Welcome to Toffy TV, it is the match preview, Fulham vs Everton. Game that Everton really needs to bounce back in after three league defeats and an international break has left it, well, two international breaks have left at a very long time since Everton have won a game of football and that needs to be rectified on Sunday because otherwise it could be a dog. The winter is dark enough for many reasons but you know what, good chance to get three points and if we get three points we're back in the mix. Yeah, it's one of those either or things isn't it, you know, I've seen someone that messaged us and said there's a pivotal game, well, I guess it is in those respects, you know, we win and then everyone's going to be upbeat again, we've got Leeds at Home and Bay and Lea Way, you're looking at those two games then thinking I'll tell you what, if we can play to our best variability in those games as well we could be right back in that top three or four, lose it and then people start looking, oh here we go again mid table obscurity. It's been a long time now I feel since we've been Brighton, you know, when we've been Brighton everything was great, it was goals galore, we were fast flowing football and I think everybody felt really confident after that Brighton game because we had another lan and we had to mix it up with Charles and went off and it didn't really matter, we were still able to score four goals and people felt quite buoyed I think by the way that we're going. And then, since then obviously, the Dabi was always going to be a tough game anyway, but the other three games. Listen, United are brilliant but they've got real quality in the final third, so I guess even that one you could go, it was an either or game, but the two in the middle are the ones that are the kick in the stomach. So I'd answer them fully deserved there when we've got no bones about that, but should they have been able to beat us as comfortably as they did, I don't believe so and certainly Newcastle was really a flat horrible performance, so everything needs a bounce back. I think in all four games, I think for me the opposition just took advantage of our weaknesses more than anything, that right hand side, whether we like it or not is a weakness and that's not saying because Hamas Rodriguez is playing on that side. I mean for two of the games obviously we didn't have James Coleman, so that was a problem and it's potentially looking like we won't have James Coleman for this game. So that's what the manager has to sort of figure out now hasn't he had the first few games and I don't know, listen you're always here, we've been figured out and all that. Well in a way I suppose we have been figured out, we've been figured out because there was a lot of space down that down our right hand side which teams have capitalised on, but also there was a lot of issues with injuries and suspensions and we didn't have a charlatan that's well documented and whichever way we tried to do it, it just didn't work and we couldn't get going and Hamas Rodriguez was definitely carrying an injury and you've got no charlatan on the other side, no one is creating chances for Dom and suddenly you've gone for me in a free scoring team that's conceding a couple of goals to a team that can't score goals but is still conceding goals and that's only going to end up one way isn't it, the feats and that's something we have to sort out and I don't know whether it'll be in any way but it's interesting to see how long Seamus Coleman is outing just before we don't know at the time of recording and whether that will dictate how we go about it if there's going to be any kind of tactical change. You look at the centre backs and you think could we go to 3-5-2 or a variation, I'd say at 3 at the back because if we have to put John Joe Kenney in the right back he'd probably be better being a little bit higher up the pitch. That would just maybe push Hamas Rodriguez maybe a little bit more central. I think the manager's got food for thought but I think what he has to do first no matter what is realised or come to a conclusion of what his best 11 is because I think he knew it but I think he's fallen out with it a little bit, certainly in that centre midfield spot. I think the issues have come because of the players being out obviously with the others and stupidly got themselves into it off in the derby, we can't move away from that fact. Others we've been unlucky otherwise, we've had injuries in the other areas of the pitch which has cost us. I think the midfield isn't right. As I go home I started the season OK, missed that brighting game and I wasn't quite being the same. He came back against Liverpool, was sluggish, didn't play the next game against Southampton then started basically up front in the next game like on the wing. He was back out the team so he hasn't been able to get that. I think he started the season well enough keeping over the ball and the midfield looked to be quite well balanced but it's gone a bit ragged in the last couple of weeks. I think it is a culmination of obviously no ritualising and going back to being Guilfee Sigurd in the last season which is not doing a thing and everything has tried off for them. I think what the manager does have to do is because it is looking, I'd be very surprised if James Coleman plays on Sunday, very surprised. He was carrying a hamstring injury anyway, he should never have gone away with Ireland, he's gone away and got himself injured again. Therefore you're looking at that team and going we were well beaten. We lost last time because we got a draw but we were beaten by United. We need to make some changes, three defeats on the run and Ben Goffrey has got to come in for me and whether I'd be at centre back alongside Holgate and Michael Keane and we play three or whether he goes into the midfield. Because I think the one thing we've noticed in the last few games is the midfield started to look ragged because Alan and Decory are doing probably too much so they're not able to do what they were doing certainly in the first few games. That's come borne out of the fact that Hamers doesn't seem fully fit and obviously James Coleman has been in and out. Like against United they weren't fit, he could tell he wasn't fit. And I think that also comes from the Charleston as well, the Charleston is not playing, we know what he gives us attacking wise but defensively he gives us so much as well, I think we've said this on previous shows. When the Charleston is playing on the left, I don't think the midfield very often have to look left because they know that he'll get back and he'll cover naturally, he naturally wants to be involved in the game. It's the difference between someone who goes in and fills in there to have England Charleston, he's been away with Brazil luckily for us, he's played good minutes in both of the games, he's played in the last game out, he played 78 minutes. Hopefully his ankle's okay. Yeah hopefully, he seems in good spirits, he seems in good spirits, he wasn't carried off the pit and he came off in that game. He just limped off didn't he? I think he was a few minutes later, I think he seemed to be in good spirits, we'll find out, I don't want to put it down or anything so. I think he'll be massive for us but it's about finding out what that extra midfielder's going to do and it's what the manager decides that midfielder needs to do, what his role is in the team and I think going back to the Newcastle game, before that game I was looking at someone like a Delf character, you don't want it to be Delf of course. Because you can't count on him, but that role he was playing, playing back with Alan, the double pivot sort of style, protecting rather than having the midfield to protecting and allowing maybe then the core to base forward and be that player, that eight. I'd like to see that and I don't know whether that means this and Alan, Alan's a bloody Delf for the game at the moment as we speak so. Of course. You know what I mean so we can't say to you saying someone, Alan, it could be. It could be. That's the problem isn't it, but you know I know Tom Davis has been out the team at the moment when he came in against Brighton, I thought he'd done a really uncomplicated professional performance and I think that's what it needs in midfield sometimes, especially in a game like this, full on you're looking at and you're thinking right. If we can, if we're solid, if we can have a, get a clean sheet and we should win this game, you know, I think we've got goals in us with the Charleston being back and depending on what hammers we're on, do you guess us levels are. We should have goals in us if we keep a clean sheet. That's what I think that's got to be the main objective and I think you know that mentality that I know we went to, he went to Newcastle with that mentality. Carla was like, stay it, keep it tight, stay in the game and then we should have enough. It didn't work. It went the other way. And I'm not saying we do that a full on or such, but just get the midfield right, get the middle of the park solid, get the protection in front of