Why Experts Can't Predict the Future? In the ancient world, kings would often rely on a special group of priestly advisors to project power over their subjects. These court priests would inform the public that their monarch was divinely inspired and their actions were guided with supernatural foresight. In today's world, fewer rulers claim a religious justification for their grand plans. However, the power of expert advisory councils and fortune tellers remain. Rather than being positioned in religious cathedrals, so-called policy experts provide intellectual cover for governments seeking greater and greater power to control society. In doing so, they reveal how many alleged policy experts, including celebrated economists, do not think like an economist. For example, economists will often explain all the great things that will happen if the government can spend money on a particular program or create a new policy tool. They might aggregate incomplete data, add certain assumptions, and then project outward a forecast that aligns conveniently with their agenda. Oftentimes, these predictions are wrong and are generally grounded in unrealistic assumptions about the world. Economists can never, for example, project real prices in future markets because of how the wants and demands of the public can change, nor can they take into account unforeseen innovation, disasters, or large changes in human behavior. No expert can predict the future. This does not mean there is no value in forecasting. Businesses, investors, gamblers, and others may utilize their knowledge of a specific field or industry to make predictions about events with more accuracy than others. Like an entrepreneur, if they are right, they profit. If they are wrong, they lose. The danger lies in overconfident forecasting that is combined with the powers of the state. For example, prior to 2008, the Federal Reserve repeatedly denied the existence of a housing bubble that resulted from its low interest rates, which had led to malinvestment in housing. When the Fed's failures created a financial crisis, the result was the central bank giving itself more power to fix the problem. Consistently, central bank experts are wrong in their predictions about economic growth or future interest rates. And just as consistently, they give themselves more influence over global capital markets. The problem isn't just with central bankers. In 2020, many governments decided to shut down based on forecasts about the coronavirus that were wildly incorrect. Many businesses failed, and lives were ruined because of bad expert predictions. Even more horrifying, governments have engaged in programs grounded in bad predictions about resources, like underestimating the global food supply, which resulted in fears about overpopulation. The result has been forced sterilization programs, one child loss, and other anti-human policies. The predictions were wrong, and untold numbers lost their lives and livelihood as a result. Society is a complex system. The number of uncertainties that exist are impossible to isolate, which makes the future impossible to predict with certainty. This is particularly true for complex systems such as the economy, public health, and the global climate. Our economics teaches us how to better understand the world as it exists, the importance of empowering individuals with property rights, and the consequences of misusing state power. It does not grant us the ability to predict the future. There is no mathematical formula or complex model that can replace the proper study of human action.


Welcome to the Hindu News Analysis by Shankar A.S. Academy, displayed are the list of news articles taken for today's analysis and their page numbers in different editions of the newspaper. The link for the handwritten notes and the time stamping of the discussed articles are provided in the description box and it is also provided in the comment section for the benefit of mobile phone viewers. Now let us move on to the analysis of first news article. This article is with reference to fixing a minimum wage or a floor wage. The syllabus 11 for the analysis of this news article has been highlighted here for your reference. We have known that the Ministry of Labor and Employment has taken several steps to formulate four labor codes and these steps are taken based on the recommendations of Second National Commission on Labor and some of the codes that are drafted are codon wages, codon industrial relations, codon social security and welfare, and codon occupational safety, health and working conditions. See these four codes are aimed at simplifying and rationalizing the various provisions in 44 central legislations with respect to labor. These codes contain provisions relating to wage, social security, safety, health, grievance, redress mechanisms for workers and other labor provisions. Overall, these initiatives or these codes are expected to provide wage security, social security, occupational safety and decent working conditions for the workers. Now this codon wages 2019, it aims to consolidate the laws relating to wages and bonus matters and this codon wages was already enacted by the parliament and it has become an enforceable legislation after receiving the president's assent on 8th August of 2019. Now the remaining three codes, the codon industrial relations, codon social security and welfare and codon occupational safety, health and working conditions, they have not yet become an enforceable legislation because they are at different stages of enactment. Now this codon wages 2019, it aims to regulate the provisions of minimum wages and the provisions of bonuses and also timely payment of wages for all kinds of employees, say for example unskilled employees, semi-skilled employees, skilled employees, highly skilled employees and these provisions has to be adhered by any industry, trade or business or a manufacturer. Now this codon wages has subsumed four central labor laws, they are minimum wages act of 1948, payment of wages act of 1936, payment of bonus act of 1965 and equal remuneration act of 1976 and once code of wages has become an enforceable legislation all the four central acts stands repealed. Now this codon wages is significant because it seeks to fix the statutory floor wage for minimum wages so as to ensure minimum living standards for workers all across the country. Now here when we say floor wage it means a level below which minimum wage should not go. For example if government decides to fix floor wage at say 10,000 per month then the minimum wage for the month should not go below the floor wage. So now there are various consultations being carried out by ministry of labor and employment regarding fixing the national floor wage and as per codon wages recently the ministry has released draft rules to implement the provisions of codon wages and it has asked to give suggestions and feedback by 1st December 2019 and this draft rules that are released recently are called as preliminary draft of central wages rules that are coming under the steps to be taken based on section 67 of codon wages 2019. This code asks this code states that the minimum rate of wages shall be fixed on the day basis keeping in view of certain criteria and these are one the standard working class family includes a spouse and two children apart from the earning worker or in other words an equivalent of three adult consumption units then a net intake of 2700 calories per day for one person then 66 meters cloth for one year for one standard working class family then house rent expenditure to constitute 10 percent of food and clothing expenditure then fuel electricity and other miscellaneous items of expenditure to constitute 20 percent of minimum wage and then expenditure for children education medical requirement recreation and expenditure on contingencies and these things to constitute 25 percent of minimum wages. So this is with respect to minimum wages under the draft rules regarding floor wages the draft rules are saying that in rule 11 that the central advisory board constituted by the central government has to be consulted for fixing base rate of floor wage it has to take into consideration minimum living standards for at least three adult consumption units and it should take care of food needs clothing needs housing needs and other factors considered appropriate by the central government but for floor wages they have not clearly earmarked these are the criteria similar to how we saw for minimum wages in the draft rules under rule three earlier an expert committee was constituted by the labor ministry and this committee in February this year they have recommended a need-based national minimum wage for India and they sought to fix it at rupees 375 for one day so it will come to around close to 10,000 per month to be accurate 9,750 per month here when we say month it refers to 26 working days so 375 into 26 9,750 and in 2015 there was one another recommendation this was from the 7th central pay commission it recommended setting rupees 18,000 per month as minimum pay for government employees so fixing minimum wages or fixing this floor wage would require consideration of various parameters across various sections and across various category of workers also now let's see how this national floor wage will affect the economy as a whole see the minimum wage system in our country has to be designed considering the aim of achieving inclusive growth even this was stressed by one of the economic surveys released recently by the government a statutory national minimum wage or a statutory national floor wage this will have multiple impacts for example it will help to elevate or to lift the wage levels of the workers and it will reduce wage inequality and it will also reduce poverty levels in our country and therefore it will propel inclusive growth and if the wages of the workers increase it means the purchasing power parity of the employees will also increase if the purchasing power parity increases then it will create demand in the economy therefore higher wages or at least a statutory minimum wage or a guaranteed minimum wage will induce consumption led economic growth while at the same time a standard family could maintain its requirements without much trouble now if you see the