Obviously, we're all here, we all love technology, we all love doing things very kind of, well, not always removed from nature, but I think we tend to forget just how much experience nature has. In fact, 3.8 billion years of kind of research and development when it comes to being sustainable, when it comes to being resilient, when it comes to actually withstanding a hell of a lot of stuff. And then sometimes we kind of, you know, we are humans, we have a little bit of a touch of arrogance that we go, actually, we know better than that, right? Or maybe we don't. So biomimicry for everybody who is just getting familiar with the concept or is hearing about it for the first time, I'm sure there's a lot of people who are already really, really into it, like myself, is the simulation of the models, systems and elements of nature and how we may apply them to solving complex human problems. Because let's remember we are also part of nature and part of the ecosystem that is the broader, broader ecosystem, not the ethereum one, which is also part of the ecosystem. So then by proxy, just to kind of land this parallel with biomimicry in DAOs is what are DAOs?  And there's a big, big correlation between them, because this is a network and it does interact with each other with the different nodes that are part of it and it functions because of that. So complex flow networks, they exist everywhere, right, from the small to the broad in biology. And we know this because we keep looking at things like mycelial networks and all of that, but really they're everywhere, right, in every kind of ecosystem, big and small. And so from in these networks, these connections between those nodes, between the components and the interactions in the activities and states is what makes them function or not. And so similar to DAOs, these interactions between cells, organisms emerge from a predefined set of rules, right? And we saw earlier DAOs, they are kind of connected because created upon a set of rules. And then the decentralized process of self-organization, because really there is no one unique cell that overrules them all, right? So that is in itself, decentralization. It's that interaction and those activities between those nodes and between those components that actually makes the system work. And so here, what we're really looking at in this kind of conversation of where biomimicry and DAOs might intersect, might benefit, DAOs from biomimicry is what complex flow networks feature that we can mimic and then how can we be great nodes in that network, right? So you have the individual and you have the collective, always, they cannot be without each other because nature, as we've seen 3.8 billion years, kind of makes that clear. So the bio network mimicry, we have these clusters, so nodes existing clusters, and it's all about that inter cluster and cross cluster communication. And as we know again from DAOs, we definitely have to get that right because we're definitely in the process and yesterday we were talking about this as shelling point in panels. There's definitely work, a lot of work to be done there, right? And it's fine, we're in the process of hopefully getting it right. Plasticity, this is very, very important. Parts of the network react faster than others and that is okay. You do not have to have the same speed of reaction, the same speed of interaction between all of them. And wanting to do that is just going to set you up for failure, but just like it's going to be hard. Let's make things less hard for ourselves. And then feedback loops. So any deviation in balance in an ecosystem will be corrected by this feedback loop because it will always create this balance of the opposite response to get it back on track. So that's the bio network. Then the node mimicry, uniqueness, diversity, breeds, strength and resilience always remember that let's stop homogenizing everything. And this is something that drives me crazy is that we keep wanting at the level that we're in now where we have done a lot of work and we've kind of made a lot of successful strides in our mission to make this reality. We get to this point where we want to get the corporate model and let's make it all fit in a tiny little box. Let's stop doing that. That's not good. Coordination is everything. Connecting and collaborating with other nodes is key. Again, in my mind, authentic self-interest is increasing connection, not competition. Coordination everything. And then balance. The strong and weak connections. Again, it is okay that some nodes aren't as strongly connected to others. And that's fine. And making sure that we essentially enable the environment for that to be true is very, very important for us to have a healthy network, a healthy ecosystem because balance is not a static condition. So getting to this point where, as we've seen, keeping everything in, let's say not in line, but keeping everything within a good rapport with the other means this. It is a constant dynamic state made of adjustments. We again, in the Dow space, it's okay to change things as we notice that things are not necessarily working or are not necessarily getting us to where we need to be. We need to be in that motion. We need to be in that engaged equilibrium to be very aware of what we're doing and what we're kind of balancing out. And again, speaking of balance and bringing it back to nature. This is what nature does naturally. It has this window of optimum viability that exists in the middle of diversity, aka resilience, interconnectivity and deficiency. It's in the middle that the sweet spot is. That's where it lies. Excess resilience, of course, gives us stagnation. Think of a forest where there's too much, nothing more can grow. But efficiency, extreme efficiency leads to collapse. You're making things brittle when you make it too efficient.  You set a match. It will probably not advance as far, right? Why? Because there's diversity. There's tall and short and this and that and a variety of species. What we do when we get to the diversity and all of that, we go straight to efficiency. Completely bypassing the middle, completely bypassing the balance. Think austerity. That's what that is. We have a crash. We have like some sort of unstable situation.  We need to streamline this immediately because, you know, that's what we've always done. Well, that is unnatural. This is the sweet spot that window of optimum viability is in the middle. So then what can we do with this dynamic of, okay, nature is like that. We're trying to build these things that are essentially hopefully going to replace a lot of what we have now and hopefully get us into a better place. We have to emulate, get that ethos of balance and of diversity and efficiency sweet spot in the middle and then reconnect. And the emphasis again is on learning and emulating these regenerative solutions and hopefully translating them into this new economic system that we're trying to build. Because without it and without first unlearning actually, learning, yes, but we first need to unlearn everything that we've kind of had drummed into us for so long that it has to be that way and it has to be this way and it has to be efficient and it has to cut out this and cut out that and cut out diversity and everything is homogenized. We have to unlearn that and look into again what is always around us and what is always out there, which is the balance, which is the fact that diversity and uniqueness and collaboration and coordination are the things that make it run. And we talk about sustainability so much yet again, it's never going to work. It's never going to work unless we understand that the way things are built is unnatural right now. And we can do like, can have all sorts of targets and whatever, it is not going to happen. And it starts with the monetary system, but you know, we're talking about that. And then what I suggest that we take and learn and bring into the Dow ecosystem, into our crypto complex flow networks are patterns, behaviors and habits. This is one of the things and it's, it's my view. It doesn't mean that it's right, but I think creating patterns, behaviors and habits will help us have a baseline, almost like a skeleton, almost like the flow of veins that we have in our bodies, right? Have that baseline that we can build upon that and we can add flesh to it and we can like move, add movement and add different environments or behave and adapt to different environments. But I believe that this we should maybe have this baseline skeleton because then what happens is we can start looking at things, not from a perspective of let's, how can we make this as efficient as possible, but rather how can we make this move and exist in the healthiest way for the organism and what role does each node part play in its well being because, and this is Jeanine Benia, she, you know, she's the mother of biomimicry. When we look at truly sustainable models, the only one that has worked for so long is the natural world. And I think, again, it's so easy to get carried away because we're constantly in this flow of more what we can do, what can we do with more tooling? Yes, let's put more tooling in, let's do this, let's do this. But why don't we just look and understand how maybe the information should flow? Who should it touch? How should people interact with each other? How should different clusters, work streams, whatever we want to call them? How should they interact with each other? Should they have weak or strong connections? Is it okay that that one doesn't interact with the other and stop and move away from this pattern that has gotten us so used to and it is the corporate model that everything has to run exactly the same. Everybody has to behave exactly the same. It is not a reality and it's not a natural state. And that's the thing that maybe we can take pause, and I always say this and I said it yesterday at Schelling Point, that intention and setting that intention and figuring out how we approach this, not from a streamlined efficiency, let's replicate the old stuff, not fall into too much diversity because we saw that that causes stagnation. Here is the optimum window of viability