That's on Instagram, Facebook, and Twitter. Request your favourite songs. I'm a Y244 channel and the E-Cycuit. In the morning we were asking a question. What's your favourite part of 2019? Let us know. That's on Y244 channel and the E-Cycuit to confirm it. Mika underscore Kenya, of course. And Yiv Nya Gat, Yiv underscore Nya Gat 1. Our first guest is no stranger to the E-Cycuit. See? He's our big brother. Yibza. Mr. Pasekita Mwenye. Humboldo. Aliwa. Ya. Jamu. Poza. Karebusana. Yifraisana manzei kwa skukada before the end of the year. Nikwa pa E-Cycuit. Natu me shukuru. Ume kudzana ani songi ni tori rejoice but before we get to that, let's talk about what you've been up to. The last time you were here, uli kudzana the art checks, art ensemble. My theatre group. And you're the director there? Yes, yes, yes. So what have you guys been up to? Of course, the normal thing of naturally young people that has been my heart for many years. And maybe to the end of this year, the biggest bit of it was being awarded for the work I've been doing for the last 20 years now. Of course, with my group 15 years, nurturing young people. And so we are there, we're still strong right now. Reassos are going on. And more than that, of course again, I have to turn back to my other side. That is a musical bit of me at the moment. Of course, you have to give us those jams. And every Christmas I'm always happy because I know there's something to expect I hope next year, 2020, I'll be doing more. I'll be coming back more. I have a full album that I've ready. I'll be launching, but more maybe on YouTube and those kind of things. But I also want to do a lot of marketing because we've also been talking about music and maybe theatre. And you guys are talking about that more, we are working on the content, but maybe the marketing bit of it, we're not doing a lot. And so maybe that's one of the things I want to venture into. Come the next new year. And we're looking forward to that. I'll be speaking of awards. There's an award that's right here next to you. Distinguished Juri Award. David Alia. Alia, that is sana awards. Tell us about this award. Of course, this came as a shock on my side. Sikwana pikriekama. We are mostly behind the scene. Some of the guys who have come from my fold, that is since we formed Theatre Start Ensemble, one of them was Jalango in 2004. And then, of course, Sleepy David 2010. We have a Winger. We have a Samikiyoko. And very many other guys here in Churchill show. We have guys in the media, Asan Mugambu is in Citizen and News Anchor. And very many other guys. So mostly when I started, of course, I didn't start with doing, maybe I'm doing mostly set books. I started doing straight plays, what we now call straight play, performance for the public. Then I formed the group with Kina, but then I was with Kina Wilbroder, Otoyo, those kind of guys. So after that, I was also doing music because I learned my first album in 2002. And so with time when guys were mostly moving to Israeli film and TV, it was now a time for me to find out myself, find my path and know what I want to do. And mine was now more on nurturing people. So behind the scene more, you see guys go out there, they do a lot of things, although we still family, because these guys shall come back again to give back and also encourage the guys who are there. So on 16th of December, this month we had the Sana Ward after just Kalasha, which also my program that is Avigia Makaman. We had a nomination on Kalasha, but we didn't manage. I hope maybe in future we'll get something there. So I was in the hall at the Federal National Theater, like all the other people. And after the awards, everybody, the actors, the CS culture was there. Mina Muhammad, she was told to wait a bit in front of the last award. And so to us it was just a normal, a lot of those normal things you attend and those kind of things because I didn't have a nomination. You weren't expecting it at all? I wasn't expecting anything. And then from there now, distinguished jury award goes to Aliyo. I didn't even, I wasn't even able to talk. It was a shock on me, but again, nashkurumungu sana that guys would identify of what I've been doing at the end of the day. Getting that acknowledgement of what you're doing. Because right now we're almost 800 and something young guys who are outside there and they're doing well. The best, what I thank God for is that most of the guys have come from my fold somewhere. The gospel we preach of the understand how guys can be able to it's working at the end of the day. Let me ask, what does it take to be Aliyo? I'm just like any other person who loves life and learns from life. I learn from people on a daily basis. I'm humble, I believe. I believe that it's me and more than anything God. God is my work. God is my everything. I pray a lot. I believe in God. I believe that there's nothing that is impossible and always celebrate people. I celebrate very many guys. Like today, I'm so happy to meet Kapaido. One of the things about these guys that I've watched him for a very long time. But when I see young people who are also pushing. They're pushing their brand, they're pushing what. They don't really worry about what they're saying. So I usually say everybody has a space. That's a space called Aliywa. I work on my space and that's even how I was worried because of the way I was using my space. So Aliywa is about life. Aliywa is about this guy that believes in life, believing in people and believe that there's nothing that is impossible if you put God first. Faith has always been like a pillar to you.  As an actor, as a director with the theatrics? To me, of course, everything we have to pray. But one thing I always talk about is you must be very professional. Talking about like now I was saying that guys are talking about right now you have to brand yourself. I believe in branding. If you look at all my artists you must brand yourself. Guys will buy you. Sometime you might be the best musician might be the best actor but without the branding.  One the beat about the branding on my side is putting God first. I'm born again Christian and so I pray like on 25th I had, it was my prayer. I wasn't celebrating aside but I was praying. I was making God for the year that has been and also setting things for the year to come. So to me everything it's God. Everything is God. Theatrics is all about God. The young people that God gives me every other time that maybe I do audition I believe strongly I have to tell them the truth I have to tell them what they are supposed to how they are supposed to be equipped because right now it's not only about talent as I told you and that's why I believe the guys who are making it right now thinking about talent to me is a job that I've been doing. I've never done any other job. This is my job. This is my office at the end of the day. We like to say on the isakit hashtag talent Nikazi. So we are doing 100% how many 1000% 1000% Now in terms of your music career there's the album that you said is coming soon but until then there's the new song Rejoice. Tell us about it before we play it. Of course as I said my new album is a 17 track album bit longer than the last one. This is my third album called Goja Goja is a song also that I did in the album featuring Buvi and Grace Kirapa So the new song maybe which I was releasing Rejoice more talking about the birth of Christ but not only the birth of Christ but all about that we need Christ in us, we need Christ we need to walk, we need to appreciate the fact that there's another superior power than us that we need to always appear to and always pray to or