Tekken 8 is the first and only Tekken game I have ever taken seriously, and because of that, I am bad. Now in my last video to alleviate that problem, I tried learning another character, Leo. Since then, I've played the character more, gotten more refined, but I am still bad and need to play more if I'm ever going to get to Blue Rank. So in today's video, we are going to do exactly that. Only now, we're going to utilize even more of Leo's tools to hopefully get some wins. Okay, come on, we're so close to Red Rank and it's a king. I might get bodied here just off of the chances of getting bodied. 14 damage, alright, I'll take that. Oh no, legs, legs, mid? No, no, no mid. Oh, I wanted that so bad. Down two. What am I doing down two from that range for? Down two. That's plus. You gotta block all the way low every time. Okay, get off the ground. Stand up mid. Let's go. Oh, you gotta block. Oh, no, no grabs. Block that. Do I, I'm heat activation. Why not? Do it quick. Make it fast. We don't want to get hit by King. Alright. Oh no, can I at least get a little bit of chip? I'm block, I'm blocking. I'm too afraid of the heat activation raw. Oh no, what did I just tell myself right? No, now it's my turn to heat activation.  Alright, so you did pop up at the mid. Oh, I may be dead. Alright, we broke it, I think, or it just ended. Come on. Let's go. Why do I always go for the slowest stuff? Alright, good. I was just fishing for that. I was fishing for that at that point. King, get out of here. Let's go. Now jump up. What is it, my first day at King School, bro?  No, didn't I just tell you to get your hands off of me? I told you, no grabs, I'm ducking all of them. In fact, I just love ducking on Leo, so I'm going to be out there. That's fine. Oh God, that's not fine. It's often much nicer. I feel like he's just going to heat activation.  Oh, the heat activation. Why did I not think he'd do it at the last second? I was afraid of it the whole time. I should have expected that. 2-2, I need to put this away, though. No. No, no. Come on. Come on. Talk to me. In the clutch. What am I doing? What am I doing? No. Alright, good. If he just wants to whiff grabs, I'll let him whiff grabs all day. Oh, he did it again. He did it again. Oh, if you want to whiff grabs, I will be here all day to duck. I will be here all day. My God. Look at that. It's one way. Oh, wait a minute. What is that one point? Just give me the goddamn rank at that point. He always starts with armor. I think I'm going to wait and then armor to get through his armor. That was wrong. I go low, all the way low, all the way low. Come here. Come here.  Now go mid. Now go mid. Yeah. Alright, I'll take it. I'll take it because why not? Because why not? The why not is I'm up against the wall. I'm going to get that splat. Oh, this is the red ranks. See, I knew I just needed a break last time, but I was down on my luck to it. Okay. Oh, big counter hit too. We just taking our time here. We just taking our time because I'll take my time all day. Please don't have blocked that. Heat attack. Now use your heat activation. Yep. Duck it. No, okay. He wanted to go for the mid. I can respect that. Okay. Alright, I need a miracle. I need a miracle. Hit a button right now. The comeback is over. And did he have to, did he have to choke me out though? Did he have to choke me out? That just didn't seem very nice. Whoa. Nice. I'll take that. I think I'm gonna walk him out. Oh, hands off the merchant. Nice buddy. And I keep crouching. Every time he's going to do that muscle. Alright, that kind of hurt. That's that's a big hurt. Let's go. No more attacks off the ground. Every time my opponent's on the ground, I make that mistake. I get a little too close. This is it. This is my game. He's got armor. Me too. Yeah. What is it? My first day in boating school. Come on. Why am I terrible at the game? Did I get a kick? Thank you. Launcher. Come here. Oh, I thought I could slam on the ground with that. Okay. Let's get the space then. That's a good trade. I'll take that. Come here. Oh, no. I did hit a button. It's true, bro. It's true. Is that what you wanted to hear? Is that what you wanted to hear? Come on. I don't care. I don't care. Go ahead. Smile. I just got to put it away. This is my promo chance. There's everything. No more, Mr. Nice guy, bro. Grapple gun. Nathan Drake. Bitch. Oh, I'm about to hit him with a lost legacy. Welcome to red ranks with a raw rage art. No skill needed. I'll take it, bro. Oh, finally, finally after years, years of pain. Now let's get to Shinryu. All right. It's Alyssa, bro. I'm cooked. Alyssa basically means that I have a higher chance of demoting than getting to Shinryu, but I'm still going to. I like the, I like the outfit actually. I think the custom outfit actually goes hard here. Let me crouch.  I don't know. Go for the, oh, I wanted the low. Oh, I keep crouching. Okay, I get, ah, okay. So you like following up at the low after that or the mid. Yes. Is what I would say if I could have followed it up there. That was still a good crotch though. That was still a good crotch. Let me pop off. Let me pop off. I can't get anything off that. All right.  I'm going to go lower. Double kick launch. Okay. Couple of jabs. Okay. The low, God, that low is crazy.  I can't do my worst. My worst trait in this game is sidestep and then keep walking. I can't, I can't for the life of me ever do that ever. It's, it's, it's actually the hardest input. Oh, come here. Oh, you're just, you're just getting stopped out. You're just getting stopped out. You didn't have it. You just didn't have it. All right. Fastest mid I've ever, I ever did see up against the wall. Roll out. Hey, damn, you think you hit me with enough lag? No, no more, no more of that. I'm just going to duck it now. Give me that. You can't do me like this. Come on.  You're going to end my win streak like this. He's going to crouch. I've got to get off the ground. Are you almost died though? You almost died though.   You were afraid even with the lag. I'm still going to get a win.  I was born in 19 frames. So to me, this is literally like a sunny day, bro. Oh, let's go. Kick him. No, not that one. Hello. What is happening? It's so slow. Oh God, thank God I stood up.  Cool.  I didn't even need to do that, but that looked cool. All right. Well, I think I died. Well, that was fun. Big red rank mirror match for all the points in the world. Let's go. Big first launcher. I'm going to keep it standard. Get him close to that wall. Side step range. Got him. Side step range. Don't got him. Oh, I try to get it back for. Oh, still still going to follow it up though.  What a response. Asked mid man. Fast mid. Whoa. That was not the move I thought it was. All right, I'll take it. Let's get a boy from this corner. Got there first again. Come on, bro.   And the heat activation was crazy. Oh God. Oh God, not my. No. No good day in the sun. I believe I'm cooked. All right. Keep him away. The low got me. All right. Three. All right. We can win two. Oh, we can win two. We can win two. I need the points. I need the points. That's what I need to remember. The first set is data. I agree. I need to use more down to here. More side step. Okay. That was too much range. All right. Full low. He never goes full low there. Take a bit of a key. All right. Running to didn't get him. I do much crouching. Let's go. Come on. I'm playing the dragon off game.  Oh, I thought I got a low there. Oh God. How much image? All right. We got him. We got him. A little heat activation. That was a dangerous situation. Dangerous situation. Oh God. He laid me out. How do I break that? I don't know how to break that. I don't know how to break that. And I just can't get out. And I don't know when to push buttons. I don't know when to push buttons. No. No, a counter hit down to it. I just wasn't there. All right. Again, we just got risky because I don't know when to push buttons. What do I do at what? Oh, could have been great.  Oh, heat activation. Low. All right, we still fine. Wow. What a response. What a response. Hello. Nice. Come on. Okie. I'm starting to think maybe I just got to throw in some crouching jabs here. Crouching jabs to break up his offense. I think that might be the move. Oh, I wanted to grab there so bad. Armor. We have. I think I'm going to need a rage art here. All right, good. We'll take a rage art damage. We'll take some rage art damage. That's going to heal us up a little bit surely. We can win this. Crouching jabs to break up the offense. It's a shame we found the tool so late into the set, but we still have something. Please tell me I'm too far for that. Oh, come on. Rematch added a third rematch. No, dude. Unfortunate just when I found a way to break up the offense. All right. I'm getting dangerously close to a demotion now. So I need to win. I need to find a win somewhere. All right. Can I just let me get the full low? Why not? A little bit of oaky damage. Why not? Oh, yes, dude. I love that counter hit. I need it. I need that counter hit every day. I'm going to go full low again.  You got to get off the ground. Big perfect.  Why do you put his hands behind his back? Oh my God. I was not blocking that either. I think that's the scariest part is knowing that I'm so terrible at defense that was going to hit me. All right. Well, now I'm reacting. Bro, you shouldn't have used it to scare me earlier because now I'm afraid now I'm watching. All right. Heat activation might just have to cheese out a little damage here. Rage art. Are you not the type to rage art? Whoa. Hands off the merchandise, buddy. I thought he would go for a low. I'm not going to lie. A big kick mid. That was not what I was expecting. Wow. Instant. Where's A? I saw my heat startup. Where's my armor? All right. Let's let's relax. Let's relax. That's way too risky. All right. We're plus here. We're plus here. So I oh my God. I got to stop getting hit by that. Wow. The heat activation was nuts. Oh, that's traded, which I actually agree with. Unfortunately, I did not mean to block low. Drop it. Drop it. Drop it. I'm pissed. I'm pissed. All right. Now I got to win to him. I'm pissed. Oh, why don't I do that? I'm just not trying to get the hit by raw heat activation again. Yes. Oh God. Why am I? It's always it's always when I need the wins that I just I can't. I follow. Yep. A little bit of a little bit on top. I follow again. Why not? All right.  