Cam, today is game number 41, which makes it the halfway point. How would you just assess the first half of the season so far? For us as a team, we start all good, competitive. Our first few games start good, competitive. Then the injuries start popping up on us. So a lot of different rotations, a lot of different lineups. So everybody trying to find their groove, trying to play with each other again, figure out how different people play.  Well, I feel like we, you know, we did good with what we had to do. Everything's been positive.    When it comes to like controlling the controllables, what is the one main thing that you guys can control that could help get back to getting those wins? It's our effort and consistency. You know, sometimes we do good on the boards. We block, you know, we do go on the boards, hitting people in some games, you know, we don't really hit nobody. Everybody gets a lot of second chance points on us. So I feel like in that aspect of it, the consistency and the effort part, mainly the effort part, though, we just got to keep that up no matter what. No matter how the game is going, wherever we miss a shot, making a shot, we got to keep that effort up, even on my part. So, I mean, I just got to stay consistent on that part. After that Portland game, a couple of the guys that that game left bad taste in your mouths. Just what's the overall message of how you guys can overall turn things around and come together as a group without not letting the frustration kind of build? Yeah, just keep investing in our game plan, just sticking to the game plan. Not really trying to point the finger aspect, I would say. We just got to stay consistent because, you know, the game plan was pretty good. I mean, they just, they started getting offensive rebounds. That's the only way they started like scorn on us, offensive rebounds and transition. And then Simon's at the end, of course, he's a good player. So he did what he had to do.  But, you know, we just got to stick to it. You know, the coaches know what they're doing. So we just got to trust them, trust them, you know, in their vision. And then we just got to execute it. Why is it, in your mind, has the effort been so up and down?  Why has it been so up and down in your mind? I don't know. I feel like part of it is the making shots piece.  But then we're not making shots and it's like, oh, you know, it gets draining for anything. I don't care who the team is. They can say, oh, we'd have effort no matter what. Now, if you're not making shots, that effort's gonna drop. I don't care who you are. So I probably say that aspect of it, mainly. And then I probably say when the team's going runs, like I've been saying all year, when teams going runs, you know, we drop our heads, sink our head. Everybody does, we're like, oh, here we go again. Instead of just, you know, locking back in on the game plan, just playing through the run. Cause everybody had mixed and run, but I say those are probably the two main aspects. I see from us as a team, but other than that, I mean, we've been solid, solid all year. So nothing to complain about.  That's obvious. So the counting numbers go down, but you've also been just more effective and efficient when you've been starting. How do you get to that same level with whatever minutes you're given when you're coming off the bench? Yeah, I mean, obviously the consistency part of my game is not gonna be as it was early in the year cause like I said, I was starting. So, you know, you can't really expect too many 20, 30 point games from me coming off the bench for these, with these kind of minutes. So I just gotta get in how I fit in and just try to start the game while very efficient, very high.  You know, I feel like when I start off well, we have good energy, we all get pumped up. So I just gotta find a way to lock in. But, you know, like you said, from the starting and bench point, you're not, you're not gonna get too many 20, 30 point games outbursts for me in this role I am in right now. But maybe, maybe it'll change, you know, soon. You know, I get back in the lineup then you can see more consistency from me in the scoring part. But I mean, I just gotta do my job, man. Whatever he wants me to do. He wants to come off the bench. I gotta do that. He wants me back starting. You know, I'm more than open to do it. But, you know, it's just, it's kind of tough. But, you know, I just gotta do my job. How tough is it when you mention things like effort and obviously the paint points last game? How tough is it when those things of restraint from you guys have now become struggles as far as adding onto the season's front? I'll say that again. How tough is it when the strengths you guys have like playing hard, protecting the paint, when those become struggles like Portland game? How tough is it to overcome that now? Yeah, that's tough. Because we're kind of small in our second group. So we gotta put more emphasis on it in our second group because it goes small. But I mean, I know, I don't know, man. We just gotta do it. I mean, you know, we're at the pros. We just gotta do it. We can't really keep talking about it or not really much problem solving. We just gotta hit somebody on the rebound and do it. We just gotta do it. So, you know, 41 games in, we can't keep talking about strategy or not. We just gotta do it. So, season almost coming to an end. So we just gotta even do it. So that's it. This is more restraining when those strikes and those strengths have now become struggles like that. Yeah, exactly. I mean, obviously we're missing day. Day will be helping us in that second group with the rebounds and the physicality of the fives. Because you know, I think with the Lakers, they try to play AD in the second group a lot. So we gotta deal with that.  You know, he handles all that, take care of that. We help him, but you know, it's tough. But like I said, the injury part is killing us right now. So we just gotta keep it up. And you do have the Lakers today and just what's the challenge of going up against LeBron James and Anthony Davis? Nah. Nah. Hold up, hold up, hold up. Yeah, I mean, it's good. You know, playing Bron, you know, I think it's my first time, this is my first time actually playing Bron in a regular season game, like me actually playing. So I like to see how he maneuvers the game and manipulates the game. But, you know, he's a great player. Done a lot for the game. So I'd definitely be playing up my best tonight. I didn't know it was a TV game too. So, you know, I guess to pick it up a notch. But, you know, it's good. Just to be able to play all the time, great like that. So, you know, I can't wait to get it started. This is the moment you're looking forward to when it comes to LeBron regular season, Cam Thomas. Yeah, obviously, I look forward to that. But obviously, growing up, I was a Laker fan. So every time I have a chance to play him, you know, but now I play the Lakers, I just try to go crazy and play that good. So it's more so like me playing the Lakers.  But obviously, playing all the time, great. You cherish moments like that. You can tell your grandkids or kids about it. So it's cool.