demands of workers associations after the release of draft rules on november 1 2019 they are saying that there is still lack of clarity with respect to the definition of nine-hour working day whether this nine hour will include leisure time of taking breaks or lunchtime or tea break or not it is still not clear and there is still lack of clarity about upgradation of workers skill whether it is the responsibility of the organization so as to pay for upgradation of skills of workers or it is totally the burden of the workers to upgrade their skill for enriching their skill to benefit company or a factory or whether it is based on contribution from both sides there is still lack of clarity and they are also saying that there is lack of representation for trade unions in the wage fixation committee what is this committee if you see section 8 of code of wages 2019 it talks about fixing minimum rates of wages for the first time under this code of wages 2019 wherein a committee has to be constituted and this committee will hold inquiries and this committee will recommend fixation or revision of minimum wage rates in this committee and there shall be members representing employees but note that the workers or the employees shall be equal in number with respect to the members representing employers and there shall also be independent persons but these persons should not exceed one-third of total members of the committee that is they should not exceed 33 percent of total members of committee now the workers associations are demanding representation for trade unions in this committee now if you see the concerns raised by employers associations they are talking about if we have a statutory minimum floor wage or if the floor wage is higher then that will erode the revenues of a company or a factory or a unit and they have also raised concerns if we increase the wage level it will also lead to inflation because now there will be increased purchasing power parity more people will be chasing towards less number of goods as a result there will be inflation so this is also being highlighted by the employers associations so these are some of the information with respect to the analysis of this news article now the success of the code on wages will be determined by the extent to which the minimum wage is set or the floor wage is set and this floor wage has to be fair and it has to be actually implemented to benefit millions of workers particularly in the unorganized sectors of our country now let us move on to the analysis of next news article this news article is with reference to the recently released the wastelands atlas of india 2019 the syllabus relevant for the analysis of this news article has been highlighted here for your reference first let's see few information with reference to the wastelands atlas of india 2019 see this is the fifth edition of wastelands atlas we already have four editions in the years 2000 2005 2010 and 2011 and this recently released atlas is the fifth edition this atlas is prepared by department of land resources in collaboration with the national remote sensing center here the department of land resources comes under ministry of rural development and the national remote sensing center comes under department of space now this 2019 edition it provides district and statewide distribution of different categories of wastelands area comparing to previous editions this edition has covered those areas that were not covered under previous editions particularly those areas under the erstwhile jammu and kashmir state atlas presents the changes in the wastelands between 2008 9 and 2015 16 the atlas presents the extent and scenario with respect to around 23 categories of wastelands for example a land affected by moderate salinity or moderate alkalinity it is also a wasteland and a land affected by strong alkalinity or strong salinity it is also a wasteland so what is a wasteland what do we refer when we say wasteland see it refers to degraded lands which are currently underutilized and these degraded lands are deteriorating because of absence of or because of lack of appropriate soil and water management strategies or these lands are degrading or being currently underutilized because of natural causes for example flooding or for example permanent water logging and various other reasons so according to this atlas wastelands occupy around approximately 17 percent of the total geographical area of our country for the year 2015 16 and when we compare to the year 2008 9 there is a decrease of wastelands and this decrease of wastelands is to the tune of around 1.45 million hectares that is around some 14,500 square kilometers and the decrease is because much area of wasteland category has been converted to non-wasteland categories since 2008 9 to 2015 16 the news article talks about some of the wastelands that have reduced in terms of their area because of conversion for example dense scrubs waterlogged and marshy land sandy areas degraded pastures in other words degraded grazing land and gullyden ravineous land here when we say dense scrub it refers to very thick vegetation of standard trees or bushes these degraded lands with dense scrub will have shallow and skeletal soils and mostly they have chemically degraded soils when we say marshy land or waterlogged land this is a type of wetland where water covers the ground for a long period of time as a result we cannot utilize this land for various purposes in the wasteland at least these sandy areas are classified into riverine sands coastal sands desert sands and two categories of semi stabilized to two stabilized dunes one greater than 40 meter height than the other 15 to 40 meter height and when we say degraded pastures or degraded grazing land this refers to those lands which are used by cattle for grazing but have become unfit for use and gully and ravines are two extreme forms of soil erosion here gully is a narrow channel when surface water flow increases in response to clearing and excessive use of land in the terminology of wastelands because of clearing and because of excessive use of land when surface water flow increases because of erosion a narrow channel is formed it may be in the form of v-shaped channel this channel is called as a gully and an intricate network of gullies is referred as ravines and there are two categories of ravines medium ravines and deep ravines based on their depth the depth is between 2.5 to 5 meters they are called as medium ravines and deep ravines are those ravines that are more than 5 meters deep and the news article mentions that more than 50 percent of the entire wasteland that has been converted between 2008 9 to 1516 of the converted land 50 percent is in the state of Rajasthan here large areas of scrub and sands they have been converted to cultivable crop land and Rajasthan has also set up solar parks in the wastelands so that the wastelands can be converted to industrial use for the protection of renewable energy a few other states that have seen largest conversion of wastelands are you know Uttar Pradesh Bihar and some other states now see this picture it mentions some of the wasteland categories that have been converted most into productive use between 2008 9 to 1516 so here you can observe that most conversion has taken place in the wasteland category land with dense scrub followed by snow covered or glacial area then sand areas then underutilized or degraded forest and then shifting cultivation and followed by other categories now with respect to conversion of wastelands say for example it could be into a solar parks or it could be into a cultivable crop land there are two opinions mentioned in this news article one from the side of government and other from the side of environmental policy researchers and environmentalist and persons fighting for environmental rights now from the side of government it states that there is an urgent need to improve productivity of existing cultivated lands and we also require additional land for cultivation this is required to feed the entire population of India see our cultivation has to support our population with the limited land resources it is mentioned that we are having more than 16% of world's population but our land area is just 2.4% of world's geographical area and in terms of grazing lands it is said that our country has just 2.5% of world's grazing lands but we have more than 18% of world's cattle population so there is tremendous pressure on land resources so to bring additional land under cultivation the government has been encouraging wasteland conversion at the same time the wastelands can also be utilized for any other productive use those wastelands which have the potential to produce food grains they can be used for cultivation and those wastelands would have potential to generate solar energy they will be converted into solar parks and some wastelands will be just converted to provide vegetation cover here the news article also mentions about the government's target to restore 26 million hectares of degraded land or wasteland by the year 2030 now with respect to restoration earlier we had a target of just 21 million hectares by 2030 but in the recent 14th session of COP to the United Nations Convention to Compact Desertification the prime minister has increased the target to 26 million from 21 million hectares of degraded land we know that the 14th session of COP to UNCCD held in New Delhi in September 2019 now this target of restoration comes under target under bond challenge and also under land degradation neutrality now on 10th September we have discussed about bond challenge land degradation neutrality and few other issues with reference to the developments regarding the 14th COP of UNCCD you may refer the analysis on 10th September for more information now this news article presents a fact that in some areas wastelands conversion is happening unmindfully that is these areas where some conversion has happened impacts the livelihoods of certain communities for example pastoral communities who depend on common grazing land environmental policy researchers saying that the pastoralist communities and there are some communities and nomadic farmers who depend on scrub forest and open scrub land for the purpose of shifting cultivation and with respect