call on. So the song Rejoice is about it borders from the birth of Christ and what comes out of that this son born this Jesus Christ born was born to give us hope born to make us walk truth help us when we reach facing some hurdles in life and so that is all about Rejoice at the end of the day. It's a bit a slower song but to me the message of God comes more than any other thing at the end of the day. More than trying to get the hype Hype is good at the end of the day but I think also it's good to appreciate kilamitokona the way maybe they relay their message. For a very long time there has been me at the end of the day although sometimes I have other hype songs but this time I think sometimes we want to slow it down for a minute we want guys to reflect sometimes in a bitwo or skia. I like that we are about to play Aliwa's new song Rejoice in just a minute before that I'd like you to give us where we can find you in anticipation for the new album Rejoice Just a final word to the people watching you on the E-Cycute like the actors and the musicians and the leaders of tomorrow who are watching you right now What advice would you give them? I would say keshu jengwaleo keshu jengwaleo keshu jengwaleo keshu jengwaleo keshu jengwaleo keshu jengwaleo w closer kamaja mimi kamaja maimi 10 y lingering 10 y darwa 10 t pilotured 10 y darwa 10 al bol 10 slamu 10 al bol 10 besoki 30 bol It was behind the scene. Well, sometimes they come in front of the camera, those kinds of things. But even if it was behind the scene, nikuwana, you're one day, guys will know about you. And somebody is looking at you, just do your craft well, package yourself well, do it right. And one morning, as the Babu say, weeping may tarry for the night, if you're weeping, but joy comes in the morning. 2020, I wish you a very prosperous year. You can find me Aliywa on all my social media, whatever platform, that is Instagram, Twitter and Facebook. There's a fan page called Aliywa. Aliywa again on Instagram and of course again Aliywa on Twitter. Nice, thank you so much for coming too. Not only on my YouTube channel, Aliywa Music TV. Yeah, they should subscribe, of course. Yeah, subscribe. Now, wudaputangu mazangu pali. Nice, nice. Thank you so much for coming through to this segment. We appreciate you. In the morning, we were asking a question. What's your 2019 highlight? 2019 highlight, of course they are looking. Aside from the album, of course. A lot of things, of course, one God giving me life. Still I'm professing God at the end of the day. But of course, one of the beat, of course, has been pushing my show, Iyo Viji Makamani, celebrating four years. It clearly, the hardest beat of it was after the departure of our former judge, that is Jamal, our IP. So, still seeing our show to the end of this year to me, that was a great one at the end of the day. And of course, up at Kati, the many guys who believed in my work, in my work, and the many actors who were outside there still doing their thing and shining outside their theatrics ensemble. Still being there, we're celebrating 15 years and moving to 16 years. Nice. We wish you nothing but the best. Thank you so much. Meshukuru sana, sana, sana. And like I said earlier, we were asking a question, that's on Y2Four Channel and the ISAC, that's on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. What's your 2019 highlight? Or rather, what's your favourite part of 2019? So, let's find some of the people who are answering us on social media. Someone by the name CIA Godfrey, I think it's part of the CIA or something. As I'm watching live from Nakuru, most remarkable achievement for 2019, the reunion of my family. Wow. That's very inspiring. Iman James, thank you so much for always connecting with us. Good morning. Mombasa Tukondani, as always, requesting Dan C, ya kanisa by Moji. Na iwa fike hapo studio. Alafu.


We've been massaged for this! Mate, we wouldn't even get to the starting point.  Hi guys, welcome back to my channel. Today I have brought my sister Emma to help me bake a vegan green-free sponge cake. It says Victorian cake but we're just going to just call it sponge because our level of cooking is like here and the level that we're trying to aim for is like up here. And mine's all the way here. So we're going to see how it goes. It's all going to do before and after. Try and copycat this recipe and see if it turns out the same. So hopefully fingers crossed it goes well. So to start off with I have just buttered like with nutlets and just put some baking paper on the bottom of our tray because they are a little bit dirty. I'm not going to lie they're old. So we just thought we'd do that. I was supposed to tell people that! That's why we do it to hide it! So first we're going to preheat the oven. So we're going to start off by measuring two cups of green-free flour. That's so... How are you going to measure that out? Oh gosh I just built it everywhere. Ahhhh! I'll chew. That's good. Oh perfect, perfect amount. Alright, the flour is done. Next we need one teaspoon of xanthium gum. Right, yep. Do you want to put some music on? No.  So we need two thirds of a cup of granulated sugar. Which is that one, plus the sugar. Do you want to put two thirds of a cup in here? There's a good green here. Sugar is a good thing. It does not have any glutinous. There's also a hell of a lot of sugar in here. Two thirds, two of those, yeah. Holy catarines! Black catarines but crackin'. Pinch of salt. You want to do the pinch or do the pinch? Not a bit! When I say pinch it's just like... Oh, my actual pinch. Two teaspoons of baking powder. Two! Now you put water in the chai ingredients. Two teaspoons of baking soda. I'm going to be the sister. Yes. I'll call something of you. And then the zest of one lemon. Which is actually a nice cup of soda. Oh, that's when you scratch it off. Yeah, you want to do that? Yeah. You know how I do that? Master chef. Master chef has helped me so much. Oh, it's too regret. I regret taking on that job. They make it look so easy on Master Chef. They're just like... Because they have strong hands for all the resting. She's left like half of the lemon zest, if you can see. Half of the lemon zest. Half of the lemon zest is still on the spatula. Look at that. Half of it still remains.  But how do professionals do it? They don't leave half of the lemon zest. Yeah, they do. Let's see. Whoa, whoa. Sorry. Yes, girl. See what happens when we cook with this. She takes over all the duties. This is going to take a course to be vaccine. So what we have to do next is just make, like, sift it through. So sift the dry ingredients into the bowl. So you can sort of evenly distribute it throughout the mixture. Voila, that's done. So the sieving's done now. So now I'm going to move on to the wet ingredients and start stirring that through. And then I think you can bind them after that. You sifted. Yeah, you left. I have to do the sieving job for you. I'm going to bind. M's back now, so now we're going to move on with the cream. And she sifted. Mix all the wet ingredients together and then add them to the dry ingredients. Coconut cream. Coconut cream. I think we need vegetable oil. Don't say to use vegetable oil, but we decide to use coconut oil because that's my favorite one to use. I love coconut oil. It's a fave of mine. And I thought it would go well with the coconut cream. Compliment it well. So I think we need to melt the coconut oil because otherwise it's going to be hard in the ingredients and that won't be very nice. Yeah, in the same time we do so much here. You can do the wet ingredients. You can trim it in same way. You're a good company. The company is that with what? He's not a company. I'm here to learn how to cook better. I'm the wrong person to teach you how to master chef skills. So one and a third cups of almond milk is going to go in the bowl. Where's the kipch? And then we need two teaspoons of lemon juice. So we need to squeeze the lemon afterwards as well. I actually hope this turns out so good because I'm going to be eating so much. I want it to be super fluffy. Hopefully it's crusty guys. Otherwise it's going to be like a deflated sponge cake. That's why I'm kind of thinking like a burnt, flat, not nice cake. You have really high hopes for us. I think sponge cake was going to be too over. Too advanced. Too advanced. We should have tried a normal cake. She's got brownies. My big cute baby is jammy. What are we doing next? We need to squeeze this lemon and put two teaspoons of lemon juice in it. Squeeze it. Squeeze the lemon. I'm so late on that joke. I said it like five times.  