Hello, welcome to Devly, a multi-service development environment. I am Eric Hodel. I work at Fastly in the developer engineering department on our development environment, which I'll be describing for you today. I've written a lot of Ruby code, some of which you use every day. I'm Ad EZKL on most places on the internet. I've been writing software of one kind or another for more than 20 years now. We currently work within Fastly's site liability engineering organization, focusing on improving the internal engineering experience. Fastly, for those that don't know, is a content delivery network in Edge Cloud Provider. We serve traffic for GitHub, New Relics, Spotify, and many other popular websites and services. We also provide service for all Ruby and Ruby gems downloads. Do the same for many other open source projects for your charge. Ask us after the talk if you're interested in using Fastly for your open source project. We have servers all over the world which serve more than $14 trillion with a T-request each month. This constitutes more than 10% of all internet traffic, which still kind of blows my mind, because it was not always that large. We also employ the owners of 100% of the world's best dogs. Very dog from the company. We've got dogs all over the world. We are currently hiring Ruby application engineers. If you're interested, please find Eric or I after the talk, and we can provide you with details. A quick note before I continue. I currently live in Portland, Oregon, but I was born and raised in a small town called Meadville, about two hours north of here. This is my first public talk, so I'm excited to be getting so close to home. Thank you for the opportunity. So today, we'd like to discuss a problem that we believe impacts organizations of all sizes. Can I raise this up? Is that cool? Awesome. So today I'd like to discuss a problem that we believe impacts organizations of all sizes. To help us illustrate this problem, I'd like to tell you a story about the evolution of Fastly's API. This is a rough approximation of the service architecture that backed the Fastly API circa 2012. The original Fastly development environment consisted of a copy of each component of the Fastly API running on each engineer's laptop. Soon after, the early team decided the virtual machine should be employed to provide a degree of operational uniformity and parity between development and production. Another attribute of Fastly in the early days is that all the engineering work was being done by a very small group of people. Changes to the systems were easily introduced and distributed through source control, which allowed the teams to rapidly develop and deploy changes. Another side effect of the small size of the company was that focused discussions are possible, and this made decisions easy to communicate. Let's zoom back in and step forward in time a few years. Fortunately for us, the company was successful during this period of time, and that success opened doors for new opportunities to expand the business by adding additional functionality to our API. In some cases, when we added new functionality, we added new supporting systems. When we, as software engineers, get one in this room, add new functionality and dependencies to our systems, we introduced complexity. I don't mean to imply that complexity is necessarily a bad thing. To the contrary, we would argue that complexity is an unavoidable side effect of growth. There is something else that I haven't mentioned yet that complicates matters even more, which is that we like to use the right tool for the jobs, and many of our services were written in entirely different languages with very different workflows. So despite the increase in the number of languages and services, our development environment stayed much the same. Moreover, the gaps between each group's development workflows grew considerably. This became increasingly problematic as our engineering department doubled in size every six months for a number of years. So as a result, our original development environment became increasingly unreliable and established processes to communicate changes broke down. Maintaining any single engineer's development environment was problematic. So we have engineers working on everything from code that runs in the Linux kernel to code that runs on the browser. And the needs of each team in those different areas are dramatically different. Our original development environment was unable to meet the needs of one team without compromising the needs of another. This growth continued regardless of our development modes. Companies may continue to grow. That's just what it's going to do. So rating and scaling software is complicated. And there are many moving pieces and things to keep in mind while you're doing it. As an industry, we've established and continue to improve upon strategies that help us direct our time and energy. I believe this is due in large part to our ability to observe software systems in isolation. Organizations, on the other hand, are far more complex and much harder to observe in systematic ways. But by introspecting on our own experiences and listening to our coworkers, we were able to find some themes and common frustrations of which these are some examples. So here's your laptop. We'll see you in two weeks when your development environment is running. Does anyone know why the API gateway crashes in a loop? I updated the rest of my development environment and now nothing works. What happened? I can't do my work today because I need to rebuild my development environment. It's clearly untenable and becoming worse over time, increasingly problematic. How many people just out there have actually had a development environment like this or experienced these things? I'm sorry, but I'm glad it wasn't just us. But we're over in the development environment. Our friends and coworkers are becoming increasingly frustrated with the situation. So what to do? During the same period of time, a lot of new tools arrived on the scene, none that met all of our needs. So, through observation, research, and a lot of discussion with our friends, coworkers, and peers in other companies, we arrived at a few important themes. We believe these themes embody the traits of desirable developer focused productivity tools. The development environment must be reliable. I should be able to run a small number of commands to get what I need running. I should not have to know how every system works to do my job. And I should be able to easily see the local health of systems I rely upon. I should never, ever have to spend a day rebuilding my environment. Development environment must be accessible. Maintainers of systems must be allowed and encouraged to maintain their development environments collectively. I should be able to build and test new changes across systems owned by different teams easily. A development environment that spans multiple teams and workflows must be maintainable by the community of folks that are using it. Managing changes in source control illuminates past and present ownership even with many components. So structure and form should be encouraged through convention, documentation, and good tooling and feedback loops rather than enforced by gatekeepers. We want our development environment to be able to run the street services together in a composable unit.  A development environment must be reproducible. We need the ability to determine and apply the last known good state of all systems. Source control with similar mechanisms should allow us to determine how we arrived at this known good state. And we should be able to leverage existing tools like Git, RubyGems, Perl's CPAN, Python's PIP, and Golang's DEP to arrive here. So through the rest of this talk, we hope to show you how we started to meet the needs of our coworkers at Fastly by applying these themes to a tool we've been building together for the last year. We call the tool Devly. To tell you more about Devly, I'd like to hand things off to my friend, close collaborator and the lead engineer on the Devly project, Eric Hodel. Thank you, Zeke. I will talk about Devly and some of its components and features. As Zeke covered, Devly is designed for developers. Devly builds images from your repositories. It uses those images to manage containers, and it enables communication both within and across teams of developers. Devly is distributed for macOS and Linux. We provide a standalone executable built by Rubypacker and provide packages for macOS and Debian. Devly lets you configure all of your services. It helps you build images from your repositories using Dockerfiles. It allows you to configure those images to run as services and runs groups of services together as part of a rack. An image contains the files necessary to run a service. The audit log image uses Ruby, so it has a copy of our application code. This code requires some libraries like Rails, Sidekick, and a JSON parser, so the image contains those installed gems. And the JSON parser requires a C library, so we install that along with the OS package system. In our repository, there is a Dockerfile that contains the instructions for building this image. Images can contain applications for any language. Our stat service is written in Go. Its code has a Go binary compiled from the stat's application code. The web app our customers use is written in Ember. This image runs a copy of the application code ready to run. We share all these images across all the teams by uploading and downloading them from the Google Container Registry. And this allows us to be sure we're always using the latest images and the latest source code. Devly service is a runtime configuration for an image. Here we've created the audit log service using the audit log image. The service runs a command. Since the audit log service provides an API for managing event data, it runs a Rails server to provide the HTTP interface for events. Our audit log service needs to be accessible to other services so they can read and write events. To allow other services to communicate with us, we expose port 8888. And if you use a development framework like Rails that supports live development, you can mount your repository on top of the files in the image. This allows you to work in your favorite editor from your favorite OS. You can change a file on your host OS and see the changes in your browser. This service runs the audit log API, but we also have some sidekick background jobs to run. To make it easier to read our logs, let's use a separate service to run those background jobs. Since the background jobs use all the same models and databases as our application, we can use the same image. We create the audit workers service, but we run the sidekick command instead of the Rails server command in the audit workers service. Then we can start up the audit log service, the audit log API service. It only runs the Rails server, and when we start the audit workers service, it only runs the background jobs. This separation helps make development a little more accessible because the logs are separate. We can also test our audit workers in complete isolation from the API. We'll create a few more services for our applications, including the authentication API, the configuration API, and some databases they use. If we're going to work on the configuration API, we don't want to start up the services that we don't need, the same if we're working on the authentication API. We create a rack for developing the configuration API that only contains the services it needs. We need a MySQL database, the audit log service, and the config API services to do our work. A rack can customize a service. Since we want to access the services running in the rack for development, we expose ports for a few services to the host OS. This allows us to connect to those ports of our browser. You can also set environment variables or mount different files to change the behavior of the service. Devly allows you to configure multiple racks. The authentication team needs to work on its services, which include the Postgres database, the authentication API. The authentication development rack also uses the audit log service, just like the configuration team. When we start these racks, they use independent containers to run their services. This allows the teams to have different configurations and software versions for the audit log service that won't collide with each other. For example, you can start up both racks at the same time and isolate bugs that span multiple services. Using common configuration to replicate services across teams makes sharing your work easier. The configuration for the images, the services, and the racks are in the shared Devly library repository. Fastly, we allow any developer to make changes to the Devly library and have them discuss the proposed changes with people that develop that service. The authentication, configuration, and audit API teams all have racks, but using the audit service. When the audit dev team proposes changes with audit log service, all of those teams need to be able to discuss them. By tracking the connections between teams and services through the Devly library