We hold these truths to be self-evident that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. These words from the Declaration of Independence are familiar to many of us, and yet it took 143 years for women to get the right to vote and 189 years for Black people to get the right to vote. And still today, life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness are still only words for many people. Here in Boston, life expectancy varies by 30 years depending on where you live. In Roxbury, with many poor and Black people, life expectancy is 59 years. In the back bay, wealthy and mostly white, life expectancy is 91 years. It's tough to have liberty when you are in prison. The United States incarcerates 716 people for every 100,000 people. Our rate of incarceration is more than five times higher than most countries in the world. Millions of people in our country don't have health care, a decent job, good education, a home they can afford, and that makes it pretty hard to pursue happiness.  People today who are making the words of the Declaration of Independence come true. Hi, my name is Michael Jacoby-Brown, and today we're honored to have with us Stanley Pollock of Teen Empowerment. Hi, Stanley, how are you? I'm good, Michael. I'm glad you could come in today. Stanley, you've been working for Teen Empowerment for decades now, but I'd like to start. Can you tell us something about your upbringing, where you came from, where you were born, and where you lived when you were young, and also how you got your values? Sure. Well, I was born in Marstown, New Jersey. There's a little monument towards it. I grew up in Bhutan, New Jersey, which is a small town about 9,000 people. My father owned a restaurant there, and it was sort of a breakfast, lunch, and dinner place, so you had the same people kind of come in there every week, so I got to know all kinds of different people, and that was very important. I got to know people who were doing very well, had a lot of money, which there was kind of an upper class in the town, and then there was a working class and poor people in the town and people of color, a small community of people of color in that town as well. People did live very separately there, but because I was in my father's restaurant, and I actually ate with different people every night of the week, I got to know people across those barriers, and I think that was a pretty fundamental experience for me in terms of kind of orienting me to the differences in the world, and also some of the inequities in the world as well. So I think that was a very important experience in kind of giving me a framework for my life. And can you say a little bit more about the values? I know you told me before about the values your dad and mom who worked in, as you called it, the store, the restaurant, what are the kind of things they did that influenced you? Yeah, that was a very important, you know, I think for everybody, your parents are, you know, your first models of how to live. And my father worked very hard, you know, 16-hour days, and he connected with people across those barriers. He took care of some of the folks in town, you know, sort of kept their money for them and that sort of thing. And my father had a very egalitarian approach to life. And that was important for me to see. My mother, on the other hand, had a lot of prejudice. And she expressed those prejudices. Really, you could call it prejudice, you could call it fear, but she bought into a lot of the stereotypes. And so I had those two kind of opposing images, really, in a way. And I learned from both of them, really. I felt that, you know, my mother's approach to life was limiting and unfair. And so I was more drawn to my father's kind of approach to it. But both of those were important in terms of understanding how society works and how society does not work. And when you started working as a young adult, I know you said you started working first with teens. Can you tell us a little bit about that and how that happened? What attracted you about teens? Yeah. Well, as we were talking earlier, I needed a job. I needed to survive. So that was in there. And this was in 19, I graduated from college in 1971. And the economy was very, very flat. There wasn't a lot of opportunity. And there was a lot of political activism. And I really could not see myself going into kind of corporate life, you know, that sort of thing. And the idea of working with teenagers just seemed like the right direction to go to and go in. And the thing that attracted me about and still does attract me about working with teenagers is that they're forming. They're not totally formed. Adults tend to be kind of solidified in their attitudes and what they feel about things, their opinions are kind of fixed, where young people can kind of turn on a dime and be going in one direction and going and then going another. And that excited me, that kind of fluidity, that kind of openness, that kind of excitement about, you know, really engaging in life and seeing hope, you know, of making kinds of change. Maybe that gets disappointed at some point along the line. But it was that energy that really attracted me to working with teenagers. The opportunity that I got was to work in delinquent homes, which is what they called them back then.  And so I had the opportunity to work in those homes. And that was very affirming for me in terms of my abilities to connect with young people was the most kind of apparent skill that I had. So that was one end of it. And the other end of it was the oppression of the administrations that ran those facilities. So, you know, I had a lot of experiences where I was very successful working with young people and not so successful working with administrations and kind of battling those administrations to view their young people as people that had something to offer. So these were disposable young people. These were young people who were labeled as, you know, bad. And that was not my approach. And that was not my experience as well. You know, there were young people that faced many challenges, but they had a lot to offer as well. And that gave me the ability to connect with a lot of young people who maybe a lot of other people had more difficulty doing. Right. You saw them as something, people that had assets and possibility as opposed to need just needs and stuff. So you worked, I know, for a long time first in Somerville, for the city. You worked as a consultant for a lot of organizations. And then several decades ago, you were the founder of Teen Empowerment. Can you tell us a little bit more about Teen Empowerment specifically and how it differs from other sorts of youth development programs? Sure. It really is a continuation of that perspective, right? The perspective that young people are assets. So that really is the fundamental assumption that Teen Empowerment is built on. That, you know, where young people have all kinds of specific needs for services, they also have the ability to contribute. And so that's really the framework. So what Teen Empowerment is, it's a program that hires young people. And we hire all kinds of young people. Hires means pays them real money. They're actual employees. That's correct. They are employees. They are selected to represent their communities in terms of race and ethnicity, in terms of neighborhood, which is very important when you're trying to build community. And in terms of social and emotional development, that is we hire young people who are doing very well. And we're hiring young people who have had very difficult experiences and maybe are still involved in some of those difficult experiences, but are motivated to do something good in the world. And what's the theory around that? You said you hired some people who are doing well, I assume you mean doing well in school, traditional, and other folks that may be not doing so well in the traditional way of how adults in schools and institutions see them. What's the thinking or theory behind that? That's really interesting. Well, just to be specific, it's young people who are connected to other young people in the community who maybe aren't involved in gangs and they're involved in drugs, involved in dysfunctional kinds of behavior. The theory is if you want to reach those young people on the street, you better have those young people involved in the core leadership, really. That's one piece of the theory. And as an organizer, I'm sure you're familiar with that. And the other is that these young people have something to offer, that they understand some of the realities there. And they have skills, and some of them have very strong organizing skills. They may be organizing in the wrong direction, but they are organizers, and they may be leading in the wrong direction, but they are leaders as well. So they can be very, very bright, some just in very traditional ways really, but disconnected from school, disconnected from family or whatever, or have other kinds of skills that are really fundamentally important. So that's the theory behind reaching out to young people who have had more difficulty. And then the other piece of it is integration, right? So the way programs generally work is they work with high-risk youth, or they work with youth who are going to college, or they work with kids who are going into trades or whatever, but they tend to be separated and that means that they get reinforced by their peer group. So that's particularly negative phenomena when you look at young people who are grouped by their dysfunction. So we have DYS, Department of Youth Services. You go into a DYS facility with other young people who are having difficulty. The staff is trying to teach you a different way of being, but you're learning a lot from your peers. And so it's sort of recognizing that peer culture and the power of that peer culture and trying to break down the kind of segregation, the separation, so that young people who are doing well and young people who are not doing well can influence each other. So you hire a group of them, some doing well in the traditional sense. Correct. And how big is that group every year or semester? How does it work? Well, we have two sites in Boston. We have a site in Somerville, Massachusetts. We have a site in Rochester, New York, which is about to have a second site in Rochester, New York as well. At each site, we hire about 14 young people. 14. That's the group. That's great. Groups above 15 tend to form cliques, something we learned from organizational theory anyway. Yeah, absolutely. We have a whole series of different things that we do. Sometimes we actually have more than 14, but we generally hire 14 young people and seven boys and seven girls and that's a very kind of rigorous effort to keep a gender balanced. And then, as I said, representing the different communities. So if we're working in Boston, we want the different housing developments represented in there and the different neighborhoods and so forth in that group. And so what do you actually do after you hire them? And is this sort of done on a school year basis or summer two or how does it work? What actually do the young people do after their hard? What's their job? Yeah, their job is to meet every day of the week, Monday, mostly Monday through Friday, they work two to three hours a day during the school year. So that's a seven, about a seventh month deal. And then we actually have a seven week program that we do in the summer, which is very similar. It's a little bit more hours during each day. They meet every day and they analyze, what their job is, is to analyze the community. That is, what are the most powerful issues in the community? What are the issues that if you worked on would have the biggest impact on the rest of those issues? Then develop a strategy to have an influence on the value systems, the belief systems of their peers. Implement that strategy with the goal of trying to change the patterns of behavior in that community and have young people take on a more positive value system and decrease negative outcomes for young people in that community. And these are mostly communities of color in Boston or at least? We tend to work in communities of color. That's where we are right now. But in Somerville is a very mixed community. So you have a mix of kids of color and then those Caucasian kids as well. I wonder if you have some reflections you as a white man going into Boston, into mostly communities of color. I wonder if you have any reflections, as you said once to me. Who gets to start these programs? You've been doing this for