We work on a disease, it's a fungus that affects frogs. This disease has been found out to be a major contributor to the global declines and amphibians. This fungus, it's called betrachycytrium dendrobatidis, for obvious reasons we call it BD, has been spreading around the world and these frogs that you see around you are affected by this fungus. They're called midwife toads and this species is found widely across Europe. The zoo spores that are produced by BD swim through the water and when they strike the amphibian skin they deploy some very potent enzymes called proteases. These zoo spores literally burn their way into the amphibian skin. These midwife toads are the most susceptible species to the fungus. So we work in the high Pyrenees above 2,000 meters. We see very aggressive die-offs of these elities in the number of populations. They now no longer exist because the fungus has killed them all. Until 2014, we thought this was a single disease, BD. But then scientists working in the Netherlands discovered that the fire salamanders there were going extinct and that they discovered that there was another kitrid which has subsequently been called Batracochytrium salamandravorans, the salamander killer. There's now at least two kitrids which kill amphibian species. What we're finding that in these amphibians which are taken out of tropical rainforests and traded around the world, quite a high proportion of these are infected with BD. And we've actually shown that some of these infected trade animals, when released into the environment, have spread their infection to the environment. So we believe that the amphibian trade is a very important vector of this infection around the world. The treatment that we've developed here in these laboratories is an antifungal drug called eichkonosol. This is commonly used in humans and in pets. But we've found that if we use very dilute concentrations of this antifungal with tadpoles, then they will clear infection. The kitrid is thankfully very, very susceptible to eichkonosol. By finding the exact dose that we can use on an animal without harming it, we can then go into natural environments and try those doses on infected animals. Once these tadpoles were in a captive environment, they then got the eichkonosol treatment. They were kept until we were sure that they were clear of infection and then were reintroduced back into the environment. We also used some chemical disinfection in the environment where we wash rocks with this compound called vercon, which cleared any residual stages that was of the fungus that were clinging to the rocks. And by doing this, we eventually cleared the infection from the island of Majorca. This is a massive coup because this is the first time that a wildlife disease has actually been combated and eradicated in nature. So already scientists are using our eichkonosol treatment protocol in other species, in Panama, in Costa Rica. They're having some success in at least being able to create captive amphibian arks where they have clean animals without the fungal infection that are breeding so that when we do come up with a mitigation approach that we can use in the environment, then we actually have these captive species that you can then reintroduce to the wild.


What's up everybody dino here? I got some dino my chicken wings right here. We're at the Limb Lizard barbecue Syracuse, New York three locations NFL Sunday.  Yum. Yum.


As the search for total peace intensifies in Platou state, the commissioner of the Special Military Task Force Operation Safe Heaven, Major-General Dominic Oyemelu, has taxed community leaders in the Berum and Fulani communities to ensure their subjects are law-abiding. He said this during the signing of a memorandum of understanding by the two communities in Riyam and just south local governments. The commander urged the various community leaders to take charge of securing lives and property in their domain. Community leaders, you need for you to interact among yourself and then use the traditional mechanisms that you have been using all along to ensure peace and security in your area and at the same time to fish out vices amongst your people. In their submission, the Fulani community asked that night graysen be banned and that they should be allowed to return to the other's place communities, while the Berum chiefs urged the Platou state government to fully implement a white paper on a peace meeting released in 2015. There was a white paper issue by the government of Platou state concerning this peace. Coincidentally, all those things that were discussed, it's similar to what we discussed the last time we came. In fact, almost everything is in that report. That's the golden white paper. Unfortunately, that paper has not been implemented. We condemn in strong terms the destructions of farm produce and night graysen. The activities are carried out by some few disgruntled elements among us. Nature should be taken to stop them. Representative of the Platou state government and chairman of the state peace building agency, Joseph Lengman, etched the parties to respect the accord, as the government would do everything within its past to bring last-hand peace to the area. The white paper released by the government in 2015 was indeed instructive in the sense that some of the issues underlying the conflict require policy response. And the government actually took that step, setting the committee, you yourself decided on what needs to be done and the government adopted it. The berums of Platou North have been at loggerheads with the Fulonese since the crisis of September 2001. Lives in property were destroyed and thousands displaced from their original abode.


We are here with the former Chief of Naval Staff, Vishnu Bhagwat, to discuss the Russia-Ukraine War. The news of this war has certainly thrown the world into chaos. But if we think NATO's eastward movement goes back 20 years, and its presence in Ukraine is visible post-2014, or the Maidan coup. So why did Russia start military operations now? It's a very good question for the start, but may I take a few minutes, just two or three minutes, to go into the background, an historical background. Ukraine has existed as a state only after 1775, though it was and has been and remains the heart of Russia. The culture, the spirit, the religion, the language, in what was then loosely described as Kiv Rus and Russia is Rus, actually. So that's where it started off from. Before that it was under the Ottoman Empire, and when the Ottoman Empire started weakening, Zarina Catherine made Ukraine into a state as a part of Rus or Russia. So Ukraine is roughly the same age as a state as the United States of America, roughly, almost a few years apart. Secondly, at that point of time, and this is now 250 years, at that point of time, the nation state was more loosely defined than it is. But over these years, last 250 years, it became a nation state with the characteristics over what we define as a modern nation state. After 1917, October Revolution in Russia, while there was a civil war, etc., Ukraine was constituted as a Ukraine Soviet Socialist Republic. Now it's interesting to know that at the same time almost, Crimea was also what are known as the autonomous Oblast. Oblast is region, a region usually smaller than the state, and therefore it was never a part of Ukraine as is claimed by latter, by today, by people, by few people. And I must explain here that in the context of the claims of Crimea, as well as the position of Russia today, that Crimea being an Oblast in 1954, Khrushchev was the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. And for administrative reasons as well as certain sentimental reasons, I would say cultural and otherwise, the Oblast, the Crimean Oblast was integrated into the Ukraine Republic, Soviet Socialist Republic. However, it must be noted that Russian language is common to Ukrainians and Crimeans, as well as to Russia of course, and Ukrainians in any case are intermarried and culturally together, and their intercourse is so diverse and so widespread that it is a bit of a paradox that Ukraine should claim itself to separate from. And not only separate as we will see in the course of this interview discussions, that they have decided to find a commonality with NATO, which is the military arm of the US and Europe against the fundamental core and security interests of Russia. It is, I don't want to bring in any other country in this kind, there is a historical precedence for this kind of conduct, but I don't want to be that. So, we've got that situation and it is in 2014, that is eight years ago, that the US intelligence and US State Department, in fact, the US administration worked for, organized a coup, it's nothing short of a coup because there was no democratic process, and we know it is called as the Maidan coup, and openly factions of forces which are related to Stipan Bandera, who was a deviant in World War II, and sided with, always a compledo, basically joined Germany in its Nazi offensive on the Soviet Union. But it's not simply that, it is that these forces of the Maidan coup, on which Reims and Reims has been written, were so highly organized that the successor president to Yanukovych, who was actually driven out, have, you can say on an everyday basis, transformed, tried to transform the character of Ukraine, and basically they are now guided and advised, not only in situ in Kiev and Ukraine, parts of Ukraine, but actually have got, one can say they are, they've acted as a puppet regime and nothing is done in Kiev, without the advice, consent of the United States administration. So, that is the recent background, but that could have been left about, we will come to a wider question, which I will return to later, as to why is it that Russia has acted in this manner, in the manner of a intervention, which is loosely described as a war, because this is, as yet, Israeli not a war, it's a intervention, and it's a intervention for which so many precedences have been quoted, like for example, they break up, breaking up of Yugoslavia in Europe, without United Nations Security Council approval or resolution, and what they did with that country, united as it was, strong as it was, it broke it up in through, by very similar methodologies, or both financial as well as subversion in full swing. So, you have asked, I will come return to your main question, and that is, how is it that, whether Russians sleeping, the same fact is that in 2000, as you know, there was another kind of capture of the so, erstwhile Soviet Union, by what I described as a political capitulation of the Soviet Union, by just two main actors, Gorbachev and Yeltsin, acting in concert, yet to the world, they appeared to be contending forces, now why is that, because subversion is a milder word for reason, but that can happen to any state, and at that time the Soviet Union, contrary to what has been propagandized, was a very strong state, militarily, politically it was, it had factions in the Politburo, in the party, and its topmost leadership seemed to have eaten the forbidden fruit. So, what happened at that time, what happened, is it that, it was merely a change of regime change, no it was much more than that, because it was being controlled from the United States, and this has been documented in books like, in the highest places by Beschloss, and Stobt-Ralbic, but it was a complete plunder, a plunder with no other scene, a loot with no other scene, a loot of all the wealth of Russia in enterprises, factories, that was built over the period of many years, since the revolution in particular, all looted and stashed away abroad, both oligarch through the banking system, and through physical presence in the, in Russia, the new Russia, at that time there was a, before just before this there was a referendum, and in that referendum most of the constituent republics voted to stay on in the Union, but again a different picture has been projected as far as the media and the world is concerned. Now what happened then, they was, if one can use