the Lord's table I think it's not right for us to bring in that but some denominations do but we don't you know for us we understand that as long as they believe in Jesus Christ as Lord and Savior and uh and understand the meaning of the cross they welcome to partake so we would just leave it at that so for example these people now and it doesn't you know it could be from other faiths it could be people who've been in church but they haven't paid any attention to the Bible so it really doesn't matter the point is as long as they have believed in Jesus and they understood have trusted in Christ to be the Lord and Savior they're welcome to partake now subsequently you know when the time is right they may be water baptized for example the same thing we do in children's church we serve communion in children's church uh so children partake of the Lord's table and they will get water baptized you know at some point later maybe when they whenever they are ready so but they start partaking of the Lord's table from an early age uh because they understand the you know what Jesus did for them on the cross in there in there at their level so um that's what I would say that uh you know really doesn't matter if they are from a non-Christian background or a Christian background as long as they're believers in Jesus Christ they understand what Christ did for them on the cross they welcome to partake on the Lord's table and at some point later whenever they are ready they will be water baptized is that okay for you yes pastor thank you thank you pastor yes thank you pastor thank you so much uh we also have one last question from Isaac Vandy in my sharing I stated that the leadership of our ministry has asked that I be ordained is it acceptable to ordain now or way to continue my studies to get more insight in the word of God pastor would you like to answer this please um you know um I I guess um it all depends on what this ordination is for uh if it is you know okay let's say in general this ordination is really an appointment into a place of spiritual leadership that means they're saying they're setting you into a place of spiritual leadership and responsibility over the people uh so that is a very serious thing right if you're if if somebody's being appointed to be an usher okay that's fine or somebody's being appointed to be you know uh in some other you know helps type of role okay that's that's plain and simple but if somebody but if you're being ordained into you know the way the bible's talking about in terms of a place of spiritual leadership then I think it is a very serious matter and if you go by the scripture and I'm just looking at 1st Timothy chapter 3 and I'm also looking at 1st Timothy chapter 5 in both these places uh we find that uh you know while it's to be a spiritual leader is a good thing Paul starts off that 1st Timothy chapter 3 verse 1 he says you know if any man desires a role of a bishop or a spiritual leader he desires a good thing but here are the things that we have to look for you know that means make sure he has he comes into this place of maturity before putting him uh appointing him into that place of leadership that in other words go slow don't be in a hurry and that's what he says in 1st Timothy chapter 5 he says lay hands suddenly on no man you know what's he talking about don't appoint somebody leadership in a hurry so my response to you Isaac from what you have shared I think it's a place of spiritual leadership in the church and I would suggest just based on scripture go slow that means there's no hurry you know you can ask them for one more year and say okay you know what I love to be a leader but just give me a year and a year from now I should be ready and the most important thing is to prove your calling first you know uh that means first do the work you know first you start serving first you start leading first you start spiritually nurturing people uh and after you do that for one or two years then it makes sense to be ordained into that you know the Bible always says prove your calling first right so do the work first and you have signs of fruit in that area then you appoint somebody into that place rather than appointing them first and then expecting them to serve and if that doesn't happen then it's a big mess actually so my suggestion would be wait for one or two years serve and those one or two years spiritually prove the calling see fruit coming then you can have people appoint you if that's okay okay uh I don't want to disappoint you or anything but uh I'm just sure is that okay yeah I think it's okay but um like I'm saying I'm interested in the teaching ministry yeah I'm okay yeah I'm interested in the teaching ministry and yeah there is a vacuum I mean like my wife she has a calling yeah she has a calling she started the church she has a calling for for prayer she has a calling for prophecy okay she can preach but there is a vacuum and we have young people that have come to the ministry I think uh the need tutorial um from the yeah