Okay, good afternoon. Hope you're enjoying the day so far So I'm here. I don't like being behind the desk, but I don't have much of a choice I'm here to talk about it to you about OpenShift at Amadeus. So this is an adventure that started a couple of years back now for us in 2014 in fact and So I'll talk about a little bit about what we do our needs bit where we're at and I'll also talk then about one of the aspects that's being worked on that We're pushing for a bit and that is of interest to us therefore So we're a technology company. We provide technology solutions to the travel industry. So we're Helping content providers content operators content distributors All link up Maybe for instance, we take airline availability and make it available to to travel agents online travel agents and we also Focus on the traveler experience. In fact, that's central to to what we do from inspiration through search purchase During the trip finding a hotel Recovering your lost luggage after the trip things like that Yeah, not just the pleasant stuff So a few technical figures we handled last year about five hundred and sixty six million Bookings boarded seven hundred and forty seven million passengers in fact, we also Acquired a few years back a company called Navitaire and so that figure is excluding their passengers boarded as well With theirs it goes up above a billion We host a hundred and thirty airline inventories that means that basically the Inventory saying how many seats are available on a given plane and things like that at a given time are hosted in our systems and We handle about 50,000 and user queries per second and our enterprise service bus peaks now at over 500,000 queries per second that was the figure for last year So we have a couple of constraints in terms of the types of data objects that we handle we have Reservation records you may have heard of the the PNR the passenger name record There are other more modern name structured booking record and things like that I already mentioned the the inventories content provider inventories so airline inventories rail inventories things like that these are objects which of course we need to handle in Consistent manners. We don't want double bookings in a hotel For instance, you don't want to find up at the hotel finding that someone else already has your room All that kind of thing so we need fairly high consistency and we need Sort of transactional mechanisms and we need no response times because of course people don't like to wait the usual the usual thing so in 2014 we Came to realize through various reasons there was a bit of a buildup to this But we realized that we needed to go start working on a new platform for our applications Historically we had a system like a lot of folks where we have Thousands of physical servers running many many different applications serving many thousands of different services and On different channels can be where they can be more traditional Traditional or legacy. I don't know host to host and things like that and We were now in a position where well, we want still to continue growing We want to expand we need to control costs We also have We were operating mainly out of one data center in Germany So for customers around the world that means that you can't beat the feast the speed of light You have some latency that is there embedded in the physics Of your your placement, so we wanted to get closer to our customers We also had requirements to maybe install our our applications on customer premises So that meant also knowing how to remote remote operate We were also seeing a lot of disruption in the travel industry model It previously you may be seeing 10 to 1 look to book ratios on on airline And now we're looking more at things like 10,000 to 1 or I don't know 100,000 to 1 There are lots of different figures flying around but the the whole internet age and mobile and things like that has changed changed the The way things work an awful lot So this basically led us to Okay, a new platform also the realization that we would need to be Capable of working on hybrid cloud so working with public cloud providers, but also on-premise private cloud and We also realized that we wanted something which was beyond mere infrastructure as a service allocating a virtual machine Through through code is one thing but in fact for the developer experience but also the operator experience in terms of simplification and De-coupling the actions and what different people have to manage We couldn't simply just say okay We we go for infrastructure as a service and allocate VMs you get your VMs and you have to administrate your VMs as developers and Manage the software on there all that kind of thing so We saw that we wanted something above that and that brought us to the platform as a service We also knew that we wanted something that was more akin to You have a workload and you throw it at the system and it figures out where to run things all by itself depending on the resources available and how much your workload is going to consume We also There's okay, I mean there's an awful lot of problems that you have to deal with which is testing You simply can't test all the configurations It's not possible or when you do a software load for instance You know perfectly well that there are going to be different versions of different software running simultaneously and That you can't have pure atomic switches between a combination of software levels of your different components So, okay, I won't talk too much about this slide this slide I think should be known to most people now I mean containers docker kubernetes OpenShift what we developed on top is what we call Amadeus cloud services, which is our internal product our internal pass built mainly on OpenShift and Which basically its existence is there to fill the gaps so typical example OpenShift kubernetes are not yet suited to running databases and So we needed to also manage the data storage part as part of our pass and provide that to to our end users There was also When we started using OpenShift there wasn't Monitoring as part of OpenShift and so we developed a solution of our own a Lot of this we intend to see it go to the left over time and it's already started There are things that we were doing in ACS in our Amadeus cloud services Which we've got rid of because they've now been implemented in OpenShift one of the Examples that I like because I actually coded the awful work around back in the beginning was that you had to Open the ports in IP tables for your services to to be able to reach the pods on your on your OpenShift nodes and since 3.2 that is now done by OpenShift Automatically, so my code went the way of the bin and I'm very happy with that The more that happens the happier I am so Today we have several projects in the pipe. We have a hotel CRS customer reservation system Which will be serving out of the United States Soon We have in production Amadeus airline cloud availability, which is running on several regions on public cloud providers So throughout the world we have deployments in Europe in Asia in the United States and We're really to see happy to see that serving low latency Well, yeah fairly low latency. It's to the order of 200 milliseconds. I think or less requests for airline Availability and we're running this so this is a this is for four clusters on Asia Europe and United States. We actually have a lot more of them running and They're serving very happily several thousand transactions per second and that's working really well and our operations folks are very happy with that Now coming to where we want to go. There are lots of OpenShift evolutions that we're interested in One that I will focus on a little bit more is stateful sets that Clayton already mentioned this morning We're also interested in following the monitoring aspect because as I mentioned we implemented a monitoring stack of our own but we're interested in seeing where OpenShift is going and possibly moving to that We are Fairly obvious reasons because I mentioned that we've got lots of a number of clusters already worldwide Running Amadeus online cloud availability. We're interested in cluster federation to give a Single view and a single way a single point of entry for administering multiple clusters. Oh Self-hosting that's actually I'm interested in not the rest so by self-hosting. I mean that There's a line of thought where Kubernetes Can in fact run Kubernetes inside itself? And so your your masters are containers that are scheduled by the other masters and things like that So I'm just interested in that because I like the brain surgery aspect So then also we're interested in the Sophisticated scheduling aspects. So this is Rescheduling for instance when the system sees that there are things that are interfering with each other in bad ways Maybe a node is kind of limited Maybe you have a lot of fragmentation and you want to undo the fragmentation across the system One aspect that we've really very much interested in in an immediate way is the third-party Resources and aggregated servers aspects. We see quite a lot of use cases for third-party resources So that's basically the idea that you can extend open shift and Kubernetes to include an integrate functionality of your own and we for instance, so there's a Guy I work with who's been working on a redis cluster operator Type of object so that a redis cluster can be managed sort of natively inside open shift So to date we've done that using config maps But we'd actually like to use third-party resources to give a more fluid integration And we have a couple of other use cases for that and then the next level up of that is to actually have it available through a service catalog So some of you are paying attention. Maybe notice that poor Marie this morning was talking about service catalog because he's one of the Leads on that final point security always very important One of the things that we've had to deal with is encryption of secrets. So at the moment we have a Solution, but it's not it's not very it's not a well integrated solution and so we're following closely as well the the progress and the design on the Encryption at rest and other aspects of secrets that are going on at the moment and Then fine-grained network access control as well So I'll just talk a little bit more now about stateful sets And so the reason we're interested in in stateful sets in particular is because we would like to run data stores in open Shift, so I already mentioned that we were running data stores outside open shift And this is one of the things that ACS manages on the outside and Again something that I would like to get rid of why not it won't be now but it would simplify operations an awful lot if the if the If couch base for instance could be administered straight through open shift if all the actions