Good afternoon everyone Welcome to a session with the modest title a conversation on the future of medicine We're very fortunate to have here a tool go on to renown surgeon author of Many books that many of you have probably read perhaps most recently being mortal Before that books about the checklist which also has had a big influence on the practice of medicine Also a practicing surgeon Who continues to operate on individuals who need his skills in endocrine surgery? And a person who writes regularly for the New Yorker thoughtful very influential pieces That comment on the state of health care such as it is and ways that it might actually Get better I'm Francis Collins. I'm the director of the National Institutes of Health in the United States. I'm a physician Scientist I had the privilege of leading the human genome project Back in that exciting decade there where that effort went forward and now as the director of NIH I oversee the world's largest supporter of biomedical research Which covers a whole lot of territory from basic science through translation through clinical trials So we're gonna have a fun conversation and it's not very scripted. So It's hard to say exactly where this might go But I thought it might be interesting for starters a tool Just to read for the group here the final few sentences of your most recent contribution to the New Yorker Which just came out this week And I won't put the context in I'll ask you to do that Tool writes we can give up an antiquated set of priorities and shift our focus from rescue medicine to lifelong incremental care or We can leave more and more people to suffer and die from conditions that increasingly can be predicted and managed This isn't a bloodless policy choice. It's a medical emergency What were you talking? First of all, can I say thank you for having this conversation? I get to have this conversation with one of my heroes so It's a special occasion What I meant by that I would We built medicine and the we built the health care systems around the world At a time when medicine's capacity to deliver value was really around heroic interventions 1930s 1940s 1950s it was penicillin to rescue you after you had a pneumonia that could kill you or Operations to step in if you have cardiac disease and rescue you, you know after you've already developed And maybe they had a heart attack or you have kidney failure and now we can give you dialysis and things like that The capacity of fields that were incremental in nature small steady deposits of of Care over time like primary care. There wasn't that much they could offer to do that would make a big difference in your future But what I'm pointing to is the fact that data-driven health care is arriving and it has already Started crossing the curves that my field like surgery Had a clear immediate value we could provide in people's lives But now you know by the 60s we discovered that high blood pressure We didn't realize this but that high blood pressure was one of our biggest killers leading to not just heart disease, but also to dementia Leading to kidney failure and we discovered and it took time We didn't have it in the 30s and 40s, but we we found the medicines that could control blood pressure And now they're really cheap and easy to provide but We and and as we've added that kind of predictive capability You know the reason we could just discover that hypertension mattered was we could gather the data about what happened to people's and studies like the Framingham heart study looked at an entire community across the course of people's lives and Discover all these things that turn out to make a clear difference Hypertension smoking and so on but that's getting even more sophisticated as we add genomics as we add information showing that the community you live in might matter and a lot of the work I do in Ariadne labs with the research center I run in my writing is about how the quality of care in your health system turns out to be very predictive of your likelihood of survival So what I was describing was a world where the Heroics is still what we reward Are not only our surgeons like me the highest paid people in our profession I'm armed with millions of dollars of equipment when I go to work to do my best work for people but The people who look after high blood pressure Half of the people in the country in the United States and around the world It's a billion people with high blood pressure only 14% are receiving Appropriate treatment for their care even when they've seen doctors there They still have uncontrolled care uncontrolled high blood pressure I can't help but jump in here as you're talking about the heroic model for how we value the way in which care is Delivered to tell you a personal story about my own daughter who's a physician Trained in internal medicine Got expert training in nephrology the study of kidneys went into nephrology practice spent most of her time overseeing Dialysis and got very frustrated with all of the ways in which patients that she had to take care of Had diseases that could have been managed much better at an earlier point diabetes hypertension, but weren't So she reinvented herself gave up dialysis and basically her whole practice is hypertension But she takes care of patients in a holistic way. She gets to know them her appointments are 30 minutes at least She makes about $50,000 a year Fraction a fraction of what she made before so yes the way in which we value the delivery of care As you're telling this story