And welcome to Power Up Hawai'i, where Hawai'i comes together to walk towards a clean, renewable and just energy future. I am your host, Raya Salter. I'm an energy attorney, clean energy advocate, and community outreach specialist. I'm also the principal attorney of Imagine Power, LLC. Today, we're going to take a look at important energy and utility news from Hawai'i, around the country, and the world, as reported in the last week. First, let's take a look at some recent developments in clean energy and clean energy policy in the islands. So interestingly, the Department of Hawaiian Homeland's Energy Efficiency Project kicks off. So the department, as we know, owns land across the Hawaiian Islands that it leases out on a 99-year lease basis, to residents of Hawaiian ancestry. Residents, many of whom own their own homes on the lease land, pay their own utility bills. Now, with Hawai'i sky-high rates for electricity, needless utility spending puts a major crimp in many people's finances. So Hawai'i Energy has partnered with Pono Homes, which is a Honolulu-based home efficiency company, to provide retrofits to Department of Hawaiian Homeland's residents free of charge. The program is funded through the state's barrel tax, which levies a small fee on each barrel of oil that gets imported to the Hawaiian Islands. The program covers free, high-efficiency fixture retrofits, which include LED lights, and will deliver energy educational materials as well. Now, the program kicked off early this month, and so far, the department residents participating in the program have received an average of about $400 worth of upgrades to their homes, with payback periods that should be achieved within one year. So this, I think, is excellent. As you've heard, energy efficiency is sort of one of the least sexy clean energy pieces, but it is, by far and away, the first go-to in order to save money, save money, take money off utility bills, and also save energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions and the related carbon co-pollutants. So it's incredibly important. This is a tool that can help folks save money on their energy bills. And it's fantastic that Hawaii Energy and Ponohong are going to deliver energy savings to folks who live on Hawaiian homelands. $400 is not insignificant, and I think when the news piece talked about needless spending, if you can get a more efficient light and some more efficient appliances, and that means that you're going to save $400 a year and that that particular technology pays for itself within one year, that's just a win-win. So fantastic work. Congratulations Hawaii Energy and congratulations, Ponohomes. In another story, Hawaii is straining to permit batteries as self-supply permits grow. So since Hawaii eliminated the net metering tariff, which allowed for folks to get solar panels and then sell solar back to the grid at the retail price of energy, the state rolled back that program. The state has still struggled to integrate solar into its electricity mix. So the two interim programs, one is which was called a grid supply option that had a cap to the number of folks who could participate. And a customer self-supply program was the name of the second program. So under these new systems, homeowners can install solar on the condition that it does not export electricity back to the grid. So you see what I'm saying, the old net metering program meant that you got that extra income stream because you could sell the power from your solar panels back to the utility at the same price, the retail rate at which you buy it. So now, no more of that. But the two programs that are the substitute programs are still attractive because the rates of electricity in Hawaii are so high. But to maintain a system of self-supply, homeowners need to access batteries. And on the island of Oahu at least, getting a permit for a battery system is lagging far behind the solar systems the utility is approving. By last week, 420 residential rooftop solar systems attached to batteries were ready to be installed as soon as the battery systems were given the go ahead. Unfortunately, the Honolulu Department of Planning and Permitting has given building permits to only 33, citing safety concerns. So, solar advocates say that the rapid shift from the net metering program made it impossible for manufacturers, consumers, and industry to start designing and installing solar systems with batteries on such sort notice. And that's the reason for the lag between approved systems and battery permits. So, very interesting. I think that in many ways, HECO deserves credit for really managing the largest percentage of rooftop solar penetration in the entire nation, which is up and creeping past 70%. However, the utility has still struggled to work with industry to walk forward to find a way how can we continue this integration of solar. And now batteries are becoming an issue. According to advocates, the net metering program was shut down. So, the net metering program was shut down. So, suddenly, that new systems didn't get a chance, new developers weren't able to develop systems that would be easy for regulators to permit in time. I think that's a credible argument. In some ways, it may be specious because this is not a new thing that folks were going to want battery plus solar power. So, if the technology isn't ready, query who's at issue or who's at fault for the lack of permitting. But in any regard, there is a clearly a 420 permits with the solar part ready to go and only 33 permits have been issued for the batteries. Certainly, that signals that there's a problem. So, I look forward to the utility, the regulators, and industry working together to get past these issues and help people get involved in these programs as they are obviously willing to do and asking for permits. So, next, we'll move on to a waste and energy story. So, Bioenergy Hawaii's waste to energy plans have become clear. Now, Bioenergy Hawaii won't begin construction on its privately funded resource recovery facility at the West Hawaii Concrete Quarry in Waikaloa until at least April 2018. Now, the company won't start taking a sizable bite out of Hawaii Island's solid waste accumulation, which currently registers at more than 500 tons a day until late 2019. The waste separation and anaerobic digesting plant will separate recyclable materials from other types of solid waste. It will then process organic waste and non-recyclable materials to create renewable biofuels and electricity to power its facility and trucks, as well to sell back to entities such as Hawaii Gas and Hawaii Electric Light Company. Compost will also be a byproduct. But Guy Cajino, General Manager of Bioenergy Hawaii, said the facility will be built with the capability to handle more than that, addressing county issues with discarded tires and the Hawaii Water Service Company's concerns about sewage sludge. We can take the sludge, Cajino said during an environmental management commission meeting Wednesday in Kailua, Kona. And in short, yes, we can take the tires as well. The downside is that the more feedstock we take in, the more energy we create. And what do we do with that energy? So it needs to be workable for us. Clint Knox, Vice President of Project Development on the facility, said if the tires were shredded and ground down, the gasification technology employed at the facility could handle the input. So partnerships have been integral to the project's progress, namely one with the Ulupono Initiative created by eBay founder Pierre Omidyar. Ulupono is a 50% equity partner in the facility, which presenters Wednesday said might cost upwards of $60 million and will function as an $80-20 debt-to-equity venture. Now, Andy Naden, a project advisor, said it was Ulupono's idea to transition to a paradigm that allowed the project to move forward relatively expeditiously after decades of delays and setbacks. We have tried very hard to work within the structure that exists, originally state land at Nelha, county trash, and federal funding, Naden said. Our partners at Ulupono suggested to Plan B that we do a completely independent business model using our own trash, private land, and equity funding. So Bioenergy's Hawaii parent company, Pacific Waste Inc. guarantees the facility enough feedstock to ensure viability during its first 10 years of operation, the length of the current contract with Pacific Waste. The facility has been set up for a 40-year initial run with a 10-year option on the back end on roughly 15 acres of land at the Waikatoa Quarry. All right, so I understand that that was a lot of information and a lot of information on how the deal set up. But it's extremely important, and I'll tell you why. It sounds as if this project, which would really provide a tremendous amount of benefit to the Big Island. I mean, I know many of us, we think about the waste that we generate, and we know that we're on this island and that we have finite places to store it, and doesn't it make all the sense in the world to use and recycle as much as we can to generate energy and do as much win-win as we can with waste to be more sustainable and not just continue to outgrow the INA. And it appears that the company was attempting to walk this project forward, but had really had a lot of delays. And then the Ulupano Initiative stepped in with what sounds like a really sizable amount of financing if they're 50% on this. They stepped in to try and move this forward, and what they also seem to be advocating for is a tremendous amount of diversity in terms of what this project is going to do and what they're going to produce. So we're talking about energy for the facility. We're talking about biofuels. We're talking about manure, fertilizer. We're talking about taking in tires. There's just a tremendous amount of activity, and it sounds extremely exciting, and it makes a lot of sense. And also, I think, adds some level of complication to what the project is going to do. But there's no reason that these win-win designs and these win-win products can't be moved forward, I would hope, in the timeframe that's been articulated. So what an exciting project. It's interesting. We talk about what's exciting and what's not exciting. Waste energy facilities are not on the top of folks' list, I think. But when you're talking about what can we do to respect the land, what can we do to reduce the waste, there really are fewer things that become more important, and they also become, we can use existing sites, existing quarries, and really turn waste into, in some cases, products and also in other cases, minimize their impact. So sounds great, Ubupono. Really look forward to seeing this project move forward and all of the exciting products and services that seem to be coming with it. So we've got, what may be, some new products and some new marketing pushes from some solar companies here in the islands. RGS Energy's Sunetric Partners with Sunova Energy is to offer solar systems with battery storage in Hawaii. So Sunetric, a wholly owned subsidiary of RGS Energy and Sunova Energy Corp, is leading, is, according to their press release, a leading