Hello and welcome to People's Dispatch. Today, we are joined by Shadah Audeh, the general director of the Palestinian Health Work Committees. And we're going to be talking about the COVID-19 situation in Palestine. We know that in the past couple of days, there has been a case of reported community infection in Gaza. There's been a lockdown. But also over the past few months, there have been a number of cases reported. So we would like to talk to Shadah about some of these issues. Thank you so much for joining us. So could you first give us a quick outline of what's happening right now, both of course in Gaza, but also in the West Bank regarding the COVID-19 situation? What has been the trajectory of the disease as well? OK, thank you for this kind of important interview and give us the space to talk about our situation and our response to COVID-19. In general, you know that as a Palestinian, we are under incubation. So we have the problem will be doubled because of the procedure of the occupation and because of the COVID-19. So the life for people in West Bank and Gaza is difficult because of this condition, because we consider incubation undermined the livelihood of the people at different level concerning the economic status, concerning the right to movement and to reach and to have the access to the services that are available. For example, in the West Bank, and people should they come from Gaza to be treated in the hospitals in the West Bank. This needs security permissions. And most of the permission for Gaza and people denied by the Israeli securities and they need to cross the borders. And the Human Rights Organization always recommend percent or high percent of the people, patients of cancer, patients of heart disease, patients of dialysis are waiting and waiting and they are also subject to compromise to give them information if they want them to enter and take permission to be treated in the West Bank. And also people in the West Bank also suffer from difficulties to enter Jerusalem. And Jerusalem also, if I live in parts in West Bank and need to be treated in the hospital, in the Arab hospital inside Jerusalem, in East Jerusalem, I'm talking exactly. And I need also a security permission. So many people also, they refuse their security permit to give them security permission. So they were undermined to reach this hospital. So this our right to have an access for supervision and medical treatment is intensified by Israeli occupation and now because of also COVID-19. Our healthcare system is not ready to handle of this kind of benademic virus. But that's why the healthcare system in Palestine and the Palestinian Authority, they took an intensive measures as a preventive measures. The lockdown for a long period because really our hospital is not capable to have difficult cases and they need intensive care treatment. And sorry to say that also the capacity of our existing the equipment and shortage of staff and medical staff also still consider one of our conditions. And lately because most of medical equipment, medical supplies, devices need to be imported from outside the country because we don't have factors or we are dependent on the Israeli market. And lately because of the Israeli closure and the century deal by the American side and the Israeli side and the annexation of the land, they cut the relation between the Israeli and the coordination of the security and the movement between the Israeli side and the Palestinian side. This also we respect this position by the Palestinian Authority and to maintain our rights and our self-determination. But also this affect our life at the level of economic status and at the level of the health situation. There is a lot of also workers, Palestinian workers, they work inside the area of 1948 inside Israel. And there is a Palestinian position that they asking ask the workers not to go inside the settlements for work or inside Israel because they do not treat it very well and they discriminate against them in terms of testing them or giving them all the protection they needed. So the source of the first source of COVID-19 were coming from workers inside the settlement and inside the Israeli side. And the Palestinian Authority, they took an action to examine the workers who came from the Israeli side and asked them not to go again unless after 14 days. We found that the Israeli side, they opened a legal opening in the walls instead of cross borders to let the workers to go and not to go in the direct way because in the direct way they went in this area, in this way, the Palestinians they know. So they give them an Israeli, they give an alternative, they open around 300 area, it's a legal opening to let the worker go through. This is one part. Also the condition that for example, Palestinian side, they decide to do lockdown and to give extra measures to fight the COVID-19 because we don't have that much enough hospital equipped with high quality of people and medical staff and equipment. So we found that in Jerusalem and in the Israeli bar, they do not have this kind of precaution. They decided to let everything open and if people have the COVID-19, okay, they will go for treatment but will let the life go. So many people came from Jerusalem, who have Jerusalem ID, they came, the Arabs inside the area 14-8. Also they came to the Palestinian side to visit the families for marketing and so on. This is another source of paradigm. There is a discrepancy between the procedures that the Palestinian Authority put and the procedure that the Israeli side put and because still the borders open because there is an area inside the West Bank is not under the Palestinian control, like the Air Force according to Oslo Accord. You find people, for example, they do not follow the precaution. They have weddings, parties because they said you are not having control in our areas. Even they took services from the Palestinian Authority. So, yes, the situation is very complicated on the ground because, for example, I'm living in a city and surrounded by villages around the city of Ramallah. Both of these villages, it's considered area C. So in Ramallah, they are, for example, people, they follow the lockdown procedures. People in the villages, because they are area C, they are under the control of the Palestinian Authority, they do not follow. And they go and travel, for example, to the city and the opposite. So this is, yes, make the difficulties in following the protocols and procedures. This is in one side. According to Gaza, all the people they know that there is a political division since long time and Gaza is under siege more than 12 years now and they were subject to three wars by Israeli. So the Gaza is under, lives a very difficult situation in terms of daily life. There is a high level of poverty, high level of employment, high level, they are under siege. They can't travel outside. They can't come to West Bank. Now, and also the health care system suffer from shortage of medication, shortage of equipment, always the heat fuel for the generators. The hospital have difficulty to operate because of the lack of electricity, the lack of drinkable water because they found that most of the water inside the Gaza is contaminated and this condition become worse and worse because of COVID. Recently, there is a cases start in Gaza, which threatened and make the situation in Gaza. I hope that will be safe and be safety for them because we are very worried about the situation in Gaza if COVID-19 become more benedemic. Even it is the borders is closed. Even they are under the siege. One case came from Gaza to Jerusalem to do treatment for her child. He needed a surgery and she were infected and she returned back to Gaza. And now there is another cases infected and they found that local cases infected and they don't know the source. Even the border are closed. But we don't know if they have enough quarantine areas. We don't know if the hospitals is sufficient and ready to face the situation there. And even in West Bank, I'm talking about West Bank's national organization here and they support the Palestinian authority and the Palestinian healthcare system. But in Gaza, the situation is more difficult. The access for all the supplies, all the medications is hard to be reachable for the people there. Yes, this is because of both the political division because of occupation and their procedure and the harmful procedure I can say because there is a bumping over parts of Jerusalem recently and also because of the COVID-19 in general.


