Well, what an honor it is to have as our keynote speaker, Judge Andrew Napolitano. You know, I could take up his whole time giving his various attributes and his achievements. Let me just say that he's a graduate of Princeton University and the University of Notre Dame Law School, of course, senior judicial analyst at Fox News. He was the youngest life tenure Superior Court judge in the history of New Jersey. He's taught at law schools. He's the author of seven books, two of which are New York Times bestseller. Here's the latest one on two of our favorites, Theodore and Woodrow. I highly recommend it, of course. But you know, he's, we could, many wonderful and unusual things about him. First of all, this is a man of Cisaronian ability as an orator. I mean, he just, it's, if you haven't heard him before, you're in for a treat. He's also a great scholar, but he has the ability to communicate his scholarship, the results of his scholarship to regular people in a way that's quite extraordinary. Most of all, he's a great moral voice, not only for the cause of freedom, but for everything that is right and true. And so I hope you'll help me welcome somebody who I might also add gets huge honorarium when he goes to speak at various organizations and groups, but comes as a, your fellow donor to the Mises Institute and no charge for us. So please help me welcome great Judge Andrew Napolitano. Thank you, God bless you. Thank you. Thank you, my friends. What a delight to be here. Very comfortable to be in a room where I don't have to worry about getting in trouble for what I might say. We won't talk about that. I will tell you, I walked out into a room this size once when I was brand new to the Superior Court, and I was trying a small claims cases. So a typical small claims case takes about 15 minutes to try. Might be, the dry cleaner run my dress, but he also tried to pick up my sister. The lawyer comes up to me said, your honor, my client needs an Italian translator because he can't speak English. All right, I call the courthouse administrator. The translator is busy in another courtroom. So I say to the throng in my courtroom, can anybody here speak Italian? A little guy in the back raises his hand, he comes up, and we swear in this translator to translate so that we can try the case. Here's exactly what happens. Lawyer to translator, give the court your name. Translator to witness, what is your name? Let me see, let me see where this is going to go. Ask your next question, counsel. Lawyer to translator, give the court your address. Translator to witness, where is your house? I looked at this little guy, I said, I thought you told me you could speak English. He said, I can't hear you, I said, I thought you told me you could speak Italian. He said, I can't hear you, honor, but my English, she's not too good. One time I was picking a jury and a distribution of cocaine case. Look, I believe that you should be able to put into your own body whatever you want. But I took an oath to uphold the law of the state of New Jersey, which prohibited this stuff. The state troopers stopped a guy coming off the George Washington Bridge with a truckload full of cocaine. Pretty clear cut case, he's entitled to a trial. So I have about this many people from whom I have to pick 12 in New Jersey. The judge picks the lawyer. 12 people who have no bias, no knowledge of the facts, no prejudice, no interest in the outcome. I had a feeling that there were people in this room that didn't want to be on this jury. So I said, is there anybody here that doesn't want to be on this jury? A woman raised her hand. What is it, madam? She said, I can't be on this jury because of my occupation.  It's a drug distribution case. I said, what is your occupation, madam? She said, I'm a soothsayer. This is 1992. Who calls themselves a soothsayer? I fell for this. I said, all right, madam, how does that keep you from being on the trial? She said, judge, I already know how the case ends up. I should have said, OK, lady, tell us and save us the next three weeks in the courtroom. From ridiculous events in courtrooms to profound events in courtrooms. Some men say the earth is flat and some men say it is round. But if it is flat, could parliament make it round? And if it is round, could the king's command flatten it? Now, this was St. Thomas Moore arguing as his own lawyer representing himself in his trial for treason, the alleged, and under the laws of England at the time, the proven act of treason was Thomas Moore's refusal to acknowledge that Henry VIII of all people was the head of the Roman Catholic Church in England for that refusal to say yes to that command. He was charged, tried, convicted, and of course executed. His head was separated from the rest of his body. Now, when he's making this argument to the jury, of course the parliament couldn't make a round earth flat. And of course the king couldn't make a flat earth round. He's not only appealing to the common sense of his jurors, he's appealing to their understanding of the natural law, their understanding of the order of things, their understanding of immutable laws that regulate and control even the king, even the government, even the parliament. It was his way of articulating, shortly before his execution, what Aristotle and Augustine and Aquinas had articulated, what John Locke and Thomas Jefferson would articulate. Jefferson's articulation of it is a little bit more familiar to us because he wrote the words in the Declaration of Independence and we know these words from our childhood. That all men are created equal and endowed by their creator with certain inalienable rights and among these is life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Now when Jefferson wrote this and when the founding fathers who led the War of Secession from Great Britain, when's the last time your public school teacher referred to it as that, the War of Secession from Great Britain, which of course is what it was. They pledged their lives, their fortunes, and their sacred honors. If they had lost the War of Secession, which we call the American Revolution, they would have been hanged as traitors, but they won and they are celebrated as founding fathers. But when they signed this document, knowing what it said, in those days they read things before they voted for them and signed them. Like today, they were wedding to the United States of America at its birth, the concept of the natural law, and the simple modern articulation of that is this. Our rights come from our humanity and not from the government. And that articulation formed the basis, at least in theory, of the War of Secession against Great Britain and of the earliest parts of our existence as a country. Now whether you believe that we are the highest and best creatures of nature, or whether you believe as I do that we were created by an all-knowing, all-loving God who has counted the hairs on our heads, in either case you can accept the argument that we are sovereign human beings. If we are the highest form of nature at this point in the history of existence, we are sovereign human beings.  If we are creatures of an almighty, all-knowing, all-loving God created in his image and likeness, then the one aspect that we absolutely share with him, we don't share everything because we have human bodies and he doesn't, talking about God the Father. But the one aspect that we truly share with him is freedom integral to our existence. As he is perfectly free, we are perfectly free. Now the landscape of history is littered with people abusing their freedom. It's a testimony to the misuse and abuse of freedom. But it's also a testament to the existence and perfection of human freedom. We are free to do as we wish because that is the essence of our existence. So if the government tries to exalt itself above that freedom, it's not only getting in our face in a way we don't like, it's violating the laws of nature. Because whether you call it nature or him, God the Father, nature and God are superior to the government and they have created us with this freedom. In 1787, when the Constitution was being written in secret in Philadelphia, the Scrivener was James Madison. He kept the notes. We've since seen the notes. Many of his notes were eventually engrafted into language of the Constitution. The first argument we know from his notes was where does our freedom come from? Now Madison said, this is not an argument that we should engage in. You remember what many of us signed 14 years ago was the Declaration of Independence. We already stated where our freedom comes from. Well, the world was different then. The king was gone. The British troops were gone. They'd come back in the war of 1812, but at the time in 1787 they were gone. So this argument did exist in secret in Philadelphia. Madison made the Jeffersonian argument. I know Jefferson wasn't there. He was still the U.S. ambassador to France. He was in Paris at the time. But his argument was much as Jefferson made, much as Moore made. Our rights come from our humanity. Governments are instituted by our consent with our limitations to protect that freedom. There was a big government crowd at Philadelphia, personified typically by Alexander Hamilton and John Adams, and they argued that because you need the government to protect our freedom, because the government's resources are limited, the government can decide what freedoms to protect and what freedoms to restrict. And therefore, while strictly speaking, freedoms don't come from the government. They are subject to the approval of the government. This argument, which lawyers call positivism, which basically means the law of the land is whatever the lawgiver says it is. So it was adopted by all the great nefarious dictators and monsters of the 20th century. It's even been adopted by the monsters who dominate the Congress and the executive branch today and has been for a while. But it is exactly the opposite of the natural law. When Aquinas articulated the natural law, he said that an unjust law is no law and that a law that violates the laws of nature, one that, for example, silence speech because the government didn't like the speech, is a law that does not worthy of being obeyed and that no one has an obligation of obeying an unjust law. So the argument in Philadelphia was pretty much resolved by the first ten amendments added to the Constitution, the Bill of Rights. And those amendments, obviously, without going through all of them because this is about three or four weeks in the first year of law school, basically articulate rights not that the government creates or guarantees, but that the government will leave alone. If you remember the opening lines of the First Amendment, again, phrases that we memorized in our youth, I see some people here that aren't too close to one they may have memorized it, they're very young people here, which is deeply gratifying to all of us. We old-timers like to see that this message is being embraced by youth. John Paul II once said, the greatest thing we can do is relentlessly to seek the truth and selflessly to transmit it to youth. And you know that, that's why you're here. But those of you who remember this line from your youth, opening line of the First Amendment, Congress shall make no law abridging the freedom of speech. It doesn't say Congress shall grant freedom of speech. It says Congress shall not abridge the freedom of speech.  