like scaling up an open shift couch base cluster upgrading recovering a Node that's keeled over were all automated and seamless through the the open shift administration it also Would help in self-servicing we can make it available through the service catalog and also It makes it easier to adopt future technologies if we can put everything in open shift including our data stores So yeah, one of the arguments against that might be for instance. Well, what about infrastructure as a service provided data stores? I mean, I'm sure most of you have seen maybe on Amazon or on Google there are there are data stores provided out of the box On Amazon on GC Open stack also knows how to run data stores in principle and offer them as a service So well, I mean if they if they should go ahead use them and I would too I'd be interested in seeing them available through the past service catalog So that I have myself servicing that's uniform as well Maybe but that's something I need to think a bit more about and talk to people about but Definitely Yes, if the yes has it why bother doing it at another level However, not all infrastructure as a service cloud providers provide the same data stores And maybe the data store you want is not available on the cloud provider your target things So then you're you're going to want to run it yourself And then if you try and run it in the infrastructure as a service, it's more complicated You have to deal with the cloud provider specificities. You don't have a common operational abstraction. So We think it's interesting to actually do it at the past level So I've already mentioned inclusion in the service catalog You can have native mechanisms for for scale out and for update built-in The challenges there's always performance that was mentioned this morning already Though in the end if you are going to run on VMs That's probably where the main performance penalty is not the containerization So we can consider using bare metal Open-shift on bare metal and we'll pay less penalty for for running our data stores We also have to think about cross-data center replication couch base for instance relies on a full mesh of Connectivity between the couch base nodes of the different clusters in order to provide cross-data center application So in certain clouds that might be not too difficult because I don't know for instance GCE You have a flat network. You can route from any machine to any machine in any region on Google inside your project But that's not the case everywhere and Then there's also the challenge of finding the right level of abstraction for all of this So you can see that people already have been interested in this for quite a while Templates for running various data stores on Kubernetes or OpenShift have been available probably since the beginning that Kubernetes was made available However, they typically have limitations I actually have there's only single instance in front of a few of these However, I would actually expect that without stateful sets They are all necessarily single instance or at least you need some form of sharding of your data to be in place So the way we're going about this is that we're working closely with with red hat And at the moment in particular couch base This is the the project that's gone the furthest forward as far as I know We've done a first phase where we can now run rack aware couch base and It implements also scale out meaning you can add nodes to couch base on the on the fly Then we'll move on to a second phase. That's the content is still to be determined But basically, of course, we need to consider upgrades backups restores And we're interested in failure recovery of nodes being automated We're also working with other vendors to get Maria DB PostgreSQL and Oracle Into open shift now Oracle is actually one of them more interesting from my perspective Because I think there was a fair amount of resistance, but they've they've changed and they're now actually supplying themselves Dockerfiles or images so that you can run Oracle in a container I think they're doing this for 12.2 and above. It's not supported for production use But this is already very useful because you can just spin up an Oracle instance for for dev and test and throw it away And and it's very easy to use it makes Oracle very accessible to individual developers and things like that So we're seeing a great interest in in that area we've actually contributed a few changes on that and We've managed to make it work on 12.1 as well and run 12.1 inside open shift so the Relevant things the main relevant technologies here that it's stateful set obviously because we we need the ability to Bind an identity to a pod and bind it to its storage We also think third-party resources or aggregate or custom controllers of some kind are going to be relevant because in order to make the operations seamless Integrated in open shift. We're going to help at least a little bit on third-party resources One of my colleagues is going to work on that with the with the folks from Red Hat and Finally service catalog to make the this self serviceable and available to the to the end users of the platform directly So just before I conclude I just like to show briefly I have a Have a running couch base cluster That's a bit too big maybe No, sorry, that's still legible if I do that Okay, so What I have is so it's a stateful It's a stateful set and We're running so three couch base data instances here on my laptop and I'm also running The pillow fight application, which is couch bases sort of demo app that does some reads and writes all over the place and Okay, that was a bit too much So the interesting thing is down here. It's the graph of the operations going through so what that actually shows is That I think is interesting is that couch base The the pods Well, the different instances of a couch base cluster they need to be able to talk directly to each other so they need to be able to find each other and That was something that was a problem in the in the beginnings of open shifts and kubernetes because typically you would talk through a Service endpoint and there was only one for the whole service So here what we see is that the the couch base instances are indeed able to talk to each other To stay in sync to agree on the on the various aspects of who has what data and things like that And and this is part of what the pets sets gives us which is this identity through which each pod of the replica set is is accessible And it happens to work and and just for the record so this is This is just a three. Oh, sorry. Yeah, if I don't shift it across So this is a three node Well three compute node OpenShift cluster running inside virtual D on my laptop and So one info node just one master to keep things a little bit light Okay, and you can see they're working away a bit so right just to to finish off So we we're working on a on a big change in the way we run our applications We've already got some nice successes. There's still quite a way to go because you can imagine that with a 5000 services and a couple of thousand physical servers in the legacy system We've got a way to go to migrate applications all our applications on to OpenShift, but we've already got some running and And the good thing is OpenShift keep drawing with every release. We're happy to be contributing I'd have to contribute more, but that's always a matter of resources and time and things like that So that's it like to continue the adventure All right, then are there any questions for Eric while we have him here My question was he are you planning to use any helm or charts this kind of things for the packaging I plan to use any helms helms or charts I'm sorry Helm the the the package manager Actually, we started looking at that we haven't been very far with that Currently we're not we're we've we've actually built a Meta language internally because it's one of those things where when we started Helm didn't exist so we developed our own way of packaging things and Producing the images and things like that It's not on our highest prior one of our highest priorities for Shifting left in my previous diagram So no not at the moment really a few people have looked at it, but that's all You mentioned that you have a way of managing Secrets, can you tell a little bit more about that? Okay, so It's secret no So well if you Okay, the problem is that Secrets inside the master aren't themselves encrypted. They're not encrypted in in memory, and they're not encrypted on at rest either Except if your your volumes of your VM for instance that run your at CD or encrypted maybe okay But as soon as the VM is up there they're visible So one of the constraints that I was given was We want the secrets in the master to be Encrypted so there immediately you have a chicken and an egg problem Which I haven't solved as such But which is that if you want to have them encrypted in the master then when they get to the pod They have to be decrypted somehow and somehow you need a key in order to decrypt them So where does that key come from? How do you secure it? Does it itself need to be encrypted and if it's encrypted? How does it get decrypted? Okay? So there have been There've been a couple of solutions workarounds to that that have been put in place I think Kelsey Hightower did one article and It turns out that What I worked on which was more or less about the same time as he was working on it Was essentially the same kind of thing, which is that basically, okay, we have a Some kind of security module somewhere which actually has either the encrypted form of the secret or has a key that allows to be cryptid and What we have in the master is either just a reference to that or is an encrypted version that can be decrypted with a key Through the security module So the security module could be a full-blown hsm or it could be vault or something like that and so what I do is that I use the init containers feature of OpenShift 3.3 and Basically when a pod starts up, I have an init container which Examine the secrets and my secrets basically they're now a configuration that says where to get secrets from and I control the access to to those sources and I place I actually I actually substitute the secrets volume on the fly and So the the pod sees or the containers of the pod that need the secrets They only see the final version with the decrypted secrets and the config is something that I manipulate in my init container to get the secrets from the right place so it doesn't fully solve the problem of How do I prove that I am allowed these secrets or that kind of thing? So it's not a full-blown solution It's not an ideal solution if you hack the master obviously your king of the cluster and you can do whatever you like You're gonna get access to secrets anyway, but it's a it's an improvement It makes it harder a hacker