from the insight I'm getting I think I will prepare to to teach like he said but I will discuss with the with the leadership of the ministry more thank you wonderful wonderful thank you yeah thank you pastor thank you brother Isaac thank you and um thank you each one of you all for participating in today's mentoring session it's 849 and we are running out of time so we can go ahead pray and wrap up this session yeah I see sexes uh Enoch has raised his hand okay yes please sexes you can let us know yeah good morning everyone good morning my pastors my teacher my lecturer um please I'm looking at the timing I would have been participating fully in all these lecture that I'm mixing some time like now this is 4 20 a.m and before in the angelia time I just get awake and I saw that lecture is gone if there's any way they can adjust the time for us so that we can also be participate fully in especially that it's o'clock uh a a m hours in your country because I'm we I'm not falling it falling that's my god my what I want to say my opinion if you can adjust the time so that we can also be participated in the lecture fully thank you pastor can you answer because I could not hear him clearly okay okay yeah as Enoch was talking about the time 8 o'clock 8 a.m here in India especially this this first hour is you know like 4 o'clock or something they're very very in Africa yeah Enoch so we here's the here's the situation we I know there are several people from Africa but then there are also people from the other side of the world like Abraham is from Vietnam and so it's probably in the afternoon there and then we have some people like from I think all the way up to New Zealand for them like 8 o'clock in the morning India time is like 3 30 in the afternoon over there so it is um yeah I know it's inconvenient for people you know just because of the time zone difference but what what I would say at this point is that you know these things are recorded so you could always listen to the recordings if you'd like to but maybe next semester we even see you know one option like what we used to do was we used to have some of our sessions at uh 12 in the noon to one you know that's that's the way that's what we used to have supernatural hour 12 to one Indian time that would be more convenient for you know so let's just think about it and and and we will you know maybe if not this semester definitely we can try to adjust next semester but we will definitely keep this thought in mind thank you for bringing it thank you so much I'm grateful I'm so grateful about that thank you so much thank you thank you pastor for answering this question and yes as time is up can we wrap this session with a word of prayer can I request John Paul to please wrap with a word of prayer please yeah father we want to thank you for this time of learning from each other and sharing the experiences of growing up through your word of God and we thank you for all our faculties all our students we pray that even as you continue to learn from your word that we would be enriched and be equipped to share your word and to to reach out to people who are in sin Lord Jesus and help us to make use of every knowledge that we are learning to to the benefit of the kingdom Lord Jesus we thank you for all our teachers we thank you for all the uh the faculties who are helping us Lord we thank you God in Jesus which is name we pray amen amen thank you so much for joining in today's mentoring us see you all tomorrow God bless thank you thank you thank you my pastors thank you my leader thank you my mentors thank you thank you in all God bless thank you amen thank you pastors thank you thank you sister Rupa for joining God bless thank you thank you


So this is going to be very exciting. How's it going, guys? And welcome back to another exciting video. If you don't know who I am, my name is Bennett Grazer, but in Swiss German, they say Bennett Grazer. If you can pronounce that correctly, then you can officially speak Swiss German. Gonskijlmann. So if you're interested in gear reviews, storytelling, and filmmaking tutorials, then you are at the right place. So consider subscribing. All right, so in today's video, we are going to discuss about the Sony a7 III. Is it still worth buying it in 2020? Well, let's find out. For this video, I've invited a special guest whose name is known as Little Boy. And the crazy thing about him is that he's not only an awesome dancer and filmmaker that shares the same passion like me, he is currently held on an isolated onboard cruise ship that is floating around the Atlantic Ocean. I actually saw his short film 18 Days and Counting. If you haven't seen it, I will leave a link in the video description below. Beautiful video, I comment on it, and he immediately reached out to me and wanted to do a collab. So Little Boy, introduce yourself please. Hi everyone, my name is Little Boy. First of all, I just would like to say thank you for Bennett Grazer for letting me be a part of this video today. Thanks for the collab. I'm