I'm so I'm so afraid bro. I'm so afraid. No, I won't be there to see you launch. All right. All right. Raw heat activation, please. Just do raw heat activation. Just get it out the way for me, man. Oh, I tried to get raw heat activation. I know it's coming. There it is. All right. Follow again. Okay. This time you saw coming. Hello. Thank you. Thank you. I'm going to run up and get the damage. You know, I got to run up and get the damage. Oh, huge space thing. God, Leo, you are too nice. The spacing is too nice. And there's that heat activation we always talk about. No way. No way. I can't. Why do I not just punish that? I think he missed. All right. I got a little bit of help back. Oh, probably should have blocked that one. If I just block and launch, I think we're good. Yeah, I can literally launch punish that. This is crazy. This is crazy that I've just been getting hit by that. No. Wow. I got hit with the slow, slow. All right. Now I'm thinking too much though. I can just also rush down. Let's go. Easy. Easy. You can't get hit by that. You can't get hit by that. Add a little damage on top. Let's go. Oh, God, from way too downtown. Get off me. I hit mine at the last time. Oh, yeah, yeah. Yeah, you was so confident in that time or two. You was so confident in that time or two. I got to be there to sneak a little low in there. Now get my rematch. Coffee Queen blocked that. Yeah, you try to get a cheap shot in.  All right. All right. Don't block low. All big down to again. You can't get hit by that. All the rollout always gets me. Okay. All right. Hold on. I'm still alive. I'm still alive. I'm going to go full low here. Low parry. Oh, was that the stance? That was the stance. Every time I get low parried by this character, now I just think like maybe it wasn't. I'll take that. Come here. Now you're not ready. Huh? Now you're not ready. Huh? Stand up. Now you're not ready. That was an actual low parry. Oh, it was. Damn. Fraudulent by me. Double kick. Come here. Up against the wall. Okay. I understand.   All right. Well, now I'm around behind and feeling pretty bad about it. Damn. The sidestep jump punch is crazy. No, no, too many times. Oh, that's it. Damn. Well, that was a quick loss. I'm going. I'm winning this time. All right. Now it's my turn. Hit buttons, bro. Oh God. No, it's not. No, it's not. No, it's not. I don't know what to hit buttons against this character. Please. Let's go. Let's go. Get up. No. No. You didn't. You blocked high. Oh, you blocked low that time. You're actually just blocking. You're actually just blocking. No way. Why am I in the corner, bro? What? Get me out of here. Damn crumple. Damn. I just got to block that. Oh, no, brother. Oh, no. Hey, but if you want to go low, now I'm going to start just sending. I'm sending the whole force against you now. I crouched. Okay. I don't know how much space I have here. Okay. Just enough. No. No space. Okay. Okay. Hold on a little bit of like, but a like. Let's go. Big time doc. Big time doc. Bop, bop. Dude. No. All right. All right. Terrible place. Terrible place. No way. Was that the stance? I didn't do that move all set. That sucked. It also was a little laggy. All right. Match up against the shin Ryu. I really do need this win for more than just me. I did. Oh my God. He covered so much space. That was armored. That was crazy. Big range. All right. Come on. I didn't respect me. I thought I had the down to you there. Or I think I might have hit the launcher. That's a grab. All right. Didn't know that. Didn't know that that was a grab. All right. Come on. Oh my God. The trip was crazy. Hold on. I need to focus up. He's got combos. He's got combos. Just block high. All right. I'm not falling for that. I break up the offense a little bit. What? That was the headbutt, wasn't it? All right. Well, that just I just ran up and missed a grab armor. Okay. No. God, I just go for all the wrong options all the time. Did you just pick me up by my leg?  All right. No more. No more lows. No more lows. We block that one. Let's let's try to make something happen here. I need. Oh, no, that was wrong. It kind of worked out still. No, down to what was that? Well, orbital heel. Nice, but I'm still pissed. It's about to be a demotion match. At this point, though, I kind of need to demo it and rank up again. It's the only it's the only way to get my the max points back, but I'm still not going to demo. It's still just a pride thing. I'm not going to let that happen. No, down to. Oh, I missed the down to all the missing of the down to is crazy. No.   Armor? I didn't have enough help. Oh, even the armor is not the move. Even the armor is not the move. This is bad.  Orbital heel. I crouched orbital heel again because I crouched. I'm looking for the low is hopkick the move hopkick was technically a move. All right, coming around. I'll take it free damage. I'm going to get a win here. All right, big time. Big time. I'll take it. All right, rough. Oh, you went for the low again. Dude, how many lows you got, brother? Damn. All right, demoed it. But hey, now I can. Yeah, whoa, whoa, whoa, don't take that many points. Now don't take that many. Damn. Ever heard of just a little bit off the top? Oh, this. Oh, damn. Just this alone is a promo match. All right, well, now, now I got something to really play for. Oh, armor is Lisa. I think isn't his like a low heat activation too. I'm just terrified. He activation just to be plus. Full low. Thank you.  Down around. I'm down around, but I need this promo. I need this promo. Oh, no. Oh, no. All right, big damage. All right, big damage. Well, this corner is not where I want to be. What do I do?  Imagine getting bullied in the corner that crazy. All right, I'll take it, please. No. No. No, I lost it. Hey, still give me a promo chance? I mean, that was already a pretty egregious promo chance, but I'll take another one.  I don't think I've ever seen a Lee win. I've never seen that win animation. I'm blocking out, blocking out. All right, go low, go low, go low. Take it. Let's go. No. No, please. Lee, stop. All right, I think I'm good. Oh, three strings. I'm plus there. I'll take it. I'm going to go full low again. All right, I was waiting. I was waiting for the punish to be fair. Damn. Just getting stunt and all like that is crazy. No, the sidestep. That was too much damage through the armor on there, brother. I don't even know what that was.   I think we're about where we started tough. Dude, it was. I can't block that. Oh, what? Is that a two grab? Is that a one plus two? I don't know. I don't know the grab. I don't know the grab. Help me. I'm not blocking out. Oh, no. I wish that I wish that check mid. I mean, maybe that'd be broken. Oh, no. I would still have been half health. So I'm feeling okay ish one plus two every time. Every time I just got to do one plus two.  And I soiled it, but that's fine. All right, maybe I should start implementing some armor here just to mix up the attack. Okay, but then you can't buy a low. So truly a lot of layers in this game. All right, that should be game unless I mess it up, but I'm still just going to step on his toes. All right, it's to one. I need to win two more rounds in a row.  I play him out. Dude, I always forget that that is it is not that move. All right, he's done. Oh, my God. Oh, thank you. Okay, come on. Come on. You did finally start clutching up, man. Start clutching up. Go mid, I mean low as many times as you want. I will never block. I just want you to understand that.  Oh, I never seen that one. That was new. I'll give it up. That was a new beat. What? Live it. Thank you. At least we lived it. At least we lived it. Get a little damage on here. It's two, two. So I don't care. We can watch the cutscene. I need that. Oh, the slide is crazy. All right, one more, one more, one more. I mean, well, I mean, hopefully two more, but hopefully two more. Got to keep them waiting. All right, we've seen it. We've seen him do that one before. The tricks are old. The tricks are old.  He tried to hit me with the low grab. I see the layer. He tried to add layer two to it. I actually appreciate that. I appreciate that. I can see his layers. Oh, there's the second layer. There's the second layer. It's a one plus two. Damn. All right, should be game. Let's go. That's a round. Yes, that was huge. We're just doing this to be plus, honestly. Now, can I get another one? Can I get another one to put me on the cusp of that rank up? Well-executed set. We need to see that same level of a prowess here. I don't know why I wanted to hop kick. It was just what was on my mind. It was what was on my heart. Big standard grab. Big, big command grab. OK, I'll take that trade. I tried to go for a hop kick again, man. Oh, living it. Living it. I can't believe we live that. I'll take it. No, stop. Bro, please. I'm not blocking that. I'm not blocking that. Oh, one plus two. I haven't broken one of those all set. I haven't broken one of those all set. One plus two. I always go to one. I always go to one. All right, that's a round. Below again. No, that's how me blocks it. That's fine. You know, I want him to experience blocking that one just so we can get this part. And now we're on the cusp again. Doesn't need to play king when he is one. Damn, promo match against the red rank. I just got to prove it. Damn, and he's using the good Jin outfit, too. Damn. Oh, hello, Jin. I didn't mean to miss. Oh, what are you doing going low? All right, that's fine. Wow, I thought I had the perfect spacing. All right, get off me.  I was going to do that, too. I'm just getting outspaced. Yeah, outspaced, out, outspaced, outplayed. Let's do it better. Come on, hold on. Hold on. Let me try something different. Oh, I don't know why a down two came to mind. Come on. It's only he only up one round, only up one round. Play safe. All right, hold back, hold back, hold on. There we go. Check him a little bit. Check him a little bit. Just a little bit. OK, he went low. Oh, I wanted that, too. I don't know the break on that. OK, now we're down two rounds. So this is panic time, officially. Oh, hello. Try to get a low in. All right, let's just do this. A low? Thank you. Oh, no. Oh, space that. I believe, I believe. I need some believers. Let's go. Oh, no. I'm going for it. Oh, it was going to be sick. Heat drive engage. Let's go. Oh, no. I should have still won that. Damn, I hit rage art because I wanted to be funny. I wanted to get rid of. I wanted to get at the rage, right with the rage art again. Oh, it wasn't funny, though. It wasn't very funny, was it?  