Welcome to using the fire safety provisions in NCC Volume 2. The focus of this presentation is on the specific fire safety provisions in the NCC Volume 2. This is what you will learn about in this presentation where fire safety is covered in NCC Volume 2, fire safety related performance requirements, fire safety DTS provisions in section H of Volume 2 and the ABCB Housing Provision Standard Housing provisions. Assessment methods and verification methods are the useful resources. Fire safety in NCC Volume 2, governing and performance requirements. The two performance requirements in part H3 of NCC Volume 2 reflect the key concerns for fire safety in Volume 2 of the NCC. Reducing the risk of a fire spreading between buildings or structures. Warning occupants in the event of a fire so that they can evacuate safely. Protecting the building itself is not actually a primary aim of the NCC fire safety provisions. The building can burn down as long as the occupants can evacuate safely and the fire does not spread to other buildings. The DTS provisions in part H3 also reflect these key concerns with particular DTS provisions that relate to the different factors that can affect the spread of fire from or to a building and one that relates to warnings. The four relevant performance requirements in part H7 relate to Heading appliances installed in a building that can increase the risk of fire. Buildings in alpine areas with key concerns being ensuring that exits are not blocked by snow conditions and ensuring that there is space for emergency vehicles. Buildings in bushfire prone areas that must meet additional standards to reflect the risk of bushfires. The construction of private bushfire shelters. The DTS provisions in part H3 provide a means for complying with three of these four performance requirements. There are no relevant DTS provisions for H7 P6 private bushfire shelters but there is a verification method in part H7 that can be used. Verification methods are discussed later in the presentation. They should remember that they don't have to use the DTS provisions but can develop a performance solution instead or they can use a combination of a DTS solution and a performance solution. Fire safety in NCC volume 2, DTS pathways for compliance. In section H of volume 2 some DTS provisions contain more than one pathway for compliance. Usually the first of these pathways will be by reference to a relevant Australian standard or a similar reference document. The second will be by referencing a part or section of the ABCB housing provisions standard aka the housing provisions. The fire safety related DTS provisions in volume 2 are found in part H3 fire safety and part H7 and silvery provisions and additional construction requirements. You will find they contain references to the housing provisions. The housing provisions contains the majority of the DTS provisions for volume 2 including those relevant to fire safety. If a DTS provision in volume 2 does not reference the housing provisions then the housing provisions cannot be used for that provision. The housing provisions contains DTS provisions considered to be acceptable forms of construction that meet the requirements for complying with parts H1 to H8 of volume 2. That is they comply with the performance requirements listed in parts H1 to H8 of volume 2. The housing provisions must be applied in line with each of the following. Section A governing requirements of volume 2. Any conditions on the housing provisions set out in the DTS provisions of volume 2 were referenced and the scope clause at the start of each section of the housing provisions. Fire safety performance requirements in part H3 of NCC volume 2. H3 P1 spread of fire. SAH3 P1 variation applies in South Australia only. A brush fence means a fence or gate that is primarily constructed of broom brush Malaluka Unsenata a class 1 building. This applies only to a class 1 building not to class 10 buildings. May need to consider sitting materials and construction methods to reduce the risk that fire will spread to or from a building or boundary. Associated class 10 building. Protect the class 1 building from fire from another class 1 building on the same block. For example a granny flat or sleep out. This does not apply to an associated class 10 building such as a garage, carport shed or fence on the same property. The allotment boundary is the legal edge of the property may or may not have a fence or other clear delineation. This applies even if there are currently no buildings on the neighbouring property or properties. This is figure H3 P1. A class 10 A building. Applied to class 10 A building on the property. For example a private garage, shed or carport. Must not increase fire risk to nearby class 2 to 9 buildings. H3 P2 automatic warning for occupants. A class 1 building. Applies only to a class 1 building not to class 10 buildings or structures. Automatic warning. Automatic means designed to operate when activated by heat, smoke or fire sensing device. Typically a smoke alarm but this is not the only way of meeting this requirement. What are the DTS provisions in part H3 fire safety? Part H3 fire safety contains DTS provisions for complying with the fire safety related performance requirements. That is H3 P1 spread of fire, H3 P2 automatic warning for occupants. Most of the DTS provisions in part H3 reference the DTS provisions for the housing provisions. Many of the provisions relate to the separation distances between buildings and structures and construction standards for situations in which these distances are not met. i.e. when the distance between buildings is less than the specified minimum distance. There are also provisions relating to separating walls between sole occupancy units SOUs to ensure that they resist the spread of fire. Part 9-2 fire separation of external walls talks about encroachments. An encroachment is something that advances beyond the usual or proper limits. In this case it means parts of the building that extends within the required separation distances. Some building elements such as gutters and eaves can extend within these limits as long as they are built to the required fire safety standard. Apertinent structures and a pertinence is defined as something accessory to another and more important thing and require a dictionary. So a structure that is an appurtenant to a building is related to it in some way. In part the term often refers to a garage that is associated with a house. A house might need to be protected from the spread of fire from an appurtenant structure such as a garage associated with the house or from a non-appurtenant structure such as a shed on a neighboring property boundary. Part 9-5 smoke alarms and evacuation lighting talks about requirements for smoke alarms in Class 1A and Class 1B buildings, requirements for emergency lighting in Class 1 buildings. When people are sleeping their senses smell does not operate effectively and they may not detect smoke. Part 9.5 also provides helpful explanatory information relating to smoke alarms. When deciding on the position of smoke alarms it is important to remember that they are intended to detect smoke before it reaches the sleeping occupants of the building. This is to ensure that occupants wake up and to allow time for the occupants to evacuate the building. Generally this requires the smoke alarm to be located in the corridor between sleeping areas and living areas. In a Class 1B i.e. a boarding house or short term accommodation a lighting system must also be installed and be activated by the smoke alarms to assist occupants to evacuate in the event of a fire. This is because the occupants are less likely to be familiar with the layout of the building and won't necessarily be able to locate the exits easily in the case of a fire. Figure 9.5.2B Housing provisions illustrates an example of how smoke alarms should be located in a Class 1A building where bedrooms are located in separate areas. Figure 9.5.3 Housing provisions illustrates an example of how smoke alarms should be located in a Class 1B building where bedrooms are located in the same area. Figure 9.4.2 Housing provisions illustrates an example of separating wall and floor construction for a Class 1A and Class 10A building and requirements for fire protection. Interpreting Part 9 Fire Safety in the Housing Provisions Question 1. According to Part 9.2 of the housing provisions, what distances are relevant when you are trying to determine whether an external wall of a Class 1 building requires fire-resisting construction? Answer 1. Part 9.2.1 External Walls of Class 1 Buildings must comply with the provisions of Part 9.2.3 Fire-Resisting Construction if the wall is less than A. 900mm from an allotment boundary other than the boundary adjoining a road or other public space or B. 1.8 meters from another building on the same allotment other than a Class 10 building associated with the Class 1 building or a detached