Aloha, and mabuhay. Welcome to another edition of Pinoy Power Hawaii here on Think Tech Hawaii. We will come to your home every Tuesday live at 12 noon. We want to thank you for joining us for another empowerment. Our mission is to enrich, enlighten, educate, entertain, and we hope to empower. I'm your host, Emmy Ortega Anderson, and it is a pleasure for you to join us today. Our guest for another second chances and awakening moment is the Vice President of Senior Banking Director of Central Pacific Bank, and I present to you a fellow UFCH queen, Joy Agni. Welcome to the show. Thank you at the Emmy. Thank you so much. It's an honor to be here and to share my experience as a seven-year breast cancer survivor. Thank you. Before we go into that, I would like to share just a little bit of personal background. I know you came here when you were very young, so tell us about how and when did you immigrate to this land of milk and honey? My mom passed away when I was just 14 months old. I have an older brother, which is 18 months older. Growing up, it was hard for our father. Seven years later, he took the opportunity to marry a citizen, a Filipino citizen. That's how he came to the United States. So when I was 13, that's when my brother was 15, that's when we came to the United States. Just us. I mean, there's me and my brother, nobody else, no relatives. They just flew us out in a plane. So describe what was that experience? There was no relatives. It was just that. Yeah. When we got here, it was a new beginning. Were you afraid, felt like you're out of place? I wanted to go back. Take the plane back too. I wanted to go back because I was sheltered by my grandma. But eventually, a year later, I went to Doe Intermediate, and then I went on to Farrington High School. That's where you see a tita in me. Survival. Yeah. So I graduated 1987, and then thereafter, I was very fortunate to work for, be hired at Central Pacific Bank two years later. And I've been with Central Pacific Bank for, this is my 31 years. And you're only 22, right? That is awesome. That's so wonderful. So when I was in high school, my dad got divorced and then married after. So I do have two other brothers, two other siblings on my stepmom side. But the journey to be where I am today, I don't regret anything. It made me the person that I am today. So you experienced right away the trials and tribulations of life at an early age? Yes. Being that I didn't have no mother figure, I pretty much had to struggle. That's probably why I am what I am today with my kids being so protective of them. You're trying to make up for lost time, right? Yeah. I have three children on my own. My eldest now is now 28, and then 26, and then 18 years old. You've been busy. Yeah. My both of my kids, my kids are in Washington, D.C. My daughter, this is her second year as a dental student. And my son, my 18-year-old, is pretty much following the footsteps on the sister. And then my middle son is now almost done with his journeyman contract. Hopefully. Wow. Sounds like they're on the right track so they can be independent. Yes. Yes. So, you know, with being busy, what not, life is good. I mean life at this moment is good. I mean with being working for Central Pacific Bank, it allowed me to be able to pretty much with the children. It gives you that flexibility. Yes. Yes. That's the reason why I stayed where I'm at because I wanted to make sure that while the children are growing up, I'm there. I'm there to do their homework in the evening. I needed to have that consistent role model to them. My husband on the other side, I've been blessed to be married to a wonderful man. For how long? We've been married for, this would be 30 years. 30 years. 30 years. That's a record. Yes. Considering. High school, sweetheart. Wonderful. So everything was going well, right? And your three children, you have a wonderful supportive husband, your career is well on path, and this is why you've only had that one job, right? Yes. Yes. In November of 2011, I was working at Pearl Highlands as a branch manager. And before going to work that day, I took a shower and I found something, there was something funny. There was a lump in there. So I didn't go to work.  And sure enough, we did mammogram ultrasound and two days later, we had the biopsy and at the office, I was by myself and the doctor called. And sure enough, it was... So they confirmed it. My best friend, Roberta Ribera, had to come and get me and had to take me home because it was a denial. There was no one in the family that had breast cancer. So why me? You know, it took me a while. It took me a while, but 10 days later, because I just want to, I just want to get it done. You know, 10 days later, I was in the operating room and they did a lumpectomy. Lumpectomy, they just removed the tumor, not mastectomy. So I went through a six-week cycle of chemotherapy. So six weeks of that, and then I did seven weeks of radiation after. Take us back again, because I know it was very devastating for you to get the diagnosis and you said denial. First, you didn't accept. Yes. What was going through your mind exactly? For the benefit of those that might be suffering right now? I was depressed. I was depressed. And I have to be honest, it's about a year that took me. Yeah. You asked a lot of why. Why? Yeah, why me? Those were the, every day I asked the question, why? I'm healthy. You're healthy, right? I'm healthy. I do all the right things. But my fate, my family, and my children, those are the three that kept me going. Mm-hmm. My fate and the Lord has really, really impacted on my recovery. So stayed. Yes, on my recovery. So throughout the process, I am blessed with an employer as well, Central Pacific Bank, that allowed me to work at the same time. They allowed me, so while going through chemotherapy. And they understood. Yes. Right?  I don't want, I don't want, I don't want to feel pity for me. At that time too, you know, there was an opening as a branch manager for Waipahu Branch. And I wanted that job so bad, because I always say I will come back to Waipahu Branch. Because to me, Waipahu, you know, I could do my dialect at the same time. Right, right. I could, there's, demographic wise, there's a lot of Pilipinos out there, so I could share what I know with them. So, okay, so being that you're comfortable in our dialect, and we are here to empower others, how did you survive? How did I survive? Um, pretty much being, um, you know, uh, you have to have a lot of, um, they, uh, family, um, don't, don't be afraid to ask for help, because they're there to help you. Um, they don't know what to, to, to, to do. Um, but as long as they're there, uh, yeah, but, um, but for me, the, the, the family support was very important on my recovery. Yeah. How about the children? Uh, how did they recover? Um, my daughter was the one that was affected the most. Um, because she could relate. Yeah. Yeah. So, she couldn't, um, and possibly the fear, joy? Yeah. That, uh, it's in your genes. Yeah. Mom, do I have to go through this? Yeah. So, um, I, I attended the, um, they have a breast cancer survival at the Polymomy. So, um, so that, that sharing my experience and then going back home just trying to explain to my daughter as well. And along with the American Cancer Society, um, there were the one that actually, again, helped me as well.  And then, so, so how long after, uh, it's about a year when you ran for Mrs. Hawaii Pilipina? This was in 2011, right? I was, um, I was six months, I was crowned six months as a Mrs. Hawaii Pilipina. And then November of that year, that's when I found out. So, oh, so you were, you were the crown? Yes. Yes. At the same time. But, uh, I told, I told myself, I am not, I am not going to let the disease rule me. That was my thing. I, I, I refuse. You had a strong conviction. Yes. Yes. Yes. And I need, I need to make an example for my children that mom is strong. I can do this and so you guys can. So, um, also, again, like I said, the American Cancer Society was also a big, big backup for me.  They give you wigs to help you get through. You can get through. Yeah. Okay. Hold that thought for a moment. We're going to take a quick break. We are having a conversation with Joy Agni, a fellow United Filipino Council of Hawaii, Mrs. Hawaii Pilipina for 2011.  