I think what HCLU is doing with these video productions is spectacular. I mean, I think your ability to produce these videos in short time efficiently with a high level of quality editing, a high level of production is absolutely fantastic. It's an educational vehicle. It's sort of inspirational for other people that this level of professionalism can be brought to this. And also, because HCLU is at the cutting edge of all the discussions and debates in drug policy, both between the reform community and the drug warriors and also within the reform community, it provides a fantastic opportunity. I only wish we could imitate what you're doing in the United States so we can more effectively do what you do on the whole host of issues within the United States.


Everybody met here for late in sports cards ripping 2023 panini select WWE hobby six box break number one random box style I'm gonna randomize the names in the box numbers here in just a sec But these are boxes one two three four five six From left to right. All right. Here we go. Randomize the names then the numbers or randomize eight times one two three four five six seven and eight Sean P down to Matthew M and eight times on the box numbers one two three four five six seven eight right eight times Eight times Alright, that was a five down to three Alright, we have Sean P box five Andre K box four Brian H box one Berry s box six Anthony s box two and Matthew M box three. All right Get these results post them we'll get this started first. Look at 2023 panini select WWE There is a link to the results Okay, I'll do that Not the other one. All right Yeah, I'll take care of that after this Alright, let's do it Brian H is up next with box number one Can you think of anybody ever in wrestling?  This is is it ringside? I don't see the level number on it, but looks like it would be ringside level Alexa Bliss Jake the snake the hail Cody Rhodes Silver Shawn Michaels. Come on, Brian. Let's see something good for you Lyons undertaker silver brawn breaker and stone cold Tista There's GDP silver and To 99 speak up. There he is the Miz relic Otto Nice to appreciate it. Good luck with it You'll go sooner. There's Jerry the king luller tricolor And to 99 relic bronze or Can't tell if that's bronze. That's jay or Jimmy Uso Jensen Hank Walker Charlotte flair tricolor Undertaker sensations Candice Leray Roman Reigns. Oh moss blue our truth It is to 249 key to lions doing third diesel That is an exquisite mullet. Can't get that a great clips That's what Shawn wants to do Charlotte silver and To 49 at his auto red my co Satamura challenge He does kind of look like Kenny powers in that card our coffee Blue Alexa bliss Austin Therian Steiner John Cena and die cut Bianca Belair Lexa bliss sensation silver Solo Masso Sammy Zane tricolor Maurice box number two is Anthony s Like Anthony perfect. It's George the animal steal Brutus beef cake silver And to 25 that is tie-dye auto Tori Wilson There you go nice one Anthony Hall of Famer Tori Wilson. This is lime green to 75 brawn breaker X-Pac tricolor Paulo Cruz And Booker Bam Bam Chante Adonis light blue and to 25 that is tie-dye auto Shayna Baszler To tie-dye autos in the box for you Congrats Anthony is Andre Have you seen anything about the new Von Erick's movie? It's gonna be coming. I'm so hyped.  That's the dude from shameless, right? Yeah Jerry Lawler tricolor Otis ultimate warrior George the animal steal Our Georgian will steal die cut Chad Gable silver friend of mine just bought a Dual like an authenticated dual auto of Carrie and Kevin Von Erick Roxanne Perez refractor Oscar Liv Morgan silver and Cora Jade Relic Cody, let's see a nice golden here or something mr. Perfect tricolor Roman and Liv Morgan Blue stone cold 249 Bianca Greg Valentine. He told me something once it wasn't very nice No, Greg Valentine diesel red All right, that's it for box number two good box for you Anthony Matthew M. Has box number three We have one more select six box random box style then we have a revolution basketball Eight box random box style and we'll get into legacy football after that. There's Hulk Hogan newly married newly wed Hulk Hogan Charlotte and To 35 that is purple auto Gigi Dolan under Rousey. Oh, you got engaged. Well newly engaged in Sean Michaels Oscar silver. That's an awesome-looking card core Jade red Mysterio purple ronda Rousey It's the 99 and also the 99 short relic red Dolph Ziggler Like that's Red or bronze? Okay, red ricochet and Light green Randy Orton 75 Kevin Owens Jay Uso Chrome dust my lungs Georgian will steal Bailey Goldberg Purple big E Ultimate warrior global icons. They have the question marks. You know why because these from parts unknown took me a second I was like, why do they have all those question marks? lecture Lopez Andre the Giants silver La night and Lex Luger Good to have Lex on a legends deal that dude. He should have been in the Hall of Fame 10 years ago Oscar Tri-Color Bianca PDP and white brawn breaker. That is to 125 as we start and China Booker T silver and 25 tie-dye rookie auto Quincy Elliott razor Ramon Oscar Tri-Color Ripley and Zeus Awesome, I used to have a written shirt You haven't No, do you have any device that plays DVDs? No All right I'm bringing it. I'll loan you my DVD player and no holds bar and body slam great movie from the 80s drew McIntyre die-cut Becky Lynch sensation silver and be a Billy Gunn Andre Kaye has box number four Let's go Andre. There's Kofi die-cut Goonther and new silver Yeah, body slam has a one of the guys in the A team has Roddy Piper And Tom up from the Islanders Actually a really bad movie, but it's awesome edge silver and to 25 This is ringside action tie-dye auto Ios sky You go a nice one Andre lots of tie-dye autos in this Kate Maroon Finn baller sold out for the day grab up your spots for this night or this night two nights breaks There's Booker T red Roddy Piper global icons and ultimate warrior Also grab your spots for Lisa Perlative for us is ripping those over on the late-in-two channel today You should be live right now. There's Roddy Piper white Bray Wyatt 125 Bailey Nice, this is green Bianca Belair That is five of five. Congrats Andre awesome hit We'll mag that one for you Charlotte and Korra Jade Tozawa your stone cold tricolor Silver auto Montez Ford. I like his auto Montez Ford Turn cross silver KC Jane Elias tricolor Italian and cactus Jack Cactus Jack's world class days Joe coffee blue Berto in theville Tony D'Angelo Blue stone cold sensations like some bliss silver Chelsea