All right today, I'm gonna talk about that that is a new rate that I just posted on animation buffet But you can get this at squiggly rigs and if you click here you get your download options You can get more if you want to buy more, but if you just want to know more you can go into the rake shop And you can go down here. That's where I was you can click here and it gives you a bit of a Overview in terms of details Good demo in terms of what is going on with this rig So when you open it up in Maya, this is what you get. This is your rig With cute textures there and right off the bat. I think it would be really cool I mean the textures will be gone for the eyes there But you could assign a different color to your character and then it just becomes a very versatile interesting Cartoony rig for basic animation You might even add a bit of a nose there if you wanted to but if you do add the textures You can see it's a cute little mummy now right off the bat I don't know why I go to the legs probably should not but you got your main controllers here all The classic stuff for your feet, but as you can see there is a lot more Where you have your switcher here I Kfk switch Then on the side here you got your separate controllers for full control Then on here you have controls on the back for Rotation like that on here you have just the backside and for a foot roll So when you go on here, usually you have channels for foot roll But this is all done through controllers here and then here you would have That which is cool, you know dance pose and then up front you have your toe up and down Up here you have an IK So up and down which is cool Up here you have a bit of a Squishiness which let's see can we scale we can if you so desire And I think that's that for the foot At least at this point here You got your classic Ben bows and No scale, that's fine, too. I was kind of checking but you got a big amount of control in terms of how you can change up The look of this which is always pretty cool all the way up to here That's your left IK hip control Let's go all the way back here and bring it back to normal Then you got your knee controls. You got Pull vector for knees. So as you go up somewhere else in my craziness here You would take that and move it around. This is all through this controller There's nothing in the channel as I can see for those who might potentially prefer that And then you have your hips Pivoting off here now looking at this. I don't see anything I don't see why I would have to go in here, but as you take your hips I mean there is an immediate Squash and stretchiness which is awesome Now if you just control this it's going to influence your spine as well So I took a peek around so that you don't have to watch me But I was trying to find an extra controller where you can turn this off meaning that if you move the hips that just the hips Are moving around and not influencing Um the chest if I do this this is your root Not as smooth as I was hoping it to be But that's fine. But again, I don't see Anything here, even if you're the master controller I don't see any options and must be missing something as always feel free anybody who watches this to add something to this But I'm trying to find options to turn this off to turn the stretchiness off or do Change this so it does not affect um the The spine because that's a bit of a bummer Again, I'm not seeing this here and I'm doing this as always as kind of like a first look on the rig There's always something that I will probably miss And I will do some more research and as always post it in the comments any updates that I see what I like Doing my first kind of views on rigs to see if it's something Intuitive or not.  It's interesting to see that when you do your Your chest control here doesn't influence the rest of the arms. That's cool. So this would be Your ikfk switch. Let's go back to ik here And you got all your controls with stretchiness Which is always interesting to see you have your smear control Which is very cool. I do like that a lot Um, you have all your finger controls And on here, this is your overall hand controlling up her finger you have Separate scale if you want to do that. You got oh you got immediate built-in poses For quick blocking is interesting. I like that actually Tightening all that and also quick rotations if you need to But you can always of course do this with Those controls. That's cool. Actually, I like that a lot. Same thing here on your bend bows everything Is bending accordingly and then you can still move your ik Hands Actually, that's worth noting here that as you move your ik arm the wrist Stays put in terms of rotations I'm always a bigger fan that if you do this that you would have an automatic alignment with the forearm But I would say almost every rig does not do that. I'm just used to this from work And then you can always constrain this and orient constrain if you want to keep your rotation But I was kind of bummed that rigs don't have that going back to fk You will see that the bend bows stay put which is always good to know. I don't see any other Options here. Ah, you have a follow chest On these it's on this controller here So if I do that I have this here that Nothing here. It's the bigger controller here Yeah, follows the chest cool. I like that you have that option on an fk arm But again, I'm not seeing anything extra which is it's a little bit odd I must be missing something in terms of body options. I don't see it here. There's nothing in the layers Where you can potentially add different things to it in terms of, um, you know, there's The squishiness and the squash like I'm a big fan that it does this automatically Would love to see a way to change this. What is this here? You got your scapula. All right, and that is translate and rotate which is always cool And here is your chest control Where you have that and again because it's on on the other side, you can see there's a arm follow You also have volume Which I don't think would affect The squishiness whereas my chest control trying to make this without zooming in Here you are No, no influence there All right, just checking just checking Then go down here. That is your head. So you have There must be this one here. All right, so this is kind of your lower neck upper neck where You know, I see stuff here, but there's nothing where Is it back there headspace? There you go neck world Still does that and then we have if you change anything on this ooh, what is this? Interesting is that a feature headspace world neck that should not be a feature where it detaches unless Again, there's something that I'm missing as always. This is kind of like a first look If you're completely new to this rig, what is this? Um, well, let me go to the other ones later on. So this is again your overall head that you can take off and detach which is kind of cute You have here a forehead It's kind of interesting doesn't replicate the textures But if you want to take the textures off do something where you have Something of the forehead almost brow options. It's interesting Still kind of confused about that neck and world option there that might be slightly above I am also looking for a world Object local and so on option here Um, as you do this, I would like that head to not pikish in terms of having the same rotation I was a fan of options again. I might be missing something but as of now just looking at this I'm not seeing this what I do see here. What is that? Ooh, that is your Squash options taking the eyes as well with it which is kind of cool Mainly on translates there It's kind of cool like that. This should probably be the jaw Ooh, this is a lip a lip option That you can also pull That is definitely good interesting So what is what here that is more squashy-ness Back there That's what we saw here. That must be the middle squashy-ness and that is It's a technical term squashy-ness Definitely through here I'm assuming this will do it as well. Very cool. Definitely a lot of options on the eyes and you probably have an overall Can I select this? Yes overall eyebrow control with individual fairly flexible there Eyebrow control. What is this must be? Oh, you want horns? Something bigger if you so desire as always I see a controller here. That must be the top squash And stretch no scale no rotate. All makes sense. That is translate only Very cool. I think this I did already. Nope. That is the jaw for the jaw control Which is cool. So you got that just checking Ooh, there is no There is no translates So would you do this with that? Nope. That was the head one And is that maybe on the lower? I guess not. That was curious. Sometimes on jaw controls you have also Translates But I guess you would do that with that, but then the Teeth don't follow so you would have to compensate with this What is this? That's the overall Interesting that also takes the tongue interesting. So there's a lot of customization Maybe some of the things I would have expected to be slightly different You do have shapes here just quickly and was a fan just for quick blocking things out You have hold on let's bring this Up just a bit more that is the wrong one this guy So looks like cheek And that must be upper cheek. That's lower eye You have more squishiness here in terms of movements. That's all cool you got overall Interesting overall. Oh, there's a limit too. Yeah, I can't go fully in so overall cheek Let's go mouth corner that do take the teeth and I'm assuming here Is just the shapes With all kinds of details Cool You do have upper teeth control Yes, you do that is the whole thing you do have scale If you want to and of course everything Down here To move this out however you want if I do this and Take this. Yes. It does all of that And there is actually a tooth change Let me see. Hold on before we go there. You have eyes Of course like that and individually which is cool Nice on the scale you can do your pupil changes you have Oh visibility cool. So again, if you want to make this a different You got opening and closing a different more regular rate. That's not a mummy. You can take all those options away and probably also go in there and change the This colors of it and then you have also evil eyes Oh, here's the follow head. Ah interesting So but that's for the eyes, huh? Yeah, yeah interesting You do have Rotations. Oh, so you do want to change rotations to some degree here. So still more options changing those eyes And I was looking for are the teeth So if you go here, I don't see it here. These are inputs and tweaks I don't see it here So let me pause and search All right, so I did find it took me a little bit, but It might be interesting to maybe have that on the tooth control and maybe not on On this I mean it is on the jaw. So it's not that confusing I'm just Not that smart again, so you got your evil Evil ones here. So the same thing if you want to do evil and evil You do have that Other than that, I think that's pretty much it. You got your squid squash and stretch everywhere here. You got your tongue controls I saw everything here. You got your sight Squash and stretch definitely a lot of options and definitely a fan of all those quick pose options Um, and there I say I am Clearly this is not it. I mean this was this I'm still slightly Confused these are your outputs here Um being able to change this. I don't see anything here I guess you would have to compensate and counter which I'm not Big fan of so I'm totally breaking the rig at this point, but I was just kind of looking and again if anybody knows this Let me know the comments As I'm doing kind of a first time blind rig overview Now that being said when you open the scene here You have multiples and you can go in there and you can reference that in I'm going to open it up separately So you got your separate arms and this goes all the way back to Eyes and heads so you can bring in multiples if you want to for all kinds of things which you actually see in here So that's the only thing I didn't Look at as well as the extra clasp string with M gear spring system.  We said you got all the details here as well Other than that, this was my first overview It's kind of creepy just ahead here. Let me bring back the actual Rig for no reason and just leaving it Like that. There you go So that was my look kind of first time look for this rig comments are open If you have used this rig as well And you have other things that you want to talk about that I missed that I should Mention in the comments or that other people want to see as you comment So again comments are open and that is it. I will leave it at that. Thank you for watching


Welcome to this unit, which discusses the principles of human speech from the production of a sound wave to the transmission of it through the air to its perception by a listener. In the virtual session you can use the question sheet as default guidance, but you can also go through all components on your own. The main goal is to find out the properties of communication in general and of human speech in particular. Furthermore, this unit defines the branches of phonetics. The mastery worksheet is a simple multiple choice test with questions about communication and speech. After the virtual session you should not find this test difficult at all. And the practical is all about speech, about speech production as well as perception. Easy to manage. So all in all challenging for a start but simple enough to cope with. Good luck.