I don't mean to be. I'm sorry. This is how I live every day. It's shredding me. I feel like it's actually not what it is. I get shredded most of the time. That's true. Do I have two of these? Yeah. Two of those. Two teaspoons of lemon juice and two teaspoons of vanilla extract. We should have. You know how we said we had enough vanilla extract? We did not. We have like one teaspoon worth. It's going to get down to the nail. The one tip I learned through school was to clean up Etsy guys. That's the only thing I learned in free tech and hospitality. Is that like from friends? They're like stirring, stirring, stirring. They never let it settle. Oh, in the coffee. Constantly keep it moving. Stir and drink, stir and drink. Never let it settle. That's our wet ingredient going well. I think that's enough. So you can put it into the jar and drink it. It's solidified as you see. That's all right. Just pop it on in. So you mix that. Just make sure there's no clumps. So you don't want any flour clumps in it. That is a beautiful job done by M. I know. Thank you. It's so modest. A rose here. So we're going to pop that. So all the lumps of the flour are gone, which is what you want. And then we're going to pop that into these two baking tins. I see you guys threw it evenly and pop them into them. So we're going to do that now. I feel like you've done a lot on this one and then none on the other one. It's just because I spread it. That's why it just looks like this. Look, look, look. I just spread it. Because M didn't even it out, probably have to scoop some back into the side. So we've done our best to make it as evenly as possible. I mean. Now we're going to pop them into the oven just over there. Do you want to pop them in the oven? Yeah, if you open it. Yeah, cool. Thank you. Okay. All right. So put one on the bottom, one on top. And start that timer. For 35 minutes, just put the timer on and the time starts now. It says for 35 minutes or until golden brown on top and spring you to the touch. So when you insert a toothpick and it comes out clean, you know it's ready. All right. So they're done now and they look lovely golden brown. We tested them with a fork. Yeah, they do look really good. Actually, they look perfectly done. This one looks perfect. Look, that one looks so good. I put, sorry, it's at fork marks. No, that's good. So we tested them and the fork came out clean. So now we're just going to let them cool. But it's said that you need to take them out of the, like the pan straight away otherwise because sponge cakes tend to get condensation on them and make them go really wet. So we're going to pour them out and put them onto a cooling rack so they can dry, like cool down properly without like getting moisture on them. Take it off the rack. Oh, good. That turned out well. So we're going to let them cool on the drying racks for a bit until they're nice and cold before we put the whipped cream on top of them. So don't do the whipped cream now. Yeah. Yeah, we'll do the whipped cream now. So Em had the small idea that we should change into our onesie. So we're going to do that because it's freaking freezing over here. It's so cold. It's so cold. So we're going to do that now. So ready. One, two, three. Oh, wow. I need two cups of coconut cream. We're going to open it. Ah, there we go. Oh, the good stuff. That's cool. It looks like yogurt. It's like so, it's so stuck it won't come out. Oh, there it'll go. One cup of powdered sugar. Ah! Two teaspoons of vanilla extract. That was a whisk and tilt. Love it. We're totally needed a bigger bowl. You too. Ready? One, two, three. You go, girl. Take two. So we've just popped it in the fridge for an hour or so just to help it to thicken. And then we're going to take it out again afterwards and whisk it again to help it thicken up a bit more. So our cream is a little bit watery. So we're going to try and thicken our cream with some aerobics. I don't know how it's going to go. But it's just because we, well I mistakenly forgot to separate the milk and the cream. So the milk is with the cream so that's why it's a little bit watery. But eh, well, it's less of a line for next time. It's just liquidness. It won't thicken. That's as good as it's going to get. How do you know? We just put flour in it. We just put the milk in there so it won't thicken like it would. So that's as good as it's going to go. Oh, we butch this. The cream's always the hardest part though. No, I mean it's this whipped cream like no dairy-free people do. Put the strawberry jam on. So the lesson to learn from this is to actually freeze your stuff. Yeah, freeze the night before, separate the cream. And we're just going to pop it on and then put the berries on. Why are you doing that? It's added. Why are you not? We've got all the pieces together. Yeah, it's a bit of salt. That's totally not how the saying goes. I'm going to skip. But save some just a little bit for the top. Okay. Well, it looks actually good with berries in it. It actually makes it look pretty and not just white. Actually, it looks kind of good. Play with some. How do you want your berries in the middle? I'm going to pour the icing on. Hold on. I'm going to pour it all on the top. Sauce, hold on. Yeah, that was all there. That was my bird. Like, you know the snow? Put it on top of it? You just missed this whole side of the cake. You got all this side. It's covered in mush. It's a sponge cake. And you know... What do you guys recommend? The deciding moment is actually tasting it. Yeah, okay. I'm going to eat it. Well, can we cut it? You can eat it. Just in half? Yeah. Oh, no, Ness. It's too sucky. Oh, look. Oh, Ness. Ness, look at this. Oh. I'm going to leave mine on you. I don't know how Isabella does it. Well, I guess it would have worked out if we didn't have gross cream. All right. We're going to do our moment of truth. Do you want some more gin? I need more cream. Give me more cream. I could just dip it in. All right, nice. It actually tastes nice. It's good with more gin. Just like picking out and eating, like... Just a half a cake each. Right, so that was our video, guys. I hope you enjoyed it. There's a lot of laughs on this end. It tastes actually good. So that's a win in itself. I feel like we failed on the cream front. And the cream is really rich on you guys. The cream is down. But otherwise it turned out really well. The gin was good. The berries were good. The cake was good. Just the cream needs a bit of work. Yeah. If you guys liked it please give it a thumbs up and if you want to see more videos like this in the future just share a yes or no below, otherwise I wish you all a great day and we'll see you in my next video.


