But well, good morning all thanks for joining us for our latest in now webinar series from Hydrotera. I'll give four people one more minute to come on board and then we'll get into proceedings. A few people now who have logged in so let's get underway. So what are we talking about today? Today we're talking about continuous ground gas monitoring and how to reduce the uncertainty of measurements and risk assessments associated with that continuous monitoring, but also just with ground gas measurement in general. This is something that's close to my heart, having dealt a lot with ground gas over the years and felt the need to reach out to the experts in ground gas solutions who are based in the UK because they have a few more years on us in terms of the evolution of ground gas and how it's used. It's not to say we don't have a lot of knowledge here, but I think it's always worth having a look at how others are doing these things. So we've struck up a bit of a relationship with ground gas solutions. So who are we presenting today? Well, I'm the managing director of Hydrotera, Michelle's in the background keeping us on track with this and John Naylor is joining us from the UK and thanks very much John for staying up late tonight to provide this presentation. So John has extensive experience in ground gas and the analysis of that data, but also in the manufacturer of instrumentation associated with continuous ground gas monitoring. Before we get too far into the detail, just if you would like to raise a question and please do throughout these presentations, it's great to get feedback and that's a big part of why we run these things. There's a Q&A button that you push and you can type your questions into that. At the end of the presentation, we will run through those questions and if we can't answer them, we will get back to you with an answer after the session. I'm sure we'll be able to answer most of them. Why does Hydrotera run this webinar series? Well, we like to encourage the adoption of new monitoring technologies. That's what we specialize in. We like to assist in training in these technologies and these webinars are all about training, but we also like to get more clarity of the challenges that industry are facing so we can look for the technologies to help with those challenges. What's going on today? We'll start with what we've just done, a presentation and how you can raise questions. Then we move to John, who will be talking from ground gas solutions about reduced uncertainty through continuous ground gas monitoring. Then I will talk about the continuous ground gas monitoring options that Hydrotera has for you in Australia. Then we will shift to the Q&A session. Who are ground gas solutions? They're a leading company out of the UK who specialize pretty much solely in ground gas monitoring. It would be hard in Australia to run a business just focused on ground gas monitoring. The UK market is bigger and that reason it's been able to produce some very specialized expertise. They provide consultancy around ground gas monitoring. They provide continuous ground gas monitoring services. They also provide services actually monitoring the receptors where you might have ground gas exposure. They do a lot with landfills. They have a lot of expertise assisting with risk assessments. They have developed some of their own continuous ground gas monitoring technologies. Our relationship with ground gas solutions is we've formed an agreement to collaborate with them really to support the consultancy industry sector with further knowledge that they have to bring to the table around data analytics around the continuous monitoring as well as to partner on their technology which is called Sentinel which is another continuous gas monitoring system. I'm going to hand over to John Naylor now to introduce himself and run through that presentation. Over to you John. Great, well thank you Richard and I'll just share my screen now. Good morning everybody. I hope you can hear me all nice and clear from the other side of the world as I say. So today I'm going to talk to you about continuous monitoring and ground gas in general and how we actually improve our data so we can get better risk assessments from it. Just a little bit of background about for myself. So I've probably been in the business now at least as a consultant for a good 20 years. Within that period of time, I've been a regulator. I've been a construction quality assurance engineer on landfills. I've been a consultant on the cold face. I was supervising monitoring, well construction, borehole, kind of trial fitting. I've been a lot of monitoring in the early days. I've still been a lot of monitoring these days. And then I got more and more into the consultancy side, risk assessment side as well as developing new kits and new ways and new analysis techniques to try and aid our understanding of ground gas and how we can manage those risks. So in that sort of 30 to 40 minutes, I'm going to go through why we worried and what influences we have with respect to ground gas monitoring data and why it's important to think about those influences when we're actually doing assessments. And by doing that, we build our confidence in the data. I'm going to go through a series of different tools and techniques which you can consider that might help you improve your confidence as well as developing conceptual site models and sites. I'm then going to talk about boundary monitoring, which can be quite useful for those that are looking at more sites where they're worried about liabilities of existing assets or there's potentially new waste disposal facilities going in and you want to understand what the background concentrations are in the ground so you can use those results to then forward plan monitoring and compliance. And then finally look at the sort of next generation of continued monitoring. So what are these ground gas hazards? Well, I'm just going to bring a three case that brought it to the front. And it started, in fact, it started in the UK many, many decades ago, a lot associated with the coal mining industry. But on the surface, what came to sort of development and certainly with the residential setting, the case that really kickstarted serious investigation and management of ground gas was an incident in Moscow back in 1986 where you just see the photograph there. That was a residential bungalow that got reduced to a pile of rubble. Now, thankfully, nobody was killed within that incident. But it did, at the time, create a public enquiry as to why that happened and the findings of that inquiry came out of migration of landfill gas to the property. And through the public inquiry, it brought out what is the source pathway for the conceptual model that we used and the conceptual model that we used so much these days within contaminated land risk assessment. And it also brought out the drive mechanisms for ground gas within those assessments. And in Moscow, the key driver was at pressure changes as well. We were definitely touching that presentation. One nearer to home for you guys would be the Karambor incident over in Melbourne where we had this 10 years on there, a decade on. And here, a similar thing in many regards. We had a landfill or waste depository that was migrating or lost control of gas that was migrating. I think it was several hundred metres through igneous rocks and fractures within igneous rocks in there. And of course, where we've got the infrastructure to these sites and as cities expand, this land is easily accessible, because it becomes more valuable. And of course, it gets built upon because the highways are already in landfills. And unfortunately, in the Karambor case, the gas was migrating and a lot of work had to be done there to make sure that that was managed and made safe. But we still haven't learned all our lessons over and by either. We had a more recent one in 2013. This time, Gorbridge in Scotland. Here, this wasn't actually land for the gas. This one was associated with shallow historical coal mining and workings. And here, you see those houses in the photograph, they're boarded up. They were actually affected by CO2 to carbon dioxide coming out of the ground. And then, again, evidence from various reports into the Gorbridge has identified a number of factors that could have existed in those ground gas pathways and soft pathway receptor being linkage being made. Unfortunately, in that case, several people were admitted to A&E for carbon dioxide. Thankfully, nobody again died in this. But as a direct result of those incidents, the local authority involved decided to basically vacate 64 houses and demolish them. So the actual, you know, the outcomes of not getting it right are actually quite significant. But do bear in mind as well, that these cases are still quite rare. So they're not an everyday occurrence, thankfully. But we do need to manage things better. So we hope we don't get any more of these as we go forwards. So what actually influences our ground gas monitoring data? So if we take a quick look at a standard way of monitoring, and here we've got our monitoring well at Bohol with our monitoring well in there, you can see the various sections there. So we have a standpipe in here, which at some point will have a response zone and a slotted pipe bit. A tap at the top with some kind of foam and some kind of cover. But my message to you guys is that these monitoring wells, these Boholes, treat them as unique scientific instruments. Each one has its own unique characteristics that really you can need to look at and understand in detail when you're doing risk assessments. As far as ground gas is concerned, what are the main factors? Well, geology obviously has a major part, permeability is within. Are you actually in a location where the gas has been generated or you're actually somewhere away from there where gas may be accumulating from that source and it's just being stored within the permeability starter underneath. What's ground water doing? Where does that sit in relation to your response zone and the geology and permeability of different soils? We'll see through later slides how big an influence ground water can have. Weather conditions are sort of the last go. I mentioned earlier, key role as well and don't forget also as gases do move through the ground as they migrate, we do see gas modification. So that could be logical effects, chemical effects, physical effects as the gas moves through the soil. The data that we get out there really comes from the response zone and shouldn't really come from anywhere else. If it's a well-installed well. So again, think about the data in terms of where that response zone sits. Okay. And then quite important is make sure that we have a good seal at the top because we do see a lot of installation wells in the UK where we see an atmospheric area. Which the one actually does reduce your confidence in the dataset. It's being all representative of worst case of ground gas conditions. Don't forget as well as we're drilling these monitoring locations that a lot of information is obtained from soil sampling and descriptions in the UK. We use a British standard there to do that. But while we're doing that, why not get some extra information? Take some gas readings while you're actually advancing. Maybe you've got your most saucy on gassy pathways within that well. And that could be used then to maybe more appropriate to select your response on the screening arising within that. And again, remember that seal is really important just to hammer that home. This is one of probably the worst examples that we've come across in the UK. But somebody was actually monitoring as well for 12 months before we got called in to figure out why they weren't finding any gas in the landfill. That's where the evidence has been done. And unfortunately, in this case, there was no supervision of the driller. So they did what they did to get somebody to see what's going on and make sure