We will be right back here on Pinoy Power Hawaii. Hey, Loha, my name is Andrew Lanning. I'm the host of Security Matters Hawaii airing every Wednesday here on Think Tech Hawaii, live from the studios. I'll bring you guests. I'll bring you information about the things in security that matter to keeping you safe, your co-workers safe, your family safe, to keep our community safe. Uh, we want to teach you about those things in our industry that, you know, may be a little outside of your experience. So please join me because security matters. Aloha. Aloha. My name is Mark Shklav. I am the host of Think Tech Hawaii's Law Across the Sea. Law Across the Sea is on Think Tech Hawaii every other Monday at 11 a.m. Please join me where my guests talk about law topics and ideas and music and Hawaii Ana all across the sea from Hawaii and back again. Aloha. Welcome back to Pinoy Power Hawaii. We are having a conversation today. It's our series of empowerment, awakening, and second chances. And our guest for today is a fellow Mrs. Hawaii Filipina for 2011, the beautiful Joy Agni. So thank you for walking us through your emotions, your journey, your strength, your survival, and how, how did you cope with that devastating news? I didn't realize that you were already wearing your crown. You were in the middle of completing your reign as Mrs. Hawaii Filipina when you got that news. And it made it even more trying to be able to, it's just like crying or hurting on the inside. And yet you have to put out your best foot forward because you wear a crown. Everybody looks up to you. Right. So continue and tell us more of your journey. So I was six months as a Mrs. Hawaii Filipina and I, I had to make a choice and either give up my crown. Because you couldn't fulfill your duties as a queen. Right. And then at the same time, going through the cancer, but I did not allow the cancer to rule me. I told myself that you can do this. And with family support, my husband would take me to chemo. And those were the difficult times because you go through six, every three weeks, you would go treatment and sometimes everybody work. Everybody works. So sometimes you don't have no, no one at the house to help you. So I, I can laugh at it now, but my husband would leave me in the morning. So first day I would get my chemo Friday. It's, I'm still okay. It's Sunday that I would, the chemo would kick in. Right. So throughout describe to us what you feel when your whole body just, I know I cannot, I cannot have to describe. Yeah. Hard to describe. I mean, you just, the way I could describe it is how my husband left me that morning. I'm, I'm exactly like that when he comes home two in the afternoon. So you feel worthless? Yes, nothing, nothing. There's nothing that you can do.  Yes. Yeah. So they take us to the home, right? And that really doesn't help to boost your, your ego when they say, right? Right. Right. Yeah. So a lot of thoughts, a lot of thoughts, a lot of thoughts, a lot of thoughts. Whether is it worth it? Yeah. That comes through my mind. That came through my mind. Is it worth it? I would walk, I would walk through the street of Waipahu just and, you know, while walking, you know, tears come flooding. Yeah. Yeah. But it was my children. It was my children that kept me going. And developing a deeper faith in God, belief. I'm crying with you, Joy, because in 2004, I was also diagnosed with a brain tumor. And I too felt like it was a death, death sentence. And I asked those questions. Why me? My kids are too young to not have a mother. And I'm at the peak of my career. What did I do, Lord, to deserve such a life sentence? Yeah.  These are major organs that we cannot do without. So I feel you. Yeah. The only thing that I can say at this point now is I can talk about it because I'm okay now. But during the first year, second year, it was very difficult. It was very difficult to talk about it. But, you know, with people coming in at the branch, and they must have been wondering. Yeah. Right. Yeah. Because I had my, you know, I sometimes I would just put a scarf or go to the branch.  So there's that barrier when the front is okay, but the inside. Yeah. It's difficult. So it did, uh, recovery. Every day. Because I had conversations with God every day. Every day. Because Waipahu branch is by Pacific supermarket. Waipahu, the church St. Joseph, St. Joseph, St. Joseph. So every day going home, there's a small chapel at St. Joseph. So I would park my car on the side of the road and go to the chapel. For your heart out. Yeah. Every day. That's every day. Okay. Ah, the same question I ask is why me, why me, why me? And, uh, did you finally, uh, come into peace? Yeah. Tell us about. I have, I, I, I now, I believe I have a purpose. Uh-huh. This is the awakening moment portion. I believe I have a purpose. Uh-huh. Coming to you, um, I believe that I have a platform now to tell women my experience that is going through the same journey, journey now. And there's hope. There's hope. And there's modern technology nowadays. Uh-huh. So it's really, really important that we find strength from within to want to live because there were days when I didn't want to. You know, it was easier to take the, the way out. Yeah. To give up and just not fight. And at any given time, I felt joy that I could go anytime.   Uh-huh. So whenever you go to that motion. Yes.  Right. Because it takes you back. Yeah. Because in the back of your head, just like, okay, you have that fear that it's coming back. Uh-huh. But when that happens, and I try as much as I can, when that negative mindset comes in, your thought comes in, I just, I just leave the house and walk.  Um, the same thing with what you eat. Just being able to take care of yourself. Right. Yeah. At the same time, but, um, but the, uh, the negative, you just gotta, uh, it's there. Yeah. It's just, uh, finding a way to deal with it. Right. Right. Right. So if you could learn anything or if you could reiterate, uh, the most necessary thing that one would do to cope or to be able to overcome that obstacle, what would that be? I know we've not mentioned that, but, um, so for me, my recovery is exercise. Uh-huh. I, I would exercise, um, your diet, um, your, again, your faith in the Lord, family support, family support. All important ingredients. Don't, don't be afraid to ask for him. How happy are you about being given the, the second chance because so a lot of us are not given that second chance? I am in my life wherein I am at peace. Um, I'm looking forward for my daughter graduating. So those are the, uh, kind of what I look, uh, what I look for now and just be able to enjoy life. Um, I mean, do, uh, do what you like to do. I mean, um, I go hiking. I see you out there. Yeah. I go hiking, just be with friends. I mean, I, I pick and choose now trying to balance my life. I mean, um, there's a lot of organization, but at the same token, you've got to balance family. Right. Work. So it puts you, uh, in a mode of prioritizing. Yes. Yeah. And not having to, uh, do everything. Well, great, great thought. And I thank you for, uh, sharing, um, your transparency, your, your honesty and, uh, uh, your determination. Uh, those are wonderful, uh, power that you have, your resilience that, uh, not given, giving up attitude coupled with, uh, faith in the Lord and, uh, uh, discovering that you do have, uh, you do have a task. You have a purpose in life that you need to, uh, complete and, uh, continue the empowerment. Thank you, Attila. Thank you so much for having me. Same here. We love you for sharing from the heart. We want to thank you once again for joining us here on, uh, Pinoy Power Hawaii for another empowering segment of, uh, second chances and, uh, uh, given, being given an opportunity to, uh, make a difference. Uh, my name is Emmy Ortega Anderson, your host every Tuesday, 12 noon. We come to you and share with you, empowering stories as the one that Joe Ogney had just shared with us. Uh, we aim to enrich, enlighten, educate, entertain, and we hope to empower. We say, Maraming Salamat Poo, Mabuhay.


Kate and Smith, and Marsh is there, might still come from Wreith, down he goes again, still with Marsh, hit by Kate and Smith, and it's behind for a corner, and the Peltie appeals, fall on Dippie's again. That's the Pearson appeal, Kenny is saying plenty of the ball, but no true penetration as yet from Bournemouth, he has tried to challenge that, Reimers asks a lot of him, but he's found a cross, Marsh couldn't turn, challenge for Wreith! Christie trying to set up Kent Welp, couldn't run through the challenge of Connor Stevens, Raymond will take it, Ward sir Evans kept alive by Stevens, turned away by Kilkenny, the crosses an awkward one and Woodman had to deal with it, Christie was affected by Fletch, Christie standing over the ball, hit by Christie and hit Goldwoods and touched away by Ashby Hammond, to life by Phillips, good defending by Evans, Davis, Mendy has headed it away, but only as far as Christie, but then he's atoned for rather weak clearance by putting his body on the line, Kent Welp, Christie and Stacey, that's really good handling by Tay Ashby Hammond, Christie. Billing has made the burst into the box, Killy Billing over the top, the clearest chance of the night for Bournemouth, and Billing couldn't quite control the lob, that's a great run from him, Kane Smith just tries to play the offside, he makes the running behind, Will Evans, just too much there on the lob against his arm, accidentally, taken by Christie, oh it's a really good save, just a good one and he stops. Christie, Stacey, Hammond to the rescue again, beyond Christie, Kent Welp though, dinkedly by Solanke and Ashby Hammond who seemed to be going the wrong way, went the right way, Anthony, Davis, and here's Solanke, but not close enough.