part of the same Class 1 building. Question 2. According to Part 9.2 of the Housing Provisions, what options do you have for materials used in an external wall that must have a fire-resisting construction? Answer 2. Part 9.2.3 Construction of External Walls Clause 2. An external wall that must be fire-resisting can be of materials with an FRL of not less than 606060 when tested from the outside or masonry-venier construction in which the external masonry-venier is not less than 90mm thick or masonry construction not less than 90mm thick. Question 3. According to Part 9.3 of the Housing Provisions, what requirements apply to combustible roof lights that are installed in a roof or part of a roof that is required to have non-combustible covering? Answer 3. Part 9.3.3 Roof Lights The roof lights must have an aggregate area not more than 20% of the roof or part of the roof and be not less than 900mm from the vertical projection of a separating wall extending to the underside of the roof covering. Question 4. According to Part 9.5 of the Housing Provisions, what Australian standards apply to smoke alarms installed in Class 1 and Class 10 buildings in different circumstances? Answer 4. Part 9.5.1 Smoke Alarm Requirements Smoke alarms must comply with AS3786 smoke alarms using scattered light, transmitted light or ionisation or AS1670.1, fire detection, warning, control and intercom systems, systems design, installation and commissioning, fire. When the smoke alarm is installed in a private garage where the use of the area is likely to result in spurious signals provided that smoke alarms that comply with AS3786 are installed elsewhere in the Class 1 building. Where would you place smoke alarms in the Class 1A building shown on the right to comply with the Part 9.5 of the Housing Provisions? Interconnected smoke alarms would be required in both hallways that lead to bedrooms. Fire Safety Performance Requirements in Part H7 of NCC Volume 2 H7P3 Heating Appliances This variation applies in Tasmania only. Heating appliance and its associated components. This applies to the appliance itself and all associated components. For example, ductwork, piping, brackets, stands and electrical components. H7P4 Buildings in Alpine Areas An Alpine area is area where snow loads are significant. Areas that receive significant snowfall which is likely to accumulate in the ground. Located in New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania. External trafficable structures could include roads, laneways, bridges or walkways, driveways, balconies or decks with exits or stairways from the building. Abstractor means that egress means snow or ice falling from the roof of a building can restrict people's ability to enter or exit the building causing a problem for evacuation during an emergency. Snow or ice from a building cannot. Fall onto other properties or roadways or public spaces. Abstract access from that building or any other building. H7P5 Buildings in bushfire prone areas TAS H7P5 is a NCC variation applied in Tasmania. Adds a requirement to provide access for emergency vehicles and water supply for firefighting. The designated bushfire prone area is land that is subject to or likely subject to bushfires. New South Wales variation for this defined term can be found in Schedule 5. Bushfire prone areas are legally designated by state and territory governments. H7P6 Private bushfire shelters. A tenable environment. The shelter must provide an environment free of flame, heat, smoke and toxic gases for the number of people who might be expected to use it for as long as necessary. How long depends on consideration of the factors listed. Applications. H7P6 only applied to Class 10C buildings. Private bushfire shelters. That is bushfire shelters associated with private residential buildings such as Class 1 buildings. Notes. No DTS provisions included in Volume 2 or the housing provisions to meet this performance requirement. Refer to the ABCB performance standard for private bushfire shelters. Verification methods in Part H3 Fire Safety in Volume 2. Which of the verification methods in Part H3 could you use in each of the following circumstances? Question 1. To verify compliance with requirements to avoid the spread of fire between buildings on adjoining allotments. Answer 1. H3V3. Avoidance of the spread of fire between buildings on adjoining allotments. H3P12. Question 2. To verify compliance with requirements to avoid the spread of fire between buildings on the same allotment. Answer 2. H3V1. Avoidance of the spread of fire between buildings on one allotment. H3P11A. Question 3. To verify compliance with requirements to avoid the spread of fire from an allotment boundary. Answer 3. H3V2. Avoidance of spread of fire from allotment boundary. H3P11B. What are the DTS provisions in Part 12 andcillary provisions of the housing provisions? Part 12 andcillary provisions of the housing provisions contains DTS provisions for complying with the relevant DTS requirements of Part H7 Volume 2. They cover two of four of the fire safety related performance requirements in H7. That is H7P3 Heating Appliances and H7P4 Buildings in Alpine Areas. Assessment methods for fire safety and NCC Volume 2. Whether you choose to use a DTS solution or a performance solution or a combination of them, you may need to provide some evidence that the proposed solution complies with the performance requirements. The NCC recognises four valid ways of assessing possible compliance solutions which are shown on the slide. All four methods can be used to demonstrate compliance with all or part of the performance requirements when you are using a performance solution. Evidence of suitability and expert judgment can be used when you are using a DTS solution. The various fire safety related sections and parts of NCC Volume 2 include a number of relevant verification methods, each of which can be used in certain circumstances. Example 1. Ensuring fire safety. Location. Urban Australia. The key considerations in this case would relate to determining where the boundaries of the block are and which ones present a fire risk. The requirements that apply to buildings or structures or different classes on the same and neighbouring blocks, e.g. the granny flat versus a garage. Note that no setback distances are given, but you can still discuss the impact of different setback distances, e.g. less and more than 900mm from the boundary. The open fireplace and chimney in the right hand building that will require additional construction to ensure fire safety. Example 2. Ensuring fire safety. Location. Threadbow, New South Wales. The key considerations in this case would relate to the building is a Class 1B building. Location in an alpine area means the provisions in H7P4 apply. Possibly located in a bushfire prone area, if so then H7P5 also applies. Also need to check New South Wales Government designation of bushfire prone areas. The open fireplace in the lounge area which would require different construction to reduce the risk of the spread of flames, smoke, etc. The provisions of H7P3 apply. DTS provisions would include fire resistant construction underneath the fireplace, stove, and a flue above it, which would require appropriate construction to prevent the escape of flames, embers, heat, smoke or gases. Placement of smoke alarms, especially in the corridor which leads to four of the bedrooms. H3P2 applies. Need for emergency lighting and where this might be placed. While no neighbouring buildings or roads are shown, you could still discuss the need to keep exit pathways clear and space for emergency vehicles. Other useful resources. Standards are mandatory when referenced within the NCC. For example, if you choose to use the DTS provisions of H7P4 to comply with requirements for a steel frame building in a bushfire prone area then compliance with the NASH standard would be mandatory or alternatively AS 3959. It is possible to use an alternative performance solution instead. Handbooks and videos are non-mandatory resources that provide guidance and help. But nothing in them needs to be complied with in order to comply with the NCC. Summary. Volume 2. Performance requirements. Part H3 fire safety. Part H7 ancillary provisions and additional construction requirements. Volume 2. DTS provisions. Part H3 fire safety. Part H7 ancillary provisions and additional construction requirements. Housing provisions. Part 9 fire safety. Part 12 ancillary provisions. Key points. Overall aim is to prevent the spread of fire from or to other building structures. Warn occupants of a fire to allow for safe evacuation. The housing provisions contain relevant fire safety related DTS provisions referenced in NCC volume 2. If a DTS provision in volume 2 does not reference the housing provisions then the housing provisions cannot be used for that provision. Fire safety requirements can be met using DTS provisions including the housing provisions or a compliant performance solution. Section A governing requirements must also be complied with. Thank you for your time. That brings our presentation on using the fire safety provisions in NCC volume 2 to a close. If you'd like more information please visit abcb.gov.au