Welcome to Toffee TV. It is the Everton News daily. Tim Cahill has been speaking about his aspirations of coming back to Everton one day. He was asked in an interview about Mark Noble being appointed the West Ham Sporting Director and he said he was, could he see himself being in a similar role at Everton. He said since retiring I've really focused on my academics. Ffordd Micheli asked me to be part of the process in picking Frank Lampard as the manager for Everton and that role is a work in progress. I'm away in progress. He said my Everton connection will always be there. How that is going forward is down to the owners to talk about. For me to be a strong leader you have to evolve. If I want to go to Everton one day I'm going to go with my eyes wide open. I'm only 42. When an opportunity comes I need to be ready. Obviously Tim Cahill has been working for Aspire in Qatar ahead of the World Cup. They own different clubs around Europe and he's been involved in that kind of thing. As he said in the interview there he was part of the interview process that picked Frank Lampard. So it's going to be really interesting to see because there was a lot of talk around the time that Frank Lampard came in that he might be part of being a technical director or something. Obviously Kevin Felwell came in and took that role but could there be a role for Tim Cahill? Certainly after the World Cup sort of winds down in Qatar and maybe his role at Aspire maybe winds down with that. Could he be part of it? He's obviously someone who wants to go into that side of the game. He's done his coaching badges. He's done them at Everton. It's not enough for Finch Farn but sees himself on that side of the game. Very intelligent has done degrees and stuff on that side of the game. So it would be interesting to see whether Everton could find room for him. Obviously recently James Vaughan came back to the club after serving out his apprenticeship. He speaks at Samir. He's the loan manager. I'm sure James Vaughan sees himself as someone who can go through the various stages at Everton to maybe find himself one day as a director of football. But obviously Tim Cahill, very savvy individual, a big name in world football. It would be great to have him back at Everton doing something like that. Not just for the sake of it obviously but because he deserves to be that and he's certainly at the moment over in Qatar laying the foundations to come back to Everton. I think he's still got a home in Manchester and I imagine he sees this as his home now and he is obviously a big player. It would be great to have him back at Everton. More than just an ambassador because they come and go, it would be great to have him as part of the fabric of Everton and getting back to the club. Very interesting interview with him there. Obviously Frank Lampard did his press conference yesterday ahead of the game and one of the things he spoke about in the game was how to stop Mitrovich. Obviously Mitrovich is going to be a big figure for Fulham this season. He's the fit person who leads the line and is scoring the goals and they'll be looking to keep him quiet tomorrow. Here's Frank Lampard's thoughts on Mitrovich. He's shown himself. I know what you mean in terms of Premier League but I saw his international record recently and he's outstanding as well. I think he's a top level player anyway and for whatever circumstances previously he hasn't maybe been as prolific and now everything is working for him.  Stopping crosses and dealing with balls in the box in the dangerous goalscoring areas where he's very difficult to mark if he can get a jump and a run and you know in the area he's one of the best players in the league for sure. So we understand the threat. It's up to the Lazter to stop it. There are other threats in the Fulham team but clearly he's a big threat for them. So there you go obviously Mitrovich is the big worry for Everton tomorrow and hopefully James Tarkowski and Conagord you can keep him quiet. We'll have to wait and see if we can. In other news today Everton under 18s midfielder Matthew Apte has signed his first contract. There is a three-year deal and sees him tied down for Everton for three years part of Leighton Baines' teams. That's fantastic news Everton have been handing those contracts out obviously recently and trying to get players tied down especially with other clubs in the north west. Obviously with a big net trying to catch all the top talent so Everton nailing down another player. Another one of Everton's talented youngsters played last night. Jared Branthway played 18 minutes for PS3 in their victory over Arsenal in the Europa League. What a fantastic experience for them to play in a game where PS3 were absolutely brilliant on the night and obviously beating Arsenal 2-0. We really did have a fantastic game and I think that opens up some fantastic opportunities going forward with Everton having the likes of Jere Mina out of contact at the end of the season. Michael Keane I imagine would be available to get Jared Branthway back having a year of real good experience at PSV and hopefully he goes on and plays more games for them and plays in Europe. What a fantastic opportunity for him this season has been and hopefully he gets more games and comes back a real player ready to go to the next level of his career and be someone who's knocking on the door and having a young player there at Everton with the likes of Connor Cody and the likes of James Talkowski ahead of them showing them the ropes. I think that would be fantastic for him as well.  The Gladys Street looking absolutely fantastic if you check out our socials you will see some of them. They look absolutely superb and it's nice to see Everton giving a little nod to the fans. The fans have obviously backed them so much in the last year and helped Everton obviously stay in the Premier League so that's a lovely nod to the fans in the tunnel. I think Evan have put a video out as well so make sure you check that out. There you go. This has been the Evan News Daily obviously big game tomorrow. If you haven't checked out the match preview make sure you do it. Make sure you check out my start at 11 as well and obviously after the game I'll be live hopefully in a good mood. So make sure you check that out as well. Make sure to give this video a like. Subscribe if you haven't already and if you want more great videos. Join us over on Toffy TV Premier. The link is in the description and it will be on the screen in a moment. See you later.