the word atta chaos, atta anarchy, the institutions of the state had been dismembered, damaged, subverted, and they were nothing to hold the Russia, except one Yeltsin and his, then the people around him, again advised by the American, the Americans are actually present, surprising people what accepted, were there in the Ministry of Defense, the Americans were there in all major state enterprises including defense enterprises, now how do you call it a regime case, how do you say that there was a change, because this was being run, the Russian state was being run again on the advice and consent of its US advisors, when I say US, I am not again going to repeat the word CIA, because that's oft repeated word, but it's common sense that it was, so it became a weaker and weaker and weaker state, maybe there were elements in the security apparatus who knew the entire background, and they decided that we have to wait for a suitable time, and it was only in 1998 and 1999 that Yeltsin by the grace of God, if one can say was chosen or selected to be the prime minister first, even though he very reluctant as he's gone on record to say, and then became the president of the, president of Russia, but then he was not the elected president of Russia, and he had the background, because he's got a legal background, and a very fine understanding of the political system of the world, he had to wait for actual election as the president of Russia, in the meanwhile he had to tackle the oligarchs, who had more or less captured all the levers apart, they had captured all the finances, even the central bank was under the guidance of World Bank, not very different from what happened in India in May 1991, and the World Bank and IMF compelled us, and we willingly signed the structural adjustment program, and the structural adjustment, which is virtually hand over the entire character, constitution, aims and objectives as given in the constitution of India, to a foreign organization, but it's happened in a slow motion in India, and continuing of course, that's another story, but the extent of the loop, the extent of the deprivation of the people, the extent of degradation of women, children and elderly people of Russia is unprecedented, though China of course, came that they also had gone through their century of humiliation or period of humiliation, so here was a person virtually catapulted into position, and the first challenge that he had to face was the very existence of Russia, because Chechnya became a hotbed of intrigue, of insurgency, of violence, of foreign mercenaries, from all over the place, from Middle East, that is Central Asia, Saudi Arabia, et cetera, and he had to battle that, he had to win it, because these were terrorists, but they were actually let loose, it's like letting loose, which is happening again in Ukraine. Well, he was, I would say his judgment was good, he selected local leaders, who had had long association with the Soviet Union, where they fought for their country, I've been to Dagestan, so I know better about that, and finally the Chechen insurgency or violence was defeated, and he became more stable, even then you will say that okay, then after that why didn't he take care of Ukraine, knowing that what was happening in Ukraine, also politically, militarily, and anti-Russian activity, if I may say, were being coordinated, well Russia was simply not strong enough, and if we can draw an example, you see Afghanistan was occupied, invaded occupied, and remained occupied for 20 years, but neither China nor Russia, China of course, was having its own honeymoon with the United States, at that point of time, and Russia was too weak to intervene in Afghanistan, it was too weak to intervene in Iraq, even though again Iraq was outside the Security Council, and on made up reasons, on fake reasons of what is known as the dossier, the chemical weapons dossier, which is a complete fake, has been proved, but they could not intervene, they saw the injustice, because Russia knew Iraq like the palm of its hand, they had been working with Iraq for many years in oil, in the field of energy, in the field of military defense supplies, et cetera, but they could not intervene, that was followed again by Libya, the attack on Libya, a very, very progressive welfare state led by Khan Gaddafi, who founded the African banking system, who founded the African welfare scheme, joined up, became a leader, but insisted that, like President Saddam, insisted that he shall deal only with the golden dinar, and not with the dollar. The whole thing turned on the dollar, because dollar is the centipede, and continues to be the centipede now, we might come to the conclusion, this is the dollar issue, which is triggered of many years, the defense of the dollar, which is petro dollar, which is so important, so it could not do anything, then this followed it up with Syria, of course the Syrians, by that time Russia was becoming stronger, and by about 2012, 2013, 14, they came to the aid of Syria, with whom they had enjoyed very, very strong relations for a long time, and the Syrian people and the Russian people have certain affinities of being a civilizational force. Now, they followed with the Yemen, they followed it in Sudan, they followed it in Somalia, everywhere around the world, I am not talking about Latin America, I am not talking about Asia, even in this area, the Americans had their way, the hegemony of the Americans, and it is not that the Americans do everything on the spur of the moment. So, again we come back and I will go back a little, in 2018, in spite of tremendous amount of dialogue, communication with Ukraine, certain complementarities in their economy, the Rand report of 2019, which is a seminal document, it is a seminal document, said that they are over, they will do everything in multiple strategies, to over extend and imbalance Russia, not only in the Ukrainian sense, overall in the world, in this way they were, they were determined, because they had, I am sorry I missed a point, they are very lucky thing occurred for Russia, very lucky thing, while the Americans insisted that due to denuclearization of Ukraine, they thought Russia is in our pockets, and therefore, we can, we can postpone it little by little, we get busy and sort out Iraq, Afghanistan, Syria, Libya, the whole world, they, it is something which is not explained in any American document, so far available in the public domain, but they went easy on the issue of denuclearization of Russia, they had set a date earlier of 2010, by which Russia was to be denuclearized, that means all its nuclear capabilities, whether of uranium enrichment, or the assembly of weapons, or the missile program, ICBM program, etcetera, they went in, they went in for number of treaties, which they have renegade on only in recent months, but that is another issue, so Putin, coming back to President Putin, if I may say, I do not want to over emphasize, Putin is the President of Russia, so therefore, one has to name him, because he has got all the executive authority in Russia, he went actually on a charm offensive, what I call a charm offensive, very nice to the US President, he was very nice to everybody in the West, of course he did form a kind of a friendship, but friendship did not come above the state with Angela Merkel, but that is another story, Macron with the predecessor, he was playing game, it is only in 2007, that he shocked the western ladies and gentlemen, at Munich Security Conference, and that is the time, if I am committed to quote his words, amongst his lecture speech at Munich, he said, however, what is a unipolar world, one might embellish this term, the unipolar world, but at the end of the day, it refers to one type of situation, namely one center of authority, one center of decision making, it is a world in which there is one master and one sovereign, and at the end of the day, this is pernicious, not only for all those within the system, but also for the sovereign himself, because it destroys itself from within, when the audience which consists of the President, Prime Minister, Foreign Minister, the whole decision making of the West, what West had arrogated itself, by Munich Security Conference, the conference is a polite word for discussing security of Europe, but it is at that time that this whole evolving picture, that Afghanistan is our responsibility, it was said by Tony Blair's advisor, saying that Afghanistan is our responsibility, remains our responsibility, it is not a state, it is not, Afghan people do not exist for all practical purposes, the same kind of evolution of NATO was taking place, and in fact NATO has already arrived in Afghanistan, what was NATO doing in Afghanistan, it is only 300 miles from Delhi, how is it the great country like India which is non-aligned, never spoke one word about the, in fact was ready to contribute divisions and air bases during Vajpayee's time as Prime Minister, if you recall, and the chiefs of staff of the Indian military were all in competition to give those people the shit or actual use facility in Adampur, in Ambala, in Kashmir to these people, the American forces, in Vietnam to support when they got very untidy with Pakistan, and they said, we will reduce you to a stonage, Pakistan was acting a little too tough with them, and Pakistan has actually been a vessel state of the United States for long, long years, so you can see how NATO, and then after Afghanistan, there was no end to this, because people accepted the project for the new American century, it meant that everybody will fall in line, we will create a war on terror, but actually it is a war of terror, because the greater terrorists, the greatest state terrorism was the sovereign himself, so we have to understand, we have to appreciate what was happening in the correlation of forces in the world, what Russian language in the Soviets or the Russians have translated that term from Sir Atnashenye seal, seal is force, Sir Atnashenye is relative, the relative relation of forces in the world, or the relative balance supper, there was no balance supper, it was just one sided, because that is the project for the new American century, and everybody here, all academics here, in fact even people like, this is off the topic a little bit, K. Subramaniam, who is regarded as a great strategist, who I know, who I knew very well, said that when you buy arms from the US, you not only buy arms, you buy a relationship, a security relationship, and he gave the example of Saudi Arabia, because he was charged by the VJP government at that point of time to produce a strategic, strategy paper 2020, and in that you can see Subramaniam, who was a respected person, and as earlier years, he was for independent India, was openly encouraging and saying, in the official document, that we have to have a similar relationship to the US as Saudi Arabia, I mean it is beyond my understanding, that is not the point. So, you can see Putin, and at that end, Hu Jintao, who is the chairman of China, the Chinese party, playing for time, they had realized the folly of aligning themselves by the most favored nation treaty, becoming kind of a NATO of the East, all kinds of things happened in those from 1971 onwards, but there was a realization, that China is too big to be catching the little finger of the United States, and China's strength was increasing by the kind of diverse strategies of socialism, as well as outright capitalism, with the adopted Chinese socialism, with the socialism with Chinese characteristics, we off the mark. So, it was only around 2012, also I forgot a big part, that in 2004, Russia or Russia and China concluded their very acrimonious past, political as well as border, boundaries, border of the country, in an agreement with China. So, that was the starting point of the Russia-China, what shall I say, reconciliation, and coming to the realization together for different reasons, that they had a person, they had a, they had an adversary, who was not only out to compete with them, competition is a very polite word, out to make sure