years and years, decades really. Do you have some reflections or thoughts on how that works or is it working, what's going on in that whole scene, so to speak? Yeah, well there's sort of two questions, right? How was my experience with that? And just to answer that question, that's changed over the years. When I first began in the program in Boston in 1992, 1993, Boston was in a bloodbath. There were 180 murders in Boston and in 1991, the state around those areas, that's like more than triple than what's happening now. And on top of that, the young people who were dying were really young people. They were like 14, 15, 16 years old. That's changed as well. So if you take a look at the numbers, even there's 40 or 50, too many, too many murders and injuries and so forth, they tend to be a little bit older. So the violence level among young people has decreased. So all this work, when people talk about the kinds of investments that have been made in Boston and in its many programs, not just Tina Powerman for sure, there's many great programs in there, they really paid it off. There's more work to be done. That's a big fallacy of people, oh well, we're in great shape now, let's not do it anymore. That's a huge mistake. When I began, race was an issue, my race was an issue. But much less of an issue, you're in the middle of really a bloodbath. And the things we were doing, running peace conferences, bringing gangs together, having people sit down who had wars with each other and signed peace treaties, folks were appreciative of that. And that's allowed us to grow and develop. Over the years, there's been a growing awareness of the importance of people of color leading programs. And of course, Tina Powerman's all about that. The staff comes up from the program into staff. The staff comes from the youth. That's our best opportunity to get staff. So, and I think the whole issue of awareness, awokeness, if you will, around race has grown tremendously in society over these years. And I think the frustration of people of color as that awareness grows. The average white family has $250,000 or $300,000 of value savings of one kind in a house or whatever. And people of color, it's $8. Negative. So these things are very, very painful. And they create resentment and anger. And if you have the kind of national discussion that we're having, which is outrageous, the things that the Trump administration does and says, and his accolades in the Congress and you see on television, the anger that young people feel is palpable and understandable and gets kind of generalized as well. So it's become more and more important for people of color to lead organizations. And that's something that I hope I've helped to spawn in my organization. Yeah, well, let's talk about that because I know you've now left a while ago as the quote executive director. And there were no quotes. Right, right. Thank you for clarifying that. That's really helpful. I know you've left, how long ago was it now? It's been a year that I left the position of executive director and became a part-time, half-time person. Right. I'd love to talk a little bit about that because transitions from baby boomers, hope you don't mind that expression like you and me, to younger people is something that's happening across a lot of social justice organizations. And I think it'd be really interesting to hear something about your experience doing that, not that your experience is going to work for everyone, but what that's been like for you. And now that you're, well, you're not exactly retired, I don't see you as the retiring type, but you have more time on your hands. Could you explain both a little bit maybe first about the transition, how that worked and why I think you said it was important to have a person of color become the executive director at this point now because things are different? Yeah, absolutely. That was an important goal of the process and we were open to all kinds of different people and we had a completely open process. I actually had nothing to do with the hiring process or very, very little to do with the hiring process. The board wanted to do that and they pretty much did do it. I had some input into it. I obviously met with people and did an interview and so forth. So that was, there was a lot of conversation about my role going forward and a lot, you know, the traditional thought is that the EDN, particularly the founder, that we can put quotes around the founder, you know, shouldn't be involved, should leave be gone, you know, that sort of thing. I felt that that would be a big mistake because Teen Empowerment is a very complicated program technically to run and I felt like I still had something to offer and wanted to stay involved with it and that was something that was agreed upon but people were concerned about it. We hired Abigail Forrester who is an African American, I think he's about 50 years old, has tremendous experience working with YouthBuild and, you know, the Madison Park Development Corporation and just a very talented guy and very passionate, extremely passionate and dynamic, very dynamic personality. So, you know, he was hired and we've been working together for over a year now, just over a year and it's just working out tremendously because you know, first of all, I don't want to be the ED. Why is that? Well, I never actually enjoyed that aspect of the program and wasn't that great at it. I mean, I don't mind doing fundraising and talking to people about the program and that sort of thing and advocating public and so that I more or less enjoyed that. I much more enjoyed the opportunity to work with Youth which was, I probably did a lot more than that than I should have done but that was really my passion and my main skill set. Terrible at the financial management aspects of it.  You know, so, Abigail is just much better at all of that stuff and he's great at public representation and as I said, he's very passionate about social change which is is really my main interest and priority, you know, as well. He came up with my title which is a little bit long which is the director of Model Fidelity and Consulting. So he came up with that title because he wants the program to stay connected to the model and so it's my job to assist people, to support people as they attempt to do the program and stay in fidelity to the model and then I do consulting work with John Hancock and various national organizations and so forth. So that opportunity to work closely with him and really I was very honored at our fundraiser that we had that Abigail recognized me and said that, you know, that he saw me as someone who was dedicated to helping people who don't look like myself and I was honored to be recognized for that. Right, and yet you said you thought it was important at this time to have a person of color leading the organization. Could you talk a little bit more about why that's important, why you think it's important now? Well, I think it's always important, it was always important.  I understood poverty to a degree. I understood racism to a degree. I didn't live it. Right, that's different. And it is different and so that is important and just, you know, how decisions are made and who's going to, you know, in terms of, you know, trying to develop a national model which is what Teen Empowerment is, it was very difficult because, and we kind of discussed this, a lot of the national models, the folks who begin those models come from backgrounds that give them a lot of privilege, that gave them a lot of resources and a lot of access to decision makers. It doesn't mean their programs are not good, their programs are great, but they had that opportunity to get the visibility and the support they need, being white and connected. Being white in itself does not give you those connections, so I didn't, I didn't come with that, that level of privilege, you know, my, as I said, my father owned a restaurant, he worked 16 hours a day as a working class guy. Not connected to a lot of corporations. Not connected to, well, he actually died when I was 21, so if you, you know, so that, that, there was that loss as well. So, so you have one kind of opportunity or pathway for, for tremendous growth, which is what I just talked about, and then the other is through, you know, being connected in the community and having access to decision makers and people of means through that pathway. That wasn't you. That was not me. I get it.  And now we might have hired somebody who was not a person of color, you know, and who could have been great, you know, as well. So I just want to be clear about that. Abergal was absolutely the best person that we saw of any color or background. So he wasn't hired because he's an African American, because he comes from Boston. And that was part of what was figured into it. But, you know, he had a whole set of skills and understandings. And as I said, passion for social change that really qualified him more than qualified him for the job. We only have a couple of minutes, but you talked about your own passion for social justice and social change. And just in the little time we have, what's it been like now that you have a little more time? I mean, I know you're still working at Teen Empowerment, but you have more time. You're not exactly retired. But what's that like? And what opportunities do you see for yourself and perhaps others? Well, I have the opportunity to continue to be engaged. And I have a band called Stanley and the Undercovers, which plays classic rock music, which takes up some of my time. And I've done a series of fundraisers. I'm doing this process now called Dance for Dignity. And we have one on March 14th at the UU Church in Arlington. And what the dances for dignity are. And that's a Saturday. That's a Saturday. We say the day of the weekend, the day at seven o'clock. Right. And you can find it on Facebook, that evening. So that's something you couldn't have done perhaps if you were still working full-time as the executive director of Teen Empowerment. You have a little more time on your hands. Right. And the purpose of those is to raise money for immigrant rights, to help people who are facing detention, deportation, and also to help asylum seekers who, you know, host families. So we're trying to raise $25,000 with this process and people who want to sponsor it. If you're interested in sponsorships, you know, please get in touch with me. So in this extra time in your non-retirement, sort of retirement, I don't know, what would you call it? Well, I mean, I think I have more choice about how to use my time. You have more choice, yeah. I'm very busy. I'm not quite as busy as I was before, but I'm pretty close to as busy as I was before. So you have, so do you have any thoughts, just what is it like to have that extra time? You know, I mean, this is what you're actually doing, but how does that show up when you wake up in the morning, for instance? I wake up later. That's one thing. And, you know, it's, I think I don't have to run out of the house as much as really, and the thing that really became very old was working at night. And I don't do a lot of those. Also, I don't do things that I don't want to do.  Most of it I did, but there were things that I didn't enjoy, and I don't have to do those anymore. So that's great. That's great. Yeah. Well, I think what you're saying is there are a lot of people, more and more, as baby boomers retire or work less, that are going to have opportunities to follow their passions. Absolutely. And I think one of the things that you're a model of, and I hope other people can learn from you and others who are, if not full-time retired, but at least have some more time on their hands, is how to, you know, make the world a little bit better place so those words, life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness can hopefully be more than just words. Yeah, absolutely. And I really appreciate not only what you have done, but you are doing the transitions you make. And I hope people will continue to support not only teen empowerment, but the work you're doing for immigrants and asylum seekers. So thanks a lot Stanley. It's really great to have you here. Thanks, Michael. And may you live a long life and have many more opportunities to do this. Yeah, you too. Thanks a lot. Okay. So that's it for today, and I hope you enjoyed meeting Stanley Pollock, and we'll look forward to seeing others in the future. Thank you very much. Again, this is Michael Jacoby Brown, and this program is We Hold These Truths. Thank you very much, and we'll see you next week.


