Super wild card weekend! We've got a tequila Friday. Why? Because it's Marissa's birthday and Will Arjib operator's birthday as well. We'll be joined by Brandon Marshall who will take 75 minutes of our 60 minutes to discuss whatever the hell he wants to. He is the steward of the I Am Athlete Media Empire plus Sam Monson will be here. I asked him to dig up a critical number that will help you over on Fandable Sportsbook, talking trash at the bar with your friends, whatever ahead of these six matchups. And I am six for six in my K-makers. Will I get three more? Yes, I will, starting now. Believe standing by, but not so fast. We've got to get into this. Listen, I don't like advancing this story. It's going to be talked about. So let's do our best to discuss it. But in the midst of what has been a wide speculation about Lamar Jackson's injury all week really, he decided to take matters into his own hands, whether he decided or was advised to. I like that he did this. I think it's great that he did. And here's what he had to say. Thank you everyone for your support and concerns regarding my injuries. I want to give you all an update as I'm in the recovery process. I've suffered a PCL grade two sprain on the borderline of a strain three. There is still inflammation surrounding my knee and my knee remains unstable. I'm still in good spirits as I continue with treatments on the road to recovery. I wish I could be out there. I'm going to repeat that. I wish I could be out there with my guys more than anything. But I can't give 100% of myself to my guys and fans. I'm still hopeful we still have a chance. So the initial diagnosis of what was going on was one to three weeks, we'll be back, you'll be back, you'll be back. And now we're about to hit the six week mark and it doesn't seem like he's close to returning. So it has caused a lot of people, Twitter, pundits, whatever to question can he play through this? And he is instead prioritizing his health and being extra careful with his contract situation looming and there's a lot of things that are untied there or is he actually hurt and can't go? And I honestly think that this line of thinking is so toxic and it is such a reach. I don't question Lamar Jackson's desire to play and I can only do that based on experience that I have as a fan and as someone who's talked to these guys a lot over the years. I've covered this league for a little bit and it seems to me it is a hardwired thing. Wanting to play, it almost seems untought to these players. It is an inherent instinct. It is in the bones of these guys, in the DNA. And I've never met, I can say, I've never talked to a meta player who I'm not completely convinced that they wouldn't be going out there and giving 100% if they could. And most of them go out there much less than 100% available to them to give. And it's hard for me to envision that type of approach from Lamar Jackson who has only showed us that he's willing to do anything to get out on the field and give it his all. Remember when the contract negotiations kicked off last summer? Steve Bishadi, the Ravens owner, he was saying things about how Lamar is looking at this contract money as secondary to what's really important and he's using the word obsessed to win a Super Bowl. So while I think it would be nice to see Bishadi and the GM, the Costa and of course Harbaugh, his coach. You wanna always hear the coach say stuff about this? I would love to hear them come out and further support and maybe more meaningful support of Lamar ahead of this game. But this isn't really a story. If he could play, he would. And if he was sweating his contract and second guessing, getting on the field, I don't think we'd see him out there week one. Why would we? We wouldn't see him at all. And if you think about it, if he could play, go out there, beat his division rival, somebody who smoked you twice this year, at least got past you twice, advance his team further into the playoffs. Doesn't everyone out there making these claims or having these thoughts understand that that just adds to his value? Why wouldn't he wanna go out there? He's always been on himself. Why would that stop now in this situation? It doesn't seem likely to me and it doesn't seem likely we'll see him based on what he's saying and what this injury really is. So let's do what RG3 said. And RG3 can speak to this. Remember what happened in his rookie year? Let him recover, let him relax. And what helped, what does it do for you? Just as a human to question this. Are you gonna get an answer? Like if they lose, if they win, if he plays, are you gonna ever feel good? If they franchise tag, when they don't, he goes to another team which seems likely, whatever. Like what is questioning it right now doing for you? Like take a nap, get a grip and enjoy the action this week. I don't think he'll play. And it doesn't sound like he's particularly close to getting back on the field if they do somehow advance past the Joe Burrowing company. So it's either gonna be Tyler Huntley who returned to practice yesterday or Anthony Brown who was the quarterback Sunday Night Football of course against the AFC champs. That'll see, we'll see how that happens as we bring in Brandon Marshall who I never know what he's gonna say. Former All-Pro receiver opinionated I am athlete media mogul and Matt Hamilton future employer. Brandon Marshall, how are you? Oh, I'm phenomenal. I'm a little disappointed. I see right here it says up in Adams, Brandon Marshall joins the show. I thought we agreed that we were going to brand our own second. I thought I was, I thought you were gonna make me feel special. I see Gronkowski on your show, Coach Sean Payton on your show. It's like you're getting the big hit now. It's like you moved from New York to LA, two big cities, major markets. You're getting the big hit. It's like, what's up? Are you forgetting about the small people like me? I'm not, I think you kind of curbed me for like two weeks in a row. I think plenty of things happen in the news cycle. In our meetings would say, Brandon Marshall wanna come on? Brandon Marshall wanna come on? And you kind of curbed me. So I have to say fine, I'll guess I'll settle for Rob Gronkowski four times Super Bowl champion, fine. Was that a little gaslighting on my side? I am good at that. It's in my Twitter bio. Brandon, what do you make? We'll talk Lamar here. We got lots to talk about six games, big stakes. What's the story? He probably won't play. What do you make of people thinking he might just be holding himself out? He can't play, right? 2006, when I was drafted to the Denver Broncos, fourth rounder, our first preseason game, playing up in Indy, I fall on the sideline and I snap my PCL. So it was a grade two, almost a grade three similar to Lamar Jackson's. And it took me almost to week eight to get back right. I was able to get back out there right around week six, but I wasn't the same guy, okay? I mean, excuse me, six weeks out, but I wasn't the same guy. I didn't feel comfortable until I hit probably halfway mark of the season. The PCL is a serious thing. It's not as serious obviously as a MCL, now I would say MCL like the ACL, excuse me, or a patella tendon, something like that. But you have no stability in your knee, right?  It goes back, that's that PCL. That PCL stops your knee from going back. When you don't have that, there's literally no stability, Kay. Well, let's talk about what not the, you know, the doctor operation of it all. Like let's talk about what people are saying is that it's because of the contract. He doesn't have professional experience representation as far as we know. Negotiation stopped in the summer before the season kicked off. The team has not come out and said anything. Harbaugh hasn't really come out and said anything. Like he can't play. We're saying he can't play because it's what I believe is a fan and what you believe is a former player. But what do you make of the assumption that he's doing it to protect himself because he needs a deal to get done and that's looming? Humanization, right? So that's basically what we wanna talk about here. First off, you just did a lot. The first thing you talked about was the representation, right? I'm so tired of people saying that he's not represented. I had one of the most powerful agents and still have one of the most powerful agents in sports. Canard McGuire has done billions of dollars in deals it seems like at the general manager level. So representing managers, players and also owners. There was times when I was playing for the Chicago Bears that we leaned on the NFLPA to walk us through our philosophy and our approach to our contract, right? There are so many attorneys that are already paid by the players for the players. So when you talk about representation, it's not as hard as people think, right? It's about standing on what you believe in.  If he feels like he should be right, there were Patrick Mahomes underneath Patrick Mahomes, that's what he believes and then you do the dance. So yeah, there is an art and skill to negotiation. But Ms. Felicia Jackson is a hell of a lady and super smart. I've sat down and talked to her and I've been begging her to let me tell her story. I've been begging her to come on IMathly and us highlight her. She wants to always be in the back. When I tell you she is brilliant, she is brilliant. I actually met Lamar Jackson, Ms. Felicia back when I was playing for the Miami Dolphins in 2011. We went to the same church. I live right down here in Western Florida. They're from Pompano Beach. And I would see them almost every other Sunday. Lamar Jackson and Ms. Felicia know exactly what they're doing, okay? And as far as the humanization part of this thing, didn't we just see Lamar die on the field and be brought back to life and we started this conversation up there? Maybe it's time for us to start listening to the players. Every time money comes in to play a contract dispute, we immediately go to the owners. We immediately go to the team side. Well, what about Lamar Jackson? What if Lamar Jackson can never play again, right? Lamar Jackson deserves to have some stability. Lamar Jackson deserves to have a contract, right? Where he doesn't own all the risk. That is the situation right here. So if I was Lamar, right? And I wasn't even dealing with a PCL and I could play, I would not play. It's too much risk. I'm saying that right now. I would not play. You know, well, let's give some more breaking news, okay? My last year in Denver with Josh McDaniel, you know I don't like Josh McDaniels too much. Josh McDaniels comes in and he's a jerk, right? Can I say that? I can't say that, sorry. Let me not call nobody names. I can't call nobody names. I'm so sorry. But Josh McDaniels come in and we don't have the best relationship, okay? The last year, I was like 80%. I could have probably played through it, but I didn't. I didn't go out there. I wasn't going to waste going into my free agency, my off-season, an opportunity to secure my family forever and risk it for you. No, I'm thinking about Zee, Ziggy and Zodah that's here today. I'm thinking about their kids, kids. That's what I was thinking about. And I sat my butt down right there on the sideline. Why did you bring up Josh McDaniel when you made that decision? Like, so if it was a coach that you really liked, would you have played? Listen, probably not, right? Hey, Newsflash, NBA players, NFL players, hockey players, snowboarders, whatever it is, okay? If you're in your contract year, okay? And you're seconds away from getting the deal.    