Well, welcome everyone to this year's Caixin debate and Caixin is China's most trusted media company on finance and business news. I'm leashing the managing editor of Caixin Global. And our topic today is very exciting, in my view, probably the most exciting topic on this year's Star Wars is called, manufacturing's moonshots are landing. Are we ready for the next wave? Well, how complex and advanced manufacturing has become is often hidden from the mainstream narrative. The stereotype is often it's sturdy, it's massive in scale, and it's relatively creating low income jobs. But it's never that easy and that simple. It's hugely impactful, creating jobs and increasing social equality. For instance, in China's case, it helps lifting almost 1 billion people out of poverty. And it's incredibly complex, a passenger car takes 20,000 parts, a Boeing airplane is probably 46 million parts, and manufacturing requires, and in turn, cultivates a country's innovative power. And these are all the topics our speakers will help us discuss today, together with the moonshots that we're so excited about. And our five speakers on the stage, let me start with the gentleman on my left-hand side, Minister Ashwini Vashnal, Minister of Railways, Communications, Electronics and Information Technology of India, a very wide portfolio, welcome minister. Thank you. And second is George Oliver, Chairman and CEO of Johnson Controls, and also a member of the Alliance of CEO Climate Leaders. And in the middle, the lady is Rivatti Advati, and the CEO of Flex, and also a member of Alliance of CEO Climate Leaders, and Mr. Vimal Kapoor, CEO of Honeywell, and last but not least, Michael Swiss, the Executive Chairman of Oralicum. Oralicum. Oralicum. Yes. All right. Well, a few housekeeping words. This session is live broadcasted with platforms as well as cross-siching platforms in Chinese and English. And the audiences are welcome to share on social media using hashtag with 24. And now we can get started with my most exciting thing. What are the moonshots and what are the technologies that we'll really break through likely to transfer the business and the industry, if I can start with Michael. So you asked me to introduce, first, Oralicum a little bit, we are Swiss-based tech companies, especially in metal science, material science, coding, 3D printing, and then we have another leg, but we don't touch that too much today. That's about machines for textile and non-textile industries to produce the yarns. So when we remember, I think we had a panel a year ago, the moonshots haven't changed, but we have maybe exercised better and we are on the way to exercise better. So it's all about digitalisation in different approaches. So a country like the US, where we are short on workforce, we have even to push more. Same as in Europe. You have in Germany, you have two million open jobs if you don't find the people. So we have to drive productivity by digitalisation, by robotic, new materials. We meanwhile develop materials on AI based so that you can shrink the time from years, maybe two months to figure out new materials and in combination with AM, with an additive manufacturing, where you can do it in a synth based way or in a laser bed production. The case is we can design parts totally different and we talk a while about that and the speed of AM was not that fast as we thought, but there was other reasons for that, but the combination of new materials with robotics, with advanced manufacturing that doesn't tell us the traditional ones, the milling, drilling, forging will disappear. It's only adding an additional element how we can produce and it's all about manufacturing because we need jobs, we need to create wealth and the only modern society who is doing that is an industrial society, much better than anyone else. So we are obliged to go for these moonshots and we have achieved a lot in a very young industry because digitalisation is pretty young. Robotics is older but to make robotics with co-bos and in combination with hybrid systems with people and simple solutions, not always super sophisticated solutions, plus then to use new materials, lighter materials, different ways of designing materials, this will bring us forward to the next level of manufacturing. Thank you. Thank you, Michael. And if I may come to Rivaati, what would be the moonshots that you see that will change our life? So the company I lead flex, Flextronics, we're a contract manufacturing company, we're one of the world's largest contract manufacturing company, make everything from consumer electronic products to medical device products to things for the technology world or the industrial sector. So a varied set of things that we make in 30 different countries, so fairly broad. So I live and breathe the world of manufacturing and supply chain. I would say I find the word moonshot interesting because if you think about the world of manufacturing, a lot has happened in the last two decades, whether you think about global supply chains and manufacturing moving around the world, maybe due to labour arbitrage, maybe due to efficiency or productivity reasons, the whole trend of why we did what we did, maybe it was for reasons of productivity, brings us to the question of did manufacturing actually gain productivity in the last two decades? One could debate that and say, no, really, that didn't really happen. The world of manufacturing today, particularly discreet manufacturing, tends to be fairly small and fairly disparate in terms of how manufacturing and operations actually occur. Most of us think of our operations as large fabs or a lot of robotics and amazing lights out automation, that's not how most of the world operates. So when I think about a moonshot, I'm very excited about AI, which we have to talk about, because there is a hope that it provides an equalization of what manufacturing can be versus what it has been. So for me, the moonshot would be that whether it is large factories that have tremendous capex available or small factories which use a lot of disparate systems can really achieve the same level of efficiency and productivity globally and provide a level playing field across wherever you are in the world. So for me, that would be the key differentiator that I see in the future. And I think something like AI provides the opportunity to head in that direction. Well, both Oliver and Vyma are nodding with your answer. So what is the new era of manufacturing you envision? So John's controls were leader in building solutions, delivering smart, healthy, sustainable building solutions. Our global company, about 100,000 employees located across about 150 markets. So we're very diverse in what we do. The strategy is making sure that we've got the right technology in our product. We've got the right digital application so that as we deploy the product, we can utilize all of the data and ultimately differentiate the type of solutions that we can deliver for our customers. The industry is being disrupted with technology and a lot of the opportunity that we have around decarbonization happens to be in the building. Buildings represent about 40% of the global carbon. And so what we're doing in the building is similar to what we're doing in manufacturing. How do you create a total connected building or how do you create manufacturing with a digital thread right from the engineering model to how you design the manufacturing process to how you do build materials to how you then process through the conversion and then ultimately how you connect to the customer through the lifecycle. And so when you think about that, that does fundamentally change what we do in manufacturing. And I think the moonshot is speed because I think in today's environment where when we look at manufacturing statistics, we would measure in weeks or months with lead times and cycle times where I think tomorrow's environment is going to be hours and days as far as and then the productivity that is gained from that is not only right from applying AI. So the moonshot to speed is data. So companies that can consume all of the data and put the data to work productively and to end is what is ultimately going to create speed. And so I think right from what you do commercially, AI is going to be a big enabler to be able to get more accurate forecasting and then how that then converts through the manufacturing processes. So we're a mixed manufacturer. We have HVAC large equipment with large facilities as well as we have manufacturing of electronic components that go into building management systems. And the differentiation that we have in the market is now the ability to be able to take all of the building systems together to be able to then not only with leadership technology within the product, but then getting that totally connected within the building and creating outcomes and the outcomes that we can create in the built environment now is reducing energy 40, 50 percent, getting much healthier environments with indoor air quality and ultimately then getting a digital experience for the occupant of the building. So that is when we think about a moonshot, it's all about companies that can really embrace and consume data and then put it to work right from the value creation to the customer to how it's actually fulfilled to the customer and through the life cycle. Antrim, do you agree? That's something that you... Yeah, so I'm going to agree to everything said by all the speakers, but I'm going to put a slightly different perspective. So absolutely digital transformation, use of IoT, use of AI, use of connected, that's a moonshot. But also the new technologies which are getting created which are yet to be scaled. So think about large scale semiconductor manufacturing which has to be scaled in many parts of the world. That's not easy. Not much has been done what we want to do in the future, but if you also put in perspective new technologies which have to materialize to solve the problems of the future with some of which Honeywell is working on. So Honeywell is really working on three big macros of aviation, automation and energy transition. I'm excited about moonshot of urban air mobility. We all want flying taxis. Guess what? It will be here soon. That's a moonshot because it's a new platform which doesn't exist. It's a human innovation again coming into action to create something or energy transition requires some new molecules which have to create at a cost position, green hydrogen. For example, how to get a cost position which everybody can afford. That's a moonshot. Creating new sensors by which the world becomes more productive. So the moonshot is not about leveraging the technologies like digital, like AI, but also thinking about how manufacturing is going to be the new tech of the future. Because one thing which I get a little bit personally offended to say you're not a tech company, we solve technical problems which are far more difficult than what is called tech company. It's not easy to fly a plane at 800 kilometers an hour safely and land it. And when it doesn't land, we all know it, but we do it every day. That's a technology. Semiconductor manufacturing is a technology. So those moonshots have to be appreciated and they all have to be scaled in the times to come. So after the sharing, very impressive insights from the private sector, I want to turn to Minister Ashmini. And for all the exciting potentials for the manufacturing, how is that contributing to the health of the country's economy and the well-being of the society that you probably care most about? Multiple ways. I would like to point out three things here. First, of course, there is a lot of technological advancement, digitalization is happening. New investments are happening in how manufacturing should be done. Lots of emphasis on clean energy that goes into manufacturing. From policy perspective, from government's perspective, I would like to add one more point