What's going on everyone? Sam here with latent sports cards rippin 21 22 panini mosaic basketball hobby 12 box full case break number two tiered random team style here's a look again at your random results as always you can find these on the website under the results tab as well as the link that's currently in chat so good luck again everybody see what we've got here yeah need to fill up illusions both breaks got five to go on the next one all teams are on sale that are still available as well so a couple of really good deals there as well as i believe we have 12 to go in the following illusions break again all teams are on sale there so if you're interested in joining some brand new illusions just came out on wednesday check it on out link is in chat currently for that here we go got mosaic santi aldama red kade nice one there for the pistons stuff yeah not a bad random at all nicholas calves and heat pretty solid for sure because you got lebron heat stuff then obviously you're chasing mobley and lebron cab stuff too now i think about it io desu mood is going to be our first auto go to the bowls congrats on that kevinas nice one there buddy silver or dairies garland red jeremy grant cominga starting five for the warriors nice one there on the mosaic always going to be three base on the back as well people are all numbered in autos uh just any like deep like decent player numbered um yeah all out oh yeah for sure it's okay sir silver denny abdia yeah good good uh red keldin johnson i'm not gonna make you do that thank you one of the three boxers it's you know you get like yeah you get one two three autos or four autos or whatever it is yeah the anthony melton red alfred shengun uh moments in time is tim duncan i'm gonna burn this whole box of uh oh for sure yeah absolutely and you're probably burning an entire fit box of 50s on what's it called kate cunningham national pride yeah frans uh rj hampton here we're gonna look at the magic game stare masters fred ben bleath to france no uh really how many what was it played well i said no he was on the bench oh oh oh gotcha like he had been in the g league i'm pretty sure yeah i'm most glad to assume so but i was surprised to see him on the bench as well as i am red marvin bagley the rebates on the back use of nerfage red devin the sell uh kevin errant stare masters mosaic got a sneeze thank you jeez katelyn green debut uh kcp red lebron nice one there for the uh lakers uh introductions kate cunningham rookie bomba silver komingo rookie uh blue kory kispert debut to 99 for the wizards nice one there mark on the tier two hit that's overdrive alphonse chen newne mosaic kate baser p boba marjanovich introductions davion michel mosaic blake's boy julius randall see now you can see why i don't like julius randallie's annoying kate julian yeah he's super annoying super annoying dude he dropped 37 just wait until if they made if they buy a some chance our play in team the next just and they play the sell takes in the first round you have nothing to worry about because julius randall disappears for playoffs really yeah this was awful like the year that the year that the uh hawks played the next like the year the hawks went to the eastern conference finals like the hawks one game one and then the next one game two and everyone's like oh oh nixon five nixon five and then we won three straight and julius randall was like a probably like a net negative ebb and mobley national pride he's so bad debut josh giddy like he's pathetically bad in the playoffs kaminga on the um mosaic red josh hart stair master stef pat bev kate baser rookie there's the mantis sabonis uh cam reddish another guy can't stand base nicolay yokich college basketball so i'm assuming you're a virginia fan then so by the way i've said i love me some deandre hunter virginia cavaliere legend i know i'm sure you love yeah yeah yep i was gonna say i loved i love deandre hunter he's not like a great not great on offense great perimeter defender silver jaylon brunson red rudy gay yokich there's clay thompson swagger he was on that virginia dash jimmy jimmy right yep him like him kyle guy um who else was there i'm missing one other probably big one right wahoo's kyle guy hunter i had a couple other big names too um guy might not have been there at that point he might have been drafted already silver mpj red lamarkis olja tajarum tajarum that's who it was yes tajarum tajarum's good i like tajarum oh guy was oh good there's nice john and kaminga on the autograph now going out to the warriors marvin that's on the uh kaminga silver josh giddy uh white kenyon martin jr 225 nice one there for the uh rockets tatum straight fire kawaii Leonard malcom brognan in college uniforms to your basketball pc he was he's gotta be a virginia legend for sure because he was there all four years right he came out as a senior was jaylen green and evan mogley because he was like an older rookie he was like what 23 year old rookie or whatever it was how come brognan went to virginia dang there in fox red jaylen sucks there's montage is luke donchich yeah he was he was a baller in college too he's a stud he's been a great mba player too fantastic mba player i like him yeah like he's just one guy like if your team goes out and gets malcom brognan it's like in an instant improve yeah you know what i mean jaylen sucks red amp man second year or third no second year uh debon booker bobby portis red luke donchich rising stars franz vagner uh national pride jaylen green jaylen sucks debut let's go for it yeah silver kairi red myles mc bride oh yeah you gotta mentally prepare for it i always mentally like when i see it the night before i always mentally prepare for like the big full casers silver chris paul all mba blue yuda watanabe going to 99 going to the raptors go such a beast uh introductions giddy base dude i couldn't believe joel indeed wasn't an all star starter who started over him there's gone in illusions saint's gone in illusions tell you all five of the stars no you don't have to i was just curious you know why five to go still guess uh for the east i'm assuming all right let me guess if i can guess the east or is it just all star starters in general it's you get what one for east and west right starting five for east uh mark you've got the lakers and the wizards lakers and wizards so you pulled a uh kispert blue so far biggest names left off job yeah no problem mark the east i'm assuming it's obviously tatum um i know the west fairly well i know like xion starting in the west lebron obviously zach mavine red patrick williams uh erin gordon moments in time uh let me think so the east definitely tatum and yannis for sure uh jailing green red rookie debut for the rockets down of a mitral stair masters primo lebron moody um god i'm trying to think of like levine no i'm trying to think of these names are no la mella obviously santi aldama butler nope uh nice blue tatum three out of 99 nice one there for the seas starting five hornets yeah kd so i have kd yannis and and tatum kd yannis tatum two guards two guards tickle yokech yokech i'm assuming is starting out in the west so it's what curry yokech zion um lebron jordan clarkson jason tatum big name big name huge in the west what uh dame no guard is there is a four guard there's christ warte nice one there oh luka obviously duh nice one there for the pacers that's going to andrew are very nice autos so far so we're down a little bit white yannis there we go 25 of 25 go into the box kevin s congrats buddy yeah right so what am i missing in the east just guards uh john marant overdrive silver roco red day ron sharp rookie day ron sharp the harrickson barnes there london ball like trey's not starting with simon come on lindsay what no okay cunning hand introductions now kairi didn't play enough yeah scotty barnes he's starting that's a joke that's such a joke no so no butler right obviously you said no butler nobody in the some of magic this is probably the last person to get in manual quickly montrez harrell it could be just because of one game oh dominichel right yeah giddy sedique bay nice one there no i'd say he should get in over kairi dominichel yeah oh yeah i agree with that pretty sure he was bones island giddy come and get stuff curry well i mean who are you gonna start like what are you who are you gonna start job or in the west like it's kind of difficult would you say the other big name left oh i'm bead yeah instead of what's up mojo silver what's up mohammed do you watch your break from last night or two nights ago montae morris uh there's a motley base rookie feeling sucks um wait who's this who's the starting center technically in the east is it honest yeah all right so we got like a triple case on the fly giants and spectra rip on youtube let me drop you guys the link again two illusions again just a few to go and guys they are all on sale as well so check it on out he thinks i am just starting in the west too it's pretty good did he miss some of the stuff beginning of the season yeah but i'm going to sort of kairi and sort of kd yeah kd's not even playing right now i mean i'm not really advocating for any of those three to be starting i mean and either of those two to be starting uh window carter jr going to the magic on the auto like it kind of blows my mind to draw on me yeah tim hardaway jr on the pink to a 49 for the mavericks straight fire jamarant the best ability is availability yep agreed that's kade conningham base rookie introductions jalen sucks now i kind of agree with that nicholas to be 100 honest with you i do kind of agree with that because he's like a troll that's why there's stef curry al-horford you don't like him unless you're a sixer right lebron james montage i really don't have much like i see what i know why like my body is a huge celtik's fan i i so like yeah and i think all celtik's fans despise the sixers for sure i don't really have anything against the sixers to be honest there's a silver kd blue yannis going for that rainbow now two out of 99 very nice congrats again to kevin uh yeah there should be personal uh personal spots left for today that being said if i was a sixer fan joe and b would be my favorite player by far and away and i would literally talk about him all the time yeah that'd be like me with joe burrow if he was a raven 100% yeah jalen green chris paul silver dairies basically it's white howard yeah dude mohammed a few days ago had a crazy personal yeah i don't hear it um we ended up hitting a um what was it a there's an orange shimmer mason hour auto there's national pride kade franz vagner rookie we hit a uh joe burrow hollow heroes case hit out of illusions manual quickly jalen green auto to 49 out of optic we hit like a big soccer card too was that the other one because you had a couple of sockers it was six box three soccer and then optic illusions and bowman chrome jalen green rookie i think what the other big one was mohammed what was the other big card in there oh boy here comes shawn silver quiet Leonard red alfred shengun you guys just five teams to go in the next break uh which is football shawn trashed unreal lani walker red keldin johnson montage shagel just alexander jalen green rookie silver lucah all nbi red bunny healed 75th anniversary there's a stained glass lebron very nice going to the lakers there you go mark congrats buddy nice lebron stained glass got about four more of those coming our way in this case uh blake yes blake today oh oh no i was just saying who's with me you got it mark no problem buddy patriot's gone thank you glenn appreciate you buddy we're down to four to go now uh cardinals browns colts titans cardinals browns colts and titans what's for lunch sounds good what am i missing something there yeah mosaic kind of fire there's your sam squanch i like that funny shallow park boys harry tolerton