So why did he play week one? Because that- He was 100% then? Because that is the business, right? Because if he doesn't do that, he's deemed a bad guy. Okay, but tell me this. But he wants money, he wants security. Guaranteed money is what we're talking about. So this will be the second season in a row, the second season that he has not finished the year. Should that impact his contract negotiation? Okay, maybe. But Kay, when you were a free agent, that fan duel out there, you had this person out there, that person out there, look, whoever gave you the best deal was the deal. So right now, if Lamar Jackson with everything you just said, if there's one, two, three teams to come out there and say, we'll give you that 230 million guaranteed, that's the market, Kay. I understand that, but we're talking about why he would make a decision like that now versus he could have held out. Why didn't he just hold out then if that's what he's, if he has the mentality that you're, I disagree with you, I don't think, I think that if he could play, he'd go play. I think he's wired that way. I think he actually thinks, has a lot of confidence in himself, and I think his mother does who I've never spoken to. I'm sure she does as well, is there handling this? And Lamar's whole thing and why I love Lamar is that he bets on himself, whether it's reckless or the right decision or it works out, it's a risk that he's willing to take, that he'll go out there and he'll play. And I can't imagine that knowing that he could go and slay the bangles and keep going and he's gonna earn himself more money, more respect in playing that he would hold himself out. I don't think that that's true. No, listen, that's 99% of the athletes out there in football or basketball is gonna make the same decision Lamar Jackson made, right? And that is the problem, right? As a player, you take it personal.  And we forget about the business side. We don't have the savviness when it comes to understand the bigger picture.  A lot of players can't deal with that. No, like 99% of the players think that way. And we need to stop it and we need to change the way we think. And the reason why?  And I know this was almost an anomaly, but we've had players break their necks, we've had players deal with two a tongue of a lot. Which is why I disagree with you, Brandon. I don't think that any player, I think players more than ever are gonna feel supported in holding out. I think if Lamar Jackson said, I'm not playing because I don't feel good, I don't know this contract, I wanted to sign it, I deserve this, I think he'd actually have more support than you're saying that he would get. From fans, from people. So, well, give me one example of a player holding out over the last 20 years that was supported. And I know I'm not trying to put you on the spot here because there's so many players and I think about so many different scenarios. Me, my experience, Kay, from my point of view and Mike's, what I've seen over the last 20, 30 years, all I see is fans saying, you're selfish. All I keep saying is, oh, how much money is enough money? I see organizations planting stories, like, hey, Lamar Jackson, you know, hey, if he's 70%, 80%, he should be able to go, why does Lamar Jackson, why do you think Lamar Jackson had to put out a tweet saying, if I wanted to, if I could play, I would play? I know. Right, so my thing is, look, maybe there's an example out there where there's been a player or two that's been supported, I can't recall. I don't recall, Kay. I think Lamar is different and I think he's looked at differently by people and I think he plays different and I think that he is in a world of his own and I think it's really hard to lump him in with how other quarterbacks, their free agency, their holding out has occurred because I do and always have considered Lamar Jackson, whether it's right or wrong, sort of on his own, people don't know how to value him. Foreign offices, I don't think know what to do with a player like Lamar Jackson but we can both agree it's a shame he probably won't be out there. I think I just hate the conversation about whether or not he wants to be out there or whether or not he would play if he could and I don't think he can play and I think if he could play, he'd be playing. Right, yeah and I think that would be a bad decision. Taylor Flu, our amazing social media manager. I want you to clip this and put PSA under it, okay? PSA. And put this out on all of our channels, okay? PSA, PSA, you ready?  If you're a good player, okay? If you're a terrible player, you gotta go. You don't have the accolades, you gotta go.  Do not play. I don't care if you're going into a season. I don't care if you're dealing with an injury like Lamar Jackson and you, you're sitting right there at 65, 70% and their team is on the verge of going to the playoffs. They're going into the playoffs. Don't play. Don't play. Don't play. And all of the fans out there you guys may say whatever you want about me, Brandon Marshall, but I've been dealing with it my entire career.  But players out there, this is a business. Take the emotion out of the money. Thank you, Taylor. Please clip that PSA underneath. And scene. We'll be back with Brandon Marshall. We got to talk Giants, Vikings. I want to get your thoughts on all that. Kenny Galli, they scored a touchdown. Is he going to be important now? They didn't get Odell. Odell was tweeting yesterday. We'll get to it right here. Back with Brandon Marshall. He is here. The IM athlete, media empire, the head of that. Let's talk Giants and Jets here. Let's start my friend with the Giants, Vikings. They didn't sign Odell like you wanted them to. I wanted them to. We did see Kenny Galli day score his first touchdown as a giant last weekend. Listen, there are fans as local media calling for him to get more reps this Galli day. Do you think that touchdown could get him going and be the spark that we'd hope we'd get from Odell? Because the receivers do look better with the Giants. I do. I do. Kay, I was on a bus one time and I saw Devon Hester. And it kind of a slump almost. He felt like he was in a slump. Jay Cutty, who we always talk about on the show, our show, our segment. He wrote back to me by the way. What did he say? What did he say? I don't remember something. I said, come on the show, Jay. And he wrote what show. And I just gave up and didn't write back. Of course. But look, Jay Cut was not throwing him the ball. So he's in a little slump and I'm getting on the bus and I'm seeing him with his phone out, watching YouTube videos of himself, of old Devon Hester. And that blew my mind. This should have been First Ballad Hall of Famer, Devon Hester, who pretty much is struggling with confidence. And he's fighting his butt off to get his confidence back, right? I never experienced that up until I got to the Giants in the Seattle Seahawks where I was in that similar situation. I had to find a way to get my confidence back.  When you lose your confidence, you are done. OK, you're not competitive anymore. You can't perform. Kenny Galladay, go back to when he was in Detroit, Kay. Did we not celebrate Kenny Galladay? Did we not love those big plays? He was making these plays every single week. Yeah, he was on fire. Why do you think he got the $20 million? It was not a bad deal. I don't know what happened in New York. But we have not seen this. If he can come back and make plays like this, just a couple throughout this playoff race, this could be the old Giants run that we saw years ago with Eli Manning when they were terrible and then all of a sudden they found their way in the Super Bowl. Well, he needs to make these plays. And he's capable. Well, nothing makes confidence more easy than going up against the 31st ranked past defense in the National Football League in the Vikings who they faced when, week 16. And all of those receivers were putting up numbers. So it certainly can happen, and especially if Kenny is feeling himself and gaining that confidence. I love that story about Devon Hester.  I just don't want that on the internet. We appreciate it. We're gonna stay in New York because the Jets didn't make the playoffs, but they're always in the news. As you know, they fired their offensive coordinator, Michael Floor, that could not have been easy for Sala to do, a good friend of his. Woody Johnson came out yesterday and he said he is ready to open up the checkbook for a veteran quarterback. Yeah, calling the position the missing piece. Well said, Woody. We heard yesterday, Derek Carr is on the trade buck. We're hearing this morning, by the way, Indy not interested. The Colts do not want Derek Carr. But do you think that he could be the piece here? Of course, they don't say that. You know, I love Chris Ballard over there and Indy, but they've been hit or miss on these quarterbacks the last couple of years. But he'll figure it out. Ooh, this could be big.  You're my buddy, but you should have opened up the checkbook for him. It fits magic. And we wouldn't have had that terrible second run with New York. But anyways, do it, do it, go get Derek Carr. Yes, are you kidding me? Yes, yes, absolutely. He's been in this situation again before, Kay. Remember Rex Ryan, that legendary defense? Yes. Daryl Reavis and all those stud muffins, Bart Scott and all those amazing hearts up front. We don't like to talk about him. Yes, go ahead. Sorry. All of those amazing players on the defensive side and what happened? They missed it on offense. Do you think he want to experience that again? Woody Johnson went in the Super Bowl and one of the biggest cities in the world. And this guy right here, Derek Carr, I don't care about this record saying six and nine. You know who's the blame for this six and nine record this year, Kay? Go ahead and say it. Would it be the man who wears the visor? Josh McDaniels. Josh McDaniels, you want to point the finger. He did the same thing when he got the Denver. My old buddy, Jay Cutler. He gets the Denver. We're the number two offense. We're the number two offense in a whole wide world. And guess what our buddy, Josh McDaniels? What did he do? I'm going to trade you, Jay. What are you doing? This is smoking Jay. Jay is in his third year. He could potentially morph into the one of the top five quarterbacks in a club. In that altitude, come on. In that altitude. And his first move is to trade Jay Cutler. What do you think? Jay Cutler is so, so traumatized. You're not wrong. This defense this year for the Jets, fourth best defense the National Football League. That's no joke. I mean, maybe it's not Daryl Reeves-Barth Scott while you're talking, but like, it's up there. Sala has that going. So you're saying Derek Carr, out of everybody, he's the ideal fit for this Jets squad, as far as you see. Or is there another guy? Listen, you know, I don't trust the draft. You never know what you're going to get.   