alright everybody what is going on it's Saturday today I've actually got the day off work and I've only done one day and they've already given me a day off but hey I'm not complaining I've got a bit of a stretch coming up after today I've got four 12-hour shifts in a row so that's always a bit painful near the end but it's all good we've got to earn some money but anyway I'm gonna go meet my mate Achilles who also lives here in Alice Springs down at the gym we've both got memberships anytime fitness and I've been trying to organize something with them for a while but it turns out that today I mean I was away recently and it turns out today we're finally doing the same muscle group because that was always the issue or he was there having a rest day this guy I've never I've never met someone to have so many fucking rest days come seriously anyways today we're gonna hit a push session I'm not gonna do triceps because I've hit them three times in the last week so I definitely don't need to hit them again for another couple of days they are feeling my elbows are feeling sweet but I don't want to push them too hard so today we're gonna do chest and shoulders and should be a good sesh so yeah as like I'm saying we're gonna hit chest and shoulders I'm not gonna hit tries he's actually got a YouTube channel as well it's he does gaming and he's also into bodybuilding as well natural bodybuilding he's a king when it comes to macros he has a shitload of knowledge so if anything if you want to ask him anything about diet give him a message but his snapchat will be up here somewhere and also his YouTube channel yeah he's a good mate of mine so give him a follow also his Instagram too alright guys what is going on we're going to attempt a one-take voice over here for this workout now I'm just gonna talk you through it it was me and Achilles this was the first movement that we decided to do now it was gonna be a full push session so we're talking chest shoulders and triceps we decided that was definitely gonna be too long and we just hit chest and shoulders so for chest it was two exercises for shoulders it was two exercises pretty much every single workout regardless of muscle group I'll always start with a big compound lift now you could do a bench press of sorts either a flat and incline decline whatever you want I decided to go on this absolutely delicious flat press machine and actually looking at my form right now I could have put the seat down a little my torso was probably a little bit too high a little bit taller than Achilles and I don't think we changed the seating between sets so if anything I could have put the seat down but basically what I'm focusing on guys is keeping my shoulder blades retracted keeping my shoulders back as far as possible keeping the tension on the chest the whole way up the whole way down keeping a nice nice tempo there and I'm just ripping it out now that was a drop set we did five working sets total and with a drop set to finish a triple drop and that's that's how we did it on every single exercise so the first exercise for chest was a compound lift which was a flat press the second exercise for chest is more so an isolation movement and that is a cable fly now we mixed it up between ones from slightly above the shoulder as you're seeing now with this movement I'm trying to keep a nice constant tension along the chest and along the shoulder keeping my arms you know relatively put you know in line with the cable but the elbow constantly bent that's the way I like to do it guys over you know the only thing that's gonna get you better at executing an exercise like this where you need to get good mind-muscle connection is practice it's time you know time patience practice you get in there you do flies over and over and over again you'll realize when you're not hitting the chest properly mind muscle connection is not something you get straight away you know but anyways this was an example of the flies from the bottom and that was chest done we did two working sets from the top two from the middle and two from the bottom plus the five working sets on the press so that was chest done and then we went over to a shoulder press now shoulders dumbbells Smith machine fucking military press with a barbell you can use this machine here it doesn't really matter what you use in fact to be honest guys usually I don't even do a pressing movement I'll do variations of raises front raises side raises rare dealt flies things like that I don't believe you need a pressing movement to build a good you know big dealt but we did it today anyway so another five working sets I think this is one of my one of the working sets from for eight to ten reps and we did a drop set to finish there as well and then so that was the compound movement for shoulders and finally guys we did a isolation movement for shoulders which was just a seated side raise I used a 12 kilo dumbbell now I can up the weight but because it was at the end of the workout I was feeling pretty fatigued and also sitting down