that that data is captured there. It's very valuable stuff. So once we've got our results, what do we do? How do we get confidence in our monitoring data? So first of all, what do we mean by confidence? Well, I suppose another word is uncertainty. And there's an IPPC document that talks all about uncertainty and it's quite useful and can be applied to various areas of science, including our sector 2 and ground gases. So here, what we want to try and move from a period where we might have low confidence, so we've got low agreement with our conceptual model, whatever it is that develops and very little evidence to go off. So the other end of the spectrum where we have high agreement with our conceptual model and we're of course, evidence that matches that as well. This obviously increases confidence goes up. So we look at that from the case of spatial data, putting in boreholes on a plan. Let's take this example, a housing estate. Should we just put a handful of monitoring locations at this size? Our actual confidence within the data that we obtain from there might be relatively low although the data from individual wells could be great. That's where confidence in the overall setting could be relatively low. So if we increase the density of monitoring locations the higher that confidence would be as we go along. It's not until we actually get quite a decent coverage where we get much better confidence on that robust evidence we need in some cases for our conceptual models and risk management tools. But we can also have when we're doing ground gas monitoring high variability in the spatial locations of ground gas. I used this example here where we're doing surface emission survey and then we modeled the relative flux from the various points across the surface and you can see just through this information here that the colored areas, particularly the red areas are higher concentrations of methane coming out of the ground. And you can see that it's not everywhere. So where you put your monitoring wells might have a big influence on what kind of data you receive from that monitoring. So again, be aware that it's highly variability in spatial as well. To add to that, not only we've got the spatial differences we have the sort of temporal differences too. Every time we go out and do monitoring people do periodic monitoring you will find differences in each of those models. So here we've just got some records here and if we just look at carbon dioxide results we can see quite variable results across that one side there. We do several of these to build up a better picture. If we did periodic monitoring in a different way here's an example where we have to do basically we sample over several minutes and every so often so every 30 to 60 seconds we actually record the values at that time. You can even see changes in that data too. I've selected this well because it's fairly stable with put gases so methane CO2 oxygen pretty much stabilised quickly you'll notice there that the methane is actually really high. So anybody that sees that kind of methane will start to get ideas as to what's going on here and another clue is actually if we look in the gas flow when we initially start to do the monitoring of the gas flow we actually do have a positive flow of over 9 litres an hour there but we can see as the minutes pass that that actually drops down to actually no flow at all. Some of you will be looking at that thinking I know what that is we'll probably find a few examples of what the presentation is further just to elaborate the point of temporal differences in monitoring I'm going to show some differences between period monitoring and continuous monitoring so here I'm just going to consider these things and I'm going to send a site operative out to take three weekly samples at a borehole, doesn't matter which borehole we're just going to be and that operative comes back and tells me that there's no methane I then send another operative out a couple of days after the first operative with the same instrument and they come back with this picture so at this time they've actually found the methane but every subsequent visit gets diminished off and the interpretation there might be well it might be just a sub-pocket of methane and every time we go deleting that and carrying on we'll find it's gone even further and maybe nothing to worry about but let's send somebody else just a couple of days later same instrument same location and they get this picture monitoring here we've got an increase concentration of methane what does that mean all of these data points are all valid they've all been taken in line in lines with the set procedures with calibrated instrumentation so which data set's right and in reality at this particular location through continuous monitoring you can see that they are all all right but the gas concentrations are so variable and it's really hard to pick a picture as to what's going on so why do we see these things well a lot of the time it's down to environmental correlations and we monitor the ground gases the gases of interest along with some environmental key environment parameters to tease out these relationships and see what's actually driving ground gas movement or behaviour so what are they what are they so what are these well there's several of them but the principle ones are pressure temperature the lesser extent and actually groundwater is quite a key factor too okay now by monitoring these variables along with the ground gases we can try to show correlations gas concentrations changes or indeed actually eliminate those correlations and so on another way that we can use environmental correlations is to try and work out how long a period of monitoring would be useful to satisfy what we call in the UK in current guidance is worst case conditions so in a lot of guidance worst case conditions is taken as falling that was very pressure so how often does that happen and how often are you likely to capture that with your monitoring well what we can do is we can take some pressure data and here we've got some data from Manchester for two years from the MetaFest station and we can actually statistically break this data down so within that data there I could tell you there's over a hundred and thirty one hundred and thirty four is greater than eight millibars within there so we can take some data and plot it as a scatter plot with pressure fall duration versus the actual size of it okay we've got some statistics up there so there's that one hundred and thirty eight we can see actually the 75th percentile of this data at a pressure fall of 90 millibars is experienced okay but also what's important about pressure falls is the rate at which they happen too millibars an hour so we've put a line in there for the eight millibars we're going to ignore everything below that now we've got some older guidance that gives us some indications of what they considered significant so British coal they decided that four millibars fall over three hours was very significant and indeed it is we can draw that line on that scatter plot as well and then we might consider a 75th percentile as being significant for our needs purposes and we put another line there and then we might also consider that longer rates of fall at one millibar are all significant and then we can start to shade that area as what we can call our worst case so pressure is low and you could do this down in Victoria wherever we are we could take that data and work out what would be considered worst case from a pressure flow scenario and indeed if we map the LOSCO on there you can see when that happened we were driving that worst case as well but what we essentially say from this sort of quick analysis is that we tend to see a 19 millibars fall in three weeks so pretty much in at least the UK or Manchester if we did a four-week period of continuous monitoring we're quite likely to find within that data a significant pressure therefore our data meet conditions so let me introduce you to time series data so this is kind of the output that we collect from our continuous monitoring equipment so on the current graph we've got atmospheric pressure and borehole static pressure on the top graph we've got the bulk gases in the middle methane CO2 oxygen and then the lower graph we've got so again we're trying to colourate the different gases of what with the environmental behaviour of pressure and water level and as you can see every time we get a deep pressure fall in these instances we get a response in this case, in this location in methane so trying to replicate that with periodic monitoring and get the same picture so get some confidence is going to be really bad but with continuous monitoring within that four-week period of period here we're collecting maybe 600 data points it's a lot more information for which you can then look at and understand what's going on let's take another example here so if you look at the photograph we have probably some bolts in the background actually that's in docks we're doing some monitoring in some docksilts for new developments going on there and we're in a tidally influenced location so a conceptual model would expect to see tidal influence with ground gas data so how do we collect that evidence? Well we could go out and do periodic monitoring let's overlay the continuous data with water level and you can just see without a shadow of a doubt the evidence is there continuous monitoring without any further analysis but that is what's driving these movements it's a really powerful stuff there's lots of other analysis tools now I've just got a few on the screen here there's lots more science but I just thought I'd demonstrate some of these to you I quite like the top left graph because this is the archetypal let's go out and monitor when atmospheric pressure is falling but the take home point here is actually as atmospheric pressure falls we can do our spot monitoring at any point along the blue line the atmospheric pressure line and apparently match with our worst case conditions so if we better look what happens with the red line of ethane that goes up and up and up and up until we get to the trough of the fall before we actually get our trough so when you're doing your spot monitoring always try to get out there basically when the weather is up that's when we're going to see the worst gas conditions usually when the pressure and the ice rain fall and so forth so look at time series graphs or actually take a time series graph and break that up if we suspect that there's some kind of patented data within there that doesn't correlate maybe with atmospheric pressure it might be associated with the time of day and indeed in the top middle graph there we can see we've lost our time there but this is the middle of the night up here we can actually see through the day the gas concentrations drop and then over the night they build back up again and drop again through the day so depending on where that monitoring has been conducted that might tell you a lot of information as to why that's happening and actually then further there's other methods as well so in the bottom left we have purge and recovery tests where we basically empty the well of existing gases with the inert gas we monitor the recovery of those gases to see how well quickly those come back in that's a useful test in certain circumstances but it's not great everywhere so the location of that has to be considered we can do concentration duration curves which is the lower one in the middle there where we're actually taking time series data we're just expressing that as a percentage of which a concentration is exceeded and we can split up into different gases so what does this tell us? well it can give us some indication of where we might be for instance with the migration so in this example in the screen we're about 50-50 so we're riding and smacking the migration location well if it was more towards a source we'd see more of the percentage