residential solar service provider in the US. And they announced that they have joined forces to offer comprehensive solar solutions with battery storage to residential customers in Hawaii. So this is actually extremely interesting, and the reason I wanted to add this piece of information is because we talked before about how industry apparently is racing to provide solutions, battery plus stored solutions that can get permitted. There's a lot of things involved in getting a permit. You need to have the design. You need to have the folks who are doing the permitting have to have some level of comfortability with the systems that they're going to be safe. I think that this sort of demonstrates that in many ways we are in some sort of breaking new ground and in some new territory. And as I was saying before, it's interesting. So we need for folks to come up with systems that are going to make sense, that they're going to be able to install and get permitted. So here's another company that's racing to do that. So we're going to take a break. And when we come back, we'll have more from PowerUp Hawaii. This guy looks familiar. He calls himself the Ultra Fan. But that doesn't explain all this. Why? He planned this party, planned the snacks, even planned to coordinate colored shirts. But he didn't plan to have a good time. Now you wouldn't do this in your own house, so don't do it in your team's house. Know your limits and plan ahead so that everyone can have a good time. Hello, and welcome back to PowerUp Hawaii, where Hawaii comes together to talk about a clean, renewable, and just energy future. A tremendous amount of news coming out of all of the, well, not all of the islands, but coming out of Oahu, the big island, just a lot of energy news on Hawaii, and a lot of big stuff happening on the mainland and in the world as well. So let's talk about something that's been important. And I think a lot of folks have been wondering which way the governor was going to go on this. So on Friday, Governor David Ige appointed James Griffin, a natural energy researcher at the University of Hawaii, to an interim seat on the Hawaii Public Utilities Commission. So as a quote from the governor, we are excited to find a talented individual in Jay Griffin, who has demonstrated expertise and is aligned with our commitment to a 100% clean energy future, Ige said in a statement. So the appointment follows the state Senate's rejection late last month of Ige's previous pick for the PUC, Tom Gorak, on a 15 to 10 vote. Ige had appointed Gorak, who had been the PUC's chief counsel to the three member commissions some two weeks before the other two members, Chairman Randy Awase and Lorraine Akiba, voted to reject next era's energies proposed 4.3 billion acquisition of Hawaiian Electric Company. Griffin, a faculty member who works at the University of Hawaii's Natural Energy Institute, was previously chief of policy and research at the PUC. His interim appointment takes effect on June 5th, and is subject to Senate confirmation. So this is, I think, interesting and positive news. We've been waiting to see who was going to fill in that third seat at the commission. There was this tremendously explosive political back and forth that happened with the Tom Gorak nomination. But clearly, the show must go on and the commission needs to have that third member if it's going to be able to make decisions. So we've got a nominee, and we shall see what happens, whether or not this nomination goes through smoothly or not. So in extremely important national news, President Donald Trump has told multiple administration officials that he will pull the United States out of the Paris Climate Accord. So this is reported by Axios, who cites three unnamed sources with direct knowledge of the decision. So on Saturday, the president tweeted that he would make a final decision about U.S. involvement in the global climate agreement this week. The United Nations Accord, signed by 195 nations in late 2015, aims to limit global average temperature change to 2% Celsius this century. Now, administration officials are split on whether to stay in the deal with EPA Administrator Scott Pruitt calling for withdrawal, and Secretary of Energy Rick Perry pushing for the U.S. to remain in the Accord and renegotiate its terms. For the U.S., the international targets translate into a roughly 80% economy-wide decarbonization goal by 2050. So this is something that we know candidate Trump talked about a lot, and this is something that President Trump has intimated that he was going to do. So he's come back from overseas from his trip in his meeting with European leaders at the G7, and at first he was signaling that he was still staying, mom, and he wasn't sure what he was going to do in terms of the Paris Accord. But I think this report is in line with what folks' expectations are that Donald Trump will indeed withdraw from the Accord. I, of course, on a personal note, think this is a tragedy and a terrible mistake. I think it's encouraging that we have a voice in the administration, Rick Perry, saying, I think we should stay in this and just renegotiate it. It is very difficult to imagine what a renegotiation would look like when 195 countries have already signed on. But it does, right now, look like the climate agreement will go forward without the United States. I have another story next that talks a little bit about what that will mean for our energy sector and our greenhouse gas emissions. So the United States will fall considerably short of its greenhouse gas emissions goals under the Paris Climate Accord without the Obama administration's Clean Power Plan. So a rhodium study called Taking Stock reported that in its estimates, U.S. net greenhouse gas emissions will be 15 to 19% lower than 2005 levels by 2025, significantly off the 28% targeted by the Paris commitment and well below the Clean Power Plan's goals. So the EPA is currently considering rolling back or rescinding the Clean Power Plan and the president is expected to announce a final decision on the Paris Accord this week. Trump has reportedly told close advisors, including the EPA administrator, that he will pull the U.S. out of the international agreement. So here we go. I think it wouldn't be a surprise that if President Trump wants to pull us out of the Paris Accord, that along with that he would pull the administration out of plans, the Clean Power Plan, plans to regulate carbon emissions and mandate reduction. So the Clean Power Plan was a mechanism that came forward under the Obama administration that really provided, gave President Obama the power to go to Paris and say, we here, the United States, is committing to a mechanism to reduce our greenhouse gas emissions. And really sort of move that Paris Agreement forward. So without that, according to study, the United States will not be able to meet our goals of greenhouse gas emissions under the Paris Agreement. This is of course, extremely distressing for climate and the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In a way, if we look back and take stock, the Clean Power Plan has been, you know, really served an extremely important purpose. And I would like to think that mechanism or a type of mechanism will come back in perhaps in post-Trump administration. So it's unfortunate that it looks like the United States, at least in the near term, will not be living up to the Paris Agreement and will also be abandoning the mechanism that would have allowed it to meet those obligations but also reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the energy sector. It does, however, look that there will still be some reductions and those reductions may very well be about the other clean energy movements that are moving forward despite the Trump administration policy. So I think it's tough news, but reason to hope and we will see what happens going forward. So in other news, a new Ohio bill would revamp the state's power market for full deregulation. So Ohio's regulatory regime has become a hybrid model of deregulation. The state is part of the PJM organized power market but regulated utilities can still own power plants. To support these assets, utilities often seek riders and other customer charges in drawn out proceedings and increasingly they are turning to the Public Utility Commission of Ohio to secure direct financial support for uncompetitive generators. So first energy is currently pushing for passage of legislation that would provide a subsidy for two nuclear plants. And last week, other Ohio legislators introduced a bill that would provide perpetual subsidies for the two plants run by the Ohio Valley Electric Corporation owned by a group of utilities in the state. So the bills come after first energy and fellow utility AEP pushed for years to secure financial support for a group of ailing baseload generators including coal and nuclear plants. State regulators approved some subsidies such as funds for AEP share of the OVEC plants but FERC blocked a larger package of direct support payments for the plants last year. So this legislation would look to end these debates and the lengthy dockets that are related to it by forcing the regulated utilities to divest their generation assets and it would cut back on the use of non-bipassable riders on customer bills to help pay for such assets. So this is a mechanism through which non-bipassable charges are added to consumer bills and this is a bill that's being supported by the really by consumer groups. So again, we took rather a deep dive into how this works and you kind of have to be a policy want to want to hear those details but I think the story for Hawaii is other states are taking a look at what it means to restructure their markets for electricity to allow for what they hope to be more competition and change the status quo. And there and as I'm about to talk very briefly about for the next story about net metering, you know, perhaps Hawaii may want to consider how can some changes be made here that could be potentially positive as the state looks to move towards renewable energy. We shall see. Also net metering is making a return in Nevada. So in Nevada as I spoke earlier they had also ended their net metering program or rolled it back. Now they are voting to restore it. So that's also something interesting in Hawaii. We had net metering rolled back and we have these two programs that are reaching their caps and also having some challenges but in Nevada they've decided to just bring net metering back. Now when they took away net metering in Nevada I think Solar City and Sun Run both left the market there and I think but really kind of jolted folks in terms of would they be losing out on jobs and does it make sense to sort of not work with industry. So we are seeing a return of net metering in Nevada after a rollback. So all things are possible and we'll see what solutions Hawaii may want to come up with as we work to moving the coming up against caps and also having issues with permitting. So thank you so much. That brings us to an end of another Power Up Hawaii. Wonderful to speak with you Mahalo and Aloha. See you next time.