resonates very strongly with watching in my own family what we have done So how do we get to this mess and and how do we change it? Well, it's for logical reasons in some sense when When illness was experienced as a catastrophe that needed rescue It was a fire you built a system to provide fire engines Yeah, and so we had all of our insurance was designed to rest provide for your hospital and Interventional needs and that was the way it was designed and you know the value wasn't around that steady incremental care So as a result today, we still live in that system where the highest-paid clinicians orthopedic surgeons Interventional cardiologists and the lowest paid pediatricians Internal medicine physicians rheumatologists your daughter And and specialists like HIV specialists and geriatricians and others But one of my points is that we're crossing that line now where we are more and more able not to react But to project and predict What could go wrong for you and one of the things we have wrong with our model about recognizing how to use genomic information And how to use data about you know your own personal life You know what your smartphone can tell you about how well you're sleeping and exercising and things like that And about the quality of care that you're getting in the system One of the things we get wrong is that the the idea that genomics should be will lead to an instant fix that That addresses your problem the future what I try to make clear in this article is how Steady incremental care. That's probably lifelong care Based on what we learn from your data and are able to predict and see that's coming down the line And then reshape your future Will be the most life-saving way we deliver on that data We already know if you have a regular source of care from a clinician who knows you You have a longer life expectancy. You have better quality of care, and you have better health and We have made it so in our financing systems certainly in the US But around the world that we are undervaluing that care to the point that we're leaving millions of lives And the potential improvement in their lives at stake So how do we turn that around because those who are responsible for covering the costs of care are generally not enthusiastic about taking on additional responsibilities unless you can show the evidence that that does in fact improve outcomes Extends not just lifespan but health span and maybe even saves money by avoiding the development of very Expensive disorders that could have been prevented But where's where's the path forward here to try to take a health care system? Which is not known for rapid change and providing the kind of evidence that would change this in the direction that I agree We really need to take the whole system Well, so this is where people focus on policy around incentives, and that's important But what we're all missing we're often missing is what you're talking about evidence and science and what does science mean? In the same way that we want to create science and innovation around creating the next new drug We want to have science and innovation around how we actually make the care of patients Put data together with their ultimate outcomes. So for example your your daughter who does hypertension work Innovations that could dramatically change the outcomes of patients people who have high blood pressure Would include how do I use your smartphone to begin to monitor your blood pressure? log in that information Connect it to a clinician, and it doesn't have to be a doctor. It could be a nurse It could be a community health worker who is able to adjust the medications. Let's say you're having side effects Okay, how do I how do I make changes? Let's say it the medications aren't working your blood pressures are still too high how do we get it under control and Be able to no longer make you go in for a 20-minute visit in person with a doctor When and instead have much smaller contacts more virtually Separately in time and also begin to have some self-care components of that where you can drive the choices And it can be more It's not gonna only be self-care based. I mean one of the one of the key things is it that a data Driven healthcare future is going to be about recognizing that it's both clinicians and Patients who are the customer, and they both need scientific Design of innovations and testing to confirm though that we're creating value creating real Improvement in people's lives. So it's I totally agree. That's the path to get to and then the question is sort of how do we develop? The appropriate research-based efforts to begin to build that case I'll tell you about one and I know you're doing a number of studies Maybe you can tell the group a bit about as well one thing we're doing in the United States is in the next few months Sometime this spring a launch an unprecedented program to try to enlist as partners a million or more Americans In the largest ever study of health and disease you mentioned Framingham earlier Framingham was about 25,000 People started 1948 still yielding really interesting data now that we're up to the third generation of those original Participants, but focused mostly on heart disease and much of it built upon technologies that were invented quite a while ago We have a chance now to take that model and put it on steroids if you'll pardon the use of what is a very unfortunate medical phrase And go from 25,000 to a million, but actually study all diseases So this is anybody who's interested can sign up for this. What would you be expected to do?  