Everybody had the freedom of speech. Every single word in those amendments was scrutinized in 1787, even though they weren't added until four years later. And that word is included in order to manifest that understanding. I'm sure that your public school teachers didn't teach you that. I have this thing about public schools, even though I'm a product of public schools in New Jersey. And the thing about them is that they have no competition. And they have a guaranteed income, which is taxpayer dollars. And they have guaranteed clients, which is the students. And they teach as if they had no competition and no worries about income and no worries about clients. But we're stuck with that for now, at least in most parts of the United States. So back to the Bill of Rights, it articulates these rights that the government can't interfere with. So your right to think as you wish. Your right to develop your own personality as you wish. I've often told Bill O'Reilly, he should be most grateful for that right. You're right to think as you wish, to say what you think, to publish what you say. You're right to worship or not to worship. You're right to keep and own a gun, which, my friends, is not the right to shoot at a deer, it's the right to shoot at the government if it is taken over by tyrants. These rights come from our humanity and the government is specifically restrained from interfering with them in the first ten amendments. Eventually those ten amendments would apply to the states and thus to all governments, local, county, regional, state, or federal. Okay, so we'll pass through the Washington years and we're in John Adams presidency. His vice president is Thomas Jefferson. Now, they didn't speak to each other. They didn't speak in the four years that Adams was president and Jefferson was vice president. You remember how people were elected in those days. Everybody ran for president. Whoever finished first became president. Whoever finished second became vice president. Could you imagine if we had this in the modern era? Well, we don't, we have the 12th amendment which changes that. So the disputed election in 1800, when Jefferson would beat Adams, it was decided by the House of Representatives. But in 1796, Adams beats Jefferson. So things are going along pretty well until there appears in the countryside something that today is inconceivable. It was fear of the French.  They were worried that Jefferson's friends in France would come to the United States, would become American citizens, and would vote out of office the big government federalists. The George Washington, John Adams, Alexander Hamilton, big government. We love debt, sound familiar, political party that was running all three branches of the government because Washington had appointed federalist judges and Adams continued to do the same. The very, very famous Marbury against Madison case has to do with the appointment of very low level federalist judge by John Adams. So anyway, they decide we're gonna take care of this problem by enacting the Alien and Sedition Acts. And the Alien and Sedition Acts would basically say, we have open borders and we can use people here. So if you wanna come, come. But if you're French, you have to wait 14 years before you can become a citizen and vote, then they added a most lamentable and unfortunate section to the Alien and Sedition Acts, the sedition part of it, which basically said, if you articulate words that bring the president or the Congress or the government in general into disrepute, you can be prosecuted and convicted and incarcerated for two years. By the way, note who's missing from that list, President, Congress government. The vice president is missing. Jefferson didn't want the freedom from criticism. He couldn't care less what they said about him and said if he ever became president and this monstrosity was the law, he wouldn't enforce it. So question, how did the same generation, in some cases, the very same human beings who wrote Congress shall make no law abridging the freedom of speech and act a law that did abridge the freedom of speech? I once put this question to my dear friend, Lou Rockwell, and he said to me, the answer is what St. Augustine called libido dominandi. No, not that kind of libido, Lou, this is the lust to dominate. And with the exception of giants in our midst like Ron Paul, this is a lust that afflicts almost everybody in the government. They want to use the power of the government to take away our freedoms to enhance their own longevity and tenure in power and tell us how to live. So were they phonies when they wrote Congress shall make no law abridging the freedom of speech or did something happen to them by the time they made certain freedoms of certain speeches susceptible to prosecution? I'll tell you how frivolous this can be and then I'll get to what I really want to talk to you about today, which is the just war. Congressman Matthew Lyons was a Ron Paul type precursor who represented Vermont in the House of Representatives. He was an anti-Federalist, a small government Jeffersonian, if you will. And he decided to test the limits of the Alien and Sedition Acts and he did so by insulting the president. Now, the president, John Adams, had a couple of aberrations, one of which, aside from his political philosophy, was that he could be seen walking around Philadelphia and eventually in Washington in a purple robe. And sometimes Mrs. Adams would sew gold epulets on the shoulders of the robe, sort of hinting a little bit of an affliction to royalty. John Adams also had a problem that afflicts a lot of middle-aged men. He had a problem with his waistline. So Congressman Lyons decided he would challenge how seriously government was with the Alien and Sedition Acts by mocking the president's waistline. So in a public place, not on the floor of the house, because he'd be immune from prosecution for what he says on the floor. There's a long and interesting history behind that of British kings who executed members of parliament because of what they said in the parliament. But somewhere in a public place, Congressman Lyons referred to the president of the United States of America as rotundity. And for that, Congressman Lyons was prosecuted in a federal court in Boston, was convicted of violating the Alien and Sedition Acts and was sentenced to two years in a subterranean federal jail in a mountain in Western Massachusetts. Now, if you are from Hudson County, New Jersey, or Chicago, or Boston, or New Orleans, you'll appreciate the second half of this Congressman Lyons story. Because he ran for reelection to the Congress from his jail cell, and he won. By the time he gets out of jail as a re-elected congressman, he goes to Washington, his nemesis, John Adams is in retirement, and the great Thomas Jefferson is president. We were at peace in the Jefferson years, but we were not at peace in the years of the president who followed him. And the president who followed him decided to punch the British in the nose with a couple of skirmishes that were instigated by American warships in the Mediterranean. This would lead to the War of 1812. This would lead to British troops landing here. This would lead to their burning the White House and burning the Capitol Building, and quite frankly, what didn't start this way almost became an effort to take back the colonies. We of course also attacked British troops and what is now Canada in an effort to instigate this war. So we instigated the war in the Mediterranean and in Canada and it ends up being fought here. It was fought in the hills of Maryland where outside Upper Marlboro, Maryland, a platoon of 50 British soldiers was marching through the town. When they kidnapped four townsfolk and threatened to hang them. On the night before the hanging, a local militia from the town invaded the British encampment and kidnapped six British soldiers and threatened to hang them. Of course, the hanging of the townsfolk was postponed until this standoff could be resolved. How was it resolved? John Hodges, who was the mayor of Upper Marlboro, marched very bravely without any armaments, without any support, directly into the British encampment, introduced himself to the captain and said, I'm the mayor of this town. I'll make you a trade. I have a deal for you. We'll return the six troops, you return the four townsfolk. The captain said yes. The troops went back to their colleagues. The townsfolk came home. The war of 1812 was ended not because of this, but at about the same time, the British went home. The new country was preserved. There is a tumultuous parade in Upper Marlboro. At the parade are all local state and federal officials and the guest of honor, the parade marshal is the mayor because of what he did. At the end of the parade, there's a speech from a podium, not unlike this. The one federal judge in that part of Maryland introduces the mayor and praises him to the skies. The mayor gives a speech. The crowd goes crazy. The mayor walks down off the podium when two strangers meet him. One of them hands him a piece of paper. The other, as he reaches to grab the paper, puts handcuffs, shackles on his two wrists, and they cart him away. They were both federal agents, handing him an indictment for treason, providing aid and comfort to the enemy in wartime by returning the British soldiers to the rest of their troops.  This is the Justice Department deciding to prosecute a genuine, if ever there was, American hero. So the trial comes. The federal judge that introduced him at the end of the parade is the one presiding over the trial. Everybody in the jury had either marched in or watched the parade. The U.S. attorney prosecuting him was also on that day, I said, at the end of the parade. So the U.S. attorney stands up and says, well, look, you're on her. Everybody knows what he did. It was an act of treason, even though I applauded it at the time. I didn't realize it until the passage of time. Fence counsel stands up and says, we know what he did. And everybody in this courtroom appreciated it. The judge then says, I'll show you how different the days are today. Gentlemen of the jury, there were no ladies and juries in those days. It's a much better system today. Gentlemen of the jury, I want you to go across the street to the local tavern where we have reserved a table for you and plenty of liquid refreshment. And when you consume the liquid refreshment, come back here and give us your verdict. At this point, at this point, the jury foreman raises his hand and says, Your Honor, even though we would love to partake in the court's generosity at the tavern across the street, we don't have to deliberate. We already know the verdict. You know the verdict already? Yes, what is it? The verdict is not guilty. So, of course, everybody in the courtroom goes wild. It's a just and fair result. What was that? That was the first example of jury nullification. That was 12 farmers saying to the almighty federal government, You see this threshold? Thou shalt not cross it if your heart is unjust. That's what happened in this case. Now, here's the dark side to the case. The Justice Department has had an unwritten rule since day one that no prosecution for treason shall be had without the personal approval of the President of the United States. What left-wing big government pinco creep was the President of the United States in 1812? James Madison, the scrivener of the Constitution. So you see these things happen over and over and over and over again. I'll give you one more example in the modern era. The Congress does reluctantly and every once in a while recognize that there are certain areas of human behavior that the Constitution does not permit it to regulate. It's a rare recognition. But when it can't regulate by regulation, it regulates by bribery. So the Congress decided not too long ago that