red marvin bagley introductions josh giddy kade rookie all nba was quiet Leonard behind that face shawn's a bot dude shawn's such a npc silver xyre williams got a blue rayjon rondo for the cabs 44 out of 99 cabs legend rayjon rondo that is that's probably the best rayjon rondo right there squatty bonds cam tongs red trey murphy nice one there that's uh john rent you carry is what's is you carry is is i carry is every time is you carry is what that's jaylon brunson for the maps nice one there on the autographs mix in a water shawn it's only 1257 dude mix in a water there's chris tops for zingas jaylon green introductions rookie uh swagger clay thompson mosaic and base can we all just get along absolutely not in this chat taylor no way this chat lives on hostility silver josh hart red john collins evan mogley hung over like a big dog i'm packing on the vagna red malkin brogdon base scary how much of a bot he is they put him in bot lobbies in fortnite moses moody red uh rising stars is uh zion max for staffing thanks for stopping so wait till you're here top loading a funcadelic man and illusions at some point shawn jared butler there's bogdan begdanovich pink to 49 for the hawks 40 of 49 we had a pretty classic donnie quote came up on uh there's jaylon green on uh Wednesday night we had a really good donnie quote donnie yeah what do you say is donnie's top loading i went uh yeah i'll show you terry roger kate conningham red nice one there uh straight fire kawai i went like this i looked at my funcadelic man and he goes get your hand out of my face get your hand out of my face that's what it was lori mark and then what night was that zion williamson that was probably deep into the 10 or 11 and that was probably like the third kate break we did of it so it was already really old and really annoying so it it like got gotten past the part where it was like oh that's new and kind of funny the point where it's like stop doing that and goes get your hand out of my face that's a good one that's a good one man falcons gone in the next illusions get rid of some of these emails uh so we're down to again just a four to go all teams are on sale go all teams on sale on ale whoops but nothing will beat with like we're doing the the happy birthday nonsense scotty barns and someone said started saying hop happy birthday donnie and he goes what's my present and i'm like i've got a bunch of stuff to have a good day see you later shawn cool anthony and i go he's like oh it's my birthday what's my present i'm like oh you get to topple it for me tonight let's your present he goes it's the worst present i've ever gotten he's like i'd rather have no presents than get that i'm like that's kind of true kade conningham rookie nate archibald nice one there for the celtics congrats there sander k with boston tiny archibald silver or dame all nba jerry butler red rookies their masters clay a straight fire jaylon suggs mosaic for the magic base on the back randoms to do for the rest of the night just good to rest of the day silver oven mobly nice one there there you go um uh who is that nick less there you go buddy red kevin herder he's so good did i miss him so much i forget which one that is true holiday red kcp introductions evin mobly mosaic calves halfway there halfway there that was funny silver kenyon martin blue use of nerkitsch that is two ninety nine thirty seven of ninety nine for the blazers what's up manny big nerdy oh yeah got some coffee oh boy oh boy rudy gobert red cominga rookie for the warriors rising stars scotty barnes geezer third cup evin oh no what's going on in this chat right now man i need some i need some caffeine of some sort too i only brought i'd dogged my red bullet like nine a.m. airs xire williams jaw red uh jaw moments in time mosaic dog my red bullet like nine a.m. i don't have any other caffeine in the entire shop i see my caffeine for right before i'm about to go pitch in the game smart evin mobly rookie on top silver villain brooks it's also a dame all right um giddy there's a dame in the lord 18 out of 49 pink for the blazers nice one there portland god for the jets cards i won't get kade base rookie silver trez josh giddy bros swagger lebron moses moody uh mosaic spencer denwitty red stair masters of um zack levine for the bolts base i think levine gets traded at some point yeah one of them's gotta go they don't get a long yeah wait who him and the coach no uh monzo demar yeah demar oh demar yeah and guys just four teams to go in the next break uh that is illusions football he's he's gotta go to local restaurants and uh hate on what people order that's where his his tasks for the day are today cruisers gone i can see that trade it would be a trade pht robert covington montage col anthony it's christopher silver rookie for the rockets blue miles mcbride uh for the next 90 out of 99 nice one there it's kade franz d-wade noncy morris the mantis sabonis red for the kings uh zack levine stair masters kade rookie cam thomas and cory kispert silver tyrese maxi red billon brooks silver harrison barnes red is mccall bridges jaylon green base rookie ron and davion uh xire williams rookie auto going to the grizzlies nice one there ben l with memphis bunch of rookie autos which is nice silver levine red jeremiah robinson erl for the thunder uh stained glass kevin durant nice one there for the next brooklyn is ben ellon the tier two hit take that just giddy mosaic rookie red chris thwartz a rookie for the pacers uh rising stars scotty barnes kispert and shen yun are you gonna be your rookies kevin basal red kade nice one there job are it what with the tub christ paul all nba for the suns uh red mckeele alexander walker uh introductions ebb and mobley uh is not numbered highland mobley debu dame olenek silver dandy green red straight fire uh yeah straight fire ebb and mobley mosaic and base gonna be a triple baby oh yeah absolutely and guys just four to go on the next break cardinals browns colts and titans uh shan shan's really been uh impressed with your uh restaurant recommendations i have to say for us there was a skinny stained glass in there yeah ebb and mobley josh giddy ebb and mobley mosaic red t jen mcconnell snare masters rudy gobert the butler silver there's a pink luke garza hawkeye legend of 49 to the pistons timberwolves legend now donovan mitchell nba pride red trey introductions kaminga montage debontus sabonis gotta get illusions filled up if we want to keep on going everybody there is just four teams to go titans are the one highlighting that you're obviously gonna be looking for malik red anthony edwards malik willis overdrive lebron james allen green ebb and mobley this is my strategy last time shan holmes red lebron nice one there all nba john marant scottie barnes rookie nick clackston nice one there for the nets going to ben ellen tier two hit nice clackston silver kawaii starting five for the wizards jaylen green ebb and mobley it's up jay how you doing buddy hope you have a great day as well man silver john mcconnell red trey young trey young moments in time kawaii Leonard mosaic red kate cunningham rookie rising stars john marant scottie barnes national pride there's basely red immanuel quickly moments in time larry silver you to watanabe uh blue sneak bay to 99 for the pistons 28 out of 99 scottie barnes introduction and base titans are gone thank you steven we're down to just three to go just the cardinals browns and colts all of those teams are on sale all of those are on sale thank you there steven are for taking uh the uh titans gotta pull you in the leap man cardinals looking for trey mcbride kyler's got some stuff in there too a couple other vets uh browns you're looking for mostly vets as well as david belgerome ford and then colts got all kinds of different guides in there alec pierce being their main rookie chase but a bunch of vets there as well luke garza red rajon rondo fred van vleet stair masters painting to get the titans as a jagsman john marant silver marcus more senior uh gold stair masters step curry there you go warriors marvin n congrats on that buddy nasty curry on the color match as well sondra the quick two blue pj talker for the heat 299 kevin torrance their masters no bleep national pride on the back silver hamadoo diallo red kade cunningham starting five for the bucks nice redemption kade cunningham there we go pistons detroit is henrik j congrats buddy it's been a great case man great case nice uh kade redemption congrats on that buddy we'll take that go into the pistons can you composite silver red marcus smart uh overdrive jail and sugs for the magic josh giddy rookie on the debut oh they have an all nba card for julius randal all nba what all nba disappointing playoff performances all nba overrated plenty of ways you can go that way jordan norah there's white iota sunmu there you go bowls three out of 25 all nba lease condition there you go kevin ask congrats on that buddy you get out throw the um the sunmu in the recap introductions davion all nba stinks grace and alan day ron shark stef curry stef curry i'll never see stef curry and not imagine jake that's exactly what i'm thinking silver stef curry there's a kade cunningham 75th anniversary there's josh christopher rookie ruptions case hit going to the rocket it's nice one there congrats uh houston a little bit of schmeck on that i'll have blake try to wipe it down and then uh we'll send an empty box and wrappers just to be safe if sorting and shipping if you guys are what if you have this up on the tv ready this is jake when the stef curry was hit and sure it tasted like a four force meat it must have honestly needs help man needs help serious help evan fornia red kelly ubra uh devin booker moments in time for the sun's mosaic tray murphy uh look at jake silver jaylen chousen red dunkin robinson jaylen green and evan mobley dw taking a triple case spot thank you uh dw 3979 guys you got nine to go in the one after but we are looking to fill up this right here just three teams left relatively inexpensive again they are all on sale as well three to go again that is breaking right after this gotta get it filled up that was just just a couple of people that need some serious help from that clip couple of individuals who serious help uh red de marcus cousins as a buck there's josh giddy nice one there moments in time that like if if the forest and jake if I see them at night like walking toward me on a like a dark road I go across the street uh quentin richardson q rich going to the clippers that's sick I saw in their la that's ryan s congrats ryan nice uh q rich uh santi aldama white lori marconin nice one there for the uh cavaliers to 25 grads on that there uh nicklas straight fire jaylen green rookie mamello and and bead what's up silver down uh down obin blue ruddy gay nice one there that's going to be uh to 99 for the jazz spring might take up four bands yeah oh absolutely very good chance at those i'm like trying to get in there yeah keon johnson mosaic rookie red kelly ubread stair masters russ there's just a lot of cards in these this dunkin is the beesy what you get manny there's uh france vagen rego bear red lamello ball tray young stair masters dude this guy's been making uh self-extruesies every time they win uh like on twitter like oh yeah you show me that you show me that yeah dude some guy for the uh mulberry red lamar katole some guy for the uh son started copying him and it's so much worse and he's like he's like uh like and tag like or like uh he just he's being so much more obnoxious with it like the other guy was being so cool he's literally just posting like the record in the jersey like for fun yeah this guy's trying to get like a reaction out of it yeah that's annoying when that happens evan mobley debut bones highlander rookie jimmy butler and base i follow this ravens fan page