Friends, welcome back to my channel and welcome. If you're new here, my name is Jen. I'm a certified weight loss and nutrition coach and I am on the WW Blue Plan. Today is my favorite. I can't believe the month of September is already over. So I am coming at you today with my September favorite and I have quite a bit. We're going to talk WW food favorites, a little bit of fitness, health, beauty and a couple of things thrown in that have become diesel and Lola. If you don't know who that is, my dogs favorite things over the month of September. So I have quite a bit to share with you. I have some really exciting products that I have been loving and I'm really excited to share all of those items with you. So if you're new to my channel, I'd love for you to stick around and subscribe, turn your bell notification on so you are notified whenever new videos are uploaded. I do upload five times a week at least so you don't want to miss out. If you love favorites, give this one a big thumbs up and make sure you're checking out the description box down below. I'm going to link everything that I can find other than maybe cold food items or things that you can find at your local grocery store. I will link everything else down below. If I have any discount codes, I will share those with you there as well. You're also going to find my nutrition coaching website. I do offer macro and calorie personalized calculations as well as one-on-one coaching and group coaching. There's really just a little bit of something for everyone. So make sure you're checking out that description box and my nutrition coaching website. Again, everything will be linked down below as well as all of my other favorite things and the discount codes that I have for you guys for those items. And of course, lastly, the link to head over and join me over on Facebook. We'd love to have you be part of our community.  So head on over and join us there. So without further ado, let's jump into my September favorites. We can't have a WW Foods favorite segment without having Lily's chocolate chips. So if you didn't know, Lily's has been putting out flavored chips. They started with their regular chocolate chips, then I found white chocolate chips, then there was milk chocolate chips, and now they actually have several different flavors. I have yet to find the pumpkin ones, which I hear are amazing. Every time I go to Walmart or do a Walmart pickup, I check and they never have them. But I have been able to get my hands on three other flavors, all of which I am absolutely loving. So the first one is the Chocolate Salted Caramel Baking Chips. These are amazing. So let me tell you, these are good all by themselves. There have been many a nights that I've just wanted a sweet treat after dinner, and maybe I didn't have a lot of points or calories left. So I would just give myself a serving of these for 55 calories. Delicious. These chips are really, really good. I can't wait to incorporate these more into baking, but I have used all of these flavors and I love every single one of them. So this salted caramel, delicious. There's also the Chocolate Mint Flavor Baking Chips. If you know me, I'm all about mint anything, so I truly love these. They have just the right amount of mint. And again, great for baking, great for snacking. And lastly is the Lily's Butterscotch Flavored Chips. This is actually my second package because I like these so much. Again, I snack on these at night when I want something sweet. It really cures the sweet tooth. It's low calorie, low point. So these are absolutely delicious as well. I was thinking how good would these be in a Blondie recipe, like a Butterscotch Blondie? Yes. Next up is a dip. And I don't have any because we went through an entire Costco-sized container of it within just a few days. And that is the La Terefina Spinach and Parmesan Artichoke Dip. Oh my goodness, is this so good. It is made with Greek yogurt. So it packs a bit of a punch of protein, which is awesome. And it is delicious. I have dipped everything from pretzels to vegetables to crackers in this dip. I've spread this dip on lunch meat, rolled it up and made it a really low point, low calorie snack. I've used it as a spread on a sandwich in a wrap. It is absolutely delicious. I found it for the first time at Fred Meyer, which is also a Kroger store. And then I saw it at Costco. So my Costco has the big, big container for about $8, which is a fantastic price. So again, I'm out. But I'm heading to Costco for my monthly trip here pretty soon. And I'm pretty sure I'll pick up two because literally we ate that entire container in just a few days. And it is absolutely positively incredible. So one thing I like dipping in that dip as well as hummus and other dips are non-crackers. You know that I recently found these stone fire non-crackers at Walmart? I'll insert a picture right here for you. And we've actually been through two bags of those. But then Trader Joe's came out with their version of non-crackers and they stepped up the game because they are organic. And in my opinion, they are better than the stone fire and a lot less expensive. So Trader Joe's now has an organic non-cracker. And these are, like I said, absolutely incredible. They are garlic flavored. They're delicious. So they're delicious in the dip. I've used them in hummus. I've dipped them in queso. I mean, you can pretty much use these in everything. They're pretty good on points. They're a pretty big cracker. And the fact that they are organic makes my heart incredibly happy. So I would pick these up the next time you're at Trader Joe's. I don't know if these are seasonal or if this is a new permanent product, but they're incredible. Another newer find, but a find that I've been loving, nonetheless, are these Smash Melos in pumpkin pie. Now you guys know that I've purchased Smash Melos many times. I love the chocolate dipped cold brew one. These are a great sweet treat and super low points. These particular ones, the pumpkin pie, are seasonal. So grab them while you can. They are one smart point per marshmallow and they're big. They are good sized marshmallows. Take a look at that. I mean, these are nice big marshmallows for only one smart point apiece. I generally eat these all by themselves. You can make s'mores out of these. You could top hot cocoa or coffee with these, anything. These are really delicious. And I love Smash Melos because you get a lot for the points. I mean, that's a big marshmallow for one point and the pumpkin pie flavor is absolutely incredible in these. Now you know I'm here for the sweet things and I like to get a lot of sweet things for my calorie and points, but and smart sweets never seems to disappoint. They have come out with gummy worms and these are really, really delicious. So they're in several flavors, strawberry, pineapple, blue raspberry, cherry, peach and pink lemonade. They are traditional gummy worms. You get quite a few here in the package for the points. Again, I will pop in a picture here of the serving size in the package. Three points for this and 110 calories. You can't beat it. So if you're craving something gummy and something sweet, smart sweets has you covered. I love every single one of their products. I would say that my favorites are the sour watermelon bites, the sweet fish, the peach rings and these gummy worms. Those are the four that I would say top my list for favorites. I do have a code for 10% off $30 or more off of their website. I'll put that here on the screen and of course, I'll link these down below, but these are delicious and these are limited time. You can see they kind of have a fun Halloween package. So grab these off of the smart sweets website before they're gone. Now I've never been a popcorn person. Don't get me wrong. I love popcorn at the movies, but I'm not somebody that pops it up at home generally until I found this popcorn. Now I found this off of the Thrive Market. I will link Thrive down below for you guys. You actually get a gift up to a $24 value like an entire box of chomps meat sticks free when you sign up for the Thrive membership. You will save 30% off of traditional grocery store and health food store prices.  So make sure that you head over and join. It's such a great place. There's free shipping. They throw little gifts in and they have thousands of healthy food choices. And one of those is this Lesser Evil Himalayan Pink Salt Popcorn.  I generally don't eat it unless I'm at the movies, but this one is really, really delicious. It has best in class ingredients, organic popcorn, extra virgin coconut oil and salt. That's it. And it is so good. I don't know if it's the oil. I don't know if it's the popcorn to salt ratio. It is so good. So, so delicious. So I've been snacking on this. You can have three cups of this for the serving size. That's a lot of popcorn. And this popcorn also is over $1.50 less per bag on Thrive than anywhere else I've seen it. Fred Meyer, Kroger, a whole food store. This is way less expensive on Thrive. So just another reason to take advantage of the Thrive membership so you can get this popcorn because it's killer. The next couple of food products I wanna share with you are nut butters. Now, if you watch my grocery hauls, you know that I picked these up not too long ago at Walmart. I was pleasantly surprised by Walmart's selection of good, whole, clean, healthy foods. And these two nut butters I picked up did not disappoint. They are delicious. First is the Revival Food Company Chai Time. This is Cinnamon and Chai Spiced Nut Butter. And that's exactly what it is. It has such great chai tea flavor. You get those chai spices just radiating through. It's delicious. And the best part about this peanut butter is its calories and points. So compared to traditional peanut butter, this one is a lot less. So this has two tablespoons for 140 calories versus two tablespoons for anywhere between 180 and 200 for traditional peanut butter. So you're saving yourself calories and points, but you're getting all of the flavor. They have several, several different kinds of peanut butter. I've actually reached out to them to see if they would send me some to try and I haven't heard back. But I will tell you that you can get this at Walmart and they also have a website. So wherever I can find this for the best price, I'll link it down below for you guys. But if you love chai tea and you want a nut butter for less points and calories, check out Revival. Oh, and did I mention it's 100% clean whole ingredients. The other nut butter that I'm loving is also from that trip to Walmart, but this is actually a walnut butter. So if you are a fan of walnuts, you're going to love this. It definitely has a lot of walnut flavor, but it's really delicious. So this is the Crazy Go Nut Oatmeal Cookie Walnut Butter. This is so good. Now, this is pretty much the same calories and points of traditional nut butters, but this one is so delicious. Like I said, it radiates walnuts, but you definitely get that oatmeal cookie taste as well. It's really, really good. I've been enjoying this by the spoonful. Sometimes before I work out, just for some protein and some fats, it's really good on toast. Again, if you like walnuts, you'll like this because it definitely, the walnut, definitely shines through. Now, you know I love whole pumice. I have shared it in a favorites video in the past. The kale and pesto is my all-time favorite. Well, I decided this time to venture out and try a new flavor of whole pumice, and it's equally as delicious. So this is whole pumice in black garlic. What I love the most about whole pumice, well, two things. Number one is you can have up to three tablespoons for two smart points. Other hummus is two tablespoons for two points. So you get an extra tablespoon, which who's going to complain about extra hummus? But number two, which is really the most important reason why I love hope is it's clean. Most hummuses on the market use inferior oils, like sunflower oil, safflower oil, palm oil, canola oil. Hope hummus actually uses good quality oil. They use EVOO, extra virgin olive oil. So it's an extremely clean hummus made with perfect ingredients. It's not any more expensive than the inferior hummuses. I love it. I find this at Fred Meyer, Kroger, and really you can find this at any natural food store. I've even seen this at Walmart. So definitely check it out. The black garlic is delicious. It's just the right amount of garlic for a garlic lover.  