I'm Zor. Welcome to Unisor Education. Today's topic will be graphs and problems actually for graphs. We'll start with problem number one. This is actually a repetition of whatever we were talking about during the main lecture, about the transformations which graph can take when you change the argument or the function. So let's assume that you have a function and its graph. So we have four questions. What happens with function's graph if I add something to an argument or add something to the entire function or multiply something by an argument or the function? These four questions we will consider right now. So let's do it one by one. First, we will add something to argument and let's assume that this constant is greater than zero. Okay, that's simple. Consider you have a point with coordinates, let's say capital A and capital B which belongs to original graph. So this is x coordinate and this is y coordinate. x is equal to A if it is equal to B. And this point belongs to the graph. Now, obviously if you would take the point A minus small lower case A and B, this point belongs to this graph because if you add x plus A, you will get A and f function of capital A is equal to B as we know. Because the fact that this graph contains point A and B, it actually means that if we apply function f to the value of argument A, we will get B. So same thing actually will happen here. Function f of A plus A, that's the x plus A, sorry, minus A here, plus A comma B equals B, function of A is equal to B. So if point A B belongs to the original graph, then point A minus lower case A B belongs to the new graph. So we have to shift to the left because do you remember we started with A greater than zero. So let's say this particular segment has a length A. So now we get the point which has x coordinate A minus lower case A and the same B. So if this point belongs to original graph, then this point belongs to the new graph. Same thing here, shift it to the left, same thing here, shift it to the left and you will get an entire graph which resembles, which resembles our graph, but shift it to the left, shift it to the left by A units. Okay, so that's how it happens when we shift to the left. Now obviously if we subtract positive number, everything will be shifted to the right. So you can always say that adding positive number shifts the graph to the left, adding positive number, so subtracting positive number shifts the graph to the right. Whatever the graph is, the shape of the curve is preserved. So if originally we had something like parabola, which is y is equal to x square, then if I want a graph of y equals to x minus 3 square, it will be shifted to the right by 3 units. So if this is 3, this is 0, then the whole parabola will be started from here. The same curve just shifted to the right because this is subtraction of the positive number by this number. Let's say that covers adding or subtraction of the constant to the argument of the function. So the graph shifts left or right based on the sign of addition or subtraction. Okay, that's number one. Number two, number two, we add a constant to an entire function, to an entire algebraic expression which defines our function. What happens here? Well, again, we'll do exactly the same thing. If point AB belongs to the graph, which means B is equal to function of A, then obviously point AB plus lower case A belongs to this graph because if I will substitute A for x, effort x we know according to this is equal to B. So on the right I will have B plus A and on the left I will have B plus A. So basically this point belongs to the new graph. So how does it look if this is my original graph and let's consider that this is point AB. So what I'm saying is that the new graph, the graph of this function, will have a point same A but B shifted, let's say A is positive, so I shift it by A units up. So this point belongs to the new graph. Similarly, every point can be shifted by the same segment of length A and the new graph will be just above the original one, just shifted A units up. So if we are adding positive number to an entire algebraic expression on the right side of this equation, of this expression to the function, then the whole graph shifts up. Obviously if A is negative, it will be shifted then. Okay, now we will do multiplication. The problem number 3 will be, we will multiply argument by a constant and again we consider that the point AB belongs to the original graph which means B is equal to f of x. Now if we can say, if we will substitute A divided by lowercase AB into the new graph, what happens? It will be f of A A divided by lowercase A, that will be on the right, right? But we know that this is function of A and function of A is equal to, as I should have actually written here, A. So function of A is equal to B, so this is B. What it means? It means that this particular point with these coordinates satisfies this new equation, which means it belongs to the graph. And now what we can say is the following. If AB belongs to a graph, then A divided by lowercase AB also belongs to the graph. Now where is it graphically? Okay, here is where it is. This is my original function, let's say, let's consider parabola. Now this is A and B. So where is, in this case, point A divided by lowercase A? Well let's consider this constant is greater than 1, like 2, 3, whatever, any positive number greater than 1. It means we are actually squeezing A divided by lowercase A that's squeezing the point to the left. So instead of this segment 0A, I will have a segment 0A divided by lowercase A. Let's say lowercase A is 2, then this will be exactly half. So every point AB, which belongs to the original graph, you can consider that the new graph will be by squeezing this particular segment A times, so it will be like here. This point will be here. This point will be here. So the whole graph will go like here and similarly on the left side. So we are squeezing the graph by this constant A along the X towards the axis of Y axis. Now obviously if this constant A is less than 1, let's say it's 1 half, then squeezing by 1 half is actually multiplying by 2, obviously. So we are stretching the graph. But in any case, whatever English word we are using, stretching or squeezing, whatever, what it actually means in this particular case is we multiply the lengths of every X segment, we will divide it by this number A. So if number A is greater than 1, it's squeezing. It's less than 1. By absolute way, it's stretching. By the way, here is an interesting point. What happens if it's negative? Let's say it's negative 1. Let's start with this. Well, that's actually very simple because again, if you're original point, let's say you have a graph like this. If you have original point A, B, let's consider that this constant A is equal to minus 1. So in this particular case, A divided by minus 1, which is minus A, B. This point belongs to the graph. Now where is minus A, B? Well, obviously it's a reflection relative to the y-axis. So with this point, we will have this point which belongs to the new graph. With this point, we will have this which belongs to the new graph. This point, which is already on the y-axis, actually stays where it is because x is equal to 0 in this case. So if we multiply it by minus 1, 0 times minus 1 will be 0. So basically the whole graph will reflect relative to the y-axis. So whenever you multiply by a positive number, depending on whether it's greater or less than 1, you're basically squeezing or stretching the graph. But if it's negative, not only you're squeezing or stretching, you're also reflecting the graph relative to the y-axis. And the last, which is obviously similar to all these guys, will be what happens with function if you multiply it. The whole function will be multiplied by A. Again, we start with original. B is equal to function of A. That means that point A, B belongs to the original graph. Obviously, if you take new function, then A, comma, A, B belongs to the new graph. Why? Because if we will substitute A for x, we will have f of A, which is B, times A. So we will have A times B. Now, graphically, how it belongs graphically, if you have a function like this, again, and you have original point A, B, then the same value of argument A will result in stretching. Let's again consider that A is greater than 1, positive number greater than 1, like 2, 3. That means that the function will actually stretch the y-axis, the ordinate by corresponding with like 2, 3, whatever the A is. Instead of this segment, we will have segment which is A times greater, and this point belongs to the new graph. Now, instead of this segment, we will have A times greater, which is this one. So the whole graph will go higher. So every segment is stretched by, let's say, ratio of 2 or 3 or whatever. Now, obviously, if A is positive but less than 1, you are squeezing the graph towards the x-axis. So it will be something like this. And finally, if A is negative, then not only you are, let's start with a minus 1. If it's minus 1, then A comma minus B will be a point on the graph. So if this is a point AB, then A minus B will be here. So basically, the whole graph will reflect this way. Together with this, on the original graph, you will have this on the new graph. Instead of this, you will have this point. So this point is transformed into this, for example. So we are reflecting the graph relative to the x-axis. Now, if it's not just minus 1 but minus, let's say, 2, then it's both a reflection and stretching by 2. And if it's, let's say, minus 1 half, it's reflection and squeezing by the ratio of 2. Okay, that basically concludes all these four cases when we are adding something to an argument or adding something to a function, multiplying something by an argument or multiplying the whole function. If we are adding or subtracting number to an argument or from an argument, that shifts the graph left or right. And if we are edging to the whole function, it moves the graph up or down. Similarly, with multiplication, with multiplication we are squeezing or maybe reflecting relative to the y-axis, the graph along the x-axis. And finally, if we are multiplying by a number of the entire function, we are stretching or squeezing vertically and maybe reflecting as well. So these are four cases I wanted to present in this particular problem number one. Thank you very much.