when we talk about DAOs and what we're building. And this doesn't just apply to DAOs. It applies to the monetary system. It applies to everything or what we're proposing with replacing the current monetary model. I can just pause and looking at what has worked and looking at what we can do is important in my view. You may not agree, but maybe you do. That's it. So I spoke really fast. I've got like 10 minutes to go, so if there are questions, let me know. Yes. So I think, I mean, it's great. So I think that mindfulness and being mindful, I think that's where it all starts. And I think, again, one of the, well, I already started telling you guys what annoys me. So let's continue. So one of the things that essentially irks me about a lot of people coming into this ecosystem now, and we've seen this before during bull markets, this, what happens is that people come in without a sense of humility approaching something new. And I remember when I got, and when I got started, what is it now, five years, whatever, long ago, I was so in awe of what the potential of this was that I wanted to be very mindful in doing anything, putting anything out there or using this technology to do something meaningful and impactful and moving things towards something that is better health for the ecosystem and for the world. My intention was always, how can this make things better? And I think that intention is really, really important because that will define what you're aiming for, what your project is aiming for, how you influence it, because, again, the agency with great response, whatever, with great power comes great responsibility. And that is true. The agency that we all have and the power that we all have, that is very, very powerful. And having the right intention, make sure that the communication is better. Make sure that you understand that that should not necessarily move like this or should not necessarily be based on patterns that existed before, but rather on patterns that will make it better and keeping yourself in check on that all the time.  That's an exercise and it's important and it's good to do that again, in my view. Any other questions? So I have a yoga DAO and I have the vision of creating a wellness metaverse so we can have a global yoga studio for yoga and meditation teachers onboarding the yoga community is not easy under the umbrella of pushing them into a Web3 space because they are reasonably tech resistant. Any suggestions? So this is comfortable actually. So, um, we can sit in meditation seats. So it's tough and, and I understand it and I get it. But then again, I think it's so based on what we've been used to and the patterns of behaviors that we've almost been accustomed to because of the way it's been, right? And we also have, okay, let me, let me start with a much more philosophical tidbit. Um, any change involves loss. People aren't afraid of change. They're afraid of loss and going from what you're used to, to something new involves you letting go of what was and that in itself, and that will vary wild, wildly and widely between people, right? And different people looking at things from different ways. Um, you saying that reminds me of, um, one of my favorite projects. And I remember it so well and I miss it. Um, we did a cleanup in the Philippines at the end of 2018 and we onboarded a group of fishermen, fishermen in Manila Bay on to mobile wallets at the end of 2018. And it was weird and it was hard and it was an interesting feat in educating from a baseline of we earn money this way, but we could earn it like this and tap into a whole new pool of resource, but we're a community that has done this for generations. And now you're suggesting that we do this from a completely, in a completely different way, from a completely different angle. But guess what? Some of those guys ended up doing other tasks and earning more crypto once they were onboarded. It all just takes a little nudge and actually the super simple, um, solution for you is learning by doing is the best way. Give them something, give them something to do and show them how much more it could do. Easiest thing proof constant show and tell the wisdom is so simple. Anyway, um, but yeah, give them something to do and show them, figure out something very easy that they can do and then, you know, maybe they'll hate it, but you'll know. Yeah. Anybody else? Yes. Uh, so you've been talking a lot about information and communication. Um, and a lot of the information for sustainability in nature is like sunlight and environmental, like are the predators around? So what does that type of information look like for DAOs and how do we communicate it? Are you asking me who the sunshine in DAOs is? You're looking at it. Um, so I think, but that's again, something that you just map out, right? And it's okay that we don't know yet. I think to figure out how things flow and again, how, how things interact with each other is the mapping process. Right now we're at a stage where it's almost like we're defining and we're finding out what those things are. And we're understanding what the relationships are because actually identifying what the elements are is always and most importantly followed by what the flow, what the interactions are between them. Because like, if you think of a lab and you do a culture of something, right, you want to grow some sort of bacteria or whatever it is that you want to grow, you have to create an environment for it. You have to create a soup of things for it to grow. Now, if it doesn't grow, it means that you messed up the soup. The ingredients aren't in the right, uh, quantities. They do not interact well with each other and they affect the organism and they make it grow, misshapen or kill it. Identifying what the balance is of that soup is what we need. And this is what we all need to figure out what that is. What's the quantity of this? What's the quantity of that? How does that interact with that? Will they have like an explosive reaction or will they compliment each other? And that, honestly, that analogy of the lab is your, the easiest thing to kind of wrap around and analogies are the best way to navigate all of this.  But it's that it's what are the ingredients and how they interact with each other. Is it going to be explosive and destructive or is it going to be nurturing and productive? Again, in my opinion, yes. Um, so you gave the example of like my serial networks and, um, I think the closest parallel that we've created to that, I think is like the internet. Um, and if you look at my Celia men, what kind of things it does in nature. Um, the three main things, like one is like, uh, information communications, like sending signals, like stress signals between organisms and stuff, like they get sent along. These are my serial networks. Uh, and we kind of got that with the internet, you know, being this like global information network. Um, the second purpose is like distributing like resources or like, you know, carbon. So trees, a lot of the energy they get from photosynthesis actually goes back through the my steel networks to other organisms in exchange for something else. So there's like a value exchange network, um, through this my steel network, and then we got that with the Ethereum. Um, you know, now we can have a global network of value exchange. The third thing that my steel networks do that we haven't really like figured out or it hasn't like manifested in any way is like decomposition. My steel networks are the way in which like things that die, get decomposed and the nutrients of those things get like redeployed back into the system. Um, and that process is how nature is kind of like iterated and evolved and improved and how, you know, there's no concept of waste in nature. Waste is like a human invention. Um, you know, everything in nature kind of decomposes and gets recycled and reused. So I'm wondering, do you have any like ideas or thoughts on like what that could look like in Dows and, you know, which bed, the decomposition? Yeah, like decomposition. Like if we did information distribution with internet and value distribution with Ethereum, what's the next thing that gets such a decomposition? I'll try to give this brief because I have like 30 seconds, 39, 29. No, um, so I'll just count it down and not say anything, but I think the easiest thing there is things don't make it. They just don't, not, not everything. Like it's in such a natural flow that some things will die and most things will die, but what do you get the nutrient, the learning that can be the nutrient that you take out of it. And then in a new organism, you apply that and you make it better and you make it more resilient. And that's the evolution of it, right? Because it learns what it's adapting to and what it does and how it then uses it to thrive. And what killed that other organism may make this one thrive because you're applying it in a different way. And maybe you were just changing one small thing and it makes it like that soup in the lab. You change one tiny thing and maybe then the organism thrives. And the other thing that I was going to say about the internet and I know that I'm over time is right now what we have with the, with the internet is that it is not intentional. People have to participate in it, right? They have to in the beginning, people wanted to, now you have to. And what that does is it removes responsibility from the equation. And I was just watching the Snowden keynote at the ZK house. He said this, if you're in a mall, you don't really care about cleaning up after yourself. You don't have that instinct of responsibility because you're there because you have to like shop for something or whatever.  The agency and bringing back the agency to the people who make up the network who are the nodes, maybe that's what helps also in the organism thriving. So yeah, that's it. Thanks everyone. Thank you so much, Simona. For sure there's a lot of stuff to figure out about human coordination, but thank you. I really like your point of view. Thank you so much. So in a couple of minutes, we are going to talk about the future of web three UX, so see you in four minutes. Thank you.