What is going on guys welcome back to the channel critical overlord here in this video as you see in the thumbnail? Yes, this is a screen 5 video We're gonna be talking about the possibility of ghost face dying in the opening scene of screen 5 now For anyone jumps in any rash conclusions about what I mean There's a logical reason for what I'm talking about so in every screen movie We have an opening kill an opening attack something happens in the opening Or we could have multiple fake-out openings like screen 4 not I don't yeah, they're definitely not gonna do that I hope they don't but we know there's always an opening some type of setup that involves something happening in the opening of these movies So what I was thinking about was the idea of them playing with us Making us think one thing and then we get a sense of relief later on when we see what's happening let's say that Just a backtrack because I want to pre-face this by saying I know there's a lot of people who have said they'd like They would like to see a movie that starts off showing the Marine Prescott murder how that played out So in a way, this could be kind of fulfilling But it's not exactly that because it's not Marine Prescott. We're not gonna see how she died or anything but Think of it as you'll get something similar So we know we're gonna have these two sisters the carpenter sisters Sam And Tara Carpenter played by Melissa Barrera and Jen Ortega it seems that Jen Ortega's character is gonna be the main character Tara Carpenter and Sydney Prescott will get involved Sam Carpenter we're getting involved but it feels like honestly Sam Carpenter's character will be just a side piece and then I think the narrative will mostly be about Sydney and then Tara for one reason or another Sam we're expecting her to have some type of big involvement in it But ultimately the film I don't see it being about her I see it being mostly about Tara and then Sydney Prescott now What this has to do and how all these ladies will be connected connected together. That's the part that has me a little Perplexed. I'm excited to see what happens. Can't wait to see how they link them all together Other than of course, Sydney just coming to town because again, I'm under the impression. Do we will die? That's what would withdraw her in and she's just gonna help these girls figure out who's after them so What I was thinking about getting back to the opening is the fact that a lot of us are also Speculating that Tara Carpenter played by Jen Ortega will open the film and that there will be some other character with her Some people have said this will be the third Carpenter sister who people are speculating about who could be the one to die Some people speculate this will be played by Selena Gomez Other people are speculating it will be Tara and her mother since we know there is a mother that will be in the film for Sam and Tara, but she won't be as involved as they are Because of the fact that if you've seen those audition tapes again If you don't want any potential spoilers or anything like that don't even bother watching any further I guess but if you saw those audition tapes These aren't even like big spoilers or anything, but or even big hints But what happened in the audition tapes was we know that there's a scene where they mentioned the mother of Sam and Tara Carpenter whether or not that happens in the movie That's yet to be seen But she exists they were looking for this character to be betrayed by somebody because there is a roll call for her and She just doesn't seem to have a big role So what I was thinking about with this opening and getting back to Ghostface dying at the opening is that we could have a isolated incident occur where Tara Carpenter and her mother or her older sister are attacked by a Ghostface killer Taunted harassed on the phone the typical ordeal. It's very It's a very good opening a lot of suspense a lot of Attention-building gets under your skin very unnerving very disturbing Kind of probably gonna be one of the best opening sequences that we've gotten since the second screen film That's what I would hope for or even something that can compete with Drew Barrymore's opening from the original Was we always would love to see something that comes close or something that outdoes that one That's what we all would love to see from a screen movie We have an opening where they're attacked by Ghostface the mother or the older sister in this case Whoever it is dies and that just leaves Ghostface and Tara Jen Ortega Jen Ortega though manages to kill this person and then that's it We are as the audience we think We're all good of course gonna be shocked like what the hell Ghostface is dead And then you know, we have the ambulance come It's an isolated incident. We even get to find out Let's even say we get to find out who it is We get to find out who this person was and when I say we find out who it is Of course, it's not someone we recognize. This is just some random person It's just some random person because we don't know them But they are now dead and they were they were in this Ghostface costume harassing these ladies and unfortunately someone ended up dead and Tara managed to kill Ghostface before she ended up dead what happens though is we would have time passed by time passes by and The killings start again the killings start again more Ghostface killings are occurring and It's happening all over Woodsboro and of course that would draw in Gale Weathers, Dewey Riley, Sidney Prescott ultimately again would come in because Dewey's gonna die full full believer in that and then What happens throughout the movie is the speculation that maybe what happened six months ago was supposed to be the start of what's happening now and It's it's kind of gonna be It's gonna be revealed that what happened six months ago or however many months ago because I think there's gonna be I'm thinking there's gonna be a time jump in my mind with this theory and that way They have something to work with as far as like what was that isolated incident about because what the opening is? Gonna do it's gonna subvert our expectations by not only having Ghostface getting killed one of the people he was trying to kill kills him We find out who the person is not to say that we would know him because it's just some random dude And then what happens is we have time pass the town of Woodsboro thinks that's an isolated incident Everything's over what happened though was they just had to regroup because they were not expecting that they were trying to start What they were planning to do right then and there But of course they had to regroup because the person that they put in that position ended up getting killed So what I'm thinking about is them going in that direction of doing that whole cult thing with Ghostface having a cult of Ghostfaces where They're kind of trying to do what Kevin was wanting to do originally with screen 3 where stew was the leader But there's no stew or anything like that They're just trying to do that whole cult thing and do it in their own manner So that's what I was talking about when I was saying Ghostface dies at the beginning of the film Not to say that that's the only Ghostface because that's the part that's gonna have everyone shocked Everyone's gonna be just thrown off by the fact that the killer is dead and he's died at the opening of the film But of course we have several more minutes to watch so I think people would catch on to it It's just them subverting your expectations already off the bat Ghostface has died and we're gonna jump six months later however many months later and we're gonna catch up with new characters catch up with Tara again and Talk about how what's going on now was connected to what was trying to be started six months ago That's just my theory on this but let me know what you guys think about this down in the comment section below if you haven't Make sure you subscribe turn on post notification every missed a video in the description I have links on my social media accounts on my Facebook Twitter and Instagram you can message me there of course Let me does any movies news or reviews you'd like me to cover in the future without it in my guys I will see you in the next video


