Good afternoon. First I would like to thank Professor Peter Fluegel for having given me the opportunity to speak today. So I will speak about the treatment of series in the Ganita Sar Sangraha of Mahaviracharya and its connections to Jain cosmology. The Ganita Sar Sangraha is a very significant treatise on mathematics composed by Mahaviracharya, a Digambur Jain Acharya, living in South India in the 9th century. We know this date with fair accuracy as the first chapter contains verses praising the king Amogha Varsha. Le texte était découvert par Prof. Rangacharya, qui a changé sur des manuscripts dans le gouvernement oriental manuscript d'Abrélie, à Madras, où il était curateur. Il a édité, translété et a publié le texte en 1912 et cette édition est encore autoritative aujourd'hui. Le texte a un size imprécif, car nous avons plus de 1000 stanzas dans les 9 chapters. Il y a une introduction et 8 sujets de treatment, ou des pratiques, via Vahar. Le premier via Vahar a les opérations par E. Kallmann. Il donne des procédures ou des algorithmes et des problèmes simples. Normalement, dans la tradition mathématique de la Sanskrit, il y a huit opérations, qui sont ces deux. Mais dans le Ghanita Sarasangraha, les premières deux, addition et subtraction, sont mises et sont répliquées par l'addition et la subtraction des séries. Qu'est-ce qu'il veut dire par une série ? Ici, dans le Ghanita Sarasangraha, il y a deux types de séries, qui sont des séquences de numéros suivant une certaine loi. Ici, il y a une progression arithmétique. Il faut toujours ajouter deux, par exemple, ici. Et une progression géométrique, où vous multipliez constamment par le même numéro pour arriver à la prochaine étape. Le traitement de la séries arithmétique n'est pas un nouveau sujet. Beaucoup d'Aryabhata et Brahmagupta ont donné quelques règles dans leur texte. Mais dans le GSS, Mahavira Charya a arrêté et amplifié les opérations sur la série dans une manière nouvelle. Comme vous pouvez le voir sur cette table, Mahavira Charya est la seule autorité à commencer avec l'opération de multiplication, parce que les additions et subtractions sont à la fin. Il n'y a pas d'explanation apparente pour cette option. En fait, dans la synthèse du master des mathématiques en Indie, Kim Plovker évoque quelques questions qui sont encore en réponse. Et elle dit, par exemple, pourquoi se considère-t-elle possible dans le GANITA, pour dépasser les additions et subtractions des numéros comme des opérations canoniques ? Pour cette question, je pourrais ajouter une autre question. Pourquoi Mahavira Charya n'a pas seulement commencé avec la multiplication, mais aussi pourquoi il a donné tant d'importance à ces deux opérations sur la série. Comme vous pouvez le voir, la première étape est occupée par les premières six opérations et les dernières deux sont occupées à la fin de la première étape. Donc, si nous devons travailler sur la série, nous avons besoin de quelques termes techniques. Et je vais essayer d'être le plus clair et simple, parce qu'il y aura des mathématiques dans le monde. Donc, la terminologie est comme ça. Pour la première étape de la série, nous prenons quelque chose qui signifie le début, l'origine, la source, etc. Pour la différence commune, nous avons Charya, Prachaya, Uttara, Vridhi, quelque chose qui signifie « augmentation » ou « accession » et le nombre de termes est généralement Pada ou Gaccha. Et nous avons le total summe, Salvador. Donc, avec ces quatre quantités, généralement, nous connaissons trois de ces quantités et il y a quelques formules qui nous permettent de trouver le fort. Un peu plus technique. Non. Nous allons voir la calculation du total summe. Donc, si nous le faisons aujourd'hui, nous donnerons une formule. Mais à la fois de la GSS, il n'y avait pas de notation algébrique. Donc, généralement, c'est une présentation algoretmique. Il s'agit comme ça. On prend une, on enlève une, on divise par deux, on multiplie par l'air, on ajoute le premier terme et on multiplie par le nombre de termes. Vous allez avoir le summe. Si vous faites ces calculations dans un ordre propre, ou une autre option, c'est de faire comme ça, ça donne exactement le même résultat. Des termes plus techniques, qui sont très spécifiques, et à mon avis, ce n'est pas utilisé dans d'autres textes mathématiques. Mais je suis peut-être méstricé, parce que je n'ai pas fait une surveille complète pour ça. Donc, ces termes sont adidana et utradeana. Adidana n'est pas la valeur du premier terme, c'est la valeur de l'accumulation du premier terme. Donc, c'est u1 x n. Et le utradeana est la valeur de l'accumulation de la différence commune. Mahaviracharya est aussi la seule autorité à proposer que si l'un change l'ordre des termes, le total sera la même. Les dernières termes techniques, qui sont très communes et utilisés par tous les autorités, sont les dernières termes et les principales termes. Donc, maintenant, let's see how the sample problems are presented in the manuscript. So, in this manuscript, there is an exercise where you have to calculate ten sums, because you have ten series. As you can see, the first line, there is always go for gotcha, then u for utrade and r for adi. And you have the numbers, which are there. It seems that this presentation is always the same in all manuscripts, whatever is the region or the paper manuscript or palm leaf. Here is the palm leaf manuscript from Madras, where you have the same exercise. And in Canada script, you have again the same formulation with the three values here. Rangacharya, sorry, in his edition, he didn't know that the presentation is always the same. And in this exercise, this is the preprint copy, which is available in Madras. You can see that he crossed the u from utara to put pra, because in the text itself, it's pracharya and not utara, which is used. So let's do quickly an example. So we have the case here of a Shravak who offers two gems in the beginning and increase by three gems. And we have to calculate how many we get after five like that. So it goes like that, you calculate the beginning multiplied by the number of terms is ten and this is the adidana. Then the number of terms minus one divided by two is two. You multiply by the common increase, you get six. And then you multiply by the number of terms, you get 30. This is exactly the utara dana. And if you add both of them, you get 40. This is the total sum. And now we can also, we get simple problems where we have to find the number of terms. So the formula we would use today would be this one, but again it would be an algorithmic presentation. How is it shown in the manuscript? You can see that when one of these three values is unknown, there is a zero which is put there because we don't know the value of the gacha as this is the one we have to find. So, again if we know the total sum, like 90 here, you follow the algorithm and then you multiply by eight, again by eight, etc. And you get the answer finally. Ok, now what about geometric progressions? In fact, there is hardly any sign showing that the type of series studied has changed. Here in the spam leaf manuscript you have a smaller pattern, decorative pattern which indicates that the topic has changed. In fact, it is the terminology which indicates the change because the first term is the same but now it's a common ratio and it's Guna or Guna Torah. Again, you have Guna Dana and Guna Sanculate for the sum of the series. How do we do to calculate the sum in the case of a geometric series? We have two formulas which are these two on top and in this exercise you have to know that 3 is the beginning, 5 is the common ratio and 15 is the number of term. So, it means that you have to calculate 5 into the power of 15 which is an absolutely huge number. And to calculate this you can obviously multiply 5 by 5 by 5 by 5 the number of time necessary but there is a sutra which gives a procedure very similar to the one used in prosody in the Pingala text to calculate 2 to the power of n. And in the same spam leaf manuscript in the commentary you have that algorithm which is explained. So, the number of term is 15 if it is even you divide by 2 if it is uneven you remove 1 and then you put 0 you put 0 otherwise you put 1 and after you go from down to upward and you multiply by the common ratio if you have 1 you multiply by 5 if you have 0 you square and like that in only 6 operations you have the answer instead of 14 multiplications if you do the other one. Now, this process is very known and in a very famous text like the patiganita of Shridhara or the Lila Vati of Baskaracharya you have the same process but instead of writing 1 or 0 1 is supposed to write multiply or square. So, now turn to the connections between this treatment of series and the gene cosmology. For that I will look at the teloyopanati which is a work written in prakrit a very big work and which has plenty of numerical data and results but also which has general procedures stated. So, let's look at the most common illustrations of the locus that we have and we will first deal with the lower region the hills. So, the lower region is a 7 radios high so the radios is an an uncountable unit of land and there are 7 earths which have 1 radios each height and usually the illustration is this one on this kind but this illustration is very deceptive because it looks like the intervals between the different earths are very small or in fact it should be the opposite but it's impossible to represent. So, this illustration is deceptive as I have indicated the thickness of every earth so 1,80,000 eogenas is absolutely negligible in front of 1 radio So, what is important is that every earth has layers and you can see that this is arithmetical regression because you minus 2 every time starting from 13. Now, in these layers the hellish souls live in huge holes and the first earth has 30 lakhs of them and the total