not it's not really a ravens fan page more of like a ravens like meme they like make ravens memes and uh that is want to hear the funkadelic nick oh you better get ready dude there's gonna be a lot of those swagger jaylen green uh probably hoosier i like hoosier is a basketball movie i mean space jam's a classic obviously wait it's just one with um kade gunningham hey thanks uh appreciate their evan that's a real jackson i think so yes bog down by donovitch uh you shipped it out yesterday manny probably got a decent uh there's a red name by the way probably got a decent chunk for that though paul george but there was he posted like memes from like the last saturday's games or last weekend's games and it was like it was like this really got people going there was a picture of um lions going in number 12 too thank you there um shad uh it was it was like a meme of a guide dancing and it's like joe burrow breaking out his famous getting carried by my defense move and everybody's like Joe burrow doesn't get carried by the defense he's in the south and he's in the south and they're gonna get me on defense what are you saying that how are you saying that i'm like relax everybody those are my favorite types of jokes are the ones that the guy knows that they're gonna get a rise out oh absolutely oh and that's and that's why they make the joke oh it's so funny it was awesome we're just seeing all these like stupid 12 year old bangles fans that are like did you even watch the game did you see his stats he did not get carried by his defense like obviously guy oh is that a black christian wood black mosaic boom going to the rocket dude that's disgusting with the black jersey that looks so that's so sick congrats on that houston bob each wow that's fantastic man that is a gorgeous card right there uno de uno christian what i saw the rockets and my heart sank for a second i think it was going to be jailing but christian wood's still very solid very solid zac levine scott scottie barnes that's joe kim noah nice on the autograph going to the bowls there you go kevin nice one there we take joe kim noah autos john and kaminga tray man red uh staying glass jailing green rockets having a hell of a pack right there jeez man on the short print what's that third one of the case probably get one more there's a full case there's three kevin and three lamella balls staying glasses jailing sucks cj mccollom in one case plus two others they're so over printed this year but they're not they're not really meant to be a case hit though you know oh post the rocket's got the josh chris the rick case hit too Tobias Harris like the the actual case hit there's chris middleton josh giddy montage col anthony yeah let me know manny what'd you what'd you let me know what'd you sell for i'm sure i'm sure he did fine on it to be honest alec berks uh marcus morris senior rookie introduction or introductions is evan mobley really i would have been i would have said you would have done well if you got like 60 for it that's yeah that's perfectly fine that's a great great deal for you dude silver really guy that's a great deal montae morris evan mobley rookie donovan and i would assume that yeah that's kind of wild silver deandre eaton red kevindor ant tiffani taking a random team thank you syphony uh see how we look still yeah ebay authentication process forget it uh down to two to go guys two to go what seems to we got cardinals cults cardinals and cults oops i think it's like seven to go for everything else too i think it's across the board sevens or seven seven nine to go seven seven nine on the other pycs so thank you guys again we're almost there i'm out of bio red ja marant uh rising star scottie barnes there's moses moody uh blue rj barrett to 99 i'm asking for his nice garret wilson that'd be sick ja marant evan mobley josh giddy that was pretty nasty yeah um wait are you in illusions are you in unpackable with the jets manny you're in illusions right silver york etch sleeve that one red deandre mary how much worse off would the cab be with marketing instead of initial probably decently you think so well i don't know because it's like evan mobley gets like no time yeah i mean marketing's good but he's not like uh he's not a he's not a he's not a he's not as good as not a Mitchell like he's good like marketing who else was in the trade it wasn't calling sex then uh how's he been doing fine i think basically like he's one of those guys that like good but i thought he was gonna be nasty too no i did too he was so good at albama dude so good really good at a high school too yes yep yep oh landry shamet going to the suns nice one there not numbered silver kelden johnson uh starting fire for the suns both illusions one impactful gotcha well at least you pretty much guarantee yourself every jet hit from illusions which is good so yes we do need to pull you a nice uh iodis umu a nice garret wilson out of one of them jaylin green moments in time some sauce yeah sauce would be good too and breeze too you got a lot of shots at good rookies which is good there's a kade saundra mama kalashvili luca mosaic mama's kellovili is that how you say it yeah say it again mama's kellovili mama kalashvili yeah mama kalashvili that's much easier mama kalashvili all right all right isn't that much stuff yeah yeah i've heard uh i've heard it said like that i know that's how it's said i just didn't know if that's what it looks like no it spelled just like that really when you were saying it i was reading it it's okay much just like that i don't even know how it's pulled a one-on-one chat you send us lunch oh boy what about a funcadelic one-on-one funcadelic heaven moblie mid break i will go and change into a like tie-dye latent shirt and get some like sunglasses i'm gonna try that mid break me and blake will change shirts there's scottie barnes sam will take his shirt off if i'm not doing that i'm not doing that nope i refuse there's tyrese haliburton kate conningham rookie joel mb that's not something anybody wants to see anyway so we're just gonna save everybody's eyes from that one yeah yeah that's what donor was saying a few days ago he was like you need the hot tub stream so it's like uh do we do we really jaylen sugg's nice one there red quentin grimes breaking hot tub stream with sam blake god i need to take some sort of drug to get that one out of my memory burn that memory out of my brain it's france vagner stand on the chair and do the funcadelic i'm gonna hurt myself i tried to do that and frity simons uh coby white red we're gonna need to finish the break i can't i can't just go on the ir break my wrist trying to do the funcadelic thing you call you clearly the coffee is kicking in man he clearly red josh heart uh introductions is jaylen green sim hardaway red bones highland rising stars anthony edwards caught upon a 10 day yeah uh two-way two-way contract top loading and breaking heaven uh that's jaylen green actually and then evan moebley daddy mills blue julius randall all nba all nba what's the 99 overdrive uh damian millard mosaic dad likes that shack oh that's good that's good that's awesome manny and that'll do it for the break who's out there someone uh um two quick recap everybody uh just that shaman i think was the last one yeah you got it though uh notable color lorry marketing 25 stained glass jaylen green i would assume we did 25 damian lower to 49 stained glass kd stained glass lebron blue jason tatum to 99 i knew you had to throw that one in there landry shamet sons jokie noah bulls quentin rickerson um clippers uh nick clackston for the nets xire williams grizzlies nade archibald going to the celtics jaylen brunson um mabs wendell carter magic christy warte paces johnny comminga warriors i would assume move bulls and then we've got a um white yannis the 25 25 of 25 gold stair master stef curry one of 10 kade cunningham redemption rookie auto going to the pistons and black one of one christian wood for the rockets i'll do it for the break guys thanks again for the fill next up we've got um illusion


Hi everybody, Joe for jasmizcasebreaks.com here coming at you with a 2020 mosaic football solo pack pack rate number 148 with 10 2018 contenders spots being given away in this break We got to do one more of these if you're watching live and that gets us into break still on that But that'll be in a different video big. Thanks to everybody here for giving this a shot. Appreciate it And all 32 teams are in let's roll it. Let's randomize it names and teams One and a four five times and remember one more the there'll be a different ice roll for the giveaway part as always So one and four five times Two three Four and fifth and final time One and a four five times. Why are the why are the okc thunder up 93 88 on my legers with 340 left in the game?  There's that for the teams. Sorry got distracted one two three four and fifth and final time Ravens down to the Texans after five All right, so you know no trade windows in these filler breaks. We just want to get to the The giveaway part as quickly as possible big. Thanks to this group here and Big thanks to the next group here. It's the first half second half list Let's sort by column B by team alphabetically and let's print. Let's rip Let's see what we got. All right. Here's the final print out hot off the presses and we'll re-randomize this list The top 10 will get into that contenders break All right, good luck Sean Jackson them the one thing trying to move him or they're gonna release him or something like that It's too late. I'm not sure what the situation. There's cam acres hollow Dishon Watson say Juan Barclay and a Jalen Hertz pink camel. That's not bad out of a filler break And that's Steven Kendrick with the Eagles. All right, so that's pretty solid And let's see if we can get him and some others Into that break to grab everybody's names again New dice new list Roll it and randomize it four and a five nine times so once again top ten after nine Good luck fingers crossed one two three four five six seven eight and Ninth and final time after nine mark saying Dishon Watson did get released cleared waivers free to sign with anybody Raiders all right, um So from 11 on down Sorry mark very close. No cigar. Thanks everybody who got into the action. I appreciate it If you want we do have to do one more of these if you want to give it another shot. We'll get him next time Top ten You're in Joe. You're in Ricky Brian Crouch Kyle Steven Kaye Mark Kevin Adrian Sean and Ryan all of you top 10 are in that 2018 contenders football break Hopefully coming up a little bit later tonight. Thanks for watching. I'll see you next time for the next one. Bye. Bye