Welcome Aloha and thanks so much for joining us at Think Tech Hawaii. This is the last week of the Think Tech fundraising so if you get time and you're motivated and you think Think Tech is doing good things to promote difficult conversations to make good trouble as we do then click on Think Tech Hawaii, click on donate and whatever you're willing to do is greatly appreciated. We have with us today retired Judge Sandra Sims and author now working on her second book. David Lewis former attorney general of the state of Hawaii law partner and also an author and maybe working on his second book and professor emeritus from the University of Toledo School of Law Ben Davis who's now visiting professor at Washington and Lee School of Law and David Larson immediate past chair of the American Bar Association section of dispute resolution and professor at Mitchell Hamlin Law in Minneapolis St. Paul. Okay so this is our last one of the year we get a chance to kind of go out on whatever note you choose. What do you think are the challenges that really face us going into 2023? Sandra you want to start us off? The challenges okay I can start the challenges I think I don't know if I start with challenges because I think we're sort of ending this year on at least it appears to me quite a hopeful note. I think well for those of you who think so I think the election results were mid-term elections results were considerably more than we had expected and turned out to be a far more positive situation than we then those of us who you know lean toward that that side I would imagine. I think we made some progress in addressing the issues that were generated by the overturning of world versus weight and as well as forestallings any sort of pushback on interracial and same sex marriage which hadn't been codified before so that's like there now and we have I was noticing yesterday listening to some of the Sandy Hook tributes that the young people who are coming out of that who've been very very energized to address some of the key issues that surround young folks are now turning 18 they're registering to vote we're seeing more of that so actually it's kind of hopeful right now for some things to make there's obviously there's still challenges but I've been seeing all year the you know the young folks are going to save us and apparently they're getting ready to do so yeah we're certainly not the seniors in there voting at least the white team so one of the challenges that goes along with the bright spots that you just insightfully pointed out is if the republicans control the house and the democrats control the senate and the executive hey are they just going to shut things down in gridlock ben well i'll jump in and uh and say that uh say that uh it's not uh looking so good okay i mean once the numbers come up so that there is a republican majority in the house you know the the first intimations leaving aside the whole mccarthy thing of whether he's going to make it or not but the whole intimations of what's on their agenda did not look like it was an agenda of uh moving on or addressing uh particular problems of people you know it was sort of like let's have a lot of uh of hearings on various things and hunter biden's laptop i've been i think i have i must have that in my closet here you know that's where it's being hidden you know uh but you know there's a lot of that going on now i don't know if uh uh this is kind of the the bluffing beforehand but uh one thing that uh i do uh gives me concern or qualms i'll just say it this way is that uh just the amazing capacity for people to say things that are really like insane in but i wonder if there's a certain amount of people being willing to say that is insane uh i just was listening to news early today and i guess there was some member of the uh freedom caucus who was saying that the shooter in that buffalo rest uh that buffalo supermarket uh was really antifa you know and i was like wait but the guy literally had the n word written on his gun you know what i mean i was like i mean and he and he fully you know i had all that stuff but i was like seriously is that you know it's almost like it's so crazy that uh i don't know how that plays out that 80 or 90 percent of americans but i look at that i say uh whether you're trying to quote unquote own the libs or not it's just insane i mean you know i mean if somebody could feel owned by that it just seemed to you know you look at the person and say geez have you taken your medication you know what i mean because this uh so the other things like that that um there's this kind of weird reversal thing that goes on where you have this sort of political discourse it's all there like i think it was on fox news was really upset about the lgbt thing passing right you know but they don't say anything about the interracial part of it i say wait a minute man you know you know i'm in virginia okay loving v virginia 1967 you know virginia is for lovers you know and all that stuff and it's like oh you know this is a bad law what about talking about the interracial part you know and how does that play into your because both are covered in this law you know and it's just funny you know to watch this sort of what's said and what is unsaid weird game you know and i don't know what the answer is and but um you know i saw a lot of folks who are allies who are lgbt who felt good you know they actually felt good and i said well that's good with all the craziness that's good that for at least a little bit there's a little optimism and so maybe that's the thing that i'm positive about but uh you know i saw i there's another thing is and i'm going to end with this is uh i you know i i believe in and uh faith and things like that and you know religious faith and all that but i i i have to say i am seriously amazed at what is said in the name of faith with the the texts that have come out after or around january 6th or right up to january 2021 uh is we're calling for martial law in jesus's name kind of thing and i'm like what what was it lately you know i mean i'm just kind of you know figure that one out you know how you get from this to that you know what i mean so i don't know but it it sure looks like a lot of insanity is is exhibiting itself i don't know how far it's going so dammit louis while you were attorney general for hawaii you were instrumental in getting the same sex marriage passed here are there lessons or challenges from that that we still need to keep front and center now um well that that was my privilege to be involved in that and it was part of you know a national movement uh where we had the uh united states state supreme court at that time ruling in obergefell and in the windsor cases that supported same sex marriage you know my take on this to riff a little bit off of what sandra and ben has said is is that i think we are in a mixed bag period i i can't quite tell some days i think it's two steps forward and one step back and some days i think it's two steps back uh i'll be it with one step forward because there are there are great things that have happened we yes yes we got legislation to to codify nationally same sex marriage and and uh interracial marriages but you have the supreme court taking away rights and you have just as thomas saying yeah we should we should uh get rid of all all those prior decisions that gave anybody rights uh you've got good things like alex jones being uh held liable for billions of dollars uh for his lies but you have other people continuing to spew hate and lies you still have asians being attacked uh for the color of their skin um at the same time i i saw a story about a new chief justice or new justice of the nevada supreme court who is asian and black it's a woman and she's a really i i read the story about her she's really terrific so to me it's it's a mixed bag um of of what's happening and and uh um the the one thing is is is that you you know somehow that uh with the internet and with donald trump and and and with all of the dog whistles we have let the genie out of the out of the lamp here and the genie is doing terrible things everybody feels empowered now to to say or do terrible um and you know i saw this cartoon i saw it and it was just like you know uh where it was saying be yourself speak your truth don't let people put you down and then the next panel was about you know gays and lesbians and blacks and asians going yeah yeah yeah that's right we're gonna speak our truth and then the next panel was a bunch of neo-nazis and skinheads going yeah we're gonna speak our truth we're gonna go kill those mothers you know and it's like oh my god oh my god you know it's terrible you know and so i i regarded as a mixed bag there are some bright spots but there are also some dark spots yeah and uh you know when when uh governor abercrombie pushed forward the legislation in hawaii and uh uh to allow same sex marriage you know and and when uh president obama got elected i naively thought we have turned the corner we have turned the corner we're we're moving forward we're bending the arc of history in the right direction we turn the corner all right and then after that we got and it all went to hell with the donald trump uh so you know but but that's not permanent either because he's he's starting to get his comeuppance so i think it's a mixed bag some good some bad okay and we can hope that kevin mccarthy doesn't try and break