Being the broadcast engineer here I deal with a lot of our technology making sure everything works. We ultimately chose RETAL because it fit our price point and had the inputs we needed for what we do. The features were exponentially better. The symbolize features that stood out were the ease of use with touch screens. This unit allows us to quickly get through our replays, quickly get through team challenges in a way that does not interrupt the flow of the broadcast. The best feature is the ability to rewind clips and be able to see every single angle that you would need all at the same time. Having the ability to export clips while we're live has been huge for our social media team and everything they do. We see something happen and so we got to get that out to the fans as soon as possible. We've also grown a relationship with RETAL in the comms aspect with how vast our need is for communication between all of our teams. I would highly recommend RETAL's products as well as working with their team. I would recommend the RETAL Remotion 8 to pretty much anybody looking for a high-quality replay system that doesn't break the bank and allows for the ease of use in multiple inputs.


Hi you guys my name is Brittany and welcome back to my youtube channel.  You guys this video was definitely inspired by another youtuber's channel. Her name is Michelle G I absolutely love watching Michelle's videos. I love her perspective and her thoughts and her ideas about homeschooling And I love her unique take on homeschooling her videos. They really really they get me thinking. I love Watching people that's challenging like my thoughts and my opinions and I really love hearing her thoughts and her opinions That she shares on her youtube channel I'm going to link her channel down below because She has some very thought provoking videos that she has made that I have thoroughly enjoyed so Uh in a response to Michelle's video where she shared her biggest homeschooling mistakes I am going to be sharing all of my biggest homeschooling mistakes Really in hopes to help any of you guys who are just starting off in your homeschooling journey And really just to share the more vulnerable side of me and my homeschool and my homeschooling journey I really hope that my channel doesn't make it seem like my homeschool is this like picture perfect homeschool Because it definitely isn't I really went through the drenches in my homeschool especially in my first Two years really trying to find my footing in this homeschooling community And I really hope today's video will just share with you guys Some of my lows and how I have I guess pivoted and changed throughout the seasons of my homeschooling journey So first things first my first homeschooling mistake that I've made was mimicking other homeschoolers that I've seen on youtube Now one of my absolute favorite homeschoolers that I first started off watching on youtube was Tori From the Oglesby on Hannah and I really found myself in my first year of homeschooling really mimicking her style of homeschool While Tori did a lot of things that really helped me in my first year of homeschool Some things that she did in her homeschool wasn't beneficial to me in my homeschool And it really took me some time to be able to break away from I guess Those people that we look up to to be able to find my own footing in my homeschool And find things and resources that was going to work out for me and for my kiddos I definitely found myself really mimicking other youtubers and other homeschoolers that I was seeing because I don't have anyone around me that I could actually see I guess that homeschooling journey being like shown out None of my family members have ever homeschooled. I really believe i'm the first one to start this homeschooling Adventure I am like the pioneer in my family So, um, I guess it was really scary for me Just to go ahead and start off with like no type of I guess Reproduction that you can kind of see a lot of times We either reproduce what we see in the school environment or we tend to mimic what we see other homeschoolers do Instead of really digging in deep and finding our own footing in our homeschooling journey And that was one of the mistakes that I made first off My second homeschooling mistake that I made was you guys I did not have Enough confidence in myself I lacked the confidence to be able to know that I had the ability to teach and educate my own children Regardless of my personal education background and I really feel like I allowed I limited myself a lot in my first few years of homeschooling Really doubting if I was truly capable to give them a well-rounded education And um, you guys like I definitely have proven My old self wrong because seeing the growth in my children throughout these years of homeschool I am in my fourth year of homeschool right now And it's just amazing to be able to see all the growth from my oldest daughter who is now in middle school We started off when she was in the third grade. She had public school experience for k in half of second We started homeschooling due to the pandemic So, uh, it was really from like second grade until sixth grade I was homeschooling her and really I guess laying those foundations with my oldest daughter And it's so crazy when I look back at some of her beginning work that she did in our homeschool Some of the record keeping that I saved to seeing what she's doing now And it just blows my mind that I was the one to facilitate Her education and to see all of that growth throughout these years and to really prove myself that you know I can do this and even when I feel like I'm lacking in certain areas I have the capability to outsource to research to educate myself in order for me to continue to Go along with my kiddos in their educational journey, especially as my oldest you guys. She's getting up here. So Um, I definitely will say not having confidence in myself was my biggest mistake that I've made in my early years of homeschooling My third mistake you guys that I made was trying to fit into mainstream Homeschooling trying the most trendy and popular curriculums and all of the homeschooling trends trying to keep up with that That was my third biggest mistakes.  