Okay, hi guys, it's Anthony here Amplify Trading on the floor in London. I thought I would jump on We're not officially due to come back and deliver any of these briefings until Monday the 6th of January However, there has been a significant fundamental development in markets which is influencing multi-asset class at the moment, particularly the price of crude oil on the headline that you can see to the side of me at the moment, which is a top Iranian commander has been killed in a U.S. airstrike on U.S. President Donald Trump's orders. Now what this has led to, if I just transition over to my screens here, is an immediate bid in WTI crude oil, that's the biggest chart in which you can see We've had a big spike in prices overnight where we've rallied from around a 61 mark all the way up to just shy of $64 So a sharp increase in prices overnight and we've held on to that into the European Open this morning So we're trading up in excess of $2 at the moment in WTI crude But that risk atmosphere playing out in the other asset classes, equity index futures lower, the DAX down about 200 The Dow already down about 300 ahead of the U.S. entrance, fixed income futures bid and gold seeing another move to the upside I mean just having a look quickly on gold here at the moment, you can see we're coming up to a really important technical level of long-term significance That being the high we printed in the summer of last year in 2019, really a few dollars short of that in the futures That would put us back to levels not seen since April of 2013 So really big day for gold potentially as well as WTI crude when the U.S. come into market later today So a quick look then at this headline. What does it mean? What exactly has happened? I'll try and give you a bit of a summary of this and a view of what to look out for next because it could potentially be a very interesting day later Dependent on the response that we see particularly from Iran and the significance that it could have with unrest within the Persian Gulf Now what has happened? Well the U.S. have killed General Qasim Soleimani, leader of the Iranian Revolutionary Guards Foreign Wing on a strike in Iraq A statement issued late last night, the U.S. Department of Defense confirmed the killing by the U.S. military in response to the commander's role in attacks on American diplomats and service members in Iraq And throughout the region including his approval of an attack on the U.S. Embassy in Baghdad this week So looking to take action and that event unfolding in the overnight session Analysts believe that Iran without the hope of sanctions relief will likely continue to go to the U.S. with more attacks including attacks on oil infrastructure Now you'll remember this is particularly important because of the way oil prices reacted back in September of last year So before I look at the oil infrastructure of Saudi Arabia, let me just remind you of the price activity here If we move to a daily continuation chart on WTI crude, you can see here this is where we trade at the moment, 63.38 So this is the news that's developed overnight and the pop-in prices that we've had But look exactly where we are now technically We're right at a retest of that top that we printed in mid-September when that reported Iranian drone struck Saudi Aramco's infrastructure Knocking nearly 50% of the total output of one of the world's largest oil producers offline That at the time from the closing price of where we had on the 12th to the reopening of electronic trade on the day of the 16th of September That overall session change was about 15% one of the biggest moves ever seen in a one-time price move in a reopening of trade If you look where we are then really significant at these levels because above this we'd have to go all the way back to really April of 2019 So why was that so important? Well this is the kind of graphic you'll remember me using at the time a few months ago And the reason why I'm bringing this up is what as traders now looking at the crude market you need to be looking for Is what if Iran retaliates could be the targets What are the specific kind of key areas of the oil and gas infrastructure in Saudi Arabia that would carry increased sensitivity for its impact on production in Saudi Because this is how Iran will retaliate Iran's not going to retaliate so much as in directly at the US It's an indirect move against Saudi Arabia given their historical relationship and also the alliance that the Saudis have with the Americans So here then there's three key areas I want to bring to your attention that you need to be looking at Both in today's session and the coming days and weeks The first one here is the Red Sea port which is refineries based in a place called Yanbo Which is here on the left hand side towards the north part of the Red Sea Which would be then the kind of transportation hub for traffic moving from south to north through then servicing the Mediterranean So this is this area here on the left hand side as you can see a cluster of the main refiners here You've got Yanbo, Samref, Razef and so on all leading into then the two main ports here to service that area So that's area number one Area number two then is over here the Safanya oil field Now this area here is right in the hot spot of where the main deposits of crude oil reside within the Persian Gulf This if you think about it around every side of this area is Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Kuwait and Iran Four of the largest oil producing nations on the planet And so this is the real key area of activity for the supply of crude oil So that's the second one Then you've got the world's largest offshore oil field and stabilization towers This is in the Keras oil field which is right here And this is the one of which those reported Iranian drones struck in September that caused that massive pop in crude oil prices So there's three areas here You've got Yanbo in the oil terminal in the Red Sea You've also got Safanya which is the oil field in the Persian Gulf And then you've got slightly inland to the center east part of Saudi Arabia, Keras Which is the main and the largest of the offshore oil field and stabilization towers that Saudi Arabia has And if retargeted, it would have an immediate impact to a sizeable degree of the amount of oil of which Saudi Arabia can produce So if I was a crude trader, what I'd be looking at is I'd have all of those names written down And if you hear any news break on the squawk box or the text headline feed relating to those areas It could have a meaningful and immediate impact on the price of crude oil Now just going back then, a quick look at a few other charts Well let's say we break through and let's say there isn't a development And why are we talking about retaliations? Well, let me just quickly cycle you through what some of the top elite of Iran have been saying in response to this development For one, the supreme leader of Iran has said vows severe retaliation for the killing You've then got the president, Rehani of Iran, saying that the great nation of Iran will take revenge for this heinous crime And then you've got the foreign minister of Iran The US act of international terrorism targeting and assassinating Soleimani, the most effective force dashing Daesh And so on, it's extremely dangerous and a foolish escalation The US bears responsibility for all consequences of its rogue adventurism So again, this is why the markets have got this risk on response to this information It's about an immediate escalation of tensions within the Middle East What's Donald Trump going to say about it? Well, you'll notice one consistent pattern here All the world's modern-day 2020 diplomacy of course done by Twitter What's Trump said overnight? He said nothing other than he tweeted a picture of the American flag So again, obviously the context here, it's an election year We are now in and nothing speaks more to resonate with a lot of the electorate base than being kind of strong and assertive within the Middle East in order to appeal to the public of that disposition So yeah, these are the key things to look out for Quick look at the charts just to wrap up then If we did break above these key levels of the September test we're seeing at the moment I'd be keeping an eye then, this is looking at a daily continuation I'm looking at here effectively the last two years really of price action You can see the overall prevailing high That came in October of 2018 before we had that big You remember global kind of stock market route on the escalation of trade wars The Fed tightening global slowdown That was when that Saudi journalist of course was killed That was that high that we printed up at around 7690 That's a long way off from where we are at the moment Probably looking at about a 15 to 18% plus move to the upside to get up to that point from the current level However as you can see here you've got this area of the April 19 highs Now let's just get a currency indicator so I can see the percentage change From where we are at the moment to get up to that level That high print in April of last year That's about a 5.25% move And a retaliation enough of hitting one of those key infrastructure parts of Saudi Arabia Definitely we can see a retest up and around those levels So by those levels I am talking this kind of area here As marked by the X Depending on what gets hit well then look $70 isn't even out of the question mark We saw how much the market did move 15% in September Could it do the same again? Sure it could If they could get something underway and have as much damage as they did on that prior occasion To really impede Saudi production Given Saudi what the third largest producer of oil on the planet So again key things to look out for here I still remain fairly bullish here on price I guess the key question is on the intraday Technically we've got to get ourselves We've got to see a decent break at the September high then To act potentially as a bit of a platform Do we get the next couple of days with the heightened geopolitical risk A break above, a pull back to the level And then the prevailing move that comes up to then target here In that kind of fashion Elsewhere, gold obviously bid on the back of this kind of flight to quality move With the risk off in markets Gold up 21 bucks already this morning Looking on a daily chart that's also got a key level coming up in close proximity You can see here the September 19 high It's only about 10 bucks in the futures away from the current price at the moment Any break above that? Well look this is a weekly chart Now in gold we've got to go all the way back If we break that previous high that we had in September 19 Then we'd be printing the highest levels since April of 2013 How much gold has risen over the course of the last several months Obviously as the world's turned to central bank easing It's been the predominant factor here But renewed geopolitical risk coming on the table with a technical breach What I'd probably want to be seeing here If we're going to get a test saying the intro day Is a bit more weight coming into US equities Probably got to wait until US participants come into market to see that unfold Anyhow, that is it As I said, we'll be back on the desk delivering our normal market briefings as of Monday But I thought it warranted me jumping on and just saying a few words for this meaningful update We've had in markets and a decent response in reaction So good luck out there and I'll catch you guys on Monday Thanks very much