And I was finding myself not really enjoying my coffee, which is how I start my day. So I decided that this would play into my 90, 10, 90% clean, whole, real food, 10% foods that I love. And that's my coffee creamer. So I have found a couple of good alternatives of coffee creamers that I've been loving. Number one new to me is this natural bliss almond milk creamer. And this is in the flavor caramel toffee. I'm pretty sure this is seasonal because it has Christmas trees on the packaging. This is delicious. It is 30 calories per tablespoon or two smart points. It's incredible. It tastes like toffee. Literally like a Heath bar that perfectly cooked toffee that you get at Christmas. It is so good. And then it comes on the back end with the flavor of real creamy caramel. It's one of my favorites. And I love that it's natural bliss. I don't love that it has natural flavors. Pretty much anything flavored has natural flavors, which are artificial flavors. But that's the only bad thing about this. It doesn't have any carrageenan. It doesn't have any weird ingredients. The only thing I don't love is the fact that it does have natural flavors. It's delicious, you guys. So if you can find this, stock up because I'm pretty sure it's seasonal. Hence the Christmas trees, but it's delicious. Now let's move into my beauty favorites, which is another one of my favorite things. And we're going to start off with my all-time favorite beauty product for the month of September. Probably going to be my favorite beauty product for every month moving forward. Now you know that I have shared quite a few of the Duvall products here on my channel. I actually have their pink flat iron, their curling wand, and I also have their radiant skin brush, which I love that skin brush. I did favorite all of these items in past videos, but they have come out with a new straightener that has stolen my heart. I have very dry, coarse hair. And even though I straighten my hair, sometimes it's still frizzy. It can still look dry and coarse. This straightener is incredible. My hair is silky, smooth, and it straightens incredibly fast. Literally, I pull it through and my hair is straight, which is not common. I normally have to go over my hair a couple of times with my straightener, so I am literally obsessed. So I want to show it to you and share a little bit about it with you because I have an amazing discount from Duvall for you guys to share as well. So this is the in-pulse professional flat iron. And it's definitely professional because it works like the kind in the beauty salon. It is that good. It has 3D floating plates that have a cushioning impact and it literally just glides over your hair. Literally glides. It doesn't pull, it doesn't snag. It also has ceramic plates that allow a smaller water molecules to penetrate the hair shaft, which reduces frizz and static, which is what I need because my hair is always a frizzy mess. It has far infrared generation technology. So it's a gentler heat that disperses evenly over your hair. Again, that helps with frizz and it also helps with your hair becoming kind of staticky. The flat iron also has ENIG, which is extra negative ion generation, which basically what this does is it decreases the damage to your hair keratin and it helps seal your hair cuticle every time you flat iron, which also helps make it shiny and smooth versus frizzy and staticky. And the other thing I love about it is the 360 swivel cord. That way, no matter where you are on your head, the cord swivels as you move around the flat iron. It's sleek, it's beautiful, it's thin, it's gorgeous. And I'm telling you, this works so good. I would compare this to some of the $400, $500 straighteners that the stylist purchased. I know my stylist said she paid well over $250 for her straightener and this one makes my hair look just as good. I would say the biggest things I love about it is how quickly it straightens. It eliminates frizz and static, hands down. My hair looks smooth and put together right after straightening. I don't have to add a lot of other product to it to have it smoothed out and less frizzy. It's amazing. And what is so incredible about Duvall is they are such a great small business that they try to promote their products but make them affordable.  In fact, you get 70% off with the code here on the screen from Duvall. So you can pick up this straightener for less than $60, which is incredible. So definitely head over to Duvall. I'll link this down below. The code, you put it in it, check out. You'll get 70% off. If you're in the market for a new straightener or this would make a fantastic Christmas gift for that beauty guru in your life, pick this up. You will not be disappointed. Now that we've talked about my new favorite beauty thing ever, I have five more beauty items to share with you. One of which is this comb. Now this is a wet comb. I love this because this is what I use to brush my hair out when it's wet. It's very damaging to your hair. Number one, to brush it when it's wet in general. But number two, to use a brush that pulls at your hair because it's very elastic when it's wet. So using a comb like this is awesome. It literally glides through your hair. You can brush it when it's wet. I like to use this comb because it prevents frizziness but it also separates my curls or my waves really, really well. So it's very versatile for dry hair, wet hair and it's under $7 on Amazon. So I'll link this down below for you. Next up is my favorite hairspray for my new very, very favorite hairspray from Nexus. Now I share this in a recent grocery haul. This hairspray is incredible. So what I look for in hairspray is something that provides a lot of hold but doesn't make my hair sticky and get the white flakes in it. I hate that. And this is awesome. Someone told me about this at my Jazzercise and I love it. It has become a very, very fast favorite. So this is the Nexus Maximum Finishing Mist. So this has a very strong hold, gives you a lot of control but you can brush through it or run your fingers through it which is exactly what I was looking for. It's affordable. I buy this at Target. Again, it'll be linked down below for you. If you're looking for the same kind of hairspray equalities that I do which is a nice strong hold but able to run your fingers through you're gonna love this Nexus one. This is another product I recently shared in a grocery haul and I've been using it daily and I'm obsessed. And for the price, you can't beat this. This is the Tressa May Texture, dry texture finishing spray. It is weightless and it adds volume and texture. Yes, it does. It is awesome. So what I do is I spray it right up here on my roots of my hair after I've styled it and then I kinda use my fingers to push my hair up and this holds it right in place. It gives that texture and the height that you want without a gooey, ooey hold. It's incredible and it's $5. And it lasts forever because you just use a couple of quick sprays when you're styling your hair. So if you're someone that struggles with flat hair and you don't wanna cake on the hair spray on your roots, definitely recommend this texture spray. I heard about this from another YouTuber and I've been loving it so much. It is a staple in my house and for $5, you can't go wrong. I guess I have a lot of hair favorites for the month of September because my other two items are for your hair as well which nothing wrong with that. I love this root spray. So I'm almost 45, I'm getting gray hair. The majority of the gray hairs that are coming in for me are right here on my scalp and then sometimes I'll get them kind of here on the side of my hair. So I've been loving root spray. Now I've tried several brands and this one is the best. This is the best one. This is the L'Oreal Magic Root Cover Up and I use the color dark brown. I can even use medium brown. They pretty much have a shade for all of the different shades of hair color which is great. This is incredible. I buy this at Target. I'll link it down below for you. All I do is give my roots a quick spray and it covers up any gray. And I only wash my hair once a week, twice a week. So this will last until I wash my hair again. You use a very little amount so it lasts a very long time but if you need to cover your roots between hair colors this stuff's incredible. And like I said, of all the brands I've tried this one is by far my favorite. And last but not least for beauty is again another hair product and this is a Shiner. So I've mentioned that I have dry, coarse, frizzy hair and sometimes I have to add a little something something to it to give it a little bit of shine. So I'm actually using this product on my hair today. So it is nice and shiny because I've added this product to it. And this is from the brand Rusk. It is shiny, sheen and movement mist. So how I use this and actually I heard about this first from my hairdresser. I don't know if you can buy this in a conventional store or if you have to pick it up from your hairdresser or at a hair supply store I will do my best to find it. Chances are Amazon has it because they have everything. So this is amazing. So what I do is once I complete the styling of my hair I spray it in and then I just run my fingers through and it literally turns frizz to shine. It's magical, it's