the house record of 133 votes for speaker of the house that's the most yeah so david larson where do you think we're headed and what's in the way of that lots of interesting comments um chuck you asked the question are we going to be stuck in in stasis because um now the the republicans are going to take the house 435 members um you know it's a little harder to reign in that many people as opposed to hundred senators so i think the possibility of some defections is greater i think it's going to be a little harder to keep that that slight majority all in line so i'm a little more optimistic that uh that the house won't be able to stop everything from going through that some people may have a conscience and don't need a lot of them and they might kind of drift over and and support legislation that's really aimed at helping people so i'm not completely pessimistic about the fact that the that the house going a different direction than the senate and the executive um i am optimistic that finally it looks like some of the criminal prosecutions are moving forward for january 6th and against the former president trump that to me that's really encouraging it's taking forever but there's so many different actions moving forward you have to believe that one or two are going to catch traction and maybe actually come to some kind of conclusion uh i am still a little concerned about i think we still have culture wars um you know we still have some very strong positions in terms of abortion in terms of um in rate in positions on race and sexual orientation and i think those are challenges going into 2023 that how can we begin to close the gaps in the culture wars and that people are so polarized on different positions what can we do to kind of bring them more um towards the center closer to each other another thing that that definitely has me concerned i'm coming out of 2022 into 23 is uh if anything the number of mass shootings is going up uh i think they're really worse and like every every day you're seeing things and we've got 19 kids getting killed in uvaldi and two teachers uh it's just horrific and um you know and that's i think one legitimate concern about the house going republican is that to the degree that we desperately need legislation to limit um high powered rifles and automatic weapons and i don't know if we can get it through the house and uh and if we don't do something these mass shootings and mass killings are just going to going to continue so that's that's really troubling um a really optimistic news point came out the other day is that apparently we are now learning how to harness fusion and um and if that's true and that we're going to be able to move away from fossil fuels that is tremendously exciting that's going to change our our climate that's going to change global power structures um that's that is a remarkable discovery and hopefully what we're hearing is true and that they actually can move forward and and capitalize that and then uh as quickly as possible and as efficiently as possible so that's something i'm definitely optimistic about well that's a great insight because it gives us direction and motivation and that may be what's most needed to deal with these challenges that if some people are stuck remind them the great majority of the populace prefers gun control abortion affordable housing for the homeless and the poor health care for the homeless and the poor all of those things so is there going to be any progress on any of those so there was a story on npr this morning about how the republican legislators in Ohio are trying and in a bunch of states uh notwithstanding the overwhelming popular sentiment in favor of various uh initiatives and rights that the republican legislators are trying to take away the ballot initiatives and and and the fact that you could change the constitution by popular vote so what you have is the hand reaching up from the grave uh to try and and you know kill the future uh and the popular will and it's it's unfortunate but that goes along with the exercise of power you will always have people trying to control others uh and bend them to their will uh and do things that are against the will of the people which is unfortunate so i don't know that we you know you got to get people activated you got to get them out to vote uh and unless they're willing to exercise their rights those rights are going to be gone the you know democrats were motivated to vote in these midterms i think in part because of the overturning of real versus weight but i also think that a lot of people were motivated to vote in some republicans because it finally began to sink in that they're that that democracy is fragile and that um yeah you can slip into an autocratic state a lot more easily than perhaps we once thought and uh i listened to a lot of interviews of voters in georgia and there were republics saying i'm voting in this election because i'm concerned about the future of democracy and i didn't hear that so much um even four years ago so to me that that's encouraging that the idea that people are saying we really do have to protect this and i think the the failure of so many trump endorsed republicans around the country is a recognition of that that we really need to elect responsible intelligent people as opposed to um extreme ideologues if i could jump in on one thing that does uh occur to me and um uh so andra i i guess i'm i'm reaching out to you in particular but more broadly to all of us is the uh the sort of revelations about the supreme court that are coming out right now uh about you know the efforts to influence them outside of that oral argument you know thing that we always think about or the submissions and the oral argument structure and all that stuff and this uh i i saw that there was a gentleman who said that you know he'd gotten a heads up on an earlier case as the as the answer was and he testified before congress and talked about very conscious effort uh in the sort of the anti-abortion movement right okay but what occurred to me was like what about any other thing out there what other issues yeah other issues um i mean we've had uh various law schools have been you know you'd have a supreme court justice who would come and talk you know and you know you can you can see a supreme court justice speaking to a group or this kind of thing and like seeing an effort to really sort of shape the context for them in ways that i found really kind of uh nagging at me that they've got to deal with this in some way i don't know if they're able to do it but it you know if people are really feeling that it's just politics and who you know and you know and who can influence um which maybe a lot of people already think i still think it's really troubling at least the forms of of distance in the forms of independence because it got me thinking all the way back to the cases in the 1800s and 1900s was there you know the kind of club thing at the cosmo club or whatever it was going on while the case is being argued by the lawyers in front of them and there is this influence game going on in the background and that's what yeah the most recent thing again yeah i i was gonna get to that the minute that the sort of the concern about the supreme court um is something that's kind of nagging at me to kind of think that wait a minute we're really entering into an era where that our supreme court is not viewed in the same way that you know those of you who are on this panel would have seen how a supreme court is to be regarded how you regard the rules of precedent and even their interactions with each other the upside though well it's kind of it's hard right now to watch what's happening in the supreme court at least to me it is um you know i think that i think postponing garland for a year and then we bear it down in a week i think that those two actions really destroyed a lot of faith in the supreme court he did the idea that it's a non-political body because that's the only way you can explain that yeah yeah it's raw political power yeah that is troubling that part is and then of course the whole thomas jenny thomas and his wife's situation is that's that's just plain scary to me uh that that's just scary to me that you could have that kind of i mean that's what you have that relationship that's fine but you just glibly say that it's not having an effect on how you're making decisions nobody believes that right right nobody believes that that's just i don't nobody can believe that right i mean it's quite disappointing to me that the justices of the supreme court refuse to establish any kind of an ethics code any behavioral code uh any kind of of of code at all or just rules and regulations that they will not cross um i saw that that um uh justice katanji brown recused herself uh from the harvard case because she's in there but you know the justice thomas justice scalia and the rest of these conservative justices would apparently not recuse