of holes is 84 lakhs in the hells so again we get the 20 lakhs So, each layer has one central hole in Draca and some ordered or aligned role there are 49 in the main directions and 48 in the sub directions for the first layer and then it's minus 1 every time so the second layer it's 48 and 47 then you have some scattered holes also So, the aim obviously is to calculate how many holes you will have in any layer so as it is an arithmetical progression we can use the formulas so here if you start from the top the first layer if you add the central and aligned holes you have 389 holes and then you minus 8 every time you change the layer so you can calculate and the last one is 5 now, in the teloyopanaty again it is explained that you can also start from the bottom and say that the first term is 5 instead of being 389 if you do like that the increase will be 8 instead of the decrease being minus 8 and that remains remarque by Maviracharya that if you change the order of terms you you get to the same formula total so now there are also arithmetical series for each earth and then you have to calculate the beginnings so the beginnings are these ones the number of holes in these layers and here there is a formula which is stated in a general form you can calculate the number of holes in any desired earth of level D so D is from 1 to 7 and it has alpha layers again it's a formula for calculating the sum of arithmetical progressions but much more interesting and very specific to the Thilloyapanati is the Sutra 265 the Gata 265 because it gives a general formula even if you don't know the beginning you can still calculate the sum of the holes in the different layers of one earth not only the number of holes follow arithmetical progressions but also the width of the Indracas and the depth of the holes also are in arithmetical progression for the width you can notice that the first one which is on top is 45 lakhs which is exactly the same as the size of the Udaidwip the two and a half continents and the last one which is the lowest one is one lakh which is exactly the size of the Jambudwip so it's not mere coincidences now let's examine the cosmological structure of the middle world it is divided into concentric rings with the Sumeru mountain at the center and the last diameter is one Raju the number of rings is an Asankyat number and the sizes of the rings double each time so like that the first one is the Jambudwip it's one lakh then the Lavana C is two lakhs the Taki land is four lakhs and eight lakhs then 16 lakhs Leogina since the sizes of the rings go into geometric progression then we can use the formulas for the geometric progression as the common Raju is two if we want the width of any ring the formula for this is w for the width is equal to 2 to the power of n d is the width of the Jambudwip so the problem which comes because the number of rings is uncountable so if we want to know the width of the last C how do we do because we can't calculate 2 to the power of an incountable number because we don't know that number so the how is it solved in the there is a lot of gathas a lot of many sutras which have been stated for example you can show it requires a little bit of calculation but it's not very difficult that the inner diameter of a ring follows this formula this is the middle diameter and this is the outer diameter so knowing that the outer diameter of the middle world is one Raju if you know this value then you can calculate the width of the last C so you get 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1


Attention Harvey Park South residents. This is a community notification of a new sexually violent predator in your area. Please stay tuned to the following short program for more information. Hi I'm Technician Ron Hackett with the Denver Police Department. The Sex Offender Registration and Compliance Unit at DPD is responsible for the registration monitoring and tracking of all registered sex offenders and sexually violent predators who live in the city and County of Denver. Here's a brief history of sex offender legislation in Colorado. Our state laws trickle down from federal government mandates. In 1994 we had the Jacob Wetterling Act which mandated that states would establish a sex offender list. Megan's law of 1996 said that the public would have access to those sex offender registration lists. The Pam Litchner Act of 1996 stated that some offenders might have to have lifetime registrations. In the Adam Walsh Act of 2006 unified sex offender laws across the country. In Colorado the legislature has determined that sexually violent predators by definition pose a higher risk to the community at large and therefore mandated that upon their release from the Department of Corrections the community must be notified. Sex offender notification in Colorado happens in two ways. The first is passive and ongoing through the sex offender registration process which is a list maintained by local police departments. The second way is active via community notification for those offenders determined to be sexually violent predators by the courts or by the parole board. Most sex offenders in Colorado are supervised by the criminal justice system in our communities. Most sex offenders engage in crossover behavior which means they may have been arrested for one type of crime but be apt to commit another.  There is no typical sex offender but all tend to be deceptive, manipulative and secretive. 80 to 93 percent of sex offenses are committed by someone known to the victim. Sexual deviancy begins in mid to late adolescence. Sex offenses are not impulsive.  The community has a vested interest in helping offenders to be successfully managed in the community. Sex offenders have the same need for housing and employment as any other citizen.  There are approximately 16,500 registered sex offenders in the state of Colorado. About 65 percent of convicted sex offenders are placed in the community on probation. The remainder are in the Department of Corrections or Community Corrections. Offenders may be caught for one type of offense but be at a high risk to commit another type. Crime of conviction is only one indicator of risk.  The offender's residents must be verified quarterly by the Denver Police Department. The full sex offender registration list is available by calling the Denver Police Department Identification Bureau at<PHONE_NUMBER>. Convicted felons and those with multiple convictions are posted online at denvergov.org slash police.   Now, here's a look at the newest sexually violent predator living in Denver. Here's an overview of the registered sex offenders currently living in Denver. There are 2,396 total living within city limits. In Denver Police District 4, there are 427. Precinct 423 has 112 registered sex offenders. Of those, 94 have felony convictions and 18 have misdemeanor convictions. James Robert Clark is a sexually violent predator currently living in Denver. He's 40 years old and was born on July 29, 1983.  He's currently living at 2765 South Federal Boulevard in the Harvey Park South neighborhood of Denver. School is located within one mile of this offender include Lincoln High School, Respect Academy at Lincoln and Compass Academy all at 2285 South Federal Boulevard, Gust Elementary at 3440 West Yale Avenue, College View Elementary at 2675 South Decatur Street, Denver School of Science and Technology, College View Middle School and High School at 3111 West Dartmouth Avenue, Rocky Mountain Prep Federal and Rocky Mountain Prep Ruby Hill both at 2626 West Evans Avenue, Human X Academy at 2700 South Zooni Street. Parks located within one mile of this offender include Harvard Gulch West, Dartmouth Gulch Park, Loretto Heights Park. Recreation centers located within one mile of this offender include College View Rec Center at 2525 South Decatur Street. bus routes located within one mile of this offender include routes 2930 3536 South Federal Boulevard and West Harvard Avenue, South Federal Boulevard and West Yale Avenue, routes 3035 West Yale Avenue and South Hooker Street West Yale Avenue and South Irving Street, routes 2935 and 36 South Federal Boulevard and West Amherst Avenue, South Federal Boulevard and West Bates Avenue, South Federal Boulevard and West Cornell Avenue.  He's currently on parole and registered with the Denver Police Department on July 18 2023 to 2765 South Federal Boulevard in the Harvey Park South neighborhood of Denver. Pass charges against this offender include attempted sexual assault on a child, aggravated assault, assault, domestic violence, bank robbery, vehicle theft, shoplifting, escape, narcotics charges, parole violation. James Robert Clark has been determined as sexually violent predator after meeting the following criteria criteria one age 18 or older on the date of the offense or under 18 and tried as an adult. The offender was age 20 at the time of the offense. Criteria two, the crime must have been committed honor after July 1 1997 and convicted honor after July 1 1999.  The offender was convicted on January 23 2008 for attempted sexual assault on a child. Criteria three, the relationship to the victim was one of the following victim was a stranger to the offender or the offender established or promoted a relationship with the victim primarily for the purpose of sexual victimization. The 12 year old juvenile male victim was known to the offender criteria for positive results or the passing of a risk assessment instrument administered by probation parole staff and a qualified treatment evaluator. Positive results include an assessment for the presence of a mental abnormality, a level of denial regarding the offense, treatment, appropriateness and motivation, presence of sexual deviant interests. The offender was evaluated by the Adams County courts with positive results, determining him to be a sexually violent predator.