awesome. So you can see I've used this quite a bit. It lasts a very long time, a little bit goes a long way but if you struggle with frizzy or your hair just looking kind of dull if you just add a tiny bit of this and run your fingers through your hair is shiny, shiny, shiny, shiny. Next up are my fitness favorites or my health favorites. Things that help me on my health weight loss and fitness journey. Number one I have to share are my water bottles. You guys have seen these in my what I eat in a days as you know or may not know I have a goal for the month of September which I met of drinking a gallon of water every day. Now I can just randomly fill up a water bottle but how do I know that I'm really reaching that gallon? So I decided to pick up a gallon water bottle and then a smaller water bottle so that I can ensure that I'm reaching my gallon. So this is my water bottle, it's actually full because I've started on my water from today. It has cute little sayings on it like good morning, keep going, feeling awesome, halfway there, don't give up, almost there and you made it. It has timestamp so you can make sure that you're on track throughout the day to drink your gallon of water. So I have a little bit of a system so I filled this up the night before because I like my water cooled. I won't drink it when it hits room temperature and I don't wanna add ice to it necessarily because it throws off making sure I'm getting in a gallon. I know, I know. My mission was a gallon a day so this helped me reach that which by the way is going to be my mission moving forward because I feel so much better. Everything on my skin, everything is better by drinking a gallon of water every day. So I digress. So I filled this up the night before and I keep it in my refrigerator. Now every morning I like to put in some fresh lemon into my water so what I will do is I will grab out this water bottle. This also has timestamps on it and fun little sayings, ready go, keep drinking, don't give up, almost there, you made it. And then down here it says refill. So what I will do is I will take my cold gallon out of the refrigerator, pour it into my smaller water bottle and drink out of this. By the time I finish this water bottle the water is still cold and then I repeat. I refill from this into this and this stays in my fridge all day. That way I'm always getting nice cold water and once this is gone I know that I've drank my gallon of water and to be completely honest with you I actually have been drinking over a gallon of water every day. Anywhere from a gallon and a half to two gallons depending on if I'm working out I drink a ton of water for pre-workout during my workout and for my BCAAs after. So I'm drinking a ton of water but this bottle and this bottle have really helped me reach these goals and they're so affordable. I mean in the teens for both of these bottles on Amazon so I will link them down below for you. You guys know that I'm loving these bottles and it really truly has kept me on track, motivated and helped me reach my water goal every single day. Another product I've been loving for fitness is the Built Go. I have been utilizing this a lot when I'm going to Jazzercise. Sometimes especially on Tuesdays when I go to the 5.30 PM class I'm not really hungry for a snack that late in the day and it's too early to eat dinner but I need a little something in my stomach before I work out. I've been using the Built Go for that. I also like to take this if I work out first thing in the morning. Again to just make sure I have a little something in my stomach before I work out. It is only two smart points. It's 90 calories and it has 15 grams of collagen protein. So I'm getting in a little bit of protein and it's filling my stomach a little bit. It tastes really good. My favorite is the chocolate mint but they also have peanut butter, honey and chocolate coconut. Both of those I like as well. Be mindful that the peanut butter, honey is three points. The other two are only two points. So I've been really liking this. I've been having this in my pantry and whenever I feel like I just need a little something before my workout I've been using this. Now I still take a pre-workout about 15 minutes before it starts but this I will take anywhere from 30 minutes to a half an hour before I go to exercise. So I've really been liking this and I highly recommend. I do have 10% off for Built Bar. I will put that code here on the screen and link it down below for you. And my last health fitness favorite is this smart tape measure. Along with my goals of losing weight every month, drinking my water, I've been taking my measurements. Now I just started about midway through September when I picked up this smart tape measure but one of my goals for the month of October is to take my measurements every week in addition to weight because it's really important not to only focus on the scale but focus on how your body is changing with your diet and your exercise. So this tape measure is amazing. It is digital. It links to an app and you can do this one person, one handed and take your measurement, which is awesome. The traditional tapes, it's really hard to hold them and wrap them around you and make sure you can read them. This makes it super, super simple. So I wanted to share a little bit more about this. This is the Renfoe smart tape measure. Once you get it opened up and ready to go, go ahead and download the Renfoe app. That is on the Google Play Store as well as the Apple Play Store. Once you use the tape measure, you'll be able to know exactly what your measurements are. You can also plan a weight goal. You can enter that manually or use the measurements that you take. You can see trends in by the week, the month or the year by weight and also circumference. So as you take your measurements, you can see down here that you can see all of them, neck, shoulders, back. So what's great is you can take your measurements yourself. You don't even need a second person because the tape just locks into place. So there is the measurement of my wrist and you can see it was just locked right into place. It just appears here on the screen. It takes one second to get the reading on the smart tape measure, one second to pop it here into your app and it's there and it's safe for you. No more writing it down in notebooks, on calendars. It's all right here in your app for you.  I love it. I think it is awesome. And as you know, I've been really upping my fitness game. So I really want to see what progress I'm making when it comes to my fitness and taking your measurements is a great way to not only focus on the scale but focus on some of those non-scale victories as well.  You can use the code genfit10. I'll put it here on the screen for you for 10% off and of course I will link this down below. This has very fastly become one of my favorite weight loss tools. My last little group of favorites is a mixture of home and then something that I've been using on Lola which has been incredible that I really wanted to share with you guys. Oh, I guess in a little bit of tech. So we have home tech and dog. So let's start with dog. So Lola for some reason and I'm thinking it's allergy related has a very, very dry nose. So sometimes we will put Vaseline on her nose but it's just been really dry the last few weeks. And so we decided to do a little bit of research and found this. So this is the Snout Soother Natural Organic Soother for Dogs noses. This is incredible. So how this works is you just dip your finger into it and it is green, which is interesting but it doesn't have any scent at all. It has zero smell. So it doesn't make your dog wanna immediately start licking their nose. Now does she lick her nose? Yes, of course. But this stuff has worked wonders. So we just take a little bit like you saw you saw the finger in there and we just rub this onto her nose and it has really made her nose a lot smoother. It soothes the dryness. It looks a lot better. It's really affordable. It's less than $15. It lasts forever. I know it's a really small container but you hardly use any. So if your dog suffers from a dry nose I really, really recommend this. It's been a game changer for us with her nose. For my techie favorite, it's this little mouse right here. So I use a laptop. I do not have a desktop computer but I hate using the pad on the desktop to navigate my mouse. So finally I got smart and bought a cordless mouse. So what you do is insert the USB portion of this mouse into your computer. I just leave it in my laptop all the time and now I have a mouse and it just makes navigating so much easier. I love that it's pink because hashtag girly girl and I love it. It was really affordable. I picked it up on Amazon. So if you're in the market for a wireless mouse I really like how easy this is and how cute it is because it's pink. And last but not least is a home product. I get a ton of questions whenever I do a video on my salt and pepper container. So I wanted to share those with you. These are from Magnolia Homes Hearth and Home section. So Chip and Joanna Gaines on the HGTV. This is their line of salt and pepper containers. I love these because for me it's easier to just reach in grab a little bit of salt, grab a little bit of pepper, pop the lid back on, it's secure. It makes it, it stays fresh and it's super cute. So it's white with the salt and pepper on it in black. It's very rustic-y, very farmhouse-y. I picked these up at Target. I think they're like $6 a piece, super affordable. I'll definitely link them down below for you guys, but I love these and I just get a ton of questions. So I wanted to share with you my salt and pepper containers. So those are my September favorites. Everything from WW foods to health, beauty and fitness, a little bit of home, a little bit of tech and of course something for my dog. So I hope you enjoyed September's favorites. Again, I am going to link everything down below in the description box so you can pick these items up. Highly recommend everything I shared with you in today's favorites video. Also in the description box are all the links and discount codes to the other things that I have that are my favorite items, as well as my nutrition coaching website and of course the link to head over and join my Facebook group. Make sure you thumbs up this video if you enjoyed it and if you are new, welcome. Make sure you are subscribed and your notification bell is turned on. So I hope you guys enjoyed my favorites video if you made it all the way to the end because chances are it's long again and I did monthly favorites to try to lower the amount of time and it just doesn't work out for me.  Also in the comments, let me know if you're gonna pick any of these items up for yourself. So thank you guys again so much for hanging out with me. Let's kick some button October and I'll see you in my next video. Bye friends.