to wastelands coming under the category of water logging you know fishermen depend on such marshy waterlogged areas for catching fishes and generating revenue and some of the wastelands protect some unique biodiversity resources and the article mentions that even these locations that come under the classification of wastelands are also converted and that makes the dependent communities at risk and some category of wastelands act as buffer against flood for example marshy areas near the coast or backwaters and some wastelands act as buffer against droughts and pollution so that the impacts of droughts and pollution may not reach the wider population opinions of the researchers is that some of the wastelands have been common areas for centuries so considering them as unproductive is not right these common areas in southern india have been traditionally called as porambok land they are saying that these lands are owned by the community and these lands cannot be bought sold or built on and in karnataka common grazing areas are called as gomal lands and similar characteristics have been played by several village forest pastures and even lands of grand panchayats since the medieval time period so who categorized these lands as wasteland so it was carried out by the british east india company who categorized these common areas as wasteland because they thought these lands produce no tangible revenue that is they literally cannot feel some some revenue being generated out of these lands with the colonial interest we can say that here the revenue they meant is for them that is for the british east india company the news article also mentions some examples from the city of chennai wastelands for example pallikarni marshland or enur creek backwaters these areas have been converted into industrial or you know built up residential and office areas and conversion of these wastelands into industrial areas or residential areas is one of the reason why chennai was affected the most during the 2015 flood situation and the backwaters they protect inland water resources from the salinity of seawater and these backwaters also protect inland water resources or inland from seawater inundation also these marshy lands and backwaters they store water for dry seasons so these lands when they converted for some other use it means the role of these lands as buffers from the environmental viewpoint has been totally neglected so end of the day this article suggests that in those areas which come under present wastelands category under the wasteland at less whichever having bearing on environment or bearing on certain communities these lands should not be converted for other uses and the government has to adopt some standards with respect to conversion of wastelands so these are some of the information with reference to this news article now let's move on to next news article this news article provides answer to the puzzle why the temperature of corona is higher than the temperature of sun's outer surface the syllabus relevant for the analysis of this news article has been highlighted here for your reference first we have to know that sun is classified into three broad zones one is the core then radiative zone then convection zone the surface of the sun is located in convection zone and from the top of convection zone till 250 miles above the surface of the sun that is above the convection zone it is called as photosphere then from 250 miles to 1300 miles is called as chromosphere and the area from 1300 miles to furthermore is called as the corona see this news article is based on a research study which focused on surface temperature of sun and also the atmospheric temperature of the sun here atmospheric temperature of the sun refers to the temperature of the atmosphere of the sun and this research study aimed to find the reason why sun's atmosphere particularly the corona is hotter than its surface the temperature of core of the sun is around 15 million degrees Celsius but if you see the temperature of the photosphere it is just 5700 degrees Celsius but if you see the temperature of corona it is higher than the temperature of the photosphere the temperature starts increasing outside the photosphere and it reaches a value of about one million degrees or even more in some cases in the corona but if you see logically we would expect that when we move away from a hotter body or a hot object the temperature has to steadily decrease because there is no extra source of heat involved but with respect to sun the temperature rises to one million degrees in corona when compared to the sun's surface where temperatures are comparably much lower so this implies that there should be a source that heats up corona many scientists have attempt to solve this puzzle however recently a team of solar physicists they have made observations and have matched it with an analysis that explains the puzzle or the conundrum they are saying that there are solar spicules if you see this picture it looks like tiny hair like projections these jets are called as solar spicules in reality these spicules are having the width of around 200 to 500 kilometers and they shoot up to heights of up to around 5000 kilometer above the solar surface news article mentions that it has been suspected that these spicules act as conduits that is how it can act like a channel that can carry mass and energy from sun's surface to corona by bypassing photosphere that is how these solar spicules act as conduits or channels through which hot plasma from the sun is carried into the corona region here when we say plasma we are referring to a stream of charged particles that are ejected from the upper atmosphere of sun and while carrying out this research scientists have used one principle to arrive at a conclusion and this principle is that objects emit light of different wavelengths when they are at different temperatures that is objects at different temperatures emit light of different wavelengths so using this principle the scientists have observed the temperature changes so now let us see how the scientists were able to observe various changes that are happening at the sun's atmosphere and also in sun's surface scientists were able to do this by the help of solar telescope the telescope used by the research team for their observations is called as good solar telescope and it is said that this is the world's largest solar telescope a telescope which absorbs sun and it is located at big beer solar observatory in california of united states this solar telescope has nasa's interface region imaging spectrograph instrument which is also called as the near infrared spectro polarimeter this instrument can measure optical properties of sunlight or solar light using this instrument in the telescope they were able to observe the spikeules and they even confirmed that the temperature in the corona is higher when compared to sun's surface after carrying out observations of the changes in the spikeules using this good solar telescope they matched these observations with the simultaneous observations from the atmospheric imaging assembly that is located in nasa's solar dynamic observatory spacecraft see this solar dynamic observatory spacecraft of nasa is located in the space it also absorbs sun so from this news article you know the layers of sun's atmosphere and the reason why the corona is having higher temperature compared to the surface of the sun and about good solar telescope and also about the nasa's solar dynamic observatory spacecraft now let us move on to the analysis of next news article now this news article has appeared in the newspaper in the backdrop of recent snooping activities that were carried out on journalists some lawyers you know some persons working for the welfare of oppressed sections and persons working for the development of persons belonging to the schedule cars and schedule tribes and the persons who are human rights defenders and human rights activists so simply we can say the snooping activities were carried out among persons belonging to civil society organizations so the spyware that was used has been allegedly developed by an Israeli technological firm called us the NSO group the name of the spyware is Pegasus and this spyware was introduced into the personal mobile phones of the attacked persons through a vulnerability in whatsapp call feature so the syllabus relevant for the analysis of this news article has been highlighted here for your reference now that the snooping activity has come to light whatsapp and its parent company facebook has filed a lawsuit against the NSO group that is the Israeli cyber intelligence firm for using whatsapp platform to use the malaysian software Pegasus Pegasus is a malware malware is the short form for malaysian software where Pegasus is actually a spyware it is said that once the spyware takes control of your mobile phone it can auto record videos or audios and it can carry out other functions without the knowledge of the user but NSO group claims that it sells the spyware only to governments across the world to fight terror and crime so if we go by the words of NSO group this means that some government agencies only have snooped on the activities of persons of civil society however Indian government has denied purchasing or dealing with Pegasus and it has also asked whatsapp to explain the security breach in the interest of Indian citizens so in this context let's first discuss the status of surveillance in India two important legislations govern surveillance in India one is the Indian telegraph act of 1885 and the other is the information technology act of 2000 the Indian telegraph act deals with interception of calls whereas the information technology act deals with the interception of data see both the legislations permit only the government to conduct surveillance that too under special circumstances so in India surveillance by private players or private actors is an offense and section 43 of information technology act mentions the penalty and compensation for causing damage to a computer system this section 43 mentions that any person who accesses a computer system or who extracts any data from a system or who introduces any virus to the computer steals destroys or deletes any information from a computer system and few