green and to 49 blue relic Korra Jade Roddy Piper on the back for you Andre this stuff Congrats on that Bianca green Sean P Box number five Yellows Goldberg Lita silver and to 99 that is shirt relic red Shinsuke Nakamura Undertaker Gunther and Roman Reigns Tozawa tricolor our truth Fire and Sanger Sanga well Serena doesn't know I don't feel bad for knowing how to pronounce that one Sonya Deville and blue Nikita Lyons You still Toro This is red the Miz Orton tricolor Charlotte the rock Shawn Michaels silver Batista and John Cena Cameron Grimes silver and Oh, this is cool This is either to 60 or to 90 that is legendary signatures red Beth Phoenix nice Beth Godfather, that's either six of 60 or nine of 90 Yokozuna tricolor Dakota Kai and Becky Lynch Liv Morgan white and To 25 hi-dye auto Charlie Dempsey and Ballard Becky Lynch and Mark coffee light green heart and cross Chance Shelton Benjamin die-cut I oh sky silver and dragon Lee Say I oh, yeah, it's a yo sky How about down before to Berry s has box number six edge Cody Rhodes tricolor and Becky Mahala are they pushing her character? Oh Blue Bray Wyatt Yokozuna and beefcake Rick Steiner tricolor her pledge the Miz and red Shawn Michaels a moss Beth Phoenix silver San Perez and lead up ultimate warrior Alexa Bliss die-cut lead up silver and Rookie uncle howdy, okay, that was awesome extra Loomis silver Ron Strowman Oscar and white Nikita Lyons shirt relic Shotzi and Bianca Randy Orton Elias silver and 99 this is shirt relic Otto the Miz It's your all-time favorite rock moment Tristratus tricolor Hutski Bambam AJ Styles blue Seth Rollins Beth Phoenix and last pack X-Fock Nikita Lyons silver and to 49 that is rookie auto red Kiana James Bronbreaker on the back that'll do it for the break. Thank you everybody. We have six bucks number two up next


Everybody forced here ripping a dual case NBA 22 23 impeccable hobby and first off the line or first offline hobby is as the actual title is number one to your random teams Results are on your screen right now There's a link in chat if you need to see these again and any time late sports cards comm you get there available to find Results quick link is at the bottom of the page search bar is also a great tool to use to find results here We go y'all hobby and Foto our first look at photo. I believe spot on okay y'all are ready for this I'm gonna open up both cases. I want to see all the boxes. The gorgeous first off the line sticker. There it is everybody This case is so much heavier. They all have bar cards, right? I believe that's how photo used has always been. I would expect there to be Four total. All right, so this is our hobby stack here This isn't gonna fall. All right, um, so since we're gonna get a bunch of bar cards I'm probably just gonna open the bar cards as we get them even in the hobby one. We'll show right now Not gonna save all four bar cards Okay, nice Edwards 14 of 30 emerald T wolves nice little number to start Anthony Davis to 49 Lakers and a jazz rookie.  I mean a legend right here We've got a Matt Barnes auto 10 of 25. We were talking about him earlier warriors Matt Barnes Immortal ink from 21 22 impeccable. There he is the infamous Matt Barnes Blazers Bill Walton indelible ink 8 of 10 gold foil Bill Walton grateful dead David Roddy Rookie Auto Grizzlies to 99 rowdy David Roddy Stainless stars rookie auto to 49 Jalen Duren Jalen Duren. How you doing? Yeah, I know I so early what I learned last night Donnie came up with that. So you blame Don Jalen Duran awesome card here. We'll get it magged penny hardaway to 35 impeccable stars auto magic Nice penny Nice penny and our first bar card and then we'll have three more in the first offline case Oh, yeah, this guy last time. Oh shag bhaji did 20 tryouts of fine silver jazz Jazz having a nice start here with the base and the silver bar of bhaji That's the one from the hobby Oh That's yeah, I was gonna say dude who's doing that in june, Florida Keegan Murray stainless stars orange 20 to 25 Awesome card Kings Nice Keegan Ceremonies one thing like you got to have like an indoor like reception. I mean Ceremony better be quick better be quick like 15 minutes. We got to go Watching it from the reception. That's what I'm saying. Yeah, y'all broadcasting this thing Streaming on twitch. I'm gonna go hang out inside Streaming up here somewhere Christian Coloco to 75 Raptors rookie Nuggets them all married to 49 Nugs look pretty good last night. He looked good too. I think Nuggets just I don't know They have a little more And Christian Brown rookie nuggets out of 99 bucks Grayson Allen watercolors signatures to 99 Jazz and mortal ink Adrienne Danley out of 99 as well Nick's Julius Randall extravagance auto to 49 nice Julius Nuggets again here Jamal Murray canvas creations auto to 99 great box for the Nuggets and Thunder stainless stars rookie auto Jalen Williams four of 99 J Dub J Dub awesome J Dub Here's a link for flaws everybody three to go All right last hobby box close out the hobby case scratch surface a Box would not be a turn Not Jim all right stainless stars Ricky Dyson Daniels pelicans. This one's by 58 of 75 Okay, you got John Moran 32 out of 75 Sixers Tyrese Maxie 45 of 49 and piston's Bojan Bogdanovich in 99 All right Celtic's here Kendrick Perkins auto to 99 We got Matt and Matt Barnes and Kendrick Perkins in the same case We sure did Blake Wesley spurs rookie auto to 99. We need a big hit here. We need a big spurs on the Wesley Jazz Jordan Clarkson and Taliban link to 99 a low-numbered orange Dyson Daniels rookie auto stainless stars 12 of 25 Dyson Daniels he's he's Australian right Dyson Daniel 25 And on the back of the hobby case is Benedict Matheran elegance RPA Indiana Pacers Matt s Benedict Matheran Sam says like eight words when you fold these guys cards Photo case Photo case Guys want you guys want some bars? I don't see some bars. Oh, yeah. Oh, there's even another one it's you get like one bar that is non first off the line and then One that is first on this is gonna be four in this case actually so you need one more I Forgot about that they do the one bar that comes with it and then the at the bar that is the first off the line Perk so funny with his bad taste Because every time he says a bad take on like Nba live or whatever they all roast them anyway. It's hilarious. I think they like make him do it Like Perk just say some crazy stuff to make fun of you Mather into 20 two boxes one case Nice Mather into 20 we'll get that mags Got Middleton to 40 to 30 on the color match Middleton 