that they stayed where they were, and did not come up to challenge the hegemony of the United States. So, it is that time about 2012, the say changing situation in Syria, where the Russians and the Syrians cooperated as a very, very, very, in a very close relationship, to drive the terrorists, ISIS and all kinds of, of tasks of the ISS, out of Syria, finally about in 2017, 2017. So, here was a realization, that they cannot allow this world to be run by this one sovereign, both the countries realized, that both the countries had a complementary, complementary economy, they need for energy, they need for high military technology, they need for different alignment against, against the oppressor, against the person who was trying to stop them, there and then, and that is the time Russia had also organized itself into rebuilding, regenerating, redoing the state apparatus, and its defense in machinery and defense effort in a particular way, that they came across, they saw a clear lead in Russia's developing a variety of hypersonic missile systems, which are unparalleled, which are unmatched, which cannot be defended against, that realization took a little time and some people thought that Russia is adopting an aggressive stand, but actually not, it is the American military apparatus, the Pentagon which realized, that they have been left without defenses, and it is either now or never, it is either now or never and that too, also through proxy state, in a slow kind of subversion and military attack and, and I said over extending and unbalancing Russia, that this whole thing had started coming to a head, they had walked out of the ABM treaty, anti-balancing missile treaty, they walked out of the INF, they walked out of the Star Wars space treaty, the Russia, America had never signed the space treaty, but they did walk out of it, then the NATO had been extending itself eastwards right through Poland, Hungary, Romania, whatever all the Eastern European states, all over the place, when they, when they realized that they were, they had no defenses against hypersonic missiles and, because they wanted to threaten Russia with placements of missile systems like the Tomahawk, which has got two variants, conventional as well as nuclear warheads, and the flight time of Tomahawks placed around the borders of Belarusia and Russia, is only three to five minutes to Moscow, while the flight time of normal US intercontinental ballistic missile is 30 minutes, which gives you enough time to evaluate the threat, to respond, to bring your system to the highest state of readiness, and to respond as deemed appropriate by the defending military, that is the Russian military, when this happened that Putin has described this as building missiles, bases on his doorstep at his porch, you tell me a nation which has lost 30 million, to be precise 20 million, 8 million and deads, 28 to 30 million in, in injury in main people, which are sometimes worse than people who died there past the way, destruction of 3,000 towns, destruction of almost the entire countryside, destruction right up to the gates of Urals, west of Urals, and to Leningrad, to Stalingrad, you know all that, a nation which has lost that, no nation lost, it took the brunt of the 80 percent of the military strength of the Nazi, of Nazi Germany, 80 percent of the air force, 80 percent of the tanks, 80 percent of other military hardware, and they are the ones who liberated Europe, most of Europe was liberated right up to Berlin, which is more than half of Germany, old Germany, in addition the west in document form now, this is not known because they had kept this away, in document form signed saying that the NATO will not be extended eastward in exchange for the reunification of Germany, by thanks to Garbachev, in that they have gone back on, they claim that they don't know, they don't reply these questions, they don't allow them to bring it to the public domain, that is also emerge, but the crucial months that emerged were the months of December, January, and February, prior to this intervention on 24th of February, which is announced by President Putin, now what happened these two documents, the treaties the draft treaties or agreements were forwarded at the highest levels to both Europe, NATO, actually NATO headquarters, Stalin Berg is there and Washington DC to the president of the United States, you know such a serious attempt at peace, at cooperative relations in accordance with the charter of the United Nations, such a serious effort to bring about peace, so that everybody can you know there is a peace dividend, such a serious attempt to define that security is indivisible that it is mutual security that counts, even that has been treated like a piece of paper and they have not bothered to reply till to date, they made some perfectly non-substantive responses at the level of the Secretary of State and so on, so forth have been, while even a person like William Burns, who was ambassador he is very well associated with the Indo-American civilian nuclear treaty or agreement, he had marked as a younger officer in the embassy in Russia, in Moscow that this is a red line for Russia, you cannot cross, you cannot allow NATO to keep on pushing, keep on pushing till it come to their nose, the water comes to their nose, so this is the background what happened in December, even then the Russians held their peace, they thought somewhere there something will happen, but they did not know that Zelensky is not an independent player, everything that he says, everything that he does, everything that is from there is, cannot be contrary to the advice from his patrons, you know that 2014 coup itself was supervised, monitored finance and controlled by Victoria Newland, who was then working for the state and she funded the whole thing and she admitted it on video and tape on face that this, yes we did that, so we have come to this situation and there was obviously though the Chinese have stated that correctly that we do stand for the sovereignty of all nations, we do stand for the respect of all nations we stand for peace, we stand for you, but there is a certain tacit understanding in my understanding that China will stand with Russia, in spite of all the efforts at trying to separate them, because separate they do not stand, they will they won't live, together they will stand, so then what happened, then three or four very crucial intelligence matters came somewhere near the public domain as articulated by President Putin in his address to the nation and to the military separately on 24th of February last, that is just 20 days ago, 21 days ago and he said one which has not been, which has been wiped out completely that the President Zelensky had actually articulated the aspirations of Ukraine to be a nuclear weapons state, now this is not no way as it mentioned in the Indian media, no way as it mentioned in any public discourse, because it is uncomfortable for them to understand can you imagine it doesn't mean as aspiration mean that they will build a nuclear technology to be a weapons there is no time for that, they will either allow, which of course they would allow in NATO, they have no option or taken most of the almost what you call one screw driver turned away from the nuclear weapons and put them at pre-position sites on the borders of Belarus as well as Russia that is the state, can anybody allow that, nobody can allow it, pointing a gun at your soldiers, so that is the, there are many straws that broke the cameras back in this case, the second straw or the second critical point were these people had built a chain of bio warfare labs which are completely controlled, in fact the President had no choice, he could not make a statement, he could not he could not oppose, he he he it was not true, it was all this work was to be done secretly and had been done secretly to develop pathogens and deadly bio warfare agents both for use against their own population that is in Donbass, that is in eastern Ukraine for which they were bound to do the otherwise under the Minsk agreement and if I may divert President Zelensky has said that he does not agree with a single point in the Minsk agreement then how do you negotiate, how do you sit, how do what how does one deal with Ukraine, the Americans do not want to deal with Russia on this, the Ukrainian president who is lawfully he is the legal president of the Ukraine, he does not want to deal with the Minsk agreement, that means he nullifies the Minsk agreement that is a great provocation because it was agreed after and signed on by all the leaders of Europe and America and everywhere and Ukraine itself, so there is a third one, so here were pathogens to be released into Russia into the cities, into the into fighting formation and you can see the chaos that would be executed because apart from all the Wuhan virus Wuhan virus which has been shouted around the world, the fact is that the mother of all laboratories in the world is the Fort Detrick Library and it is 50, 60 years old, it had people from Nazi Germany to assist America in developing the bio warfare, there is nothing there is no other word except Fort Detrick on that, they have got a chain of laboratory but they want to now have laboratory all over the world so that the blame does not come to them, so there was the second one, third was the NATO, if NATO if Ukraine was to become a member of the NATO, then the large amount of military obligations fall on it, legal military avenues or roads which would allow NATO to come right up to the borders of Russia, which Russia has already said for 20 years, 25 years that these are red lines, you cannot come here, we will not celebrate it and again reiterated in there negotiating documents with they forward in December to Europe and to the United States so we have got this provocation, apart from that they are lesser ones, they are lesser ones and that is the use of mercenaries, there are mercenaries of the same type that have been visiting Syria, they are visiting of the same type which were there in Chechnya and how do you expect any state forget Russia to allow such a development take place, when you know yourself that India has been taking a very tough time irrespective of political parties with respect to Pakistan based terrorists outfits, whether in JNK or elsewhere, so this is not a this is a very serious matter other minors, I would say relatively minor issues were the release of all weapons in the arsenals to the people of and that means including the crooks, including the azaw battalion, thirdly fourthly the the distribution of short range shoulder back shoulder pack mounted anti aircraft weapons civilian aircraft weapons military aircraft weapons to people at large, now what does it mean it means there is a chaos in the airspace not only in Ukraine but in the neighboring areas also and the final, final straw even though I said that was the first straw that broke the lines back here is the Donetsk is the Donbas which was they had the Ukraine government had assembled 40,000 of their troops out of they don't have very large army on with tanks guns every conceivable weapon to carry out a full-scale large offensive that's the time previous to that the families had been moved out of Donbas to execute it at each hour on 25th of February and this address of the then Putin is on 24th of February so here was something of eminence and what the Americans have been always talking about pre-emptive defense as their you know Iraq is pre-emptive defense today Iraq is 7000 kilometers from there but they have the right to defend pre-emptive but Russia has no right at all to defend itself I am not saying I am not for people like me are not for legally for sort of moderating or looking over the shoulders on this issue of doctrine of pre-emptive defense but please tell me when you have intelligence documents which have got the operational orders to the Yazov battalions who are nothing but Nazis and integrated into the National Guard to say that on 25th at HR they will carry out that full-scale offensive they had been carrying out as you know from United Nations report which officially states that the number of people civilians, children women, elderly people is 14000 from 2014 then are you going to allow that offensive to take place so he gives the order for special military operations I think that is I may not possible for me to cover everything but I have tried to give you a background of for people to understand why is it that Russia had to wait for 20 years as you said or for even 8 years if you are charitable for this action to be initiated it is not a declaration of war the people of the civilian people will be protected only military targets military assets will be attacked there could be one or two cases either self-instricted wounds or otherwise of certain civilian deaths but that is not the aim, objective, unstated or stated of the Russian military as far as President Putin's directive is concerned