You're welcome back to the breakfast on PLOS TV Africa. Now there's a clash of forces in Chad following the appointment of Mohammad Derby to replace his late father Idris Derby as head of state. On one hand the military who wants General Kaka as his court to oversee an 18-month transition government. On the other hand our opposition parties who see the younger Derby's appointment, who's 37 years old, as an institutional coup. There is also a Chadian rebel group based in Libya which says it doesn't recognize General Kaka. The group, the Front for Change and Concord in Chad says its fighters are already on their way to Chad. Joining us now to take a look at the security implications of this on West Africa and particularly Nigeria is Security and Current Affairs Analyst, Mr Katch on Anuju. Good morning. Thanks for joining us. Thank you for having me. All right. Mr Anuju, the situation in Chad right now is dire because you know we mentioned earlier that this is you know looking a lot like the Libyan story where you know a power vacuum you know starts to create a power struggle. But I want your comments on you know because Derby had earlier spoken you know about this FACT that they had been crushed you know from Libya they had basically been defeated but now that he's gone and his son has been installed as the head of the Transitional Military Council, they're on their way leaving Libya now back into Chad. So would you say really that you know Derby's former statement of the FACT and other rebellion groups, rebellious groups being defeated was a political statement or would you say that you know it's just his death that's making them resurface now? Well you know what Chad is a cake of gunpowder it's been mismanaged. Mr Derby hadn't been in power for three decades. It was a dictatorship. He kept repeating himself and now we have seen the final outcome of that that happens when dictators are in power. He left and you have an inclusion. Inclusion increased. Members of the ruling junta are still in power. So whatever it is that we're conditioned that we're created as a consequence of his state type policy which is actually the cost of the crisis I think that will still continue because if you looked at what happened it seemed the members of the same clique the same junta that are still in power. So those who are fighting Mr Derby will continue to fight the new Mr Derby. I think the region needs to move in to help that country heal to start the transition that's inclusive so that they can actually have proper democracy. What they have been charged saying is it's not democracy. I remember there was a time President Abacha was paying salaries for the bureaucracy in charge just to give Mr Derby in power. We should not allow that to continue. We should remove Derby as he's going on now and try to hold them accountable to transparent elections that are credible and allow the markets to continue. They are losing in hope to become more inclusive of the aspirations of the majority of China. The biggest concern really is security. The emergence of these militia groups even in Kenya you know we're still every now and then still here of Al Shabaab. The Boko Haram was one of the things that Idris Derby also you know with its his relationship with President Mohammed Buwari had also assisted in the fight against Boko Haram. So one of the biggest concerns with regards security. In the past remember Libya was blamed and the death of the Libyan leader then was blamed for you know the influx of arms and ammunition into other parts of Africa. What is our biggest security challenge now that Idris Derby is dead? The challenge is like I told you before. They must act now to do those things that Mr Idris Derby did not do. An inclusive power sharing system that carries more members of the Chinese society into consideration because the same people with guns are still the same people with guns. The factions that supported Mr Derby are still in power. The factions that were fighting him are still fighting. So since nothing has changed he will continue to see the crisis. Let's not pretend as if there was order. No there wasn't order. There was an insurgency by those who felt out. And there are new fears. He was very very cooperative in the fight against Boko Haram and the other people is seen but Chad was also not a stable society. You should understand that. What we must do now is to encourage an inclusive reform system that it's so inclusive that more members of the Chadian population should be brought in to governance. I think that's the way I foresee it going. Without that improving on whatever it is they had at the time with Mr Derby is the path to go. An inclusive system that agrees to organize power in such a way that more people, not just Mr Derby and his family, you know he had a massive family and the family's presence in Chadian government was very very overwhelmed. Let us start the system that is inclusive that carries more members of the Chadian society. That way you can be able to start negotiating the end of the hostilities that have been on since from the time of Mr Idris Davies being in power. The what I'm trying to get is if we fail to achieve some of all these things because I think we all already always know what should be what should happen. France and the you know international community have also stated what they believe should happen in Chad. But if we fail to achieve some of these or if they fail to achieve some of these things and there's a breakdown of law and other and complete chaos in Chad is there fears that that might spill over into Nigeria and other countries? Nigeria already have more a break of law and order than any movement from Chad can bring. Now where would you, Nigeria not is, Nigeria not is has been at war with the Boko Harami so there's been a very long time and Nigeria has not seen a way to do it. So I see nothing new there's nothing new that will occur on that axis. All we need to do is to stabilize Chad by seizing this particular opportunity to impress on the ruling counter that they should do enough they should do more than Mr Heesheed Herb Reddy so that we can use this opportunity to actually kill two better. I started a process that should have started before now. For that to happen we need Chad's international partners like France to come in and the United States too can do something about it. Let them come in and let us start the process there. You also need to have relaxation of dictatorship all across the Sahel. So yes let us use this opportunity and start to tell Mr Harbis, Mr Davis people who are now in power to start the process of inclusion right now. Okay Ms Ananoju your points are well noted you know the the issues really is that first of all the foundations of government and politics in Chad was faulty. He's been ruling for over over three decades since 1990 basically extending constitutions just so he can remain in power you know since since that year 1990 that I can mention and then that transitional military council you know handed over power to his son and I have a statement here from the spokesman for the front for change and concord in Chad FACT and he's saying that Chad is not a monarchy that there can be no dynastic devolution of power in the country and that they're going to basically resist this and resist the installation of a Mohammed as you know transitional ruler of Chad. So in light of what you've been saying you know that Chad dictatorship should be neutralized or relaxed in Africa would you say that the FACT is justifying their move? Okay we would apologize for that first of all sorry about the network connection we'll try to get back Mr Ananoju in the conversation but we really need to ask you know dictatorship really is a big challenge. Idris Derby was one of the longest serving presidents you know leaders in Africa ruling since 1990 that's terrible that shouldn't be done for a sixth term you know. So good to know we have Mr Ananoju back just to get perspectives as to where we stand right now. Mr Ananoju are you here with us? Yes I'm here with you. Okay did you get my question the other time? Yes the question that's what I'm telling you the important thing as you started as you stated Chad is not a manatee and Chad should not be a monarchy instability in any part of the sub-saharan Africa structure is a threat to stability everywhere else we should see this opportunity to not tell the junta who are taking power and who are very likely to justify everything that they have done because for them what has been there for the past 31 years is normal it's not normal we must not notch them towards an inclusive arrangement where a broader membership of the Chadian society and are allowed to come into power if you do not do this you're going to continue to have the underlying disruptions that were there during the time of Mr Idris Derby and we continue to be there if you do not negotiate inclusion of the broader membership of the society into power share. Okay so Mr Ananoju staying with the security situation because what we've seen right now we've seen pictures you know in in Jamina Chad of you know the military basically on the streets it seems like you know the country is becoming militarized because of the threats of you know the FACT coming into the country from Libya but in the case that this breaks out into a conflict right looking at the reputation of the Chadian army we know how they've been involved in UN missions in Mali we know how they've been involved in assignments in you know as far as Burkina Faso in EJ how they've also collaborated with Nigeria to tackle Boko Haram so looking at the the reputation of the Chadian army if this eventually breaks out into a crisis do you think that they have the capacity to actually you know quell the rebellion from Boko Haram, FACT and other insurgent groups. Yes they have had capacity to send off the insurgents and where the problem will come is when they have the vision internally because don't forget he was killed just a day after he had won another uh never ending term so if they're able to negotiate internally amongst even members of the junta to