needs to or cracker rather needs to go through more steps to get to your secrets And so you have more opportunity to audit that access and to raise alerts through a seam that kind of thing This is gonna sound like a trivial question. Perhaps it is but Very controversial and that is how do you how or have you implemented shared storage between pods? today in production we haven't We we don't have shared storage in I mean for instance the airline cloud availability doesn't need any shared storage. It's all State less and I mean that there's absolutely no persistence We so for the sorry for the Data storage part there it will be necessary. So The idea is that you have to use some source of You need Cinder or you need cluster FS or something like that. I have to admit I don't know that we've actually selected one Solution at this point I Think that's still an open thing, but basically we will use some form of cloud provided storage block storage for For for the shed storage for the data storage the persisted data storage Mmm. Yeah, I think we have some studies on going for a data storage solution And I think there's one of my colleagues who actually wants to try and answer that question Diane if you if you Little stand up and then Diane will see you and it will give you the mic So no, we are moving away from shared storage. So we now on the data persistency We with the no sequel we introduced local disks and flash and we even in the Oracle side We are going away as well from rack and from shared storage Precisely because from operational standpoint this complexity files significantly the model and generates a Less robust Solution so we are moving away from from shared infrastructure components now for the Large volumes of data. Yes, we are currently doing a study We are setting the solution from red hat, but also from other Providers for object star and we will build an object to store back end soon All right, maybe I misunderstood what was meant by shed storage then Well, I want to thank Eric and Victor from Amadeus for this presentation today They'll be around most of the week I think at Kubecon and afterwards in the beer area and if you hadn't noticed I was soft shooing and stretching it out because the man in in the far corner is the next speaker And he's just arrived Alexis and we'll get you set up and give us a second. So thank you very much


how are you? Hi, hi, hi. Great. So today I'll start showing some some of the some of my past work primarily on proof of concept prototyping. Okay. And I'll show you some video on our lab and some projects. Okay. So let's start with the video. It's a three minute video. We'll have a look at it. Then I'll show you what is prototyping. Then we will go on to some of the projects that I show in the video. It's a very short video on our lab, the lab that we have here, proof of concept lab. So this is a part of both IDC and the accessibility school of entrepreneurship. So we get to deal with students both from design background and also from engineering background, detail students. So it's quite a great experience to work with both designers and non designers. We get a wide range of students. So it's quite fun. So our main idea of this proof of concept lab is to encourage students to work on physical prototypes. When we talk about prototypes, prototypes are not final designs. That's something we need to very clearly understand. Prototypes and there are many kinds of prototypes also. What we work on is that fast level proof of concept. As in, when we had a concept, how do you make sure that this concept works? And how do we communicate that this concept, there is a new concept and this concept will work. These are the two purposes of proof of concept prototype. After proof of concept level of prototype, then we have multiple levels of prototypes. To a level, the final level of prototype is where we actually use the exact materials that we are going to be using in the final product and we test it and then only we go for the final product. So this is quite a long process. It's not like today I designed some product and tomorrow I'll launch my product in the market. It's not as simple as that. As for us being designers, this first phase of prototypes, these are very interesting, very interesting and it's more enjoyable part of it. And of course, we typically use very low cost in making the first initial prototypes. And this is basically what I would say is that it's a kind of a physical sketch of the whole idea. So I'll talk about what are prototypes, what are the different types of prototypes and why do we use prototypes to some of my case studies? I'll just give you a overall idea of prototypes. Then we can go on further and I'll explain one of the projects. Product design could be non mass producible item. It can include the first ever Apple computer prototype on the left that you see, that is the first things Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak, they took it to the homebrew computers meeting and they went and showed this piece to them. If you look at it, will anybody buy this or does it say it's a product that you can use every day? It doesn't say that. It's a raw rig, you know, you put together things and you make it. This is a perfect example of proof of concept prototype. The proof of concept prototypes are not expected to be looking finished. The raw beauty, it's like a newborn baby. It doesn't have to be, I mean, it shouldn't be so conventionally beautiful. That is the purpose of it also. And we have to be really clear when we are showing a proof of concept to others. Most often what people think is those who do not understand or like not familiar with the process, they will start thinking, okay, this is the final product. We have to be really clear in showing it to people. And if you're showing it to people, we have to be very clear in communicating to them that this is not the final prototype. That's very essential. And the piece which was like this, which started like this, in future, it becomes like this. Okay, and it keeps on evolving. Okay, 98 to, this is taken in 2010, this particular model, the last model. But today, if you look at it, it keeps on evolving. Okay, so this way, we have to understand the design never gets. It keeps on evolving. It's like humans or any animals, which keep on evolving. The same way products also keep evolving over time. I would say these are all like pit stops. Okay, these are also technically, they're also prototypes. Okay, if you achieve perfection in a product. Okay, that means there's no further growth. But a model keeps on evolving. So whatever we have is a pit stop. Okay, you put it, then new technologies will come, we have to include that technologies, new requirements will come, the market will grow, the technology, the aspect of the product, everything will grow. So it keeps on going. Otherwise, we will be having only one Android or iPhone, iPhone first, you know, the evolution that is the most important part. And this is where designers also come in, designers and inventors, this what feeds them also technically, okay. So you should be happy that the product doesn't stop, it keeps on evolving. Okay, the spirit of prototyping, why do we have to make a prototype? There are two things, it's about taking it to the mass. Again, it's not a very simple product, a very simple process. It varies from product to product. Say for example, if you're talking about a small paperweight, that's also your product. Okay, and if you're looking at a race car, that's also your product. A furniture is also your product. Okay, and any other physical products that you have, everything is a product, you can say, okay. But the complexity of different products change, the function also changes. Okay, so in this case, if you look at a race car, or a marine, a ship, the complexities are completely different, and they are not like produced like in millions. Okay, so each of it has a different purpose, the complexity.  There is a number also attached to the mass produced product. Okay, so this is where two persons come. One is a designer and there is a other producer, the manufacturer. Okay, so the prototypes, it helps us communicate between these two parties, the designer and the producer. Okay, the designers, when they come up with an idea, again, design is a very vast term. Okay, what we are talking about, are we talking about product development and product design, or we are talking about the stylizing aspect of it alone. Okay, there are many levels. This is where, whatever whether it's product development, complete new product development, which is also known as NPD, or if you are stylizing a product, whichever case it is, we need to, as designers, we need to confirm it as well. Okay, whether it is working, whether it is meeting your own expectations, then you go to the your company, your team, and you'll have to convince them, this is how it's working, we need to work on it further. And how do we do that? That is the key here. This is where prototype connects the designer and the rest of the market, team and the market. So there are various levels of communication, where primarily you have to understand that this is actually a prototype is a communication tool. Okay, it's like sketching, this is a physical sketch. So there are many types of prototypes actually, one is simple sketches that you doodle, and that is actually one level of thinking prototypes. Every thought is a prototype. Every thought is an experiment that we have to understand.  