From the CUBE Studios in Palo Alto in Boston, connecting with thought leaders all around the world, this is a CUBE Conversation. Hello everyone, welcome to this CUBE Conversation here in the CUBE Studios in Palo Alto. We're here for a remote interview. We're continuing with the COVID coverage, the quarantine crew, I'm John Furrier, host of theCUBE. Got a great guest, Crystal B. Montt, the CEO of Talon. Just joined the, come in the middle of the pandemic. Crystal, thanks for joining us and nice seeing you. It's a pleasure to be here. Thank you for having me. Well, I think it's a really great conversation to have. A couple of threads that are interesting to me. One is Talon's a company we've been covering for a long time. Obviously their position in the marketplace, we've been following their trajectory. You're new to the company, but you joined right in the middle of as COVID was going down and we're still in this mode and it looks like it's going to be for some time. I'd love to get your thoughts as we're in this mode. First, what attracted you to Talon? You're new and what's it been like there since you've been there?  So you must be doing a lot of remote interviews than remote conversations. Well, you're right about that. I had a very short window that I could get out on the road and I'm so grateful that I did because visiting our offices, our customers and our partners is critical to, you know, really surrounding ourselves with amazing people that we have at Talon. But you know, I'll just go back to why I joined Talon and it really goes to the customers. Our customer stories just captured my attention right away. The way that Talon shows up to drive outcomes for customers that are tangible, that are quantifiable and that are game changing was something that interested me. And it really is that at the heart of every conversation is data. So it was a simple decision for me to say those are the types of things I want to be involved in. And so Talon was definitely something that became very attractive. It's interesting. We've watched the progression of the big data market in now 10 years in and the explosion of cloud. Obviously everyone's talking about data as a key ingredient for application development. And you're still seeing kind of the challenges of how do you manage the data? And then how do you put that into action for insights? Because now you have these connected experiences and even more highlighted with the COVID pandemic. You still got to run the business. You still need the data, the workforce is remote. The future of work, workforce, workplace, workloads and workflows all have data. This is a real challenge with now the connected experience being the number one problem and making that good and making that valuable. What's your take on that? That's right. I couldn't agree more. We talk a lot about digital transformation for years, quite frankly. And I would say, we've been in a digital transformation evolution. And I think what has happened now is COVID is an accelerant and it's a, now it's a digital revolution. And at the heart or maybe the cornerstone if you will of any digital transformation is data transformation. You think about digital transformation is about mindset. It's about changing the entire way that you operate as a company. It's not just about systems and technology. That's a really critical part. But everything that fuels the ability to get outcomes out of a digital transformation is data. And so the ability to leverage, like you said, there's connected data. There's more data than we've ever had. And that's a massive opportunity. But having a lot of data is not always the answer. Sometimes that becomes a big responsibility with regulations and also something that if not carefully governed, not really something you can leverage properly to run your business. So data is at the heart of all the things going on at this moment. It's interesting too. You know, a lot of the main trends outside of kind of the inside the industry discussions around data and the role of data. The consumer side of it is seeing it with fake news. You're seeing it with the data around COVID. Anyone can make data tell a story. And there's always, you know, causation versus correlation that discussion. But when you start thinking of people being exposed to the data problems, there's an opportunity in there. And one of the big things is trust. What data can I trust? What's authentic? And then how do I make sure that it's not just supporting a story. There's all kinds of things going on around it. It makes it seem like a broader challenge. Trust seems to be at the heart of it. What do you trust? Who's the source? It's just all life now is data infiltrated all of our lives. It's certainly now exposed. You couldn't be more right on that one. And you can see it play out in the media. You can see it play out again, this accelerating set of circumstances that are playing out every single day as people are staying so closely, you know, watchful of data informing decisions that everyone's making around the world in a lot of different ways. And you've seen a lot of times where there's a question about the quality of the data, the accuracy of the data, who's providing the data. And, you know, that's the environment that talent, you know, really supports and lives in, you know, even prior to COVID, but it just underscores the importance of not just having a complete set of data. And I would say even taking it further than just having what we would traditionally call quality of data and really taking it down to something you used a really important word is trust. How can you make sure that the data that you're making decisions on is something you can trust? And when it comes to health and wellbeing, that's certainly something that you can't afford not to have. And it's an area that is underserved right now that we've spent a lot of time thinking about and how we're starting to show up to provide those solutions to our customers. I want to get into the customer conversations. I think there's a lot of use cases I want to unpack with you, but I want to first get your vision on how you guys see the future. What is the vision of talent? How do you see it? What's the plan? What's the big story there? You know, there's a couple of things. I look at this and say right now in the industry and in our customers, which we cover all different segments, all different sizes of customers all around the globe, they have a variety of use cases, if you will, a variety of needs, everything from the most simple ingestion to some of the more complex transformation and governance projects that they're running. And first and foremost, we show up uniquely as a platform, a platform that allows people to activate and utilize different parts of our services that we can provide to an entire organization. And that's something that is really important to us. And we also look at how do we make the process in which they're using talent and the skills that are required really push the envelope on making those as simple as possible. The ability to get to time to value as quickly as possible is our ultimate goal. And then looking, you know, finally, you know, the third kind of, the third lane is to make sure that we can provide not just as I said, the completeness of data, but that it's really data that they can boil down to something that has intrinsic and quantifiable trust because all the time we spend, all the money that's spent on collecting the data is really only as good as the, you know, ability to say, I can emphatically trust it and I can tell you why and I can show you the footprint of that data. And that's something really important right now more than ever. I was talking to my family, I got four kids and they're all kind of growing up now and, you know, we're having these conversations around COVID and the question of AI comes up all the time and AI is very, you know, cool for kids, but they don't really talk about machine learning. So I got to ask you around how you see the machine learning piece come in because data feeds AI. I mean, you got, it's a real, that's how I described to my kids. Data is the fuel for AI and you got to feed that in there, but it's not that easy. What's your reaction to that? Because I think a lot of companies are saying, I have to automate things. The DevOps world and agility come into the mainstream operations of businesses and there's a agility piece. There's a value of the data that's being recognized, but now I've got to put it into practice. What's the playbook? What's your reaction to all that? Yeah, I think you're right. I mean, first of all, AI and machine learning have a really important role in the simplification, the ability to move its speed and to, you know, perform functions that quite frankly are going to move us into an entirely new realm of possibility. I still will contend whether you're feeding that with, you know, anything that you feed data into with data has to be really good quality data. You know, AI machine learning is only as good as the information that you're feeding it with. And so it is really, really critical that we, you know, we leverage these technologies to their fullest extent, but that we make sure that we feed it in the right way. So I think it's a really big part of our future. I think it's something that's going to be important, but we have to have the certainty that we're using them in a way that's coming to, you know, a place of the right outcome. And that starts with what you feed it to use to go use to improve the processes. Crystal, one of the patterns we're seeing is that decision makers and CXOs are looking at the COVID pandemic and saying, okay, I did my thing, we're triage. Now I got to reset and get the foundation set again and look at the projects that are going to be important. And I got to figure out the holistic architecture. So I need a growth strategy and I got to reset maybe some of the team members, projects and whatnot. What's your view on this? Because now new decisions have to be made, roles might change as well. So this is going to change how come he's going to make decisions. What's your reaction to that with the customers? They are trying to figure this out. What's your advice? Yeah, that's absolutely right. And this is about reinstimating a business, reinventing it in many cases. A great example is Domino's who is maybe surprisingly for some, a pioneer in digital transformation that's been a number of years in the making that really has shown that with being in a state of being able to adapt quickly to circumstances and to be forward looking, how critical it is. And so I think this has been a wake up call for organizations across the globe to say we have to be on the ready. We have to be able to be instrumented in a way that we can make quick decisions. In Domino's case it became originally the ability to, they were the first pizza delivery to try out drones for a pizza delivery and to have gaming devices where you can order pizza because that's where their customers ran. And when COVID hit, contact lists became a criteria. And so you can really see how they are able to separate themselves. You see people being leaders that have been further along in their transformation. So I think what this has done is exposed some vulnerabilities quite frankly. And this is a wake up call for companies around the globe that can no longer afford to be in a state where they can't pivot quickly. And looking backwards is no longer the thing that informs people in a state of something like COVID because there really aren't examples or patterns to look at. So reinstimating the business is really critical. Data has to be transformed to perform better for companies. It's interesting. You bring that point about the pivot and the kind of people's resetting and reinventing for that growth strategy is that you're seeing brand impacts and also financial results are directly related to it. If you're not ready, this could have a real detrimental impact on the brand value and ultimately financial results. And this is kind of forcing people to say, it's not just an IT problem. It's a business model change. And data is shown now to be the key ingredient because that's where the agility is going to come from. That's where the value is there. And this has all been talked about in the industry before, but now it's kind of kind of mainstream. This is now the new reality that my brand opportunity and the financial results of my company are at stake. Can you comment on your thinking around that because this is a top line, a high order bid, if you will, conversation