the back four or back three, whatever you're going to go with and let's play from that. Let's not leave ourselves open and then we're always having to get, you know, score two to win a game. It shouldn't need that and I think that's that base level that some of the teams who at the moment are above us are, you know, capable. I look at that somewhere like Leicester and I know they've, you know, they've got a little bit more about them and I think they've got a much better midfield than us. But you see them in the last game out, they play walls, they get the goal through a penalty and then they get a clean sheet and they win the game and that's the end of it. Keeper pulls off a worthy and that's the end of it. That's what we've got to become capable of doing against teams like Fulham who are, you know, fighting at the bottom, but teams at the top as well. It's no good having this attitude that we'll outscore. You can't do anything with that attitude for me. And especially when times are tough, you've got to dig in and go, we're going to win today, we're going to dig in, we're going to get a clean sheet and we're going to win the game. And I think that's got to be the mentality, surely. I've got to go after them, this is a team, you know, Fulham are a team that have won one game in a Premier League game. You know, albeit it was the last home game, but they beat West Brommerdy Albion who've only just come up on a struggle on themselves. So it's not like they went to Liverpool and beat Liverpool or they went and beat City, but they won the game. You know, they started the season letting goals in, but the last five games, they tightened up. So that's made a little bit, obviously, Scott Parker's trying to get that sort. And that's kind of what we've got to do. If we get it, listen, I'm not going to sit here and go, nil nil is a good result. But if you keep it nil and it ends up nil nil, well at least you've got a point. And maybe I wanted us to run before we could walk, I don't know. It's great seeing flowing football, it's great winning games 4-2. I'd rather win them 4-nil. But there's got to be a point where your base level is enough to get you a point. And then you've got that little bit of magic from maybe a retralis or maybe from Hammers, or maybe it's a set piece from Michael Keane or whoever that wins you the game. And you get the points and you get momentum that way. And there'll be games when teams are open and you can take them apart because you're confident then and you're building. Now at the moment our confidence will be low because we've lost three games. But we've had the break. So you're hoping that they come back and go right back on it today. We're playing full-on, they're third from bottom. We've got this is a game we should win. It's a tough game and it always is a tough game against full-on, particularly Craven Cottage. But it's a game that if we want to be European challenges like we keep telling everyone that's what we're going to be this year and we want to be, these are the games you have to win. Yeah you have to win them. You have to win games like this if you want to be in the European places. The fine, if you win six or seven of these games away from home and then your home games which normally take care of themselves and this season they're a little bit different. But they normally take care of themselves and in the last few years that's been the difference with us not getting into the European places is the away form and the away form against teams that we should be beating. What we should be doing better. Yeah, you know what I mean. I mean look at full-on Arsenal went there on month three nil. They won Villa went there on month three nil. They both won, you know, Arsenal will be lowest but they're in that middle section in Villa slightly above us and they think they'll buy a point or whatever. They've gone and beat them, they're Crystal Palace are up, they've went on full-on. So these teams have gone and done it. It's not going to be easy, of course it isn't going to be easy but it's an opportunity Sunday and it's an opportunity to get momentum. And we saw going to Spades day one what momentum can do for you. We went to Tottenham, kept the clean sheet, the only clean sheet we've kept. Won the game and then it was like West Brommer home now, can we beat them? We beat them and then all of a sudden it was Palace away and it was a tricky game. It was like we've got goals in us, we've got hammers, we've got goals, we win this. We won it then back home and all of a sudden we bit the buffers a little bit. You know, even the derby we scored two goals in it. We could have had more. We went to Sheldanto and that was the kick in the private I think, really because we just didn't even look dangerous after the ticket to hit the bar and that was really it. And that's put everyone on a downer. Newcastle we could have got a point in the end, we didn't, it could have gone either way. United we could have got a point the core I asked for opportunities, that might have broke on a different day and we scored when we drew 2-2. So we haven't been destroyed in any of the games. Sheldanto was probably the worst, most convincing defeat, wasn't it really? It was flat and they got the goals and it was easy for them. But Sunday we've got to go and be the aggressors. We've got to be the team and look where they are to take this game. We've had a poor run and that's why I think the make-up of the midfield will be really important I think for Carlham until the weekend. Fulham, they've tightened up, they've brought in a few last-minute deals, obviously had them all luck mum was one of them. But they've certainly tightened up at the back the results. You're more likely to get points on you if you're knocking seed and that's what they've stopped doing massively. It's maybe taken away from what was the natural attacking game. But at least he was quick enough to recognise that you've got to stay in games as long as you can. And it's funny that Fulham took that mentality and we've missed that in a way. I think the first few games of the season, they were wide open and I was thinking, they're just going to get leathered most weeks because they're trying to play that way that they played in the Champions League. We can't always do it. You have to do it from a position of strength, I think Leeds have tried to do it. And they've had varying levels of success, having a great win available, less to beat them 4-1. So there's been those things. Fulham has changed only the predicted line-up. Well, what they used last time, they're talking about what you said, they're the 4-2-3-1 to get players behind the ball. This is how they lined up last time out. Obviously, Adder of Bios, one of those late deals that they brought in. Anthony Robinson, ex-Evon, of course. They've got the two, the double pivots in the middle. And then three, behind Mitrovic, Luchman, Kearney and Codd Overread. And then obviously you've got Mitrovic who's the batter and ram up there. He started the season on the bench Mitrovic, but he's got two goals and he's their leading scorer. Luchman's probably been their most exciting player so far. So, you know, I think Everton will probably line up maybe similar to that, but it is an opportunity. And I think it's really interesting because we've lost as many in the last three as what we had in 14 before that. So for Carlo Ancelotti, I'm hoping that this two-week break has really made them, and he will have done, of course, but it's made them look at things slightly different and think, right, are we going to just keep doing what we've been doing? Are we going to put Sigurdun in midfield and go again with the same three and hope that Retialason's the key to turning it all round? Or are we going to be a little bit more creative and go, well, long term, and by long term, I mean for the full season, is Sigurdun really the answer? Is that what we want in our midfield? Or do we want an athletic other midfield player in this? Someone like Godfrey at the moment, but with the idea that we moved towards Gabaman, if he does become fit and available for us, or do we want to try and have that creativity of that type? Because I think if you did play a Godfrey or even a Hullgate in there, I think it would free up the quarry to do what he did well for Wafford. I think at the minute with the quarry, even though his numbers are fine and he's winning a ball back a lot for us, he's not really in the game doing what he did. We want him to be getting between the boxes, we want him to be getting on to flickhans and knockdowns from Dominic. He's not really doing it, so he's not being able to play his natural game, I don't think. Yeah, obviously Luchman will be the danger man, he'll have something to prove. Something to prove from the last game as well with the penalty miss against West Ham. So that'll be interesting because he's a good player, he's tricky. And you're right, I think there has to be a response from us. It'll be interesting to see where the Gomez is involved because obviously he's had a couple of weeks break. We didn't play the game before that, so it'll be interesting to see what his levels are. But you know, Godfrey played to the under-21s, so did Tom, England under-21s, so did Tom Davis. So it'll be interesting whether they're involved because we've paid the money for Godfrey.  