I've streamed thanks for stopping by today. We've got a lot of things to go or so let's just jump right in So as a thumbnail title suggests, it was a pretty good interview with Kathy Wood from Ark Investment And you know, we had just talked about here yesterday as she had sold off some of her positions in Grayscale Bitcoin Trust, but this one it was it was in eight minutes She broke down so much information I had we had to do a double dose of Kathy and what's what she actually had to say So before I jump into that just so everybody knows if you're not paying attention I know a lot of you are but it looks like inflation's going down. So this is good news I just rely on Ben to give me the information because I'm too lazy to look it up But yeah headline CPI just get headline CPI 3.2% looks like the expectation was 3.3 So we're down a little bit and that's the government's expectations. So not too bad And of course CPI is at 4% and of course that strips out Food and energy and the expectation was 4.1% So things are going in the right direction even true flation It looks like we're actually merging or coming and kind of closing the gap. So Maybe somebody's right. Maybe we actually might actually hit a soft landing But we'll see how that goes as time progresses. So that of course is the macro events. Everybody's happy fantastic This Was fan was fantastica I guess I could say and this is Kathy Wood head of Ark Invest And of course they are up right now for their ETF and the ETF schedules looking like this doesn't look like anybody's going to be approved this year But you know, there was a just a post just recently that all of these could have gotten approved within like the last Eight to nine days. I don't know if that's going to happen But we are patiently awaiting it over Ark 21 shares their final deadline is january 10th And uh, that will be their final deadline I think it's interesting to see if if the sec bypasses them and says no or approves every single one And if they don't approve ark, uh, the next one will be black rock in march 15 I just think myself wouldn't it be interesting if the sec just bypasses ark and approves everybody else? I don't know Uh, I mean only time will tell no one has a crystal ball. Although there have been some reports that this is going to happen within 90 percent People confidence saying that that definitely will happen. We will see but Kathy today. She talked a lot of things in eight minutes And one of the things she talked about she talked about a spot ETF as far as like retail versus institution How likely the sec is to actually approve? She even talked about why they haven't approved so far and the thing that she said is exactly what I've been saying Moving forward and then of course The big thing that people talk about is are we talking about buy the room or sell the news and and a couple of different things And also about a super wallet So I want to go over these all these things in detail. There is uh six different pieces I have broke down so you don't have to watch the whole eight minutes But uh, this first part is spot ETF and the difference between uh, retail versus institution So, uh, first of all, let me let me stop That's great And let me actually share this you can actually see it and the tab itself want the audio to be crystal clear So you can hear this. So just take a listen. This first clip is about 20 seconds or so so I think uh, these these um strategies will be more probably institutionally focused and and I think the the spot coin uh, bitcoin ETF will be perhaps more retail focused. Is that something you want to do eventually? Uh, uh a spot bitcoin. Yes. Yes. What's interesting about it is if you look at the pecking order Our filing is next in line. No, I know you're you're Oh, I know I know you're next in line. So yeah, I just wanted to bypass that real quick Yeah, and again, it's very interesting to see what'll actually happen. So If the sec is going to approve it I think I think they have to really improve it in january So be wouldn't it be interesting though them just kind of bypass arc and just go Okay, everybody else has approved bad. We'll see that was the first piece And the next piece is how likely the sec is to actually approve this and there was some pretty Great insight for what she's having what she has to say because remember her company Her investment company, uh, they are on the front lines of goodness actually approved and what she says about what the sec is Actually doing maybe say, huh? Maybe i'm wrong Maybe they will actually approve it just because of how stringent and how focused they are just take a listen This is about a minute or so The change is that the sec actually asked us questions. I think asked us questions asked black rock probably has asked a lot Whereas before our filings were just rejected at right, okay So that is movement that is significant and you know over the years I've gotten to know the research people at at the sec and I'm very impressed and I was impressed by the questions. They asked us too. So What were the kinds of questions they asked? A lot of them were very technical. They're all about protecting the consumer and you know, of course Uh, the the the showstopper at least from gary gensler's point of view is he thinks Bitcoin can be manipulated and you know, this is a decentralized transparent network You can follow you can follow all the activity online. It's highly unlikely And she's right. It is highly unlikely And uh, that is a lesson actually for senator elizabeth warn as she brought that nonsense to congress where she said that's All the different terrorist groups, especially hamas was actually being funded by crypto angel assets And they were using a ton of it and I said I've been saying this for years that if you're going to do anything As far as like illegal and as far as like if you're doing if you're like a cartel A legal operation or a terrorist the dumbest place you could possibly do that is on an open immutable ledger for everybody to see But hey, that's just me So again, like when she talks about those things and she's like and she's saying that hey, they're very being very stringent They're really asking us some really smart questions They're trying to get us to give them the best feedback and these researchers are very precise and concise And what they want to see and I think to myself and we all know my position here My position is I'm like, I don't think it's going to be approved because it hasn't been approved And I've talked about this at length because I think gary works for the white house He works the by an administration the by an administration. I actually hate bitcoin and cryptocurrency digital assets There's multiple ports that have come out That's my my my philosophy everybody else is like no, it's going to be approved and like I've said before Hopefully it is approved. I would rather be wrong And rich than right and poor. So I'm hoping that it actually does However Because of the insight that kathie actually has they ask her a very smart question Well, if they're doing this much work in this much effort Why hasn't them been approved already because it seems to me that if gary Taught crypto and digital assets at mit to a vast amount of students. He knows exactly what it is. He knows That if you can actually get in there and if you can manipulate the blockchain hint, he can't He knows as far as manipulation goes. So why is he pushing this back? This was a great response and this kind of optimized. I'm like, yeah, it's exactly what I've been saying So just take a listen to this next piece. This is about 30 seconds or so About why gary and the sec will not approve The spot ETF take a listen Could be that because he taught he understands kathy. He's got enough Not not many people do a lot of people don't have enough knowledge about how it works To make an informed decision about bitcoin. He taught at mit about so he understands That it's not a Ponzi scheme or a beanie baby. So there has to be Something else. Well, I I don't know what it is. I have wondered there's speculation That he's interested in the treasury secretary position at some point. What does the treasury secretary Protecting fiat from the government. I mean it very focused on I don't know I don't understand it myself because he definitely understands. So it's there's something else There's something else and that's what it was Look everybody's saying everybody says that that gary is is a puppet of black rock and he just a money Hungry person and I'm like I'm telling you right now gary made a boatload of money. I don't know if he needs more money I don't know if he needs but you know what people can never Satiate their appetite from his power and position And what she just said was made a lot of sense to me when she's saying that yeah He's jockeying for a position for yellen's position is in the treasury and he wants to move up And maybe he wants to do something else. So to do that. He's got to serve the almighty master Who's the almighty master? I'll let you decide who that actually is But I will just Share one little piece here and when she talks about the dollar and the strength of the dollar and and of course That's what they want to prop up yet. Remember The dollar or the dixie itself I mean it's seen better days And with the amount of debt that the united states is actually in and undergoing currently It would be who the dollar and the government to make sure that the dollar remains strong I pulled this data from ben's website. This is The dixie which is the strength of dollar versus versus a basket of different other currencies And you need to see that this right here in the blue is bitcoin Not only this is the strength of the dixie the dxy and you can see it's almost Perfectly inverse. I'm not saying it's perfectly inverse But it is pretty diverse when the when the strength of bitcoin goes up The strength of the dixie the dollar goes down when the dollar goes up Bitcoin goes down when bitcoin do you get what I'm saying here, right? I'm not talking to myself. So When we take a look at this, I'm like that makes a lot of sense Now is that the only thing can gary push back the tide which is the inevitability of a bitcoin spot ETF Not forever But the question is can he push it back long enough past january and past march I don't have an answer for that because I don't have a crystal ball Let me know as you think about that in the comment section and then To finish up with kathy. She had some really good points. I never even thought about which was she's talking about a super wallet and She's talking about a super wallet. She talked about is this a buy the rumor sell the news so take a listen to these these two pieces this one again, it's about a minute or so long And you make the this you make the call on this one about if it's buy the rumor sell the news or not Anticipation and there could even be a sell on the news But the fundamentals we put out a bitcoin monthly piece every month And you can see the health of the network using our on-chain metrics the health of the network is Almost as good as it gets and it seems like this is a bull market. Sure. We'll have puts and takes nothing goes straight up But I think this flight to quality Larry Fink used that expression We call it flight to safety you look at what happened during the regional bank crisis Bitcoin went from 19,000 to nearly 30,000 As the the kre the bank the regional bank stock