Let me read this one too, Tsucho. Can you talk about the history between Russia and Ukraine? Okay, again. So I'm going to answer this. I'm not going to read the chat in regards to any new questions or anything. I'm just going to stay on focus so I can give you guys a lowdown, really speedy Gonzales lowdown regarding my take on what's going on in Russia and Ukraine and how this has come to be. And Sleepy Waves asks, Tsucho, can you talk about the history between Russia and Ukraine? Now if we're going to talk about history between Russia and Ukraine, it's huge. There is the famine during Stalinist time where many Ukrainians were sacrificed to feed Mother Russia and all that jazz. And I know about it. I don't know the details about it and stuff like this, all the specifics about it. But there's a lot of history there, right? There's also, on the bat front, there's also a lot of brotherhood there, right? So depending on what you decide to focus on, you can say there's major conflict and there should be collaboration going on, right? But what I'm going to do is I'm going to take you to 2008 to really understand what's going on right now in terms of why this war has come to be. In my opinion, this is part two or replay of what happened between Russia and Georgia. And I wrote, I was following the events there pretty closely between what was going on, between Russia and Georgia, okay, where NATO had come out and said, oh yes, we're going to include Georgia into NATO. And they were starting to talk about putting weapons in Georgia and stuff like this, right? And Russia kept on warning them saying, look, stop doing what you're doing because this is a threat to us. And if you do not stop doing what you're doing, then we will have to retaliate, okay? And this was a build-up, just the way it has been a build-up for Ukraine, but the Ukraine build-up has been longer, okay? And this is the piece that I wrote.  It's a legit site, it's webarchive.org. And it's an article that I wrote on my previous blog in 2008, the first part. I'm going to read you a part of this, okay? And I titled this post, World War III expands into Europe and awakens the Russian bear, the next stage in the resource wars, right? Now, we're 13 years later, okay? And this is another stage, okay? This is part two, part three, part four. It's probably part four now because Syria's part of that as well, right? So that title that I wrote was World War III expands into Europe and awakens the Russian bear, the next stage in the resource wars. I'm going to read you the first little intro part, okay? And then what I did was link up additional articles that I've written the year before, months before to put it all together because it's one really calculus that I've been trying to present when I was blogging a lot of economics and politics, okay? So I'm going to read you a part of this and Chernobyl, of course, Chernobyl, of course, there's so much history between Russia and Ukraine, right? And I'm going to link you up to other things as well, right? But let me read you this part. Remembering history. Now, remember this was 13 years ago when I just got into blogging like three years in. My writing could be considered to be dramatic. I linked up a lot of sources. A lot of these sources probably links are dead because censorship online and whatnot, sites go down and whatnot, right? But this is what I wrote. Remembering history. Usually there are disagreements as to the exact dates of the beginnings of conflict, especially when these conflicts are global. Which act lit the spark of the tinderbox? Which straw was the final one? Like peak oil, peak oil itself, the beginnings of war are often visible only in retrospect. And some of this stuff are sentences or a couple of sentences and stuff that I took out of articles that I had linked in their quotation marks, okay? So I sort of tried to put a collage together with my words, putting, you know, acting as the binding glue, right? Continuing with the article. For example, some would argue that World War II began in 1939 with the German invasion of Poland. Others were picked the 1931 Japanese invasion of Manchuria, or maybe even the 1933 Reichstag fire. The only consensus regarding World War II is that it was devastating. What is happening at the present? Now remember this is 2008. True to the old proverb, quote, if we don't learn our history, we're doomed to repeat it and quote, as it was with World War II, so it appears with World War III. Many, including George Bush, believed that 9-11 was the start of World War III. The nominees for this title are Plentiful, Afghanistan, Iraq-1, Iraq-2, Syria, Jerusalem, et cetera. The beginning of World War III could have also been triggered by the establishment of the Shanghai Cooperationer Organization, or the opening of Iran's oil burs, which is hastening the collapse of the US petrodollar. There's also the belief that World War III may be less of an attack on a certain country or a people as it is a war between corporate governments and their citizenry, Ukraine, Canada. However, if you are still undecided as to the exact start of World War III, given the above choices, then how about picking 8 August 2008 when the war between Russia and Georgia began? This date will surely be considered by many historians to be the beginning of World War III, since it means that the current wars in Africa and Asia have now spilled over into the European continent. Second segment on this, this is a three-segment thing, or four-segment thing. Why Russia and Georgia are at war? There are many reasons why Russia and Georgia are at war, but as it was with Afghanistan and Iraq, oil and gas pipelines stand out as the primary ones. The reason for such a war, however, are a moot point. What is important is who benefits from this, who is orchestrating it, and what will be the end result. The first part is easy, the only benefactors of war are corporations. As for the second part, according to the Russian officials, quote, it was the US that orchestrated the current conflict, end quote, while the Georgian minister has personally thanked Israel for what is happening. And the third, the end and the third, the end result of such conflict can only bring about the expansion of World War III and everything that it entails. What else could possibly be the final outcome when two of the most powerful militaries of the world clash, one directly and the other through a client state? It should be becoming clear that the implications of what is happening are unfanthenable. Should I read you the next one? No, and then I'll end it there. Those are the main things that were related to Georgia and Russia. Now, there was a lot more going on here. What I'm going to take you to is another article that I wrote in 2014 regarding Ukraine and Russia. I was following the events for Ukraine and Russia pretty in-depth as well at the time. There was so much going on, so much going on. I did multiple updates to this piece and whatnot, but I'm just going to read you the main piece I wrote as it was unfolding or as it was unfolding, I believe. I entitled this piece because this relates to Armenia as well. This will give you a picture of what has been happening in former occupied states on Eastern Europe, because Armenia is considered to be part of Europe. Eastern Europe in Armenia, Georgia, Ukraine, and has been taking place since the Iron Curtain fell. It's connected with the verbal agreement that the United States and Russia had or at the time USSR had, saying that NATO would not expand one inch eastward to embrace, to encircle Russia. This is a huge game that we're witnessing. This is what I titled this article. What Cold War? This Cold War, death follows McCain to the Ukraine as the Armenian ultimatum to screw over Russia fails again for the EU and the US. Let me read that again. What Cold War? This Cold War, death follows McCain to the Ukraine as the Armenian ultimatum to screw over Russia fails again for the EU and the US. The reason that this title is a mouthful because there's so much going on and they're all connected. This is just one of the connections that you can make between what was being offered to Armenia and what was being offered to Ukraine and how the two decided to go their separate, made different decisions. I'm just going to read a little bit from this. Maybe we'll read the whole thing, let's see where it takes us. I haven't read this for a while. It has become obvious that what's going on in Ukraine is an extension of the Cold War as the US and the EU try and peddle a modified version of the Armenian ultimatum to their people. Sound complicated? It's not really. What's going on in Ukraine is an economic proxy war that has turned sour. The trade deal that the EU has offered to Ukraine is garbage. To find out how bad it is, all we have to do is look at why Armenia ended up telling the EU to shove it when they tried to jam the same deal down their throats. In September 2013, Armenia called off a Armenian-EU association agreement after they found out that the trade deal was not really about easing trade restrictions with the EU, but about screwing over Russia and themselves by extension. I'm going to read a little excerpt from the article that I linked here. Quote, The apparently smooth progress towards a final deal came to shuttering halt in early September when President Sarez Sargasyan met his Russian counterpart Vladimir Putin and announced plans to join another economic bloc, the Moscow-led Customs Union. Membership of the grouping, which currently includes Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan, would require Armenia to adopt the different set of trade tariffs and agreements which EU officials say are not compatible with the association agreement. Despite this, President Sargasyan says Customs Union membership would not conflict with the EU accord, which he argues would be uncoupled from the DCFTA. Armenia is ready, ready even now to sign an association agreement with the EU, Sargasyan said, in a question and answer session after addressing the parliamentary assembly of the Council of Europe on October 2nd. Sadly, our partners in the European Commission have said there is a clear contradiction between the Customs Union and the agreement on a free trade zone. We have suggested that we could sign just the association agreement, which mainly covers political reforms. There has recently been a lot of talk about the civilizational choice facing members of the Eastern Partnership Initiative. We have always stated that we don't believe it's right to view the issue in those terms. My wording continues.  