Then we have a next level of prototypes actually 2D sketches and illustrations. What we do illustrations, there are sketches and there are illustrations. This we need to understand doodle, sketch, illustration. And we have 3D models also CAD models and we render etc. So prototype is not only physical prototype, you know, three dimensional prototype, even 2D sketches and 3D models, anything that you simulate of the product is a prototype. We have to be really careful here to know that 2D sketches are different from illustrations. Okay, this is where a lot of people, students especially, they get into that block. I can't sketch. I don't know what to do. My sketches don't look beautiful. This is something that you shouldn't get into. Okay, there are sketches. Sketches don't have to be visually appealing and all the stuff. You sketch with whatever you have. It's like handwriting. It's a visual language. And after that, you have the level of refining the sketch and illustrating it. That is the next level. Okay, so being students do not get blocked by this idea of sketches have to be beautiful. We have a lot of methods to make beautiful sketches or illustrations. So keep that separate. And physical prototyping, the purpose not only how it works, we have many, many more things to it. Basically every single sense of yours it should work with. Okay, touch, taste, auditory, visual, everything it has to come, tactile, everything has to come. And physical size is also important. Okay, what is the weight? What is the size? What is the overall aesthetics of it? What is the volume it occupies? All of this we will be getting to know about the product. This is something, again, we don't really look deeper into it. Just imagine you are making a prototype of a cell phone or a product. And it has a very dirty smell. Okay, will we go ahead and use it? No. Okay, so we need to know all the senses it has to work with. And also the business aspect of it it has to work with. So prototype, again, the word that we have to take is it is like testing the ground. Again, the same prototype works on other various levels also, especially on design process and also functional aspects of it. Design iterations, that is, like, you know, you've got one idea, how do we come up with multiple variations of it and test it and how do we, which appeals the most, which works the most that we have to take. So this becomes a good, again, a communication point. I'll show one case study a little later in the following slides. Here, only one word that you have to take out of all this, a lot of words, improvisation, how do we improvise stuff, your ideas or a product? How do we improvise? Improvisation is, again, a very deeper concept. Again, we don't really understand it much. This act of improvisation is used in every field. Then it goes on to the functional levels, where we finalize the technology and optimize the technology and manufacturing processes. And primarily the pilot and trial, it works on this, where the end user actually interacts with the product and they give a lot of feedback to you. We as designers, we have to generalize things, a lot of things and a lot of ideas we have to generalize and a lot of requirements we have to guess. Guess what is involved? The logical aspect of it, we will be working on the objective reasoning side of it. There are three types of reasoning that we have to understand. Oneness, deductive, inductive and abductive. Our physical prototyping works on all the three levels. In that case, all the prototypes are design process. Here, we make a lot of guesses. We don't get full information at any time about any project or anything for that matter. We will be filling up a lot of gaps with our own estimations. This pilot trial is a point where actually we test it. There is a direct communication between the user end user and the creator. And this is where we clear out the guess part of it, guesses and estimations and we become more and more closer to perfection. And obviously, why do we have to go for prototyping? It's a very simple straightforward thing. Number one, time, money and effort, basically energy. This is something straightforward. There is a nice saying. If you think good design is expensive, you should try bad design. Designing is the process of saving things, saving time, money or effort. You look closer, design is the purpose of design is that. Prototypes really work with saving all these three aspects. And another important thing is building confidence. So if you come up with a completely new idea, say for example, iPods that came, it was a radical concept and people will not immediately accept it. So you need to build confidence within your team and outside team. That's where prototypes come. Then again, evaluation and communication. We discussed this a little earlier. So remember, any product is to save time, money and effort. So there's a good evaluation stuff, evaluation metric, different types of prototypes, basically. So crude prototypes, quick and dirty, POC prototypes, these are the terms that you can. And idea prototypes, again, we talk about quick and dirty prototypes, POC prototypes, etc. These are basically to prove the essence of the product. It doesn't have to look completely finished or anything, but it's an idea stuff. Then we have scale prototypes. In product design, we typically go for one is to one scale. If you're making a chip, you make one is to one full size scale. But before that, we do smaller products also. If we are working with only the looks, then we go for probably good rendering. Or if you want to understand the overall visual massing of it, we go for a smaller one, which is a scale prototype. Then we go for the full prototype, full size. And buildings in architecture, this is where the scale prototypes come really into the action. Then we have walkup prototypes. It's like primarily for overall physical understanding of it, you don't have to use the exact materials or anything.  Then we have working prototypes, all of you know what is. It's more of a functional thing, working prototypes, which is the final one. We typically think 3D printing is the best prototyping method now. No, no, no, no, no. There are many types also of prototyping. Me personally, I had a huge hope on 3D printing. But as we started working on it, 3D printing is still a very nascent level of technology. We made a couple of machines also. That's the time I really understood. The potential is far too much. But we are not anywhere closer to that. Still we are working on it. I prefer, I personally prefer fabricating things. Fabricating things like if it's a mouse or whatever you are working on it, you fabricate it with simple methods, but multiple methods instead of relying only on 3D printing. Especially us being students, we need to know how to work on fabricating things. Fabrication is a learning process, especially us being in the beginning phase of the profession. It's very important. When it comes to fabrication, there are simple things and there is nothing. You add something to it or there is a full thing that you remove certain things. Additive method, what you talk is like, say for example, you are making a sculpture. You add things to it, stick them and you start working on that particular sculpture. Typically we make clay sculpture and all like that. Same thing applies to products also. The other one is sculpting, subtract stuff. There is a huge block of wood or rock or something. Then you go and remove things and make it. There is a nice saying also. I think they asked Da Vinci, I guess. It's a saying by him. I don't sculpt or anything. I just remove the unnecessary parts from the stone. The sculpture is already inside and just remove the unnecessary parts. It's a nice way of putting it. Again, subtractive method. Basically you are removing things. Additive method, you are adding things. Then the third one is forming. Say for example, a paper is there. You don't cut it or you don't stick anything onto it. You just bend it and make something out of it. That is the forming method. We have a lot of methods like vacuum forming, blow molding. There are a lot of methods. That is something really, really interesting. All the three are very interesting methods. These are the fundamental things that you have to understand. These are the principles. For example, 3D printing is actually an additive method. You keep on adding things to that. I'm going to show you some of the work also. This is a video. Again, vacuum forming is a very simple process, but the most effective one of the best processes. What we generally do is we take a sheet, plastic sheet. There are many types of sheets. Let's go with the word plastic now. Plastic sheet, you heat it up evenly. It becomes very wobbly and like, you know, basically the structure becomes very flexible.  Then it basically goes on like, fits onto the mold like a glove. Then we cut open it and start fabricating it. Once upon a time, this was the top most technology. That time also, people were wondering, no, no, no, no, we have to make things with hand. This is taking the beauty of making things etc. See, that is the myth. We should be able to work from one extreme to the other extreme. You should be able to make it with hand also if the resources are not available. You should be able to make it with the cutting-edge technology also. So technology is not a barrier. It's only a tool. If you know how to work with hands, you will know better on how to work with machines. This is where software also is very important, working on 3D software or simulation software. This particular exercise is not focused on that, but you have to remember it. This is another product I did for a company called GeoAmita. It's again IAT Karagpur alumni and it became quite a great product. What you're seeing on the screen is the mobile ATM. This is in 2010, around 2010. Most of you must have heard about Simputer, simple computer. That was again a product which came much ahead of its time in a different country. Typically, it's USA, new innovations come. It came from India. We didn't have proper infrastructure. Also, it was much ahead of its time. So it didn't work out quite well. This company bought it and they were working on taking it forward. One part of it became this mobile ATM. One day, I got a call from this company. They gave this left side device and he asked me to just randomly look at it and give me a report. She just gave me, what do you think of it? Then I opened up the piece. I studied everything on that. When I say studied, don't feel like I went and did something extra. Just visually operated, open it up and see, look at every, understand each component. And what it did, I gave a report, seven page report and on the right side, one physical model, a thermal model I made, all the components that are there inside. I'm not changing any component. The way we are arranging the components I changed and it became a flat, diary kind of a piece.  