From around the globe, it's theCUBE. Presenting FutureCloud, one event, a world of opportunities. Proud to you by Cisco. We're here with Vjoy Pandey, a VP of emerging tech and incubations at Cisco. Vjoy, good to see you, welcome. Good to see you as well. Thank you Dave, and pleasure to be here. So in 2020, we kind of had to redefine the notion of agility when it came to digital business. Or you know, organizations, they had to rethink their concept of agility and business resilience. What are you seeing in terms of how companies are thinking about their operations in this sort of new abnormal context? Yeah, I think that's a great question. I think what we're seeing is that pretty much the application is the center of the universe. And if you think about it, the application is actually driving brand recognition and the brand experience and the brand value. So the example I like to give is, think about a banking app, pre-COVID, that did everything that you would expect it to do. But if you wanted to withdraw cash from your bank, you would actually have to go to the ATM and punch in some numbers and then look at your screen and go through a process and then finally withdraw cash. Think about what that would do in a post pandemic era where people are trying to go contactless. And so in a situation like this, the digitization efforts that all of these companies are going through and the modernization and the automation is what is driving brand recognition, brand trust and brand experience. Yeah, so I was going to ask you when I heard you say that, I was going to say, well, hasn't it always been about the application, but it's different now, isn't it? So I wanted you to talk more about how the application experience is changing. Yes, as a result of this new digital mandate, but how should organizations think about optimizing those experiences in this new world? Absolutely, and I think, yes, it's always been about the application, but it's becoming the center of the universe right now because all interactions with customers and consumers and even businesses are happening through that application. So if the application is unreliable or if the application is not available, is untrusted, insecure, there's a problem. There's a problem with the brand, with the company and the trust that consumers and customers have with our company. So if you think about an application developer, the weight he or she is carrying on their shoulders is tremendous because you're thinking about rolling features quickly to be competitive. That's the only way to be competitive in this world.  You need to think about security and trust. Am I, as a customer, a consumer, willing to put my data in that application? So velocity, availability, security and trust and all of that depends on the developer. So the experience, the security, the trust, the feature velocity is what is driving the brand experience now. So are those two tensions, let's say agility and trust, zero trust used to be a buzzword now. It's a mandate, but are those two vectors counterposed? Can they be merged into one and not affect each other? Does the question make sense, right? Security usually handcuffs my speed, but how do you address that? Yeah, that's a good question. I think if you think about it today, that's the way things are. And if you think about this developer, all they want to do is run fast because they want to build those features out and they're going to pick and choose the APIs and services that matter to them and build out their app. And they want the complexities of the infrastructure and security and trust to be handled by somebody else. It's not that they don't care about it, but they want that abstraction so that it's handled by somebody else. And typically within an organization we've seen in the past, where there's friction between NetOps, SecOps, ITOps and the cloud platform teams and the developer on one side. And these frictions and these meetings and toil actually take a toll on the developer. And that's why companies and apps and developers are not as agile as they would like to be. So I think, but it doesn't have to be that way. So I think if there was something that would allow a developer to pick and choose, discover the APIs that they would like to use, connect those APIs in a very simple manner and then be able to scale them out and be able to secure them. And in fact, not just secure them during the runtime when it's deployed, but right off the bat when they fire up that IDE and start developing the application, wouldn't that be nice? And as you do that, there is a smooth transition between that discovery, connectivity and ease of consumption and security with the ITOps, NetOps, SecOps teams and CSOS to ensure that they're not doing something that their organization won't allow them to do in a very seamless manner. I want to come back and talk about security, but I want to add another complexity before we do that. So for a lot of organizations, I mean the public cloud became a staple of keeping the lights on during the pandemic, but it brings new complexities and differences in terms of latency, security, which I want to come back to, deployment models, et cetera. So what are the some of the specific networking challenges that you've seen with the cloud native architectures? How are you addressing those? Yeah, in fact, if you think about cloud to me, that is a different way of saying a distributed system. And if you think about a distributed system, what is at the center of that distributed system is the network. So my favorite comment here is that the network is the runtime for all distributed systems and modern applications. And that is true because if you think about where things are today, like you said, there's cloud assets that a developer might use. In the banking example that I gave earlier, I mean, if you want to build a contactless app so that you get verified, a customer gets verified on the app, they walk over to the ATM and they withdraw cash without touching that ATM. In that kind of an example, you're touching the mobile iOS, let's say iOS APIs, you're touching cloud APIs where the backend might sit, you're touching on-prem APIs, maybe it's an Oracle database or a mainframe, even where transactional data exists. You're touching branch APIs where the ATM actually exists and then needs to be consistency when you withdraw cash and you're carrying all of this and in fact, there might be customer data sitting in Salesforce somewhere. So it's cloud APIs, it's on-prem, it's branch, it's SaaS, it's mobile and you need to bring all of these things together and over time, you'll see more and more of these APIs coming from various SaaS providers. So it's not just cloud providers, but SaaS providers that the developer has to use. And so this complexity is very, very real and this complexity is across the wide open internet. So the application is built across this wide open internet. So the problems of discoverability, the problems of being able to simply connect these APIs and manage the data flow across these APIs, the problems of consistency of policy and consumption because all of these APIs have their own nuances and what they mean, what the arguments mean and what the API actually means. How do you make it consistent and easy for the developer? That is the networking problem. And that is the problem of building out this network, making traffic engineering easy, making policy easy, making scale out, scale down easy. All of that are networking problems. And so we are solving those problems at Cisco. Yeah, the internet is a new private network, but it's not always so private. So I want to come back to security. You know, I often say that the security model of building a moat, you dig the moat, you get the hardened castle, that's just outdated now. The queen is left her castle, I always say, and it's dangerous out there. And the point is, and you touched on this, it's a huge decentralized system and with distributed apps and data, that notion of perimeter security, it's just no longer valid. So I wonder if you could talk more about how you're thinking about this problem and you definitely addressed some of that in your earlier comments, but what are you specifically doing to address this and how do you see it evolving? Yeah, I mean, that's a very important point. I mean, I think if you think about again, the wide open internet being the runtime for all modern applications, what is perimeter security in this new world? I mean, it's, to me, it boils down to securing an API because again, going with that running example of this contactless cash withdrawal feature for a bank, the API, wherever it sits, on-prem, branch, SaaS, cloud, iOS, Android, doesn't matter. That API is your new security perimeter and the data object that it's trying to access is also the new security perimeter. So if you can secure API to API communication and API to data object communication, you should be good. So that is the new frontier, but guess what? Software is buggy. Everybody's software, I'm not saying Cisco software, everybody's software is buggy. Software is buggy, humans are not reliable and so things mature, things change, things evolve over time, so there needs to be defense in depth. So you need to secure at the API layer, add the data object layer, but you also need to secure at every layer below it so that you have good defense in depth if any layer in between is not working out properly. So for us, that means ensuring API to API communication, not just during runtime, when the app has been deployed and is running, but during deployment and also during the development lifecycle. So as soon as the developer launches an IDE, they should be able to figure out that this API is security use is reputable, it is compliant to my organization's needs because it is hosted, let's say from Germany and my organization wants APIs to be used only if they're being hosted out of Germany. So compliance needs and security needs and reputation, is it available all the time? Is it secure? And being able to provide that feedback all the time between the security teams and the developer teams in a very seamless real-time manner is again, that's something that we're trying to solve through some of the services that we're trying to produce in services called. Yeah, I mean, that layered approach that you're talking about is critical because every layer has some vulnerability and so you've got to protect that with some depth. In terms of thinking about security, how should we think about where Cisco's primary value add is? I mean, there's parts of the interview, you guys have great security business, it's a growing business. Is it your intention to add value across the entire value chain? I mean, obviously you can't do everything, so you've got to partner, but how should we think about Cisco's role? You know, over the next, I'm thinking longer term, over the next decade. Yeah, I mean, I think so we do come in with good strength from the runtime side of the house. So if you think about the security aspects that we have in play today, there's a significant set of assets that we have around user security, around with Duo and Passwordless, we have significant assets in runtime security. I mean, the entire portfolio that Cisco brings to the table is around runtime security, the secure X aspects around posture and policy that we bring to the table. And as you see Cisco evolve over time, you will see us shifting left. I mean, I know it's an overused term, but that is where security is moving towards. And so that is where API security and data security are moving towards. So learning what we have during runtime, because again, runtime is where you learn what's available. And that's where you can apply all of the ML and AI models to figure out what works, what doesn't. Taking those learnings, taking those catalogs, taking that reputation database and moving it into the deployment and development life cycle and making sure that that's part of that entire dev to deploy to runtime chain is what you will see Cisco do over time. That's fantastic, phenomenal perspectives. Vijay, thanks for coming on theCUBE. Great to have you and look forward to having you again. Absolutely, thank you, pleasure to be here. All right, this is Dave Vellante for theCUBE. Thank you for watching.