speed limits were too high in the country. People were going too fast on highways, local, state, and federal. And we would save fuel and save lives if we went slower. So Congress went to every state legislature and said, you see those federal highways in your state? Here's a check for, fill in the blank. In New Jersey it was $100 million. Here's a check for $100 million. If you cash the check, you have to agree to use it to repave the federal highways. And after you have to agree to lower the speed limits on them and on all roads to 55 miles an hour. State of South Dakota said, forget about it. We'll take the money and we won't lower our speed limits. Now, could you imagine if anyone in this room approached a state legislature and said, here's $100 million. Now enact the law. I want you to enact in return for accepting the $100 million. You'd be indicted for bribery or attempted bribery. But of course the Congress has exempted itself from obeying the laws that it has written, which is why this is not considered a bribe. So these cases are litigated to the Supreme Court of the United States. And the Chief Justice writes an opinion saying, no, it's a contract. You want the cash, you accept the strings that come with it. Now, what big government left wing president signed this bribery statute into law? What destroyer of states' rights did this? Ronald Reagan. So you can see what happens when people get to Washington. They are not all faithful to the values that they have articulated on their way there, as is Congressman Paul and members of Congress around him. They succumb to this libido dominandi. In the present era, of course, we see this articulated to horrific degrees. Even though the Constitution says that only Congress can declare war last spring, two springs ago, so we're talking about 2011, when Congress was on a spring, it's spring break. Did any of you know Congress gets a spring break? Well, they do. And while they were on spring break, the president was in Brazil. And he announced from a television studio in Brazil that he was dispatching American warplanes to bomb Libya. Didn't have time to confer with the Congress, even though he's supposed to confer with them under the War Powers Act as unconstitutional as it is, because it unleashes him for 90 days. He's supposed to tell them he didn't have time. He didn't have time to ask for a declaration of war as the Constitution acquires. Of course, he had time to get permission from NATO and from the Arab League, but that's another story for another time. And hence he began the bombing of Libya. This bombing, of course, destroyed not only the Libyan government, not only the Libyan military, but the Libyan intelligence forces, police, highways, and infrastructure, and unleashed the roving mobs that governed Libya, at least two of which invaded our consulate in Benghazi and killed our ambassador. There's a theory, of course, that he wasn't our ambassador, that he and the fellows that were killed with him were CIA agents involved in gun-running. And that's why the president doesn't want to talk about it, and that's why Governor Rami doesn't want to talk about it because he gets intelligence briefings, and they're essentially the same briefings that the president gets. But that's not my argument here. My argument here is the failure to conform to any standard of principle before killing people.    Well, where is that in the Constitution? George Bush didn't do that, but of course he claimed that he got power as some source other than the Constitution. He wasn't able to say what that source was. In the early days of this kill list, the president invited David Axelrod to sit in on the meetings. Mr. Axelrod is the president's campaign chairman. So his two cents was input in deciding who would be killed. However they made these decisions, they decided to kill three Americans. Three Americans who had never been charged with a crime or indicted by a grand jury, just gone, evaporated by a drone because the president decided that he hated or feared them and they had to go or that their departure would increase the likelihood of his getting reelected. Regrettably when Governor Romney was asked at one of the debates if he agrees with this policy, he said yes, I might actually do it more frequently than President Obama has.  The president took an oath to uphold the Constitution and federal law. The oath to uphold the Constitution and federal law requires that the president also uphold federal treaties entered into, pursuant to the Constitution and consistent with federal law. And one of those treaties articulates that the United States of America cannot engage in war unless it follows the principles of the just war. It doesn't use that phrase, but that's what it refers to. The just war is a series of originally theological principles but now legal principles articulated by Thomas Aquinas which the country has rarely followed. Just war requires that six preconditions exist before a country may lawfully enter into war. And the first of these is that all other alternatives be exhausted because war kills individuals and because human beings are greater than the state. The state cannot kill them unless and until all other reasonable feasible means of addressing the public evil that the war supposedly will eradicate has been addressed. The second is that the cause must be just. It must be to correct a profound, enduring, imminent public evil. It can't be to dispute, to resolve a border dispute or it can't be to add to the size of a country. It has to be to correct a profound public evil that cannot be corrected by any means short of war. The third is that war can only be declared by a competent lawful authority, not by the president and the Arab League and NATO, not by LBJ tricking the Congress into enacting the Gulf of Tonkin Revolution, not by FDR looking the other way when he knew goddamn well the Japanese planes were on their way but this would help him persuade a reluctant public to enter a war 3,000 miles ago in Europe but by a competent authority that knew the facts and knew that the reason for those facts was not created by the chief executive. When'd you hear that in your public schools? The probability of success must be strong. We can't send young men and women into the known death and destruction of their human bodies without the probability that the just cause will be a victory. The force used must be proportional. You don't go after a NAT with an atomic bomb. In fact, you don't go after anybody with an atomic bomb. Well, we're so worried about Iran developing an atomic bomb. Let's see, who's used an atomic bomb? Who killed a quarter of a million innocents with an atomic bomb, floral? Who maimed millions of innocents with atomic bombs? Was that a just use? Of the execution of a war against the country that had already been decimated and was within inches of surrendering anyway. The final aspect of the just war, of course, is that it be fought fairly and quickly. It can't be used as an excuse to enrich the military-industrial complex and you can't fire one bullet more than is absolutely necessary to achieve the eradication of the profound and enduring public evil. Now, it'll take us all afternoon to apply these six standards to the wars in our lifetime, but let's just look at the wars that go on as we speak, Iraq, Afghanistan, and Libya. Was there a profound enduring public evil likely to harm anybody in this room? Is there anybody in this room who is more free or safer because we have spent 45,000 American lives, killed a half a million foreign persons and $2 trillion trillion on a credit card? Is anybody here more free or safer because of that? Was anybody in this room threatened by Colonel Gaddafi who though a monster was an ally who continued to receive even after we killed him, $4 million in federal aid from the same federal government that bombed him? Oh, because it was one of those laws enacted by Congress that they didn't have time to correct or change. So you see, my dear friends, how far libido dominandi has gotten us. You see how far the government has exceeded the confines of the Constitution and we as a public, because we sit here and permit this to happen, have gotten away from the rule of law. Was there anything even remotely just about any of this use of force? I think the answer to all of you is obvious. All right, just to cut the doom and gloom just a bit. I'm sitting in my office one day and O'Reilly's assistant calls me up and she says, hey judge, Bill's got an extra ticket to the Yankee Met game on Friday night. Would you like to go? I said, with Bill?  So I said to her, can I give the ticket away?  I said, Brian, you wanna go to the Met Yankee game with O'Reilly? He goes, yeah, where'd you get the ticket? I said, nevermind, you wanna go? He said, sure, give me the ticket, I'll go. Now the Mets and the Yankees don't play each other regularly, but they do six times a season. It's a big deal in New York. This particular year, the Mets had won three games. The Yankees had won two. This was the final of the six games that was played at Yankee Stadium. O'Reilly's limo and driver pick up himself and kill me at Fox in the middle of Manhattan. They go up to the Bronx where Yankee Stadium is. They have dinner at one of the three four-star restaurants in the new Yankee Stadium. They watch the game. This is a tumultuous game because the Mets are winning the whole game until the bottom of the ninth inning. When bases are loaded, Yankees are up. Derek Jeter at bat hits a routine pop fly into the infield. Normally the infield fly rule would be invoked if you're a baseball aficionado, but not in the bottom of the ninth inning and not when there's two outs. The shortstop for the Mets, a guy named Jose Castillo, if you live in New York, you'll never forget his name, drops the ball and the Yankees win the game. The place goes crazy. There's a tumultuous, almost upper Marlboro-like reaction to the Yankees winning this game. And of course, Jose Castillo is a goat. The phrase Pula Castillo enters the parlance in New York and it basically means to do the very opposite of what you are well-paid to do. So I see Kilmeade on Monday morning with Brian. Well, what was your, what was O'Reilly's reaction? They're both die-hard Mets fans. When Derek Jeter hit the pop fly and Castillo dropped the ball. It goes, oh, we weren't there. What do you mean we weren't there? What happened? Well, we left early. We left in the seventh inning when the Mets were winning and it looked like the Yankees were gonna lose. The game looked like it was over. I said, well, what were you and O'Reilly doing when he dropped the ball? Well, we were in the car and the way home. Oh, and what was your reaction when you were listening on the radio to the Yankee Mets game and Jeter hit the pop fly and Castillo dropped the ball. We weren't listening to the game. All right, Brian, what were you and O'Reilly listening to in his limo on the way home when Jeter hit the pop fly and Castillo dropped the ball? A rerun of The O'Reilly Factor. Only in America. By the way, the first part to that only in America is as Yogi Berra said when he once learned the mayor of Dublin was a Jew, only in America. In America, in America, on the 26th of October in the year of our Lord, 2012, 350 true believers in human freedom gathered in the middle of a pine wood site to celebrate and articulate human freedom. 