this term a of xn plus sum of log of that d phi t of Xi. All right, and so now what I'm claiming is that what's in the inside this exponent? Is it essentially some fluctuations? Because you see this a term is the integral of a certain Okay, let me retrace my steps a little bit. I want to modify this term a little bit So I look at this term this a and I observe that what I'm integrating here is a function so I have x minus psi of y over x minus y which is actually regular if psi is say c1 or c2 because When x goes to y this will go to the derivative of psi So this function is actually regular But I'm integrating in the complement of the diagonal So what I can do is I can put back the diagonal and write it as let me call it c hat of xy the fluct of x fluct of y plus the Diagonal terms that or minus the diagonal terms that I put in there and you can check It's not too difficult that those diagonal terms are going to be related to the derivatives At at the point so with a plus or a minus I don't remember Yeah, so it should be this Okay, and that psi hat is just this function Psi of x minus psi of y Divided by x minus y All right, so what's what's happening to this term? This term is actually going to go together with the Jacobian because if I Linerize again that of d phi t phi t is identity plus C prime Identity plus tip C prime So when I linearize the log that when 1d the data I Just get some of psi primes so This can again be rewritten As the expectation of something where I'm going to get 1 minus beta over 2 The sum of the C prime I with a t So this is what the term should give If I'm not mistaken with the signs and then I get this guy Plus T So it comes with a minus beta over 2 So still in the exponent times T Times this term. Let me call it B double integral of psi hat D-flug D-flug Okay, so now I'm claiming that I can evaluate those terms The first term you see here. I'm summing a certain function against Dirac masses right, so I can write this first term as Exponential 1 minus beta over 2 Times T times the integral of C prime Against the equilibrium measure and that would come with an N Because that's my approximation of Some of the Dirac's So I can take this out of the integral And then inside the expectation I can put back the fluctuation With a minus so this one will have a minus I think Okay, so you see when I compute C prime against the fluctuation I regain this term minus the term I took out of the integral so this is computable and The other one is here. It's also computable. All right, so my claim is that Everything that's in the expectation is actually negligible or it will be like one And that the leading term is this one that just came out So we have to look at what's inside the expectation it's the exponential moments of some integrals of fluctuations and Now I remind you what we proved yesterday we proved that if I have a test function and I integrate it against the fluctuation I can control this essentially by the integral of fn plus n over d log n to the power one-half and in addition the exponential moments of Fn plus n log n. I always control them By n so this is exactly what I need here because I'm dealing with Something against the fluctuation So something regular enough so that's if phi is lip sheets And here I have a t. All right, so what is going to be the size of this guy? well Let's say I can bound it by root n typically in exponential moments, so the exponential of This t, c prime fluct I will be able to bound by Tn, is that what I want? No, sorry, so I would say square root of n so this thing I essentially control it by Something that's like square root of n and when t is of order Like order tau over n if you remember I had to take t of order tau over n This goes to zero So this term actually does not contribute Once you take its expectation And then we have the second term a second term. I'm trying to look at Exponential moments of something of the form t times some constant times this double integral of psi hat of xy Deflect of x Deflect of y But now I can use again this This this control I can use it twice, right? I'm integrating twice So I can expect that this is going to be controlled by c Fn plus n over d log n Because here I have a square root and I use it twice So it's going to make it appear with a square and the exponential moments of that I control By n, but here I have a t So the the log of this sorry, I should take the logs This is a log There's a log So the log of this expectation I finally bound by Tn But he is of order 1 over n So this is of order 1 okay, so This is the end of the computation now We retrace our steps and we look at what we've done. We've computed the ratio of the partition functions We've obtained some term here that is explicit that comes out of the integral Multiplied by so this term by the way since Tn if of order 1 this is of order 1 multiplied by something whose Expectation is essentially of order 1 Okay, so we plug that back into the computation of the Laplace transform And we remember that the ratio of these partition functions up to Some constant factor is the Laplace transform of the fluctuations So we have obtained the first step that the Laplace transform is of order 1 independent of n is bounded independently of n but so That means I control the exponential moments of any fluctuation Instead of controlling it here by n If the if the test function is regular enough, I have upgraded this into a control by C So this is this is not good, but what I have upgraded and I should find my eraser Upgraded things into saying that exponential moments of Something like this Thanks to the computation of this ratio of partition functions is bounded by a constant if C is regular enough Okay, but now I can bootstrap this Information I can go back to my calculation This term I already knew it was small it was contributing one over root n anyway But the other term that was troubling me. I had a control by an order of a constant, but now I can upgrade this and since I have Essentially something of the form of exponential moments of a fluctuation. It's essentially of that form But he has a T in front so the log of that it's going to be bounded by CT and This is like C over n and so it goes to zero and that finishes my proof because Once I put everything all the pieces together. I find that this term I can treat it as one and The Laplace transform of the fluctuations. I have computed them explicitly the The the the log of them is going to converge. So this is going to be exponential mc sorry exponential tau times mc. This is my Original term and so I have found that the log of the expectation Flux times C Is behaving like so if you remember there was a variance term Which was like that? And there is this tau mc Plus little o of 1 and this is exactly what we needed to prove convergence to a Gaussian To a Gaussian So at this point if you have infinite regularity on C you can actually bootstrap this procedure And you can obtain a rate of convergence. So all these convergences You can make them You can sort of input the information you already got on the convergence of the exponential moments of the fluctuation to explicitly describe what happens and obtain an expansion in all orders of 1 over n and The other thing is that as Gaétan was mentioning in his in his talk in fact computing Laplace transforms of fluctuations or computing ratios of partition functions. We've seen it's essentially the same and so if you want you can also obtain Expansions of the ratio of partition functions for two different potentials By applying this method and if you have as Much regularity as you want you'll be able to expand in powers of 1 over n. So this is what Gaétan Borot and Alice Guionnet have done with an approach which is Philosophically similar but technically a little bit different Okay, so I said that I have cheated because I have presented the proof to you in 1d In fact, if you're in if you're in 2d It's not It's not going as smoothly and the place where it's difficult is when you're trying to compute the difference of the of the Energies So I don't know if you remember at one point. I was having to compute something like this right you want to compute evaluate the difference between the energy of of a system I have particles of Charges and the transported system where you move you move everything by phi t so in one day I have used the explicit form of F in this form to to evaluate this This difference and to linearize it in t obtaining these terms that involve this psi of x minus psi of y over x minus y But if you do that in 2d the equivalent terms is Basically is going to be a psi of x minus psi of y scalar with x minus y Divided by x minus y squared and this term is not continuous. So There's rotations that happen near the diagonal so it's not It's not convenient to do it this way instead what we do is we resort to the formulation in terms of the electric Potentials that I presented yesterday. So you express things in terms of a difference of something like this Minus the original one And you evaluate this difference and in the end to prove that the corresponding term that comes here is negligible you You call the expansion of the partition function So you have two ways of computing the expansion of the partition function one way is to To compute the ratio in this way, but we have another way of computing it So if you want the KN Vt divided by KN V naught has an expansion The log of it has an expansion up to CN That I mentioned in the first lecture with a constant here that is a little bit explicit and This is obtained by our other result with Toma Loble that I will present tomorrow So borrowing from that result and this expansion and the explicit dependence of C In the equilibrium measure you have another way of computing this and it allows you to show that this This harmful term is actually well controlled Okay, so I think it's it would be a good time to stop if I remember I may have some additional comments, but I Think I quoted everybody It's a good time for lunch. Thank you Any questions before lunch? Yes, I Think it I don't think it works, but we can we can try to talk about it I mean typically the terms that you're obtained you're going to obtain in they're going to look like Signs and cosines near when you look near the diagonal. Yeah Yeah, yeah, that's that's an interesting thought, but okay I'm not sure it would work, but we can we can talk about it. Okay, so tomorrow. Yeah, maybe I'll say tomorrow I will completely switch From this topic and and the goal will be to just describe a little bit the the large deviation principle that you can get for which the As a by-product you get this expansion of partition functions in in any D Okay, so if you didn't attend to today, which is not your case obviously You can still come tomorrow Okay, let's make Sylvia good


So we'll close the section on polynomial products by introducing a bad method for multiplying polynomials. If you want to do yourself a favor, skip this video. Still here? All right, you've been warned. So the key to multiplying polynomials is the distributive property applied as many times as necessary. And the key to remember is that every term in one factor must be multiplied by every term in the other factor. And as long as you remember this, you can also find polynomial products without drawing pictures. But why would you want to? And again, I'll give you one last chance to skip this video. Really? You're still here? Eh, well, you've been warned twice. So here is a bad method of multiplying polynomials. You might have been taught something called FOIL. And the idea here is that if I have a product like x plus a times x plus b, in order to perform this multiplication of every term in the first factor by every term in the second factor, what we can do is we can multiply our first terms together. That's x times x. What are called the outer terms together, x times b, are inner terms, a times x, and our last terms, a times b. And you can use this on the product of two binomials. Unfortunately, you can't actually use it on anything else. So 8x times x plus 7, this is not the product of two binomials. We can't use FOIL. x squared plus 3x plus 2 times 2x plus 5, this is not the product of two binomials, so we can't use FOIL. Is there anything we could use FOIL on? Sure, it has to be a product of two binomials. So, for example, x plus 3 times 2x plus 5. The thing to remember is that FOIL works in the very, very, very unusual situation where you have a problem where FOIL works. And if I was a kind and gentle math teacher, then every problem I gave you would be one that FOIL worked on. Unfortunately for you, I am neither kind nor gentle. So while FOIL does work in problems that are written to make use of FOIL, don't count on it to multiply two binomials. So again, remember FOIL is a bad method of multiplying two binomials. Nevertheless, there is still the expectation in certain circles that you'll be able to multiply two binomials using FOIL. So, here's a quick example. If I want to find the product x plus 3 times 2x plus 5, I'll multiply my first terms together. That's x by 2x. I'll multiply the outer terms together. That's x by 5. I'll multiply the inner terms 3 by 2x. And finally, I'll multiply the last terms together 3 by 5. And I'll find those products and collect like terms to simplify.