so it would extend to the right and it would further away it would be more to the left and it's actually looking at these old gases in groundwater as well but by using headspace so let's have a little look at that one so what we've done here is we've actually modeled using the diffusive fixed law of ground gas coming on methane in this case coming out of a solution from groundwater and then what we've done is we've actually in the purging we could protest on how we've monitored the methane coming back into the headspace correlation between our model parameter versus our reality is stunning really and again fantastic evidence of high confidence the methane that's appearing in the problem is actually dissolving of course there are other ways of testing this and showing this but this is again another line of evidence again this is at standard pressure temperatures if you've got a deeper source pressurized sources careful about models we'll throw them out what we're saying just to give you an indication methane you can maybe 25 milligrams per litre saturation at normal temperatures of pressure so we only need about just over half milligrams to give us 5% more volume in a headspace very much so you can see with not much gas in the water we can get quite high percentages 99.5% up in the headspace which remember the spot monitoring before some other key parameters that we use with continuous monitoring as well as periodic monitoring as well as the measurement pressure and each really important percentage now in the UK practice has been doing is between monitoring to keep the gas wells closed so the taps closed so trapping in whatever the gases are well so there's different ways of measuring pressure so this is the way the gas plan principally does it and this uses a static pressure assessment essentially it takes a pressure within the standpoint okay so absolute pressure sensors and they're not interlinked and what you tend to see so here's our atmospheric pressure price there and I've put what's actually in the monitoring well underneath there you will see that they follow each other but you'll notice that the actual borehole pressure lags behind slightly so it lags the difference between the atmospheric pressure okay and you'll also notice the greatest difference is the atmospheric pressure as well so we get that generally usually typically because of permeability contrast between the air and the soils underneath and where our response is but effectively the difference between those two is known as differential pressure on the lower graph there and what you will find when you do the periodic monitoring of the flow instruments is that when atmospheric pressure is below that of the atmospheric borehole pressure as we've got here you'll get a positive flow rate okay and when we go and do the burst so atmospheric pressure is above that of the monitoring well we'll get a negative flow rate so dynamic bit there and when both are equal we don't see any flow so a lot of you that are out there doing periodic monitoring hopefully this gives you some ideas as to what might be going on with your results and particularly you'll see this where you open up a tap do you flow monitoring it might be quite high initially and then over a period of minutes it drops down to nothing all essentially you're doing is just equalizing the pressure between the monitoring events so it's basically equal with the atmosphere and that's what we saw in that first monitoring there are monitoring results earlier in the slide so a really useful way of thinking about monitoring okay the term that's applied to this kind of process is parametric okay now obviously if you were in a landfill or a generative generative source you wouldn't tend to see this you would just see the borehole pressure is always above that of atmospheric pressure and very little influence within there the other way is dynamic pressure measurement so this is what you're doing when you're doing spot monitoring you're taking low measurements okay and that started to appear in continuous monitoring instruments including like a sensor so here's some data from the sensor so at the top graph we've got static results so you can see there that the atmospheric pressure borehole pressure is very similar for us like differences in the laboratory where the middle graph is our time series data for methane CO2 oxygen and then the lower graph is actually our flow rate so by dynamic pressure what we basically do is we're opening up well within the instrument that will allow either gas to escape from the borehole through the monitoring instrument to air or air to actually come into the instrument and go back into the monitoring one that's your positive and negative flow rates okay so obviously we're doing that in a continuous mode or at least here with an hour limit that well is being opened over an hour or whatever you set it to so again when we think about our periodic monitoring and continuous monitoring we've got to be mindful that flow rate is most likely to be lower than we would see in a traditional periodic monitoring so because that has been open to more frequent and the monitoring was getting time to move okay so two important points there as well another way we can look at things is to use ternary so here we've got we basically use the sort of methane the bulk gases methane CO2 and oxygen as the end members but against the ratio of nitrogen and if we take well all three of these pots show landfill gas migration at the monitoring point of patients as you can see here we've got the 60-40% ratio of methane to CO2 quite neat new landfill gas and then over here we've got more of that at this location and then in between we have the migration effect of gas coming through as well it's quite strong there as well what we do also see here as well again a bit more CO2 scatter with these wells which could also and does also indicate that we see an oxidation going on within this pathway too so lots more information to get from your continued data okay so let's have a look at what compositions what that might do to get composition to grow so if you just take the example that we've got with the diagram from the top right there we have our source of gas it might migrate through some permeable layer and let's say we've got methane and CO2 involved in that so as that gas moves out from the generative source it might migrate just through the power of that generation or it might do it through power of that generation plus the effect of pressure changes above okay so we can get different things happening here as well so we can get known as methane enrichment happening so let's say we had a landfill gas 60-40 split if that gas then progresses to migrate through a wet ground that's under saturated CO2 what you will see that CO2 will get absorbed into the ground water and effectively when you do your monitoring further away you'll get higher methane and lower CO2 that you'll be expecting but remember we do measure percentages and not volume mass so essentially we have the same methane maybe a little bit less but because we've stripped the mass of the CO2 out it looks like we've got more okay and the reverse we actually start with the same methane but we end up with less okay now again what's going on the soils here but essentially this mechanism for this to be within the ground and microbes start to use the methane food source and combine with the oxygen to give us more CO2 and water in the process as well so again what looks what should be landfill gas when you're actually doing volume measurements looks very different but reality is still landfill gas so bear those in mind as well other areas we can use continuous monitoring including receptor monitoring I think Richard mentioned this in his introduction this is quite a very useful tool when looking at sources pathways and receptor and conceptual model pictures if we have a receptor in place and we're worried about whether any hazardous gases are getting to there you know at the end of the day that receptor is there it's always best to test this is kind of my view okay let's see if that gas is actually getting there we can do models we can show that it may or may not be there but in reality the only way to show is to test so again here we've brought in continuous monitoring gear in this case we're doing simple monitoring on the left we're doing internal monitoring on the third picture and then either side of that we also have that with sweep with PPP and PPP instruments that's in favor of something well and another way we can do a receptor monitoring it's called transect monitoring as well as we can actually take some contemporaneous data from the source from the landfill we can then take some data from the pathway so we're looking at it towards a receptor so we can actually see there is a little bit of a thing for them to be there and then at the receptor in the sub-blow here we're not seeing anything and then if we allow our atmospheric pressure you can actually see the driver it's quite strong when you get this sustained and steep fall in pressure it's the only time we have it so again collecting great evidence to supplement the development of our conceptual side and however we are going to change the issues again that's what it's all about is the development of the conceptual side the risk management practices we've had a few tools for those purposes whatever sort of tiers of risk assessment should do I know at GGS we will use the multiple lines of evidence approach to our risk assessments as well so basically we want to take our chart that we started off with beginning from 9 so move that sort of from the left of the table across as far as we can to the right while keeping good value of costs for our clients too so let's have a quick look at boundary monitoring as well so this might be where you've got a new landfill site you want to work out baseline conditions and therefore some sort of strategy going forward to measuring for compliance it might be an existing site that the client's got that they're worried about liability as it's from migration of hazardous gases so here we take this site here you can probably see the cricket pitch in the top left but essentially what we're looking at is a landfill that's then got lots of houses built around it because that's what happens a lot in the UK and we established first of all CSN so we've got our CSN best studies that's built up a good picture you might already have a lot of logs for the site you know you can build up some quite complex 3D models of your software the next stage is to install a suitable and also fit the purpose now whether that includes a series of shallow wells cluster wells, deeper wells you decide based on that CSN okay and then we go and do some initial monitoring so it might be initially that you think that you can get enough information from periodic monitoring to build that picture it might be that as a result of that you actually feel that we need some continuous models to help understand what the sort of background is as well ahead of development so you know that if you do change the region on site you're not making it worse for those receptors further out and once we've got that information so that's CSN and update what we're doing and decide boundary extents in this case we've split this up into several boundaries A through G based on the conceptual side principally in this case through what the research and sensitivities on the boundaries and it might be then that we have to decide what the monitoring thresholds are for each of those boundaries let's take an example here we've got some CO2 data continuous data but we're going to look at CO2 could be let's say a new landfill that we want to see what's going on before we tip any waste well actually just in a natural background conditions here we're getting CO2 you know 9, 10% more so now we do that monitoring we then clean and filter that data and actually determine if that's got a normal