50 years from now, 10 years from now, four years from now, will there be anything left to celebrate? Human freedom lies in everyone's heart. But like every muscle, it needs exercise. It must do more than just lie there. It is our generation that has been granted the role of defending freedom in its maximum hour of danger. My dear friends, we must not shrink from that responsibility. We must welcome it. God love you and thank you. We have some time for some Q and A. I don't know if we have microphones, do we? Yes, we do. If you'll wait till this young lady gets to you, we'll start with this handsome young man with the striped tie in the front. Can you give us a shot so everybody can hear you? You mentioned that Madison was the first president to declare war, but Jefferson was actually the first president to prosecute an undeclared war against the Barbie pirates where our Marines stormed the shore at Triple Lady. How many insights on that? No. But I appreciate the correction. If somebody was believed in a religion like Buddhism, for example, that doesn't believe in a supreme being, would you have the same rights deriving as, I don't know exactly how to answer to ask the question. Can a person who doesn't believe in God, can a person who doesn't believe in God accept the natural law? Is that your question? Yes, the answer is profoundly yes. Many of our colleagues, perhaps many of you in this room, I don't wanna offend you, do not believe in or recognize the existence of a supreme being. Many of you believe, many of our colleagues in this liberty movement believe that human beings are the highest and greatest natural creation by natural selection. But they also believe that because we are the highest and greatest natural creation by natural selection, we are sovereign. And that sovereignty gives us a supremacy over anything else. That means that you can't enter my face, you can't use force and fraud against me and you can't authorize a government to use force and fraud against me. So speaking theoretically and academically, you can structure a support for the natural law from the absence of belief in a supreme being just as easily as you can do in the Augustine, Aquinas, Moore, Locke, Jeffersonian system, which presupposes the existence of a supreme being. Yes, sir. The comments by Hillary Clinton and reinforced by her boss about the right of somebody to criticize Islam would reinforce your comments about the danger of folks in authority to be very susceptible or worrying about criticism. We just had it in Moscow, the lower house of the parliament, the Duma, has just passed a law very apparently broadly worded on the same thing, making criticism of officials a treasonous act. Well, you know, the National Defense Authorization Act, which only a few members of Congress, Paul and many small government Republicans and even some liberal Democrats voted against at which the Republican hierarchy endorsed and the Democratic hierarchy endorsed and the president signed reports to give the president extraordinary and unconstitutional powers. So that like the Alien and Sedition Acts is a statute directly at odds with the constitutional guarantees of the freedom of speech, freedom of travel, freedom of movement, due process, et cetera. We leave it up to the courts to invalidate those statutes. They don't have that system in Russia. We have that system here. Sometimes it works. Sometimes if you call a totalitarian draconian regulation a tax, it doesn't work. By the way, just to extrapolate on that thought for a moment, if you'll permit me, the idea that the extraction of cash for the failure to comply with Obamacare as a tax has been picked up by one of the authors of Obamacare. Rahm Emanuel is now mayor of Chicago. Chicago is now the most difficult city in the country in which to purchase a handgun to protect yourself. Even after the Heller decision in which the Supreme Court articulated that the right to keep and bear arms is an individual personal right, not a right belonging to the states or to a militia, Chicago made it impossible to do so. And then a second opinion called McDonald, McDonald versus Chicago, which Chicago lost directly addressed that and Chicago thought it was out of luck. And then Rahm said, well, wait a minute, we have the Chief Justice saying we can tax anything we want. How about if we take a piece of ammunition, a bullet which costs 50 cents and tax it at $5? So now you see the beginning of the dreadful, horrendous, horrific, unnatural, unconstitutional use and abuse of this word tax to regulate human behavior. Rahm will get his way until this tax makes its way to the Supreme Court and it articulates that a tax on an item 10 times the value of the item is obviously not a tax it's intended to confiscate or deter the use of that item which in and of itself is a perfectly lawful item to use. Two more questions. Yes, I was interested in the Bill of Rights that you were just discussing about that. And what worries me about that line of reasoning with the Second Amendment was the original Bill of Rights was only to contain the federal government. And it seems to me as though incorporation which came after the 14th Amendment, I think it started 75 years later has created a great amount of mischief. For instance, with the Second Amendment, maybe it's not such a good idea for felons to have guns. So the federal government shouldn't do that but it seems to me like the state should be allowed to do that. That the state should be allowed to interfere with your natural right to defend yourself? No, but that if you have a convicted felon who of a state that had used force for his crime that the state would have the ability then to say, no, you can't have. Well, the state, the states do have that ability but it is not the convicted felons that the state is worried about. The state's worried about people in this room who might stand up and say, you see that threshold you're not gonna cross and if you do, you're gonna pay for it. No matter who you are. Is it a good idea to incorporate the Bill of Rights to the states? Well, I can't answer that in a short time period. I will say that the reason we have the incorporation is because of the most nefarious, unconstitutional murderous illegal war in our history which was the war of Northern invasion which your school teachers taught you was the American Civil War perpetrated by the greatest monster in the history of the country, Abraham Lincoln. This resulted in the destruction of states' rights. I'm not in favor of a state having the right to interfere with our natural rights any more than I'm in favor of the federal government interfering with our natural rights. But the destruction of states' rights from and after the Civil War resulted in the states becoming just administrative districts rather than sovereign entities that could foster atmospheres of more freedom than in neighboring states. I guess one more. Yes, young man. Well, give it a go with your youthful, strong voice. You got it. Excellent. Well, I... Okay. I guess I'll reveal my anarchistic bona fides by saying that I agree with Lysander Sponer. As the country had the right to secede from Great Britain, we have the right to secede from the government.  Believe me alone. It is clear that the Constitution is unable to enforce itself because beginning in the progressive era and getting heightened in the New Deal era and almost without exception that I could give you probably a half dozen from the New Deal era to the present time, the federal government has written any law, regulated any behavior taxed to any event it wanted and the courts have engaged in sophistry and verbal trickery in order to justify it. I mean, you know that the Commerce Clause was written in order to regulate interstate commerce to Madison and company regulate meant to keep regular, to prevent Alabama from taxing goods coming in from Georgia but to make sure that goods could pass freely on a regular basis over interstate commerce. Fast forward 200 years and the Congress has regulated the size of your toilet bowl, the strength of the water pressure in your shower, the amount of sugar or high fructose corn syrup as the case is today in ketchup, the amount of lobsters you can pluck from the sea and the courts have allowed all of this gradually the slippery slope towards the dark hole of totalitarianism has been greased by courts who have taken an oath to uphold the Constitution. That's why we're all here. God bless you, my friends, have a great conference. Thank you.


What I'd like to talk about is a produced water from unconventional now that we solved all the legacy issue We can turn our attention to produced water and I want to talk about origin of the produced water characteristics, what are the potential impacts, what are the management options, and I'm going to close off with a few thoughts on future challenges and opportunities in addressing and produced water issue.  I'm sorry I started like that 10 years ago and so I can't change you know although the original birding was without a K, so it was fracking without K.  Now in the frack fluid composition, there's a lot of discussions there and the EPA website contains hundreds of chemicals that have been ever used in hydraulic fracturing operation anywhere ever and so there's like hundreds of chemicals, nobody's right mind is going to put all these chemicals in the frack fluid and so you can see that the chemicals range from acids, you know, bio-sides, cross-linkers and all of these chemicals have some purpose in the frack business and there's a lot of them but you're not going to put all of these chemicals into one job and the reality is that early on we try to put this in perspective by saying okay less than a half a percent of the total volume or mass of stuff injecting the well is chemicals, but considering that you know we're injecting five million gallons of water at 2,000 tons of sand, you know, half a percent is still about 50 tons. That's a lot of chemicals so that didn't serve the right purpose, but nowadays you know in Pennsylvania at least where we exclusively do a slick water fracturing they basically introduce three chemicals. Okay, fractured reducer is not single chemical, but it's a FR 300, FR 400, mostly polyacrylamide but you know there's one chemical for fraction reduction, one antimicrobial agent and scaling Hibber and that's it. So the the the and in that case the additives are less than 0.1 percent. So that is much better than half a percent that we used to use in the past. Now after you're done fracking the well you have to release the pressure, let the water come back out to open a pathway for gas to start migrating to the surface and that is a called the flow back because and it's just operational definition. It really doesn't matter. It's the first couple of weeks when you have an active crew flowing back the water and managing that water before you put a well in production and then suddenly we call it a produced water. It's the same thing so I'm going to talk about it as a produced water in general. So we typically in Pennsylvania get anywhere between 10 and 40 percent. This is this is a vertical well so it doesn't matter 10 to 40 percent and the flow rate starts off at 6000 barrels a day and then quickly levels off to you know 10 barrels a day or 20 barrels 50 barrels a day and actually here you have to choke the well to not take the sand out. So the reality is that the 10 to 40 percent of water comes back out during the flow back period and the rest comes back out during the operation as a produced water. So the question is why only 10 to 40 percent? Well the shale formation when you frack it there is a lot of water that's being held in the shale formation by capillary forces because we're talking about hairline fractures so the capillary force are holding a lot of water there plus Marcellus is almost bone dry