Everybody forced here ripping 2022 legacy football hobby six box number 23 random teams. I'll let you look at the results for a second Thanks, everybody for joining. Let's see what we got Always available on the website as well. It's sports cards Corral Danny Gray silver mini bears Justin Fields David Bell Jeremy Rutgers got Matt Corral nice Panthers rookie here 60 or 46 of 299 Do something quick Turns subscribers chat back on for YouTube chat seems calmer now than it was earlier when I had to turn it on Vila Jones Wanda Robinson under the lights Aaron Rodgers Carl Aftis Kenny Pickett Steelers rookie Kenny Pickett Trent McDuffie Bailey Zapp. We've got a Ravens rookie Otto David O'Jabbo Carson Strong Derek Stingley silver rookie. 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There's like 80 new messages There's only like eight the breakers You got Haskins Cleal Shakir silver rookie see yeah Seahawks Kenneth Walker the third Pearson strong Strong Derek Stingley 44 50 Vikings legend Chris Carter Garrett Wilson Taekwong Thornton under the lights Cooper Cup Alec Pierce Romeo Dobbs Hasan Haskins Chrome rookie Titans Raleh Danny Gray on the rookies Aiden Hutchinson David O'Jabbo that is an orange commanders Carson Wentz 93 of 125 Chris Alave Skymore Matt Ryan Colts number to 121 of 150 Big pack Zanspiller Jordan Davis 10 of 49 Matt Corral rookie dual Jersey auto nice one Panthers 10 of 49 Good stuff there for the Panthers Crowd might be decent long-term Duffy Bailey zap yellow or gold ice 18 of 25 rookie Derek Stingley jr. 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Hello everyone, I would like to welcome you all for today's lecture. Before we continue with wherever we left last time, I would like to have a brief recap of the last lecture. What we discussed in the last lecture was the use of dimethyl dioxirane and some other dioxiranes which are useful for the conversion of olefins to the corresponding epoxide. So the first one and the most popular dioxirane is dimethyl dioxirane whose structure is this. And I mentioned last time that we can take different ketones and one can prepare the corresponding dioxiranes particularly in situ that means inside the reaction and carry out the epoxidation of olefins. It becomes more useful if one has a reactive dioxirane somewhat like this having an electron withdrawing group such as Cf3 mainly because such dioxiranes react with electron deficient olefins a bit faster. And of course we can also take the chiral ketones and carry out the formation of the dimethyl dioxiranes and they can transfer the chirality to the olefins to prepare chiral epoxide. In this process I had mentioned a C catalyst and particularly from the defructose. So if we have here the this particular part attached to the fructose derived molecule here is the ketone from the fructose and if this path here is having oxygen-oxygen as a diacetonide protection then the trans olefins can readily be epoxidized. We will discuss more later on about how are the other substituents that affect the cis olefins and the terminal olefins. So this is what we did last time. Now let us go further today with the utility of the dimethyl dioxirane or other dioxiranes in organic chemistry. The use of oxone and a catalytic amount of a ketone is thus convenient. We discussed it last time also and particularly if one wants to make use of it is an optically active preparation of the epoxides then one can easily use it. If one wants to isolate DMDO or TFDO that is trifluoromethyl methyl dioxirane, if it is inconvenient then of course you can do the in-situ preparation. An example of this kind is here. Here for example you have a substrate of this kind and if you have this enol ether then you one can prepare a very interesting way of making the corresponding dioxirane is to use this ketone which has a ammonium salt so that it is soluble in water and one can have the oxone and a potassium hydroxide buffer and under these conditions the epoxide which is going to form this double bond that means this is the epoxide that is expected to form. If this is the other part of the molecule then this can open up in this fashion particularly and form the corresponding hydroxy ketone which is what is done in this case. So as you can see that this double bond is highly electron rich, this double bond is electron rich. These two are electron deficient olefins and this is highly esthetically hindered. So it is such a molecule which has 4 different double bonds but then only one of them reacts and since it forms an electron rich epoxide under the conditions then it cleaves to the corresponding hydroxy ketone. What is the mechanism of the reaction that is taking place in by using this oxone to the corresponding epoxide. So what happens is that it starts with the ketone whichever ketone that you start with it reacts with the oxone that is mainly the monoperoxy potassium persulfate and that reacts to form to the ketone this particular intermediate. Now this intermediate is formed because of the attack of the peroxy sulphate moiety and now this under basic condition the OH- takes up the proton from here to form this O- and that under intramolecular condition opens up to form the dioxirane here. Now this dioxirane reacts with the olefin present forming the epoxide and regenerates the corresponding ketone that is this type of ketone. So we have started with the ketone and then under the basic conditions it allows the intramolecular attack of O- on to the oxygen because you have this sulphate ion as a leaving group and then it undergoes the corresponding formation of the dioxirane and of course epoxidation. One of the problems that is found that if the condition is not much of basic then there is a possibility of this bare-williger oxidation to take place. So you have a possibility of bare-williger oxidation that is because what you have is this path as a leaving group. So if this path is a leaving group then there is a possibility that the R2 group or R1, one of the two groups can migrate from here and this can go forming an intermediate of this type where you have a possibility of positive charge being formed. Now this is what we see in the bare-williger oxidation we have 3 center that is this one, this one and this one 3 center 2 electron that is carbon R2 bond and therefore we form this type of intermediate and this is what eventually leads to the formation of this ester. So this possibility can also occur if the condition is not properly maintained but then there are ways to circumvent this. So the reactions are conducted in buffer medium often biphasic mixtures with phase transfer catalyst which is what is PTC. Additional potassium carbonate increases the rate of formation of DMU DO but also lowers oxone stability it is found that the oxone under the basic conditions is somewhat less stable. But then if we add potassium carbonate as we did it in the previous case here the potassium carbonate allows the deprotonation of this hydrogen easily and then this negative charge attacks onto this oxygen and forms the corresponding dioxirane. So this can be increased by the addition of potassium carbonate or by increasing the basic medium. But then under the basic medium the oxone stability is somewhat less. Obviously it is very clear that the oxone's nucleophilicity is high because of the deprotonation of the proton under basic conditions and that leads to higher reaction rate also. But then at the same time higher pH disfavours the bare velical oxidation as the site reaction. As we discussed we can go back to the last slide that this bare velical oxidation occurs by the loss of the sulphate moiety. When the sulphate goes away that there is a migration of the carbon R2 bond to the oxygen which will now be kind of electron division because once the sulphate leaves or is about to leave then you generate a delta positive on this particular oxygen you have delta positive to be formed and then the carbon R2 bond goes there to form this intermediate. So this is bare velical oxidation and then we want to avoid such a bare velical oxidation. So you can use basic conditions. So basic condition helps in decreasing the bare velical oxidation increasing the oxirane formation but of course it allows somewhat decomposition of the oxone. Hence auto decomposition of oxone at high pH can be overdone if the ketone is sufficiently reactive. So what can one do is the higher pH as I said higher pH be a disfavours be a bare velical oxidation as a site product formation. So the catalyst remains active. So basically you start with the ketone and make the oxirane, dioxirane but then you have to use basic conditions and if we increase the reactivity of ketone then the possibility of bare velical oxidation is less. The nucleophilicity obviously of the oxirane this oxone increases and then reaction becomes more or less like very sufficiently fast. So the activity of ketones can be increased by having an electron with drawing group and very clearly it leads more to the dioxirane and thus bare velical oxidation is reduced. As I discussed and introduced we have a she epoxidation. So one can start from de facto's and prepare this particular ketone which