distribution or not and then standardize it okay we then do some statistics on that data and in this case we tend to just use T-max but you might choose to use a different value in there which is a percentile value up to you decide what you want to do for your circumstances and then you decide what your actual background values are your maximum background in this case we'll probably just take T-max and then we consider that as we go forward against the CSN and then pick response levels and you could have several different response levels you know from an initial sort of first tier it's gone above the background to you know second or third or more management actions get more urgent okay and then we go and do the monitoring so from that we might decide that of those boundaries we're not too concerned about several of them and we'll just do those with periodic monitoring we might decide over a B that it doesn't need to go very infrequently but we have to decide CSN in this case that we do need continuous monitoring of two of those boundaries because we feel that risk to do that focus in the data so how do we express that data well a simple way and it's quite good to get across to clients who are non-specialists just use a brag rating okay so in red might be it's gone way above a maybe secondary trigger on a response level that we do feel that that pollutant could exist in significant and we need to do something about it there and that might indicate that actually we are seeing some exceedances above our baseline and we need to look into that further but not as urgent just more monitoring and that's going on in CSN and green might be that actually everything is still as we thought it so we continue with our strategy of monitoring and then once we finalize that we maybe get to the position should get to the position where we're quite happy that the data is provided confidence that nothing's of concern maybe wants to cease monitoring so what's coming next well next generation continuous monitoring it's happening it's occurring if you want to read more about it we've co-offered the Clare technical bulletin 18 it's freely downloadable from the link on your screen and that goes through a lot of the behavior that's being activated as well so you can download that free and then the technology that we use at GDS here is the gas sensor so some of you may have heard of this but if you haven't that's what one looks like we built it and we built it for the use by for specialists by specialists it's fairly light it's very smart if we need telemetry it's got it in the UK we do a lot of shots and deployments it's not necessary required that often but it's there it's discreet and we can lock it down as you can see with our security head works there in the top black and white and we've got a range of different interchangeable sensors we can use with this so we've got the expected series there that we would see but we've also got several others as well we can change them as we need them to we've got the ability to do continuous dynamic static flow measurements in one instrument and a fairly decent battery on that too so we can tend to see four to six weeks of life when hourly monitoring out of that instrument and of course we can extend that with solar charging fully enough in the UK not that great but I suppose it could be quite good hopefully a nice introduction to continuous monitoring of those techniques you can apply thank you for listening and keep safe this button I'll probably pass back to Richard are you ready okay thanks John there's no one a bit of a freeze on my screen I'm not quite sure why that has here we go so look I think that was fantastic John to be honest in terms of understanding the additional analysis that we can do on that data and really need to design monitoring programs to be most effective both from a cost perspective and from an analysis of the actual risks in terms of this last part of the presentation is just to make you aware of what Hydrotera has to provide that continuous data and I suppose based on John's presentation be aware that we also have the resources to collect those other parameters as environmental parameters that John mentioned that secondary influences such as tidal level and groundwater level we can certainly rent to or provide you with limited solutions for those as well what do we have in our continuous ground gas monitoring fleet at the moment we have about 18 I think it is gas clams which provides you with continuous data logging we do have a telemetry module that can be attached to that but there are battery change aspects to be aware of so it depends on how long you want to deploy that for we have a large number of ambi-sense units which do provide limited data we have recently completed trials with a plexus unit which allows us to have many nodes around a landfill and it has sort of radio telemetry back to a central repository which means the total cost of where you've got many locations let's say more than five for example becomes a very cost effective way to collect from multiple locations it also has the ability to be customised for other VOCs for example and John mentioned the gas sentinel well they're developing up their latest version of that which is due for release in 12 months and at that stage that will become available through Hydroterra for use in Australia so I'll probably skip over this so we've got some time for questions and at this stage I will have a look at what we have in the question side of things I can find the question box alright we have four questions at the moment first question is hi John in your opinion is there any value in undertaking leak testing of landfill gas bores okay thank you Richard is there I would imagine that the answer to that would be yes and there's also maybe not so much yes the reason I say that is that we can actually see or we can continue to use continuous data and in fact spot monitoring data as well you'll be able to tell if you've got atmospheric ingress just by looking at the results so if you take just use a simple ratio calculator you take the sort of ratio of nitrogen in air sorry nitrogen in air to oxygen in ratios 4 to 1 okay so if you take your ground gas readings and then once you calculate your balance that remains within the borehole monitoring results so let's say that was 20% that was left as a balance and let's assume that you had 5% oxygen left from your downhole reading the divided by 20 by 5 and that comes out of the borehole and that to me would indicate you've got a leak well so that's potentially another way of looking at it or determining whether they're any good but you've also got to consider as well the stratigraphy around your monitoring well and where there is an actual pathway so actually would you expect to see air getting down there if it's all sandy soils and the response so that's only a couple of metres there you may well just have air in the ground anyway so again another straight forward answer but it's again looking at the data working out you have to take some air in the press and then thinking about site specifics to see when there is a leak or it's not a well-sealed and again you can't do a leak test as well I hope that helps Thanks for that John next question what are the differences between the flow rate measurement between a gas flux and the GA5000 I often find the flow rates recorded with a gas flux are much higher than with a GA5000 even after numerous spot monitoring events is this simply due to the ability to capture more data over a longer period of time that's a really good question we've seen a lot so good luck with that one John Okay well funnily enough I do know what we're talking about we've seen it we've seen it too with the streets I don't have any experience with gas flux so I can't answer it on its behalf but I do know that with different instruments they do tend to use different technologies for measuring flow so it depends what technology it is using and it might have specific requirements for doing that for instance we have an instrument over here that you have to tell it what the gas concentrations are first to get an accurate flow because of the different densities of the gas whereas with the GA5000 I think it's an orifice plate which just uses a pressure differential across the orifice to give it a flow so they will vary with ours and it also depends particularly what gases they've been calibrated against so most of them if not all of them they tend to be done with air and if your gas isn't recording not air and very different in terms of density or buoyancy of temperature then that can change the results to this way so you can also do this there's also a temperature flow potentially that may be the best solution again so the answer is complicated and complex but it's a whole number of factors but the key one behind that is the monitoring the sense of it is that right that answers the question thanks John it's a little bit hard to hear you sometimes I'm not sure if you're learning back from the microphone every now and again just letting you know the next question how big a diameter monument do you need for the gas sentinels is that like the head works the monument correct fairly small so we tend to use something with an 8 inch head works what's that 200mm something like that diameter and we probably need about 300mm in height so yeah fairly small really but a bigger one all the better we get much better handles get your hands down the sides we can get it 8 inch head works or monument okay the next one you should know pretty easily does the gas sentinel measure bore flow rate does indeed excellent answer are there any applications for this technology in monitoring beneath parks and forests it's an interesting question what the sort of risk driver is for those I know in certainly the UK in parks it's very common because most of them are landfills or closed landfills I don't know what it might be down in Victoria I suppose there is often incidences where vegetation dies because the root zone is saturated with the gases there's no oxygen that's wrong that wouldn't be another I suppose not all gas comes from landfills but if you start to see vegetation die back and so forth typically you're quite right Richard that's to do with generally oxygen starvation of the root zone if it's not actually contaminated soils themselves would be used there we've got one last question that comes out came in at 10.30 should the standing water level in the landfill gas monitoring boards be measured during every monitoring event if water is present in what circumstances is this a significant issue the answer to that one is yes you should as standard we record water level dips every time we're out there we also do the base dips as well so we can understand if that monitoring was silty good or not also quite useful if you accidentally write down the wrong number as you know when you're doing 50 of these things and then you need to double check with the logs that you have got the right so yes I would monitor it as well what are the circumstances this can be significant several ways really if you've got water in your well that goes above your response zone then you've essentially got a sealed system in there so you're not no longer monitoring sort of gases that are passing through the sort of unsaturated zone and the bedo zone all you're going to measure there headspace and effectively what gases are coming out of the groundwater so that's interesting to look at another one with water so we've got a heavy period of rainfall and water level rises in the ground and as that rises up and let's say it does go above the pressure in the monitoring well that goes above the response zone it certainly will you end up with a wider substantial pressure building up in that headspace and if you did your monitoring then at that time you would get really really high flow but you would see that you know if you've left that open it wouldn't take too long maybe a minute for that to even shorter for that to die down to another and we call that this thing so yes this was a few the areas there to watch out for with water Thanks very much John just to finish up great questions by the way thanks for all of those a couple of things that we've noticed over the years is soil moisture certainly plays its part in affecting these continuous readings as well so I guess just to sum up on what I've heard from John is that there are several factors that affect these measurements some are spatial some are temporal some relate to how these things are installed and it's also important to keep in mind the receptors in terms of confirming the risks that the models are telling us may exist probably the big take home for me was the the rigor of analysis with statistics to look at correlations between environmental conditions and our ground gas that is very important what hydroterra is doing with data stream which is our data hosting platform is developing these analytical approaches to allow you to plot those things against each other in real time which I think will help support the consultants making the management decisions on what to do about these things John many thanks for today and many thanks to all the attendees it's been a great turnout for this session obviously something that's of interest to a lot of people and that's it from hydroterra for the day thanks very much if you want to get in touch with John just flick us an email to hydroterra we can facilitate introductions if if you're after continuous ground gas data give us a call and we can assist you with that as well alright many thanks for your time thank you