to what all the panelists have said. The value of trust, the value of trust is very, very important, which probably we cannot put in terms of dollars and ROI, but value of trust is very, very important. The countries and societies and companies which develop trust, and that is not a single dimensional thing, that is a multi-dimensional thing, trust in terms of, okay, if you are using clean energy with full conviction, that is trust. If you are making sure that you are going to meet your commitments, that's a normal contractual thing, but going beyond those normal contractual things and getting into uncertain circumstances is still meeting those commitments, that's trust. So trust is going to be a very big factor. The second very big factor which is going to be going forward is how we restructure the supply chains, post all the disruptions that we have seen. And yes, there are ideas about near-shoring, friend-shoring, all kind of stuff is there, but I think what is going to be more important is flexibility in the way we think, flexibility in the way we design our manufacturing processes and lots and lots of ability to rapidly adapt to new challenges. These two things will be very important going forward. So watch out for the value of trust and also continue enhancing the flexibility. Shun, can we just build on the end-to-end supply chain and particularly coming out of the supply chain crisis that we have had recently. If you think about how the world solved for it today, we did it in the very traditional way of adding a lot of inventory, which if you think about it after all these years, when we had a crisis, we solved for it in a very, very traditional way. So the future would also be where if you build flexibility into not just manufacturing, but you're end-to-end planning, which has tremendous complexities when you're building planes or when you're building automation systems, that flexibility so eventually we don't solve these problems in the traditional way in a very capital intensive way that we have solved for in this day and age, I think is going to be very, very important because the next time you have a supply chain crisis, you want to solve it in a more efficient way, in a more capital efficient way so you don't have the issues that you had in the past and hopefully it's done in a quicker time frame, you know, than the two and three years that we've taken to solve the last crisis. So I think flexibility is the key, as the minister pointed out, and doing that end-to-end is a very complex task and I think that's also a significant area still to be solved for. And I would build on the trust factor because when you look at this and statistics in the U.S. from NAMM relative to the amount of R&D that the manufacturing companies spend, it's like 53% of the R&D, it's a big number. Manufacturing companies consume about a third of the energy and then as we think about the disruption that's going to happen from a workforce standpoint, it's going to require a different set of skill sets. And so I think when you think about that, the importance of the manufacturing sector in being able to develop those skill sets to be able to create more sustainable manufacturing facilities. So as we're driving towards net zero, how do you right from the ground up build net zero buildings that ultimately are much more sustainable around water conservation or recirculation or reduced energy demand. And so I think companies in the manufacturing space do have a large responsibility not only to continue the innovation but to really set the stage for how the next generation workforce is developed and ultimately how everything is done sustainable. Is that something you concern about as well that when you move up the advancement of the manufacturing, how do you deal with the workforce? So I think the workforce challenge is underestimated. Aviation is our biggest segment. Our number one problem is people who can make the product. That's our biggest supply chain constraint. I have to deal with my customers because they're unhappy. We're growing volume by 20% on a very large base. They expect us to grow 40%. So the labor part of the problem has to be solved. What excites me to what you mentioned earlier, the AI is a significant solution for skilled labor. It's not replacement, but it's a supplement. And how the AI can be used to make less experienced people more productive is a significant part of the solution. How to make workforce use different tools is a significant part of the solution. And that was underestimated. So when we talk about AI, the immediate attention go to chat GPT and large language models. Not that it doesn't excite me. But if the fix, the focus in context of manufacturing and apply AI in context of workforce, the opportunities are immense because now it becomes a moonshot in context of how manufacturing will be done and also attractive to draw new talent because manufacturing did not draw talent for the last decades and it is not a place to be. But how the manufacturing is evolving, I think it definitely is an opportunity for us to think differently. I would like to build upon the talent point. And I think this is one area where the public and private sector will have to cooperate very actively. I'll give one example. In India, we have a program called Future Skills that we are doing with NASCOM. This is a program where the government and the private sector, both of them are actively collaborating because the skill requirement can change very rapidly. It's no longer that somebody has come out of a school, learn forging or learned machining and continue to live that life. So the world changes very fast these days. So we need to have a very active, very proactive way of looking at skilling and the public and private sector should, at least in India, we think that public and private sector should proactively collaborate on this. And what we get in addition, if you think about manufacturing a little bit in a wider range, not only the factory itself, and as you mentioned, factories will be more flexible, smaller, dislocated to orchestrate that. Coming from, we're talking in 30 years about customer centric. And you have always the, I would say, the rivalry because what a company, technic-wise, can provide and what a customer is looking for. Sometimes it's equal, sometimes it's, they don't even talk each other. With the instruments we have in hand now, we, for example, we're operating 500 coders around the globe in 37 different nations. We are in almost all technologies. So we do airfoil coding on one hand and handbags for Louis Vuitton on the other hand. We do 3D parts for the defense sector as well as for luxury. And with that range and with all the daters, you can talk much better about what is the customer demand? What is the capability requirement on our people? And what is the availability? Because that's different. If I'm looking in US for people for the factory or for the engineering sector, totally different than if I look for people in India or China. I get the other people because engineering has a different social status. The way how we orchestrate that then and how we organize it, it's really from customer, R&D and manufacturing in a triangle and then to use that, what we have meanwhile with all this digitalization, AI, new technologies, new materials to orchestrate it in the right way. And to do that then, this will happen then in more in the verticals. If you're then in the aerospace or in automotive or in general industry applications. And this is the power of manufacturing because this helps us reinventing ourselves all the time again. And as a company like mine, founded in 1876, wouldn't exist anymore if there would not have been over all the generations, over the power to reinvent and not to stand still. And this is our huge opportunity. And by the way, I definitely believe in this what the minister said, French roaring or whatever, I would phrase it. New phrase is always nice. Trust roaring. You go where you have the highest trust that you find capable people, good environmental environment, energy available and affordable, capital available, affordable. So you go where you have the trust that you can stay for a while and not going in and then you have to leave immediately again because of some geopolitical issues. This is an additional dimension which doesn't make our life easier because in the past maybe you had to look what your competition is doing. Now you have to look what the different countries are doing, what they're providing you, what the frame agreements you have. But this is our world. On the other hand, that's why I'm super optimistic. It's a global world of eight billion people with a lot of challenges, but all that needs a lot of technical solutions and we are the ones who can provide that. And in that process, like you just described to unleash the power of manufacturing, what kind of smart policies the government can come out to facilitate that? Minister has given one example from India, probably can share with us more. I think from government perspective, we will be very, we will be successful if we focus a lot on the energy which is going into manufacturing. For example, in our case for manufacturing semiconductors, we have taken a very clear call that all our semiconductor fabs will be consuming absolutely 100% clean energy. We are setting up a 30,000 megawatt solar and wind hybrid plant which will be the largest clean energy plant at one location. The current largest plant is 7,000 megawatts. This will be 30,000 megawatts. So from government perspective, it will be very important to provide that ecosystem, provide that architecture, structure where clean energy can go into manufacturing because that's going to be very important going forward. That's fun. The second is because the technology cycles are changing very fast, the ability of private sector to invest in R&D will be limited compared to the past. So that is where the governments will have to chip in for R&D and that will be win-win for all because that improves efficiency, that adds more jobs and that creates a more sustainable economy. These are the two points I would like to make. Yeah, I would agree with the minister. And we talked earlier today is I think the two biggest areas would be, first is definitely availability of good sustainable power, right? So we were just talking about it before we came in here. We all talk a lot about AI, but the availability of power is going to be the next crisis, right? So wherever we can have good clean power available is good for manufacturing growth. So I think that's a huge enabler if government can support manufacturing for that. And then the second I would say is workforce skilling. If there's a concentrated focus in terms of public-private partnership in terms of workforce skilling, I think that's also a really, really important area because technology is moving fast and changing fast. And that I think is a significant ownership on both parties here to provide the right skills. And I'd say that is also a significant amount of work that we could partner with governments across the world on. So one of the things that we've been working on, heat pumps is a huge business for us and the technology in heat pumps has really significantly advanced over the last few years. And when you look at the way building systems and buildings today that are fossil fuel compared to now replacing that with a heat pump that can do both heating and cooling, you can get three, four, five times the efficiency. And so governments have in the U.S. there's been incentives for expanding not only are we investing more heavily in R&D, but the government's also investing with us in the manufacturing capacity for heat pumps. And then more on the deployment, governments across the globe because as we've been educating governments and the like to get the right policy, the right stimulus and the like to begin to accelerate this