Welcome everybody to our next talk. It's community. Our speaker today is Mitch Altman. I'm pretty sure I don't have to introduce him to you. Just two of his many achievements. He's one of the co-founders of Noisebridge, a hacker space in San Francisco. And he's also the inventor of the TV begun, the advice that can switch off TVs everywhere. So he just said, I turn off TVs for a living, which is awesome. Also, I don't know how many of you have watched or read Game of Thrones, but I always think of Mitch as the three-eyed raven, so a guy who has been sitting in a tree, just being super wise. And he has always been there, and he's teaching people who come along. So that's basically Mitch for me. Yeah, so I hope you will enjoy the talk. He's going to talk about his experiences in the community, and he hopes to inspire people. So please give a warm round of applause to Mitch. Thanks everyone for being here so early in the morning. I didn't know I was going to give this talk until a couple of days ago, really.  I can talk about a whole bunch of different things. I can talk about a whole bunch of different things. I just came back from China a month and a half ago, and they were like in China. And I've got about 25 times to all these government officials in China who keep an eye on different figures. I've talked a lot about hackerspaces. I can talk about hackerspaces. I can talk about the various things. OK, so anyways, this is my kind of information. Please contact me if you think that I can help you in any way. For example, how to avoid a small company.  If you're depressed, then I'm there for you. Please contact me if I can help you. I'm happy if I can help people, as always, as always. I'm not really into conventional wisdom myself. I'm not a friend of conventional wisdom. We can learn from the experiences of others, but if we want to do something really cool, then we have to do things our own way. That means a lot of what I'm going to say is just in my opinion. I don't want to say what he or she is going to do. But I hope that what I'm going to say and what your own way of doing it is going to be about is about the importance of having a way of making it. And I want to tell you how important it is that you get the resources, that you can live your life the way you want it to be. It's really important that you can do all of that in a way that brings you meaning. You all, almost everyone here in this room, need money to eat and have a roof over your head. But that's just one resource if we focus too much on that resource. Then it's about other resources. What do we do to get that resource?  You can do that, but you can also do something else. A lot of people seem to choose that. Maybe you have a job that you hate and I love my job so much. My job is to turn off the TV and I love that. And I would like to talk about that a little bit and explore with you, if you're not doing so already, and find ways to be able to start your projects that you love and that maybe other people love. But it's exhausting. It can be exhausting. At least that is what capitalism can offer you.  And I think in the future of the world today, we all have a role that we play. And I think the political development shows that very clearly. I feel a life that I really love, but many of you know that I didn't start like that. I was totally depressed at the beginning of my life.  I was moored because I was gay, because I wasn't good at sports, because I was a nerd, because I was smart or smart. And in my country, that's essentially a disadvantage. Life was really the hell. The teachers, for example, looked at me as I was moored. My parents didn't know what they were supposed to do. And when I came home, I tried to escape from my pain, which I watched on TV. There was a TV show, so I watched a lot of TV shows. And kids on TV were beautiful and had love for their parents and friends who understand their problems that were solved at the end of the show. And I thought that was terrible, because of course I had to get used to it. And that's why I wanted to see the next show to see how to deal with my pain again. And so I didn't do anything healthy. I didn't play with other children. And it always went on and on. I was even more than a goal. And since I was in school, I wanted to get rid of my pain again. And that's what you're looking for. And I'm still thirsty after watching TV. There are so many ways we try to get rid of ourselves, so many obstacles, so many social sanctions, so many social desires, for example, to work too much, or to take too many substances, or to eat, whatever, we can use everything as a distraction. And that's all the things that will give us. It was a long way to get to the point where I'm today. I don't really have time to talk about all that. If you're interested in that, you can look at the 28C3. There I organized a panel with where I organized the lighting talks. Or if you just want to talk about it, you can write me an email or just grab me, just pull me to the side and talk to me about it. But I was not always a geek. I spent a lot of time helping middle companies to help with their project problems. And they paid me very well for that. And in a few weeks, a few months, I made enough money to live the whole year well. And the other time I was able to use it differently. After 10, 15 years, where I did that, I was kind of tired of doing projects for other people, not much because it was for other people, but because it wasn't ones that excited me. Because it wasn't projects that motivated me. So they were cool projects, but not the ones that motivated me. It had positive sides, negative sides. Everything has positive and negative sides. Also where I tried to organize a reality, I did my portfolio with a nach. I will come to virtual reality later on. That's why I did a 1980s film. And actually, it's the new big thing. I don't like it when things are so big that make us one of the things we don't want to need. Because it's a market that we need to buy things that we don't really need. And that's what's happening right now. Except Facebook decides to change things as they want to do things. They bought, yeah, OK, that's it for a billion, but we'll see. After I did that for 15 years, I really wanted to use all of my time to put it into things that I'm cool about. I spent so much time and energy with it that I did other projects for other people and that I, well, but that wasn't what motivated me. That's why I spent my time with me. I saved a year-long money. I had the courage to do that. And I took this year to the side where I took the opportunity to do things that make me fun. It made me a little bit scared because what brought us together, money is important. So how would I earn money? I mean, if I didn't do my job because it doesn't come in my way, I would have to do it again. I had the institution that I wanted to do things that made me fun. And as long as I got enough money, I can continue with what I love. And I wasn't sure what it was like to be a volunteer. There were things like free-willing work and there were some projects I wanted to play with. I couldn't do that for a couple of years because I didn't want to play with electronics because I had no desire to work with electronics anymore. But now I had time. And I started working on projects that I was thinking about over the years. One of the projects was the pain machine. You can try it out in the hardware area. But the one that really got on a roll was TV Beacon. What was really cool was TV Beacon. TV had had control over my life.  