other situations if such an activity is carried out without the permission of the owner of the system then the person shall be liable to pay compensation to the affected persons so according to this national legislation the person or the entity which carried out the snooping activity on Indian citizens they have to pay compensation and section 66 deals with the punishment for this the punishment is imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years or with fine which may extend even to five lakh rupees or with both imprisonment and fine so this is about the person who carries out this activity now what about the person who receives the information from the person who carried out this activity the section 66 capital B of IT act it mentions punishment for dishonestly receiving stolen computer resource or communication so there is imprisonment fine and both imprisonment may extend to the tune of three years now the question is whether these legislations have enough checks and balances against arbitrary surveillance see earlier 1996 supreme court has said that there was a lack of procedural safeguards in the indian telegraph act so in this line the government had later introduced the indian telegraph amendment rules 2007 now these amendment rules introduced one rule called as rule 419 capital A to the indian telegraph rules of 1951 this rule talks about who can issue a direction for interception this can be normally issued only by the union home secretary at the central government and a state home secretary at the level of states and later the government also introduced IT rules in the year 2009 under the information technology act this rules is called as IT procedures and safeguards for interception monitoring and decryption of information rules wherein rule 4 states that competent authority that is secretary of home affairs at the central government or state home secretary may authorize an agency of the government to intercept or monitor or decrypt information for various purposes mentioned in section 69 of IT act know that section 69 empowers central government and state governments to issue directions for monitoring interception decryption of any information that is transmitted received stored through a computer resource which also includes mobile phones so in line with section 69 and in line with rule 4 of IT rules the central government has recently released a notification in December 2018 the ministry involved is ministry of home affairs here the government has authorized 10 security and intelligence agencies for the purposes of interception monitoring and decryption of any information that is generated transmitted received or stored in any computer resource and these institutions are intelligence bureau narcotics control bureau enforcement directorate central board of direct taxes directorate of revenue intelligence central bureau of investigation national investigation agency cabinet secretariat that is the research and analysis wing in the cabinet secretariat then directorate of signal intelligence for the service areas of jammu keshmir northeast and asam and finally the commission of police of tally here we may say that central bureau of investigation is just an investigating body but this notification mentions all these 10 agencies as security and intelligence agencies so this notification was criticized heavily in the civil society and also in the media reports many sections stated that the government is building a surveillance state where the surveillance takes supremacy over the individual rights of citizens with respect to private matters or privacy so what about right to privacy in India what about its status we know that in 2017 the highest court of appeal that is the supreme court gave a verdict in justice ks puttaswamy versus union of india wherein supreme court stated that right to privacy is a fundamental right under article 14 article 19 and article 21 of indian constitution well that is a statement made by the supreme court which becomes a case law according to article 141 of indian constitution the reality or the current ground situation is that there still remains a gray area between right to privacy and the state's concern over the national security in 2017 the government also constituted a data protection committee under the championship of justice b and sri krishna this committee has held a number of public hearings across india and has finally submitted a draft data protection law in the year 2018 but even though they have submitted a draft law for data protection a law on this matter has not yet been enacted by the indian parliament and even there have been some criticisms that the law suggested by justice sri krishna committee also having some loopholes as it does not deal adequately with surveillance reforms one of the very important parameter that is required in whatever law that deals with data protection is the punishment and the responsibility and accountability for a person who is from the government and who is found guilty of misusing the provisions of a data protection law such a provision has to be included in any data protection law for that matter so these are some of the existing mechanisms existing provisions with respect to surveillance in our country now let's discuss the situation in few other countries if you take united states in united states the government has to obtain a warrant from a court of law in case of electronic surveillance the agencies need to submit a cause to justify that a surveillance is required and they have to mention how much time they will be carrying out the surveillance activity and they have also described the nature of conversation that is to be intercepted however even in united states there are few exceptions or emergency circumstances under which a government may proceed without a warrant but recently since 2013 the US government have been heavily criticized by its civil society because of the revelations made by the whistleblower edwards noden who was formerly a contractor of the united states national security agency he leaked certain reports which gave enough information that the US government has been collecting information on millions of its citizens and even some of the foreign nationals and in fact it also has used the legislation called us US patriot act which it enacted after 9-11 2001 attacks this USA patriot act is the short form for uniting and strengthening America by providing appropriate tools required to intercept and obstruct terrorism edwards noden criticized that this legislation has been used by the US government to snoop on its citizens so we can say that in us there is no clear balance between right to privacy and concerns over national security then the article talks about a survey that is conducted by a UK based security firm called us compare it now this firm has surveyed 47 countries to see where governments to identify those countries where the governments are failing to protect privacy that is where the governments are creating surveillance states and the survey has found that only five countries of these 47 countries had adequate safeguards against arbitrary data breach and these five countries are Norway, Ireland, France, Portugal, Denmark so India has to adopt the best practices from these five countries whenever it is to enact a data protection law and in striking a balance between national security concerns and the right to privacy now let's see two three reasons why Norway is called as a country that has adequate safeguards one reason is that it has a law to address data protection issues that is it has a law for data protection then Norway is known for finding companies that are not protecting data of individuals that is if a person's data somehow leaks from a private company that company will be fined enough that they will not be repeating that mistake again then Norway is also known for protecting freedom of speech know that it has been ranked number one in world press freedom index continuously for a period of three years till 2018 similarly there are some provisions why Ireland or France or Portugal or Denmark are called as those countries which have adequate safeguards with respect to protecting privacy against arbitrary data breach however three countries having very weak framework and India features among these countries and also its neighbor China along with Russia the main reason why India could not fare better in this survey is because of absence of a personal data protection legislation to protect its citizens so anyway assume a legislation for personal data protection has to be enacted and a competent authority for data protection has to be appointed so this will ensure right to privacy as a fundamental right to be upheld in letter and spirit of course it will also help the government to strike a balance between right to privacy and national security so these are some of the information with reference to the analysis of this article that appeared in FAQ section this question is with reference to the code on wages 2019 the code seeks to regulate the provisions of minimum wages bonuses and timely payment of wages of which of the following employees unskilled employees semi-skilled employees managers any members of the armed forces of the union now note that the code on wages defines for the provisions under this code employee refers to any person employed on wages who may be a skilled employee or who is employed to do unskilled work manual work operational work supervisory work or managerial work or administrative technical or even clerical work they come under the definition of employee even those persons who work under state government also defined as employee but note that the employee definition according to this code for the provisions under this code does not include any member of armed forces of the union also it does not include an apprentice engaged under the Apprentices Act of 1961 so the correct answer for this question is option b 1 2 and 3 this question is with reference to the wasteland atlas of India 2019 two statements have been given they are asking which of the above statements are incorrect the first statement the total area of wastelands in India has increased in 2015-16 when compared to 2008-9 data they have given exact wrong statement the total