Still a promo match. All right, well, we've got a formula here. We've got a winning formula. We know after two jabs, he likes to duck usually, unless he ducks already. How do we, what? What, in the rollback? That was an alternate universe, bro. We saw the universe I was looking for. Why did they make me watch the universe I wanted, bro? Okay, okay, okay, okay. But I need, I'm just, I need to check that. I need to check that. Oh, no. That time, the timer got me. Now I need to do another three in a row. Okay, big damage on the grab. More big damage from a grab. Oh, no. Oh, no. Oh, no. Dude, check. Fuck. We could have just promo that first round if I didn't rage art. Damn, tough. All right. Onto the next one. All right, let's make it a, let's make it a quick rank up. I need a red rank here. Jack eight. Well, this is probably going to suck. Oh, no. Oh, God. Big grab. I'm going to try to make a comeback. All right. Big comeback just by flipping them around a little bit. I'll take that trade, I guess. Hello. Wow, that was bad. Double leg chop. Double leg chop. I'm going to be there. Pretty decent on the points. Pretty decent on the points. I was trying to get a little cheesy there. I was definitely trying to get a little cheesy. I was definitely trying to get a little cheesy there, but we'll lock it up. I was, I held forward for some unknown reason. Holding forward was not the move. All right. Boom. Big armor. Nice. Let's try that again. Heat attack. Just, ah, just to use it too fast of a move. I was trying to cheese. I was trying to get in there. Okay. Let's go. That was huge. No. No, I just wanted to lock it up. Okay. Huge. I was trying to lock up that forward forward too, man. I wanted to, I wanted it so bad. Huge. Possibly the ending. Okay. That's one more win down and that's going to put us probably right on the line. Yeah, we're right on the line. So any one win we'll do to get this rank up back. Will we get it though? That's another question. That's another question chat. Bro's got the lightning fist name and also Lars, but he's, he's on gin right now. So I think we might have an advantage. I think this guy is a Lars player. Oh, that's huge. If I was good at the game. Oh, no.  That did a lot of damage. Cause I just got crouched after one jab. Okay. Maybe not. I tried it again anyway just to make sure. Okay. That is a two, a one plus two break. Maybe I don't know. It's a rough situation to be in. I do not like being down two rounds. I'm not liking the situation. The situation is not looking too good. Let's go. Little cheesy, a little cheesy, but I'll take it. I still believe in the plus two wins here. I still believe. Let's go. Don't crouch. Oh, no. Oh, no. That is not good. Oh, get out of there. Armor. Thank you. Let's go. Hit a button. All right. I'll take that one plus two. God, if Tekken was just like there's one throw and you break it by using this button. Damn. I would just be having some brothers. Let me just break that. Just let it be a reaction, please for the newcomers. Always. What's the break? I need the break. I need the break. I don't know the break. Okay. I don't know the break. It's true. It's true what they say. I don't know the break to that. Literally, if you just do that grab, you will win, but please do not. It's just a one break.  How is it not? How is that not a punish? Is that just too slow in the history of trades? What was that? That was the worst trade I've ever seen. He was very brave to do that again. He crouched again. All right. Another game run down two rounds on a promo chance. Call her to be shocked, dude. Oh, shoot. Oh, no, grab. I knew. I knew. I knew it. I knew it. I knew. So I didn't know he was going to grab, but I knew if I lost to grab, I was going to be pissed. So I just done because I don't know how to break it. No. Oh, no. That's that felt very decided. Oh, no. No, dude, there's just there's no shot. Oh, man. Oh, man. Where is this promo? It's got to be in here somewhere. Not not this one. Emotion match. Oh, hey, that was my move. Oh, low parry. Okay, my bad, my bad, my bad. My bad. I would never do that. I would never do that. Okay. Just cheese it out. Cheese it out. That's all we need. This full low every time. No low block. All right. I understand getting hit by lows. Yeah, that's me. That was that was the story of my life right there on the cusp again on the cusp again. It's double promo match. Double promo match. I got a lot on the line. Oh, that shoe barely clipped me. You got size 13's on. I know that feeling. I know that feeling. I really know that feeling. I got to be honest. I'm just going to go heat drive because I'm in a bad way. I'm going to be plus here, which you know what that means. Oh, you did it. You did it.  Got him. To be honest, I wasn't even sure I was going to go for a low. Got to take those. I want another grab. Got to take those. You got to break it. Save me, maharaga. Save me, timer.    Oh, no, you got to crouch. You got to crouch. Damn, that hurts. Oh, you broke it. I'm proud of you. Bye-bye. We did it. The rise and fall and rise again. Now let's do it all over again.


Live from Las Vegas, Nevada. Extracting the signal from the noise. It's theCUBE, covering IBM Edge 2015, brought to you by IBM. Welcome back to Las Vegas, everybody. This is theCUBE, this is IBM Edge 2015. I'm Dave Vellante with Stu Miniman. John Choego is here, he's the management partner of Choego Partners International. Consultant, extraordinaire, storage guru, and provocative dude. And also the pen and pen and teller of storage. John, great to see you again. It's a pleasure to be here again. So this is your third edge, I think, our third edge. Yep, I actually have been here since the very first one in Orlando. Right, yeah, us too, and I've said frequently, as it relates to IBM's storage business, it's got a shrink to grow. Well, they have the shrink part down. They've done that. The system's business is rationalized. Jettison, the X86, kind of out of the Gerstner playbook. And have we hit bottom? Has IBM hit bottom? Let's wait and see. I'm looking to see, I would say the big announcement that they made other than TAPE, which went to 220 terabytes on an LTO cartridge just about a month ago. Yep. I would say the other big announcement that they've made is sort of the rebranding of a lot of their storage product line into spectrum. So, you know, their software defined storage is actually XIV software off the XIV array, which is now a spectrum product. They have Spectrum Accelerate, which I believe incorporates their flash stuff. They have Spectrum Archive and Spectrum Protect. That's very interesting. And I made a little quip about it in a blog recently. I said, you know, there are a lot of ways to talk about integrated technology. And one way is just list all the products on the same brochure, and it's integrated at the brochure level. I'm hoping that we're integrated beyond the brochure level. And I'm here to find that out. We were at EMC last weekend, and somebody joked the only time the products all come together is on the PO. And so, that was a pretty funny line. That's true, and it's also, it comes together when they're packaging the company for sale. But it's not just EMC, right? I mean, this is sort of a symptom of our entire business. So, okay, so IBM's, from a storage perspective, sort of redoing the portfolio. Jamie Thomas, now in charge. He's a software executive. You're sanguine about the software-defined strategy. Yeah, actually, I've been tracking software-defined for a long time. To me, there are a couple of different ways to look at it. One, obviously, is that it's a back-to-the-future moment, okay? I mean, when I first started in this business 30 years ago, it was a mainframe, and SMS, system-managed storage, was what we were working with. So, we had these dumb, direct-attached devices called DASD, and we had all those chewy goodness of the value-add software was in a software layer that lived on the operating system of the mainframe. Now, we're back to the future. We're going back to that model again. I'd say that the one thing that has me a little concerned is that for all of the, I think, intelligent engineering that's being done to migrate value-add software off the array controller and stick it in a layer of software on the server itself, they're ignoring, in most cases, capacity management, that functionality is staying on the array controller. That's a huge mistake. I mean, if you look at what data core software is doing, they virtualize the capacity. You look at sand volume controller from IBM together with the XIV software, they join those together, they virtualize the storage capacity as well as all the services that go with it. So you talk about back-to-the-future, you use system-managed storage as an example, but part of the drawback of, as I recall, the system-managed storage, you would physically allocate a data set to a class of storage and then if things changed, you'd have to manually reallocate. So there wasn't that sort of intelligence. Is that changing? Actually, I think that we're talking about a slightly different era, though. Maybe that was the 70s. In the 80s, we saw DFHSM and we saw the migration of data based on whatever parameters you associated with that data from date-last access, date-last modified, whatever, and you'd move it from one tier of storage to another. The thing that really has me concerned right now is I look at all the woo around hyper-converged infrastructure. You take a commodity server and commodity storage and you gloom together with some software to find storage and you sell it as an appliance, right? What they're doing is that and maybe Hadoop, they're flattening out the storage infrastructure. There's just one speed of storage, one capacity of storage, and that's for everything. And how do you tier in an environment like that? I mean, I've never thought that tiering was a solution as good as Archive, but we're going to have to get a lot smarter about how we do this. Now, you look at a product, an object storage product, like a Keringo. Keringo has something they call Darkive and Darkive takes the data that's gone to sleep, moves it to a set of spindles and then spins those spindles down. I don't know that, I love that, but it's better than nothing and it's sort of a shelter in place idea, okay? We're going to have to start thinking in those terms for virtually all of our data if we go to a flat infrastructure model. Yeah, so John, actually, if I could respond to the hyper-converge piece, I think it gets boiled down a little bit too much of the appliance and many customers will, especially in the mid-range, buy a couple of nodes and do that, but our vision for that space is really, you're creating a new platform for storage. The services can be layered on top of that. You've got many of them are flash and disk, some are doing some all flash, but it is really allowing you to flexibly add and remove components and services and applications.  