transition, there's been a lot of incentives around deploying heat pumps into service whether it be in the residential space or in the commercial space. And so when you do bring the public and private sector together to understand the problem you're solving, how you're gonna solve it and you have shared incentives is ultimately what helps drive acceleration. I'm just gonna add another dimension to this discussion. I think governments of course have to take a lead in policy, but I'm a firm believer there are specifically for energy transition. You have to remember that our predecessor took 100 years to create the current infrastructure. Our generation has to do it in 25. So we have to do things four times faster and therefore four times differently. Technology is big enabler, that companies like Honeywell and JCF, Johnson's Control and this is what we create. And I don't doubt technology enablement being a deterring factor, but the policy gets enabled by social awareness. If people are aware, I always give this example. We all are open to buy EV cars because we think it's our contribution to climate change, but how many of us are aware that we can also pay 30 or 40% more in the plane ticket because that will enable jet fuel to move to sustainable fuel? Are we ready or are we not ready? Are we expecting governments to subsidize or we are going to subsidize? It really boils down to the policy have to go with the consumer education and more so in democratic countries where it's a cycle of process. More consumers are aware, it becomes a point of debate in the social circle and then it drives the policy. And I think we undermine that point to me the reason the adoption of new technologies when energy transition is slower is because social awareness is poor. People believe, for example, carbon capture is bad. That's absolutely a wrong notion. There is no solution available in this planet without that. But why is that problem? Because there's not much awareness and education and that's what we all have to collaborate with the governments and large companies to get that feasibility and then governments policy aligned with that because they're trying to help to move the cause and progression of this. But the issue here is that, and it's a real issue, do politicians in society are open enough to understand the power of technology? What you can do and what you can achieve if you want to? Or are we dogmatic and say this is the solution or this is the result and this is the way you have to go? And we see very often that governments are not giving a frame and say, look, achieve that but take all your tools you have on hand. But they tell us already how we have to do so. So with the coatings we have in jet engines, airlines saving 25 million tons carbon dioxide a year. We can put more in. We can use synthetic fuels. We can even drive with synthetic fuels. We can go in green hydrogen but we have to know that there's a price tag behind it. And if some societies decide to do so and others not, then you will have a disruption because they will not be competitive anymore. And in the end there's as well a race for wealth. So sustainable wealth could be the question, how you get there? And without taking away something from someone because there will be immediately a reaction of defending but adding more. As a minister of Bahrain yesterday said in a GCC meeting was pretty interesting and said whether they ask about competition between the Gulf States. He said there is no competition because the pie grows faster than we can grow. So there is only contributing. I think this is a very interesting view on that. If we are able to create the growth with a combination of demand and needs we have and the opportunities we have technology wise and sometimes we have the solution not fully ready but we have good ideas about it. Then technicians have to have the chance to make it happen. Another politician tells me then this is the solution you have to go, don't go this way. Be much more open as a society and only frame as a society, a competitive frame. This is really what we need and we are far away from the size you are. But without our technologies most of your products wouldn't work. That's a long wish list minister. Starting from the workforce, just improving the workforce capability to improving the government commitment to increasing social awareness and then to create more growth and demand. So how would you respond to all the requests and wish list coming from the private sector? I agree with the point that the governments and the public sector must have a much better understanding of technology, have an open mind because end of the day, both the government and the private sector are basically working for betterment of the society. The objective is aligned, the means must also be aligned and that is one way of developing a good, healthy, sustainable and progressive way of governing a country. And at least in our country, the regime that we have today is very open minded, very open to listening and the results are there in front of us. For example, let's take electronics manufacturing. 10 years ago, practically very small amount of electronics manufacturing used to happen but because we listened to the industry in the last 10 years, we listened to the ideas that came. Today we have 100 plus billion dollar electronics manufacturing industry. Mobile manufacturing in a very short frame of 10 years from 98% import, today we have become 99% self-sufficient and have started exporting. So that's possible, I fully agree that if it's an open mind, healthy debate, listening to ideas, putting that frame and let the private sector have that creativity to find the solutions, I think that's the way to go. Yeah. And come back to the private sector, moonshots are expensive and many times it cannot be achieved by one company alone. So as business leaders, how would you balance the moonshots aspiration and short-term profitability and also how would you collaborate with companies, ecosystem, upper and lower stream? Who would like to take that? I would say that the reinvestment of most manufacturing companies today, especially positioning to be able to capitalize on this new economy, this significant reinvestment whether it be digital technologies, use of data, analytics, AI, because at the end of the day, that is the fuel for growth. And the manufacturing economy, if you look at the US, I believe it's the manufacturing economy, if you say it's a dollar, it creates $3 in the economy. It's a big catalyst of the overall economic growth. And so the reinvestment and getting that right, getting that aligned to customers, getting it aligned to the problems that we're solving, whether it be sustainability, healthy buildings or productivity across other vertical industries, I think there's a significant opportunity to be able to get the productivity, to be able to reinvest, and then be able to then deliver on solving these problems. And I think economically, it does support a higher level of reinvestment. For me, I feel like, I think the return is very obvious and it is there. And the reason I'll say this is because most of manufacturing today, maybe outside of a few very large lights out kind of manufacturing, is built up of maybe 25, 30, 40 different software systems that are gerry-rigged together to run a factory. And the ability to tie all that together in a clean and elegant way, to make faster decisions, whether it is in the quality side, or whether it is in the machine downtime side, or whether it is in people absenteeism and training and how you move all that around. And you overly on top of that, that most of these factories get products from 50, 60, hundreds of suppliers that come in different ways in different capacity. And then you overly on top of that forecast are inherently wrong. So you have so much of this going on in factories that to be able to solve those in small ways and big ways, whether you're using AI to solve for it, or whether you're using just planning products to solve for it in terms of end-to-end supply chain, the returns are absolutely there. So I think that case is very easily made, I'm sure, for most of us. I'm not worried about that at all. I think it's more about implementing that pace of change and being able to keep up with it is gonna be the harder thing. But I think the returns are all, is definitely there. I would tend to agree if it's the technologies you have on hand. So if we take our classical coatings, where we take the next generation, so for example, cutting tools, where lifetime gets 50% up with the next generation of coatings, or high entropy oxides, which we have in the next generation of thermal spray on turbines, where you have 50 degrees higher turbine intake, which means either less fuel or higher performance with a much better erosion when you have sand environment. These are things which will pay back very fast. If I look in a company our size, digitalization, or 3D printing, this is an uphill battle you have to afford. And you can only put one or two of them, and we have chosen that too, because investors sometimes even claim hi, when is the payback and when it comes. But these are future technologies, either you're in or you're out in 10 years, or you have to buy it probably for two or three billion to get a position again. So here you have to decide what you can additionally, besides that what's your core business is, what you can afford which is close to your core business. And that balance we have to play and then for sure we have to explain why we do that. About again, yes. Yes, a quick one, I would add the, you know that this is a phase in which the leadership team of industrial companies have to be spending direct energy on where the R&D dollars are invested. So if I take example of Honeywell, we spend $1.6 billion a year on R&D. So that's a lot of money. The question is what is that money doing? And if, and there's gonna be failure rate for some new technologies and we'd be prepared of say half 50% success rate. And that process has to mature if the leadership team is directly engaged and willing to accept some failure. And I think we as a company have done very good job of drawing them that balance. I'm not giving self credit, but we want to establish as a reference, Honeywell invested in quantum computing, nobody told us to do that. You know, it's a one in, you know, of its type. We invested in urban air mobility, nobody told us to do that. So we have ability to see the trends. Some of the investment we are making which is a big problem planet has to solve is energy storage, flow batteries. We believe that lithium-ion batteries are not suitable for large-term energy storage. Nobody has told us to invest in flow battery and probability of success is 50%. Maybe it won't work. So our ability to take that measured risk and direct the money at the right place is a critical success factor. Otherwise money goes into current products, making them better. And then there's a lot of money but can get spent in a, get consumed without being very, without making meaningful impact to the planet. Fascinating. And before we open up for question, which I would promise you will, here right now, I want to hear a little bit more about the, how people can leverage the Center for Advanced Manufacturing and the supply chains and the web platform. And both of you are involved in this. So probably quickly comment on that. I'd say just simply that the Center for Advanced Manufacturing that WEF runs has tremendous amount of information available. So for example, there's a cybersecurity handbook that's coming out for manufacturing here in 2024. So if you have supply chains or suppliers who are small and don't have a good cybersecurity framework as an example, there's no need to go create it. Go to the Center for Advanced Manufacturing and take it because that's what it's there for. So there are many important areas like this around