Everybody wants to try out that new and shiny thing And um, I found myself on that bandwagon, especially within my first two years of homeschool I definitely will say when I started off my homeschooling journey you guys, um, It was two main homeschool curriculums that was out there Everyone was on them Which was the good and the beautiful and master books and I definitely will say they didn't you know, um, I guess For me personally It didn't match the hype that I was seeing on all of these variety of platforms those two particular curriculums But we're going to get into the curriculum mistakes that I've made A little bit further, but I definitely will say, uh, trendy, um, homeschooling trends I definitely was on those bandwagons But now I find myself creating and doing things in my own unique style that goes into my third Mistake that I feel like I made was my homeschool is unique I had to embrace the fact That you guys I love testing. I love grades I love a big old-fashioned big old teachers manual Um, I love those things in my homeschool and um in mainstream homeschooling You will see a lot of people steer away from you know the grades the traditional testing the traditional curriculum But I really enjoy those things being used In my homeschool. I don't know what it is I enjoy, uh, giving my daughter a grade after she finishes her math test and slapping a big old sticker on there And telling her that she did a good job I really enjoy seeing her growth when I do give my oldest daughter in particular Test and things like that because I really can't give like my kindergarten or my preschool or like tests or things like that Right now because they're still really really young But when my daughter hit like the fourth and the fifth grade my oldest that was really when I embraced the style of testing We do standardized testing in our homeschool And at first I really was nervous to have a state where I am required to do standardized testing Every third year, but now I have been doing standardized testing yearly In our homeschool and it's so beneficial to me and my homeschool for me to be able to see The particular areas of growth that she has the areas we need to hone in on and it's so useful for me because I'm able to see Okay, um, we can need to focus a little bit on vocabulary. We need to focus a little bit on reading comprehension I'm able to see those pinpoints of her academics where we can kind of hone in and if I didn't give her Any type of test or standardized test? I wouldn't be able to have that knowledge to be able to better serve my oldest daughter now my younger two When they get up here, I will begin testing them I probably will begin testing them in second grade because for the state of georgia We do have to start testing in the third grade So probably one year before the cutoff just to kind of get them into the mode of testing And for me to really see uh, where we are at in my homeschool. So That is one thing that I have totally embraced in my homeschool And I'm okay with that another thing that I have embraced or I guess a big mistake that I have made was trying to be This free and relaxed homeschooler. This like wild and free homeschooling mom You guys like I envy and I still sometimes envy a little bit these wild and free homeschool moms that really Just really embrace that like charlotte mason that nature study that you know, really free form of education And it's really beautiful to see those particular homeschools But to really be honest that is not me at all like And I had to embrace the fact that I am never going to be that homeschooler while it looks beautiful and Uh, it looks relaxed and it looks free flowing. That's just not me. That's just not my homeschool That's just not what my kiddos particularly crave in my homeschool And I had to be okay with that Um, another thing that I have made and my biggest mistakes that I've made and this goes into curriculum you guys Is curriculum hopping and switching Especially I did that too much in my earlier years not doing enough research when it came to my curriculum And some curriculum switches. I feel like I gave up on too soon. So A lot of that you guys really has come with experience I have so many videos on my channel and some of them right now They're cringy for me to watch uh of all the different curriculums that I have dabbled into and A lot of them I really regret I really feel like if I would have dug in deep and I would have did more research On the particular curriculums I probably wouldn't have purchased them in the first place because I would be really able to see Is this going to work for me in my homeschool or am I being influenced by What I'm seeing someone else using their homeschool and how it looks so beautiful and how it looks so fun in their homeschool But really being honest with myself and knowing Is this curriculum going to be a good fit for me for my homeschool and for my kiddos My number one biggest curriculum regret was really Falling into the cave of the height of the good and the beautiful when I first started off my homeschooling journey Um and also master books now There are some aspects of those particular curriculum companies that they do very well or they do okay But overall I really will say Compared to all of the great and excellent curricular resources out there I really feel like the good and beautiful and master books are really beginner level curriculums I feel like now we are seeing more and more people being open on this platform And really sharing their honest thoughts and opinions about the good and beautiful I felt like it was something wrong with me When the good and beautiful did not work in my homeschool because I was seeing it working In so many other people's homeschools I uh felt like it was something that I was doing wrong And I continuously tried to make this curriculum fit for us when it really was not I guess what I was looking for as far as laying that great Um foundation in my homeschool as far as my kiddos education Now the curricular choices that I have used Outside of that I have been thoroughly pleased with the results and with the foundation That it has laid for my kiddos and I definitely will say I am happy that more people are being open and more honest about their experiences with these particular curriculum companies and um I will always remain honest and open when it comes to my Personal experience with curricular companies and things that have worked out for us things that hasn't I really try my best in my curriculum reviews that I make now to really share the pros and the cons because you guys There is no perfect curriculum out there Even though I have settled in when it has come to my curricular choices in my homeschool I still can say they are not a hundred percent perfect I have made modifications and adjustments to make them fit us not me fit the curriculum And I think that took me a lot of time and experience to really be able to realize that Me hopping around from different curriculums is not going to help me I guess, uh, I guess reach those goals that I want to reach overall in my homeschool those educational goals that I