you're back with the House Judiciary and Government Operations Committee. Uh, we are here considering an amendment to S219 that Legislative Council is going to run through with us right now. So thank you, Bryn. Sure thing. So for the record, Bryn here from Legislative Council. Um, you have an amendment, uh, instances of amendment here to present before third reading. Um, because it's a floor amendment to be offered, has to be offered by an individual or a number of individuals. So Representative Hashim is presenting this amendment. Please let me know if you'd like that to change. So it's three amendments here to your, to the House version of S219. The first is changing, um, that legislative intent section that indicates that the House is committed to working on, um, resituating the Council, the Criminal Justice Training Council, to the jurisdiction of DPS. And so you've changed that to, rather than saying resituating, you're going to say whether or not to resituate the Council into the jurisdiction of DPS. Um, and if you recall, this is directly responsive to the, um, Senate proposal of amendment, which would have struck that section entirely. Um, the second instance of amendment, and the third are both amending Section 8, which is that directive to, um, DPS, to immediately begin the acquisition and deployment, or the way it was in your version was just acquisition of body cameras for the Vermont State Police. So you've made two changes here. These are the exact same changes that the Senate proposal of amendment would have made in, um, the fifth and sixth instance of amendment. So it's really returning to the Senate's version of this section, Section 8. So it, um, what it results in is that sentence will read after the acquisition and deployment of body cameras. And rather than having DPS, come back to the legislature and with a budget proposal for the ongoing costs of operating those body cameras in FY22, that language is returned to the Senate version and they are directed to return in FY21 in August with their budget proposal regarding the ongoing costs of, of those, of body cameras. So it's just those three amendments. Brynn, I'm, I'm sorry. I hate to ask it. Can you repeat part of that? My dog started barking halfway through and, um, because I think somebody pulled into my driveway, but could you just repeat again what you said? Sure. So the, the second and third instance of amendment are the same as the Senate 5th and 6th instance of amendment that you guys just looked at, um, an hour or so ago. So what effectively it does is it returns Section 8. And if everyone remembers, Section 8 is that, um, session law directive to DPS regarding acquiring body cameras for all law enforcement under their authority. And it changes the language so it goes back to the Senate version. So it, um, it will read, the Department of Public Safety shall immediately initiate the acquisition and deployment of video recording devices to comply with the requirements of Section 7. The ongoing costs of the devices that can't be accommodated within the department's budget shall be included in the department's FY21 budget proposal to the General Assembly in August of 2020. And that's it. So any, any questions for Bryn? So I'm, I'm generally confused. I thought we were, we had decided to stick with what we had, but we have, but we now have these three things that we want to go back to the Senate version is that's, that's what we're doing now. And I'm just confused. I'm not trying to throw a wrench in things, but. Right. So they, um, yeah, they had a lot more, um, as we went one or two hours, whatever, um, a lot more instances of upper amendment things that they were offering to us. And basically we're saying, you know, these three changes and that's it. Okay. And, okay. And this is basically just to make the Senate happy so that we'll not be going back and forth. Well, it's, I don't know if it's, if it'll make them happy.  And for that third section, um, that is going, we're changing it to, um, August of 2020. So, and that's the Senate version. That's, um, right. That's when they passed it. That's, that's the language that it, um, that it passed the Senate with. Okay. Oh, I'm sorry. That's just a protocol. Mike Marwicky has a hand up. Thank you, Madam Chair of HGO. I'll notice two chairs here. Um, was that, um, going too deep in this? We, we want to, we feel like this is our last best offer. Okay. Thank you. Uh, Selena has a question. Um, I was just going to note on the, the, I mean, we're changing the date on when they need to come forward and let us know if they think they're going to need some kind of budget appropriation, but that, um, effective date that we've extended out on sections, what in our bill, I believe is section seven about when people will actually be outfitted with video cameras. We're retaining our date there, right? Yeah, we didn't, this, this is it. We didn't change anything else. Yeah. So, I mean, this seems, it seems like we're holding really, really strong here on our proposal. Yeah. It's consistent with the testimony that, that we heard. Not that this has a lot of relevance, but this is the last piece of legislation we need to pass before adjournment or, or recess, correct? That's my understanding. I haven't been on the floor, but I, that's my understanding. Mine as well. It is correct. Let's make sure Nodder has what he needs. Selena, did you have any other questions? You good? No, I was just making sure because the, the, there's the two different August dates that we all understood there was talking about their, their budgetary needs. Absolutely. Barbara's hand was next. So I was thinking, somebody will ask on the floor, what's the purpose of this change? And I wouldn't know how to answer it. And I don't know if Nodder feels like he knows how to answer it, but I'd be curious what's the rush number. I'd love you to hear how you would answer it. I'd be curious what the recommended answer is to that. Me too. Hi, so go ahead Maxine. No, I know it's, it's tricky, but, but we, you know, what we went over earlier was where the Senate was heading and we're coming back with saying, you know, well, this is as far as we'll go. No, I get that. I just don't understand. Procedurally that we didn't have them passed it back. Yeah. No, not even that. Just like what, what's sort of the bottom, like what will be different with these dates? Like what, what difference did we just make? Nothing. Okay. It's okay. So, so I, yeah, okay. We are going with the urgency. We're agreeing with the urgency of, of getting the body cameras out there. That's why we're agreeing with the section eight. I'm not sure exactly what the answer, I mean, the answer, the first one is that we did understand there was a problem with that particular intent statement and we're just essentially softening that intent statement. I think that's, we understand what the Senate wanted and we're trying to make it so this is the last time this is going to be moving one way or another between the bodies. Right. We're clarifying, right. We're clarifying that, for instance, in the intent language that's, that's intent on something, that's a goal, something that we're working on. It's not, you know, absolute done deal. And it's a problem sometimes between intent and there. Yep. Well, it's compromised language. So. It's very patient hand up. Go ahead, Tom. Oh, I'm sorry. I was texting back and forth and I wasn't, I had taken my hearing aid out a little bit. I had my hand up basically because in case I had a question, I got in here late, I was having issues getting into the meeting and so I guess from what I can see, I mean, just to, if you, if you could weigh or, you know, or measure the give and take, I think we did all right. And as far as the third one goes with the date, I mean, it just moves it up and it secures the money. The way I see it, it just secures the money potentially a little sooner. And they have the money. So, right, right. That's your third section, right? Yes. The third section of this, of this document right here, the draft 1.1 from 738. Would either of you chairs entertain a motion? We have one more hand up and we're done with clarifying questions. I think it would make sense for there to be a motion, but we really need to make sure Nodder has what he needs. So, Warren had a question and then we'll go to Nodder. Not a question so much, but just one of the things that I'm aware of, I like to manage. I like him.  He's probably watching right now. So, be sure you say some really nice things. I don't care if Tim hears this. I like the guy. But there's one thing that I don't like about Tim. He loves to play the game. Politics to Tim is a game. And it's always... Guys, let's get back to the rest of the house is waiting for us. If we open up the game playing, he'll play it as long as we want to play it. The rest of the house is waiting for us and we need to make sure Nodder has what he needs in order to present this on the floor. So, go ahead, Nodder. Very quickly, number two, initiate acquisition and insert deployment. What was the reasoning behind that? What huge difference does that make? Spirit of compromise. It goes back to the way they had their language originally and it probably will have no effective impact on the pace at which DPS will deploy the body cams because they are working as fast as they can. I think, too, Nodder, it just provides assurance that they're moving through all the steps. Keyword is initiate, but we're saying like, yes, they're going to acquire them. Yes, they're moving and deploying them. It's the language to provide assurance of their commitment to moving through all the steps. The commissioner said that that was fine when we heard from him most recently. So, Nodder, just one bit of advice, though. This is good to have that information for your back pocket as far as if somebody asks, but I would just say what the amendment is without giving a lot of explanation for why unless you get the question. Because I think at this hour, I would be surprised if anybody asks. So why? It's like being prepared. That's all. Yeah, no, that's right. I'm just saying that's great. I agree with that, but don't offer that unless you ask. I'm good to go then. Thank you. All right. Tom wants to make a motion. Again, because I came in late and if you did it, just tell me you did it and I'll be fine with it. But I was just wondering the madam chairs, a high level view of your take on the negotiations. If overall, I guess you're happy and satisfied and you think they went well. And with that said, I certainly appreciate the work both of you did to get this to where we are. I think the fundamental direction of the bill is intact and that the foundations that were laid in the committee process that we used are being respected here. And I guess I would just recommend to Nodder that he conclude his remarks by pivoting back to the focus of the bill overall, which is still intact with these changes. Great. Thank you. Great. So let's get a motion, I think, to a hands or something. But terms that we find this amendment favorable, the amendment draft number 1.1, 738 PM favorable. Okay, great. I can't see if everybody's here, right? How about does anybody object? Hopefully there'd be a lot fewer. Let's call people because we are missing one, two, three. So we're doing the right thing here, right? That's all I care about, right? Yes. Yes, we are. I think so. This time of night, yeah. I wonder how many people on this screen I trust. So I didn't see if Patrick Seymour said yes. I think I called everybody else yes, and we have nine. Who are we missing besides? I was raising my hand, you just couldn't see it because I don't know if they get it.  We are missing somebody else. Who am I missing that we're missing? Coach. Coach. Just coach, that's 10-0-1. Oh, I didn't count myself. Do we need to have the count for the GovOps on this one? We don't have possession of the bill, do we? Right. No, no. And we don't. If anybody wants to know, I'll be happy to jump in, and why don't you text me your straw poll since we've all been on a text message, but it sounds to me like we're all peaceful with the direction we're heading. I mean, if you want to give it extra credibility, tell them that we agreed, of course. Of course. Barbara has her hand up. Just voting. Okay. Good, good. Nodder, do you have everything you need from us? Yes. Dang. All right. If you find out who they're hiring. 22 behind you. See you guys back on the floor. Do we have a... They're waiting for us to go and meet? Yes. I don't know exactly if they're waiting for us, but they're watching us. Don't go yet, Nodder. Don't go yet. You need to send that to Bill, don't you, to have him email it out to Bill or Rebecca. And with the vote, 10-0-1. Yeah, you do. Is that not right? Or does it have to be... Is Bryn still here? Do we need to have it edited? I don't see that Bryn still here. Yeah. No, thank you, Martin. Thank you. Yeah, the clerk's office definitely needs to get it. So email it to the clerk, to Bill, to Rebecca, and I would copy Mitzi as well. Yeah, okay. Okay. Yeah. And a big thanks to Mike and Andrea for again convening us. Thank you. Thank you, everybody. Problem. Be good, Nodder. Yeah, I'm going to send it to Bill right now. See you back on the floor. Okay.