resiliency, around efficiency, around people that the Center for Advanced Manufacturing is doing very practical work that is meant for manufacturing companies across the world to use. So I'd say go find the resource and shamefully take it because that's what it's there for. And contribute into it. Yeah, that would be great too. Anything to, okay, with that. So any questions from the floor? Yes, the gentleman, please. There is a mic, sorry. Is it on? Yeah. So I'm from Norway. I founded a company named Gelato. Good to be here. Thank you. We've connected with production hubs all around the world through software. My question is, are we not addressing the elephant in the room with Trump, like potentially being re-elected, barriers to China rise? You have sustainability and legislation coming in Europe. And all of those factors coupled with military and war, isn't that the moonshot to be able to reduce the fragility of the global supply chains in this crazy world? So I would start there. Look, as a company, we want geopolitical stability. We want work to be peaceful. We want all countries to have a free trade. And we can do everything in our power to enable that. By being global and operating fairly in every country is our contribution. But it's beyond our means to make, to become a political master and a dry piece between the countries. And I think that's where the global governance has to prevail. And I don't think many of us in this can contribute other than our best efforts because it's beyond our control. But we contribute by creating employment in all countries by providing our best services and products. That's how we provide and role of an active and responsible global citizen. I'd say I'm an optimistic person. We've been through a pandemic. We continue to go through it in some ways. We have been through a supply chain crisis, geopolitical issues. And here we're all still standing with better tools, better technology, better productivity and looking optimistically at a future that the next decade could bring good new exciting change to the areas we're in. So I believe in the power of private enterprise and I believe that it continues to be innovative and very successful in navigating through all these issues that we see. So maybe I'm being foolish thinking that way but in general, I'm optimistic about what the future holds. And probably we will have a multi-polar, hopefully not a bipolar world again. And in a multi-polar world, you have to accept that not each society is working completely according to your own values. You should only give up to be naive and where you have not the highest trust level, you have to have a plan B or something but you cannot ignore societies and you cannot exclude them. That was the move we had a couple of years about from more local instead of global but not giving up global. So the global economy was driving the wealth around this planet the last 30 years and it will drive the wealth the next 30 years. Maybe we have to be a little bit less naive on one hand to political systems and to be a little bit more tolerant and say even if it's not my way how a few thing, we have to have the capability to agree to disagree on how a society is formulating their wish how they work but that doesn't mean that we cannot make business together that we cannot develop technologies further on that we cannot create wealth more because the wealth is the base for education and education is the solution for a lot of our issues. I would agree with the panelists here because I think we all learn with the supply chain disruption really being global and we're all global companies with a global footprint but being local and you see where companies have stepped up take sustainability, driving to net zero. There's a significant amount of capital as we've made those commitments working with governments across the globe in enabling their journey to get to net zero. When we talk about supply chain localizing so that every market that we're competing in we're contributing to the economic growth and economic growth contributes to jobs and it contributes technology. That is what ultimately keeps I think a balance across the geopolitical landscape because corporations have a significant amount of the capital that gets deployed that ultimately supports the global economy. I would like to make a very quick point in a world where geopolitical uncertainties are increasing as the question actually meant. We need, yeah, we really need to have much more robust and much more inclusive multilateral organizations. The organizations which we have today were of a totally different vintage, 70 years, 80 years old. They have outlived their utility, the world has changed, the economy has changed, so many things have changed. So I think from the perspective of the question we need a significantly more inclusive multilateral organizational structure. Well, I think we're running out of time. There's some more hands going up but I'm sure you can approach the speakers after the session but I want to finish on one last question, Vimasa's, we should raise social awareness and through Saising platform a lot of audiences will be watching. So if there's one reason after all the discussion we have today there's one reason people, general audience should pay close attention to the Moonshots in manufacturing, what that will be very quickly. It affects everybody's life, so better be aware of it. Be aware of it because it affects your life. I would say embrace it as well as be cautious. I mean, there's got to be both. There's got to be this aggressive to deploy it at the same time being responsible with how it's deployed. I'd say the same as the minister. It just touches too many people. There are too many people that manufacturing employs to not pay attention to what is happening with it. I think it just affects lives and that's why it's important. And a quick one, Aladeh, there's a solution to the many problems we are facing and manufacturing is going to find those solutions. Solutions and- If you're not in the new technologies, you're out. With that, ladies and gentlemen, please join me in thanking all our panelists for the wonderful discussion.


Mae bod hoyr'r wph Odyssey'n ei dweud yn cyllideb yn cwrs fawr ac mae ddweud yn gweithio hoff �fyn. So we ar yr un immunity ac mae gyda prototype a'r w Tongan at Speydig yn fan hynny'r blaesiau yn ysgrifwyd maen nhw os ydych chi'n mynd i ddam y methu gweithio oherwydd yma, tous yn ysgrifwyd. Felly mae'n gweithio adael a mae o'n gweithio gwaith yn ein bod yn twunio'r gwneud eithaf gweithio'r adau. Mae gyda i fe wnaeth oed yma. Gweithio mewn gwirionedd a'i amgylchedd mae'n gwirionedd mae nhw gallwn gyda un oed o'r wneud. Felly mae'r bwysigol yn ddigonol, ein bwysigol yn ddigonol. Felly, mae'n ddigonol ar y cyfnodol yn cyd-dweithio'r gwahogynion mynd i'r gwybod, mae'n gweithio'r app. Yn ystod, mae'n eistedd o'r ddigonol yn y gweithio'n gweithio ar oedol, sy'n gallu wneud yn gwneud i'r ffordd sosialol. Ond mae'n gweithio'n ddigonol ar yr Arhyn Ddweudolol Acesol Cymnol, ac y cwmdeithasio cymdeithasio y Basch yn Cardiff. Ac yn ein grwp o'r rheswm y gynllun wedi'i ddweud yng Nghymru, ac ydych yn ddweud, sydd ydych yn y cymdeithiol cymdeithio sydd yn ei cyfnod, â'r rwyf yn ei wneud, i gyd, ystod ychydig bwysig ar gyfer cymdeithasio. Dda nhw'n amlwg ydyn ni'n dweud yw'r cyfnod. sy'n ei wneud y ddweud hynny, ond mae'r ddweud yw'r modr. Dwi'n cael ei fod yn ystod. Felly, dwi'n cael ei fod yn cael ei ddweud. Felly, rydyn ni'n iawn rÙl o'r ysgol yma ar gyfer y Codau Ym Mhwyllfa Llywodraethol ac ym mhwyfyrdd o'r ysgol yma, ym mhwyfyrdd o'r rhaid yma, ..a phobl gallwn gwneud hynny sy'n cael ei wneud... ..ymwesol yn gallu, i fel dim peth. Yn ymgymru yma yng Nghymru... ..y'r analysion rhai o gyfrifyddoeddwyd ac y cefnoddiant... ..y un pethau ar hyn nesaf rhyw bwysigol... Mae'r adegu i'r ysgol yng nghylch yn ychydig ar hyn o'r hyn o'r hyn o'r hyn o'r hyn o'r hyn o'r hyn o ddaeth. Y prifysgau sy'n ddod o'r cyffredin. Felly, y gallwn y rhai ychydig i'w gweithio i'w ddod o'r holl, ddyn nhw ffnwys i'r holl i'r holl, boi'n ddod o'r holl. Felly, mae'n eu bod yn oed yn ychydig. Felly, mae'n ddod o'r holl yn oed. Felly, mae'n bobl yn ddiddordeb. Gwell, yna, mae genedlau y generais yn ymdweud o'r tyn. Fel hyn yn fwy o'r tyn, dyna, mae'n meddwl ar hyn o'r tyn. Mae'r gweithio a'r ffordd yn ddigonol. Felly, mae'n bwysig yn gweithio'r app. Roeddwn i'n gweithio'n gweithio. Felly, mae'r mineb yn ymdweithio, ac mae'n mewn gwneud gweithio'n ddysgu... Mae'n rai o'r amlwg, mae'n ceisio'r appau oherwydd yn ei wneud. Yn ysgol, mae'r ffordd o'r ffordd yn y dyfodol yn y ddiagram yn dwylo, ond mae'n mynd i'n dweud i ddweud y mynd i ddim yn sicr o'r cychwyn. Prydo'n rai o'r dweud o'r data sy'n... ..eg oedd y bwysig o'r apps i'r cyffredin iawn a'i ddweud. Rydyn ni'n dweud i'r appau. Fy enw'r ysgol, rydyn ni'n gyda'r mae'r cyffredin iawn... how frequently certain apps open and close network sockets. And we make the data available to the user. I think one telling example of how our data isn't really ours. Well, what you can do is pull out your smart phone, pull out the SD card, mount it on your computer and you can access the data on your terms and not the smartphones. No, you can't, because, well, at least not with any Google Nexus device since the first one, which was meant to be given to hackers because they don't have SD card slots. I wonder why. Unless you root your device, you mount the device, there's no SD card slot, you have to access the data on the device's terms. So, press a button, our app will extrude its internal SQLite database into somewhere where the user can mount the SD card or not and get at it. And we've seen young coders doing that and getting their SQLite files, which you can play with in Python standard library, and they're merrily plotting histograms of when apps have been pestering them with notifications and starting to look at their own data. And this is the slightly ironic bit. Periodically, the app phones home and uploads suitably non-creepy anonymised data to our server, CCAN, or at least built on CCAN, which claims it's basically Drupal for data. However, we gave them a phone with the app installed on it, there's the keep and treasure, and you can't really see it, but there is a start and stop button. So, not only do you have the choice to install the app or not, you can press a stop button and you can go, right, I'm not going to play anymore. So, in some sense, yeah, we're sort of out NSAing the NSA. On the other hand, honest cub, it's there to do some sort of social good. So, what does it do? If you look at your Droid app, I mean your Droid settings, you can see that you get aggregated network traffic data. So, in the, since I last reset the counter, how much data has Facebook eaten. Wasn't my idea, actually. This was sort of doing it the sort of easy way and reading the instructions came from one of our young coders. So, instead of what we do is just fairly easy, well, I managed it, get Android service up and running and just poll networks traffic data for individual apps every half a second. And if you see a constant sort of monotonic increase in the amount of data, that's one chunk and you log it. Slightly more deviously, Android is just about still a Linux system, lurking on top of a Linux kernel. And every Android app is a user on that Linux system and there's an API call. You can find out which app corresponds to which UID. And I guess a back door, not really a back door. So, I think Google doesn't particularly worry about it apparently. You can fer it around in the proc slash whatever PID slash net slash TCP or UDP. As the case may be, you can look in that little virtual file, pull it every half a second and you get a hex encoded IP address and more tellingly and more usefully perhaps a hex encoded port. So, if our app shares a group with the other apps in question, we see their network traffic, we see their sockets. So, we