So I'm a senior degree artist for over like nine years. I'm working in Blender. I worked on different projects for movies, for games. I was studying biomedical engineering. We were having some classes, some lectures about Blender. I just started to dive deeper into it. Probably it was the movie industry that I really liked to watch different kind of movies, like Star Wars. And I was like, okay, I want to be able to do that one day. Right now I'm able and I'm doing that, so I'm super happy. That was my dream to come here. So already like seeing all the talks, all the people, that probably was the best thing to do.


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Molaptics in Hawaii, with Dennis Yasaki on Think Tech Hawaii. Today we'll be speaking with Sylvia Lou, Chair of the Powerful House Finance Committee. Sylvia, welcome to Think Tech Hawaii. And thank you for taking the time to speak with us. Aloha Dennis, and thank you for inviting me. I'd like to know how you overcame the language barrier as you came to America as a child, not speaking English, to getting your law degree in the community. Let's start with your childhood. Tell us about it. Yeah, so thanks for that question. I actually came to United States when I was nine years old and I couldn't speak a single word of English. And the funny thing was my dad taped papers all around the house. So there would be a letter A. When I go to the bathroom, there will be a letter A, would I apple on it or B with something? And all summer, that's what I did. And you showed up in first day of school and I didn't know what the teacher was saying other than maybe bits and pieces of words. And back then, even the bathrooms were spelled out, G-I-R-L-S, so I would have to follow people to just find a bathroom. But there was this special teacher who took time off after school every day to teach me how to speak English and learn English.  And that really showed me the Aloha spirit and taught me how great Hawaii was. Unfortunately, about seven years after I arrived here, my dad passed away and my mom was faced with no family and raising three young kids. And she was a strong church member. And so no matter how little we had, she took time off to go to church and take care of people who were sick or the elderly members. And we never felt we were in love or in need because we always grew up thinking that there was always somebody in need, there was always somebody who needed help. And so those things, now looking back when I first ran for office in 98, I think some of the lessons that my mom taught me was engraved in that about public service and needing to take care of others. Very good. Must have been a good teacher. And you said you didn't have to take ESL class. Funny thing, I was born here, yet in college, I sent me to ESL lab because I couldn't speak well. Okay, then on to college for you, you're going to become ASUH president. How did that happen? Right. So after I graduated from Roosevelt High School, right here in Honolulu, I paid for my own education because my mom didn't have that much money. So I went to UH Manawa. She told me, okay, you have to go to college, it's not an option, so I went. And even then I got involved in student government, I ran for ASUH senator, and I met some of my closest friends there. The late Congressman Mark Takai was a senator and other members who I still know and really like I actually met my husband in ASUH. And that was a really good experience. And that was, we actually went to the Capitol to lobby. One of Mark's really great accomplishment was convincing Governor Wahe that we could fit a 10,000 seat stadium, the basketball stadium at UH. UH was actually pushing for a 5,000 seater and Mark did the math and he did the rendition and we went down to the governor's office and we lobbied at the legislature. And after that meeting, the governor said, you know what, this year, I'm gonna market the year of the students. So in early years, I was able to experience what it was like to testify in front of the legislature. And I had a lot of high regards for many of the legislators who are key policymakers. And I think those were the things that also inspired me to go into public service. Oh, that's great. Is that the Stan Sheriffs Center you're talking about? Yes, it was the Stan Sheriffs Center.  And I know you were very close to Mark as well.  You know, he left us too early. Yes, he did. But you even ran against him and for you ASUH president, right? Yeah, that's the funny story. So he and I were senators and we were friends and it was just friendly. And then, but we both ran against each other to be US, I mean, ASUH president. And I only won by 20 votes. And we became really close after and, you know, regardless of our election, you know, we worked together. And he was one of the ones who encouraged me to run when I ran for the state house. He was elected in 1994. And he said, hey, you know what? We could really use your help to make some changes, internal changes and policy changes in the state house. So he inspired me to run in 98 and he helped in my first race as well. Okay, that's great. But he went out to become ASUH president also, right? Correct. So after I was ASUH president the following year, I encouraged him to run and he became ASUH president. Okay, would you support that? Yeah, yeah, I got the name. Well, also when you ate his first race for Congress. Okay, you know, we've got so many things on the table in the legislature. Where did we start? How are we financially? And, you know, yeah, start with that. So that's a really good question. So as you know, the last two years were really hard and just two years ago, we were looking at basically a $3 billion deficit. What helped the state was significant amount of federal assistance. So as you know, individuals receive stimulus funds and even unemployment, there were plus ups and there were additional assistance, even businesses got assistance. And because of that, it helped to sustain our economy for the next two years. But now what we're seeing is some of the fruits and the results of some of that infusion. So a lot of the activity we see now is the continuation, but now we have to continue to keep going, right? So now we came into the legislative session, not with a deficit, but we now saw a significant amount of revenue increase. So one of the things that the governor proposed was putting a billion dollars into the rainy day fund and that's something that the legislature disagreed because there are so many issues that we need to work on right now that needed to be addressed. So as you probably heard, we decided to dedicate about $600 million to fix the DHHL waitlist. There are still about 28,000 people on the waitlist and this is a obligation that the state has to meet to make sure that our native Hawaiian population has a place to live and place they can call home. And I know affordable housing is a big issue, not just for native Hawaiians, but throughout the entire state, especially on Kaua'i. So I think taking care of a segment of the population will also alleviate and address some of the affordable housing issues throughout. Since you mentioned the DHHL, of course they got their own leading them, you give them the money. They've been building subdivisions and the one in particular on Kaua'i been like a good five years, but they can no houses on them. So is that like money to build the houses and they got to qualify also, right, that the applicants? So how is that $600 million gonna help? Right. So out of the entire number of waitlisted individuals out of the 28,000, about half of that group already own a home. So we're really concentrating on those individuals who cannot afford to buy a home. So the $600 million is not just for lot development, but it could be used for rental assistance, mortgage assistance, down payment assistance. And some of the exciting things that could happen on Kaua'i especially is we understand that there are a lot of owners who are willing to sell their lots with infrastructure. I think the largest problem with DHHL is they are forced to build on some of the lands that are not developable. So for instance, they have out of the 200,000 acres of land that they have, there's about 65,000 acres that's in conservation. So why are we giving DHHL lands that they cannot develop already? So what we need to do is find land that they can develop and find land that already has infrastructure, which is going to put the $600 million into a lot of better use as opposed to all in lot development and infrastructure. Yeah, infrastructure is a big part of it even for our regular housing, which I'm leading to housing in general, like moderate income or what do we call it for the regular working class. Right, exactly. So whether you're on Kaua'i or Maui or Oahu, affordable housing is a big issue. And one of the things that we have to work on is infrastructure development. On Kaua'i, we have to make sure that there's sewer capacity, there's water capacity, and I think that's the part that the counties have a hard time with because there's not ever enough money. So as far as the state is concerned, and looking at some of the Build Back Better legislation passed by the federal government, we are looking at how do we partner with the counties in investing in some of these infrastructure work because as you know, the infrastructure costs adds about $200,000 to every home. And can you imagine if we can defray some of that cost, it would really help reduce the cost of housing. So I think we have to get creative. The other thing is we will be investing a significant amount this year, the house as a bill, especially working with your housing chair, Nady Nakamura, she is proposing about $150 million into workforce housing. So anybody who has 60% AMI or lower, that's a family of four making about $60,000 or $70,000, which is not that much. That population, there's always rental housing being built because developers can get federal credit or federal help. It's the 60% AMI to 120%, which is the workforce housing that is not being built. So we really need to concentrate on workforce housing because these are our teachers, these are our nurses, these are our firefighters, state and county workers, you know, entrepreneurs. So this is the population that we have to build for. So that will be the concentration this year. Very good. You know, they've always said like affordable housing includes up to 140% of the median income. It's to me, you know, calling the affordable is kind of misnomer. Exactly, exactly. And 140 AMI is a family of four making about $150,000. So we have to really concentrate on 60 to about 120 or less. So I think that's the concentration because, you know, the 140 and beyond, the developers will always find that market and develop for that population because they can afford it. But, you know, as far as state and county assistance, we have to focus on the workforce housing. Yeah, I'll just bring this up when you talk about housing. You gotta get the balance, you know, of workforce housing and affordable. A long time ago, the state used to, when we first started the Kapolei was on the HFDC board, we did the developers had to come up with a mix of a whole market and affordable. And the market would help subsidize the lower one. And they also had a whole bunch of, when they had the tax credits and the revolving funds, which I don't know how much you guys got in the revolving, but I think it's