He gets sent off and misses the last game for Colombia, it's the sixth one in. So he's got decisions to make, certainly at the back, certainly on the formation. And he's got to get it right and he's got to do what he needs to do. Obviously once the play has gone on the pitch, it's down to them. But you know, it's a game we've got to win, as far as I'm concerned.  So he's got that complement of players and he goes with Gomez, tries him again in there because Guilfey hasn't really done anything. Who would you play at right back? Because let's be honest, she ain't going to play. So would you go with Kenny or would you give Goffrey another go at right back? Because he's only played one game. Goffrey's not a right back. This is the problem. He's not a right back. So you'd go with Kenny? I probably would. The need of Kenny's not, I've said it for a very long time, Kenny's not the answer. He's not the future. Holgate might be an actually. I'd rather have Holgate at right back and Goffrey centre back. Because I think that would fit, I think Holgate can play it. It's not what he wants to play, but I think he can play it. It's doing a job at the moment. But John Joseph, John Joseph, John Joseph right back, whether he did or not, and he's decided to keep, I'm not sure he wanted to keep him at the club, but he's at the club and he's the back up right back.  There's been a very little mentions, could Tom Davis play right back? I'm not so sure about that anymore because I don't think he's the natural fit, the way we want someone bummer up there. Defensively, I think he'd be alright as long as he's not trying to travel out from right back. But no one's the solution. But unfortunately, Seamus, he should... I might have to tell him he should retire from Ireland, but listen, I think... From a fan's perspective, I think he should retire from Ireland. I watched Ireland last night. They're absolutely awful. There's nothing he can offer them that they need going forward. That was at 27. But at the same time, he'd say, well, this is the time when they need me most. So what can you do? You can't say. No, that's the way it is. I think you're right with Kenny if we played the 3-5-2 higher, then obviously I wouldn't be putting Ben Godfrey there to play that because I think John Jones actually is better in that role. I just don't think he's got the pace to get up and down regularly, constantly. So the team selection will be a key thing for this. For those of you that hate this stats part, because it's normally not great reading, then thank you for watching. For those of you sticking with it, Fulham of 1, their last meeting with Everton, ending a run of 10 games with R1 against us. Didn't realise it was that long. Beaters 2 nil, Scott Parker's first game as my manager. Everton had only failed to score in one of the last nine games with Fulham. That was the last time we met. Of all the Premier League fixes that have been played on more than 10 occasions, Fulham Everton has seen the highest percentage of home wins, 82% have been won by the home side. Everton won the last two Premier League games in London, which was as many as they won in the previous 26, which is not great. Fulham after conceding 10 goals in their opening three games, they've now conceded a five in the last five, which again further evidence that Scott Parker's kind of tightened it up. Everton have lost the last three Premier League matches as many as they had in the previous 14. The trophy's last lost four in a row in October last year under Marco Silva. Fulham are the only team yet to score in the opening of 15 minutes, but they've also conceded the most in that opening of 15 minutes. Everton have conceded twice in each of their last five Premier League games. The last time they conceded in six was back in October 2008. Everton, Guilffy Sigarton has a hand in five goals and his last five Premier League appearances against Fulham. Four goals and a sixth, two of them coming in braces. And since he joined Everton in 2018, we're winless without Richard, listening eight games. We all need that anyway, didn't we? So, yeah, I mean, there's a mix back there, isn't it? But certainly. Ultimately, none of it means anything. It doesn't mean a thing. I've seen this with Carlo Anziolti, and it's kind of what we were saying the other day.  But even the thing that we've lost three on the run doesn't really mean anything because those games are gone now, aren't they? It's about coming out on Sunday at 12 o'clock and going, right? We're eight for the points today and doing running three brick walls so to speak for each other. Battling and getting a win so that you can start to feel good about the team again, because like we said, if you have a good start, you'll end up staying in that position. So now, where as a matter of fact, if we had started in differently, we'd probably be 10 to 11. If we can get a win Sunday then, I think it just consolidates where we are and will build the confidence moving forward. But it's a big game. It is a big game. No, if we win, it's a good platform going forward now because, let's be honest, now is a huge part of the season. You're going to have... So you're getting like half the season now in one big chunk.  There's a lot of not only big games, but games coming thick and fast. I think this is the start of nine games in 42 days, I think, for heaven. So we've got to be ready and the selections have got to be right because he's going to need all of those players as well. And that means maybe not playing players who are not fit either and not rushing people back if that's the case. We'll see what happens. We need three points just to get a smile back on our faces. The same now. I'm not underestimating this game whatsoever because you can see with Fulham that they've got better defensively. So obviously they're working every day and striving to get better and that's always a big thing always, isn't it? That you're trying to stay in there. There you go. Let us know your thoughts in the comments on this one. Are you confident that everything can get the three points? Or are you a little bit worried and whatever comes with that? Let us know. Make sure to give this video a like, subscribe if you haven't already and if you want more great videos, daily live videos. Join us on Patreon, there's a link here. Do it. See you later.


The only easy day was yesterday Welcome to the only easy day was yesterday the official Navy SEAL podcast Comfort speed and efficiency in the water are all hallmarks of a successful NSW recruit today at NSW In Preparatory School, we continue our discussion with aquatics expert Dan Kish to speak specifically about safely developing confidence in the water This will be a popular episode because there are so many people that are not comfortable in the water and even before that Flat-out can't swim or have had very little exposure to the types of swimming that you're talking about For people who are in that camp, what is your recommendation for them in terms of kind of Introducing water sports initially into their training regimen Do you recommend people start with the the real basics like a modified freestyle just to kind of learning To at least start the crawl walk run kind of part of this swim process I can't help but think that there's gonna be a lot of people that tune into this episode to learn like hey I'm a bat. I know I'm a bad swimmer or I think I'm a bad swimmer Where do I even start this combat side stroke? Hey, I can barely even get in the water without feeling like I'm gonna drown. You know what I mean that's common a lot of friends that joined you know higher military branches and Very weak and deficient in the water and they knew it and they asked me like hey I know you can swim. Can you help me out here and I would drag them to the pool with me Water polo is another great way to become comfortable and confident and with team building going on It's the most calories you'll ever burn in a match or game You know one game of polo there is no rest because you're treading no matter what you are doing You're in the pool.  