index was imploding if you look at the bank Stock index today. It is back down close to where it was in march So when uh when larry might say flight to quality, which is good. It's true We would say flight to safety because there's no counter party risk in bitcoin in terms of the etc So I got to go with that and then like she said, you know, it's not going to go like straight up in a line Nothing ever does even in the the bullish of bull markets There's always going to be a little bit of pullback and a little bit of stagnation a little bit But I think this will be good I think that will potentially be a buy the rumor sell the news but in the long run I think we're all in the right place at the right time and in this part was the most interesting I had never thought about this which was she talks about super wallets And beforehand in this little clip, but I'm going to skip this part where she talks about coin-based robin hood twitter Or now it's called x square and other different banks across the world like in brazil new bank And she talks about the ones that will actually make this super wallet will be the big winners And I thought to myself that was a pretty damn good observation. So take a listen to this one and tell me what you think Think that each of them has a very good opportunity in the digital wallet space Basically, if you think about we chat pay that kind of digital wallet where all financial services take place There's peer to peer interaction. There's commerce over it We believe that um, you know, the rails in the united states have been good enough But uh, we chat pay showed the way and I think we have but is that a one player winner meaning, you know And by the way, you know on musk would like to be that winner with x if you could be absolutely Absolutely, and you know, I think he's got big plans. Absolutely. He started in the fintech space and of course sold out to PayPal. So so Right there. That was pretty good And if you read between the lines of what she's talking about the super bank or the super wallet is going to be the big winner and So i'm an american And I am uh an unapologetically proud american But there's one thing that we lack and that's a super wallet like say a we chat and when we take a look at it Like if you're in america, you may have never seen this and of course other places around the world You're like that's just we chat. What's the big deal? We don't have this We don't have this This is the super wallet This is we chat From what I can see now that might be updates might look a little bit different right now I get it right but it's like one One wallet one app to rule them all like for us to like order a taxi. That's uber for us for Utilities that's a separate app for whatever different utility come with them actually have as far as like movie tickets That's the amc theater. So that's a different app And it's kind of hard to get all these different apps together because we americans have like A hundred apps on their phone. We don't have just one we chat or something like that And when she says like the one who actually wins Or makes this like super wallet this super app is going to be the big winner. I thought to myself. Yeah, that's very true You know who's trying to do that and she said in the clip Elon musk And I will remind everybody not that I think this is a lock That's what I'm saying But if you look at elon musk's account right now, he's got two logos still In his account For x his baby his one main play not one main play his one big app He's got the logo of x And you see this thing right next to it That's the dogecoin app. Now. Maybe he just does that to troll Maybe he just does that to just put it in there because he always talks about he thinks it's fun He's got a sense of humor However, if you think about it He has talked a lot about dogecoin and maybe that could be the rails Of what he's going to choose and he said multiple times They're not going to create a separate crypto or digital assets for x They're not going to do that. It's going to be something else. I think it potentially be dogecoin Some people say well, there's x there would why couldn't be x or p or why couldn't be bitcoin? Why couldn't be the lighting network? Why couldn't be this or that? It could be any of those things I'm just saying to me. It's just interesting of what he has here Moving forward and maybe that's something for you to look at as far as like Doing your own research and all that good stuff So then to finish up and this was I think the most one of the more interesting parts was this because everybody asked me the same question What about altcoins? What about the altcoins? What should we get into? Well, Kathy's going to tell you right now as far as everything outside of bitcoin and what they're looking at and I thought this was uh I thought this was pretty telling about which winners they're picking. So this is about a minute and a half or so Just take a listen Whoops seven oh There Sure, uh, the reason we have focused as much on ether ethereum as we have is we think, you know That is the smart contract network. That is the decentralized finance network So bitcoin and ether anything beyond that. Well, you know, there are infrastructure players Solana, uh, is doing a really good job. I mean if you look at, uh, ether was Faster and cheaper than bitcoin in the day. That's that's how we got ether Solana is even faster and cost-effective than ether. So, you know, there are infrastructure plays We do believe web three digital assets, uh, uh, that's that's a a big idea actually digital assets with property rights first time ever Uh online that we're seeing property rights Some bears with bitcoin and said, okay, there will be a bitcoin 2.0 Someone comes up with I don't know whether there's something more perfect. There were so many Is there anything more perfect? Can there be something more perfect than? I think most people understand that bitcoin is the money revolution. This is the first global A lot of people don't understand that because they haven't read anything about it, right private So no government over oversight digital very important rules based monetary sister system in history and art laffer My professor mentor and friend when he thought we we did our first paper on and took our first position in bitcoin in 2015 When he understood what this was he said, I've been waiting for this Since they closed the gold window Yeah, so there's a couple things done pack. I'm going to start in reverse what you talked about You know the last question was is there going to be something better than bitcoin 2.0? Is that that's not going to actually come about There could be a bitcoin 2.0. That could be and we we see it. There's Bitcoin that transactions per second. I think it's 7 tps. It's super expensive To to use and we can't use it for transactions right now and people say like now working so-and-so worth Yeah, great But as far as like what it is, I think it's more of a pretty good store of value It's something to you know to keep into your portfolio when people say there's something that's going to come along and just knock it off In 2000 remember this was white paper 2008 genesis block 2009 When this all happened the people got into it wasn't battle tested So people could just say yeah, we could just create something like that It was the same It's not the same thing But it's the same type of mentality when the internet came about and we had a thousand different browsers and a thousand different search engines Why would I use google when I has have asked jves or these other like 30 different ones? Which ones are the ones that's going to actually make it we didn't realize it was until the actual winner emerged Which was google and now with with bitcoin pretty much is pulling away from the pack Everybody just trusts that they look at and go this is the one so as far as like store of value that type of narrative I think bitcoin's pretty much going to win that one now as far as like smart contracts and things like that Yeah, you can use stacks and stuff like that of bitcoin, but who knows what's really going to be The end all be all I think there's a room for alt coins I know some of the bitcoin maxis hate me for saying that but Hey, it is true right now And of course what she's talked about as far as like with ethereum and she brought up solana I know a lot of people hate solana, but I can see in the comment section But it is what it is and it looks like that's kind of like the one that's being anointed right now Who knows if it can be overtaken by your favorite crypto? Whether that be cardano or avalanche or polka dot or fill in the blank of whatever your favorite one is I'm not for sure But for that I can see that it looks like we're going in that direction. It looks like it's a bitcoin ethereum Solana type of train and we'll see whatever gets derailed and the last thing I will just say like this when she talks about Digital assets and she talks about you know to actually have Real ownership of those things. I just wanted to throw this in here. This is from crypto stash And this just came out like 30 minutes ago an hour ago or so disney Is getting together with a top shot maker from dapper labs and they're going to be doing nfts for Star Wars and pixar and things like that so like these digital assets these collectibles that you can that you can You can have you can own you have digital collectibility. It's right there on the blockchain I think this is going to be Again people they look at nfts and this won't happen, but there it is So let me know what you think about that in the comment section and The last piece I will say is if we're going to talk about nfts and she talked about it for our digital assets We got to talk about web 3 and even though I've talked to and I said this before I think that gaming is going to be There's going to be two big pushes in the next bull run. It's going to be ai and it's going to be web 3 gaming But you have to understand not everything's going to make it. This was a great article by decrypt About why crypto games are switching chains or they're just calling it quits because they they can't keep up with it I'm just going to skim over this real quick There was in 2022 just last year There was 157 blockchain games that were stopped You know why they were stopped because the fees were too much the different chains that they that they they picked Told them that they could do things and they couldn't do things or the last thing is they just run out of funding And a lot of these games we think are going to be awesome They just don't materialize because of those different things that it's talked about and this was some I did not know I'm glad I I'm glad they they put this out You know the difference between a double a and a triple a ranked game is Well, this is it games define double a as a studio with about 10 to 25 million in funding Triple a studios are those with over 25 million in funding now. We know exactly what it is. Thank you I had no idea those were two Parameters and criteria for that and it talks about you know different ones and how many there actually is and as far as like triple a ranked games Rated games right now for web 3 It's only 1% most of these are indie games or small different companies are kind of building from the from the ground up And we'll see how it goes, but it talks about how like a lot of them have jumped off ethereum And they have adopted ethereum compatible side chains about 81 of current blockchain games 81 Use a non game focused layer one What's that? so Let's see 74 percent of games are choosing an ethereum virtual network Evm Solana's virtual machine comes in a distant second making about 10 percent of games I think uh starless is being one of those that that would be a triple a game But here's what they're using ethereum sidechain polygon top choice Then binance chain then solana immutable avalanche and arbitrem So if you're like, I don't get the whole gaming thing rob Well, you can get exposure to that just by maybe dabbling into these types of sidechains or layer twos Or completely different layer ones and polygon is a clear the clear leader right now.  