want to reach I really need to remain consistent and uh continue to uh vet out quality Choices and you know, that's all I'm going to say when it comes to that. Um Another thing I will say is not being consistent in my homeschooling schedule and routines Really knocked me in my first two years of homeschool now when I started off my homeschooling journey you guys I did have a six month old and a two year old I was still breastfeeding and I was potty training It was a crazy season and me starting off my first year of homeschool I will say I did nail down a schedule pretty quickly But when I reached my second year of homeschool I was seeing people doing their schedules a little bit different and I tried to change it up And that was the worst mistake that I made was trying to change our schedule and routine Especially when we already had something that was flowing Just because I was seeing someone do something that was a little bit different and I wanted to try it You guys I learned my lesson the hard way having a consistent schedule and routine in our household Helps me be consistent when it comes to our homeschooling our times at week homeschool And I really found and learned that the hard way is when I found that schedule that worked for us I'm not changing it unless I absolutely have to of course, but for right now I have the same exact schedule that I have had in our first year of homeschool It just works for us and I'm going to keep it the same way it is is ideal for most No, but does it work for us in our household? Absolutely. Yes my next regret is Really neglecting myself and my personal needs in our homeschool you guys in our first few years of homeschool I was skipping out on mills. I was skipping breakfast. I was you know scrambling and scrounging up lunch Really not taking proper care of myself and I guess those mundane homeschooling days where I really was just trying to Dig in deep and get the work done But that was the wrong thing for me to do was to neglect like mills like simple mills like skipping breakfast Like why was I doing that? Now you guys I make it a priority to eat either eat breakfast before my kiddos Or I eat breakfast with them. I no longer neglect my I guess needs you guys I wasn't taking my vitamins. I was forgetting to take them and it was just simple Daily things that I was forgetting to do because I was putting I guess my kiddos needs way above myself And I know that really goes along with homeschooling, but it more so goes into motherhood I should say and now you guys I have been taking better care of myself. I've been prioritizing myself I've been stepping away From this home and really giving myself that time that I need Uh, I do everything here. You guys, you know, I am what I'm homemaker. I'm mom. I'm wife. I Am a cleaner. I am everything to everyone in this house And now I have learned to just break away Earlier in the early winter season. I began to take like weekly walks at local parks by myself It was so refreshing you guys especially in march when it was like that season changed The wind was still like brisk, but it was like the sun was warm Those walks in the morning was like rejuvenating to me and I only did it on the weekends but still Stepping away from our home in our homeschool and feeding myself and my soul Was a game changer and I'm never going back to neglecting myself I'm never going back to not allowing myself to take naps to rest to take breaks I am I'm never going back to that season because I don't know why I was doing that to myself and I'm getting like a little bit choked up and emotional because I don't know why I was not prioritizing myself. Everyone was so More important than me, but I am just important and I matter and my needs matter too. So definitely, um neglecting myself was A huge mistake that I made in beginning my homeschooling journey um Now my next mistake that I have made and I definitely see a difference in doing this is that I lacked Planning effective planning in my homeschool Now I know for some people my planning may be a little bit on the type A side However, I love making a plan even if we don't get to everything on that plan for that week Having a plan having a roadmap has been key to my success, especially in this homeschooling year Um, definitely am I erasing things we didn't get to with my erasable pens and my school next planner? Absolutely, but having that roadmap has been key Another thing too is that last year we adapted a six weeks on one week off homeschool schedule And you guys having that week off to really plan out the next six weeks has been gold I no longer plan out my whole year at a time I do schedule out my breaks and field trips yearly But outside of that I'm not planning my specific curriculum day by day to the t at the beginning of my homeschool year I really plan in chunks, which is six weeks at a time where I know, okay I want to cover these particular lessons and if we get to them we do if not, it's okay I just like having a roadmap printing off all the things that I need to print off Cutting out all the manipulatives and getting all the things that I need together for my kindergartners math with confidence Ensuring that I have all of those little titty beady pieces You know around has been making my homeschooling day smoother We have been getting through lessons more effectively and faster because I have been planning more And I know not a lot of people, you know, enjoy that planning process But now it's just become a part of my routine on my week off. I just you know have my big picture I do all my printing all of my library checkouts and things like that And I still come in weekly and go behind my six week plan and it's just been it's been so well And I'm I've been so happy with this. I don't think I'm ever going to go back to not planning my homeschooling weeks Because this has been great So just like michelle did in her video She asked her oldest daughter who she homeschooled what she felt like her biggest mistakes was as a homeschooling parent I asked my oldest daughter because she's really the only one that I have been homeschooling Primarily for these four years what she felt like my biggest homeschooling mistakes was and she told me And I'm reading it off right here She told me that she feels like my biggest homeschooling mistake that I made was not being consistent in our curriculum choices And giving up on curriculum choices too soon One of the curriculum choices she felt specifically that I gave up too soon was Singapore dimensions when we did it in her fourth grade year and she's absolutely right you guys I did give up on that curriculum too soon Singapore dimensions is actually one of my top