And I went pulled for 1980s. I just made a cold move. I didn't watch TV anymore. And that improved my life the next 15 years. The 2000s was starting to pop up everywhere in public places in the way that it is now. I was just terrible. This thing that had power over me, I could get rid of it from my apartment. And now I am able to get rid of it and get my apartment away from the TVs. And I couldn't get my apartment in the bus. And I didn't want to get away from this thing that had a lot of power. So I did. And now I am able to get rid of it all. And I made it. And practically the whole year, I got rid of it pretty easily. I mean, in Hong Kong, it's just blinking and infrared. And then it's just blinking and infrared. It's just blinking and infrared. It's just blinking and infrared. And it's a microcontroller, it's a microcontroller, it's a microcontroller. But it just doesn't show that the codes, for example, are not public. So it took me a year to find out how these codes work, how you can analyze these remote controls and how you can follow the rules and that I didn't have that. And so I got the right 10,000 dollars to do that. But I didn't have all of the data. And I had a lot of data. And I had to get the real-do code. It was a lot of data. And, for example, that an encode and an outcode are practically the same. But depending on the situation of the TV, it only makes sense. But once I was turning off any TV, I was totally in the material. When I turned off one TV, I was totally in the material. I loved it. I was totally in the material. And I continued to do it because it was fun, because I loved it. I was just doing it because I loved it. It wasn't fun for me. They were helping me because they thought I was really a friend, because it was fun. Well, so everyone helped me. They thought it was really cool. And I made one for my friend. And here I would have a lot of them live. And TV's off everywhere I went. I was built in San Francisco, where I went all the way down. I just turned off all the TV where I loved it. And I saw what they were doing. And it was really fun. And I couldn't be going for everyone. So I just loved it. And it was also so cool. They wanted to have some manufacturer. But I couldn't, but I couldn't for them, they weren't just doing it for friends. I also wanted them, that's why I wanted to do it. And I wanted to make it in a master's. And I wanted to have friends, which I'd say is something you'd like to do with this. But I don't know if you can make a business out of it. So I think conventionally, I know it's probably that you don't have a company that's still buying and paying as I could afford. I bought as many as I could afford. Not just a couple of hundred, but a couple of ten thousand. And I thought maybe it would take, I don't know, five years, maybe five thousand. That's why I calculated I would have to sell in order to, I don't have to sell five thousand to get there, to be good, to be good. So even if it never came out in five years, if it only came out, it would be perfect, because then I'd have 5,000 people in the world that would turn off the TV. It's kind of bizarre, because we live in a world where people just automatically go in and run for a ride, if it's not on, if it's not on, if it's not on, if it's not on, if it's not on, but if I have other people that can help, but I found out I was doing wrong, I didn't have to sell five thousand. I didn't sell five thousand in five years, but I sold 20,000 in three weeks. And I had to order more. I had to adjust, but all of my friends were a little bit stressful, but almost all of them were in a place in their life they could quit jobs. All of my friends had the opportunity to, so they were at a point in their life where they could just get a job and start a company with me. And that was really cool. But you know that moment, the first day of sales was because he had done an article in school and he was part of that, and not all, because it would be like 15 minutes or so, but then he spent all day, all night, we spent the entire night there with him, where we went through San Francisco and did a TV show, and where people then said, we can do a TV show, what do you think about it? And I was like, I don't know, we can do a TV show, what do you think about it? And that's how we got to wire.com. And then people pay attention to wire.com because that morning, the first day of sales was the 19th of October and that article, people were just waiting for the website to come out, but they were just waiting for the website to come out, and they were just waiting for the website to come out, so they might want to buy this thing, and they said, buy one of these things, and they started even orders immediately, and they were like, okay, what are people doing? Were they just hitting the F-5? I mean, what were people doing? Were they just hitting the F-5? Yeah, that's what was happening. So I think we are in actual public radio and I think the national radio in the USA had talked about it, and I had an interview there, and I don't know what I said. I think it went well, and the People Magazine called me, and Fox called me, if I want to appear live on TV. And I don't know how many people have watched me live on TV in the Fox Studio. I can't, oh, I'm obscured by mice. Oh, I'm going to be covered by the microphone in the stream. Okay, so I guess people are watching out there. Yeah, anyways, because of all that, I was invited to all these public talks, I was invited to hold a lecture, and to talk in a camera is one thing, but to talk in front of a huge audience and to see how you're doing, that's something else. I mean, I'm a nerd, but I guess I did okay, and I'd like to do that, and I think I've taken my life continually in unexpected ways, and I think my life has always changed in an unexpected way, but I want to say that that I had success in my search for what I'm alive, but this is my definition of success. If you can find the things and I think you will find things and you have to make time for them, and you find something you love so other people will too, and they will be coming together and it's available for others. Then the chances are not bad that you will find people who will like to do it, and they will be doing what you love, and then you can continue to do what you love. It's possible. You can guarantee it. I can only guarantee that it won't happen if you don't try. But because of all that, I met some people who had been a few years later. She started AIDA, for example, who started AIDA a few years later. She is now a huge company for Open Hardware. She does a lot of great things for the Open Hardware community, and she is friends with the manufacturer of Make Magazine. They invited me to San Francisco for a Make Affair. I didn't know it was a Make Affair. I was in the middle of it and I thought, why did they meet a lot of people and share what they created with other people and I went there and I was totally impressed. A lot of introverted geeks share their projects. Of course, nobody really did anything because it was a Make Affair. I thought, next time I go there, I'll bring people with me, because I like to do that. I then scaled a few loot items until I brought a thousand people for Make Magazine in two days. I started writing for Make Magazine and this is the first time that I published the Brain Machine that helps people with meditation. At some point, you hallucinate colors and patterns and you think that people like to hallucinate and that's why the project was taken care of. I want to share the benefits of meditation with another one of us, which was another important thing that was very important to me to lead a life that I like to live and that's why I wanted to share that with others. And I wanted people to understand something even if they hadn't done something yet. On the Make Affair, I met someone named Bernie S who called me up in order to be part of 2600 and he talked to me about the TV and invited me to a hacker conference and I thought, what the hell is that? I didn't really know much about hacker conferences and I went there and the first one was Hope 6 and that totally changed my life forever. This was thousands of the most cool, unique, and all the ones I could ever imagine in a huge hotel in New York City and I loved it. I thought it was so big. And ever since then I've been doing hacker stuff and I didn't know that, but I had my whole life already hacked. And that's hacking and we can hack at that conference to improve your life. And on this conference there were a few people, a very special one, and well, a bunch of people and they told me about these things in Germany and at the time it was the Chaos Communication Congress in Berlin. My first congress was the 23C3 and that's somewhere here buried in all my walls. And that's what's left of it. So, yeah, and again there was hardly anything being made there so I set up a whole group. I had a few hacking area and I put that on top of the hardware hacking area and on my next hacker conference that was this one, and there were only a thousand geeks and with all the people I wanted to talk to I wanted to talk to of course there was lasers and LEDs and a rocket and of the hundreds of talks and of the hundreds of talks there were a bunch of people who talked about hacker space design patterns and I thought, hm, But they're like, you know, they've got the life in what most people call the real world.  