area of wastelands in India has decreased in 2015-16 comparing to 2008-9 data so the first statement is incorrect now you can eliminate option b and option d now the second statement it is prepared by the department of land resources in collaboration with the national remote sensing center now this statement is correct it is prepared by department of land resources which comes under ministry of rural development in collaboration with national remote sensing center which comes under department of space second statement is correct answer is asking for which of the statements are incorrect only the first statement is incorrect therefore the correct answer is option a now this question is with reference to the terms spikule and corona the terms spikule and corona recently seen in news are related to which of the following celestial body it's a simple question the answer for this question is option d it is sun and these terms have appeared in newspaper with reference to explaining why in corona that is in the atmosphere of sun has higher temperature compared to the sun's surface the reason told was because of the solar spikules from the sun these solar spikules are like hot springs that emanate from the surface of the sun or act like jets that transfer mass and energy like a channel into the corona so the correct answer for this question is option d now for the given mains practice question you may post your answers in the comment section or you may hand write or you may post the link of the hand written answer sheets after taking a photograph and uploading it to your drive and changing the sharing settings says anyone with the link can view with this we come to the end of today's the hindu news analysis if you like the video click the like button comment share and subscribe to shankaray's academy youtube channel for more updates and content on civil service example preparation


Power, that is the blunt message that is being delivered in crystal clear terms from a fired up Joe Biden to a Fox News reporter who was asking him about the debunked conspiracy theory that is being pushed by the president that involves Biden, Biden's son, and Ukraine. Biden just took the stage moments ago in Iowa. Let's listen. Yeah, that's right, Alex. Earlier today, he did talk to the media about these unfounded claims about him and his son. There is no evidence to these claims, and he had a lot to say about it. Let's take a listen. Mr. Vice President, have you ever spoken to your son about his overseas business dealings? I've never spoken to my son about his overseas business, and so here's what I know. I know Trump deserves to be investigated. He has violated every basic norm of a president. You should be asking him the question. The third problem is that it's not at all clear that getting rid of this prosecutor would have helped Biden at all. Number two. Number two. No one has said my son has done anything wrong, and I did not in any occasion, and no one has ever said it. I didn't say you were doing anything wrong. You said I set up my son to work in an auto company. Didn't I what you said? Get your word straight, Jack.  Do you stand by your statement that you do not discuss any of your son's overseas business? Yes, I stand by that statement. My son's statement speaks for itself. I did my job. I never discussed a single thing with my son about anything having to do with Ukraine. No one has indicated I have. We've always kept everything separate, even when my son was the attorney general of the state of Delaware. We've never discussed anything. So there'd be no potential conflict. Hunter says he and his dad only spoke once about Ukraine. Dad said, I hope you know what you're doing, and I said, I do. It's a fact. You have raised an issue, let's put Vice President Amser. Discredited. There was a report. 183,000 a month with no experience in energy. Look, my son did nothing wrong at the reason that. I think he did. President Amser. He doesn't want to let me answer because he knows I have the truth. Welcome, everyone. I wanted to quickly get this video out because this news is just breaking. Now, we're going to get right to all this breaking news, but first just give me 30 seconds for a quick capitalism break. In this episode's sponsor, Noble Gold. If you worked for a company for years before COVID came around and you were let go, you might have left some treasure behind. Your old 401K or IRA could be worth thousands, and it's still working for your old firm. Not you. So if you're a bit uncertain about what the future holds right now, you should call the team at Noble Gold at 1-877-646-5347. But if that's not incentive enough, with each qualifying IRA, you'll get a solid silver 5-ounce Apollo 11 coin, free. So it's worth jumping on the phone and calling<PHONE_NUMBER> now. That's<PHONE_NUMBER>. Leaked emails seem to prove that Joe Biden was lying when he claimed to have not discussed his son's Ukrainian business dealings. This is not completely new. Joe Biden has denied that for a while and his son actually busted him out on that during an interview where he accidentally admitted that he had spoken to his father about that. It didn't seem to matter much. And then there was actually pictures leaks not long after that that showed Joe Biden and his son and one of these executives. It may have been the same executive. So not only in this case did Joe Biden talk about his son's business dealings with him. No, it went much further than that. He actually met with a top executive. He actually met with this executive. And before that meeting, there was an email exchanges between Hunter Biden and this executive. According to the New York Post, quote, the never before revealed meeting is mentioned in a message of appreciation that an advisor to the board of Barisma allegedly sent Hunter Biden on April 17th, 2015, about a year after Hunter joined the Barisma board at a reported salary of up to $50,000 a month. Now that's one of the things that people saw and kind of raised red flags about this whole thing is why is this guy that has no experience in the energy sector? Why is he getting with this company, this Ukrainian energy company that's paying him so exorbitantly $50,000 a month, a lot of money? Why would they pay him that money? What is he bringing that company? Well, obviously he's the son of the vice president. So one of these emails in question reads quote, Dear Hunter, thank you for inviting me to DC and give me an opportunity to meet your father and spend some good time together. So it gets worse. If you can imagine that an earlier email from May of 2014 shows an email correspondence where this number three executive is actually asking Hunter for advice on how his influence could be used on the company's behalf and in this email, they're actually discussing the fact that the company may be coming under investigation. In this email, the executive says quote, We urgently need your advice on how we could use your influence to convey a message signal to stop what we consider to be politically motivated actions. Hunter responded by asking if there was any more information about these accusations being made against Barisma. So they said they had they're walking out to press conference and I said, no, I said I'm not going to or we're not going to give you the billion dollars. They said, you have no authority. You're not the president. The president said, I said, call him. I said, I'm telling you, you're not getting the billion dollars. I said, you're not getting the billion. I'm going to be leaving here. I think it was about six hours. I looked at it and I said, leave it in six hours. If the prosecutor's not fired, you're not getting the money.  These emails prove that a meeting occurred between the executive and Joe Biden just months before the vice president pressured the Ukrainian president and the prime minister into getting rid of that prosecutor who was investigating his son's company. And we all know how that went with Joe Biden basically threatening to withhold $1 billion of a US loan guarantee during his December trip to Kiev. And in fact, it was actually announced that Hunter had been added to that Ukrainian energy board on the exact same day that he and that executive had that email exchange about possible investigations into the company. Now like I said, Hunter has contradicted his father before on this during other interviews and it didn't really seem to matter. I mean, we even got these pictures of him from 2014 with these Ukrainian energy company executives and his son. The question is, will they be able to ignore this again? I think it's going to be hard. I mean, this is about a smoking gun as you can get. Maybe they'll just claim the emails are fake or something along those lines and we'll get into how these emails were procured. But another reason I don't think they're going to be able to ignore this is another part of this treasure trove leak of these emails are videos of Hunter Biden engaged in, let's say, smoking crack and banging. They might be able to ignore everything else, but the tabloids and the memes and everything else are definitely going to pick up that story. So it's going to be impossible to ignore and people will probably find out about the rest of this in the course of reading about that news. Now get this, all these emails came from a MacBook, a second hand MacBook that had been taken into a computer shop for repair. According to the New York Post, the customer who had brought in the water damaged MacBook Pro for repair never paid for the service or retrieved it or the hard drive. According to the shop owner who said he tried repeatedly to contact the client. Now let me just say from first hand experience I've worked in the IT field for decades and for several years I worked at a little IT shop and the same thing happened there pretty regularly. People would bring in laptops for repair. The repair cost more than the laptop was worth and they would just leave it. Crazy stuff, I cannot wait to see what pans out from all of this, but I would say don't get your hopes up. I mean this could be very damaging to Biden, but no doubt that the media will do its best to control that damage. That's all for this episode. Please hit that like button, share it and subscribe. Thanks for watching. See you next time.