Going on everyone Sam here with late in sports cards doing a two box mixer for Justin s got one 22 tops chrome update series Baseball and one 23 chronicles draft picks. So we'll start with your 22 tops chrome update Sergio Romo purple Generation now Rylan Bannon I know my god Bobby Whit debut purple Schwabba Shore bomb no off Bobby Whit Jr. Purple Generation now hunter-green purple Josh Donaldson Adam Engel purple People Jose Miranda debut Ramon CJ Abrams Bryce Harper and Mike Levenger purple purple Logan Webb the J rod debut purple how shoreber Carlos Correa Beep boop-boop-bop beep-boop Squidward the robots are taking over the Navy Not the Navy Elliot Ramos purple Alec Thomas debut Wander generation now purple Nick Allen Steven hit the Kwan Purple Richie Palacios Ravioli ravioli give me the formulae Jackson winsky purple Going out again out of control out of control J rod true rookie and a purple Vidal Ruhon debut purple Joe Ryan debut. What are you gonna do now? I don't know. I think I never get this far hunter-green rookie Ray Maltopia to 250 Nice one there on the team purple Jeremy Pena debut Kenzie Gore Jesus Asakar purple Steven Kwan debut I learned a voted is the Sayasizuki Miguel Cabrera and a purple MJ Melendez All right Justin on to your chronicles draft Charmette Bryce young points 400 Luke Musgrove black. There's a Parker Washington to 75 on the spectra Chase Brown will Anderson Archie Manning There's Joe Montana Red Miles Murphy for the bangles and the Clemson Tigers Devon Shane and Derek Henry Jordan Addison nice one there on the jumbo Jersey plates and patches for USC full coverage That is a Stetson Bennett or in not number Anthony Richardson Xavier Hutchinson to 99 Peshon BT Jalen was that Jalen cropper on the impeccable auto cool on there for Fresno State Out of my home's face. There's a Jamar Chase red to 149 Lucas Van Ness and Tony Dorsa. I know right 20 60. They're still making SpongeBob into Simpsons Crystal Otacon red ice sensational auto for the the chiefs now Joe Thysman and Will Leviss to 149 the puny black Zach Evans and Jack Evans There's impeccable Trenton Simpson. Nice one there for the Ravens now He's a Raven second round pick Jordan Addison Ruffin Darnell Washington spectra Will Leviss and a Justin Fields. That'll do it for your break there. Justin. Thanks as always for the support buddy Get them right out to me


My name is Jamie Lathan, and I'm the Dean of Distance Education and Extended Programs at NCSSM. NCSSM, the North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics, is located in Durham, North Carolina, and is the nation's first public residential high school focused on science, technology, engineering, and math. Through a residential campus, online programs, distance education courses, and summer STEM enrichment programs, we challenge and inspire talented students. Part of our mission is to, quote, cultivate engaged citizens who will work for the betterment of the world, end quote. The Ethics and Leadership Conference aligns squarely with that mission. This year, the theme of the conference is artificial intelligence, and we are so grateful for the sponsorship of the Raideen Program for Innovation and Leadership in Artificial Intelligence and AI for Teachers. We are also thankful for the continued support of the Brewhill Family Foundation. And we also thank you for our amazing keynote speakers, Dr. Igor Jablacoff for the morning keynote, and Dr. Phaedra Bonadaris for the afternoon keynote. And thank you to all of our session leaders and presenters. Another quick thank you to the other members of the Ethics and Leadership Planning Committee, my colleagues, Ms. Candice Chambers, Ms. Kendall Higman-Maze, Ms. Charlotte Duncan, and Ms. Key Benton. As a reminder, both keynotes will be recorded and shared out after the conference. If you need anything during the conference, please email us at elcatncssm.edu. Thank you again and welcome. I will now turn it over to Dr. Jablacoff. I'm coming to you from a wicked forest because, like the Simpsons Treehouse of Horrors, this has to be Halloween themed. So, here I am. And here is our presentation. Thank you so much for, especially those of you that are night owls like me. So we're going to be a little bit more fun. Because I'm sure we're as thrilled to do this in the morning as Wednesday Adams was to go to camp Chippewa. So we're going to have some fun with this. So, most people that, you know, talk about their lives and the products that they created and their life's work and what have you, they talk about all of these perfect moments as they create these things. And I'm going to mix it up a bit. There's a Japanese art form known as Kintsugi. And it basically is showing an art form, but also showing all the cracks and all the breaks and things like that. And they actually fill it in with gold in order to make it more compelling in order to show you how difficult it was to repair or create that object. And so in that spirit, I'm going to be sharing some things that you probably never heard of about some of this work, but I'll start with a little bit of a backgrounder. So, I tell my family members, I think I was born in a cave. So, I was born in porous grease. I think it was in a hospital but then they moved me over to the cave so civilized. And so on the left is an actual photograph of a place I grew up. And on the right is is my mother's watercolor of this of this place. My parents were both artists. So from the outset I started in a very creative environment. And then if you actually look right outside the cave what do you see water. And I was always inspired seeing these dolphins, you know, swimming up to my literal home. Right. So that was, you know, pretty special some of you may have, you know, pet cats and dogs and things of that sort. You know, it's pretty cool to have a pet dolphin show up once in a while. And on the left here is is a book that one of my cousins wrote it's a science fiction book. But you know when I would see these, these creatures, I started thinking, what if I could talk to them. That would be pretty cool. You know what if I would talk to them. And so I taught that in the back of my mind as a as a five year old. And we eventually ended up moving to the US. So imagine it's like this in the morning. I'm living in this white former farmhouse in Philadelphia. The next thing you know I'm startled awake.  And because across the street, it there just happened to be a revolutionary war battleground, and they do a recreation once a year, and the red coats and the blue coats were firing cannons and muskets and things like that. And out of coming out of the serene environment with dolphins, you know, you know, being playful right outside my door, as you can tell this was a pretty jarring experience to come to the US and now feel like you're in the middle of a war zone here. And so I was in Philadelphia because my grandparents live there and that's where we lived for spell. And I was inspired by my grandfather as well he was a watchmaker, you know when they came over to the US from Germany. And so you would tinker and repair watches for a living. And really when you think about, you know, stem when you think about the sciences when you think about engineering. For the most part it is a lot of this tinkering and experimentation and so it's not hard for us to see these patterns when when we go into the real world. Now another thing happened. There was, you know, tiny Catholic school in Philadelphia, and once a month. The nuns would walk past my desk and they would look down at my chair, and they would see these little dimes taped to it. Once a month.  And so they would go to the bottom of the chair they finally asked me Igor, why their times taped to the bottom of your chair every month. And I said look, you know, a lot of some of us want to tinker with science and have science experiments and things like that but you don't have enough equipment around here. And so I decided to ask my fellow students to, for all of us to collect our allowances the money that we had once a month, and we would use that money in order to buy some neat little thing in order to run some equipment. Now why is this important. And why is this. Why am I telling you this story under the auspices of a lemonade stand, because a friend of mine who was an Eisenhower fellow wrote this book Steve Welch called we are all born entrepreneurs.  Or collect all of these things some, you're more likely to be fundable by venture capitalist far later in your lives because under the age of 12 you started figuring out how some of this stuff works right in in economies and stuff like that. So that's what was funny about that story. It was funny around the same time I was getting inspired by some of the first, you know, folks that were essentially bringing computing to the masses so to speak so that I could start learning how to use this type of equipment of course, you know, you know, parents, you know, made us go to dance stuff and take art lessons and violin lessons piano lessons and, you know, how to paint and things like that and then also computers were something that were part of our lives. This is actually very similar to the first computer that I had I know it looks very clunky by your standards, and that tape drive I have to say would always eat my basic programs. And that was, you know, I had a very antagonistic relationship with that tape drive because I would put it in there. I would type in my little commands to save my basic programs on it. And it literally was like a monster eating my programs, I could never get it to read back out and I don't know what I was doing, doing wrong, but that was my first computer ever. My mother ended up moving us to Montreal. So it's a similar story to Kamala Harris you may have heard that her mother moved her to Montreal as well. And until years later, my mother didn't admit that she had a choice between taking us to a French school or an ancient school, she dropped us into a French school.  Here's why. Here's why. When my brother and I woke up. The first day that we saw snowfall, we were super excited, super excited. Oh my gosh, we're going to get a snow day. And my stepfather at the time looked at us in a very with a puzzled expression and said, What's a snow day. You have snow days in Canada you have to still go to school. And so we're like what are you talking about. And so we got, we got the clothes like Luke Skywalker on half the ice planet, and pushed out the front door, saying what is this place. And, you know, walking over snow banks I know this is typically the time when people tell you that they walked uphill both ways in the snow, but actually it was pretty true in, in my, in my case, and the kicker was, I would arrive at school and first period was PE, and we had to throw ourselves into a frigid swimming pool. So that was welcome to Canada was what that scene was now because you have very long winners there guess what we get to do more indoor events, it was like cove it all the time. Right where we're stuck indoors. And so you start reading comic books and other types of science fiction and things like that and you start getting fascinated about what if what would happen, what type of life am I going to have. You start playing all sorts of games and board games and video games and things like that and you start to met, you know, thinking of strategies for playing some of these games like diplomacy and risk and strategic and SimCity and and all sorts of different things.  