As someone who is aware of the history of its people and the region knows the game at play and those involved, I can honestly tell you that anyone that is arrogant enough to tell Armenians to score over Russians for dangling carrot is one dumb mofo. After all, everyone knows that what the EU offers hasn't really worked out too well for the citizens of some of its periphery members such as those in Greece, Spain, Cyprus, Ireland or Portugal. The main thing we need to know about what's going on in Ukraine is that it's based on our indefinite growth-based economy. The EU and the US needing to grow to maintain their crony capitalistic system because if they don't, the bubble will pop. This is what the Ukraine deal is about, a self-consuming economic model that must devour everything in its path to maintain power. As for John McCain, death, destruction and corruption follow him everywhere. So if we're wise, we won't allow the shill to make any more speeches on other people's soil but instead arrest them for treason in the United States. And then there's a couple of more paragraphs here and stuff. Now, 2008 and 2014. 2008, I wrote the one about Georgia, 2014 about Ukraine. Here's a piece that Scott Ritter has written and it came out February 23rd yesterday. And you can find it on the global research site. And again, I apologize if I'm not reading chat but just got to get this out because we'll cut this out and put it on a segment and link up the article so anyone that wants to know what's going on at least our perspective or my perspective can follow the train of thought. This is an article that Scott Ritter wrote on is available on globalresearch.ca and it's available on multiple other sites. And if you don't know who Scott Ritter is, you don't know politics, you don't know geopolitics, you have no idea what has taken place in the world for the last 25 years. Scott Ritter's writing are essential reading. If you want to understand what has taken place on the geopolitical front in the Middle East and Europe for the last 25 years, at least, at least, at least. He was a weapons inspector that tried to prevent the United States and the coalition of the willing to in invading Iraq. He was the one that said he was in charge of inspecting weapons of mass destruction and said came out and said there are no weapons of mass destruction. This war is going to be devastating. It's for no cause. It's for no reason. There's no way the United States should go in there. And he tried everything he could to stop the war from happening in 2003, the invasion, which is really the catalyst that has really sent the world into a tailspin, right? And he was dismissed from his position and made a pariah. You need to read this article if you want to know what's going on right now at the present on February 24th, 2022. Okay. And the title of this article is why a war may be the only solution Americans can bring to this conflict. What passes for expertise in Russia on Russia in the USA today is corrupted by partisan politics, which distorts fact based analysis. Every American, every Western person should read this article I read it this morning. And here's an analysis from the Doran. And the Doran is doing, does fantastic analysis regarding Ukraine. They hit and miss regarding certain other parts of the world. But regarding Europe, sorry, specifically in Ukraine, Ukraine, very focused on Middle East, they're very good as well. Okay. So Europe and Middle East, they're pretty good. Okay. And this is their analysis of what halfway through this this segment here. Okay. And these are the four pieces that you need to go through mine. You know, I gave you the gist of it.  If you want to read, if you want to spend time reading, read Scott Ritter's article and watch the Doran. You can skip what what I mentioned, my pieces, because I read you most of them. Okay. Aside from that, gang, I'm going back to the chat. Apologies if I needed to get that off my chest, because I know people are going to want to know my take. And this is the best way I can do it. If someone asks me my take, I'll just link them up and say, this is it. Okay.


And Brenda is here, and Rachel is here as well. And Brenda and Rachel, I know that you were at the tail end of the conversation yesterday. If you have extra words that you want to share after me, I would be happy to hear them this afternoon. But we are back live on YouTube. And I'd just like to welcome back Mia Schultz from the Maryland area NAACP. Mia was here yesterday and testified on H320 and also wanted to be able to weigh in on H329, which is what we heard from a number of witnesses yesterday and we ran out of time. So I wanted to make sure that rather than to shoehorn Mia in that we were able to have her come back today. So welcome. And the microphone is yours Mia, if you could just reintroduce yourself and let us know your thoughts on H329 we would appreciate it. Thank you again for this opportunity. My name is again for the record Mia Schultz and I am the president of the Rutland area NAACP. The NAACP is in a hundred and thirteen year old national civil rights organization, and it is the longest running most powerful civil rights organization in the nation for people of color. We work to disrupt inequality and dismantle racism and accelerate change. So thank you again for having me here to speak on H329. I'll start by saying I just so appreciated Bo Yang's testimony yesterday. She in my eyes really successfully outlined the legal and policy pieces with, you know, examples that beautifully gave real life court examples. So in my capacity here, many times I bring to these spaces a conversation about humanity to legislation. And I see this bill again like like I did as I did in 320 as a step towards releasing burdens that are placed on victims. I'll go on record to say also that that and I'm okay with saying this that the system intentionally makes these burdens. And has has so for hundreds of years. This has been demonstrated time and time again with many of the injustices that we can confront as people of color. So in terms of this particular legislation, I'll attempt to address some of the key components that are part of it. Again, board did a really excellent job outlining all of that. And you guys have the definitions and such but I'll just touch on some of the things that were key to me. Broadening the definitions to prove to prove severe and pervasive to be for severe and pervasive pervasive excuse me, protects the perpetrators and and not the victims and many times the people who make the determinations, don't on whether or not something is severe and pervasive don't actually have the particular experience with that particular discrimination, especially in a place like Vermont, where most of the people including judges who determine the summary judgments are able bodied cisgender white men. So, if you ask yourselves how would they know how severe and pervasive. It could be what lens are they are they using for those standards it could be completely subjective than it has been. So, just, you know, it's, I just want to also put out there that victims of discrimination cases to come forth with it. It's an incredibly incredible amount of bravery and courage to do that. And so to basically go through this process of proving your humanity and work to folks who have never ever experienced this, and probably will never experience this, based on their positionality that there's doubt takes takes a lot out of you. And so coming forth to prove basically this language is severe and pervasive as a victim is quite, like I said, humiliating. I also think about when I speak to victims of discrimination cases people who come to me with their stories of racial discriminations in particular. And I, and I give them like the reality that it's a hard long road to take. And I'll talk a little bit more about that as we go. Generally people though who come forward in a general sense with these cases they're not trying to scam the system. They are they're just trying to get justice. They're trying to get closure. And we really need to believe these people who experienced this who are telling their truths. But we can also believe the people the experts, like myself and many many other people who have, who have indeed experienced some of the things that they're, they're going through and and people and organizations like the HRC who are experts and investigating the times of things, instead of leaving that up to people who don't who