I hope so you just mentioned comfortable or confident base Can you maybe give me your definition of that? It doesn't have to be precise but I'm sure people will set that as a benchmark for where they want to get at a bare minimum and So can't kind of maybe give me a picture of what that means to you it's very easy to identify who is Scared or uncomfortable in the water from day one if you're swimming with big eyes Panic mode just trying to find the wall as fast as you can That's wrong. You know slow things down. You should be able to swim, you know longer distances You don't need to have a ton of speed But your 500 yard times should hopefully be under that 10 minute, you know nine minute base to be Good and comfortable in the water if you're over 11 12 minutes you're gonna struggle significantly in The pool evolutions that take place here So that that's a pretty good number that people can actually kind of have a metric for themselves to say, you know Where I'm at in this spectrum in terms of comfortability Obviously, I think with the type of instruction you can provide in your other teammates Obviously people can get much better and much more comfortable, especially with the additional exposure But that's a good place for them to start. Is that what you're saying? Yes, get your you know 500 yard time down, you know with the least number of strokes as well So be efficient and get your time down We call that here golfing where we want to take the lowest number of strokes while going the fastest time We'll play around with that a little bit and we will always train Half the time on our right side and half the time on our left side here at the prep school majority of us have a strong dominant side and Majority of us have a bad side and we want to be good on both and that helps play a role with being comfortable no matter Not always operationally speaking you can go swim down on your right side and swim back on the mission on your right side as well Be good on both and that's same with freestyle You'll always breathe half the time over your right shoulder half the time over your left shoulder Is that a testing requirement for the PST? To be swimming half and half on each side that is not a testing requirement here When we train we enforce it heavily if you watch the Olympics, you're like oh Michael Phelps only breathes over his right shoulder correct, they Race like that. They do not train like that You'll always train half the time on your good side half time in your left your bad side or with breathing on freestyle or Combat side stroke so we do enforce that pretty strictly here to be good on both and that will help any one side Develop better as well. Let's talk a little bit about buoyancy This is something that I really wasn't even that aware of until maybe a few months ago When we started doing a little bit of reading and research about the PST in general How can someone determine whether they're negatively buoyant or positively buoyant is that something that's easy to determine or is just like I keep on sinking at the bottom of the pool. How do you determine that? So that's funny We're all humans, you know, we're all pretty much the same.  It makes no sense. However About 20% of the candidates come through, you know sink to the bottom. Is that a body composition thing? Body composition plays a little role You see the you know the bulk of your muscle guys But we still have some candidates that exhale all their air and are still bobbing at the surface Yeah, because I definitely think if I let out the auction out of my lungs, so which is good What I tell them is you need to learn how to control your body in the water. Some of us are positive some of us are negative Both have perks here at Naval Special War from prep school I when we swim we want to be at or even better on the surface, right? So we want to be positive in the water, you know you the less drag You will increase speed if you're negative in the water you can be working a little bit harder We want to get that body position, you know at or on the surface But if you're negative once we start working the first time we do Pool skills one of the stations is floats and your hands and feet will be together behind your back and you Need to do what it takes to control your body to stay at the surface You have to stay inside your six foot by six foot, you know box and you can't just travel or swim all around and For some of us, it's the easiest thing you'll ever do, right?  Why is it different? Some of us are positive some of us are negative females float better than men different demographics Float better than others. Everybody. Everyone is different in the water You need to learn how to control your body in the water So talk to me a little bit about that is that just a matter of keeping a certain amount of air in your lungs? You did mention something about you know kind of flutter kick or shrimp kick a little bit to kind of help keep yourself Propelled towards the surface. Can you talk to me a little bit about that? Like what what types of techniques maybe someone should investigate and kind of try out in the pool or in the Ocean or wherever to kind of figure out what works for them. What's the starting point for that? Yes, so here we have freshwater pools in the ocean different density makeups It's easier to float salt water than fresh water So if you're positive in the water you can almost get in a vertical position straight up and down Which is quite difficult to do you have to be very positive in the water and then you'll play with your lung capacity Can you breathe and exhale and still stay at the surface or on the surface? So you're talking about really kind of staying like a pencil in the water Not moving your arms too much and just using your breathing to kind of determine at what level you start to Your your mouth will start to sting on the water. Is that accurate?  Is that is that a correct terminology from the second half of the spectrum? I would say a little bit more negative in the water when you come your feet will be tied together here So you need to learn how to control small dolphin kicks are working You know the lower half of your body there to keep yourself at the surface and then work those into your breath So get a good rhythm kick your head up for a breath kick your head right back down Try and stay in that question mark shape, but we will work with you here We have five aquatic coaches here to help you make you more comfortable and confident in the water I'm just going to interrupt real quick because I think that's a really key point Comfortable and confident in the water being exposed to water under waters it was a really fast way to make you uncomfortable and developing the techniques skills to give you the confidence to know that you'll be able to get a breath when you need one as opposed to When your body's kind of wanting one is I think it's a pretty big key to even developing your skill and efficiency In the combat side stroke being able to know that you can get the breath You need and you don't need to break from that mental focus and put your chest up and give me a second to regroup I can't think of any other way other than just exposure and time practice to really accelerate that unless you have any tips That you can add to that absolutely The first three letters and seal spell C right you're gonna be in the water This should be the least of your worries if you have a mission Operationally speaking if you're in the water for that long about your swimming abilities or how comfortable and confident you are We are humans. We're not designed for the water at all. We walk upright with curved spine. We need air We do not belong in the water. I think we're one of the few mammals at birth that cannot swim Spend time in the water to become comfortable and confident does not happen overnight The golden rule we have here is every day you're out of the water It takes about two days to get back where you were so if you have you know a long weekend or you've been out of the pool for a week It's gonna feel like you're swimming in mud and all sluggish because you naturally will lose that feel for the water We need to spend time in the pool You know fine pools you want to swim a lot Back in the day we used to swim, you know up to like a hundred thousand meters a day Just spend time you mean individually an individual will would swim a hundred thousand meters in one day That's common during peak training Training trips training times, but here at prep we swim about two to four thousand meters a day Which we want some quality training with also some treading some pool skills taking place water rescues Whatever else we do so here at prep we swim about two to four thousand meters a day to help us From you know kicking swimming pacing Long-distance swims short sprints. We kind of do a mixed bag With all the strokes almost every day here Let's talk a little bit about mobility. I mean there's obviously a huge focus on strength and coming into this pipeline You know these guys have to do X number pull-ups and push-ups guys have been asking each other how much they can bench since they were teenagers Right not everybody has the type of genetics that that you are gifted with the type of swimmer body that you would see Versus you know an olympic weightlifter or fill in a blank for any other sport, right? That seems like it would be a little bit of an issue for some people whether it's the shoulders and their ability to reach It kind of caused a little bit of that kind of stuttered stroke and stuff like that Do you work on mobility here? Do you recommend the guys and athletes that are kind of coming into this process work on mobility? Any specific exercises for that that you recommend? We all love those big bulky mirror muscles Those are not going to assist you in the pool. We want to have you know the longest range of motion possible Increase, you know your shoulder mobility make you more efficient in the water and just help with injury prevention as well So stay away from bulky muscles. We want to be Flexible so we will do some stretching here increase your range of motion shoulder mobility If I see some candidates that are really bad in the water I will pull them aside and show them some extra stretches that they can do to help them out help them out There's been a couple times as groups will do a class stretch with a swimming background I do you know a majority of all the shoulder mobility increase that range of motion But there are some partner stretches you know Grabbing your hands behind your back It should be taking place if you're bad at that work with a towel little by little Working on perfect streamline a majority of our candidates came and do that where you know Everyone can show me a streamline, but is your wrist over wrist?  