Everybody forced here ripping 21 22 and T basketball hobby you four bucks full case number six Picker team style Ammo has the spurs bojabee Grizzlies Derek C Hawks Eric W magic Frank L calves Harper B Mavs Lakers Thunder Hornets Hung Jay Warriors hung wide Nets Isaac L Nuggets Jason F Celtics Jackie W. Jazz Jim J. Heat Kaho s sixers Kevin G. Bucks lane with the Pacers and Clippers mark with the Wizards Nicholas T. Kings Noah H Suns Oren has the Pelicans and Blazers Sean M Raptors Shazeed Bulls Shigunori you pistons T-chan Nick's Wing C T Wolves and Yip with the Rockets. Thanks everyone for joining. Good luck Last case of the daytime guys Brad starting at 5 p.m. Eastern. I think you just walked in the door Breaking Brad has entered the building everybody so Here comes you missed a monster He pulled a triple auto redemption of Luca Stefan Trey And then he pulled a giddy-true RPA like the box right after it Yeah, so I'm gonna pull a logo man on that Brad Got one today Right last daytime case guys Brad is in the building. Let's finish up so we can get ready You got a rocket to 75 John Wall printing plates I'm a column for the Blazers the standard one-to-one from iMac Triple Jersey Cavs rookie Evan Mobley to 99 Nice Rockets game use patch Charles Barkley to 25. That's awesome and three-color Barkley patch Sir Chuck Championship Chuck is Brad calling Redemption treasured SIGs Dirk Novitsky Nice Dirk you go Mavericks. That'll be awesome Got the first stamped Charles Bassie true RPA that is one of 99 For these sixers nice Bassie Kings rookie triple Jersey Davion Mitchell to 99 Jersey card Pelicans Brandon Ingram to 99 Spurs legend hit here Tony Parker auto to 99 Lonzo ball pelicans Validating marks auto to 25 nice Lonzo Pelicans Lonzo was from last year's NT. That's why it moving on Guys, I'll drop the schedule link for you. Make sure you're grabbing your spots for tonight Brad is live About an hour and a half from right now Ripping NT a little bit of prism and NT mixers and then just a lot of NT breaks guys, so Donors Optic football releases Friday as well Big few days here a lot more NT tomorrow as well if you're looking for a style You don't see on the site or it's sold out today. Check the schedule for the next few days Nuggets to 99 Nicola Jokic base parallel that is a rookie printing plate Anthony Edwards from the war Nice Edwards for the T-Wolves Thunder Biography materials James Harden thunder James Harden Jersey. I Still can't believe they had Russ Harden KD Lost in one final that one finals appearance patch card Pacers miles Turner to 25 Turner colossal rookie Jersey auto Clippers Brandon Boston jr. To 99 redemption Pistons rookie patch auto Isaiah livers Pistons true RPA there Blasting legacies patch auto nuggets Monte Morris to 99 Jazz Carlos boozer auto to 49. It's weird not seeing him as a calf Jazz Carlos you guys saw bulls boozer and one of the products to Jersey card Bulls Patrick Williams to 99 and rookie Jersey Brooklyn day run sharp to 99 All right two more boxes. Come on. Let's see a monster. Yeah, let's pull logo, man Some guys are just there. Oh, yeah, I think that he was one of the guys they didn't let the team didn't want to pitch in That is Van Vleet to 75 Raptors Radsboy Vleet would Mac printing plate Nick's Immanuel quickly out of Flawless championship tag printing plate nice Jersey card the big fundamental Tim Duncan Spurs patch card Rudy Gay to 25 redemption PJ Washington jr. Hornets, right PJ Washington jr. He's there but I'm not the same has he Hornets, I don't know why I don't know what I'm thinking of Hornets Colossal material six PJ Washington jr. To 75 RPA red 75th anniversary thunder Josh giddy boom Do we are pulling a ton of giddy Yeah, big card. Okay. See another one Jersey card Rockets Dennis Schroeder to 99 we pulled every single parallel pull all the parallels 25 or higher. Yeah No, not brown Pulled most of them Jersey card pistons Killian Hayes the 99 the rookies So all the vets will be game-worn the rookies will not be Mark Aguirre auto 505 pistons. I don't think the rookies are player-worn either We'll see next one Run the recap will pick one out That's five of five there and it'll be topping Jersey out of nix to 99 You go nicks. All right big hit on the back here. We go guys last box daytime No, no booklets and NT basketball Got D'Angelo Russell to 99 T wolves printing plate bulls looks like Patrick Williams. It is it's from iMac from last year Patrick Williams bulls Mavericks Jersey card Jason Kidd the 99 dual patch Bulls rookie. I had to assume mood at 25 Three colors on both patches for the bulls Very nice hit here back-to-back MVP the Jersey auto for the nuggets clutch factor Nicola Yoke it's to 49 sick hit nugs That is awesome. We'll get that mag for you, of course 47 to 49 Finally some ink of this guy Bobly clutch factor rookie patch auto boom Cleveland to 25 What a hit for the last box of daytime Three color calves patch going out to Frank L First mobly auto. We've seen today That's gorgeous Huge clutch factors back-to-back Jersey card bucks drew holiday to 99 Jersey card Rockets Christian wood to 99 Nicks auto Jerry Lucas to 25 And we're gonna end the day with a one-of-one great last box here Pelicans one out of a one Jonas Valentunis definitive ink Heck yeah, great way to end the day You go pelicans Valentunis one-of-one and that is gonna do it. Let's do a quick recap They were all taken I think to sell Here we go with the recap That relics drew holiday Christian wood Iota soon moved Jason kid Killian Hayes Dennis Schroeder Rudy gay Tim Duncan day run sharp Patrick Williams Myles Turner James Harden as a thunder Davion Mitchell Brandon Ingram Charles Barkley Rockets game use patch That's pretty sick Evan Mobley Good break for the great break for the Cavs. I should say you got Jerry Lucas These are all the autos now obi top in Mark Aguire as a piston PJ Washington jr. Hornets redemption Tony Parker Carlos boozer jazz Monte Morris Brandon Boston jr. Lonzo for the pelicans That is from the previous year's NT as a labor's RPA redemption pistons Maverick redemption dirt in a vitsky treasured SIGs RPA Charles Bassey one of 99 sixers definitive ink one-of-one auto Jonas Jonas Valentunis pelicans Clutch factor Jersey signature Nicola Jokic nuggets to 49 RPA 75th anniversary Josh Giddy Congrats Thunder and Clutch factor rookie patch auto Evan Mobley Cavs at 25 Very nice last case of daytime guys breaking Brad's coming up in just a bit to talk to you here in a second


All right, we have this thermodynamic connection formula, which will turn out to be very useful in the future that relates the internal energy to the partition function, if we already know what the partition function is. And just as a quick recap of where this came from, because it's going to be useful again in this video lecture, we made a connection between the thermodynamic energy, which we wrote as related to the microscopic energy, which is the average of all the individual energies multiplied by their Boltzmann factors, and then connected that. We did some work to find out that this summation can be written as a derivative of the partition function, and then that itself we could turn into this later expression. So here's the key result, but we can do this same process for other thermodynamic properties other than the energy. So for example, we can do that for the entropy. So if we remember the microscopic definition of the entropy as sum of probability, log probability for all the different states of the system multiplied by negative Boltzmann's constant. Again if we use Boltzmann to tell us what these probabilities are, this is going to look like the probabilities are 1 over q e to the minus energy over kT. Same thing is true for this probability as well as this probability. So I've got log of 1 over q e to the minus energy over kT. So it's log of