And then, one summer, my parents sent me over to a monastery, why to learn how to work on a farm. So that whole summer I'm there in a monastery. So here I am by candlelight reading a book by Isaac Asimov and I know the Apple TV, plus folks are about to do a movie about this, and the book was called Foundation, and it blew my mind. It blew my mind because I'm like hold on hold on a second. You're telling me I can use math to predict the future. Fantastic. And then, and then I was reading about all of my childhood heroes like Seymour Cray who invented the first supercomputers I'm like, oh my gosh, math can predict the future. And all I have to do is pair it together with these supercomputers. And so that's just started fascinating me like crazy. And it led me to go where. Alright, so it led me to go to Penn State as a nuclear engineering candidate, because I was fascinated hey you know what I'm going to go somewhere where there's a nuclear reactor. You know how fun would that be in our backyard to play with. And so I ended up going there but then I pivoted towards computer engineering because I was really fascinated that if I learned about computers that computers would be a part of anything it didn't matter if I was interested in healthcare or if I was interested in finance if I was interested in nuclear engineering or anything else if I learned about computers. I literally could work on anything that I wanted. And so here's a couple of examples that I did while an undergraduate. So by the way, I didn't I didn't go to any football games or anything else. Instead, I was in a navy lab. You know they were building torpedoes they were building submarines there and I was working on building classified computers for them that the rest of the scientists and engineers use it was called applied AI. Research lab it was it was super fun to work there but of course I'm a dork you know I would find that fascinating. And then the next thing that we worked on that I was thrilled is with JPL NASA Lockheed Martin. They allowed college students to do what build experiments that ended up going on the space shuttle. The next experiment that I was really interested in on is how cosmic rays and radiation affects semiconductors basically all the chips in your iPhones and your play stations and things like that. You know, as, as they leave the protective barrier of the magnetosphere, things start happening and little ones and zeros, you know go chaotic and they start flipping and they cause computer crashes and it was to study. Between unprotected chips and ones that were radiation hard. That was super fun for it to go up. Years later the president of Penn State invited me and insisted that I go to a football game because I didn't do it as an undergraduate. I accepted the invitation because when you go to the president's box, they have a lot of ice cream. Penn State is where Ben and Jerry's got their start making ice cream because of their agriculture schools so even with that I can't do it exactly the correct way. All right so now what happened, you know after undergraduate I joined this company called IBM. I know for all of you, right living in this really cool world of Facebook's and Googles and and in these style companies and apples. So IBM isn't really a company that you think of a lot. But back then, they were the cool kid on the block right because all these other companies that I just mentioned most of them are internet based and that really didn't exist or was just starting out. And so you can think of it as me starting my career there where things were really clunky and still character based. But by the end of my towards the end of my career there, you know, the internet was taking off and and things were certainly a lot more approachable and there were new companies that appeared. Now the real reason though I have to say that I was really inspired to join there is because again, they had an international presence. So I can see how people in many countries use technology, not just, you know, folks in our country, and also because they had a systems view of technologies right hardware and software being put together with networking. And I thought that was important to see how the whole thing work together instead of just the software, or just the hardware. Now, while I was there, while I was there, I started really thinking about speech recognition and remember those dolphins. I'm like, Hey, how am I going to talk to those things. Right. So I got to think about this type of stuff. And so when I was looking at some of the research that we were doing, I kept sending notes over to the speech recognition team.  And so I ended up leading this, this group focused on multimodal research, which is fancy talk for audio and visual together, like when you watch videos it's audio and visual together and I always thought that was, that was really cool and machine translation and things like that. And in 2005, I was quoted in this magazine, hey, a researcher what's one of those things that are going to be possible. And I'm like, well I don't want to use a remote control anymore I should be able to just to talk to my television. That's a form of AI right let's let's talk to this thing. And I was really angry when they plop this American 2025 label on on the top of the magazine, I almost flung that magazine across the room. And talking about I have this thing already in the lab I want to bring it out to everybody else. And so, then I had another idea with the team. We were working on something a secret project with Sony and Toshiba, called the cell architecture, which you now know as the PlayStation three. It seems like a like a lifetime ago right now, all of you are excited for PlayStation fives and then everybody has a four and now this is the three that I'm talking about. Well, I went to them and said hey, can I put a speech recognition engine inside of that and they all laughed. They all laughed they said you know what, nobody's going to put a microphone in their house that's creepy, that's strange. Nobody wants a microphone in their house. And then so the following year I showed up and I said hey, instead of putting the speech recognition on the device in the PlayStation. Let me put it in the cloud. Let me put it in the cloud that way. I can free up the budget on the on the on the PlayStation so that you can have better games, and I will actually give you higher accuracy. They laughed. They said nobody's going to ever use cloud based speech recognition nobody. And then finally in year three I said holy smokes. If we make this cloud based speech recognition not only can I can I understand what people are saying, I can answer any question they have any question they have why is the sky blue. A second later, it could be answered right on their PlayStation. They were laughing it was it was as if milk was shooting out of their nose is there like that's crazy talk you can't answer every question that any human whatever one. So you know what I left. I left. I did a startup. I got investors to join the startup. And then I started my secret project. So here's what it was. I set up a phone. I talked into it, and it posted on Twitter. I was the first Twitter user in North and South Carolina. And I spoke. It's alive right into Twitter. And you know what I spoke on baby Alexa. That's what we ended up building. And so maybe Alexa used to be on these little flip phones, and I would carry or carry them around testing them in different places. I would be in the back of a cocktail party with my family member. And they thought I was crazy talking to myself. And so this is in 2007 that I finally revealed that we were working on this AI assistant to the first ever tech crunch disrupt conference in in Silicon Valley. To show the world what we were working on, but everybody was still scratching their heads saying I don't get it. I'm not sure what this is, you know, how are people going to be going to be using this, but you know who did get it. We started working in secret with Apple before they acquired Siri, and they started experimenting about how this AI would start affecting people in mobile. And we were also invited behind the scenes there was a group in Hollywood of producers of directors and writers of these TV shows and movies and movies that you may know. And they started saying hey, start telling us about this AI thing in the future and how it's, it's, it's, it's going to roll out because that way we look smart and we when we write our movies and things of that sort. It can look like we predicted the future. And at the same time, we can get the world ready for the things that you're creating. And so that was, you know, really, really fun to do that with them very creative people. And really being thoughtful about both preparing an audience for these technologies, and at the same time giving feedback in terms of what the best experience would be. This thing you know, you know, was, you know, we tried getting it on blackberries remember that that's a company that nearly went out of business and pop pilots we tried putting up there. And then, like a sopranos ending we disappeared. We disappeared and nobody knew what happened. So many people started coming up to me and saying what happened. You know I was using your products I downloaded it from the app store and then you just disappeared. You know what happened, because we weren't allowed to say what happened. Why, because a new secret project started being worked on. And now you know that as the Amazon Echo. So my r&d team at the time, they went in Google tried to acquire a company as well, and they worked many years in order to deliver this thing that that now lives in in probably 100 million kitchens answering this is sports news, and, and, and triggering music and things of that sort. So the things that people were telling me that would be impossible, all ended up happening. And guess what Alexa was born in North Carolina. So that's, you know, when I look at what Charlotte is doing and what your school is doing as well it's pretty special to know that one of the biggest things in in artificial intelligence over the years on the whole planet was invented right here in North Carolina. That's not so bad. Right. You know for for a nice story here. And sure IBM eventually caught up as well and, and, and did the thing that I wanted them to do. And they won the Jeopardy match with their Watson supercomputer that some of my team members worked on as well. So, that's, that's, that's the start of my journey. Now, what, what ended up happening. So you had the proliferation of artificial intelligence and everybody's homes and all sorts of devices right you had home pods and you had Google assistance and big speed speakers and all of these types of things that you would use at home for all of the things that you use them for. Yeah, I started getting worried. Right. And I'm like, Hmm. You know, what's the privacy implications of this can people do confidential work on the on these platforms how would they start using them that work you can't really use them the way that they are today just like honestly, the first was a toy, for the most part it didn't meet in entertainment, but it didn't do a lot of the things that people needed to happen at work. And so they're a took a number of years before Apple built those things up, even things that you consider gaming, right so a lot of technologies get invented for gaming, and then they eventually come to work so the very same things that are inside of your play stations and your Xbox is known as GPUs or graphical processing units are the same same chips that we use in industry to find drugs and vaccines and things like that for the coronavirus it's a very same processors right so I started thinking about what would it look like when if these things came to work. And that's how I founded this company, Brian. Now Brian is a misspelling of the prion protein. It was the codename of the of the engine that became Alexa. And so we decided to reuse it for the new company as an in joke. Where did it come