have never experienced that kind of harassment, and they can confirm that this is indeed discrimination that disrupts your life. Right. So, to speak on the timeframe for the statute of limitations, I just wanted to and some of the other people who spoke before talked about, you know, the need. There's time that it takes to do things to get yourself safe in some of these particular cases right to be able to buy new housing and things like that but there's also this human element. It's great to come forward and have that courage that I spoke of, that I spoke of earth to come forward and tell your story. And we're all different because we're all humans, and some of us are ready to tell it right away. But some of us need to take this time to really process what happened to them to process the whole thing and and having this definitive procedure that you have six years or whatever amount of time I think that you all know that they have six years to do that is what's needed to just come forth. This has been time and time address in in cases of rate, for example, right that there is trauma that is associated with this and sometimes that trauma takes time to be able to go through this process that I have already explained is quite arduous. And then the other part of the legislation that I wanted to kind of speak to is the piece that you have to find this comparable case. I think Carrie, and the last one of her testimony said this is she used the word, this is an ins insurmountable portal, I agree completely. There have been times myself that I have not been able to advocate for people because we don't, we simply don't have the resources to be able to tap into the health care facilities or the police departments or the, or, or the government offices to find these comparable cases. Right. And even if we did find a comparable case or one that appeared to be comparable. Really there is no experience again, like that of a person who has been marginalized. Compared to a white, white cisgender able body person. So you're talking about things that don't even exist but making that a requirement or requirement in order to file. So, so I just wanted to, you know, reiterate what my other, the other people in the room have already said. The other thing is that this is this, this need this burden to prove that there's a comparable case is almost impossible. And it's really kind of gaslighting if you really ask me like, it says it didn't happen, unless it's already happened to somebody who doesn't look like you. Your experience is now invalidated because it didn't happen to the dominant culture. And so it's kind of beating into this narrative that that what we say isn't true. And then I just wanted to finalize my statement here today by going back to that piece where I said the system intentionally creates these barriers. And I just want to be very clear that I the system is big it's broad it's hundreds of years it's not any directed to anybody in particular in this room. And that it's not personal to anybody in this room, but your position and privilege and structural power right here here. You have this opportunity really to to do that what I talked about the end of the season is dismantle the burdens that are placed on the most vulnerable people in our community so I'm urging you to see our humanity. And, and I appreciate your service. Thank you so much. Thank you Mia. Any questions for me at this afternoon. Mia, there's a in this legislation, there's a real differential or it's an addition to some of our discrimination laws of adding Harris or just the words Harris or discriminate. Can you speak to that a little bit from from your experiences when trying to help with people deal with the discrimination laws that we already have. Is this something you're comfortable talking about. I mean I don't know if I really understand the question. Maybe if you could clarify a little bit more like the difference between harassment adding the word Harris. Yeah, to, to the discrimination to some of our discrimination laws, you know, it broadens it just a little bit but in terms of I'm just playing with the not playing with it but just trying to like understand the expansion of what's real experience for people because determining what discrimination is. Is it difficult under any circumstances is this is determining what harassment is in these cases as difficult. You know, I mean that would take this some of the legal people but in my eyes I don't know and I haven't done a whole lot of, you know, investigating on the different ways and terminology it shows up but it seems to be something that's repeated over time. It's something that you experience over and over and over again in a particular situation maybe that's the only thing that I can particularly like comment on that. But both of them, both harassment and discrimination are kind of are are kind of like connected, I would say they are connected. It's just it's it's just an interesting. It's an interesting change and I mean harassment is defined later on in the bill as a form of discrimination it's just and it's just a, it's just a different. I don't think it's a radical difference I just think it's a different facet of of what we're talking about here. Other other questions for me right now. I so appreciate you being able to come back and and sharing your testimony and they said next steps for us will be to actually have a walkthrough of this bill to representative hang with point earlier where we are switching things you know a little bit around on this because we did have a, we did have this last year but I really think we need to have a walkthrough with the attorney to understand the legal points that are being made. Discrimination and definitions I guess. Well and pervasive and all the stuff that we talked about yesterday that was. And in particular how the case how this law, or that phrase became part of law or understandings through a different process as Julio was testifying to. There's a lot to understand in this in this bill before as we move forward with it. So thank you. Brenda and Rachel do either one of you want to add on to your testimony from yesterday or share some further thoughts. Thank you Mr chairman I would like the opportunity to speak Rachel I'll be gracious and let you go first. Well thank you so much Brenda. Yeah, I would love to add a little bit to what I shared yesterday chair Steven says, we've got the time. Absolutely so now welcome back. Thank you. And for the record again. My name is Rachel ceiling and I'm the director of the disability law project at Vermont legally and thinking about what I talked about yesterday. There were a couple things that I felt were worth kind of adding and focusing in on. And I think is connected to some of those questions you were just asking. When we think about severe and pervasive, we're talking about and I think more explain this well yesterday and incredibly high standard, and one that is so high that what it does is it creates a chilling effect. So people who have experienced bad treatment. I think it's worthwhile to make a complaint or to try and remedy the problem, because it has it's it's not every single day and it's not, you know, as bad as what they've heard of other horror stories.  The first thing I wanted to touch on was, I think, Julio Thompson mentioned that this would be a way of untying our state law on fair employment practices from federal law and title seven. And note that it would also be untying, for example, the Vermont public accommodations act from the Americans with disabilities act so it would have a similar effect there in what I think is a good way, because like in the employment context. One of the things is, one court uses the severe and pervasive standard in employment, and then a public accommodations case comes along, that's about that same protected class, and they adopt that severe pervasive standard, not in the employment context but in the public accommodations context. So it finds that it winds its way into other parts of the law. One thing that I wanted to mention is in terms of extending the six to the six year as a kind of standardized statute of limitations. The other thing that I would have suggested the committee to think about is that right now, if a person wants the Human Rights Commission, or the Vermont Attorney General's Office to investigate their complaint before they decide that they want to pursue this in court, they need to get that complaint in within 300 days of the last discriminatory act. That's a lot that's a very short period of time, especially if you then have six years to bring your claim in court. I think folks have talked about you know the need for time to heal and be mentally ready to make a complaint like that. And so the other piece that I would think about in terms of getting to that six year statute of limitations is a longer period of time to make that complaint to one of those two bodies depending on whether it's employment or public accommodations or state employment. And then last you were asking about me about the harassment and, and adding that kind of as an almost as an or, I would really encourage you to think about it as one of many forms of discrimination and I think the proposed language does that We've had a definition of harassment in state law in terms of education for a long time, and that actually shows up in the bill kind of near the end in the title 16 section. One of the things that I think is important when we think about harassment is that it can be just one incident. It could be verbal