repository, they become more visible, which improves the maintainability of your services and the communication across your teams. Now that we've had an overview of the components of Devly and how they combine, I'll show demos of some common development tasks using Devly from the perspective of developers on the various teams we've just seen. We'll run through some workflows like getting started with development, sharing changes within and across teams, and set up some convenience tools that will make development easier for ourselves and our coworkers. We'll start at the beginning by setting up Devly as a first-time user. We run Devly Setup and give Devly a Git repository to pull a Devly library from. This downloads the Devly library repository and the other repositories for our services. Along with checking out the repositories, Setup performs some additional checks, including the Docker version and your Google SDK version. The Setup command will try to fix things it can or give you a message to help you fix it if it can't do that by itself. This step takes no more than a few minutes to fetch your repositories and perform the necessary checks. Once Setup completes, we can run Devly info to see what racks and services are available to us. Devly will give us a list of the racks and services in our Devly library. We can retrieve information for a rack, which includes the services it starts. And we can retrieve information for a service, which includes the image, the repository, and metadata for ensuring the image is compatible with the files in the repository that we've mounted, and it's up to date with the image in the registry. Now that we have completed Setting Up Devly, let's start a rack and perform some basic development tasks, like viewing logs, using our service, and making a small change. The Devly Up command starts a rack. Since we don't have all the necessary images downloaded from the registry, first we see Devly pulling one of those images. Once all those images are downloaded, Devly creates a network to isolate this rack and starts all the containers. When containers aren't dependent upon each other, Devly can start them in parallel to speed up startup. Now let's check to see if everything is running okay. We run Devly status to see which racks and services are currently running. We can see that the two API services in the database are running, and we can see that the two API services are accessible to the host OS on ports 8888 and 9999. We can view the logs for the rack by running Devly logs. This command will continue to follow any new logs until we exit with Control C. Since everything seems to have started for real, let's try out the configuration service by switching to the browser. The configuration service was running on port 8888, so when we load it, we see the main page for the configuration API. Now we're triple sure that the rack is working. Let's switch back to the terminal and view the logs from this request. Devly logs shows our HTTP requests from viewing the config API main page. Everything is definitely working, so let's do some work by opening up the main page in our favorite editor, VIM. We open the source for the main page from the host OS and add some text. This is an example service, and because no one has ever figured out how to exit VIM, we only save the file. So let's switch back to our browser and see if our change worked. Reloading the configuration API shows the text. This is an example service as appeared. Our change was successful. Let's check the logs to see if it wasn't a fake. So of course the request from the refresh page appears in the logs, and since this has a 200 response with a different page size, we definitely loaded new content. Now that we are done with our work, let's shut down the rack by running Devly down. This stops all the containers we had running. This might save me a little bit of CPU power, but normally our services at Fastly are lightweight, even when a rack has a dozen services running. When we work within teams, we'll be pushing and pulling changes to our repositories. And when we work across teams with Devly, the other teams will push images for their services when they have a new set of features ready. For this workflow, the AutoLog team has updated the AutoLog image to add a source field for events. And we need our services to use this new feature. First, let's see if we already have the source field by loading the AutoLog service in the browser. I see the user ID, the timestamp, and the action fields, but no source field. So we're using an old AutoLog image. Let's switch to the terminal and update our image. So to be verified that we don't have the source field, we'll pull the latest image, and sorry about the lack of output, it's a bug. Our running AutoLog service is still using the old image, so we need to shut it down and start a new image. We can do this with Devly Restart, which will replace our AutoLog service with a new one running the updated image. Let's switch back to our browser to see the updates. We refresh the AutoLog service in the browser and see that the source field has appeared as we expected it. Now that our AutoLog service is running the latest image, we can continue updating our service to use the source field in the AutoLog. So far we've worked outside the container, but sometimes we need to run commands from inside the container where all our dependencies are loaded. So let's pretend now that we're on the AutoLog team and we'll go back in time a bit. We're not working on adding that source column to our database. And to do this, we need to run this migration we've just finished writing. We can't do this from the host OS because none of our applications gems are available. They're only installed inside the container. So we need to run the migration from inside the AutoLog service. Let's start with the browser again. We view the AutoLog homepage, and of course, we don't have the source field because we haven't run the migration yet. Devlyexec lets us run commands inside the container. We don't exactly remember the image layout, so we start a bash shell so we can explore. After the shell is open, we remember to change to the AutoLog source directory. Then to check to make sure we're in the right place, we run rake, capital T. Then we can run the migrations. We see that the migration said that it added the source column. So let's go back to the browser and check it. Reloading the page in the browser shows the source column migration is complete. Now that we've remembered where the rake tasks run, rake tests live, let's run the command directly so we can use our shell history in case we need to roll back and retry the migration if there was an error. So we switch back to the terminal and run our migration using Devlyexec with a complete rake command line. Now this is a little better, but it's really only okay for this one task, because we have one time. When we share this work with our other teams or team members, how will they remember how to run the migrations? What we've done is not very usable, and it would be nicer if the migrations ran automatically when we started a rake so we can get to work right away. We can automate running the migrations at rake startup using a post build task. The post build tasks run for a service after the rake starts to perform any extra tasks, any extra setup tasks you might need, such as the migrations like we saw or seeding data. This lets users who are unfamiliar with the service get to work right away. Post build tasks live in Devly library and are built as rake tasks that Devly up runs. The tasks live in the post build namespace. The task is named the same as the service it will run for. The rack argument allows Devly to run migrations on the correct service if you have multiple copies running in multiple racks at the same time. Here we'll run Devlyexec on the auto log service, just like we saw running the migrations earlier, and we'll use the same rate command line to run the migrations. After shutting down the rack, we can start it up again with Devly up. We go through all the steps we saw before from the start a rack section. Then at the bottom, we see Devlyexec run our migrations, including the migration output. Now, whenever someone starts our service, the migrations will run automatically, so they won't have to look up or ask what to do. Of course, we still need to run migrations during development. For the next time, we want to change the database schema. Shutting down and starting the rack takes several seconds, and we don't want to take all this time. To make this easier, we can save the long Devlyexec migration command as an easy to remember command. We don't want to have to remember or look up or type this long command to run migrations. Let's give this command a friendly name that's easy to type and remember. The saved commands live in a Devly YAML file. Excuse me. Saved commands live in the Devly YAML file for the repository we are working from, here at the log repository. Each repository can have its only Devly YAML with custom commands. Let's zoom in and look closer. The run commands are a collection of the friendly command names that we want to run. I chose migrate as the name of the command which will run the migrations. The command runs on auto log service. And the command line is the one we've seen earlier that runs the database migration task. We can also define a test command that runs the tests inside the service. This way, anyone can run the tests where all the dependencies are up to date. So now we can run Devly run migrate from the auto log directory and we see the migrations run. Or we can run the tests. Since these tests are inside a container which is running as part of a rack, they may communicate with other services in the rack. You can have separate racks where one is configured to run unit tests that don't talk to other services. And a larger rack with more services that runs integration tests. Either test suite could be started from a saved command. Sometimes we have to work on a service together with another team and Devly has a workflow for cross team development. The auto log team is working on some new high security features. They haven't been complete yet, but they want our feedback before they continue and make something that's too difficult to use or integrate. To give them feedback, we need to work with their work in progress branch. We were told that if we went to the auto log page, we would be running the correct code if a high security logo appeared. We go to the auto log page and see the same one as usual. No high security logos anywhere, so we'll need to switch to their branch. The high security branch may have new dependencies that our image doesn't have. We'll need a copy of the updated branch on top of our existing image because updated gems and code won't be there. We'll need to build a new image to be sure everything will work. To build the new image from the high security branch, first we need to tell Devly to use our repository we control. We use Devly link to tell Devly about our copy of the repository. This will let us build an image from the correct branch. We see that the auto log repository is now linked inside of the Devly library. We go to our repository copy and we check out the high security branch. Then we use Devly build to create a new image for the auto log service. Now that our new image is built, we can restart the auto log service. We use Devly restart again like we did when we pulled the auto log image that had the source field. Now when we reload the browser, we can see we're using the high security branch because the high security logo is present. We can now do some test integration with the new code to give feedback to the high security features. As adoption increases, we'll want to centralize image building through continuous integration so you always have an up-to-date images in your registry. By running your tests through Devly, you have a more consistent environment because the image, service, and rack are all built and configured the same way, both continuous integration and local development environments. Regular Devly setup may take too long in a CI environment as it performs in the library history. The CI mode for Devly setup reduces the history and repository saved to save time. The CI environment has our repository checked out to the correct commit already so we can use Devly link to use the correct source files. Overwrite flag makes sure we replace any existing files. The new code we're testing may have new dependencies, so we need to build a new image Finally, we start the correct rack for testing this service. Then everything will be ready to run tests, same as our local environment. The next thing to do is run our tests. This uses the saved command we saw earlier. If the tests successfully pass and we're on the master branch, we can then push our new config API image to the registry to share this image with all the teams. Adopting Devly has given us a common way to start more and more of our services. Once you have a sufficient set of teams on top of this capability beyond the workflows I've demonstrated. All the workflow demos I showed were for Ruby applications, but they are no different for developing a Go application which runs a compiled binary inside of an image.  