30 Yeah, two brief cases is one case of flawless rookie Andrew Nemmard to 99 Pacers Nice Nemmard Pacers doing pretty well here Glen Rice heat canvas creations out of 499 That's not a silly question It's okay to not know how many bucks are in a case Rookie Auto Lakers Max Christie out of 99 and this guy's torment the magic Rip Hamilton auto It's a 49 pistons watercolor Him and Ray Allen, he was like a lesser version of Ray Allen dude always moving without the ball And you'd catch quick release knock down a jump bird. That's it Pistons Jalen Duren extravagance 10 of 10 three color pat rookie auto That's huge Chris H with Detroit beautiful during gold foil 10 of 10 pretty clean signature for an impeccable car. They had that like canvas surface. So it's not always the cleanest That's fire either way and another penny this time is to 93 68 of 93 on the impeccable rookie seasons auto. All right. Well, we got two bars here I don't know it's hard to tell what's what so I'm just gonna that might be the first off the line There anyway, where's over in both right now? This is the regular one pistons. Isaiah Thomas Troy ounce of fine silver eight of 20 IT and six of eight rookie Troy ounce of fine silver Jalen Williams NBA logo on the Williams six of eight We go We're moving Yeah, Victor all that all that number matches It's just appealing it doesn't matter who you are that's appealing right like we like that like that Stainless stars what went that way shade on sharp. I never go that way shade on sharp to 75 Very nice blazers card there shade on sharp Darius Garland nine of ten gold foil Cavaliers Cavaliers Tom T bringing us down to two on flawless So Tom last two spots of the evening Nice Starland there is Starland AJ Griffin rookie to 30. That's a nice one for the Hawks Man, he's back. Everybody be careful Yeah, J Dubb denying I thunder illustrious in seven to ten gold Herbert Jones pelicans Love this product man. Let's probably so good. I need somehow get me a palo Not even like an RPA. Just just a rookie out of out of this somehow Let's start saving up. Yeah Jason Richardson on the immortal ink to 99 More link. Oh, there is a scratch on the Richard. Yeah, that's like an imprint of something So warriors will send a box and wrapper so you can try to get the Richardson replaced nice J rich That's a magic legend right there. That's a magic legend.  Well, what'd you do? That's my first question thunder again here elegance rookie Jersey auto is mundane to 99 Spurs Jeremy Sohan Stainless stars rookie auto to 75 spurs and the Sohan and Celtics 10 of 60 on the J on the Jason Tatum auto impeccable stats. That's what I was trying to say impeccable stats Tatum auto to 60 great hit Celtics 60 points April 30th of about two years ago. Wow grad sees we'll get it mad for you Yeah, no war nor will be awesome when it comes out in a couple months. Love noir. We've got one of eight Jersey number Troy ounce of fine silver NBA logo sons Devon Booker Devon Booker Alasara grabbing the last two spots of the night. Thank you Alasara. Thank you everybody for joining that flotless break So we're good to roll in that one. We're done here Very nice D book one of eight Jersey number Troy ounce of fine silver So I forgot to ask this How do we feel about the Sun's hiring Frank Vogel? That was the hours. There's no way he was their first choice.  Well, that's good. At least you do have a high end that that likes you Made up at four on Monday. Oh, so the travel day gets next gets messed up. That stinks We've got Nicola Jokic stainless stars that guy is probably cruising towards the finals MVP to 99 Who needs an MVP when you just get a finals MVP instead? Guys insane That's what I'm thinking Vaughn. That's what I'm thinking Frank Vogel magic head coaching legend Lamello to 30 the Hornets Jordan pool 13 of 49 warriors and a rookie Kings Keegan Murray 70 of 99 Celtics and other Perkins auto to 99 other perk Blazers Lenny Wilkins canvas creations auto to 75 So you won't get that you're gonna play Red Dead Lenny best video game mission I've ever played is that mission? Rookie auto wizards Johnny Davis one of 99 Jersey number Doc, I don't think you went anywhere. Yeah Dyson Daniels again Pelicans good for a second tier break here to 49 rookie auto stainless stars Yeah, best mission I've ever played in a video game was the the Lenny and Arthur go to the saloon and Shets home grand elegance rookie patch auto 54 of 99 Okay, see Bang bang bang bang. That's what you hear when Sean and I are playing for tonight against you bang bang bang Awesome chat big chat he's literally big and On the back is another Dyson Daniels 2 of 8 tryouts to find silver first off the line bar card Pelicans very good for a second tier pretty solid break there We're gonna go ahead and recap all the hits and I'll be on the flawless So again break just sold out I'm gonna check personals after the after the after this break and then we'll see we're at with personal So it's gonna be pretty those are pretty close guys. They might be full This is Sean has a bedtime bedtime is 9 o'clock.  Sorry. It's almost there Almost there. I'm sorry Okay, three cases of optic in six minutes Anyone can do it. It's me. Yes, right Hurry up. I'm not sure Mars. I think the pistons were desperate. I mean it's good. It's great for him I think it's good for the pistons to have stability like Monty Williams Yeah, I guess I'll just leave it at that I don't think it's a bad thing Anyway, here's the recap everybody Dyson all the autos all the all the autos advice and Daniels Johnny Davis Lenny Wilkins as a blazer Kendrick Perkins who's Mon Jang Jeremy Sohan Herbert Jones Jason Richardson for the Warriors Penny Hardaway Rip Hamilton Max Christie Glenn Rice Dyson Daniels and the orange stainless stars Jordan Clarkson Blake Wesley Kendrick Perkins again Jamal Murray Julius Randall for the Knicks Adrian Dantley Jazz Streson Allen for the Bucks Penny Hardaway again for the Magic David Roddy Bill Walton to 10 for the Blazers Matt Barnes to 25 Warriors. Yeah, I think I think the pistons needed somebody to They've probably had to pay somebody that much like somebody like Monty that much money in your intern to get him there I would think elegance 10 of 10 rookie patch out of jail and during Matherin to 20 Matherin RPA as well God j-dub on the rookie auto Troy ounce of fine silver agbagi to 20 and a durin stainless stars Other another bar we had Dyson Daniels silver to eight Chet Holmgren RPA To 99 the book one of eight Jersey number sons Troy ounce of fine silver Tatum to 60 backable stats auto Celtics Jdub to eight try ounce of fine silver thunder crushed it and Isaiah Thomas piston silver bar Thanks again, everybody moving on to flawless now