But you got a guy like that that comes in and there's some immaturity. You know, it takes a couple years for guys to actually morph into men and what, you know, teams drafted for. But when you have a Derek Carr guy that you know is going to be the first one in the building, the last one out, which is a fact, we know that. You have a guy that is fiery. We know that. We have a guy that can make plays. We know that. Why wouldn't you take a chance on that? We don't need Derek Carr to come in and be the best Derek Carr. And the best Derek Carr is a top 10 quarterback in the NFL, right? We don't need that. We need Derek Carr to come in and make plays. But what you're going to get is probably a Derek Carr that could go out there and throw for 4,000 yards in the right situation and look at that offense, right? You have some really good pieces on the offensive side. I like Elijah Moore. Obviously Wilson, he could potentially be the offensive rookie of the year. Like a corridor, yeah. You got some. You got some pieces. This is a really good group. This is a really good group. Breece Hall coming back from injury. Great coaching, a fiery, excited fan base. Him in that media circus. I may come back tight in. Can I come back? Do you want to come back as a tight end? If Derek Carr comes back. Comes back. If Derek Carr goes to the Jets, I'm going to the Jets as a tight end. Woody, give me a 10 day contract to prove it to you that I can play tight end. And here on WFAN, we have Craig Carton speaking about this in about two hours. Boomer Syason making this his fodder for the week before the weekend. Him in front of the microphones, I'm so curious about. Zach Wilson, epic fail. You won't argue me that it matters. I think he's emotional. He's emotional. He's in a cry up there on that podium. I don't know if those back pages are going to be kind to him. He's an emotional guy. It's not a bad thing. It's a good thing. But he has like a, you know, like, media relationship will be interesting, no? Yeah, but if you're winning, who cares? Winning solves everything. When you're winning, you can cry. And that's when you cry, the back page and be like, oh my goodness. You see, this is what we media people do. I got to put, I got to put me in there as well. That's right. This is what we do.  Why would you do that? You can't do that. And then when you're winning, he does that look at the emotional leader. No, yeah. This is amazing. He galvanized not only the block room, but he galvanized the city. So when you're winning, it cures off. And all of those things that seems bad in front of the microphone when you're losing will be turned into good. I gotta say, I did not think this conversation was gonna go into you saying that Derek Carr is a Hall of Famer who you come out of retirement and stood up at the tight end position for. I just didn't. Taylor, Taylor, do not clip that. That is not a PSA, okay? Don't listen to your boss over there. Do not clip that. I don't know who's Taylor's boss. We don't know. There's no hierarchy here. Okay, let's get into these games, playoffs. Saturday afternoon, NFC West Battle. I need you to pick the game. Do you think the Niners, it's just that easy? They beat the Seahawks for a third time? Let's go through these quickly. Okay, so the Seahawks and the Niners game which you started with, this is a blowout. Love, Geno Smith and what they were able to do over there, but this is it for them. They're going fishing. Got it. I wanna see, let's pull up the full screen. I think we have it Conrad of all of the picks that we got from Brandon before the show. Let's take a look at those. So you already picked that. How about the Chargers? They got Jacksonville. Who did you pick and these are your picks? Take me through them. Yeah, here you guys go, right? This is a one, two, three, four, five. This is a six leg Parley right here. Go on Fandle right now and make some money with me. These are locks. Take the 49ers. They're gonna beat the Seahawks. You got the Chargers over the Jacksonville Jaguars. This is could potentially be a pick them game. But I think these defensive ends are gonna take off. Bosa's back baby. And then you got the Bills over the Dolphins. Come on, the Bills picked them to win a Super Bowl.  DeMar is brought back to life. And what's happening there has galvanized the sports community. The Giants win big against the Vikings. Yes, Kenny Galladey, he makes two big plays and we're gonna be celebrating the Giants and he's gonna be lifted up as a king. Yes, you're worth the $20 million a year. The Bengals over the Ravens come on smoking, Joe. No Lamar Jackson.  Dude, you want to bet against the goat. Six leg parlay. Hey, this probably you bet $100. You might win freaking $20,000. $20,000. Go on the app, go on the website if you're active, especially if you're in Ohio right now we live ready right now. Oh gosh. Company man, move over, Gronkowski. Brandon Marshall's got this on lock. Hey, it's the Red Bull, it's the Red Bull. It is the Red Bull, it's the Red Bull. Are you mad that Jay Cutler got back to me before he got back to you? Absolutely. You know I'm emotional, you know I'm emotional, I'm sensitive. We love the Devin Hester story. We love, you know, using the past to sort of talk about what's going on now and you are incredible and so insightful and we appreciate you. Will I see you in Arizona? Yes, and we're gonna do our show live and I need a branded segment. A branded segment. Okay, what would we want? Yes, K and B. B and K. We'll work on it. Beast mode, they're saying that's, K and the Beast, that's not gonna happen. All right, we'll talk about it, you and me. These awful ideas. Beauty and the Beast, no, that's too cheesy. Yeah, we're not doing that. That's too cheesy. All right, I wanna get on it. Can I get on I Am Athlete at some point? Can we, how about I Am in parentheses Not Athlete and then I can be part of that segment? That'll be my branded segment. We'll be out there on the 24th, I believe, the Lakers and Clippers game, so let's get you on the show again. Oh, Lakers, I've never been to a Lakers game. Well, we're not taking to the Lakers game, but you're coming to the show. All right, Brandon Marshall, everybody, we appreciate you, we'll get your picks up online and Taylor, get to work, get to work, click up those things. All right, click, PSA. We've got Sam Lonson coming up on the show. We're drinking tequila today, Sam. Nope, go get something a little harder. Nope. When you saw the matchup against the Chargers, where you spent, my friend, the first four seasons of your career, what were you thinking, and do you think it would be emotional going up against your old squad? There's no, I mean, it just is what it is. I'm a Jag now, so, hey, yeah, let me go. I was there. It is what I have history with the team, but man, I'm looking to go out there, dominate, but to have it be the Chargers is, you know, it's a little more, adds a little more something to it. I could not have fallen more in love with Ray Sean Jenkins.  He was just taking shots at Urban Meyer by not saying Urban Meyer in a way that a master class could be taught by Ray Sean Jenkins, the J-villain who's taken on his former squad, the Chargers in wild card action. Okay, it is Friday. Let's welcome in our good friend, the co-host of the PFF NFL podcast, PFF's lead NFL analyst, and someone who I frankly don't think tweets enough. Sam Monson, how are you? I'm good, how are you? I'm really good. Okay, so this weekend for this segment, we are not drinking mimosas, which would be like a totally normal thing to do. Instead, it's Marissa's birthday, so Tequila is happening, and what would you call this drink? At Tequila screwdriver. At Tequila screwdriver. Sam, what do you got? I have Elvis juice. Elvis juice. I gotta tell you, I'm lying, I can't lie. I'm not drinking, I can't drink Tequila, so this is just orange juice. I can't, they told me to lie. They told me to just pretend, but I can't, there's no point in pretending. Show's over. But I'm getting vitamin C and sugar. If we're graduating to Hardlaker, this whole segment could go south in a hurry. That's what I want. If by south you mean north in a hurry, then that's where we're going. All right, Sam, we got numbers. I asked you for not something different, but something more specific for this weekend to help me make decisions over at Fandall Sportsbook, and I'm gonna use the PFF app to do this, of course, so let's get PFF'd up. Fine, give me some Tequila. Give me a shout out to Tequila.  The first number is 90, if it was a gasp, an audible gasp in the studio. 90% chance that I will throw up this shot at Tequila online television. What else is 90%? 90 is the number of pressures that Nick Bosa has this season. Leads the NFL, he had 13 against the Seahawks in two games. Seattle needs to figure out a way of slowing down Nick Bosa if they have any shot at this game. He is on a kind of defensive player of the year game wreck and kind of run right now. He's the best defensive player in the National Football League. He led the league with 18 and a half sacks. Three of those games in his two games, by the way, against Seattle. So tough time for Gino and company. I don't know if the magic ends. Okay, the next number is 1.6. I'm gonna tell you, again, cause I'm honest, I cheated. I saw the number ahead of time for the first time all year and I'm gonna tell you a fact about this. A sloth for them to travel a distance of 1.6 kilometers, it can take as long as one entire month and that fun fact, my friend, is something you would not get anywhere else. Wow, that feels like it would be pretty boring. 1.6%, the turnover-worthy play rate for Justin Herbert this season, which for the second year in a row is the lowest in the NFL. He protects the ball better than anybody else in football, but if he's gonna win a playoff game, I think he needs to get a bit more aggressive on whether that's him, whether that's the scheme. Something needs to change and Herbert needs to be a little bit more, not reckless with the ball, but just a bit more aggressive with it. Oh, I don't know, easy on the reckless. I'm okay with that. I was talking to Raysean Jenkins this whole interview and he's a guy who has game-changing plays.  And he says he really believes in manifestation at something he thinks about and takes time to do pretty much every day.  