that entire thing. So far so good. That's a little bit of a mess. We can clean it up a little bit. In particular the log of this quotient, log of the exponential divided by q, I can write that as leaving the first part alone. I've got negative log of q and positive log of the exponential, but of course log of an exponential is just the exponent. So I've got a minus eI over kT as the log of the exponential. So I've done two things here. I broke up this log of A over B as log of A minus log of B, and I've also written the log of the exponential as just the exponent. So if I now have two terms inside the brackets, so if I multiply each of those terms by this 1 over q e to the minus energy over kT inside the sum, so that gives me two different sums. I can cancel all these negative signs, so this negative sign cancels each of those negative signs, and I've got a positive k and a 1 over q and a sum of an exponential times log q. That's the first term, and I've got the same thing, positive k 1 over q exponential times energy over kT inside the sum, so energy over kT, e to the minus energy over kT. So I've got two separate sums. I've got the sum of these terms, and I've also separately got the sum of these terms. If I simplify each one of those a little bit further, this log q doesn't involve any i, so I can pull that outside the sum. So the first term is I've got 1k times 1 over q times log q times the sum of these Boltzmann factors, e to the minus energy over kT. And the second term, the only thing I can pull out is the 1 over kT. I've got a k outside and a 1 over k inside, so those cancel, and I have 1 over q, 1 over t, sum of energies times e to the minus energies over kT. So each of those terms now we can do something useful with. Notice this sum, this is just a sum of Boltzmann factors. By definition, the sum of the Boltzmann factors is q. This quantity is q. So that q inside the sum will cancel this entire sum, which is equal to q. We'll cancel the q in the denominator right here, so that simplifies that first term quite a bit. The second term, I don't have a sum of Boltzmann factors. I have a sum of energies times Boltzmann factors. But from the work we did in calculating the thermodynamic connection formula for the energy, we found that the sum of energies times Boltzmann factors, that is kT squared times d q dt. So I can rewrite it the same way here. And what I'm left with is after the q's cancel, I've got k log q for the first term. And in the second term, I've still got the 1 over q, 1 over t, and the sum of e energy times e to the minus energy over kT becomes kT squared dq dt. One last bit of cancellation. I have a t in the denominator, t squared in the numerator, so that one of those factors of t cancels. And also, again, just as before, we have a 1 over q d, q dt that we ended up rewriting as derivative of log q dt, derivative of log is 1 over. And then Chain Rule tells us that we also need the derivative of q. So this 1 over q dq dt, I'm going to take that portion of it, I'm going to rewrite it as d log q dt. So the final result is k log q. After the cancellation of t's, I've got a kT. And then 1 over q dq dt becomes derivative of log q with respect to t. So that's all the result that I've gotten for calculating what the entropy is. And now I've converted my microscopic definition of the entropy. Entropy in terms of knowing what each of the probabilities are for each of the individual states that I'm interested in. After all this simplification, I'm down to what we call a thermodynamic connection formula. All I need to know now is an expression for the partition function. If I have a closed form expression for the partition function, then I can just calculate the entropy directly from the partition function. So now we've seen not only a thermodynamic connection formula for the energy, but also one for entropy. And we have one more to calculate that we'll do in the next video lecture.


This is a Witchspace Special Report, I'm CMDR Buur A fair few months ago, before the details of the Fleet Carrier functionality were fully known, the team behind the Fleetcom Elite Dangerous Community and organisers of the Distant Worlds Expeditions began formulating a plan to test the viability of the new carriers as the basis of a support mechanism for explorers, travellers or anybody out in the wider galactic arena. With the announcement of more carrier details in the March livestream and then the initial public beta test of the system in April, a better idea of the carrier's eventual functionality could be gained and the plan began to coalesce into what is now the DSSA or Deep Space Support Array. Like any good emergent gameplay plan, it is quite simple in form but complex and challenging in execution. It also has far reaching consequences for the future of the Elite Dangerous Galaxy literally and figuratively. The plan, which has no end point and no time scale for its execution, calls for a network of support carriers to be placed throughout the galaxy with at least one carrier being placed in each galactic region. Some regions towards the core even have a specification for up to four carriers because of the star density and depth of the galaxy at those points. Each carrier will have a minimum repair facility on board pitched at a reasonable price but modules fitted to the carrier over and above that are optional should the owner of the massive vessel so desire and any carriers loaned to the initiative will serve for a minimum of one year staying in a fixed location. The effort of moving and maintaining a carrier so far away from literally everything else in Elite Dangerous is no small task for anyone and it's expected and indeed encouraged that the movement of a single individual carrier be a community event in and of itself. Indeed Commander Eagle 131 of our very own Burpit Squadron is donating a carrier to the effort and as I speak these words is in the early stages of planning group mining operations to fuel the carrier before it leaves and recruiting willing souls to travel out with the carrier once they launch into the game. As it builds the arrays locations will be added as galactic mapping project points of interest and added to the Elite Dangerous star map and it's also expected to be the basis of the Distant Worlds 3 expedition. It's even anticipated that with the expected future expansions in the game the DSSA initiative could be the start at least of a greater colonization of the rest of the galaxy with the eventual establishment of linked ground installations and other facilities going forward. When finished there will be over 50 of these carriers permanently stationed at least one in every region of the galaxy. A singular community event within the Galaxy of Elite Dangerous that is itself made up of individual community events the deep space support array is without a doubt one of the most epic undertakings in the history of Elite a game with already more than its fair share of epic undertakings. The Elite Dangerous Galaxy is a huge place it will always be a huge place but with the installation of the DSSA it will mean that any explorer that wishes to make use of the network will be free to do so gaining a respite from the unending black of the void and finding themselves slightly less alone if only for a short while. If you want to lend a hand or indeed a carrier to the initiative you can get involved via the links in the description below the carrier system itself is expected to launch into the game in June and carriers looking to join the array will start leaving Colonia and the bubble almost immediately thereafter. That's it for now thanks very much for watching we'll be back later this week with more videos until then 07 Commanders follow the Greens on the way out and do keep clear of the toast rack we very much look forward to seeing you next time.