you know it's very under saturated and it's a lot of watering vibes into the shale and stays there and then it comes back out over time with the gas production. So the question first question that people were asking is this fracking fluid going to contaminate our groundwater? Is it going to reach the groundwater and so forth and the DOE did a fantastic job in the Green County where they were monitoring six wells that are being drilled in the Green County. They had a few conventional upper Devonian wells in the Bradford formation and they put a couple of monitoring wells and there were monitoring this site for a very long time and based conclusion that they came up with is that you know there is the fracture growth during the hydraulic fracturing stopped more than 5,000 feet below the drinking water wells and there was no evidence of any upward migration of gas or fluids from this hydraulically fractured Marcellus shale well that's going to go up and start contaminating everything above it. Now the producers here were quickly discovering that they don't know what to do with this water But so the less of it comes back out the better off we are and so then they discovered if you shot in the well Not by intention by an accident. They ran out of they didn't have the pipes ready to go So they shot in this well for about 13 days or so and they got less than 10% of the water to come back out Just because the water imbibes more and more into the shale formation and stays there And that's a good thing for them because the less water that comes back out the less they have to deal with But the reality is that for example in this case We had a two wells that were fracked with a tap water you know they used to frack with a tap water and You know the two wells nearby actually mimic each other in terms of the quantity of salts or TDS Total is all solids start off at about 20,000 it kind of increases in levels to about a hundred in this case This was the well that was shut in for 13 days But it was fracked with the produced water reused in the formation So of course the salinity comes out much higher because your frack fluid was 50,000 TDS So your produced water is going to be at least that much and it's going to grow from there and the reality is that there's a lot of Data that people have looked at of various formations how the the water that comes the produced water that comes out Initially is a signature has a signature of the frack fluid and then later on has a signature of the produced water and you basically have you know reduction in the Hydroflex in the frack fluid and increase in the formation water and this is the paper from Conduction science of total environment to show you that here are the different Formations and their best estimate as to the salinity of the water and the volume produced and you can see that the Marcellus is pretty dry It's a very little volume produced and one of the producers early on told me if if the Marcellus were anything like Permian, you know with all that water we wouldn't be developing it as fast because we wouldn't know what to do with the water So it was just luck or the draw that Marcellus doesn't have much formation water and we don't have to deal with it Now what's in the produced water? Yeah, you know, you can typically look at this Anions, you know total dissolved solids, you know up to 340,000 and then radium and uranium radioactive active components and clearly when you see the barium that can be 2000 milligrams per liter and calcium magnesium fairly high concentrations the first thought that we had was that Yeah, maybe if this industry is systematically polluting the surface water We ought to see some barium, you know coming up in the surface water analysis And so because there are spills that have been recorded and so already talked about it So I'm not gonna spend a lot of time talking about spills They do happen, but these are spills that are in a DP web PADP website And they include two gallons here 20 gallons there even the spills on the line well pad are recording on the spill database And so if you look at the one mid-sized EMP company that in 2012 moved 68 million barrels of water and the total spill they had a 66 spills that were a total number of barrel equivalents were spilled was 1500 That's 0.002 percent of water that they moved around spilled I would think that's a pretty Decent record in terms of what happens with the water that's being moved around And so we look you know Sue and I have been looking at it for three years because we wanted to become famous and Show irrefutable evidence and say aha we got you and so Unfortunately, you know our good conscious We couldn't make a determination that you know the barium and the bromide concentration all these other contaminants are Systematically on the rise in surface waters in Pennsylvania Of course, you know once we get closer to this period where we're monitoring closer and you know this industry came to town That's one of the good things about this industry in Pennsylvania because Environmental issues came to the forefront people are much more cognizant much more Aware and are monitoring and looking at these issues. So that's good for the environmental gene department And so in and they're starting to monitor discharges, you know permitted Discharges from unconventional water treatment salt water springs and so forth and that's where you have this higher levels But if you look at Barium you can go back to 1965 and and today in 2010 the differences are not observable So we can't really say there is any systematic evidence yet The other question comes a lot is the organics aha in organics not a problem. What about the organics? Well, if you look at this, this is a very nice paper came out in 2017 where they looked at the 40 Compounds dividing to semi and the volatile semi volatile and non-volatile compounds that are associated with produced waters and these Group of researchers took all these compounds and say, okay, let's see what happens if we take a Well-feeled under development. We were drilling about 60 wells per year and assuming that 70% of that water is reused for fracking and That 30% is directly discharged into a local creek, you know during low-flow conditions What's gonna happen? So they took this a Risk-based approach to say how much of a risk is that gonna pose for the ecosystem in the aqueous environment? And it turns out of out of these 40 compounds that were initially identified There is only about nine of them that exceed this risk quotient above one and this risk quotient is calculated by dividing the maximum concentration of these contaminant in the I'm sorry in the river maximum concentration predicted in the river based on the dilution ratio with a Probo or not no effect concentration meaning that these were based on the studies that anybody has ever done with these Compound and what is the lowest concentration that exerted any kind of impact on? Daphnia or that had minnow or any of these aquatic species And so you can see that there's only a couple of compounds that have a fairly high risk You know three or four compounds that have a fairly high risk and the other ones are Not on the radar the reason why I'm bringing this up is that To me we shouldn't be focusing and trying to identify Everything that's exactly in that stream because we could spend the next 20 years doing that as the Equilateral equipment gets better and we can trace level detect trace levels. We can do that. It's not a problem We should approach take this risk-based approach to see what happens if this water ends up This produce water ends up in this scenario or that scenario how much of an impact is it going to make? Before we make a decision to investigate specific compounds Now what do we do with a produced water? Of course, you know you already heard in the video the 90% of the produced water is going to disposal wells We tried the discharge to publicly owned treatment works in Pennsylvania for a short period of time And then they quickly figured out that that's not a right thing to do We have some centralized waste treatment facilities in Pennsylvania that are by and large converted There the most of them were from from the conventional wells and very small flows and so forth But now most of them are being converted to recycling plants And then the other one is this treatment for reuse or surface discharge You know is the other option. This is what I already mentioned that Is a brilliant strategy that came out of Pennsylvania in support of the oil and gas industry So disposal wells in Pennsylvania very few of those available in Pennsylvania and no commercial capacity speak of and You know, they will probably play a limited role because most of the formations that are suitable for disposal are already taken for gas storage That the gas storage makes more money than the disposal well So it's unlikely they're gonna be converting these formation into a storage of disposal wells and the other thing is that people have start looking at these conventional depleted reservoirs and I'm nervous about it I don't think it's a good idea simply because if you look at this graph, you know from a classical graph, you know That looks at how far from the horizontal formation how far the fractures Extend to prove that in most cases in the Marcellus shale We're more than 5,000 feet below the bottom of the groundwater and that was the point of the figure But the other point that I want to make is that this conventional well are sometimes at two three thousand feet The other thing is that the fractures can you know extend two thousand feet if they keep fracking Overboard and so to me using the conventional depleted wells for disposal is a very risky proposition because like you heard we have 200,000 conventional wells we don't even know where they are and so the chances of connecting with one of these well wells are pretty high So treatment for reusing fracking operation. That's a great idea reduces liability in the volume of water And so we looked at what are the roughly the cost of the treatment for variety of options when you take it to a Class to disposal well, then you do a little bit of a treatment in the field for reuse or maybe you do a little Extensive treatment for precipitation for the removal or norm or you do the offside So there are technologies that are already in play that can be used and they cost money anywhere from three bucks of $3 a barrel to maybe $7 a barrel This is that based on the technical economic analysis got no market conditions built into these costs and so this is how we switch from 97 where most of it was Basically going through a conventional treatment in 2007 we started a little bit with the POTWs But right now 90% is being reused a little bit goes to Ohio and for disposal And there is a little bit of advanced treatment processes that can mechanical vapor heat and pressure and compression To remove the water and recover clean water out of it now The problem that I see and and I sit in academic institution I can afford to think five ten years down the road and the problem that I see is that Every well field eventually becomes a net water producer your water reuse For fracking only works as long as you have another well to frack once your Product your drilling schedule is out of whack for whatever reason either the barrel the cost of gas goes down or You're done fracking your ability to reuse the water is diminished more and more and these are projections you know in Pennsylvania that it's going to keep just going into the Number their volume of produced water that needs to be handled is you're going to keep increasing