I'm a little worried that something's gonna happen if that recklessness happens and the Jags defense fourth best turnover rate in the NFL this year. They got a bit of a knack, some magic for creating that and that's something that Herbert's going to have to worry about in his first taste ever of playoff action. All right, the next number is 30. I have no idea. I wish I was 30, I'll leave it there. Miami's ranked in EPA per play when they have Teddy and Skyler Thompson at the quarterback position. That drops from number two. They're right up there with Kansas City when Tula is the quarterback this season, but as soon as they go to anybody else and quarterback that offense just is not the same. And unfortunately, it feels tough to find any way where this offense is gonna cook this weekend's Buffalo. Okay, I'm gonna try. I'm gonna try to give some little positivity here. The one thing I would say that might give the Dolphins a chance is the run game. Hear me out, Sam. Rahim Mostert had 17 carries for 136 yards in that game in Buffalo a couple of weeks ago. His status is up in the air though. He's got a bit of a thumb injury. You don't need your thumb to run. So, if so, Pacto, what so have you? Let's get it going. All right, number 108, no idea. What do you got? Number of explosive pass plays that the Minnesota Vikings have had this season, which is third in the NFL. That's what that offense has been built on. That's why they're never out of any game even if they're 33 points down at the half. They can have a ton of big plays from Kirk Cousins to Justin Jefferson. It did damage the last time they played the Giants. That's what still needs to cook this week if they're gonna win. Explosive play. I mean, I got, listen, Grant came on my show and said Giants upset. Lot Hamilton is saying, Daniel Jones looks good. Kenny Galladay. You brand Marshall saying Kenny Galladay might feel himself confident as a thing and carry it over up against the 30 worst pass defense. The Vikings, they're dealing with some injuries on the O-line. Leonard Williams came on to Bidow. They might be getting some pressure and they might be the key to keeping Minnesota from hitting those big plays that you're talking about downfield. Okay, the number one that's easy. The number one is the shots of Tequila that I've taken. I'm not even kidding. Since I was 15, I had a bad experience at a Loyola University party in Lincoln Park.  Merry Christmas. Happy New Year. Happy birthday. This segment might end right here. One is the number of sacks that Ronnie Stanley has given up this season since coming back from that massive ankle injury for Baltimore. The sack came against Cincinnati though. So if Ronnie Stanley can't hold up with that offensive line, can't hold up generally, I think that whole Baltimore attack is in major trouble. The Bengals rank 29th in the NFL and sacks this season. Sam, they do have the lowest passer rating against in the entire league. So it'll probably make things super tough for Huntley or Anthony Brown or whoever we see at quarterback for the Ravens. Okay, last one, the number 23. That's Dak Prescott's PFF passing grade rank. So far this season, that's below guys like Daniel Jones. It's below Mike Jones. Really? It's not in a good place. And Dallas is gonna need Dak Prescott to actually show up and carry this offense, which has the playmakers to make hay in the post season. If they don't, and if it becomes a lackluster Dak Prescott and Dallas offense against Tom Brady in the post season, I think we've seen that script before. What's my PFF passing rank? Where would you put me if I have two more shots of Tequila? Two more.  I'm a soft pop. Two more. Two more, Kellen Moore. Just saying. Yeah, right up there. All pro levels. 90 plus. No, you're so nice, Sam. It's not gonna be easy. The point is what you're saying. Lower than Mac Jones and Daniel Jones, not good. And the Bucks have the ninth ranked pass defense in the NFL this season. Not many people pick in the Cowboys.  Sean Pay and I bet you're also interested in these numbers, as you, I'm sure, you know, maybe you're interested in a potential job in Dallas. If this all works out and the Cowboys get bounced, I happen to think that that might be something that happened. Sam, we can catch all of your work over at pff, pff.com and the new PFF app. When do we stop calling it the new PFF app? Until we have a new one, I guess. So all the time. Okay, of course. It's always new until there's a new one. Okay, we appreciate you. We back, we got some K-makers. I'm six for six. Are we nervous about this? No, we're going to the end zone. I got three more players who will score touchdowns on Super Wild Curve weekend. You're the Dolphins. You're walking in there. How difficult is it to play in that building? Your experience as a visitor, when you have that playoff atmosphere going and then add on what's going on with that team this year? Bill's Lothby is one of the best crowds in the NFL and the best fan base in the NFL.  Ooh, Dolphins! That feels like the Dolphins have a chance. I try to say Raheem Mostert. Why not? They had a good game, a good outing last time that they played and it might just come down to him, of course, to roll out from this one early. Lamar Jackson, unlikely, upheld battle, came out with his own statement just last night on Twitter saying, I wish I was out there. I've got a PCL strain grade two, borderline grade three and he won't be able to be there for his ravens up against the Bengals for round three. It's Marissa's birthday. Marissa, we got you cupcakes. Did you open them? Are they good? We'll have to look. Let's see, we have cupcakes and I also got you this. And I have this and Will, Will, Will, Will, Will, come here. Will, we don't need the jib. Come here, Will. Will, which hat do you want? I have, come here. We have these up in Adam's hat. So, how cool these are? I'm dead, I think they're so great. Which one? This one's for Marissa. I give this to Marissa. And then we have everybody in the control room also. I have an orange one. I have a black one. Which one do you want? This is Will. This is our amazing jib operator. Will, everyone. We all know Marissa, that's both of their birthdays. Just take these, yeah, pick them out. So, okay, Conrad's saying get Will a shot. I don't know the HR regulations on this, so I'm removing myself from the situation, but happy birthday to you guys. And I don't know what we're gonna even do with this. Maybe they'll make it to our show in Arizona. Should I put one on? I don't think I'm gonna have to do the orange one. But these are also good luck hats. I don't know if anybody knows this, but they are.  It's so good. You got cute. I don't know what we're gonna do with these, but I have quite a few of them. Anybody back there in the control room want a hat? Oh, you do? Conrad, are you freaking out that I'm just spiraling and doing whatever I want on the show today? Or were you telling me that I should be taking shots of tequila, so now you're dealing with that. These were made by Wisconsin Knitware. So incredible. Like, sewn one by one on a spool machine thing. I don't know the inner workings, but I'll post about it, of course. But how cool are these? I love these. I'm obsessed. You're the best. Up in Adam's hats, everybody, it's all happening. All right, and these also, as I said, have good luck in them for k-makers. Let's do it. Are we seeing the results from last week? Are we seeing them? We don't, oh. Conrad, why are you trying to steal my shine? You knew I got three for three last week and you didn't even wanna give me love for it. Gosh. Oh yeah, I'm six for six and you don't wanna put that on a full screen. Give me some love. I don't know, add some credibility to our program once in a while. Whew. Damn, the torpedoes is right. All right, here we go. Let's get to it, guys. Let's get to some of these k-makers and let's hit it with Christian McCaffrey. I'm doing it again. You need a guy to score and I've got you covered and I think him against the Seahawks, if you look at it, he just scores huts down. He has six in six games. Kind of a give me, but that's okay. And he makes it seven. If Seattle has the 30th ranked run defense, T. Higgins at Ravens. T had quite a game last week against Baltimore. He scored in four of his last five games. You know the Ravens are going to be king in on Jamar and good luck Marlon Humphrey on that. I think we see T. get at least one on Sunday night and then last but not least for your Super Wild Card weekend k-makings, touchdown scoring pleasure, Devon Singletary against the Dolphins. I think this one is going to get ugly and the Bills lean on their ground game a lot as a result. Five of Devon's six touchdowns this year have come over the second half of the season. He's in Fuego and there you have it. I love this hat. Christian McCaffrey, T. Higgins, Devon Singletary. Am I wearing the orange one because of the bangles? I don't know. No, I don't have a purple one. It's weird. Okay, we will take a break here and we'll be back with our final thoughts. We appreciate Brandon Marshall for coming. He was only on our show for 32 minutes. That's why we have nothing to do because we don't even plan anything anymore when he comes on. Everyday wins make your day so much better. That's why Fandal Casino has a daily free-to-play game. Reward Machine is a free game that gives players the chance to win up to $2,000 a casino bonus every day. Fandal's Reward Machine's already given away over 10 million casual in prizes and it's over 250,000 winners to get it on the action. All you have to do is log in daily and spin for a free chance at rewards. Fandal wants you to win, play Reward Machine for a free chance at everyday wins. Only on Fandal Casino. My producer's talking about shrooms at a wedding. That's an interesting cold outfit. If you could just absolve me of any accountability, that is the sort of world I want to live in. Oh, just leave me out here levels on, levels on up. Appreciate you for having me on. Like finally, you said you were like looking for me. I was just like, I'm just waiting for the call.  No, no, don't say it. What is free ball appropriate? I'm sorry. You don't really know what it is. So it's all right.  What did you say?  I said I'm about to go play rock band. I'm looking at my drum set right now. I'm not a jumper. I like to stay on the ground. I'm a running bag. So, you know, we're gonna give Swiftie a red car for not being so Swift here. Pat took care of the boys, man. You know what, confetti and all that was going on. And they're right to the PJ, right at home. The T-shirt, you're like that's the, you just want to make sure everybody's there. We're talking for fun. Whoa. Let's go, baby.  