But if I could start a hacker space in my own city, then you have to listen to them. We could do that all year round and meet and see what we love and doing things, trying to bring the best people to be who they can be. That's why I started Noisebridge with a few friends. We met and created this really cool room. We had a lot of problems, but we solved them all. And we still do that. It's hard work, but it's so, so, so valuable. We don't need it to survive, but we need it to feel alive. And we don't have enough of it in our lives. And that's why we're here, right? And it's cool to be on the video, and it's cool that these technologies exist, but it's so much cool to be here or on the stream. It's cool that there's this technology, but it's so much cooler to be in this room and to have this common experience. And on the camp, there were people who had an MIC resistor and other hacker spaces, and these were very influential together with hacker spaces in Germany, which already existed. And all of these helped us start my hacker space, and they started another hacker space again. After a year, there were 100 more. After another year, there were 500 and then 1,000 to the city hacker spaces. It started as an exponential growth. It's an exponential growth. A year later, this map is actually kind of obliterated in there, on which some continents are no longer known for older pins. That's an old map, because China is now obliterated with hacker spaces, and if I still have time, I'll talk about that later. So, yeah, starting off kind of small. I mean, people were looking at this bridge. I had it every Monday in a noise bridge since 2007, and now I travel so much that someone named Jay that's been doing it for a couple of years. And it became one of our most popular things to do. And, you know, it kind of grows. And it just grows from my favorite picture where I suddenly got 50 people to loot that I've been on the 30C3 for three years. Yeah, look, I mean, they're just learning to solder. I think it's a big deal. I mean, they're just learning how to solder. That's not a big deal, but look how happy they are. That's the kind of thing that happens when people just come together and find something. People just meet up to try something. You know, I feel confident. You know, they might even like to solder ever again. And even if someone never looted, then these people have the confidence that they can do something that they didn't know they could do. It's fun.  It's just great to travel the world and bring people what they want to learn and to do whatever it is they're hoping to do to inspire them to try things that they think are cool in their lives. Whatever, just a few pictures. Here's a talk.  There's one in Rio. And that's in Rio. That's much cooler. There's more LEDs in Rio de Janeiro from a month ago. Back a few years ago, when I was still doing make-up fairs, when I went to make-up fairs, they were still growing. And it's just fun to invest time and to help a lot of people from different age groups. In 2011, they gave me this award because you can see a video of me crying and you can see a video of me always making with emotion. And when you see how I cry, you can refresh this video. First hand, it turns out the last Mitch Altman Hero Award. They even had the last Mitch Altman Hero Award that they named after me. And that's just a recognition for doing what I like to do. And that was great. And at the end of this, at the New York Make-up Fair, there was a thank-you dinner for everyone who helped. And they talked about all these great things and then there was about this $10 million for a $10 million prize that was really, really cool. And then there was about this $10 million prize that was really, really cool. And I was so excited to be in school in the USA and then someone came to me and said, first of all, sorry, what part of the American military is. And I thought that he turned me into a�華 because I would get that every place where I had all my military came and wanted to take what we were doing in every single time that the military came and wanted to take away all that I got. that I didn't want to quit making fear. I never imagined that the military would come and want to quit that. But they did, and then they separated with the vile. And I knew I would feel terrible quitting having made fear, but it would not be fair of all helping, the make fear, but I knew that it would be even to help the military, to bring people to the top, and when I know that I have enough tour in which I pay my damn taxes. And it still makes me really sad, to think about it, and also angry. But it gave me a lot more time to do other things. It took a lot of time, which I loved. But because of that, I wasn't able to give all that. But that's why I was invited to TEDx in Brussels. It was 2,200 people, and I talked about Hacker Spaces. That I helped a lot of people to get Hacker Spaces all over the world. I do manufacturing to be gone in China. I do play that in China. It pays them well. It pays them well. It pays them well. It pays them well. It pays them well. There are a lot of people like that in China, but not more like that. There are a lot of places in China, but not more like that. And I go there every year, so communication goes on. After Bunny Huans organized a tour in Shenzhen, I thought it would be cool to take people from Neusbridge. That's why I started Hacker Trips to China. Where I take Hacker to China and show you all the cool things there. It's always fun to get into a bunny suit. But what we see here is really fun. This is an image of Beijing Airport, for example. I think it's wonderful. I've been working with this guy for a professor at Shenzhen University. He's a professor at Shenzhen University. I think it's the best university in China. As we're going around, we get invited to give talks. And the more I give talks, the more I'm invited to give talks. I'm invited to give talks. The more I give talks, the more I'm invited to give talks. The more I give talks, the more I talk to your pets.   And it's... I give talks, I really like to know from small rooms to big universities. And these posts are behind me. We invited a white guy who's going to talk about Hacker Spaces. All these groups are doing it as well and the other people are talking to this, but it ends up all the way at the top of government pushing the... and the government has the spits here. The Prime Minister last year visited the Hacker Spaces in Shenzhen. This is China's company. in Shizhen. And that the future of China, I can imagine, that the premier said that the future of China, and now everyone in China, they have to be able to do hackerspace. So the U.S. does not want to be left too far behind. So, oddly enough, this guy, he's amazingly brilliant, wonderful. He works in Shenzhen, China, and works out in the hackerspace. So, anyways, hackerspaces are awesome, but the only thing about them is community. The most important thing in these hackerspaces is the community. It's always about the community. So many things come out of it, but the most important thing is the community. You have to create a community that works for yourself. Whether it's mechanical things, if people come up with mechanical things, people come up because they like the community.  