from. Well, in artificial intelligence there's the concept of reinforcement learning. And this is where the AI eats its, its own output I know it sounds like a very creepy Hollywood, a Halloween style thing, ooh, you know the creature is eating its, its own output. And so the way that mad cow disease happens is unfortunately the cows are eating bits of previous cows, right that expired already that passed away. It causes the disease. And so our R&D team that don't actually get out all that often decided to name engine prion after the protein because the with machine learning, the AI was eating its own output. It's kind of sick, I know. All right, so now I'm on the same journey again to say all right with natural language with speaking, right with with all of this stuff. Can I get access to everything, literally, the totality of content out there. For instance, you know if you had to read the book Frankenstein, you know, already I read the book Frankenstein for you in a few seconds. You know, in a minute, you know, a book that I would typically take me all weekend to read it could read in a minute. Right so that's a fantastical. But you know there's still a lot of value in terms of who we are as people and by the way Amazon finally admitted that they acquired us. It took many years for them to admit that the stuff came from you know companies like ours there's many startups that are acquired in secret. Like Google by Facebook by Amazon by Apple that they don't particularly admit to until until years later or sometimes never. And so that's the journey that we're on. So now, let's, let's think about how these things are depicted in in popular culture. So how do they intercept with ethics right which is the topic that that you all are keen on and you'll be working on, you know through the rest of the day. Alright so how is AI, you know typically viewed by the mass market by by normal people. Okay, well, Isaac Asimov wrote this book called I robot right and so it talked about, you know as we build these robots and they start having a consciousness and sentience. What are some of the laws that that these robots are going to be governed by and those laws are basically the equivalent of AI ethics, right that they can't do harm to people and they can. They can't allow harm to happen so on and so forth. Right so there was a three laws of robotics, and funny enough, I mean there. What's what's really wonderful about art in general right and especially this form of writing is the fact that many AI practitioners, you know people that are in the field scientists and engineers and things like that, are still inspired by this thing that came out of fiction. Right, they're still inspired by the rules that as a cause him off was exploring in his in his works and I robot. Then the next book that came out by by Herbert here Frank Herbert was doing right and so there's a movie coming up for for that now what's interesting about this, instead of saying hey you know we're making robots and they're doing smart things but they're governed by laws in this depiction of artificial intelligence they basically said, oops, something really bad happened in the galaxy, because of an AI, and now AI is completely banned and smart computers are completely banned from this world. So that's a negative depiction of AI, because they felt like it was absolutely uncontrollable and taboo, and nobody should should study it. Then the next book that came out with our sir C Clarks 2001 and they had this infamous character, a very cold calculating AI called how. And how, if you actually look at the letters, h a l are IBM just shifted over because IBM at that time was the dominant computer company on the other entire planet. And so this is an example of a malevolent force, you know, driving that story line as well, very mysterious. Then, then you had things like Tron, you know, which is, you know, pretty interesting this is where I think some of the directors cut digitized and added into into this surreal, you know, cityscape inside of a computer where they had to do battle with a master control program which was pretty fun. And then, after that that was in the 80s right so when that came out first by Disney. And then there was a one called war games. So war games was was pretty interesting there was a super computer called whopper that was in charge of of of America's defense network. And it, and it, I think lost its mind in some ways, and started thinking that the game that it was playing with with a teenager at home. An old style computer probably similar to the to my first computer as well as they were first network through phone lines. It started thinking that that was a serious thing and not a game and it and it started accelerating the pace of antagonizing the national security apparatus and potentially misfiring nuclear weapons so that's kind of scary to hear about while you're a kid still during the Cold War. And then of course, we have skynet right that that you know is typically depicted as just the ultimate evil it gets developed similar to the whopper computer and war games and of course it just goes haywire and starts making terminators, then you have more abstract themes like alright if these AIs are all powerful, then are we just inside of this matrix. So, are we just these little green characters inside of these screens, and then you know what it what does it mean for us to be conscious, right and so you have a lot of people thinking through that as well I would think that's, that's pretty funny, as well.  I'm not sure what the purpose of view of you is. And look, that was a lot to go through. That was a lot to go through. Why can't it just be like kit, right, a cool car that talks, helps fight crime. You know, this is similar to the Teslas that we now see driving up and down the roads and stuff like that. And I have to say ultimately, when you see the majority of those depictions of AI and ethics in in pop culture references. You know what the reality is is you control it. You know, AI doesn't control you you're actually going to control it right you're going to control the outcome of how this stuff plays out, but you have to be responsible with your use of technology right so no cyber bullying and things like that. You're not going to have to have higher expectations, you know from people like me that that build tech companies to make sure that we are developing these things. You know to be helpful, and not to harm people and not to hurt people and things of that sort so, you know, if you use social media use it for good. Right. You know, don't use it for negative purposes and really think about, you know, what happens when you share these things out. Now when I say social media you're like what does that have to do with with artificial intelligence. Well, when you're playing a tick tock. How do you think things get recommended to you to watch next, when you're on YouTube. How do things get recommended to you to watch next. When you go to Facebook right and you see these articles appearing in front of your new stream maybe things from your friends and your family members and things of that sort. There's a recommendation algorithm that's putting that in front of you when you open up the Amazon.com website, and they're saying hey based on things that you've purchased in the past. Here's some new games or some new books or some new music that you may like as well. AI has been a hidden part of a lot of these consumer experiences already. And so there's a lot of discussion about you know how those algorithms work and and how do they get leverage for, you know, for good things like Facebook a long while ago, you know, got in trouble because they were ab testing with students like you, where for half of you they would show bad news in your feed. And for the other half they would show bad news. Well what happens if you see a lot of bad news you don't feel very good. You know that particular day. And so, just because we have the power to recommend certain things or use AI for certain things. You know we have to use it for good things, like what, like helping somebody like Brooke Allison, you know Brooke Allison. When she was 11 years old, got into a car accident and became a quadriplegic, even though she was affected that way. Thankfully, she, she was growing up during the, the time that we had more access to technology she reached out to me, very a lot of people in our field that worked on things like speech recognition, because she was still able to graduate as the first handicap person to receive a diploma from the Ivy League. Now she's a, she's a professor at Stony Brook University, a fantastic evangelist for for the use of technologies to aid people that are handicapped, and look at all the fantastic things that she's been able to do. She was able to backfill and have her abilities, essentially reinforced through the use of technology in artificial intelligence. That is a fantastic use of technology for accessibility. Many of us actually, if you think about how we got started with some of these technologies. There's things we wanted to do. We actually wanted to help people that were deaf and blind, you know, to be able to still access the internet. My team at IBM was the first one that ever made a speech enabled web browser, and my chief scientist at the time that now works at Google was blind. And he said that his seeing eye dog was the only business style person that he actually liked his name was Hubble. You know, that's a good use of technology. And so a lot of the negative uses of AI that you hear nowadays and many ways are unintended consequences. So anytime there's a new technology, you know, people like me are in some ways very innocently start adopting it and create products for it. When you hit some mass market, you start seeing some, some people figuring out some bad uses of some of these technologies and that's normal for for absolutely anything that gets created. And then you need the academic environment or essentially schools to give us guidance and and the good uses of these technologies. All of you as students and as consumers of these technologies, big tech companies, startups and even government agencies that need to figure out the right way of policing some of these things to make sure that they're mostly used for good and for thoughtful things. And, and I have to say, like, like one or two slides before you're controlling this outcome. You're literally control the outcome and you know how you do it. First, figure out how it all works. Remember that picture that I had of the clockwork, right and looking at my grandfather hunched over these. These these things. It all looks complicated. Right, but look at the things that you know today versus last year versus the year before versus the year before versus year before. Can you even imagine what you're going to know 10 years from now I know it seems like, you know, looking looking into a vision of Star Trek right it's it's hard to even imagine that.  