going up now, putting in more. Correct. So about a few years ago, we put about $200 million into rental housing revolving fund. We always support mixed use housing because they need to leverage the market housing to make up for some of the losses for the affordable units or the low income units. So anytime you have mixed use, it's always a good policy because you want a mixed community anyway, and you want economic diversity and you want different culture, different ethnic backgrounds to be in a same area. Yeah, right, that's a big problem. We got some organizations like Habitat for Humanity did doing a lot of the lower income and the Kauai housing agency did doing a lot too. Yeah, out of all the counties, Kauai has done an excellent job. So for instance, there are DHL lots and affordable housing lots where you put in sweat equity and it's the home ownership program. You put in sweat equity and make up for some of the monetary costs. So there are huge success stories on Kauai and that's why we love working with Kauai because things that if you try to do something on Oahu, it's just too costly and some areas are too dense and some areas don't have infrastructure but you have Kauai with a finite population and a land mass, you can do all kinds of stuff. So now we're looking at doing pilot project of doing teacher housing on Kauai as a model for the rest. And Kauai actually is the model for what to do with parks management because of what happened in Cayenne and thanks to the community and it was actually 30 years in the making and thanks to the work of the community and all of that becomes a model for the entire state. So Kauai has a lot to be proud of and it is the key driver and so the policy making that we do for the rest of the state. Yeah, thanks. I think it's a tight function with the state. Okay, it's switching gears now. gambling, what do you say on gambling? So gambling, every year there's some legislation that is introduced about gambling. In fact, just today on the floor, people are again discussing whether DHHL should have the authority to have casino gambling on DHHL a lot and it was really contested and there are a lot of debates. I think there's pros and cons but we will continue to have those discussion. I don't think the state is ready for it because even among legislators, there's a lot of dispute. I think, you know, as the Supreme Court allowed the pave the way for sports gambling, maybe it might be an avenue. It's not something that I think a lot of the high school sports and high school coaches are opposed to it because they are concerned about, you know, kids getting involved with that. So I think it might be, it's gonna take a while before a way of proves gambling. Well, I'm sure there's no back from gambling around here, right? Yeah. Okay, at a rail, do you see that possibly being a state function? No, absolutely not. Rail is not a state function and rail has to be the responsibility of the city and county of Honolulu. I look forward to 2030 when the rail tax expires and the city and county of Honolulu has to take responsibility for accountability and transparency over rail. So, yeah, rail cannot be a state function. What about the guys that say, well, look at harbors, you know, highways, they're all state functions, you know. That's transportation. Yeah, it's transportation, but, you know, it's as a state policy, it's something that the city and county approve and I don't think the rest of the state should bear the burden of a public works project. It's probably one of the largest public works project that city and county of Honolulu approve. It's a touchy subject. You may not wanna talk about it, but recently two legislators got arrested for corruption, basically. Right, right. What do you call it? You got any words to that? Yeah, I do. You know, we're very disappointed and we're outraged and shocked. I've been in the legislature for 24 years and we have never had a situation as bad as this where legislators, these two former, now former legislators receive cash payoffs. You think this is something that just happened in the mainland? It is really disappointing only because, you know, these are individuals we knew and we trusted and I think we now have to kind of take a look at the situation and say, hey, you know what, were there things that we could have done, whether it's strengthening ethics laws or making sure that we teach new elected legislators about some of these issues. But, you know, a lot of times if there are corruption, sometimes there's no amount of laws that could prevent that, right? You know, it's just individuals that made real bad choices. You know, unfortunately it clouds all elected officials and it clouds every candidate who runs for office. So whether, you know, you're running for office this might discourage people from getting involved.  But I think we just have to make sure that we continue to do our best to do the people's work and that's what we are caught upon to do. And, you know, as Financier, we give strict scrutiny to every bill that we pass to ensure that, hey, you know, it's for the public good and not for any personal interests.  It's kind of in their minds, they're like, they can just kind of be the end of it or, so, yeah, it kinda paints everybody with that brush.  Yeah, so there's always, you know, you can teach and make laws, but if somehow, you know, people wanna get around it and do some of these activities, even the Kialoa situation, I think, no amount of laws would have predicted that and then, and even, you know, if they're gonna do things, they're gonna do it. So I think what we have to do is make sure that everything that we do is for the public good. And I think for the public as well, there's always gonna be questions, right? Whether it's even in the council or even, you know, in the Kialoa situation, even legislators, or even like county workers, right? You always hear about county workers getting caught. I think it's really upon individuals to understand that they are elected for public good and they are elected to do the people's work. And there should be a message to every person and every candidate who is running. You are running to help people and you are running to make sure that you fulfill the trust given to you by the public. And I believe strongly that people have given me this responsibility and I take this responsibility seriously. Yeah, thanks for your input. We've got an audience question. Will small nuclear power plants be necessary for Hawaii too at the 100% clean energy, especially with electric vehicles becoming predominant? Any comments on that question? Yeah, so, you know, we have a goal of reaching our renewable energy goals by 2045. I don't know if the nuclear plant, if the state is ready for that, you know, I know we're having discussions about that. I think we still have a long way to go in making sure that we have clean energy. So we maximize EV transportation. There's also abilities in geothermal, there's abilities in ocean tech, there's other abilities. So I think nuclear has always been something in the back of our minds, but I don't think it has come to the forefront yet. Yeah, a while back when Kauai was hit with the bed, Hurricane understand that, you know, we had the possibility of using the nuclear sub to, you know, restart our power here, but the 10 mayors, you know, said thanks, but no thanks. But speaking about nuclear, a while back I spent a couple of days on the nuclear aircraft carrier, it had two nuclear reactors underneath and three million gallons of fuel. And, you know, you get thousands of sailors living on them. So, you know, by itself is not too bad. In a way, Kauai and more particular KICs leading the nation is not the world in renewable energy. So I think we're well on our way. Yeah, KIC actually is doing much better than any other counties. So Kauai has a lot to be proud of. Yeah, thanks. Okay, the big question. Why risk running for Lieutenant Governor when his head of the House Finance Committee, you hold the press strings now? Yeah, no, thank you for that question, Dennis. That's the number one question a lot of people ask me. One of the things that became really evident is that this is a $16 billion entity, $16 billion of taxes that we collect from you and $16 billion of taxes that we spend. And you cannot really entrust a $16 billion entity to someone who really doesn't know how to run government. And because I've been finance chair for the last 10 years, I get to see a lot of stuff, how departments work, where are some of the inefficiencies where we can improve, how we can work cohesively and concurrently with the legislative branch and the executive branch. And so as Lieutenant Governor, I see this role as really the bridge between the executive branch and the legislative branch to get a lot of things done. We have a lot of things set in motion, for instance, the $600 million DHHL. That's a huge opportunity, but there's always this risk that the state could blow it. We could blow this $600 million. We also have $300 million coming from the federal government to help with broadband access. And as you know, Dennis, in 2019, Kauai was without broadband for one whole day. That was crazy. So we have all these projects that the legislature has already done. And so instead of trying to bring somebody up to speed or educate them, I feel the best way for me to serve in the next step is bridge that gap, hit the ground running and get some of these things done, as opposed to just planning it, as opposed to thinking about it, educating it, just get it done. So that's why I'm running and I'm really excited about that opportunity. Yeah, well, along that lines, you know, it's great. But from what I understand, the lieutenant governor's job is largely what the governor gives him or her, right? Yeah. Other than name changes and stuff like that. So even that, I change how the finance committee works. So I actually push the envelope of finance committee. So I think Josh Green actually opened the door of what the lieutenant governor can do. So as lieutenant governor, I think it's an open book and it's a possibility for you to do all kinds of things.  I think it's an opportunity for us to have every person in public office to work hard every day for the public. And so I don't really think you should wait for the governor to assign you. Okay, we're running out of time now. We got a time for a quick closing statement. I do, I just want to say thanks Dennis for inviting me. You know, we come to Kauai all the time. We came this past year to look at some of the plots that are available for affordable housing. I bring the finance committee over to Kauai every other year just so that people on members from Oahu and Maui and Big Island can see how special Kauai is and so the projects. And I think for people to understand what is really going on, they have to go. And so I really appreciate being, you know, having this opportunity to talk to you and talk to the residents of Kauai. And I look forward to meeting every one of you. If you have any questions, reach out to me. Okay, thank you. Thank you. Yeah. We've been speaking with house finance committee chairs, Sylvia Luke. Thank you for watching Politics in Hawaii on Think.Kauai with the great staff and volunteers. If you'd like to show, please share it with your friends and consider contribution to Think.Kauai, a nonprofit corporation. I'm Dennis Isaki, Mahalo, Aloha, Abuiho, and Malama Pono.