This paper proposes a novel approach to regional rainfall runoff modeling by utilizing long short-term memory networks, LSTMs. This approach was tested against other hydrological models and demonstrated improved performance. Additionally, the authors proposed an adaptation to the standard LSTM architecture called Entity Aware LSTM ELSTM which allowed for learning catchment similarities as a feature layer in a deep learning model. These learned catchment similarities corresponded well with prior hydrological understanding. This article was authored by F. Krotzert, D. Klotz, G. Shalev, and others.


Welcome back to the ITU headquarters here in Geneva which is of course hosting the AI for Good Global Summit and I'm really pleased to have a man with me now who just gave a speech to all the delegates here. His name is Salih Shetty, Secretary-General of Amnesty International. I guess it's been a pretty busy few weeks for you recently but let's talk just about AI. I understand how AI can help big business, I can understand how it helps with medical care, I can understand how it helps education. I haven't worked out yet really how it helps with human rights. Tell me about that. It's early days I mean for AI in general and AI for human rights is very very early days but you know potentially something as basic as providing legal services as you know legal aid is not available in far-flunged places certainly for poorer communities it's almost inaccessible and not having lawyers absolutely you know it really makes a criminal justice system not function properly for the poor. So you can think of legal services as a very concrete thing but you could think of it when we think about human rights often we only think about civil and political rights but economic social rights include health, education, water so the applicability of AI for making education accessible, making health accessible and affordable is phenomenal but I must say I'm here more to actually talk about the converse which is the risks which we have to be very conscious of in relation to an unbridled unregulated artificial intelligence system coming into play which could potentially endanger human rights. In what sense that big day to get ends up in the wrong hands authoritarian leaders? The three dimensions which we are concerned about one is what does this do in terms of reinforcing existing prejudices and biases and sort of it could become a new way of discriminating against people already suffering from discrimination. Secondly there's a real issue about the transparency and the lack of transparency and the third is the issue of employment and what it could potentially do to increasing inequality and I could tell you briefly about each of these so if you take the inequality issue all the studies from World Bank etc showing that if you bring in artificial intelligence and robots to replace jobs automation could mean job losses of up to 87% in a place like Ethiopia 60% plus in a country like mine India or Nigeria even the OECD average is above 50% so I'm not suggesting that we should be ladied and say we don't need new technology but we have to be very conscious that it does displace people from jobs so we have to you know bring in mitigation kind of plans how do you address this on the issue of discrimination this is real it's already happening because you have AI powered systems for example now being used in the US for parole and sentencing in several US states and already studies are showing that you know the use an algorithm using historical data and already discriminates against black people so they're seen as you know black males are the ones who are mostly in jails in the US in fact also in Brazil for example and so you use an algorithm based on historical data you can be sure that their high-risk scores for black people and it's the whole predictive policing for example takes you towards you know what's the person's family name what's their neighborhood so this is starting to happen in the UK and US and clear patterns so there's a real kind of concern there and I think the only on the other side the transparency side you know we don't really know who's in charge here and so if for example if for military and policing if you start using killer robots who's accountable for that you know 19 states have already called for a complete ban on killer robots Chile Mexico Ghana so you need accountability you need systems in place so Amnesty International's call here today is that we had a fork in the road you know you could have a train which is hurtling down a track and breakneck speed without even a driver forget about being asleep at the wheel you actually don't even have a driver so we have to bring this thing into a place where it could be very beneficial you know you could have an AI system which actually counters historical biases which creates jobs which stops discrimination and which increases transparency it's possible but only if you have a designed system based on human rights principles and not flying blind yeah I thought with AI you could actually at the same time as the bad guys I guess amass information on people who are violating human rights and then you can almost name and shame better that way you could but you know where is the I mean who is doing that work you know the come the corporations the big corporations are investing are figuring out how to make the most money out of it right so there is no public engagement in this process I think a lot of the technologists and the engineers who are working on this would be very up for that but the people are putting the money behind it are not looking for public good as an objective so tell me again about how legal aid could be useful through AI in far-flung places I mean it's amazing you know because right now if you're for example I'll give you the example in India for example yeah so almost half the prison population in India are people who are what in India we call under trials which means that these are people who are in detention without trial they're just sitting there they should be able to get a bail and get out of jail so you can imagine if they had legal support to make sure that they can actually get out of jail because they can't afford to pay the bail but technically legally in India they're supposed to be released they've