is what is used in the she's epoxidation of converting an olefin to the corresponding epoxide which is chiral and there are references which I mentioned here there are very important references. What is found is that instead of this acetonide here if we increase and change the substituent here say Y. So if OY is this which is what we have written here in this form then this is useful for transolefins. If we change the substituent there and make it like O-n-bock here this is found to be more useful for the cis-olefins and if we have this n-tolyl here then of course it is useful for the terminal olefins. The mechanism and the transition states are somewhat complicated so I would not like to discuss it here but one can check these references and get to know what how does this affect the corresponding olefins. Now how do we make the she catalyst is very easy you can take the de facto's and you can put the acetone in the presence of superchloric acid as an acid catalyst and this diol which is a cis diol and this diol which is relatively free away from the steric point and can easily react. So both of them react to form the corresponding diacetonide and then you can oxidize the hydroxyl group using PCC pyridinium chlorochromate and we can prepare this particular ketone which is what is reacted with oxone to form the corresponding dioxylane. On the other hand if this gives certain type of chiral induction then opposite of that can be expected to form from the L-fructose-based ketone if this is the L-fructose-based ketone as you can see that there is a exactly opposite of the defructose-based ketone these 2 are beta where they were alpha here in a similar fashion this was alpha. So it is now beta and this is beta and here it was alpha. So it is exactly opposite because de facto's and L-fructose are actually mirror images of each other. So whatever chirality is going to come of the epoxide which is here by using this ketone it will be exactly opposite by using this ketone. So there is a great advantage and it is very easy to prepare from defructose and L-fructose. Now we go to the next topic that is oxaziridines and they are shown like this the structure. So we used dioxylane but now we are going to use the oxaziridines. Now what are those oxaziridines they are exactly similar to the dioxirane but then one of the oxygens is replaced by the nitrogen. Now this leads to interesting possibilities and it has been popularized by Franklin A. Davis and it leads to variety of different types of reaction. For example it is useful in converting a ketone to the corresponding alpha hydroxy ketone. So alpha hydroxylation is one of the reactions that is found to take place and this is how it works very well. So here this oxaziridine as one can imagine could be a source of nitrogen or could be a source of oxygen. So these examples which are shown here illustrate that oxygen wax like an electrophile. So alpha hydroxylation is one product, olefin can react with the oxaziridine to form the corresponding epoxide. It can also oxidize sulfide to sulfoxide by transfer of oxygen. So these three examples are basically of oxygen transfer. Nitrogen can also be transferred if one takes amine for example. So you can start with an amine and you can make this hydrazine. We are transferring nitrogen. There are possibilities of transferring nitrogen similar to the epoxide type of formation. One can also get the corresponding aziridines. So you can get this type of aziridine molecule which is nitrogen analogue of epoxide. And just the way alpha hydroxylation was done we can also use alpha amination and get the corresponding amino ketone and this is basically because of the nitrogen transfer. So these are the examples of nitrogen as an electrophile. How do we prepare these oxaziridines? There are several methods but I have shown here two methods that one can start with amine starting from the corresponding ketone. So if we start with the R2, R3 ketone here and we can prepare the corresponding amine easily and we can then react it with any paracid. So any paracid such as metachloropropylsac acid, paracetic acid or any other paracid we can easily epoxidize this amine to form the corresponding oxaziridine. Otherwise one can take on this nitrogen some sort of leaving group. So a molecule of this kind where X is chlorine or a kind of leaving group like OSO3H and of course R1 can be hydrogen methyl or any other substrate and or a group and then it forms the corresponding oxaziridine. Initially it was found that if the substituent on nitrogen is small somewhat like this you have a hydrogen or a methyl or acetyl a small group then nitrogen acts as an electrophile because there is unlike dioxirane which is dimethyl dioxirane or any other dioxirane here there are two different possibilities one is oxygen as an electrophile other is nitrogen as an electrophile. Therefore one has to be a little bit careful. So it is always possible that nitrogen can get transferred instead of oxygen or oxygen get transferred instead of nitrogen. So one has to be careful and a lot of work has been done and as I mentioned that if we have a small substituent on the nitrogen then there is a possibility of nitrogen transfer. That is because the if nitrogen has small substituent and this bond can easily break and you can transfer the nitrogen. On the other hand it was also found that if we have a group somewhat like this here parasyno phenyl for example then it is possible with the group of like bog group present on the nitrogen you are making this particular nitrogen as more electrophilic nitrogen. And also there is a possibility that you can break this bond here and the negative charge here will be stabilized because of the electron withdrawing cyno group attached to the para position of the phenyl ring. So it was found that this can also act as a good source of nitrogen. So there are examples in the literature where these two and somewhat similar have been utilized for the transfer of the nitrogen from oxaziridine. Now just to tell you about what are the barriers for the nitrogen inversion. Obviously we go from ground state to the transition state inversion of the transition state the strain will increase and when you have an N-alkyl substituent versus N-acyl substituent strain increases when we have the alkyl group and strain decreases when we have electron withdrawing group. So inversion barrier basically decreases with the electron withdrawing groups because the lone pair of electron on the nitrogen here would now be in conjugation with this therefore there is an easy possibility of the inversion of the configuration here from the nitrogen. At the same time inductive effect of the oxygen increases the S character of the lone pair of electrons on nitrogen and makes it more pyramidal. So that is another property of this type of oxaziridines. So basically it is just to illustrate or show that what kind of properties these oxaziridines can have. Now as I already have discussed that they can oxaziridines can transfer hetero atoms such as oxygen and nitrogen they are easy to handle that is one advantage that they are very easy to handle they are not unstable like dioxerane like dimethyl dioxerane or something like that of course they are reactive but we have a possibility of having an electron withdrawing group on the nitrogen thus making the reaction the stability of the oxaziridines a bit more. And at the same time they are fairly reactive. Now there are several ways by which one can make the oxaziridines with having a property of electron deficiency. For example oxaziridinium salt salts or perfluorinated oxaziridines are sources of electrophilic oxygen. How? Now for example if one has an electron withdrawing group here so and also an electron withdrawing group on the nitrogen then there is a possibility of rediculavage of this oxygen-nitrogen bond to form this particular anion on the nitrogen which is basically due to the influence of the electron withdrawing group on the nitrogen. At the same time because R is also an electron withdrawing group therefore there is a easy possibility of such cleavage and that leads to the formation of the nucleophile reacting specifically with the oxygen and the imine is regenerated. So the regenerated imine can again be epoxidized and oxaziridine can form. At the same time one can also take oxaziridine with an ammonium salt here such as this. This is going to be also a source of oxygen here electrophilic oxygen because your nucleophile will preferentially attack onto the oxygen and cleave this oxygen-nitrogen bond and therefore we can get the same as above that you have the transfer of oxygen to the nucleophile. So there are ways of manipulating the conditions or this reagents to see if nitrogen is transferred or oxygen is transferred. Now as I already discussed earlier that we have oxaziridines with small substituents on nitrogen act as nitrogen transfer with bulky or electron withdrawing group on nitrogen act as oxygen transfer reagents. So what are the oxygen transfer reagents? There are four of this kind I have already shown here N-cellphonyl oxaziridines as it is shown here then N-phosphinoil oxaziridine then you have