I just want to put this out there because I'm just wondering what your thoughts on it are. Like, do you think that for an autistic person or for anyone in general who has sensory differences, do you find that people gravitate towards stims that are related to things that they're hypersensitive to? It's possible because they might be seeking more sensory input to it, so I don't get dizzy very easily and I am constantly seeking like the spinning and the twirling, so it could be related. I would hesitate to say all the time because for example, I'm extremely sensitive to a lot of different kinds of lighting but when there's a light that I really like, then I will want to repetitively look at it, stare at that visualizer and I'll feel really comfortable and very joyful doing that. My favorite one at the moment is this fiber optic light. Yeah, that's fun. I think another example is I'm hypersensitive to sound, but one of my number one... Oh, don't apologize, that was beautiful. No, I just knocked something over. Shit, I thought you were pointing that out. That's funny. Yeah, thankfully we have noise canceling things going on, but yeah, so it's sound I'm very, very hypersensitive to sound, but auditory stimming is one of my number one ways of stimming by listening to a song that I like a lot on repeat. So I think that we might see some stimming because of needing more sensory input in that place, but I also think there's that element of sensory joy when something hits just right. Because I am so sensitive to sound, I can tell really quickly when just the right sounds came together in just the right way because if they didn't then I would immediately notice and be like, this is a wreck. What was that weird sound there? I think I'm super picky about key changes when someone does a key change and it's not right. I'll just want to like throw my speaker out the window. It's interesting that you say that because I think for me, whenever I get myself into situations where I'm highly anxious or whether if I'm having a meltdown even, I always gravitate towards vestibular bestims for me and they tend to limit pretty much all of the hypersensitive side of me, which is pretty much everything else. But then again, I find a lot of joy in the differences in how I view things because as we're talking about those game situations where you look at a waterfall I can become very hyper fixated on something and just completely forget about my surroundings. If I'm at the rare occurrence where I go to like a rave or something, there'll be one light that I see that's just a combination of colours and it has a certain movement to it that I just fixate on and it's the same with like the moon or like stars or like and those things tend to be things that I gravitate towards to make me feel good, I guess, whereas I don't always go for vestibular sort of proprioceptive stuff for me to feel good. That makes sense. Yeah, I think my vestibular stems, at least the stem dancing that I do and the twirling and things like that are very, very much connected to sensory joy for me. I do rock back and forth when I'm stressed, though, or if I'm like trying really hard to process something that's difficult for me to process, I'll be more likely to rock. I also, this is more of a proprioceptive stem. Whenever I get very stressed, I tap my chest repeatedly. And so that taps into the proprioceptive sense, and I don't do that when I'm feeling good ever. So it is helpful for me sometimes to keep track of which of my stems I do when I'm in a different mood because it's really valuable information because when you're little and you're reading books about feelings, they say, oh, when I'm happy, I smile. When I'm excited, I laugh. When I'm sad, I cry. But for me, my book would be, you know, when I'm sad, I tap my chest. When I'm happy, I twirl and clap and jump up and down, even as an adult. And those things were not really in those books. So autistic individuals are often not able to really understand feelings, that's my theory, because we're taught feelings in a non-autistic way. If we taught feelings through stems, it might be very different.


So the Utah Legislature and the Utah Governor signed a bill that allows schools to teach the significance of the Ten Commandments as well as other historical documents like the Magna Carta and the U.S. Constitution as part of U.S. history. And some people made a fuss about it saying, oh, you know, they're teaching religion and this is sectarian. But the bill sponsor, I think, explains it very well. He's not saying, you know, we're not teaching the kids to be Christians. He's saying we're teaching them the importance of this historical and religious document. And it goes back to that idea that, you know, in order to understand our society and our culture and to be educated, you need to understand these things. You need to understand religious viewpoints and religious arguments because they made culture and society the way it is, and we can't completely divorce our education from any sort of religious or moral or ethical discussions or belief.


Hey everyone Shaber1000 here today. We're gonna go find a couple more geocaches. It's a beautiful day out at 75 and sunny Slight breeze nothing major, but it's nice out.  So you tag along with us. Let's go find some Geocaches Stick around guys That's a speed limit sign. I'd say that's it. Yeah Okay guys, I think monkey found the first one Kind of wire here That's it It's a micro Looks like something chewed the end of it I don't know if we can open it. Oh it unscrews. Hold on There it is There's the piece of paper All right, there we go. All right. I'm gonna log us in. Yeah Okay, we have found 21 so far All right now let's go To the next one It says cars so the bed sheets right in front of there somewhere this one this one is For the numbers you're on the beautiful Wootla coochie rails to trails and Then this pops up. It is an old Florida strip mall Right there With old cars parked everywhere Now you do not have to get off the trail to get this one place this one while I was doing some trail cash maintenance and Met up with two fellow cashers Having a great day on the trail Okay, so let's navigate to it Drive LOL LOL things are thread in here in the description talks about an old Florida strip mall. That's what that is a Big long building. That's an old strip mall. I got pinged right in here. So it should be in here The hint is drive LOL So it said you don't even have to get off the trail. So it should be right in here Says I'm 13 feet away, but this thing just it goes nuts So I'm within 10 feet So it should be right In this vicinity to the tree. We're in the right now. So four or five feet. Okay so Okay, guys, I'm gonna Shut you off until we can find that This one. Oh, there's something little tiny in there. What is it? I bet you that's that one those things supposed to keep it dry. Yeah, I think so. Yeah Yeah, that's about us There's the paper in here but it seems like It's wet yeah, I Didn't bring any paper Yeah, we won't be able to write on I'll still mark it as we found it because we did We just can't I mean I can log it, but we can't sign in which is unfortunate So I'm gonna go ahead and log us in. This is number two for the day and This will be 22 fine so far since we started geocaching So cool. All right, so let's go to this one This should be quick and easy a stop and grab whether you're on a bike or on foot BYOP the what the Kuchy? state trail is just such a nice place to cash But we found obvious gaps between the caches our intention is to fill some of these Some of those gaps Plus we wanted to place some new caches along the trail for those who have been there before We've included a special token for the first to find that's cool It's micro So it's very very little Well, let's um, let's look at a hint So we can keep that fresh in our minds Think green Okay, so well let's navigate to it. All right, so we're two tenths of a mile It's about a quarter mile and I just got pinged at 30 feet. So I should be right in here.  She's looking for this one The hint was think green and this is the greenest tree Down along through here, it's big pine tree it pinged us right here. So And of course monkey says and it's micro but you found the first micro So Oh, I see it now. You see it now? Yeah, here you go. Oh, that's cool. Oh, you wanna grab it? Yeah, I'll grab it. Okay That's cool There you go. Oh, yeah, it's attached.  They're so tiny So I don't know if I can get that out there, babe. Oh it came out All right, so we're gonna put our name on here.  All right, cool. Yep Very cool. We get this logged in. Yep and signed in Can't in the hat snow butterfly. That's cute Okay, so we got the third one So we're gonna sign in and we'll be back Oh, you found that Why? Because it blends in so good I like them micro's Remember that one we looked for over half an hour up there that stopped sign by the gas station. We finally found it Yeah That was a good spot too Um, it says Due to heavy Excuse me You're seeking a camo 35 millimeter Due to very heavy tree cover even the 625 average average samples this one has a 9 by 9 standard Deviation so use geo senses Beware of muggles Have fun. Good luck Congrats to bulldog glove for first to find on that one cash is located on with the lakoochee state trail At 46 miles in length the with lakoochee state trail is presently the longest paved trail in florida The trail corridor runs through small towns ranches and natural areas as it makes its way south from citrus springs to trill trill be The trail traverses a region That offers many other outstanding recreational opportunities Among the recreational highlights nearby are unpaved trails in the kroom area of the with lakoochee state forest The with lakoochee river South canoe trail in for cooper state park the with lakoochee trail will eventually join many other trails And the region becoming part of the central florida loop now. Did you do any filming when we at? Uh, manfield ghost town where we found the cemetery. Yeah, you were filming. Yeah Okay, fun fact about that You know what happened to that town? What? Inverness What do you mean? Well, it took over there. No, there was uh two places they could put the county seat Inverness or manfield Well, everybody voted on manfield and one of the guys On the county seat didn't want to do it. So they come in late one night and started moving all the files and everything over here He sat in that chair would not move so they moved him in the chair and put him here As the county seat So kind of like a little play on words, but that's what then of course the railroad came through here instead of there Shut them shut them down. Wow Fun fact that's something. Yeah Okay, so we're on our way. We should be about one tenth of a mile. Well, it says two tenths somebody walking the house okay, so We're heading that way Two tenths of a mile. All right ready Oh, wait, let's read the hint Okay, wait, there is no hint. No hints. No hint Okay, it's a micro too, right? It's a micro. So it's very tiny. All right when we find it. We'll turn your back on We'll be back We're getting ready to get pinged. Hi All right. I just got pinged This thing's turning so much that Okay, it should be on this side It should be right in here Did I say Let me see it is micro So it should be right in here. I'm betting it's on this tree somewhere Hang on or or not Okay, guys, so I got pinged right in here. We're guessing it's in here, but it is another micro This will be the last one we're doing today that'll give us four so Let's see if we can find something tiny in here. There was no hint on this one, by the way Always look down in there No, I mean it's just a guess about this tree. I'm not for sure But it's close. Yeah ping me right in this area.  I mean it just If you're standing there and it says you're five feet away if you turn this much it'll say you're 20 feet away And it just bounces around all over the place. So You see it like there's a wire here. No, that's a vine, honey Looks like a wire. That's a vine, honey. You can break it. That's a vine. See it's growing right out of that vine there Okay false alarm All right, we're gonna keep looking Yeah, you did?  Yeah Okay guys Found this one shaver found it and I was right there. Oh my god. No way. I just didn't look in the leaves I was so close But so far away. Oh, that's cool. It's a camo 35 millimeter That's a it's a it's a pill. It's a pill bottle, but Um, it's about the same size as your 35 millimeter film So that's cool You want me to get it out or you? Oh, this one's soaked too Yeah, it's soaked too so they leak So we're not going to be able to sign in this one, but I can still log it as found There has been only one that we couldn't find but we found where it was Which I made a note of that sometimes you run across that but That was another one. Yeah, that was But we found every one except that one, but we found where it was supposed to be you could tell It was right right where it was supposed to be is where we were at All right. That's pretty good one. I'm gonna log this in and I'll be back with you. Okay guys We found four today that gives us 24 total Um, we've got three milestones and we completed the seven Modern wonders Yeah, we completed that today. That's cool. Yeah, so We got a little thing for that so You know, it's not a lot but to us it's it's good because we get out and we do this We haven't been out in a while as you probably know so Uh, I think today I think we're going to hide one out in front of our house Yeah, that would be fun and then we're uh That way we can watch them on cameras and we'll do a playlist of people finding the geocache Right. So all right guys. Thanks for watching.  Yeah, they're all over the trees Yeah getting ready for springtime for the butterflies but flies to come out