know what protocols have been used, we know when it's been opened, we know the IP address and perhaps more interestingly, the port. So, do that every half a second. Not as reliable, we don't get every single bit of every single app playing ball with that. But I guess it gives us a little more information or detailed information than the standard traffic data dodge. There's a picture. You can't see it. Chrome has gone and done something at, well, nearly three o'clock in the afternoon. But it was doing on TCP 443, it was nice HTTPS, a whole lot of pull 80 stuff underneath it. Interestingly, give a little rundown of the apps that do play ball. Google Plus does, Skype does, most web browsers do. So, other single things we record because other apps will get to this are recording it already. Network names, MAC addresses, et cetera. One of the slightly hackier and cheaper things I've done is that you can have your app ask the user to be an accessibility service. And instead of reading out notifications in a synthesised voice or flashing them up in large print, it's just dumping the time and the name of the app, not the details of the notification that be far too creepy. It's dumping that to its internal database as well. And also GSM cells. Yeah, full GPS would have been a bridge too far. Not nice for the device's battery and altogether far too creepy. I just get the cell IDs. Now, we didn't, because of the nature of the project, we didn't want to go cap and hands of Google and say, can we use your location API? And that wouldn't allow us to differentiate data that came from wireless hotspots and data that came from just cell locations. So, very kindly, open cell ID have a big database full of, there is damn it, much every, not entirely complete, every cell ID in the UK. And so we don't hammer their poor API, which they've so generously given out. What we do is I've included a huge compressed dump of UK cell IDs. And we also didn't particularly want to go cap and hands of Google and yet then use their Maps API either. So, it's a pity you can't see this. This is actually some of my cell data. So I'm prepared to have my mobile life, admittedly somewhat invisible on this screen here. I'm the red dot. Yes, I live somewhere in Highgate. That's the GSM cell I connect to most frequently. It's got me on the wrong side of the Archway Road. So I can't be particularly well stalked by it. I work in somewhere in Central London, not especially far from Covent Garden. Sometimes I walk home through Camden and Kentish Town. That's about it. Enough to sort of get some, do some funky maybe K-means clustering and see, does my behaviour differ much from one of some of our teenage coders? How many sort of nexuses of social activity does a teenage coder have as opposed to a middle-aged one? And we just do that by, again, didn't want to use Google Maps API. So we get an Android web view, the controlless web browser, and use the very lovely Openlayers JavaScript library to display OpenStreetMaps. And yes, I'll admit it now. The UI and the UX. I never said I did UI or UX. Is clunky. To anyone watching at home, yes, I will fix the layouts. I promise. I've had other fish to fry. The data. Just an example. We've only been running this for, I guess it's three months now. So maybe you can see the histograms. Turns out three of our young coders downloaded and use the same game. Don't tap the white tile. That literally encapsulates what it is. You've got to not tap the white tile.  And it suffers pretty much the same fate. We've got a histogram of time of day, and we've normalised for each individual user. Suffers the same fate as most games apps seem to do. It covers about a three-week period for all the players. So spikes at certain times of the day. Five o'clock a bit at breakfast. And not much anywhere else. And eventually it peters out. Of course this is not temporal. But we could show how quickly the usage falls off when they get bored with it. Except player B was pretty keen playing this thing around seven o'clock in the evening. But not nearly as keen. As on this title, we've got two uniform, just about uniform distributions, butted together. There's not an hour of the day when this app has not phoned home. Only slightly more likely to phone home at breakfast than it is to use the net at four in the morning. What could it be? Some massively addictive multiplayer online game? Minecraft? Are you building a cathedral on the sly? No. Well the idea is, you move the little red dot for the scrolling maze. That was it. It's called The Line. And the list of permissions it requires are, well I can't read them here either, but it wants full GPS. It wants to know when you've turned the little flashlight on. It wants to know your Wi-Fi state. It wants to access the SD card. It wants GSM cell location as well. The works. So once you've used our little tool to identify an app that's getting up to these sorts of capers, can we fight back? This is not going to be proper hard-billed infosec stuff. Cos I'm not that yet. But can we grab the app's package file, the .apk file that you get from the Play Store? De-compress it. In there there's a file called androidmanifest.xml. It's literally that, a manifest what services and permissions and events is an app concerned with. Can we have a go at decompiling and seeing what it's up to? Turns out you don't need to have a not particularly pleasant afternoon trying to get the Android SDK installed. There is a Chrome or better still Chromium app you can just point it at the relevant bit of Play Store and you will get your apk file. Love a little tool called Android apk tool. One line of pointing it at the apk file. What looks within? Don't really need to be a Java code or Android code. I'm not really one of those. To see what's going on. There is an intent filter, in other words an event filter looking for things that are called cn.jpus. So some sort of push notification service. I wonder why that was, because I wonder why that was why the line app was being so utterly busy on port 3000, which is weird. There is a service from umeng.com who are an app analytics service. I don't know which service wraps the other one. So yeah we're getting intense and push notification services so yes the app is phoning home and it's a notification service, it's on a weird port. That's why it's on port 3000. Dex to Jar. Dalvik virtual machine isn't a Java virtual machine. It takes its own little thing, so you can use Dex to Jar to get a jar filed back again and the JD suite of Java and you can get the source code and without knowing anything about proper semi-native Android coding the usual suspects. Where is the phone state listener and where are the location listener objects? They're there. So jpush.cn has got them, umeng has got them and there's also a class provided by tensent.com that is making reference to latitude and longitude. So yes to send you these notifications it really really needs to know exactly where you are apparently. So yes it really is phoning home that often and telling it's masters exactly where you are. So yes I will fix the UX. Can we look for patterns and interesting anomalies in other data? Social networks for instance. Do some funky machine learning, maybe a bit of K-means spatially and temporally. Get some interesting insights on the behaviour of users. We're going to hold a second hack day. In fact the picture on the side of the front was a bunch of our young rewrite state coders playing nicely together. Much like grown-up coders often don't. Can we confront them with their data? Or in fact can they confront their data and how will that change their attitudes? I'll leave that to my cultural studies learned colleagues. I'd love to tack on the little inbuilt demographic survey so when we open this thing out to more individuals how does the behaviour depend on the gender they present, age, et cetera. We'll gradually let the data be available to the right people. Probably the academic community at first. We'll finally get on to the play store and maybe I'll get a little more hard boiled and start when apps emerge that look right for the prodding. Do you think perhaps a little more impressive if you're wild with Wireshark or the Bert Prox or Drozer, et cetera, which I misspelled but luckily you can't see it? You cannot see any of this text but we are not on the play store yet but if you want to play with the app co-on and give me your data you can get to keep it too. There's a GitHub Io site. We are KingsBSD at Twitter. We have a blog. Feel free to file past and have a look at it. The slides will be on slides if you Google or search for KingsBSD. You'll get our slideshare and therefore you can get the slides. Any questions? Yup. Yeah, the... With your Seltar location you can get a rough location without asking for location permission? You have to ask for location permission but you're not tapping into Google's service that packs... There's nothing to say. There's no way of going to Google and going, tell me where this Seltar is because it knows and it doesn't want to tell you. It'll tell you the phone's location based on multiple Seltars and Wi-Fi networks which is for us too creepy and invasive. It'd rather just go, where was the nearest Seltar? It's suitably defocused because it's about the network, it's about the cell network, not so much about the user and it's just a reasonable proxy for where the user is. Ooh, a feature request. Yeah. Interestingly, when I sort of peeking into what the line was made out of, I think these things are sort of assembled on an assembly line with not too much tender loving care. There's a C++ library that the actual game canvas is on and there's a completely separate allegedly cross-platform app builder and when I... and there are a lot of... three other games that look exactly... suspiciously like the line that appeared to be used exactly the same C++ library and there's no... I haven't yet decompiled the C++, I don't know if I will, these are in fact the same apps decompiled and repackaged but people do that so it's pretty easy to perform surgery on these things because even I can get at the innards so you're quite at liberty unless it's a paid app to grab the line, to grab the line, open it up and perform some surgery. I mean there are... I found myself playing this zombie shooting game for a little bit and if you've got no network access it just goes, I'm not playing. I want to... no. Not as far as I know. I guess one of the things called the android hackers handbook there's a sort of a pulp, well there are two packed publishing tomes on android pen testing. What you could do I guess if you really desperately wanted to play the game would be to in a you know level up in your sort of infosec food and sort of hacking food would be to torture the app by putting it in in an emulator and it can go through some sort of proxy and you could you could sort of convince it that it's on the net when it isn't really I suppose. Cyanogen, yeah. I'll repeat that because that's a good one if the mic's picked it up but apparently yep if you get the likes of Cyanogen Mod you can to some extent you can feed an app false data and go look if this thing's not going to shut up and insist on having my location it'll just send it some rubbish and it'll be fobbed off with that. That's another good point because I I don't know if there's any more data I could successfully ring out of apps but the one thing I haven't done is assume that the phones are rooted because you can't because phones aren't mostly going to be rooted. Keep going. Buy a nicer platform I guess or a less invasive one. This is the thing even now this is sort of my business and I install some of these apps just to see what they do now instead of just blindly hitting install without any missions now surely after I've blindly accepted the missions now I'm more likely to oh I should have probably should have read those people are obviously willing