and humane architecture. And we're broadcasting in times of post-pandemic productions until we here representing the built environment have been thinking about us and that indoor spaces aren't that easy anymore. No outdoors unless we behave, but we never know about other people. So we got excited about indoor open spaces and they're traditionally called courtyard or atriums and we're on a total volume eight show series of that one and this is year number seven. And I'm happy to say we have our dream team together, our triumvirate here broadcasting from three different locations in the world. Me near Brooksport, Germany, my co-host, to sort of round back in Hawaii, to solo. Good day, everybody. Call by now more than a guest than our additional co-host. That is at the feeling towards a long-term friend and business partner, Ron Lindgren, back in your Long Beach, California. Hi, Ron. Hello, good to have you back. So let's go to the first slide and I have to say if our show is good for anything, it's pretty much to reflect on. So if you watch them, mostly we think about what we haven't said and what we forgot. And that's a good thing. So here that week, our guest was tropical David Watwood. And he was sharing his visions for Hawaii, as well as for his fellow tropical paradise in Vietnam. And shame on me, sorry for that. I listed up to now, which is probably even better for you, Ron, to share your very obvious connection to that paradise as well. And that's what we see there in large in you, Ron, back then. So tell us about your time in Vietnam and also your architectural experience. Yes, that photograph of me is when I was an impossibly young 27-year-old naval ensign in a CB battalion, based in Denand, Vietnam, where David Rockwood has been doing some homes. Of course, my work with the CB, in terms of architecture, was pretty much limited to light wood framing, some plywood, some insect screen, and sandbags. And even though I was bragging about having a master's degree from MIT before being drafted into the military, that sort of school experience might not go so far in terms of the little story at the belt. Our CB base was at the base of a mountain. On the other side of the mountain, there was a tremendous amount of enemy activity, hundreds and hundreds of people passing through at night. So I was asked to design a fortress up in a notch in the mountains with two machine guns looking out on that group of enemy. We were out of sandbags. But of course, we had all the sand in the world at the coast of Vietnam. So this being said, well, why can't we just hide plywood panels together with wires, hold the panels apart and sell them with sand? That'll make a massive rejection. Well, thank God when the enemy actually did some charging up the mountain during the dead offensive, the four guys that were in there got out of there before a rocket propelled grenade hit it. Those wires were already under such tension that when the RPG explosion occurred, the fortress completely disappeared and we scattered around for hundreds of yards.  So we learned and you learned in real world experience rather than just being taught in MIT. And I think that goes to show how real world experience makes a very big difference. And the other thing that we can say about the slide that we're looking at right now, one of the, on the bottom right, is a reference to presidents. And presidents, we did a show a long time ago, Martin and I, about presidents who had been here in Hawaii, most of whom had just visited. But we know that President Carter and his wife actually lived here when he was in the Navy in late 40s in early 1950s. And he is an admirable person for continuing to pursue his work in Habitat for Humanity, even as a very elderly man and with various physical ailments. He still participates in constructing homes for people who need homes. And that's kind of what the Rockwood structure is trying to do in Vietnam too, is to use different materials, but also make homes for people. So with that presidential connection, we're gonna be referencing some other significant people in Maine and Martin, do you wanna get us to with our next slide? Yeah, but before we do, I have to say, Ron, you and Jimmy really for me represent the best of America and the reason why I'm happy to have become American as well. You guys aged well in grades, and that's true for your architecture and as well for you as people. So my highest appreciation for that. And yes, to Soto, we have another reference that gets us a little bit back to the island, that's right, we did a show about Megaman PI and its relationship to island architecture. And so Megaman obviously, you told me to Soto that they just continued the original Wi-Fi O to kind of repurpose the studio in your portrayals of Diamond Head to basically install Megaman PI, right? Tom Selleck was depicting basically that sort of social health challenge of you guys Ron having been coming back, but different than in the past where they were just shown as broken people and having a lot of attention deficit to the order from which for sure they have, they tried a different angle. That was very interesting. And I told you guys and it made you laugh, but sort of the laugh got stuck in your throat as well because German TV when it was first broadcasting then and translating it, they censored it because they thought there was too much for Germans, the whole heavy kind of background so they kind of shortcutted it. And only when they kind of re-showed it in private TV they showed the whole thing. So that's very interesting. So Tom Selleck in Megaman PI let's go to the next slide. Different than the current reboot which the Soto and you and I were analyzing it sort of the virtual and fictitious setting that doesn't exist, the house he's living in was she in this point because she's a woman now. Sorry, Megaman is a guy still, but Higgins is a woman. But anyway, where they live, I think where we, she Higgins lived is the fictional house, the computer rendered house. While way back the house was real, they were shooting it and that was on the way to Waimanado at the beginning of Waimanado and you see the side here. And you've been keeping me up on pace and sharing with me that we've been already PIing and we're spreading the rumors that Obama talking president. And by the way, people vote, right? I mean, all the people we've talked about now are examples of what to reconnect to. So in the last few weeks, people go and vote. We need to go back to these reconnect to these glorious times we keep talking about, right? Yes, correct. And Obama obviously, you know, being less dramatic for us but also gets some pretty critical press now and it's predict for the bottom picture. You will update us on that one. Well, yeah, this is the site of, this was the original house that was used as the site of the Higgins home and where Thomas Magnum supposedly lived in the original series of Magnum PI and it was originally a private home and they did a great deal of location filming there. And it has now been purchased. The original 1920s or 30s house has been demolished. It's being entirely rebuilt. And unfortunately, it's on the coastline. Obviously, as you can see in the aerial photograph, we are having problems with our rising sea levels, the lack of sand and particularly the construction of retaining walls that prevent the normal migration of sand. And unfortunately, that's a situation here that Barack Obama is being criticized for for the construction of the new structures on this site where one of his houses is going to be a retaining wall that's there. And we also see in the upper corner, in the upper left corner, what was the original guest house on this site reportedly where Thomas Magnum, the character, lived. And that is still standing or still was at the time this picture was taken. And so Martin was pointing out, we wonder what's going to happen to it and wouldn't it be nice if it was used for housing homeless people, of which there are unfortunately a great many in this neighborhood, in this part of the world? Yeah, so dear President, please listen to us. And we refer to the top rise as pretty as shows where we were sharing how he grew up. A lot of modest and with his grandma in a very nice, mid-century modern apartment building. So, Cipriano House School. So hopefully he remembers that, how it is to live humble and rather simple. And so hopefully he then shares with this, which gets us to the next slide, which were the increasingly critical population on the islands because this is just a couple of feet down the road from where he will reside.  So we were thinking what could we do for these people which gets us to the next slide. And we've been shedding a light on that here and there in the past couple of shows that we want to dig a little deeper and give you a little bit more comprehensive view of that. The project is called the Cargo Corgias Cabanas. They've been using shipping containers, lining them up in the row in a very sort of militaristic marching order way to review and always kindly call for a humanist and humane commission in spreading them out by their width, which is eight feet. So you automatically very much along the lines of the All-American sales pitch of buying one and got one free, you get it's basically 320 because the container is 40 by eight, which is a mass 320 indoor space plus that's for free outdoor space of the same kind. Well, let's go to the next slide and look at the project a little closer and I invite you guys to chip in because I'm obviously familiar because I've been developing it with the emerging generation but this is a chance to have respect with peers, judges and look at it is. So you guys please chip in and tell us how you feel about it. Yeah, I'd like to say it shows the courtyard. Yes, Ron. Yeah, I'd like to say that I've had a chance to study these seven or eight or nine slides of this concept and it just struck me when I looked at it that yes, this would be wonderful options for the homeless and the dispossessed at one end of the social and economic scale but someone ought to build this on an outer island for those maybe the 1% who love to go glamping. This kind of project would make an amazing glamping experience and then it could be a model for how that in turn could be turned into something for our dispossessed and homeless. Great, we will very much consider that. Let's go to the next slide here. Which is again, you see me, I've been taking that hopefully it's just the cold and not the other big thing here but you see me bundled up here in my sweater and shirt and another shirt underneath. So I have a cold, hopefully only because of the cold. So I know why I always say, you should have your outdoor shower. So you see that next to me here. The outdoor shower is just a must for me and then also creating privacy. We're cutting like an opening three fifth into the container side and because the cold yard is already supported by a family of the neighboring container and the tourists. All you need is a rocking shower curtain that's water resistance that you can pull closed to keep the rain out a little bit more but you don't need much more. So