makes it slightly harder as well you can't really swing as much even though it looks like I am swinging slightly but what I will tell you is that the whole way up the whole way down I'm keeping tension on the muscle and whatever I'm training shoulders chest back legs arms it doesn't matter time under tension is absolutely key for me and it's something you know I'm always gonna advocate for so that was the workout guys I hope you got something from it great workout I'll catch you guys the next one alright guys so workout is done fucking successful hope you enjoyed the voiceover it is now time for some post workout gains in the form of some meat got some protein and some carbohydrates which is going to be maybe not yes please oh look at that thank you fresh out of the oven mate can't go wrong with that I do not like shopping in a supermarket when it's busy I've come to the conclusion and that waters that waters now turned into hot water all right guys little grocery haul in the books and we're now going to head home and actually eat something so I'm starving man all right guys post workout meal time we've got a few things going on but I'll bring you over to the kitchen and show you exactly what we've got alright so the toast toast is up it's fucking hot we'll just put that over there so every single post workout I want you know a couple of sources of carbohydrates couple of sources of protein or maybe just one but today is no different so for the protein guys we've got half a chicken so this is the chicken that I bought I've basically taken off one breast and one leg all the meat is there less probably half of the skin because you know the skin is pretty shit as well as that's that's the protein and yes that may be about 500 grams worth of meat which is probably over you know a hundred grams worth of protein but you'll never see me say anything about you can only absorb 30 35 grams of protein per per meal or per hour or whatever because I believe you should really look at things in the big picture you know at least probably every 24 hours if not 48 hours as far as counting your macros go I don't think meal timing has that much of an effect but with that said we've probably got at least 500 grams of chicken breast and thigh meat two pieces of raisin what is it wholemeal raisin toast which is pretty decent we got two bananas and we've got an oaty slice which is a little bit of sugar in there on the toast I'll probably put some honey and maybe some peanut butter and following this guys I'll probably do it all again so I'll see you then before I went to the gym guys I had my usual shake which is well which was also my breakfast it's about two o'clock in the afternoon now I had a banana two scoops protein powder half a cup of egg whites and a hundred grams oats and some blueberries and some almond milk which is always absolutely delicious exactly what I need I keep saying guys it's a perfect way to start the day as well as my creatine so creatine I feel like it's definitely given me some fullness I feel a little bit bigger I feel like I'm you know a little bit stronger than I was last week especially seeing that I didn't train fuck all and you know I was dehydrated every day in Bali and you know it was extremely hard to feel 100% at any time of the day and to make gains and to feel good and feel strong and hydrated it was pretty much impossible so anyways I'm gonna get onto this feed I'm fucking starving I hope you guys enjoyed the workout footage chest and shoulders definitely something I want to bring up I keep saying that about everything don't know but really I do want to bring them up and if I could if I could maybe you know build some traps to maybe you know they're kind of they're quite shredded they're quite lean but they're definitely not big I don't have that you know they're um genetically they're sort of like that rather than out and down you know what I mean because genetics play a huge part in all this shit but anyways I'm fucking hungry see you guys later on peace


Mae'r fideo gyda'r un ffwrdd. Un ffwrdd y awr yn eitio yn cael ei gweithio i'r gweithio o'r awr, ysgol, ac ymgyrch yn y gweithio. Fydd y ffwrdd y awr yn ddod yn cael ei gweithio. Mae'r afbwyth. Wel, mae'n teimlo i'r tyfu yma ym Nesaf. Marcel Brans yn yn gweithio i'r ffwrdd ym Mhwng i'r ffwrdd ym Llywodraeth i Llywodraeth. Dyna'n gweldion dal yn ysgrifennu, fel mae'n gweithio'n Gwyl Marku. Mae'n gweithio'n gweithio hefyd yn Yverton a'r ydydd yr Yverton er gyd yn fideud. Mae'r targynnau transfiir. Mae'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio sydd yma. ond rwy'n sefydlu ddim twfynol allyddol 38 o'r llywb o'r blaenau, ac yn ddwy'n fanywch. Ond y ddweud y llai'r llyfr yn y cwpwynt ymlaen, ac amdano'n ddechrau ar gyffredinol. Ond rwy'n ddim yn ddweud ond, ond dweud ddim yn ddau'r ddatblygu am ei ddych chi'n ddigidio, ond mae'n ddigidio ddim yn rhaid gweldio mwy o ddweud o'r ddiadwch, o ffordd boll. I spoke about his relationship with Silver said they had officers' opposities to that affinch pharmen that they