very excited to share with you a little bit of my experience with this camera. And let's jump into the first question. What is it? As you know, the Sony a7 III is a very popular camera nowadays. And the first question I have for you is, what are your reasons for buying that camera? My reasons to buy this camera was the ability to shoot 4K. I never had the opportunity to shoot in 4K. And I was looking for a camera that would give me the possibility and the ability to shoot in low light. Because it's very nice. I got to use the ISO very high. I don't need too much light. I think that was the main reason that I went for this camera. What are your reasons? Well, I actually own two Sony a7 III cameras. One functioning as a A-roll and the other as a B-roll camera. There are a couple of reasons why I chose to buy the a7 III. Let's first talk about the price.  It can shoot 4K 24 frames per second, which I used to get that filmic look and 1080p at 120 frames per second for slow motion. I can use the custom dials to switch between presets. So if I want to shoot in 4K, I can quickly switch to dial one and for slow motion to dial two. You also have the option to shoot in log, which gives you a more dynamic range in your image and therefore gives you a better image quality. Not to mention the great low light capabilities and five-axis in-body stabilization, which gives me smoother handheld shots. Now, my favorite features are the crop mode and autofocus. Switching to crop mode changes the sensor size to an APS-C sensor, allowing me to get 1.5 times closer to the subject. Combining it with the clear image zoom and voila, you have three times as much zoom with no loss of quality when shooting in 4K. This way, I don't need to have lenses that cover all of the focal lengths and will save me money in the long run. Now for the autofocus, I love the different focus areas options. I use the flexible spot to set a specific focus point and the great thing about it is that I can use the touchscreen for it. The autofocus is blazing fast, accurate and almost competes with the Canon dual pixel autofocus. I rely on it a lot and find this very important for shooting videos.  After using your camera for this long, what do you think are the pros and cons of the A7 III? The pros is because I have everything that I need. I can take nice photos from my social media. I can give a nice quality video for my clients. I can do slow motion 120. I can do 4K. I feel like this camera is very diverse and I can achieve a very high quality product with just a little bit of work or just a little bit of editing in post-production. So I'm very happy. And the only cons about this camera is it's not very like a thing that I need very much but the flip up screen would be nice and just so I can see like moments like this, I'm recording from my external monitor which is fine, but it would be just handy to just flip up screen and the time record. The time recording this camera, I wish there was longer than 30 minutes because every time that we record, we need to keep looking the rack time. Other than that, I think I'm very happy and you just gotta have to get used to it to this little things, but overall it's very nice. What about you? Another downside is that the Sony A7 III records internally 8-bit 4K. I wished it could output 10-bit because when shooting in a flat picture profile, I get more color information to start with. 8-bit just has less room to color grade and becomes visible if you push it to its extent. Yes, you could use the Atmos Ninja V that features 10-bit codec but as what I've seen, the A7 III still output 8-bit and the difference isn't really noticeable. Don't get me wrong, the 4K 8-bit video quality of the A7 III is very beautiful and I'm still very impressed with it. It's not really a big deal for me, it's just nice to have. As for my last con, it would be perfect if the Sony A7 III could shoot 4K in 60 frames per second. 4K is really great for having more detail in your image, giving you an overall better image quality and having additional 60 frames would be great just to also have this quality in slow motion. Moving on to the pros. As I've mentioned previously in the reasons for choosing this camera, you really get a lot of value for its price. One thing that I didn't mention is the improved battery stamina, which for me is a huge plus. One battery lasts me for more than half a day. So to conclude this video, I wanna know from you, little boy, do you think that it's worth buying the Sony A7 III in 2020? If you like the Sony Color, if you like a full-frame camera, if you like 4K, 120 frames per second, do slots, you can specifically change and adapt the modes so you can save photo and video and switch real quick. This camera is very easy and very handy because of this option as well. If you'd like to increase a little bit, the ability to edit, to color grade, to learn new things, I think this camera is gonna challenge you a lot and it's gonna give the ability to produce a nice quality product. It's