we're talking again, very low budget, low key as what we're proposing. We polemically call this the 3,000 mother home because that's what the cost of the huge shipping container is and again, you buy one, you get one free and that's the raw cost construction that sounds very attractive and then you need to obviously add and customize it more. But again, if you're having a rainwater catchment and a tank on your roof and you can feed your shower with it, that's what we're suggesting. Let's go to the next slide. And yeah, you may, I think Ford is still there here than kind of the bird's-eye view on the chair, the observation. Solo might have been kicked out here so I guess it's just wrong. You and me. So this is showing the bird's-eye view here of the containers, showing again that the space in between is as important as the space inside because in Hawaii, you could be outside all the time if you would want to, watch when I visit myself and my self-experiment and the like if you grant having the geology and the sliding doors open all the time and you spend some significant time on the island as well, Ron and I know you're an outdoor fan and you can share with us your bicycling from the heart of Waikiki out there to the Kahala when you were renovating it, right? So us, how is it? Maybe it's the outdoors and the beauty of Hawaii more as you would see if you would be more there, right? When I see this aerial shot of the eight steel containers, I can see two where a portion of the top of the containers could be a sun deck and it could just be an ordinary wooden ladder that creates the access because the courtyards themselves will be wonderfully cool and shady for most of the day, but around noon, one could climb up at one end of the top of a container and suddenly have a broader view over the property and catch some rays. Well, that's great.  We are referring to your show about your own house because that's what you guys have been doing, the garage, you know, you've been utilizing the top of your garage to make an additional outdoor open to the sky, open courtyard, right? So then, here's your recommendation. And that's how it stops basically here. You need to stay cool in the containers. So we're staying here. We pass out some roof membranes and then we encourage the dwellers to build own green roofs, shove up some dirt there and growth stuff and they would do, which you see in my background picture, you see that green stuff to my right. It's also the neighboring container that's gonna be a green wall that you have to cultivate and you gotta keep it green because it's gonna make you stay cool. And that's kind of the key. I mean, people are sort of engaged and it's kind of a participatory process. Let's go to the next slide, which shares with us another aspect. We need private indoor space. We need private outdoor space as we were doing a pitch and a series of shows here. But we also need compelling collectives and public outdoor gathering spaces. And so here, you can see that the front of basically the container and what you will get is kind of an irritation. It's a little bit like new cons, but it's a little bit of an eschewing power to where what you see is not exactly what you get or what you would expect it to be. So here where the container doors are is actually the courtyard because the container doors are swing open to enclose the courtyard. And what you see there where they're sitting is the opening on the end of the container and we entered it, it wouldn't let us at the bench. So people wouldn't basically sit outside in their architecture. And if you go to the next slide, we're having potentially the situation of a little community where you have that street and you got this sequence of solids and voids and then the voice, you can basically sit. So this is where grandma and chaps, where kids can play. You would have to add some additional shading and trees just like you guys have been demonstrating so well on the Long Beach University campus ride where foliage is a real key. So you would have to add that as well. But overall a very kind of a playful and pleasant situation. And go to the next slide. Us talking politicians, we really would have hoped that Dwayne de Rock Johnty would have, you know, keeping his nomination up for president and must be featuring an encouragement to the next time. And then there is another guy up there who's real name is Patrick and on this that we know him more as Bruno Mars and he actually grew up in out on the streets with his father just like Dwayne de Rock was with a single mom and they were living on two dollars. So they know what it means to try to make it on the island with little. And so I think your suggestion to maybe, you know, knock on their doors and saying, you know, let's be something along the lines that you were saying and once it's established, maybe they could become advocates and mentors for a program to have these, you know, move out onto the islands and create little communities. So let's go to the next slide. Ron, you have been on campus briefly around the National of the Gomomo Symposium and you basically walked from the architecture school to Eastwood Center by IMPAY, which I know you appreciated a lot. And I wish, you know, I could have presented you my school the way we see it here because that's how it would have been if, for instance, Oda campus architect at that time wouldn't have made John R do what we currently find. And that would have been this one here, pushing actually the building out of the central essence of the Quad so the Quad was open to the streets given an entrance. And the building itself being comprised of a multitude of courtyard single-loaded corridor, orientation fine facing south at the bottom of the rendering. And doesn't that sound very much like it reminds me of what you guys have been doing on your campus in Long Beach, Ron? Yes, my boss had the opportunity of being the master planner at a campus that's now 35,000 students. And because he was there for over 40 some years, which was a record in educational history, he was able to design and build buildings or direct other architects to design and build buildings through a master plan that involved, to a great extent, courtyard. But those courtyards had to be beautifully landscaped spaces that provided access from place to place in this very large campus. Thanks much, Ron. So let's move on to the next slide here, and which is getting to the end of the show but we're now basically sharing our experiences with courtyards in the next show. It's gonna be you to Soto and you work environment and this one here is me. Do you recall the project with Soto? Okay, so this is the preschool that you did in Germany. And as I remember, this was one of the first projects you worked on, is that correct? Yeah, that's right. Okay, and the thing that struck me here was, and you just explained this before the show, that when this was built, the client originally wanted there to be a big fence or wall around the property and you didn't want to agree to that and you didn't like that. And what you instead did was to set the school facade back from the street. You said it was a distance of about 15 feet. And then that allowed you to build this open entry courtyard that we see in the big picture. But it's got this very interesting gate which really struck me. The gate is mounted on a central vertical support and then it can pivot. Either it can be completely closed or it can pivot to be at a right angle. When it's at a right angle, it opens. So that courtyard becomes open. So during the school day, as you said, first person in in the morning opens the gate and then the school can welcome its children and or adults if they come in as well. But then at night or when the school is closed, it can be completely shut off with that gate but it still is a, it's a nice clean facade with the brick, mostly opaque facade. But it's got this open space that is, it's not a big fence and it's not off-putting. And as you said, if you install a fence or a big wall, people want to get over that because it's a visual barrier. If it isn't there, then people don't feel that they want to break in and get into something that they can't see. So that was your solution to opening up a courtyard and making this an entry court for the preschool. Absolutely. And with that way, also an homage, Ron, to your guys case study house thinking and philosophy of keeping the houses rather bluntly, you know, opaque towards the street and then opening them up fully towards, you know, the main yard in the back, which is the case with this project here as well. And yeah, as you said, this is a different kind of courtyard. It's kind of a more processional courtyard. It's not the destination, but it's like on the way to the building, you basically, slowly but surely basically, you know, get people in and out. And that gets us to the next slide, which is our final slide here, which gets us back to a project we've been mentioning here and there as well. That's the tropical textile is the working title for the project. It's for once again, for you age. As an alternative to the cargo courtyard cabanas to run, great suggestion would also be which we've been developing it for in Waimanado at the T-car location up the hill to be prototype. And then once they've proven to work, they could venture out down hill and provide the housing for the suburban nomads. This one here was another investigation in providing a sort of a demonstration building for C-tar itself on the backside of the Manoa marketplace here. And it's basically developed together with great specific working on precast with like less campers, a three-dimensional structural grid, three by three by three feet that makes sure that there's never any sun ever hitting the inside. So the horizontal parts of shading to the south, the vertical ones to the west and the east. And it also has a central courtyard in the middle that we see at the very top left. And what we see next to it in the middle top is that the whole structure is basically running over not just the vertical fenestrations but also the horizontal one and it's giving also a shading canopy just like trees do to everything above. An interesting feature is reconnecting back to the art student Dustin Chang is investigating evaporative cooling which only works in our miles and not so humid tropics. And water is, as we said, a traditional feature of all the ancient courtyards of the Greek and the Roman and the Chinese. Here the rainwater of the roof would be channeled through the courtyard and the staircase being part of and that way basically run the storm, runoff water through gabions which are these metal cages that you fill with lava rock and then you filter the water through and it comes out purified. Right. And we were making a funny comment towards the absurdity of things. You wanna share that on this photo? Yeah, you were talking about importing water from France which has been filtered through their volcanic stone in their volcanic region. And the absurd thing is of course that all of the water that we drink from the tap in the Hawaiian islands has already been filtered through volcanic stone even more wonderfully than in France. So why the heck are we bothering to bring it all the way in from Europe when we've got it just here is even better. Absolutely. So perfect closing note and that water we don't wanna buy anymore called Volvic so we have our own volcanic water to make on our island. Right, great. So we're at the end of the show guys looking forward to our conclusion next week where if you guys sharing your wrapping up thoughts about that very timely, you know, architectural typology of courtyards and you the sort of taking us to York and you run looking back and recapping again the project you and your business partner Larry together with your friend and boss at have been doing as far as more urban and more sort of high rise courtyards and atrium. And we look much forward to that one. Can't wait. And until then, as always, stay safe and sound and see you next week. Bye.