You will get all this data back about yourself as well So you can see how you compare as well as an opportunity to change your health behaviors with information that you might have wanted to have So this is gonna be very empowering But it's also unprecedented it freaks some people out that we would have this much information in one place But that's how we're going to figure out what really are the factors in health and disease So I'm just curious having heard that much about it. How many of you would sign up today for that kind of a study? Can I see a Okay, it sounds like we'd get a pretty good turnout here and by the way, this is not just a US idea The UK already has the UK Biobank half a million people signed up for this Other countries following suit some of them further ahead than than the US is the latest inventory We did there are 53 studies around the globe that have enrolled or plan to enroll at least a hundred thousand people Now imagine putting all of those data sets together in a way that preserves the anonymity of the participants But allows you to understand similarities and differences in terms of genomics terms of environmental exposure in terms of lifestyle and so on That's the kind of evidence base that I believe could be really powerful The other thing I like about this is that those individuals who are part of this Will also be in a situation to modify their health care and have their health care providers do this as well So this is a pilot project for the transformation of all of health care is for these million people It's going to get transformed a lot sooner And then you can see if the all of us program actually produces the better outcome for them Not just new discoveries, but whether it all comes together in ways that steadily over time Lengthens it lengthens and improves their lives. Exactly. Now some may say well That's just observational study You won't be able to really draw a conclusion about what works and what doesn't but this is also a great platform for them Running randomized controlled trials about interventions if you think you want to see what happens in that particular rigorous way But tell me something about the studies you're doing and we're talking about systems Aren't we systems for for health care and not just picking one parameter and saying we're going to tweak this But trying to understand the whole landscape of how health and disease come. I'll give a quick simple example We run trials now that involve large populations across the United States as well as other parts of the world We've done it in surgery whether it's with the state of South Carolina or in a partnership that involves Scotland or New Zealand and others But the one I'm going to pull out is improving the outcomes in childbirth We focused on randomizing 120 primary health centers across Uttar Pradesh one of the lowest income states 200 million people in North India and We have a hundred sixty thousand births and in half of them They have been randomized to get an intervention which involves going and observing the care Taking the data about the patient and observing the care to see did they do any there are 30 things that are known to be Life-saving at childbirth we know they're underperformed whether it's hand-washing treating bleeding appropriately doing the three things that are demonstrated to Rescue the 10% of babies who are born with difficulty breathing warming the baby skin to skin As the most effective way to to take care of the kids and what we found so far is that by providing Send observers Observe the care Provide the data back and coach them on how to solve problems along the way coach the nurses coach the Medical leadership and even the policy makers that we have had 35 to 75 percentage point jumps in Practices that are all below 10% Adherence and in two months We will then be able to make public around our way to being able to make public what the outcomes are we? I'm optimistic that we'll see significant reductions in mortality It'll be very interesting if improving hand-washing taking hair breathing and and addressing bleeding does not actually improve mortality But this is a place where one in 20 of the kids die When we go to a US setting, we're not at a hundred percent on these 30 known practices So across the world in high middle and low income It's the science of how you deliver on data driven delivery of health care And you've written a lot about that and collected a lot of data about the really major imperfections of our own health care system and the massive differences that occur Across the US in terms of exactly what kind of health care people get your zip code is clearly one of the strongest predictors of What your health is going to look like and that's not something that's written into your genome It's something in your environment and yet it's really a powerful part of this Do you get a sense that the existence of such evidence is actually shifting the attention of our health care system Both in the US and elsewhere from a system which basically pays for procedures Versus one that does expect to see results. Are we are we making progress here? Yeah I think that for the most part the industry in the richer parts of the world are realizing that fee for service is dead That paying fee for quantity of care that each quantity you produce it will give you You know the payment regardless because there's such a wide variation in the results people get Depending on where