already served more than half the term of what they should have served for stealing a loaf of bread you know for very minor crimes so if legal support is available these people would be free and these are the biases are such that normally the people are in jail as so called under trials typically would be lower caste people poorer people Muslims you know like there's a clear bias in the way people end up in jail but how does AI provide the legal aid well I mean if it's a public good if you have a AI system which allows ordinary people to access it I'm not saying it's there today but I'm saying if governments work with technology companies and civil society organizations to make this available there's amazing things that could be done with you lastly yeah you've got big business here you've got researchers you've got startups the whole works at the end of the three days what do you want to come out of this so our call is that you know we are the kind of fork in the road you could get AI for good or you could get AI for good for a few people so the question is how do we move to AI for good for all and not some and for that we don't have you know if you start an intergovernmental negotiation process of the UN in today's climate I'm using the word advisedly when the US is pulling out of the climate agreement you're not going to get any solution to this so it has to be a fast-tracked way in which a multi-stakeholder process is started so we need something like a working group coming out of this meeting of key people who can move this you know in a positive way because we want to encourage innovation we want to get the technologies excited to do the right stuff but someone's got to be guiding them what the right stuff is so there's shatty that was the head of Amstee International talking to me very exciting very interesting what he has to say about the fork in the road about AI in the future thanks again for talking to us


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Okay, this is a keynote presentation on personality adaptations by Bob Cook and it's looking at Paul Ware's model of personality adaptations and it's a diagnostic model for therapists to be able to diagnose which personality adaptation the client is coming from when they present for treatment, how to contact them and ways or ways of looking at the areas to be aware of in terms of blocks to communication. Okay, so let's look at the six adaptations and we'll go first to the adaptation called obsessive-compulsive.  They usually are people who you know are very tied into shoulds, aughts, wants, musts. In other words, a lot of energy into high parent ego state. They have a psychological system where they go around with a high defining parent in their head. Their open door is thinking, target door is feeling and trap door is behaviour. So if the therapist is diagnosed that the person is coming from an obsessive-compulsive adaptation then they would be best served in terms of attunement to ask thinking questions. Rather than feeling questions or observing their behaviours. So they would appeal to their thinking first. The target door is where the person really wants to go to in terms of underlying processes and the trap door is which the therapist keeps away from because people obsessive-compulsives don't like behavioural change. Now of course in terms of where a person is going in terms of treatment planning the therapist is of course looking at the end for the person to integrate their feelings and their behaviours and their thinking. But the best way to contact somebody obsessive-compulsive so there's good attunement and rapport is through the open door which they like which of course is thinking. The second adaptation is paranoid adaptation. The open door in other words their attuned contact door is thinking. They're very good thinkers. Target door in other words what you're aiming for underneath the thinking which they quite like coming from which is feelings and of course the trap door which they want to at all costs keep away from which is behaviour. So if you want to tune well to them increase rapport ask them thinking questions. They're good thinkers they've had to do that to protect themselves in the past and to be able to predict the future and the present. So paranoid people pretty well people who are pretty suspicious they like predicting ahead but they are good thinkers and they like being addressed by thinking questions first. Okay the next adaptation would be schizoid. This is the withdrawn passive often daydreaming type of character. Schizoid means split so they're often split between their thinking feeling and behaviour and they're people who are highly dutiful so they'll come regularly for therapy they're highly adapted so they've got very strong pleas others drivers and the best way or the most attuned contact door their open door is behaviour then you're heading towards thinking and finally the door they don't want to go to but you need to integrate this with their thinking and their behaviours of course feelings so you keep feeling inquiring questions for last or certainly keep away from so it's behaviour thinking and feeling for this type of character okay passive aggressive okay so these are the people who communicate through passive aggressive processes often turned inwards though of course you know they're angry their open door is behaviour their target door is feeling and you keep away from thinking questions and these types of people like to struggle they get intimacy by struggling they want you to do their thinking for them and they need to integrate feeling and thinking okay so let's now go on to hysteronic somebody who's an hysteric of course their open door would be feeling so feeling inquiry or feeling questions this is the best way to increase rapport with this type of person their target door is thinking so they're quite like a therapist that will ask them thinking questions but they need to of course first been communicated through feeling questions and of course where they don't like to go is anything to do with behavioural change so in the end of the day of course they need to know they can think and feel at the same time and they're people who you increase rapport through feeling inquiry anti-social people i'm often called charming manipulators their open door is behaviour their target door is feeling and of course the trap door place where they don't want to go is thinking so you you meet this person through behavioural observations aimed at thinking questions oh sorry aimed at feeling questions to integrate their thinking often they're quite adapted in some ways i know one another nickname for them would be charming manipulators so they're people who often you will not see in psychotherapy if they do come to psychotherapy they often come because they've been sent or they need to come for issues perhaps which the courts have wanted them come to so you but you don't really see them in psychotherapy okie dokie so