themselves from anything um regardless and so so the thing is is that unfortunately um you have some people playing by certain sets of rules and thinking those are fair and other people not wanting to play by the rules and it's very disappointing that that the justices refuse to see it for themselves that they are not above the law and that they should be subject to an ethics code uh just like everybody else every single judge in the united states do an ethics code except for them except for them yeah and we have a chief justice who does not appear to be effective in bringing influence to move in that direction well that makes you think of another thing is this case about the what is the independent legislator case that was argued in front of the supreme court where i think it was the chief justices of all 50 states and seven territories wrote to the supreme court saying this is a bad idea i mean i was like that's pretty that's pretty intense to have 50 chief justices right of the state supreme courts writing to the federal supreme court saying this is a bad idea you know we'll see what happens but you know i'm like that's pretty powerful you know that of course the response will be that of course they're going to say that because what this theory does is cut them out of the loop so the response will be that we can dismiss what they're saying because they just don't want to be cut out of the loop it's all about their power yeah but yeah but you know i'm just going to say i don't buy i don't buy the it's madison it's madison there it is you know the the checks and the balances and the fighting and all that stuff not yeah i sort of make sure that i don't buy what i just said isn't what i maintain yeah no i mean that's the for that's the side of it that this may get promulgated uh should that argument come up in front of us i yeah it is i'm seeing our supreme court now it's is is very very troubling to me well you know the idea that it just literally blows my mind the idea that interracial the legality of interracial marriage is back on the table it's like yeah how yeah how can we go back decades you know how can we go back a time like this and think about like this is a new issue something to be reconsidered it's it's it's just just mind boggling yeah it's and yet here we are here we are yeah here we are yes and we can only hope in some days i have unbridled optimism and hope for the future and other days i'm very depressed we can only hope that that we have enough of an educated rational reasonable populace in the united states that we will not let democracy go without a fight that we that people will not step up you know i mean unfortunately you have autocracies and dictators and strong men asserting themselves in tons of places around the world and you don't have an educated enough populace and you don't have enough people to step forward um to protect the democracy um and be willing to do that and i think we have enough in the united states although some days i questioned that uh you know at the midterm election with the elections coming up a lot of people um were saying that message and then as i said a little earlier i think people heard it i heard voters in george are hearing it the problem is now that the elections have passed and that that immediacy has gone away you know i think some people believe their need for them to uh continue to explain how how vulnerable democracy is how things are at risk how carefully have to be goes away and the people who are working against it they they're not stopping you know they're not letting up so that you know that that balance can kind of start to shift because the voices of reason don't feel that immediacy and are getting a little quieter and the other ones working against that are just not letting up and then our last minute sandra any words of wisdom going forward hey david larson i i i hope you're wrong that's the best i can say i hope you're you're wrong with that and you and i'm sure you you feel the same way but you there are those voices out there but then there are also maybe we don't hear i just believe that we don't hear them as much those that are the easy the intelligent voters are out there the thoughtful citizens are out there uh sometimes when they're engaged and involved in their own communities they begin to see that there are ways that we can communicate with each other that we can address issues you know from a sort of this uh organic local perspective i i have to yeah i agree with david louis well some days you're like yes we're gonna be all right none is like oh my god i can't get out of bed but you know but yeah that's where i'm at okay david louis last words yeah i you know it's just so important for shows like this and for people like all of you to just keep talking your truths to encourage people not to be apathetic remember that's that's what martin luther king said the apathy of your average person is is worse you know than than the guy who's out there who's a uh in your face races sometime it's the apathy of the people who just stand by and allow these things to happen and allow rights to be taken away so uh we just all have to be vigilant and hopefully things will come out all right on the other side okay and david larson last words yeah i i agree um kind of going back to what i said before and what david just said and sandra is that we do have to keep talking have to talk calmly and rationally you know don't don't don't accelerate the volume don't get all worked up just calmly and rationally explain what's at risk here um you know you elect um uh walker in georgia and understand what those implications are then when it comes to federal allocations that he's not going to be argued very effectively to get money for georgia you know understand what do you know what's at stake here and um you know think about the implications and let's talk about it rationally that's like and ben do you want to finish us off well i i i just think a little a good tag lines are also good to you know to break it break things down for people like i really thought it was great when there was this uh reverend in georgia right before the election said we don't need a walker we need a runner you know a runner for justice a runner you know i was like oh you know he you know that that ability to just crystallize it for people in ways you know and and so you know we we we don't need to be walkers for justice we need to be runners you know for justice and housing and making that better world for our children are and you know the best we can't you know we can only do what we can and where we're at and we just try to do what we can and that's already something and quite honestly i feel really good because i see you all and it makes me feel good to see all of you all right because we're in a lot of different places with a lot of different experiences but you know i'm trying to be on the side of the angels and that's all you know and i'm not saying that's a democrat or republican i'm not saying that i'm just in the side of the angels of trying to make it a better world for all this that's already something you know and sundra david and david thanks so much for your insights and we know we have the challenge of trying to build on democracy we're not there yet we got a long way to go but it comes down to what people are willing to stand up for and speak out for and you're exactly right hopefully the voters and the people will give us a direction and that the politicians will have to listen to take care happy holidays happy holidays everybody yeah and holiday greetings from think tech and to all of you and yours take good care thank you so much for watching think tech hawaii if you like what we do please like us and click the subscribe button on youtube and the follow button on vimeo you can also follow us on facebook instagram and linked in and donate to us at thinktecawaii.com mahalo


This study demonstrated that combining optical spectral vegetation indices, OSVIs, and radar polar metric parameters, RPPs, could improve the accuracy of estimating leaf area index, LAI, and biomass of winter wheat. Specifically, the product of modified triangular vegetation index 2, MTVI2, and double bounce eigenvalue relative difference, DRD, was found to be the most accurate predictor of LAI, while the product of enhanced vegetation index, EVI, and radar vegetation index, RVA, was the best predictor of biomass. Furthermore, the product of MTVI2 and DRD was more accurate than the product of EVI and RVI when estimating LAI, while the product of EVI and RVI was more accurate than the product of MTVI2 and DRD when estimating biomass. Additionally, the partial least squares regression, PLSR, model was found to be superior to the multiple stepwise regression, MSR, model in terms of accuracy of estimating LAI and biomass. This article was authored by Shilyang Jin, Goi Junyang, Xingang Su, and others. We are article.tv, links in the description below.