it could be written it could be visual it could be physical conduct. That's motivated by a person's membership in a protected class, whether that's their disability which is what we deal with in my project, or national origin or race color or marital status or sex or sexual orientation, or gender identity. In the education context, the way that we've defined it is that it either has the purpose or effect of objectively and substantially undermining and attracting from or interfering with the students educational performance. And I know that that language is proposed to be a little bit modified to kind of bring that standard down as well. And I, again, I think that's a good thing because we do see schools deciding at the moment of complaint that it's not going to rise that level and so they don't investigate it. And I think that gives us the wrong incentives that that it should be that we need to look into these incidents when they happen, and support victims through them, rather than saying we, from what you're telling us it can't possibly be enough. And so we're not going to do anything about it. So, so those were the couple of extra points that I that I was glad to have the opportunity to come back and make. And again I'm very happy to answer any questions. Can you talk about this came up in a conversation with someone else today that I had the idea of, I believe the phrase that I believe the phrase that Julio used was on hitching from from state law and federal law can you can you give us an idea you said and you said that this particular bill. It's going to be a positive thing. Yeah. And, you know, I, my, my closest parallel to this is when we discuss when we in the past when we've discussed minimum wage law where our minimum wage is higher than the federal law so so the more generous number is what's considered active. And then yet we have this time and a half thing where Vermont law restricts people from work who work those other jobs. Those exemptions especially from getting time and a half, but federal law says no no no no you can't do that. And so that to me is what the on hitching there but but but does it mean anything different in this in this law. So, what I think it means that's a little different here is that in Vermont, our courts would no longer be relying on, for example cases out of Texas, or California, or Louisiana, in terms of how those judges are interpreting because they those courts are still relying on that higher standard of severe and pervasive. And our judges here in Vermont would be making a new common law in interpreting your statute. At this at this relax relax is a difficult way of putting it at this different standard that is not meant to be such an incredibly high bar. So I think my hands very well, but that incredibly high bar. So I think the way that it's, I think you have a good analogy in terms of the wage, the minimum wage piece which is the federal government set this floor of minimum wage. We went above and beyond that floor right so you, that's a floor and we're going above and beyond. And in the context of these anti discrimination statutes, the courts established this very high bar, and we're saying that actually the floor should be lower down to be able to, you know, get over this bar, it shouldn't be above my head it should be at my neck, right. And so I think that's maybe a little bit different is we're not trying to go above and beyond we're trying to say people shouldn't have to reach such a high standard in order to get justice. All right, no thank you for that clarification it's just, it's some in some that's something that will we investigate as we move forward, as well to understand thank you questions for Rachel. All right, Brenda welcome back. Thank you Chairman Stevens and follow everybody again. I wanted to add just a couple of quick things to what I would outline yesterday. I'm sorry if it was a bit of a history lesson but we're still going to go back there again, and almost 40 years ago, when this was initialized. We did not have computers we did not have handheld devices we did not have access to each other the way that we do now, the, the ways that people can be harassed and and people can be hated as grown exponentially and we have not kept track. One of the things that's important to realize is that this bill was crafted without much input from the federal government, and let alone other governmental entities that had a handle on it. Now we're at a point almost 40 years later, where we have the opportunity to bring this law into the next century. Literally, a foundational piece of this legislation is to, I wouldn't say rose, low, lowering the bar, but making it accessible to the marginalized communities. Every day we have lgbtq kids, we have marginalized communities we have folks who face harassment on all levels, electronically, in person, and through their their peer networks that I can't even begin to imagine. Yet, we have not given the school, the school systems, or our court systems enough tools to be able to look at this and say, yeah, most. Yeah, I consider that awful behavior but it doesn't reach this high mark. We want it to reach the high, we don't want to reach the high mark we want the mark to be different. We want us to be able to look at these differently. Our reporting systems need to be easier to access. We need to ensure that there's safety in the reporting systems, and it really just modernizes what we had started nearly four decades ago and brings us brings us to a new level. And with that said, I just want to make sure that we do this diligence carefully that we look at the overall effects where it crosses into things that we've never imagined and how are we going to imagine them in the future as well. I do appreciate the opportunity to come back and just reiterate some of those things that are important to all of us but most specifically the people who are victims of harassment and bias and hate. It's everywhere. Thank you. Brenda questions. Brenda with your work and the work that you've done in your career with discrimination. What percentage of people. This is a hard I don't know if I'm going to word this right. We heard from Kerry Brown that 80% of women experience sexual harassment at work. And that's, that's a statistic that's fine. But, you know, in your line of work where where, and the folks that you deal with. And you find that they have a have a problem even reporting discrimination for the fear of, I mean, one of one of these bills, the one one part of this bill was the idea that of comparing, like the discrimination that you're suffering or experiencing is going to be the same as someone else's. Do you have people who are not reporting instances simply because the bar is too high is that is that what you're saying. That's a that's a great question. And one of the things that I hear is incidentally, things get back to me with regard to, did you call the police. No, they, they won't listen they didn't respond they didn't come out. That's actually the initial point of contact for a lot of this harassment and discrimination. The reporting agencies the folks that we talked to sometimes just don't want to listen or it doesn't feel it doesn't meet their objectives to what they feel would happen in the court farther up I think the message comes from the top down that there are being listened to the reports are being taken that the hierarchy now is more easy to access and to have these reports done and I look at specifically things that happen in schools. When when kids report to whoever they might a teacher guidance counselor that they've been harassed or that or that somebody threatened them online. We don't hear about those we don't get that and I'm betting it happens every day from a community standpoint I don't know anybody who has not in my community. The transgender community who has not had a bias or a discrimination thing happened to them and very hard to describe specifically because each one is like a fingerprint. Nobody, nobody implements hate the same way, but there's a theme of discrimination and bias that just underlies it all 100% might be too high 50% might be way too low.  And usually it comes to me like, No, I didn't report it. Why not. Nobody wanted to listen. No agency took up the information. And it may be the nature of the beast. Because of the fear of people have of being their authentic selves of being out to the community. I'm by far a bold exception and there aren't a lot of people that want to display themselves in a way that takes into consideration all of the history, but yet it's there. It drives me it makes me motivated to talk. I'm sure Mia has equally the number of stories that she can relate. People who got harassed people who were discriminated against, but it didn't go any further. And whether that's our legal system or bills that keep us pinned to the floor. I don't know. I'm hoping that this will be at least a good step in the right direction and I really do advocate you pass in this. And thank you very much. I hope that answered your question. If you have a hand up you're okay or you have a question. Okay. All right. Now, thank you all. I'm glad you came back to fill in, you know, to fill in some of the gaps and the Gavin opportunity to, to further your testimony. And it's good to see you and I hope you all have a good weekend. And we will be like said, our next step on this bill is to get a full walk through to understand the details that you've all in the previous witnesses have alluded to in their testimony. So, thank you.