How many project managers will they continue to lightbulb? One, turning it on or the virus go changing? Nice. Nice. Thank you very much. All right. Well, let's get started. So my name is Carrie Peppy. I am the project manager at Electric Citizen. Electric Citizen is a digital strategy design build agency in Minneapolis.  So me, most days, right? I wake up in the morning and I try to just be a decent person. The person my cat thinks I am, right? Treat people well. When you see people doing good things, scratching behind the ears, give them treats, just treat people well, right? I mean, that gets us quite a distance in life. And then as a project manager, I have some additional values that I think are really important for us to embody. First, being a very good listener and empathic or empathetic rather, empathic would be great. But empathetic, and someone who really listens well, who asks lots of questions. Because in the end, what I want to do during the course of a project is understand what it is that both my team and our clients want to get from the project. And I'm not just talking about user stories. It's like, what is personally bringing everybody to the table? What do they need in order to feel successful and like they've contributed to the project in a meaningful way? And so that means that I really prioritize building an authentic relationship with people. I want them to enjoy coming to meetings. I want them to enjoy working with me. And I really do find that if I've invested into the relationship up front, then when we hit the tricky bits of a project, like the part where there are difficult decisions to make, slightly challenging conversations to be had, all the effort that I've put into a relationship on the front end means that people are a little more willing to listen to me when I need them to or to trust my judgment or go the extra mile when I need them to go out on a limb for me. And as it turns out, that tool set of mine is nothing new. This is exactly what Dale Carnegie recommended over 80 years ago in his book, How to Make Friends and Influence People. He said, be friendly, be authentic, be positive, show an interest in people. And I'm sure it's obvious, but I really do believe that it's a project manager's job to just be relentlessly positive about the project and the people involved and our power to do something really awesome. I solidly believe that the Dale Carnegie slash Carrie Peppy approach works 90% of the time. But there is that 10% of the time, right? That 10% of the time when gosh darn it, people aren't doing what I want them to do. They're not making the decisions I want them to make. And I'm the project manager. I don't have direct power over people. I've got influence, hopefully. But I can't go in there and take names and kick patootie across the room, or hopefully. And so it's in those moments that I just feel like being nice and positive just isn't enough. That Dale Carnegie toolbox is falling short. Now, I'm not somebody who's going to go for the nuclear option, right? I'm not going to do an end run to somebody's boss or just unload on somebody during a meeting. I have no interest in developing an inner Walter White. That's not me. But there are moments when my inner hag really, really needs to have to make herself heard. And when I want to get people to do things or to make specific decisions, and there's a problem person, a problem person who's giving me a whole lot of nope. And I want that person, my inner hag, just wants that person to utter the most three magical words in the entire English language as you wish, right? I want people to be my sweet Wesley. So last year, I started reading books on online marketing. Have folks heard of Evil by Design at all? It's just outlines. It's a book that outlines different strategies that are employed in online experiences to nudge people to do certain things, to shape the way that we think about things, to persuade us to take specific actions. And as I'm reading all of this, I'm just like, huh? You know, why aren't I using some of these tools in my job for that special 10% of the time? And so it, asking that question, then prompted me to read a few additional books. There's a great one called How to Get People to Do Stuff. Highly recommended as well. And so anyway, I thought to myself, well, how can I use some of these techniques to help me in moments when I need to influence decisions, influence actions, and manage or shape relationships? So let's walk through some of these tools and how they can be helpful. So that first moment, when somebody's maybe not exactly on board with what you're suggesting, maybe they've got some doubt lingering in their mind. Again, if I've invested in the relationship, hopefully people are predisposed to trust me, but if they aren't, there's a little tool that marketers use called social proof. So the deal is that as human beings, we look to others for validation of our decisions and actions. There's a whole herd mentality that we just, we will follow right along if given enough evidence. And we see this all the time online, right? We see reviews and ratings and testimonials and white papers and just all that stuff that we're adding to websites. Well, we can employ this same technique when we're working with clients. So as you're promoting a strategy that you can see somebody's not quite on board with, make sure that you're giving them evidence, proof that indeed your idea will work. It's even more powerful if you present your proof with images and names attached to them so that people are making a connection to the folks that you're using as evidence. It's also really helpful to make sure that the person who is the decision maker hears the message multiple times from different sources. So, and I'm not proud of this, but I, you know, might, if I know I've got somebody who's a problem, I might reach out to someone who I know is their colleague and just prep them for a potential conversation with this decision maker to review that how the strategy has worked for them. Social proof is really most helpful if it's coming from our peers and our allies, for example. So, again, reaching out to clients to help you or other people within the organization to help you move somebody past doubt or good strategies which I've used. And it's also, the other thing I want to point out is the value of having the right person at the table. Now, this is going to sound kind of ishy, but the deal is that we've got our reptile brain and we've got our conscious brain, right? And our reptile brain is just in the background all the time assessing the people around us and trying to decide if they're safe, if they're not, if they're good, if they're not, if we should trust them, if we shouldn't. And we are more likely to trust people who are the same age as us, who dress the same way that we do and who just seem more like us. So, you want to make sure that whoever's on your team delivering the message is a good match for the decision maker. Now, sometimes it's not just about doubt. Sometimes it's about really facing a head-on difference of opinion. And social proof really might not be enough if you're facing the cliffs of insanity kind of augured in person. The deal is that people do not like to admit that they're wrong. And it's really hard to get us to change our minds. Dale Carnegie talks about how you don't ever really win an argument. If you lose it, you've lost it. And if you win it, you've lost the person that you're arguing with, right? So, how can we work around these? Well, there are two concepts in persuasion psychology that can be helpful. And that is those are cognitive dissonance and confirmation bias. And you can use both of those to your advantage. So, when someone is augured in, be aware of confirmation bias. The deal is that once we've got an opinion, we are going to do everything we can to interpret facts and find information that supports our existing beliefs. And actually, the smarter that people are, the better they are at doing that. I always pride myself on being a very rational person. And it turns out I'm probably not. None of us really are. We've got our beliefs and we hang on to them. You aren't going to change somebody's fundamental beliefs, but you can work your way around it.  First of all, pointing out the areas of similarity and consensus and demonstrate if there are places, find them. Find the places where people are doing exactly what you want them to do. Point that out. And that those two steps are going to help you build the affinity that that reptile brain is looking for. And throughout this, don't go negative. Be positive. Be aspirational. Highlight the advantages and the wins that your solution gives the decision maker. I'm going to talk even more about come back to this, but I want to move ahead now to cognitive dissonance. So cognitive dissonance is that in the gut discomfort that happens when our attitudes and beliefs and actions are out of sync. The perfect example of that is, like my mother-in-law, she smokes. She smokes a lot. And she also prides herself on being a healthy person, which doesn't exactly jive with all the advice about how bad smoking is for you. But her rationale is that smoking helps her maintain a healthy weight. And so they are good for her. And she can maintain that inner story of I'm a healthy person and get rid of the cognitive dissonance. If we as project managers have been acute observers of the decision makers and the people around the table with us, we hopefully know something of the story that people are telling themselves. I'm a healthy person or I am a forward thinking leader or I value X. If you can pick out the threads of a story, you can then start wearing away or manipulating cognitive dissonance. Additional strategies for dealing with this? Well, first of all, you can manipulate. So I want to make a point. First, you can manipulate cognitive dissonance. I also want to point that you can, if you think somebody is kind of iffy, you want to give them reasons to be happy with the decision and just bypass that cognitive dissonance altogether, right? If that's not possible, then we move into the part where we're thinking, okay, what's going through this person's brain? What is the story? What are the threads that are coming together here that are creating the cognitive