A lot of these things are art and science blended together. I was always thrilled with speech recognition because it's the most natural way of interacting with a computer. And by the way I'll tell you another secret. It's a really good speech recognition, because I don't know how to type, I type with two fingers. If I had to write an essay like you would have to write it would, you know, take me a week, you know, to type one page. It's the most ludicrous thing that I learned. I would have wish that I learned way back when. So, the future 1020 30 years in the future is going to have these fantastical things that you're going to be creating called quantum computers that are going to be closer mimics of the way that our brains work. And so, a lot of the things, right whether it's discovering new, new types of treatments and drugs and things like that are new new styles of games or new stars of AI that can help people right. All new types of security all of these things new types of cars that can see everywhere and react to changing conditions. It's going to be amazing right now there's still just like the old mainframes of a long time ago. These things are going to be really really big and they're going to get bigger and they're going to get bigger and they're going to be so expensive so expensive so expensive. It's going to happen in your lifetime you know then what's going to happen. It's just like Bill Gates and Steve jobs of a long time ago. They'll eventually get get democratized they'll get smaller and smaller and smaller and smaller and smaller and you'll eventually have a quantum computer right in the palm of your hand doing all sorts of crazy things, or it'll be on your face, you know on a set of glasses or it'll be in a watch. You can carry anywhere. So you know that's that's the future in front of us and so the use cases that are that this is going to drive the skies the limit. And you know what if you're sitting there saying hey I eventually need to talk to my guidance counselor. I'm not sure the type of job that I'm going to have in the future or whether I'm going to go into academia or start a startup or, or trying to pick company. What type of job am I going to have 10 years from now 20 years from now 30 years from now. I'm going to tell you a secret that that that many grown ups won't tell you. We don't know what's coming. Not completely we have hints of it, especially some of us that work in tech. Remember, when I wanted to talk to my television 10 years before the fire TV came out. We have a pretty good grasp on what the world is going to look like in five or 10 years time. After that, things start getting hazy. This is where people like me start reading science fiction, in order to get inspired or comic books or games or the idea of a various form in order to start getting inspirations and start experimenting with certain things. The jobs that all of you will eventually end up with, or even, you know, be a midpoint of their career, your career like me, or towards the tail end. They may not even exist yet. No, I know that's true, because my job didn't exist during my parents time, my job didn't exist during my grandparents time or my great grandparents, they had no idea. What is a social media coordinator to to one of our grandparents that didn't exist until you had social media technologies right that you know that's just, you know, one, one particular example, who needs an AI person, if there's no chips for us to run experiments on. Who needs that right who needs a computer vision person without cameras. Right, so certain technologies need to be developed and put out in market before you know you can do your things. Now, I think one of the most important things you can do though, in order to start your journey is start wrapping your minds around some internships, you know there's certainly internships you can do now as high school students and I know it's a lot challenging now because of the pandemic but you can do a lot of these virtually. And then later, there are certain types of internships that are STEM orientation, you don't have to, you know, focus on government service like I have here. You know just, you know, think through, you know companies the IBM's the Facebook's the Microsoft's the Google's the apples, the Amazon's, you know, the different universities that that you be that you can be going to the different government agencies whether it's state level local or at the federal level, international organizations, NGOs, nonprofits, there's so many different places you can go with your skills.  You know, do all of these things volunteer, do all of these things because they actually help enriched and build your sense of intuition about where you would, you would go, and then be a voracious reader. You know beyond many of the science fiction works that I talked about that inspired me as well whether it's, you know reading foundation by candlelight, which was very surreal can you imagine, you know, being in a monastery, but you know, and them not having electricity, and I'm reading this book by candlelight yes there used to be physical books it wasn't all kindles and things like that back then some flipping through the pages, reading about this fantastical future of machines and mathematics predicting the future, which we now have. Right, so we have many of these things that can predict certain things. So, beyond the science fiction, there's a great book called T minus AI by Michael Kanan who is the chairperson of artificial intelligence at the US Air Force. It's a great book, it's like that old school connections show that the BBC had way back when it shows you the origins of literally from primarily is I kid you not, Michael starts his book talking about goo in dinosaurs and things of that sort and then connecting it to the modern day with all of this new fangled AI and chips and software and things of that sort and how it's used, you know, in medicine and many other fields. Another book is the third wave, this is by Steve case. He founded a well way way back when, which was the Google of its time. And he talks about how the next wave is going to be taking many traditional industries, whether it's agriculture, whether it's heavy industries healthcare and things like that, and bringing the technology to them in order to reinvent themselves to make it more efficient, and that people will be happier in those jobs as well. And then lastly, as I already mentioned before Steve Welch wrote this book that we're all born entrepreneurs. I don't have a monopoly on on making Alexis. Right. Nobody does. Right. And so when you actually read a book like that it basically allows you to see that there's many, many different forms of entrepreneurship. And even in the in the in the educators that you are super lucky by the way to cross path with somebody like Charlotte. For example, the fact that, you know, you're even hearing this lecture, right and it's not a lecture and hopefully it was a little bit more fun than that but the fact that you're even hearing this means they're being entrepreneurial about the types of ideas that that they're allowing you to cross paths with and the fact that they're listening to you about the things that are important to you and the things that you would want to hear, you know, for the rest of today as well. That's entrepreneurial. Just doing it, you know, you know, selling books as entrepreneur working at Chick-fil-A is entrepreneurial, you know, volunteering somewhere and helping a nonprofit figure figuring things out is entrepreneurial as well. So in any event, that's, that's my story. I'd love to open it up to any questions. If you, if you have any. I do have the question. Okay. I'm a little bit echoey. So we have a question from Linda Keys and she asks, how did you keep going after all of those rejections when people were telling you your ideas wouldn't work and that no one would like it. Okay, that that is an absolute great question. It gets to the foundation of what an entrepreneur does. I learned because I grew because I had great mentors around me because I knew my subject matter, right, and because I had a gut feeling. It's like a spidey sense right I had an intuition that even though really smart people were telling me I don't think it's going to work. I don't think it's going to work. I remember having this meeting with an executive at Verizon, and who was supposedly really really smart. You know, about how this stuff would be used on phones, and he said I don't get it, and he passed he didn't invest in us. And I remember walking away from that meeting with lead feet, practically like Frankenstein I was probably, you know, moving side to side and groaning, like like Frankenstein did, and I finally shrugged it off by the time I got to my car and said you know what, I see it. I'm sorry that he doesn't see it I'm sorry geek I was hockey when I went and gave that talk in Silicon Valley didn't see it I'm sorry many investors didn't see it some people that I tried to hire didn't see it. I just, you know, I just felt like the right thing that the world would need would need this. And so that's why a lot of times when I meet people that are thinking about doing their own startups, including the guy who did the Carolina Reaper hot pepper he crossed paths with me. And he's like I'm thinking about leaving my job at Wells Fargo what do you think I'm really passionate about hot peppers. What should I do. And I'm like, don't ask me.  Go for go for it. Nobody else can plant that that that idea inside of you. And so if you if you really are sure about what you're doing. I think you do take a lots of input and you try to get smart about asking for feedback around you, but you just keep going and you know what I remember a lot of knows. I remember many years ago I crossed paths with will I am the musician, and we were both laughing, we were both laughing about how many knows he received, right and how nobody knew who he was, you know, playing sick in the back of sleepy bars or smoky bars or things of that sort and he's like I'm a quote unquote overnight sensation wearing wearing my funny hats and doing all the things that I do. And yet, who was there and and all the naysayers when when I was, you know, doing the hard work, a lot of these things that you think are overnight successes with really successful people were exactly that. So nobody knows lots and lots and lots and lots and a countless knows hundreds, maybe thousands of them, but we were sure about the things that we were creating whether it's art or science. Thank you I think we have time for one more question, and that is, if you do have that great idea what is the process like for getting investors for your product, when no one seems to think it'll be feasible. Investors are earned right I think investors are earned it's a lot of networking. The biggest thing that I can tell you is, is to find a mentor in somebody that's already done that. You know, I was, I was very fortunate that even in the last company that I was able to cross paths with an angel investor, who was a senior executive at a company, a wireless tower company at the time and now he's the CEO of of a carrier, and the fact that he's done it before, and he said, you know do step a step B, a B and C, I didn't know those steps. Right and so the fact that I could be mentored by somebody that's already done it before. That's probably the most important thing I can tell you is find somebody that's done it before because somebody inevitably has done it before you have, you bring the subject matter expertise and your new idea, and they can help you fill in the blanks like what lawyers do I need what accountants do I need what engineers do I need what scientists do I need how do I deal with patents and trademarks and, and, and cybersecurity and how do I get customers and partners all of these things. It sounds complicated, but guess what, even when this company started I was by myself, one person, and then I hired a lawyer, and then I hired an accountant and then, and then, and then these fantastic engineers joined us on on our journey as well. And now you know it's a much bigger company with with many fantastic people working here, but it really sometimes just starts with one person. Thank you for being here today you know we've really appreciated you, I hear the virtual applause coming all around. And if someone wanted to be in touch. Is there a way that they should do that. Yeah, they can find me on Twitter or LinkedIn, happy to talk to anybody and point them in the right direction.