among the top boardrooms. Yeah, it is. And I agree with you. You know, many of these conversations have been going on for a while now, right? And I think this just exposes the criticality of what happens when you're not in a state of being able to really reinvent yourself or like I said, reinstrument. And if you're already in that state, how much better off you are, brands are taking a hit in terms of their ability to show up and it goes beyond just their ability to perform as a business, but to really show up differently for their customers, support people in a different way and really make sure that they can respond also from a social perspective. How are they going to help and contribute to what the world is facing? And so it really is asking companies to really fire on all cylinders, quite frankly. I want to get your thoughts on two thought tracks and they're kind of connected, so bear with me. One is we've heard a lot from the marketplace that with the pandemic, the reality of the IT teams that collect the data and the business teams that have to make the decisions are changing obviously with the work at home and all the different dynamics from the app re-architecting. And then you have the competitive advantage now which people are pointing to as speed and scale. So you've got internal kind of organizations that are managing wrangling data, ingesting data, the business teams with the customers and that's kind of was the slow rolling way it was before. Now you got that changing and now you got pressure to be faster and more scalable. So scale is a competitive advantage, speed's a competitive advantage. These are important kind of flywheel elements of the new models that people are being successful with. What is your reaction to that? I couldn't agree more. It is a competitive weapon quite frankly. It is an operational accelerant and it is an innovation catalyst and time is no one's friend quite frankly. It's one of those odd things right now where for all of us that are working from home and time has this odd sense of reality to it. But it's really quite frankly, you cannot act fast enough but what's interesting about enabling companies to act fast that has to come down to the ability for them to be able to spend the time in the right places. So for example, when I think about the number one thing that we can do is it takes a lot for organizations sometimes to put the information in the hands of the right people at the right time so that the time that's being spent by an overall company, not just an individual within a company but the entire company, you have to be able to decrease that so that the time that they're spending is actually on helping drive outcomes. And so some of this and you just struck a chord in everything I think about is how quickly we can get the right data in the hands of the right people because in AstraZeneca's case, for example, the difference of being able to do that, their highest cost in their business is clinical trials. Being able to get information you can use and reduce a month of how fast they can bring those clinical trials to bear is saving them hundreds of millions of dollars but right now AstraZeneca is an important player in helping us solve for this. So you think about how important it is to get information to the right people and time is of critical essence right now. Yeah, it's interesting, Yeltsman, there's that business model advantage but also you got a lot of, and that's an opportunity for many, but there's also a lot of, I won't say heavy lifting but maybe a drag since some might call it compliance. You know, GDPR or whatnot, balancing that kind of, I won't say drag, I mean, I think it's a drag personally but I think we have to have those things in place. You want to maintain the compliance rigidity that's out there but also have room to innovate. That balance is very difficult and it's really mostly highlighted in the data business because that's where the action is around data privacy and those compliance things. But if you got an innovation formula there that you're talking about and you got compliance, if you get one wrong and right, you got to balance it. What's your take on that? Because that's a huge challenge. It's one of those things that's kind of not talked about much but it's pretty much there. You're right and it is a complete balance but you can't have one without the other in highly regulated industries especially with companies like AstraZeneca but really if you think about any company, the ironic thing right now is that when you're looking at even a single report but certainly across an entire company or a line of business, right now you can see that there's quality measures and governance that we put into play but the ability to actually quantifiably say on a single piece of data that you can track where that data's been, who's touched it, how complete is it and really kind of put a measurable trust score against it. There's work to be done there but with GDPR, with HIPAA and interestingly enough, we're looking to kind of challenge some of the norms with COVID that says we now want to collect data that is formally considered privacy and maybe something that would be regulated and now we want to share it for the greater good of making sure that we can track and trace where people are at that maybe are infected and so forth and so you're starting to see this interesting conversion of challenging the fact that we've got at least be able to support people in their governance of data but take that a step further really. Awesome. Final question, you had Talon Connect which is your big kind of confab. What best practices are emerging out of Talon, these days for customers? If you had to kind of highlight the top use cases or best practices that customers and your potential customers could leverage right now with data, what are you guys putting out there? What are the key best practices? Because if everyone has a new reality, that's not all as we talk deeply about it but what's the best practices? What are you guys offering? Well, I think one of the things that I alluded to before is really making sure that we show up as a strategic business partner and this is really important to us. All of these things that we've been talking about, they're heavy lifting for organizations to really look at how they bring the digital revolution to the forefront. There's a lot to consider and so our part in that is to say, we believe that when you power your business on talent and you're able to solve for a number of different problems across the platform, that that's really important that we show up in the way that we can meet our customers where they're at. So that's one, making it simple, really pushing the boundaries on the level of expertise, the specialization, the time to value of making sure that they can leverage, again, spending their time on the things that are important, which are making sure that they're spending it in quality data and data they trust and then really making sure that that final lane is covered up saying, we want to make sure that data is accessible when you need it and where you need it. Things like IoT and Edge devices, this proliferation of data is just becoming immense and so taking the data, getting it to people but in a way that they can have confidence. It's the same thing you just said before. There's a lot to consider and there's in a way a burden of people not knowing maybe all the data they have and how it's being used. We feel responsibility to make sure that we're part of helping that become easy and identifiable and really taking it to the next step beyond quality. So it's really across all of it, just simply putting people in a position to be able to make good decisions and not have to do so much of the heavy lifting and making sure that they know for a fact that it's something that they've made a good decision around because of the data has been trusted and they can have the confidence in that. Awesome, we think data is a better advantage it's going to be more important ever as the days go on. So great insight. Crystal, thank you for that insight. Before we end, take a minute to put the plug in for Talon. What are you up to? You guys hiring, you're looking for folks? What's the business plan? Why are you guys winning? What's the hot products? Take a minute to give up a quick update on Talon. Sure, we're in a great situation where this is a point in time at Talon's where we have a great trajectory in front of us. We see speed and scale of our organization that has an opportunity in front of it to really help solve problems for every part of the market, whether it's the smaller businesses who are certainly at a point where they're having a big impact to the largest organizations. And we feel that there's a set of solutions that we can really work to drive as a partner to each of those customers to solve for the problems that put them in a position to really be able to reinstrument and to reinvent their business. And when we partner like we have with the companies that I mentioned, Domino's and AstraZeneca and many others, it comes back to why join Talon. We have the ability to change the outcome of really separating organizations from the pack and data is the competitive advantage. It is the thing that will put people on a different trajectory. And I'm excited about what we bring to the table and I'm really excited about what's to come and how we'll continue to push the envelope for how we help our customers. That's awesome. Congratulations. Congratulations on the new role of Talon as the CEO. Crystal, be my CEO of Talon. Data is the heart of the value proposition. We've been saying that for 10 years now more than ever. It's exposed that the value is there, speed and scales, the new table stakes for competitiveness and business models for the applications. Again, great CUBE conversations, great insight. Crystal, thank you for joining me today. I'm John Furrier, host of theCUBE. It's been a CUBE conversation. Thanks for watching.


Hello and welcome this month. I'm just I'm not doing like little tutorials on how to do Basic little things what I'm doing is is I'm actually just going to sit down and write applications and have you guys watch me write these applications So you can see the process and I'm going to go kind of quick especially in this one because it might be a little bit longer But quickly to review we're going over a different interface for basically what we did last week Or last video which was this little bash script this little shell script here Which when I run it asks me who I am which I have a filter roles search list here using fuzzy finder I can choose who I am and then it's going to start going through a predetermined list of Checklist items, which I can just easily go through if there's a problem I can mark it if there's not applicable not applicable I can make it not applicable and I go through and then that adds all that to a log file That's CSV Which can also be opened up in a spreadsheet program like excel or Libre offices calc But we're going to do one that is a gooey interface today So let's go ahead and get started with that and again I'm going to go kind of quick and I'm going to be using a lot of Templates I've created because when you do programming you do a lot of repetitive stuff Especially when it comes to user interfaces So whatever you use I use Vim as my my text editor whatever you use Hopefully it allows you to create shortcuts to simplify stuff And I'm not just talking about like auto completion of a line or a tag But you should be able to have it hit a couple of keys and just dump in templates that you've created Let me back out of here and for example I have a little script. I wrote that pulls a template a base template for HTML projects And I can pull that with get dot or get our HTML get is named my script This is up on my get lab page As well as all my other shortcuts are mainly for VIM you can find it on my get lab page Check out the links in the description of this video or my website films by chris.com and it's my VIM templates and set up is called my VIM Setup I think is what I call it. So you should be able to search for it there But basically I just type in HTML get and the name of my project which in this case I'm just going to call checklist underscore two because we already did checklist underscore one And what that's going to do is it's going to pull down some templates and put it in a folder called that and I can now move into that and Here we go. This is my base HTML with some Twitter bootstrap and jQuery scripts as well some