and these are projections that shell made in 2011 for specific well feel that at some point The amount of water produced is going to be greater than what's being able to reuse for fracking And then somebody's going to have to pay the piper and figure out what to do with this water Of course disposal wells are a big alternative in in Texas But as we've heard they're under pressure the capacity disposal wells is getting to the limit And so they're being taken by Producers and we're going to have to figure out what to do with this water And so we said we can do the treatment and the favorite response from industry is like okay We can do advanced treatment recover the salt and Do a crystallization and get sodium chloride out get 90% removal? I said great But the question is what are you going to do with all that salt and back at the envelope calculations say that you know Let's say we have 80,000 wells in Pennsylvania and we get 80% salt recoveries for free doesn't cost anything We're gonna be producing 8 million tons of sodium chloride in Pennsylvania You can't think that all of that is going to be using for the icing the roads because the entire US of a uses Maybe 12 to 15 million tons of salt including Colorado Wyoming and so you're not going to ship salt and beside the current salt Producers are not going to play dead and you know turn over and say okay go ahead So we need to figure out what are we going to do with this water and think about it as the resource rather Than a liability the other issue that's coming back higher my radar screen is this norm in Pennsylvania because we have the most Radiogenic Formation that we're fracking into right now There is very little norm being generated Comparatively and most of that goes into the landfills and basically each landfill has the annual Limit that it can accommodate and as long as you diluted with the garbage to stay below 25 picocuries per gram You're good And so but the problem is that right now we we had a when I did this calculations It was seven and a half thousand well So total radioactivity 22 curies when I divide the all of that by the volume of Solid waste generated in Pennsylvania. I end up, you know below five picocuries But if I make a projections What is the amount of radioactivity is going to come back out once we're hit over? 35,000 wells in Pennsylvania There's gonna be so much norm coming back out that I can't possibly diluted with all the garbage that's being produced in Pennsylvania and somebody's gonna have to ship it to Michigan or Utah and pay for a box of down for disposal So to summarize We've seen a rapid development of this industry and like any other industrial activity where people are involved, you know accidents can't happen But there is no evidence for widespread groundwater contamination by the fracturing fluid. There's no widespread evidence for Sustained impact on surface water quality. We have very little disposal options in Pennsylvania Those wells in Ohio are 300 miles away from payoga County So it's pretty expensive to truck the water there And so the flow back water you reuse is a great alternative for now works perfectly in Pennsylvania But it has a limited lifetime at some point It's not gonna be feasible and at that time we need to be looking and developing industries They're gonna utilize some of the resources that are available in this produced water Whether it's a sodium chloride calcium chloride for fertilizer or whether it's a lithium and some other components that are valuable And I think maybe the time is now to think about these opportunities in the future so with that I'm gonna thank you for your attention and be happy to answer questions No question


Hello everybody, it's Eva from Mohamian Crafting here again, and today I'm coming to share with you My latest journals I made This is my design team project for Amazing amazing shop dreams, etc. I love this shop for a very long time And I'm so happy to be designer for for Jennifer now, and I'm also too scared that I will screw up Hopefully not and I made two journals in that Kind of Midori style with my Swapping So I'm gonna share first this my design team project and then I'm gonna share with you this second one Which I finished it's that Parisian which I made before so I'm making few of them I'm gonna share this a little bit later This is general Which I made from Amazing collection this collection. Oh my god. Oh My god, I don't know Widget digit. It's that word. I'm not sure if I am pronounced that right Those papers are Amazing they are gorgeous and they are very very versatile here is One sheet I print out those tacks. I have to put them all together all those images. This is one sheet. So I print four sheets plus this banner From all those sheets They are amazingly gorgeous. There is so many options you can use to you can fussy cut out those words Those beautiful butterflies you can place them like tax This Collection it's stunning and it's very versatile. I'm using it now for my different journal. I'm kind of in in lilac color And I'm making this type of journal It's multi-opening with pockets with so many pockets and I'm using just pieces. I'm using For my layout, where is it? Where is it? It's not finished yet. Okay, so don't Here is one butterfly here is that telegraph sign here is journal and I fussy cut out that journal with all those clocks So I'm using it just here and there and it's amazing this one. It's from the collection as well and it's gorgeous Embellishment and it's really easy to use like this memories. So you can use it totally many different styles I'm gonna share with you what I made It's multi-opening again Jung journal It's fully loaded and it's really very heavy, but once you will take off all those epimeras You can use them in your journals. So once you will take them off. It's not too heavy and it's more manageable, but I really like how how it looks and I think This journal will be for sale. So I think it's if someone will gonna spend money They should get something for those money. So that's why I loaded this journal so much I'm using this Not ribbon. What is it elastic band for closure? Here this one It's not just a not just charm or embellishment. It's also I shouldn't take off that bandage, but it's also like carrying You can hang it on your hand and it's really strong So it will hold all this journal together so you can carry that like like your hand back And I used some embellishments on that elastic band as well Here is small pocket So you can slide something behind This is backside Here is another pocket and I used all those papers for decoration that you can see that end of that page This was like journal page. So I print it out. I used loads of glossy Glossy accent in this journal because those images are just gorgeous. So here is large Large pocket and it's opening like this. I showed this journal a little bit in my previous video So now we will go through all this stuff. I'm gonna start on this side Hopefully I'm in view. I took a few advices which Patti sent me Thank you so much Patti for all your advices. I'm gonna try it if I will be successful So here I made this multi-opening pocket And I decorate all those pages with this amazing Design as you can see, it's really cheerful. It's gorgeous. Here is like pocket And I use this acetate piece for decoration I saw using this acetate piece in many videos about Photography albums and I really like that. It looks amazing. It's catching eyes So I had to use it and I actually this acetate it's piece of packaging Yeah, I've got here small piece When you got I don't know butterflies or some stickers. Maybe I'm not sure This is from but those butterflies this piece This piece it was probably from some stumps not sure from which one but I just cut out With my scissors this piece and I place it to Tim Holtz Tim Holtz died Die cut. What is it dies? Those labels those decorative labels and I went through to my big shot and it looks amazing so if you've got Those plastic packaging you can use them like your decoration here And I tried to stamp it with my permanent stamp and it doesn't work So next time I know I have to use that hairspray. I made video a while ago How I am printing printing on acetates. So first I'm gonna spray it with my hairspray Let it dry and then I'm gonna stamp it because I know then it will hold together So this is just small Advice or small sharing. So here is pocket also pocket. It's here. I showed you in that video How to make inserts so large pocket is here Here you can see that gorgeous gorgeous Images so everything you can fussy cut out here. You've got that number strip and it's continue yet This I just cut out. It's continue with beautiful images Here is a page from journaling pages All those birds. I'm planning to make some Artistic journal Totally different journal than I'm normally doing and those birds and those butterflies will be brilliant for that those butterflies Oh, it's and all those words. You don't have to you don't have to Google for any any special design you've got everything here and another small tip Those beautiful stones. Those are clear clear stones I'm not sure where I've got them I think I lost it right now I'm not sure where I placed that Small drawer with so many goodies. I've got here small drawer with so many goodies and I can't find it now So shame. Oh my god. I'm sorry. I can't find it But I think you can you can imagine what I mean those are very small clear stones So I glued them using that glossy accent just a small bit of glossy accent I glue it on a book page on a dictionary book page and then I fussy cut out Then I'm using it like my decoration You look fabulous and they are not heavy So it's brilliant decoration for your tax or for your pages for your layout this journal I glue it on On a page with pink design that lilac design where I've got it here It was very soft lilac design and I glue it on that soft lilac design and I'm using it with that design But with that book page underneath it looks better. I like it more But those clear stones are very useful and very decorative so it's this page Here is just space for journaling Keep in there this tag here. I made large pocket And it's there this ephemera. I'm gonna try put all those ephemera somewhere on the side so you will see Here is space for journaling. Here is another space for journaling Beautiful papers as you can see and I print it on both sides. So all those images are from this gorgeous collection and right now Jennifer have beautiful sale gorgeous wonderful sale She put all Papers from this collection. I mean tags journaling pages those ephemeras Those oh my god I don't know all those words, but all that collection. It's in one pack for a really great price. You will have So many so many great amazing Digitals for a really brilliant price. I will put link for those down below here Look at this look at this. Yeah, here is. I'm sorry. Here is another ephemera. It looks like this So I'm gonna put all those here small ador tag all those ephemeras on on the side and you will see those Papers for writing here small ephemera and I used few those circle paper paper clips like the correction and holding those ephemeras Here another ephemera come on Yeah this There is really lots of space for journaling Here is another paper from this collection and again. I used this acetate piece and as you can see this is I think Tim Holtz cabinet card die Hopefully I remember that right here is another gorgeous tag from this collection. Maybe I can show you yes This is one page Which you can print out so on that page are those two tags With that dream big and I just Resize it and I put it