Welcome back. It's still the breakfast and plus TV Africa, and we are set for our first major conversation this morning. We have a guest on standby, but let's quickly inform you if you've not already had for some strange reason that the academic staff union of universities, Nigeria's university premium, or premium universities staff union, they now they're not the only union, so we have to call them their leading one. And they've resolved to suspend their indefinite strike action, which has been on for about eight months now. Asu's decision was taken at the National Executive Council meeting of the union in Nabooja early Friday. A formal announcement is expected to be made Friday morning. It's a marathon meeting that held overnight. They got it late Thursday night. A member of the ASU NEC, who was at the meeting Friday morning, is quoted as saying that the suspension of the strike was based on last week's ruling of the Court of Appeal, which asked the union to obey an order of the National Industrial Court. The industrial court had had by granting an injunction sought by the Nigerian government, ordered the lecturers to suspend the strike pending the determination of the substantive suit. Now joining us to discuss this latest involvement is Professor Sani Fagge, who is a political analyst and senior lecturer at Bayero University Canoe. Professor Fagge, good morning and thank you very much for your time. Good morning. All right, thank you. Professor Fagge, ASU is touting the court ruling as being, or the court order rather, as the reason why they suspended their strike. But there's been an ongoing engagement between the leadership of the House of Representatives and the union, or the union's leadership. Do you really believe or agree that it's because of the court order that they are going back to the classroom? Because they had earlier said they wouldn't go back to the classroom and they had filed an appeal. Yeah, I think the court order might have been the major reason for the suspension of the strike. Whatever it does, it tries to do it within the ambit of the law. So I don't believe beyond today's deadline, like contempt of court, and that will also, you know, direct the process. Because by doing that, maybe ASU will lose the sympathy of, will be seen as in contempt of the law. That is a major reason. But the other reason is the intervention of the speaker uses good offices to see that at least they have reached a certain middle ground. So I think it's a combination of the two. That is why the strike has been suspended. The reason I'm asking is because of the stance of the union, the very hard stance of the union, you know, to say that even if they were to go back to the classroom in obedience to the court order, while the case is still being before the National Industrial Court, that they cannot be forced to teach. And the ASU president had given an example of a doctor who doesn't want to treat you. Would you like to have that doctor treat you? And so what do you think the leadership of the House of Representatives were able to bring into the discussions and the conversation that the Minister of Labor and Employment, Senator Dr. Christine Gige, and the Minister of Education Malama Damodama, were not able to say to us, what do you think Baja Be'amila was able to say to tell them? Because the ASU president said that he had seen light at the end of the tunnel. So what light do you think he was referring to? Yeah, I think the, you know, provided a kind of middle ground. So that is why the ASU chairman said he had seen a light at the end of the tunnel. Because even though the details of what happened are yet to be out, but from what we get is that most of the issues that lead to the strike have been addressed. So that is what ASU is saying. I think they have seen that the issues have been addressed and that what they want now is a commitment on the government side that these issues will be implemented as agreed upon. For example, one of the contentious issue is the issue of no work, no pay. But from what we gather, there is, you know, a shifting ground from the government side that they are willing to, you know, pay at least in trenches. So I think that is a major issue in which the Education Minister and also the Labor Minister were not able to do. And the other thing is the issue of revitalization. And they also promised that visitation panel report will be, you know, soon addressed. There are so many of the issues. And the most contentious one is that of IPs. So they said that they are going to see that they integrate the issue of routers into IPs. So I think these are some of the things that the speaker was able to achieve, which the two ministers were unable to do. Not that they were incapable, but I think they were unwilling to address these issues. So that is why the strike dragged for eight months. Okay, so now that the strike has, you know, been called off, dragged for eight months, do you see a possibility of having all of the students getting back to the classroom and what becomes, you know, of the calendar of the school? Yeah, I foresee that, but it all depends on the sincerity of the government at implement what has been agreed upon. So if the government is seen to have taken, you know, a step, a sincere step to address the issues, I think the whole process will continue. And the other thing is that whenever there is a strike, usually after the suspension of the strike or calling up of the strike, whatever the nature of it, but members of ASU redouble their efforts to make for the lost ground, which means that perhaps holidays, vacations, you know, will be suspended, and then there will be all efforts to regain what has been. It will be a double work in order to cease. Sometimes what happens will be changed, but, you know, they all will have to be finished by members of the ASU. So what becomes of, you know, the school calendar? I don't remember. I'm sure that the students will also probably struggle, you know. So we talk about the school and the fact that in a session, you're supposed to have a set in months, number of months will make up a session. And so we have this where in October, November and December, do you think that this would be enough for a session for students to go back and achieve anything? I think it will be enough. Like I said, what is likely going to happen is that the old calendar will have to be changed. Instead of, let's say, like 2021 or let's say 2021-22 session, they may change it to like 2022-23 session and, you know, do away with the previous one because already, you know, the dates, the months have passed, so you can now change the nomenclature of the date, but yet you recover what you have done, what you are supposed to have done in the last session. Would that also affect, you know, those calls, the grades for the student? No, no, no, they will continue on that. You know, one thing is that in Nigeria, we don't have uniform calendar. Some are in 2021, some are in the 2021-22 session, so you cannot unify that one. And where you stop is where you continue.  I don't think they will say we have cancelled it all over and then we have to start it operation. Prof, we don't know the details of the agreement between the federal government and ASU, the House of Representatives and ASU, but what do you expect to happen? Because, I mean, I don't know how many Nigerians would smile upon the Union holding, you know, keeping the students at home for eight months. Nigerians coming out to express support, even protesting in support of the Union, blocking routes to airports and all that. Only for the Union to go back to the classroom without, you know, agreeing to anything with talking about. So what do you expect that they would agree, the federal government would agree that we're going to pay you arrears of salaries, I mean, for the months that you've been at home because that was for the mental demand of the Union. They need the six, seven or eight-month salary to be paid to them whilst they were on strike. They also need, you know, the issues surrounding revitalization fund, visitation panel and all that. Those things need to be sorted out. And then, of course, they are entitlements, basically agreements right from when Jonathan was president. So what do you expect to see happen in terms of agreement? Yeah. Okay. I think, like I said, even though the details are yet to be out, but from what we can gather, I think a lot of things have been, you know, a lot of issues have been addressed. For example, the president in his presentation of the budget set out, you know, some billions that this is going to address the issue of revitalization, which is going to be in the budget. So if it is approved, that is one thing that, you know, has been taken care of. And also there is, there are also statements that about 50 billion has been set up to pay the allowance and that there are also a statement that the government is willing to pay, like, four months, you know, when the thing started and that before the end of the year, they will pay the rest. So these are some of the challenges. And like I said, the issue of the visitation panel also, the government promised that they are going to come up with a white paper on that, which is one of the contentious issues. And then also the issue of IPs. Like what they say, they are going to adjust to the same, to take care of the peculiarities of the institutions. And they say from now on, maybe after this thing has been settled, the governing council will be responsible for the allowance of the university. So these are some of the grounds that I think could be said to be part of the achievement of the speaker. And that perhaps when the detail comes out, I think, you know, people will see that, yes, the negotiation and bargaining is the most effective way of resolving labor dispute. Yes. But, Prof, is it looking at what is, may come out as the agreement?  Because this is what we've been hearing from Chris Ngige. And when the negotiation was handed over to Minutes of Education to take the lead in, is what we kept hearing from him that they had attended to everything. The only matter that was left was the issue of whether they would be paid for the months they were at home, and also the, I think, maybe the IPPIs wasn't really sure. But if this is the situation that the government has, what has changed? Because last time I checked in, Ngige walked out of the meeting. Adama Adamo has not been part of this negotiation between Femme Bajabiamila and the leadership of us. So, would it also end up being justified to have kept students at home for eight months? Yeah, I think that is the bitter truth. You know, the strike in the past place should not have taken place because the government will have addressed these issues long ago. Now, even if it happens, it could have not lasted more than two weeks if there is a willingness only, you know, both parties to address the issue. But unnecessarily, they kept on dragging it and it reached to a level that perhaps there is need for a mediator so that we can now save pace on both sides. And which I think that is what will have happened long ago. The government will have addressed these issues. And now you see what the speaker did. I think is what will have been done much earlier. Because I don't know why the government in its own wisdom decided to drag it. And now that there is this intervention, now they have adjusted the ground which they have done much earlier. Professor Sani, let's just quickly take this one because we call it a wrap in no time, just in a minute or a few seconds. In other words, you're saying that we're dismissing the thoughts that the decision to call of the strike by, you know, ASU is not based on the fact that there was a court ruling because that's what they have said. It's based on the court ruling and that's why. And this is to allow further conversation conditionally. Therefore means that there's a tendency that they might just also go back if, you know, the government does not meet up with it. So are you saying that this is not the case? And if that's what it is, what's the reason that ASU should be lying? I mean, why should they come up and say that we're calling of the strike because of the court ruling and we're giving room for further conversation? What's the essence for other shenanigans? I said court ruling was the major reason why ASU had to shift the ground, you know, to go back to work. But what I'm saying is what buttresses the court ruling and what makes it easier, you know, for ASU to shift ground is also the mediation of the speaker. So it's not only one reason that, you know, led to where we are today, but I think the court ruling is the major reason, but we cannot dismiss the, you know, intervention of the speaker. Because that is why, you know, you have a referendum and, you know, based on the promises in the speakers intervention, that is why you have almost majority of the campuses, you know, agreeing to suspend the, you know, the strike. Otherwise, if not for the combination of these, you know, you have some people who are going and saying that, look, it is not a contempt. If you now, since you have appealed, you can go and challenge the law and so on and so forth. But what makes it easier is the combination of the two. All right.  Yeah. All right. Professor Sanifage, we have some... Professor Sanifage, thank you so much for your time. Thank you. We definitely would have some opportunity to discuss this again. And congratulations to you. I'm sure that your students can't wait to return to the classroom and enjoy from your driven will of knowledge. Thank you so much. Thank you very much. All right. And we have more discussions ahead. Mercy? Definitely. We take a break now. And when we return, we'll be looking at, you know, the flamingos just with us.