CSS That I use regularly. Let's go to my web browser here and this is my web server. It's a blank page Let's go ahead and open up our index page and I'm going to go down here first Let's give the page a title. We'll just call it checklist We'll call check this to checklist Version 2.0 just to be cool. Okay Come down here to my little center main class row And I'm just gonna put a simple little header in here So I'm just gonna say h1 for my tags with nice big words and we're just gonna say checklist Now if I come back here and refresh you can see we have checklist. I'm gonna come in here and again I'm going fast Just this is more of a demonstration anything. I did a horizontal line breaks. We have a little line there Right there should show up in the video And now let's start creating a checklist now. You can very simply Make a checkbox, but we want just any regular checkbox We want nice looking checkboxes that are easy to click they're big so you can click them with your finger on a phone So let's go ahead and do that and this is where some of my templates come into play So this is a bootstrap. So I'm gonna say BT and I'm going to go to my checkbox here boom Dense everything properly and there is my primary checkbox check Okay, it's checked now. We need to be able to submit that and we need to submit it somewhere So I'm just gonna create a quick little PHP Script here that should basically when we submit it's just gonna echo back out. This is what was submitted We're not gonna be worrying about putting in a database or a log file or anything at this point We're just gonna show that what was submitted. So I'm going to create a little script here called get dot PHP and Of course, it's going to be PHP application for my server side here and I am going to say Get form. Yeah, that's what I want And so what this is doing is it's looking at anything that's submitted as a form get submit and these first two lines are just Stripping out any unwanted characters. Hopefully avoiding mess with special characters and or malicious stuff and then we're just gonna loop through each item that's submitted and Print it out to the screen along with its value So we've done that. Let's go ahead back into our index here And we want this checkbox to be part of a form. So let's go in here and I'm going to say Form we're gonna need an Action and a method and We're gonna just do a basic little get method and we're gonna submit it to our get dot PHP down here Let's see Right here. We should be able to say Form let's close our form tag and everything should look good and it's a form But we need to submit buttons. Let's go in here and we'll just add in a basic button. So Just a button like so and I'm just gonna type in submit for the Wording on the button and this type isn't just gonna be a regular button. It's going to be a submit So it will submit the form for us. There it is now if I click this We get nothing because we didn't check anything if we check our checkbox here. Hey, it says this is my test is on Which is the name of our checkbox even though it says primary checkbox in label Now we can obviously Grab this so I'm gonna like 14 and I can copy and paste that and we can now have two checkboxes We can modify them. They each have to have a unique ID Otherwise the checking doesn't work properly. You can see I check down here. It checks that first one It's because of the ID, but we're gonna give each item its own random ID, but we need items So let's go ahead and just copy from our last project our Names dot list our name dot list. I don't know why I call it name It should be names. In fact, I'm going to change that so that Name is now names dot list because there's multiple names in there Oh, that's actually our employee list. What we actually want to copy is our checklist one one Items list and again, I'm gonna move that to items dot list okay let's go back into our HTML here and I'm going to delete our little checkboxes and I'm going to open up another file, which is our main JS script right there and Oh when I pasted in our thing there was a link to a CSS file Hey, let me undo our my my deletion here This link file should go up here to be proper plus we don't want it there more than once and now I come back down here and delete our tags save that What I just do and Now I'm going to open up our main JS Which has a ready function here and let's go ahead and create a function called get items And this will get our list of items and hopefully put them where they belong Save that real quick. I'm going to go back into our index file here And we want some place to put those so I'm going to create an empty div tag a div tag is just an area That we're going to place some things We need to give it an ID so we know which div tag we're talking about and we'll just call this Checks because this is where all our checkboxes are going to go. We just need to remember. That's what we named it And we're going to come back in here and we are going to now say We're going to do a jQuery request that function and Instead of posts. I'm just going to do a Get that I don't think it matters in this particular case, but that's how I'm going to do it We're not going to add anything to it and we're going to get our Items dot list perfect now We need to also call that when the page is done loading. We're going to say get items We will refresh this and we don't have any checkboxes because we haven't added checkboxes left yet But if I open up my console here, you can see that it outputted outputted Everything that's inside that that text file to our console here. We don't want it in the console We want it in checkboxes. So let's go ahead and go back here and what we're going to do is instead of echoing it to the console here We're going to say take that data because right now. It's not format. Lots of times you'll get stuff in JSON format This is just a plain text file with each item on its own list So what we need to do is break them up into an array It's like a list of things and we're going to say each item is based on each new line So what I'm going to do here is I am going to say that our items Equal our data that we grabbed and we're going to split it split it split it Based on the new line character. So each item is a new line and then we're going to do a for loop here change this to items And this one to say Items, but we don't want to print out the console. We already did that We're going to do here is going to say var item equals format that a little bit better so now we have a variable with our item in it and what we want to be able to do is take that item and Put it into our checkbox template. So I'm going to come here and I'm going to say BT for bootstrap and I'm going to go down to checkbox boom we don't need this CSS because we have that our main HTML and we're going to say var and we're going to call this box And we're going to say equals and I'm going to do a back tick and a back tick at the end here That allows you to easily making multi-line multi-line string variable here and Then in here for name, we're going to replace this with the item. So we're going to say dollar sign squiggly brackets Spaghetti braces whatever you want to call them item and we're going to do the same thing down here So that the person knows what they're checking So the name is what's submitted down here is what the user sees they don't have to be the same thing But in this particular case we probably want them to be now We also want each item to have its own unique ID and We can do that multiple different ways But I'm just going to generate a random string for each one because we really don't care about the ID here As long as it matches for the box and the labels. So what I'm going to do here is I'm going to say Javascript and I actually have a template for a function We'll give you a random string based on length to give it you don't give it length It will give you a 10 character random string So we want to make sure but this is inside our for loop because we want each one to have its own unique ID and we're going to say random string and Then here for our ID. We're going to say ID and The label for that is the ID This is the label for that same dollar sign stability. Whoops Now if we We have that as a variable. We need to now append that to our div tag. So we're going to find I Think we called it checks and we're going to append to that our box And if you're fresh Something's not right. What do we do wrong here data split items items? item Let's go ahead and Split it new line What did I do wrong console? Log Data and let's open up our console log here It's outputting it Did we call it checks or checks? What did we call? Checks and what did I put that I put checks? I think I put checks checks append box Box is our oh we're outside the for loop. That would be our issue right there Gotta make sure we're in the for loop for the appending here We can go ahead and remove our console log here and here we can go ahead and get rid of The console window and if we refresh this boom We now can check different items and when we click submit it will give us a list of the ones that we checked Perfect except for what's this? What's this is a little funny looking thing here? Well, what that is is because There is a blank line Inside our text file so what we're gonna do here is we're going to Check for that with an if then statement What we're gonna do here is we're gonna say if this Else that Okay, copy this line here. Let's go ahead and dent all that We're gonna say okay if our item Equals nothing. What are we gonna do? We can tell it to just ignore empty lines But I thought it'd be nice if we add it to our formatting So we're gonna do it if it's blank. We're instead of repending our box. We're gonna append a horizontal line If I could type that properly So now you'll see when I do that at the end here There is a horizontal line very light but you might see that so why would we do that? Well, let's go back into our items list and We have up here tire stuff, and then we have light stuff. What if I put in a blank line here? You can see there's now a line dividing up the sections. You can go a little bit further and add You know headers but again the point of these tutorials as I said the last one is just to show That you can continuously add to a program and improve it We can make a program pretty quick and prove it right now. We're pretty much done We could pretty much stop here and we have a checklist again We can check this and this and this and click submit and it shows those things if I was to check all of them It's going to submit all of them again We'd be dumping that into a database or a log if you would but database would be a better option And here we but we still need to find out who is submitting this And again really in a real-life situation You should never enter your name because you should be logged in as yourself and the computer should know who you are already I hate when I'm logged in and it asks me who I am or in some cases some businesses will have one login for everybody Which is just horrible Okay, you don't know who's doing what but let's go ahead just to expand on this tutorial even though we could stop here Let's add in a name selection now We could just put in an input box where a person types their name Which again as I said in the last video if you can avoid people typing in information You really should because you never know what they're gonna type And they let like my name's Christopher, but I usually go by Chris But sometimes I write Christopher sometimes I write Chris and that could be very confusing or maybe I'm just typing fast I miss spell my name. I do that quite often There's a lot of eyes in my last name and when I type fast I tend to always miss the second to last I I'm not joking. I mean just all the time for years now and that can mess up your your database so you don't want people that you want to be able to check from a a list of names and And you can just have a regular drop-down list But the issue with that is In my opinion any time you have a list it's more than 20 items long Which if you have a lot of employees that could be more than 20 you want that list to be filterable or at least at least You know searchable in some ways a regular drop-down list You can usually type the first few characters and jump to it But it'd be nice if you had a list that actually looked so I mean if my name show up in the list as Chris Occupanti I can type K. R. K. R. I in a you know regular drop-down list and would jump to it But if I typed an OCC it wouldn't we're gonna create using template area have a Dropdown a button