G'day, my name's Dan. Welcome to the Net Network and thanks for watching. Today, I'm going to be having a look at Google Voice Search For many Australians, things like voice activation, voice search and voice dialing can be a total frustration Talking to Suri drives me crazy. It just doesn't understand my accent and many other Australians accents but recently I gave Google Voice Search another go and I can tell you what I was extremely surprised with the outcome. Google Voice Search is one of the best voice activated things I've ever used. It understands my accent, it understands my mumbling, the full works, and it even works in the car So I'm just going to give it a couple of goes now England Sydney restaurants Tattoos Wagga Wagga Now as you can see I was eventually able to confuse it but I can't tell you how impressed I am with this new version of Google Voice Search. Try it out for yourself and stay watching for more videos


So we're here at Optoma here at CES 2018 and hi so who are you? I'm Billy Harrison product manager for mainstream video projectors and Optoma is a world leader in 4k projectors right now right? Yes sure is since June we have shipped more 4k projectors than any other vendor by a margin of five to one. Five times more than Acer? Five times more than anyone else. And BenQ and all the other guys and so right here this is the latest one so you had the UHD 60 which is $19.99 and this is right this is UHD 50 it is designed with the new Texas Instruments DMD. The goal is to make 4k more accessible so we have a new price point of $14.99. So actually it's like a lower cost of 4k even? Right right but has many advantages. UHD 60 had one HDMI 2.0 port. UHD 50 has two ports of HDMI 2.0 it is still 4k UHD 8.3 million pixels meets the CTA requirement for 4k UHD has HDR by way of HDR10 support for DCI-P3 wide color gamut there is 15% vertical lens shift which we have across our entire 4k line and a 1.3 zoom. And a 123 zoom? The zoom is a 1.3 zoom. 1.3 all right so so actually it's even better than the UHD 60? In some respect yes with the two HDMI ports. How about the brightness? Brightness is 2400 lumens UHD 60 is at 3000. So it's a little less? Yeah so if you still prefer to have a brighter image then you could go to UHD 60 but here we have 2400 lumens and an RGB RGB color wheel and as you can see you can even still view the image with ambient light. Is it the same size as the UHD 60? UHD 60 was 19 inches wide this this unit is down to 14 inches wide.  It's not as deep by two inches and it weighs five pounds less. So wow it's smaller more less weight five hundred dollars cheaper. Yep and in some sense it's portable because it's easier to move around the house. You can move it from a living room to a bedroom to a den. Is there any chance this might be 999 by the end of the year? That's a little difficult to say at this point. Black Friday? We're just shipping so we'll have to wait and see how things work out. And then you have another one over there. Right sure that's our UHD 51 which will be the world's first Alexa enabled projector. All right so it has the same quality in terms of all the projection and everything. Yes it is also 2400 lumens, 500,000 in contrast ratio, a 15% vertical lens shift, a 1.3 zoom, RGB color wheel and then of course HDR with HDR10 wide color gamma support. Optima always does 1.3 zoom right now. Also the 1080p's is like is it because the lens is... No no it actually varies. We have 1080p projectors from 1.1 all the way up actually to 1.6 zoom and the UHD 60 and 65 have a 1.6 zoom. 1.6 is that more expensive? Oh yeah of course right. Any time you have a larger zoom you have a more complicated lens. So larger zoom means a bigger image. Right a bigger image at the same throw distance yes. So here's 1.3 both of them right? Right. All right so you need to put them a little bit further back to get the same size image. You could depending on the image size that you're looking at. Well that's actually not true here because we have a different throw ratio here. We have a shorter throw ratio here which will allow this projector to be used in small to medium size rooms. And so where? With UHD 60 and 65 you did need to have a medium to a large size room. So how does it work? How can you trigger it? Say hey Alexa. So here I will give you a demonstration. Right. Alexa turned off living room. Alexa turned off living room. Okay. Alexa change input to HDMI 2 on projector. Okay. And here we have we have moved from the onboard media player to the HDMI 2 port and we have a 4k UHD Samsung Blu-ray player that's connected. So it's doing all that it's connected to the Ethernet here so the other one doesn't have Ethernet right? Correct. So here's the Ethernet port and there will be wireless for the Alexa Alexa. Yeah. Skills can be utilized. And here's the USB host port because this is actually a smart projector. It has Android. Yes. Can you show how it looks? See the Android operating system. An Android OS which features a built-in media player. So actually it's possible to install Netflix. Not to install any apps. It is the base OS that we've used versus using some kind of custom Linux kernel. The Android operating system allowed us a fast time to market in terms of introducing Alexa smart home and custom skills. But so not to installing apps for sure. Not for installing apps. All right. And any chance who will integrate with Google Assistant 2 or only Amazon? We are in the progress studying for Google Home and will release more information in the future. And this is only $200 more than the other one right? Right. $14.99, $16.99. And otherwise it's exactly the same brightness, the throw ratio and everything. Right. Color gamut support, HDR, zoom and and lens shift.  Is it gonna like it's gonna be huge right? Because the best way to experience 4K. We'll continue to grow right? We were the first company to have a 4K HDR projector below $2,000 and we're one of the first to have a projector at $14.99. So the goal here is better pricing, more accessible, larger market share.


Hi, good morning, and welcome to today's products and focus US 30 once again posted yet another positive candle is still currently positive. They bring us up to 29 sessions with only three down days And it still grinds on ever higher as the data commit the US yesterday. That was not so bad And we do actually have a fair host of data coming in today. We've got UK GDP we've got us durable goods and Employment claims which should add a little bit of extra color to those markets as ever I've got to say that we are approaching that all-time high again, which is round about 17 895 Support remains at 17 738 in the middle two ranges right now if we burst through 17 898 You probably got to be thinking about the psychological round number of 18,000 and after that 20,000 things continue to go quite well Looking at the UK 100 67 71 looks to be the potential Resistance you can see this was acting as support back here in the middle of September And we failed to break through it there on Friday. We had a doge formation there on Monday More in decision again on Tuesday. I'll be at this is quite a Decent technical signal from a psychology point of view You know, we were down here we close pretty much bang on there And we are slightly in positive territory today and the Germany 30s I can quite bullish as well this morning looking at the day-to-day charts is closing in on 9,900. So 67 71 is a level to be technicals are overbought, but that's not surprising considering the trend That's currently in play Japan to do five nothing else really to report here over above what we've said before 17 496 remains a potential resistance more consolidation We're just waiting for either a failure to break resistance or a technical breakout targeting 18 306 So looking at a dollar YEM We seem to be also unable to break fresh ground. So Looking at the bottom these tips right here go around about 17.36 Sorry could be potential support been unable to break a little bit higher in fact I'm gonna add those levels in there Just so I can see a little more clearly. These are short-term Support levels are not as significant as the other ones that I've kind of drawn on here But we are trading in the middle of quite a tight range at 117 spot 36 to 180, but maybe basically 119 But there's lots of fundamentals around the yen that's stopping this from pushing up higher but if we get good jobal goods and Decent unemployment claims that will be the real test They come out really good and dollar yen still isn't able to shift up a gear that probably shows that the This kind of rally that we've had since August last year might be coming to a bit of it might be At the top of this range anyway, I wouldn't say coming to an end But it looks like it's going to struggle to break through that something a little bit more significant So looking at cruel West Texas again OPEC meeting coming up today on Thursday in fact Things looking a little bit unlikely for any change. We are trading below 75 next potential support level as a 70 spot 41 we've talked about crude oil many times over these daily videos The fundamentals haven't drastically changed and as you can see there We might have short-term potential support run about 73 spot 38 But this is the pressure is still there. I has not managed to rebound on that Chinese rate cuts So I don't think there's much hope for crude oil in the short term Gold in the middle of two ranges. This still remains kind of unexciting for me to be honest 1186 support resistance at 1218. So finishing up with the other FX pairs So we did bounce on your dollar of support one spot 2367 We're coming up close to 21 period SMA. Obviously the next potential resistance is a bit higher 125 spot 79 While we're in the middle of two ranges if you're not already in this trade It's you know, your dog doesn't have a lot of love to give at the moment But you know what the core levels are Technicles are still completely neutral. So it really could I Could go either way But you do have those durable goods and employment claims today, which could act as a slight catalyst I don't know if you've got anything else today as well. You actually have the housing index in the US and Of course at Wednesdays, you've got crude oil inventories as well Which could be significant for your crude oil positions and the previous couple of products that we looked at So that is your dollar and we finish up with GBP USD again another another retrace move back up to 5743 This is the potential resistance in play. We are making a consolidated move right here. We are making a series of lower Sorry higher lows on the candles Which could be indicative of a re-challenge right here So those macroeconomic announcements that we mentioned could be interesting. Obviously with UK GDP today as well You've got a kind of a double whammy to look out for If we fast-forward on the Thursday You can see we've got a German CPI so that could be interesting for your dollar traders And that's pretty much it and if we fast-forward on to Friday, we do have UK house price details right there from nationwide month-to-month and Eurozone CPI so still probably FX focused with us there is still grinding weight long long All-time highs. It's kind of hard to instigate brand new trades on on that one But in the FX world GBP USD you do have this potential pivot level there 5743 And obviously your dollar if we get a little bit closer to those significant support resistance levels That could be kind of interesting as well As I ever keep you eye on the chart forum lots of cool trade setups here from our global analyst team Make sure you make insights part of your layout and join me again tomorrow to find out what happened next