This 10th year of Daily Tech News show is made possible by its listeners. Thanks to all of you, including High Tech Oki, Jim Hart, Logan Larson, and Andrew Pearl. On this episode of DTNS, what epics win against Google means. Timu is the most popular Apple app of the year. And Dr. Nicky tells us how chickens were modified not to get the flu. This is the Daily Tech News for Tuesday, December 12th, 2023 in Los Angeles. I'm Tom Merritt. And from Studio Secret Bunker, I'm Sarah Lane. From Tuscaloosa, I'm Dr. Nicky Ackermans and I'm the show's producer, Roger. Dr. Nicky, it's always good to have you on the show. Welcome. Happy to be here. Thank you for bringing chickens. Always. Let's start. However, before we get to the chickens with a quick aperitif of quick hits. Well, E3 has been declared dead quite a few times now. But this time I think it's for real, y'all. The Entertainment Software Association made it official in a statement that said after more than two decades of E3, each one bigger than the last, the time has come to say goodbye. Show promoter Reed Pop said the event did not garner the sustained interest necessary, although it is survived by Summer Game Fest. Memorials could be made to the Los Angeles Convention Center. Customers in Kansas City, North Carolina's Triangle Region, parts of Arizona and Iowa can now sign up for 20 gigabit per second. Internet service from Google Fiber for installation sometime after the first of the year service does come with Wi-Fi seven hardware, which you're going to need if you want to take any advantage of that 20 gig. Wi-Fi seven has a potential maximum of 5.8 gigabits per second. So you'll need to be wired if you want to get the full 20 service will cost two hundred fifty dollars a month. Ain't cheap. Google Fiber does offer slower service elsewhere. Five gigabit per second service in parts of Kansas City, West Des Moines, Iowa and Salt Lake City in Huntsville, Alabama and eight gigabit per second service in a few other limited locations. Couple Apple tidbits today, according to Reuters, the company is offered to let rival mobile payment operators access tap and go NFC technology in the iPhone and iPad to settle EU antitrust charges that were levied against the company last year. And as part of the TV OS 17.2 update, Apple made changes to the interface of its Apple TV app. A new sidebar in the Apple TV app now makes it easier, at least easier to find non-Apple services like Max, Disney Plus, stuff like that. Also, the iTunes apps on iPad and iPhone as well as the TV shows or Movies app on Apple TV will now redirect you to the Apple TV app. The store tabs on the Apple TV app also now let you sign up for streaming services and rent and buy TV shows and movies. Well, good. That's a lot of consolidation, but I think it'll be simpler in the end. Google is saying goodbye to Google Play Movies and TV. Kind of a similar situation here. It moved Android and iOS users to the Google TV app earlier this year and removed the Google Play Movies and TV app from every Roku, most smart TVs and pulled the app from Android TV in October. Although Google Play Movies and TVs is gone for good in January, you'll still be able to access and watch all the shows and movies you've already purchased elsewhere, like on YouTube, for goodness sake. If you're logged in with your same Google ID, you can see them there. Updates to Google Maps now let you save your timeline. That's the encrypted record of where you've been to your device instead of in the cloud. Location history will now automatically delete your data after three months instead of 18 months. You can also now tap the blue dot on the map to bring up your location history options. And you can delete specific things from your location history like the research that you did for my surprise party because you would not want me to know about that, right? But you definitely want to throw me a party, right? These new features are coming to Android and iOS over the coming weeks. I say no because I know you don't like surprise parties.  I've had one surprise party in my life never again. Yeah, no, learn from that. Actually, actually, too. And the second one, I was really mad about. They were mad about it both. All right, let's get to the big news. A jury in the U.S. District Court in Northern California found that Epic proved by the preponderance of the evidence that an antitrust market existed for Android app distribution and in app building billing worldwide, excluding China, and that Google engaged in anti-competitive conduct. So they had to define the market. They had to find antitrust in the market and they had to find Google engaged in anti-competitive conduct in that antitrust market. And they found all three. They also found that Epic was harmed by this conduct because, you know, if Epic hadn't been harmed, it wouldn't matter that Epic had proven that. Jerry also found that Google engaged in restraint of trade with its developer agreements, revenue sharing programs like Project Hug and Games Velocity Program, as well as some of those OEM sales agreements where they say, hey, you got to carry the Google Play Store and don't mention any others. And then then we'll make sure that you get the Google version of Android. Also found that Google unlawfully tied the use of the Google Play Store to the use of Google Play Billing. So that's that's the one where Google says, you can only use our system to charge people in your apps if you want to be in the Google Play Store. So this is a big win for Epic. It's not the end of the road. Google has already said they're going to appeal this. We also haven't got the remediation part. Remember, this is not this is not a criminal trial, so there's no sentencing. Nobody's going to jail, but there is the judge will now take that jury decision and determine fair remediation. That will happen after a couple of meetings in January. Second week of January is going to sit down with representatives from Google and Epic. And here there are arguments about what the remediation should be. But Google is going to appeal that, nonetheless, given that it's still a big win for Epic because, you know, you have a better chance of winning on appeal if you win the first case. I mean, I guess what Google will hope for the most even during the appeals process when sitting down with the judge and figuring things out is that it can convince how this case goes forward to to consider Apple in all of this. So it doesn't seem like Google is shedding developers out of its own ecosystem, because when you add Apple into it, it's like, yeah, there's all sorts of competition here. It's not just. Yeah. I if I'm reading this right, it seems like Android being open source worked against it in this particular case. So so stay with me. In Apple's case, Apple was able to say, we are the makers of the device and the operating system is on the device. There's nobody else. We get to determine what happens on our device and our device exists in a marketplace of other devices out there, right? And the judge, remember, it was not a jury. It was a judge. The judge said that makes sense. But I don't think it makes sense that you can stop your app makers from talking about where else they can be charged. And so that is the point that Apple is appealing to the Supreme Court in the US to see if they can get that part overturned. But Apple won on everything else. In this case, the reason Apple was not found to be antitrust, but Google was was because it was a different argument. The argument was in the world of Android, Google has taken what is an open ecosystem and dominated it. So they have a monopoly position in the Android marketplace. Apple is not part of the Android marketplace, so that the Apple part of it doesn't matter. As long as you define Android as the market we're talking about, then you can show pretty easily that Google dominated it and then abused that domination by saying, and you can't have any other app stores or you have to make it really hard for people to to install them if they're there, you can't mention any other things. You have to use our payment system, although the rest of that follows. So it's not just as simple as like, oh, the courts like Apple and they don't like Google. We've we've got different legal arguments going on here. I'm going to guess this is not going to be. We're not going to have closure on this until, I don't know, a year from now for Lucky. Yeah, because it'll be until January that they get the remediation figured out and then there'll be an appeal and it'll take a while for that appeal to get assigned and heard and then that's probably going to get appealed because whoever loses is going to want to go to the Supreme Court. And then we have to wait for the Supreme Court to decide if it's a kind of legal issue that they want to weigh in on or not. So yeah, I would guess 2025 before we get this whole thing sorted at the earliest. You know, for anybody who's less familiar with the court system than Utah Mayor, for example, I mean, is there ever a situation where a company is so they know that there's going to be appeals and a lot of back and forth and they can just force a case to go straight to the Supreme Court because that's where it's going to end up anyway. Yeah, you can. It's a harder argument to make, though, because the Supreme Court isn't. I think the perception is the Supreme Court is going to disagree with the lower courts. The Supreme Court doesn't work that way. The Supreme