dissonance? And as you're talking with people, reinforce the parts of the story that are aligned with your goal. And then finally, walk people through steps that increase their commitment to a decision. So again, you're not coming head-on at someone. You're not trying to just change them like that, but you're just inching them along the path toward the decision that you want them to make. And a really easy example of this is like design decisions, right? Okay, you like this layout. You like this color, this set of colors. You like the way that this is presented. You like that as presented. And as you gain more and more commitment to the elements of the design pretty soon, the person is going to be on board with the whole thing. And if there is something that they're just not quite comfortable with, well, okay, that's some cognitive dissonance. I really like this, and I like what you're saying, but what about that part? Well, they will internally make the shift away from the problem part, the part that there's a dislike. They will diminish the extent to which that influences their decisions as the commitment to the parts that they like increases. And having somebody walk through this, make these kind of commitments publicly, really just augurs somebody in. Once you say you're on board with something, it's really hard to dial back from it, right? So you can tailor a meeting around this, right? Now, I want to share a case study. An example, a very vague example, but an instance where we ran into this. So we have a client who is really committed to a specific way of managing content and a specific kind of editorial experience. And one that involves lots of hand-entered markup on pages. And that's not our approach, right? We want to do paragraphs and bricks and all kinds of good things that you shouldn't need to do a lot of HTML and it's not good to have all, I mean, this is the old argument, right? We don't want a lot of that hand-constructed code on pages. So this person, his story, his story was that he's a power editor, that he is a really good content manager and creates great pages and great websites. And his strategies worked all the time. Like, that's what he wanted. And the conflict was around the fact that we didn't want to build that because we didn't think it was sustainable. And there were just these, you know, voluminous base posts and continuing conversations about where he really, really, really harped on how important it was. Well, we needed to stop spending time on that. So we had a meeting and our tactics were one, to put the right person in charge of the conversation. I wasn't the match. There was a person on our team who was the same age range and shared some very similar experiences so could speak to that and develop that very important rapport and affinity with the person. Through the presentation, we accentuated the positive and the reinforces, excuse me, the experiences and history that this person had and how, yes, yes, you know, you've been very successful at this. You've done great work. It definitely was an approach in the past that worked. We understand that. Again, we're not hitting any of this head on. We're just constantly sidling up to it and developing, again, increasing the affinity between both of us. Then we walked him through our preferred methods and approach and definitely highlighted how they were going to help him meet his desire to produce good pages. It was another part of his story. He's a power user who produces really good pages. We have the tools that are going to help you produce that. We're reinforcing the important points of his story. But then we're left with a bit of cognitive dissonance, right? Because he's clinging to the old methods and yet, here we've got these new tools. Again, we were able to, by reinforcing the connection between his story and his goals and aspirations, we were able to move him past that lingering dissonance, that lingering, like, ah, I don't know if I can do this, to a point where he really just fully embraced him. The takeaway from me, from that experience, is just recognizing how important it is to be really clear about how people are representing themselves and how we can use shape a conversation to then move people past conflict into a, like, where we want them to be. A choice of last resort is to plant seeds of doubt. We're familiar with push-pull techniques, where they frame up a situation as, if this politician were found to be sleeping with people outside of his marriage, would you still vote for him? Now, that whole scenario that I outlined as the negative one, the sleeping situation, a politician having an affair, that might not be true. And it usually isn't in push-pulls. They outline something that's not actually ever happened. But by planting that seed of doubt, it stays in our minds and actually lingers and has a reverberating effect on our decisions. And I'll confess, as a tactic of last resort, I will start framing questions as, well, now, what is a user going to, how is a user going to feel if, blah, blah, blah? How is a person higher up in the position of power going to feel, or what is that person going to think if negative situation happens? Boy, what do you think you're going to do? I mean, I don't think it's totally fair, but it's a good tactic to have in your back pocket. And then also, another strategy is to make references to loss. As human beings, we are more concerned with preventing loss than with big wins. And so if you can identify ways in which the solution that you don't want somebody to take has some very negative consequences and means that they would be giving up time, money, whatever, be sure to mention those. It means taking a step back from all the positive that I talked about earlier. So again, I would keep it as a tactic of last resort. So then, my second question, how can I get people to do my bidding? First, make it easy for them to do it. When you're presenting options on documents that you're putting in front of clients, maybe agendas or putting together a presentation, make sure that you prime people to choose your preferred option through the use of labels. Note when something is recommended or preferred. And put that option at the top of a short list of other alternatives. Adding imagery can also strengthen something. When I see an image, I'm more likely to hang on to it. Let's see, list it as the first option. And then limit the choices that people have and use concise language. If you don't want people to spend a lot of time thinking about something, be concise. If you want them to slow down and really take time to process things, use dense language that they just can't zip through during a meeting. Outline how it's difficult to not take your preferred option. And then consider changing the agenda so that this decision that you want to be made is one of the last things that you deal with. People run out of energy. They run out of bandwidth, right? So take advantage of the fact that they're not going to be able to put as much into a conversation if they've run out of it. Give something to get something. And again, this is another one of those, I realize I do it more than I thought I did. Do a favor for a client. And call it out is that. The deal is that as human beings, we don't like feeling that we're in debt to people.  This is why they hand out samples in stores, right? This is why on websites we offer people white papers and books and that kind of thing.  And if some time has passed in between, be sure to remind people of what you did for them. It can still be powerful. Another strategy is to go big and then ask for what you want. When you want, if you're looking for a commitment to a certain size project, don't start there. Start as something that you know they really aren't likely to say yes to. They'll feel guilty about not doing it and then offer up your alternative as, well, here's a better position. How about this? And because people will feel guilty about saying no the first time, they're more likely to say yes to you and you'll get the thing that you actually want. It's all about just taking advantage of guilt. Make sure that the big ask is... acknowledge rather that the big ask is uncomfortable and as I said, present your new request as a compromise and as you are putting it out there, make sure that you share what you have in common. Again, reinforce affinity, a herd mentality, the connection that you have with your client as you're doing that. So then the last thing, how do I manage, can I use these techniques to manage relationships? Okay, this is what I'm trying to avoid, right?  As it turns out, flattery is one of the most effective tools for getting on somebody's good side. The deal is that we as human beings, we know when people are flattering us. I'm no Princess Buttercup. I know that. But my goodness, if somebody wants to tell me that I am a striking beauty, my brain is going to go, why yes, I am.  I'm going to feel connected toward that person and I'm going to be more likely to do something nice for that person. The effect carries last much longer than we expect. And it's also, if you're going to use flattery, the trick is to flatter them in a way that matches kind of what you want to get out of them. So, if I need somebody to do something, I'm going to say, oh, now I remember when you did this thing really, really well. The code that you wrote, this, the way you built this, was just, oh my goodness, it was just so awesome. I am totally going to reference that. And then I'm going to throw out my big ask at the same time as the flattery. Another strategy is to ask a favor. So, if you think that somebody's maybe not, like quite in sync, maybe you're not really feeling the love between each other, ask the person to do you a favor. It doesn't have to be just a small one. What happens is, again, we're invoking cognitive dissonance to our advantage. We have just put the person in the position of going, huh, I don't like you, but I did something nice for you, but I don't like you, but I did something nice to you. Well, I don't do things for people I dislike, so I must like you. I mean, honest to goodness, this really does happen. It's called the Ben Franklin effect. So, finally, exploit your own mistakes. People will trust you more if you're willing to be open about your flaws. And even if you're tempted to hide it, just put it out there, and again, use it as an opportunity to create a relationship with someone and build trust upon it. The best advice I ever got when I was younger is bad news doesn't get better with age, right? Owning up to a problem or a mistake makes us seem more human. And if you're really desperate, go ahead and manufacture something. I know, shocking. It's a Machiavellian approach, but manufacturing a problem gives people a reason to come back and trust you. So, I'm running really close on time. Takeaways from this. Look for cognitive dissonance and confirmation bias as you're working with people. Understand their stories in a way that lets you exploit the threads, the pieces that you can, and shift them out of the space where you don't want them to be. Use reciprocity to your advantage. Do favors for people. Ask them for favors. Exploit flattery. Definitely exploit flattery. But now then, with all of that, 90% of the time, be a nice person, keep the Prince Humperdick card in your back pocket, the 10% for when you need it, and have fun storming the castle. All right, thank you. Not your only great representation, but you also have great character.  Thank you. Let's talk offshore. All right, all right. All right, do you have what you need? Yes, I do.


Raw tools transforms guns into garden tools. We take something that can destroy life and we turn it into a tool to cultivate life, to cultivate health, richness, and life. And that's what transformation is. We're about transformation, transformation of guns to tools and transformation of hearts from fear and from violence to love, to non-violence, and to a new way.