Good afternoon and welcome to another episode of likeable science here on think tech Hawaii. I'm your host Ethan Allen. Likeable science is all about how science is a vital, vibrant and interesting part of our lives. It shouldn't be thought of as being restricted to an ivory tower. It shouldn't be feared and talked about as if it were something distant and foreign. It's will is every day. It has real impacts on all of our lives. And here to talk about that with me today is Mike Foley, coastal engineer of motion. Welcome Mike. Thank you, Ethan. Good to be here. Hey, it's great. Great to have you here. Mike and I haven't had an interesting conversation already. Mike is a doctor here at UH Manoa studying artificial reefs that have been put in place and looking at how these have all these good effects on the coast. I guess maybe some bad ones, but how they provide habitat and shelter for creatures and they also can sort of break up I guess incoming waves and help shelter the areas in the end of them. And sounds like that must have been must have been a fun project. Oh, absolutely. And then for the last what roughly in nearly dozen years, you've been with ocean and working on all sorts of all sorts of coastal projects, private clients, government, everyone you can think of, right? Yeah, for the most part, well range, good range of projects. Yeah. So coastal engineering probably isn't really totally familiar to a lot of a lot of folks. All of our millions of viewers in Kansas probably don't think much about it. But coastal engineering is basically sort of taking care of the coast and making human engineers structures or changes to protect coasts, improve coast, repair damage to coasts, right? Yeah, for the most part, I mean coastal engineering is kind of the study of any sort of construction on the coast and how we do that in the most responsible manner, or maybe sometimes irresponsible depending on the engineer, but basically how we build, design, manmade infrastructure on the coastline. Right. And to a lot of extent, it's been sort of historically a sort of reactive science, right? Nobody cares about the coast until something bad happens to a part that you put something on, you built an airport on the coast and suddenly your runway is being undermined or you built a hotel there and suddenly its beach has disappeared, right?  And so, but I think things are starting to change. Right. Now, you were talking about how ocean it sort of tries to take a broader sort of systems view of it and looks at, it's not just looking at one little place where there may be a seawall that's falling apart, but looks at a whole stretch of beach from headland to headland as you put it and sort of tries to go, what's happened that whole system? How is it moving? What are the dynamics there? What really has to happen? You can't just fix that seawall expect and your real changes, right? Well, that's the thing, right? So it's more of a systems approach. It's more of a regional coastal resource management approach where you understand or you try to understand this complex dynamic system. And really, it's about developing, you know, collecting the data first and then analyzing this data in a focused manner to really understand what's going on in the system so that you can then predict what would happen next. So if you were to change things, how would that change the overall system, the overall beach? Would that make erosion worse in this area? Or would it would make things better? Could you get the beach to build back naturally, for instance? And once you can kind of model and do these predictions, then you can develop more comprehensive appropriate solutions. Right. And it's, I mean, it's an enormously complex field, right? Because there's sort of the topography of the island. But then there's all the topography that you can't see under the water, right? Sure, the symmetry. Yeah, yeah, the deep ocean currents that are driving things around the ridges, the valleys. Then on top of it, there are storms, maybe the occasional tidal wave just to throw it off tsunami, an ongoing background of rising sea levels, just to keep the whole business interesting. I mean, the amount of data you really need, if you want to try to be comprehensive in your data collection is enormous. It's baffling, right? And so it's a very complex system. Very every beach, while it's beautiful, is there's a lot going on every beach has a story to tell. And you know, we're just starting to scratch the surface in terms of really writing that story or really reading the story, I should say, and understanding it. But yes, there's so much going on on the coastline. It's the interface between, you know, the ocean, and what's solid the land. And it's really this place where this balance, this equilibrium happens every day. I mean, that's what a beach is. It's basically this equilibrium, this balance that's just able to deposit these fine little sediments and keep them there. And it's an amazing thing. And then to think how fragile it is, you know, one one storm can wash that all away. One tidal wave can push that whole beach inland. So yeah, right, anyone who's lived near a beach knows stories of suddenly after a big storm, you find stuff under the beach you never knew was there or stuff that has been there for years suddenly is now gone and you never see it again. Right?  And this new view of trying to sort of do systems oriented sort of almost predictive coastal engineering, that really now calls on you to use new tools, right? Exactly, right.  Right, hooking together data sets that were never hooked together before. So you've got tidal data sets, you've got great data on tides on any given beach, right? That's all pretty well established. You've got a historical weather data of the storms that hit, right? You've got but these often these kinds of data have not been sort of drawn together and sort of looked at. And now I know you have a system I think we'll get to it a little bit where you can actually mount a camera on a beach and have it I just shoot or in time lapse fashion and watch the beach change from hour to hour from day to day from week to week. And so you when you begin to combine that kind of data now with these other data sets, you begin to get a real much richer view of the system, right? Exactly. Exactly. And that's that's what we're that's what we're aiming to do. So exactly like you said, if we can basically monitor the beach on a day to day basis on a minute to a second to second basis and really understand these finite changes, you know, at this at this really fine scale, in terms of time, but also space, if we can have, you know, multiple cameras along a stretch of coastline, and really get this picture of, you know, how does this side of the beach change, but maybe this, you know, as this side depletes, this side might grow.  And if you can then sort of put that all together in this model of this particular beach, then you can form these predictions, and then you can develop these solutions. So if you see, you know, big Kona storm coming, well, what should be the, what should be our response? Should we plan ahead so that we don't lose this house, for instance? And it can be a solution that is temporary, that would then when that storm passes, we can restore the beach to its natural state, right? Right. And can you, for instance, look at something and say, Oh, we're gonna have particularly a bad El Nino year here. And therefore, we should take this kind of approach right now before that hits, and let the changing currents and all work with us here and help deposit more sand on this beach where we want it, rather than taking sand away when we don't want it to. Exactly. Yeah. But it's again, you're doing a lot of unknowns there, right? Right. And so I think, you know, at this point, it's, it's we can, we can do the best we can do right with the tools that we have. And the understanding, the traditional understanding of wave mechanics of ocean and graphics, just even just with the tools like our great, you know, wave buoys that we have around the islands, and then the great, you know, models that we have to predict wave forces. So, you know, we have a lot of tools currently don't get me wrong, but we're just trying to make it a little better, you know, trying to put this all together in a way that kind of saves us time too. So I mean, it takes a lot of time to look at all these data sources as, you know, the engineer and then put it all together in one place. For every beach on this island, I mean, that's, that's a lot of work, right? But if we can use kind of these new tools and technologies, then we can, we can really save a lot of our of our time and really then develop a bigger system, an overall system of the whole island, for instance. And that would be the goal. Yeah, it's sort of like what the folks at UH are doing at the EPSCOR project. And they're studying a couple of Hawaii's aquifers in great detail, trying to both model these, map them, figure out the real dynamics of these aquifers, how much water is flowing in, where, when, how much water is flowing out, where and when, how much water gets replaced each year, what seasons, with the hope of being able to take that and build a sort of predictive model they can apply to other aquifers around and really then, as you say, take a larger systems approach. Same kind of thing on a sort of a different level. Exactly. Should we take a look at the, the, you talked of just having your beach, your beach cam, I guess. Sure. Yeah, we can take a look at this. I think we have a video that maybe we can pop on. Wow. All right. Now that was cool. So how long, how long was that? It was, it was a minute here, but what period of time was being filmed there? I think that was about two weeks. So just taking a picture every 10 seconds, 20 seconds, something during daylight hours. Actually, that was every, every 10 minutes. Every 10 minutes, okay. Kind of really sped up into it. Oh, sure. Right, of course. But, you know, basically what we were looking at there was, was just the time lapse of this, of this beach. And when you, when you see that video go by, there's just so much information in there. So much that you get. I mean, for me to get that information, I would have to sit in a beach chair, you know, for two weeks, right? I mean, our life is tough. Yeah, but they're not going to pay you to do that, unfortunately. And, and so, yeah, I put this, you know, we, we put this camera up in this tree, and that was kind of a prototype we developed of this camera system that we've been working on, something where you can put it in the harsh environment, you know, strapped to a coconut tree, just, you know, in, in the salt air, in the, in the, in the rain, and then, of course, it has power and it's connected to the internet so we can get the data at real time. And then the key is then to use computer vision to use basically analytics that we can, we can then pull out the trends from that, from that video. So we were looking there at tides coming in and out. We were watching as the high tide mark on the beach shifted inland as kind of we had a high, you know, king tide event coming in, pushing, pushing debris upwards, you know, stuff that you don't see when you go to the beach just for an hour. But when you speed it all up like that, we're also looking at waves breaking on the reef and how the wave patterns changed, how the swells changed. We're looking at weather coming in different storms. We're also looking at people on the beach and how they were, you know, using the beach for different reasons. Yeah. We're gonna, we're gonna come back to this year. Right now we actually have to take a little break. You're with us here on Lakeable Science. I'm Ethan Allen, your host, Mike Foley from Ocean and Coastal Engineers with me today. Or we're talking about coastal engineering and we'll be back in a minute. This is Think Tech Hawaii, raising public awareness. Aloha, welcome to Hawaii. This is Prince Dykes, your host of The Prince of Investing. Coming to you guys each and every Tuesday at 11 a.m., right here on Think Tech Hawaii. Don't forget to come by and check out some of the great information on stocks, investings, your money, all the other great stuff, and I'll be your host. See you Tuesday. You're back here with me, Ethan Allen here on Lakeable Science on Think Tech Hawaii. With me today in the Think Tech studios is Mike Foley, coastal engineer at Oceanit. We've been talking about coastal engineering and the evolution of coastal engineering as a science, the new tools that are being used, new techniques that are being employed, why, how, where they're being employed. Just before the break, we were looking at a time-lapse video that covered about a two-week period, just watching one beach, watching what was happening, and you were talking a little bit about a few of the things that you watch. You watch, of course, the wave action. You watch the tides. You watch some of the changing weather. I guess you said this was just prior to the king tides coming in. So you were watching a city march of sort of the high, high line marching up the beach, right? Exactly. Day after day. And the trick, of course, is you don't want to have to sit there, even though that was a one minute and that covered two weeks. To do a lot of that, it's going to take a lot of your time to sort of sit there and try to record, well, this is happening now and this is happening now. What you, your ultimate goal is to get a smart system that can watch it for you, tell you sort of what's happening and say, hey, over these past three months, notice the high tide line has been changing in this way, on this part, and changing the other way on the other part of the beach, right? Exactly. Bingo. I mean, that's the goal. And, you know, for Mokalea, specifically, we're interested in erosion of that beach and how it correlates to these wave patterns and to these current patterns. This is a beach that is currently shrinking more or less. It's a beach that goes through seasonal changes and, yeah, there's times where there's no sand at certain parts of the beach and they have a problem with that. And then there's times when it's wide. And so, you know, it's about understanding those times, understanding why that is.  