This makes the development process more accessible as you don't need to learn as many new things when working on different languages. I've already shown the basics of CI and Devly, but with a common way to start services and run their tests, you can go beyond running tests for a single service. The services you build are composable into larger racks. The more services in a rack you have, the closer to a real deployment you come, so the easier it is to run integration tests or end tests across your services. By ensuring your images, services and racks are reliable at every level. You can more easily move your containers toward development deployment. The image as the base of all your services makes the contents of any application accessible to various security scanners. This allows you to run internal compliance processes, run vulnerability scans of the libraries you're using in your images, or find issues through static analysis. You can perform enhanced testing, such as a rack for fuzzing, where bizarre inputs are sent to your service that try to break it. You can get started with chaos engineering from an isolated, stable environment. You can build separate staging environments for groups of services, order on integration tests. And Zeke will share with us a few things we've learned while building and collaborating on Devly with our co-workers. One of the first things we've learned is that finding early adopters is key. We were fortunate enough to have a really diverse group of early adopters with varying degrees of experience who were willing to provide us with constructive criticism early on. We had a few early adopters who were able to provide us with feedback on containerization and orchestration strategies, which is really, really helpful. We also had a few early adopters who were relatively new to the company and who had little or no previous container experience. All of our early adopters made Devly a better product, made Devly an early product, a better product early on. Especially with the folks who were new to the company and had little to no container experience, their perspective was key because accessibility is one of our desired traits. So on top of the feedback of our early adopters, their advocacy helped us increase our internal adoption from 5% of product engineering groups to over 50% in a little over 6 months, which was pretty fast. So with that kind of adoption rate, we learned the importance of building, sustaining an open and supportive community within the company very early so we talked very openly about our plans, successes, and especially our failures of acknowledging the fact that we making mistakes and we're learning with everybody as we're going along. As of today, our Devly library repository has 30 contributors and includes people from almost every team in fast engineering, which is kind of pretty rad. So all this fosters a sense of shared ownership and togetherness that has been really important in the development and adoption of it. Establishing feedback loops with the people, with this community you're developing is very key. The more heard people feel, the more likely they will be to talk and ask questions and provide feedback and that's ultimately what we're trying to do is to get people to talk more. It's kind of interesting that as software engineers we're building tools and we're kind of thinking about everything as being codes and requests going between things, but really the communication is what this comes down to in some ways, gets introduced. One of the ways that we really working to establish these feedback loops is to sort of acknowledge, discuss and ticket bugs that our users are finding very, very quickly. And when we fix them, we let the people know the report of them and we try to get them involved in sort of the review process to make sure that we've actually solved the problem that they're seeing. It's been really important. Documentation is really good. Getting started docs can reduce friction and it absolutely need to be maintained. One of the things that we did early on that I think was really impactful was to have sort of like separate operating per operating system getting started directions so that people would just say, just go to the docs so that they're actually accurate. That in combination with the packaging that we're doing lets people say like, here's your laptop install this package, go through these directions and it actually has a terminal within a relatively short period of time. Our desired target was sort of to go from multiple days for the time to start up a new development environment to 15 minutes and we've been achieving that for three or four months now, I think which is pretty kind of phenomenal. So we also because we're building this community we want our users to know that they're free to update the documentation if they want to. We don't tell people like, go update the docs yourself, but we'll do it as well, but we want it to sort of become a shared resource that everybody's using to learn from and to teach their peers. Another thing to document, and this is something I think is a major learning for that he helped enforce that I was not doing a very good job at was documenting the administrative tasks and release processes that we were using to get these package things out. You'll be very glad you did that because the last learning was that I made everything that you can as part of your internal pooling. It turns out that QA automation for cross-platform CLIs is really really hard. I think QA in general is really hard. I find it really hard, but doing it when you're dealing with multiple operating systems and a lot of moving pieces makes it incredibly hard. So despite the deadly CLI having 97% test coverage we find bugs in weird state cases all the time, or I guess our users do. And so the more automation that we have especially around our release process proving to be a real time saver if you're going to be releasing a lot of new versions pretty rapidly and delivering them to the end users. We've also started to extend both the tooling and test harnesses so that we're able to check for and report common issues around things like the rack schemas. The beginnings of that make it really really easy for people to redirect and that we do some sort of like automated testing against it to see if all of the services are exposing the right ports or if they're doing anything that might be untoward for the environment so that we have a way to sort of inject new conventions into our CLI process. We regret to say that Devly is not yet open source supporting our users at Fastly in preparing for this conference to not allow us the time to prepare Devly for open source release but we're very close. Watch us on Twitter and probably at Fastly as well we'll post something on the blog and we'll certainly link those to open source. Once again we are hiring, if you're interested talk with us. We're both very nice. We'd like to thank our reviewers and there are a lot of them for helping us bring us to talk we'd also like to thank the Devly users to help us make a great tool for development just like legitimately took a village and we have a one at Fastly a lot of really supportive folks credits for logos and things that we used and thank you. Yes, thank you for your time. Are we managing configuration for services? So the Devly library contains how the application code gets shared within Devly and is a reflection of how it will run in production. Inside of the service if there's any whatever ports it needs to connect to for other services those are handled internal to the image. So those live in the repository anything that connects two services together like exposing the ports or setting environment variables to run a certain way that lives in the Devly library. So how do we manage two services sharing or two projects how do we manage two projects having the same service? So there's many of our racks we use services I think the most used services used in 15 racks or so and that one the configuration inside of Devly is very small because there's been a convention about talking within all the teams that use it about we're going to run on this port we provide this API and there's the regular communication that Devly is facilitating between the teams that use it so Devly doesn't necessarily to manage the service and more as a focus on managing the communication that needs to happen to share that information. The service configurations can also be overridden at the rack level if you want to do something different can we provide some local environment overrides as well as branches and those sorts of things? So the question was this looks a lot like Docker Compose is it what's the relationship so we started by using Docker Compose we found that Docker Compose's features seemed more production focused and we wanted to have more control over what commands our user had to type what error messages we would give because if we use Docker Compose another command line tool so we'd have to parse its errors convert those into something that we could tell our users this is what you do to fix it so because of that we are borrowing large parts of the Docker Compose schemas but we provide all of our own Docker interactions we have our own client for that. We did a hackathon project to kind of kick this whole thing off that I sat in a room for three days wired up Docker Compose Docker and a bunch of rake files and made a monorepo and then sort of we did it that way and pretty quickly it was like guys are going to become unmanageable it was also a really good opportunity I think for both of us to really learn a lot more about the Docker APIs and sort of what's sitting under the covers and how it's been really good as we're looking at using containers in production as well to actually have a pretty good idea thank you for your time and you can speak with us afterwards outside


The study aimed to evaluate the perception and possible hesitancy of people in Jordan toward a tentative COVID-19 vaccine using self-administrated online survey. The results showed that most participants believed that scientists have adequate tools to develop a safe and efficacious COVID-19 vaccine, but around half of them reported not having adequate information on the benefits of COVID-19 vaccination. Preference for achieving immunity against COVID-19 using natural ways was the most commonly reported reason to refuse vaccination, followed by concern about adverse effects associated with the vaccine. The study recommended educational campaigns using television and social media to better inform the public of the benefits of COVID-19 vaccine in reaching a herd immunity-based strategy to control the current pandemic. This article was authored by Rana K. Abu Fahar, Karim H. Al-Zubi, Omar F. Kaba and others.


So in order to take a look at our loops of Henlein, I'm actually going to take us to my favorite place, University of Michigan, Stalogy site. These guys are amazing. You can actually see the entire kidney, and we're going to be able to go in and mess around just like you can in lab with your slides.  So if you take a look at the big picture of this kidney, I don't know if it's just because it's me, but I totally can see the cortex of this kidney. Out here, I can see that line, and then I can totally see the medulla of the kidney. Do you agree with that? So I can't see renal pyramids, and that's okay. But I can definitely tell the difference between cortex and medulla. What structures are we going to expect to find in the cortex? Well, right away we know, look, I mean you can see them already, we know that we're going to expect to find renal corpuscles, Bowman's capsule with the knot of glomerular capillaries, and in fact, sure enough, we can. We know that we could totally spend time in here through in labeling these in the cortex as either proximal convoluted tubules or distal convoluted tubules. We also have some collecting ducts in here that are receiving the filtrate from the distal convoluted tubule because the distal convoluted tubules have to dump in somewhere and the collecting ducts start up there. But let's go check out the medulla. Let's go farther in and you can see that the nature of the situation changes. Does it look different to you here? The medulla is just going to be a massive line of holy collecting ducts and loops of Henley. Can we tell the difference between the descending and the ascending loop of Henley in our histo slides? Not going to happen. Can we tell the difference between the collecting ducts and the loops of Henley in the histo slides? Someone can, I guarantee. We're not going to do that either. The direction that we probably would go is, who would you expect to see in the medulla? Number one, you'd be able to tell that we're in the medulla because we see no renal corpuscles. Number two, we'd be able to know that medulla is where we're going to see our loops of Henley and where we're going to see pieces of collecting duct. I have one more section to talk about the collecting duct and then that's the end of this lecture.