Guys, not only was this a lesson in Madden, it's a lesson in dropping your nuts. Sometimes you just gotta go win the game. You can't allow the game to cheat you. When you're put in a position to get that W, make a big play, go and get it. Because at the end of the day, whether you lose or win the game, man, you can never have any regrets. You can never say, damn, I should have did this, I should have did that. That's a lot of how I won my belt, man. If there was a fourth down, I went and got it. If I had a pass or run, if I was up in there, I did not play safe. Let it fly, let it hang. Because at the end of the day, you have no regrets. That's the best way to play Madden, man. I've been grinding Twitch streams all the day. Twitch.tv slash dub, that those links are below. Make sure you guys check it out live. If you guys want some merch, needygamingstore.com. Make sure you cop up, man. These are fresh. These are flying off the shelves. Because this is how we play the game, man, with physicality. So make sure you guys check that out as well. But if you like these gameplays, man, please get this one to 800 likes. And I'll drop another one. I just played problem last night on the mic. So that's a must watch, man. So make sure you guys get this to 800 likes and let's get a pop. And this was actually against a former Cincinnati Bengals club champion, my man, Chichi Rideau or Free the Penguins. Actually played him on the leaderboards, man. He's been grinding the leaderboards. I think he might have the most games played over 200, which is insane. I think I play a lot with like 70 and these guys are really grinding. So make sure you guys check this out. Like and subscribe. I appreciate it. My man, Chichi Rideau is a former club series champion. So none of these games are going to be easy. And he's running a bunch. A lot of you guys are running a bunch. A lot of people are running a bunch. They're mixing it up in this game. I'm pretty much just going to play a lot of cover three. And right there we get smoked by Tyreek Hill early. Worst way to give up a touchdown is the first drive, a big play where you don't have to make them work. And I told you guys a million times, man, the more of their offensive plays you can see, the better you'll be able to play defense the rest of the way in the game. But I only saw two plays. So not too much information game that play. And he's running the man, two man cover one robber. If you guys are having any trouble with that, man, make sure you check out my sub only streams on Wednesday. We talk about beating man coverage a lot. It's one of the main topics. So if you guys are struggling with that, check out my stream on Wednesday. It's a great way for you guys to get better at the game as Lamar Jackson on the run overthrows that. I want to dump it off here to Mr. Barry Sanders just really making plays in the passing game. That's why I love Barry. Obviously he's the fastest in the game.  Get us to a fourth and eight early in the game in route to Dr. Michael Finley. I will tell you, man, if there's a must have card on offense, I'm leaning towards Dr. Michael Finley. He is an absolute animal. So you guys check that out, man. If you guys don't have him go up top fade Tyree kill.  Tyree kill strikes were tied up right where we're back to be. As they say in tennis, man, we are back on serve. Ty game him getting the ball. Got to play a little bit of defense here. I guess I'm just rushing three. That's been kind of the meta so far. I'm trying to mix in a little nickel normal. Madden turf actually has a new e-book out on defense. So if you guys are struggling, make sure you check that out. Those links are also below. My Seattle offense is out right now. So make sure you guys get all the opportunities you can to get that. Asante Samuel bestie be in the game. Huge play right there. Making a pick on the wheel route a little cover three cloud. Absolutely bagging right there. So we got to make a pick. We got to go underneath. We got to take our yards. We got to do what we can. Like I said, he's in the man coverage. Finley again, just a baby out route. Absolute dominant tight end. I don't think there's somebody can man up on him at all. Another little Barry Sanders route underneath. Got to try to get that in the end zone. Too many bodies to make miss for real. Inside the five yard line. Get the ball here to Miles Sanders. Getting a guess no yards on that. We got to use a little bit of clock here. Hopefully he can't get the ball. We're throwing underneath. My man Tyreco. We have a third in goal right now. Got to get seven. Don't want to settle for three. We run the screen and do I got the worst blocker ever? Like just bad stick, bad blocking, everything. But I settled for three. Take the lead. I get the ball a half. So we're cool. One more big stop and we'll be looking really nice. If we can finish this game out a minute. 29 the runoff second half. I feel good.  That's the goal right here on this here drive. Just keep everything in front of me. Can't give up a touchdown. That's the worst case scenario. We're playing great. Hits this slant over here to Drew Bennett. Now Drew Bennett's a dog. Honestly, he's one of the better receivers in the game right now. Tyreco rolls out. Throws this corner out. Can't let him get his feet in here and knock him out of bounds. Good job right there. Buy my safety. Getting him up out of bounds. They changed the rule in NFL. You can get hit out of bounds and it won't count. Remember when they used to have push out, push out rules? That's really old. I'm just showing you guys how old I am with the push out rules. Goes for a will around here. Catches it in bounds. Bad third and five defense. So he's in field goal range. We can't give up a touchdown. That's pretty much the goal once this happens. And we just get drugged 10 yards right there. And the next play he runs. And we're just trying to hold him out the end zone. Don't use any timeouts. It's getting rough for him. And he goes quarterback draw and sneaks in the end zone. How do we not grab him right there and keep him from the end zone? But he takes the lead at half 14 to 10. We have 15 seconds left. Three timeouts. I have done more with less. Got to make sure we get some points here. That would be huge considering I get the ball at half. We'll go up here to the corner route and we're just covered in six seconds. I mean, I've done more with less.  We're going to have time. Here it is. Listen, we're in a barn burner. That's what some of these Man 21 games are. Burn, barn burners. Let me know if you guys are having fun on the game. Or not. I did my podcast tonight, man. And I think the game's pretty good. You know, I asked everybody one out of 10. So let me know below. Give me your one out of 10 for Madden 21 so far. I know it's probably been a week, little early to judge. But man, one out of 10. Just let me know that in the chat. What is your rating on Madden 21, man? Because right now I'm sitting around 7-5, honestly. So let me know what you guys think. But this is the third quarter drive. Got to make a play here and we're going up top. Clayton. Boom. Mark Clayton. Miami Dolphin. Great. Great addition to the Mutt this year. I've never had him in Mutt before. At least I don't think so. Corner route. Who's that? Drew Bennett. Big catch right there. Boom. Touchdown. We're up by three now. Great drive. Mark Clayton. Like I said, a great addition. One of the best receivers that played with Dan Marino. Dupre and Clayton were the marks that played with Dan Marino. So having had that car before, he's really good because his route running is really tough. That deep route running, medium route running, and the speed. Clayton is definitely a boss. So we have the lead back. Got to make a play. He goes up top. Overthrown. Lamar makes some plays, doesn't he? He just really, to have this mobile quarterback this early in the game is tough. Really tough to play against. But long as you have him too, that's fine, man. So make sure you're utilizing that Lamar Jackson. If you guys were running anybody else a quarterback, I mean, who could it be? Get him to a second and 10. He's one of those guys. Pretty much runs. It's either verticals or that Pat's sale play mixed up for the most part. Nothing too complicated here.  Why can't it just go to one of my defenders? Please, fourth and four. Can we get off the field? Nice re-going over the top, hitting the tight end. Over the middle. I bit on the underneath route. Really tried to take that out on that fourth and short. But we're cool, man. We're all right. He's not in the end zone. 15-yard line. My back is up against the wall. We got to stand up for ourselves right here. That's all it is. We get the big sack right there by Elvis Doomerville. Second and 15. What's he looking for now? He has nothing goes underneath to the running back route. We tackle him out of bounds. Third and long right now. He's going to look for that corner route. But we send the heat.  We're cool. Money drive time. Two minutes, 52 seconds, three timeouts. I have done more with way less. This is a lot. This is almost too much. You know this isn't going to end on his drive. There's no way this is a YouTube video if this ends in his three minutes. Or could it? We shall see. Hit the corner route over there. My man Drew Bennett. Pretty much unguardable there in the slot. We're going to dump it off in there. Mr. Barry Sanders. Oh, we'll get by one person first down. Closing in on the two minute warning. Right here we want to take Lamar. Hit this out route. Drew Bennett got to stay in bounds right here. Tried to fall, but I full sent on the dive. So we're already at the two minute warning inside the 10. He drops everybody in coverage. Only two people rushed. We're just taking up time right here with Lamar Jackson. If you want to do this, make them pay and we get sacked. Huge play right there to get a sack. We go for a screen on second down. Big play potential. And 75 is the slowest guy on my team. Boom. So third and nine first down wins the game. Touchdown pretty much wins the game. We got to draw our best play up here. We got to go ahead and find a dot for the back of the end zone. We know it's only going to be a two man rush. We got to make a play here. We got to go home on it. That's what I mean. If there's an opportunity to make a play, go out there and make a play. He rushes three. We get out of the pocket. Lamar Jackson want to journal in the end zone and fumble the ball. Not only do we fumble the ball, but it's going for a oppo Baja. Oppo Baja. Yeah, oppo Baja. Oppo Baja is the worst Baja. What's called the oppa Baja? The oppo Baja is bad, bad. So we're down by seven, but that's why they watch. Now I have 56 seconds, three timeouts, and I certainly have done more with less. Plenty of time to go get a touchdown. So we're feeling good. Just got to utilize the time right. Get the ball right here. To my man, Miles Sanders, get out of bounds. That saves me a timeout. That's the key. Anytime you can get out of bounds in these situations, please do another one. Drag route, pick up only about eight yards, but the clock stop. When the clock is stopped, you can catch your breath. You can calm down. Same thing. Drag route, Finley, pick up 11. First down, clock stop. Used about six seconds so far. We're definitely moving down the field. This play we're going to roll out.  Wheel route, tie, recal, stopped. The wheel route stops. Boom. Two yard line. I have three timeouts. Plenty of time. Plenty of time. We're going to call a timeout. We're going to gather ourselves right here. We have plenty of time. We have your Michael Finley in the backfield. He's a boss. A hog on a full back dive. Can't be stopped. Touchdown. Now you know what? A lesser man will kick this extra point and go to overtime, but I like what I saw right there. I actually have the reach forward ability on to Michael Finley. We're going to go aggressive, aggressive. We're going to full sentence because if I get a holding penalty, I'll go to overtime. But you know what? I like what I saw. I like your Michael aggressive blocking, aggressive ball carrier. Fight for the end zone to Michael Finley. Ah, touchdown or two pointer. We take the lead. There it is. 1.27 seconds left. One timeout. That's how you drop your nuts. Go for the lead. Big plays, man. Dropped my nuts with Lamar. Didn't work. He fumbled to the crib. But right there, you got to go for two. Got to put the pressure on him. Joe Michael Finley is the best tight end and the best full back in the game, I promise. Goes for the corner route here. We push him out of bounds again. 21 seconds left on his own 25-yard line. One tackle in bounds and we'll be feeling good about getting out of here with a win. Cannot give up a field goal right here. Can't give up a field goal. So I'm playing safe. I dropped my clouds back really far. That's why I was able to hit this corner route and pick up 20 yards on the ground. 16 seconds got out of bounds. He still has a timeout left. I'm playing safe. I'm playing safe right here again. He's going to go ahead and hit this slant. Little bit too safe. Gets out of bounds. 41-yard line. I'm feeling the pressure now. One more play like that. I'm going to lose this game. One more play like that. I can't let him throw the ball there, but I can't let him hit a corner route either. What is your play called here? I'll tell you what. It feels like a Wolverine and he put his back up against the wall and you just, you got a prounce. You got to make it look the same, but you got to send the crib and just make a play. That's what I want to do. Send the crib, lurk the first read and hope he gets sacked or makes a mistake. And because I got to get off the field, I can't let him get any more yards. Sack. Just like that, man. Huge play. Huge call right there. Can't allow him to get anything easy. We sent the crib. We got the sack. Now we can drop into a little man coverage. Only rush to box. End of the game. Ball is up. Swatted away. GGs. Huge play calls in that game. Huge execution. Huge fight. And way to really go get a win, man. So I hope you guys learned just a little bit about that game. If you did, hit that like button.