on one sheet with all those address and it's a really gorgeous collection Here we've got another ephemera Slowly I used different coffee died papers and this is from I think a collection collection Just because I did those beard as well and butterflies Here gorgeous collection. Here is that and changed not sure. Oh my god sorry for my presentation and here I made those small bits and pieces you can add there just small notes here another tag another ephemera here we've got second signature With those openings and I forgot to say that Tutorial for those for those triple pockets. I found on paper crafter 45 channel I will put link for that video down below as well So you can have a look on that video so here is this page with this ephemera and Again small layout on that acetate piece. This is from that collection This is from collection as well a really gorgeous papers gorgeous papers Here I'm using pieces of acetate with stomp like decoration this one. This is from collection as well And this I will have another tip for you here another ephemeras This I'm gonna show you My findings I'm using sometimes that what is it molding Molding that it's not paste. Maybe it's paste What do you can put to your molds? Let it dry and then you've got that resin piece mold, what is it? and I Saved this one. It's from Christmas Christmas advent calendar with those small chocolates And I'm gonna use it for my Christmas decorations because there are beautiful beautiful images and When I worked with this I noticed that here It's number and I was if I will put that paste here in that number and I will want to use it in my in my project that's so shame that they are like put Inside so if I will flip it over my numbers will be like in a mirror and then I was thinking Why I will don't put that paste from the bottom So they are not pop up from my mode. They are inside of my mode, but they look really good so if you've got that That paste which you put to your molds and it's dry on the air use it go to check out your Those plastic sheets or or your molds or anything. Maybe you will find there some number as well And it looks really good. I like it. So it's another sharing what I found Here another beautiful gorgeous papers from this collection. I love love all those words which you can fast cut out from there Because sometimes I've got really problem to find nice words in A nice design and here you've got everything. Sorry. I have to Slip a little bit of water Sorry, sorry all those For journaling from journaling pages It is That opposite side. Oh, no other side here. I've got another another pocket again, I use that Acrylic stone or what is it and I use again acrylic piece like my decoration as you can see that Paper is gorgeous. This I fast cut out from that sheet from one sheet and I just fold it So half of that butterfly is here another half is here and I use that acetate on this side as well So you've got pocket here all those signs are from this gorgeous collection Here I just decorated with this with those Brings Here in those pockets You've got this stock This epimera another epimera here. Also those papers are from this collection Here this beautiful tag. It's really gorgeous. I love that collection because it's very useful And here I've got those are proper Proper old proper vintage papers They are from books. I found on Carbwood sale, they was very old books. So I use them here for journaling It is just crazy pocket. I made you can slide something behind gorgeous papers And I didn't decorate them too much because I think this journal is decorated really well and here we've got those two tags Gorgeous look at that beautiful picture and memories you can use it for so many different projects And here I forgot to put some tag, but I think It's okay. Here is large really beautiful large pocket And here I used again that a glossy accent for those gorgeous butterflies And here we've got double pocket pocket on the top and pocket on the bottom And I used loads of those metal pieces like decoration just here and there. It's just small bit and it looks good This I fussy cut out from those small tags. I print out And it's like small decoration on tag We will go to other side Here I place just journaling page for some notes or for some addresses phone phone numbers Here it's beautiful gorgeous envelope which is on envelopes are on a few sheets Yes, I forgot to see and it's opening like this here I've got small ephemera and this can be open like this So you've got pocket behind that small space for journaling and you've got this space for journaling and this is from This gorgeous collection as well Here another ephemera and here you can see how gorgeous design Jennifer made with this collection. I really love that and I'm using this small tag for my closing and that flop from that envelope. I used like half of my pockets here It's very large beautiful pocket here and I used again piece of acetate again. It's that Tim Holtz. I Think it's called cabinet cabinet card. It's that middle one. Not that large. It's that middle one And before I glue it here. I glue it on a piece of journaling page from this collection and I really love that effect and I decorated then with those What is it? Wooden pieces and those flowers Here we've got again few journaling pages This is gorgeous paper. Gorgeous paper. Really. I love this collection. Oh Yeah, sorry Again, I use this small stone with that book page background this one and Here we've got in pocket. I made pocket out of glossing back it's pocket here and small pocket or Slight slight space. It's behind that glossing back and I made small layout using all those gorgeous images from that collection So even if you will do Mixmedia project Mixmedia journaling page Here in this collection, you've got Loads of options. Well, how would you can use here? I use just strips I've got like my decoration for Tak and I think it looks fabulous It's just really two strips and it looks good. I love that here I used a little bit of glossy accent But I didn't cover all those Wings all those wings because when you Look at a butterfly He looks like his wings are like for with those fluffy fluffy effect Federer's oh my god, like with teeny-mini small feathers. So I want to make that That not Slight effect So you just went with that glossy accent really like I'm drawing with that and it It was dry with those lines and I really like that. I really like that effect and here again image from those collections and behind that I used a piece of Lace so you can see behind that another butterfly from this collection Again a few pages Oh my god, I forgot see Mamma Mia, I forgot here. I made small pockets Here are three pockets on this side so you can slide something behind there Large enough to hold business cards or Bank card and here I've got large pocket here with this stack Small packet here again. I used Some sign from those beautiful papers here just a few cameras again journaling pages I love this collection and you can use this collection for so many different styles of journals for Romantic for grungy all those Kind of those images in that a little bit darker Colors they can be used in grungy style and as you can see if you will see all that collection I was totally amazed how Jennifer can put can put all those collections all those beautiful images together and They match together really well here I'm talking too much Here it's like belly band so you can slide something behind here I will have to repair that butterfly Here is pocket, which I show you before with that small embossed effect. This is that extra. This is that extra Other signature which you can all took a took off here. I've got two ephemeras I'm gonna show you if you will take it off No, not took off, but take it off If you will take it off all and You will carry this Hold this maybe on your table on in your drawer somewhere This journal will be very small So here I've got that extra insert Just made like pockets and it's full of ephemeras as well from this side I've got a envelope Opening envelope here are two pockets And I left that window here so you can see a little bit What is inside? And I put there this ephemeras in that second pocket It's this ephemera Those papers are not from this Budget I'm sorry I can't say right that name of that collection But I will definitely put the link for this collection down below that those papers are not from this collection Those papers I just add here Because I love that collection. It's also from the dreams, etc. And it's called documented. I Love this collection. I'm so surprised that I didn't make I didn't finished project Which I've got in one drawer over there I just didn't finish that yet, but I love this collection as well And here some small ephemeras here. I used again piece of acetate and it's just like stock spot And here is another large pocket And those ephemeras, this is like small booklet Those ephemeras it's closing on magnet and you open it You've got pocket here With those ephemeras like this And again, I use this gorgeous Paper I'm not sure if I made no, no, no, no. I made just one pocket Here I've got this beautiful image and I'm not sure. Yeah, you can slide something small behind this piece of acetate Which I also glued on one of those sheets from this collection. It's like that butterfly Here is one Wing wings. It is one wing. Here is body of that butterfly. It's continue in this side So I used one sheet of that From this collection like my background for this one And it's open like this Did I oh my god, I didn't show you. Sorry. Sorry. I'm gonna show you that rest I thought that it's opening on that other side. Here is the rest From one side. Here I used again that piece of acetate This is from this beautiful collection This is from that documented collection and this is from this widget, widget collection I will have to have a look again. I will have to put it to Google Translate and tap there that speak now The translator will tell me and I've got here just this sign And those ephemeras Sorry for that. I forgot here another side And here small book light. So it's here on this side. Sorry Okay, and when we open it here I've got large pocket here. And there is this ephemera With this one In this pocket. I've got just small notes. Oops. Did I stuck? I think I stuck there and this small ephemera It's here and here in and it can be open I showed you in the previous video. It can be open and something can be signed in this pocket here And same it's on this side. It's just opening to this side So it can be open here and it's pocket behind Come here. Come here. Come here. It's pocket here And when you close it, you've got pocket here from the top and again those beautiful papers And when I close this side We'll turn it and I showed you I think already this pocket. Yes, I did and because Those pages are Decorated I made again like writing board I used yes, this is I think I showed you somewhere where I showed you Oh my god here. No here here Here here This it's same image like here this gorgeous butterfly Gorgeous gorgeous from that side. I use different Image from those gorgeous papers And I really like that effect with that acetate So and finish that sentence. I already started That some of those pages are really well decorated like this one and if I will want to write on some page here I will have a really difficult to write down because those Embellishments will make my pen just jumping all over it. So I made this small Writing board you can put it Under your page and you can really easily write anything you want So this is like small tool because all those pages are really not all but so many pages. It's