Good afternoon, everybody, and welcome back again to Latin American Directions. My name is Nicola Susman, and we're back with new shows after a short pause. Today, we have our guest Santiago Vargas Niños, Santiago is an international lawyer, and is very interested and keen about Colombian politics or Latin American politics overall. And we're going to unpack the results of last Sunday's election in Colombia. The unforeseen wing of a left candidate. And yeah, we're going to see what this implies for Colombia. Santiago, thank you so much for being here. Welcome to Latin American Directions. Thank you very much, Nicolás.  Thank you. So Santiago, maybe let's provide a bit of context to the audience. What happened in Colombia in this election? Who's Gustavo Petro? Who's Transia Marquez? Let's just set the ground to see what we will be discussing tonight. Of course. So we have presidential and congressional elections every four years. The last one was in 2018, which elected a majority right wing congress and a right wing president in Iván Duque Marquez. His government was characterized by an opposition to the implementation of the 2016 peace agreement between the Colombian government and the FARC rebel group, a surprising levels of corruption and carrying favor to political clientels and an unfortunate increase in violence, inequality, and poverty as a result of the emergence of new organized armed groups and also the coronavirus pandemic that struck Colombia very hard, leaving an estimate 140,000 Colombian citizens dead and basically raising 10 years of fight against poverty and inequality. On the other hand, you have a very prominent leader of the left, Gustavo Petro Urrego. He used to be a militant of the M19 rebel group, which was pretty well known for the spectacular actions in the 1980s and early 90s. For instance, this was a guerrilla group that stole the sword of Simon Bolivar, the liberator of vast swaths of Latin America from Spanish imperial rule or the unfortunate takeover of the Palace of Justice in Bogota in 1985, which ultimately led to the murder of basically the entirety of the Colombian Supreme Court of Justice, as well as several visitors and service providers at the hands of the Colombian military, mostly. He demobilized in 1990 as part of the M19's decision to return to peaceful ways, and he has been a prominent leader who has occupied several roles as the congressman, mayor of Bogota, and leader of the opposition to Ivan Dukin. His candidate for the vice presidency is Francia Marquez-Mina, an Afro-Columbian woman from the Cauca region in the Pacific Basin. She has been well known for her activism in defense of the environment. So for instance, in 2016, she won the prestigious Goldman Environmental Award for her work against illegal mining in La Toma Municipality in Cauca. She conducted an independent campaign for the, let's call them the primaries of this election under the banner of a communal Afro-Columbian movement called Soy Por Que Somos. I am because we are. And she obtained 800,000 votes, which were even higher than the tally of votes of the center coalition primaries and the far-right coalition primaries. So she became basically a banner holder for a number of different social and environmental causes. And Gustavo Petro finally decided to make her his ally for this election, which they just won with 11 million votes, a bit over 11 million votes, which is the higher voting that any left-wing party has ever received in the history of Colombia and facing a rather particular competitor in Rodolfo Hernandez, who wasn't only a right-wing politician, but also had a sort of Trumpian persona. He was a very successful developer in Bucaramanga, sitting in the northeast of Colombia, close to the border with Venezuela. He entered politics as mayor of that city on a platform of anti-corruption and transparency. But over the years, he was suspended repeatedly by disciplinary authorities because of his character, basically. He entered into fights with council members, with the press. He was constantly using slurs, xenophobic, and misogynistic offenses and unpleasant words against his critics. And he has been accused of corruption in a scandal that is widely regarded as vitologic. And it involves the contracting of sanitary support for the city of Bucaramanga for a period of 10 years, which amounted to around half a billion pesos. And he was allegedly trying to favor the negotiation on his son's behalf. So he was definitely not the most savory of candidates, but the anti-Petro movement in Colombia was so strong that he still garnered the support of over 10 million Colombian voters. Right, that's a very good context on Diego for the audience. And then all my question for you would be that. Why now Colombia is known to be a traditionally right-wing country? This is the first time in history that we have a left-wing president. And to be honest, from my personal perspective, I never thought I would see that. It's very surprising. We have a very traditional country, or at least that's where our elections showed historically. No one in the left had achieved to win and even some left-wing ideological candidates that had left-leaning policies during the 20th century achieved to win somehow through traditional right-wing parties. So this is the first openly left-wing and very left-wing candidate that won the presidency. So my question is, why now? What's different from the last 200 years? Yeah, well, first of all, I would definitely like to stress what you just said in our Republican history. We've been governed mainly by right-wing politicians divided into the two traditional liberal and conservative parties. Even though there were a certain number of, let's say reformist governments in the mid-19th, sorry, in the middle of the 20th century. So yeah, mid-1900s, such as López Pumarejo or Geras Westrepo or even López Miquelsen who were in a certain way, let's say, influenced by growing social demand coming from the worker unions, women's movements, et cetera. They weren't really