This is Hollywood and CBS presenting forecast number four Herbert Marshall directed by Alfred Hitchcock in the first program of a proposed new series entitled suspense Tonight's forecast program ladies and gentlemen represents the ideal form of collaboration Mr. Alfred Hitchcock brilliant English director of such outstanding motion pictures as the 39 steps Rebecca and foreign correspondent was eager to create a very special type of radio drama the suspense story as Narrator and star for his production. He thought at once of the distinguished actor with whom he had been associated in countless British film successes Herbert Marshall Mr. Marshall suggested that they dramatize a certain favorite story of his and that story happened to be the very one mr. Hitchcock had had in mind Mrs. Bella clowns classic in chills the larger The larger is a work of fiction which springs from recorded fact a Story which begins in the year 1888 in London a London terrorized by the fifth in a succession of recent murders It was believed that these deeds were the work of one person a tall gaunt figure in a black in Vanessa Cape carrying a small narrow bag That meager description provided by a highly unnerved witness was the sum total of all that was known of the murderer It was enough however to keep alive and alert the interest of all London Of all those in fine quarters and all those in small grimy houses as for example Ellen Bunting Ellen was no different from all the other middle-aged housewives dwelling in the great city's squalid white chapel district She knew all the known facts of the case as Herbert Marshall will tell you Ellen knew it was quite proper to refer to this wielder of the knife as The Avenger of course Ellen Bunting was far more concerned with her personal problems than with thoughts of the Avenger Yet the case of that strange elusive killer quite often forced all other matters from her mind There was that mad meaningless scheme. He seemed to follow All his victims for example have been women all have been young attractive and oddly enough blonde But Ellen could no more understand the motive for his brutal slashings than could the police This night she and her husband Robert Bunking Sat before their fireplace reading the newspaper account of the latest murder The Avenger had struck again As that an expersed it he might be anybody you might be the fellow you pass on the street It's a terrible thought If only the police had something to go on It looks like that avengers just too quick for him Look, it says here that this girl he got last night was like all the others pretty blonde in there Let's see described by her friends as a very light-hearted girl.  Oh, that's a horrible thought. Well, maybe it's a good thing. She's with her aunt then instead of here London ain't a safe place for any girl right now. Just the same. I can't stop thinking I'll find it'll be to ever beckling You know the daisy seems just as much my own daughter.  We just can't afford it Oh, I know that a little honey. Well, well, maybe we could manage it some way How haven't I script myself off crazy trying to keep us going, but you don't care about that Do you know your daisy is more important to you than I am really really let them sound I can't help if it Don't what are we going to do? Tell me that we'll get along there something will turn up We haven't had a larger for months. Nobody even comes to look at the room anymore Things will work out. Oh, they ain't never going to work out. So we won't even have a roof over our heads and Oh, I'm sorry Robbie. I I didn't mean to take on It's all right. I didn't think it. It's just that I've been so worried.   I'll see you Come on. Let's see a smile. Come on. Just have one Who do you suppose that could be visitors I wanting Do you think it's somebody looking for rooms? Well, it might be want me to go to the door. No, I'll go You just stay here. Yes. All right. Now be sure you get a good look at a reason for you. Let them in here I'm coming. Oh, I do hope it's Hmm. Yes, sir Is it not true that you let lodgings? Yes, sir Won't you come in sir? Thank you. Could I could I take your cape sir? There's no need Now I am I'm looking for a quiet room. It must be quiet. Oh, we have that there above all our house is quiet Your bags are me. I take it. No, I'll hold it It'll be so good as to show me the room, please. Oh, yes. Yes, sir. It's right up these stairs This way. Thank you You see sir, there's just my husband and me here and we're ever so quiet and I'm sure you'll find this room to your liking sir Here we are Now I'll just like the guy There Very good. It is pleasant, isn't it sir? And there's not many rooms with such pretty pictures are there now. We've had them in the family for years Pictures interest me very little You see what really impresses me about the room is the very simplicity of it the um, the bareness Yes, sir. It's not at all crowded. It will be quite suitable. Mrs. Buntings. Mrs. Bunting. You see, I do a great deal of studying in my book here The Holy Bible. Yes, sir. Please let me help with your luggage. No, don't touch it Oh, but I only wish to you only wish to help of course. You must forgive me Mrs. Bunting. It's just that I I'm so very weary. Of course, sir. He bringeth them to their desired haven Beautiful words, Mrs. Bunting. Indeed they are sir. And now at last I have found my haven of rest Yes, sir, then then you'll be taking the room. Let us see now What are you going to charge me with attendance mind? I shall be staying in most of the time and I should be wanting meals Oh, we can see to that then does 30 shillings a week suit you Why yes, sir. Yes, sir. That will be quite all right. Good, and I shall pay you in advance. My name is Mrs. Bunting. Mr. Sleuth. S-L-E-U-T-H. Think of a hound of Mrs. Bunting, and you'll never forget my name 23, 24 30, 30 shillings. Thank you, sir. And I think I should enjoy a little light supper now, Mrs. Bunting Bread and butter perhaps. Could you arrange that? Well, certainly sir. I'll do that now and if you'd be requiring any beer or spirit Certainly not. Oh, sir. What did I say? I thought you understood me, Mrs. Bunting, and I had hoped that you and your husband were abstainers But we are, sir. We don't keep nothing about. I would have had to go out and... Of course, of course. Oh, I'm sorry, Mrs. Bunting I fear I spoke sharply. I don't wish you to be rude. After all you You've been so kind, considerate. I hope I know a gentleman when I see one. Thank you. Thank you very much Now I'll just hurry with your supper. Did he take the room? Don't bother me now. I have to get him some supper. What did you mean? Come to the kitchen where he won't hear us. He took it early? He took the room? Yes. We're all right now. Thirty shillings. A week in advance. Oh, it's wonderful. Wonderful. Anything to see what this means? Yes, you can have Daisy now Yes. Here Bunting, we'll warm that tea pot and put some tea leaves in it. Righto, righto. Yeah, do you know something, old girl? We're not going to worry too much about Daisy being in danger of that Avenger fella. Whatever do you mean, Robbie? Well, she's not a girl who takes a drink, you know. Oh, what's that to do with it, please? Oh, something I read in the paper while he was upstairs with the gentleman. They just found out that every one of the Avengers victims had been drinking. They figured he must be some kind of a rabid abstainer. What a peculiar chance. Now hurry Bunting, please. Yeah Two thoughts. Two thoughts only, Governor Ellen's mind. The lodger's light supper and her own good fortune at having such a lodger. Mr. Sleuth was an eccentric surfer, then he was such a gentle one, so quiet, so very religiously inclined. She started up a staircase to Mr. Sleuth's room. Her husband at her side.  We all see she stays closer than the earth. Well, hopper downstairs. Hurry up, will be supper, old girl. Cast down many wounded from her. He, many strong men, have been slain by her. Come in and to know the wickedness of folly. Why, Mr. Sleuth. Yes. What is it? Those pictures. Those pretty girls.  And that maneuver, that strange action, was the beginning of Ellen's concern. Soon they came to heart a recollection of the black Inverness Cape, the small narrow bag, the urgent matter of alcoholic drink. And these details began to shape themselves into a pattern which grew more disturbing with each passing hour. The day following, the lodger did not leave the upstairs room once, nor did he leave the next day. And the oddness of this took its place in the pattern. Then too, the approaching arrival of Daisy, her stepdaughter added to her concern. On the second night, her sleep was restless with vague, horrifying images. And so when she heard the first stealthy footsteps outside her bedroom, she was instantly awake. All those steps downstairs, down the hallway, stillness, fell upon the house. And outside the streets were so silent she could hear distinctly the clock from a church tower a mile away. Told the hour. In her troubled frenzy, she pictured a lone figure plodding through the deep fog, moving quietly, stealthily, stalking, searching, finding. Soon after, she heard the lodger return.  She assured herself that Daisy's arrival that day was no cause for alarm. Now she reasoned. How could there be anything really evil about so religious a gentleman as Mr. Sleuth? But for her, there was no more sleep, merely a tormented state of half consciousness, a state which suddenly dropped from her shortly after the daybreak. Horrible murder. That was the pressing scream of a newsboy far down the street. Her inventory heard the boy cry out the event as late as stroke, made during the night. The glimpse that morning of the gray-faced lodger brought the steepest night's warm terror full to the surface. But on the next instant, she saw the pitiless, helpless, weariness in his eyes. And curiously, the terror began to pass. She found that she was hoping desperately that her fears were unfounded. Earlier, she had determined to tell Bunting of the awful convictions in her mind. Now, however, she felt she must be certain, certain before she spoke to a soul. She knew there was one thing she must examine. That was the lodger's single piece of luggage. She'd thought of it often. What could it hold? Not much in the way of clothing, surely. It was too small, too narrow. It was more like a case. A case for a knife. It was a long toward noon that Ellen found her opportunity to search the lodger's room. Soon after Bunting left to meet Daisy, Mr. Sleuth himself walked from the house. Ellen watched the tall, thin figure in the black, invaders' cape disappear down the street, and then... She rushed upstairs, into the room. Quickly, she moved to the closet. It was no different from what it had always been, utterly empty. She found nothing under the bed. She went then to the chest of drawers against the wall. She opened the top drawer and found inside nothing but a frayed shirt, two handkerchiefs. The next drawer under clothes, socks. The next empty. There remained only one possible place for the small narrow bag, the bottom drawer, and it was locked. Hugging the drawer, she heard suddenly the opening of the front door downstairs. And it's stricken. She rushed out of the room and down the hall to the head of the stairs. Upstairs, Ellen? Ellen, Daisy's here. Oh, Mother Ellen, it's so good to see you. Oh, whatever's the matter?  