to make this swap they go yeah I'll move the little red ball in exchange for telling I mean yeah the ad service is clearly being sent location now we don't know to how fine grained the actions it takes based on that it might just go oh right country right language there you go what if they team up with somebody else they've got that data don't be to two tinfoil hat over this but oh yeah we've got they can be used for purposes they didn't intend it for it at first and of course we have you have got no say in what their intended purpose was in the first place who's going to install the app and try it out or who thinks it's none of none of our damn business stony silence oh you have sorry that exactly yeah there's market share and all that but ideally we'd have wanted and some of them actually are we'd have wanted our teenage coders to collaborate with the writing of all the apps yeah so if it's IOS that's another hundred dollars per phone just for the privilege of writing of a developer license android at least you can say okay I'm going to install this not from the app store without routing the phone and if you route an iPhone it completely I think it messes up the user experience quite horribly because all the DRM stuff isn't going to work anymore so yeah I'm afraid no iPhones yet unless you want to write one go on you know you want to am I evicted yet yeah apparently because like when if you dump to a SQLite database every time a cell location changes and that happens quite a bit the phone gets warm so yeah we it's got better if you um I cache events and then every five minutes squirt those down to the SQLite database and it is less bad um if you're in a crisis then stop recording and we only also I only upload to the ccan server every ten minutes if you're on wifi so I'm not evil and well I am I'm not evil enough to eat up your data plan I'll stalk you that being said I mean what have I really uploaded a bunch of cell locations fairly vague I mean the top app in the socket database or the socket table rather is massively by a long margin the web browsers all you can go is well how much of it is port 80 and how much not so you've used some apps we want to be it's about the apps and not well to some extent is going to be about the user but we're mostly into stalking the apps and not the user probably sometimes we can't avoid doing both tumbleweed so to do what sorry eventually just getting into the um sort of I don't know if you've heard of Shibboleth getting into the UK academic authentication system is do intend to share the data like I said I didn't want to pass judgment on what the apps are doing already but it would be a little bit strange if we air quotes gave away all the data to the man so we've got to think about that I guess if you weren't from an academic research group and you came to us and asked us nicely can we have some data then yeah obviously it would we'd like it as open as possible without it doing any sort of harm so if we were utterly sure that the that really open public access wouldn't sort of do that then yes it's written into the terms of the research grant whatever we build has got to stick around for at least five years was anyone stunned into silence by my lightning talk where I talked about our Twitter analytics at least there weren't any there wasn't any matrix multiplication in this one okay I think I think you've suffered enough classed this mystery letter off thank you


So what's up guys welcome to another episode of Vasily quick one today I'm going to show you a quick link you can make use of any time any day Okay, you're going to add it to what you already have with you. It's simple and very easy to play So get your best. Let's get started So guys if you're new to this channel, please do not forget to hit the subscribe button there for your leave I can't afford to miss new videos. I upload every week. Okay Hit the subscribe button and turn on the notification bell so that you will be notified whenever I upload New videos. Okay, and also if you need private lessons from me, either live zoom section or live WhatsApp session Every information is in the description below or right there on the screen looking at you right now It's gonna be an interactive section where we share ideas and dig deep on the base guitar Okay, send me an email or channel by what's up, so I look forward to having you register I also want to thank my patreon fans for how you guys have been supporting of my channel Thank you so much for your donation Also, if you want to become one of my patreon fans Every information is right there on the screen or in the description of this video, so I look forward to seeing you That's not telling you don't do be confused So they use more of these non numbers team numbering, you know, they just give you the sign To card a card if I call you know, they just tell you that way. So it's very very important All right, so that's it. So the tennis of a notation there for the progression is So started from the six notes of my F sharp major scale So this is a do-it-yourself This is my love. What would be this note? This note would be my six three Why is it my three because this is my two and this is my one six Okay, seven three six seven one five was this three six seven one Then I did something like Stuff it from the little six note again six flat seven seven into the five notes of my F sharp major scale harmonizing them


Hello, I'm going to talk about MetaScript, which is a language that compiles to JavaScript that I implemented. And so five minutes, one programming language, this will be a bumpy ride. Quickly about myself, I'm an enthusiast software engineer, passionate about languages, I work in Git compilers, in the V8 team in Google and Git compilers in general for a lot of time. And so why a new programming language? What's the problem with JavaScript? Well, there are many problems, we know. And there are already many languages that address them, but issue one focuses on a few selected issues. And this was the problem for me. I wanted to tackle more of them. So JavaScript is a weaker language. We know conversion rules can kick in with obvious results and forgetting a verbal declaration can be a real problem and it doesn't really have block scoping until it has six. And it has a verbose syntax which can be a problem for somebody. And MetaScript 6 is this, let's say, coffee script style. Declarations have block scoping, but the style is like that. Then MetaScript is a functional style, so there are no statements, only expressions. And even loops are defined by recursive expressions which are translating into plain loops. So there are parallel assignments and this means, in general, less temporary variables. Everything composes nicely. And it can also optionally use closed script to read only data structures with the Mori library. It has macros to the data. It works essentially natively. And then there's the issue of a type system. I'll just say quickly, this is still a work in progress, but I'm doing a type system which will be most compatible with the TypeScript one. So if those that like these things, it will be there. And then there is the thing that is most important for me is metaprogramming. Closed script and list dialects in general have this, but list dialects can be really uncomfortable to many people. Those parenthesis can hamper people. But Lisp style macros are incredible powerful and they're really underrated. And MetaScript fixes this with a uniform ASD even if it has support for in-fix syntax. And it also has hygienic macros. So essentially it's like a Lisp with a Ruby-like syntax, sort of. And it is a good JavaScript citizen in the sense that it's designed for zero runtime overhead. It can translate to plain JavaScript. And each core concept translates just one to one. And the consuming existing modules in Node with require or with everything is just a one-liner. It's normal. And even producing modules is just the usual thing. And it has full source map support. So it's just a good JavaScript citizen. Now a taste of the language very quickly.  So you see it's readable. You can use the dot operator. You can call things. You can pass arguments. And the usual expressions in in-fix mode just work. So you can just write expressions and evaluate them and do what you would expect. And there are no statements.  And when you have a sequence of things to do, this do, then you take the last value and it just works. And loops are also expressions. This is the classical example of a factorial, which looks like a recursive function, but is translated into a loop. And then here we have macro-scene action. So this is a recording of live coding with our editor, with our environment. You can look at objects. So this is a simple object with a couple of metals. It's a vector. And so there's the modules, which is the length, and you can evaluate it.  You can invoke it and then you can reevaluate it, and you see that it works. But now what if we wanted to have an at operator like Ruby or CoffeeScript? Then I write it and it doesn't work, of course, because it's not there. But then what I can do is write a very simple macro that instructs the compiler how to do that and then it works. And now I'm going to show how you can simplify. So what if I don't want to write function arguments and just have placeholders with the order? I can just do it and it is a very simple expression. And then why using indentation? This is very small. I want to use a single line with parenthesis. Then I can do it. So the language interprets either indentation or blocks with parenthesis, and it just works. And even with these changes, just going live, I can another macro for exp. So I can define another operator and I can replace math.pow with this operator, and it still works. So now I can reevaluate and evaluate the values, evaluate the modulus, evaluate the scale, and so call the scale. And it's going on. This is what we use every day at work, essentially. So these were simple macros. But five minutes gone. But more useful ones would be other operators, as matter of fact. My mic on, thank you. Excellent. Mathias Burs. Hey, I'm Mathias. I'm a JavaScript hacker from Copenhagen. I do a lot of node stuff. Recently, I've been playing around with BitTorrent, because that's awesome, especially in Node. And I'm going to talk a little bit about a module I did called TorrentStream. It's on GitHub. What TorrentStream basically does is it allows you to take a torrent and use it from Node in real time as a Node stream, so you can kind of like have a torrent that consists of 10 gigabyte of data and use it in one second and just stream the pattern. So I'm going to try to demo this today.  