left-wing politicians as such. Whereas Gustavo Petro certainly embodies a left-wing ideology, which I would perhaps position around the social democracy that is reminiscent of the welfare state in Europe after the Second World War, but which definitely seems to be like a breakaway with a very conservative, militaristic, religious, and landowner path of Colombia. And I think this has been many, many decades in the making. So for instance, we had the experience with the Unión Patriótica or Patriotic Union political movement in the 1980s, which was formed after a peace accord was signed between the government of president, Belisario Tancurcuartas and the FARC rebel group, which ultimately demobilized in 2016. And unfortunately, the Unión Patriótica faced the systematic campaign of extermination that led to roughly 6,000 assassinations and deportations of its membership and its political leaders. Amongst them, I suppose, we could highlight very briefly the cases of the U.S. and U.S. who was a judge, a very well-respected leader of the Judiciary's Union, and a rather democratic, open, and transparent candidate who ran for the office of the president in 1986 but was unfortunately gone down on his way back to Bogota in 1987. Then we had the case of Bernardo Jaramillo Osa who was again a very well-respected human rights lawyer who ran for the presidency in 1990 for the Unión Patriótica political movement and was assassinated at the airport in Bogota. And then we had also Luis Carlos Galán Cermiento who was certainly not a member of the Unión Patriótica political movement, but who was also left leaning and very conscientious about the situation of the majority of the Colombian electorate and was unfortunately murdered in 1990 as well by the Medellín cartel. This left a sense of grievance in large swathes of the Colombian electorate. They were looking for ways to participate in a political system that had been traditionally closed to them by an urban elite composed of the few industries that exist in Colombia, landowners who possess over 50% of the agricultural land in Colombia and the clients of political leaders in both Bogota and several regions. And I believe that when the peace agreement was signed in 2016, this hope for a political openness in more democratic society was palpable and the difficulties in the implementation of that peace agreement as a result of a red wind government that has also had recourse to armed violence without any sense of proportion that has, you know, not paid attention to the social needs of the majority of the population and that handled the 2021 national strike very poorly led to a sense of of urgency. We needed a change. We needed to break away with the elites that had been governed as for most of our Republican history and Petro and Francia Marques basically learned how to encompass those needs into their political agenda and how to provide a voice for the voiceless like Francia Marques constantly says with reference to a poem by Galliano, Los Nadias, the no ones, the nobodies, they embody them and I think that's what ultimately led to their election. In fact, if you look at an electoral map of Colombia, the majority of the votes for Petro and Francia Marques came from the far away regions in the borders of the country whereas the center of the country mostly voted for Rodolfo Hernandez. So you could definitely say that it's a response to this sense of urgency for a change. Right. Right. I think that's a very, very good diagnosis in addition to an unmatched participation in the election, right? So people who never voted before regions that never voted before participated. So actually people who never voted in the election, they had to add it to this and it's a very... Well, the very demonstration of what you say, the claim of the least favored of the marginalized to be put in the government, right? Also because a tipping point was all right with the pandemic, with inflation, with, well, everything that's going on in the world undoubtedly. Correct. It comes easily in most conversations in this situation, right? And it's like, why is this or not a situation of Colombia turning into Venezuela and how Petro and Francia are different or similar from other left-wing leaders in the region? Of course, this pops up immediately and it was a recurring theme during the presidential campaign. What I would say is that as opposed to Hugo Chavez, who was an officer of the Venezuelan army who had already tried to overthrow the government by use of force, Gustavo Petro never partook in armed actions of the M19 rebel group. He was basically a promoter of their ideology in the Sipakiram municipality on the outskirts of Bogota. He was handing out leaflets and building a popular neighborhood. The problem was that he was doing so with a firearm on his waist. So in 1985, he was actually arrested by the military police. He was subjected to what nowadays would constitute a trial that is flagrantly in violation of human rights standard as it was conducted by a military judge. He was imprisoned for roughly a year and a half in which he denounces to have been tortured and humiliated. But after that experience when he demobilized as part of the M19's transition towards a political party, he made a strong commitment to democratic rule. He participated in the drafting of the 1991 Colombian constitution. He always had recourse to fair elections in order to gain his power. He was very secured politically by former ombudsman Alejandro Doniz Maldonado. Even though he was unlawfully deprived of his seat as mayor of Bogota, he never called for anything other than recourse to lawful means of conflict resolution. So he appealed to Colombian courts and to the inter-American system of human rights in order to be reinstated. And even though he is constantly compared with a dictator and made fun of for his chances, his political views, the even appearance that he presents himself with, he has always had recourse to dialogue and to an ever-growing, let's say, moderate and the dialogical approach to politics. So I really don't think that his sympathies for Chávez, which are undeniable, will in any way mean that Colombia is about to turn into another Venezuela. And in fact, I think it's quite unfair to try and, you know, change the politics in the continent. The left is definitely more than just Hugo Chávez. You can see how diverse the Latin American left is when you look at the government of Gabriel Boric in Chile, when you look at Alberto Fernández in Argentina, when