I need to migrate to the new thing. It's really kind of, we called it server sand, which was taking that old, early benefits of network storage and just bringing it closer to the compute layer, but scalable, really distributed architecture is what we say it's need, that it happens to come in an appliance format today. It is just what makes sense, but it's things like .NET's storage services for Microsoft and others that are going to make this kind of new generation of storage devices. And don't get me wrong, I don't disagree with that concept at all. I think that anything we can do that will drive cost out of the storage infrastructure and drive efficiency up is a good thing. I think that there's still a debate that needs to be had about what services must still persist at the array controller level. I don't think we've really gotten to the end of that yet. It might be something as simple as a raid or as simple as a ratio coding needs to be done close to the data. That's a question that has yet to be answered. I think it's a good subject for a paper. What I look for right now when I look at hyperconverged is two things. And that is, one, am I flexible in terms of what workload I can support? Right now, most of the hyperconverged products that are out there are isolated behind a specific hypervisor. So you're going to have a proprietary stack of technology behind VMware, a proprietary stack of technology behind Hyper-V, although I was at Microsoft at night last week and a Microsoft guy said, oh no, no, no, we're open. And I said, really, you're open? And they said, yeah, we're open. You can take those VMDK files and migrate them right over into the Hyper-V, a software-defined storage pool, cluster storage spaces. We give you a little utility that converts them from VMDK into VHD. Yeah, absolutely. Absolutely, imparting them into Azure's open. The door's always open for your application to come your way. But an interesting point, you mentioned, Microsoft's been pretty open lately. They're doing a lot with Linux. Azure's pretty open. I mean, we're here at an IBM show. I mean, IBM, I still remember when they put billion dollars down at Linux. Agreed. Microsoft's doing pretty good and open these days. I agree, I agree. And the other thing that I see as an encouraging sign is Nutanix, which used to be sort of an exclusive VMware play. I don't know if they had a falling out with Master Blaster or what, but they've now announced they're going to have their own little hypervisor sitting on top of their storage rig. So instead of migrating all the software-defined storage over to the server side, we migrate the server down to the storage. Well, you've all riled, right? That when we announced, of course, all the guys from Nutanix and other hyper-converged guys would say, hey, that's validation. Behind the scenes, they were like, hey, that's fighting words. Strategically, that is a concern of mine, is can I support all workload? Because we already know we're going to have, if you believe Gartner and IDC, we're going to have 75% of applications virtualized by the end of the year, okay? And another 25% that are high-performance transaction processing stuff that nobody wants to virtualize. So you've got at least two different storage targets now. Two different work sets, two different data sets that are going to have to be protected, hosted, et cetera, et cetera, et cetera, right? And you take the flip side of that, the survey data that was started coming out last year, and we discovered that in 80% of cases, companies that were surveyed, said that they were going to diversify their hypervisors. So now they're going to have more than one hypervisor. Now we're going to have multiple stacks of data that we have to manage, and no common way to do it, that's ridiculous, okay? So what I'm looking for, the SDS guys that will play the hyper-converged solutions that'll play across multiple worker, and then I also want to see on the Y-axis, if you will, hardware flexibility. I don't want to be joined in the hip to proprietary hardware. You look at Evo Rail, which you mentioned, you got a set of hardware selections, you can have it in any color as long as it's black, okay, versus a Starwind or somebody else, any of the third-party guys who are pretty much open, they're trying to embrace the broadest range. Well, they kind of have to be, right? Why not? They don't have a proprietary install base. Well, now hyper-converged works for them because all the server vendors who've been getting their butts kicked is commodity product, are now trying to join in alliances with anybody that'll join with them to create their little appliance for hyper-converged. So you got Huawei making a deal with Datacore, and you got X-Bite Technologies now doing a deal with Starwind. Everybody, his kid sister, lining up to get in the process for being certified for HP and for Cisco, UCS, and for Lenovo. So everybody wants to be relevant. This may provide the glue that will allow them all to come back in again. If I can come back, you brought up a really interesting point that seems to be overlooked by most, is that most hyper-converged solutions are tied to that virtualized workload. And there are plenty of workloads, not just certain legacy workloads, but some things like Hadoop that were not virtualizing today, and therefore I need bare metal. When IBM bought SoftLayer, that was one of the things that was a little bit compelling, is, you know, it's physical. I can do virtualization if I want. I can do something else, and that does tend to get glossed over a bit. I get it. And frankly, that's where all my research and my attention is going these days, because it seems to be the only area of momentum in storage right now. I know Flash is still out there, but Flash has suddenly gotten sane.  Eric isn't pushing Flash as the solution to everything, you know? Well, go ahead. No, I would say early on there was a lot of oversell. Flash was being posited as the reincarnation of the savior or something, which is totally false. If I'm going to do, for example, a write buffer, I'm not going to use Flash for that. I'm going to use DRAM for that, because it writes faster than Flash does. And we just have to simply acknowledge that. Also, I would mention just tying it back to the hyperconverged and software-defined, Flash is terribly misused by both VMware and by Microsoft currently. They're not optimized to use Flash, probably. In the case of Microsoft, when they do their deduplication process, they write it to Flash, and then they're doing all the small block affixes to the dataset, and they're hammering the Flash over and over and over again with small block writes.  Let's do it fast. Well, we'll take care of that with wear-leveling. Okay, but so Flash, let's talk about the economics of Flash, which are starting to get really interesting when you not only deduplication and compression, which everybody talks about, but the data sharing aspects of it. In other words, the number of copies that you don't have to create physical copies on different storage devices that you can serve out of Flash. A lot of people think that Flash is going to be less expensive than virtually any spinning disk. Already is less expensive at the high end. So back to your point about tiering, why not have just a Flash layer and a bit bucket one-way trip to a tape land? I've suggested that, I think on our last program together.  I think there's room for everybody in all these things. You know, what we do basically, we use in particularly storage technology, we use it as a mechanism to spoof, okay? That's what it's really all about. There are only two ways to speed things up. The real way, parallelization, or the phony way, spoofing, making it look like it got faster. NetApp's been doing it for years. They stick a Pam card or a memory chip in front of the disk in the back because the disk is slow. So you write your data and it says, okay, we got it. Actually just wrote it to a memory buffer before and it's waiting in turn. It really doesn't have it. It's got a bottleneck waiting to happen. Exactly, but what they basically have is a spoof going on, okay? We're doing it in mainframes with channel extension for years.  It's actually an emulation. Writes it across a WAN. There's a device on the other end. It pretends to be the mainframe and it writes to the local devices that are attached. That's spoofing, okay? And there's nothing wrong with spoofing. It's a time-honored engineering tradition. And that's a role that Flash has, I think, been used for optimally in a lot of respects. Flash has really kind of become a spoofing layer. And just as disk was prior to that, in front of tape, we were writing to disk first because tape was a little slower to take the right. Not so much anymore. I mean, I'd say tape is probably faster than everything except Flash, right? Yeah, that's right. It's a time to last bite. Right. You know, it's going to be faster on tape if you put it in the buffer properly. But you talk about back to the future, I think of MVSXA and expanded storage. And the problem was it wasn't persistent. Now with Flash as a memory extension, you actually can get a persistent version of expanded storage, if you will. Do you think that has potential? I do. And frankly, I see Flash being inserted into a lot of roles where it simply provides that buffer, provides the additional space to allow other componentry to catch up. And it basically keeps your infrastructure synchronized with the latest speeds and feeds requirements of the workload. What I really look for, though, in storage, and I think people are, you know, the economy may be showing signs of turning around, but I think people are still very nervous about what stuff costs. And to a certain extent, the Flash numbers look very appealing. They look enticing. But I think the bigger issue is software-defined storage. You know, when I look back at the original dated domain deduplication rig, it was 301 terabyte hard drives, cost 79 bucks a piece on NewAge, and they were selling the rig for $410,000 because it had this wonderful, chewy goodness value-add deduplication software sitting on it, right? It's ridiculous, and that had to change. So if we could take all that chewy goodness stuff that the vendors were using, artificially prop up the price of the model here, extract it out and throw it into a software layer, I think we're doing the Lord's work. And give me an API until I can programmatically, you know, manage. Exactly. Well, I don't want an API. I want REST. You want REST, yeah. Absolutely. I know that's formulated as an API, most of the users, but, you know, unfortunately, it hasn't really been jumped on with the vigor that one would expect, mainly because hardware vendors see no value in improving common management, right? All right, John, we're out of time, but I love having you on as a guest. You can really, you connect the dots in the business. You pay attention to the little guys and where the innovation is actually happening and try to push that, you know, on the larger guys and help customers, you know, see the way through. So, thanks very much for coming on. Thank you very much. I appreciate the opportunity. Keep right there, buddy, we'll be back with our next guest. This is theCUBE, we're live from Edge 2015. We'll be right back. Dub has been called the ESPN of tech, and really our vision is to cover every event that's out there. We really...