you go for your care And furthermore that wide variation has no connection to what that cost is And so what we're now seeing is a lot of experiments trying to figure out how to pay for fee for value How to reward or at least neutralize the negative effect of Incentives preventing you from making investments. It's it's a terrible thing that our worst paid people are Pediatricians and others who are just at this moment where arming them with data would allow them to make more of a difference in people's lives so Creating systems that are allowing you to reward the primary care clinicians and others That's going to be crucial for how we move forward But the key part of it is you know what we're observing whether it's in india or our project We have a project in estonia. We have several across the united states Is that there are three things that you end up having to put together You have to put together sound training for the people at the front line You have to put together feedback in the form of data and you have to be able to say show them demonstrated methods for making a better difference in people's lives And that's the connection that puts it all together is can you serve them up with the checklist For what makes the biggest difference in a new cancer patient or and it's going to be a mix of yes this drug but then also a set of Ways of taking care of people including looking after their social situation sometimes Second is Where your gaps are in following that method virtually None of us are measuring remotely carefully how well we're tracking taking care of following those methods And following people and then the third is Not using it to punish people because it's the most complex ambition. We've ever had Is delivering on health care. It's 60,000 different conditions that our 13 organ systems can have We have more than 6,000 drugs 4,000 medical and surgical procedures We're just trying to deploy that capability town by town to everybody alive And so you need data to know how well it's going and use it for improvement not for punishment And what is the consequence of all this for what it means to be a physician because I talk to medical students fairly often. I'm sure you do even more so Things are changing in a direction that makes a lot of sense in terms of building things on evidence But some are complaining this sort of takes the personal art out of it and Requires physicians to be much more paying attention to checklists and bottom line about Finances and are they delivering value as opposed to being the cerebral Know it Based on my past experience. So trust me on this kind of doc that most of us once thought Medicine was going to be what's happening there because if we don't Succeed in recruiting the best and brightest to do this because it doesn't sound like fun anymore Then we're really going to be in big trouble. So we're in this enormous cultural shift of Being in a world where our highest value was autonomy. Yeah The that if you just you know the best way to take good care if medicine is a craft Like any artisan you give them the autonomy to practice the art and don't Look at there. Don't give you know, don't don't interfere me with me and and start looking over my shoulder and saying Whether i'm doing it right or wrong Now that we have data and it indicates some Folks are having really poor outcomes and some are having amazing ones The the pattern that we see is that the places and the people and the ethic that's changing We see this when I was trying to get and I continue to work with surgeons to adopt a surgical checklist And they bristle at it and they bristle at it because the because it's saying someone's trying to tell me how to do my operation Yeah, you're checking on me. The new values are humility The willingness to recognize that no matter how experienced and smart you are the volume of knowledge has exceeded Any one of our capabilities and we're going to miss out on opportunities or and make mistakes any of us will Discipline the belief that doing certain things the same way every time Can be powerful and will help reduce a harm And then teamwork and in teamwork is the big opportunity. So when I talk to young people whether it's young medical students surgeons and others moving on I tell them that one of the most important choices they make is where they're going to work and are they in an environment that actually Enables teamwork and the new opportunity when you're going into this profession now is leadership How you take a team of people The creativity now is not in how I do my little corner of the job, but in how we collectively Measure how far how well we're doing for other people we're taking care of and then recognize their gaps and innovate ways locally nationally internationally to drive Towards that those better outcomes and so the creativity Goes into yes, we're doing certain things the same way every time But we have to learn from it and then change it every few months To get better and better and that is where the creativity and the opportunity comes in So even though it's data driven and that can sound Really like you've turned my brain off. It actually is all about how you use that to turn your brain on It's also about I guess an opportunity to not just be a recipient of the evidence but a creator of the evidence as well Exactly goodness knows we need a lot of physicians to take on that Approach and you're trying to do that internationally. I wonder if you can mention what we talked about earlier, which is