And I asked myself, well, why are they jumping? Let's see Games migrated to polygon immutable and arbitrem and large numbers Uh 60 percent were layer ones to layer two. That's not i'm looking for So this is it. So why are games migrating? the developer Reinhardt Weyers creator of the untitled platformer came watching me one he said It was time to move to a gasless chain one without transaction fees and migrated his game to scale Has anybody ever heard of scale we need Hold on one second Why are you noticed that players started actively trying my game more with some sticking around for quite a while? Let's see mighty action heroes in pirate nation. They move from polygon to arbitrem Yeah, this was it And why why did they do that because they were paying the developers were paying three thousand and four thousand a day on gas That's a lot if you're trying to like boost your, you know bolster up your company or your game It was very nice being able to scale the game So so again, if you're looking for like maybe the next big thing you want to get old de jenny Uh Polygons up and lead right now. I don't know what's gonna last but I would start looking again swanah mutable avalanche arbitrem and that thing they called scale and I took a look at I'm like, I never heard scale gasless I don't know how this works. So I'll do my own research But scale itself Right now it's uh under three cents And I was looking at it. Let's see here The last 24 hours it's taken a hit like everything else seven days looking pretty good 14 days. Look at that Not bad 30 days. Okay It was below two cents 90 days. All right 180 days Yeah, but I take a look at the max You know at one point it was 82 84 cents So anyhow, just something to look at maybe uh, that would interest you and that's it for today. So look That went a little bit long. Sorry about that a lot of good information. I felt from kathy But that's it for today like today's video. We'll give it a thumbs up consider subscribing I'm going to talk about it's pretty time sensitive But that's it for the news part now I'm gonna stick around we'll do a quick q&a as long as my back can hold out and We'll go from there. We got to go run. Thank you so much for stopping by. I do appreciate it. Now. Let's get into a little q&a Speaking of deans a little crypto golfer That's good flair airborne has an infinite supply. No against turning where the chain is going just like eith poor design choice Just keep it in beta. Yeah, I I don't know if we're talking about salana there I'm not for sure That's uh, yeah people either love salana or you hate salana. It's almost like cardano You either love cardano. You absolutely despise cardano. There's always those there's like no in between Oh, I didn't know this shall in Using we chat was great message friends send people money pay for a coffee and uber pay rent utilities. That's crazy. I never Say something bad about the government and it gets all taken away from you See, yeah, somebody said that we chat is a way for for the chinese government to spy on their citizens. Look We're all being spied on Every one of us if you're on social media Somebody's collecting your data If you have an alexa Trust me it's listening to you and I even saw like a report that sometimes different cars They have a microphone on they're listening to you right now not to freak you out. That's just the way it is So like if I can get an app That's gonna spy on me. Eh, what's the difference when everything else that's out there? Ah, I just wonder how much privacy i'm gonna have in the future Yeah, jake today says I own scale learn and earn from the camera. Oh, look at that Ah Flare everyone says 90 percent transaction or internal votes the chain has already bloated the more users of the chain We centralizing minorities now that flair is talking about is salana and yes, it's true if you look at Who let's see I think it's salana scan. Yeah, so Let's be fair He is right So on a scan or soul scan that i o if you come down here and look at tps transactions per second It looks pretty fantastic, right? Everything's cool. But you're like, what are these? purple Ones and what are these teal ones? Well the purple ones are true tps is and the Teal ones are the voting the voting transaction per second. That's 85 percent eight 90 percent Of what's going on every day. So Yeah, there's not like people say well, there's there's so many tps is well it's true it is but there's not a lot of things going on just a bunch of voting and It's one of two things first it does show it can scale at least it can go up to 3 000, you know good for that And they're saying it can it's you know when this uh Fire dancer comes out it can be up to a million Um, so we'll see if that's true But uh, yeah as far as this goes. Yeah the tps. It's a bunch of votes You got a point It's true This one she got he says soilana breaks too often pulse chain 100 percent of time look How many times this year has solana going down? Can someone tell me that in the comment section because when I understand it's zero Now last year I think it was like five or six times true but uh, hey You know these things happen and uh, hopefully they fixed it I mean do you remember remember this I remember when coinbase every time there was a run In the crypto market it would go down.  Yeah infrastructure. They actually worked it out Ah Yeah, how much sold the vcs have left? You know, this is always a thing about it and I'm not going to defend solana. It was a vc coin Let's be honest. I met a couple of people over at korean black chain week, which uh Let me to believe there might have been a little Panky panky going on with what they did and I will only say that because I don't want to be sued so With solana, I mean look here's the thing about vcs. I think I got a boat of money So they probably got an early And then they wrote it all the way up and then once it started to spiral out of control At fair 250 they probably sold a bunch of it and they probably dumped on you Probably dumped on me. They've been with all they dumped on everybody in retail Then it goes down and people can actually buy it up and here's the thing We would like to believe that retail are the only ones that are buying solana. That's ridiculous I guarantee the same vcs that dumped on you probably bought it up around 11 12 13 14 bucks.   It's the same thing with this. It's a zero-sum game. Who's gonna dump on who and that's up to you to decide. I'm not your dad All right Let's see Thank you The old pumpy dumpy. That's a good one Starless is the best project so it looks very promising. That's for sure It's not delayed vc. I'm so sure I mean Fire dancers should fix that I guess Thanks for scared of bitcoin. I can see that No, and I think that's it Didn't mean to flare up the chat. That's what the chat's for That's the great thing about the chat The great thing about the chat is I don't ban anybody unless you are Straight up scammer or say something that's like super derogatory.  We talked about this in the beginning watch the the replay but it basically coming out of this. I think Gary is Jockeying for position and he I don't think he serves the black rocks.  Tip your waitress that was a good one. Oh the good guys at Sin City crypto here at what's up gents I'm sure it's nice. This is the best time to be in Las Vegas around this time It's because it's sure as heck is in june july and august hot as hell Rob, please get living pain-free by gecko skew take care of yourself. Yeah, I looked at that one. It's a pretty good one um I'm going through uh, physiotherapy and medications and stuff like that for my back We'll see how it goes feels better today. It just still hurts And I'm coming up in my time with it actually What do you think about a mulex? I own it Uh, I just don't actively dollar cost average right now. I bought a while ago Um, I think it's going to do very well, especially all the partnerships that they got going on. So yeah and I think I answer everybody's question What's your favorite gaming? Infra or info my favorite gaming info is uh, crypto stash Johnny hustle keggy and uh Uh, classy crypto or jesus So but that's it for today. So look everybody. I'm coming up in my time on it from my back. It's about to give out That's it for today. So Thanks so much for stopping by appreciate it like today's video thumbs up subscribe all that good stuff and uh Last thing I will say is I know everybody's watching the markets as they start to Escalate and everybody thinks they didn't buy enough Just remember you did your best and uh, you bought enough. So just be happy with what you got. That's it for today Thanks everybody. See you on the next one. Have a good day


I'm going to be talking about the evolution of the 9 and 6 boards ecosystem and future software enablement. Who's here familiar with the 96 boards brand name? Yeah. All right. Cool. Good to know. Yeah. So we're going to talk just a little bit about that. I'm going to offer some resources and URLs if you don't want to read more about that. But 96 boards ecosystem. Here we go. Me. My name is Robert Wolfe. Like I just said, I'm an engineer, community manager for 96 boards, which is a part of Lenaro. And for those of you who aren't familiar with Lenaro, there will be a slide here with some links as well. You can also just search for Lenaro, go to Lenaro.org. There's some more kind of just personal information about myself, university in San Diego. I flew all the way here to talk to you all for 25 minutes. So from San Diego, please I want this to be very informal. If anyone has questions, you want to interrupt me, please do so. This is hopefully a conversation. And then when I leave, which is tomorrow, you can always reach me on Twitter, Instagram, IRC, those are the three channels that I'm usually in. I'm also in the Fedora Block channel, Fedora IoT channel, I'm in several other Fedora channels, Fedora Arm channel, and I'm in a bunch of Fedora channels as well. And then my GitHub is right there as well. Come off of my email. So today's topics, I'm going to talk just a little bit about Lenaro, a little bit about 96 boards. I'm going to talk about the community, because I'm the community manager for 96 boards, kind of give you a little bit of an insight of kind of what our reach is, what we do in general, and then I will talk about or have a conversation hopefully with everyone about the future of the software enablement on our 96 boards with Fedora. So what is Lenaro in 96 boards? Lenaro was founded in 2010, and the goal is to basically reduce the redundancies and fragmentation in the ARM ecosystem around everything in the ARM ecosystem, I guess I should say. Now I want to share a small anecdote, I'm not sure who's familiar, but SoftBank did recently acquire ARM for 32 billion dollars. The CEO must have seen something big, right, to spend that much money on ARM, 32 billion. So currently you have about 100 billion devices out there running ARM, okay, CEO thinks that that's going to hit up to a trillion. Even if it doesn't reach trillion, it only reads half a trillion, 500 billion. We're still talking about a bunch of devices out there running ARM, and even today's keynote, I guess in the morning when Matthew was talking about how we're starting to see this plateau in Fedora, we want to increase those numbers, right, we want to increase our contributors, we want to increase these devices that are out there peening the servers, and just the numbers in general, right, so I mean this is definitely something that should interest everyone here that's, you know, in the Fedora world, and if you want to learn more of him, like I said, please feel free to visit those websites and learn more about Lenovo. 