I rehearsed this without a handheld, so I'm like, I'll try to be calm. All right, a lot of innovative ideas and all that. Good news, this one contains no innovation whatsoever. So you can relax your brains. All right, so I am Clinton Wolfe. I'm a DevOps consultant. Is this thing flipping or what? There we go. I'm a DevOps consultant. I'm a configuration management specialist. I especially work a lot with Chef and Ansible. And I'm also a tooling wonk. So I love working with things that involve your workflow and improving them, getting to the point where you can really make a lot of good progress. So what is Ansible DK? Ansible DK is a bundle. It's an operating system package that contains a whole bunch of add-ons to Ansible that help make your Ansible workflow better. Now you may be thinking to yourself, why would I possibly need that? Ansible is notoriously simple. You don't need anything complicated for Ansible. But is that really true? Anybody who's actually used Ansible for more than a few weeks or any other configuration management software ends up learning this sort of thing, that you try to use configuration management software. And great, it works the first few times.  But then as soon as you make a change, you have a syntax error, or there's differences between environments.   But they're not included with Ansible. You have to go out and install them on your own. And even worse, half of them are Ruby-based, and half of them are Python-based. They all have different development cadences, and they all have different dependencies. It's a complete nightmare to try to manage this stuff. All right, and even worse, you have to manage it on all of the developer work stations, which look basically like that. When you try to manage all that sort of thing on developer workstations, you end up in a completely unsupportable mess. Everybody's on different versions of things. We needed a solution that was more stable. So enter omnibus. Omnibus is a system that allows you to compile a whole bunch of stuff. And at the end of it, you get an operating system package. Well, that's exactly what I wanted. So we created an omnibus setup that includes a Python runtime and a Ruby runtime, and all of these great testing tools that we wanted. And then at the far end of the process, you get RPMs, devs, and DMGs for Mac. And the best part of it is, it all goes under Opt Ansible DK and is linked to itself. There are no external dependencies, which is wonderful. There's nothing on the operating system at all. Now, anybody here who uses Chef DK is probably thinking, wow, that sounds incredibly familiar. And of course it does. This solves exactly the same problem that Chef DK solves, using exactly the same solution, omnibus. So at this point, I'd just like to give a huge shout out to Chef and the Chef DK team and the omnibus team, and just say, imitation is the sincerest form of flattery for mediocrity for greatness. So enough about what it is, let's talk about the experience. When you actually install or upgrade Ansible DK, it's very straightforward. It's just an operating system package. You just install it normally after you download it. And to upgrade it, it just overwrites everything in Opt Ansible DK. You don't ever have to uninstall it or worry about any dependencies or anything like it. To run it, it's really straightforward.  And it also includes Ansible itself, of course. At this point, when you run things, you're all getting stuff out of the Ansible DK package. It includes a special tool called a generator, which you can customize. This allows you to set it up so that your team, whenever they make a new repo or a new playbook or a new role, it gets created exactly the way that you want it to be created, which is great. That's currently an open pull request. So another piece, I wanted to demo this piece here, which is running it with Test Kitchen. This is an example of using Ansible DK with Test Kitchen to create a temporary node, run Ansible against it, run server spec tests on it, and then destroy it once the test passed. You end up in this virtuous cycle of editing, creating, converging, destroying. It's wonderful. It's exactly where you want to be and you never have to touch a real machine. So you may be thinking, oh, I don't wanna use Test Kitchen. That's fine. You don't have to. We also include molecule. Or you don't have to do testing at all. That's fine. Ansible DK is non-prescriptive. You can do it however you like, use whatever pieces you want or none. You may also be thinking, there's some tool that you wish that is not there. Like for example, we don't have any Docker support and we also don't have any Digital Ocean support. That's fine. We're a very young project. We absolutely welcome any kind of pull requests or issue requests for any of these sorts of things. All right, that's basically it. Please download or contribute at ansibledk.org and happy converging.


From VOA Learning English, this is the technology report. Movies are all about appearances. Movie fans know that the action hero in the film Superman does not really fly. But in the movie Superman Returns, another visual trick is used. The man they see flying is not a real person. He is what is called a virtual actor. The first step in creating a digital actor is to have a real person stand in a room called a light stage. A computer records the shape of the actor's face. Computer scientist Paul Debevic is with the Institute for Creative Technologies at the University of Southern California. He says special lighting and seven different cameras are used to create the digital image. Mr. Debevic is part of a team working to create computerized images of people, objects, and environments that look and act real. The light stage permits actors to be turned into digital versions of themselves. Similar technology could appear soon. Computer experts at the Institute are developing a three-dimension video teleconferencing system. They hope to send a 3D video image of a person to a meeting room. The image would be able to work with the people in the room who would see it without special eyeglasses. Paul Debevic says 3D meetings would make it seem like all of the attendees are in the room together. How far are we from 3D teleconferencing? Paul Debevic says businesses will begin to use 3D video teleconferencing in the next five years. The Institute is using its light stage and interactive 3D technology to record video testimonies of Holocaust survivors for the Shoah Foundation, also at USC. The 3D images could be shown in classrooms and museums. For VOA Learning English, I'm Laurel Bowman.


I'm Peter Sage. I'm here on a century farm that's been in the family since 1883. Over my shoulder here is Table Rock. Ten minutes ago it was covered with clouds. It may happen again, but right now it has just come clear out of the clouds. I'm the current owner and at this point the heir and beneficiary of a century farm here at Table Rock, Oregon. We're at 10381 Table Rock Road. Actually there are two houses here, so one of them is 10381 and one is 10581 Table Rock Road. Well, I'm sitting here right underneath a photocopy of the deed. It was a handwritten deed and practically impossible to read by me, but it's what they did in 1883. Mr. Collins sold to my great-grandfather the property we're standing on here. Steven Nealon was the purchaser of it and he bought it in 1883. And over the course of time he had ten children who survived and he divided up this about 183 acres into ten strips. And so there are ten strips of about 18 acres each. This area has been farmed essentially as one big farm, but for legal reasons and tax reasons and historical reasons it's actually cut up into pieces. So we're standing on a property line right here. It doesn't look like a property line, but in fact strip for one of the ten kids is on my left foot and the strip for the other of the ten kids is on the other foot and so we are right here on a dividing line. But that's what happens when you have a big piece of land, you have ten kids and you divide it up evenly between the ten kids. And it's sort of a weird deal because it goes from Table Rock Road down to the Rogue River, almost due south. So each of these strips are about 4,800 feet long and 165 feet wide. I mean it's sort of a crazy sort of shape, but it was done in order to be fair to all of the ten kids. And some strips are a little wider than others depending on the quality of the farmland. So the little better land is only 165 feet wide. The not quite so good farmland is about 206 feet wide. And through a bunch of complicated inheritances and purchases and things, my family, I own two adjacent strips. So it's about not quite a mile long and 400 feet wide. The house you're looking at there was the house that was bought by David Dudley Sage. Sage Road was named after David Dudley Sage. That was my great grandfather. He had a teenage boy named Wellie. And the Nieland family had a teenage girl named Rose and happily enough they got together. Those were my grandparents. Peter and I are first cousins once removed. And the family grew up here. It's a property that has stayed in the family. And it was divided up, of course, with about ten different strips. And then, for example, my uncle John, who was actually a true farmer, bought some strips. And I think Uncle Amit, who also farmed the land, maybe bought a strip or two. My mother held on to hers. And so it's now owned by myself and my brother and my sister. And we've always just kind of... Table Rock is part of our life history. And I feel really attached to my property. And I know Peter feels the same way about his. And I don't know what else to say. I grew up always figuring that my great uncles and aunts were the sorts of people who had their name in the paper. My uncle Amit, whose real name was Robert Amit Nieland, was a county commissioner here. There was a time of real troubles here in Jackson County under the period known as the Good Government Congress. There was a period a little bit like the Tea Party or a little bit like the militia over in Harney County. It was a time when people were very, very angry with what was happening generally in the country. And during that period of uproar, ballots boxes were stolen. There were people shot in Jackson County. And there was a change in the county commission. My uncle Amit Nieland, the son of the founder of this farm, was appointed county commissioner to fill a vacancy. He lived in that house. And the story is that for a while it was... There were so many armed men running around that my uncle Amit had armed guards protecting the house. Men basically patrolling it to make sure the people driving on Table Rock Road didn't stop and make trouble. They didn't last for very long, but my father and his youth remembers the trouble that people were causing uncle Amit as a county commissioner here. Then the next farm over was my aunt May Richardson. May Richardson was a longtime central point teacher. The school in central point, May Richardson Elementary, was named after her. And May Richardson was one of the ten children, one of the daughters, and she and her husband hosted big family reunions on their front yard. May Richardson is best known by animal lovers for being one of the founders of the Jackson County Humane Society. But she was also a longtime, well-loved school teacher in central point. And the school district decided to name a school, not after a president, but after an elementary school teacher. And that was my aunt May Richardson. My aunt May Richardson had family reunion parties every August. So there would be big potluck dinners. There would be, I don't know, 50, 75 people. Now as a child, it was like, oh, all these grown-ups. But don't worry, there were lots of kids my age too. So all of the first cousins and second cousins got together, played, ate all the dessert we wanted, and played croquet. It was, these were lovely events. I'll tell you about my aunt May to give you a pretty good idea of what a pretty good old gal she was. I was a bit wild in my youth. And the river was quite private, of course, and you had to drive through family land to get down to the river.  And I remember one time at aunt May's house, sitting around talking, and they were talking about somebody that had a problem. And aunt May turned to me and said, oh, Robert, we're so happy that you don't do that knowing good and well that I did. And looked at me and I said, of course, well, thank you, aunt May. And we both kind of smiled at each other. I mean, she was a sharp old gal, really was.  So for the 60 or so years that I can swear to it, it basically has been the same. And it's perfect place for family gathering and croquet in the front yard. One of the things that was sort of special about the family farm is that it has stayed in the family, both the 36 or so acres that I own, but also my cousins own it. And part of why there's a real attachment to this land is that the family sort of worked at keeping the family in touch with each other. It was a big family. Three of the brothers never married. The three bachelor brothers, one of whom was the head of my father as kind of a favorite nephew. And my father was able to buy his strip of land, his one tenth of the big family farm away from him. And Uncle Marion was kind of interesting and quirky to my father because he was a socialist, a communist.  