speak everyday. He also said that they have to both agree on transfers with players if he doesn't like one of the players in Marco does it doesn't happen and vice face. If he likes someone in Marco doesn't think he'll work within the event team then that player is overlooked as well. He said but they've been quite close together with the players they've identified so far and then went on to say that the players identified the players already what they saw their target are you said we know the players are we working on those now as of now so that's really it's really good to hear that the structure is working well. I think they also said that when the transfer window closed in September yma, mae'n angen i'w gwirionedd yma, yma, yma ychydig i'w targetau, ychydig i gael y gweithgol, mae'n gyhoedd eich gweithio'n gweithio, neu'n gweithio'r informaethau ar y cyfrwyng yma, a'r gweithio'n gweithio a'r gweithio'n gweithgol, yma, neu'n gweithio'n gweithio. Mae'n gweithio'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio'n gweithio ar gyfer ysgrifiannol, a'r gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio ar gyfer y market, ond iawn gweithio'r gweithio mor bod hefyd yn awdd. Ond yna'r gweithio'n gweithio, ond mae'n gweithio'n gweithio'n awdd. Fy oed yn fan hynny'n gweithio y gwasanaeth y plesau, ond mae'n gobeithio'n i, mae roeddwn ni've allan ar hynny i'w gwneud arwain.場e gam, Abertyn yn ôl, yr unrhyw gyda'r cyhoeddaeth yma, ond mae'n gweithio y profiol ffwllfa a rhaid o'r gweithio 116 he said there'll be no more big fees and big money and play for older players. So on the back of that there's a story that's going on around that haven't been interested in Fryberg attacking with friends of the field player Vincenzo Grifo. He has 4 goals and 7 assists in the Bundesliga this season. He has attracted interest from Premier League clubs. He's 25 years of age so he's just about fitting to Marcel Branders age profiling of a o'r playa. Y target, i fi'n rhaid i'r swrth ydym, am gwaith y will range. I did also say that he was at the South American Championships in Chile in January, the under 20s Championship. So, by interesting to see if Evan can get any of those plays, obviously with Charles and came over from Brazil, 820 mark of silver goch hyn, but Marcel Brand has had a lot of success with taking South American players over to Holland of course, obviously the work payment regs are different over there, but you know success like Evan Lozano who again was linked with Evan this week, he's one of the success stories. So, there you go. Do you open pick for the set for talks with Marco Silver according to a lot of journalists today? That is obvious really given what went on. Listen, I've seen people saying Jordan's a troublemaker and he's this or that. Is he really? He was a bit of a silly boy shall we say up at Newcastle the other week. And he got what he desired for getting involved with the Newcastle fans the other week because he lost the game because his concentration wasn't there. This is a separate incident. It's the first one I'm aware of outside the football. I'm hoping it'll be the last one. Don't know the circumstances behind it. That we know, you know, apparently someone insulted his fiance and different things. So, it's something the club will sort out. I'm quite sure that, you know, we'll be fine of each wages over Evan. Just move on from it because it is what it is. You just need to not do it again. It's only becomes a problem if he repeats this mistake. He's made a mistake. You know, we need to move past that. Marco Silver has been speaking about Dominic Calvert-Lewin saying he's a player we have a strong belief in. He said he's improved a lot. There's still a lot more that he can improve on. He said we're giving him advice and, you know, giving him certain things we need him to work on to improve. But he's one of the players that the Evan coach and staff and Marcel Brantelli believe in. And I think Dominic's improved probably more than any other player over the last six months.  He still needs to be a better finisher. There's things he still needs to do with decision-making. He's always great, but he's a young player and developing quite nicely. You know, and I should have mentioned that he will be, you know, alongside the new centre forward in the summer and they'll be vying to lead the line for Evan. So, you know, clearly Marco Silver happy with that. And finally, Luca Dean, it looks like he's become a father. Can't quite work it out. Evan have tweeted a congratulations to him. So there you go. So congratulations, Luca, if you're all ready a father. I mean, Evan have tweeted a picture with a baby kit with Dean on the back. So I'm assuming his wife has had a baby. If she hasn't, then she's about to. Then good luck with that. If she has, congratulations. He's probably not really watching this anyway because he'll be very busy. So there you go. If you haven't subbed, please do so around. It takes a sec if you want more videos. Get over and join us on Patreon. See you later.