Oh, well, I... I'm all right. I wasn't expecting you so soon. Oh, you don't know how fine it is to be back, Mother Ellen. Oh, the country's all right in its way, but there's nothing like London now, is there? No, no, there isn't. But as long as that adventure's about, I can see we're going to have to do something about these blonde locks, Ellen. Oh, don't worry about that. I'll die, maybe, or just pin them under my hat. Daisy, I might as well get you settled. Oh, now, Father, isn't that just like it? She's straight to the point, and no point. Well, I'll bet a six when she'll have a dust cloth in her head before you've got your coat off. Mrs. Bunting, I see my door is open. Oh, we were just leaving, sir. Does this mean that all of you have been in my room? Oh, not at all, sir. What must I do? Keep it locked? But you see, sir, I was just tidying up a bit, and Mr. Bunting, he brought his daughter up, sir. She just arrived. This is Daisy, sir. Nice to meet you, sir. She's been away for quite a long while, you see, Mr. Sleuth, and that's why we're a bit excited, you might say. Yes, you must have been surprised when you came and everything was laughing and carrying on that way. Yes, yes. I must say I was. However, Mr. Daisy, there are all types of joy other than not. Yes. I'm sure there are. The despicable evil joy of the abandoned, and the divine happiness of the blessed. A vast difference that. You do understand me, don't you? Yes, sir. Yes, Mr. Sleuth. I devoutly hope so, Miss Daisy. Nowadays, there are so very few young women like yourself who do. In fact, I all but despaired ever of finding one. If you'll excuse us now, sir, we'll be getting Daisy's things put away. Of course, Mrs. Bunting, and I must be getting to my room. Believe me, Miss Daisy, there's been a revelation to meet you. Oh, thank you, sir. I'm sure we shall have much to discuss.   At that moment, Annan had been determined to pour out her terrible knowledge, and then the moment passed by. She told herself that perhaps the past few days have been nothing more than a grim illusion, a tormenting play of imagination. She would wait then until she had attended the coroner's inquest into the last avenger murder. There, perhaps, she would hear evidence to disprove all her fears, to assure her there was no earthly harm in Daisy being so near the lodge. This was her grave is concerned now, for on the next day, Mr. Sleuth made it a point to see the girl more than once. And fearfully, Ellen saw that Daisy welcomed his visits. As Ellen was preparing to step out of the inquest, she heard once more the voices of her stepdaughter and the lodger coming to her through the kitchen door. She hesitated before entering. Tense. Strangely apprehensive. You should hear what Mr. Sleuth was just saying. Perhaps, Daisy, you would excuse yourself. He thinks people, and especially girls, should spend all their time praying. I sought to explain, Mrs. Bunting, that all women are placed on this earth filled with evil. They therefore must struggle constantly to find the paths of righteousness. Why, Mr. Sleuth, you mean a girl's not to enjoy life at all? Not to have fun? Fribolity, my child, is the devil's breeding ground. And all his implements are there. Temptation. Pleasure. Oh, that's crazy. Well, there's nothing I like better than a glass of wine. You drink. She didn't know what she was saying, Mr. Sleuth. Just a child, and Daisy, you'd better go now. But I didn't say nothing wrong. What's so harm in a glass of wine? She lieth in wait as for a prey and increases the transgressors among men. I don't know what you mean. I never heard such nonsense. You call holy scripture nonsense? So what I prayed against is true. You are beyond salvation. That's not so. What are you saying? Daisy, go into the front room. It's quite all right, Mr. Spunty. I must be going upstairs anyway. I'm used to being misunderstood, you know. People never realize that my efforts are simply for the greater good of humanity. Of course, sir. And that the power on high will direct my hand toward the expulsion of all evil. Daisy. Daisy, listen to me. Yes? I've got to tell you about. About? I'll be back. The moment to reveal the secret horror had come again and passed. Erin's sudden recollection of Mr. Sleuthers, he stood in the doorway, had overwhelmed her. She must give him this last chance, this last frantic search for his proving evidence, this trip to the inquest. If that chance should fail, then she would tell Bunty or the police. So with the knowledge that Bunty was left in the house to look after Daisy, she boarded the underground train bound out. But as the train pulled away from the station, a new torture came to her. It began to mount in her mind. It was the sudden realization that provided Sleuthers was no matter. She was equally responsible for his crimes. She had been giving him protection. Protection. Protection. If anything should happen to Daisy, she would be equally guilty. Guilty. Guilty. Fully as guilty as... the Avenger. Seated at the rear of the small but crowded inquest room, listened to each of the witnesses as they were called. And from one of them she found the first hope she had known for many days. This witness lived next to the alley in which the Avenger had committed his crime that night.  But in another moment, Ellen's hope was swept away. It was pointed out that the fog had been so heavy that the witness could not possibly have seen the murderer from her window. She left the stand replaced by a Mr. Cannot. This elderly gentleman was certain that he had not only seen but talked with the Avenger. He was in Regions Park he testified only a few moments before the moments before the murder, Mr. When I saw him, he was quite a tall man, a handbag, you say? Yes, a small narrow one, just such a bag I might add as might contain a knife. I then heard these words the tension which had been mounting up within her became almost unbearable. Rigid with horror, she gripped the arms of her chair, she heard the coroner. I shall have to ask for more order in the court. And now, Mr. Cannot, I understand you heard this man speak. Oh yes, he had a rather high hesitating voice, an educated man I would judge but quite man. What do you mean by that? Well, as he emerged from the fog, he was talking aloud to himself. Believe me, sir, he was reciting scriptures from the Bible. Scriptures from the Bible, horrified Ellen Rose from her seat only half hearing the confusion about her. Are you asking us to believe I would say, Mr. Cannot, that the man we are looking for would be least of all and that's where you're in error, Mr. Cannot. The religious note is the very key to the case. Very interesting. That'll be all, Mr. Cannot. Just a moment, sir.  The man you're after must be a religious maniac. That's the only explanation possible. You will please stand down. The court was dismissing the very truth. Ellen knew that now. She would no longer keep silent. Her hand shut forth and she screamed. Ellen Bunting, on the verge of speaking, had fainted. And then, when she was revived, a few moments later, she said nothing. Her brain was in too great a turmoil. Her nerves too shocked. Like one in a dream, she allowed herself to be led from the courtroom. The voices of spectators were only vague sounds. Yes, it was hysterics. Yeah, that bit about the knife. Yeah, the knife. The knife. She was seated at home with the remarks from the spectators remain in her mind. She heard them over and over. That bit about the knife. Such a bag is making them. We all see she stays closer than the house, eh? No army being safe. Direct my hand toward the expulsion of all evil. Expulsion of all evil. What's the harm in a glass of wine? As Ellen neared her neighborhood, her bed increased. With each moving footstep, she was two streets away from the house. Then one, then then you're so bunting. Sharply like the thrust of a knife, she realized what this meant. Daisy was left alone with a lodger. Oh, bunting, tell me bunting. Where's Daisy? Where is she? I say, where? Oh, listen to me, try to understand. Sleuth is the Avenger. What are you saying? Oh, lodger, he is the Avenger bunting. Oh, but there's no time for that. Daisy's in danger. Yes, Daisy. She's not there. She's not downstairs. Then there's just his room open the door. You say, cut, what's the idea, Hitch? I've a few more lines to do. As Mr. Marshall, the narrator you have, not as Mr. Sleuth, the lodger. Hitch, you can't stop the play right here. It isn't fair, you know. Why isn't it bad? What more is there to say? Mr. Hitchcock, won't people want to know what bunting and me found in the room? All right, Ellen. What precisely did you find? There. You see? Nothing. No lodger, no Bible. And that locked dresser drawer. What about that? We unlocked it, sir. And what was in it? Nothing, sir. You are certain, Mrs. Bunting?  I mean Mr. Marshall. Yes, sir, I'm sure, sir. There was nothing. Well, picking your part, Mr. Hitchcock, I don't think we'd better just mention about Daisy. I don't know bunting. Well, she's gone out for a walk, that's all. Did she enjoy it? Oh, very much, sir. Made it to King's Cross and back in just under an hour, sir. Blended time bunting. Well, there you are, Bump. There's the story. Now, wait a minute, Mr. Hitchcock. You can't do that. That's not the story. Of course it's not. Look here, Hitch. Here's the fellow who composed and conducted all our music. Wilbur Hatch. He wants to know about this, too. Everybody does. All right, Bump. What did they want to know? They want to know more about him again. And now I think we ought to say something about the Columbia Four-Cards show for... Mr. Hitchcock, sir, will you please... Stop him, Mr. Marshall. Hitch, listen to me. Yes? What is it? They want to know when the Avenger finally was caught. Oh, well, let me ask you something about it. Are you acquainted with Loretta Young? Yes. What's that got to do with it? Well, in next week's Columbia Preview series, Miss Young will take the starring role in the drama of an American Red Cross nurse. That's good news, isn't it? That audience exactly when and how Mr. Sleuth was caught. Caught? Why on earth should he be caught? Why? Well, he was the Avenger, wasn't he? Was he? Your guest's gentle listener is as good as ours. Even Mrs. Bella Clowns, who wrote the novel, isn't entirely sure. For his masterful direction, our thanks to Alfred Hitchcock, whose latest pictures are David O. Selznick's Rebecca and Walter Wenger's foreign correspondent. For his superb characterization of Mr. Sleuth, our thanks to Herbert Marshall and our thanks to the outstanding British character actor, who tonight portrayed the role of Bunting, Edmund Gwen. If you like tonight's program and want to hear more in the same highly original Hitchcock vein, radio versions of the Lady Vanishes and the 39 Steps, for example, write to CBS and tell us so. Your interest will help bring suspense to the air as a weekly feature. Forecast next week presents from Hollywood, Loretta Young in Angel, first of a proposed series of actresses and the romance of a typical Red Cross nurse. From New York, a new sort of comedy show, Ed Gardner as Archie in Duffy's Tavern, with Gertrude Neeson, Colonel Stoopnagle, Larry Adler and John Kirby's Orchestra. Don't miss forecast at this hour next week. Promise Prevents with speaking, this is the Columbia Broadcasting System.