964's was founded quite later, and the goal originally was to provide cost-effective or, you know, low-cost hardware, ARM hardware for developers like you all to kind of fiddle with and play around with to develop ARM and make it better. Now, since then, we have pushed out a whole bunch of devices. We pair up vendors, chip vendors, we pair them up with manufacturers, distributors, and try to do our best to make sure that they follow this ARM specification, and right now I want to kind of take a little bit of the, what is it, order of operations and break down what we consider the 964 specification. It is an open hardware specification. A lot of people think open hardware, common specification, but it's actually an open hardware specification, which means the specification itself is open, not the hardware, not necessarily all the time. And so that being said, we'll talk about this later when it comes to, when it comes to the software enablement. This is kind of brought in some problems that we're going to try and tackle. But yes, again, there you go. There's some more resources around 964s, and for those of you who would like to read more, it's not the whole point of this talk to talk all about 964s in this sense. So I just kind of leave that there with you to read more about. Now, talking a little bit more about this hardware and the specification, you can see that we've pushed out various devices and many of you who have said you've heard about 964s might be familiar more so with the consumer edition side of things. I know Peter in the audience, Rob in the audience, many, many have been playing around with the Dragon board 410c, the high key. And all of these are different SOCs that lay on the same footprint. So this is kind of what makes the 964s ecosystem so attractive to people who are developing. And someone I think in the audience, or in Peter's conversation, was talking about IoT and sensors and all these other kind of, this other kind of enablement that you might want around IoT. And with that regard, I mean, here, so here we're looking at 964s the same footprint right over here, the enterprise edition right here that you might see the same footprint. And then the TV based off the enterprise edition, extended CE edition, which should also work within the same kind of footprint compounds. And then an IoT edition over here. Right. But with having the same footprint and having it be SOC independent, you open up opportunities for the market of mezzanines, what we call mezzanines. So what Raspberry Pi might call hats and arduinos might call shields, we call them mezzanines. And these boards have been coming out of the woodworks. Quite literally, they just keep coming out. I can't even keep track of them. You know, there's, there's all sorts of companies that have just come out and release. I'm just going to talk quickly about this one right here. There was a university up in San Francisco that needed a camera. And they couldn't figure out how to use it on the Dragon board 410c. So then they just developed this board all by themselves, printed it out. And then they started selling it on eBay, just popped up on eBay one day, I was like, okay, great. Yeah, now we can use cameras on all these different 96 points. They're still working on submitting drivers and doing all sorts of cool stuff with this. You can literally go to IP Bay and buy that right now. Why do I say this? Well, because right now, Fedora really isn't running on our devices. And if it were, people would have access to getting there. If it was, and we're going to talk about this too, but if it was, and people would have access to a plethora of IO and a plethora of or a very vibrant ecosystem that that's continued to growing faster than I can even keep track of. So this is the mezzanine page right here. And you can go to 964.org, you can read all about all these little devices here for the most part. Any questions so far? 964, the specifications mezzanine, no sir. Sir, why do you put any flat flash or something on the boards as part of the specification? Boom. That's that's actually one of the last slides that we're going to be talking about. We can talk about it right now a little bit, Peter, you want to Yeah, so one of the roles that I've picked up is that I actually sit on the 964 steering committee. And one of the first things that I go with them about was flash on board for firmware and such stuff. And the intention I understand is that for version two of the city and other specs that are due out shortly, there will be that requirement. Yeah, so Peter does sit on the steering committee on behalf of I believe Red Hat Fedora. So yeah, Red Hat is a whole but Fedora well sent us. And, and so this is only recently that that kind of Peter started sitting on the steering committee. We've had several meetings and the specification 2.0 is in the making, right? And this will of course be proposed to the steering committee. We have meetings, I think once a month or so. And hopefully this will move forward. And that is particularly something we're trying to address. To me, that's the first thing we're trying to use any of the boards is getting the bootloader and firmware in place to make it. So in case any of my supervisors are watching, they're saying, SDI flash on the specification. It's critical to get that out of the specifications. What we're hearing at Fedora Flock 2017. Thank you. Um, did you have a question, sir? Yes, I should wait until the end. Okay, all right. Perfect. So the whole point of me kind of talking a bit about the community. First of all, obviously, I'm a community manager, but I wanted to kind of give an idea to everyone about what our reaches kind of what our goals and what our reaches and why it's important for Fedora to be a part of this as a whole, right? Personally, I have been trying to create a community from I want to almost say scratch to that that kind of banks ourselves on organic growth, we have very strong engagement from our people. I want to make sure that anyone who talks to me or the involved community feels that they're being listened to. So there's an active give and take. And I promise that that is what will happen. Interactive improvement.  Once again, we want to make sure that we're doing what what is best and that it's being pushed forward as a community. And then, of course, there's always new initiatives and new things that kind of float into my head or the community's head every now and then and we try to, you know, make them happen, right? And this will hopefully feed into everything that is above. What is the reach that we have here at 96 boards? We participate with many huge companies. I mean, this includes arm, ballcom, ballway, high silicon, many distributors arrow, and the list goes on. You want to go to the Lenaro website 96 boards website, you can see all of our partners. There's a lot of people that want to be involved with this movement. And with that comes a lot of visibility. We participate in hackathons. We just recently got accepted with Qualcomm into the Major League hackathons, which is a global initiative, where 96 boards will be present at every single one of these hackathons. They will have access to all the operating systems that come with these 96 boards. And people, kids, students, all walks of life will be working on these boards, lots of visibility worldwide. academics. I personally work with several universities in the United States in Brazil, in Mexico, hopefully soon to be China and India. And these are all professors, faculty that want to get 96 boards into the university classrooms. This is a really big deal. And we are trying to move forward with this quickly and also efficiently. conferences and workshops, you know, right here. This is an example of being at a conference, hopefully spreading the 96 boards word, creating evangelists and having fun together workshops. I've given several workshops, other people give lots of good workshops. And yeah, it's another good reason. But yeah, the list goes on, right? When I'll connect for those of you who aren't related with the network, an equity is connect.linaro.org. You can search for that. It's a conference that we do twice a year. You get leading industry professionals in this world from all over the world that show up in one place, similar to Pandora flock, actually. And it's all about collaboration and and talking business and talking community. And so that's a lot of fun happened twice a year. This time is going to be in San Francisco next month. So those of you who are interested, social media, and then again, initiatives. So for those of you who feel like following you go search 96 boards all over the place. What are some of the initiatives that I have been working on personally right now? And this is just to kind of build up the reach but open hours for those of you who aren't familiar with open hours, I host a live podcast. It's a video stream that happens every week at Thursday on Thursday at 4 p.m. Peter was actually just on there. I have a picture of Peter smiling on the show. You can see this. But but yeah, so open hours is the awesome initiative. If you ever have any questions, you want to just come in, you know, talk, vent, get involved in the community in any way. You can join this call. It's 96ports.org forward slash open hours. And that happens every Thursday will happen this Thursday Thursday noon here, noon East Coast. Yes, 4 p.m. UTC. That's unchanging. Projects and projects pages, websites, documentation. Our whole website now is back rendered from GitHub. So our website or documentation, everything this is community driven. If you want to change something on our website, submit it, gatekeeper will review it and maybe, you know, our website gets changed. But everything is interactive now. This is just an example of one of the open hours episodes here. This is a Brazilian partnership that we got involved in. These are all folks from Brazil. They went into a hackathon. It was an internet or a national hackathon in Brazil. They all won. They flew up to San Diego. We took over the Qualcomm Think of It Lab. And we all did a nice show there. It was a lot of fun. All these folks are from different companies all around Brazil. They all made really cool projects and they will all be visible through Qualcomm and 96ports. Here's another show we did with Monero and Covery. If you're not familiar with the cryptocurrency Monero, it's rumored that and I'm not saying that this really happened. But