Another of the uncles was a kind of prominent farmer here. John Neelan owned a consolidated other land in the neighborhood and became well-known as a farmer. Another one was the mother of Steve Wilson, the kind of a well-known logger. Old-timers here in Southern Oregon will know the name Steve Wilson. Steve Wilson's logging was one of the kind of bigger independent loggers here in the valley. So then there was my grandfather, who was important to me for goodness sakes, but dad said many things. My grandfather never owned a car, never drove. The little blue house on the edge of my property along Table Rock Road is the house that my grandparents lived in. It was a 468-square-foot kit house. They got from Sears. It had basically an itty-bitty kitchen, a little bitty bathroom, a bedroom. My grandparents, with their five kids, lived in it. They added on to it pretty promptly. There are two little stories about it that are kind of fun. One is that my grandmother was appalled that they planned on putting a toilet in the bathroom. She expected there to be a toilet, of course, and it came with the toilet, but she said toilets don't belong in houses. Toilets belong outside of a house, and so they put a flush toilet in as part of building and putting the house in place, but there was no toilet in the house. It was out and back in the woodshed. A flush toilet, but not in the house. My grandfather, Charles Weldon Sage, who went by Welley, had the house here on the property. It was a kit house. He was furious. It was, I think, a 460-square-foot house bought from Sears, and every single piece that came off of the truck had the name Gage, G-A-G-E, instead of S-A-G-E. He was furious, but on the other hand, the house came as promised, and they put it together. My grandparents got together because my father's father, on the Sage side, purchased the house right visible, just out the window here, and down the road, a couple hundred yards, was the Neelon family, my grandmother's family. She was one of the ten, and the two teenagers got together. They got together, then there was a breakup, and happily they got together, and so it all worked out. They had five children, one of whom was my father, and here I am. Now, an odd little quirky thing happened. A big oak tree, that was sort of scenic, I'm surprised, it was the twin oak. It was an oak tree that was forked in the middle. One fine day, with no breeze at all, it just up and broke in half and fell and crushed the front half of the house. Happily, no one was hurt. It was an expensive little disaster, but since no one was hurt, we'll call it a good piece of news. In looking through the debris, there was a piece of drywall, and the drywall had written on it on the inside, Wellie loves Rose, and a big heart. So, we decided what to do with that, and we decided, you know what, as we rebuilt the living room that had been crushed, we left it right where it was. No need, we saw it, a little love note sent to his wife, and it's been covered up for 65 or 70 years, or 80 years, and briefly uncovered, and we reburied it, a little piece of archeology, and who knows, in 50 years, someone may rediscover it. Now, my father says a story about Crater Lake that was interesting, and says something about what's happened with cars and tires. My father tells a story of how we had a wonderful family trip up to Crater Lake.  It's an hour and a half, two hour drive from Medford now, but at the time, I'd say when Dad was a young teenager in 1932 or so, it was a big deal. What was memorable about the trip, what was memorable was that they made it all the way to Crater Lake and only had three flat tires. That was what was memorable, only three. It's laughable now, since I think I've had perhaps three flat tires in my life and have driven hundreds of thousands of miles, but that was the story of where tires were at the time. Table Rock area sort of had, let's see, at one extreme or one end, the Table Rock store. It's at the junction of Modoc Road and Table Rock Road. It's now the Two-Vell Tavern, and of course, my great aunts and uncles would be appalled by this. The family that owned that store at one point gave in to pressure since they were far and away the closest store to Two-Vell Park, and they agreed to start selling beer about 1963, 65. And when they started to sell beer, my aunt May said, never again I will never shop at a store that sells beer. So I don't know where she went to buy groceries, that they don't sell beer, but it was a big deal. The Table Rock community had one other element, which was the Table Rock School. It's the Table Rock Church, but for a couple of generations it was the Table Rock School. My father attended that school along with other kids here in the 1920s and 30s, but it's been around as a school for probably 40 or 50 years, up until about 1955. The Table Rock School has been converted into a church, but in my childhood it was both a school during the week and then a church on the weekends. Now the Table Rock School District was its own little itty-bitty school district, and so my aunts and uncles served on the school board for it. They would hire exactly one teacher, so there was a one-room schoolhouse. It didn't close until about 1953-54, and so my older sister attended for three years a one-room schoolhouse. But they closed it finally to move it into Central Point, where May Richardson was a longtime first and second grade teacher. But anyway, the Table Rock School was the unifying institution for the area. The kids all went to school there. They would carry their lunches. Every year there would be a picture of the kids standing on the schoolhouse steps. I have a photograph of my father. It's about an 11-year-old surrounded by other kids. Some of them were making faces. I think how frustrated the parents must be to have gotten sent home a picture of their child on the steps of the schoolhouse with a child making a funny face, but that's what they did. In any case, the rambunctious Table Rock kids went to school there. My father and his memoirs talks about the baseball games they played. They played baseball games with neighborhood schools, the Agate area. If you're coming from between Medford and Table Rock, you go through an area that looks pretty bare.  So the Agate neighborhood boys would play baseball. The Table Rock boys would play baseball and they would have pitched battles between the two neighborhoods. Table Rock has always been right here. The Table Rock community is literally in the shadow of Table Rock because twilight comes very, very early here.  But there'd be stories of my aunt Kit taking the little kids out to pick lamb's tongues on the side of Table Rock. My father and his siblings told stories of the adventuresome things they did on Table Rock that the dad told mostly as caution.  I have not looked for it because I get poisoned very, very badly. So my perception of this beautiful mountain that is just immediately in my foreground here is that it is a place where, if I'm not really, really, really careful, I get poison oak. Now truth is it's a lovely walk up to the top of Table Rock and if you stay on the path, you don't get poison oak. But if you do anything adventuresome, if you get off the path, it is a disaster for me. So anyway, the Table Rock stories that dad would tell would be of dangerous things that he and his siblings would do in their youth. Things that would be, I'm sure you'd get arrested now if you were a parent to allow your children to do what they did. But kids back in the 1920s, these farm kids were a lot wilder than kids are today. During the 30s, it was basically a subsistence farm. So there was pastureage, there were horses, there were vegetables for the family. They sold alfalfa hay, they sold vegetable crops. My grandfather had chickens and sold eggs. In the last 50 years, I would say it has mostly been in alfalfa and grain in rotation. It was one little exception that's been important to me. And that's because my father, about 1958, when I was about eight or nine years old, decided that the boys really ought to have a crop of their own. So he helped us put in a cantaloupe crop. And we began selling cantaloupes and through my high school and college years, it was a big part of my ability to put myself through college because I had other jobs, but on evenings and weekends I grew melons. An acre and the year I ran for county commissioner, I had five acres of melons. But mostly it's been about one acre of melons. The melons have been a sort of important thing in the farm for me. It's one of the reasons why I don't feel like an absentee owner. I'm not the city boy who lives in town who owns a farm. I'm the kind of a farm boy who owns a farm who lives in the city. And that's because in my early childhood, my father figured out that my brother and I would get bored with the farm if we didn't have something kind of real and tangible to do out here beyond pulling weeds and things. We had to have something fun. And the fun thing was to grow melons. So we began growing melons, which we then sold at local farm markets. And my brother and I would keep most of the money, and then until later we would keep all of the proceeds minus the hard expenses. And so through my junior high and high school years, I grew cantaloupes. There was more money in cantaloupes than there was in water melons, and we were in it to make money. So we would grow cantaloupes, and I would save the money in a college fund, which my mother aspirationally called the Harvard fund. And it turned out I was accepted and I went to Harvard. But we grew melons and saved the money throughout my youth. And then I will share an odd thing about the finances of melons. Melons in 1965 would sell at local farmers markets, and at the building that is now called Food for Less. It was called Bazaar at the time. And also Thunderbird Market, which has existed essentially in the same place and under the same ownership now for 50 years, I would sell melons there. And during the height of the local season, I would sell them for about 15 cents a pound. Well, the price of melons isn't all that much different now than it was, it's a little higher now, but not a lot higher. So the cost of everything has gone up. Gasoline has gone from 20 cents to currently $2 or so. The college tuition has gone from $2,000 to $50,000 at Ivy League schools, but melon prices have hardly gone up at all. But I still grow melons. Of course, there's no money in it for me to bring them to BBs, which is still in existence, or Blunts Ranch Market, which has long gone out of business, or Thunderbird, which is in business and so on. But I would grow them and then give them as gifts to my clients in my financial advisor practice. And that was fun for me. It gave me an excuse to drop by clients' homes with a gift basket. It was nowhere near as pretty and fancy as Harry and David does it, but it would come in a nice white paper bag and for flash, I would put a little bit of tissue paper in it. But it was a way of having an excuse to be out here at the farm working. People would ask me, how many employees you got helping with those? And I'd say I'm the only, I would do it all myself. That was part of the fun of it, is I would do the ground preparation, the planting, the weeding, the irrigating, the picking. This is the fallow time for the farm. This is the midwinter, and almost nothing is growing. The farm fields are out there waiting for things to dry out, warm up and get planted in the spring. Every year I move the melons around. If you're farming melons, you need to have different ground every year. You don't want to go back to the same ground for six years or so, but out there is where I grow the melons and have been doing so for 50 years. Friends and friends and people I know from Rotary and neighbors and to show them what a good melon tastes like. And this is kind of an odd thing. Everyone knows about wine snobs. In general, maybe even on food snobs, but especially wine. And people make a big fuss over, oh, the special taste of this wine or that wine. And people pay $50, $100, a lot more than $100 for some bottles of wine. And people make a big fuss over it. It's sort of amusing because anybody with $50 can buy a very good bottle of wine. I mean, buying a good bottle of wine isn't all that hard to do. But to get a really, really good melon, that's really hard to do. And if you haven't actually tasted one that was picked fully ripe, then eaten promptly, you have no idea what a melon is like. I'm appalled. You can buy melons today in Medford, right here in midwinter, and you can buy melons 365 days a year. At my Rotary Club, there's a fruit salad with melons in it every single Friday.  That is basically something you buy because it's orange and kind of half-sweet. People have totally lost their understanding of what a good melon tastes like. And so if I sound a little silly here, it's because I've become a kind of missionary for insisting on eating a really, really good melon. And I have no illusions that melon snobs will ever become as prominent as people who make a fuss over wine. I recognize there will always be a wine spectator magazine and I don't expect a melon spectator magazine. But truth is, getting a very, very good melon gives you a very complex suite of tastes that all come together and it's really, really hard to do. But people who get my melons in August and early September of every year are getting what a melon is supposed to taste like. I feel real proud of that. And it's part of what has linked me to the farm.  