And what about hacking? And there's many definitions of hacking, and I've seen the world full of resources. My view of it is the world as resources to see. And we can use every resource we want. They were intended by the people who created those resources. We can improve our projects. We can improve our projects. And then our projects can be all we need. And then we share our experience. And we do it because we love it, and that's really nice. And here's a photo of my earlier presentation. They want to create the next Silicon Valley. The next Silicon Valley you don't have to be an entrepreneur. If you're an entrepreneur, you have to be a hacker.  If you're good, you have to be a hacker. You need this creative thinking. It'll be meaningful for other people, so that's why it's so important. And of course anything can hack. Most people think of electronic things like computers, but there are also tools that you can hack. For example, for art and crafts. And it's science. You do science. You do science. This is to see what a lot of things can learn from it. And then there are more hypotheses. You look at what's happening. And we hack ourselves all the time to become better people. And we have the planet that we love, that we can hack. And that needs our love and our help. But we have to hack everything. And that's so much better with the help of others. And if you share the whole thing as... to make all of our communities and our society better on this planet. We can do that with different things. And with art, with art, with cooking, with every age. It's not about age. Small and big people have things that they can share with each other. And this is why we have such fantastic... why hackerspace is so cool and places to learn. Hackerspaces is part of their curriculum now. There are schools that have hackerspaces as part of their education plan. And I'm going to talk a little bit about it. But it's always about the community. But this is where real innovation happens. This is where real innovation happens. When people are in creative thinking processes, things like drones are created. That was in 23c for the first time. At 30c3, the first public show was shown how hackers from a couple of elevators and a microcontroller are building something that can fly. Of course it has a lot of LEDs on it, so it looks better. But now it's open source and you can buy small drones instead of big ones. And for $15. And all the people involved in it don't know how it looks. But the whole thing is public. But of course drones have a negative side as well. For example the guy here in the white house. He uses the whole thing to bring people around. But everyone can make their own decisions. And I'm going to talk about that if you want to. So anyway, hackerspace is cool. We had 40 in 2007. And now we have over a million worldwide. And governments support them because they think they're cool. And they're good for the economy. And it gives us the opportunity to build something like this. But that's not hackerspace. Here's China. The THU makes space. Here we have China in Shanghai. And Beijing. And this one is mostly for education. And here's a school. And here's another one from Shenzhen. And I helped the university with the hacker residence program. They have 10 hackers that spread everywhere. And they want to bring it everywhere. And I helped them to do it. It's a funny poster that we developed for the beginning of it. And that's why we founded hackerspace.org. Where you can enter what you know and what you can learn. Where you can find things. And share the whole thing with others. And I'm working on the website in residence.org. I've been trying that for a few years now. But hopefully in the next few months it will be online. Where you can go through the residents. And hackerspace.org is a website where you can find resources to create your own hackerspace. I could go on, but I would prefer QI rather than rant more. I would prefer to take questions instead of holding a lecture. Last slide. I'm pretty easy for all. Hackerspace is awesome. That's why I do all I do is to help people to explore and make them meaningful to do that. That's why I'm trying to do what they like. I think a vast majority of their lives are way worth while. Because I think that a large majority of people don't live that much in their own face. We have a life goal in a deciding role. And lives don't work well. That's why people feel like they were all living. And if our society doesn't feel like we're all living, then I think we're slightly manipulatable. But when we come together and share our resources, we can do so much. Then we don't have to wait for the government to do cool things for us. And if we wait for the government to do cool things for us, then we'll all die.   And we can do that too. Thank you very much, Mitch, for your inspirational talk. And I'd like 15 minutes left of your inspiration. You always wanted to talk. We have 15 minutes left for questions. If you have questions, you can go through the room. And while we wait for people to gather courage to move the microphone. We'll wait for the people to go through the microphone. There's a question from IRC. Can hackers bases be viewed as a force for democracy and can hackers bases be viewed as a force for democracy and transparency in China? I hope so. I hope so. The Chinese government... It's always exciting to go to China. I've been there every year for one or two months. I've been there since 2003. And I have my own perspectives on China that are pretty unique and not necessarily correct. But it's always exciting to be there and to see how it opens up in an exciting way. If you're wrong about China's mainstream media, then it's a totally wrong impression of what's happening there. Of course, some things are correct. It's a huge centralized government and I'm not a fan of that. And they do a few terrible things. But I see it very similar to my own government that I don't think is that great. But China is a place that I go a lot in some way or I'm a home to it. And China is also a kind of home to me because I'm so often there.  And your first time ever is an experiment to try things out to bring people to life, to lead them to find the value of life. And there are really bureaucrats who use this language. And that's really exciting. I didn't like going to China at all. I really didn't like going to China at all because it was very closed. But in the last ten years they had opened up so much. But for two years they've been going in the wrong direction. So hopefully, with hackers being open up where people are encouraged to open up and people are motivated to do interesting things some of them will do some of the things to make their lives around them much better. And the lives of the others to make them around them much better. That's what we see. Things can change very quickly in my country. And that's what happens in my country. And apparently the world follows when it happens in the USA. Next question from the mic. You mentioned that you have the Dustin 30C3 event. I remember quite well. I remember quite well. It was when all this known stuff went on. It was when all this known stuff went on. I really remember quite well when I hacked the head so what kind of effect it had on me. And I think I'm also an introverted person. And I have all these feelings of people around me that are kind of depressing the situation. All these thoughts and everything you were doing that was the only thing you could think about or the only thing you could think about was this person and there's this huge organization with so many resources and I can't do anything against it. So what I realized where the hacker space is is that some kind of protected space can get on that feeling in areas where you can do something but where you can only post a question to you but how do you think I would like to ask you how can we break this cycle and we see ourselves only as useless people like you're a huge organization doing crazy running and I believe this one person I can't do anything how to break this cycle and you see all of what it was so many interesting things that you've seen all over the world you've traveled so many interesting places and it's great and it's nice to share your experience but you have an idea of