Words at war Give a signal to the enemy here. This will teach you your swine Stop it. Stop it.  What's wrong with that? He's a traitor He's set fire to the haystack look at shape like an arrow and points to the factory If you kill him now, how are we going to find out who his accomplices are in this stout? Why couldn't you have shot him in the leg you fool? Why don't you use your brain? I I was only trying to do my duty. I saw never mind what you saw. Let's get him to hospital immediately There they come They saw the signal to be back tomorrow night And then it'll be all over for us. Let's get to here bomber at once National Broadcasting Company in cooperation with the council on books and wartime Presents another of the most widely discussed programs in America words at war Dramatizing the most representative books to come out of this great world conflict tonight Albert Molz's new novel about Germany the cross and the arrow Dramatized for radio by Ben Kagan Hey, Obama, I'm commissar care Gestapo. Yes, come in commissar. I've been expecting you And now I'll give you the background of the case. We make medium tanks here and turn them out like rolls We used to be in Dusseldorf, but the bombings got too hot. So we'll move seven months ago As you'll see tomorrow. We're situated in the wood all around us is farming community our Comouflage people have done a first-rate job in eight months There've been British planes over here, but always after another objective But tonight our worker here tried to signal the plane. Oh, my dear Commissar, I have no intention of keeping it a secret from you on the east edge of the factory There's a farm the owner is a widow for our link Her hay is recently been cut the saboteur named vagler pile a in an arrow pointing toward the factory And the planes came over he touched it off It so happens our SS men were close by on patrol the woman link yelled We got there in time to douse the fire before it burned too long Do you think the British planes spotted the fire? I don't know, but we have to act on that possibility Naturally, we'll take all protective measures, but meanwhile if they didn't see the arrow There's danger that the scum working with vagler will try again. That's why you're here Do you know for a fact that the saboteur is part of a group? No, I assume it was there anyone with him tonight Not that we know you've examined him. He's in the hospital with a bullock in his gut Who knows if he'll ever be able to talk to him bad Well, I want vagler's record, of course in the record of every friend of his in the factory What about the farm woman she and vagler were going to be married That's how vagler came to be on her farm in the first place woman who betrayed him. Yes What reason I haven't talked to her there hasn't been time besides she was hysterical She ought to be ready for questioning now good by the way When do you suppose you're able to talk to vagler? I don't know. He's still unconscious I've left instructions with dr. Soda at the hospital Let me know as soon as he comes out of the anesthetic It seems the doctor isn't sure yet whether vagler will live Do you know of any reason why vagler would have wanted to see the factory destroyed by the British? Is there any personal motivation? None as a matter of fact only yesterday He was awarded a medal for being the best type of German worker and he had ever reason for hating the British His wife was killed in an air raid and his son died in the Battle of Norfolk. I see all right here bummer and I shall proceed at once Nurse nurse what is vagler's temperature now 99 dr. Soda up a few points Take his pulse every half hour nurse really now as though every hour weren't enough damn it woman Will you do as I say we must bring him out of the ether quickly? Yes, sir It's not that I mind only I don't like to see you lose your calm A doctor should be calm What happens to a patient when a doctor isn't calm? He dies. He dies.  Yes, sir The drip infusion is to continue. You might be putting some wet gauze on his lips. Yes, very well Now you take care of him properly. You must be in condition to talk by morning What will happen? I'm waking up. I've been asleep No, no, I've been sick pain in my belly. I remember now The elite guard the flash of moonlight on the rifle barrel. I Must be in the factory hospital. I'm wounded and trapped As soon as they find out I'm conscious. They'll be after me to talk Bauma will come We'll want to know who my accomplices were We'll want to know why I signaled the British planes They will force me to talk There is a solution. I must kill myself quickly The only thing I have to do is rip off the bandage But then How will I know how will I know if the British planes are the arrow? I Must know I Must remain alive Well nurse he hasn't stirred Pulse 105 no septicemia peculiar very peculiar could it be a cranial injury doctor I don't see any signs of it, but I don't quite understand this extended unconsciousness Look at him. He lies there like a log doesn't even stir Nurse I want you to look at him every 15 minutes and call me the instant he comes to So they think I have a skull injury good The only thing I have to do is lie like a log as the doctor expressed it If only the throbbing in the belly would stop It will be hard this way No mistake about that But it must be done Not a sound shall escape from my lips not a sound Dear God make the British planes come Make them come tonight Help me think of something. I must not give in to this pain Proudling come in sit down You have my deepest admiration what you did tonight earns the gratitude of every German my name is commissar care What about the man vaguer commissar? He's in the hospital here. He's all right. They operated. We don't know yet What will happen if he gets well? He'll be executed for treason, of course Very good still it must be hard on you on me Why should I care we're going to be married weren't you I? No such thing a complete mistake sir to him. I See Well, tell me what happened tonight Well, I was in bed Something woke me up. I don't know what then I saw him through the window running in the field So I yelled to him the window was open, but he didn't stop I could see that he was doing something with the hay, but I didn't know what I Ran outside he wouldn't talk to me and when I tried to stop him. He knocked me down Then when he began to pour the kerosene on the hay I understood what he was doing I Saw the way at the hay piled I mean I ran toward the fire and yelled he ran after me with a pitchfork He wanted to kill me That's all nothing more that you can think of anything he ever said that would be a clue No, oh you haven't been frank with me. I think I know why a Simple honest woman like you the Gestapo Commissar seems a strange man. You mustn't be afraid. I the Gestapo Commissar I'm relying on you to help me You know vaguely and you can tell me about him. You're going to be married to him. No, I told you before He was an acquaintance very good. You want me to consider your link with a trader very good. I will Some reason you're denying what everybody knows if you knew vaguely that you were lovers that you intended to be married Oh, goodness sake woman was you called the guards and save the factory. Why are you lying now? Perhaps I'll have to be two customers for the axe Max isn't particular.  He was at my house tonight Then he left I thought to go home to the barracks I went to my room then I saw him like I told you the rest is just how I say why did he do it? That's what I want to know why He told me he was going to do something Something important. He said I asked him what but he wouldn't tell he said we were both guilty because of the pole guilty What does that mean? That's what he said It sounds crazy to me. Who's the pole on my farm a prisoner. He works for me now. I bought him vaguely was mixed up with the pole Hey, no, we couldn't have been I've only had the polls since two nights ago. There was no time Oh in that case. Why did he say he was guilty? That's what I don't know I've been thinking all night. I think he was crazy. Yes Why do you think so to do a thing like that? He had no reason. How do you know we had no reason? Oh, he was always patriotic. You suspected nothing. He never said anything. You think I wouldn't have reported the slightest thing Did he ever criticize the party leaders? Oh, no, no, sir You mean he didn't even criticize labor front leader bowmer vagler wanted to work on your farm, didn't he? What did he say when he was refused permission? He hardly ever spoke of it He just told me that he was called for the army. Oh, he didn't want to go to the army surely He's no youngster. He only told me tonight. I Don't know what he felt he was just talking crazy. Like I said, so you think vagler was crazy and that's why he set off the signal He had no accomplices. Yes, sir. He must have been crazy to do a thing like that. That's the only explanation. I know No, I want you to wake him. I'm sorry It's this way balma. I might give him a strict an injection But it might but just listen a moment, please. I promise you I'll do as you say but listen to the facts first The strict man might bring him to consciousness, but it might also kill him I'll take it but he might die before he's had a chance to talk Still unconscious doctor Incredible Well, we'll try the well, it won't do any good doctor.  