Hello everyone, my name is Bogdan Sovaran and I would like to thank you all for joining. This session talks about the implementation of the video for Linux driver for the analog devices ADDI 9036 time of flight processor. We will emphasize the additional features that had to be implemented to expose the time of flight camera's full functionality and the changes that had to be made to get the same driver or platform-specific versions of it working on different computing platforms such as Raspberry Pi, NXP IMX8 and VDAC Xavier AGX or the Dragonboard 410C. On today's agenda, I'll briefly present myself then briefly discuss the principles of time of flight technology and how are them applied on ADDI time of flight development kit. After that, introduce the open source user space SDK and further talk about details that made the ADDI time of flight camera special versus a normal RGB camera. After we saw the differences compared to traditional RGB cameras, we will see some implementation details for driver and SDK and in the end, discuss some of the particularities of each supported platform. So let's begin. I'm an embedded software engineer working for analog devices from the beginning of 2019. I'm a member of Analog Devices System Development Group. This group's goal is to improve the customer journey by offering different creative tools, models, hardware and lots of open source resources. My previous experience was in the automotive field and since I joined ADDI, I worked on IIO drivers for high-speed converters, DRM drivers for one of the ADIs HDMI transmitter and recently on video for Linux driver for time of flight processor. Okay, so what exactly is 3D time of flight? 3D time of flight is an industry term used to describe a type of scannerless radar, light detection and ranging used for depth sensing at ranges typically less than 10 meters from the source. The way it works is that it sends out light in the IR spectrum from one or more laser sources depending on the required range towards the scene of interest. The light reflects off the objects in the scene at different points and returns onto a sensor which for this platform is a charged coupled device or CCD. Time required for the light to be sent out and return is measured and using the known value of the speed of light which is 300 million meters per second, the distance of each particular point in the scene is determined. But making millimeter accurate distance measurements by measuring the light travel time is not practical since it requires very fast sampling rates. For this reason the ADI time of flight technology uses a special technique to measure the energy of the light returning to the sensor in two different time windows of non-duration and the distance is computing as being the ratio of the energy in the first time window to the total energy in both time windows multiplied by the distance the light would travel in the sampling time window. Compared to traditional 2D cameras which generate a color image of the scene, a 3D camera outputs a depth map where each pixel represents the distance of the corresponding point in the scene to the camera. The picture on the left part of the slide shows how a depth map looks like where the warm color indicates smaller distances while the cold color indicates further distances. A 3D camera also outputs a black and white IR image. Synchronized with the depth image with is actually a representation of the total received light energy. It is this combination of 3D depth map and 2D IR image that enables enhanced object detection, classification and tracking in the metric space. Analog devices are providing a full time of flight development solution consisting of a time of flight camera kit, a complete software stack as well as additional collateral and application examples. The ADI-96 Time of Flight 1-EBZ Time of Flight camera is based on ADI's ADDI-90360CB signal processor and is capable of measuring distances in the 20 centimeter to 6 meter range at an accuracy of typically less than 2 percent of the measured distance. The camera outputs on a MEP-CSI2 interface, synchronized depth and IR images each with a resolution of 640 by 480 pixels at 30 frames per second. Built on industry standard 96 boards form factor, the camera can connect to various 96 boards processor boards as well as other industry standard development platforms such as Raspberry Pi, Nvidia Jetson or Xavier and NXP IMX8 using the FPC connector also provided on the board. The system has options for MEP, USB and Ethernet connectivity to cover the full product development cycle from evaluation, prototyping and algorithm development on a host computer to full application development on an embedded system. The open source software development kit provided with the platform can be used throughout for a consistent software development experience ensuring software reuse and stability all the way from the initial prototype to the final product. Windows and Linux support are built into the SDK as well as sample code and wrappers for various software frameworks and languages including OpenCV, Python, MATLAB, Open3D and ROS. Its layered implementation allow users with all level of experience to interact, develop and implement what is of interest for each of them. Now let's jump in details of ADI time of light camera and first begin with the MEP data format. It is 12-bit packed RAW with LSB first. Even this format is not uncommon for RGB cameras there is usually used to encode buyer data. In our case the data is either depth or IR grayscale. In order to apply processing algorithms we usually need to unpack the data and extend it to 16-bit per pixel with four padding bits. So in packed format we get 960 bytes per line but that we're transpose in 640 16-bits words after unpacking. This can be a small issue on targets that don't perform unpacking using GPU image signal processor. For those targets the unpacking has to be performed on software in SDK and this comes with increased load on CPU. Second the ADI time of light camera provide three possible output modes. Depending on the requirements of the application or in some cases the capabilities of the embedded platform all or only some of them can be used. So the three modes are depth only IR only and depth plus IR. First two are the simple cases accepted by all the platforms. The last mode can rise some problems on some platforms because of the virtual channel use and especially to the fact that there are two consecutive frame start packets. So this is for depth and this one is for IR two frame start packets. This problem can be solved on some targets that does not support virtual channels by setting both data streams on virtual channel zero. Also because of the way the image lines are presented on MIDI packet structure the SDK needs to perform the interliving when data is extracted from the frame buffer but we'll talk in detail about this a bit further. The last thing that is special to the ADI time of light camera is the fact that the full depth range is not covered with one working mode or at least not within the specified two percent accuracy. So because of this we have three operating modes near medium and far. More clear these modes are optimized for detecting subjects at different distances. The optimization for each mode is performed in the calibration data set used and also in the firmware block run by the ADDI 9036 chip. So for changing the range a reprogramming of the volatile program memory of the chip is required. The firmware and calibration data can be stored on the included EEPROM memory from the camera module but other adapters of the ADI technology opted for storing only calibration on the module EEPROM. We'll see further why this is for importance for the Linux driver. Now we will talk about the video for Linux driver implemented for ADDI 9036. This driver was implemented based on OV5640 driver that was already in upstream kernel. It is modeled as an I2C sensor driver and integrated in video for Linux framework. It exposes a media sub device with a source pad that gets connected to the bridge driver. In the example where is a print screen from Raspberry Pi we can see the media device with this corresponding sub device connected. For supporting the camera particularities presented before a custom IO control had to be implemented together with standard pixel rate and link frequency controls. Two main versions of the driver were proposed and will further be presented. So the initial version was very handy for camera and SDK development because it just exposed to user space all the camera registers. I want to point out again that the ADDI processor chip has only volatile memory for storage of firmware and calibration data. So before any data to be put out on MEP, a programming through I2C is required. All memory is mapped as registers and can be easily accessed with this version of the driver from SDK. This driver did not perform any control over clock outputs. So the camera module has an internal oscillator and does not require external clock. It will only output the MEP data clock when streaming is turned on. As it can be seen, the chip config control was accepting an array of address data to a pulse and directly wrote the data over I2C to ADDI chip. This was of course not acceptable for upstreaming but was very useful as I said for early development of the time of flight ecosystem. So if we take it step by step in a sequence diagram, when the user starts the in show demo application and select the desired operating range, the SDK using the user space access app run through 8024 driver fetch corresponding calibration data and firmware data for selected mode. After data was retrieved, SDK performs some computations based on camera and lens calibration and convert them into registered data. After SDK created an internal homogeneous block of address data pairs, write them through set chip config custom control and true driver directly into ADDI chip memory. After that, stream on is called but in this version of the driver stream on did not have any effect. It was just the debug print. Now the written data is read from video device and processed in the SDK. In the special case of implementation that store only calibration into EEPROM, the SDK loaded the firmware from user space location concatenated it with data computed on read calibration from EEPROM and wrote everything through the same custom control. In version two of the driver, all the steps required for loading the firmware from EEPROM were shifted into the driver. Also, it was added the handling of optional GPIO for reset of the camera using GPIO framework. The power state of the chip is now implemented using one time PM and retrieval of firmware is now implemented using firmware framework. The array type IO control used in the previous version was replaced with an integer type one used for specifying from user space the required operating range for the camera. This control is resized after parsing of the firmware with V4L2 control