agree on how to move forward because you remove Mr. Idris Derby you replace him with his son it is a status quo all you've simply done is push rhetorics to maintain the status quo so you need a more inclusive society that I believe is the only part towards progress in Chad and other places around the Sahel you need now to start to impress it on that son of Idris Derby that greater power share is necessary even amongst the members of the current junta that worked with Mr. Idris Derby and then more members of the Chadian society because there was insurgency because of lack of inclusion so it will not stop the only problem you have is when the internal members of the current junta starts squabbling among themselves that this should not be a monarchy where a father leaves and then the son takes over when they are able to erase that internal problem they will be able to deal with the external confrontations coming from the larger membership of the Chadian society. So Nanduja I would like you to also speak on the influence of the international community that maybe has also assisted Idris Derby or assisted him rather to stay in government for three decades and what do you what role do you think that they should play at a time like this where do you think France you know may want to come in here in order to achieve a peaceful Chad. That's why I call Chad I mean that's why I called France. France is the most important in this it's a very very G3 colonial power it does not want any instability not because it likes society to become a good one no it is no one is ability so that those that are in power will continue to play to its interest like puppets that's so we need to beg them to please allow stability and then we will then from there ask for the progression which will be the progressive inclusion of a larger percentage of the Chadian society but yes you have Chad on board yes you need to reassure the United States that the cooperation that they got from Mr. Idris Derby will continue under the new circumstances that will then calm them down then you now look for internal inclusion before you progress into expansion of power sharing in the larger Chadian society. I think that's the part of it. Yeah but if you if you say you know they don't want crisis they don't want any chaos in Chad because it affects their interest and at the same time the FACT rebels would like to see Idris Derby's son out of that position how does that work then because if the rebels aren't going to allow Derby and his family to continue to be in power and at the same time France seemingly would like that it continues as long as their interests are protected how then do you you know put the both side by side well that means we have brought out the the real cross of the matter in the center a lot of people inside the current dictatorship and members of society outside fighting with the rebels they are all united in ending the monarchy of the Derby family that's where you will find a greater percentage of the Chadian society speak with unity that is where I believe ultimately the whole people must work towards but for now the only way to stabilize the junta and avoid an inflation is to allow Mr. Derby's junta to have a relative eye out of peace from which they can now work to understand that the greater Chadian society will not accept further all right since the last misanalogist sadly enough and I think the most important thing we need to really focus and learn from the Chadian situation is what the standard of leadership should be in Africa because we see this dictatorship style military style you know leadership across different african countries and miss Anand you can hear us yes I can hear you I said finally I wanted to get your thoughts on what the standard of leadership should be in Africa because we've seen the situation play itself you know time and time again when you know presidents stay beyond their term they extend the constitution you know just so they can stay in power beyond the tenor you know this dictatorship style thing this monarchical military style leadership but what should the standard be for african leadership going forward the standard should be democracy all the way africa is a plural society and the very diverse communities the democracy is not perfect but it's the system that has short the maximum inclusion of the largest number of the population so all over africa we should strive for democracy the sit tight strategy you saw uh mr debbie uh enjoyed was very bad for africa was very bad for Chad he actually damaged society he didn't allow for democracy to continue that would have been a very good thing you can see uh what he did is what you see our people try to be me in some parts of the sahel and nothing that should be stopped uh so we started off the institutionalization of secured environment and peaceful society in child will also help the rest of people across the area where child doesn't exist all right it is very important that africa embraces and stays in an inclusive democratic system i think that's the very best right now we do not have anything that compares to an inclusive democracy society all right kachan ojo uh thank you very much for your time this morning thanks for speaking with us uh we'd like to thank you for having you're welcome all right stay with us uh still here on the breakfast and plus tv africa now we're bringing in conversation down here to nigeria uh the minister of communications and digital economy is uh pantami is once again on the front burner as he has been in the last one week uh we're speaking next with uh two persons to share their views on new revelations from the past of visapantami we'll be back


So, welcome to Smog Dev Workshop. In Smog Dev Workshop, we talk about technical issues, practical approach to software development, like having coffee with Smog, where I talk about more softer things, everything that's around the programming itself, having coffee with Smog. Technical stuff, more hardcore here, Smog Dev workshops. So, without further ado, let's begin. I'm sure you know there are dozens, hundreds even, of programming languages. Some programming languages are object oriented, other are more procedural, others are mathematical, things like SQL, esoteric languages, golfing languages even. How do you categorize all of those massive amounts of programming languages? How do you group and divide them? Like, these languages are similar, these are not similar, like, what do you do to, you know, kind of describe the language in terms that are commonly agreed on and easily understood? You come up with paradigms. So, these things that describe programming languages, these things that help us to understand what kind of features those programming language has, what kind of behaviors are allowed, what are discouraged and what are impossible. There are lots and lots and lots of programming paradigms. Let me read some of this to you. Action paradigm, concurrent computing, data-driven, dynamic, scripting, generic, intentional, metaprogramming, quantum paradigms, symbolic, so on and so forth.  So, where do you put the majority of most used programming languages? Where do you put C++, Java, C, PHP, JavaScript, Ruby? Where do you put SQL, XPath, OCaml, Erlang? Where does assembly belong? Fortran, Basic, all of those older ones? Where do you put them? How do you categorize them? Most of these languages have features of multiple design paradigms. You need to know that, that, for example, in Java, you could think, oh, this is object-oriented language, but it has some declarative functionality. You can write in a declarative style in Java. Parts, at least some parts of your programs could be written in this paradigm. But before we get into those paradigms, how did they came to be? What started this movement of grouping languages and paradigms coming up with higher-level principles that govern how language should behave, what should it do, and how? People used to write a lot of so-called spaghetti code. And spaghetti code is something that could only be described like the dish. Take this one end of spaghetti and you follow it into this mass of pasta and you dive in and you try to build this mental model of this thing and you try to follow these go-to statements, jumps and like, no, who does that? Like, ah, how are you even going to do that? Well, well, I'm sure that you heard about this guy called the extra. So during his investigations, the extra discovered that certain uses of go-to prevent modules from being divided into smaller and smaller chunks and simplifying them, right? So that kind of went against divide and conquer principle. At the end of the 60s, he writes this letter to this computer magazine saying, oh, go-to statements should be considered harmful. And that basically starts a huge, huge, huge storm. And you know, people start writing letters to him. And these are not very polite letters, so to speak. Eventually, we can say that the extra kind of one, you know, many languages don't even have the go-to statement and others that do kind of discourage use of it. Take C++, it's there. But, you know, right. So the extra figured that, hey, there should be a way to avoid those go-to statements and all of that nonsense, right? So he invented this, you know, structural programming. And you could argue that this was the first paradigm. Contrary structures. If then else, do while and, you know, this kind of things that allowed modules to be recursively divided into smaller and smaller pieces. And that kind of stood in contrast to, you know, non-structural programming paradigm, which allowed the use of go-to and, you know, going from one place of the code to completely unrelated. And languages like basic early versions of COBOL or FORTRAN allowed this. And of course, assembly, which, yeah, you won't get away from that in assembly. Most of the modern languages are structural. There is this other division of programming languages that basically consists of two paradigms that are in contrast of each other. So we have imperative and declarative paradigm. You know, simplifying. Imperative programming languages tell how to do