your money, it's your choice, but for my personal experience, this camera is very good, I would recommend, and I think was one of the best investments other than my computer that I've ever done because this camera is the camera that I have done all this work for the past two years and I got to make a lot of money out of my camera. So for me, it's worth it. What do you think? I would say in the end of the day, the Sony A7 III is not the perfect camera but for what I use it for and how I like to shoot, the Sony A7 III fulfills my needs as a filmmaker. I also have been a Canon user in the past and I still love Canon for their colors and excellent build quality but after shooting with the Sony A7 III, it's hard to get back. Though with the new announcement of the Powerhouse Canon EOS R5 full-frame mirrorless camera that can shoot 8K, 30 frames per second and 4K 120 frames per second with raw 10-bit, this might be the perfect cameraman. In the end, what really matters is not the camera but the person behind it. Thank you so much, little boy, for your thoughts on the Sony A7 III and reaching out to me. It was really a pleasure working with you, man. I really hope that you and the other members on the ship will be able to go back home soon. It definitely is a challenge for you guys. I wish you all the best and stay safe. If you haven't checked out Little Boy's channel, he's a really cool dude that does lots of awesome filmmaking tutorials. Definitely also check out his short film. I will leave a link to his channel in the video description below. Thank you so much, guys, for watching. If you have any questions, feel free to comment on this video. Take care and see you in the next video.


Hi, this is your host Abli Bhartiya and welcome to our 2023 Predictions video series and today we have with us once again, Sean Amara, Field Studio at Merantis. Sean, it's great to have you on the show. It's great to be back. Yeah, and before I ask you to grab your crystal ball and shadow predictions, tell us a bit about the company. So Merantis is focused on helping our customers to build extraordinary products. It's the simplest way to put it. We focus on automating the discovery and integration and operation of the best cloud technologies so that our customers can spend their time and effort focusing on building their most valuable code and focusing what they need to achieve for their businesses. Now it's time for you to grab your crystal ball and tell us what predictions you have, what are your needs for you? Yeah, a little bit of crystal ball gazing here. So we put a lot of thought into this and we've been thinking about it for a while now. There is so much happening in the industry as you know and there's so many things coming along. But I think one of the big ones that that has struck us is the whole growth of the Metaverse. And we honestly believe that come 2023, we're going to start to see the true commercialization with practical business applications of the Metaverse. With the work being done by a number of players, including Microsoft, to create standards across the Metaverse industry and a lot of new players coming up, we truly feel that it's going to make a big hit during 2023. One of the other areas that we're seeing a lot of impact and we're involved in this as a business as well is this removal of developers' needs to learn the depth of complex platforms like Kubernetes. We're starting to see a lot more platform abstraction and we think that's going to accelerate in 2023 where developers are going to be able to focus on just writing their code, not having to learn Kubernetes or serverless or some more complex underlying solution. They'll be able to focus on just writing their code. They'll drop it into these patterns and everything will be managed for them. The third area that has struck us whilst we were thinking about this is really the impact of AI on developers. We've all spoken about this idea that AI is going to come along and write our code for us. But I think the real prediction for 2023 is AI is going to help developers create better code. We're starting to see the maturity of that already, but we're going to start seeing more powerful tools to improve code quality and more powerful tools to help developers accelerate and create better synergies within their code bases. And then finally, as we were thinking about this, one of the things that come up a lot over the last few months is the change in compute patterns. We're starting to see a push back to doing more compute on the desktop. We're starting to see more edge patterns really become realistic if you look at the rise of things like Wazm. I think with the power of these devices, whether it be mobile devices or desktop devices, really developers starting to take that containerization technologies and push them towards the edge of the network, specifically running more workloads closer to the users. So that's our list for 2023. First of all, thank you for sharing those predictions. If I ask you what is going to