favorite math curriculas that I have ever tried in my homeschool Um, and I definitely gave up on that curriculum too soon and she is absolutely right Another thing is that she felt like I was inconsistent when it came to our schedule and routine And I definitely was inconsistent when it came to our schedule and routine, especially with my littles I feel like when I was trying to incorporate like that preschool that taught schooling for my youngest I was all over the place some days. I was doing school, you know in the morning some days in the afternoon And it really we wasn't getting anywhere and I really felt like when I honed in on specific times I honed in on our I guess our overall daily flow Um, I was being able to see more progress when it came to my kids doing like the simple things, you know Learning their numbers shapes colors things like that Really when I established that particular routine and schedule and I wasn't all over the place I definitely felt um, I guess our homeschool day is running smoother and we had way more success So to really be honest, uh, my daughter's uh mistakes that she feels like I made is pretty much similar to the mistakes That I feel like I have made in our homeschooling journey overall So you guys I really hope you enjoy hearing all of my homeschooling mistakes I really hope that this gives and shares light to you guys that I'm definitely not perfect over here I definitely have pivoted. I definitely have learned from a lot of the mistakes that I have made and hopefully moving forward I will continue to learn and grow as a homeschooler You guys in the comment section down below Share all of your homeschooling mistakes that you have made in your homeschool Whether they be similar to mine or not I will love to chat with you guys in my comment section down below So you guys as always thank you guys so much for watching today's video And I will um love to see you guys all in my next one. Bye You


A reciprocating engine refers to the fact that our piston is going up and down. It is going back and forth, and within this analysis we need to be able to describe volume as well as mass in relation to the geometry of the engine. So we'll establish a couple of relevant parameters to that reciprocating engine. First of all, the diameter of the cylinder in this reciprocating engine is referred to as the bore. The stroke is the region swept by the piston, the distance between the piston at bottom dead center and top dead center. Also note we use bottom dead center and top dead center as indications of position as well as volume. For example, the volume at bottom dead center is this entire volume above the piston, and the volume at top dead center is this volume when the piston is in its highest position. And by the way, bottom dead center and top dead center are referring to the fact that our piston is connected to a connecting rod on the crankshaft. So if I just draw it like this for a moment, I know, I know it's not super accurate. As the crankshaft goes around, the piston goes up and down. So when the crankshaft is in a position where the connecting rod attaches to it at bottom dead center, that is where the piston will be in its lowest position. When it's attached at top dead center on the crankshaft, the piston is in its highest position. We are analyzing the piston going back and forth between top dead center and bottom dead center, and sometimes we'll refer to those as TDC and BDC. Also note the region of volume that is swept by the piston, that is pi over four times the bore of the cylinder multiplied by the stroke. That volume here is called the displaced volume, abbreviated VD. And then the volume that is left over when the piston is at top dead center is called the clearance volume. So these volumes are all related to one another. We could say VBDC is equal to VD plus VC, and VTDC is equal to just VC. I know all those letters sound the same. A parameter that we often keep track of in reciprocating engines is the proportion of volume at bottom dead center to volume at top dead center. This gets a special name. It is called the compression ratio, and it is abbreviated with the letter R. The compression ratio represents the proportion of volume at its largest to its smallest. So if the total volume at bottom dead center, VBDC, is eight times larger than the total volume when the piston is at top dead center, that would be a compression ratio of eight, also sometimes described as eight to one. And we can also rearrange this and write it in terms of other things, like for example, we can write this as VD plus VC divided by VC if we wanted to. This is useful because the displaced volume is the one that is typically talked about. For example, if you went out and bought a car that had a two liter engine, that two liter volume is the displaced volume. And if it's a four cylinder engine, that would mean that each cylinder actually has a displaced volume of half a liter. If you knew that the displaced volume was two liters and you knew that the compression ratio of the engine was nine, and you wanted to figure out the volume at bottom dead center, you would have to use this relation to calculate VC, and then you would have to use VC and VD to calculate the volume at bottom dead center. Another parameter that gets tossed around when we talk about reciprocating engines is something called the mean effective pressure. And the mean effective pressure is the average pressure that would yield the same network out if it was pushing the piston from top dead center to bottom dead center. So if you had an air supply supplying air pressure at a constant pressure and pushing the piston down, what air pressure would yield the same network? You could think of this as, if you were plotting this on a PV diagram, what pressure would yield the same area under the curve at horizontal line that was the same area as the region enclosed by that power cycle itself? Mean effective pressure is not particularly useful anymore. I mean, it's very niche, but it's a useful parameter here because it gives us another thing to calculate. It also is another way of indicating how changes in the input conditions can affect outputs of the model. The engine with the higher mean effective pressure is generally the better performing engine. When we talk about reciprocating engines, we are going to be splitting them into two different models. Those models are distinguished from one another based on their ignition type. The idealized spark ignition internal combustion reciprocating engine is modeled with the auto cycle. The idealized compression ignition internal combustion reciprocating engine is modeled as the diesel cycle.