Hi, my name is Christy and I'm the Assistant Superintendent here at the City of Columbia Parks and Recreation Department. We have several events coming up for the month of April. On April the 1st, we have two events which are Easter egg hunts at Woodland Park and Greenview Park, and we also have a community fun day scheduled at Martin Luther King Park from 9 to 4 p.m. Also at Martin Luther King Park on April the 5th, we will have an Easter egg hunt from 6 to 8 p.m. At Pinehurst Park on April the 8th, we will have a community Easter celebration event from 12 to 5 p.m. and at Lorrick Park as well from 12 to 3 p.m. Also in the month of April, we have some additional exciting events. At Catherine Balefield Center, we are hosting a teen retreat for ages 12 to 17, April 10th through the 14th from 9 to 3 p.m. daily, and also at the Catherine Balefield Center, we'll be hosting an Autism Awareness Fair April the 16th from 1 to 4 p.m. We're excited and looking forward to you all attending these events throughout the city. For more information visit www.columbiasd.gov


Okay. Second type of hydride right now, that is second type of hydride, metallic hydride, which we also call it as non stoichiometric, metallic non stoichiometric, or we also call it as interstitial hydrides. Write down these type of hydrides. These are just informations. Okay. This type of hydrides are formed by are found by adsorption of hydrogen adsorption of hydrogen on the metal lattice. This is adsorption, not absorption. Okay, remember that on metal lattice. It is, which is mostly formed by transition element transition element last point and the properties of these hydrides properties of these hydrides are similar to similar to that of parent metal. See here, these hydrides are hydrides are non stoichiometric. For example, you see, it forms YH2 type, YH3 type, LAH2.87, VS0.56, etc. VH2 also it forms. Okay, non stoichiometric hydrides. Density of these hydrides, density of these hydrides is lesser than lesser than from the parent metal. One very important property we have here. Write down this question they asked many times in the exam. If you see from group in group six, seven, eight, and nine, these four groups of transition element, only one element we have which forms this type of hydrides that is chromium. From group this only chromium forms this type of hydrides, this type of hydrides, and hence from group six to group nine, this we call it as hydride gap. See, in this hydride what happens the hydrogen. It includes into the crystal lattice. So it's volume expands. When hydrogen includes in the previous one it does not affect the, you know, the crystal structure. But here the volume the crystal expands volume increases. So when hydrogen goes into the interstices of the metals, right. So it's volume increases because the lattice expands, and hence overall density decreases. That's the reason. Yeah. Last one you write down third type. That is molecular hydrides, molecular hydrides and covalent hydrides are the same thing, molecular or covert. As I said, it is formed by the P block elements, right, along with that barely man magnesium also forms, okay, formed by my P block elements, and along with P block, we have example of bH2 and mg H2 covalent hydrides forms. Covalent hydrides are covalent in nature because the electronegativity, negativity difference is not that great. Right. In some molecule like HF we have great electronegativity difference, but they have a small size so more polarization leads to covalent activity. Right. Like I said further, this hydrides are classified into three categories. First one is electron deficient. Electron deficient hydrides are those hydrides in which the number of, you know, electrons is less than eight. For example, first of all you see it is formed by the elements of group 13. The three block first is elements of group 13. So the hydrides that we have bH3, AlH3, etc. So if you look at the electrons for boron in this compound, bH3, the electron we have for boron is six electron, less than eight, so it is electron deficient. It contains one vacant orbital here. If you look at the bonding vacant orbital, and hence it has tendency to accept electron. Right. It can accept electron pair. So it has tendency to accept electron pair. Hence it behaves as Lewis acid. Let's write down the second type in this we have b, that is electron precise hydrides, electron precise. Electron precise means which has exactly eight electrons. For example, you see it is formed by, which group could you tell me, by the elements of group. Any idea? Group 14, not two, group 14. So alkali metals, alkaline and metal, so group 14. Okay. So example of this, if you see we have CH4, SIH4, etc. All these molecules you see, carbon has exactly eight electrons, one, two, three and four, right, eight electrons. It is electron precise hydrides. What is the hybridization? What is the geometry? Geometry, shape, same because there's no lone pair, correct? Similarly, the third type we have, that is electron rich. Electron rich hydrides are those which contains lone pair, which has tendency to donate electron pair. So we must have lone pair for this. It is formed by the elements of group 15 to 17. Group 15 also forms, group 16 also forms and group 17 also forms. Group 15, the example you see NH3 has one lone pair. Group 16 has H2O, has two lone pair and group 17 we have HF3 lone pair. So all these hydrides contains lone pairs and calls electron rich hydrides. Since electron pair is present here, lone pair, it has tendency to donate lone pair and hence it behaves as Lewis base. So next the hydrides we have done. Next we will see the another type of compounds we have, that is hydrogen peroxide. What is the formula of hydrogen