You gotta stop putting your mind on Eric. No, no, no, I am not going to bear it for it. I tuned in and he was talking about feet and I was like, you know, I tuned in at the wrong second. Yeah, it's about field goals. It's not the Rex Ryan style of feet. Current head coach of the Rancho Bernardo Mustangs, Eric Waddle. Mustangs. Broncos? Check out the Tour of Days, PaulBersie.com. We love you, good luck, congratulations. Come back to New York. Okay, I want to go back to New York. Where is he? He's supposed to come in studio, doesn't, pulls over to the side of the road and is on the phone. Hamilton, I like that we do the weekend review and we didn't always do it, but it's really nice retrospect on how incredible our show is. And I'm so grateful for all of these moments. It's really amazing, we had great guests. And it's not the tequila talking, it's where. It really is. This was a great week. A lot of fun. I love, what was it? If I could be absolved of all responsibility. Accountability. That would be a perfect world, but accountability. Yeah, that pretty much sums it up, I feel like. The shoe fits, the shoe fits. The hat fits me. Unfortunately, I would send this to New York, but it's regulation size. And with this, whatever's raccoon is growing on top of your head, I just don't think it would cover it. So. Okay, mean, mean drinker, okay. Hey, what are the chances? This is why you don't have tequila. What are the chances you think I end up at that molecular gastronomy restaurant later tonight? What do you think the chances are? Zero point zero. Yeah, zero point zero. I'll be at the desk. Just make sure you order the scallops, if you do. The scallops! Oh man. That was a good decision. It was an inside joke with me and Hamilton that I was my reckless spending. Okay, you have a Jags sweatshirt on. We know you are just a real true Die Hard fan. You and, you know, what is his name? Jackson DeVille. Cruella DeVille over there in the song, they sing in the thong song. Shout out Cisco. Okay, you think they're gonna win? Anything else you'd like to say before we hand it over to Marissa here for her birthday? Any like wild card weekend thing? Any wild card weekend thing. Giant? Yeah, I mean, we talked giants yesterday. I do think the giants have a good shot of pulling off the upset in Minnesota. I just can't wait. I mean, I'm excited that we're at this point in the season and playoff time is the best time of year and I don't really wanna take up too much time away from Marissa's birthday. It's true. You know, she does such an incredible job on the show. Can we get a triple box? Derek? Yeah, can we get a triple box? Take the double! Marissa, Marissa is the heart and soul of the program. She's responsible for basically every little thing that you see on the show from producing segments to those packages that get put together and now Conrad's getting mad at me. No, thank you. Happy birthday, Marissa. Well said.


It's time for Python on hardware. Yay, Blanca Blanca Blanca. There is so much going on in the world of Python on hard Happy new year. Yep, it's Blanca Blanca snaked its way to 2020 The circle Python was founded on the idea of its code plus community So there's so many things happening that it made sense to start doing some stats. Okay, so you love stats Well, it's good. If you if everyone's working smart together, it's always good to celebrate Stats that we do together. Yeah, and these are ones that are important to some folks like oh, well, how many Posts did I do about circuit Python? How many libraries are out there? How many contributors? Yeah, I think I think now that we've been through this a few times with different platforms different programming was different microcontrollers There's indicators that something's gonna be successful if you keep track of things and look at trajectories So let's talk about some of the numbers this year Okay, there are over 205 Open-source libraries in circuit Python correct and that's the batteries included That's the thing that a lot of people can immediately start doing their products with we kind of kicked about a dozen 200 so we have about as many as we have Arduino libraries written every new sensor and device we come out with We also have a circuit Python library and you get lots of displays internet connectivity staff It's all really good. Yep, and of course all them work on Blinka as well And that's how you know we have 200 because Blinka's like look hi. Hi. Okay another one Stars on GitHub. It's it's a vanity thing because people they just like it Yeah, it doesn't translate to money. It doesn't but people say this is this is a repository that I like This is something that I appreciate as someone who consumes code or contributes a code So 1500 starts and that's been hockey stick Okay, that's another that's another stat. That's right humans on a discord server 15,000 618 all humans post on Instagram with pound circuit Python 1,000 413 okay average monthly views on Instagram TV for the Python on hardware weekly video this one right here Yeah, 3,800 views. Wow people community meetings Where we have a video or a podcast over a hundred and sixteen every Monday We do a community meeting and we have a video and audio recording and then we put it into all the different podcast services We get a hundred and sixteen of those you can start from beginning all the way up till now when we started doing it And you can see the evolution the arc of all the things that go into an open-source programming language built by a community For a community. It's cool. It's a lot of work. Yeah You're like, hey gonna do Bluetooth into all the way look at all this Bluetooth stuff. Correct. All right, Sloan steady next up Form posts in forums data fruit comm over six thousand nine hundred seventy two community members on circuit Python reddit We just hit So 700 thanks to everyone over at reddit who does circuit Python related things and Python on hardware We also have a micro Python stuff in there as well products on a deferred comm that are circuit Python related in some way 2,400 circuit Python boards It's now up to 95, but we even have a new little download counter for Sorry board counter. Yes, that's the number of that says the number of boards Right, so if you're looking for like how many internet connected boards or how many display connected boards Yeah, we have 94 all together. Okay, sorry 95 because we have the top secret board that we're gonna show you. Yes, okay Here's the cool number about what's the coolest number? Here's the coolest number. So over half of the boards That are on circuit Python org are not from Adafruit Wait, I heard I don't see who said it, but I heard that majority of the boards not true We're Adafruit that's a lot more Adafruit No In fact, that is a measure of success if you have more boards from the ecosystem than your own boards You're doing something successful. So you're saying there's more boards from other people not Adafruit than from us There's more boards from other companies and other people than Adafruit for one more or like 10 more Well, I'm glad you asked at least 10 more. Okay. Yeah, so right about 40 from Adafruit and about 55 From everybody else together. I was proved wrong. Yeah, well, you already knew the answer to that This is banter that they do on show. Look, I gotta keep it exciting. Yeah, we rehearse this right before we get on We didn't rehearse it Yeah, okay. What else? What else we got? I think I got there, right? Yeah number of Circuit Python guides on learn.adafruit.com 238 guides with over 1,962 pages Circuit Python videos on YouTube over 495 Circuit Python tagged videos on YouTube over 220 videos in the Python hardware video series This over 61. This is interesting The number one video on YouTube related to circuit Python is from Andreas and it's called time to say goodbye to Arduino and go Adafruit circuit Python 485,000 and now it's Andre's number one video really well half a million views. Yep, that's a lot newsletters subscribers to the Python newsletter Big news and we'll talk about that next week over 7,000 subscribers Yeah, you wanted to hit that. Yeah newsletters shipped in 2019. It was 52 and total so far 152 if you go to adafruit.com Sorry, if you're daily and you can check out all of them blog posts on adafruit.com with circuit Python 1,217 and I also linked up some Google Trends there. Well, that's a lot of stats. That's a lot of stats Stick around for the top secret portion of the show Or get it as a separate video because we're gonna be talking about the clue board This is our new micro bit shaped board that runs circuit Python. It's All the things you always wanted a micro bit and more by that soon Lego just release their Lego ev3 Program in Python. We talked about it wasn't live. Yeah, now it's live You can now use your ev3 brick to unleash the power of Python programming It was micro Python simply install the ev3 micro Python image on any SD card and boot up your ev3 bit to start programming Right away kind of cool cuz like one it's running Python 1 9. Yeah, and yeah, it's micro Python They like go decided. This is the way to go Okay, if you haven't seen it check out the recap from tested where they review a circuit playground and like a bunch about circuit Python We have a couple of guides that just came out circuit Python libraries and Jupyter notebook This is a sleeper hit I think for a lot of the things that our lady has been working on we can interact with sensors in real-time interactive Jupyter notebooks and Circuit Python libraries on any computer with mcp 222 2 2 2 2 1 Brent yeah, also been tuning into the twitters and One of the cool things is a lot of people are saying the things that when we first started do is we're like Oh, this is so cool because you can do so so easy and we're starting to see tweets and more Where people get this and this is from instant arcade I have to say I really impressed with Adafruit boards and we've gotten to the recently Circuit Python is a game-changer for rapid development and the Adafruit offering to just keep getting better and better Here's another example If you want to program on the go use Python on the go. This is the serpente This is an iPad and you can they this tweet says it better than we could my mobile development on embedded Systems with circuit Python using iOS makes a lot of fun. Thanks to serpente from Arturo So this is a board we don't make and so this is an ecosystem That's forming around all the goodness that you can do with Python and circuit Python so much goodness Next up This parent had a dollhouse and the dollhouse didn't have a light So they made a circuit Python circuit playground powered. Oh, that's nice light for dogs Okay, this is a pew pew. This is from deshipoo. You can sign up on tindi the pew pew m4 prototypes Good gonna be out soon got buttons got like a little buzzer there got a nice screen Case 36c3 chaos communication Congress 2019 is that we posted a link to all the videos and more and of course There's some Python on her. This is a Untitled goose Honk honk This is kind of nice. This is FOMO. This is the tiniest circuit Python possible if it's into the USB It's so tiny and it's running on an