This is just an innocent-looking plastic bottle, but when multiplied a million times over, it is disastrous for the sustainability of marine ecosystems, marine-dependent livelihoods and sectors, public health, and our very economies of the OECS member states. It becomes one of the biggest challenges to the marine environment, our very survival, and the promise of a blue economy. Today, we are on a lovely beach, the front lines, helping in some small way to read our oceans of plastic. We all have a role to play, and today we want to focus on our friends in the media. Journalists, along with their readers, viewers, listeners, subscribers, as well as musical artists, have a major stake in guarding against the tsunami of plastic pollution, threatening our very survival. And that is why I am here, on the beach, as the OECS Commission launches the Modern Just Islands Targon Artists Challenge and the OECS Journalists Challenge, Clean Oceans. We are proud of the partnership with Teddes and John to launch the Targon Artists Competition. OECS Fingers, if you can sing, then you can be in. Create your own Modern Just Islands video to win five hours of paid studio time from our Modern Just Islands studio, or a complete recording kit with headphones, mic and software, or mic bundle with Windows and my capability audio interface. Please download the Modern Just Islands back in track right here. Film yourself vibing a verse of a chorus in English, French, or real. Check it out. Now you see how skinny Michel and I share our own message, drop your own. It has to be original. At the slogan, tackling ocean pollution, from turf to surf, post on Facebook and Instagram using these hashtags. Then tag an artist. Hey, don't sleep. Deadline, 4th of July 2021. Artists and journalists are some of the most influential gatekeepers in this new electronic inch. When the international community got together in 2015 to agree on the 17 sustainable development goals, it was of the understanding that we needed to move to a more sustainable way of living. The extractive linear economy model of take, make, and dispose was not working, and we needed to make a global transition to a circular economy model of make, use, and recycle. This project is built on a foundation of sustainability. It seeks to address the very serious problem of marine litter and its impact on our critically important marine resources. Our artists and our journalists have a very important role to play in helping us to make that transition to sustainability. Your voice is incredible. You speak in a language that our people understand. So in the same way, when in 2015 you rallied to our cause with our climate change message in our 1.5 to stay alive civil society campaign, I'm calling on you to be the catalyst for change in our management of our marine resources and the very necessary transition to a circular economy. OECS journalists, here is how you can get to partner with Remlit under the campaign tackling ocean pollution from turf to surf. The judging criteria will be broken down in five categories. Impact creativity and relevance, 20 points, technical excellence, focus and understanding the subject matter, 30 points, human interest appeal, 20 points, investigative skill, 15 points, and use of integrative media, 15 points. One of the most interesting things about the blue economy is that it gives journalists like ourselves so many things to write about. So I really want to encourage you all to get involved in this particular challenge. Take it on. I'm sure you can deliver. So get busy and learn more about the blue economy and let's share that with our Caribbean audiences. Hi, did you know that the volume of microplastics in the ocean rivals the number of stars in the galaxy? Annually, the world generates over 300 million metric tons of plastic waste, half of which ends up in the ocean. The Caribbean has been accused of making the greatest per capita contribution to this ocean plastic. Another good narrative. This is where we live, work and play. I'm Dr. Ronald Murray, join me and the OECS Commission and their team as we work to prioritize and change this narrative to education, lifestyle change and journalism. Journalists and singers from across the OECS member states, we at the OECS Commission are excited about these challenges. We can't wait to see your creativity at work and what you come up with. Every piece will help increase awareness of the environmental issues confronting us as a people, especially the efforts to get rid of plastic waste. Let's do this. Let's all do our part in tackling ocean pollution from turf to surf. Bad time, bad time. One Caribbean sea.


The narcissist is constantly thinking about you. That is the topic for this video. They're constantly thinking about you and you will know if this was the type of narcissist that you were dealing with. You will know it because when they were with you when you were around them they were very demanding of your attention and they were very controlling as well. So that should instantly reveal that there was an attachment. They wanted something from you and the more demanding and controlling that they were it should reveal to you just how significant that was to them. But of course the question is why? Why are they constantly thinking about you? Because I'm sure if you clicked on this video it is because it resonates with you. It's because you've noticed that you were dealing with and you would assume that yes they must be constantly thinking about you. And I'm here to tell you that yes your suspicions are not invalid. Now let's get into the reasons why they are thinking about you. You have some innocence about you. Maybe some naivety. You may lack experience in some areas of life and it may also be because of your strength.  You may have discipline and self-control. You know how to limit or restrict yourself when required but not only your strength it is also because you may have a weakness or vulnerability which many strong people in fact everyone has as well and that is how they get in. You may be trusting and forgiving. It makes them think that they've always got a chance. They can always get back in with you and in some cases it may not even be much of a choice for you. If you are being controlled financially by the narcissist or maybe you are the target of a spear campaign of course these types of things make it very difficult for you to leave but as I said the more demanding and controlling the more restrictive they are on you. All of these things should reveal to you that yes they are constantly thinking about you and I do believe that there is also a spiritual aspect to this as well. I do believe that when you are just all of a sudden thinking about them it may be because in fact yes they are thinking about you. This energy is being sent out there this negative energy and then it's taken away your peace of mind but if you clicked on this video I would say that yes there is a good chance that this narcissist you are dealing with is constantly thinking about you because for you to even assume that you must have noticed certain things in their behaviors you must have noticed that they were very demanding very possessive and controlling because they see you as this object that exists to meet their needs they see you as their possession it's not because they value you as a person or that they even see you as a separate person with your own feelings or needs they just look at it like you're this tool the appliance for them to use so that they can get their emotional needs met the emotional needs that were never met when they were children so they're using you for that but of course it is very difficult for them to keep you around once you catch on and once you figure them out they want to keep you trapped even though they may be the abuser in your life and they're very negative they can't get away from you they want to make you think that they have something to give and by doing that that is how they maintain the trauma bond and as I said before it may be something financially or they may just try to get you dependent on them for validation and they're very sneaky the way that they do this and it typically comes after the devaluation being attacked by a fly just try and walk over here out of the way but yes the trauma bond this typically occurs after the devaluation because I'm still being followed by this fly follow me all the way back to the topic yes the trauma bond turns after the devaluation after the devaluation phase and there is a reason for that and of course