It was August 25th, 2016, and Shanna Grice was home alone. What's crazy about this case is that Shanna had already complained to the police five times about fears that she was being stalked. In fact, during one of these reports, she was reprimanded by the police and handed a fine of $90 for wasting police time. If only officers knew just how wrong they would be about Shanna. They'd be forced to learn the hard way that Shanna's fears were justified, and her life was in serious danger. Shanna Grice grew up near Brighton in Sussex, and she had a pretty ordinary childhood. Shanna was an only child, but she had plenty of friends at school to make up for her time that was spent alone at home. We don't know too terribly much about Shanna's upbringing or her time in school. Her family haven't really shared much personal information about her since that awful crime took place. What we do know is that she was described as incredibly lively and vivacious, so it's clear to see that she was a young girl who had a passion for life. As far as we know, Shanna's early years played out without too much of a fuss. By the time Shanna had entered secondary school, or high school as we call it here in the States, she'd already taken her life into her own hands and started crafting a future for herself. It was while she was attending high school that she ran into a boy named Ashley Cook. The two met sometime around 2013, when Ashley was 17 and Shanna was 16. During the outset, the two were inseparable. What began as a passive interest in one another grew to something far, far greater within a matter of a few months. Before they knew it, the two started dating, and not long after that, things began to get quite serious between them. After graduating from high school and moving on with their lives, the two remained together and were deeply dedicated to one another. Or so it seemed. See, Ashley was dedicated to the relationship more than anything. But Shanna, well, she was beginning to have a change of heart. After school, Shanna had found a job at a local fire alarm company. And when starting a new job, you're bound to meet all sorts of new people. And one of these people was Michael Lane. Up until this point, the relationship between Shanna and Ashley had been nothing but perfect. But after meeting Michael, Shanna began to have second thoughts. See, as far as I can tell, neither Shanna nor Ashley had ever been in another serious relationship before this point. And I mean, how could they have been? They were literal children when they first started dating. And while this is nothing to really be concerned about, the two obviously didn't have much life experience behind them. So when Shanna met Michael Lane, well, she began to wonder if Ashley really was the one she had thought. Michael and Shanna were always able to laugh with one another, no matter what they did, whether at work or otherwise, they had fun. The same was true between Shanna and Ashley. But with Michael, things were different. He had an energy about it that was captivating and infectious. To top this off, he made Shanna feel like she was the only thing in the world that really mattered. Before long, Shanna realized that she had started to develop feelings for him. Now we don't know how the situation played out specifically, but one thing led to another and Shanna started to feel like she and Ashley may not have been the perfect couple that she thought they were. She proposed the idea of the tube taking a break, testing the waters and making sure they explored all of their options before dedicating themselves to one another at such a young age. It seems that Ashley likely disagreed with this idea, but what was there that he could have done to stop it? After all was said and done, the two agreed to take a break and they went their separate ways. Immediately after setting their feelings aside for a while, Shanna began dating Michael Lane. But there was one big problem here. See, Michael was definitely the sweetheart that he portrayed himself to be, at least in the early days. But as time passed by, Shanna began to realize that there was much more to Michael than meets the eye. Rather quickly, Shanna began to feel trapped, smothered. It took her less than three months to realize Michael was not the person she thought he was. She knew she made a big mistake. Before we keep going with the video, I wanted to show you guys a great new mobile game called June's Journey. If you're in a true crime and mysteries as much as I am, this game will be perfect for you. June's Journey is a hidden object game, but with a pretty captivating story involving a murder mystery. It takes place back in the 1920s, and each new scene and level takes you through a different chapter of the story, setting up June Parker, the main character, to solve the mysterious murder of her sister. This game is completely free to download, and the basic idea of the game is hunting for clues and hidden objects that may help bring June one step closer to solving the case. You can customize and remodel your mansion as well as your garden island along the way. Now, I grew up playing Seek & Find games like this, so this game is right up my alley, and I feel like you guys will enjoy it as well. It's super relaxing to play and easy to pick up when you have a few free minutes here or there throughout the day. You can click the link below in the description to download the game on iOS and Android devices. But it's also available on PC through Facebook Games. So if you're ready to dive headfirst into a captivating murder mystery and help June solve the mysterious case surrounding her sister, just click the link below to download June's journey. When Shana first met Michael, Michael had been working as a mechanic at Brighton Fire Alarms, while she had a position somewhere else in the company. Needless to say, there was a serious attraction between the two, but this is likely because Shana had no idea about Michael's colorful past. See, by the time Michael and Shana had met, Michael had already been arrested just a few years prior. The specific number has never been revealed, but we know that several women had filed complaints against Michael. Now, I don't know about your specific definition of the word several, but to me, that means it must have been at least three or more women. These women had filed complaints against Michael that covered a span of around 10 years. Mind you, he was only in his late 20s when he met Shana, so this guy had been in constant trouble for his entire adult life. One of these women who filed charges against him described him as being, quote, very controlling in their relationship. A few of these women accused him of obsessive and stalker-like behavior. At least one woman claimed that he sent her erotic photos against her will, and this report seems to suggest that he might have done this on several occasions involving multiple women. Several of these women claimed that he would show up to their homes unannounced, harassing them by luring outside of their doors or windows. One of these women, even claimed Michael, had become physically aggressive with her at one point. Since Shana was blissfully unaware of Michael's history, it's clear to see that she had no idea what sort of red flags she should be looking out for. The two continued dating for a period of around three months, but all of a sudden, Shana had a change of heart that seems to have come from nowhere. Ashley, Shana's former boyfriend, has never revealed why Shana decided to do this. But he says that he got a call from her out of the blue one day, and she admitted that she made an awful mistake by breaking up with him. She made it clear that the time that she'd spent with Michael only helped to prove how deep her love for Ashley had really gone. She begged for Ashley to take her back, and considering he'd spent most of his time hoping and praying for a call like this to come through, he had no issues with reigniting the relationship. But that doesn't mean there wasn't trouble in paradise, because you've got to remember, Michael had fallen head over heels for Shana by this point. Michael knew that he'd been somewhat of a third wheel from the very beginning. It was clear to see that the bond between Shana and Ashley went much deeper than anything he could have ever hoped to have with Shana. After all, the two had essentially grown up together. That's not a bond that can be easily replaced. Needless to say, Michael was angry.  