This is Christian Buckley doing another MVP buzz chat with another brand new MVP. Hey, Don, how's it going? It's going great. It's kind of busy right now. Just trying to keep up with everything. Of course. Well, that get used to that. That's it. Well, we work in the modern workplace space, the ecosystem. That's kind of the story now. It's constantly trying to keep up with what's going on.  Sure. I'm Don Kirkham. I currently work for GM Financial, which is the captive financial arm for General Motors is my full-time position. I also have a small consulting company where I do side work and just about everything. I was brought on to GMF to basically lead their Office 365 effort that we were just getting started at that point. So getting everything set up. And then we're just now starting to do the major migrations. And so that's so I kind of my self title is I'm the lead collaboration architect. So we just try and put everything together. But just getting ready. We'll just we need to take a snapshot of your face now, just before the migration start and see. Yeah, fortunately, it looks like we're going to be hired some third parties to try and help us do that. We'll set it all up and they'll kind of take care of the bulk of it. So that that'll be great. I would like that. So having done some migrations in the past, I'll hand off anything anyone wants to take. So well, so we were hanging out last fall and trying to remember the month of it for the North American Collab Summit September September. It's all a blur. So I know that was those that, yes, we did an in-person event. It was a hybrid in that, which was like my first time doing that. And and the online portion of it went really well. I thought so too. But yeah, so it'll be good to see. I know that event is coming back and I'm I'm speaking at it again. So, you know, hopefully we'll see you there. But what are what are your topics? What are your passions right now? So so I'm an MVP in office development and that's a great title for what for what I really love. So I've been doing development since college. I took I was a compside major, but I took a little 20 year break to go do something else in the Air Force, which is flyer planes, which is why you see a lot of plane stuff and but came back into the IT world and have just really been concentrating on the SharePoint Azure development experience, especially for new developers, just trying to get people excited about it. You know, it's the model has changed again. I think this model is going to stick around for a while. But just trying to it's it's different. It's completely different than all the previous models we've used. So just get them excited about doing that. So I have to put my fake journalist hat on here and say, OK, so Don, tell me, how has it changed in what way? Why don't you expand on that? Sure. Well, I mean, when I started doing SharePoint two thousand and six years or so somewhere around there. So Moss 2007 was just coming out at that point. And so most of your SharePoint development was all done by putting code compiled code into the server. And so you were running your code on the SharePoint servers. Well, once we started moving to the online model, that doesn't work. Microsoft certainly not going to let us put our code on their servers. So we've changed from this code on the server model to this completely disconnected model where you build everything in the client, whether that's, you know, a blazer app or a web app or SharePoint, and then you connect to SharePoint using the APIs and the APIs have really gotten good. The rest APIs and there's the Azure API, there's a lot of different APIs you can go through the graph is is is really awesome right now. And and then you just interact with SharePoint that way. So if you need to push that and you pull data permissions, whatever you need to do, it's all done remotely. And it keeps us from messing up too much. What's going on in the Microsoft cloud? It is interesting. You look at the evolution of that. I mean, that it came with 2010 with sandbox solutions. It was like really moving this direction.  I'm thinking like people like Jeremy fake that really help the development of the APIs and improve the development experience, certainly within SharePoint. Absolutely. And so so. But the but the change that the tool chain to do development, SharePoint framework development specifically is completely different. And it's kind of foreign to anyone who's been like a dot net developer for most of their career. And so so I love just just bringing people on showing them that even though it looks really complex, it's really not. It's a lot of the complexity is built around the tool chain, just how to run the tools. But the code itself is actually pretty simple. It deploys pretty simply. And, you know, you can get up and spinning in an hour easily. Yeah. Well, I know that. So you're very involved in the whole the PNP community. Absolutely. Absolutely. I absolutely love PNP. So a KMS slash M 365 PNP for anyone who's looking for a place to go. That's a great place to start for anyone that's looking, especially in the desk space. But there's there's more than just developers over there. They're the power platform is obviously growing very much. There's a whole thing about search. The Microsoft 365 CLI that's that's come out.  Now they've got you can run it on Linux or something. But the CLI was basically written to be run on any operating system and do kind of the same things you can do in PowerShell. So all of that is over there. They've got teams that are working on it. There's a team called sharing is caring, which is all about getting started, which, again, that's my passion. And so I'm really hoping to be able to participate more with them and and then just whatever other teams that I can I can kind of plug into and show that. But if anyone's not familiar with that patterns and practices, PNP is it's it's managed by Microsoft, but it's basically some Microsoft employees and a bunch of MVPs and then anybody else in the community that wants to join in all together working on this open source code to make make things better. I think so I see like like all the like they take the group photo kind of every every time they get together. And the most recent one, I think, you know, and Vesa sent it out. And I think he said it was something like three hundred and thirty people or something like that were participating just in that call. Right. They have different calls. There's multiple calls a week. They're talking about simplifying that into maybe just two types of calls every week. And but yeah, I always do the group picture and only the first 50 people in there. So you got to be really quick to get your camera on if you want to be in the picture. But you just made a great point of what we were talking about before and before we got started talking about like keeping up with things. And Microsoft, you know, and obviously the level of interest increases. It's difficult to participate in a community call of that size and and have people raising hands, asking questions. The the it's a full time job following along the chat that's happening on the side. Absolutely. You know, with all that going on into one of the the difficulties and even for my role. So I'm not a developer. I haven't participated in the PNP, although I need to because for the for the reason that there are then things that are discussed and opportunities for partners than what I'm focused on. For developers, for non developers, you hear about the things through these these channels, through these sessions. And then suddenly there will be a new group over here that's focused on this other thing. And if you weren't on that PNP call, you'd be like, hey, what is that thing? How did I not hear about this? It's so easy to get to to miss some of that activity. What's nice is that they're all recorded and so you can go back and watch them because, you know, a lot of times I just don't have time to go do it live. And so I have to go back and record them or watch the recordings. But but they're always good. And like you're saying, there's a lot of developer stuff. But there's a specific meaning. And again, if they change these, I don't know what is going to end up being title, but what vessel was talking about this morning was one of the meetings per week would be not necessarily PNP developer, JavaScript developer, that kind of focus. It would be more, I think, Microsoft people presenting things like we just had a presentation last week on the new Viva, you know, and Naomi Moneypenny came in and showed us a whole bunch of stuff. So we get a fair amount of demos. Yeah, that was the one that I saw that like, dang it, you know. Yeah, go back and watch it because it was really good. But you get a lot of the Microsoft people coming in and demo and things that are that are newly released and trying to explain that kind of stuff. So it's not all all dev stuff. But if you go to that PNP link, then you know, you can filter through and find the stuff that's that would be applicable for you. We'll have to definitely in the blog post include link out to what would you say? So somebody that's brand new to this, you said that there there are resources specifically for people that are new. You can you can do the aka.ms slash sharing dash is dash caring. But if you just go to the M365 PNP link, the aka link, all of that's on there, all the sharing you carry. And you can get to everything else from that one link. I'll do the hard work and go and find the links and put it in the blog post, but yeah, because that's always great.  