the reason is because you may already be self validating you may be very confident in yourself and of course that is a threat to their control because they really need you they need you more than you could have ever thought that you needed them so of course they've got to keep you trapped they've got to keep you stuck and the way that they do that is by impairing your sense of self and your belief and confidence in yourself by making you think and feel like you're something else or that something is wrong with you because of course as empaths the first thing we're going to think when someone sees something wrong with us or as though they want us to be better or for us to change we're automatically going to be thinking okay so what can I do to please you what can I do to make you happy and then that is when you're on this hamster wheel you're trying to please them and it's like no matter what you do it's never good enough even if you achieve something that they want they will always move the goalposts so that you never feel like you're enough and it leaves you constantly dependent on them for validation that's how they keep you trauma bonded first they have to make you doubt yourself and your own intuition and doubt your own abilities and qualities and achievements and then grow memory perception and sanity and you've lost this inner compass this thing that would normally direct you and because of that it leaves you very susceptible to external direction it leaves you to be very suggestible and of course that is when the abuser comes in to suggest and direct you and at that point they can tell you whatever they want whatever they think you want to hear whatever they think is going to affect you whatever they think is going to keep you stuck and under their control and they will use it to maintain reinforcement where they give punishments and rewards irregular irregular intervals and it leaves you to become addicted to them where you may be being punished you may be being abused but then you're still there waiting for this reward and it just leaves you holding on and you're heavily dependent on them for validation for a compliment for something to uplift you them to tell you who you even are because by that point after the devaluation you have already lost yourself you've lost your sense of self and you're looking to them to provide that to you for them to tell you who you are and by that point they can tell you anything they can tell you the sky is green and if you've been beaten down enough a lot of you some of you rather may actually begin to doubt yourself and they might move things around the house and they do all of these crazy things but it leaves us looking at ourselves to think that something is wrong with us when in actuality you've really got to look at them and wonder what compelled them to do that in the first place thinking about you you're constantly on their minds looks like they suddenly started leaf blowing over you so i'm going to get back in the car i'm driving this malaysian car now the proton but i've got the bmw coming back later today also got nala in here as well it's right down there also there is actually a problem with the microphone in here as you may have remembered from yesterday so it's very hard to find a quiet space in malaysia as you probably noticed in my videos i have driven in the last few weeks maybe 4 000 kilometers around the country and wherever i go there's always these modified cars or motorbikes it's almost impossible to get away from it as you probably noticed yesterday even when i went to this peak in the middle of the jungle there was even a lot of people there as well but i want to stay on here because this is a very important topic for a lot of you i know so i want to give more time to this even though it is quite difficult to concentrate a lot of times because as you can see there are always a lot of distractions but despite that i must with this message because i know that it is my purpose and yeah nothing brings me more joy i'm just to know that i am making a difference a positive change to people's lives i do have a lot to give but yes they are constantly thinking about you and that is the reason why they do everything that they do it's why they love bomb you they manipulate you it's because they're thinking about you and they want you to think about them they want some of that energy and it's also why they devalue you as well because they're doing that to control you to trauma bond you and at times it's even why they discard you and why they ghost you because that's meant to serve as a punishment and that's meant to leave you thinking about them because of course they understand that we can form healthy attachments to people but of course that does nothing for them they have to try to harm you to get you to attach to them in an unhealthy way that's what then gives them that control but everything they do it's really the never giving anything to you to replenish yourself it's always something negative it's always to take something away from you even if it is just your sense of self and well-being or your confidence in yourself your ability to validate yourself and you will notice that as well i'm sure it's like even when they compliment you it just feels so cringy it feels dirty creepy like you know even though that it's like they're pretending to give something to you when in fact their agenda is to take something away and that's all they're really ever trying to do is take away because yes they do have a void they do have this it's like a cup that can never be filled no matter how much you pour into it because there's a leak there's a crack so it just pours out and that is why you will find that they are constantly thinking about you they're very demanding and controlling they demand all of your energy and time because it's just constantly playing on their minds they can't get you out of their heads and it's usually because of envy hatred even jealousy as well and because they can't control the inside they can't discipline themselves they've probably never been disciplined in their entire lives they were always allowed to just roam free and do whatever they want they always had enablers even their parents enabled them so because they can't control themselves and their actions everything they do is just intended to control you to bring you under their grasp to where you can't escape because just your sense of freedom your ability to make your own choices and decisions that is a serious threat to their control it intimidates them and it makes them feel inferior to you because they look at it like if there was a 100 meter sprint and you begin at the same place you're heading to the same finish line they look at it like if it was a fair competition a level playing field they already know that there is no way that they are going to win so all they can do is weigh you down even just tie you to a tree so that you can't even move and they're like the type of people who will do that and then they'll run off to the finish line and then they'll come back to flaunt their trophy in front of you because it's all just this sense of control they have to feel like they're winning at all costs but of course the reason why is because they feel like losers whenever they're around you they feel completely insignificant in comparison so it's like they always have to be there and a lot of times they're just looking for a reaction because they're constantly thinking about you and reacting to you so they want you to react to them they just want you to give your attention even if it is just negative attention that's good enough for them a lot of times because they know they're not worthy of anything positive anyway they know that what they do does not warrant positive attention and they already know that you're not going to see them in that way so instead what they do it's designed to elicit negative attention from you it's designed to make you overthink and to think that you've done something wrong it's always just to get something from you which is why when they're coming around you you're just going to feel depleted you're going to feel like you're holding on to yourself a dear life and it's like even when they present the illusion you still feel like you're being robbed like something is being taken away from you even if it is just your energy or peace of mind and they also feel very uncomfortable around you as well because they already know that you are greater than them they know that you're a much better person they already know