Court is looking like, oh, is there a precedent setting issue that you need us to weigh in on? Is that lower court decision such that we need to we need to bring the full force and authority of the of the Supreme Court to bear and settle the issue? Because if it's not, then they'll just let the lower court decision stand. And so you'd have to be really compelling to leapfrog all of that. Usually they want you to work your way through all the arguments. At least that's how I understand it. I ain't a lawyer. Well, what you are is someone who is getting used to it being that retrospective time of the year. Yes, we got lots of best ofs and and Spotify wrapped. And today we're talking about most downloaded iOS apps of 2023. Now, this is just in the US, but drum roll, please. Apple announced today that Chinese e-commerce company Timu was the platform's most downloaded free app in the US in 2023. That's measured by app installs. So had the most momentum. You can think of it that way. Chinese based companies CapCut and TikTok both made by ByteDance came in at number three and number five, respectively. So you might say, well, what about the incumbents, you know, the Metas and the Googles last year's Metas WhatsApp came in at number three. This year it slipped at number nine. Instagram was number four last year. This year it's number six. And Facebook didn't even make the top 10 this year, although Instagram threads made it to the number three spots. Yeah, Google also did its usual showing up on this list, but a little lower than usual. Two in the three in the top 10, somewhat disappointing for YouTube, which fell from number two to number eight. Google search, Boyd by Bard was in front of YouTube at number seven. And then Gmail came in 10th. But data from Apptopia shows that Timu ruled the roost because it got people to want to use it a lot. It was an average of 18 minutes a day on average for US users. Compared to 10 minutes a day for Amazon, so it's almost twice. Timu has a few tricks to keep people engaged in the app. There's in-app games. You can win rewards and coupons with those games. Bargain prices for items that seem unbelievable. And sometimes maybe they are and some time-based deals. So the Timu app is not specific to the United States. It's available in more than 40 countries. It's technically headquartered in Ireland, but there's a Chinese company involved and there's a lot of corporate maneuvers to separate Timu from that Chinese company. Kind of the way ByteDance tries to separate TicTac, but a little more successful than that. But yeah, it's been it's been pretty huge in the US this year. So I have to just be super honest and say when I when I read these stats, I mean, some of it was a little surprising like Facebook, not even in the top 10. But you have to assume we're talking US users. I mean, if you already have the Facebook app, it doesn't mean you're not using it. Just means you weren't installing it for the first time. So definitely a momentum shift. However, I was not familiar with Timu until today, years old. Wow. I know. And I mentioned it to Tom. And Tom was like, you're kidding. And I said, no, I asked a few other friends, you know, just kind of people who know these things. And two of them said, oh, yeah, but I only really know it because people sometimes hawk Timu items within their TikToks. So there's a lot of cross promo that's going on. TikTok is the number two app, by the way. So it, you know, had the number one spot in 2022 and didn't fall much in 2023. People were still installing this year. TikTok was number five. TikTok was number five. Yes, sorry. And but number one last year. And yeah, so I spent some time on Timu. Boy, is it chaotic? If you want to compare it to something like Amazon, I'm also really used to the way Amazon is laid out. And people might think that's chaotic when they first use it as well. But you can get a lot of stuff on Timu. And the prices, and I think, Tom, you've been burned by this once or twice. The prices seem like ludicrously low. You know, it's like a kitchen item that would be, I don't know, 30, 40 dollars at William Sonoma. And it's like 250. Yeah. All right. Well, there's some shipping costs, I suppose. But geez, you know, these prices are, I can see what people are saying. You've got to tell them this is the cheapest you're ever going to find anything. I know people who have bought successfully on Timu. Eileen and I are not one of those people yet. We bought some of it is probably our own inattention. We bought some molds to make triangle gimbab. So to make a little rice ball things. And they were like half the size of what you normally need for that. So we got they were like, oh, my gosh, we can make very tiny triangles.  Those things leaps like crazy. They just did not work at all. I feel like there's one other thing that I'm not remembering right now. But yeah, we have not had a lot of Timu luck. Seems like he would have bought you or are you a team user on TikTok? And I've very staunchly kind of held myself back from installing it just in terms of ethics. Like there's no way that any of that stuff is produced ethically at that price. I already have like unsubscribed from Amazon Prime. So I don't think I'll be taking the step towards Timu. But I'm not surprised that it's that it's up there because things are getting really expensive and people can't afford Amazon. So that's what they're heading towards that makes sense. And I'm not surprised about Facebook being down at the bottom. When's the last time you open Facebook? Like, yeah, it's really running out of favor. So it all kind of tracks. It's the changing of the guard here. You know, Timu and Sheehan or Shine, depending on how you pronounce it. Those those are the big shopping apps in a very clearly, at least on iOS. Timu wins. But then CapCut, like Sarah said, owned by ByteDance, like ties in with TikTok, TikTok on the rise. Threads is brand new. That one on the rise. Max forced everybody to read their app. So that's how it gets up there. And then, yeah, the older those older apps, YouTube, Facebook, Google, even WhatsApp, just kind of drifting down down the charts there. It's it's it's a sea change. Yeah. Yeah.  Those are in their own category. Top free game was Monopoly Go. Top paid game in the US was Minecraft. These are all US. Apple arcade games don't feature top charts. So if it's a subscription game, it's kind of in its own category and just wasn't part of what was counted here. But not not a ton of surprises, except for Timu. And that's just because I'm a little late to the game. If you don't know it, then, hey, I was I was you this morning. Now I know that there are 18 whisks left in that beautiful pink color. And I better get on it. And each one is ninety seven cents. This deal won't last. Yeah, I was a little surprised that Roblox didn't win free iPhone game, but it did win free iPad game. So that makes sense. And I know so many people use Procreate, which is number one iPad paid app and also in the top of the iPhone paid as well, I think. Yeah, it's number three Procreate pocket. So that that one made sense to me, too. But you know what? Can't wait to see the Android one. We'll keep an eye out for that. Meanwhile, if you want to get some Android news in your life, you're going to want to listen to Android faithful, Ron Richards, when to a doubt, bring the latest Android news and information every week. And this week, you cannot miss it. Jason Howell will be joining them to talk about what's next for him. Post twit, you might say that this show will be all about Android. So check it out. Android faithful Tuesdays at 8 p.m. Eastern 5 p.m. Pacific YouTube dot com slash Daily Tech News show and subscribe to the feed at Android faithful dot com. So Dr. Nicky came today to talk about GMO chickens. Why we're going to find out. But let's start with GMO, because a lot of people may not know that that is not a way to finance your new car. What is GMO, Nicky? Yeah, this actually came up on on a Good Day Internet segment. Roger, I think, asked about that. And I said, you know what, I'll cover that next month. So here we are. GMO is a genetically modified organism. I think most people know that far. So it can be a plant, a microbe or an animal where a change has been made to its genome. Usually when people say this, they mean that the change has been made by genetic engineering, where genes are either introduced, enhanced or deleted within a species. But technically, selective breeding is also a form of genetic modification. So instead of adding or removing genetic material, it relies on the conscious selection and breeding for desired traits. So technically, your cats and dogs are GMOs. Right. And peas, all those peas in the Punnett Square. Yeah. Yes. Mendel's peas are also GMOs. How long have GMOs been in use? So actually the first kind of use, not commercially, but just general use, maybe in research of GMOs is since the 70s, when they genetically engineered E. Coli, but from at least the sort of research part, not the selective breeding, that's since we domesticated plants. But, you know, it's been used in all kinds of places. A lot of people, of course, think about it in food, but it's been used from agriculture to pest eradication to research. You know, obviously, transgenic mice genetically modified. And some of the really important projects, just I wanted to cover the swath of like what's out there would include bringing the American chestnut tree back