Building this capacity whether in asia in southern africa, latin america Yeah, I wanted to go there. So thanks for the suggestion. We're in davos So we are thinking not just about parts of the world that already have a lot of resources about about the whole world and one of the things that many of us Are gathered here, especially at this meeting to talk about is how to build that capacity Both for health care and for research In parts of the world that currently don't have a lot of resources But who could get on that particular pathway and in the process both improve their health care and improve their economies Because this kind of investment clearly pays off in terms of return There is a new coalition that just got formed yesterday Called the coalition for african research and innovation An effort to try between the nih and the gates foundation and the welcome trust And the alliance for accelerating excellent science in africa eisa To see what we could do in terms of shifting the center of gravity From where support has been For health care and for research in biomedicine, which has largely been a colonial model And not a necessarily one that's sustainable or good for the recipients We need to go from sort of a donor model to an owner model Where the countries that have the most to gain By this kind of advance wrap their arms around it with help from all of the other Countries like the us that have the opportunity to do so But it becomes much more driven internally by the opportunities by the needs So the research needs to be in the areas that are most needed in that environment Which might not be what you and boston had come up with in terms of what we think those folks need So yeah, we have to take the same conversation we're having about evidence building And generalize that because what we learn in the us about the right evidence for maintaining health Maybe utterly irrelevant for somebody who is lacking a lot of the connections But has a cell phone that is underutilized in the us and could be incredibly valuable In a setting that allows leapfrogging over all the mistakes that we made and created their own new way of approaching health To give an example If a billion people in the world have hypertension And and only 14 of them have an under have it under control We have the biggest killer in the world heart disease not being addressed Why we have to wait for that solution for how to close that gap To come out of a handful of research universities in the united states and in europe is is a is bizarre because There is no reason that that innovation cannot crop up anywhere in the world You take a group of 10,000 people You recognize they're not being taken care of appropriately and you create ways to capture that information To to try out different kinds of ways of Closing that gap give them the right treatments which are cheap And then see why why are we only getting to 40 percent? How can we get to 60 percent? How can we get to 80 percent? There's one state that's done in minnesota that went that was able to do that kind of work Take the the treated population people with uncontrolled blood pressure from less than half to 75 percent And they became the first state where cardiovascular disease is no longer the number one killer And that's possible in many places in the world So you sound like an optimist that And that's good because that's not the mood these days here at the world economic forum Yeah, we're trying to change that Because there are certainly people not so optimistic who say we're just on the wrong path with health care It's absolutely wrecking our economy because we spent so much on it in the us What is it now 18 percent of our gdp? And yet we can all document that we don't get that great health care for it Do you see this path actually realistically taking place over the course of the next while where we do Transform a health care system in the us and developed countries in the rest of the world based on evidence Are we really going to make this happen or is this going to be a davos talk fest? Yes? I think it is it is happening. It's not clear that the us is going to lead the way And and I think it's you know on the us side. It's up to having Policy makers work together to make sure we continue to contribute But we've got a project for example with the country of estonia and the world bank Where at ariani labs, we're working around primary health care We've defined five populations who are the highest risk population for poor Outcomes of care for example people with heart disease alcoholism And um one hospitalization So this is a group who have some of the highest cost people for the country And they're they usually have jobs and then are at risk if they go on to the second hospitalization or third hospitalization They're out of the workforce. They are Sick, they're often at risk of becoming homeless or becoming purely managed by state costs And they are suffering designing This is a country that has 90 of the of their population already in their data They have the electronic health records to be able to define that population And then recognize that they have gaps in their care No one addressed their blood pressure. No one addressed their diabetes and then they are the the experiment is arm the Primary care clinicians with a community health worker They've paid for a nurse or an equivalent to be alongside their clinic And for people who are in these five categories amounts about five percent of a population of a given clinic that