you look at Gustavo Petra in Colombia, they all have very different agendas and views that only coincide in, you know, seeking to build a more equitable society for their voters. And in the case of Petra, I think that one of the things that provides the most guarantees regarding, you know, the stability of the country is that people he has surrounded himself with recently. You have Alejandro Gaviria, former presidential candidate for the Center Coalition. You have Maui Lara, a very well-known journalist who also was a Senate candidate from the Center Coalition. You have a number of, you know, bureaucrats, technocrats, people who have, you know, skin in the game and who really want to make this a successful democratic government and not some sort of undemocratic regime change as we saw in Venezuela over 20 years ago. Right. Right. I think that's very good from what we've discussed in this show, the authoritarian democratic spectrum, right, which we think is the right one to analyze Latin American, even global politics, not the ledger right anymore. Also, I would just like to briefly get your thoughts on also the economic fears that people have regarding the first left-sided country, government in our country. What do you say to these people who are afraid of losing not only their riches, but also of phasing, unforeseen inflation, tax charge that is higher than they ever seen and maybe not see the benefits. What would you say to these people? Well, first of all, that they shouldn't believe the propaganda about Pedro, you know, being about to take over their private property. If anything, his program is very capitalistic in nature because what he wants to do is to increase the number of private landowners in the country by utilizing territories that currently belong to the nation, to the state, either because they were, you know, never in private hands ever since the Colombia became independent or because they used to belong to drug traffickers or other types of criminals and, you know, they relinquished their right to those lands during legal process.  Also, of course, he has a very ambitious social plan which would definitely require tax reform in order to, you know, finance the social expense that he has in mind. But in that regard, I would say that this isn't a monologue, even though he has some ideas which I personally think are quite, you know, worth looking at closely. So for instance, getting rid of unjustified exemptions on corporate gains, taxing wealth, the wealthiest individuals of society which are a handful of Colombians less than 1% of Colombians in a way that is progressive and not, you know, entirely arbitrary and also creating taxes to promote productivity rather than you know, the grabbing of land for no purpose other than, you know, maintaining your wealth. Those policies will have to be discussed within his own administration. We are hearing that maybe Augusto Ocampo, Alejandro Gawiria, Ivan Rudolf Holmes may become his secretary of the Treasury to make, you know, make it comprehensible for people abroad. These are people who are very technical and who will not risk Colombia losing their wealth. They will not be able to give gradation for credit or, you know, facing growing inflation. But also this will have to be discussed in Congress because any tax reform requires the approval of both the chamber, the House of Representatives and the Senate. So there is plenty of time for democratic policies to be taken into account. And I think that this is a very important part of the Maryland crisis. Right. Right. Well, Santiago, we think this has been very enlightening and you have set with great clarity the context and the main concerns and issues regarding, regarding Petro's election. In just one minute. Any lesson and final reflection, you would like to leave to the audience, not only Colombian audience, but I would like to leave to the audience. Of course, that I was very pleased with the readout from the call between President Biden and President Oleg Petro, because it shows that our strategic interests continue to align. We will work together implementing the peace agreement, trying to curb climate change and promoting, you know, climate change in the region. So Colombia continues to be a key strategic partner of the U.S. I don't think Petro will threaten that at all. And what I would expect from Washington is their ongoing bipartisan support as we've received thus far. That's very interesting and also very relieving for our viewers in the U.S. Colombia from what we see will remain a key strategic partner to the U.S. Santiago, thank you very much for your reflections. We hope to continue analyzing this situation. Hopefully we'll have a series with different people from different parts of the Colombian spectrum considering how unforeseen. I just want to leave the audience with this. It is the first time in 200 years of Republican existence that we have a left candidate and there's a left wing president back there unless a region surprises us with something more pressing in the following weeks, which very much would happen. It's likely to happen. We'll see you in two weeks to continue discussing this. This was Latin American Directions. Thank you very much. Thank you very much.


Here is a photograph of a particle track in a hydrogen bubble chamber from the Brookhaven National Lab. Given the direction of the applied magnetic field, electrons will curve clockwise. This is a medium speed electron arching through the cloud chamber. Since we know the strength of the magnetic field applied across the bubble chamber, we can calculate the particle's momentum by measuring the radius of its curvature. The straighter the path, the faster the particle is moving. Also, remember that accelerating electrons lose energy by radiating photons. This causes the electrons to slow down and their curvature to increase. At these three points, we see that stationary electrons in our path have been bumped into motion. These are called knock-on electrons. Because they are moving very slowly, they spiral rapidly to a stop. We see a lot of these in bubble chambers. The track ends when the electron is captured by a proton to form an electrically neutral hydrogen atom. In this bubble chamber photograph from CERN, we see a particle's track rotating counterclockwise. This indicates that it is positively charged. The particle's line is also thicker than the others. This indicates that it is a large, slow-moving particle. This is a characteristic of proton tracks.