So YouTube team keep it clean. What's going on is engraving here with another video and we got a whole lot to talk about today. So let's just jump straight into it. Well, before we do that, this look right now, cause me and Pookie, we went on a super long walk and we did 8,664 steps. Don't know how many miles that is, but we went for a while. So I was hot, she was hot, but let's do this. Anyway, Trace McSorley. Hardball said that Trace McSorley is going to be out for a couple of weeks due to a back injury. He said it's more than back spasms. You know what, in fact, let's just read Jeff's rebix tweet word for word to see what Hardball said. He said that Trace McSorley wrenched his back Saturday, picking up a box at home. Now, does this box have an IR stash in there? Or anyway, he injured his back, or he wrenched his back picking up a box at home. He played through it, but got it checked further and learned that there was an issue beyond back spasms. So Trace McSorley is going to be out for a few weeks and Tyler Huntley, that's your QB too. It's all but official now. All but official. Like they did sign Kenja Bahar. And I didn't even know he was from over there. Cause I know my boy JB Smooveal, some other people, they say, and they play Pee Wee football with him. So they know he's from the crib. They know his family and stuff. I'm like, okay, I ain't know that. So let me do some more research on Kenji to see what's up with him. But somebody told me today, they said, Kenji, he's like that, man. He's like that. So Ravens, they should be in good shape. And the hot ball said that he's going to get to play too. So I would expect when we play the Panthers on Saturday for this preseason game, I would expect Lamar Jackson to play and Tyler Huntley and Kenji Bahar as well.  But I think he definitely will play this Saturday. Anyway, Ben Cleveland, who I know, when we were streaming on Saturday night, somebody was asking, where's Ben Cleveland? When is he getting in the game? I was like, I don't know. But it appears that Ben Cleveland, he has a concussion. So with concussions, they can be quick in and out, boom. Or with concussions, they can linger. And so hopefully with Ben Cleveland, it's not an ongoing thing. And it's just real quick. And he can be good to go. You don't want to rush him back, of course, because that's a head injury. You don't want to rush him back, but you hope that that can get cleared up ASAP. Now with practice today, did have a little scare towards the end. Because they said that both Sammy Watkins and Brandon Stevens, they left practice early. I know they said Sammy Watkins left with a trainer. With Brandon Stevens, I don't remember if they said he did or not. Now, Hardball said that it ain't anything serious. It shouldn't be anything serious. But again, with Rashad Bateman, hey, he should be back by September. I still don't think that's happening. So again, like I've said for years, I know Hardball has improved when he speaks about injuries. He's improved so much. And like I said, he's learned so much from the Rashad Parryman situation. But seeing his believer. So until we see Rashad Bateman back out there, it's like, okay. Until we see Sammy Watkins back out there. And until we see Brandon Stevens out there, that's when I believe, okay, it's not serious. But we will just see how it goes. Hoping for the best. Speaking of injuries, Hollywood, who I was really thinking, especially after seeing him catch passes and throw passes to LeMond Saturday night before the game, I was really thinking we were gonna get that announcement today that, oh, Hollywood Brown has returned to practice. I thought today was the day, but not yet. But they did say that he was running on another field, opposite the practice field. So he's been out there running and stuff, but good news too. Deion Kane and Miles Boykin, they were doing the same thing as well. So we're getting there. We're getting close to where them boys are back. We're getting really close. They're all getting really, really close because the fact that they're out there, that says a lot. Hollywood has been out there for the past couple of days, but we haven't heard anything about Miles Boykin or Deion Kane being out there. So that is great news. Now, by Tuesday, so by tomorrow. So I'm probably gonna end up seeing y'all later on today. But by tomorrow at 4 p.m., the Ravens have to cut five players in total. They've cut two. Well, they have to, no, no, no. They have to get their roster down to 85. Now, this morning they cut Devonte Harris and Aaron Adoye, who both did play in the pre-season. And I know Devonte Harris had a tackle, I think Adoye had a tackle too. So they both made some plays in the pre-season. But, so they got rid of those two today. They waived both of those two guys today. So that put their roster at 88 from 90. But they signed Kenji Baja. So that will put them back at 89. So now, if my math is correct, they have to make four more moves because they took away two people, but they added one person. So now you have to make four more moves. So could Trace McSorley be put on IR? Maybe. If he's put on IR right now, his season is over. There would be no coming back from it at all. If he's put on IR right now. Because the only way that he would be able to possibly make the team is if they kept him on the roster. If they kept the spot on the active roster and then once they, they could either put him, they could release him from the regular roster before the 53 man, then sign him back to the practice squad or that that'll be it really. Well, they just kept him on active roster. But they're not gonna keep an injured QB3 on the active roster. They just simply can't do that. The spots are way too valuable to keep a third quarterback on the roster that's hurt. So I wonder if Trace is gonna be that first injured reserve guy, man. So we'll see. Well, actually second, cause they already put somebody on injured reserve. So TikTok. Oh, they also had a presser today. This morning has been so busy and it's only 1206. But they had a presser today. The presser feature Devon Duvenay, James Proshay, Adafi Oway. So all the A's on the team, man. And it was nice hearing from all of them. Devon Duvenay, he was very, very happy. He was very upbeat and that's good because he came off of a good pre-season game. Had a couple of nice catches, has nice contested catches. They talked about, he talked about what he wants to improve on moving forward this season. He said he just really wants to improve on his route runner. He said he wants to improve on that. He said his one-hander is better than James Proshay's. So just a little bit of friendly trash talk. But he said James Proshay, that's his best friend. He said that's his best friend on the team. That's his favorite teammate. They came in together and he said they get to work together. They get to make mistakes together and just go through the entire process. So we're really looking forward to Devon Duvenay this season. Next up was James Proshay. He spoke, he spoke a lot. He spoke a little bit longer than Devon Duvenay. And he just talked about, I think somebody asked him about, cause he only had one catch last year and like two or three targets. So it was, he was, he made a minimal impact in the passing game. Somebody talked to him about that. They asked him how he felt about that. And he said everybody's script isn't the same. Everybody's script isn't the same. Everybody's journey is not gonna go the exact same way. And that's true. It's very