stuff, how to achieve the result that you're after. Step by step, do this, assign this value to this variable, then take this map and this hash and then do this operation. So step by step, piece by piece. This is how imperative programming design, no design. Why am I saying this? On the contrast, we have this declarative approach, which basically says, I want this result. And how do you do it? I don't care. It seems a little hard to grasp, like, at first. But then you think what kind of languages are declarative. And I say things like SQL, XPath, Ragex. And then you know. That's true in SQL. You don't think how this database will go over every single row and, you know, get me my result. Like, does it store it in a map? Does it store it in a list? Does it use something else, maybe a graph or a hash map? Something arise? Who knows? Who cares? I don't care. I just want my result and that's it. I want this column, this column, this column, joined with this other table. And based on that index, blah, blah, blah, blah. I get my result and that's it. Same thing, regular expression. I don't care how you will find out all of the matches to my pattern. You figure it out. You're the library. You're the language and this is declarative style. XPath, the same thing. Just give me those nodes in this DOM3 and I don't care. Simple? Simple. So that's declarative. Imperative. That's a whole different kind of story. You have to describe it step by step. C, C++, Java, C-sharp, Pascal, PHP, Ruby, Python, all of those. You have to get in there and say, I want this variable to store this thing and this piece of memory and this structure and then perform this concrete algorithm to achieve the result that I want. And that's the main difference. So just to be absolutely clear, some of those languages have mechanisms from both. There are some database SQL languages that allow variables, stored procedures, and they kind of pull from imperative paradigm. We have this huge, huge family of object-oriented programming and object-oriented programming is of course C++, C-sharp, Java, PHP, JavaScript, sort of. We have a lot of languages that either are fully object-oriented or have elements of object-oriented programming. There are of course four important principles of object-oriented programming and this is abstraction, polymorphism, inheritance, and encapsulation. And you know, the key thing that object-oriented programming is about is of course polymorphism which allows you to use dependency injection and inversion of control and all of that. So very deep topic. This deserves like a whole separate video. I'll get back to that at some point. So object-oriented programming also lives on this imperative side of our universe. Now on the other part of our universe, there is this declarative galaxy and in there, there is this planet called functional paradigm and this planet is very, very rich. It's so rich and the RAM and computing power that they decided we are not deleting anything. Nothing gets modified. We only copy and create and that's it. There is no mutation of existing state. In principle, there are no side effects. So if you have a function that takes an argument and you give it the same argument, it will always, always give you the exact same output. There is no way of changing this output. So what does that mean and what are the implications of not having mutable states? Well, languages that don't allow mutability are very strong in avoiding concurrency issues like data-racing, like there are no deadlocks. There are no problems related to multiple threads touching the same data because the data never changes. Hmm, ain't that pretty? And you know, the most known languages that follow this paradigm are Lisp, Closure, OCaml and Erlang and I think Wolfram and languages related closely to telecommunication which is heavily concurrent. Of course, you know, there are like smaller groups of paradigms or smaller paradigms that touch on some certain small aspect of software development. But these are the main ones. These are the most important paradigms. If you understand those, if you can intuitively feel what this paradigm means, what it does, most likely you get the topic, you know, conquered well enough. So let's sum it up. We have the structural and non-structural programming. Non-structural means use go-to. Structural means use control structures. We have imperative and declarative programming. Imperative means that you have to say how to achieve your result. Declarative means that you will actually say what do you want to achieve? What kind of result do you want? So in the imperative galaxy, we have object-oriented programming and in the declarative galaxy, we have functional programming among others because of course this list is not, you know, exclusive. There are many, many, many, many, many more programming paradigms. These are only the main ones, the most common ones, the ones that are used in the most known and most used languages. So if you want to know more, I recommend getting a good book. Of course, I always recommend books. Guys, I cannot stress enough. If you want to learn something throughout, understand it in depth, get a book. So, you know, this book is kind of good. It's called Clean Architecture by Robert C. Martin, also known as Uncle Bob. So, you know, I recommend using this one as an introduction to architecture to, well, a lot of design principles, a lot of architectural principles and programming paradigms as well. He describes, you know, in detail how these came to be and what are the major differences. So this guy needs no introduction. He's a legend. He literally wrote a book on clean code, right? Right, right, right, yes. So before I leave you, I just wanted to know that go-to statement is considered harmful. Subscribe, leave a comment and I'll see you in the next one. Cheers.


Hi everybody it's Sam at Mixed Up Craft and thank you for watching my tutorial today. This tutorial kick starts the beginning of my creative card series 2018 so for those of you that have been following me for over a year now you would have remembered my creative card series 2017. It was done quite early on, I hadn't had it long at that point and it was a huge success and two of the videos that week have proven to be my most popular tutorials ever. So I thought I would kick start this week with an updated version of the pop-up card that I done which I still get so many messages about and people really enjoy it. So every card that I'm going to share every other day for the next two weeks will be a fancy fold card, fun fold card, something with a bit of something that's not just a standard open and closed card although that's what this one looks like and I guess kind of is but wait till you see inside. So I've done this beautiful belly band and the front of the card is actually completely plain because the idea is that you keep it open. So this is the outside which is just gorgeous, really enjoyed doing these.  So this is an updated and more simplified version of the one I've done last year but still that's the profile that you would look at when you're looking at it sideways on and it's absolutely gorgeous and then looking over here you can see the side view there and it's just so much fun to make and it's you know it's just lovely you can do this for an anniversary a really special birthday and that's another thing all these cards they are they're time consuming so that is a labour of love so it's something that you want to sit down and think right today I'm going to make that really special card for you know somebody and this is what I'm going to do so that's what these cards are and like I said I've thoroughly enjoyed doing this one so this is a happy birthday with the heat embossed sentiment there. Got my favourite little butterfly which I'm also wearing as my ring today and it's just beautiful that's the easiest way to describe this and then the belly band I thought can sit nicely next to it as well and it can just be you know all enjoyed. Now one little change I am going to make to this as beautiful as it is I want to shrink this in a little bit closer so this one and this one they're not going to be as long I think they could do with just going in a little bit towards the back these two down here I'm going to keep that length but these two I'm going to just shrink in a little bit so you'll have a bigger surface area here to decorate which I'll show you and we can do but that's what we're going to do today and then it all closes nice and flat it's a little bit thicker so if you're posting it you probably will have to pay a little bit more for postage but you know it shouldn't be too much you can see there on the side okay so that's what we're going to do so I'm just going to pop that one over there so the one I'm going to show you because I like to make them a bit different is all the same in terms of the flowers and everything but I'm going to do it with the yellow kind of like a yellowy mustard background for this one. Now I prepared everything because I've done endless tutorials on how to make flowers and heating, bossing and all that kind of stuff the main part of this is I want to show you the construction and how to get those cuts so I've already prepared all my decoration which I will talk through when we get to that bit had fun doing all my flowers I've already died cut my butterfly and pop all these to one side that's my start on my belly band so get my words out there it's a smaller sentiment in regards to the area because we're going to be covering this with all those flowers so you can see how full it does become so that's a smaller sentiment and then I've got four layers here from my nest of rectangle dies whereas on that one there was two but because I'm going to have a bigger area I've done more so that's that one belly band and then the card now I'm doing this as a five by seven because it's such a big area I thought it looked a bit too squashed in like an a2 smaller size however you still can do that so you can easily shrink this down so I've got here a five by seven card base okay and I've just cut this from a piece of card stock that was 10 