Are you as long as possible in the water? It's just unnatural being in the water keeping your arms above you for that long that I think candidates really don't expect It will help you out in the long run, you know become more efficient and hopefully prevent some injuries as well After speaking with people involved with kind of the the strength and conditioning Out of water portion of building up for this There's a big emphasis on the parts of the body that people aren't working on in the gym You know what I mean the upper back and then in the shoulders specifically I think our got to be a common weak point for people not necessarily in strength But in mobility and just being able to get a really really long stroke You need to be able to get your your hands straight over shoulders Nobody off the street can do those types of movements to be able to make their body that long Do you think that's representative what you see in the pool? It is common. Hopefully it will go away over time once we do start swimming You're going to start getting used to having your arms out in front of you for long periods of time Whether we're doing some you know kicking drills in the streamlined position Whether we're just swimming some long-distance freestyle sets Where we kind of over exaggerate no front quadrant swimming Always keeping one hand out in front of your body the most you know efficient ways to swim freestyle And this should start going away over time But hopefully you can come with a good range of motion in your shoulders We're not going to over stress your shoulders too much in the pool a lot of us swimmers have been doing it for many years We'll start have some shoulder Injuries more common in the pool Ankle flexibility is also a huge one that gets overlooked in the pool A lot of our candidates kick like they are wearing a boots and they have no boot size So you're saying keeping their their foot at like a 90 degree ankle? Correct, which is not what we want to do here Um, you should not have to think about pointing your toes while kicking But ankle flexibility plays a big role in the water. We will Slowly increase the amount of meters we do with fins on Starting off with no fins and then slowly working our way up to you know, four or five thousand meters with fins on But if you have poor ankle flexibility There's some other stretches you can do such as you know ready in the alphabet Sitting on your feet while you're watching tv or whatever it is, but other Natural abilities to get kind of overlooked in the pool there So you mentioned you mentioned fins. What what's your take on the fin issue in terms of for prep and training? Um How do you recommend people incorporate if at all fins and masks and goggles and Caps or whatever it is into their training process developing up for pst tests So almost every pool has some basic equipment. Luckily for swimming. You don't need any You want some goggles or a mask? Absolutely wear them.  You don't need to have 10 foot long dye fins some ridiculous things on your feet that are you know stiff as a board Just basic surface fins or zoomers, which are those a little bit shorter looking fins Help you out just condition your legs a little bit more kickboards are almost found at every single pool as well We do use those here at prep as well, you know condition your legs If you can condition, you know the biggest muscle groups of your body the rest of your body will be good to go as well So we will focus a lot on kicking. It's also the quickest way to get in shape as well Kicking with the board without a board, you know in streamlined position on your side We will do a lot of other drills, you know with some equipment on some equipment off. So be comfortable All strokes with without equipment It should be good in the water no matter what if you're wearing pants if you're wearing a shirt Just a suit all have different feels for the water Which you should be able to you know execute with no problem What kind of things that are a little bit unconventional? Do you think are helpful that you would recommend that are safe for people to develop their skills and their their capabilities in their comfort level One great thing about swimming there's Infinite amount of drills you can do to help you out become more you know comfortable in the water Or just bite size pieces of the stroke So you can start swimming, you know with just one arm or just you know one leg out of the water We'll do some goofy, you know body balance drills like that Always swim with a lifeguard with a buddy. You don't need to do underwater swims You do not need to do you know anything crazy outside of here, you know at a pool Just do some basic lap swims different intervals different distances You know join your high school team Polo team treading is a big one. I think it's overlooked You mean in terms of people people not practicing that correct coming here with no Base on how to tread in the water So staying stationary at the surface with your head dry And we will do this for extended periods of time Our hands out of the water with you know one hand out two hands out in the streamline position And you need to learn how to control your body in the water So come with a good Base of tread whether it's the egg beater kick what you see the most efficient way to tread Or with a breaststroke or a scissor kick to help you out keep your head above the surface there You talked a little bit about you know no need to underwater swim How is the the pst administered in terms of starting off your swim?  What are the kind of standards for that? So once we start doing underwater swims here, we have a one-to-one safety ratio So one candidate per one staff member You know with fin snorkel rescue tube in case something happens in the higher risk training evolutions However, once we start doing our swims in the water every time you push off the water Without fins on you should be executing at least one underwater breaststroke pullout Which is the most efficient way to swim underwater not the fastest way, but the most efficient way to swim underwater So push off in that tight streamline position So we have wrist over wrist you're squeezing your ears with your biceps You know powerful push off the wall You know it's tight streamline as far as you can and when you start slowing down Your hands will separate start anchoring there You know your arms push that water past your chest past your hips past your feet long glide And then sneak your hands back out front while executing a breaststroke kick underwater swimming Is the single greatest thing you can almost do to become better in the water because You're built up your lung capacity You learn how to catch and move through the water And obviously how to be streamlined as possible in the water. So it's a great thing. We do not allow our candidates To swim underwater though without us there. So there's a fine line with the safety issue But off every wall execute one underwater breaststroke pullout try and travel about 15 meters Off the wall you mean in total before initiating a stroke or correct, which is uh In the competitive world that is how far you are allowed to go off every single wall So try and use that you know get be comfortable with pushing off in the streamline position Executing one underwater breaststroke pullout And try and travel as far as you can and you should be relaxed while doing this as efficient way to swim underwater You should not be having a higher heart rate freak out mode Which we see one candidates start doing you know our underwater swims Sometimes you see people big eyes start breathing too heavily and that's when stuff can go south very quick How do you feel that open water? Swimming plays into the the training process to get you to buds. So I strongly Enforced that every candidate leaves here Can do the one mile in the bay mile and a half two mile open water swims Under those time standards of 90 85 80 minutes They're all physically able to do that One thing that you cannot teach in a pool with a line telling you where to go with no waves no marine life No tides pushing you around is guiding and siding So once we start doing some buddy swims or you're partnered up with someone You always swim within six feet of