Anyone on the coast, the mainland, of course, has the same concerns, right? Because coastal areas anywhere. Harbors, you don't want your harbors to silt up and fill up with sand and you need to keep the channels open to them. I gather you were talking before the show with me a little bit about the idea of putting a barrier outside of one of the harbors on Kauai. Actually, on Maui. Right. And so, that was my PhD dissertation was about basically building a large, what we call submerged breakwater structure for this harbor, Kahlua harbor, on the North Shore of Maui. And really, you know, kind of looking at a new technology, if you would, a new technique that engineers could at least study or evaluate as a potential option to, you know, on the North Shore, just like North Shore Mokolia and Oahu and the North Shore of Maui, we get these giant Northwest swells, right? The swells which make North Shore surfing famous in Hawaii, right? And while that's a great thing for surfers, it's also a challenge for any homeowner on the North Shore or especially any infrastructure. The vital infrastructure that is our harbors is crucial to our economy in Hawaii. And so, you know, when we look at protecting the operations in that harbor, the unloading and offloading of barges, for instance, if you have a big swell event, that can shut things down. And to basically resolve the issue, an engineer might build a giant emerging breakwater structure, which is the structure which goes out into the ocean. And, you know, it becomes an eyesore, but basically it works really well and that waves break on top of it and to smash into the thing and lose their energy. Right. And then the harboring site is tranquil. Well, you know, what if instead of being this thing that sticks out of the ocean, it's this thing which is underwater and it works just like our surfing reefs work, where it breaks away on top, creates maybe a surf site, but at the same time can create coral reef habitat. You know, it might be a dive site when the waves are small. And maybe we can do it in a way that's cheaper than these old methods. Right. But you've then again, you've got to look at what is that going to do sort of the local ecology, right? Of course. Something like that is going to change all the flow, the current around there. The wildlife lives in the area. Sharks might like it or they might not like it. Right. Well, so when we when we design it, you know, that kind of one of the new mindsets in coastal engineering, what is is taking this ecological engineering perspective, how do you learn from nature in terms of what makes a healthy coral reef ecosystem? What do these creatures like about a coral reef or what don't they like about a reef where there's nothing? Critical knowledge to have in particular as our coral reefs are facing huge challenges, right? If you if you can build, help build a good restructure that encourages corals to grow, that supports them. Right. Exactly. And if you're building a structure in the ocean environment, why not also include besides just, you know, the benefit to us, you know, as a society, but include the benefit to the environment? So include that ecological element, even if it costs a little bit more, but maybe it doesn't have to. Oh, yeah, yeah, it's probably ultimately these things will pay off in the long term.  You will save yourself damage downstream that ultimately cost more, right? Yeah, there'll be external, you know, benefits that we get. Yeah, yeah, that's that's of course the aim of what you always want to try to do with these with these projects. Now, and more and more, I think engineering, not just coastal engineering, but I think all engineering fields are beginning to think a little more systemically in that sense, right? You're not just solving the local problem that sort of brought you there. You know, it's not just spanning a bridge across this river, but but it's considering, gee, we have transportation across this river. What's that going to do to the towns on either side of it? Lifestyles of farmers around there? Oh, sure. I mean, the way we wildlife, the way we dealt with stormwater, for instance, you know, we just kind of put in a channel and shot it out into the ocean. Well, that worked great for, you know, preventing floods, but it also didn't work great for ecology because of a lot of damage. And so now what we're looking at is changing, you know, changing the rule so that we have to deal with it on a more sustainable manner and a more property by property manager. Try not to just send so much just raw water out into the reefs. And that's an important part of protecting our reefs as well. Sure. Sure. We've got I mean, we've got such odd situations here in Hawaii, right? You've got at the top of Manoa Valley, you get 150 inches of rain per year. In Waikiki, you get 20 inches of rain per year. And all that rain washes down the one side and floods the alloy, dumps out on the reefs, buries the reef's sediment, brings all kinds of pollutants in there. And yet the Hawaiians who lived here didn't really have that problem. You know, they didn't channel the water practically, or they did channel the channel in very small ways. They had steps and ponds and catch, catchments as it were all along the way. So they didn't just rush down as one great gush of fresh water, right? Well, it seems to me that they had a much better understanding of the connectedness of the whole system. Right. And because they were so crucial to them to live off the land, but not only the land, but the ocean, and what it provided, I think they took a lot better care of it. So now we have to kind of go back to that knowledge of that connectivity and try to learn from the past and reestablish that. Yeah, exactly. That is very much a looking and seeing that it has been a lot of wisdom out in the world about how to handle these kinds, same kinds of challenges. They face them. And the Hawaiians weren't gathering a lot of water. They weren't drilling deep to pump fresh water out. And they were supporting the population essentially roughly what we have today. But they were doing by us taking a much gentler, but more finely tuned hand on what you do with the water that falls onto your island, right? It seems so. Yeah. And that's you know, it's not even just a question of engineering technology. It's a whole question of human attitude and instilling those values into people. So everyone comes to understand this needs to happen. This is a valuable good human endeavor, right?  And so here we are at this interface between society and the environment a lot of times. And it's it's the public resource. So it's the public good in Hawaii, you know, so it's so valuable also to our economies. I mean, the Waikiki beach is like a multi billion dollar beach in terms of its value to our state economy. And so it's about how do we manage all this? But at the same time, you know, so we want to manage the coastal resource, but at the same time, we have to be, we have to kind of look at the sustainability of our actions, right? And that includes not only the environmental impacts, but the economic impacts and then the social impacts. And so yeah, here we are at this, you know, very multidisciplinary, exciting profession that can be really challenging. Yeah, it's funny, I had Song Choi, associate dean of engineering on the show a while ago and asked him if there's one word to describe engineering, what would it be? And he said creativity. And I was sort of blown away. People don't think of engineering as being sort of a creative endeavor, but that's but talking with you is very helpful in seeing just why creativity is so important. You have to think very broadly about all these, all the connectivity to all the different systems, the human systems, the infrastructure systems, the natural systems, the underlying geological systems, hydrological systems, all these things. And your work as a coastal engineer is sitting, as you say, right at the interface there. Right. And, you know, some engineers can be really conservative, and they'll follow the manuals. And I mean, that's the way you have to follow the rules and the regulations, of course. But when there's a problem going on that hasn't happened before, when there's a new issue like sea level rise, for instance, and what is that going to mean? That throws a big twist in the whole mix, right? And so, you know, we have to be innovative and we have to think outside the box and be cutting edge because no one's written the manual for how to deal with sea level rise and we have to help guide that process. You know, if we don't do anything, we know that, yeah, why he is going to disappear in a matter of some decades, right? Or at least become a much wider place than it currently is in a matter of decades. Not if I can help it, right? But yeah, how do we do? I mean, the challenges are immense. So, in the last moment here, tell us if you would give some advice to today's college students, high school students who are growing up interested in this field. What do they do? What should they learn? What's going to make them good coastal engineers? Well, we definitely need, you know, people in the field, I think, definitely well-rounded students that are willing to take on challenges. You know, if you don't want a job where you have to think outside the box and don't be a coastal engineer, but yeah, so it's really about being multidiscipline. So you have to get a good understanding of the sciences, but also economy. You have to take economics. You have to take environmental science. The social sciences as well. I mean, this is all part of it. So kind of a liberal arts education, but at the same time, a real strong technical education. You really have to understand civil engineering, oceanography, coastal engineering. You have to have a real strong background in math and science. I love your note that you had written about. You also think it's great to go out and have an internship experience and try it out. See if they like it as a absolute. I mean, I think very important. I think that's most important is getting out there, you know, with a coastal engineering firm learning what it's like in the day to day by actually getting hands on experience and just being, you know, willing to try something, something new. Super. Well, thank you so much, Mike. It's been a great pleasure having you here. I as I always do, I've learned a tremendous amount here and I'm no audience has to. And so thank you so much and look forward to further conversations. Aloha.