He couldn't believe. You're talking about the same product, all the components. I said yes. So what I'm trying to say is the same components are volumetrically arranged in a different way and you get a new form factor. Obviously they liked it and they started giving me a lot of other projects. So this is another product we made and this is how we make. This is again virtual prototype. You make a 3D inside the software. You make all of this, all the components and look at the fades, how it fades, etc. Then you go ahead and make it. This is the piece that we made. Again, that time we had about only one week to go for the final presentation. Again, we worked on it. We couldn't get the 3D printing done quickly. And we actually, this was made in China. Then again, this one handle project that I did. Again, if you look at it on the top, this is something we worked on the pipes, working with pipes. This is again a very interesting product. Working with simple pipe, but we have to come up with different forms. Again, when we are sitting and working with the client, immediately we decided, okay, we will go for one model and immediately I had to show them, okay, how it volumetrically works. Then local packaging thermocore immediately cut it and then and then you made it and showed. People got an idea, we quickly finalized and this product was launched in the market. So you should be able to make things, even if you don't have anything in your hand. There is made IDC time on handheld razor we made. Again, this is an IDC made school project, college project. If you look at this, again, the kind of effort that you put in, that is the key here. You look at it, this all dimples that you may see, everything is made from a sheet. The dimples actually you cut, I cut a small thin strip of styrofoam made into a cylinder, then cut it into small pieces, then stuck it on the top. The steel that you see, that is actually stainless steel. I bought a stainless steel cup and cut it and made it. That's the time I understood about stainless steel. We thought, okay, we will make a lot of drills and no holes and make it. No, it's a thin, I think 0.5 mm thick stainless steel, but that's the time I realized, okay, it's so difficult to work with stainless steel visors working with mild steel and all. So this is something that we have to learn. You will get the idea only when we are working with the product. This is my last product which I am showing. This is the product that Professor Chakravarti was telling sometime back. This is again a product which came into the market, which was conceptualized too early in 2005, Media Lab Asia product. It was being developed at School of Information and Technology at IIT. The idea is to make computing device for the Kirana shops. I hope all of you know what is a Kirana shop. It's a local store, grocery store. So again, they operate only with a phone and a paper. That's the maximum technology they had, but at the same time, there were big supermarkets were coming in a big way. All the supermarkets come and replace Kirana wallas. What will they do? Let's wait this product came. Can we give them a device which is far better than a phone or a calculator? Can we give something else? First when we went and asked people, can we put a computer? Then these guys were like, they didn't even let us inside. And another guy had a computer and we had covered it and kept it. Then I made one rough, again, thermocol model. Then we went and showed it to them. It's a small handheld one. And people, then they let us inside their shop. Then we developed it again. This is when I made this netbooks, small size computers. That time it was not there. This is the first netbook that I made, a concept. I'll show you. Even tablets, one of the first tablets we made here. Remember, I'm not a trained computer scientist or I was not an electronics guy or anything. I'm an architect and a product designer. I developed one of the first netbooks, conceptualized a netbook and developed it and laid the tablet also. So what I'm trying to say is it's not as difficult as you think. You have to understand the basics and work with that. In this project, I programmed, I worked with the design, I worked with the hardware development, insight, the guts, the computers, and I worked on the software also. In none of this field, other than design, I didn't have any formal training. I had to learn, understand the concept and start working on it. These were open source things and so much of online research helps. Okay. So this is the idea I developed. Then I had to convert it to a small size computer. This is on the right that you see, that is again, complete Jougard. Got all the components. That's the time, interestingly, new small form factor computers were coming. So I got another computer and filtered into a box and filtered a regular keyboard, all of that when I kept it. This is a complete rudimentary crude form. But this piece, the thing that you see on the right, who gave a lot of confidence in the team. Then I said, there's something that we can make. On the left side, what you see is what we are going to be making in the future. Then we got some more money and we started working on it. And meanwhile, I was working on the ideal form factor also. This is again a schematic product. A small size monitor and a keyboard and a calculator interface. These guys work with calculator exceptionally well. So this is the main interface we wanted to keep. And the keyboard is something that we don't want. We want to use very less amount of keyboard. See, this Kirana shop, it's a crazy, crazy complicated area. It's so hot. There is no space. Language is a problem. Electricity is a problem. Storing is a problem. Wiring is a problem. Everything is a problem. We worked on it. And this is one piece that I made. I was continuously working on it. At the same time, Intel Atom also came with a new motherboard, small size motherboard. And just playing with it, the same idea of reconfiguring things. Then while working with that, I came up with this idea of a simple computer, which can work as a regular, low footprint model, or it can be kept below the table, or it can be used for on-screen typing or like a desktop mode. This is a simple structural design, actually. If you look at it, this is the initial form factor, how it actually evolves to accommodate various scenarios. Then we made a series of ideas, iterations. Then we finalized on one concept, evaluated and finalized. This is the place where I was going and getting all the pieces done. Again, I made it in seamless steel for various reasons. One is to avoid the finishing and it gives a good appeal. There are many reasons, so I made it. And these are all, if you look at the top-side images, they are all in Gorigaon, small, small places. When we made it, it was such a great opportunity for me to go and work with them. Technically, it's very simple, but execution is very important. You realize that and I can talk about this one slide for the whole day. But once you have a lot of vendors, your confidence level increases and you start looking at things in a much, much more clearly. And you can improvise your designs far more. I'll tell you a one-minute story about it. None of these are CNC bent or anything for bending and all. The guy you see on the left side, he never spoke during the whole time. We couldn't bend it and this guy, the guy in the middle, he's the boss, the boss's son. He came with me and we went to this guy. This guy said, I know one guy who will bend it perfectly. The guy on the left, he's the guy. He bent it so well. The other parts fitted like a magic. This guy never talks to anybody, but by the time I finished everything, I, he smiled at me and he asked me, this guy started, this is the first time he's actually are talking to anybody. So it's a nice feeling that you get. So finally, we put it together and I made this working prototype. And then we started working on various variations of it. We started with a simple aluminum. Then we went to another design. Then we, then once I understood it, it was a cakewalk. This piece, again, there's a solar operated one. Then again, I had to, I launched it as a small startup. Then we don't have infrastructure. Zero budget may be allowed to work. By this time, network had come.  Primarily, I didn't have any of the teammates and I knew how to make all of this. So I went, okay, we will launch it. I had the perfect product, but I didn't have the team and people who come are coming to the team. Again, I had to spend time educating about the project to them. This is where actually the prototyping phase is very important for you to develop the team also. Even if you know everything, how to do it, you shouldn't be doing everything on your own in the starting of the startup. Okay, the prototyping phase is a good time to develop a team also, like vendors, like your business partners, everything. So remember that prototyping is not only making that final product. It's about your company or like, it's about educating your whole team also. That's a very good point. That is like, I think from what you have made from your experience, you know, though we can do everything, if you do everything yourself, you'll never be able to build a team and take a company part of that. That's a wonderful money for us from your experience. Yeah. Then I go on to some fun parts. Again, I had to develop the software. I cannot write a single code. Okay, this is where hacking, ideas of hacking come handy, come in handy. Open source, you take open source, start working on it, understand the whole structure. And it's so easy once you understand it. Everybody can actually make things. Finally, we went and launched and this is the next level of prototype. So with this, I'll finalize it. I kept on working on it. This is the whole setup. I wanted to reduce it. In fact, with this model, we could give the computer for free and pay the Kiranavallas every month, certain money or using the computer. Further, I started working on it. Why do we have to give everything? Okay, I wanted to bring the whole thing down to one keyboard. I started again, if you look at it, it's all hacking. Okay, I took a regular keyboard. I took the CPU of it. Then I mapped, trace the whole circuit. And I mapped it like I've done it on the right side. Then I put it into the form factor. And then this is the overall layout. And this left side that you're seeing, that is the information architecture of the inventory. Say, for example, pre-level may you will be able to reach your final item. Okay, it's like music, artist or band or genre. Say, let's take artist, artist, album and the song, pre-levels. So that is the kind of understanding you bring it down. And what actually I did was I took a music player, open source music player and converted into a POS machine. Okay, so the understanding, the core understanding of any concept, if you understand it, you can join many things. Say, I saved a lot of money and work when I understood, actually, the whole inventory system is like a song management. Okay, so then I could easily convert the open source song player into a ERP device, ERP software. Okay, so it's something important for you to understand it whole. It takes time to understand, but the starting point is very simple and it's hard work. Okay, so the whole computer, the whole thing I brought it down to one small palm-sized thing. Okay, that's the whole deal. And this is all my final year projects and some other projects. These are all prototypes. This was my final project and Professor Chakruh further improvised it and he made it. So these are the simple things that I want to tell you guys. I hope all of you had a good time checking all the stuff. Yeah, Kooms, thank you so much. That was a wonderful journey of the proof of concept and how when you have something, you need to build and then test, build and test so that very clearly showed in the Galla project. You didn't use the word Galla, I remember your project was called Galla. Yeah, yeah, yeah. So that is it.