the day after this show, their whole value of Monero went up like 300%. It was crazy. I'm not kidding. I talked to the lead devs, which is Ricardo, HYC, Justin, he's also involved there. I don't know if they're going to say it was because of the show, but I didn't notice that. It was pretty cool. And then here's Peter. Happy Peter. He was talking about Fedora and of course, as he mentioned, soon we hope to have Fedora running on our 96ports. It is mostly there. In fact, it runs on the high key. It's being polished. Come to my talk tomorrow and you'll hear more about it. There you go. Peter, stop. Some of the projects that people are getting involved in, these are all community-driven projects. None of these were done by people at 96ports. As far as I know, none of them, no one was paid to do these. These are just projects that are surfacing, people that are getting involved in this ecosystem. Now that we've talked, software enablement. So this is where I'm done. This is more of a discussion. I want to talk about two things. First is early access hardware. This is kind of the easy part. So I'm dealing with all of these companies, like I said, the chip makers that put their chips on the boards, they get with the manufacturers and they get with the distributors and they all send these boards out. I've kind of come across a lot of problems here because the boards sell out too quickly, in which case the people who are supposed to have these boards don't get their hands on them in time, or they just, or yeah, that's actually pretty much it. They just sell out too quickly or they don't make enough. So early access hardware is what I'm trying to work with our distributors with. They're going to create pockets boards and so that way I can talk with Peter, who is kind of representing you all here. If you need a board, if you feel like contributing, if you feel like being a part of this, then please contact Peter. Peter can reach out to me and we will get this hardware in your hands as quickly as possible. Is that okay with you Peter? Yep. Awesome. And then the next is standards and compliance. What 96 boards does for you to use the 96 boards name is your board goes through a series of compliance checks. Now in the past it's possible that certain compliance has been slightly lenient. We plan on adjusting these standards and being more strict on compliance. This will of course help anyone who's in the process of enabling software, anyone who wants to be in this ecosystem and work on this type of stuff to you know do it easier, do it better and that's the whole idea. Now with regards to the standards, this is kind of what I'm calling the specification. What are the standards that we need to enforce and that is the specification. Peter, who sits on on the steering committee, along with many others who are involved in software enablement as well. I won't name any other companies but they also I'm sure would love this to happen. And so you know let's talk about getting the SPI flash on there. Let's talk about you know getting the members or the partners that are releasing these chips to get to focus more on UEFI, to focus on UBoot. Let's get these, let's get everything more unified right and that's kind of the goal. And so that's that's kind of all I have here. We're hoping that this will start to show movement really soon within the next few months, within the next six months. We're going to have some big meetings next month and connect in San Francisco so I'm sure that we'll start seeing a lot of this move forward. That's it. So in the standards, is there any requirements that the vendors upstream support that they go? So the question is, is there anything that forces the vendors to submit upstream? So yes, I want to say yes and no. So there's two components to that because the standard itself is actually a hardware standard so it doesn't actually cover the software side of it at all. Yeah, so while I would say yes and no is only because they don't want to release a crappy board, right? No one wants to release something that no one's going to use at which point Lenaro and 96 boards offer a big amount of guidance, right? And then we also offer various levels of support. So for vendors or members, partners who are interested in getting involved in this upstream process, which in my opinion has a very high learning curve and also requires a certain reputation to get involved, you can actually work with Lenaro and do and get involved in that. However, yes, it's not as enforced as I think I would like it to be. So this is also one of the things that I've also been leading as part of the steering committee. It's certainly not just me, but like if you look at the original HIKI when it was released, there was no source going through it upstream. If you look at the HIKI 960, it's pretty much all upstream already and it's only sort of just been out a little while. So the 96 boards guys certainly weren't that good to start with, but you know it's been loaded in curve for them as well and like the Dragon board now is pretty much all upstream and we've been working with Qualcomm to sort out the firmware redistribution issues and a bunch of those firmwares landed into the Linux firmware stuff now, so that's starting to become less of a problem and Qualcomm is very aware of that and so is dealing with that earlier rather than later with their legal teams. It's a learning curve and it's getting better. Like we should have two of the 96 boards supported in Fedora 27. There's no way we could have done that two years ago, so is there much required outside of since we're rebasing kernels anyway, doesn't that mean that eventually 26 will be able to run those same boards or is there more user space that has to support them? No, in theory 26 should be able to but then we then have to regenerate the images and they have to go through QA and I personally don't have enough I didn't mean like us spin new images I was just saying yes like so I'll throw a card over oh yeah yep so similarly over the open hardware specification versus open hardware specification on the other hand then you say choose what you need to have in there that you don't have open source components I'm not going to use the names here it makes it really hard and the developer or current developers want to be able to think of it like that if there are any influence to say if we're going to be in the two realms or spirit we need to be able to have something that has a workable graphics to actually be able to do it if you want to do that at all well I mean I understand that the mechanism for this again hardware specification on the other hand can't ignore the software you can absolutely did you want to say anything to that Peter? No I'm leaving that one to you yeah so this is a tough one so this is a tough one right because like you just said it's a specification and in a lot of cases we have already seen and again I won't say any names but we've seen boards come out that just call themselves 96 boards because they just have access to the specification they didn't go through any compliance tests they didn't contact us in some cases and then we now have to reach out and get this process rolling right so sometimes it's too late and we didn't have an opportunity to to give them these recommendations or push them in this direction now can we enforce this to happen I want to say no I don't think that we can absolutely enforce it um sorry why not? well for that example that I just kind of gave right now so like we can't absolutely enforce it but this is something also that maybe Peter and I can bring up in a steering committee meeting and start moving forward on right because this is a committee it's something that's driven by the community itself it is I mean you have a trademark though right it's kind of like with Fedora anybody can do a Fedora spin if they want to but they can't call it Fedora and use our trademarks unless it meets certain requirements yes so you know I can make it right now oh no wait I can make a 96 board but I can't call it a 96 board unless I've gone through this process or I'm opening I would assume I mean this is I'm certainly not a lawyer no you're right that would require like you know a little bit more legal attention yeah yeah but I think one of the keys is that we're I work for Lunaro so so we are a software company we're not trying to be a hardware company it's a hardware spec that we've come up with to basically support the software community so we we invest not just Robert but we have a lot of our greatest software people working with the 96 boards to try to do so right but the purpose is then if you end up with a trademark block we'd say there aren't actually open setifications there that you fundamentally can't really do a whole block so there's a there's a good point though like what Mike just said right now is that you know it's hard for us to enforce all of these things because we're not a hardware company we are a software company at its core right so at the end of the day if a board doesn't want to be successful then they will probably do those things if a board wants to be successful then they will do the right thing they'll open as much as possible and that's something that we can't control however we can't push our recommendations on them and we'll try our best but you're going to have 96 boards that are more prominent in the ecosystem and you're going to have 96 boards that are less prominent and I mean in in the GPU stuff like if I go back five years there was literally no open source accelerated GPUs and now like for my slide deck for tomorrow there's we've got four or five that are supported and in the 96 boards case Qualcomm Dragon Board one is probably one of the success stories there thank you Rob with regards to the free Drino driver the certain other major key manufacturer that sells display IP that they haven't opened up well it's which is shipped on a couple of the other 96 board platforms is I mean ultimately they're getting beaten from every side in the open source community about it and and they're still not and there's not a lot unless we get someone like Rob that reverse engineers it and you know and at the last connect there was discussions about that and their closed source blobs are a bit easier to use with Wayland which means we could probably use them in RPM fusion with less stress similar to the Nvidia like binary blobs for x86 which is not ideal by any stretch of the imagination like I would just like another I'd like to clone Rob three or four times to build that other problem but but it not not in that particular vendor's case but there's other situations where like the Etna BIM and the free Drino driver Broadcom finally got the message with the Raspberry Pi with the VC core driver so the ecosystem there is slowly improving I'm kind of looking on with interest from imagination which opens the power of the R stuff given that they've now lost Apple as a customer and and suddenly like maybe they will start to care about Linux just simply because it then becomes a key part of their revenue because they don't have the cash cow that is Apple um yeah it's hard it hasn't got that it has got better except for one or two particular vendors where they've been uh decidedly stubborn this side sir yes both of you I break my fingers you sir yeah no you can I think it's probably too just to say that you could tighten this persecution down in that way because