Immediately following their breakup, Michael confided in a friend about how he had been feeling, ending their conversation by saying, quote, she'll pay for what she's done. If you're watching this video, chances are you're familiar with the man by the name of Ted Bundy. The interesting thing about Ted Bundy is that he was able to lure women in by making them feel safe, valued, heard and respected. He had a charisma about him that was unrivaled. While we all know the monster that he turned out to be, the women he attacked could never be blamed for falling into his trap. He was a master manipulator, but he put on a front like no one else. He gave the impression of being someone you could let your guard down when you were near, someone you could trust. See, Michael Lane was the same way. He was a man that you and I both clearly know was a bully, and that's putting it incredibly lightly. But for the women that he had an interest in, he was able to put on a front that was downright irresistible. In the days after Shanna and Michael had broken up, he became incredibly depressed. Not only this, but he began to obsess over the months that he'd shared with Shanna, and he vowed to do whatever it may take to get her back. He initially took to harassing Ashley, first by leaving a note on his car taunting him, saying, Shanna will always cheat on you. Thankfully, Ashley knew that this simply wasn't true and didn't really let it get to him. Shanna, on the other hand, wasn't as willing to let it go. She contacted the police and reported Michael's actions, but they didn't really do much to help. They showed up and gave Michael a verbal warning, but that was pretty much the end of it. But soon after this happened, Michael installed a tracking device on Shanna's car. This device would alert his phone anytime Shanna's car moved, giving Michael time to jump into action and follow her wherever she went. One day, he followed her home. He approached her as she was just outside the front door and grabbed her phone. He then chased her around while Shanna did everything she could to escape his grasp. But that's when he lunged toward her, grabbed her hair, pulling her closer to him. Once Shanna was able to break free, she called the police and it seemed like they were willing to take the case more seriously at this point. When officers showed up, they immediately arrested Michael for assault, but rather strangely, no sooner than he was taken to the station, he was released. When officers were questioned about this, they explained that they let him go because as far as they could tell, no crime was committed. They believed that this was nothing more than an argument between a young couple. So they wrote the whole situation off rather quickly. The reason they believed this to be the case was because as they searched through Michael's phone records and his text messages, they noticed that some of the texts that were sent by Shanna had been signed with five kiss emojis. Investigators exact words were, quote, Shanna would be signing texts to Michael with five kisses. This is not harassment. Now, I'll admit it is certainly a bit bizarre that if Shanna felt so threatened by Michael that she would be signing her texts with kisses, especially after just getting back together with Ashley. I don't really understand what's going on here, but to top this off, Shanna was hit with a $90 fine for supposedly wasting police time. The thing is, just prior to Michael being picked up by the police, Shanna had reported him for stalking and leaving unwanted flowers on her car. So if the two were already at odds with one another weeks prior to this, it just makes the kiss emojis all the more bizarre. A couple months after this, the situation escalated dramatically. When Michael stole a key from Shanna and let himself into her home without her knowledge, he snuck in in the middle of the night while he thought she was sleeping, just standing beside her bed and watching her. After a while, he turned and left. As of a turnout, Shanna wasn't asleep. She'd hurt someone into her home. So rather than running or trying to hide, she thought it was best to just fake being asleep, hoping that whoever had broken in would just take whatever they wanted and leave her alone. She only realized that the criminal had in fact been Michael, which he saw him walk past her window as he was leaving. Needless to say, Shanna reported this incident to the police as well. Michael was once again arrested, but was once again let go, simply being told by the police to stay away from Shanna. The very next day, Shanna would receive seven phone calls from a blocked number, believed to have been Michael, in which he would do nothing but heavily breathe into the phone. When Shanna tried to report this, police basically shut down, and said that they would not be looking into the situation any further. Two days later, when Michael was seen stalking Shanna, she reported him once again, with the responding officer claiming that this was nothing more than a low-risk case. Adding that he'd make the case leader aware of it, but we all know that this means he basically wrote the whole situation off and never spoke of it again. Finally, on August 4th, 2016, Shanna spotted Michael hanging outside of her home. She confided in a friend that she was terrified the police wouldn't believe her, obviously based on her previous five experiences. Her friend actually witnessed this particular situation, so we know without a shadow of a doubt, Shanna was telling the full truth. Ashley backed up Shanna's claims as well. Regardless, this time, Shanna didn't call the police. And unfortunately, this would prove to be a fatal mistake. It was August 25th, 2016. Shanna was at home with her roommate, but at some point in the evening, the roommate stepped out for a while. As it would turn out, this ended up being an evening in which Michael was loitering outside of Shanna's home, keeping tabs on her and watching for when she'd be left alone. No sooner than he saw Shanna's roommate leave, Michael jumped into action and let himself inside of her home, presumably using the same key he'd stolen a few months prior when he watched her sleep. The only problem was, this time Michael had much more nefarious intentions. As he burst into Shanna's home, he made a quick work of the situation.   This was a rapid escalation, unlike anything that could have been predicted. But that wasn't all. Before he left, he deactivated the fire alarm in the home, then set Shanna's bedroom on fire while she was still inside. He then locked the door and just walked away. Ashley had last seen Shanna a few hours before. He'd kissed her goodbye and left for work as he always did, not knowing that this would take place just hours later. He said he didn't realize anything was wrong until he got a message from one of Shanna's coworkers later on, claiming Shanna would never shoot up for work. He wasn't able to stop by her apartment on his own, so Ashley called his younger sister and asked her to stop by and check on Shanna. No sooner than she arrived, she called him back, sobbing and panicking because she noticed a red stained footprint near the door and no one was answering the door to let her inside. At this point, Ashley began panicking as well. He called his father immediately and asked him to stop by and see what was going on. He arrived a few minutes later and made his way into the apartment. The moment he stepped inside, it was clear what had taken place. He found Shanna in her bedroom in a state which he's never put into words. Investigators would later reveal that Shanna had in fact lost her life in her bedroom that day. We don't know if Michael took her life himself or if the flames and smoke did it after he left, but needless to say, the situation was incredibly grim.  But Ashley's father says that he's simply thankful that it wasn't Ashley who had to find her that way. Needless to say, there was one primary suspect in this case, Michael. Police closed in on him immediately and when questioned, Michael obviously denied any involvement. He admitted to being over at Shanna's home that evening but insisted he hadn't been involved in the crime. Even though investigators have been pretty well useless up until now, they made a quick work of the investigation and immediately charged Michael for claiming Shanna's life. But there's one big issue here for many people. Why had it taken such a tragedy for police to actually do something about Michael? The thing is, Shanna had obviously reported Michael to the police on five separate occasions. If they'd even spent as much as two minutes searching his record, they could have easily seen that he was a terrible, awful person with a colorful history that perfectly documented what he was capable of. Yet they did nothing to protect Shanna. How is it that after all this time in all these reports, no one ever even bothered to once open up his criminal record? After Shanna lost her life, a police watchdog group intervened and investigated the way the Sussex police handled the case. A total of 13 officers were investigated and three were held accountable and faced disciplinary actions. One officer defended himself claiming that Shanna admitted to having an affair with Michael while she was in a relationship with Ashley. But how is this a defense? What does that even prove? Affair or not, the girl was clearly being stalked. She'd reported Michael's violence towards her as clearly as she possibly could and Michael had an obvious history of violence towards other women as well. I was able to confirm that the three aforementioned officers did in fact get punished, but I haven't found any reports that claim any of them faced any jail time or really any sort of repercussions for their actions outside of a gentle slap on the wrist. In the words of Shanna's family, the whole situation was a joke and the hearing was a sham. In the end, I'm grateful that Michael was finally caught and put behind bars. He'll be facing a sentence of 25 years for what he's done, but in no world should it have taken such disastrous consequences for police to have acted on this man. This whole case is just sickening and the loss of Shanna's life was, well, pointless. Police had more than enough information to arrest this man and actually charge him with something, but they chose not to. Shanna begged and begged for help five times or more, but police turned a blind eye to this heinous serial criminal. I just hope that at the very least, these three officers lost a great deal of sleep over the next few weeks, months and hopefully years because the loss of Shanna's life rests solely on their shoulders. If you're interested in Case I Covered and don't forget to subscribe, it's totally free and keeps you up to date with all of my future videos. You can also click that Join button below to support the channel and see new videos long before everyone else does. But my name is Ty Nottz and I'll catch you guys in the next one.