In our previous videos we discussed about the female reproductive part of a flower and we saw in detail the structure of the ovule which is also called the megasporengium and the structure is this one. Now this megasporengium or the ovule is the place where the megaspores will develop and megaspores means the female spores. Now in this video we are going to talk about how that megaspore develop inside this megasporengium or inside this ovule and the entire process of formation of megaspore in the ovule is called megasporeogenesis. Here megaspore means the female spore and it is called mega because it is comparatively bigger to the male spores which are called microspores and genesis means formation formation. So we are going to talk about how female spores are formed inside the ovule. Okay so let's begin let's bring in focus only the ovule here you go. Now inside the ovule as you can see there is a mass of cell which is called the new cellus. Now one lucky cell from this new cellus will grow in mass and it will become the mother cell to give rise to megaspores. Now which one will be that lucky cell? Well it is seen that one cell from the hypodermal region near the microbial area will give rise to megaspores. Now you might think that hey I understood what is microbial area it must be somewhere here but what is hypodermal region? Well the cell the layer of cell which is outside the new cellus or I should say the outer layer of cell in the new cellus is called the epidermal layer of cells or the dermal layer of cells and the cell layer which is underneath it is called the hypodermal cell. So this one will be the hypodermal cell layer. So one cell from the hypodermal cell layer near the microbial area will increase in size and will give rise to megaspore later. So let's say this is that lucky cell that has increased in size and has accumulated a lot of cytoplasm and will give rise to megaspore. But mind you this is not megaspore yet this is just an ordinary cell that has increased in mass has accumulated a lot of cytoplasm but this is not a megaspore yet. It will undergo a number of cell division to give rise to megaspore and we will see how. But as this cell will now be responsible to give rise to megaspore we call this cell the megaspore mother cell. Quite makes sense right? Megaspore mother cell or we call it MMC. Alright having said that having talked about MMC now let's focus on the cells that are surrounding the MMC because new cellus is made up of a number of cells and only one got lucky to become the MMC. What is the role of the other cells? Well the other cells will provide nourishment as the MMC grows in size. It will derive the nourishment and it will derive the cytoplasmic content from the cells that is surrounding it. Alright now this MMC will undergo cell division but not any cell division it will undergo a special kind of cell division which is called meiosis or the reduction division in which the chromosome number of this MMC will get reduced to half in each cell. So if we say this is how it got divided into two cells so this is meiosis and if we consider that this cell has twice n number of chromosomes then after meiosis or I should say meiosis one because meiosis takes place in two stages so after meiosis one each cell will have half the number of chromosomes so they will have n number of chromosomes each. Now meiosis you may already know gets completed in two stages so after meiosis one takes place meiosis two which is similar to mitosis and after meiosis two we get four cells and here the number of chromosomes stays the same number of chromosomes would be n in each cell. So we saw that meiosis took place in the MMC and by the end of meiosis we got four cells that are haploid. Alright now can you tell me why MMC underwent meiosis and not any other type of cell division? How about you pause the video for a while and think about it. Alright let me tell you the answer for any plant on earth when it undergoes the process of sporogenesis or gematogenesis where spores or gametes are produced let's say male and female gametes are produced there meiosis takes place so that the chromosome number is reduced to half and later when the fusion of the male and female gametes take place they will give rise to a diploid organism or in this case a diploid plant which is having the same number of chromosomes as that of the parent plant. Simple right? So this is the reason we see meiosis in Megaspore mother cell and we saw that the Megaspore mother cell gave rise to four spores at the end but now we will see that something happens to this four spores something very unusual happens here this three spores will degenerate it will degenerate or I like to call it as sacrifice their lives so that one spore can have a healthy and a fully nourished life. So these three cells give up all its nourishment to just one cell which is the functional Megaspore so this one here is finally a Megaspore so this is a Megaspore and it is haploid and also since only one spore later give rise to an embryosack this entire process of formation of the Megaspore is called monosporic development. Well now that we have got a functional Megaspore how about we compare the process of Megasporogenesis with microsporogenesis that is the formation of male spores but this will only make sense if you have watched a video of microsporogenesis already so if you have not watched I would recommend you to go back and watch that video first and then come back to this comparison part and for those of you who have already watched that video let's continue. So in microsporogenesis we saw that there are number of cells inside the tippatum layer that are capable of giving rise to microspores. Now in case of female spore formation we saw all these new cellar cells are capable of giving rise to Megaspore but just one cell becomes the Megaspore mother cell but when it comes to microsporogenesis all the cells that are capable of formation of microspore microspore mother cell actually forms microspore mother cell. So here if we count we'll see that we have eight cells inside the tippatum and all these eight cells will simultaneously undergo meiosis and will give rise to eight multiplied by four we get 32 microspores and the interesting part is that all these 32 microspores they remain functional unlike in Megasporeogenesis where only one Megaspore at the end remains functional. So the number of male spores is always higher than the number of female spore and the reason is male spore has to travel all the way from the enthrer to the stigma and sometimes to the stigma of some other flower in some other plant in the nearby plant of the same species. So while doing so while traveling from from the enthrer to other parts a number of male spores gets destroyed it may fall on wrong places or it may not develop pollen tube so a number of things might happen and that is the reason the number of male spores is always higher and on the other hand there is no such risk involved when it comes to a Megaspore because all it has to do is to sit in a bucket of new cellar cells and wait for the pollen tube to reach it right reach the Megaspore and fertilize it and that is the reason just one single healthy fully nourished Megaspore is sufficient and hence we get just one functional Megaspore in an overview. All right now that we have learned all about Megaspore and how it is produced how about we try and answer a question related to it so what I would like you to do is to pause the video and try and answer this question. Okay I think you have found the answer to all these questions but let me tell you how I find out the answers. So the first question is if a Megaspore mother cell has 20 chromosomes that means this cell here if it has 20 chromosomes how many functional Megaspore will it produce? Well we have seen one Megaspore mother cell by the end of meiosis produces four Megaspores out of which just one stays functional so this one here is the functional Megaspore right so the first question how many functional Megaspore will it produce? The answer would be one it produces just one functional Megaspore and the next question what will be the number of chromosomes in it? Well the number of chromosomes in the functional Megaspore is half the number of chromosomes that was in the Megaspore mother cell so in the question it is said that the Megaspore mother cell has 20 chromosomes so half of it that means the functional Megaspore will have 10 chromosomes. So this was all about how a Megaspore is formed inside the ovule in an ovary. In our future video we will talk about how this Megaspore further divides and give rise to female chemists.