be the focus of Merentes in 2023? We're really going to be focusing on that developer experience. I'm very much focused on creating a simpler experience for developers, creating a simpler experience for our customers. The whole idea of zero ops and really implementing and making that a reality for our customers is going to be a core portion of where we're going to be focusing our efforts in 2023. What are the challenges that you see will be there? Of course, we are also talking about economy, but we also hear that companies will be increasing their spending, but considering all the geopolitical or economic crisis, or maybe in general, just the way you see some trends in the developer sphere, what other challenges that you see will be there in 2023 and which are the ones that you would like to tackle and solve for the ecosystem? Obviously, the economy is a major challenge and it's going to change expectation from amount of spend. So one of the biggest challenges we want to help customers focus on is helping them put their money where it's most valuable to them. And to do that, the challenge which we need to tackle is how do we remove all of the non-essential work that companies are doing, that repetitive work? A lot of the infrastructure problems we've spoken about, we say they're solve problems. Why are companies investing in those when they could be investing their time into building value for their business? So from a merantist perspective, where we really feel we need to focus our time is how do we help our customers save time and save money so that they can focus on building value? And that should help with the economic challenges that we're all dealing with. From a technology point of view, one of the big areas is the big drive to hybrid technologies. More and more customers are starting to realize they don't want to be in a single provider. They're starting to realize that cloud isn't necessarily the answer to everything. There is a need for balance between that on-prem technology and that cloud technology. So we're also working towards helping our customers bridge that gap between the challenges of running workloads both on-prem but also across multiple cloud providers and reducing that risk of going into a single provider. Sean, thank you so much for taking time out and of course share these predictions with us. And as usually, we'll hold a scorecard and see which of these predictions turn out to be true. And I'll see you again next year. Thank you. Thank you very much. It was great to be here.


Thank you, thank you chair and can I begin by first of all thanking you very much for your leadership work on the Green Deal and indeed this working group. Can I at the outset say that I do agree with the approach of the supporting documents that the working group should focus on building synergies. We as the CUR, how should I say have our pulse on localities, towns and cities, and this is a real added value in my role as chair of econ. I'd like to propose as strategic priorities, the digital and green transition, the resilience and recovery facility that takes account of and is shaped by local and regional realities, sustainable competitive industry and, importantly, the circular economy. I believe that the transition should be green and digital. I believe that econ and envy, as well as the other commissions should work together to define and champion a transition that is both green and digital. The other strategic priority I named is the resilience and recovery fund financial resources without innovation in design and multi level, multi level governance of national recovery and resilience plans are not enough. There will be work on sustainable investment and green bonds, and I can see very, very fruitful exchanges between econ, aesthetic quarter and envy. Partnership in sustainable and competitive industrial change means it means a more collaborative approach delivering public goals. The work groups industry is faced with often costly transition, transitional regulations that are competitors more than often do not face. SDGs cover all policies and as such, they should be discussed within the working group. On the on circular economy. This is clearly an envy remiss but I do believe that econ and said it's work on SMEs and industrial policy are two commissions with said it for innovation will benefit from improved collaboration. These issues are included in the features of our draft working document that will be discussed by econ members. I agree with all the proposals made on the document on facilitating cross commission input and visibility. If you need to read your operational proposals I support all of them. We should encourage valorization and sharing of this practice of our members who are developing a strict development developing strategies in the umbrella of the green deal to show the extent of the local level. As for the task force I think it's important that there is no duplication of work or interference with the project team of the working group. Thank you.