What's up everybody we're here live at the we play studio in Los Angeles and tonight It's all about the firsts first round of the draft first-class talent and the first ever Fully produced pro football draft show right here on Twitch Our pick is in and tonight we pick you welcome To S fans draft night extravaganza and it all starts right now If you had to say one prospect that is your simply safe draft pick a guy that you think cannot bust Who is he? I have got to go with a will Anderson. Yeah, I think I think will Anderson is that guy who? The production is there the measurables are there He has played at the highest level of college football and sec at Alabama. He even played in Nick Saban's defense as a freshman I think I think who would you compare him to the NFL like what NFL player would you compare him to? I was actually looking at like So whenever I was going through my notes and doing a little bit of research, of course I like to go and see what other people see right? I like to go and look at some other people's comparison And I saw some people saying the Marcus where and some of these other guys who are bigger guys But who I saw whenever I watch will Anderson. I think he's like von Miller I mean there could legitimately be a Bunch of trades happening and it all really depends on what the Texans decide to do I think the Cardinals are gonna trade their pick as well. There's no way they stay there. It's just wild So so let's talk about that scenario. Let's say let's say the Texans take will Anderson. Yeah Now the Colts are at four We know they need a quarterback And to your point the Cardinals do not need a quarterback The team's gonna try to jump the Colts to steal a quarterback which CJ Stroud probably right probably I mean for all we know I'm type there are two story lines though. I want to touch before we get into the draft Okay, something big just happened did Lamar Jackson big truss now the highest paid player History yeah five more years in Baltimore. How do we feel did it with no agent to no agent the year? Let's go man Rogers going to the Jets think they're contender now.  Yeah, he is one big hit and he's he's on a walker. You know what I mean That's an old man. Yeah, I mean still sling but those bones are brittle Yeah, I think the thing is with Aaron Rodgers going to this I completely agree by the way I do think that they're all their contenders now I do believe that their contenders now as well. They have an Unbelievably talented and more almost more importantly than talented. They've had they have a talented and a young roster Yeah, so when you put those two things together These guys have room to grow and they're already good. I mean, I think the Jets are The Jets are gonna be scary. Sure. Who do you guys think is gonna be the first pick? I think we all agree Yeah, I think that everybody is in consensus Bryce young is the first pick off the board It would be shocking in a baffling way if Carolina traded up and took someone that wasn't the consensus Number one overall pick number one overall QB. I think with Bryce and Carolina I think when you trade up and you sacrifice that much draft capital and you sacrifice a player of that caliber To move up that many spots I think you want a sure thing you want to be locked in and I think the other Quarterbacks that I like in this draft have too many question marks What what Bryce has question marks about his size But I don't think that will affect his performance as much as it will affect his ability to stay on the field One more storyline rumors coming in There's a bunch of buzz now coming in about the Cardinals potentially trading off three To move spots with the Tennessee Titans in a trade that would involve de-hop.  I'm like, dude What what isn't happening here with Arizona? What's your boldest most outlandish prediction for the draft? E-Rob will start with you. He's on Robinson falls to the Cowboys at 26, and I take him. Whoa I like that and then you're pissed cuz you don't want to first round me back I would not be mad about that. Okay, but they take it tight in I'm pissed Six flags over Texas would be ripping it would be excitement in Dallas You know what I would love to see happen. What's that? We're gonna we're gonna keep it in Texas. I think Houston D'Amico Ryan's comes in you got you got the the Hometown head coach D'Amico Ryan's former linebacker for many years Big storylines this year. They take their 12th pick. What if they find a way to move up and Grab CJ start stroud at three They because they have the second pick and the 12th pick. What if So you they do something crazy Sell the farm take 12 move to three and they get their quarterback and in my opinion the top defender in the Keep the second pick and keep the second and they take the 12th and we'll move up to three that is wild That would be insane. Here's my bold prediction Five quarterbacks go in the first round Okay, the fifth goes at pick 16 The Washington commanders Henden Hooker ends up in Washington. This is my bold wild prediction It probably won't happen, but I could see it happening. I hope it does It's going to be electric if that happens. I mean that that's going to be something else, man Right now all eyes are on the Texans. What are they going to do with that second pick? The Texans are the puppet masters here, man Texans are the puppet masters for this draft. I I mean I like I said, I think it'll be will Anderson if they go quarterback I mean, I feel like if they go quarterback it like accelerates The entire like cascading of what quarterbacks are taken Oh, Roger Goodell is taking the podium and our monitor is muted, but I can still hear the boo Oh man, that's that's kind of the most depressing tradition. Yeah, boo this man.  That's how he feels man, dude every year, dude.  After you've had all off season Yeah, like what you needed eight more minutes to pick come on carolina.  The office was milking it. There are a lot of high fives a lot of celebration They were spamming the three-minute ad button is what they were doing. They were just unbelievable I don't think bryce young is a guy who relies on his legs Like I said, but I do think he's a guy who can use his legs to get out of the pocket Make plays down the field. He is just a playmaker and I think he's going to be a fantastic player for carolina so Now the draft really starts I'm proud of you man. Look at that span go Yeah, he's better at draft coverage than his kale top. Yeah, I'm a little bit better at this than i am a kale But yeah, that's a good thing. So arizona is currently on the board Wait a minute. We'll the beans man. I'm gonna we have a trade. I I don't see who it is yet I'm sorry. I'm on wi-fi I'm sorry. I'm a trade I think we have a trade who traded to trade it to detections I literally said back back pick No, he's in gentlemen place for impact Dude, it's got to be will anderson has to be wow They got both of us. Houston was safe on the move trade alert Huge, I can't believe I I can't believe I called it. Yeah, I cannot believe I called it That was saying I said that I said there was no chance it was gonna happen, but it would be amazing And there it is There it is. Will Anderson is in the Texans Get your guide Stroud and arguably the best defender in the draft with the second dude and back to back third pick in the draft That is absolute insanity, man. Frick. I need longer arms, dude I'm feel you know what I feel you know what I feel like peter skrotsky. I feel like peter skrotsky Peter skrotsky great prospect short arms. I could I could use a little I could use a few more inches Which every time I've said that I'll be honest Can you tell we've been prepping for the draft you said short arms and I was like skrotsky immediately So the 12th and then they're oh my gosh, it took anthony richardson. It's anthony richardson to the coast I told you, baby. Oh my god. I told you Dude, okay. So exactly what we thought was gonna happen. Oh my goodness. CJ stroud it accelerated everything, dude, florida stand up Wow anthony richardson is here from florida quarterback from florida ran a 443. I believe it was in the combine Unbelievable athlete unbelievable athlete. He's got size. He's got strength. I mean the guy the guy looks almost like a He looks like an outside mindbacker Now detroit's on the they have to take jail encounter here pairing him with aiden hudginson This would be so hudginson actually interesting factoid the most double teamed defensive player Last year Which just goes to show you Not many weapons on that lions defensive front You have arguably the best player in the draft in jaylon carter fallen your lap Hold up. Hold up. Hold up. Hold up. Arizona is trading back with with the lions Trading to six is that confirmed? Is that a rumor? Is that confirmed? Okay, the lions receive picks 12 and 34. So they took the houston pick and they gave it to the lions Wow Wow, Arizona's head office right now. We have a picture of them. They are celebrating like, you know Like they are they're at their bar mitzvah. They're going crazy. They're at lachayam. Yes They're having a great time, man. The pick is paris johnson junior Oh my god Tackle out of ohio state unbelievable Unbelievable ohio state offensive tackle paris johnson. This is a mammoth of a man. This is a big man good feet uh Big heavy hands, dude. This guy's got a powerful punch and He's exactly the type of guy you need to come in and protect kyle marie. Yes Arizona has their quarterback. They have their guy. They've had him for a long time They want to bring in paris johnson and make sure they they protect their investment in him Yes, and build around him little recap Eagles get arguably the best player in the draft fly eagles fly jail and carter out of georgia heads to the eagles The bears leapfrog two other offensive tackles to take darnell right out of tennessee They need help on that o-line. They get it. They think they have their guy and tennessee has locked its pick Instantly so the best guy on tennessee's board made it to them And they knew exactly who they wanted to pick. It's a no deliberation and we're about to see who that is peter scurronski Yeah, I mean this guy is is an Unbelievable offensive lineman before this pick goes in. I want to talk about something. Okay.  Okay. What a master stroke trading down Two picks to flip spots the stealers so that they could trade to a team That took the player that they knew the jets we're going to take I love it actually.  Yeah, we're going to we're going to ruin this whole thing for them We're going to draft ahead of them. I love that. That's pvp. That's badass So they're really using every time every telling you they are frantically seeking a draft part or a trade partner right now They might be they they they very they're very very legitimately. Maybe just looking for a draft partner right now Uh, every trade partner excuse me a trade partner right now If I had to guess they probably have their guy they have their picks our backup But maybe we're trying to trade first moment of truth will We got our pick. Oh mcdonald. It is will mcdonald Huh, they could have got him so much later Will mcdonald Hey, that's a reach That's a man. That is a new.  That is a jets pick That is a new york jets pick. That is a classic the jets have gone to their old ways Why a good player will mcdonald is a good player now? I think they would collide him early if you're gonna go No, I know they got it. They I think it's a reach the best corner is still there. It's a reach I agree. It is a reach. I don't think he's a bad player But I do think that the jets reached for him I think we saw a little bit of uh, you know in madden where it's like Boo it reached in the chat omega lulz. I think we saw a little bit of that. Let me say this They've seen for me. Let me say this. I have looked At probably thousands of jet smock drafts I have not seen will mcdonald to the jets in a single One of them. I would have the bucks taken alignment. Um, anton harris at uh, Oklahoma is still there. I think Uh, yeah, anton harris anton harris at oklahoma tackle from oklahoma. I think they go with him then They need oh, they need o-line so bad I mean, do they need o-line that bad? Yes, the o-line is horrible. They got some pretty good line Oh, they were so worse. Yeah, that's it. They're no, they're all I was so bad last year Do you feel bad for baker may feel at all? Yeah Because it's kind of like he just keeps getting kind of like pastor. I mean he was the first overall pick Yeah, so I mean he did put but he kind of gets just like Elijah can't see tackle In defensive line to Tampa Bay. Yeah, this kid rolls out of pit He's big time That's a good pit But here's the thing with collage.  