by seven and then along the 10 inch side I've scored it at five and that will give you your five by seven base then the piece that's going inside is shorter so I want a quarter of an inch border so this is nine and a half by six and a half okay now with this piece here along the nine and a half inch side you want to score at what is it four and a half so four and three quarters okay is half of nine and a half so I'm just going to score four and three quarters all the way down and then we can fold that one in half okay so now you can see if I sit that one inside here and just open it up you'll get that nice border okay so that's all of the scoring with the scoreboard I'm going to use a different stylus because we will need that in a moment so let's just remove that one we don't need that now for a while so get rid of that so we've got our card base here I'm just going to burnish that score line there so it's nice and flat now everything we do from now on is going to be along this burnished line don't work from this side here okay not the open end you want to work at the closed end lie it down now if you've got a grid which I have here now this grid works in half inch increments on this side and on the other side it's in centimeters but I like to work in inches I will list the centimeters on my blog because I do get a lot of people asking and I've tried to remember to do my tutorials with centimeters as well but when you're just so used to working in in inches it's really hard so I will put in I will put centimeters in my blog okay and there will be templates for inches and centimeters as well on my blog so you can revert to those as well okay so I've got it within my grid here with my ruler what you want to do if I'm a pencil is that one a nice sharp one let's see if I've got a sharp one no I think that's gonna have to do okay so if I line my ruler up with this all in the grid here and my ruler along I can see it's six and a half which is right which is what we done what you want to do is just start from the outside and just put a little pencil mark at half an inch so just put half an inch there and then here at half an inch so that's going to be half an inch and at six inches just a little pencil mark okay then come in again at one and do a pencil mark and then at five and a half now with that one that we've just done just put a little cross in the two like that I'm going to lift this up a bit closer in a moment or maybe if I just see if I can come down there we go you can see much better there okay so there's that half inch and then that one and just put a little cross and then I've come in here at six and then at five and a half and again put a little cross then do a pencil mark at five okay and do one at one and a half then do one at two and do one at four and a half and again put a little cross okay so you can see now I'm doing every other half inch I'm putting across so again two and a half and four and then three and three and a half and then between the two and a half and the three I'm doing a cross and between the three and a half and a four I'm doing a cross okay so every other half inch you will have a little cross like so and this is just to help us and know which ones we're cutting because when we go to cut this we're going to cut every one with cross and it doesn't matter about all these pencil marks because this is all going to be inside and hidden you won't see any of this okay so you can really write and do whatever you want on here to make it easier for you um you don't need to worry about any of this being on show so now I'm going to twist the card around to any any side all right any of these side it doesn't matter so I'm going to work with this one here and basically what you want to do is do a pencil mark at three quarters of an inch okay and then again at the other end do a pencil mark at three quarters of an inch and then just join those two up obviously if you've got a t ruler then you won't have to do both ends but I still haven't got around to buying one after I said I would there we go okay so I've just got that I'm going to come back out a little bit a little bit now so you can see everything there we go now I don't want to do those other two as long as I did so basically what I did next you might want to do them that far out okay if you do then you do another three quarters of an inch you then do a one and a half and then you would do two and a quarter okay and that will give you the same that I've got but I don't want them to be as you know how long as they were so now I'm going to do my next one at one and a quarter and again not the top here one and a quarter and again join those two lines up and then I'm going to work up again another half inch so now I'm going to do one and three quarters and just join them up okay so that's now what you should have you have these three lines here so now what we need to do is the two outer ones so the two outside crosses here you basically want to just I'm using my grid just to make sure I'm lining my ruler up straight but you want to do a pencil mark right up to the top line so these parallel lines here you want to go right up to the top then the next one oh and you said that one here as well didn't we do the same okay then the next crossed section we're going to do to that second line again making sure you want to make sure these are all straight because you're going to cut these so you don't want to be wonky that one okay so I'm coming down there this is the most tricky part all the rest is decoration and it's really fun and then the two in the middle you're going to do just to that first pencil line like so I just bring that up so that is what you want so up the side here we've got three quarter of an inch from here from the bottom to the top from here three quarters of an inch and then half an inch and half an inch and then these are all half inch increments all these sections here okay so now we can do a little bit of cutting so you don't need to worry about doing anything on the other side you only have to do it on one side of this card now what we're going to do is cut up these pencil lines for every crossed area so I'm going to cut all the way up to that one there now this cardstock I'm using is 300 gsm so you know you do want a good cardstock so just bear that in mind if it's too flimsy and you're sticking flowers on these bits would not stay rigid like mine are okay so yeah just make sure you do use it a strong card so once so you're just cutting up to wherever the pencil was going to so now you'll have this kind of effect here swooping down okay then pop it back on its side and grab I'm using just thinner I use these ones really for when I'm making flowers but I'm using this very thin stylus end here and just with my ruler what you want to do now is at the top of where you've got each crossed area so here's the top of this one then the top of this one you want to score along so for example here I'm just scoring that one then the next crossed area and then the next one and this will just help you when you go to fold them like so so all I've done there is I've just scored along the top of that one that one that one that one that one and that one every crossed area and then flip it over and although we haven't got the pencil lines here you can see where you've cut up to so you just want to score and join the cuts okay again don't worry on this other side too much it's not going to make it's not going to make your card work any less but it just gives you a nice sharp um fold line that's all when you go to pop them all out in a moment so you can see now there so I've just scored just joining so they all look like little you know looks like a skyline almost okay so like I said don't worry about all the pencil marks they can stay there because you're not going to see any of it so now open up the card and you will have something like that you want to now pop through each one so that one's going to come through then the next one so it's every other and just push them through don't worry if the other ones pop out as well because you can just push them back again like so so I can see now and then as I fold it up it creates this really cool effect and I just absolutely love it now already I can see I'm much much happier with them being slightly shorter and completely turn it over so you're lying it flat so now you can see that pattern that we get now if you wanted to do a card portrait so that when people open the card they just reveal this awesome pattern you can do that as well you could do maybe one long one short one long one short and so on and so forth I'm just going to pan back out again oh gosh there we go so you can see the really really cool effects you get um just by doing some simple cut lines so now this is why I said don't worry about the pencil marks because that is going to go inside and once you put it against a really cool color you really get to see all those fun cut lines okay now I'm going to stick this on to here next but if you want to stamp directly or heat emboss directly onto this now's the time to do it because once we because then if it warps slightly once you stick it onto this flat surface here it will straighten it back out but if you do it and then lie it all flat and heat emboss on this your whole card would just end up being a bit you know warped which isn't great so fold that one over okay and then I've just got my tear tape here and I'm first of all going to cover most of the area with this and then any little gaps I'm going to cover with wet glue so although my wet glue is paper friendly I don't want to put it all over the back of this so I'm doing a bit of both so I'm just going to cover both sides of this okay so I just covered both sides with my double sided tape and then I'm going to remove all of that backing and then add my wet glue just it's easier to do it that way than add the wet glue now and then you end up getting in a mess trying to take off your backing afterwards so I'm just going to remove all of this okay so I've done that one side just remove the backing you don't want to remove the backing from both sides obviously