And so it's to go and pick it up to have those that list of the various resources that you can then share out with others in your organization as well. Obviously, that is very helpful. So well, that's that's cool stuff. Well, so what's your what's your session going to be on? Are you have multiple sessions for the Collab Summit? I know it's still way, but yeah. Yeah, I'm going to do the all day workshop, probably with some help from Rob Windsor on on SharePoint Development, SharePoint Framework Development, where we go from and it's someone it's similar to what I did last year.  And then as the day goes on, we get more and more involved in the different pieces on how to talk to SharePoint or how to talk to a non Microsoft API or, you know, different things like that. So it's a full day workshop. And then I've got two other workshops. One is kind of the first hour of or not a workshop session. Once kind of the first hour of the workshop, which is kind of the same thing, how to get your development environment set up. And then I've got another session. I'm trying to which one he picked. I have a session on code spaces, which that's kind of the new thing in SharePoint Development there in any kind of development is being able to develop on a machine that's not necessarily a machine, because it's really hard to keep your machine. Configured correctly, even with the SharePoint framework, there's multiple versions of no depending on what version of the framework you're using. And there's all these dependencies. So being able to spin up in Docker desktop Docker or in code spaces, which is in the cloud, a virtual machine that has all the tools loaded for you. And so within, you know, you just pointed to repo and within about two minutes, you're ready to rock and roll and start working with that repo. You have content on that stuff that's out there now.  But do you have content like that out there now? I'm trying to remember what blog posts I've done. I do have a blog post on visual studio code spaces, which was the first version of code spaces. That's been deprecated. And now it's moved over to GitHub and I'm working on a blog post on that. It's very similar. Some things I like about it, some things I think we lost when we lost Visual Studio. But and then I have several blog posts on my on my blog that are around that beginning developer experience and how to set up your toolkit and stuff like that. Well, now that you've achieved this, this major achievement within your career of becoming an MVP. And again, congratulations on that. It's always exciting when people that I know friends from the community get you earn their MVP and we can have a whole other conversation on like that, that process, the path into that. Well, why won't you? What was your path? What would you say? What was your recommendation? So I'm sure that when you become a new MVP and then people come out of the woodwork asking like, what did you do? What do you recommend? I've been thinking about this for a while. So kind of what was your pathway? Well, so I got involved with my first MVP's I met again after I retired from the military and went into it. Within a couple of years, I got introduced to SharePoint. And so I went to some SharePoint training. And from there I learned about community. I learned about user groups. And so I started going to the local user group where I met my first MVP's, you know, Eric Schupps was probably the first one I met, you know. And so over the years, you know, working with them through the user group and getting to be friends with them. Honestly, you know, it's something I determined pretty early that it's like, wow, that'd be great. I'd love to be, you know, a member of that. But what I saw was people that were one, they were technical experts in their field. And then two, they had this passion for, for sharing that with other people. And it's something that I've always had even in my military career, I was an instructor for most of it. And so I love teaching. I love sharing what I know, even though sometimes I feel like I'm way behind other people. But still, you know, somebody can always learn from, from your experiences. So I started doing that. And then probably around 2012, 2013, I kind of started wanting to speak. And so I started speaking to some, you know, like user groups or some small conferences, and then just kind of working my way up from there and doing more and more community stuff, starting my blog. The PNP program has been a huge part because I've been able to contribute to that, both sample projects and, you know, be involved with some of that. So that was nice bullets on my MVP application is part of the community effort there. And so, yeah. So it's been almost 15 years of doing this. And I know a lot of people do it a lot less. But, you know, actually, you know, with Eric as an advisor, he was always like, yeah, you just need to do a little more. You need to do a little more. So he's always pushing me to do more in the community and to share more. Yeah. So. Well, that's, I think that's a consistent trait of MVPs is that you find the vast majority. Like we'd still be doing what we're doing even without the, you know, the MVP title to it. But it really comes down to, I know one of the, one of the more difficult things for people that are thinking about it and saying, well, look, I'm not that kind of expert. I've not written a book.  I, I provide some trading and guidance. I'm part of my local user group. But what, like, what can I go and present on? And, and I always guide my, my recommendation is like, well, write about what you know. It doesn't mean you're like the expert on that, all things around that, but share. Here's how I, here's the business problem. Here's the solution that I went and built. And a lot of times, if nothing more to get dialogue, somebody get, you know, MVPs like yourself could reach out and say, Hey, did you take a look at this, you can actually improve on this, improve your solution. But being that kind of, that interactive being open accessible and sharing of the problems that you're solving, ask the questions and leave them hanging out there for the community. I don't know the answer to this one. I've researched on there. If you know, let me know, what have you done to solve this? How would you have approached this? And, but that raises the visibility of that, the, the activity. And so, right, there, there are a lot of I mean, I say, I started, I started a blog. One, I wanted to, because I, you know, I know as part of, you know, something that I knew the MP program looked at, but I'm not right on anything I'm an expert on. I'm just writing basically down things. So I remember them and that's so many people I know of it are like, no, I just blog about stuff. So when I come on about this another two years from now, I go, Oh, wait a minute. I think I did a blog on that. I can go back and figure out how I solved it last time. And so it just kind of, so most of my blog posts are really kind of what problem did I solve this week? You know, and how do they do it? Well, I saw I'm a big believer in the whole the working out loud model.  I mean, reality is that in the Microsoft ecosystem, we're all using teams for the most part. So teams and SharePoint that are kind of our, you know, bread and butter platforms around that that we're used to doing that. But that's how you that that's collaborating with other people. I mean, that's how you refine and optimize and learn, learn from mistakes or build on something that was done really well and become even better or just get the confirmation that you didn't screw something up, you know, sometimes, but just sharing that out there. And even if you make mistakes and in how you solve the problem to find out more and learn from that. And that helps other people. It helps them to, I know it's kind of a service minded, you know, people I honestly went sometimes where I don't feel, you know, good, but like I've not felt productive today. If I can go and do service for somebody, I mean, I feel fantastic. And a lot of what we do in community is just that. You know, go and find opportunities to provide service for other people. I don't have to get value for me personally out of something for me to to help others. I don't that doesn't have to be a two way every time. But, you know, you can't help, but you benefit personally just from helping others solve those problems. So absolutely. And I that was one of the things that when I did the application of the MEP that kind of shocked me, there's there's a question on there that effectively is OK. So great, you're technical, you share your technical expertise, whatever. What do you give to the rest of your community? So you're non technical community.  