from the brink of extinction, super important ecologically, creating nutrient enriched golden rice to combat malnutrition, as well as malaria resistant mosquitoes and now potentially flu resistant chickens. Now, that would be mosquitoes who just are incapable of carrying malaria, keeping the rest of us safer. Love that idea. All right, so I know that in order to understand this fully, we have to first explain CRISPR, right? Yes, CRISPR is not the order for how to cook your chicken. It's also a genetic technique. It stands for clustered regularly interspace short palindromic repeats. And I feel like I don't need to explain further than that. No, just kidding. The name is not super helpful, but it's a technique that's basically used to selectively modified DNA strands. Basically, it's genetic scissors. So it was actually adapted for use in the laboratory from a naturally occurring genome editing system that bacteria can do on their own. And they cut out virus, virus segments in their own DNA. And so scientists actually won the 2020 Nobel Prize in chemistry for figuring out how to bring this into the lab. Very, very basically, the CRISPR DNA is a repetitive strand of DNA that gets transcribed into RNA, so basically a carbon copy of it. And this RNA message then guides a specific protein to cut a targeted region where you would either then remove or insert a new sequence in its stead. And that's very basically CRISPR. Yeah, so it makes it easier to go in and modify the DNA. And then from there, the RNA makes the new whatever it is that you're trying to make. It makes it possible. Yeah, yeah, yeah. So what did we do to the chickens with it? Yes, so now we got to the chickens. And this project, the scientists who are working on this project from the University of Edinburgh have been working on it for 30 years. So, you know, if you haven't gotten your thing to work yet, just keep trying is what they said. They were successful in using CRISPR to create chickens that are resistant to the real life dose of the avian flu virus. In order to do this, they found the key gene that was for growing avian influenza in birds, but not in human cells. And they use CRISPR specifically to introduce mutations into this gene. And that way, they're able to breed chicks that didn't have the capacity of producing a certain protein, which would then be co-opted by the avian flu. So when they inoculated these baby chicks with the bird food, they didn't become infected. And it's only after they reached a dose about 1000 times higher than normal that they did get infected. But even then the infection progressed at a slower rate than it usually would. And the gene-edited birds still were a little bit less likely to spread the virus. But as you know, viruses are really tricky. They mutate. Obviously, this is not a one end solution because they can mutate so well. Viruses could very well change around this gene edit. And that would include potentially getting pushed towards developing a stronger variant of the bird flu or maybe becoming better adapted to transmit to mammals, which we really don't want. Some scientists are saying that multiple gene edits instead of just one could restrict this risk, though. Yes, so I hanging out in the organic section at a supermarket. Anyone will see lots of non-GMO stickers and labeling. And I think a lot of people go, oh, GMO, that's not bad. Is it dangerous to eat? I mean, it can be right. But what about what about these chickens? Are we going to have to, I don't know, change the other nutritional structure that we as humans need to stay healthy? So, of course, these chickens, they just came out with this a month or two ago. So there's going to be a whole entire slew of regulatory controls before these things even get anywhere close to market. But these small gene edits that they made with CRISPR mimic mutants that actually already exist in nature since we talked about those bacteria. And so because of that, the regulatory barriers are slightly lower. But, you know, GMOs, unless they're edited to create something toxic, like a pesticide, if they're just edited to make your food more nutritious or maybe just stronger roots or whatever they edit for, we've been eating GMOs, you know, since we invented plant domestication, if you want to think about it that way. Or since the 90s, where there's been GMO tomatoes on the shelves forever. I would eat GMOs for breakfast, lunch and dinner, honestly. And we can definitely chat about this. But honestly, the main hurdle after regulation to this is whether consumers understand what it is and whether they actually want to purchase the project. A lot of GMO products that are very good for us are still facing this problem in stores today. Yeah, I think GMO has become slightly less useful as a label because it can be used to mean all kinds of things on the one end of the scale, something entirely uncontroversial like the slow genetic modification of corn from being a very tiny and possible to eat thing to the delicious sweet corn we have today. And then on the other hand, and there are uses of genetic modification that should not be allowed, right? And there are regulations against those. So it's kind of a catch all sometimes for people who just don't like a thing. I think something like golden rice is essential to the welfare of humanity. If you didn't have those micronutrients bred into rice, a lot of people would be sicker and live less long. So so, yeah, I think this is this is something that is interesting. And I think this is a very responsible story, the way you're passing it along, which is they were able to keep the chickens from getting the flu. But they're not saying, so let's use this. They're saying, but we need to make sure this doesn't create an even worse version of the flu before we start putting this in a bunch of chickens. Right. Yeah. And I think GMO is kind of a marketing problem, like you said, the golden rice. It's golden rice is made like at least a decade ago. And it it's not selling because people don't want to eat GMO. And it's literally just nutrient dense rice. Like it's not there's you're not going to get transmitted a mutant and become a dinosaur because you ate rice. Like I know that's what people want to hear. But the only bad GMOs that I know of right now are the fact that places like Monsanto have patented their seeds and that makes it harder for farmers to buy them. Like usually you just grow your own seeds. But so it kind of creates this monopoly on agriculture. That's not great. Actually, it's terrible. But in terms of things that we can eat, there's they wouldn't sell something that's bad for you or else it wouldn't sell good, so it doesn't make sense. And also I saw a GMO sticker on a salt packet the other day. And salt doesn't have any Gs to M because it's not an O. Right. So they must have been adding something to the salt. No, it's just not a GMO, which is true. But like they weren't. Oh, it was a way to say, don't worry, this is very safe salt. Oh, they were saying it's GMO free because it is because it could. It's a rock. All right, no, I got you. Yeah, right. I would like to note that this pen is also GMO free. This DTS mug available online is also in fact. Every email that we've gotten today is GMO free. Let's check out. Cameron sent us a good one with lots of interesting thoughts about large language models, including his preferred metaphor for choosing a chat bot. Cameron says it's closer to how word processing works or filters in that the future, each in the future, each big product will have it and will have advantages and disadvantages. But it'll be more about being an important feature to keep people on the product. Google Drive could do word processing. Microsoft Word Online or locally installed can do word processing. But we expect them all to be about the same until somebody asks for something special. I like this. This is a good analogy. I welcome more analogies to this because, yeah, it chat bots, LLMs could be like spell check, right? And in fact, in a lot of ways, they kind of are where it's just a feature that's built in and your word processor can have varying levels of, you know, kinds of features. And some word processors have better versions of those features than others based on what LLM they're using. Thank you, Cameron. That's a good one. Also, thanks to you, Dr. Nicky Ackermans for bringing the GMO knowledge and the crispy chicken to the show today. Let folks know where they can keep up with your work. Absolutely. I'm always findable on my website, nicoleackermans.com, still on X as Ackermans, Nicole and on Blue Sky as Nicole Ackermans. Blue Sky, not Blue Ski, Blue Sky. Blue Ski, you can have a Blue Ski while you drink. Although I haven't checked that in ages, but I'm there. Patrons, stick around for the extended show, Good Day Internet. Netflix just released its first engagement report. This is not about marriage. It's about hours viewed. It details the hours viewed of 18,000 Netflix titles from the first half of this year. Can you guess the most watched Netflix show? Stick around and we'll tell you. Reminder, you can catch our show live Monday through Friday at 4 p.m. Eastern. That's 2100 UTC. You can find out more at dailytechnewshow.com slash live. We're back tomorrow talking about the end of E3, the end of an era with Scott Johnson. Talk to you then. E zero. This show is part of the Frog Pants Network. Get more at frogpants.com. Simon Club hopes you have enjoyed this program.