He's not super wide. So I wouldn't put him at nose tackle, right?  I think he ran a four six At the combine, which is which is incredible. By the way for an interior lineman. Yeah Absolutely phenomenal. Absolutely phenomenal. This guy flew up a lot of draft boards because of this comparison that they're showing Yeah on the on the draft network right now To Aaron darnold, you know what came out of the same school. I've went through almost the same build They play very similar now one is arguably the greatest defender in the nfl and one is a prospect But for a lot of people this Kids draft stock got elevated quite a bit if he turns out good They're the Tampa Bay's defensive tackles are insane. They got vita vaya. It's like 350 pounds like huge guy Yeah, there's been no receivers taken which is crazy. Who's going to be like the first coach to be like Let's take a receiver. Well, I think we have somebody on the floor Over in Kansas City We are going to pipe in live here in about 30 seconds to our on the floor commentator I know a few people in chat have seen this guy before he's been all over twitch His record of success precedes him coach estvand One of the greatest coaches in the game. He just athletes love this guy. He's a players coach And so it's a real terrible season last year too. My god. I have a terrible he had a he had a down season He had a down season So, you know, it's sad to see that he's probably on the hot seat moving into this next season This guy is just terrible at his job. All right. Yeah. No, he is see why he is Oh, man, he is he is now talking to will levis apparently will levis is crying on his shoulder a bit So we're we're holding. It's a very emotional moment over at the draft apparently, uh, coach. Are you there? Yeah, hear me out there.   Listen. Hey Son Your time will come. All right. Your time will come. All right. We're here at the dam What is this? What did I say back there coach s fans draft night extravaganza? Okay.     You know what I always used to say I was used to say this. Yeah, I would always tell my players this I would always know how good A football team was when they got off that bus Whatever players whatever teams got the biggest butts Those are your best players right there. Why you got power? Okay, you got power son, and that's what's so impressive to me about this guy Explosiveness power coming right at that three technique position in the fourth three defense Let me tell you that's what I like to see Coach is that your best button the draft?    He went out for about nine years You know, I don't know if he could have done a better job scooping dog.  Let me tell you what he really he really showed something He really showed that he's got some juice to him and that's what I like to see I like to see that you know when everything looked like it was going downhill He found a way to pick up the pieces and make a name for himself.  He's upset. He all I thought you know, it's b-roll Say I was gonna be the first to the overall pig. Listen Will your time will come son. No, check out one more question for you. I'm busy. So I good I'm glad you keep it one more question from one will to another How do you feel about the Jets pick of will mcdonald at a position that they were already absolutely stacked at? A phenomenal. Yeah, I love that pick. I love that pick man. I do Wow, I mean that is that that is a new york football jets pick. That's what that is. I mean, that's that's just That was a phenomenal pick. I loved it. You know being the Being the great Storyed coach that I am. I mean I've coached many a super bowl team and uh, I you know again I had a lot of good players on those teams. I did but uh of all those good players that I had Nobody was better at their job than I was the head coach. I mean, that's really how it all comes into play So I coached a lot of really good teams Thanks to me and we won a lot of super bowls And I think will mcdonald is a is a fantastic pick for the jets. Absolutely coach. I want to thank you for your time We're going to go live back to our studio to see who the seahawks are selecting at number 20 What do you like to do here real quick before they go Uh, I mean They could take that uh, nullan smith. I think his name is out of uh, george of the um, jackson smith Bro, they have three good receivers. Wow Jackson smith In jigba They got dk title locket and jackson's. Oh my god. Seattle seahawks Have the best player or best wide receiver In the draft and jackson smith and jigba. What a receiving core they have in seahowl now Geno smith is pumping his fists in the air somewhere right now. He is juiced Uh, I know how I feel about it, but I'd love to see how our co-host who for some reason hasn't been on camera for a little bit Feels about it as man. How do you feel about this pick? Hey Yes, I'm in this pick I'm characteristically quiet there for a little bit. Oh, no. Why are you out of breath? No, I'm I I was holding my breath because yeah, because I did not know Which direction the seahawks were gonna go in? I mean this was uh, I mean they were they had me on the edge of my seat I was so I there's so much emotion and And and all that that's why uh, yeah, I was holding my breath seeing who they take jackson smith and jigba This is a big uh, I mean will is in love with this guy. I think he's so good. Well will is he's In love with this guy. He's uncoverable. This guy is a traditional slot receiver unbelievable route runner Catches everything Not super fast straight line, but he kind of doesn't need to be because a lot of the separation for these receivers Comes from those brakes, right? Like you don't just line up and just you're not running sprints aside from each other Yeah, it's the ability to run routes sink your hips boom turn get open I cannot believe He fell that far and he fell to the seahawks You know what's interesting is the second round is going to be very spicy Because a lot of talent is going to be on there that we thought was probably going to go earlier at this point zay Some people at him in the first round. I I didn't know if he scratched the first round I'm surprised you went before uh, jordan adison out of usc. I think is his name Uh, but I mean this guy is fast great hands phenomenal athlete very small though The bill's just traded with uh jackson bill. Sorry They're going for the cowboys. So maybe they think the cowboys are taking somebody that they like well tight end And that's what I'm making tight end. They do have dulcet knocks. I believe but Don't know the cage still on the board is still on the board Some people had him going at 13 and he is still here at 25 Yes We got a pick coming in. I called this one the number one tight end on most people's board dalton kincade Just went yeah the buffalo bill athlete my goodness That offense is going to be churning in bernum. So well ladies and gentlemen Now we are at the most exciting part of the night where we watch two dallas fans wait eagerly to see whether Their expectations will soar or whether their hopes will be dashed on the rocks like mine were On the jets picked at fifth. Roland smith is still on the board and so is joey porto jr. Speaking of dalis E-rob, you know, you know blakes a former giant. I know and a packer and a packer even worse Yeah Going dalis dalis going kicker guys Oh, no If they go kicker i'm the show i'm i'm tony right now If the dalis cam was draft a kicker, we're ending the show. Oh, here we go. Here's dalis's pick Oh, mazzie smith out of macy. That's a good one D line. Let's go This is the guy that I said might go your way Yeah, this the guy from michigan to me not mazzie star mazzie smith. This is a big boy. I actually like him He's got some good weapons. This is a real big boy. Six three a 320 pounds These are the kind of guys That keep guys like blake safe and let guys like blake go make tackles Honestly going from even from pee we from pee we the middle school the high school to college the nfl the emphasis On the the front seven the emphasis on the trenches Becomes a more and more valuable when you're younger Hey, just have that kid that's really fast. Just go out run everybody. Yeah, but when you're in the nfl When you're playing at the highest level and everybody is good Yep You got to focus on the things that are going to open up opportunities the strategy all that And that's what the defensive line the offensive line I think mazzie smith is going to be a fantastic pick big strong guy Remind me a little bit more of a dj reader, but I thought he was a little bit more athletic than dj reader Yeah, uh, but he he has that that frame and that body type of a big nose tackle And I think he can make some place too And I think he's going to be great in that d-line room with uh with tank lorence with uh with uh Oh, oh digizawa Yeah, who's uh, who's micah as well on d-line that front seven is going to be line, bro That's a good day. I like that finally a detackle me. They got they got a They have not taken a detackle in the first round like 15 years And I think it's going to be a great pick for them. You got two picks left. It is hot in here I am exhausted, but I'm still Titalated by the prospect of who's going with these last two picks. Yeah Eagles have locked in their second of two picks in the first round. Who are we looking at here? I think they go best player available here. I I think I think that's uh, that's a solid way to look I think it's always Or is why I bet they go that's a grand know what Joey there It's a great joey porter junior would be a nice pick. I mean he's got the pedigree You know his dad joey porter Uh, one of the uh, great linebackers one of the great linebackers for uh, several teams They know what smith the detackler like a d he said dn d the dn But or yeah, I mean honestly, he could even play outside linebacker probably but I don't I don't think I think it's no, I don't think they'll go no one smith I think it's either no one smith uh, joey porter or brian branch It was no one so no shot there it is Wow The eagle man double up double up on the front seven. Wow Pass rusher. I mean, I think I think no one smith is a good player Well, why would they get to they already had such a good line? Why don't really I feel like they should have gone secondary They should have I feel like they should I mean maybe maybe they graded no one smith higher Maybe they graded no one smith higher and they're going with their gut a best player available I mean, I I will say no one smith at 30 does seem like a steep. Yeah That's kind of a yeah, that's kind of nice getting getting no one smith so late in the draft They had the line is their offense is pretty scary. The eagle.  Yeah. Well, they had what I usually call baltimore draft We're like the best defensive player just somehow slides like every year The eagles had two of the most dominant players on the board Slide to them. I'm really happy with how the eagles did. I'm really happy as a football fan I'm not happy with how the eagles did as a cowboys fan, but they like actually like they kind of killed it today They already had a solid team.  I I I love that. I completely agree I think they did it. I think I think those three teams all did phenomenal today. Yeah, um I think I think I think that's just absolutely fantastic Before our journey ends Let's go ahead and pull up our mock drafts and we can see me well nevin e-rob Who had the most accurate mock draft can we look at our host leader board really think I got two. All right, let's see Uh Oh my gosh, we all got 12. We all got 12.9 3 way tie That's what the draft is all about man.  It's exciting to see first 10 picks were insane I had so much fun you guys I think we've done it all I think we've said it all and we'll see you next year. Hopefully. Yeah, that was fun Thanks for the fight. All right, dude. I'm telling you thank you guys so much for coming on Hey, thank you guys so much for joining us for s fans a draft night extravaganza. Thank you so much We will see you guys next year. Maybe let's do it. We'll see you guys. Bye everybody