And and so it kind of drives home the fact that Microsoft is interested in those things and they want their people to be those kinds of people, not just, you know, you know, the technical whizzes, you know, to beat the PNP drum that sharing is caring section. There's there's they've started things like the buddy program. So if if you're kind of struggling with something, you know, we can pair you up with someone, either one of us or someone else that wants to do this and work through their code problems or today on the meeting, the three demos that were presented were all by first time presenters.  We'll you know, we'll help you with that. In fact, today, one of them was a buddy. So David Warner, who's in charge of the sharing is caring program. He co-presented with the developer that was presenting her solution to just help her through that. And it went really, really well. And so that's awesome. What great stuff it's, you know, you could tell a lot about having put on a number of dozens of SharePoint Saturday events all across the Western U.S. and and spoken events around the world. One of the things for me, especially for somebody that are that are new speakers or that that come saying, hey, I'm really interested in becoming an MVP. I almost kind of, you know, like observe them participating in an event like that. And are they do they go and do their session and then they go back to their room and they're hiding out for and I understand if they're not hiding out, but they're going back because they've got work calls or they're working on finishing the demo for their next session later that afternoon, like that. But the people that go and and don't participate in the, you know, you go to an event, especially when you're out of state or out of your city and go to event and then don't participate in the community activities around that. And I'll be honest, I mean, you're less likely if I'm organizing that event to be invited back for that, because we want people that will are fully engaged. Then there's like the collab summit last year, where I'm just like, man, can't get rid of this Don guy. He's just hanging around the conversation. It's like, it's like, one of these things I need to go to sleep, you know, so. Yeah, absolutely. And I think what you find out in SharePoint Saturdays are awesome. I know they've conned down a lot on there's not doing near as many of them here, at least in the states, but the pandemic is kind of put the squash on some of that. But yeah, but yeah, but even the virtual ones, but those are those are great places to get started, because it's it's mostly local people. It's usually they're usually small. Some of them are pretty big, but if so, if you want to get your feet wet and kind of do that, and what what you find in that is that how welcoming the committed the community is not only the people you're presenting to, but your fellow speakers and the organizers and stuff. And and like I said, you got these opportunities to just hang out and afterwards and learn about each other. And, you know, all that just leads to more opportunities, you know, and that's honestly that's my biggest excitement about the MVP program is that I know there will be more opportunities for you.  It's kind of a it's a challenge to get into. It can be so many. They have so many of those that are presenting. It's like, so if you're the if you're the person picking the content going, I can have this MVP that spoke it, you know, he I know what a great expert he is in this technical field. I'm going to select him. I just am, you know. So so I'm excited about, you know, more opportunities, especially speaking opportunities conferences, you know, is hopefully in the latter half of this year, we start to see more in person stuff. We'll see. Well, that's great for people to the two other places to go and look at people that are watching that are interested in doing more. And I apologize if you hear my little dog barking out in the background. Welcome to the new way of working from home. But so one is like just go out on meetup. And so a lot of you'll look for user groups and other stuff and and, you know, apply, you know, to submit, have some abstracts on hand for things that you're comfortable about talking about and goes and submit that. So I've got titles with, you know, two or three sentences, just a short, very short abstract of what it is, kind of the target user, I.T. Pro and user, whatever that is, and like level 100, 200, 300, 400 level, depending on the technical content. And then, you know, I'll go and I'll submit those, you know, once in a while to those different events.  The other place to go and look is like in Facebook, where there's a ton of still the communities around there is actually a call for speakers group or a community out there for the the the ecosystem. I don't know. Don, you're aware of that. I didn't know that. No, I didn't. So that's all that you can only in the they it's tightly controlled of what is posted in the format of those postings. It's all call for speakers for now almost everything is, you know, online only events on a variety of topics from around the ecosystem. So you see that kind of stuff and you might end up speaking at I've done, you know, where I'm speaking late at night or early, early in the morning in India or in New Zealand or, you know, whatever so you can find opportunities that way as well. So there's a lot of ops out there with a little bit of footwork to get yourself kind of together, not be afraid to talk. It could be very granular, like when you talked about those beginning topics, like how I solve this problem in this industry and it could be very specific. Around that very, you know, demo reliant. Here's what I built. Here's how I went about it. Here's the results of that and then open it up for, you know, Q&A. That's a great model. That's a, you know, it is in those again, kind of like the SharePoint Saturdays, a lot of them tend to be rather rather small. The first meetup I spoke at was the leads power platform group over in the UK. And I met one of the organizers of that group at Ignite, the last in person Ignite. And we got to talk and everything. He's like, well, we run this group, you know, we'll chat. And so he called me back and says, what do you want to talk on? And so I think I did code spaces, but it was probably 10 people that were in the meetup that day. And including a couple of MVPs, which initially made me a little nervous because I knew these MVPs. And I was like, well, hope I get this right. But they were, they were awesome. They were like, that's amazing. We haven't seen this yet. This is, you know, this is back when Visual Studio code spaces was still pretty new. And it's led to me, you know, keeping in touch with them too. So meetups are awesome because again, they're, everybody's just welcoming. And people, if you're scared because you think you're going to be chastised, that's just happens on Facebook. I have heard, you know, I mean, it's when I, when I started speaking within the SharePoint community. So like the end of 2009, early 2010 is really when I kind of hit my start. I got my MVP award in January of 2012. So I'm coming up on my 10 year now. And I heard, you know, horror stories of people like calling out, you know, during presentations and stuff. And the only time I've ever had something even close to that, and that's not what it was, it was actually Richard Harbridge. So if you know those that know Richard, you know, and very smart guy and very no filters to like ask questions and that kind of stuff. And so he wasn't trying to be, you know, a troll in the session. You know, he was just asking other questions and it ended up we became friends. It was great questions and actually went back and modified my presentation based to cover the questions that he had raised. I'm like, so I really appreciated it. But that's where that's where you also like make the connections. And with those other MVPs, that also helps when eventually you get recommended because one of the things that happens is that the MVP leads at Microsoft, they'll reach out to the community is like, does anybody know this Don guy? It's like, oh, yeah. Yeah, no, he's great. No. Don, hey, really appreciate your time today. People want to find out more about you and follow you. Like what are the best ways to reach you? Sure, you can find me on most of the social media Facebook. I kind of keep personal but Twitter, you know, it's just Don Kirkland.  So it's just it's just Don Kirkland, you know.  And so they're LinkedIn. LinkedIn is another great place. I monitor that. I've gotten a lot of the LinkedIn thing has just blown up since the first of March when I put a little thing on there about getting MVP. So that's awesome. So that's been great. So those are probably the primaries. He can just email me. It's just Don Kirkland live dot com. If you go to my blog post, all that social stuff, all the all the connection stuff is there. So what about your phone number and home address? Do we put those out? I think that's out there somewhere in Texas. I mean, Texas, you can find me down here in Texas. So it's a small place. Well, hey, Don, really appreciate your time today. It's great to connect. And we'll we'll definitely you see at the CLABS summit. But maybe before then, probably not. I think that's going to be like my first in person. Like the first one, I think that's that I've got on my schedule. That's going to be an in person thing. Yeah. So well, cool, very cool. Well, it's great talking to you. Great talking to you, Christian. Take care.