Hello, my name is Angelo Staltzidis. I'm an assistant professor in post-harvest physiology working for the Department of Horticulture of the University of Georgia. I'm very happy to be part of these years at fruit school webinars and I'll be talking to you today about blueberry harvest and post-harvest handling. Let's start with the characteristics of blueberries. Blueberries have to be harvested when they're fully ripe for maximum flavor. As you probably all know, blueberries are highly perishable crops and their shelf life is often limited by increased rates of respiration, softening and water loss, loss of flavor that happens over time, mechanical damage that can occur during harvest, handling or shipping, and a decay that is attributed to many factors such as damage in the skin and high temperatures. Blueberries are high in antioxidants so consumers are increasingly willing to pay to get fresh blueberries. Let's talk about the respiration rates of blueberries and compare them with the respiration rates of other berries. As you can see highlighted in red, blueberries have fairly low respiration rates at both 32 and 67 degrees Fahrenheit. They are at a rate of six milliliters per kilogram hour at low temperatures but it increases more than tenfold at 67 degrees. That shows how important the temperature management is and how important it is to keep the fruit at the lowest safe temperature which is 32 Fahrenheit. If we compare it with other berries such as strawberries, blackberries, cranberries, you see there's a lot of variation. For example strawberries, raspberries and blackberries have high respiration rates and this is why they have a shorter shelf life. For the effluent production rates, on the very right you see the effluent production rates vary. They're very low but they range between 0.1 to 1 BPM. Let's talk about harvesting. You want to train your berry pickets very well and you want to make sure that they follow a number of guidelines in order for the fruit in the end to have the best quality possible. You want your berry pickers to keep their hands clean and to pick all the right berries from one bush before moving to the next one. They need to be trained to harvest only well ripened fruit and they have to leave the mature fruit on the plant for the next harvest. It's not advisable to pick berries that have a reddish tinge, reddish color and mix them with well ripened berries because this way you get a non-homogeneous harvest and then consumers will complain about the unripe berries that they will buy. They need to be placing their hand under the cluster to avoid dropping the berries to the ground. They need to avoid overfilling their hands and they shouldn't be squeezing or rolling the fruit. In general, they have to be very careful not to put any trash or any cold berries into the container. These have to be discarded in the field. You don't want to allow harvested fruit to remain in the sun. They should be moving them as quickly as possible to a shaded or cold location. Toads that are used for harvesting should be kept clean and sanitized daily. Some guidelines about the blueberry harvest and storage. You don't want to harvest when the plants are wet because of a morning dew or rain. However, it's advisable to harvest early in the morning or late in the day to take advantage of the lower temperatures. The harvesting should be done by gently teasing the berries of the bushes to reduce the splitting and bruising. You shouldn't be overfilling the containers or bins in order to reduce compression. Bruising is a big problem and it can occur in many points from the field all the way to the consumer's hands. You want to avoid mishandling the fruit. What is very important to mention, actually the most important thing is that cooling is the number one method of reducing respiration. By talking about respiration, we mean we reduce respiration. We reduce all the metabolic processes. We extend the shelf life of the product. So we're trying to start removing the field heat as quickly as possible if possible in the field when the berries come off the plant. Here are some pictures of how blueberry ripening progresses from pale green to reddish purple to dark purple all the way to dark blue. Obviously the more you move to the right, the better flavor and taste the berries will have. Some more harvest and storage guidelines. You want to pre-cool berries before packing only if these are being packed in a room that is of the same temperature or colder than the berries. We do that because we want to avoid temperature fluctuation at all costs. By fluctuating the temperature and increasing it after pre-cooling, what you get is condensation on the berries. This is not advisable at all because condensation on the berries will cause infections and then it will cause issues in the final quality. So it's advisable if you don't have the infrastructure to keep berries at a constant temperature all the way from the field to the consumer, not to pre-cool. However, the quality will be significantly lower compared to pre-cooled blueberries. It's important to continuously remove field heat from the berries in order to reduce aspiration and therefore decay and quality decline. It's better to pull cold air across berries in order to remove the field heat rather than blowing cold air at stacks of berries from above. You need to make sure you're using containers that have openings to allow for horizontal airflow through the berries. Once the berry temperature has been decreased to the target temperature, that temperature must be maintained all the way to the consumer. You don't want temperature fluctuations and condensation. Machine harvesting with labor shortages has been more and more affordable. However, there are issues you need to take into account when you decide if you're going to invest in such a harvesting method. The height of the berry fall will determine the bruising and how much of it you will get and we know that bruising affects storage life. The more you bruise the fruit, the shorter the shelf life will be. The machine harvesting is used for berries that can be going to processing and it's starting to be used for berries for fresh consumption more and more. There are a lot of differences between varieties and some varieties have bigger stem scars whereas some others are smaller and they are better for machine harvesting. You need to make sure you clean the machine often and remove the debris from it to avoid quality issues. In general, blueberries are less perishable than raspberries and strawberries. They last longer. This is why you see blueberries from other continents. You see blueberries here around from Latin America and you see that pretty much is a year-round crop like bananas for example. If storage is not possible, they can be stored at 41 degrees from two up to seven weeks depending on the cultivator. However, the recommended temperature is 32 degrees Fahrenheit plus or one plus or minus one degree. Internal bruising is a problem and you get it when you see a perfectly fine fruit on the outside. However, internally the fruit has been damaged and you see how it can progress from none other way to very severe on the very right. In general, the waxy bloom that those berries have is something that consumers are looking for. So you want to make sure that you reduce handling as much as possible to avoid removing that bloom from the berries. Here are pictures from the West Coast from California that show a hand harvesting operation of blueberries. The operation is a smaller one and there are a lot of issues I wanted to point out here. First of all, you see how those crates are placed on the ground and then subsequently some of them are stacked one on top of the other. This is an issue. You could have contamination from the ground and you could bring rocks or debris and you don't want that. Also, it's very possible that those berries are sitting in the sun for too long. So you need to have a shaded area nearby to protect the berries from the heat. Here what I'm talking about, they're stacking the berries, the crates that were on the ground, one on top of the other one on top of the other potentially causing food safety issues. Moving on here is how field totes are dumped onto the packing line. It's a conveyor belt moving and then sorting can be done either by hand by workers or it can be done mechanically with optical sorters. There are sorters that can look into the softness or the firmness if I may say of the berry and they will eject the berries that are too soft for packaging. So it's very important because when you have a very soft berry it will start leaking juices and then you will have these juice possibly contaminating the healthy berries around it. Here is how clamshells are filled. They're usually volume filled and then the lids are snapped closed. This is a bigger operation and then you can see here a smaller packing operation where there is someone handling the berries coming from the conveyor belt and the machine is closing the lids of those clamshells. Clamshells are then placed in flats and palletized and then it's very important for all berries to do quality assurance. This should start from the field. You need to be monitoring quality of the fruit for firmness, ripeness, decay incidents as well as other defects. You want to train your crew to make sure that they harvest only the berries that are ready to be harvested and they have no other quality issues and you need to give them incentives for better performance. So it's good to reward the good pickers to improve the overall quality of your harvested berries. Traceability has been very important for the large operations but it's moving even to smaller operations that I can see here in Georgia for example. Here's an example of a receiving area because often we have bottleneck situations where berries are waiting outside to be unloaded. So it's important to invest in a covered receiving area to avoid berries getting really hot from the sun. Again here is quality control. It's strawberries but it happens with all berries. You get quality control at the cooling facility and you have someone measuring the average size, the average weight and the average color of berries to make sure that they meet the minimum standards of the company. And here is a slide that summarizes the recommended storage conditions for fresh market blueberries. As I mentioned before the optimum temperature is 32 degrees Fahrenheit. The optimum relative humidity to avoid water loss is 90 to 95 percent. The rates of respiration of ethylene production are pretty low 0.1 to 1 microliter per kilogram hour at 41 Fahrenheit. And in general we know that blueberries are climactic fruit and they do respond to ethylene. However their flavor does not improve after harvest. So you want to harvest them ready to be eaten. You're not going to expect this to get an improved flavor by treating with ethylene. However removing ethylene from the storage air can reduce disease development. Controlled atmosphere storage can be used. Modified atmosphere packaging for shipments with levels of 15 to 20 percent CO2 and 5 to 10 percent oxygen has been shown to reduce growth of decay. It does reduce aspiration and softening rates and there are ways to cover whole pallets and create a modified atmosphere condition in those pallets. However it's important to mention once again that prompt cooling is a number one way of reducing losses after harvest and it should be done before any atmosphere modification is considered. Cooling. Now for cooling forced air cooling is the best way of cooling blueberries. You want to cool fruit at to 32 Fahrenheit as quickly as possible maintaining a relative humidity of 90 to 95 percent. This way you're going to reduce water loss, decay, perspiration rates and overall extend the post harvest shelf life. In ideal conditions and average good shelf life of blueberries could be up to four weeks. Here is an example of how a forced air cooling system works. You get the berries on a pallet and you get two stacks of pallets on both ends of this big fan. Then the tarp is rolled and the fan is sucking cold air through the berries cooling them down rapidly. It's important to refrigerate all the areas where the berries are sitting and that could be even the loading duct. So there's nothing that should be left at warm conditions because then you can have condensation on the berries because of the high humidity in the air and the temperature change. When berries are shipped across the country or in long distances it's good to provide support so they don't move around, they don't get bruised. And here are some results from work that was done a few years ago by Cecilia Nunes and you see blueberries stored at two different temperatures, 32 and 41 Fahrenheit for up to 14 days. On the y-axis you see the quality rating and the higher the number, the higher the quality rating or the higher incidence of this disorder depending on what we're looking at. So you see here how for berries that were stored at 41 degrees you had taste and aroma declining significantly faster compared to the berries stored at 32 Fahrenheit. And you know on the other hand the firmness had similar declines and so did shriveling. Shriveling increases were similar in both temperatures. Here is some data from a trial that was done a few years ago using Extent which is a product available online to extend the shelf life of blueberries by creating a modified atmosphere. You see this is not a very scientific as I may say survey. In general the higher the value you see the better the quality of the fruit they found. So they compared Extent with control and they had three different storage durations 15 days 28 days and 35 days and according to them to this study it was a small trial actually they found out that Extent was improving the overall quality of berries by reducing dehydration decay color was remaining in the better levels. Other was better in Extent actually was the same taste and salability were all higher in Extent treated fruit compared to control. But again it's a smaller trial so more work has to be done. This is a very interesting experiment that was done from North Carolina extension and it shows on the left the percent of decayed fruit in three different temperatures and you see on the X we have zero to 40 days of storage and on the Y axis we have zero to 100 percent decay fruit. So for fruit that was stored at 72 degrees about 12 days after harvest almost all of them were decaying. For 50 degrees stored fruit about 85 percent of the fruit had decay 18 days after harvest whereas for 34 Fahrenheit degrees stored fruit even after 40 days after harvest about 65 percent of this fruit had decay growing. So you can tell how big of a difference we see and how important it is to reduce the temperature to the lowest safe point. On the right you see the cooling crates for blueberries in forced air cooling versus steel air. So steel air is just sticking a box of berries in a cold room forced air cooling is performing the forced air cooling that I showed earlier. You see the temperature how it changes over time in minutes from zero to 120 so they did for up to two hours. For steel air they started at 75 and they barely went to 74 degrees after after two hours of storage in the cold room. However for forced air cooling they started from 75 and they went down to 58 degrees after about two hours of forced air cooling and you know you see how much more efficient and much more effective is forced air cooling in reducing the fruit temperature. I wanted to check what's going on with new harvesting options so I went online and I found that lately there is a new harvester developed by a professor in Oregon State University and it has a soft surface for catching the berries. The cost is pretty high it's about a quarter million dollars and according to him he's mentioning that machine harvested fruit with this soft catching system will have a similar quality as hand-picked fruit. In general they claim that about 75 percent of the harvest will make it through sorting which is very impressive for a machine harvesting. I'm going to touch upon methods for controlling decay as I said temperature management is very important so CA especially elevated CO2 can mitigate this problem biological control can be used. Irradiation has been used but not commercially ozone in air has been used but it's not being used commercially from what I know and so far the exciteification has been used for blueberry decay control. With that I'd like to thank you for your attention and I'll be happy for to answer any questions you can reach out to me via email. Thanks again for attending and have a good day. Bye.