each other at all times. So guiding and siding Is one thing's difficult to teach in a pool So every once in a while when you swim work on picking your head up looking downrange focus on You know a person walking by a fixed object down far away You know mimicking a boat a buoy a bridge an island whatever is out there And then without stopping or pausing the water and continue swimming. We will be swimming 4 000 meters You know a day which is well over two miles in 90 minutes So everyone is obviously able to pass that time standard here But open water is a new realm and Mother nature can play a big role sometimes with what's taking place there Yeah, I guess there's a big safety issue too if you lived by the beach and you wanted to try to get out in open water And that's where you're going to practice your strokes I'm going to I'm going to have to guess that that's not something you recommend in terms of I'm trying to increase your fitness level generally unless you're Really an expert swimmer and even so I don't think that that's really worth the risk Unnecessary find a pool with a lifeguard Make sure you have some swim buddies around you know go work out or train with people You know similar in speed or age and try and push each other that way You don't need to find open water Here at great lakes. We have lake michigan in our backyard We are only in there, you know a handful of times a year due to the amount of Safety equipment staff everything that's to take place in order to swim outdoors And the limited window which we have here in lake michigan is quite small and that's if the weather cooperates with us on those days So there is a lot of safety aspects to take place to swim open water But easily find a pool get your workouts in there And you know try and do you know 3000 meters, which is two miles Hopefully under the 90 minute mark spend as much time in the water as you can And come to prep with a good base or foundation that we can build on Well dan, thank you so much. Where can people find any other details that might want to about this topic? So you can go to sealswik.com Wonderful illustrations pictures and descriptions about what to expect here at naval special warfare preparatory school Great dan. Thank you so much for your time and all the great information anytime Find out more at sealswik.com and join us again for the next nsw podcast


Welcome back to State Tech. Thanks for being with us. This is View from the North and we're going to talk about building homes in Canada with our old friend, Dr. Ken Rogers, who joins us from Kelowna, British Columbia to talk about that. He's had a fair experience in his life of building homes and I think we can learn a lot from the way they do it in Canada. So what are the challenges? I mean, is Canada just fine about building homes? What challenges are you facing and how are you solving them? There's an endless number of challenges in Canada, not unlike the U.S., and most of the challenges are government-caused or government-created, such as the red tape to get approval of most things. It takes far too long and it's an uncertain process. Generally, the industry has so much government interference that it misses. The best thing that the industry has is the entrepreneurship. If there's very few industries where such a huge portion of those that make things happen, the real estate developers, there's very few industries that have as many really good entrepreneurs. The real secret to making housing work in my mind is to have the right carrots and sticks with regard to those entrepreneur developers. If you simply use government to steer it rather than interfere with it, you'll get phenomenal results. I can think of the greatest example in Canada, a program that was so good they had to stop it. Back in the early 1970s, when the baby boomers, the peak of the baby boomers were all looking for, you know, they were all young and they're just coming out of college and they're all looking for apartments. It was phenomenal shortage of rental accommodation. The federal government created a program called MIRB, M-U-R-B, multiple urban residential buildings. Basically, the program was designed to create rental accommodations in a big, big scale. It had a very simple feature and it recognized, almost by accident rather than design, I think, that the difficulty in building any housing is not, can you get nice mortgage money? There's an absolute abundance of mortgage money in the US and Canada. It is the difference between the total cost and the mortgage and also in terms of the timing. If you're a developer and you're trying to build a building of any scale, you need between a third, like 33% and 40%, you know, but a good rule of thumb would be 3 eighths, you know, but nearly 40% of the cost of the building you have to have in cash capital till well after the building's completed, you know, let's say three or four months after the last part of the building's completed and then the equity that you've put up would come down to whatever the mortgage was example. If it was a 75% mortgage, your equity would be down to 25%. If it was a 90% mortgage, your equity would come down to 10%, but that's after the fact. So, you need a lot of capital to develop anything of scale and the key is how do you get that capital? Well, what this program in Canada did back in the 70s was they simply allowed an income tax deduction to the people who put up that capital. So, for example, my brother and I had a company that we simply syndicated or we obtained capital from investors, like your lawyer, dentist, medical doctor type of professionals that have lots of cash flow and their biggest complaint is how much tax they pay. They don't pay nearly the kind of tax that the billionaire type people pay, but to them, they're getting really beat up. They don't have the opportunity to devise any method to reduce the tax. They just think they're being raped by the government and so they're really mentally very interested in any way of reducing the tax temporarily or long term.  So, you ended up where this was a great saving. If it was a rental property and you stayed in, that is, you just stayed with an ownership in the property. This tax deduction was really a long term saving in tax and basically, your tax savings over say five year period, counting capital cost allowance or depreciation, which you could take against your income, you really would have a good percentage of the money you put up was simply the taxes you saved. But certainly, when you got around to selling it, it might have been, your cost base was pretty small. So, they ended up where this program was so successful that after about five, four or five years, the total market was just so flooded with rental accommodation that they had to shut off the program. I mean, it was phenomenally successful. It's just, you know, turn the entrepreneurs on, give them a chance and that was really the program that happened to fit the most difficult part of developing anything. And would you have to hear the years that this program was in place? It was about 1974 to 1979.  But it emphasizes the point of, you know, where's the toughest piece of the, what's the biggest problem as to why there's not more development and it just takes so much capital? Well, it's not the mortgage capital, it's the equity capital. That's the main problem. The construction capital. Yes, but construction takes a long period of time. You know, when my brother and I started developing things, once we had a building permit, we could have a side-by-side duplex built in 60 days and occupied by somebody. Now, that's a thing. Yeah, that's the thing. I mean, we certainly have that in Hawaii where we can't get a building permit for months and years. It's happening on Maui, which is really a place we have to rebuild. And it's because government doesn't provide building permits so quickly. So how does this kind of relief that you're talking about and the deductions for the, you know, cost of construction essentially, the capital? How would that help the problem of government, the Department of Planning and Permitting dragging its heels for years? It does not solve that problem. You really have three levels of government, all of which play some role that helps screw up the availability of affordable housing. Well, I can offer a thought on that and that is that if I'm the entrepreneur, the developer, and I have to raise the money and there's no real big tax incentive, at least not in that part of the timeline. Then what happens is it discourages me because I have to pay interest on the money I raise. And while I'm waiting for the Department of Planning and Permitting, the interest clock is ticking on me. So my numbers by calculus, you know, in finding a profit at the end of the road is made much more difficult because of the delay. Am I right about that? Yes. But I tend to think that your negativeism towards municipal planning is a bit overdone. I perhaps Canada is a little nicer in many ways. But most of the real estate development I did was in provinces of Alberta and British Columbia and Canada and in Alberta. It's