Hi everyone and welcome back to another mixed media Tuesday.  I'm going to play with this mold by Stamperia This is designed by Antonis Zanidakis, and it's from the Sir Vagabond collection. I'm going to play with the balloon on the train I did use that in another project, this as a focal point, but that time it was a paper cutout. This time I'm going for a three-dimensional look, so since I'm playing with my resins today I do have the windows open, just remember to keep your area nicely ventilated and I'm also wearing my gloves This is a plastic mold and especially the design that I'm going for is quite big Nothing is nicely leveled So I'm just using my ink pads there to make sure that this is going to stay nice and leveled and the liquid I'm going to pour into is not going to run outside of the mold Now this is a step which is very important when you are playing with these type of molds and you will see why in a bit I do have a couple of paper cups I do have my scale there as well as my resin. I'm playing with amazing resin today And I'm going to use my scale although this resin is quite forgiving just because I have paper Packups and I cannot see exactly how much I pour into each one of them So I'm starting with part A and part 2. I'm going to measure and make sure that both parts are exactly the same That's why I'm using my scale there and you will see that I'm not going to pour enough This is quite of a big mold and I needed to mix more However, that's not a problem. You can always pour on top of it even more and you will see what I mean Now I have been using this resin for quite some time now and I'm really happy with it This is the amazing resin and it cures in just 10 minutes The result you're going to get is completely opaque It's going to be white if you need to have for some reason the clear one for example if you want to Pour into a bulb then you need to use the other resin that cures in 24 hours It's almost impossible for me to plan ahead like pour the previous day So I just have to do everything on the spot and that's why I prefer using this type of resins So making sure that both those parts are nicely mixed You will feel a kind of warmth on your hands when this starts to cure So, you know when it is ready to pour now you can see how little I did mix up I didn't even feel half of that design So I'm going to have to repeat the same process one more time and pour on top of that And by the time I did the mixing the first one was already curing as you can see And I'm also going to pour on that label at the top as well as a couple of gears And here is what happens if you don't level up your mold correctly The liquid from the top just run off and it's now on top of my glass mat It has already started to harden I'm going to leave it as it is so that I will be able to peel it off later on So I'm going to work on my white glass mat for now About 10 minutes have passed so I can easily unmold all the castings Great detail and if you hold them you will find that they are still warm That's because the resin isn't hardened completely At this stage they are quite soft So if I need to I can manipulate the designs like cut off parts or clean up some areas where I had some Overpouring which is exactly what I'm going to do and you can see how easy it is to peel them off from your molds So I'm going to bring in my scissors and I'm going to do some cleaning very easy They cut like butter at this stage And I don't want to use that top on the balloon That's why I'm just going to use my scissors and chop it off I think it works better for what I'm planning to do since I want this to fit inside the frame And now I wanted you to see that back to my glass mat And I can easily peel that off very carefully so that I don't break it And the next step is to cover up all those castings with black gesso I'm using the Prima Heavy Gesso here This is a very important step First of all, I want that to have that black shadow underneath Because I'm going for a steam punky or vintage look But at the same time I want that to cover up completely that sleek surface Otherwise my paints are not going to stick on top of it And while these are drying I'm looking through the Cervagabond collection, butter paper And I'm trying to find a background that could work There are many of them that could work But I decided to go with this map There is something with maps for me I absolutely love the Masha backgrounds And in this case I find this really neutral in colors So I can easily manipulate it and make it my own I did bring my wooden frame here And I'm going to measure the inside so that I can cut out my paper Exactly the size that I need to This wooden frame by the way is about 8x8 So the inside is slightly smaller And instead of using the big 12x12 patterned paper If you do have the smaller patterned paper You can go with that as well So I do have here the 8x8 patterned paper of the same collection And you see it would work just fine Now to make this my own I'm going to spray a little bit This is the Thres Oxide And the color is Speckled Egg I think it matches lovely with the colors And it's best for the look that I'm going for I will make sure that this first layer is completely dry Just using my heat gun there And then I'm going with another color This time I'm going with Salvaged Patina You can see it comes more vibrant than the previous one And since it is so vibrant I'm also going to add some splashes Really easy just with a nozzle It's not going to look as vibrant as it is right now Remember this is Oxiding So it's going to give a lovely dull and chalky finish So again I'm making sure that this layer is completely dry Before I go ahead and add the third and last layer And this time of course it's Vintage Photo And notice that I'm spraying mainly outside of the paper I don't want to have big blobs of brown all over the place Just a little of that brown here and there will do the trick So now I do have my background ready I did cover up the frame all around with Black Gesso And then all I need to do is to stick inside that background Now for that you can use any type of glue that you like You can use your Matte Medium Here I'm using Craft Glue by Stamperia It's a new glue to me And I'm really happy with how it works And I'm going to work on the focal point For that I grabbed my acrylic paints These are Distress paints And I'm starting with Crackling Campfire Now always make sure that you shake those bottles well I'm going to add just a dab of paint I don't need too much And I'm going to color the top part of the balloon and the train You don't have to cover it up completely If you can still see some black areas it's okay This is not dry brushing I'm just mainly covering up that part And it's just the first layer If you don't do a great joke don't worry about it I'm going to do lots of dry brushing at the top And it's going to have a completely different look If you find that you have too much in some areas You can always dab it with a paper towel And then I'm going to let this one dry Then I'm going to move on to the next color Again this time I'm working with Salvat's Patina Which is one of the spray colors that I used for the background I'm going to cover up only this part of the machine And again I'm going to let this one dry Then I'm going to bring in my black gesso And of course you can do that with any black paint if you want This time I'm using a very stiff brush The brush is completely dry No water there And I'm doing dry brushing with that black paint Just lightly going over the balloon The top part of the balloon And this way I grab only the areas that are raised And I'm going to do the same thing for the area that I painted blue Dry brushing is such a fun technique And whenever I do it I'm absolutely in love with how it can transform a piece And make it look completely different I love that it gives you shadows and highlights It really brings all those three dimensional focal points into life Now this time I'm going with silver paint Again with the same brush completely dry Lightly going all over that design And you see how it picks all those mountains And it helps that design come to life Now I'm using an off-white color like vanilla And by the way any acrylic paints that you have at home Would work with this technique Just make sure that you have your brush completely dry You don't want that paint to be too runny So I'm going with that color over different parts of the balloon Just to help highlight it a little bit more And if you find that you don't like what you are doing You can always use another color as an eraser So you can go back with black and dry brush over that white areas that I did And you can play with it until you are happy with the outcome So after playing a little bit with dry brushing And these colors I also did the gears And I will also work on the label Again I'm starting with the orange color I'm applying this as a base I'm not going to cover completely the black that I have underneath But I'm not going very lightly I do want to have that orange at the background Once I completely dried out Then I can do the dry brushing This time with a lighter color To help all those letters pop even more So I believe now it is readable Time to put everything together For that I'm using my glue gun You can go with your matte medium if you like Or any other type of strong glue Now in terms of composition you can stick it at the center I don't like to have my focal points completely