that gives us a list that we can search through the names and check a name And then that will put that into an input field that's read only so that we can't edit that We can only check names that are in the list. So again, we have already copied over our names list here with employee numbers and everything So let's go ahead and go back into our code here and Inside our form. I want to create an input box That has that we're gonna input to but then outside of the form I'm gonna have my drop-down box. So I'm just gonna go here and I'm going to type in BT and Choose from my list here. I should have drop-down search box. Okay. That looks like a lot Let's go over this. This is CSS to make it look right. We'll move that up to our header So again, it dumps it all here, but then we're gonna put stuff where it belongs We have this drop-down list with items in it already Which we will be replacing And then we want this as it says in my little note here You want that to be in the form for submission? So I'm gonna go ahead and copy those lines or cut those lines come down to our form And I'll just go ahead and paste it in here and up here, of course I just formatted in something that's not a json JavaScript so it's going it's messed up my format here, but we're gonna move this into our Code, so let's go ahead our our JavaScript code. I'm just gonna come up here. I'm gonna look I have 25 lines 25 DD and then I'm going to open up our Main JS I'm gonna go to the bottom and I'm just gonna paste in those lines Right here. That's six should format that all for me And we're gonna want this one, so we're gonna copy these four lines or cut them and put them up here okay, so now we have our When we click the button it should show or toggle our drop-down list on and off Down here we have when an item is selected do something and here is the filter Okay, so we should be able to save that and right now see it functioning No Let's go back to our oops Why is that's why I didn't save this there we go now we have this I should be able to click this it gives me The list that we currently have in there I checked that and it adds what I selected to this box Which I cannot change other than by selecting something else in the list And I can also do something like if I do you it's only showing things with you Yes, so now I have custom and I can select that from the list Let's go back and now modify this so that it's going to grab from our list of names and put them in there so let's go ahead and just delete each one of these and Delete that you'll save that and I will go back into my js Javascript here, and I'm going to create a function called get Names and I'm going to paste in that line. We just copied and then up here. We want to make sure that we call this get names and Exit out of that. Let's go back into our main JS Okay, so what are we gonna do here? Well similar to what we did down here So what I'm gonna do here is I'm going to use my template here for my jQuery post Delete the function out of that and we are going to grab our name that list name list Actually, I made it names didn't I that's right and now we're not going to pass it any information And it doesn't matter where this is supposed to get but I'm going to change it to get just to be consistent with what I'm doing Let's move this up here and again we can output all that to the console But we're going to do here is we're going to create a an array called Names equals data dot split based on again This is a plain text file each line is a new thing and we're going to say here. We're going to say If Name does not equal Blank so we're making sure that it's not a blank name the last line of the file We're going to then do something and what are we going to do? We're going to say We're going to append this But what are we going to append it to? We're going to Append it to what do we call our thing here? We're going to append it to our my drop-down or yeah my drop-down I'm back to my main JS so I'm going to say And that should be the thing that is the ID of So we're saying check each name in the list. Oh, actually we need to make our for loop. Don't we? JS Array loop that delete that That Dent everything properly Yes, everything looks right and here for Names we're gonna go through the loop here and we're gonna say name var name equals Names with that occurrence loop now. We're checking now. We're appending but we don't just append blank stuff We are going to let's go ahead and do back tick just because I like the way this looks better So putting that in back ticks and instead of about here. We're gonna say our name and We're just putting some basic HTML here saying when this item is clicked do this and So items select if we go down here items select what it's going to do is it's going to toggle off the list So we'll hide the list and we're going to then change the items input They are input to be the value of what we just selected. You'll see Obviously, I typed something wrong On line 20 we have a character that we don't want So let's go back up here line 20 it said which Something's not right We got back ticks. Oh, we need to Move this. Oh Let's undo that. I think I just have my curly. There we go. Okay Now I can check this list. We have a long list. I can come in here. I can say Foster I can choose foster and he's added there now I can check rear tires and headlights are good submit and you can see that it was submitted by employee number 25 Oliver foster and That's he checked the front or the rear driver side tire pressure and the headlights and as our application we can make this look a little bit nicer if we wanted to We can hide this input here, but I put it there so they know what name is checked We could also probably change the name of the button if we wanted, but let's just real quick go Into our index PHP. I'm just gonna add in a little bit of spacing here. So Right here. I'm gonna add in a line break and above the form I'm gonna add in another horizontal line just to make things look a little bit nicer and you know what? This did not take very long. Let's add in another line break We could really probably should use CSS to make this look nicer But I like to cheat with line breaks like that and we have our application. Here's our checklist We choose who we are from the list which we can filter if we want We can check items off the list if they are checked as good They will be submitted obviously there's other things you can do which again It's the point of this tutorial is that you can continue on to on but it all this Wall explaining stuff and it only took me 26 minutes in the first five minutes was demonstrating last thing So this didn't take as much longer than our last application and we have this and on a mobile device It would look something like this So it still look very usable And you should be able to click you don't even click the blue here You can click the words so anywhere inside these boxes making it very quick easy click with your fingers But again if you have a list with like a hundred things you might want to do the reverse You might have every item or a checked and then you uncheck Items that have problems or maybe you're only checking items that are problems Are you checking off that you checked it? Are you checking off that it's good? You also might want to add a comment box so people can add comments, which is always a good idea For the comment box again There's certain things like name or station or wherever wherever information like that You want to use a list but comments having a comment box is always a good idea for things that you might not think of But again, this list can be hundreds items long You can also have section checklists or you check and a section gets checked off But again, we create a base application submits it to the server the server right now is just echoing it back to us To put it into a database it would take another five minutes to create the database And then I have templates for submitting stuff into databases So yeah in a half an hour we less than a half an hour we created this application for checking things So super simple again, I went quick because it's more of a demonstration than a tutorial and Again the main point of this just to be a little repetitive because when you're teaching people stuff repetitive stuff is is good for Engraining it in their brains is that as I said in the first tutorial I don't know if I said in this tutorial is that Programming is like artwork as they say with artwork art is never complete only abandoned the same with this I could continue every day adding new features making this better tweaking it a little bit making it look nice Or making it perform better making it more efficient making it easier for the user changing where things are and you go on and on and on And on but to create a base application like this Does not take long, you know So I do thank you for watching and I ask you to visit films by Chris calm That's Chris the K. There's a link in the description of the video. Go ahead and check that out I do thank you for watching there. You can search through all my videos This the this video was a little more in-depth in all my tutorials usually I go over like one thing like this is how you make a Checkbox, this is how you create an input. This is how you submit a form, you know But this this again this this month this whole month I'm gonna be going over just creating random applications just to show you the full process of how things go together and again I did a lot of template inputs because I Regularly use check boxes. I regularly make buttons that look like this.  So I hope you've learned something Comment below. Let me know what you think. Did I explain things well for a quick overview? Was I horrible? What would you do different? I know a lot people like I wouldn't use JavaScript and HTML and well, you know making things Like this are super simple and cross-platform and literally I can give someone the URL to this and it's now on their Their device whether it be a phone tablet Desktop laptop regardless of operating system if they have a modern browser, which you should be using a modern browser So for security reasons you should be good to go and it's all already connected to the server Which you would need to be connected to a server anyway to submit the stuff so I've been talking long enough. Hope that you have a great day One more thing I will throw this up on my web server because right now it's running on my desktop computer, but I'll throw it up there and go ahead and Check it out. There'll be a link in the description of this video. So go ahead and click on that and you can use this use this to to look at it and also Link to the source code so that you can get a copy of this if you want to use it as a template for your project Anyway, I thank you for watching and as a hope as always. I hope you have a great day