This is a video about further complex numbers. I'm going to be looking at some questions from the review exercise in our FP2 textbook. The first question I'm going to look at is number 3. It tells us that the equation z cubed plus 27i equals 0 has the complex roots alpha, beta and gamma. We're told to find the roots, giving our answers an exact Cartesian form. Now by far the best way of answering a question like this is to write z in modulus argument form. So we'll say that z is equal to r e to the i theta. It follows from that the cube of r e to the i theta plus 27i is equal to 0. And now we can solve this equation to find out what r and theta are. First of all we'll say that r cubed times e to the power of 3i theta plus 27i equals 0. And then that r cubed e to the 3i theta is equal to minus 27i. Now minus 27i is simply the complex number with modulus 27 and argument 3pi over 2. So we can write that as 27 times e to the power of i times 3pi over 2. Now if you compare the two sides of this equation it becomes obvious that r cubed must be 27 and 3 theta must be 3pi over 2 or 3pi over 2 plus a multiple of 2pi. Because remember if you add a multiple of 2pi to the argument of a complex number it makes no difference. You've still got the same complex number. So 3 theta could be 3pi over 2 or 7pi over 2 or 11pi over 2 and so on. Okay so it must be that r is 3 and theta could be pi over 2 or 7pi over 6 or 11pi over 6 or whatever. So now we know what r and theta are. So we know the modulus and the argument of z. All that remains is to write z in exact Cartesian form. So remember the modulus must be 3 and the argument could be pi over 2 or 7pi over 6 or 11pi over 6 or whatever. Now the first possibility is that theta is pi over 2 in which case you've got the number 3 times e to the i pi by 2. But that's just the same as 3i. The complex number with modulus 3 and argument pi over 2 is obviously 3i. The next possibility is that theta is 7pi over 6. So in that case we're dealing with 3e to the i 7pi by 6. And to find that in Cartesian form we'll need to say that that's the same as 3 times the cosine of 7pi over 6 plus i times the sine of 7pi over 6. Remember that that's the same as 3 times minus the cosine of pi by 6 minus i times the sine of pi by 6. And so therefore it's equal to 3 lots of minus root 3 over 2 minus i over 2 or multiply it out minus 3 root 3 over 2 minus 3i over 2. So that's the second possible value of z. The third possible value of z comes from taking theta equals 11pi over 6 and then we're dealing with the number 3e to the i 11pi over 6 which can be written 3 times the cosine of 11pi over 6 plus i times the sine of 11pi over 6 or as 3 times the cosine of pi over 6 minus i times the sine of pi over 6. Which turns out to be 3 root 3 over 2 minus 3i over 2. So here are the three possible values of z in exact Cartesian form. And so alpha, beta and gamma are these three numbers in some order. The next part of this question tells us to show that alpha plus beta plus gamma equals zero and to use that result to find the complex number alpha plus beta cubed. Well we can show that alpha plus beta plus gamma equals zero simply by adding up our answers. If you add them up you'll see that it cancels to 3i minus 3i over 2 minus 3i over 2 which comes to zero. So that's easy. The next bit is a little trickier. Since alpha plus beta plus gamma equals zero we can say that alpha plus beta is equal to minus gamma. And now we can cube both sides. The cube of alpha plus beta must be the cube of minus gamma. But the cube of minus gamma will be minus the cube of gamma. The whole point of gamma is that its cube is minus 27i. So this is minus minus 27i or simply 27i. So therefore the cube of alpha plus beta is 27i. Another part of the question asks us to verify that minus a third of i alpha is a cube root of unity. And then we've got to use this fact to work out the value of one minus a third of i alpha minus a ninth of alpha squared. Now to show that something is a cube root of unity we have to show that its cube is equal to one. The task here is to show that the cube of minus a third i alpha is one. Well if we cube the bit separately we've got the cube of minus a third times the cube of i times alpha cubed. And that's going to be minus one over 27 times minus i times minus 27i. And if you rearrange the pieces of that you can see that that's the same as one times one which is simply one. That proves that minus a third of i alpha is a cube root of unity. For the next part you need to spot that minus a ninth of alpha squared is the square of minus a third of i alpha. Let's check that. The square of minus a third i alpha be the square of minus a third times the square of i times the square of alpha which is going to be a ninth times minus one times alpha squared. So it is indeed minus a ninth of alpha squared. Now that's interesting because what it means is that one minus a third of i alpha plus a ninth of alpha squared is a special expression. It follows that one minus a third of i alpha minus a ninth of alpha squared is one plus omega plus omega squared where omega is minus a third of i alpha but more importantly where omega is a cube root of unity. So what we've got here has the form one plus omega plus omega squared where omega is a cube root of unity. Now that's interesting because you should remember that if omega is a complex cube root of unity then one plus omega plus omega squared will be zero. So therefore one minus a third of i alpha minus a ninth of alpha squared will be zero. Okay that's the end of that question. Let's move on to the next question I want to look at number five. This one tells us that z is cos theta plus i sin theta and then we have to use de Moivre's theorem to show that z to the power of n plus one over z to the power of n is equal to two times the cosine of n theta for any positive integer n. Now this is a really important question because this idea turns up a lot and you'll need to be able to prove this fact if you're asked to. Now z to the power of n is going to be cos theta plus i sin theta to the power of n and de Moivre's theorem tells us that that's cos n theta plus i sin n theta. Also one over z to the power of n which is z to the power of minus n is going to be cos theta plus i sin theta to the power of minus n. And again using de Moivre's theorem that must be cos of minus n theta plus i sin minus n theta which is cos n theta minus i sin n theta. And I hope now you can see that if we add up z to the power of n and one over z to the power of n the sin terms cancel out and the cos term doubles up. So z to the power of n plus one over z to the power of n is equal to two times the cosine of n theta. The next part of the question tells us to use this fact to express 16 cos to the power of 4 theta in the form something times cos 4 theta plus something times cos 2 theta plus something. Now we're going to use the thing we just proved. So remember z to the power of n plus one over z to the power of n is 2 cos n theta. Well how can we use this? Well one thing that you might note is that 16 times cos to the power of 4 theta is the fourth power of 2 cos theta. And 2 cos theta is z plus one over z. So what we've got here is the fourth power of z plus one over z according to the rule we just proved. Now let's raise this bracket to the power of 4. Using the binomial theorem we can expand these brackets and get z to the power of 4 plus 4z cubed times one over z plus 6z squared times the square of one over z plus 4z times the cube of one over z plus the fourth power of one over z. And that simplifies to z to the power of 4 plus 4z squared plus 6 plus 4 over z squared plus one over z to the power of 4. And if you reorder the terms here you'll get something really interesting. This is the same as z to the power of 4 plus one over z to the power of 4 plus 4 lots of z squared plus one over z squared plus 6. And you'll probably see here that z to the power of 4 plus one over z to the power of 4 is something we can use. And z squared plus one over z squared is something we can use. In fact, z to the power of 4 plus one over z to the power of 4 is 2 cos 4 theta according to the result from before. And z squared plus one over z squared is 2 cos 2 theta according to the result from before.   Okay the next part of the question says given that cos 4 theta is 8 times cos to the power 4 theta, find two possible values of cos theta. We've got to give the answer in exact form. Okay so we've got the equation cos 4 theta is a half of 16 times cos to the power 4 theta. Now obviously we've just worked out an expression for the right-hand side. So it's equal to a half of 2 cos 4 theta plus 8 cos 2 theta plus 6. Or more simply cos 4 theta plus 4 cos 2 theta plus 3. Now if you look at the left and the right-hand sides here you'll see that the cos 4 theta's cancel out. So we're trying to find when 4 cos 2 theta plus 3 equals 0. The one strategy here would be to subtract 3 from both sides giving 4 cos 2 theta equals minus 3 and cos 2 theta equals minus 3 quarters. But this isn't getting us towards an exact solution. A better method is to go back slightly and to replace cos 2 theta with 2 cos squared theta minus 1. So now I've got the equation 4 lots of 2 cos squared theta minus 1 plus 3 equals 0. Or 8 cos squared theta minus 4 plus 3 equals 0. Or rather 8 cos squared theta minus 1 equals 0. 8 cos squared theta equals 1. Cos squared theta equals 1. And therefore cos theta is plus or minus 1 over 2 root 2. Okay that's the end of that question. Now let's move on to question 7. This tells us to show the 4 times sine cubed theta is identically equal to 3 sine theta minus sine 3 theta. Or we can prove this using De Moivre's theorem. According to De Moivre's theorem cos 3 theta plus i sine 3 theta is identically equal to the cube of cos theta plus i sine theta.   Or if we write it in terms of its real component and its imaginary component we've got the cos cubed theta minus 3 cos theta sine squared theta plus i times 3 cos squared theta sine theta minus sine cubed theta. So now if we equate the imaginary parts on the left hand side and the right hand side we discover that sine 3 theta is identically equal to 3 cos squared theta sine theta minus sine cubed theta. And now we're almost there.   And then we arrange and we've got that 4 sine cubed theta is identically equal to 3 sine theta minus sine 3 theta. Okay so this is a very important technique that you should remember involving De Moivre's theorem. The next part of the question says given that 4 cos cubed theta is identically equal to cos 3 theta plus 3 cos theta which by the way we could have worked out by equating the real parts from the previous equation. Anyway it tells us to use suitable compound angle formulae to show that 32 times sine cubed theta times cos cubed theta is identically equal to 3 sine theta minus sine 6 theta. Well you'll probably notice that 32 sine cubed theta cos cubed theta is 2 lots of 4 sine cubed theta times 4 cos cubed theta. And we know expressions for 4 sine cubed theta and 4 cos cubed theta. So it's natural to say that this is double 3 sine theta minus sine 3 theta times cos 3 theta plus 3 cos theta. And if we times out those brackets we get a complicated expression involving various sines and cosines.  Let's write those in a different order because we're supposed to be able to use some compound angle formulae to simplify this.  Now the point of that is that sine theta cos theta can be transformed into something to do with sine 2 theta. Sine 3 theta cos 3 theta can be transformed into something to do with sine 6 theta. And sine 3 theta cos theta minus sine theta cos 3 theta can be transformed into something to do with sine 3 theta minus theta.  