Ni mekuleta apa kuna event, ni tuwa KOT fava side. Namuana na shinda ngiriso, namutuna na shina 60, mungina na shina 40, nama 3, onona. But apart from the game, tu me kamaba kwa socialize and also tangu tuwa chili ohuru kutemiabila mask, it's a good opportunity to interact and see people, either direct, manja tu me kuwata tu ki, ono hi katiwa mi kwa katiwa iwi, o kwa aji wa onona. So it's a good thing, odi na impact ma vijana, imikriti employment, sebo anga lezi ni nizote, ebu kama onona za niniote, isi vituzote makamuisho, onona, isi vituzote, isi unima bieshara, that without this event, awanga huza. So this is serious injection of money into our economy. This is a good thing, odi me kamana event, vijana onona shina mado, and then after that, what ona huza. So it's good, it's business and it's entertainment and we're having a good time and we're happy to be here. When was the last time you chose a bowl? Futa. Futa was the last time we chose a dinner at Wemombasa. Onakumka 2019. That was the last time we chose a football, but we chose a bageka daily. Daily. So I think maybe we'll get a chance where we'll come and say hi to the team who participated in KOT5 aside. Amma umu kujakama coach, amma kama kugawa zawari, uesijiwa? Uesijiwa? Uesijiwa? Uesijiwa kama musani na, kama mudamini. Sponsor mukubua. Anyway, you know, as Odi's family, as one of the influencers of Odi, this is an event here, Odi, I have to come and support. It's like your cousin having an event or your brother doing something. You have to go and support.  So to mkujetu apa, kama familiara pia. Yes. Okay, maybe that's the one thing you've learned from today. Amma, what is that one thing you have to share with people at home that they are not here? Yeah. Ila kitu ni me learn hapa leo. Nia kwa mba, sere kali na fai tangeneze, ebu angaliya vumbi. Barabahra. Sere kali ila fai fanya kitu. Stadium mi kuna vumbi. Stadium mi amuchianga. 2022. Nasa hiwa tuwa koko asimi yosijiwa pika ma stadium ni ni. Leo ni leo. Leo ni leo na fanya stadium ni ni. These are the things we're supposed to be addressing right now. Wato kituwa ingie, wajenge kujama stadium, muna yama place green. Place mi me piwa kapet. Ma leto ki interviewa ebu angaliya takuna red carpet. Interview di ganitwa fanya hapa. Unafotuna interview kwa red carpet. So given chance kwa government, ama given chance u patua chance weza tegeneza tournamenti ako. Leo hi, uneneza panga something for the creative industry. Ni kapewa chance ya kwa fanya ni ni? To come up with something for the creative industry. Yes. Yes. Naeza, naeza coming up now. Yes. Definitely government may fail when it comes to creative industry. The government has failed. Arodu ku taku fanya ivena tunanga venu enye. The biggest venue na kwa nganaza ni Kenya cinema, ama Nairobi cinema enye na kwa na otusonane. Kenya tunan needs an auditorium, a not even one. One in Kisumu, one in Homa Bay, one in Muranga na capacity of 3,000 and above. And above. And above.  Manami afaikule ntizi kama na chunachuna banoizi. Kame da manunakula. Tuna skia. Kwa kuniwa industry. Ikuna lot of loopholes. Unona? A lot of loopholes. I been to US. Upresitu were na pora. Uda pata wakwa equipped na innavo ditoriams. We will ensure that in the first 30 days, it never happens here. One thing that this people do not know is that if they inject into entertainment, it comes back. It comes back, working inject. So for example, we are in power. Shikene changi eni wuza mimi wu kula pesa eni wuzi ga change. So slo nalasiki ya tu nangavitu siri asapa na majoka sva na kuja apa oni ni. So I was saying, if the government invests in entertainment, it comes back. It comes back. Because as long as kula tram doing na pute anga tubana, kama sa isi doi mi pute anga? Okay, mi na hija pute anga kwa angula keni? Raku landezi. Landezi wu zuri. Nani menunu liwa. So ya lipia. But anyway, usoha habitu pihiya. And we thank Odi for what they have done. And if, I believe this is a CSR kind of an event. This is a corporate social responsibility. It's a good thing. If every institution or every company would just do a bit of this, this would help us. Tu zami kitu kama hii kwa na fani kama lipa lehuma bengini na fani kama muranga na fani kama siya ya. It helps. Kama aviji anga wote onya kwa na vitu. Atu wa juo me wuza. Oswa maju wa me wuza. Oswa maiai wa me wuza. It's a good thing. It's a good thing. If this thing never happened, is this talk wange kwa nasuhum? So we get the point. So if such happens, tuta gru. Tuta gru. Sayu, kama umse. Aki toka apa kama me wuza fiti yo juu ya ke. Kamal kuwantamani kia tu fulani. Atena abai. Musu wa kia tuata furaiya. That is how money flows. Pesina toka apa. Musu wa fia viena na naku. Buchari. Anana na naku nwa nyama. Unona. So it's a good thing. So maybe last word to your fans. What are they expecting from you? I'm very unpredictable. So I will never tell my fans nothing. I'm very unpredictable. I'll never tell them what is coming. They will never know how to predict. So that's me. Kooja, kooja. Muzuri hangu mi mi. Mimi ni comedian na piyangu mi na kuwana ayo. Ni konanya unyo kini shinda? Bro, mambo baby. Pwasana. Mitu anani. Mitu ahome. Bono kuwapo ahome. Mi apa ni kuwapa KOT. Nime kama kusapo team miyang. Gulakas kona cheza, but na asapot. Buli gani. Undam buli adi. Uja maja tu mulize masulia bol. Oni fa nwa bol? Maya. Timi ya koni gani? Manchester. Manchester. Nia mi, Manchester kuatebo. Ndum ba nga pi. Saidu wana nga 6. Ni 6 sama gani. Muka nga 6. Ya. Top score ho mantis United so fun inani. Sin Ronaldo. Ronaldo bongapi. Ronaldo nga bongapi. Siyadezzi. Ami. Kusah? Uwe hamia Chelsea. Siyadezi hamia assassin ni. You are dying team. You are dying team but na Chelsea. Udiya bi ya yezi. Kasi ni hazi miwa. Come on. Alright sir, thank you so much for your time bro. Mi anani me kujiapa junu mwa na wai. Bouda. Boko saa. Lewa nami kunyosao da. Maase. Sasu kakunyobo meje? Tens bana. Na shikuru sana. Twen elewa kusonga bana. Arey? Arey rase wan predikta bol. An predikta bol ni ni. Mamuia wa wa wa wa itmia ajuwa. Ajuwa ni ni wai wai. Ala tubamba. Ie na drajuwa. Ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni. Shubar bada. Sao, sao. Thank you so much for your time. Wachani zidi kondila kumcharak na chungine. Sao baba. Thank you brother. Cheers man. On love.


This just in August is hotter than ever at Appalachian Wireless as they are slashing all normal contract pricing on all smartphones by 50% when you sign up for service. Better service, bigger saving, serving you for the last 25 years at Appalachian Wireless. If you're a parent in your child's in jail you ought to feel some comfort knowing that that's the first day of their recovery, they're safe, they're out of harm's way but all too often when they get out of jail they found out that wasn't true. They were they still got a hold of drugs while they were in jail. What we're doing starting today we're going to do some searches of people who come into the jail. We've offered our canine service. Suboxone is our problem along with you know the majority of people in eastern Kentucky but Suboxone is definitely our number one I would say 75 or even possibly to 80 percent. Now we're actually sadly we're having a problem in our visitation. We're finding things basically daily in our visitation room on the outside around the building and things that family members, friends and things are leaving on the grounds. Now the burden of combating the drug problem that's in our jails does not fall on just one or two it takes a collaborative effort and a lot of hard work. This is my staff here at the jail which does a wonderful job. Sheriff's office you know it gives us tips occasionally along with the city police, state police. It's a joint effort. Of course this is not just a problem in Floyd County this is a problem at any jail in the nation but you know we just have a unique problem here and we will stop it.