All right, let's play this here. It's fairly short and That's it Now you have sent me some notes here. So the animation is still linear Nothing's flying out. You're saying that you know them Legs are the legs the arms are still moving at the end and you're gonna probably add a second chunk I was gonna say yes, and it needs a beat Boom boom, you know like another at least a second Yeah, I would say another second at least just to feel it comes to an end Where just the character can settle So in the body here and in the head it might you know, depending how you want to play this a bit of a role this way They can kind of overturn come back a bit, you know, these guys can swing to an end. It might even be a bit of a High legs out being relaxed depends of what you want to add but for sure it needs another beat But let me see you have also a couple questions. Let me just check those out and The first question is about your arms. So you had some problems with the arms popping and Cleaning them up a lot as you were focusing on this section of the animation there. I wondering if that's normal and It's really kind of depends if it's a you know in an FK mode Depending on the rig if you any of this it's going to influence your arm You can you can change that to IK But then the tricky thing is that when the body moves and you don't you're not careful Let's go to where the body moves here. So when the body moves Goes down here that arm could still be here and start to over extend that IK arm so there's pros and cons about You know IK FK which will be a future FNA because it is a pain Now you're asking is it better to hide the arms? You can you can absolutely and I do this sometimes too where I hide certain sections It is concentrated on something to really polish that or give it, you know, like a good Good pass. I think in your case it might be okay to do that The only thing I be careful in general when you hide arms is that let's pretend It's a big plop back and that arm will go from whatever here. It's a long arm to Swinging all the way over here Now imagine it does this big swing if that arm is you know on the heavier side is beefier arms talking again generally Then at this point that swing out here would pull the shoulder back this way as well And because of that pull here, it's going to rotate that chest around because it's pulling from here Right this pulls this way it's going to take that chest and rotate with a little bit of movement in that chest It's going to influence the hips because of the hips It's going to move the the knees a bit and maybe a tiny bit the feet So what I'm saying is that if you hide arms and just concentrate on this it might be fantastic And then you just move the arm But then it's going to feel like that arm swing has zero influence on the rest of the body I think it's okay as a first rough pass You do this to get the proper root weight and all the you know the impact and the end There's the weight of it and then you do the arms But then as a next pass make sure that well whatever arm movement you have that it's going to go back and influence the rest So there's always going to be a bit of a back and forth So that's about your question one and then your second question is because you do have Facial possibilities here. You're asking me if I am If you block the face at the same time you work the body or you wait to complete the body And then you focus on the face It really depends like the classic things that you do the body first and then the face because the body should read And that's just the icing on the cake Um for me. That's yes and no I usually do very rough hand poses and very rough facial poses mainly because There are a couple of things to this like sometimes people ask For a face cam where the camera is attached to the GoPro and you're going to see the face And they're critiquing things like that where they just want to see the face, you know straight to camera I'm not a massive fan about this because not that this shot Shows it but let's pretend he would sit down and roll over this way. We just see kind of the cameras You know technically behind the character, right? So the camera is looking this way in this but as he sits down he rolls over and he turns the head away We might only see up to here So I'm going to concentrate on this shape the most but then you get notes sometimes on this side as well Which is not really useful unless there's a big anatomical reasons of a jaw that would then move something behind the character hair I don't know what it is, but Usually I want to block things out Very roughly at the beginning again, that's just me. It's usually people do that at the end But I like to do it at the beginning very roughly because once I see something like that I can see that whatever blocked out blocked out roughly The speed of this it's going to tell me. Hmm. Do I need to push this later on? So you can read well or what I did is already enough But of course you can do this at the end I like to do those at the beginning because when the body is not moving at all I can just concentrate on the face. I can rotate the camera around. It's just I can see everything without This you know without this moving because then you might have to attach a camera to the head and so on and so on To me it's just a bit cleaner But then again every now and then I just want to really concentrate on the main body animation Especially something like this because it's a full body wide shot. The body language has to really work And then at the end, oh, let me just block out some some rough stuff Again, it just kind of depends on the workflow But I tend nowadays to do a very rough blocking pass first But nothing is moving in the scene and then that way I already have some rough Rough stuff in there, especially if someone goes from, you know, something very angry to Potentially very happy and that's a angry happy And I want to see That change how much does that change read on top of body animation? That's just kind of me You can you can do this however you want again the classic thing is body first and then a face at the end Now that being said I wonder if at the beginning We are almost a bit too far back I wonder if you want to start with You know a bit of a shoulder droop here Into this and you can there's something about where I would probably move that root just a bit further back And that way you have also a nice silhouette with your back arm So both arms could be behind the pelvis there This might be really stretching it, but you might as well push it because right now This is a bit of a bummer that the hand is right there and it kind of clogs up the silhouette there So or you start with potentially Fully profile with the body actually like this and hands are like that Um, so you have a reverse C curves. It's kind of big sigh going backwards Leading into this Let's kind of up to you. I think for this if you wanted to stick with that I would probably move the pelvis a bit more this way and the whole root Push that a bit more and then you can even stretch out the legs a bit more so the less bent And again, they will give you a bit more room Both arms to fall behind the body But again, this might be pushed much But I don't to me it would help also by straightening this leg. You will avoid The tangent there. I'm a picky about that stuff here where you got that that right where the shin is the tibia isn't it In terms of the weight It's cool. I'll be careful moving the chair because once you move the chair I want to see this move back with the chair. So now you have a sliding chair Where the root is not really involved. I do like interacting with the prop and moving that stuff around and you can even You imagine if he sits this far back, you can almost have a moment of the chair getting off the ground and then the legs are off the ground and It depends how far you want to push this but as of now I'm a bit concerned about the silhouette It feels slightly off balance because of that head being so far back I do like the timing of that you can then probably Have a bit of a little bit of bounce up and down on that roots Not much just a little bit and if for complexity you can imagine that also lands on one of these Sides first a bit of offset in the hip. So it's kind of like a one two That's just for the root to me there You could also argue that if that root is here and it droops it's a bit straight You can also just have a path of a bit like this As it leans backwards. So it's not so I k straight a bit of an arc boom into that I like this. I got that compression there The head as well. I think that's cool. But again, you need more time to swing that arm back and forward And then on on the screen right arm, it's a bit funky you have If it's if the characters, you know, if you start like this to me This seems tired or just really what have I done type of thing? And if it's just kind of plopping down and to me, this is too much of a counter It doesn't feel like the hands or just the arms are just hanging And a bit dragging and then boom on impact swinging back Right now it feels like it's a very deliberate move up And then pose wise it feels a bit too straight Like you're holding that straight for quite some time Which again feels very deliberate and doesn't feel quite like a loose arm swinging Especially the screen right one I do like the feet though that you have a bit more offset there It does feel there's a little bit of rotation in y which is cool and up this way But I would probably again x whatever your rotation is though I mean I see it here you can probably rotate sideways pivoting off one of the sides of the shoe For a bit more complex stuff here since he's leaning this way I don't know there's something about you have that again shoe Pivot off this side And then boom flatten on the way down Yeah, I mean the main thing when I watch this move this seems slightly Off Balance this is a bit of a bomber silhouette wise and we need a longer ending to finish that swing Uh, that is me dragging this around what am I doing here? And that arm felt a bit too held here versus a swing These are the immediate impressions that I had and everything else I've been talking about for 10 minutes It's just me rambling I was going to give you my thoughts You know the thought process of looking at this and also answer your question in your mail Uh, I hope that was a good answer or a helpful answer at least And if not, let's go back and forth through email But as always I wanted to answer this in the critique in case someone is watching this And is also curious about the answer and that is it. All right. Thank you All right, there's an email you can sign up you can start whenever you want you can submit whatever you want You get 16 submissions either way the like and subscribe would be awesome. All right. Thank you


Hello and welcome to the session. In this session we will discuss the application of laws of science and coscience. Laws of science and coscience are used in solving various real life problems like surveying problems, finding resultant force, finding distances, aviation problems etc. Let us consider the following example. Two boats A and B are sailing apart such that the angle between them is 72 degrees. Boat A sails for 6 miles and boat B sails for 11 miles. How far apart are the boats? Now let us draw its diagram. So we have boat A which has sailed for 6 miles and this is boat B which has sailed for 11 miles. And this angle formed is 72 degrees and let this be point C. And we have to find the distance between the two boats that is we have to find distance AB. Let us denote this distance by C. So we can see we have a triangle CAB with sides AC is equal to 6, BC is equal to 11 and angle C is equal to 72 degrees and we have to find side AB. So now we are given two sides and an included angle that is SAS is given. So we will use law of cosine equation that is C square is equal to A square plus B square minus of 2 into A into B into cos of angle C. Now we put the values of A which is equal to 11, B which is equal to 6, angle C which is equal to 72 degrees in this equation. And we get C square is equal to 11 square plus 6 square minus 2 into 11 into 6 into cos of 72 degrees. Which further implies that C square is equal to now 11 square is 121 plus 6 square that is 36 minus 2 into 11 into 6 that is equal to 132 into cos of 72 degrees. And using calculator we find the value of cos of 72 degrees as 0.309 this implies that C square is equal to 157 minus 132 into 0.309 that is equal to 40.78. Which further implies that C square is equal to 157 minus of 40.78 that is 116.22. Now taking positive square root we get the value of C as 10.78 approximately. So here C is approximately equal to 10.78 miles thus we can say that both are approximately 10.78 miles apart. Let us see one more example. A spectator watching a baseball game is sitting directly behind home plate in the last row of the upper deck of the stadium. The angle of depression to home plate is 31 degrees and the angle of depression to pitchers mount is 27 degrees. The distance between the home plate and the pitchers mount is 53.2 feet. How far is the spectator from the home plate? Let us draw its figure. Let point A be the home plate and point B be pitchers mount such that distance AB is equal to 53.2 feet. Let spectator be sitting at point C then this is the angle of depression to home plate and is equal to 31 degrees and this is angle of depression to pitchers mount and it is 27 degrees. We have to find distance AC and let us denote this distance by X. Now angle of depression is congruent to angle of elevation because they are alternate angles so we have angle B is equal to 27 degrees. Now CAB form a triangle. We can find angle C that is this angle which is given by 31 degrees minus 27 degrees that is equal to 4 degrees. So angle C is 4 degrees. Now we know angle B, angle C and side AB. So we are given two angles and adjacent side to one of the angles that is AAS. So we use law of signs to find X so we have sign of 4 degrees upon 53.2 is equal to sign of 27 degrees upon X. Now using calculator we find the value of sign of 4 degrees and sign of 27 degrees and here we have sign of 4 degrees that is 0.069 upon 53.2 is equal to sign of 27 degrees that is 0.453 upon X which implies that X is equal to 0.453 into 53.2 whole upon 0.069. And solving this further we get the value of X as 349.26 approximately. Thus we have got distance AC is equal to 349.26 feet. Thus we say that distance between the spectator and home plate is 349.26 feet approximately. Thus we can use these laws in real life. This completes our session. Hope you enjoyed this session.