Shea Bear 1000 here listen Poo Bear and I was kind of doing a little running around exploring today a little bit looking for houses and What not also houses to rent or buy but anyway, we'll come across a couple of yard sales and first when I come across I found this neat Lawmower push mother. I haven't seen one in years. I remember my grandmother had one when I was eight nine years old And I remember this thing. It's really cool. It's called a Curtis. It has a Clinton engine on it Now I'm going to do a little video First thing I'm gonna do is change oil, of course check the car make sure there's no dirt in it The gas has been drained out of it. So it's pretty clean in there, but still just to check. I bought a new plug I'm gonna do those things and we're gonna see if we can get it running, but Anyway, there's a channel on YouTube 805 Road King Hope you don't mind me mentioning your name buddy, but I check him out him and a guy named Mike He has his own channel To but I'm not sure what his channel is, but I am subscribed to him as well for the gear heads These guys are awesome. They do some awesome crap on them I mean, it's just amazing the things they do in this guy's garage So a road king this also for you and if you know any insight on this because I'll show you something so For road king I Know you've probably seen these many times I'm gonna need that air cleaner there and of course the muffler is nothing, but If you know of anybody or any good place I can get one online Please let me know I'd like to get a get a hold of that the muffler is no big deal, of course But this is what it is YouTube It's the Curtis manufacturing Company from Muncie, Indiana, which I'm not real far away from there actually where I live right now in Ohio It's a 21 inch and it has a Clinton engine on it, which is a Three and a half horsepower cast it's got a cast on our saves three and a half horsepower now. I do have the The handle here and what's neat is I'll show you here after a bit I had to take the handle off put it back to be like but the handle goes on here and When you get to the end of a row when you're mowing And you get to the end of a row You don't have to turn a whole mower around the handle just flips back So I'll show that to you here a little bit also and there's the I I believe this to be all original and There's serial number and model number and and all that stuff on there and And I you know gives you the 30 weight oil in the summer and 20 weight in winter Things of that nature. I do not see a Date on it, so I'm not sure if someone who can roughly date this for me. I Would really appreciate that now this I am not going to restore I'm going to get it running. I think it's really cool And as you see I'm almost positive that is original paint aluminum deck a spark plug was in it But I pulled the plug out when I went to the parts store to get a new plug for it what you did have spark, but We'll go ahead and put a new plug in it I'm not sure if these wheels are original, but these older wheels Had bearings in them and these do have bearings in them and these old motors for for those of you that don't know This is how you adjusted the wheels You actually had to take the wheel off and adjust the height of your deck of your motor deck the height of how much it would cut Or how high and how low it would cut Nowadays you guys seen them. They got them little levers and quick release, you know, but I'm this is what what is really cool about this Who better want to give me Some gas and for when I get ready to do this actually cranks up And if you can see right there that Once cranked you flip this back down this little catch right here goes right in that notch and then you push it down And that's how it would crank over it did not pull start and I remember my grandmother have one in for years When I was little but enough with the boring stuff So I'll get back to you as soon as I get the oil out of here and changed and Maybe we'll we'll get it running, but like I said, it's got spark right now So I know because I got bit so I want to go ahead and check the carburetor and Which is right under here? Turn light on for you That helps. I don't know you see it. That's the that's the bowl of the carburetor down under there So I'm gonna check it make sure there's no gunk in there So I'll get back with you here in a few minutes YouTube. Hi YouTube. I'm back Okay, we got this upside down And I told you I was gonna check the carburetor out. I didn't see any reason in pulling it off because There's the float and I pulled the bowl off now. Here's the bowl. I Have not cleaned that and Poop bearer wasn't here to videotape this for me But so I just went ahead and pulled that off But as you can see there was like right in the corner a little bit of dust Other than that, that's what you see now also what is really cool about this This is really neat that I haven't seen one of these in a long time either I don't know if the camera's gonna pick it up, but I'll try to get down in here for you I got the light on right here This is an adjustable float and for those of you that don't know this float This is when your gas goes in it comes up and shuts the gas off. So it doesn't fly out. This is an adjustable float I haven't seen one of these in a long time you adjust that to wherever you need it instead of bending the little tab Now the gear heads know what I'm talking about But the little tab you bend and that's how you adjusted it. This is how you just and on here You just turn that little bolt awesome. This this thing is just freaking cool, man. I mean You know Pooh bearer knows me. She was like When I loaded it she was like Are you gonna paint it? She do better.  No, she's starting to use on set. No because if it's original paint I just want to leave it like it is like I said earlier these are these wheels are bearing and they're steel They're all plastic anymore, but look at that thing that thing I'm sitting spent for five minutes But I wanted to show you the carburetor. That's awesome. How clean it is We're gonna go ahead and get the oil changed There's the underneath. I didn't touch anything but other one other than do that There's the blade Which is not bad for the for the year this thing's been sharpening a few times, but it's not bent and there's no there's no movement in the In the bearings Does that spark and it's just this thing is really really cool so anyway so there's that I'm gonna go ahead and drain the oil out put some oil in it and I will videotape this When we try to start it for the very first time and I'm not I'm not going to E through it or anything like that I'm just gonna we're just gonna try to start it. So we're gonna see what happens So next time you see it, it'll be it's made and running like 20 years Hopefully, and if it don't We'll just keep trying so There we go be right back with you to me again who bears behind the camera. Hi everybody, okay now what we did on this is We Had to get in the fuel line because the old fuel line is Was a potential leak So I told Poo Bear we need a 5-6 Teens inside diameter line and she wouldn't got me one now. Yeah, the other thing they had Was a bigger outside diameter, but she got the right side on the inside diameter So this is fine for now because that's all we had where we're at. So she did a great job Thank you Poo. You're welcome. And Like I said, it had spark I took the top off and we cleaned the points and the coil Now in order they're probably wondering what this is doing here. Now.  I used this as a hammer Now they make a tool to get the flywheel off of these things It's called a flywheel puller for those of you that are kind of gear heads, but not really I don't recommend using that but Road King and Mike, you know what I'm talking about why I used that to get that flywheel That's all I'm gonna say because you're not supposed to and you shouldn't and I highly recommend you don't use that but anyway, we cleaned the points and by the way, it took one tap came right off we cleaned the points and Put all back together and I spun the flywheel And I could feel spark it was zapping the hell out of me But the new plug that I bought that I told you guys about a few minutes ago Wouldn't spark it. So I got the old plug and plug it on there and Turn it it sparked every time. So I got a bad brand new plug But this is our maiden run here and let's see if it's going to run and I'll show you how Who there's a chair there, I know I'll show you how we start this you got the this in here pretty good Mm-hmm. Now. This is the first time. We'll make sure we got a choke. Let's see what happens. I don't know But let's find out Hot damn, that's a good sign I don't know how long it's been without running what 20 years. I don't know it's


what is this? I'm not even doing anything. I'm just sitting here. I'm just sitting in this guy. DJ Matt, hate that Hassan. Hey, I'm not even talking and you're throwing me into this. Look, listen, just let them do the show. You know what, eight months sub.  You know what, perma, get out of here. Hassan, actually, people don't know this. He bought a $3.5 million house in Austin, Texas. That's okay. I have to clarify. I did not buy a $3.5 million. That's what was reported, but that's not true.  One, I would not buy a house in Austin, Texas, that terrible, terrible Republican hellhole.