We are here at the Red Hat Summit and we are going to talk about CoreS and Red Hat. Now these two companies I love very much so I'm kind of interested in you know to learning you know how this integration work. So we have with us Brand. Brand can you tell us a bit about yourself before we kind of get into CoreS and Red Hat. Sure, thanks for having me. My name is Brian Graceley. I'm director of product management, product strategy for the OpenShift team. Been at Red Hat for about two and a half years and just we're finishing up a great Red Hat Summit right now. Right, so there are like if you look at CoreS there are like a couple of products there. There was Container Lakes Linux and they have Tectonic which is Kubernetes and then they have Rocket which is I think Container Run Time or something like that and and they have... Quay, the registry. Yes. So how are these products going to get integrated with the Red Hat or will they remain independent? Right, so so the acquisition happened at the end of January. The engineering teams have basically lived together for the last three plus months and we've kind of kept it quiet just because we knew Summit was coming up. We wanted to give them time to put things together. In essence when we looked at these these two product sets we said you know there's an element of having a Kubernetes platform that you want to be simple to run and maintain. People are trying to make something that seems just like the public cloud but for anywhere and then there's a part of a platform that you realize that the more customers want to put more applications on there it's got to have a certain amount of robustness to be able to deal with lots of different use cases right. So the things we've done is we basically our mindset has been let's take the bolt the best of what both of those two platforms did so the OpenShift platform the Tectonic platform and put those together in a very thoughtful way so that we get the best of operations so that it's a simpler platform to run simpler to deploy applications but also the robustness and experience that Red Hat's had in terms of you know working with lots of different customer use cases that the CoreOS team never got exposed to. So you highlighted three or four products that let's stick with this OpenShift and so what is going to be the final product? Will it still be OpenShift and you will just you know merge the Tectonic technologies or there'll be a new product line? Yeah so we're gonna have from a Kubernetes perspective we will have one brand the brand will be OpenShift. Okay. So let's start with the host level so we'll start with CoreOS. So what we did is we said you know what became Container Linux originally CoreOS Container Linux what that did incredibly well was all of the automated operations over-the-year updates. Right. The one thing that it didn't necessarily have was it was built on a kernel like a Gen2 kernel which didn't necessarily have the breadth of applications certified against it that REL has had in the past. So what we did was we are taking the work that the previous Atomic team had done around you know miniaturizing the REL kernel for a immutable container bringing over the automated updates and over the air work and that repackaging will be called Red Hat CoreOS. Oh interesting. So the the Atomic brand will sunset over time Red Hat CoreOS will be our container centric immutable. So that will replace the project sorry Red Hat Atomic host. Yes. Okay. Yes. And that will be mostly is it rebranded Container Linux or Container Linux plus you know what you explain you know bringing all those capabilities to that. So really the way we look at it is there's two really important pieces we want to have the best of the operations right over the air and then we want to make sure that every ISV that's ever certified against the REL kernel can continue to just work right so we get the best of certifications customers don't have to go through any process but they get you know brand new operational model if that's what they choose to have. So that's the first step we're going to you know our offerings will be still available on REL if customers want that but also now on Red Hat CoreOS. Excellent. Okay. So that's the host level. Okay. The second thing is at the platform level the Kubernetes platform level and what we really found was when we talked to tectonic customers what tectonic delivered was a really great operation centric Kubernetes cluster centric viewpoint right what it didn't do was anything that was a really developer centric application centric DevOps centric so no pipelines no middleware no service catalogs and so forth. So what we're going to do is we're going to bring over the tectonic console so so a richer set of of operation level viewpoints we're going to to bring that into OpenShift so the brand that will continue there will be OpenShift. OpenShift's had a much richer enterprise footprint for true deployments for Kubernetes and so what what we'll end up having is if you are an application centric person logging into the platform you will see what you used to see with OpenShift very application centric very robust in terms of building applications. If you log in as an administrator you're going to see what's going to look and feel like the tectonic console all the Prometheus work so our belief is that we're going to now have a richer we're going to have as rich an experience for the application developer we're going to have a richer experience for the operator and then the third immediate piece that we'll do is we're going to take the tectonic platform operator and make it infinitely simpler to to manage and update that platform because we're getting Kubernetes updates every quarter. That's interesting because I don't know how I put it but depending on who you talk to sometimes OpenShift is seen as a not for but distribution of you know Kubernetes you know quite you know kind of far from upstream communities but tectonic was also always seen as you know kind of always upstream so is that correct? So not tech not not 100% so tectonic was always just upstream right that was the claim was just upstream and then obviously they integrated Prometheus they integrate flannel and so just taking upstream tectonic or Kubernetes never gives you enough to do everything you still have to have network storage monitor right so that was tectonic. OpenShift was always is still is everything from upstream Kubernetes and then there are some additional things that we have done that we will get back into mainstream Kubernetes but that we had done ahead of the community the community just didn't have the ability to accept them so there's some more advanced routing capabilities we have in there one or two little things but from purely a Kubernetes perspective any customer who wants to grab any Kubernetes tool from the community kubectl kube anything everything works exactly as you would expect in in OpenShift and always has. So okay so that how challenging is this integration because you know as you said you know operators will see different tectonics if I'm not wrong and then we will see you know OpenShift so how long will it take to integrate it? So so we've already got some some baseline integration done so three months we've got that done we showed a bunch of live demos this week the next release of OpenShift which will be 3.10 which aligns to Kubernetes 1.10 will be out sort of the end of June okay that will be the first time customers will see sort of tech preview of these early integrations so you know roughly four months window pretty pretty good for two for two teams and then we'll see further things in in 3.11 and 312 so for the second half of the year you're going to start to see a lot of these things come out okay the other really big thing that we're doing as part of this is that operator framework that CoreOS had initiated probably 18 months ago they had delivered a Prometheus operator an etcd operator and a vault operator last week at kubecon we we open sourced that to the entire Kubernetes community which was great we saw a lot of interest in it we've actually and then this week we talked about it as something that will be you know fully integrated fully supported by by the OpenShift platform and we got 60 or 70 ISVs who signed up and said we're fully behind this we actually saw five or six database vendors in the last week who have built working functional operators so our belief is that's going to be the new way that that ISVs are going to package their software they're consistently telling us Kubernetes is going to be sort of the new unit of compute that they're going to build against and and people love this idea that I'm going to use an operator to basically build a you know an on-demand service that'll run anywhere sort of self-driving it's got lifecycle management built in it's got an SDK to allow you to have all the knowledge about your application it'll do some basic metering so you know what's going on so that that's for us really really exciting now there are two more pieces left yep so so quay the registry from quay will will continue in the form that it was before so previously it was a standalone registry as well as an online SaaS service those will continue they'll simply be rebranded red hat quay and red hat quay dot IO over time we will probably see the the software version of quay get integrated into the platform but for now the ecosystem is still we like the fact that there's lots of choices for customers so quay continues we doubling down on quake customers love everything we've seen about quay so far tons of customer testimonials about it and last piece is arcade year rocket yeah so rocket rocket is not gone but rocket sort of served its purpose probably two or three years ago right when you know in essence core OS and really the whole community said you know what we don't we know we learned our lesson in the virtualization days where one vendor dictated the format we don't want that to happen again so you know rocket essentially became the OC the the foundation of the OCI the opening initiative there were a lot of push from chorus folks and other people you know to a lot of get Docker on the yeah so I mean core OS spearheaded that we made a ton of contribution so you know it's been a little bit now but but OCI 1.0 is out so in essence that we now have a standard around around containers you know you can still use Docker you can use OCI we're seeing the Kubernetes community adopt something called CRIO you know CRI for the run times so we're seeing now a lot of innovation around are there alternative run times that you know are more secure and so forth we announced some things this week called build on pod man and some other stuff but so rocket for the most part has been deprecated there's still a few engineers in the community that work on it but we've kind of got everybody's gotten behind sort of OCI compliant run times so that does kind of the whole history of integration I'll go back to the container OS part once more because I talked to CentOS folks and Fedora folks also and since Fedora and CentOS is kind of upstream to REL right so what so what is who is going to be upstream for Red Hat core OS so the the original container Linux right before we made any integration that community that code base will still remain open source there are still non core OS maintainers that we're working on that so we don't want to disrupt that community we'll still see core OS engineers you know keeping that going because there will be innovation that continues to happen around immutable right we'll take those you know we'll work in that community we'll take those learnings we'll put those into Red Hat core OS the the Red Hat core OS since it will now be based off the Fedora kernel we'll see you know work kind of core OS work going on in that community as well and bringing those learnings overall to the Fedora community right so you know over time you know we always talk about the importance of the operating system but there as we get into more fast-moving environments like you know people want better ways to operate them you know they want to deal with them it's mutable they want to deal with updates and so forth so I think we're going to see a lot of cross learning between these couple of communities just there's learning in the immutable community that is going to get exposed to the Fedora community that we think is going to be really good we're going to you know sort of new ideas refreshing of ideas but this doesn't look very structured the way Red Hat has things are still like you know sent to us is there Fedora is there so well there's a very structured way between you know Fedora is sort of the I mean Fedora has sponsors communities fully community driven but it's sponsored and funded by Red Hat right so what will happen to the Kuru is the Continuous Linux Community right now you're seeing a lot of non-course developers are there yeah so we will still support that community and endorse that just like we have Fedora you know if it continues to grow that's great and and we will continue to support and endorse the Fedora one as well so you know for us this is an opportunity there's a realization that managing Linux host is evolving the entire market's not going to go in one direction or the other just lots of things so we want to make sure that fundamentally we know how to work in in open-source communities we have no plans to change that we we still believe that the operating system is very important it's evolving and changing so we want to make sure we're actively involved with that and we've learned through a number of acquisitions and some good and some bad like you you don't want to do harm to an existing community and so you know same way that we're not going to leave any existence on it yet we're not going to leave we're not leaving any existing tectonic customer behind right we're not going to leave a community behind either right yeah because sometime if you do touch community it is perceived yeah that you are kind of taking over yeah so you have to be very careful that's true yeah awesome thank you so much for talking to me today and we'll catch with you in the next open source event absolutely thank you very much