really the most free enterprise oriented province in Canada. It's the one with the highest standard of living because of that. I mean, a few extra zillion tons of oil and gas don't hurt. But nevertheless, there, you know, the municipal governments are very anxious to move things quickly. You know, and they try really hard to have exactly what you need. And there are very few delays. And once you filed what you need to have filed, you know, like nowadays, you know, filing is not a simple thing. And most of the problems that I saw in municipal government when I was a senior planner was that people came in and with a half half-hearted application or a half the required information wasn't there. And when you got to keep going back and forth to somebody to get an application, you know, they're complaining that the municipalities dragging their heels. Well, that's really isn't necessarily the case. Well, I mean, let me offer a thought. I mean, you were a senior planner a long time ago. I'm sorry to say that here on the show, Ken. Why? And they didn't have computers or even cell phones at that time. And so, what about now? I mean, theoretically, you could build a website which would call for all of that information and sort of force the applicant to put it in before he can go to the next step and therefore make the process much more structured and presumably quick. What about that? Well, most of the cities in Western Canada, I have fairly computerized automated systems. I'm not sure that I'm not sure that we do. And I don't know about the mainland. Well, I mean, that surprises me. I have always thought of, you know, most of the US as being more sophisticated than the rest of the world.  You know, and yet a lot of it moves the other way. I certainly, I agree with your concept that automation and technology can improve the municipal planning process. I mean, some of the cornerstone pieces of municipal planning that are a problem is if you have an application for simply a permit is one thing. But if the permit requires different zoning or you're looking for an exception, you know, I want to build, you know, six inches higher than, you know, the bylaw says, then the process is just ridiculously airable. Like every municipality will have, you know, a planning commission made up of a bunch of citizens as well as some of the professional planners, you know, and they'll have meetings maybe every two weeks, maybe once a month, depending on the size of the place. So there's a delay. Well, then they have their meeting and they just hum and ha about what's missing or shall we allow this for extra six inches? Well, let's call for a public hearing. Well, then you got another month's delay before the announcement's even out for public hearing. Then you have the public hearing and the public hearing and everybody comes and has, well, not in my backyard. I don't want any tall buildings. This will block the view or maybe, you know, some flying sparrow will bang into the building. I mean, just, you know, the process of having municipal hearings, the not in my backyard opportunity, you know, really spoils a lot of the timing, you know, but so what you really need is start at the municipal level and recognize that the bylaws and standards are usually, you know, a couple of years behind what can be done. For example, in Western Canada, you know, we've proven very clearly that you can use, you know, wood construction and build a 12-story building. You know, like the Japanese would say, well, of course you could build that with bamboo. We've had temples for centuries that are that big, you know, but we just started with building codes that if you used it, you know, two by four wall or a two by six wall, gee, if you went more than three floors high, it probably fall down or it's not strong enough for, you know, it might burn or something. Well, you know, it now, you know, the most typical construction of a multiple housing, you know, in the Kelowna area is a six-story of wood frame in top of whatever parking garage there is, like if the parking, if the ceiling of the highest level of parking is concrete, so if you had two levels of parking and a concrete slab above it, you could have six more floors of apartments you could have, you know, but really you can go, they've now proven you can easily do it to 12 stories and they got a couple of experimental buildings at that height. Well, that, but it shows that the bylaws though may say, well, gee, we, you know, we can only have 40 feet high because they designed that for, you know, when you could only go four floors, you know, but then they're measuring from the grass around the building rather than from the top of the parking structure, you know, so your municipal bylaws are a big item that need to be changed to take advantage of what the technology is has enabled us to develop. But, you know, that's what I was mentioning before the show began. It seems to me that in the U.S. in Hawaii, we have a terrible housing shortage and it's not limited to housing in general, you know, for middle-class housing, it's for people who can't afford, you know, lower-class housing and who are homeless, they can't afford housing. And so we really have a crying need to build housing, but you have these same problems. You have the problems of governmental restraint, call it, over-regulation perhaps, and financing as well for the entrepreneur where he doesn't really, he or she, they don't really have incentives to move ahead. So they don't. It's a rough business being a developer. You can quote me on that. So let me say, though, that why not have a building such as what you're talking about, you know, a couple of floors of parking with concrete slabs and on top of that, maybe a structure that's less steel, more wood, and you get that approved. Okay. And the next guy who wants to walk into the Department of Planning and Permitting or the bank, he says, hey, I got a plan for you and this plan has been approved right down, you know, to the last detail. So all you have to do is put this plan into the Department of Planning and Permitting and you get an immediate approval because it's the same plan. And I give it to the banker the same way and he doesn't have to go or she, they don't have to go through a lot of humbug to make the long because they know exactly what this plan is about. And the whole thing is cookie cutter. What I'm suggesting is if you have a crying need for more housing, then do cookie cutter, do uniformity to modular? What is that being done in Canada? And can it be? Should it be? If you don't need housing, you don't care much about that. But if you do need housing, you care a lot about that. Well, I was laughing because real estate development, you can always have many cookie cutter features and repeatable features, but but nothing is totally possible as a cookie cutter. The simplest example is every building sits on a piece of ground. And that ground is different. You know, what you need for footings and stability, you know, is day and night different. I mean, some places like Manhattan, the majority of it is solid rock very close to the surface.  It's now a huge lake, but it's nothing like it used to be. Well, in front of my, you know, four story apartment building that I live in, the ground underneath it is about 60 feet of sand. You know, well, that's very different building on that than building on thing and and and how high are you building? And what is the weight of the building you're going to build? Because if, if anything happens to a building, the first person they're going to blame, you know, is the municipal engineering and planning department is somehow you allowed this to be built when it shouldn't. And think flour, you know, and, and, and every building is a little different in terms of, of, of what, what's the fire proofing?    And it goes up a stairway. If that stairwell has semi-gloss paint on it just takes a few seconds to go up another floor.  Um, and so your municipal authority, you know, particularly the engineering review, you know, like I think of, of planning as very different than engineering. The engineering side of real estate development is very, very important in terms of the municipality checking things. I mean, you watch the earthquakes in Turkey. And in the very first thing they say, somebody didn't approve it properly. They let this shoddy, whatever. Well, you know, the let me go back to that. Let me go back to that. So, okay, you're going to need soils work. You're going to need engineers to talk about footings.  You're going to need specialty engineers for that. But for the actual design of the, you know, the, the division of the space, the organization of these apartments, the integration of the apartments on the floor and in the building. If you had a cookie cutter there, you would save some money, right? Maybe not all of the money, but some of the money every developer now does that. You know, like in the city I live in is small, you know, in the sense of like about 250,000 people metro. But we have apartment buildings where if you were on the street going by, you'd say, goodness, there's 20 of those buildings that each of which have 50 suites, and they're all the same. It's like the same, they changed the color of the paint maybe on the outside or they changed a little bit. But you know, you can tell they're a cookie cutter building. And in particular, even though you may find the building, you know, on a lot that's a little different than another.  