modify range function. This is the support dynamic number of calibration ranges. So when ADDI 9036 driver is loaded at pro time, firmware is requested through Linux firmware API. If no firmware is available, the probe is failed. Then the firmware is parsed and are filled some dynamically allocated structures that hold data loaded from firmware for each operating range. Later on, when user turned on the image show application and set the desired range is just a matter of sending one integer value through the set operating mode control to the driver. Internally, the driver will write the data from corresponding selected structure to the ADDI chip through I square C. All this is happening at stream on time. So if a new range is desired, all the SDK has to do is to set stream off, update the mode in the driver to the control and request stream on again. Now the driver will reprogram the ADDI chip to require configuration. This approach has a great advantage. Now the driver can be used with any other video for Linux compatible user space application. Of course, if both data streams are enabled, the depth and IR data will be interleaved. But this is a major improvement over the previous implementation, which of the driver, which was SDK dependent. In the last slide about kernel driver, I'll present the structure of the firmware block that has to be stored in root file system or embedded in the kernel. The first eight bits are just a magic check sequence to identify the binary block of the data as firmware for ADDI 936 driver. Next are coming four bytes that store the number of modes that are available in the current firmware file. Both of these two elements compose the header of the firmware file. After that must come exactly modes number sub blocks of data, each starting with four bytes of mode ID, four bytes of size, and pairs of register address and register data, each having exactly two bytes. At each mode change, those pairs will be written one by one on the ADDI 936 chip through I squared C. This simple structure is flexible enough to accommodate any number of modes, but we require to have at least one. Now let's talk a bit about the implementation details of the SDK. The ADDI Time of Flight SDK is a cross-platform library for the analog devices depth cameras based on the ADDI 936 Time of Flight signal processor. It provides scripts for seamless integration of SDK on any host platform by cloning all dependencies, compiling them, and compiling and installing the SDK. For platforms where processing of raw data is required, I mean unpacking, reordering, and shifting, the SDK provides already all is required to have in the end data in buffers for the upper layers in the same format. All other features of the camera that could not be covered by the driver or don't have their place in the driver like temperature reading are handled by the SDK. Also, a set of examples and tools are providing for handling of e-prome calibration data specific for each camera implementation. First, we'll discuss the unpacking required for some platforms that don't perform it in GPU image signal processor. If we look at the first three bytes that are received for each image line on NITI bus, we see that actually there is information only for two pixels in those three bytes. So, what Unpecker is doing, either in SDK or ISP, it is taking first byte and copying it as it is on pixel one. Then taking least significant four bits from third byte and put them on least significant places of pixel one. Next, the second byte is taking as it is and placed on pixel two, and now the most significant four bits are taken from third byte and put on least significant places of pixel two. This operation is performed for all bytes of every image line. It should be performed for both depth and IR samples. All supported platforms are ARM processors and we made use of neon co-processor for loop on-roll and single instruction multiple data operation to speed up this process. In this way, the impact on CPU load is not significant, but some reduced in frame rate can be clearly observed. The next operation that should be performed by SDK is the interleaving in case of enabling of both IR and depth data streams. The only platform that does not require this operation is NVIDIA Xavier. There we don't have this problem because the bridge driver is providing a separate video device for each virtual channel, but for the others it goes like this. SDK is allocating internally two buffers, one for depth and one for IR. Depending on platform after unpacking or directly if unpacking was already performed by image signal processor, we copy one line worth of data to the depth buffer. Increase the pointer, then copy one line of IR data to the IR buffer. Increase the pointer and the process is repeated until both frames are completed. So, majority of platforms use only one video device for providing data buffers got from bridge driver and this the interleaving must be performed. In the last slide allocated to SDK implementation, I'll present a bit that we provided to the user when demo is run. Three windows will pop up to displaying the data and one used for settings. The connection mode can be selected when a remote context is used. Next, the operating range can be selected from one of the three options available. If the mode is not available because it was not included in the firmware, an error will be raised at the driver level when mode selected control will be called and propagated up to the stack to SDK. The display of data can be based on live capture or playback of some previously recorded data. Computation of the center point of the depth image can be activated and in that moment will be visible on the depth window, the distance between camera and the subject for the middle point of the image. Some other processing can be enabled like a small signal removal or IR gamma correction. Also, the current frame rate, laser temperature and analog front end temperature are displayed for monitoring. In the last part of the presentation, I'll talk about each supported platform and its peculiarities. First supported platform in ADI time of a development kit project was Dragonboard 410C. It was based on Qualcomm APQ 8016E. From video perspective, this platform does not provide harder unpacking of raw data so the unpacking must be performed in SDK. It is required that both depth and IR streams to be set on virtual channel zero and in this way both streams will end up in the same frame buffer but interleaved. In order to connect media devices' pads, explicit commands should be executed in user space using media control application. Media devices should be connected to create a video pipeline from camera pad to CSI decoder next to ISP and finally to the video front end module. The camera IO controls are not taken over and exported by the video device so SDK must interact both with video device and camera sub-device. After Dragonboard followed, Dresperi Pi host platform. We are using the Unicam driver which has capability to perform unpacking of raw format in latest version. Again, here like on Dragonboard, we must configure the depth and IR streams on the same virtual channel and that one is zero. And again, as in Dragonboard in same frame buffer and the interleaving is required. The video pipeline is already configured based on device tree data so no explicit configuration must be performed and more over the camera controls are exposed by the video device so the SDK can interact only with the video device for configuring all the camera functionalities. IMx8 and mini platform perform unpacking at cheap level but unfortunately does not implement virtual channels capability and also does not accept the trick from two previous platforms with setting virtual channels on the same ID. If both streams are set on the same virtual channel, the frames are discarded by the pixel parser and some errors will pop up in diagnostic messages if dynamic debugging is enabled. Also, the raw 12 format is supported by hardware but not implemented in driver at least not on the version delivered with kernel 4.14 that we used. One other particularity is that the media devices are not registered because V4L2 device register subdev nodes function is not called by the complete notifier callback inside capture driver and actually that notifier is completely missing. So after we added it the ADDI camera media device was registered and the subdevice was accessible. Nvidia Jetson platform was first one tried from Nvidia. It performs unpacking but the biggest drawback is that it does not support virtual channels and like IMx8 mini it discards the frames if both data streams are configured on the same virtual channel. Video pipeline is configured automatically based on device tree bindings and the driver had to be quite substantially modified compared to previous versions. This happened because Nvidia uses camera common framework for sensor drivers. This is not an upstream framework is something specific to Nvidia. Camera common sensor operations and camera common data structures must be defined and filled in the sensor driver and in this way the communication with video for Linux framework is not direct from sensor driver but through camera common framework. But as one of the advantages the camera common framework take the sensor controls and expose them in video device so interaction with subdevice from SDK is not required. On Nvidia Xavier platforms and here I'm referring both AGX and NX the same driver as for Jetson can be used because Xavier is also using camera common framework. The Xavier platforms support virtual channels and use a separate video device for each virtual channel because of this is the only platform that does not require the interliving as I said before. Now on the SDK side it must communicate this special case and open two video devices and take data synchronously from both. To simplify the device tree and keep only one version of the ADDI 9036 driver for all Nvidia boards on this platform two instances of sensor driver are loaded at different I2C bus addresses but one of them is dummy and does not have any physical camera connected. The last platform to talk about is Toybrick RK3399 Pro based on as its name suggests Rockchip 3399 CPU. This platform used an older 4.4 version of Linux kernel and all the camera framework is based on the older SOC camera framework. So only for this platform we created a SOC camera version of the ADDI 9036 driver. We also had to define in the device tree the additional properties to specify camera name image size field of view and orientation. This information was required by the bridge driver for this Rockchip SOC. Finally this platform does not perform unpacking neither the interliving of data streams in individual video devices so all these operations have to be performed in SDK with a bit of a penalty on CPU load. Now as we reach the end I would like to thank you all for your attention and please if you have any questions or comments feel free to ask them.