And that's just 9 sine 2 theta minus sine 6 theta minus 6 sine 2 theta which simplifies to 3 sine 2 theta minus sine 6 theta which is the result we were supposed to be proving. Before we go on note that there's actually a much simpler way of proving this ignoring the instruction in the question. We can also set about it by saying that 32 times sine cubed theta cos cubed theta is 4 times the cube of 2 sine theta cos theta but 2 sine theta cos theta is simply sine 2 theta so this is 4 times the cube of sine 2 theta. But we know from before that 4 times the cube of sine theta is 3 sine theta minus sine 3 theta. So therefore 4 times the cube of sine 2 theta must be 3 sine 2 theta minus sine 6 theta and this shows that 32 sine cubed theta cos cubed theta is 3 sine 2 theta minus sine 6 theta much more simply. Okay the last part of the question asks us to verify that the gradient of the curve with equation y equals sine cubed theta cos cubed theta at the point where theta equals pi by 4 is 0 and we have to find the nature of this stationary point. Okay well obviously we have to find dy by d theta. Okay well dy by d theta will be d by d theta of sine cubed theta times cos cubed theta and that'll be a nightmare to work out except that we know an expression for sine cubed theta cos cubed theta. We've got to find d by d theta of 1 over 32 3 sine 2 theta minus sine 6 theta. We can take the fraction outside the d by d theta so this is 1 over 32 times d by d theta 3 sine 2 theta minus sine 6 theta and that's 1 over 32 times 6 cos 2 theta minus 6 cos 6 theta. Now in theta is equal to pi over 4 this is giving us that dy by d theta is 1 over 32 times 6 cos pi by 2 minus 6 cos 3 pi by 2 which is simply 1 over 32 times 6 times 0 minus 6 times 0 which is obviously 0. So that proves that the gradient of the curve is 0 when theta equals pi by 4. To find the nature of the stationary point we need to differentiate again. So dy by d theta is 1 over 32 times 6 cos 2 theta minus 6 cos 6 theta and differentiating that to find d2y by d theta squared we've got d by d theta of 1 over 32 times 6 cos 2 theta minus 6 cos 6 theta which is 1 over 32 times dy by d theta 6 cos 2 theta minus 6 cos 6 theta which is 1 over 32 times minus 12 sine 2 theta plus 36 sine 6 theta and when theta equals pi over 4 that's going to be 1 over 32 times minus 12 sine pi over 2 plus 36 sine 3 pi over 2 which is 1 over 32 times minus 12 times 1 plus 36 times minus 1 which comes to minus one and a half. So d2y by d theta squared is negative when theta equals pi over 4 and therefore the stationary point is a maximum. Okay let's move on to question 10. This is asking us to find the Cartesian equation of the locus the modulus of z minus 2 minus 2i equals the square root of 2. Okay well if we write z in the form x plus i y we've got x plus i y minus 2 minus 2i equals the square root of 2 and therefore the modulus of x minus 2 plus y minus 2 times i equals the square root of 2. Well this means that the square of x minus 2 plus the square of y minus 2 is 2 so that's the Cartesian equation of this locus. We're now asked to find the Cartesian equation of the locus arg z minus 2 equals 3 pi over 4. Now this is going to be a half line which begins at 2 and makes an angle of 3 pi over 4 radians with the positive real axis and its gradient is obviously going to be minus 1. Now the full line would have equation y equals 2 minus x because it passes through both the x and y axes at 2. However we want a half line and the half line is just going to be where y equals 2 minus x and x is less than 2. Now we're told to use algebra to find the complex number which satisfies both low key. Well that means solving the simultaneous equations the square of x minus 2 plus the square of y minus 2 equals 2 along with y equals 2 minus x. We did that just by substituting y equals 2 minus x into the first equation giving us the square of x minus 2 plus the square of 2 minus x minus 2 equals 2. For more simply the square of x minus 2 plus the square of minus x equals 2, x square of minus 4 x square plus 4 plus x squared equals 2, and so on. 2 x squared minus 4 x squared plus 4 equals 2, 2 x squared minus 4 x squared plus 2 equals 0. You can just halve that eventually giving us that the square of x minus 1 is equal to 0, and that obviously only has one solution. It means that x is equal to 1. So that's the solution for x, x is 1 and that obviously means that y is also equal to 1 and therefore the complex number satisfying both equations therefore lying on both low key is 1 plus i. Now we're told to sketch the low key and state the geometrical relationship between them. Okay well first of all the half line given by y equals 2 minus x looks like this, and secondly the other locus is a circle with center 2 plus 2 i and radius the square root of 2. So that looks like this. Obviously the geometrical relationship between these is that the half line is a tangent to the circle. And by the way we could have told this from the fact that we only got one solution to the quadratic equation we were solving a minute ago. The fact that there's only one solution means that the tangent just touches the circle. If there were two solutions then the line would have cut the circle twice and if there were no solutions then the line wouldn't have met the circle at all. The fact that it meets the circle just once means that it just touches it and therefore that it's a tangent. Okay the next question is number 14. Here we're told that in an Argan diagram the point p represents the complex number z where the argument of z minus 3 over z plus i is pi by 4. First of all we're given two complex numbers minus 1 and 3i and we're asked to show that they're on the locus of p. Obviously that means showing that they satisfy this equation. So to begin with let's find what happens if we substitute minus 1 into the expression z minus 3 over z plus i. So we'll work out what minus 1 minus 3 over minus 1 plus i is actually equal to. Still equal to minus 4 over minus 1 plus i and we can simplify that by multiplying by minus 1 minus i over minus 1 minus i.  And okay this is a complex number where the real and imaginary parts are the same so it lies on the line y equals x and its argument is clearly equal to pi over 4. Now let's look at the other complex number 3i and substitute that into the expression. Let's find 3i minus 3 over 3i plus i. Obviously that's 3i minus 3 over 4i and we can simplify that by multiplying by minus i over minus i. That gives us 3 plus 3i over 4 or 3 quarters plus 3 quarters of i. And again that's clearly on the line y equals x and so it's clearly got argument pi over 4. So that shows that both minus 1 and 3i lie on the locus that we're talking about. Okay now we're asked to sketch it and to label these points on the sketch. So it looks something like this. It's an arc of a circle which begins at 3 and goes anticlockwise round to the point minus i. And obviously it's a major arc. Minus 1 is there on the negative real axis and 3i is up there on the positive imaginary axis. So this is the sketch. The next part of the question tells us to find the center and radius of the circle of which the locus is a part. We've got to give the radius in exact form. Now we can do this just by looking at the sketch. Clearly the center of the circle is the same distance away from minus 1 as it is from 3 because they're both points on the circle. So that means that the center must be on the perpendicular bisector of the line joining minus 1 to 3 because that's the line of all the points which are the same distance from minus 1 as from 3. And by the way this is the line where x is equal to 1. In a similar way the center must be on the horizontal line that's the perpendicular bisector of the line joining minus i to 3i because obviously it's the same distance away from minus i as it is from 3i and that horizontal line is the set of all points which are the same distance away from 3i as minus i. And obviously this is the line y equals 1. Okay so that tells us where the center of the circle is. It's at x equals 1 y equals 1. In other words it's the complex number 1 plus i. To find the radius we just have to look at the distance between 1 plus i and the real number 3. And that distance is going to be the square root of 2 squared plus 1 squared because 2 is the distance between them along the real axis and 1 is the distance between them along the imaginary axis. So the radius is the square root of 5. And that's the end of that question. One more question, question 16. We told that p represents a complex number where z minus 2 equals z minus 2i. And first of all we've got to find the locus of p. Well this is easy. This is the locus of points which are the same distance away from 2 as they are from 2i because the modulus of z minus 2 is the distance of z from 2 and the modulus of z minus 2i is the distance of z from 2i. Well the locus of points which are the same distance away from 2 as from 2i is the perpendicular bisector of the line joining 2 to 2i. So it's a diagonal line like this which looks rather like y equals x. So now on to the meat of the question. This gives us a transformation from the z plane to the w plane defined by w equals z over z minus 2i. I've got to show that t maps the locus of p in the z plane to a circle in the w plane. I've also got to find a Cartesian equation of this circle. Okay so the method is to start with w equals z over z minus 2i and rewrite it to make z the subject. So first of all let's multiply both sides by z minus 2i. So w times z minus 2i equals z. Then multiply out the brackets so wz minus 2i w equals z, wz minus z equals 2i w and so on. We'll keep going factorizing that. w minus 1 times z equals 2i w and therefore z is 2i w over w minus 1. So now we've got z in terms of w. z is 2i w over w minus 1 and we know that the modulus of z minus 2 is the modulus of z minus 2i. So what we do now is we substitute our expression for z into the modulus equation and then we'll get an equation that only involves w. So we know that the modulus of 2i w over w minus 1 minus 2 is the modulus of 2i w over w minus 1 minus 2i. This is an equation that only involves w and if we simplify it it should be equivalent to the equation of a circle. So let's have a go at simplifying it. An obvious first step is to multiply everything by w minus 1 so that we don't have to deal with fractions and that gives us this. The modulus of 2i w minus 2 lots of w minus 1 is the modulus of 2i w minus 2i times w minus 1. Multiplying out the brackets we can simplify slightly especially on the right hand side which just turns into the modulus of 2i. Now it's a bit tricky having a complex number times w so let's factorize that out. So what we'll get is the modulus of 2i minus 2 times the modulus of w plus 2 over 2i minus 2 is equal to the modulus of 2i. Now the modulus of 2i minus 2 is 2 root 2 if you think about how far it is away from the origin and the modulus of 2i is just 2 and if you divide both sides by 2 times the square root of 2 we've now got the modulus of w plus 2 over 2i minus 2 is 1 over root 2. Now this is nearly simple enough to say what the locus of p is in the w plane. The only problem is that we don't know what complex number 2 over 2i minus 2 is so let's write that out. 2 over 2i minus 2 can be simplified by multiplying by 2i plus 2 over 2i plus 2. So that's 4i plus 4 over the square of 2i minus the square of 2 which is 4i plus 4 over minus 4 minus 4 or 4i plus 4 over minus 8 so that complex number is minus a half minus a half of i and now we know this we can say that the locus we're looking at is that the modulus of w minus a half minus a half of i is 1 over the square root of 2 or put a different way so that the modulus of w minus a half plus a half of i is 1 over the square root of 2 and this should be familiar this is the equation of a circle whose center is at a half plus a half of i and whose radius is 1 over root 2 and the Cartesian equation of that circle if we say that w is u plus iv is the square of u minus a half plus the square of v minus a half is equal to a half okay i hope you've found it useful having a look at these questions thank you very much for watching