From Soldiers Radio and Television, this is the Army Now. Ten ammunition specialists from Fort Hood took part in the ammo inspectors course taught by the Defense Ammunition Center. Soldiers from 664th Ordnance Company helped out with the mobile training team throughout the month-long course. The Army, since we were already in place to begin with the 89 Bravos, right now they're giving us a training so we can actually enforce safety and save the Army money by not having as many outside influence as we need since the military is already in place. The NCOs, the Staff Sergeant and Staff Sergeant First Classes are going to be the ammo inspectors for Fort Hood or any other installation that has an ASP. According to Kemper, this was the first training of its kind at any Army installation. Reporting from Fort Hood, Texas, I'm Private First Class Brian Labombard. That's the Army Now.


Let's examine the character of Mrs. Almond in Henry James's novel, Washington Square. Now, she is one of the more minor characters. She is an essential character. She's a more marginal character. However, she is important because firstly, we know that she is Dr. Sloper's favorite sister. Okay, so Dr. Sloper looks down on the sister that he lives with, Mrs. Penman. She's too romantic. She's quite gullible. Whilst Mrs. Almond is presented as the voice of reason. In fact, she's quite critical of the way Dr. Sloper treats his daughter with regards to the whole Morris engagement affair. Okay, so she tells Dr. Sloper, like, you're way too mean and way too cruel. However, she does also clearly see through Morris' motivation. She knows that Morris is in it for the money. However, she also is quite motherly in her affection towards Catherine. She's one of the few characters that actually sees Catherine's plainness, maybe a little bit of her dullness, her lack of romanticism as a strong trait. Okay, she actually thinks that's something that, you know, she really likes about Catherine. And she's quite motherly in the sense that, you know, she even tells Dr. Sloper, look, even if she makes a mistake and marries this guy, you know, we can still be there for her. Okay, so her character is really important because she seems to be and she's presented as a voice of reason in this whole drama that revolves around Catherine's engagement to Morris. Okay. And of course, we can argue that she's a foil to Mrs. Penman's character. So Mrs. Penman is very gullible. She's very overly romantic.  And she's also very taken in by Morris' character. However, Mrs. Allmond is much more clever and she's able to clearly see through things. But also, unlike Dr. Sloper, who doesn't really have an emotional connection with his daughter, he doesn't even care about her feelings. Mrs. Allmond actually takes a very paternal interest or rather a maternal interest in Catherine's well-being. Okay. And of course, remember, she's really important because it's her daughter's engagement, her daughter Marion marries Morris' cousin, Arthur Townsend and is at that engagement party. That's where the ball starts rolling and where Catherine meets Morris, who then she falls in love with. Okay. So also she's important in that respect. Now let's look at a few quotations relating to Mrs. Allmond's character that you can consider if you decided to write about her or if you wrote about her in relation to one of the other characters, one of the other main characters within this story. So the first quotation, of course, is how she plays a central role, a pivotal role in how Morris and Catherine's parts align, how they cross. Okay. And we're told Mrs. Allmond's party was the beginning of something very important. Now this is a declarative sentence. Remember declarative sentences, sentences that say it's a fact, feeling or mood. So this declarative sentence obviously creates a buildup. Oh, okay. And this party, something really important is going to happen, something pivotal. And of course, the pivotal moment is Catherine meets Morris, who she falls in love with. Okay. So it's Mrs. Allmond's party that brings them together. The next quotation relating to her character and why she's important is when she does accept and agree that Morris is highly motivated by Dr. Sloper's money because she says that if she, if Catherine, so if she doesn't get the money ellipsis, he will hate her. So she knows that Morris would not be happy if Dr. Sloper disinherits her after they marry. Okay. And this is emphasized through the alliteration of H in he, hate and her. So of course, we can see that she doesn't have a very, you know, romantic view of Morris. She's not misguided. She knows what he's in it for. But also she has a human understanding of what Catherine is experiencing emotionally and she wants to support Catherine. But unfortunately, she doesn't have that much of a say over her life. The next quotation relating to Mrs. Allmond's character is when she does tell Dr. Sloper he's too horrible and crawl to her and really rejecting Morris in the way he does. She tells Dr. Sloper, you have no sympathy. And the adjective sympathy obviously shows that, you know, she is able to stand up as a woman to Dr. Sloper and she's very direct with him. And maybe he likes her because she's direct with him as opposed to Catherine is constantly submissive to him. Okay. And what this is illustrating again, she's been the voice of reason here. She's basically saying you're being too cruel to Catherine. You're punishing her excessively for loving this guy.  So she she's able to stand up for Catherine. The next quotation, which obviously shows the level of affection she has for Catherine. Okay. So also a lot of the other characters kind of see Catherine is not deserving of their affection. Okay. Her father doesn't treat her kindly. Mrs. Penman finds her too boring. She's not romantic enough. Morris wants to use her. Okay. But Mrs. Armand actually sees her very affectionately. She states she is like, so she's talking about Catherine here. Okay. So she is like a copper kettle, a copper kettle that receives a dent. You may polish up the kettle, but you can't face the mark. So here she's using the simile, the copper kettle. And remember, of course, even the kettle being copper, it's not like a golden kettle. Right. So she's obviously using a really effective simile to show that Catherine isn't like eye catching, like gold or even silver. She's a copper kettle. Okay. So she's not like, you know, she's a bit plain, but she still has emotions. Okay. And if you keep on denting it, and of course, she's telling Dr. Sloper, stop hitting her so much. Stop mistreating her because these dent stay and treat her more kindly. Okay. So going back to the simile, it's a really powerful simile, where we can see that Mrs. Armand actually doesn't see Catherine's plainness and maybe her more muted character as something to dislike. Okay. She accepts it fully. And as she states, she is like a copper kettle that receives a dent. You may polish up the kettle, but you can't, if faced, you can't rob off the mark. Okay. So we can see here, she has a really motherly attitude towards Catherine. She's almost sees Catherine as a daughter. Okay. And she tries to really understand Catherine's perspective. The final quotation, which illustrates Mrs. Armand's character is when she says, look, if, you know, she marries Morris in the end and she falls, she becomes a fallen woman. Okay. So she falls just like the way Dr. Sloper is fearful. We're still going to be there to pick her up. Okay. We can see here, she's so motherly and so loving towards Catherine because she says, if she was to have a full ellipsis, we must spread as many carpets as we can. And of course, here she's speaking in a metaphor. She's basically saying, look, if Catherine makes a massive mistake, we need to be there to hold her hand when she realizes the grave error she's made in marrying a guy who was clearly just after her for her money. Again, here we can see that she's very empathetic. She has a lot of empathy for Catherine, which her father lacks for her. Okay. So we, we as readers are supposed to really like Mrs. Armand. She's a voice of reason, but also she has a lot of sympathy towards Catherine, which many of the other characters within the story don't really. Okay. So that's really it when it comes to writing and considering the character of Mrs. Armand in Washington Square.