FPGA inside your USB port and yeah They're using teeny USB for the USB bootloader. Yep, and they also got circuit Python running in it So it's neat. This is a circuit Python powered hoodie This is an unofficial 36c3 badge using a feather and circuit Kind of like shapes kind of rounded shape I believe true posted this up from Osh Park and more this is Flex after dark and 0.88 millimeter purple versions of the Blinka PCB design by deshipoo There was a session there. You can use micro Python to hack these cool like keel amps. Yeah Yeah, that's a micro Python in the background. Yeah, micro Python on everything. Yeah, I thought that was cool and then See the Grove is working on this thermal camera project. Let's progress with that so you can see yeah They're doing it in circuit Python. Yeah Here is from steam Tokyo. They have amazing graphics. They did the circuit Python book Japanese edition and They have a ton of cool graphics that go with it So I wanted to add that to the roundup of news. I'll add more because I have a new year's graphic now with chicken lorry and also circuit background Our very own Philby made a Krampus snow globe where the fleas fall It's dirt. Yeah, the dirt and ashes of the Of the children that he eats or something. I don't know This is from the meetup that was recently. It's the Israel. Yeah, this is the Israel Circuit Python meetup. They did a simple Project to show how to play tunes from circuit Python including Jingle Bells and Hanukkah songs and They emailed to they said over half the attendees are women. So that's great That's this is what's happening with this Python on hard words bring. It's great for workshops. You can get started so fast The circuit Python face globe you shake it up This is the New York Sorry, the New York New Year's Eve dress Yeah, look, I saw the New York skyline. Yeah, and here's a city skate. Yeah, and here's a close. That's nice I like like I like how now all the lights are on it's kind of like. Yeah Okay, we'll see skate. This is a badge Yeah, Kevin made for a me D And yeah, it's a dog. That dog was kind of weird and sad Here is a lightsaber that has the holiday colors of Christmas. All right, cool for neopixling Sabering or Neopixling here is um live streaming through a Socket To show what's going on. Is this like wi-fi or bluetooth or usb. I think it's usb. Yeah, okay, and this is Another example of how you can use this very cool component Part that lady made where you can kind of attack anything And start yeah, this is this is neat. This is an ft 232 h and they used Circuit python they used because they compute connected their computer And it's like how do you do gpio toggling to make this like little santa dance thing? It was a very simple, you know bit bang protocol But like, you know, it's very hard to do gpio from the computer without A little hardware addition So that's why I like the ft 232 h and the mcp 2221 because it's like their low cost And if you're a native python programmer, you like python you don't have to get a mic controller involved And also for stuff like timings like this where you're just you have to tweak the numbers constantly It just makes the iteration cycle much faster And from mr. Beese and discord This is the android version of Bluefruit playground. Yay It looks yeah, they got we gave them the assets and they're they're basically Reporting the code over um to androids. No, our blue fruit playground. Has not even been out a month yet So it's exciting to see Already community member cooking up an android version for all the android users out there And that's python on hardware news this week. Yay blinka


today I'm going to be talking a little bit about aortic stenosis and this is going to be a pretty heavy technical talk so pour a nice glass of coffee and it'll help you get through this.  So the first part of diagnosis of aortic stenosis is morphological. So in this picture's videos here you have a short axis aortic valve on the left hand side and the right hand side you have a color comparator. It's neat to note here that actually the effect of killer comparator has on your on your frame rate. It drops from 103, but it's all the way down to 29. So when you're doing the morphological insemination of aortic stenosis you're basically looking at four things. You're looking at the number of leaflets, the mobility of the leaflets, the thickness and the calcification. One, based on the two major types of triplacid aortic stenosis would be calcific and rheumatic. So how do you tell the difference between those two? Well it's quite, oops sir, it's quite easy. Rheumatic disease is typically evolving the commissures and you end up having a triangular orifice. While the calcific disease you have calcification at the basis and in the central parts and and consequently you get more of a stelae orifice. The other thing that's a little hint if you have rheumatic versus calcific disease is that with rheumatic disease you typically have a mitral valve involvement. Another concept you read about a lot of times is aortic sclerosis. I actually really didn't know what that entirely meant, but the definition of aortic sclerosis is a calcified thickened valve with normal leaflet motion and typically at velocities less than 2.5 meters per second. So continuing on to this example and back to that previous image. So what does this valve look like? Is rheumatic is a calcific? Well from my appearance it looks like it has three leaflets. They're not moving very well and it kind of it's hard to appreciate here. It looks more like a stelae like appearance. So this is a calcific disease and if we went and looked a little bit further there's no good common in mitral valve disease. So continuing on with the investigations this is a short axis I mean long axis aortic valve again with color compare and what you see is a heavily calcified valve and again you'll see some shadowing distal to the aortic valve or a deeper than the aortic valve and then there's a little bit of AI probably mild AI and I'm not going to go into that because we had three talks on AI already today. Continuing on on the left hand side it's a lv. It's thickened it's contracting nicely probably grade one lv. We did diastole genus we probably have a least impaired diastolic dysfunction and on the right hand side there's a double envelope conuti equation performed and we come up with a pretty significant aortic stenosis around 0.46 square. So for the next part of this talk I'm going to talk more about grading the severity of the aortic stenosis. So you morphologically it looks like yes but now how severe is the anus? So the guidelines break there's a nice table of the 2017 guidelines breaking down how to grade anus there are in the tables divided in yellow part section and green section and a blue section and we're going to focus on the yellow section and that's our recommendations for Doppler for all patients with AS. I'm going to talk about one of the reasonable ones later on in the talk so keep that in mind. So again there's and you can look at assessed age as jet velocity mean gradients and the conute equation by area. So let's start with the first AS jet velocity. So what is the what is the best jet velocity obtained? Well according to the guidelines it's the highest velocity signal obtained from any window. Again this is typically going to be obtained in your deep transcaster view. The main components of this are you basically want to optimize your window you want to make it as large as possible increase your y-axis use gray scale. One thing people make a mistake about many times is picking up these fine linear lines at the apex of the curve or the peak of the curve you want to eliminate those those fine linear signals. You need to make sure your Doppler is parallel to the intercept angle and that's basically based on the Doppler equation with your cosine theta. If you are under 15 degrees you're probably okay it's probably going to result in an error less than 5% or underestimate of your peak velocity through the order problem. If you have a situation where you have any irregular rhythm such as atrial population which is pretty prominent with patients with chronic neural stenosis then you want to look at several cycles and the guidelines recommend five. But again you're going to still pick your highest peak velocity from any of these windows. Continuing on like we talked about velocities you can also look at mean gradients. So again gradients are calculated from the velocity information but peak gradient is not really it's not obtained similar in the same manner as mean gradients. So peak velocity is basically equivalent to the peak gradients 4v squared per the Bernoulli's equation. Mean velocity you can't be graded you cannot calculate from the mean velocity that you obtain from the from the mean velocity. What you the actual machine actually does is averages the instantaneous gradients across the ejection period and again applies the simplified Bernoulli's equation. You need to keep in mind that the Bernoulli's the simplified Bernoulli's equation is not valid if your velocities through the order valve are less than 3 meters per second or more particular in our populations when the velocities are are greater than 1.5 meters per second through the LVOT. And again it's as if for example if you have a velocity of 2 through the LVOT 2 times 2 square times 4 is 16. So that's going to have a huge effect on your pressure gradient. So if that's the case then you probably can't use gradients like I guess it's a case where you'd have a high LVOT gradient would be a patient with suba or stenosis. So if you have a patient with suba or stenosis with a high gradient or a high velocity through the LVOT then you can't use your mean gradients and at that point there the best option would be to do telemetry of the valve. So continue on with mean gradients. This these two images confused me for a long time but reality is echo overestimates the gradients with cath and it does this by two ways. With traditional cath one would calculate the peak to peak gradient and how they how does the cardiologist do that they put a catheter into the LV the measure gradient pull that through the aortic valve into the aura measure that gradient and subtract and that will give you a peak to peak gradients. Initially with a technology they would do that at different time time frames because you can't measure both at the same time. New and more advanced catheters they actually measure at the same time because it has two offices one in the LV and one in the aura. And actually after talking to Dr. Austin a bit about this he says that the peak to peak gradient when it's measured at the same time at both locations actually very similar to your mean gradients. Looking at pressure recovery again I get a complicated issue but what happens is when you have a blood volume going through the LVOT you have a high potential energy and low kinetic energy