how we get out of it out of this passiveness of being recognized and where I've seen a lot at the 33rd Congress and not at the next congress I think reframing that might be more beneficial but I don't know if you can or maybe you should answer the question I don't know if you can do that and there were a few people who were the government and once they got it to a certain point there was really nothing that could be done except that you had to wait until they knew what to do people could have seen where this was heading maybe they were thinking I think we're in a similar situation right now we're in a lot of trouble like they're openly promoting fascism and all of them are actually now being impoverished and if we take just one symptom of fascism and if we take just one symptom of all the symptoms of fascism so again if we wait for our governments to come to the tool it's not worth it to think where we're dead before it happens hang on for a lot of control over what we choose to do with our time to collect together with people who have a common vision for thinking our life and the lives of the people around us to improve we can do that and it doesn't have to be against other people even if they're up to you what you want to do that's okay, that's your thing what you're against and I'm happy that there are people who are trying to slow things down because it shows everyone that they're not alone and something positive over here and how that would be so cool that we can join them then it doesn't matter as much what's going on over there unless they get in the way and then we can go over there and fight again but we are how fascist anything gets there are always things we could do that we pay and our great leaders are finding fantastic creative ways of helping it decay fast people are going to need to come into what we pay to create a groundwork for what they do by having this every year and if we're just to go out into the world and do cool stuff from that and this whole thing this event here was sold out in minutes because so many people wanted to take part in it we need more right now we need 3500 hacker spaces we need millions and not a hacker space we need people who are helping us and that has to grow regardless of what comes out if everyone in their life and their life does that what we do best then everyone has their own meaning in life and that can help my next question from the IAC the IAC was really very well done and they wanted to know about hacker spaces all over the world if you can call some cultural differences and so you can also the government involvement a little bit about that and they wanted some cool stuff from Africa, Europe and the Middle East all right in my experience hacker spaces have a lot more different things but one thing the cultural difference is that no matter where Africa is in places which are economically depressed in economic disadvantaged places people are encouraged especially right now where we're in a pretty amazing tech bubble and so the government is pushing this people where I come from as a vulture capitalist I encourage the vulture government to put people in and to make money and it's not just about making money and it's not about creating these empty spaces that I've shown you and not creating spaces where growth can happen so that's why people actually want that to happen that there are these creative spaces that's why people like me are invited to hold contracts there are a lot of projects that are created when you have people who do things that they think are cool no matter if people are making more 3D printers or 3D printers or drones that are super popular or VR that's being pushed or the Internet of Things people think it's cool so I don't care what the problem is the main thing is that people work on projects that they think are cool and that happen that's what I see everywhere next question from this microphone next question I think you already mentioned but in China you said that they want to build a Silicon Valley and that you think that it wouldn't be possible can you explain why you think that? Of course there won't be a Silicon Valley I mean the Silicon Valley wasn't created it just happened why did Silicon Valley happen there why didn't it happen here in Hamburg or Omaha or Nebraska it happened there because a lot of people got into San Francisco because San Francisco was a place where it had been going for a long time and there are a lot of introverted geeks who thought computers were cool and got introverted geeks and the computer was cool and in the 70's computers were huge and expensive but since they were small and cheap enough and they couldn't do that alone but together they could they have a community that they hardly have a computer club and in the meantime it's one of the biggest capitalist societies and they're terrible but that's what they've grown up and you can't copy that but what you can do and what's happening in a lot of places and that's happening in many places is that you create a creative environment and that's part of that building is part of that and there a lot of parts of the building and from there you can create things that are cool for them and that's why they're cool for the community in that area that means that there are people who maybe want to pay to do these interesting and really innovative things but to do that they actually have to create and there are resources that flow from up to down from the government local government federal government whatever and if these resources can get into the hands of people who can bring these things up then it's a success and that's why there are so many examples Do you have another question from the internet? A question from the internet The question is how the internet was created as a military idea could you take the money and make sure that the hackerspace is doing positive things instead of negative? Sure, but at the same time I still help the military and if you want to do that then please do it, but I don't want to Next question Thank you You look really happy Did you come to Russia before? I came to Russia in 1973 in 1973 when I was in Russia you had a cashknife with my parents my father was an architect so we brought a lot of architects together and said we already have a Russian architecture and we did that, that was cool Russia is probably a little different today I would like to go there I'm happy and I'm happy to do what I love I'm happy because I do what I love I have time to explore things and it took years but finally I found a life that I love it takes a lot of luck and it takes a lot of luck and it takes the support of the right people to the right time there's no guarantee there's no guarantee I would like to answer what you said that fascism can exist and we do our cool stuff and I could just say that that comes from a privileged position as a white man I can say that we can do that but our moral obligation is to stop fascism and if we don't do that and we don't do that then they will come for us so I think my question is what do you want to do against fascism? I didn't want to say that they should do what they do or that they should let them do it but we have we just don't have the energy to stop fascism that we see I didn't want to convey the impression that we should just do it when Trump was elected I was elected and I knew that would because I was in Great Britain in March and April and I saw how they designed the hate machine so that it was exactly the same as my country and they had already put the hate machine against Clinton and it was obvious that it wouldn't be a burden and they actually they actually talked about Hitler maybe he changes his mind Trump is an idiot not an idiot he knows exactly what he's doing the day after his election the hate crimes in the USA were shot in the sky and not just crimes but also mobbing of people who weren't wise or straight enough even in San Francisco which is a place for crazy people I saw myself as someone in a city bus and he said we were just white middle class people and he said that San Francisco was a heterosexual white city and that was a bus full of people who weren't heterosexual or white and because of that people said well we have to stop this every candle yet if we don't it's over and it doesn't matter what we're doing whatever happens we have to come together and do cool stuff for ourselves and that can grow or not but we still have to do that because it's the right thing to do and because it's the only thing that feels valuable thank you so much thank you very much we are now at the end of the session that was the session