She'll tell you fouling my betrothed Who betrayed me Not for her the arrow of burning hay would have blazed up and hampered.  How did I get you're broken like a robber? That's how broke in I suppose you don't remember I Didn't mean it. I was drunk my mind's a blank. Oh Yes, I know you men pigs every one please. I'm so sorry. I'll leave right away Only tell me where I am in my farmhouse.  What could I break there the glass? Oh, well, don't worry.   I How did I kill him? How should I know how you killed him? You did then you came into my kitchen and broke the glass and spread yourself out on the floor and slept your all night I'll pay of course. I'll pay. I'm an honest man.  I went back to the farmhouse and paid Then I went to her farm again We talked Where do you come from here vaguely the doodled off? Ah Doodled off You have a family I suppose.    Why do you turn yourself into such a beast?  I don't know it's possible Bomber tells me they have already begun to build fortifications and some guns are coming in this morning So range, please. Yes, I can see them from here Because if the whole factory is out there digging Here you are doctor. I must hold still mustn't move Think of something else That night in front of the farmhouse when better than I discussed our coming marriage What a night Smell the air Willy. Yes, it's beautiful Listen to me better. I want to tell you something. I am listening Let's get married There you go again. I told you we must get permission from my son Rudy Legally he owns this farm and he must approve what if he says no Anyway, it's crazy for two grown-up people to ask a boy of 18 for permission to marry He won't say no, then why don't we get married now that I can't do really after all my own son In decency. I have to let him know beforehand I've just explained the law to you. We are hereditary peasants. I understand the law But what if your boy does say no he won't I promise you don't answer me better I say let's get married. You think I need this form to support you.  Whatever they are worry Why who worries you do that's no use lying to me. I Wish you could get another job That terrible hammer you work with all day. It's enough to drive a man crazy You know better. I've started thinking the same thing myself. I I don't like the hammer so much anymore It seems harder now. Well, never mind Willie Soon we'll get married, won't we and then you'll come and live on the farm That's what I was thinking For another little while better. I guess I can't stick it out and then he came home a son Rudy Yes, mama So wonderful me Certainly was especially this champagne.   We We want to get married. I assure you Now you want to get married. Hey, Willie Well, well, well, Rudy, please say yes now you're leaving tonight.  Well, I care likely send me to the front and I get killed. Oh, no, it don't say things like that But listen, I want one thing understood. I Run the farm what I say go absolutely. I give you my hand Oh, isn't it wonderful Willie now you'll be able to leave your job in the factory and come to work on the farm What you wanted all your life Willie. Oh, I can hardly believe it Better better wake up. I have to talk to you. Oh What's the matter? Did anything happen to Rudy? No, no, he took the train better. Everything's turned rotten. You and I We want to make a good life together. Yes I used to think we could live on this farm like like it was an island away from everybody And now we can't why what happened to tonight. We had a celebration So it's so nice to drink champagne before decent cigarettes and Rudy your son brought you presents perfume night gowns Sweater and what if I'll tell you how Rudy got them better as Rudy told me when he was drunk As she was a rich French woman who he said she lived outside a small town She had an estate with a large farm the day before the trucks were to come and take away the grain She burned down the farm. So Rudy was sent with the others to arrest her They didn't wait for anyone to open the door. They broke it down Woman ran out of bed at her nightgown a pink one like the one you're wearing Then Rudy's corporal who was in charge told the woman she was under arrest He didn't say anything Only she asked the corporal if she could have a few minutes to get dressed He told her yes, then when she went into her room the corporal called the men together Listen, he said this is how Rudy told me that woman is going to be shot this morning Why should we let her go to her death? I'm happy you suffer yourself. She's all right Where we have some fun with her so they all lined up stop it stop it then before they took her away The soldiers went to her closet the corporal told them help yourselves boys So that's how a German mother got a fine sweater and two nightgowns in a bottle of perfume What do you want me to say Willie? It isn't women who make war don't understand belt It's not just war itself But Rudy wasn't ashamed Rudy was proud Rudy was proud Listen to me better. There's rottenness here When Rudy was telling me his story laughing the way he did I wanted to kill him this rottenness. I won't live with I won't live with it I'm a decent man Your name is Baronsky. Yes, sir Stefan Bironsky now then Baronsky you have any knowledge of vageless motivation for setting that fire Did they have any Confederates that you know about did you see anyone with him? No, sir He himself alone came to the bar and talked to me vageless spoke to you. What about? He wanted me to escape sir But I wouldn't you're lying. No, sir. I swear it. He came to me in the barn go on. He He spoke to me through the little window First he gave me a cigarette, but I told him it was forbidden to for me to smoke then he He said he would write a letter for me to my home, but I said it was forbidden, sir come to the escape. Yes, sir then he Said he would break open the barn doors for me any night He said he would bring me clothes and and some money and his own police card, sir So why didn't you escape? It's forbidden to escape sir. I see and did he tell you why he wanted to do all this for you. No, sir Just that he wanted To help me sir. Did you know him someplace before? No, sir. Did he ever speak to you before two nights ago? No, sir. Why did he want to help you then for your good looks? I don't know sir. You don't know now. Of course. You don't know. He was crazy. That's why crazy as a bed bug Try to tell you better. I tried Really, it's all arranged. I've written to the labor front leader in your factory and in a few days You'll be transferred to the farm Well darling, don't you have anything to say better? Who is in the barn in the barn? Why a pole of course is to work for me 17 marks How can you how can you even say it you bought a man about that you paid money for a human being But these are prisoners besides. I'm a farmer Willie. You're not if I don't meet my quotas They'll take away my farm you want that I want I Want you to take back the pole take him back.  I already paid for him Should I return the pole and let my head rock? Yes. Yes. Oh sure how easy it is for you to talk It isn't your farm. What do you care? But I do care better darling take the pole back. Please. I beg you I'll work for you at night on Sundays when I'm transferred better listen to me. Listen to me This is your responsibility to we're to be married or a member and I'm not to blame for the war. I didn't start it No, I don't really blame you better You just didn't understand When you betrayed me You were only doing something that's been bred into you Well Willie what did the labor front leader say when can we get married better? Have not to be transferred to the farm. You're not a Well in a few months maybe better. They've called me for the army.  I have something to do. What do you have to do? What are you talking about? I have something to do a deed you don't make sense Willie It's like I mean what Rudy did you see I'm guilty too. It's like I brought you the sweater myself I've been part of it. I make tanks and you've been part of it too with a farm in the pole We're all guilty. I think you're drunk. We're swine better They've turned us all into swine Now they want me to volunteer for the army More war they want more killings and more sweaters and more people to sell in the village at 17 marks. I Won't do it. I stopped here right now. I stopped Somebody has to say no to them. Well, what do you do better? Will you help me? Oh? You're crazy. Oh, you're tired What are you doing? What are you doing with a kerosene? Willie come back here. Will a wonder what time it is It's dark Soon they'll come your god.   He confessed. Oh, I heard it was being learned Well, confidentially, I heard it too But how would it look for the morale of the factory if they told us beggar did it? Yes That makes sense. Of course So now they're executing the pole and the whole incident will soon be forgotten unless the British planes saw the signal Yeah, that would be too bad Well, let's go watch the fun, huh? They're here. All this will be wiped out My signal was seen Now the only thing I have to do is rip off the bandage It will be all over my deed has been accomplished Maybe there will be others Others who will follow but we've brought you Albert Maltz's novel the cross and the arrow adapted for radio by Ben Kagan the cast included Louis van Rooton as hair vagler Dorothy Francis as Frowling Ed Begley as commissar care and Reese Taylor as hair bomber The music was arranged and played by William Meadier production Garnet Garrison Next week words at war will present the radio dramatization of the scapegoats of history based upon a YMCA pamphlet by Kenneth M. Gould and the history of bigotry in the US by Gustavus Myers This series of programs is brought to you in cooperation with the council on books in wartime by the national Broadcasting company and the independent radio stations associated with the NBC network Jack Costello speaking. This is the national broadcasting company