or low glossies. As you go through the aortic valve your glossies increasing your potential energy decreases and as you exit the office it occurs. However as you exit you lose some of the energy via heat and this is more pronounced in patients with and this is the heat loss is more pronounced in turbulent flow which occurs in patients with large aortic. So the net so basically in a patient with a small aorta there's less laminar flow there's more pressure recovery and at the net result is that echo over estimates gradients. Again there's like all my references those references are actually pretty good at reviewing these concepts in further detail. Continuing on to the last component of assessing the severity of AS is the cotton unit equation. We're all pretty familiar about this but basically you calculate the stroke volume in the LVOT. If you get the peak AV VTI you can solve for AVA and there's several assumptions when you use the cotton equation and I'm going to go through some of these assumptions that make this more challenging. So the first question is what assumption in the cotton unit equation results in the greatest error? So again I'm probably giving away this answer in the test at the end but the cross-sectional area of the LVOT is the most challenging measurement for the cotton unit equation. This is a study looking to compare in 2D versus 3D with diameters and also doing direct measurements of the 3D area using telemetry. And what you can see here is small changes in your radius has quite a big effect on your aortic valve area. In the top one you have classical severe AS and with a modification of that you can put it into more of the moderate range. Though it actually is fairly similar at that point. The reason why the LVOT is very sensitive it's fairly obvious but you square the radius. So that is one of the major sensitivities of with the LVOT measurement. The other sensitivity is the assumption that the LVOT is a cylinder. And as you can see in the diagram C the LVOT has a minor and a major axis. The minor axis is an AP axis while the major axis is a medial lateral. So it's more of a elliptical shape rather than a cylinder. And if you apply the assumption that pi r square which is a circle this is going to lead to some error. So they actually recommend now if you can obtain it is to do a 3D plenitry of the LVOT area to try to minimize that error and to improve reproducibility between observers. Moving on I think this actually was brought up earlier in the talk is where is the correct place to place the sample volume of the LVOT. What the guidelines recommend is that you put your pulse wave Doppler at the aortic valve orifice and slowly pull it backwards towards the LVOT. And then you pick the curve with minimal brautting and a closing click of the valve. If you're too close to the AV valve you're going to have an overestimate of the peak velocity. And again if you're too far away you're going to have an underestimate. It's also a little bit challenging. You want to do a place your sample volume at the exact same level where you measured your LVOT area. So you have to keep that in mind when I try to keep that as close as possible. Moving on other limitations of the continuity equation you can failure to obtain your peak velocity. We again we already talked that cosine theta will really under change abrupt large angles from parallel will cause underestimate of your velocities. But then you throw it into the equation then you're swearing it so the error becomes more pronounced. Differential flows. So in reality for the orycinosis the major problem would be pair members VSTs. Thankfully that's not very common.  And some of the stroke volume leads through the pair members member VST. In the other one the rest of it travels through the orycinol. And because you lose some of that mass you get over an estimate of the ABA. Another common problem with the con equation is you measure the raw Doppler signal. When you're in the deep trans gaster view you have flow from the mitral. If you have regurgitation you'll have flow directed towards the the aquaprope and then you have your AS jet. And they could be they could be mistaken. The best way to do that is to look at diastology and systology and use your isovalentic contraction time and your isovalent relaxing time to your advantage to help distinguish between the two jets. So you plug in and measure the most appropriate envelope. Two more of limitations would be a low cardiac open state. And what happens here is you have a non-anatomically non-stonotic valve. But because of low flow the valve can open fully. So that leads to and affects your effective orifice area that you calculate through the cognitive equation. And last but not least is prosthetic valves can cause underestimate underestimate of the EAL. And you should basically reference your results with the manufacturer normal values. So we'll continue on with the the presentation. So this is post op. And what you see here in a post op images is a arthrocytic valve. What you're looking for is rocking. You want to make sure the valve is well seated. You want to look for transvalvator and parabola release. And again this all looks very normal. Looking at long axis again you're seeing the same thing. So there's no leaks and there's no and everything appears to be open and closing well. And to finish off the investigations post op you want to do a gradient through the valve. Actually by these my presentation I can't see the side of it but I think the mean gradient is forward but I am going by memory here. But again it's a normal gradient across the bottom prosthetic valve. So we're going to move on to case number two. I can't feel my face when I'm with you but I love it by the weekends. And it's basically a 30 year old male resents to the emergency department with symptoms of left facial numbness and slurred speech. Similar to the last gentleman, a pathological history of diabetes, hypertension and this gentleman has palpitations. Again goes to the hospital TGH gets a million tests and he's found to have a oresthenosis poor LV function in atrial fibrillation. This is his first pre op image of his LV. So it's a pretty poor LV function. We graded it at a grade three LV. Some LVH and some dilatation. Probably significant dilatation. Going into the long axis of the aortic valve. This kind of looks kind of weird. It's very heavily calcified. It appears to be stenotic and there's a high jet velocity exiting the aortic valve. So this is suspicious. Could this be like hospital valve? We'll continue on. So now we're looking at the aortic valve in short axis. And this is a very, again, very tight valve. And again, does anybody know what kind of valve this is? Again, so hard with the interaction here. But this would be what Omron talked about earlier in his presentation. This is a unique hospital valve. Extremely rare. Both 5% of the patients who come into the aurora would have that if they have AS. But in the population, it's closer to 0.02%. And again, it can have one commissure. It could be eight commissure. And again, people with a unique hospital valve typically present early life with a aortic stenosis. And it's also associated with dilatation of the earlobe. Then going on to the right hand side, we see some pressure gradients. We see a peak gradient of 40. And if you trace that curve out, you get a mean gradient of 20. So we have a bad LV. We have something here stenotic, but we might have a mean gradient of 20. So that doesn't fit the idea that this patient has severe AS. So this is when you have to go back to the guidelines. This is probably more advanced than we need to get into, because we're a perioperative echocardiographers. We usually see our patients in the aurora. And hopefully, this has been determined before we come into aurora. And a matter of fact, in order to do the final steps of this algorithm or this approach, you need to do a dopamine echo, which again, we would not do in the operating. So basically, to summarize this grading of AS, there's basically two columns. I'm going to move through it quickly. You have a typical high gradient of AS with a peak, a mean gradient greater than 40, a peak velocity greater than four. And the only thing you need to exclude is whether this is a high flow status. Examples of that would be anemia hyperthyroidism. And what they recommend the guidelines is fix it and then reassess. And then if you're going on to the left hand side, this is your low gradient AS with a gradient less than 40, or mean gradient less than 40, which is what we were I was showing in the previous slide. You look at the ADA by the continuity equation, calculate or a preliminary, calculate that area.  If you get to a point where you have a low EF, which is around step six, then you do a dopamine study. And if the dopamine study causes your area to increase over one, you have pseudo, if it stays under one, you have truce of your stenosis. This is the only aspect of the assessment of your stenosis that doesn't use echo. I kind of alluded to have mentioned before, but the assessment of your stenosis is now an entirely echo-based assessment rather than other modalities. The only exception would be the calcium score by CT, which is used to integrate it to be able to help delineate some classifications of ADS. I'm going to skip this slide, but it's basically summarizing what I just did before using the dopamine stress test. And the last part of the talk is how many gradients or velocity measurements needed to be made, a need to be averaged with atrial fibrillation. The guidelines recommend five averaging of the, of the velocity gradients. One, because you get beat to beat variation, so your loading conditions are going to change beat to beat to beat. So that's going to have a profound effect on your, on your continuity equation. One other way to get around that would be to do a double envelope, which I'm showing in the middle here. If you do a double envelope, you're actually capturing your, your velocities at the same time at the same beat. So that would limit some of your beat to beat variability. And you can actually just directly apply that to the velocity ratio. I think Azad spoke about that earlier. And if you have a, I think Azad did or maybe not, but if you have a velocity ratio of less than 0.25, that'd be indicative of severe AS. And just to finish off the images, this is post-op. So the gentleman went underwind of our platonic valve, again, similar to what we talked about before, a good function. All leaflets are working. On these images, there's no leak. There's a lot of acoustic shadow beneath the valve. And this is our deep trans-scaster view. There is a little leak. This is probably a normal jet with the mechanical valve. And we get a nice mean gradient of four. So again, another successful story or successful valve replacement. And that ends my presentation. Thank you for your attention.