For today's story, we have another big character by the name of Jaina Proudmoore, a mage who is well known to both the Horde and the Alliance. Before we begin, let's listen to a small quote. Born prior to the First War, Jaina Proudmoore is the youngest child of Admiral Dalin Proudmoore, Lord of Kul Tiras and a longtime friend and ally of Lordaeron and the Kingdom of Azeroth. At a young age, Jaina was enamored with tales of the Guardian Aegwynn. When her magical talent was discovered and she was sent to Dalaran, she badgered Antonidas into accepting her as an apprentice, eventually becoming one of the few female wizards in direct service to Dalaran. Under pressure by the expectations of her mentor, the heroic legacy she had to live up to and the watchful eye of the citizenry of Lordaeron, Jaina struggled to keep focus on her studies. Because of their mutually royal heritage, it was inevitable that Jaina and Prince Arthas, the heir to the throne of Lordaeron would meet. Over the years, they grew close as friends, and then romantically. They were very much in love with one another. Eventually, Arthas questioned whether the two of them were ready to be together. Arthas abruptly ended the relationship, so Jaina could focus on her magical studies in Dalaran and he could focus on his commitments to Lordaeron. Jaina was very hurt by the decision, but did not fight him. She soon realized and agreed that it was the right thing to do at the time. Shortly after, they decided to rekindle their romance, but this was during the beginning of the Scourge invasion that would change both their lives forever. Many years later, Antonidas, eager to learn more about the plague sweeping northern Lordaeron, was met by the prophet, who pleaded with the wizard to take his people west to Calendor. Antonidas dismissed the prophet as nothing more than a madman, but Jaina, who had been watching from hiding, sensed great power in the prophet, and thought that perhaps they should heed his warnings. Antonidas continued to disagree, and instead sent Jaina to meet with Arthas and investigate the plague at the northern village of Brill. As they investigated Brill, Jaina saw some very strange things, including an extra-mancer and a zombie made of various parts of several corpses.  The crates bore the seal of Anderhal, the primary distributor of grain throughout Lordaeron. Chasing the necromancer, who was actually Kel'Thuzad, formerly a member of the Kirin Tor, to Anderhal, they found a mass of undead warriors waiting for them. They fought their way through to Kel'Thuzad, where Arthas killed him. Jaina and Arthas made their way back to central Lordaeron, and they stopped for rest at the small town of Arthen. However, they discovered that the plague-infected grain from Anderhal had arrived and had been distributed among the townsfolk, who were transforming into the undead. Jaina reluctantly departed to find Uther for reinforcements. When she returned with the silver hand on her back, Arthen was all but destroyed, and Arthas was fighting a losing battle. With Uther's help though, they managed to push back the undead attackers. Arthas, demoralized and horrified by the overwhelming forces of undead, vowed to go to Stratholm, where he hoped to fight Mal'ganis. Jaina and Uther followed him to Stratholm, but did not arrive in time to stop the townspeople from eating the tainted grain. All three knew that the people of Stratholm would soon become undead and attack. Arthas was in favor of slaughtering the people before their transformation to purge the town, but Uther could not condone murdering helpless people, whose only crime was being infected. Even if leaving them alive meant they would soon become a threat.  He demanded that any true to the king stay with him, and cede to the town's destruction. Jaina turned and followed Uther to Arthas's surprise. Jaina and Uther returned to Stratholm's burning ruins after Arthas destroyed it. Both were appalled at what they saw. Jaina was visited by the mysterious prophet who had previously attempted to reason with both King Terenas and her mentor Antonidas. The prophet sensed her leadership abilities and urged her to take the people she could with her to the west, fleeing Lordaeron and her home country of Kulturas. She realized that he had been right, and he encouraged her to gather her people and sail west for Kalimdor. Jaina decided to follow his words and made preparations. She left just as the invasion of Lordaeron began, saving thousands of citizens before they met their doom. Upon arriving at Kalimdor, Jaina found that there were orcs there, believing the horde to having followed them from Lordaeron, Jaina clashed with the troops of Grom Hellscream. Afterwards, Jaina set out to find the prophet. Not only was Stontell and Pieck a good defense, but also she sensed a great power within. Jaina led a small expedition into the mountain, with the hopes of finding some power that could help her defeat the orcs, but she sensed that they were being followed. Upon breaching the core of the mountain, Jaina stumbled upon Thrall and Cairn. They were about to battle when they were awesomely confronted by the oracle, who was actually the prophet Medivh they had met in Lordaeron. The prophet Medivh implored them all to ally with each other, saying that they would not survive alone against the might of the Burning Legion. Reluctantly, Jaina agreed to ally her forces with Thralls against Hellscream and an army of Chaos Orcs and Demons. Jaina gave him a Soul Gem, which she used to capture Grom's essence as the invasion of Kalimdor began. Then, she helped him purge Grom of the demonic curse that equipped him. Jaina and Thrall continued as allies, although their forces were not very eager about it, even after Hellscream's death. They were terrorized by the Undead, but also by the Night Elves deadly hit and run attacks, though their alliance with one another kept them alive. They were only holding on by a thread. Finally, Thrall received a vision. Jaina followed him to where he was instructed to go, where they found the leaders of the Night Elves, Malfurion Stormrage and Tyrande Whisperwind. The prophet appeared and revealed himself to be none other than Medivh, returned to correct his mistakes of old. He implored the humans, orcs and Night Elves to all join forces against the Legion, or they would all fall alone. They all agreed to defend Mount Hygel together. Jaina used her teleportation spells to scout out the surrounding area and found that Archimonde and his Doom Guards were quickly making their way up the mountain. The defenders instituted three bases, going up the mountain in an effort to halt his assent. Jaina's base was the first in Archimonde's path, and so it was the first to go. But before he could kill her, Jaina taunted Archimonde by saying, is taking all you demons do, and spirited herself out of Archimonde's clutches. The next base to go was Thralls, and Jaina used her remaining energy to teleport Thrall from his base before Archimonde destroyed him so that he could live to fight another day. Following the Legion's defeat on Mount Hygel, Jaina took her refugees to an island outpost off the eastern coast of Kalimdor, newly named Theramore. The exact time of Theramore's founding isn't clear. Sources differ as to whether it was founded before or after the battle of Mount Hygel, but the role of the citadel was important in the tale of the founding of the Orc nation Durotar. When Rhexar demanded an explanation of the humans encroaching on Durotar and the assassination attempt, Jaina stated that she had no such knowledge. When Jaina agreed to help the Moknothal investigate, they discovered the outpost was under attack from the Naga. After an encounter with a dying marine, Jaina realized with horror that her father had decided to pay her a visit. Jaina pleaded with the admiral to spare Rhexar, but Dalin would have none of it. Rhexar and his companions escaped and Thrall rallied an army to push back Proudmoore's assault. Jaina was in despair. While she felt loyalty to her father and her nation, her experience with the Scourge and the Legion convinced her that Vendettas, such as the Fathers, were immaterial in the grand scheme. Jaina helped to hoard game ships from the goblins and ordered her own troops to stand down when the assault of Theramore. Jaina departed due to being unable to fight her own men, but not before Thrall and Rhexar promised her that they would keep human casualties to a minimum. Jaina's last words to her father were to ask why he didn't listen. Theramore and Durotar remained at relative peace for three years, though the two former arch enemies were still very wary of each other. Eventually, a series of minor shipping incidents led to extreme tension between the two powers, enough so that the goblins who controlled the region's only neutral port complained. Despite the tension, Thrall requested Jaina's aid in relocating a herd of Thunder Lizards, displaced by a mysterious logging operation at Thunder Ridge. Jaina intended to relocate the Lizards to a largely unpopulated region on the far side of Mulgore, but was astonished to discover that the area was magically warded to protect its single inhabitant, Aikwin. The former guardian brushed off Jaina's admiration, but filled in the gaps of what had been happening amidst the tensions between Theramore and Durotar. A minor demon, Zmodelor, had revived the Burning Blade clan and was playing the two powers against each other. Jaina and Aikwin hastily returned to Theramore, where they discovered that Jaina's own Chamberlain had been corrupted by the Burning Blade. After dealing with the turncoat, they took on Zmodelor himself. Unfortunately, the demon was backed by a small cable of warlocks. Jaina was nearly slain by the added strain, but Aikwin was able to use her own life force to support her, and Jaina was able to defeat the warlocks and banish Zmodelor back to the Twisting Nether. After the crisis had passed, Jaina and Thrall set about writing a permanent non-aggression pact to ensure that the mutual distrust of their people never escalated into war again. Against all odds, Aikwin survived, and assumed the duties left by Jaina's Chamberlain. After the apparent death of Bolvar Fordragon at the Battle of Angrithar the Wrathgate, King Varian Ryn prepared the forces of the Alliance for an all-out war against the Horde. Desperate to avoid a fourth war, Jaina teleported to Orgrimmar to uncover the truth of the recent events in Northrend. There she learned from Sylvanus Windrunner. Then an uprising broke out, and the Varian Mothers had taken control over the Undercity. Thrall assured Jaina that the Horde had no official interest in a war against the Alliance and that it would take care of the traitor. Jaina agreed to try to stop Varian, but warned him that it would not be easy. The late High Lord was like a brother to the King. Jaina's assessment proved correct, as the forces of Thrall attempting to regain control of Undercity and King Ryn, hoping to reclaim it as Lordaeron for the Alliance and bring Putris to justice, clashed