peroxide? H2O2, okay? First of all, we will see the preparation of it. How do we prepare hydrogen peroxide? This one, two methods we have not much. Preparation, right down from barium peroxide, from barium peroxide, right down hydrated barium peroxide, hydrated barium peroxide. The formula is BAO2.8H2O. Hydrated barium peroxide reacts with dilute H2SO4 to form hydrogen peroxide, okay? So the reaction is BAO2.8H2O. These reactions basically you have to methods, it's not important, but there's no logic into this, you have to memorize this, okay? However, they won't ask these questions. H2SO4 dilute gives BAO4 plus H2O2 plus 8H2. This is the reaction we get. One note you write down, anhydrous, copy down this first, write down anhydrous barium peroxide, anhydrous barium peroxide forms a protective layer of barium sulphate, forms a protective layer of barium sulphate. Anhydrous barium peroxide forms a protective layer of barium sulphate on reaction with H2SO4 and does not allow the reaction to proceed. Okay, so if you use anhydrous barium peroxide on reaction with H2SO4, it will create a layer of barium sulphate on its surface, which prevents the further reaction and hence H2O2 does not form. That's why we do not use anhydrous form but we use hydrated form of barium peroxide. So I'm repeating itself. Anhydrous barium peroxide forms a protective layer of barium sulphate on reaction with H2SO4 and prevents the further reaction. The second method of preparation we have, that is electrolytic process, electrolytic process, write down in this method, in this method electrolysis of 50% H2SO4 sulphuric acid is carried out at low temperature using platinum electrode. So, you have 2H2SO4, which ionizes and forms 2H2SO4 minus and this further oxidize, I'll write down it separately, this further oxidize 2HSO4 minus oxidize into H2S2O8 and the electron comes out, this reaction takes place at anode. In the next step, hydrolysis of H2S2O8. H2S2O8 goes under hydrolysis in the next step and forms H2SO4 and hydrogen peroxide. Yeah, done. Okay, so these are the preparation method, two preparation method of hydrogen peroxide. But questions they do not ask on the preparation method, only one point is important that why we use anhydrous, sorry why we use hydrated barium peroxide to prepare hydrogen peroxide. H2S2O8 is peroxy sulphuric acid, H2S2O8, if you want to see the structure, 6, the structure is this, S double bond O we have and we have double bond O, OH, O, peroxy disulfuric acid, it has a peroxy linkage here. Okay, could you tell me the oxidation state of sulphur here and here, oxidation state I asked, I think, yes, oxidation state is plus 6 on both sulphur atom. I have discussed these things in redox, it's not minus, it's plus 6. Yeah, no doubt in this. Now, so preparation method like I said only that why barium are hydrated barium peroxide we are using for the preparation that reason you must remember. And one thing that you must keep in mind is the structure of H2O2. H2O2 is we call it as open book structure, it has open book structure. Open book structure is this, we have oxygen, oxygen bond and this hydrogen, this hydrogen is connected like this. So you imagine this is the spine of the book, O, O bond, spine of the book correct, and one side is this open and other side is this open. Like one page is this side, one page is this side. Open book structure, each oxygen atom has two lone pair. Okay, the bond angle here, this bond angle equals to this bond angle, both are 97 degree. This bond length is L1 and the bond length here OO bond length is L2, this bond length here is also L1. So bond length of L2 is greater than L1. This you must remember. The name of the structure plus this relation. Why because we have lone pair, lone pair present here so we'll have lone pair, lone pair repulsion. That's why the bond length here increases. Yes, yes, yes, it is important. The bond length L2, this is not important to memorize, L2 the OO bond length we have it is 1.48 angstrom and the OH bond length L1 is 0.97 angstrom. Right, so because of lone pair, lone pair repulsion OO bond length is more than to that of OH bond length. So if you look at this orbital diagram of H2O2, oxygen has 8 electron. One second, I'll go back. What is the hybridization of oxygen, could you tell me what is the hybridization of oxygen in H2O2, SP3 correct. So one S here you see one S and three P will go under hybridization and it forms for SP3 hybridized orbital like this. In which two orbital has two electron and one orbital has two orbital has one electron. All these are SP3 hybridized orbital correct. And similarly we have this for another oxygen atom also. So if you draw this orbital. See this one orbital is this. Another orbital is this. I'm assuming this two orbital has two electron two lone pair. This one has one electron and this one also has one electron. This I have just represented this way in the orbital form. If you talk about the another oxygen atom, which is this. This also has four SP3 hybridized orbital two electron two electron one electron and one electron. So what is this axis. Inter-nuclear axis forms a sigma bond axial overlapping yes or no axial overlapping. So this is how the oxygen oxygen sigma bond forms and you must remember this in this sigma bond SP3 SP3 orbital overlaps and forms a sigma bond. These two bonds are attached with hydrogen. You see hydrogen is this. This orbital with one electron it comes and overlap with this orbital. This is the one electron of it. This forms again a sigma bond. So this is OH bond O bond OH bond. This is what the bonding we have. So here we have SP3 S overlap SP3 S overlap SP3 SP3 overlap. Yeah. So we have a few properties of hydrogen peroxide right now. First one it is colorless and