Good morning. I am Deepak Phatak, teacher at IIT Bombay. I am also the principal investigator of the T-10KT program under which this workshop is being held. What I will do is I will discuss the workshop timetable first and we will wait for the inaugural address by Professor Kannan. So I hope you are able to see the workshop schedule on your screens. The same has been posted on Moodle. I am sure at least some of you would have seen it, although it was posted very late. But let me go through the program very quickly with you. You will notice that the overall stress of this workshop is not so much on discussion of computer programming as it is on the discussion on how to teach computer programming. You will recall that very early in the workshop brochure itself I had clarified that this course is not about learning computer programming. It is for teachers who teach computer programming and therefore it is expected that they know computer programming rather well. What we are going to discuss is how we believe this subject ought to be taught. Although we will be sharing our experiences in teaching the equivalent CS 101 course here, in the process we would like to learn from your experiences as well, which would be filtered through your workshop coordinators and we will have time for you people to make brief presentations as you will see later. The first lecture after the inaugural brief inaugural function is on how to teach introductory programming courses. You all will understand that the programming course is taught mostly at the first year, even first year, first semester level, to all new entrants, at least of engineering colleges and also in most courses such as MSc Computer Science or MCA. What it means is that students who are not expected to know anything about computers come in and take this course. More importantly, when the course is taught at the first year BTEC level, the students who take this course are often students who have never attended college in their life. They have just passed their schools probably with good academic performance, that is why they get into science or engineering colleges, but still they are fresh students as far as the college is concerned. So how do you engage with such students and how should a first course in programming be taught in general is the matter of discussion. This talk will be delivered by my colleague Professor Abhiram Ranade. This is a rather long talk and I will be moderating that talk. So this talk will continue after the tea break. It may not continue right up to 12 o'clock or 11.55 as the timetable says. We may finish it a bit earlier, in which case I will start my own session which comes next to it and that is about use of technology in the teaching learning processes. As a part of this session, I will also talk briefly about the computing environment that we will be using for this workshop namely the code blocks computing environment along with of course a special graphical package which has been implemented at IIT Bombay but which is available at all the remote centers called Simple CPP. Professor Ranade will speak more about why is such a package needed and how is such a package needed and how exactly it could be used in a first course. In the afternoon we have lab sessions. These lab sessions are there on each of the afternoon except that the objectives of the lab sessions are significantly different on different days. On the first day today you will actually familiarize yourself with the code blocks environment, run some simple CPP programs, run some other C programs of your choice, the actual assignment will be uploaded on the Moodle before you reach the lab. The point is you should be familiar with the environment with which we actually expect you to go back and teach the computer programming course to your students. The entire second day is devoted to what we call pedagogical issues. Pedagogy is about the methodology used to teach any course not just computer programming course but in this particular workshop my colleague Professor Sridhar Iyer will be discussing with you the pedagogy or the elements of pedagogy which are most relevant for teaching computer programming. He will also take examples from the computer programming subject. The four topics which are specifically going to be covered by Professor Sridhar Iyer are the notion of active learning which actually started quite some time ago but has gained ground recently in the light of heavy use of technology in our teaching learning processes which make this active learning actually feasible. He will then talk about the ThinkPayerShare technique. He will talk about the peer instruction mechanism for example how clickers could be used in order to enhance the learning experience and in the last session he will discuss the flip classroom. You will remember that in the online portion of this workshop all of you have actually gone through some early exposure to the notion of flip classroom through a paper which was uploaded and there was indeed a survey assignment which you would have completed or at least most of you have completed. The last three days 18th, 19th and 20th is when we concentrate on discussing specific topics pertaining to teaching of computer programming. You will notice again that there are many topics out of which only few are explicitly discussed. For example the first and foremost how to introduce programming I'll discuss a slightly novel and different way in the light of whatever professor Abhiram Nanade will be talking about. Subsequently we'll discuss only three or four important things namely how to teach iterative solutions, how to handle arrays, how to deal with strings and introducing files. These are the kind of topics which are considered slightly more advanced or difficult and therefore I have chosen to put some emphasis on these topics but you will notice that all other sessions delve around how to design assignments, how to design quizzes, how to design questions both for use in online examinations as well as use for use in conventional examination. As mentioned in the workshop brochure all of you will be grouped into smaller teams of three to five people and each team will have to complete an assignment to be submitted after the workshop is over at your own place. You are expected to spend about two weeks on it that is at least two full days of working time. In the light of other developments which I'll mention later we will keep the date of actual submission extended to about four weeks from the end of this workshop. But the actual assignment allocation has to happen within this workshop. The preliminary discussion amongst the teams on what exactly they will do and how they will do it will have to happen here. These decisions will be taken by the teams and the team coordinator will upload both the final assignment to be done as well as a very small five to seven minute presentation on what exactly they wish to do and how exactly they propose to go about it including how they will coordinate with each other when they are not available in a group in a face-to-face environment but are at their respective places. Not only that after these presentations are loaded the certain teams will be randomly selected and they will have to make presentations on Friday on whatever they propose to do as their team assignments. On the last day I will briefly talk about introduction to object-oriented programming and then effectively we'll conclude the workshop by a session on collecting feedback from the participants and having a brief validity function. All participants are required to submit an online feedback. This online feedback session will be held after the validity function. This is because there have been some requests that some participants might want to go back to their places on Saturday afternoon. Such people should complete their online submission of workshop feedback ahead of the noon. We'll keep it open right from the morning. This then is the general structure of the workshop. At this juncture I am happy to invite my colleague Professor Kannan Mautgalyar. Let me very briefly introduce him to you. Professor Kannan Mautgalyar is an engineer from IIT Madras. He's actually a chemical engineer. I mention this because he rarely does anything related to chemical engineering these days. He then did his master's and PhD at Rice University specializing in controls and actually becoming more of an electrical engineer. After coming back here he has been spearheading the activities in this area. Several years ago he got intrinsically interested in the great ideas of the national mission and committed himself to contribute significantly to the activities. He has been a member of Standing Committee of the Mission right from its inception. More importantly he is the overall coordinator of a number of mission projects that are being executed at IIT Bombay including the T10KT project which I had. He himself has developed a pedagogical novelty called spoken tutorials. I will request him to briefly mention it at least although we are going to discuss it later in the course of this workshop. In general his contribution to greater use of technology in education has been immense and we all benefit from that contribution. I will request Professor Kannan to share his thoughts with you all you ask. Good morning. Thank you for the part. It's a privilege and an honor to inaugurate this important course. The contact mode of the 2-week course training close to 10,000 faculty members in the country. The National Mission on Education through ICT was initiated by Mr. Sinha IIS who had a grand vision to make technology available for everybody to provide the latest infrastructure and the technologies available to every child in the country. It is being pursued now by Mr. the current director of NME ICT Mr Praveen Prakash IIS. NME ICT has three mandates. One is connectivity to provide one GVPS bandwidth to every one of let's say 600 universities in the country and 10 Mbps connection to every one of about 25,000 plus colleges in the country. This work has been more or less completed now. The next one is content generation. This particular course, this T10KT is actually funded by this part of the mission. In fact, several other projects at IIT Bombay have also been supported by this part. The third one is device, the Akash project. I will talk about it a little bit later. When launched, this was a 1 billion dollar mission, probably the largest and most ambitious anywhere in the world. Let me briefly talk about some of the activities at IIT Bombay under the mission. The E Yantra project is managed by Professor Kavi Arya. He plans to promote robotics and through that promote hands-on kind of experience throughout the country. He is in the process of setting up labs in various parts of the country. So, the Kavi Arya is a professor in computer science. He used to be a faculty member of the erstwhile crusade, Kanwal Reiki School of Information Technology, which is now merged into the computer science department. The next project that I would want to talk about is Oskar, the project that tries to create animations. Professor Sridharayar of computer science, who is going to give you a talk later on, is the person who coordinated this project. Oskar, the first phase of this project is over and we are hoping that he or one of his colleagues will take up the second phase soon. That is extremely important because animation is a very good way to, very good component of pedagogy, rather very good pedagogical method to teach even complicated methods. We have a project called virtual labs. It is a national project coordinated by Professor Ranjan Bose of IIT Delhi. At IIT Bombay, it is coordinated by Professor Santosh Narona of chemical engineering. By the way, I am a professor in chemical engineering, education technology, and systems and control. There are many interdisciplinary research efforts at IIT Bombay, so I am pleased to be a part of both education technology and systems and control. We also have a project called E-Kalpa, NME ICT funded project. Its goal is to create design courses. It is being coordinated by Professor Ravi Puvaya of industrial design center. It is being done jointly with NID Ahmedabad and IIT Gohathi. Another project that is being done at IIT Bombay through NME ICT is Spurkan tutorial. Professor Fartek said that we may get an opportunity to talk about it little later. Perhaps you are already going to use it. Using this, it is possible to provide IT training through a self-learning methodology. This workshop, these are called self-workshops. These workshops can be conducted by students, volunteers, and anybody who is interested in promoting IT. Anybody who is interested in the education of our children. It can be rolled out at all the places simultaneously. For example, we have excellent Spurkan tutorials for C, C++, Java, and so on. Those of you who want to pick up some C and C++ quickly before this course starts, you may want to go through our website Spurkan tutorial. All that you have to do is to enter Spurkan tutorial in Google and that will take you out. The first hit is ours. T10KT, our trained 10,000 teachers program is the one that is making available this course to you. Professor Fartek has been coordinating this. He started with a 10,000 teacher training program and the program was so good that the government asked him to go to 10,000 teacher mode. Now this program also has been extremely good so that he has been asked to go to MOOCs, which will be in a position to reach out to one lakh, if not more people simultaneously. So far as our country is concerned, unlike the West, for the West, MOOCs and such massive training programs are an icing on the cake, whereas for India it is bread and butter. It is important for us in the West when a MOOC is offered, it is okay if the completion rate is very small, 5%, 10%, it is okay because it is an icing on cake anyway, whereas for us it is something lot more important. It has to fill the gap that we have. In other words, it is, that's why I call it bread and butter kind of a thing, we cannot be complacent with 5% or 10% completion rate. In fact that is applicable to this 10,000 teacher training program as well. It is extremely important for us to put it to proper use, to realize the full benefits of it and make sure the