then there would be a lot of fewer boards that actually were 96 points because of course you've got to pull the spec but you can't control what hardware manufacturers do so yeah and this kind of stuff comes up quite often you have to be very delicate with the specification especially when there's so many people sitting and giving their their opinions during these meetings right you have to be delicate and you have to be kind of I don't want to say slow moving but something that for instance starts off as optional in the specification might then become recommended in the second one and then by the third one it'll be an absolute enforced part right so that these boards continue to roll out and you keep everyone kind of happy so maybe this type of thing becomes something that's optional right now but recommended in the next spec well then in 3.0 it becomes absolutely enforced required basically so that was there two and a half years ago when all this started it's come a long way and it is a lot more open now and a lot more supported than ever now good good get to here thank you I mean a whole idea just literally came to try to empower our own developers our great relationship with ARM we couldn't get the high power system to point ourselves at a reasonable cost so that's what came and then just started sharing Robert and others have done a tremendous job of spreading the word yeah lead times a long time ago lead times cost it's huge I mean now you can get your hands on boards for seventy five dollars ike nine sixty is two hundred fifty nine dollars you know it's cost per for the board that's pretty pretty decent I mean with most distros supporting our our arm being that kind of thing with proper servers but the only things that's that's I can see in my price range are toy systems if you will and ninety six board is no different than anyone else other than us being more open to ease and things of people can implement I'm stuck with two or four pigs and ran ports all around the edges and whatnot I know how to build a computer but where's the where's the interest in making something I can do that with so are you talking about along the lines of developing something or you know contributing to something like the door are you talking about developing a product and actually creating something to sell well if so if I want to if I want to help uh or help the arch secure the arch 64 or those kinds of things along I'm stuck with I'm stuck with low power really tiny or tiny systems and even not or even ninety six or ninety six E thing is a tougher is a custom form factor is a small system and whatnot it's not something bigger like the or like the PCIU and the 64 yeah so you're talking about getting something more powerful kind of like a laptop machine something that you can develop on that's I want an equivalent to my work station yes okay so so where's the interest in that so Linus Talbot was at two connects ago said basically exactly the same thing that he basically wants a muck style device that he can compile and turn a lot of full speed correct um where probably a third generation um V8 actual silicon at the moment and so speeds are going up prices it's coming down I don't know about I don't know these products but looking at some of the SOCs that are coming down the line I suspect you'll start to see that in the coming months I'm more thinking I would like something I can put in a stand or in a standard PC yes or like once a brand yeah mini ATX micro ATX that sort of thing um and and like the 9640 EE has a micro ATX mini ATX options part of the spec anyone actually building those uh not that I've seen released yeah so so yeah so all I can say with regards to that is stay tuned I'm you know like Peter said you might see something in the next few months it's it's uh it is definitely of high interest so you know like I've heard rumors I've I've not seen any product announcements yet but you know the chips are becoming more widely available I mean they've been talking about SPSA compliance servers that are of high spec for well Mr Masters has been talking about it for five years and it will and you can now finally like buy decent spec servers that are doing that you know I've been wanting them for the already infrastructure for five years and and you know they're finally starting to get there so the servers are there now and then you know ultimately the prices will start to come down and you know you'll start to see more competition on the market and stuff like that so I'm sure and given what Linus has said like if I want to be successful they need to start producing devices like this the Windows 10 laptop which is a Qualcomm 835 is a really really nice SOC and I know it runs UEFI out of the box but if it's anything like the last Microsoft pretend to arm they use secure boot to lock it down that only boot Microsoft OS's I've been poking around trying to get an answer to see whether that would be the case this time as well I've not managed to get an answer from anyone yet but you know there's like so the Qualcomm 835 with UEFI would be an awesome 96 board hint hint nudge nut because you know that that is like you know a equivalent of current gen Intel spec with really nice graphics and you know functionality and USB-C and all of that sort of stuff that you would want in a modern day laptop in theory at a reasonable price it's whether like those vendors will do you know non-completely lock down Microsoft addition problem thanks guys yeah no folks thank you very much it was a pleasure you know my own thank you my own thank you my own thank you my own thank you my own thank you my own thank you my own thank you my own thank you my own thank you


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Very recently, there was a new study on the value of open source. And as I was on the team of the European Commission study on the value of open source, this is very exciting because it's fresh of the press and it's quite some numbers. So please, I will present you a presentation from Manuel Hofmann from the Harvard Business School, very shortly talking about this latest study. Hello, everyone. I'm glad to be here and talk to you about the value that arises from open source software. My name is Manuel Hofmann and this joint work together with Frank Nager from Harvard Business School and Jan Odo from the University of Toronto. All right, I'm likely going to preach to the choir here, but I want to still give you a number. 96% of commercial code contains open source code according to the software composition analysis from Synopsys. So we can ask the question, how much would we lose if open source software doesn't exist? So to calculate the value, we could simply state that it's the price times quantity. And to quote Warren Buffett, price is what you pay for value is what you get. The problem with open source software that the price is zero and the quantity is difficult to determine because packages are indefinitely replicable. So how do we address those issues? We're going to use what is called the labor replacement value approach where we estimate the time cost that would take an average coder within a firm receiving an average global wage to recreate each line of code of open source packages. And then we leverage two firm-related data sources, the open source sensors, which is inward-facing information of package usages from programs around the world and build with, which gives us externally-facing information of package usage around the world. And we're going to combine them. While the literature is scarce, there is some great work that has been done by Blint and colleagues to estimate the value of open source software for the European Union and Robins and her colleagues for the United States. So what we're going to do a little bit differently is we're estimating the value across the globe and we are going to focus on most widely used packages. So you can really think of our estimate as an underestimate of the value. All right, so let's talk about our headline figures. For the supply side, let's engage in the following sort experiment. How much would it cost to replicate widely used open source code? Well, according to our estimates, it would be $4.15 billion. Now, on the demand side, we can account for usage and we can ask a slightly different question. What would happen if the concept of open source software completely disappears? Well, we calculate a value of $8.8 trillion. Or to state that a little bit differently, without open source software firms would spend 3.5 times more on software than they currently do. And of course, there is some heterogeneity in the value creation process across programming languages and developers. So let's take a look into the developer side. Well, we find that the value creation of open source is highly skewed. So here you can see the supply and demand side figures that look very similar on the horizontal. You can see the cumulative share of programmers that are creating the value on the left y-axis and contribute to a certain number of repositories on the right y-axis. And what we would expect is that if programmers contribute evenly to packages, that we would directly trace out the 45 degree line. However, what we actually observe is that our blue line is very far away from the 45 degree line, implying that a small fraction of programmers contribute substantially. And indeed, 5% of developers create 93% of the supply side and 96% of the demand side value. And those programmers, those few programmers contribute not only to few repositories, but to a wide swath of repositories. Well, to conclude, the value of open source software on the supply side is 4.15 billion US dollars. And accounting for usage, we get even to 8.8 trillion US dollars. Without open source, there would be a large loss in value, firms would need to spend 3.5 times more on software than they currently do. And we find some hatred to GNAT in how the value is created with 5% of developers creating 96% of the demand side value. All right, thank you so much.


The study simulated sea water level, SWL, using total inflow from feeder rivers and precipitation and evaporation over the Caspian Sea, determined potential vulnerable areas of the sea over the past 80 years by comparing minimum and maximum annual water body maps, and used linear regression between SWL rise and covered potential vulnerable area, CVA, to determine desiccated areas in different regions of the Caspian Sea due to changes in precipitation, evaporation and total inflow. The results showed that 25,000km2 of the sea is potentially vulnerable to SWL fluctuations in terms of desiccation, with 70% of this vulnerable area located in Kazakhstan. Potential vulnerable area per kilometer coastline was found to be 6km2 in Kazakhstan, for kilometers 2 in Russia and whole of Caspian Sea, 1.5km2 in Iran, 1km2 in Azerbaijan and 0.5km2 in Turkmenistan. The study also indicated that SWL in the Caspian Sea is sensitive to evaporation and that a 37.5mm decrease in mean annual net precipitation would lead to a 1875km2 decrease in the sea area, while a 1km3 decrease in mean annual inflow would lead to a 1400km2 decrease in the sea area. The developed framework can be used to assess future changes in SWL and sea area due to anthropogenic activities and climate change. This article was authored by Mahdi Ekbari, Aziza Borbakova, Amin Ruiz Bahami and others. We are article.tv, links in the description below.