This is stock number 11401. We are here at Summit on Motov in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin. You're new and used heavy-duty truck and RAM headquarters. Today, we are checking out this super clean 2019 Ram 2500 crew cab short box Laramie. This truck has the 6.7 liter Cummins diesel. It has been fully safety dan inspected by our service shop as a fresh oil and filter change. All the fluids have been checked and topped off and this truck is 100% ready to go. Granite crystal metallic is the color. We shoot all of our videos in 1080p 60 frames per second. So if you have HD capabilities on your computer tablet or smartphone device, turn them on right now because it is definitely your best way to check out the quality and condition of the vehicle before seeing it in person. And if you'd like to check out all the photos on this truck in the upper right hand part of your screen is a link to our website, click that and check us out there. It comes with the 20 inch polished aluminum rims and it has Firestone Transforce LT28560R20 tires. These tires look like they have right around 60% of the tread left on them, maybe a little bit more. Framing under bodies in really nice shape. This is a one owner clean title history, clean auto check vehicle out of mid Illinois. LED running lights, LED head lamps and LED fog lamps. The front bumper is in excellent condition. I didn't see any dents or dings on there. It does come with the front bumper parking sensors, the tow hooks and the chrome trim to grill. The hood is in excellent condition as well. No dents or dings on that. And the passenger side front fender is in excellent condition as well. Passenger side rim, no scuffs or scrapes. And as you go down this side of the truck, take note of how clean the body is, how reflective and mirror like that paint is. We take these HD videos so if you are far away or even if you're close by and you just cannot make the trip down but you're still interested in purchasing the vehicle, you can see the truck, hear the truck and have confidence in the vehicle before seeing it in person. That is why we offer the Summit Auto Fast Pass option in the upper right hand part of your screen. A link right to our website where you can apply for financing, get pre-approved, see a payment quote, even appraise a trade all from the comfort of your own home. So when you do get here, there's absolutely no surprises. Back tires have just as much tread as those front tires, if not a little bit more. And the frame and underbody like the front just as clean, very, very nice. Very little to no corrosion and it has all the remaining factory exhaust. Lower rockers look good and you do get the factory WAM step bars on here. Get the fender flares with the Laramy package. This one comes with the curl tipped exhaust. Rear bumper is in excellent condition as well. No dents or dings on that. And you do get the full towing package which gives you the receiver hitch, seven pin and four pin wiring. Tailgate's nice and clean. You get the LED tail lamps. Has a shock down assist tailgate. Comes with a truck trends spray and bed liner of champagne Illinois. That's in really nice shape. Do get the side box tie downs there. And I didn't see any major dents or dings in there. Tailgate shuts nice and solidly. I like the Laramy badge on the back. There's kind of that pounded metal look to it. On the outline. Down the driver's side just as clean as that passenger side. No dents or dings in the box. And for full disclosure this back room excellent condition as well. Driver's side doors look really good. It does come with the heated fold up tow mirrors. They also fold in. Now they have built in blind spot monitoring. You have LED side lights and directional signals in those mirrors. Inside the Laramy package gives you the black leather and suede interior. There are no rips. There are no tears on the seats. You get the gray piping on there. Driver's side lumbar. Both these seats are heated and cooled. Factory floor mats throughout. Auto headlamps, power pedals and audio controls on the back of the steering wheel. Get the wood grain trim and suede bolster there. Power windows, power locks, power mirrors. Memory driver's seat and these mirrors do power fold in. I always like showing both sides so that you know that both sides are working nicely.  So you got to press this top button. Then select which mirror you want to adjust. And if you look at that outside mirror you can actually power adjust that. So you can look at the comm on the wall. And that's a pretty neat feature that they just came out with on this new body style 2500. We'll take a look at the instrument cluster and let you check out all the options on here and on the radio. You can see that this one has 13,596 miles. You get the 7 inch LCD display. Digital speedometer, time, you can do compass, temperature, miles per gallon, all that good stuff. Then you have your battery life and then your battery charge and then your oil temperature right there. You can change those corners to read whatever you'd like. Comes with the heated leather wrap steering wheel cruise controls and gear selectors on the right, Bluetooth and information center controls on the left. Now because this one has a diesel you still get the six speed automatic transmission with the column shift here. This one has the 12 inch Uconnect 4C radio which gives you AM FM and Sirius XM radio capabilities. You can see you get the full factory navigation screen there. There's your radio controls.  And you can check out your backup camera as well. So you can check that out. What's really cool about the backup camera is you can zoom in on your receiver hitch so you can get hooked up to your boat camper or trailer the first time every time. And then the other neat thing about that camera, if I can get back to it here, is that it's HD. Everything is super crystal clear and those grid lines are dynamic meaning that they turn as you turn that steering wheel and that center line of course lines right up with your receiver hitch. So you can exit that and then you also have all your different apps on here including your projection manager which is right there where you can project your cell phone to the screen. So if you have a navigation system that you like better than the factory one such as ways or Google Maps you can project it to the screen and use that on the screen so it works with music and media and stuff. We actually did demo on Android Auto and the upper right hand part of the screen is a link to that video if you want to check it out.  You get the cup holders here with the slide center console, 115 volt 400 watt plug-in down there and a spot to set your cell phone, passenger side floor mat and seats are in excellent condition as well no rips or tears and that this truck smells very clean inside I don't think it's ever been smoked in and you do get the speakers in the ceiling part of that Alpine premium sound system.  Home link buttons for your garage door security systems and lane systems well take a quick look at the back seats and then we'll check out under the hood and start it up. Back seats are just as nice as front seats no rips or tears back here. Do you get the latch child safety system for any child car seats you may want to put back here, power sliding rear window with that built-in rear defrost, you get the suede and leather combo and the gray piping back here as well. There is a load floor underneath these seats which is nice if you got muddy boots or tools put them on there you're not going to recognize leather seats so if you got pets they got a nice flat place to lay if you lay both sides down and then underneath here is a winter front and storage. Other side has a subwoofer underneath it and then you get in floor storage on each side with removable removable containers for easy cleaning put ice and drinks in there and it's like you have two main coolers wherever you go. Two more usbs and two more usb c's back here as well as another 115 volt 400 watt plug-in get that same trim on the back doors and child safety locks on the back doors as well. We will start it up and take a quick look under the hood. Starts right up you can see there's no check engine lights or anything going on in there and while we're at it we'll check out all the lights. Also check out the cargo cams or cargo lights so you can check out them that's how you get those lights on with the cargo lights you got those led headlamps running lights and fog lights and I would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today and hopefully from this hd video we'll have been able to tell just how clean this truck is all the way around inside no under the hood we have these 6.7 liter cums diesel engine bay is very clean runs very smooth once again this truck has been fully safe and inspected by our service staff has a fresh oil and filter change all the fluids have been checked and topped off and this truck is 100% ready to go I would highly recommend this truck from a quality and condition standpoint I just didn't see a dent or ding or scratch on it and to see more pictures of this truck or one of our other 450 new and used cars trucks scvs minivans wranglers half tons three quarter tons one tons you name it we got it go to our website right there www.summitauto.com full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle from two locations all at summitauto.com and if you'd like to check out more hd videos you can go to youtube.com slash summit auto remember to like subscribe and share on this video and all the videos that you see there in fact in a second you will see link to subscribe to our youtube channel and your lefty links more ram 2500 truck videos like this to 90 right if you have not been to our website on the bottom link to this vehicle on our website click those check us out and we really look forward to helping with this extremely clean 2019 ram 2500 crew cab shortbox Laramie in brannock christmas out with the Cummins diesel thanks again for checking out the video