really decorated well So this is small tool and now I'm going to show you So this is journal without embellishments here. It's a pocket. Yeah, I showed you This is journal without embellishments And it still looks good. It doesn't look that it's empty at all you can cover it like this And here is that extra insert and here Are all Epameras which are included in this journal. I think I will place them to separate back So this is what is included in this gorgeous Not gorgeous I mean what I made from this amazing gorgeous collection it's very Very subtle collection. I really love that I stopped to do anything else. I just start to work with this because it has really so many options what you can do with it Mix media project Your journals It's so many options what you can do with this this collection I will put links links for Jennifer at the shop for Jennifer's block down below and definitely I will put links For this collection and for the documented because that documented collection. It's amazing as well And maybe if you will sneak out in her shop, maybe she she's got those stones and I think this is brilliant Embellishment. So this is my sharing with this journal And now if you if you don't mind I will very quickly Of this belongs to the journal very quickly shared that other one This is smaller and it's not So loaded like that before but it's loaded as well And it's heavy as well and this is cover my journal Again, I used that elastic band for closing and I decorated with those With those Here I used like decoration this chain Silver chain and it's open like this. This journal have a pocket here has a pocket here With this bingo card And it's open like this and it's in that Sorry, I'm gonna place it on the side. I'm sorry And it has that vintage style Like was those before It was Parisian here. It's just other thing Because I really like this those cards Those are self self adhesive cards, so you can put some images underneath. Oh my god, it's folding Just bear with me. I'm gonna move it a little bit more Sorry for that. So I really like those those what is it? Business card or business card holders. So I included here And here I've got just very simple book book tag And I used again. I use different types of Papers and I coffee dyed them and I used few images With those gorgeous ladies like my decoration. I use that Parisian style of paper In this journal again few Oh my god, few epimeras I used some Laces here is pocket And when you slide something Right behind so you can see that through that window here Hopefully I am in view. Am I hopefully? Yes I'm still not sure if I'm in view because in my camera it looks like I've got a huge space But when then I put it to computer, it's like teeny-meeny small space. So I'm not sure Hit those epimeras and I think This is from that Jennifer collection as well I mixed it those those epimeras So here papers for journaling here. I made Layout for my pocket behind its pocket here It looks like this from this side And I include those this gorgeous. It's like postcard And this gorgeous And this journal will be for sale as well well, I think I'm still waiting for answer from one lady. So if she will don't answer me, you will find this journal on my ebay as well Here it is just Envelope from book page Which I decorate from this side with gorgeous picture of Oh, I got in my language This city, it's Bernatke, but in I think it's Venetia That city with the city in the water With those canals It's beautiful Italian city And I include here this postcard and just index card coffee died here. I've got this epimera gorgeous And it's envelope here This epimera and again coffee died In that card It is just small layout Here I've got like Newspaper page So you can read it And I used few photography pages from Very old book it's book from 1930. I think I really love those Those photographs so I didn't decorate them too much some of them And here I'm using Large pop like my holder For this epimera Here I've got this small epimera From that other side. It's this Cabinet card Here I've got another beautiful lady They're really gorgeous and here I've got just small Book page tag And it was behind this tag spot here. I've got small layout and it's like belly band for your tags or for some notes And here I used again at the tape piece again. It's from that packaging And this time I used embossing folder. So it has that embossed effect and I made small layout Here I'm just hanging this Utah is that Utah fabric Utah heart hurt And I've got here this gorgeous image lady And here is pocket behind as well Here I've got this small Holder it's I think business card holder I don't know why I like to use those Those pockets and folders. I think they are nice Something exciting And here's small small epimera here. I made oops here. I made pocket In end of that book page And it's just index card there again a few pages for writing And here I made belly band and I use this gorgeous lady. I really like her. She's gorgeous So I have to use this wooden wooden frame around her and I found this epimera this picture and I was thinking it's That curly design. It's exactly what is Matching all together. So I made like belly band with hair. Oh, sorry and That was this way no this way, sorry This beautiful epimera and this gorgeous lady Again pages for writing and here Just few epimeras in this envelope and not one epimera and one index card small layout with parties It's parties from 19 where When in party was the word exposition I love that age and I saw many french movies about that exposition So hopefully after my holiday, I will show you one journal in this style, which I really love It's not finished yet. And I don't want to show you right now because it's not finished yet That journal have to be shown after I will finish that and here I used I used stamp for this. It's that what I told you that molding paste Which is dry I've got it here. I'm using this paste. It's not paste. It's mold. What is it craft clay? Oh my god creative creative crafting clay This is from What is what is it? What is it? memory clay tonic studio here tonic studio creative crafting clay this dry Uh on the air and it's dry it's like Plastic not sure how to explain it But I will show you On this frame. This is from same same product. This is from same crafting clay And it's movable and it's really very very light. It's like paper and you can use any colors to Decorate it you can use any glue to glue it down So I used a same product For this one and I just stump In this in this paste. What is it clay? I just stumped him holds inspired stump and let it dry and then I used My inks and I make it like rusty effect So this tonic studio creative crafting clay It looks like this here. It was that top Really brilliant really brilliant tool And yeah, sorry I've got pocket behind And this small epimera Again few pages for journaling And I used few those paper doilies And here I've got small layout Using this beautiful picture from 90s from that world exposition And I used those this Divider or Folder divider. I think and this beautiful epimera small epimera And again a few pages for journaling And here I've got like small booklet Where you can write down some notes and it's pocket here behind Few pages and here I made pockets Using large piece of lace and I included those epimeras this postcard And this small postcard And from that other side I used like decoration that CD CD cover because it's really brilliant decoration I have to say and it's pocket here from the top and also it's pocket in that CD cover Looks like this Here is the end. I've got small slide pocket here This is end of that chain which is outside like decoration from this one. So this is that other end here And on this side On this side we've got small envelope here. I'm not sure if I placed something I forgot to place something inside but here I've got like belly band for my This is small epimera This one and here I've got mini teeny booklet And I've got here most most visit So here small teeny mini booklet With small epimeras picture Teeny mini Eiffel tower Cover Oh my god it glued inside. I have to unglue it. I will do it later Here is opening small tag here Here is like tag spot. It's a really very small Teeny mini journal. It looks like this Let's I have to unglue that image. No Here I've got like a small pocket and those two Epimeras again few pages for journaling. This is small insert And this can be open And we've got This ticket Here can be placed some small small Photographies and it will be brilliant And I left this beautiful photography Here I've got like extra space for journaling maybe space for photography Same it's on other side And I just use those vintage images And here I use this gorgeous image of those Parisian ladies and I make it like small booklet. And I use that Oh my god, it's knife in my paper trimmer, which not cut all that paper It's just cut in pieces so you can just rip it now in at same Same point. I hope you know what I mean. I don't know how to say that how to explain it. It's like that ripping notebook Oh my I'm so glad I cannot talk with my hand So then it's more understandable Here because those two Epimeras and again Nice paper clip Few pages for journaling here. I've got envelope and I've got Epimeras inside this one This one Here I've got those beautiful butterflies And it's holding with this gorgeous Paper clip and from that other side is this gorgeous lady And here I try to make Pocket out of paper doily But I'm not sure I'm not sure if I will do it again because it's so soft that pocket. It's really soft So probably it was for first time First and last time because it's very soft pocket now But I tried and here I've got pocket with this small Layout Paper doily envelope Can I have something in yes, I've got here this picture And here I've got this boy beautiful cabinet card And again a piece of photography And here is a just small layout. It's just writing space It's covered with those lovely couple And this is end Here is just small Layout as well. This is end of this journal Those are Epimeras in this journal Huh this I have to hang it back I'll open Epimeras in those journals including that small mini booklet and those poles This one. So this is my sharing for today those Flipping journals Multi-opening journals I hope you like it. I really hope you will go to have a look on this gorgeous collection Winget widget I'm sorry. I don't remember right word for that collection, but I will I will definitely link This collection down below Both of my journals will be probably on ebay. I will Sort out my etsy etsy after I will come back from my holiday I've got I think two or three more videos which will be uploaded, but they will go In the air When I will be already on my holiday, so I will look forward to see you back when I will come back from my holiday. Hopefully, hopefully I'm gonna meet the Spina in in Greece Hopefully we will meet there girl. I can't I can't wait. I'm so excited So if I will have some news, I will try to connect you through my my instagram I will also try to upgrade some Informations about me through through the instagram and also through the facebook Hopefully you like it Those journals will be on that ebay probably just till till till the saturday because saturday is last day when I can send it and I can't Be sure that my sons will send it if something so till saturday they will be Open to poor cheese, but not longer Then it will be after my holiday Thank you so very much for all your amazing comments Thank you so very much for all your support and Hopefully see you soon after my holiday. Have a great time and take care people. Bye