Item Number – SCP-2020 Object Class – Euclid-Execchi Special Containment Procedures – SCP-2020 is kept in a Type 4 humanoid containment cell at Site 17. Standard amenities and precautions associated with Type 4 humanoid containment cells are in place. Dietary supplement 2020-9, consisting of 1.4 kg of used shredded paper, is to be provided daily. SCP-2020 cell is to be monitored for any unusual activity, with all vocalizations transcribed. 128 grams of tissue samples from SCP-2020 are kept at SubSite Bio 17. Access to SCP-2020 or its biological samples are to be approved by the head of SCP-2020's research team. Description – SCP-2020 is a sapient humanoid entity approximately 2.2 meters, or 7 foot 3 inches in height, and 70 kilograms, or 150 pounds, in mass. SCP-2020 possesses unusually long and thin limbs, as well as facial features commonly associated with grey aliens, seafile photo, and bright green coloration. SCP-2020's bodies compose primarily of a novel form of natural rubber that appears to serve skeletal, muscular, circulatory, and endocrine functions. SCP-2020's digestive system and nutritional requirements are consistent with its diet, which consists entirely of paper and water. SCP-2020 has not shown any signs of growth or aging since recovery. Further study of SCP-2020's biology has been hindered by the rubber's toughness and resistance to tearing, which renders standard methodologies ineffective, as well as its dissimilarity to terrestrial biology. SCP-2020 claims to originate from a technologically advanced extraterrestrial civilization, but will make wildly different claims regarding the nature and location of the civilization when questioned. Given the circumstances of SCP-2020's recovery, see Document Belenkin-Roswell-2020, this avenue of research is nonetheless considered viable. SCP-2020's behavior suggests that it shares many psychological similarities with humans, such as the ability to learn, a desire for interaction, and partial understanding of social norms. It is fluent in English and responds to the names Arty, Bobby, and Izzy. It is not engaged in hostile behavior and appears indifferent to its own containment. SCP-2020 will frequently attempt to engage personnel in conversations regarding its desire to write science fiction, and numerous ideas it has for science fiction stories. It has thus far failed to produce any actual writing, citing an inability to choose a concept. See attached transcript for details. Addendum excerpt from transcript 2020-1-ASO SCP-2020 was permitted to speak to Researcher King on any topic it wished. No, no, wait, guys, I have an idea, a petter idea, this is a facility, right? It was made by someone at some time in the past to bring the whole world back from the apocalypse. Like something could blow a big hole in the earth, and after the facility went game over, play again, Y slash N, that hole could just be the Marianas Trench, because the facility can pretty much do anything with physics and technology, I think. Creechy, right? I don't really know how exactly this fits into a story or anything, but I mean, it could be a threading, I guess I can think. Guys, I had another idea, forget that one. This one, this one is a brain in a jar, that's a guy, Creechy, right? I feel like the idea here is that I just run with it, crazy nutty professor type, nutty inventions that don't work, complete nonsense, but it's all working. Guys, that guy and his inventions could be like a superhero or something, germy vacuum, the vacuum brain in a jar with germs, that sounds wrong, I'll think of something. It's okay though, because I just got this awesome idea, there's a wizard, wait for it, from space, a space wizard. Guys that's not the only part though, he's a cyborg, and he's with five, with five cat girls, and guess what the twist is, that's right, the cat girls also cyborgs, and they fight crime, Creechy, right? I mean, but it's not because they're fighting space crime, crimes in space, does that make sense? Guys, the story would be about them being cyborgs and fighting crime. No, because I just got a better idea, wait, it's an AI, right? An artificial intelligence on a computer, can you say it right? Well, it makes simulations of the perfect world for that person, and then it eats their brains, guys, but maybe it's not actually doing that, and I guess the characters don't know for sure that it's actually doing that because we can't see inside it. But here's a plot twist though, it then puts a fake brain in them and makes the bodies convince other people to go into the simulation. It's a horror story, or a sci-fi horror story, science horror story. Wait, guys, here's an idea for you, I just got this idea. There's a time machine, right? And it sends people to the future, and then back to the present, and in the future, in the future, everyone dies from an asteroid. I mean, not everyone, just enough people that it's like everyone. Cliché, right? Well, the main characters, or I guess it could be the villains or villain protagonists, they're trying to make sure that the future happens.  I don't know what the actual story is, but I'll think of something. Oh, okay, wait, but seriously, better idea. Guys, there's a salient, right? Like they have in the movies with the green skin and the big black eyes and everything, Cliché, right? But wait, and for whatever reason, I'll think of that later, it really wants to become a science fiction writer, but it can't stop coming up with ideas long as to do it. And the twist, here's the twist, is that it's talking to some people, and they're from a government agency that already had all of the things it's talking about. And they're all like, how did it know this stuff? And does it even know that it's all real, right? Wait, wait, wait, wait, two words, just two words. Laser, but disease. Wait, guys, that was actually three, that was three words. It's going to be harder than I thought. Site 42 is able to continue broadcasting and move up to live action SCP film adaptations due to the support of viewers, subscribers, and especially our patrons. Special shout out to our site director level patron, Andre Bechert.


So, the transport category aircraft certification process is a very involved process. It's a very costly process and aircraft manufacturers that go down this path have to be committed to spending hundreds of millions of dollars to bring that type of an aircraft to market. It starts with an initial design and from that initial design, the aircraft that is produced is then subjected to dynamic flight testing. If the airplane, once the airplane satisfies all those requirements and of course, adjustments are made along the way for the certification process, the aircraft is given an original type certificate by the FAA. And so the aircraft manufacturer is allowed to produce aircraft and sell them. As time goes on, technology advances and the manufacturer identifies ways to take that original design and make it better. So at this point, the aircraft manufacturer would file what's called an amended type certificate application for a derivative aircraft from the baseline aircraft. The regulatory authority is now going to focus on what's changed. Well, the FAA, as an administrative agency, is actually very small and they just don't have the manpower to oversee all of those tests that go with an amended type certificate. So they delegate some of that authority and that's what happened here. MCAS wasn't necessarily a priority and it's problematic because the narrative around the MCAS system and its capabilities and what it was supposed to control, that was never fully revealed to the FAA in this case and so that's really where the problem started. It was with the narrative that was being presented to the FAA and the lack of oversight in the amended type certificate process. The result was that the MCAS system that was initially presented to the FAA at the beginning of the amended type certificate process was not the same system that ended up in the aircraft. Okay, so how do we fix it? That was the question. Well, and there's two paths to take. First, in the transport category aircraft, it makes sense to say once that original type certificate is issued, the ability to go in and get an amendment to that original type certificate ends after 20 years. So here's how that would work. An aircraft manufacturer goes out, they design an aircraft and they apply for original type certificate in 2020. If they get it in, let's say 2025, then they're only going to have 20 years. So until the year 2045, during that 20-year period to go in and seek an amendment to that original type certificate.  The second component to resolving this problem would be we need to step in and take a look at this delegation authority that the FAA is utilizing with aircraft manufacturers in the transport category aircraft. So we need to step in and review in what areas the FAA can delegate that type of oversight authority with transport category aircraft certification. Well the two obstacles come to mind right away. One would be money. The FAA has a budget and these are very costly measures from the standpoint of the FAA to go down this path is going to need more engineers, they're going to need more administrators, they're just going to need to become bigger as an agency and for that to happen, Congress has to be prepared to spend the money to make that happen. There's also going to be a cost to the industry. We have to understand that by implementing the proposal of a 20-year cap on the validity of that original type certificate to actually be amended, we have to recognize that that's going to impose a greater financial cost on the aircraft manufacturers, that they're not going to have as much time to get a return on their investment for the aircraft they produce with the designs. And so the aircraft are going to end up costing more, which means the airlines are going to end up paying more for those planes and that's going to trickle down into cost for the flying public in those seats.