at the Undercity. Refusing to allow the Horde and the Alliance to descend into open war, Jaina stopped the Alliance army cold, literally, and teleported them back to Stormwind. When Bran Bronzebeard learned that Yogg-Saron had escaped his ancient prison in Ulduar, Ronin and Jaina called a conference of Alliance and Horde leaders at the Violet Citadel. As Ronin debriefed Varian Ryn on the situation, Jaina noticed that Thrall and Garrosh Hellscream had arrived early and attempted to halt them before another confrontation was started. She was unable to stop Varian and Garrosh from coming to blows however, and King Ryn left. Refusing to work with the Horde at all after the events at the Rathgate, Jaina wondered loud who was left to challenge Yogg-Saron. Jaina later arrived at the frozen halls to confront the Lich King and attempt to reason with the Dark Lord, in hopes of releasing the spirit of her lost love, Arthas. She guided a small group of Alliance heroes through the halls of Ashgrond Citadel and eventually arrived at the halls of Reflection. Within the private chambers of the Lich King, Jaina and her troop discovered Frostmourne, the blade that stole Arthas' soul and led to the fall of Lordaeron. Jaina communed with the soul stolen from Frostmourne, and much to her surprise, Uther the Lightbringer appeared and told her a terrible truth. Not only did he inform her that Arthas was nothing but a small glimmer of light that stayed the Lich King's wrath, but in order to protect Azeroth, the Lich King would have to be killed and a replacement would have to bake the ultimate sacrifice. Suddenly, the Lich King entered the chambers and Uther was sucked back into Frostmourne. The Lich King coldly acknowledged Jaina while removing Frostmourne from his pedestal. The Lich King summoned Falric and Marwyn, two captains Jaina had fought alongside during the Third War. As the Lich King retreated to his private chambers and ordered the captains to attack her allies, Jaina remained determined to save Arthas and pursued him as the doors behind her closed. Following the defeat of the two captains, Jaina's allies rushed to her aid, only to find her on the verge of defeat, with her former love viciously attacking her. Heartbroken, Jaina and her allies fled down the hidden passage with the Lich King in steady pursuit. As they came to a cliff, the skybreaker flew in and rescued them at the last moment. After the Deathbringer was slain by a team of Alliance adventurers, Muradin Bronzebeard, fresh from the gunship battle, was unwilling to allow Varric Saurfang to retrieve his son's corpse. But when King Varian and Lady Jaina teleported to the scene, Varian ordered Muradin to step aside and let a grieving father pass, to which Jaina burst into tears out of respect for her king. Should an adventurer bring Jaina's locket to her, following the Lich King's defeat, she weeps, stating that she knew there was still some part of Arthas trapped within the Lich King. During the Cataclysm, Jaina became cautious when she found out the garage was planning to conquer the Hall of Calendor. The people of Theromore built a highway, which allowed her forces to move faster through the territory and send supplies to the Alliance bases in the southern Barrens. Jaina is present at Thrall and Agra's wedding at Mount Hygel. In the Tides of War book, we learn that after the Cataclysm, Jaina became concerned about rising tensions between the Alliance and the Horde. She met Thrall at Tidefury Cove, where she told him to prevent Garrosh from starting a war. Thrall, now a shaman of the Urdan Ring, said that he must undo the damage caused by the Cataclysm, and that for now, he must abandon his duties as warchief and a member of the Horde. When her meeting with Thrall ended, Jaina returned to the city state of Theromore, where she was visited by Calagos, who asked her to help him in finding the missing, focusing Iris. During the search, Jaina and Kaelak became very close friends. Pained, one of Jaina's closest assistants learned that the Horde was planning to attack Northwatch Hold. Later, Bane Bloodhoof sent a messenger, Perith Stormhoof, to warn Jaina about Garrosh's plans to conquer Calendor. Jaina and her people started the preparations for the war. Jaina began contacting allies. The one to answer a call were Vereesa Windrunner and the Silver Covenant, Shander's Feathermoon and her Sentinels. Desperate, Jaina sent word to Ronin and the Kirin Tor. Ronin stated that they couldn't help because of the Kirin Tor's neutrality, but if the rest of the Council 6 agreed to help Theromore, the Kirin Tor would cancel the call as well. The Council agreed and Khadgar, one of the members of the Council 6, sent word to Vidal, who in turn sent a small force of the Shatar led by General Tyra Salam. The Horde's initial attack on Theromore was repelled, but Jaina was unaware of a secret weapon in the Horde's possession called a mana bomb. Garrosh's plan was to gather all the allies in one place, so that he could annihilate them with a mana bomb, empowered by the focusing iris. Ronin used the portal to hide Jaina, so she could escape the blast. When Jaina awakened, she found herself radiating with arcane energy, everything around her in ruins, and all of her friends, including Kindysparkshine, Paine, Ronin, and Theravosh, dead. Furious, Jaina returned to Stormwind City where she urged Varian and Ryn to attack Orgrimmar with full force. Varian was aware that the Alliance couldn't simply attack Orgrimmar with their recent losses. Jaina traveled to Dalaran in order to avenge her city and her fallen allies. She tried to convince the Kirin Tor to fight the Horde, as she wanted to move Dalaran above Orgrimmar so they could attack with full force, but the mages of Dalaran refused to take a part in the war. Jaina returned to the ruins of Theromore, knowing Calagos had yet to recover the focusing Iris. She claimed it for herself, using magic to shield it from his detection. She infiltrated the Great Library of Dalaran, recovering a tome that gave a great amount of detail about the artifact. Its contents locked magically away by a former mentor Antonidas. With this knowledge, she made her way to Frey Island to begin her quest for vengeance, summoning water elementals to drown Orgrimmar. Thrall, having received a terrible vision while in the maelstrom, rushed to find and confront her. She ignored his pleas, but his appearance only infuriated her further, as this inaction led to Garrosh's opportunity to destroy her city. The two fought and aided by the focusing Iris, Jaina began getting the upper hand, only to be interrupted by the arrival of Calagos. He refused to attack her, but also refused to remove himself from standing between his love and Thrall. Finally, Jaina listened to him. Only after taking a flight with him over Orgrimmar did she realize that she would have drowned much of the Alliance fleet had she gone through with her plan. During the Mists of Pandaria, Jaina settled down in Dalaran, where she overcame her rage, stating that Dalaran should be a beacon of light and hope. She helped the Night Elves to increase their defenses in Darnesses, in order to prevent Garrosh and the Horde from stealing the Divine Bell. When it was discovered that Blood Elves within the Curentor had been secretly helping the Horde, despite the Curentor's neutrality, a furious Jaina purged Dalaran of all Horde and allied the Curentor with the Alliance. Feeling herself betrayed not once, but now twice by the Horde, Jaina adopted a far more aggressive stance toward the Horde in general, and Garrosh in particular. Together with Varisa Windrunner and the Mages of Curentor, Jaina went to Isle of Thunder in order to defeat the Thunder King and to prevent the Horde from obtaining his powers. During her mission, Jaina formed an alliance with Taran Zhu and the Shadow Pan. Jaina and a newly found Curentor offensive came face to face with Lotharmar Theron and the Sunreavers who also played a part in assaulting the Thunder King. Jaina and Varisa were eager to slay the Sunreavers, but they had to focus on a much more important mission. Jaina, Lord Walker Cho and Lotharmar Theron arrived at the Vault of Y'sharsh, where Garrosh's arrogance released the Shal of Pride. Jaina assaulted Bladefist Bay, together with Varisa, Varian, Sylvanas and Lotharmar. At the end of the siege, when Garrosh was defeated, Jaina urged Varian to dismantle the Horde once and for all. However, Varian chose not to exploit the opportunity. During the Warlust Draenor, Jaina arrived at Catagar's tower in Zangorah after Catagar was attacked by Grona Halforsan. While she thanked the alliance commander, she also reminded the Horde commander that the Horde was not permitted to be a part of the council's business. Catagar said that it would not be his first time to disagree with the council and it wouldn't be his last. Jaina and Catagar went inside the tower to empower the commander's ring. In Legion, Catagar travels to Dalaran to initiate a vote to allow the Horde to entry back into Carinthor and Dalaran. He wins the vote, with only Jaina and Anosran Runeweaver voting to keep them out. In a rage, she announces that if the Horde will be part of Dalaran and the Carinthor, she wants nothing to do with it. Jaina then resigns her membership of the Carinthor and relieves the city, which results in Catagar stepping in to lead the Carinthor against the Burning Legion. And finally, during the Battle of Azeroth, Jaina returned to Theramore for a brief time, finding and magically raising her father's ship from the deep. After the War of Thorns, when Anduin Wrynn and Greymane led the charge against the Undercity, Jaina appeared when it seemed all was lost and the Alliance was surrounded by Sylvanas' Blythe. Using her now flying ship, she destroyed the Blythe outside the city and blasted open the gates where the cannons. Between the confrontation with Sylvanas and subsequent return to Stormwind, she is brought up to speed about Azerite and the destruction of Teldrassil. Knowing the Alliance needs all the help it can muster for the war, she volunteers to return to Kilteras to beg aid of her mother, Catherine Proudmoore. Knowing that there is a high likelihood of her own imprisonment. True to her expectations, her former kinsman shunned her as she enters the kingdom, and she is immediately seized by the guards. Brought before Catherine and Priscilla Ashvane, she is sentenced to death for treason, exiled to an island off the coast of Stormsong Valley. Fates end. Once there, she is captured and forced into the blighted lands, expected never to escape. Jaina's remains resign to her fate. Reliving all her past failures repeatedly, Catherine Proudmoore makes her way inside, however asking instead that Jaina forgive her for claiming that she was no longer her daughter and sentencing her. Catherine later hands the title of Lord Admiral to her, helping Jaina to achieve the goals she set out to meet. And that is the story of the powerful mage, Jaina Proudmoore. Thank you for listening, I hope you enjoyed, and I will see you next time.