On the road, on our Walmart to Walmart tours, we don't get much entertainment. And what we do, we're watching Trucker Josh, you should too. Flatbed trucking, Sam rides. Tell them all about it, Sam. Tell them, they're on your road. Tell them, tell them, Sam. Tell them how it is. Woof, woof, woof. Roll tight trailer that's supposed to be waiting in the yard for me. Hopefully everything is there and ready. And paperwork is supposed to be in my mail slot. It goes according to plan. The plan will be executed flawlessly. That's the plan, to execute the plan. I'm not too sure what I even have to deliver. I know it's chained down. And the chains on the load belong to one of our own operators. And I got to make sure to remember to return it to the yard and tag it for him and make sure that those get back to him. So it must be some kind of machinery or parts or something. I think this is the trailer I'm supposed to take. There was a driver that left the paperwork in my slot like he was supposed to. So I got the paperwork, but he didn't write the trailer number on the paperwork. Luckily Dispatch yesterday told me which trailer it's on. So I'm hoping that they're right. We're just gonna double check. Supposed to be one piece in here, chain down parts for a crane. I got that one piece delivered here and I was told this is a very tight corner so to take it wide, here we go. We're in the St. Boniface industrial zone in Winnipeg. So not only is it... Oh, I don't want all that dust in my truck. Nah, you stay out there. You stay out there. So not only is it a tight corner, it's also a busy corner apparently. Oh, that pickup truck just cut off that truck. Oh, he's giving her now. He's giving her now. Had to be first. Good job, buddy. You're first. Oh, now you gotta stop for that guy. Ha, ha, ha, justice. Okay. I'm going, I'm going. Here we go. Here we go. Sanding it. Take her wide, trucker Josh. Take her wide. No trains coming. Nice. Okay.  Oh, yikes. So I gotta turn left up here and then I'm gonna go left up Lajimodier to the perimeter. What's this? Does that say gas is $1.99? No, $1.79, nine. Nevermind. Nevermind. Don't get your hopes up, trucker Josh. The world is still messed up. $1.99 is still expensive, by the way. By the way, it's always gonna be expensive until it goes back down below a dollar. Where it should be, where it belongs. $1.80 per liter for gasoline. What are we, Europe? We don't pay those prices here. Red lights, they always slow me down. There's not even anybody here. Oh, there comes a van. Better give her, bud.  Give her, give her, but don't speed. Don't speed. Oh, you didn't make it. Oh, you're going for it anyways. Going for it anyways, I'll forgive you. I won't tell anybody. I won't tell anybody. We gotta go through here and then turn left. Looks like everybody there is turning left, so I'll be able to also turn left.  Everybody's happy. What's this guy doing? He's got his left turn signal on. Are you like, what are you doing? Oh, hey bud, you didn't need the whole road for that. You could have made it from this lane, but I guess better safe than sorry. That is a tight driveway, and he didn't take a very good angle. But that's okay, here I am, just judging him. Oh man, that is a tight spot to get into. I think I would have taken it from this lane, but I may as well take the whole road if you need it, whatever. Oh look, gas is free at Domo. Free, plus five cents off. So they pay you five cents per liter? Nice. Get paid to fill up at Domo. Tell your friends. I need to turn left from this lane, it's also a left turning lane. So wonderful, the brakes work just nicely, like they're supposed to, I love it. I really gotta clean my windshield, don't I? Yikes. What is wrong with me? I even bought a special little tool so I could like do it, like sitting here, like when I'm parked, obviously, and it like reaches out to all the window, it makes it really easy. But I left it in the shop. Of course I did. Why would I take things I need with me? That'd be way too convenient. Are we gonna make the light? Are we gonna make the light? Come on guys, give her. I don't wanna wait. Stay green, stay. Stay. Yes. Oh, look at that. So this is Lajmaudier. It goes all the way through the city on the east side of the river. This actually turns into Highway 59 and goes right past work. If you follow this highway all the way south, it'll take you down to the US into Lancaster, Minnesota, crossing from Tolstoy, Manitoba. And if you follow it all the way north, it takes you up to Cottage Country. Why was that guy in my lane? He doesn't have a signal on, so it's not like he was trying to get in here. Some people don't know where their vehicle is in relation to the lane. Sometimes you can always tell because people who have a driver's seat here on the left, they'll put themselves in the center of the lane instead of their car. So you can always tell because they're always offset to the right. Oops, oops, oops, oops. Oh ho, you didn't hear nothing. I won't tell if you don't. Can't find them, grind them. Yeah, you always see those people who are offset and then they're always hitting curbs and stuff on the side because they put their steering wheel in the center of the lane instead of off to the left. It's kind of funny. But you gotta be careful because when they're in that lane, they wander into your lane all the time. Come on in, bud, I see your signal. Lots of room, lots of room, give her. Come on in, come on in. Make your decision, there you go. Or you made your decision, make your move. They're gonna do the road cleanup, like the spring cleanup. It's so dusty out here because we still got all the sand on the road from winter. Maybe they're waiting to see if we're gonna have fifth winter. You never know. I'm gonna be really early for my appointment. My appointment is noon. It's 10.30 right now. I'm just getting into our bird. So I guess that's good. It's better to be really early than really late. It's better to be really early than one minute late. Ahem, there's some flooding around here. Looks like Highway 7 was closed. I took Highway 8 up, which is probably good.  Thank you for not looking. Ah, he did look just at the last second. Look at all this water here, eh? There's supposed to be a river down there under that bridge. Wow. I don't think the water's gonna be going up any further. I think it's started to go down already, but. Yeah, it's definitely flooding in areas of the province. Manitoba is the low-lying grounds of the prairies. We have water that comes all the way from the eastern Rockies. It flows all the way out here into the Red River and up into Lake Winnipeg, and then up into the Hudson's Bay up north into the ocean. So we're the lowest-lying land. I believe Winnipeg is about 900 feet above sea level, whereas when you go to Calgary out west on the other side of the prairies, there you're sitting at probably what, 1,900 feet? 1,500 to 1,900 feet above sea level. So it's not that much higher, but it's enough that all the water runs all the way this way. And then all the water from down south comes here as well, like down in North Dakota, South Dakota. All that water flows towards the Hudson's Bay, comes right through Manitoba. So every spring, we gotta kind of keep an eye on our water levels. Some areas of the province are lower than others. Where I live in Steinbeck, it's pretty good. There's no real flood risk. It just gets really wet. And then once the ground thaws after winter, it just soaks into the ground, goes into the aquifers. This is good, right? I mean, for the last couple of years, we haven't had enough rain. And the farmers have had bumper crops because they haven't had enough water. It's been very, very dry this year, I guess, made up for it. Like, look at this field here. I don't know how the farmers are gonna get onto the field to sow their crops and to seed. You can't get a tractor in there. You'll just get stuck. You'll sink right into the mud. It's gonna take weeks yet before that field is dry enough for them to get their seeding equipment on there. I hope that doesn't cause problems. I mean, the world's got enough problems with food shortages right now. You don't need the bread basket of Canada to go. It's official. T-shirt weather. It's been long enough. Whew, I was wearing my sweater for most of the morning. It took all day to load here. We got here about 10.30, and it's now 4.30. So it was a bit of a detailed, extensive, complicated load. And we got it done, so I'm proud of that.  