at the center So I always like to offset them somehow I think they look more interesting this way And I'm also going to stick down some of the gears And I do have a couple of bolts From a previous pouring that I did about a month ago These are leftovers that I keep in a box And I can just go through them and use them in future projects So now of course I have to cover up those bolts with black So that you don't tend to ask bright white as they used to be I'm also adding some touches with that black here and there And this is a process that can go on forever You can see I can go back and dry brush in different areas If I want something to look darker To add shadows here and there It's actually up to you when you decide to stop with that technique And here is where I decided to introduce some bronze on the whole project So I'm just dry brushing again in some areas Not covering up completely everything And I did that finishing touch Because I have another project that I shared in a previous video That has similar colors And I think that they would go nicely together on my wall We did move in our new house about a year ago And my craft room is still an ongoing project So I do have some of my projects on the walls But some others are still waiting to find their place And I think this is a great companion For the project that I'm going to show you in a bit So here I'm introducing some extra silver touches here and there And again with this technique it's really hard to know when to stop But I did force myself to call it done So here is the finished project I'm absolutely happy with the result Love love that focal point And it was really easy to put together to tell you the truth So here is the other one that I shared in a previous video And I think those two go lovely together And it's finally time to find the place for them on my walls So that was the project for today I hope that you had fun, that you got inspired Just like always you will find the full list of all the supplies that I used Down below in the description area as well as on my blog Don't forget to like the video, it really helps As well as leave me a comment Thank you so much for visiting today And I'll see you all next time


How's it going everyone Caleb here with Leighton sports cards next tonight? We have four twenty twenty-two Excuse me twenty twenty-one Chronicles football hobby boxes for Daniel L. Let's get it going man. Thanks again so much for the order Let's do it man One more personal life for this tonight guys, and then that will do it You want to just infields there to 399 Terris Marshall jr. Najee Harris Carl Banks giants not numbered autograph Carl Banks Ego Collins Bateman prison black Javante Williams. You Daniel. It's gonna be a flux silver of Najee Harris now solid Daniel Leap a Frank's cow pits to 199 JC Horn playoff momentum red Friar of youth Pick one here Trevor Lawrence timeless treasurer's patch auto boom 10 of 25 Or one of 25. Excuse me. Wow What a start to the break Personals were loaded tonight. Yeah, you go Daniel L will mag that That's awesome Literally loaded Friar of youth to 199 There's another Lawrence That's great, man. You go Daniel L. Heck. Yeah You've got a Kellen Mons time this treasurer's patch to 399 T law base Lawrence base Mac Jones dynegon PS2 yeah, that was sick lamb Got a dynegon silver Trevor Lawrence awesome T law box Etn Eli Mitchell, that's prism black gold 5 of 10 To 10 there on the Eli Mitchell great box Zach Wilson flux and playoff Sick box man Next one continue right along here. Hey, what's up Kyle? Good to see you man Yeah, we have been on a absolute role in the personals Anthony Schwartz tonight to 49 turn of the century Auto Browns Absolutely rolling on the personals here Mac Jones base to 199 Naji Kyle pitsteining on Jamar Chase You guys did not catch that flawless mixer for Anton check it out. It is uploaded Really big break there. Hey. Yeah, he's for sure both boxes were good fields Javante Williams to 49 Rashad Bateman prism black and an Eli Mitchell Be sure you drop a like while you're there a comment as well.  That's nice.  It does have some damage We'll get you an empty box if you do want to replace it Zach Wilson. How about a Mac Jones to 49 clear vision? Fantastic hits right now Eli Mitchell and Javante Williams. Let me get you this empty box here as well We have plates and patches patch of Kyle pits to 399 Go Can a one-of-one Marshawn Lattimore Awesome Travis Etienne Jr. Trevor Lawrence Not a whole lot of Marshawn Lattimore one-of-ones out there. Very cool. I Said for you Kellen Mond rookie legacy Waddle Ramandre tree Lance score update and a ps2. Oh My goodness that card is gorgeous Mac Jones Five of eight gala. Oh my goodness. You've seen any of these yet. I haven't either Wow, I haven't even seen one yet. I didn't know it existed Five of eight Sean hasn't seen one either which is honestly more significant to see watches and top loads more product than myself Holy cow, that's awesome Go Congrats again Yes, I didn't even know those existed. Yeah, it's a 49 Deontay Johnson Trevor Lawrence prison black base and a Zach Wilson Holy, let's go. Niko Collins 30 of 50 rookie autograph red Thanks, Nick Go solid to 50 how trash nausea That's so cool though. Like just the design on that gal is fantastic as well Silver prison black Jamar Chase Awesome card. Yeah, the stream had dropped for a couple of minutes previously. We're back online now Wi-Fi went out Prior to getting this break started. There's a Zach Wilson grid iron Kings That is gonna be a Kenneth gain. Well to 50 score updates Trey Lance dyne again Canary stone Kenneth gain. Well now plates and patches rookie off a rookie patch auto to 99 you go Back Jones base Chavante Williams to 199 Fields Friday One more Des Fitzpatrick rookie autograph Titans. There you go. Zach Wilson Rashawn Slater Josh Palmer great break so far Daniel. Let's see what else we got man Hey horse Rashad Bateman there on the flux silver Jamar Chase PS2 That's gonna be numbered to 10 on the gold to 10 Great one there. Cadarius Tony rookie base And Russell Wilson DJ more great iron Kings autograph of PS2 someone 99 PS2 box here Schwartz to 99 Jalen waddle Ellinger plates and patches Kyle Pitts patch to 399 yo Daniel Like the Parsons Trevor Lawrence nice and a Schwartz to 99 another Schwartz to 99 Just a couple of packs to go here man Silver Chuba Michael Carter Justin Fields Kellen Mond Cadarius Tony and Mahomes last pack of the break Jamar Chase rookie Carter Nick Chubb to 399 Rondell Moore dynegon and terrace Marshall Jr. Thanks again so much Daniel big hits for you there Man, congratulations. We'll have them all well protected up and right out to you very sick Mac Jones. Thanks again so much


Let me share with you some tips about making authentic videos. Someone asked me about what I would do at the beginning of a video or the end of video, what I suggest, and kind of any other tips about making videos. So, first, I want to say that I have so much to say about this and I've created an entire course called authentic video creation that comes with a private Facebook group, where you can practice and post as many videos as you want and get some encouragement there. But anyway, that's beside the point I just want to give you whatever is coming coming to me right now off the top of my head in the kind of a shorter answer. So, yes, the intro of video is the most important part because, you know, basically, the most important part of your video is the first 30 seconds. And actually that's not true. Even more important than the first 30 seconds is the first 10 seconds. Even more important than the first 10 seconds is the first three seconds. So, you could see what I'm where I'm going with it's really, you know, so, first of all, authentic videos. Since you are learning from me about making videos. I don't teach it the same as everyone else right everyone else. There's lots of video advice, video making advice on YouTube, of course. If you search video video making tips, you'll get tons and tons of great YouTube videos. But typically, the advice out there is about different ways to get attention and like editing techniques and things that basically assume that your viewer is constantly wanting to stop watching your video. Like constantly get their attention every three seconds, every five seconds, every 10 seconds. It has to be choppy and, you know, has to be like, yeah, so, so interesting. I think that's true. If you are, you have the strategy of building a mass audience, like you want to be like Mr. Beast is very famous on YouTube for having millions of followers and he makes some of his videos cost millions of dollars to make. He's a movie company, but he's really a YouTuber that just kind of started and sort of, and then he's like, you know, studying YouTube retention graphs and seeing, oh, people dropped off at the three second five seconds there because I use that word and I'm not going to use that word in the future because I have different work and you can of course in my video making course I actually do show you the video retention graphs and how to study that so I teach you a little bit about that. But let me just say that the reason why you're, you're watching my videos is because you want to also make authentic videos that maybe you don't maybe you find video editing to be too much work I do.  