What's special about the farm? Well, what's really special about it is it's been in the family for 130 years. But what's personal to me about the farm is that I've grown melons here that I take some real pride in. And I can teach people something that turns out to be hard to do. And I'll say if anybody's watching this, if you're eating a melon out of season, then you're eating something that may look like a melon but honestly has no relationship to melon at all. Because of a quirk of personal history, I have a secondary relationship to this piece of farmland and farmland like it. In my young adulthood, I was elected county commissioner here and the big issue facing the county at that time, I was elected in 1980. The big issue was land use planning. The county was under firm orders by the state of Oregon's land use laws to come up with a comprehensive plan that protected farmland. And so I was the county commissioner on the board when the land use plan was adopted. Indeed, I was the chairman of the board of commissioners. The year we adopted the first big ordinance that rezoned land. It was enormously controversial because in general, what the law required us to do was to downzone land in order to protect it. For people that aren't into it, downzoning means you take land that might have been divided into five acre parcels or two acre parcels and say either that you can't divide it at all or that you can only divide it into very, very large hunks of land. The purpose was to make it difficult, maybe impossible, frequently utterly impossible to put dwellings on it or to divide it up so that it would be sold off. We were fully aware and I, because of my relationship with this land, was very aware that telling people they can't divide things creates real problems. What do you do if you have a 40 acre parcel and you have two kids? Well, the easiest thing would be to cut it in half, give your son 20 acres and your daughter 20 acres. I mean, simple, only not simple because if you can't divide that land, you would either give the 40 acres all of it to one of the two children or you would give one child the 40 acres along with the debt to pay off the value of it to the other child and it could be that paying off that debt isn't easy in the least. It may not even be possible. So you would stick families with an impossible situation. Plus, truth is there was some money involved. In Southern Oregon and perhaps everywhere in the world, four or five acre parcels are worth more than one 20 acre parcel and 21 acre parcels are worth more than one 20 acre parcel. So telling a farmer that they can't divide their land up, can't do what the market is telling them to do, sell it to people in pieces, is frustrating their estate plans and costing them an enormous amount of money. Sometimes millions of dollars. If you have a large piece of land near a city, it would be very, very valuable cut up into pieces of land. And yet if that happens, what you have is a county, a community that is essentially ungovernable because you would have small parcels with wells and septic tanks and inevitably there would be septic and sewer problems and water quality problems. Plus you would have people forced to drive long distances and some of the charming things that take place right now in Southern Oregon that green space between Medford and Jacksonville. People who drive between Medford and Jacksonville see it, they experience it. Jacksonville is kept a separate place from Medford because there aren't a series of one acre parcels all along that strip. So from the city's point of view, the community's point of view, not having sprawl is a good thing, but from the individual homeowner's point of view, it can be an estate disaster or an economic disaster, or most likely both. And I was county commissioner at the time that was done. But I was very aware because of my own history here of how much pain we were putting people through sometimes by telling them they couldn't do what they wanted to do, which was to divide their land. On the other hand, the law was the law and I saw the bigger picture and the value of it, but I tried to be sensitive to it. But in general, the goal was to make it difficult, but not impossible, for there to be some safety hatches that would allow people infrequently, but if you met the right criteria to put houses out into farmland. The theory of the state of Oregon, which needed to be adopted by Jackson County, was that good farmland absolutely had to be preserved. And by preserved, it meant, on the one hand, that neighbors couldn't complain if you sprayed, neighbors couldn't complain if you made noise, neighbors couldn't complain if you had dust. In short, you had the right to farm. But on the other hand, you had to preserve it by not cutting it up and putting houses all over it. And so land that was class one, two, or three, and in some cases class four, which basically in shorthand means farmland that's either very, very good or pretty good, needed to be preserved. Land that was not at all good could sometimes be cut up into five and ten and twenty acre parcels. But there was always a lot of disagreement over whether the land was good enough to farm. And truth is, the state of Oregon's rules on this were pretty burdensome here in Jackson County. I say that as someone who supported land use planning and took a lot of heat politically for that point of view. But land that was farmable in a profitable way in the Willamette Valley could not be farmed profitably here. And honestly, this farm is a good case in point. This is not good enough farmland that anyone could make much of a living on it. That is to say farmland out here works because people have jobs in town. Farmland like this works because people inherited it without any debt and they were able to make money elsewhere and basically support the farm. Yes, sometimes the farm makes a little money, but this is not like Iowa or Illinois farmland where people can buy it for the fair market value, grow a crop on it and pay off the loan and basically own the farm. Here people own farmland because it's either has a sentimental value or a scenic value or it's a place where you want your kids to grow up. But there aren't very many farms that are actually good business. Every piece of land is different and every family is different. Sounds like the opening lines of a novel, doesn't it? But every piece of land is different. Every family is different. Every situation is different. What's unique about this one is this is a family farm that has been in the family for 130 years that is likely to be able to stay in the family perhaps one more generation and who knows. This is a barn that's right at 100 years old today. It was built by my grandmother's older brother. Uncle Harry. Uncle Harry was a craftsman, a carpenter and part of what made this farm work as a subsistence farm was that they raised their own fodder for the horses that worked the farm and that barn's been around. Yeah, anyway. Uncle Harry built that barn 100 years ago.


is the fact that he and thousands of other general aviation pilots might represent a significant segment of the national transportation system. And if it's then in their own personal and business lives, and many like John Brennan have good reason for contacting their instructors and upgrading their qualifications. You know, I wondered why you waited so long to go for your instrument rating. Well, you know how it is. You keep putting it off and putting it off until weather delays cause you to miss a couple of important business conferences. Then you decide to do something about it. Well, I think as many pilots as possible should get their instrument rating. I mean, it makes it a lot easier for them to get where they want to go in the air traffic system. Okay, let's see how well we can do with instruments today. In scope of this segment of flying, that's why general aviation today is often the subject of both fact. You know that of all the aircraft in this country, only 2% is operated by the airlines. Only 20% are military, and the other 78% are general aviation. Now that's a lot of airplanes. More than three-fourths of all the aircraft in this country. In fact, all the estimates show that future increases in the number of pilots, planes, and hours flown will be by far the greatest in general aviation. Do you know that right now you fly more than four times as many hours as the air carriers each year? You have more than 20 times as many licensed pilots. That's nearly three-quarters of a million. And here's something else that most people never think of. You fly out of all of the 12,000 airports in this country. The airlines serve only about 800. That means that the only access by air to the other 11,000-plus airports are the planes you fly, general aviation aircraft. You know, there are a lot of people in these communities that think that you just fly around boring holes in the sky. They don't recognize the fact that most general aviation flying is income producing, and that you are actually contributing to the economic well-being of their communities. Can I help you, sir? Yes, I need to get to Ableton right away. What's available? Sir, we have a flight leaving in about 15 minutes. Can I see your ticket? Air Wisconsin Air Community Service is now ready for passenger boarding at Gate 37. Every day, all over the United States, business executives fly to and from important appointments. Some go via commuter service and sleep modern jets. As passengers in less sophisticated planes, many pilot their own aircraft. 70 percent is revenue producing. Recognizes that general aviation is the biggest and fastest growing segment of aviation. That it's capable of making a major contribution to the economies of many cities and towns. That it's an indispensable part of the total air transportation system. General aviation airports tie many communities to the rest of the nation. They attract business organizations that want to locate away from congested city areas, yet remain in touch. They make it possible for people to live and work in rural areas that once could offer only limited job opportunities. They have actually revitalized many communities that otherwise might have suffered from economic stagnation. As a result, many now see the possibility of a reverse flow of people away from overcrowded urban centers. For these reasons, the Federal Aviation Administration of the Department of Transportation is devoting considerable time and money to improvements that make it easier and safer for general aviation pilots to fly through the nation's airspace. Over the years, a comprehensive national airspace system has evolved. It includes electronic navigational aids, airport lighting and landing systems, air traffic control facilities, and all the other modern system elements that safeguard those who fly. They are all available to the general aviation community. It includes special facilities, such as flight service stations, along the general aviation pilot's primary source of weather and routing information. And it includes the FAA's general aviation district offices, where local matters, including pilot examinations, are handled. A major part of the FAA's continuing effort in behalf of general aviation is training of new pilots and upgrading the proficiency of those with more experience. As more and more aircraft are added to the national airspace system, an ever-increasing level of proficiency is a must for everyone who flies. The FAA's effort starts right at the flight schools to assure that the quality of training meets satisfactory standards. The goal is to give each student the most thorough knowledge possible of the mechanics of flight and associated flying environment. The key to achieving this goal is the flight instructor. He's always been important, but he's becoming even more so. The FAA is continually seeking to upgrade the quality of instruction at every level of flight proficiency. For pilot John Brennan, this means thorough training in flight by instruments, without visual reference to the outside horizon. Only when the instructor is convinced his student has mastered one step will he permit him to move on to the next. To be sure flight instructors maintain their own proficiency, the FAA requires them to renew their instructor certificates every two years. They may do this by graduating from a three-day flight instructor refresher course, by exhibiting satisfactory flight instruction performance records, or by demonstrating their current competency to an FAA inspector. The FAA's Accident Prevention Program is another example of the effort being made to increase proficiency and improve safety. More than 80 accident prevention specialists work out of the FAA's General Aviation District Offices, putting on clinics and seminars around the country. This is a picture of a cumulus cloud. And a cumulus cloud normally to the person on the ground looks like a very pleasant situation. To a pilot presents a very dangerous symbol. Now that you understood what we're going to demonstrate, I want you to put this on as we agreed to. I'd like to ask you to all be very quiet, because the noise you make might give away his relative motion. All right, which way are we turning you? Um, counterclockwise. Okay, now put your chin on your chest. Now pretty soon you're going to feel like the chair had stopped. When you feel that way, please say so. No. All right, now suddenly raise your head. I feel like I'm going around in circles. All right, you see you really are. You just thought you had stopped, but in actuality you had not. Another effort the FAA is making involves flight service stations. File an instrument flight plan up to the luth. I want to see if Mr. Brennan here flies the airways well enough to schedule his instrument exam. Very good. Out of the weather en route to the destination. Step in and we'll check it. Okay. Here. Important changes are proposed to modernize facilities and relocate some of them to enable them to be even more helpful. And along with other FAA programs greatly improve flight safety. To the north of the northwest angle. It's moving eastward and the cold front is somewhat dry and should pose no problem. Sure aircraft are safely separated in flight. Flying in these areas requires radios to maintain communications with air traffic controllers on the ground. Navigation gear to help stay on the electronic airways. There's no question that the skills required to fly in congested areas imposes a hardship on some pilots. But most like John Brennan know that upgrading their proficiency helps them get the fullest use of the system. Important that the general aviation community address itself to the requirements of the total transportation system. Then moments known to those who decide how airspace and financial resources will be allocated in the future. Even more important to general aviation today is the relationship between airports and their surrounding communities. Many local citizens think of airports only in terms of noise and congestion. Forgotten are all the important economic contributions they make to their communities. Providing the many jobs required to serve the people who fly. Tracting businesses that want to locate away from congested population centers. Breathing new economic points to local citizens and show them what busy airports can mean to their communities. Leaders must speak up and speak out for the good of aviation and the urgent need for more aggressive community airport planning and by setting forth flight rules and regulations by making certain pilots are adequately trained. John is the first party of check ride. How about setting up a flight plan up to Bargo? And then 9007 Victor. By providing the services of a full air traffic system. It's proposed off Minneapolis at 1500. He's requesting 6000. And helping to meet and beat the problems that thwart air comms. Public myths that undermine general aviation.