And I'm gonna go home, 4.30, 5.30, 6.30. I'll probably be home at about 7 o'clock, 7.30 tonight. But hey, at least we got the load. In the trailer, the load is going to Holbrook, New York, and the USA. If you didn't know where New York was, but before I go, I gotta show you something.  Shined up the truck a little bit more. Because that's what you do when you're bored and you have nothing to do and you're waiting.  How's that look, eh? I got the stacks. Scrubbed up the best I could. I'm gonna have to get some chrome polish and some chrome cleaner or whatever. But the best I could, get all that soot off of there. Slowly. One piece at a time. Eventually it'll shine. Let's get going. The day's done. What's a good YouTube friendly way to describe this day? A long but day. It's nice to be able to come to the shop at the end of the day and have everything organized. This weekend, I'm hoping to get the time to pull all of these products out of the boxes and actually line them up on the shelves here. It'll take up less space and I think it'll look pretty neat. Nice and organized. Better than just boxes on shelves, right? That's all my bull snot. I have a little bit of bull snot. And one piece at a time. We're gonna make this truck shine. You just watch. I got a bunch of microfibers. That's my haul. I try to pick up a new one of those every payday. It's a new pack. So I got lots of clean ones. Those are my dirty ones down there. I need to get a hamper for them yet. I wanna wait until I have a laundry load full and then I'll wash them all together. But these down here don't have any grease on them. But they do have a lot of that black stuff from polishing and I'm hoping that that's not gonna stain our washing machine. If you guys know how to clean these, if I shouldn't put them in the washing machine with that oxidation or whatever, that black stuff from polishing on them, can you let me know how to clean them? I don't wanna just throw them out. That's a waste. Maybe I'll wash them. It'll be fine, right? It'll be fine, fine. Right?  Like not like the other day, like when I spent $800 on air purifiers kind of kill me. This is a, I wreck the washing machine kind of kill me. That's a whole different level. Well, that'd be a fugitive on the run. You guys, I'd just disappear. You guys never hear from me again. Like, it'd be awful. Well, most awful for me because I gotta be disappeared. Can't do that. So we cannot wreck the washing machine. It should be all right though, right? As long as I don't wash it with other stuff. Anybody know? Please let me know in the comments. This is the black stuff I'm talking about. This is that stuff that comes off the aluminum when you're polishing it. It's really dirty, right? You know, some of these rags, it's like right black. Just black, black. I didn't never fully come out, but I do wanna wash them because I wanna use them again. I don't wanna just throw them out. My wife is watching this right now and she's already on her way over to the washing machine to ensure that I haven't already wrecked it. So, God help me. I'm sure it'll be fine. I'm sure it'll be fine. Could always go to a laundromat, I guess. Probably be the safest bet. But then I have the question, where's the nearest laundromat? I don't think we have a laundromat in Steinbeck. So I have to take my whole load of laundry and go do it in Winnipeg? It'd be worth it if I get to live after. I mean, there's that.  But I'll probably, I'll find a laundromat maybe. We'll see, unless you guys can assure me in the comments section that it'll be fine.


Hello, and welcome to the session in which we will discuss stock dividend. What are stock dividend? What's the big idea? Well, for one thing, we are dealing with dividends. What are dividend, dividend comes out of retained earnings. What is retained earnings? Well, the company generate revenues. That's what they do for a business. Then they incur expenses. Then what's left is net income, which is the same thing as their profit. Now, what's going to happen is they're going to park that profit in an account called initially retained earnings. And as the name of it, they are retaining, they are keeping.  And what's that something? It's your earning. It's your profit. And at some point, the company might decide to pay out this earnings in dividend to the shareholders. And this is what dividend is. Now, in this session, we're not talking about cash dividend. That was the prior session. We're going to talk about stock dividend. So rather than giving you cash, we're going to reward the shareholders, but we're going to preserve the cash. We're not going to give the cash out. Now, why not? Well, many reasons. One is we may need the cash for internal growth. So simply put, the company will need the cash to invest in R&D, to buy property, plant and equipment, to expand the company, or they may need the cash simply to operate the business. So that's why we don't pay out the cash. So what we're going to do is this, we're going to reduce retained earnings and we're going to increase common stock. So simply put, we are going to take the retained earnings out, but not in cash. We're going to replace it with, we're not going to give out the cash. We're going to take the retained earnings out and increase common stock. What is common stock? The stockholders ownership. So this is the plan. So notice in this process, we did not affect asset. We did not pay out cash. So there's no cash involved. There's no liabilities involved. Notice when we paid cash, if you remember, we declared the dividend first and became a liability here. There's no liability. We are under no obligation. We decided to take our retained earning and distributed in common stock. And there is no effect on total equity. Why not? Because retained earning went down through, then we issued new shares. Common stock went up. So the total effect on equity none. So notice there is no effect on assets, no effect on liabilities, no effect on equity. So then issue the new ownership and the proportion of the current ownership. So for example, if the company has in total 10,000 shares, and you own 1,000 of those shares, it means you own 10%. Now, if the company decided to issue 5,000 new shares, 5,000 new shares, you will be getting 10% of those. You will be getting 500 shares. So you will receive a proportion of your shares. So this is what it is. So company does not receive anything in return. So when they give you those 500 shares, because you own 10% of the company, because you own 10% of the company. Well, you're going to keep your current ownership, but you don't give them anything in return. Again, there's no change in total equity, but the structure of the equity changes. Why? Retained earning goes down. Common stock goes up. Don't worry, we're going to look at an example to see this. Also, we have to differentiate between two types of stock dividends. We have small stock dividend and a large stock dividend. So what's the difference between the two? Small stock dividend is when the company issue new stock that are less than 20 to 25% of the outstanding stocks. Let's assume the company will have 100,000 shares outstanding. If they issue new, they decided to issue new 18,000 shares and distributed, 18,000 is of 100,000 is 18%. That's considered small stock dividend. If the company decided to issue 35,000 shares, well, guess what? It's more than 20 to 25%. What would that make it? That would make it a large. Now, you might be asked, what happened if the issue 22%, don't worry. You don't have to worry about this on the CPA exam, nor in your accounting courses. So what's going to happen is this, if the issue is a new small, if the, if the new stock dividend is a small stock dividend.  