Mr. President, Mrs. Reagan, we are gathered here to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Folger Shakespeare Library. As you know, this great library was given by Henry Clay Folger as a gift to the nation. We put it up on Capitol Hill so it would be available to all the people. Because of your lifelong interest in and support of the arts, we've come here tonight to induct you into the Order of the Folger and to present you with the Key to the Library. I am sure you will cherish it as it is a key to some of the greatest treasures on earth. It's not going to help the budget a bit. It's not gold, nor silver, nor jewels, but books, great books, that have nourished the minds of men from many centuries. At the Folger Shakespeare Library are the works of some of the earliest and greatest writers, and of course, the finest collection of Shakespeare in the world. We take our commitment to preserve the treasures for future generations very seriously indeed. Your guests this afternoon are true friends of the library and have given generously to support it. Now, if our director, Dr. Hardison, will bring forward the scroll and read it forth, I will, as chairman of the Folger trustees, present you with our medal, if I can find it, to our deal, and the key. Dr. Hardison, no, never play some medal. I'll read the scroll now. To all here present, be it known that the right honorable Ronald Wilson Reagan has been duly inscribed as a member of the Order of the Folger Shakespeare Memorial Library in recognition of his meritorious contributions to the arts and culture of America. Mr. President, since pens are often exchanged in events like this, I also present you the pen used to sign this document, which is a Folger Shakespeare library pen with an inscription from King Lear, which expresses the objectives of many of our nation's successful cultural institutions. It says, keep thy pen from lender's books. Well, thank you, Jane, Dr. Hardison, and friends of the Folger. I don't know, you brought back a little nostalgia. I could date myself completely and tell you that once in college I played in taming of the shrew done in modern costume, and my wardrobe was plus four knickers. I also, however, think that if anyone had been reviewing plays at that time and that college that I might have gotten something like the line that was once given about an actor who played King Lear and said he played it as if someone else had played the ace. But it's a real pleasure for Nancy and me to take part with you in this celebration of Folger Library's 50th or golden anniversary. I value my membership in the Order of the Folger as a great honor. In the Merchant of Venice, Shakespeare wrote of a small candle and of how far it throws its beams. And as we look about us in this troubled world with its tensions and complexities, a collection of literature and art, however rare and great may seem a very small candle indeed. But access to the masterpieces of our language opens a door to the great minds that gave them birth. This light that you sustain throws its beams across our land, adding to the perspective, understanding and character of our people. All Americans can be proud that the finest collection of Shakespeare's work is on this side of the Atlantic. It belongs to mankind, but is possessed and cared for by us through the Folger Library. Henry and Emily Folger's gift for 50 years ago is today a priceless treasure which must be preserved and enlarged as the inheritance of Americans in generations to come. You've worked hard and contributed much so that the Folger may maintain its high standards despite growing financial pressures. And for that, the country thanks you. But just as important has been your dedication to sharing the Folger treasures with all of our people. The constantly changing exhibits of the library and the excellence of Folger Theater Productions serve not only Washingtonians, but the thousands of our countrymen who visit here every year. Your decision to take exhibits on tour around the country, however, represents perhaps your finest undertaking. As your collection moves from one of our cities to the next, millions more will be able to share at first hand this wealth that is their heritage. It's been said that a true classic enriches the human mind, augments its treasures and pushes mankind forward another step. Think of the riches bound in the volume upon volume of classics in your charge. Someone once pointed out to me that all the complexities and the troubles of the world, and yet there at hand simply by opening the covers of books, we could find from the past the answers to every one of the problems that be set us if we would only turn to them and heed those words. Imagine the fortune and ideas those books hold and the progress that we can measure by understanding them. The energy in your one little candle has the power to light the world. I'm grateful for the honors that you have given me this afternoon and wish you continued success in bringing another 50 years of insight and enlightenment to our people. Jane, even if it isn't pure gold, if it was, Dave Stockman would have gotten it by now. This ensures that I can keep it. And I thank you all very much. Thank you.


Welcome to day 55 of the Mindfulness Challenge. Today is a day full of energy. Yesterday you were seeing that you know I was showing you my crutches and my leg and my knee and all that sort of stuff, but you know it's interesting isn't it? Some people say you know I hope and I get it healing and help and all the rest of it, but it's an ability to be able to motivate myself when I can become unmotivated is key to stay motivated, key to making progress, key to developing, key to you know all of the things that we want to do in our lives and sometimes when we become unmotivated we need to we need to think about what's underpinning some of that lack of emotion and again get it to a point where you can just look at it and be aware of it and just let it go and just moving away from some of those negative thoughts that conjure up some of this lack of motivation and also we tend to you know we tend to really procrastinate too much and what I mean by that is is you know we we tend to think too much and really put too much into it when when several things we can just be do and just go with it and I think you know that's really really important for us going forward is understanding how we can motivate ourselves when we're not motivated and today you know when I woke up and I thought oh you know what am I going to do today then I forget I got a dodgy knee in and I get out of bed it's like my knee is hurting and all of I said but I got lots to do you know I spend most of my day talking writing doing my reviews doing emails talking to people on Facebook putting together content because I know at the moment it's really important that I do it so I have to motivate myself because of the the responsibility that I feel within myself to be able to do the things that we're currently doing and and when you see the responses of people who leave their comments and emails and and Facebook etc you know it makes it all worthwhile so so I have to push through some of that lack of motivation or frustrations and and you know the only thing that's really keeping me down at the moment is is the pain but you know we just have to keep going and I think that's that's important so today we're going to work on a as quite a shortest shortest shortest meditation and it's going to be about motivation motivating yourself when sometimes you lack motivation so day 55 if you want to get yourself comfortable we're going to go into a meditation bring up a picture and close your eyes now what I want you to do now is just to again as we always do it's about getting into this posture of allowing our bodies to understand now that we're going to go into some form of meditation okay and I want you to just you know just sit here and allow your spine to lift and your shoulders to soften just breathing in and breathing out and today we're going to practice remembering motivation so taking a full dead beat their full breath in and a long slow breath out and allow the mind to rest on that breath just breathing in and breathing out I want you to call to your mind bring to your awareness something where you might be feeling a lack of motivation call to mind something that you might be feeling a lack of motivation perhaps it's to do with um a task at work or if you're working from home a task you're doing at home or or a project that you've been putting off just bring that to mind maybe it's repairing a relationship issue with a friend or a family member and as you envision this issue listen to these questions lightly and just see what comes up in the awareness there's no need to figure anything out if nothing comes to mind just continue to focus on the breath and notice what thoughts arise and just let them pass through your mind as if they're carried on a gentle breeze ask yourself when it comes to the issue what is my greatest aspiration bringing that thought to mind the task you've been putting off the repairing of a relationship envision that issue and ask yourself when it comes to this issue what is my greatest aspiration and just hold it there don't get too attached to it and see what arises and ask yourself what about this issue is most important to me what about this issue is most important to me what is getting in my way of addressing this issue what is getting in the way of me addressing this issue and how do you want to show up in relation to this issue how do you want to be in relation to this issue and how what relationship in this issue and just notice when you feel and how you feel when you consider these questions are there specific sensations in your body and again there's nothing to figure out here just notice what comes up for you as you ask these questions and if this issue was in progress or completed what would that mean to you and if this issue was in progress or was completed what would that feel like and see if you can really feel that feeling allowing yourself to fully absorb it and as you experience these feelings of accomplishment consider how you can access this place again the next time you face this issue how can you use these feelings as a source of focus can these feelings serve as a motivation for you to engage and finally ask yourself what is my intention going forward and you take a deep breath in I just want you to understand any feelings you have in your body that arise when you think about your lack of motivation what demotivates you and just see the things arising and conversely just bring to mind what motivates you what makes you feel motivated what gives you that purpose and just treat both sensations both feelings exactly the same and you take a deep breath in I just want you to say to yourself today I'm going to get motivated today I'm going to make the changes that I've been putting off for a while today I'm going to repair the relationships that have been broken today I'm going to take the first step on another step within my journey today is my day where I become motivated to make the decisions and take the actions that I need I know I need to do to take my life forward I understand on days the lack of motivation but today I move forward with my eyes wide open with my heart wide open and with my motivation being at its highest take another deep breath in and say to yourself I am going to be motivated to achieve one thing today bring it to mind what are you going to motivate yourself to achieve today take another deep breath hold that thought and deliver it and slowly open your eyes wiggle your fingers and come back into the room motivations are funny thing isn't it because we think about how we become demotivated but we very rarely think about what motivates us and we need to become motivated and especially in times like this you know it's easy to become demotivated it's easy to get into that ret it's easy to stop doing the things that we know we should be doing to allow ourselves to progress and move forward both spiritually physically body mind and soul so today is all about motivation put your hand on your chest and say good morning julien I love you good morning julien I love you but just stay motivated for me today and just achieve one thing and when you achieve that one thing give yourself a pat on the back see well done and stay motivated day 55 or 6 tomorrow I don't know where I am but have a lovely day wherever you are in the world thank you for watching if you can share like and and just spread the love of this mindfulness challenge and have a lovely day god bless and I'll see you all tomorrow be love and give love take care