true. Everybody doesn't get the opportunity at the same time. It's a process. You just gotta wait. So he said that he goes to sleep early. He said he's in bed by 9.30, sleep by 10. And that's why he's always the first guy out there. And that's, that's great. Especially, I thought he was a fifth round pick, but he's actually a sixth round pick. But that says a lot about his work ethic, especially being a lower draft selection. And in a time when Ravens, they did so much at the receiver position. So there's a lot of pressure on him just to even make the team. But the fact that he's really been showing out in training camp. And I know a lot of people said that he was open a lot more than opportunities he got on Saturday night. Cause I think he only had like one catch on Saturday night. But a lot of people saying he was wide open a lot of times, the QBs just didn't see him. So for him to have been showing out and for him to have been doing as good as he's been doing, that's really, really good. So shout out to James Proshay. He talked about how he's just blessed and honored privilege to be able to play football for money. Like to do something that you grew up doing and to get paid for it, to do something that you enjoy and get paid for it, that's a blessing for sure, man. So shout out to James Proshay. It was very nice to hear him speak. Cause we don't get to hear James Proshay really speak. We don't get to hear Duvin, they speak either. We don't really get to hear either one of them speak much. So this was a, it was really nice. And with James Proshay, now there was a little moment where he said that he had always wanted to work with Keith Williams. He said he wanted to work with him in high school. And he said, but he just in college, he didn't have any money. It wasn't like he could fly to wherever Keith Williams was at and go work with him cause he ain't had no bread. But he said when the Ravens brought on Keith Williams, he was like, oh wow. And that's the team keeping it clean, Virgil James Proshay, he let one fly. So Ravens, y'all need to talk to James Proshay. Y'all need to talk to the Sean Elliott cause they definitely wasn't keeping it clean at that press, but I'm joking, relax. Cause I know it was somebody in the comments last time like, relax, but they still ain't keeping it clean. Anyway, but yeah, he just, you could tell that he genuinely appreciates the game of football. He genuinely appreciates it. And I loved it. Loved it. I really appreciate, and then we talked about it before, I really appreciate these Ravens presses because again, I don't know if other teams do it like this. Ravens do these every day after practice, every day, every day. And it gives you a chance to really get to know the coaching staff better. It gives you a chance to know the players better. It gives you a chance to really see them in a different light because we so used to seeing them on Sundays, on game day and stuff. So we see them then, but when you get to hit and speak and hit and express themselves and whatnot, that's nice. Somebody else who spoke was Adafi away.  He doesn't, he doesn't have any energy. And I was thinking like, what? Just because somebody speaks, they speak softly, they speak calmly. It doesn't mean that they don't have energy. I mean, you saw Saturday night, you saw Saturday night. All his energy, he puts it on the field. He ain't gotta come out to the presser yelling and screaming and all that. He ain't gotta do all that. I mean, we saw on the night that he got drafted. Y'all remember the presser tonight, he got drafted. He's talking to the Ravens calmly. It's like he ain't even get drafted.  I just got drafted. Yeah, I'm a first round pick. I'm excited to go to the Baltimore Ravens, just like that, just like that. But in the background, you hear his family screaming, they yelling, they jumping, they celebrating, they going crazy. You hear all that in the background, but he's cool, calm, collective. Just sitting there. So that appears to be his demeanor. So no matter what, that seems like that's what it is. So, and that's big because, and not that anything's wrong with the rah-rah guys, but you gotta have somebody that is calm in all situations. No matter if you winning big, no matter if you losing big, no matter what the situation, somebody that's calm through everything, they will keep you level headed, no matter what. So it creates good balance for your team.  He said that wasn't really something he was used to doing, but he liked it. He said he was hoping that the punt returner was gonna try to run with the ball.  One was six, five, Adafi, away one, six, four, Chris Westry coming at you. Yeah, I probably wouldn't even fight fair quarter. I probably would've waved at it. I probably would've waved by to the ball. You know how they wave fair catch? No, I would've waved by to the ball and ran away. Nope, mm-mm, y'all, do you think y'all about to hit me while I'm looking up at? Nope, mm-mm, bye, see ya, see ya. And that would've been a wrap. So, and he also talked about Justin Houston. What Justin Houston's been showing him. He said, Justin Houston is like Yoda. He said, cause it's like this dude knows everything. So he gets to take in so much from him. And that's a beautiful thing. So it's, I'm just, I'm super excited for Adafi away, man. He, everything that they've been saying, like we, cause we hear about these training camp guys. We hear about them and we get excited even though it's training camp, but we hear about them like, oh, okay, let's go.  But Adafi away, we saw it in a real game in the pre-season game. So it's just, it's exciting to think about what this guy can be capable of, especially when he has everybody else out there with him too. Like think about that. Like this guy, how he looked then was nice, but imagine, there was no Kalaeus Campbell. There was no Derek Wolf. There was no Pernel McPhee. And some other times what he was making plays a lot of the other starters weren't out there either. So it's super exciting to think about the possibilities of this team, of this defense especially right now, man. Now with the offense, we haven't even got to see half the guys on offense because everybody been out with an injury, but it's, so we'll see how it comes along, but I'm sure it'll be fine. It'll be just fine. I know a lot of people worried about it. They worried about the offensive line and Ronnie Stanley, Ronnie Stanley. Speaking of offensive line, Ronnie Stanley had his longest practice today. Kevin Zeitler came back. So that was huge. With Bradley Bozeman, I don't think, I'm not sure if they provided an update on him yet, but he's obviously not back. So we'll see what happens with him. So that's something to keep an eye on. So, okay, Bradley Bozeman out. Tristan Cologne Castillo, Europe. Or Patrick McCarrey if they shipped him back to center, but I think it's gonna be Tristan Cologne Castillo in the meantime, other than that, we just gotta wait and see what happens. We gotta wait and see, but guys are getting healthier again.  So anyway, that's that. Like I said, I'm sure I will see y'all later on again today because again, by tomorrow, tomorrow by 4 p.m. Eastern time, the Ravens have to get rid of, they have to make four more roster moves to get players off of the active roster. So four more roster moves. Again, as long as my math serves me correctly. So who that is gonna be? I would think Trace McSawley would be one of them, but only time will tell. Team Keep It Clean, I appreciate y'all. I love y'all. We are out.