They will tell you the issue 18,000 shares. You have to understand 18,000 is 18% out of the, out of the outstanding shares, which is a small. If that's the case, we debit retained earnings. Remember, every time we declare dividend retained earnings, we have this retained earnings will go down. How much do we bring down retained earnings? We're going to take the 18,000 shares since it's a small times the market value of the stock. So we debit retained earnings for the fair value of the stock. And this should be given. Okay. Now, why do we debit the fair value of the stock? Because the assumption is we issued new, new shares, but the amount is small. It's not going to make any change to the stock price. Now, if we issue, if we considered, if we consider the new stock dividend as a large stock dividend, let's assume we're issuing 35,000 new shares, what's going to happen is we're going to debit retained earnings, 18,000, 35,000, and be careful. This is the difference. This is the main difference, 35,000 times the par value. Obviously we're going to work an example. I'm just showing you the rules. So the debit here, the debit retained earnings is the number of shares debit retained earnings for the par value of the stock. So the number of shares times the par value, small number of shares times the fair market value. Here we assume that why don't we use the market share? Because we assume the market share, it's going to be influenced because we're issuing a large number of shares. As a result, the price of the share usually will go down. Now, the best way to illustrate this concept is to take a look at an example. So I'm going to be looking at this company where they have common stock, $10 par value, 20,000 share issued, which give us 200,000 in common stock. The company has 50,000 of additional paid in capital and retained earnings of 450,000. So all in all, we have total equity of 700,000. And this is before we declare any stock dividend. Before we proceed, I would like to remind you whether you are an accounting student or a CPA candidate to take a look at my website, farhatlectures.com. I don't replace your CPA review course. Most likely if you're studying for your exam, you have a CPA review course and that's great. You keep it. I'm a supplemental tool. I'm a useful addition to that CPA review course, nor I replace your accounting course. My motto is saving CPA candidate and accounting students, which I believe they're the same unit because if you're an accounting student, you really want to be a CPA one at a time by providing new resources, lectures, detailed lectures, multiple choice, practice exercises to help you succeed. This is a list of my courses that you can find on my website, advanced accounting, governmental, managerial, intermediate, basic tax, so on and so forth. My CPA material are aligned with your becker, Roger, Wiley and Gleam. So it's very easy to go back and forth between my material and your CPA review course. I give you access to all previously AI CPA questions with detailed solution. That's 1500 of them in addition to thousands of practice questions. If you have not connected with me on LinkedIn, please do so. Take a look at my LinkedIn recommendation, like this recording, share it with other, connect with me on Instagram, Facebook, Twitter and Reddit. The best way to illustrate the concept is to actually work an example. Let's assume Adam Company has 10,000 shares of $1 par value common stock. The board of directors decided to issue 1,000 stock in dividends. So we have 1,000 out of 10,000. That's the first thing you want to take a look at is 10%. This is we are dealing with a small stock dividend. You have to know whether it's a small or large. If it's a small, we need the fair value. The fair value is giving will always be giving $6. Let's start the entry. We're going to debit retained earnings for the number of shares issued times the fair value, which is 1,000 new shares times $6. That's going to give us $6,000. We're going to credit common stock dividend, distributable, a new equity account, common stock. This is going to become common stock. How do we credit common stock? Well, we credit common stock, the number of shares times the par value, which is, I'm sorry, number of shares, which is a thousand new shares times the par value, a thousand. What's left is paid in capital, par value, common stock, 5,000. And this is the entry that we make on the declaration date. So let's see what's going to happen after the declaration date. After the declaration date, we're going to have a new account on the equity section called common stock dividend, distributable. And that's going to give us $1,000. It's going to be a new $1,000. Common stock was not affected yet. We did not issue the stock yet, and we have an additional $5,000 to additional paid in capital, $55,000, and retained earning went down six. So notice what happened. Retained earning goes down six. Common stock dividend, distributable became a thousand. And the remaining $5,000 went into paid in capital. So what happened to the overall equity? It's still the same, $700,000. So what's going to happen on the distribution date? On the distribution date, we are going to distribute the stock. Therefore, this common stock dividend, distributable, we're going to debit this account, therefore, it's going to be gone. We're going to get rid of this account. And we're going to credit regular common stock. Simply put, we're going to take the $200,000 will become $201,000. Basically the same thing. All what we did is we took $6,000 out of retained earnings. So we subtracted basically $6,000 out of retained earnings. We added $5,000 plus $1,000. And that's all what happened. So all in all, total equity is still the same. This is for a small stock dividend. Let's change the scenario and look at a large stock dividend. Already told you it's large, but usually on the exam, they don't tell you this. Adam company has $1,000, $1 par value common stock. The board of directors decided to issue 4,000, 4,000 new stock dividend. 4,000 divided by 10,000 is 40%. Now I'm dealing 40%. I'm dealing with a large stock dividend. So notice they gave you the fair value. I give you the fair value to confuse you. So you have to be careful. Don't say, well, I was giving the fair value. I was confused. Be careful. It's it's a large for a large stock dividend. We are going to debit retained earnings for the number of shares times the times the par value, $4,000. We credit common stock dividend to be distributed 4,000. Notice we don't have paid in capital. Why not? Because we're issuing the shares at par. So we don't have any additional par value. So this is on the declaration date and notice what happened. All what we did is we reduced retained earning by 4,000. It went to common stock dividend distributable for now. So retained earnings went down. Common stock dividend distributable went up. Equity is still the same on a distribution date. We're going to get rid of this number because we're going to issue the stock. We're going to get rid of it and add it to common stock. Now we have common stock, 204,000. Well, let's take a look at our equity again. All what we did is we took 4,000. This went down by 4,000. This went up by 4,000 because these two accounts cancel each other out. And this is a large stock dividend. What should you do now? Go to farhatlectures.com and work multiple choice questions and look at additional resources at the end of this recording.  Don't shortchange yourself. My subscription will give you additional information that's going to help you with your CPA review course, which will help you on your exam. Don't shortchange yourself. The CPA exam is worth it. Good luck. Study hard. And of course, stay safe.