Hello everyone, welcome to another NARC survival live video, as you can see I just visited this waterfall over there, a really nice view of it, Geneva, hello, you can call me Christopher, that's how most people know me, but hello to you as well, and Blank Earth, can you make a video about when we worry about being a narcissist, yes I can definitely do that, and it really comes down to your reactivity, it's like they're pulling you outwards outside of yourself, they come across you or someone else, they're very arrogant and audacious, they're always trying to get your attention, they can never leave you alone, they're always pestering you, when they first meet you with a love bombing, and then when they turn against you they devalue you, and they're just suffocating you, they're always there, it's like they can never leave you alone, really nice butterfly here, beautiful colors, beautiful colors, big one as well, big one as well, but yes it's like they can never leave you alone, they're always on you, whether they're love bombing you or devaluing, and the reason why is exactly as it seems, there's no other meaning or interpretation to it, what you see that's exactly what it is, they want your attention, they want your validation, and if you found my videos the odds are they wanted it or they wanted it from you more than anyone else, they wanted that energy, which is how you should know that the one thing that hurts them more than anything else is in fact rejection, they can't stand it when you reject them, whether it's their proposals or ideas or you reject them as a person, you reject the false character, when you reject these things they can't stand it, they probably wouldn't care so much if you rejected who they actually were, because of course they don't care about that anyway, that's why they created a false character, but they're never going to let you see that anyway, that side of them is something you're not going to see, but yes nothing hurts them more than this, nothing hurts them more than rejection, when you turn them away, when you say no, when you tell them that something is not okay for you, they actually hate it, they can't stand it when you do that, because as I said all of these things provide them with a sense of self, a sense of inner value, so in their minds it's like you're taking value away from them, when you say no, when you don't consent to agree to something that they want you to participate in, then they feel rejected and you're denying them of that inner sense of value, of that sense of identity which is always based on their source of supply, that's where they get that from, whoever their source is that's where they get the energy and the attention from, which then validates their false self, so of course in the end if you try to get away they will enforce their flying monkeys and their smear campaign, they will do that and the reason why is to control you, because by controlling you they can then garner and harvest your emotional energy, which is what they really want, because a lot of you didn't want to give that away so easily, but the narcissist approached you didn't make it so easy for them, which of course is why they had to come across as your soulmates, the one, they couldn't just come across as a normal person, someone who is just trying to get to know you, it's like it's either all or nothing, because they know you're not going to be too trusting, as someone who does have their own separate identity and inner sense of value, so they've got to come strong, have your attention, so by knowing this you can already recognize your power and your value and of course that is why they start the spear campaign, to harvest this energy and share it amongst their flying monkeys, as you may not know it, but yes on a spiritual and energetic level, you are handing out parts of yourself to all of these people and they're indulging in it, they're sharing it, they're licking it up, they're consuming it, they're tasting it and trust and believe that they are enjoying it, they're enjoying sharing this amongst their flying monkeys, all of this energy that you have which they get from you and of course yes that is why they start the spear campaign, that is why they have to do that, they have to make you look bad as though you're crazy or something is wrong with you, because by doing that then they have a reason for controlling you, they can't do that without a reason or excuse even though yes the flying monkeys are narcissistic as well, they're no better than the narcissist, but yes this is what they have to do because they are terrified of rejection, that's why they set it up in a way where you can't just escape, where you can't move on and it's so that they can get the very things that they need from you because by that point they already know that you're not going to hand it over willingly, they know that you're not just going to give them what they want so they have to come around you to get that from you, whatever energy that you possess and it's typically very high vibrational, you must have something that is worth them controlling you because they're not going to control someone who isn't providing anything to them, yes it does all come back to them not having an identity of their own, they lack a sense of inner value, that's why they're so outwardly focused, they're not generating anything from within, they're getting it from other sources and of course yes that source is you if you're watching this, they're getting that energy and attention from you and yes it is making them feel good, it is making them feel alive but it doesn't do much for them when you are just doing what you want to do and you're being your authentic self, they don't want to see that, they want something more magical, they want this fantasy, they want you to either be perfect or pile of shit to where you feel like you're not good enough as you are because when that happens your real power, your true authentic energy is then being directed to them, that's how you've got to think when they are initially in the beginning they're pedestalizing you they're seeing you as perfect, when they're doing that you're sharing this fantasy with them and instead of your energy being generated from within and then it's directing outwards and back to yourself, instead you're directing it to this fantasy, so then your energy has to go somewhere of your true authentic self and of course yes that is going to them and it's the same thing when they devalue you, either way you're not being yourself, you're sharing some form of fantasy, so your true authentic energy, innocence and purity is then going to an artist and yet we wonder why they never take accountability because in their minds they're you and you're either them or you're someone else but you're not yourself which is what makes it so easy for them to blame you but yes the last thing they want is for you to direct your energy from within to and from yourself, they'd rather you direct it to anything else and of course the reason why is because anything else including them is not real including the fantasies that they try to project onto you, none of these things have any value so of course they want you to look there, they're not going to give you anything of value anything that will reflect back to you who you actually are because that is real what you're generating from within is very real so of course they don't want you to do that because it's no good for them, they don't get any energy out of that because they're not real and like the tracks like, so that fake energy when you're sharing this fantasy then they can come in and consume that but if you're coming out as who you actually are no they're not going to like that and they will do everything in their power to try to shut back down as the iconic intuitive said in the live chat there, yes crabs in a bucket they do have this crabs in the bucket mentality but they see one crab climbing out and they've got to pull you back in because otherwise if you climb out of the bucket all you're going to do is reflect back their insecurities to them so of course they don't want you to do that they will try and pull you into it but as I said no none of that is real they're trying to direct your energy to something that is a fantasy it's a delusion which means that it can only last for a short period of time it cannot be consistent over long periods so yes they don't want that they don't want you to turn to yourself for your own validation and at the beginning they were validating you they were telling you everything that you are so that you're dependent on them you're seeking validation from them and then at the end they devalued you they tried to get everyone to see you in the same way but really what that is is invalidation and disempowerment they're just trying to take you away from you because I think in some ways it reminds them a long time ago they rejected and abandoned themselves so when they see you as you present your authentic self to them it triggers them and reminds them that they gave up on themselves a long time ago it tells them in their minds why can't I do that why can't I be real and of course then they feel triggered they feel shame because they simply can't do what you do if they did that it would expose them it would reveal that they have a lot of work to do and of course as we all know they're not going to do that as Geneva says in the comments there yes Misery once company that's really how it is but I'm just enjoying my time out here today as you can see got the upper part of the waterfall there and the distance behind the trees I'm out here in the jungle you know I do enjoy a hike and that's what I advise for you as well is to just get out in nature even if you don't have the jungle near you just go for a walk in the forest by the lake take some time to yourself of course the narcissist isn't going to like it if there's one thing they hate it's when you spend time by yourself for all of the reasons that I just mentioned they always have to be over your shoulder they're always suffocating you unless of course they have other sources of supply whether it's relationship partners family friends co-workers employees whoever it is if they have other sources of supply then they can leave you alone for a bit longer and then they may come back and they look like they're on top of the world of course it's only because they have other sources one thing they do not like is to be alone or to be out in nature because of course as we know this is something real even there other sources of supply they're not really real at all I don't know what that's like my own experience but I haven't been real myself because how can you be real when you are susceptible to someone's revelation you can't you can't be real then because in that moment you're only thinking about yourself your own desires and needs you're not really connected within you're just in some fantasy you're under a spell so of course in that moment you will like empathy you will like the ability to understand and share another person's feelings and experience because in that moment you're not even real yourself you're not really connected to you and that's why it's so painful when you're around narcissists when you're not validating the illusion and the flying monkeys as well it's because they haven't got any real authentic energy of their own they're under a spell they're susceptible to some form of manipulation even if they are just brainwashing themselves so it's not real it's not authentic it's not coming from within and of course as I've said before that's where the power is anyway I'm going to go for a little walk a little hike through here on this trail in the jungle not too sure where this goes could be unpredictable but I guess that is the fun of it that's what makes it so enjoyable it's not knowing what is going to come next so yes I'm going to continue along my journey here but I'd just like to thank you all for joining me on another NARC Survival Live video as you know I do appreciate you all and if you'd like to show your support you can do that down below by giving this video a thumbs up share and subscribe and as always I will talk to you in another video very soon


You already have joy. You already have peace. You already have love and power and grace and holiness. The issue is, many of us aren't living a life and surrender to the Holy Spirit, and therefore we never make use of that which He's already given to us. And so we're begging God for more, and we're saying, Holy Spirit, I want more of you. When in reality, it's not a matter of you getting more of the Holy Spirit, but of the Holy Spirit getting more of you. Surrender.