stick on your um your mat or whatever but you can see there and then I'm just going to grab some of my wet glue here and just go and pop glue in all of these and just where there's any kind of card still exposed okay and then what we can do is with the side where we haven't taken off our adhesive yet you can just slide that easily on here go right up to your score line bring it right up make sure you've got equal borders on each of the sides here in the front and once you're happy it's all in place you can slide that other piece on top like so and you can see now it's all nicely stuck down and then we can do the same now on this side so I'm going to take all the backing off and again add my wet glue okay so I've just taken the backing off and just applied some wet glue amongst that and then this one here you can just fold that over the top and that is your pop-up card so now when that person opens it so like I said you could have it that way if you want but we're going to have this with the flowers so we're going to start to decorate it now but again I like now that they don't come out too far and we've got this nice big area now which is why I've done those extra die cuts they fit in there perfectly and they're going to be all nicely nested on top of each other with that one like so so that's going to be at the bottom and then I've got my butterfly and everything going on at the top so I'm going to stick that down last I want to concentrate on the flowers and do the belly band very at the very end as well because I just wrap my belly bands I don't score them at particular points because you never know how bulky this is going to be and everybody's is going to be slightly different you'll be having you'll be used different flowers to me and so on so now I'm just going to talk you through how I kind of put it together and just a few little tips to make sure that it always folds nicely so I'm just going to open this one up because I'm following the same pattern so I do really like the way that that one has all kind of worked together so for example this one here when you go to stick it at the top here you want it to be as close to it as possible but you because my flowers are quite dimensional they're actually quite flat when they're stuck down because I end up sticking glue on all of the backs and it needs to be completely flat because when this piece folds if I hold that there so say that's where I stick it well it is going to be where I stick it when this folds back on itself this piece here you don't want it to catch on that flower so don't stick it right on top of it you don't want it touching it's a literally a couple of millimeters away from it so that it just gives that room for that piece to be able to fold closed okay so just when you're going around sticking all these make sure they don't touch they're just sitting just above them and and that's the same for when we go to decorate on the front here so when I go to stick this one here I'm not sticking it right down like that I'm lifting it up just a little bit and again it will just allow that to fold flat okay so I'm going to go ahead now oh got a little mark there unfortunately it's going to be covered um I'm going to go and do all of this beautiful piece on the back first and then I can show you it closing and then I'll go through the front okay so I've done all of the top half then I've stuck the butterfly down I just bring it up there you can see I need to add a little um I forgot I need to add a little embellishment in the middle of that one but you can see how I've done them there I've layered them over the top and none of it is touching the tops of all of these little bits here so now when that folds flat you can see it all goes down nicely it doesn't catch on anything so each time you go to stick something down use your wet glue and just come to fold it up a bit and just check that it does fold nicely you don't want these to bend any of these here okay so now I'm going to decorate all of the the front here so you can you can come up as high as you want so like I've come you know I've lifted these up past this piece here but again remember to not go completely flush with the card there so for this one here I'm just going to pop some of my glue on the back there and this one's going to be sticking here but make sure my flower's flat and you can see that it is not stuck there's a little gap a couple of millimeters there and that's what you want to keep it free just so that then when that goes to fold flat you can see now it folds nicely okay without catching so still not stuck properly let me just keep that in place okay so I'm going to go along now and decorate all the fronts of these and then I'll be back okay so there is the bottom done so I'm just showing you as it would be seen to the person that you give it to and then you can see looking down there and I just think it looks really really pretty I'm so pleased with this and I hope you guys like it as well okay so now I'm going to add my sentiment and do a little bit of decoration on there as well and then I can finish off with the belly band so I'm going to add some some foam squares onto all of these just so they're raised up again if you want to keep it flat depending on how thick you know yours might already be and my flowers are just a very old die that I've got I just die cut and the leaves are from a stamping up stash again I'll put any links that I can find I'll put in my blog but this is an easy one to do you don't need any expensive bits and pieces just need good card I would say is the is the main bit because you want this to stay nice and straight you can see how it sits up perfectly on its own if you've got a thin card excuse me the weight and what we're doing here it would just end up falling over it wouldn't hold itself up so I'm going to stick that one just on here and just layer up these other two okay so I've just stacked them all on top of each other pop some glue on the bottom one and then I'm just gonna make sure it's centered with these two here and then you've got a nice straight line and the same you want the same gap here as you've got on all of them so it looks all nice and finished like so so now if I lift that up you can see all the dimension to that as well and again it all still folds keep practicing keep always folding it up okay you can see there so I'm gonna put some flowers on here although I'm probably not going to do as much as I've done on that one because that one's a bit flatter and I've done them to fill the gap but that's already quite filled so I don't need to do as much so what I'm going to move on to now is the belly band so I've got this piece here and as I said you know make sure you're happy and you're finished with what you've got going on here and then when you close it all up get your belly band so this is just the width of a four which is 11 and 5 eighths of an inch um 11 inches would be fine and obviously 12 as well sit the card over the top like so and then just bring this around and you want to do it loosely okay so don't you know you want that when it's folded over just practice just sliding it and that I can see comes off probably because you don't want to squash that I haven't swatched it I've literally just folded it over and I'm holding this quite lightly you don't want to crush it all um and then there's the belly band so I am just going to put a little pencil mark where it over overhangs there and then I know I can add my glue to within that area there like so and then just fold that one over so it's back up to that pencil line okay and then I can slide that off and just make sure that's all stuck down nicely and then I can work with this now so that these are my circles you might want to use rectangle squares do something completely different but my largest one is four inches and then the second one is three and a half and then I've got just over three for the top one there and I've just heat embossed a little sentiment on top and that is going to sit over like so so again I'm just going to pop a little pencil mark just so I know how far up to do the glue I can rub that out in a moment and now I can just cover that area in glue and sit that over the top okay so that's now all ready to decorate so again I want to copy what I've done on this one here so I've already got a big orange one there I've got a big yellow one up here and then I've got it slightly different I haven't got as many left as I thought so it's going to be that and that and then I'm going to have two oranges at the bottom there that still looks pretty and then I've got all these green leaves to nestle in and just build that up as well so I'm just going to get that one decorated okay so that is my belly band all decorated again I think it looks so pretty I'm really pleased with that one so I'll pop this one back on there that's pretty much it um people will ask where will you put your message with this one here I'm going to put my message on the back so I'm going to stick a white piece of card or paper there and write my to and from alternatively you may want to put your sentiment at the top here and write your message at the bottom it's entirely up to you like I said these do fit in an envelope so you may not want to do the belly band and just pop it straight into an envelope like it is like so um but yeah there we go folds flat and then this one will just slide in perfectly like so so there are my two more simplified pop-up cards um to the ones last year um I'll share the links to those I'll share any links to the flowers that I've made past tutorials anything like that to help you out um but I hope you like this tutorial I've really enjoyed these I think they're super pretty and um yeah I'm really looking forward to giving these out to people um so I hope you've enjoyed the first tutorial of my creative card series 2018 as always please show your pictures over on my facebook page um I will be super excited to see what you make with these cards this week um or over the next two weeks and um yeah until next time thumbs up and um yeah please subscribe if you haven't thanks for watching bye