Today, we're making some flourless zucchini brownies and they are just full of chocolatey flavor.  They satisfy that chocolate craving and you're gonna love. I'm rockin robin And I'm gonna show you how to make them right after my chef joke Did you hear about the magician that had some chocolate in his shirt? He had some twix up his sleeve But we're gonna start off here with our green friend the zucchini I'm using organic and you want to grate it on the fine great side Now some of you might be thinking Zucchini in a brownie really but trust me. It's like the silent hero of a movie You don't see it coming, but it steals the show. The trick is to grate it finally, you know Okay, so we want to keep it nice and small. We can sneak this past a toddler. They won't even know it's there Because the keenies have a lot of water in them. We're gonna want to squeeze it out Okay So you're gonna want to place your zucchini onto some paper towels or a clean towel and then just smash it Squeeze it just like you would the like button if you're enjoying this video Once you think you've got most of the water squeezed out then go ahead and place your zucchini into a bowl And we'll set it aside. Now we'll move on to our next preparation Next we want to prepare our baking dish I'm using a 9 by 9 dish here and I'm coating it with some olive oil Now the only other oil that I'd consider using would be avocado oil I don't like to use any seed oils in my cooking now in this bowl We're gonna add one egg and some baking soda This cocoa powder is going to add some really nice chocolatey flavor along with some great polyphenols To sweeten up our brownies. I'm using raw honey Now here's a little trick to get that honey out of the measuring cup because to me it always sticks and it's a pain to get It out just rub a light coating of olive oil in the cup and then add the honey and it will pour out like a dream It literally comes right out of the cup and there's nothing left and you get a little bit of olive oil in your brownies That's not a problem Grab your mixer and blend that up till it's nice and smooth Next I'm adding some lorice gutters smooth peanut butter if you want to sub in almond butter you can Next goes a little bit of cinnamon And some vanilla extract Bring that mixer in again and mix that up and you're gonna find that it's quite thick But don't worry. We still have some melted chocolate to add and the zucchini so that will thin it out to the perfect consistency Here's the chocolate. I'm using their chocolate chips Goutard semi-sweet and we're going to melt this in the microwave by placing the chocolate into the microwave at 30 seconds on high temperature and then we'll stir it And then if you need to melt it some more put it back in for maybe 20 seconds and then stir it until you just get it Nice and creamy. We're gonna pour that luscious chocolate right into our brownie mix and then we're gonna combine it with the mixer It actually helps to put this mixture into a bigger deeper bowl Just so you don't get a lot of splatter because it is very thick as you can see here Now it's time to add the zucchini and the brownie mixture together and once we mix this up the zucchini is gonna disappear Now watch the magic Now did you say there's a kidney in this? Where'd it go? Now notice the perfect consistency There's still enough moisture left in the zucchini to help make the mixture just right I like to add a little crunch to this so I'm adding some pecans But you feel free to add walnuts if you want or you can leave them both out toss those pecans in and give Them a good little stir to mix them in Now let's put these bad boys into our prepared baking dish. All right We're gonna preheat our oven to 350 degrees and we're gonna just pour it right in and spread it out So it's nice and even a spatula works great for this. All right These are going in the oven for 35 to 40 minutes or until a toothpick comes out clean It must be time for chef joke number two Why did the M&M go to college? Because he wanted to be a smarty Here's our brownies almost done and now we're gonna take that toothpick and give it the test They came out clean for me. So these are coming out to cool You should let these brownies cool for at least 10 minutes before you cut them Now these brownies are gonna be so good that they'll make you want to write a thank-you letter to your oven These brownies will definitely satisfy your chocolate craving They are chewy moist and delicious and they won't make you feel guilty for indulging and I'm pretty confident Nobody will notice the zucchini. They're just gonna love the flavor till next time Keep baking outside the box and smashing those like buttons on my YouTube channel in your kitchen and in life If you love chocolate, you're gonna want to try my indoor s'mores recipe Click the link right there on the screen and it'll take you right to the recipe I hope you enjoyed our brownie recipe today if you did let me know by smashing the like button and leave me a Comment let me know if you try it what you think about it, okay? We'll see you back here next week for another delicious and healthy recipe


Hi everyone, my name is Eva. Mind Effect is a BCI AI company spun out of the Donders Institute at Red Bound University in the Netherlands. We are developing an application of our technology to create brain-response-based hearing systems. Our test can, within 10 minutes, produce a fully objective diagnostic result for the difficult to test patient populations, such as children, elderly and disabled. Take a look at how the test is performed. For development purposes, 32 water-based channels were used, however we plan on reducing the number of channels down to 8. The cap is placed on the participant who sits in a chair facing a screen. Additionally, headphones are placed over the cap for the auditory stimulation, which includes broad-band frequency chirps at frequencies 500,000, 2000 and 4000 Hz in the volume range between minus 10 dB up to 70. The participant watches a video while the audio is played. This is how that looks like. The pseudo-random stimuli sequence in combination with our patented algorithm allows us to perform a much faster test compared to the traditional ERP studies. The output of our model shows the spatial and temporal response across all tone frequencies and volume levels. Most importantly, the output weights of the model show the per-tone frequency estimated amplitude for each volume level. The first increase in amplitude signifies that the participant can hear the tone volume combination and this is where the EEG-estimated threshold is placed. To validate these thresholds, we also obtained behaviorally measured thresholds using the standard Tewkson-Westleek procedure. Based on these thresholds, an audiogram is created. The first validation study was performed in collaboration with the Hordes Centrum Olnenberg. Pure-tone audiometry and EEG-estimated thresholds were obtained from a mixed group of 25 hearing-impaired and normal hearing subjects. The outliers were defined as those with an absolute difference between the PTA and EEG thresholds bigger than 10 dB. Thank you everyone.


I want to talk today about ignoring advice from other people when it comes to finding happiness. So whether it's a particular psychological technique, an approach that people tell you to try, whether it's a spiritual path people are telling you to adopt. What I want to say here is not which one to do because I'm not going to advocate anything. What I'm going to advocate is how to know what to avoid because that's a help or maybe an attitude that you should avoid. And that is when you're seeking for something, an approach, a technique, or a philosophy, or spirituality, whatever it is, avoid anyone who is certain who has it all figured out. Because what you want to find is your own certainty. If someone has found their truth and they're trying to tell you that this is the way, that's fine. But that's not real for you. So their advice, generally speaking, is coming from a good place. They want to help, right? But what I'm saying is you have to test everything for yourself, no matter what it is, any kind of approach. If it doesn't work for you, it doesn't work for you. If a spiritual course doesn't work for you, it doesn't work for you.  So it's about finding what does work for you. So avoid anyone who is certain or at the very least treat them with some skepticism, some healthy skepticism. Because while they're certain, they've found their path. But it's up to you to test everything, to bring a healthy skepticism into it. And if you notice that they're certain, just because they're certain, does not mean you have to go along with whatever it is that they're saying. You have to find that certainty for yourself. And you're capable of doing that, you know? But there's plenty of people out there who are certain, not just a few people or other people that you happen to come into contact with.  So it's about finding your own truth, your own reality. And I'm not saying there is no objective truth out there. I'm saying is it's your responsibility, it's your purpose to find whatever it is for yourself, not to listen to someone else who's certain. Bear in mind, hope it helps. And that's what this video is designed to do. It's not to confuse you any further. It's to liberate you from feeling like you're stuck and you don't know where to go. It's about figuring things out for yourself. So hope it helps and I'll talk to you soon.