So most of it's still cookie cutter. I mean, that that's really a lot, you know, is there any side to that? There's no downside to that. No, well, well, I can remember though, when, when I first started in the development business, my brother and I built a duplex side by side duplex that we just did it as a cookie cutter chung chung chung chung chung and we're popping these things out. And, and this was about oh, two years after I had been senior planner at the city of Calgary. And I, I'm before them asking for approval of a of an adjustment in a subdivision where we had a a bunch of lots, let's call it 10 lots in a row. And I wanted to resubdivide them into 15 lots, because we had purposely designed this as a narrow building so that we could get through the minimum size subdivision lot for to you for a duplex. And, and they said, yes, but we won't allow you to build any more of these duplexes in Calgary. And I, why not? There's a phenomenal demand. And he just says, just because there's too many of them. And, and, you know, that's not the way to encourage the development of housing, is it? Well, I don't think they were worried that I would go away and pout that I'd come back with a different thing. So, you know, which we did.  The process is what they need updating that like the political side almost needs to tell them or the planners themselves need to update all of their methodology so that they can what's permitted to be done without going through these public hearings is what really will cut the time that anything will go through. You know, for example, in, in British Columbia, they were trying to have a provincial wide law that said that any single property could have a minimum of four suites or six suites that they're not quite decided yet what they do in that regard. So it hasn't finished their final approval. But some of the cities already have major neighborhoods that have this zoning already in place. So, but they were just going to make it, you know, province wide. Period. You know, if you have a single family home, you have an absolute right to put a suite in it. Period. You know, I want to ask you about single family homes, you know, we've been talking about six stories, eight stories, maybe 12 stories, but we're not a single family home, because that's really a great demand and it's a it's a it's a product that will satisfy the middle class usually. Why can't we have standard foreign plans, uniform, uniform design and build a whole. But you've talked about Calgary, but you know, uniform systems and and design points, where you could build a whole bunch of these and not have delays in permitting, not have delays in and with lenders, or for that matter, construction, you can get people out there to build them cookie cutter style, right up and down the block. You know, Hawaii doesn't have enough of that, in my opinion. But is that appealing? Is that useful? Is that a lesson we could learn from Canada? I don't think there's much that that American entrepreneurs can learn from Canadian entrepreneurs, because because any good entrepreneur is aware of what's going on somewhere else. You know, for example, the Urban Development Institute has seminars in Canada and the US and and developers from both countries go back and forth. And when you use cookie cutter styled single family homes, I could remember on a tour on an urban development tour just south of San Francisco, going for miles and miles and miles. And all of the houses were exactly the same looking from the outside, they might have had three floor plans. But from the outside, you could hardly tell the difference. And so, you know, they're there, you got cities like Las Vegas, where the cost of a single family home is really inexpensive. And they're just cookie cutter with every bit of technology that you could possibly bring the bear they're using to keep those costs down. And they're just wonderfully well done. Now, you know, one of the one of the examples I'm thinking of as you're talking is military housing. And we have plenty of military housing here in Hawaii. And they're all pretty much the same. There might be variations in the floor plans, but nobody much cares about the external design of the home. And I think we could probably learn from, you know, the military and how to do it fast and quick, using the best technology, yet using uniform construction methodologies. I don't know why we don't learn from them. Maybe there's a source of expertise we could gather from them. And no, you don't have a military as big as us. But we do have military lessons we could learn, I think. Well, if you were a large scale developer, or a small scale developer, and I'm the military, what's the difference between you and I? Like I can do what I want. You can't. What are the constraints that you have? That's, you know, the difficulty with the process.  They're confident their engineer has designed it well, you know, where where municipality knows for sure that some engineer has certified that the soil is such and such, the structure will work, the electrical works, the plumbing works, different engineer has certified everything, the architect certified it. But if something goes wrong with the building, the municipality is to blame.  So they got to go through the process of checking every single piece of that.  Oh, yeah, you know, we have one issue. It's called corruption we have where you can go as the architect or the engineer or the developer onto the planning department and you can get your plans done almost immediately versus a person who is not connected, not plugged in, not politically powerful. And you'd have to wait online with the rest of them. And I wonder if Canada has that. I wonder if Canada has a way to address that. For example, just as a loose example, but in Singapore, you don't have a lot of corruption at the management level, at the governmental level. Why? It's because they pay extraordinary salaries to the individual who are making these decisions so much so that there's no point in having those guys take money on the side. I'm afraid we haven't figured out how to deal with that yet. I wonder if there's a way to deal with that that we can learn from Canada. Well, we certainly have a lot less than the news kind of says occurs in the US, but for example, and Canadians really make a big stink about it instantly. For example, in the province of Ontario, surrounding the metropolitan area of Toronto, they established a few years ago a green zone. It's called a major area where there would not be developed. This would have lots of parks and lots of this and lots of that. And it was a monstrous area. Well, that was developed when the metro area had about 3 million people. Well, now it has about 6.5 million. And they were pushing the boundaries and there were freeways that went across this, but the cities and towns on the far side of the remote suburbs across the green belt, people were still commuting into Metro Toronto. And so there was a lot of pressure by developers to see if they could trade a piece of land that they had for something that was in the green belt, but what they had was next to the green belt in a different spot. And there's big scandal right now in Ontario about even the Premier of the province was involved in some of these land swap arrangements with developers, and they've been trying to trace the money and making a big stink. But so far, there's no Spiro Agnews that they found. I don't know if you're familiar with that. Certainly I am. I know you are, but perhaps your audience is not as enlightened. However, we really make a big stink in Canada about corruption and most of our civil services is pretty well paid, so that I don't know whether that is different in the US. However, certainly professional engineers that work for the municipal governments don't jump out of those jobs very quickly, like consulting firms don't seem to pay any more than they do. There's a whole list of other issues and delays and problems, and I think we could probably spend another show on this. For example, we could talk about the unions and what effect they have. But right now, I think we're out of time, and so we're going to have to say farewell and adieu in Eastern Canada. But thank you very much for sharing. I feel we've only scratched the surface here, and there's a lot more you could offer us and our developers to try to meet the need here in Hawaii, especially in Maui. Oh, I think the developers could handle it, just give them a chance. Stick a carrot in front of them and they'll go for it. Okay, all right. It's a carrot to stick, mostly the carrot. Thank you very much, Ken. It's reduced the impediments. They'll do the job. Anyhow, Aloha from Canada. Aloha from Hawaii. Thanks very much.