that the situation was reversed and you were in that position you would never do the things that they do so that already makes them feel a lot of shame and that is why they have to try to turn everything against you and to give this false narrative about you being bad or you being wrong which again it's just to get you to put in more effort and to try to fix something but i can guarantee no matter what you do if you're dealing with a real narcissist it does not matter how hard you try as an empath no matter what you do to try to please them because of course you recognize that yes they are miserable they do have a void they're seeking something from you but no matter what you do it will never be enough they will never be satisfied they will never be a day where you can feel like yes i made them happy yes we're good you will never get that from the narcissist they will never let you experience that and of course we all know the reason why and the reason why is because if everything is fine with you and you're okay then you're going to be looking at them for some form of reciprocation you're going to be looking at them to give something back to you and of course as we know narcissists have nothing to give other than the illusion they can only present a a false impression something that you have misinterpreted as being something else and that is really all that they can do which of course it's the reason why they never wanted to get to that point the point where you've got one over on them where they acknowledge and accept that yes you've done enough they're satisfied with what you've done because otherwise and you're going to be expecting them to do something for you in return for everything that you've done to them done for them and you know a lot of them don't even have the means they really don't have anything to give to you and even if they did they probably wouldn't do that anyway and of course the reason why is because a relationship is like a game of tennis so one person hits the ball the other person hits it back and it just goes back and forth you're constantly giving to each other to build this relationship together and it's always like they drop the ball they can't continue with the game and that's not to say that it should be a game i'm just using it as an analogy and the reason why they drop the ball every time is because they don't have enough to give to you they already know that if they laid all of their cards out on the table you're not going to be satisfied with that you're not going to see it as though it was a fair exchange and you're probably just going to end up leaving them which of course is the last thing they want you to do because they're constantly thinking about you so by default they have to withhold even though they may not have much to give anyway they do tend to be takers which is why they are very negative because i have they have a void within so even though and it can pose as part of the illusion as well the way they're constantly thinking about you i mean when someone's coming around you in that sort of way you might automatically assume that they do have something to give because you would think why else are they coming around in such an arrogant and entitled way if they don't have anything of their own to give to you but again yes that is just a part of the illusion it leads you to think that there's something there when in reality there actually isn't but it can fool you it can mislead you just looking at the live chat let's see what people are saying queen of the gram says my knock got mad when he came home and saw me watching your channel yeah they will typically get really bad about that they want you to continue believing in and validating the false narrative because of course that is again what they use in an excuse to control you to make you think that something is wrong with you and despite the fact that what they've done to you is probably a million times worse the last thing they want is for the shoe to be on the other foot to where you can judge them because these knocks they have to be the judge the jury the executioner the ones who get to blame you because that's how they maintain their control so yes do be careful when the knock is coming around you don't want them to see you watching these types of videos because of course yes it will just make them mad they're not going to like it because it makes them look bad they don't want to look bad they want to look good they want to look like there's nothing wrong with them at all as though what they do is right everything they do is good so anything that opposes their false image the illusion they're going to want to keep that down they don't want you to expose them let's see what else we got here EA says for me it's the ruminating what ifs should have's could have's regrets crippling regrets you know that's actually another reason why they targeted you and why they're constantly thinking about you is because they know that yes as empaths we do self reflect we look within but naturally we're over thinkers we're always over analyzing situations we're always looking for because we've been trained from when we were children to look for things wrong in situations so that we can make it better or so that we can fix it and typically we always self-love and blame ourselves we look at ourselves and think we could have been better we could have done more so they do play on that as well they play on the fact that you are an empath a kind giving generous person who just wants to help they play on your tendency to feel regret and it's really sad i know that there are actually predators like this out there who do this to people like us but just having that awareness of it hopefully that will help you to detach speedy rider 47 says they get back what they put out there yes i am a spiritual person and i do believe that yes the energy that you give out that is what you will get back and it may not come back immediately but in time it will come back tenfold so all of this negative energy that they're putting out there where they're constantly trying to take away a note or plan issue or reciprocate anything back to you in return i genuinely believe that yes that energy will come back to them eventually just looking for this live chat sir Gio Ramirez says she made the mistake of her life by discarding me yes that's really it they do it is a huge mistake that they make by discarding empaths people like ourselves people who were trained from a very young age to just make things right to make things better i mean that is exactly the type of person that you should have in your life someone who wants to help someone who genuinely cares about you but these narcissists you give them an inch they take a mile you give them a little bit and they will exploit it they will use and abuse you and then try to destroy you because there's something about this innocent nature that we have and we're strong although we may have some weaknesses as well that's what draws them to us and also the fact as well that yes we do overthink over analyze we do ruminate but the sleeve blowing is going to get a bit crazy today now i drove all this way to this park because i saw in the reviews everyone says it's very peaceful but since i've got you all i heard was people yelling and screaming and the kids in the park and obviously this leaf blower as well but there's not much i can do about it seems to follow me everywhere i go seems that someone does not want me to share this message and i genuinely believe that a lot of people want to destroy the forces of goods they don't want to see us getting on here and spreading this information uplifting people but of course yes this is our purpose to spread the vibes and that is what it will continue to do but yes i think that is enough for this message today anyway the narcissist is constantly thinking about you and you will know that you will recognize it from their behaviors from how demanding and controlling they were when they were around you that should tell you everything you need to know but yes if this video was helpful you can give it a thumbs up down below let me know your thoughts in the comment section share and subscribe if you'd like to book a one-on-one with me you can do that on my website it is naksabiver.co.uk and also check on my instagram as well i have new pictures and videos of my travels every day on there it is naksabiver youtube and instagram okay thank you all for joining me you all have a great day and as always i will talk to you in another video very soon