benefits eventually go to the students. In that sense, this is an extremely important program for us. We have to take it lot more seriously and considering the potential of this, the government is very keen to promote this effort and in fact it is banking on faculty members like you to reach out to the students and so this is going to be one of the flagship programs of the mission itself. Finally, my brief speech would not be complete if I don't talk about Akash. You know that IIT Bombay was interested with the responsibility of taking up the Akash project. When Akash project came to IIT Bombay, we had three mandates. One, to find out whether the idea of Akash was sustainable. Did Akash make sense? That was the first one. IIT Bombay proved beyond doubt that it was indeed a great project. It was indeed a great device. The second mandate given to IIT Bombay was to distribute it and to create content collaboratively. We have done that as well. We have distributed close to 70,000 of the 1 lakh tablets that we received and students from all over the country through 300 Akash remote centers are developing applications on that. In fact, one of the projects that will come out of this is the project to port NCRT books onto Akash. It is being done by the Sastra University, one of our Akash remote centers and that project is close to completion. In a similar way, there are other projects that are happening. Just to give another example, our collaborator at Bales University has come up with a solar battery and in fact, we are looking at it seriously. There are many such projects because of lack of time. I will not go into more of them. While talking about Android, we ported clicker software, Sylab, Animations, Akash business tool and accounting software and of course, Spurcon tutorials. There are many more. I don't have time to talk about every one of them. More interestingly, we have got Linux running on Akash, some of our staff members. By the way, most of this work has been done by our staff members, most of whom have degrees from outside the IIT system. I would like to point out that every one of you and every one of your students is in a position to contribute. In fact, also as a capability to contribute to this project. Regarding the Linux software, we got Ubuntu 13.10 ported. You all know that Akash is a very low footprint machine. In fact, it has only half a GB RAM. So, one might ask, what is possible? We have got Linux running in just 100 MB. A knockdown version of Ubuntu can be made to work in 100 MB. Just to give some comparison, the time it takes to open LibreOffice spreadsheet called CALC, which is very similar to Microsoft Excel is much less than the time it takes for MS Excel to open in a big desktop. In other words, the LibreOffice version of the spreadsheet opens lot faster on Akash, which is a very small device, this 2263 rupee device. It opens lot faster there compared to Microsoft Excel on a desktop, causing several tens of thousands of rupees with lots of RAM, high-speed processors and so on. We have most of the things that work on Linux, working on this. For example, we have got our electronic design automation tool, OSCAD using which one can design circuits, make PCBs and so on. All of that can be made in Akash. We can use Akash as a scope and to interface with hardware devices and show the use it as an to replace an expensive oscilloscope. We can use Akash for data acquisition and control. We have proven beyond doubt that Akash is a successful project. Now we are about to embark. In fact, the government has now gone ahead and is making plans to procure Akash through DGS and D, so that Akash can be made available to everybody. So even a person who wants a single Akash unit can actually go and buy that. That was not possible in the previous Akash project. In fact, we were not able to give Akash units to individuals because that was not part of our project. But now that we have succeeded, it will be available soon through DGS and D. At IIT Bombay, we are taking up another pilot which is a logical continuation of the Akash project, which is to come up with a net book version of Akash tablets. It will be a complete net book with a complete keyboard and it can be used as a full computer, 10-inch screen with a trackpad and so on. It will run Linux and in my opinion, it will run blazingly fast. It is going to be a lot faster than a Pentium and our aim is to bring this device at about Rs. 5000 or so. We are just starting the project. We will keep you posted on that and we would, whenever the situation, whenever we reach the point, I would invite the entire community, computer science, IT community and electronics community and of course the entire user community to participate in this ambitious project. So with this, I would like to, I think I have given a brief overview of NME ICT and some of the projects happening at IIT Bombay. It has been a great opportunity for me to address you all. I hope that in this course that has been passionately put together by Professor Fartek, there are many useful things. It is not going to be boring, they are not going to teach how to write loops and so on, but you are going to be taught, rather they are going to share with you some of the pedagogical methods, tools and things that will make your course effective. You already know computer science, only people who have been teaching this course have been invited to participate in this course. In that sense, you are already domain experts, but the pedagogy is something that is going to be something new that hopefully you can take from here. We of course invite you to share useful pedagogical methods that you might have developed and Moodul is a great platform for sharing your thoughts. So I want to wish you all the best, enjoy the course. Thank you and Jai Hind. Thank you Professor Kannan. I have two of my colleagues here who have been known as great teachers and have been contributing generally to our efforts of improving the quality and effectiveness of teaching. One of them I am going to call here to share his thoughts with you. The other is Professor Viran Sethi. Professor Viran Sethi has been the coordinator of our institute wide course on effective communication. Actually it's very interesting and I do not know whether all of you are aware of it, but effective communication is a compulsory program for all our postgraduate students. This was introduced as a compulsory course, it's a past not past course, but it's a compulsory course still. We introduced it after we realized that many of our students, bright as they are, well prepared as they are in their own subjects, they are sadly very deficient in the art of effective communication without which the professional life could become very miserable and deficient. It is in this context that the institute senate decided to include a course. The course runs in an interesting format. There are common lectures for all 1000 students, 1000 postgraduate students. It's also compulsory for our PhD students I think. And then the individual departments assign a faculty member as the departmental coordinator to give department specific assignments and engage the department students with various submissions and in their own way whatever is relevant for their own department. The point I'm trying to make is that right from the inception, Professor Viran Sethi has been one of the coordinators of the institute level course. Can we focus on him please once again? I'm proud to say that I was his sort of TA when I was the departmental coordinator for the computer science department and the passion with which he elaborates the fundamental principles of effective communication is absolutely extraordinary. Someday I hope I will have an opportunity to arrange a T10KT workshop for teachers because I realize that effective communication is actually far more important to teachers than just the students who we teach and therefore thank you Professor Sethi for being here and thank you for helping us out. The other person who I'm actually inviting here is Professor Uday Gaitonde. He's not from the CS background. He is a professor of mechanical engineering. He has been a participant in these T10KT workshops when we used to conduct workshops only for 1000 people in the course on thermodynamics he offered. I still remember people after people in the feedback session calling him the god of thermodynamics. For me he is more important than just being the god of thermodynamics because he has gone ahead and convinced several of his colleagues to participate and contribute to these T10KT workshops. As a result mechanical engineering department actually is the department which has offered the largest number of courses in the T10KT workshop series. More importantly when IIT Bombay decided to join the global massive open online course movement by becoming a member of EDX consortium we were required to offer few of our courses globally. We decided to offer two courses to begin with. One is going to be my own course CS 101x the one which we are discussing here. The second is a course on thermodynamics which is going to be taught by Professor Gaitonde. Since offering a course delivered through MOOCs is probably the ultimate in scaling using technology effectively and that is what we are going to discuss for a long time in this workshop as well. I have taken the liberty to request Professor Gaitonde to share his thoughts briefly on what he feels about the MOOCs offering the challenges thereof. Professor Gaitonde. Thank you Professor Fatak.  A very willing one though. It has been a pleasant interaction teaching the first thermodynamics course in the 1000 teacher mode. Then again the second thermodynamics course in the 10,000 teacher mode. And of course when the IIT Bombay joined the EDX consortium we created the IIT Bombay X. I was also one of the willing person to start off with the thermodynamics course. So ME20X will be offered along with CS101X beginning end of July. I think 29 July is the in spite of having taught thermodynamics under different guises to undergraduate, postgraduate and network students through the T10KT program. The MOOC, the massive online course is a different thing altogether. It is online but in a way it is also offline. In the sense we will be uploading by a given schedule daily or weekly snippets. So called lecture modules but these are not you know 45 minute or 1 hour lecture modules. These are snippets many of them even shorter than the typical spoken tutorial of 8 to 10 minutes. Because the feedback is that if you provide a video interaction of about 4 to 5 minutes the person who watches it lets call him the student. The student of a MOOC tends to go through the whole of it. If you go to 10 minutes then you know people tend to lose interest after 6 minutes. And if you give them a video recording of something like 45 minutes or 1 hour they tend to lose instead interest just after 2 or 3 minutes. So one of the major efforts on my part is to convert the lectures on thermodynamics or the teaching of thermodynamics into snippets typically of 3 to 5 minutes duration. And that is the effort that I am putting in now and hopefully I will be ready with that by the end of July. And then we have problems of continuity because in 1 hour you do not have to worry about continuity of the first 5 minutes and the next 5 minutes and next 5 minutes. Because the whole thing is a smooth lecture and you have given it so many times so it is you just go there and deliver it. You do not really have to prepare after implementing it so many times. But when it comes to MOOCs I have to go back to basics, go to my notes, snip out things and then keep a continuity from one snippet to next. I also have to provide for interaction after every snippet or every other snippet because otherwise a collection of 10 snippets becomes a lecture of about 15 minutes duration and all the advantages of providing snippets is lost. So we are including graphics and we are including self-evaluation and interaction in that. It is a very interesting thing to do although a heavy load. And I hope with the team here and Professor Fatih's backup that should be ready in about a month's time. Thank you. Thank you very much Professor Gayathonde. Before concluding this inaugural session I am glad to welcome a large number of young people who are not yet teachers but hopefully they soon shall be. They are all intake students of educational technology at one of our partner institutions Amrita University. So welcome all of you. I hope you will enjoy this workshop.


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