Welcome back everyone to Investor Intel. I'm Peter Clossey today. We have a new topic with an old friend Let's say hi to Christopher from Hull Garten and Co a world-renowned metal strategist. How are you sir? I'm very well. Thanks. I haven't talked to you for a couple of months. How you doing mr. Eccleston? I'm fine. I'm just we're just coming out of lockdown here rather than going into it like you are Okay, so today we have a new topic, which is tin. I'll tell you what I know about tin global shortage after World War one Global expiration then there was a surplus of tin and I've lost track since so over to you sir Tell us about tin. Um, well, what happened tins tins interesting where it's it's a metal that had an officially sanctioned hoarding campaign Where the international tin association built up a phenomenal stock in the 80s and It found it couldn't sell it and so the tin price collapsed and the tin price in you know Inflation adjusted terms has never recovered to the levels that it was back in the 1980s um And because of that, um, there's been an underinvestment um, most of the tin That's not coming out of china is actually a luvial tin. Um, so it comes from a big alluvial deposits in indonesia and malaysia and um, those deposits are easy to mine But the trouble is one it's pretty environmentally destructive But two they've been doing it for a hundred years and so they're running out of resources So now um, mine is being forced back to hard rock tin And um with a few exceptions most tin deposits are under one percent So you've got to move a lot of rock To get um that one percent. Okay. So Do we still have a shortage of tin in the world? Oh, absolutely. Uh, because what's happening as I said is that the alluvial deposits have Uh, you know getting phased out because they've been over exploited And then you've got the problem that uh, the tin price has been Not low, but it's been lower than it's been Uh, a good reason to go out there and look for it. And so, um for most of the last 10 years um There has been virtually no new production brought on Accepting for the company that we're going to talk about today And uh, that company is blessed with um a uh, a pretty great grade Which is between three and four percent. So it's three or four times the Sort of best you could hope for most other deposits. So that's a big kicker for them Right. So then let's talk about alpha min resources, which is a company new to me Yeah, alpha min is very interesting in that I was thinking the other day that in fact because of this big crash that happened in the In the 80s in the tin market due to the the failed attempt to corner the market There has not been another new tin major in the world Since the 1970s. So for 50 years there has not been a new tin major and um alpha min, even though it's only producing four to five percent of the global supply of tin um Is does definitely quantify as a major because um, there are very few companies Outside of china that are producing that amount and if they are have been producing that amount They're actually in decline. You know, there's there's companies like minsoor which operates in Bolivia and uh, brazil and then there are these various operators in indonesia and malaysia That are in decline, but uh five percent definitely makes you a major in the in the tin space So how long did it take for them to get that mine into production? Um, well actually building it has been A task that's taken them three or four years But the travails went on a lot longer as we know, um the drc, which is where they are located has been um to varying extents a conflict zone for the last 20 30 well in fact back to the 19 back to the 1960s or 1950s. I would even go back to sing leopold Yeah, no, exactly. So um, uh, but you know that the conflicts in the drc is enormous um, and uh the conflicts in in the drc move around um, and people regard it as mon uh, you know, it's all conflicted in many parts aren't and so the area where Alpha minis um in their mine, which is called bc is up in the northeast of the country Are near the border with uh, rwanda Uganda up the up the top most of the conflict these days is uh much lower down in the country But in 2015 their mind was very brief for what their project because it wasn't really built that day time Was invaded by uh guerrillas um Not the furry kite But uh, the the gun toting kind and they were in possession of the site for a few weeks and then departed But that you know colored perceptions for a while tin is on the um The list of conflict minerals of dodds frank Um, I don't know. Dodd frank has died the death or not. Um, but I think it did but um the conflict mineral View still rains and it is one of the five conflict minerals Mainly because of the fact that it was exploited in the drc by some of these rebel groups But you know when they invaded the site, um, bc had been a um an artisanal You know covered with hundreds of locals, you know, just digging a little pits and and ripping some material high-grade material out of the ground um It wasn't mine at that stage. It's only been since um, they've asked the rebels and Got things back in order that the mine has really advanced and it began production in the second half of 2019 So Usually when a mine starts up, you have hiccups You're burning through cash and after a couple of years you start to generate free cash. Are we there yet? Yes, we are That happened really in the second half of last year the first As you said the first few months had some hiccups because they had a bridge that got washed away And with infrastructure in these countries being very, you know, tenuous at best Um, there was only one bridge that could get their product out, but they got the bridge fixed And uh, so, you know, they had a period where they had would they were producing but they weren't actually selling So with piling up, but then, you know, eventually you clear the material out They had big rains at one point last year, you know, welcome to the tropics where they are Um, so, you know, they've dealt with all those issues. Uh, now it's stabilized. They've got their um their product Storming out the door because of the enormous demand and we haven't actually spoken about the tin price Um, because the tin price hit nearly 13 000 in the first weeks of um the pandemic last year It is now knocking on 26 000 pounds. It has actually got past 26 000 26 000 per ton. Yeah us dollars and um In fact in the last few months there have been trades done In a severely depleted a spot market at over 30 000 a ton Does it treat futures or all spot like uranium? Uh, no, it's both. It's both It's one of the metals that's been traded on the alamea since the alamea was found at 150 years ago Um, it has always been a traded metal. So there's no sort of smoke and mirrors to it Uh, what happened was in the last few months Due to shipping problems reduced chinese production reduced non chinese production um, uh, the warehouses uh of the big exchanges were totally depleted There was nothing there. There were a couple of days worth of metal and um parties were desperate for the metal And as we've heard um, you know in the auto industry, you know, we've heard about problems in semiconductor supply You know, who knows where the part of the problem in the semiconductor supply Was actually coming from the tin space Because you know for for semiconductor producers They can afford to pay up if they need a metal and they need it need it now There's no haggling involved. They said we need it. We'll pay 30 000 to get it for the soldering process so um The metal has doubled in price and that has been a mighty tailwind behind um, alpha minns earnings So while it's got a full year of earnings behind it now, um in 2020 where it made a small loss Um, we're expecting it to be making over 60 million dollars a year At the bottom line after minorities that that estimate in fact is based upon 23 000 a ton in our model Um, and the price is now 3000 higher. So most of that extra 3000 um It goes straight to the bottom line. So who knows where that wouldn't be? 75 million 80 million um from that much higher price So chris, I thank you for your time educating me on tin introducing me to alpha min I'll do my own research Uh, and as far as I can tell you are the first brave analyst To actually put out a report on this company. So good for you. Thank you Chris Eccleston metal strategist from hulgarten and co. Thank you for your time, sir Peter he was signing off be safe