oxaziridinium salts which are here then you have perfluorinated oxaziridine. So these are the four different types of molecules which can act for the transfer of oxygen on it to a nucleophile. Now what are the order of reactivity for transferring such oxygen in comparison to say metachloropropylbenzoic acid and this is how it has been found that we have for the perfluorinated oxaziridines react very fast then you have the corresponding salt of this kind oxaziridinium salts then that is more than the metachloropropylbenzoic acid which then is more than the corresponding sulfonyl type of oxaziridine and then phosphinoil type of oxaziridines are less reactive than the corresponding sulfonyl type of oxaziridine. So this is the reactivity pattern of the oxaziridines that one can think about it now that depends upon the reactivity of the nucleophile that we have it. So based on that if we have a possibility of the order of reactivity of the nucleophiles then one can match readily with the oxygen source as well as the enolate nucleophilicity and decide which combination one can take. Now order of reactivity of olefins or the olefin type of substrates is as follows with respect to the n-sulfonyl oxaziridines. Normally n-sulfonyl oxaziridines are more often used they are stable, easy to prepare and therefore the reactivity has been very much studied with n-sulfonyl oxaziridines. Now you can see that the enolate ions can easily be prepared at low temperature such as minus 78 degrees and this enolate ions can react with the n-sulfonyl oxaziridines very fast because you have a clear negative charge and therefore the nucleophilicity of the double bond is very high. So we use at minus 78 degrees which is that means at a very low temperature. Now we have an enamine that also is very reactive because now you have a lone pair of electron on the nitrogen that donates the electron density to the double bond. The reaction can be carried out at room temperature. So it does not require very low temperature but room temperature is good enough. On the other hand if you have an enol salyl ether a lot of this kind and that requires room temperature to 60 degrees as temperature for the epoxidation to take or reaction with oxaziridines to take place. If we have a normal olefin like this then it takes around 60 to 70 degrees that means this can react even at room temperature depending on the reactivity of enol salyl ether but can be done up to 60 degrees temperature but then you have less nucleophilic olefins such as simple olefin then you need 60 to 70 degrees and if we have an electron withdrawing group on the double bond then the molecule is somewhat unreactive. For the nitrogen transfer reagents of this type what you need is an unsubstituted an unsubstituted oxaziridine. So we have somewhat like this or you have an N alkyl. So you have an alkyl group here and you have this oxaziridine or N acyl. So you have here somewhat like this. So these are the oxaziridines which are generally used for the transfer of the nitrogen for a nucleophile. So there are different ways by which one can choose the reaction conditions and also the substrate and also the oxaziridines and accordingly one can carry out the reaction depending on what is required. Now what are the reagents for the alpha hydroxylation of enolates to form chiral alpha hydroxy ketones? One of the reagents that has been used is oxodiperoxy molydenum pyridine hexamethylphosphorytriamide complex which is shown here. This L is pyridine and L1 is HMPA which is hexamethylphosphorytriamide. So these two are the ligands which are achiral and therefore this particular complex is an achiral complex. Now this acts as an oxidizing agent and if we react a chiral molecule like this which is camphor with a base like LDA and this MOOPH this is what the reagent is then and the basic conditions like LDA it would deprotonate the proton alpha to the carbonyl group leading to this particular anion which will exist as an enolate and then there will be a nucleophilic reaction of this enolate from this carbon to the oxygen of this particular complex allow to form this alpha hydroxylation and since the beta side that is the upper side or the exo side of the molecule is sterically hindered because of these methyl groups we get a mixture of two alpha hydroxy ketones in which the endohydroxy group or the compound having endohydroxy group is the major product as you can see here the endo-exo ratio is 5 is to 1. Now although the reagent is achiral since the molecule the starting molecule the camphor is optically pure so the product that we get is a chiral product. So this is one of the ways by which we can get a chiral alpha hydroxy ketone. Now in a similar fashion if we take instead of a ketone if we take a cyanocompound of this sign in which there is no steric hindrance from the top side that means the exo side is sterically unhindered then if we do the deprotonation with LDA and react with the same molybdenum-based oxidizing agent MOOPH then once we get the anion of this type after the deprotonation alpha to the cyanogrup here this can react with the reagent from the exo side because the endo side in this particular case is sterically more hindered compared to the exo and therefore we get this cyanohydrin in which the hydroxy group is exo oriented. So this is one of the ways by which one can easily deprotonate a proton which is highly acidic under basic conditions we can deprotonate that particular hydrogen and introduce a hydroxy group. So we will stop at this stage today and take up the remaining parts of the oxaziridines such as chiral-based reagents and the mechanisms and other aspects of it in the next class. So please study whatever I have discussed today and thank you and we will see you next time. Thank you.


Next question is from DRJJ. I'm learning how to properly breathe when lifting but I get distracted when I concentrate on my breathing and it messes up my form. Any advice on how to do both without messing up one or the other since both are very important? I just had somebody DM me. So whoever picked this was a great question to pick because I get this a lot. And I'm curious if you guys are on the same page as I am. I used to say this to clients. The most important part about breathing is that you do it. Yeah, you know, like literally, like there's a lot of, a lot of people that like want to make the case for, you know, when you breathe in, when you exhale for optimal performance and what's ideal for bracing your core and blah, blah, blah, blah, blah. The truth is that if you manipulate tempos and you do a negative sometimes that's five, six, seven seconds long or isometric holds that's gonna throw off the cadence of breathing. And really the primary thing that you need to focus on is that you do breathe and you don't hold your breath. So the most dangerous part of the breathing that you could, where you could go wrong is holding your breath while you're doing heavy weight and passing out, right? That's really it. Yeah, you know, focusing on your breathing is something that I do later on when I'm training a client because here's what you're doing. If you're starting to work out your beginner, intermediate maybe even the beginning of advanced you're focusing on your technique, your form, the squeeze.  It's like thinking about blinking while you're working out. Make sure you blink this many times in between. Like all of a sudden I'm throwing things in at myself and confusing myself. I would tell clients just breathe normally.  Later on when they became more advanced we're doing heavy lifting. It became more important. Like if I'm teaching a client how to do a max set. That's when I'm teaching them breathe in, brace, hold your breath, breathe out on the way up. Otherwise, totally breathe normal or I'll remind someone to breathe. Sometimes clients will stop while they're doing a set. I mean, hey, don't forget to breathe. Yeah, that's what I experienced the most was just to remind them. Oh, breathe, breathe, hold the breath. Yeah, cause then they start getting dizzy, like headed like as a result because they're not listening to their body. Your body, like it has a natural ability to know like, okay, if I'm under stress, like I'm gonna kind of brace up. I'm gonna brace to be able to handle this load. And it's just a matter of like, I have to still breathe during that process.  Yeah, if you're really focusing on your breathing then you should not be doing challenging. If this is something you wanna work on, for example, then do it with lighter weights and stuff that's not super challenging. It's great to do in the beginning of your journey. Yeah, don't throw, like I gotta focus on my breathing and do this really challenging exercise because it tends to be too many variables at once and the person screws one or the other up. So if I am doing breathing training with someone, it's light or not at all. We're just focusing on how to breathe, how to do diaphragmatic breaths. But it's not really something that I think you should, and this is exactly the question is exactly what ends up happening. I get distracted and it messes up my form. Exactly. That's what happens all the time.