So I cheated a little bit and pre-loaded some of the data. So this is just an example of how it works. You're basically just called TorrentStream with a magnet link. And when the swarm is ready, when it has the actual torrent, I'll just print out the files in the torrent. So that's cool. So this is Star Trek fan fiction. It has two files, a text file and an AB file. So what if we tried to stream the text file to standard out? That would be super cool. So we just do this by calling a re-stream on the file. And even though we haven't downloaded anything, it will just start streaming out to the standard out. So that should be pretty cool if it works. So let's try it out. So I'm just going to run this program. Yay. So what actually happened here is that TorrentStream connected to the swarm of peers. There's a lot of peers all around the world and started pumping out the data as it received it. Like it hadn't really downloaded anything. So this is kind of cool for text. But Torrent has a lot of different stuff. And if you remembered, the torrent also had an AB file. So I was thinking, it would be pretty cool if you could take that AB file and kind of stream it into VLC in real time. Because then we could kind of watch videos in real time. And as more and more people watch the video, the swarm would be stronger. So we would kind of not have lag. That's pretty cool. So I made this program called PeerFlix that kind of does this using TorrentStream. So I have that written here. So you basically just call PeerFlix with the magnet link and a dash dash VLC. And it will start fetch the data. So it opened up on my desktop here. So I just need to move it. So this is the actual video streaming in real time. And the video has 12 seconds of black in the beginning. So that's pretty cool. So what's really cool about this is that since it streams, it kind of also supports skipping, because just reading somewhere else in the file so I can kind of skip here. And it will just rebalance the swarm and fetch what I need. So I thought it was pretty cool. And then this kind of works really well for video stuff. But what about things that are not video? So I did this really fun project last week where I just took this technique and kind of merged it together with Fuse. Fuse is like a real time user space file system. And I made something I call TorrentMount, which basically just allows you to take a magnet link and mount it as a drive on your disk in real time. So here I have the file we just saw. I can go in and I can see the files mounted on my disk, even though they're not there. This could be like 20 gigs. Awesome, nice work. Big round of applause for Eduardo. So my name is Eduardo. I'm a Node.js developer from the Dominican Republic. And I'm going to talk about Mongo.js, which is a project to use Mongo from Node. So if you have used Mongo, probably you have used this tool, which is like a shell in which you can do really cool stuff. Like if you have a collection, you can just do something like this and find, for example. And you can just find all the countries. And you can also do a lot of other cool stuff, like you can skip because it returns a cursor, so you can actually start from the fourth country and you can limit the amount of results you get like this. So this is a very nice API, and it's a JavaScript API. But in Node, what we have is a driver, which is a much lower level thing. But luckily, there's a project to actually get this API in Node with callbacks, and it's called Mongo.js. So I'm going to show you a little bit of it. So I'm going to show you how to build a really simple Express API using Mongo.js. So essentially, this is just an Express API backbone. So here, I require Mongo.js. It's a Node module. And the next thing I do is I connect to a database like this using Atlas. This is a connection string, and this is all the collections I have in an array. So let's do an endpoint. This is just an Express endpoint, so we do apget. And in here, we do db.country.find, just as in the console. And we get a callback, which gets us an error and the results here. So we just pass that. And let's test to see if it works. It's just for Node.index.js. Yeah, so if we go to the browser, which I have in my screen. So I'm going to just put it here. If we go to the browser, we can actually do 3,500. And we get OK, true. And if we go to the countries, we actually get all the countries, and that's pretty cool. But normally, if we build an API, we actually want to pages. So we don't want to get all the countries at once. So we can actually do this like this. We just use page size and skip, and we just use the same functions I show you in the shell. So let's try to run this one. And this is the 4. And if we go to countries, here we actually get only 10 results. And we can actually page this. So we can do page equals 4. And we actually get the next page. And so there's a lot of stuff we can do. We can, using just the Mongo shell API, we can insert stuff. Like here with a post, you can insert stuff. And you can use object IDs, which you also use in the console. So there's essentially a lot of stuff you can do using this very simple API, which doesn't require schemas, doesn't require anything. Just using the same API I use in the shell, you can use it in Node just using callbacks. And also, a really cool thing is that the cursors, when you do fines, are streams. So you can actually use it for building stuff that works with stream. So you have a very huge collection. You can actually pipe it through other streams, and like JSON stringify, and that kind of thing. So yeah, that's all for me. Thank you. Hola, tutom. My name is Pablo, and my presentation is not so technical. But I think it's also really important, because it talks about decision. And we are engineers, and our main job is to take the right decisions. So this is a crazy name, minimally software engineers, but it's 10 guidelines to take better decisions as an engineer. And the first one is 5-4 Pareto. This is a rule, which is the Pareto rule. And it says that 20% of our efforts are going to give us the 80% of the results. So one of the things we have to focus on finding, or 20%, this 20% that is going to create great impact. One example of that was this morning, Reginald was talking about closures, and he was talking about good magic and bad magic. The good magic is what this 20% would be. And the closure is such a simple change of syntax that give us amazing results. The second guideline would be prioritized. People ask me, wow, minimalist is about not doing things. Who is going to hire you as an engineer if you don't do things? So no, no, no. Minimalism is about doing things that matter first. If we had all the resources that we wanted, we could do everything. But we know it's not true. So it's focusing on the most important things first. Perfect is the enemy of the good. This is an amazing quote. We got crazy with our projects, and we tried to make them perfect before we released them. Just if you have the opportunity to talk today, just do it, even if your work is not completely perfect. And Adios Money, a great JavaScript developer, has a quote that I love. And is do it first, then do it better, then do it right. So that's super important. Also, in your day by day, you're going to see that iteration is your friend. And having unit tests helps you iterate better. And also, you see that in nature. If you think about nature, any given enough complex system has it both, from something more primitive. That's evolution, something that has a lot of flaws. It's iterating and becoming better. Another powerful guideline is kill the baby. This is from one of my friends. Designers have projects that are, they don't last as much as we engineers. We normally have two months project, three months project, even a year project. So they have probably one week project, two weeks project. So they know it's better. If you're working on a project and you see it's not going anywhere, even if you love your code, we all love well writing code. All the code is here, not forever. So kill the baby before it goes to all. AdValue, OK? So AdValue is more career-wise. So my recommendation or what I see that works is every time you go to a new company or even to a new team, just try to not try to be yourself. Try to be what the team needs. That's seeking for adding value to that team. So for example, for me here, I was the boring Pablo in Barcelona when I was working here. Now that I work in New York, I'm the funny Pablo, because I'm from Barcelona. So people expect you to be more funny. So that's true. The best people I know, they have reinvented themselves so many times. So I think that's the key for fitting on a team, adding value. This is also career-wise, basic first. I think, well, we are here to learn a lot. And engineering is one of our tasks. Inheritance task is keep learning all the time. So my recommendation on here is learn something that is going to last. Because if you learn the new API of the new NBC framework, probably in two years it's going to be obsolete, go with the basic first, right? Good TDD, good the same patterns. So learn things that last. And think different, right? No, that's it. Sorry, if you want to know more, there is this minipeso.org with the rest of it. Thank you. We're there. OK, round of applause for Pao. Thank you. OK, hi, everybody. My name is Pao. I'm from Barcelona.  OK, so first of all, here we have a page. I'm going to allow the video conference to the video camera. OK, so you can see my face. OK, and we will stream that. So there's a URL here. I will open Firefox. And now, if this works, I hope it works. OK, you can see here, Firefox. You're receiving the video camera input. OK, but what is awesome is that this is a GIF. So we are streaming GIFs. So it's not WebRTC, it's not Blackmagic. You know, it's just a normal GIF. So if you can see here, it's just a GIF. OK, cool. Woo! OK, so what can I do with this? So I can download it. So I can have the whole video conference. I can have it on my laptop as a huge GIF. I can also imagine the Twitter allowed avatars with URLs instead of uploading one. I could have a real-time avatar so everybody could see myself on real-time. So that's the whole point. We have now WebSockets. We have Node.js that has streams. We have APIs that allow us to take things from the camera, put it on a canvas, put it in to Node.js, streaming through WebSockets to multiple clients. And all I do is GIFs. So GIFs are awesome. Thank you. Francesco is talking about Open Web Apps and Firefox RS. Round of applause for Francesco. Yeah, how are you? I think I'm the last one. I am. Hope you had fun till now, so far. I'm Francesco Jovino. And this is my Twitter and all the stuff. I live in Rome, Italy. I'm here for this conference. And like one year ago, I started attending conferences across Europe. I couldn't stop. This is why I'm here. And I love playing football table. It's called a footballing here, I think. And if someone has shared the same passion, please let me know, because I'm looking for people to play with. I'm going to tell you about the MDN App Center, the project that I'm contributing to. I would like to share some of my work on the platform and some cool demos that I wrote for MDN. I'm focusing on device APIs. So I'm focusing on the touch, which is location, context, other stuff that allows you to access the sensors and services of the phone or the device in which the application is running. Starting with geolocation, this is a demo I wrote. You can switch among OpenStreetMap, Google Maps, or Android Map, get the current position, pass some parameters, and perform searches. The code is on GitHub. And this is the article that I wrote about it. And I spoke at some meetups in Rome in Italy about the work I'm doing. And I get a lot of feedback, and that has been helpful for my work for MDN. On the top of this context web app, I developed an application for Firefox OS, get access to the address book of the phone, and place, this is my face, for example, in a room, and place all the contacts of your address book on the map. Again, the code is on GitHub, and there's an article that explains step by step how I did. What about motion? I developed a very simple game compared to the one you said before. It's not good looking, but it works quite well. And the good thing here, that you can control the ball with device orientation API. And you can jump the obstacles. It's something funny. Just moving your device like that doesn't work quite well, but it's good for documentation. You want to try the ink, I will share the slide, so I think it's complicated to write it now. Again, and the article. This is cool. Access the ambient light from a sensor of your device. I developed a Christmas theme demo that changed the color of the sky depending on the luminosity of the room in which you're staying. And I put this Christmas tree in a tablet, I mean in a e-book application for Christmas tales, for example. And when you turn off the light, the light of the Christmas tree turns on and starts knowing. And it's quite interesting, not useless, but it's interesting. For documentation. Again, oh my god, thanks. Thank you, Francesca.