orderless. It is colorless orderless and bitter in test. It's orderless and tasteless. Sorry, bitter in test not tasteless. No. No mother. Then you ask me how do we know that it is bitter in test. Right. Yes. I knew that. Well, you try to find out the property of these compounds. So we'll do some experiment week. No, we obviously need to only test it. You can do that for testing only, but you don't eat it like it's not edible. Correct. Okay. So colorless orderless bitter in test. Right. And it is known as associated molecule due to hydrogen bonding. It is known as associated molecule due to hydrogen bonding. Like wherever we have hydrogen bonding, the molecule is said to be associated molecule because one molecule is connected with others like in water molecule also NS3 also HF also correct. So this is also associated molecule. All those molecules which can form hydrogen bonding with water are soluble in water. Correct. So this one is also soluble in water. No, no, no, it's not nothing is written now. Okay. Right. It is soluble in water. I'll write down since it forms hydrogen bonding. So it is soluble in water. Even we can also say alcohol because alcohol can also show hydrogen bonding with S2S2 and ether. It is a powerful oxidizing agent. It is a powerful oxidizing agent. So if you look at the reaction here, it is a lead sulfide PBS plus H2O2. It oxidizes lead into sulphate PBSO4 and get itself the reduce. If you see this reaction hydrogen sulfide with H2O2, it converts into H2O plus sulphur. Okay. Next slide down. In this only I'll write down one more point. Due to, yeah, it is also, we'll talk about it one second. It is also reducing agent will talk about it. Just a second. Due to its, due to its oxidizing nature oxidizing nature. It acts as a bleaching action, bleaching agent, sorry, decolorizes. Any color, colored material. It produce the nascent oxygen. And in presence of nascent oxygen, this colored material becomes colorless. So this we call it as the bleaching action. So bleaching action is the conversion of color pigments into colorless thing. Right. That is the bleaching action decolorizes. This property is important. Oxidizing agent bleaching action. That question you will get. Okay, it's a powerful oxidizing agent. We have seen that it shows oxidizing nature. Along with oxidizing nature, it also behaves as reducing agent. Next time you write down reducing agent. It is also a strong reducing agent, strong reducing agent. Because we have silver oxide ag2o reacts with H2O2. It reduces silver into silver metal plus H2O and oxygen evolves. Yeah, once again, I'll go back. Okay. So wherever it shows reducing action, it always releases oxygen gas. Right. When they ask you some questions in a school exam and all. You have to write down the answer all this and you have to support your answer with some examples like any reactions like this. Like, could you tell me what is the oxidation of silver here in this compound oxide. How it is plus four pranav. Yeah, it's plus one correct so minus two, and this is plus one. What is this zero, because we have independent element zero plus one to zero what is this. Oxidation state reduces decreases so it is reducing it is getting reduced. So it's a reducing behavior of it. This reaction is important. Claudine when reacts with H2O2, it converts into HCl and oxygen gas evolves. So in all these reducing behavior, we have oxygen gas comes out. So oxygen is a part of H2O2 only now. So H2O2 will reduce chlorine and oxidize itself. So oxygen will get oxidized. That's what the thing is. Both won't get reduced now. H2O2 oxygen is a part of hydrogen peroxide initially. It oxidizes, sorry, it reduces chlorine and get itself oxidize. Ag2O also silver will get reduced and this minus one converts into minus two and zero. So H2O2 also have the property of showing the disproportionation reaction that was the next point I was about to talk. Okay, it have the tendency to goes under auto oxidation reduction that is disproportionation reaction. So here what is happening that's a different thing. But this one is reducing silver. So it is a reducing agent. Right down next point it is unstable in nature. It is unstable in nature and goes under disproportionation reaction. That is auto oxidation reduction to H2O2 converts into to H2O and O2, zero minus two minus one auto oxidation reduction.  And we have discussed this thing in the docs that if you have peroxide in peroxide the oxidation state of oxygen is minus one if you remember that.  Here it is minus one, here it is minus two and zero. Yeah, so oxygen is minus one I'm talking about oxygen here. So oxygen is getting reduced and oxidized. Correct. In water we won't have it will, you know, decompose into the ionic form. A little bit, not much. We don't have traces of peroxide in water. So acidic nature you see it reacts with alkali solution. It reacts with alkali solution and give corresponding peroxides. Like for example just two example here H2O2 suppose reacts with NaOH it forms corresponding peroxide so Na2O2 and H2O2H2. It reacts with suppose Na2CO3 again it forms Na2O2 plus H2CO3 which decomposes further into H2O and CO2. This is the acidic behavior acidic behavior you can understand it is base this reacts with one compound giving water. So it is base acid acid base reaction clear understood. So we are left with one last thing in this chapter that is the water molecule hardness of water and all we'll discuss we'll discuss this after the break. Correct. So heading you write down water H2O. We'll discuss this after the break. Correct. We'll resume the session at 620. Sorry 630. Take a break now. Yeah I know I'll just put it in the charge. Okay take a break guys.


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