What's going on everybody got Kyle and Matt here with Layton sports cards from one box of 2023 bowman draft super jumbo This one is for Jeffrey. Good luck. Mr. Jeffrey. Let's see we got Got a super jumbo Good luck after this guys off James M. Jonathan Christopher Mario Um, oh did I miss a Steven? Oh, sorry about that Steven. I could have ripped those together my bad. I didn't realize you had them Both those orders I'll get that going here just a little bit. Sorry about that Steven. Whoops Mr.. Second one To rip those together Friday. Mr. Jeffrey. Let's do it super jumbo paper up front fracter is vicarra First red fuel is the first forester Armelo Here's paul skeen's refractor first cold miller Adrienne Santana and a jacob wilson got a blue to 150 jc up Should have been an auto and not I believe but see if we make up one here It's all refractors.  Just in rhymer. There's vitrano bombing moratus It's like a whole box of refractors right here rock regio marion buoyed rock rodent Spencer nevins I've no idea. I've never seen this homer bush and base auto is going to be cold and lead better Pulling lead better on the base auto for the race. Yeah, that is interesting Rhett louder and a um length for draft car That's very interesting. Hmm See if it some of these are uh Less than that if we're going all Going all uh refractors here.  I got you and a speckle first of elijah green here in here if it's Yeah, don't worry about those. There's too many. Yeah, I was about that There's green in 99 gonna be a kemp alderman.  We got a million here. Um, there's cold karak cj caefus first cam fisher chase davis noble mire honeyman This is crazy. Now all the refractors drew hackenburg on them all Okay, cool emerson and there's wild langford on the sp auto Nice one there for you jeffrey first one of these i've seen Man out of florida will get that in a mag for you to 99 first langford sp Very nice one there James wood and charlie soto charlie soto Yeah, must be george. I've never seen one like this all all refractors Take it. Good luck jeffrey. That's white langford there too first of the sp's i've seen first jackson maryl hunter holland ham marion boyd There's brock rodent There's a langford insert and so 99 i'm gonna be zack thorton On the green for the mets 499 i got a light blue first garret bauman First uh tray of the ray The other card is going to be a refractors white langford shumwetter Jaworski And base auto is going to be cj kfis for the gaudians Formative and a max clark insert There's a lot of a lot of One of the fractors coming out Good luck here mr. Jeffrey. He's a first dillon cambell kindle george Sullivan picard It's a johnny farmello bowman glass and louise on helicunia to 125 on the aqua louise on hell refractor city hackenburg That's moving in kair delgado refractor city nolan mclean Base auto is going to be max anderson for the tigers Max anderson for the tigers. I think the refractor pile is bigger than the base pile at this point Think it is Good luck here jeffridge 299 we got a ethan hawk or sorry tommy hawk tommy hawk First is hero y at chris clark tray morgan fraydenberg kashel And first auto is going to be charlie soto base auto minnesota and white langford Right any last side good luck here mr. Jeffrey really nice on the sp langford So we got in the last pack last pack does not have all the soup or the refractors Only one pack did an interesting interesting There's a tommy troy bowman glass and speckle on the back is tray the right tray morgan All righty there mr. Jeffrey that will do it sir that will do it for your um one box of bowman draft super jumbo Really nice hit on the white langford insert auto Or sp auto get that right i'll see my man. Thank you


The People's Democratic Party, Philippines, announced plans to appeal the Court of Appeals decision to uphold the governor of July's release removal from Nassar estate. Now the Independent National Electoral Commission, INA, declared Soleil the winner of the march election. But Philippi candidate David Magadu was sent to the tribunal. Soleil, through his lawyer, will allow Lani Pekin as requested the court to overturn the tribunal's decision and allow his own appeal. Now, Lani Pekin argued that tribunal refused to take witness submissions during the airing and that Beaver's data also not considered arse evidence. What was contested was the competition. And this competition are done at the world levels. And the various world agents came before the tribunal and gave competent testimony about what took place with respect to the competition. Strangely, INEC, which did the competition, did not bring a witness to dispute the mathematical calculation, which the tribunal also did, utilizing the evidence that was tendered before it. So it is rather strange for this court to come to that determination. I think it was rather a very strange misconception of the case and, happily, this is not the final court in this matter. We already have instructions to test the decisions that have been rendered this afternoon and we are already swung in. Be sure to hit the notification button so you get notified about fresh news updates.