The only video editing I do okay I'm sorry. One other video editing I do is when I repurpose my, my older videos sometimes I will, I will use cap wing to put a lower third I'll put subtitles that show up, no matter if you turn subtitles on you'll see. I'm going to do that or a lower third is very easy it takes me five minutes to do that kind of editing just a lower third is basically having words, having, having a static, having something below that's, you know, and that just the topic of the video, you know it just stay there so it's very easy to edit. Long story short, I basically don't edit my videos and I just speak and the reason why I do this, and the reason why I teach this method is because one it's a lot less work, and therefore you can create a lot more content. So, most of the people I'm, I'm teaching and coaching are fellow knowledge sharers or transformational coaches or healers or mentors, and I think the most powerful important skill that cannot. It's time before it gets replaced by robots and artificial intelligence, I think clever editing can be replaced by artificial intelligence before long, but what cannot be replaced is learning how to authentically and powerfully speak on camera. You know how deep fakes do it where they're starting to fake you know politicians and celebrities. You could still tell it's not really real versus, you could see my expression that's really hard to fake, you know and and hand gestures and things like that and, and just the way the human works, it's still hard for artificial intelligence to to fake that and to do it quite that authentically. So forever, this will be one of the most sustainable and monetizable skills for the rest of our lives. And also, the fact of learning to speak authentically on camera means that the benefits of that confidence and that authenticity spill out into all areas of your life so I got I went off. I went off script here talking about the tips for making the video structures let me let me get back on script here. So, the beginning of the video like I said, even though I don't do scripting of my videos like I don't go. Okay, I'm going to say these exact five points in this exact order. I do come up with. Basically, this is what I'm going to talk about and I might I might even have three points I want to say, but I've learned over time. Gosh, more than three points. I mean I could always look at notes sometimes you'll see me looking at notes, and I think that's okay to your readers, your what your viewers don't mind when you glance down says, and the next really important point I want to bring up is this I think it's that. But the fact of authentic videos means that you can be more almost like you're channeling some kind of spirit now I don't mean literally spiritual channeling I don't mean that but it's almost like when you are alive, really connected to your authentic expression.  That is the only part if you're going to plan out more carefully. That's the only part I would consider planning out the intro, and then the ending. Okay, so the intro. There are many different ways as you like if you if you end up taking my course or if you end up watching how I do it or how other people, how other good speakers do it. You can start taking notes how are they introducing the video, how are they starting out in the first 30 seconds, but even in the first three seconds, how are they starting out now I'm not talking about the videos that have a cool video logo because I don't have a cool video logo, you know, George cow.com, you know I, I don't have that stuff. I just start talking. Okay, but you can notice the people who start talking. How are they interesting in the first three seconds, and then, and then the first 10 seconds, and then the first 30 seconds, how are they take notes really watch your favorite speakers, you know whoever your favorite speakers are. How are they interesting in the beginning of their talk, right sometimes they start with a story sometimes I do that sometimes so you're a storyteller, and you might disagree with me, I don't know, but I don't I don't really tell stories that often I I know that's something I could work on, and I have lots of, you know, rest of my life to work on that. But my storytelling is basically I the simplest way I say it is. I've noticed that a lot of people think in this way, and then that's not your story. I think maybe it's my story, my version of it to say, you know client asked me about this, or the other day I was working with a client and we this So that's kind of the way I start with a story. But starting with a question is something that I often do I, you know, I'll say things like a really important question that I've been asked is this, or have you ever considered how this works or why we, or why we do this or have you ever considered how to achieve that goal or how to solve that problem. So question is also a good way to start. And then something I love starting with also is a controversial thought controversial idea. Because it gets people go wait I disagree with you or wait is that that's not how you. So a controversial idea I might say is, I really dislike marketing funnels. And I'll tell you why. Right so I must stop because you because you might have been trained in marketing funnels we talk everyone says marketing funnels right. Let me tell you why that you know, so so I might start with that and I back it up, or I might say I might be I love doing myth busting videos to so I might start with saying, just about everybody thinks that marketing is about this or just about everybody thinks that you could use this for any topic dog training is about this right so those are different ways of starting so observe how your favorite videos do it basically. So then you can plan out your intro. I think that's that's the best sustainable advice I can give you that give you enough work for the rest of your life but you could keep studying and then trying out. Ending, like I said is also important. Now, one thing I don't do you'll notice, which I get really annoyed by is all right before we go on like comment subscribe hit the notification bell, smash like like button, etc. That's what I don't do because well, I know for sure I'm not getting as many likes and comments and subscribers by not saying that. I just get annoyed when people say that so I don't want to do the golden rule. I don't want to do that to others, even though I'm falling on my own sword and not getting as many likes, I do trust that our ideal audience. And that's part of why we do authentic videos, the people who are willing to watch us without editing are our true fans, and our true fans are the most sustainable fans. The ones who spread the word like wildfire. So I'm always trying to build a true fan audience. I am careful. I'm actually careful not building a mass audience I don't want millions of followers. First of all, I don't want that many emails and that many comments to sort through I don't have this past week in fact, I was just on a, on a sort of a joint venture. I have 64 other marketing experts we all did a joint venture, and I was exhausted this past week because I had so many new subscribers, I checked out some of their profiles, most of them were not ideal for me honestly. Right, you know so getting lots of and then I get more emails and questions that are not really relevant it's like oh my gosh what an exhausting and I couldn't. So it's like, I don't want to be famous I want to just grow at a very gradual sustainable pace with true fans all along the way so the ending as I was about to say. is and I'll end this video my God this is getting too long. So the ending of a video, you might also want to carefully think that through what is your style of ending. So, I find the style that I'd like to end on when I remember to do it, I need to be more careful about it. But when I remember to do it I kind of bless people and I say, I wish you well, I hope the recipe, and I try to like say some kind of well wishes based on what I just said. So maybe if I'm talking about anti my anti marketing funnel philosophy I'll say, I wish you well in creating a truly organic and authentic journey for your clients, and have a wonderful day, something like that so so that's one way of ending it, but a lot of people ended by saying, you know, people want, you know, a really clever way of doing it, especially good for getting more algorithm for your channel is to invite them to watch another video, and you should to have, like I said, this will take planning, you would have already planned what's the next video from you from your channel that they should watch that's relevant, and you would therefore say, Hey, you know if you if you if you thought this was good. You should also watch my other video that we are talking more specifically about this aspect of the marketing fund or whatever you're talking about this aspect of dog training that's related to what I just said, you should watch that video and there will be a link below to watch that. And video video platforms like YouTube love this, because if you watch, if the video viewer watches one video and then another video from the channel, YouTube goes great we're going to put more of your videos in front of that person going forward. So that's another clever way of ending but I'll end the video by saying this, again, you have plenty of work ahead of you by simply studying how your favorite speakers and their videos and then you can experiment with trying out different styles and see what feels really good to you that you want to try out so I hope this is helpful.