that Community health worker focuses on their care with data to track how well they're doing We're not we're not doing that at at statewide or national scale In a country like the u.s. But there are other places that are beginning to make this happen And that sense of competition among countries around the world innovating in systems innovation I just the last century Laboratory science was the single most important way. We were going to change health outcomes for people new discovery of new treatments today deaths under 75 Even in the richest countries in the world in europe and u.s A third of those people die from diseases where we already have the treatments and they're receiving incomplete and inappropriate care Even though they're inside the system Another half its social determinants of health and it's only a fraction that's lack of discovery So how we drive system innovation the science of systems is what will transform Outcomes in the next century. I'm convinced this is the new science of how you put data to derivative data together And create data-driven healthcare Well tool. I totally agree with you. That's a fantastic opportunity and it is of course A cause for optimism because this is something we can do. It doesn't require a miracle It requires a lot of involvement by all of the participants in the healthcare system Getting away from the paternalistic model towards we all own this and we deserve to have it work better than it does now And we could save a lot of lives and probably save a lot of money You all please join me in thanking dr. Atul go on


Hi, I'm Jeremy. I'm going to show you the easiest way to back up all of your photos from your iPad or your Android phone Or any other device straight into your Google Plus account. If you do all the settings the right way It's free unlimited storage and very easy First thing you want to do is download the Google Plus app onto your phone or your iPad And I'm going to be using my iPad here. So if you go to the Google Plus icon Tap it and you'll want to go to the little three bar settings So you get to your account information and go to the gear for your settings You are going to turn on something called camera and photo uploads. So your auto backup Find what says auto backup tap on it You'll want to enable auto backup and here's the trick if you want free unlimited And you don't really care about those file sizes because to be honest You can hardly tell the difference Make sure where it says full-size backups that you want it off If you leave full-size backups on Still use up all of your Google storage and you're allowed usually about 15 gigabytes and the more pictures you use You'll be surprised at how quickly you'll fill it up.  Hope it helps start taking pictures


I see our Chief Miller here from Coast Guard Station right to a beach. I got my good buddy Sharky from the Wilmington Sharks baseball team with me today, and we're going to talk to you about some boating safety practices. What do you think, Sharky? Can we teach these people some thing or two today? Let's do it. All right, so the first of our safe boating practices is going to be talking about life jackets. A few things can be more important on the water. You see Sharky's wearing a life jacket right now, but if you notice, see how much it moves up, push them in the mouth? This is way too big. Sharky, if he falls into the water, he's going to slide right out of that thing and be lost to the world, and that would be a tragedy. So what we want to do is we want to get one that's snug, but still comfortable. Now you can see with this one, Sharky's still able to move around. He's comfortable, and he's not going to slide out of it when he falls in the water. Sizing of life jackets is very important, especially when you start talking about kids. If you put a small child in this life jacket, it's not going to do any good. You got to make sure you get one that's the right size for that child's weight and height. There are other life jackets we can use as well. This one here is intended primarily for kayaking, but it can work on a boat as well. You see the small straps on top make it very comfortable for moving a paddle, cast a fishing pole, or whatever you might be doing. This is one of my favorites. This is an inflatable type life jacket. Very small, takes up very little room, doesn't inflate until you go in the water. This one's activated by the water itself, so it automatically inflates. Great for on a boat, not so great if you're on a stand up paddle board or a personal watercraft where you're getting wet all the time. They do make these that are manually inflatable that only activate when you pull on that little tab. Those are really great for stand up paddle boards because you only inflate it when you know you need it. Another really important piece of equipment in the same realm as the life jackets is the throwable type personal flotation device. Commonly known as a boat cushion. Sharky can take that, and if someone on his boat falls in the water, he can toss it to him almost like a frisbee and they'll be able to grab onto that and have flotation until the boat can get back and pick him up. That was a perfect throw, Sharky. Look at that.


Okay, so I'm Jason, and I've been working as a wicamegian with the National Library of Wales for nearly three years now. For the first sort of two and a half years, that was as a wicamegian in residence, and then in the last few months they've appointed me as a permanent wicamegian, and my job title is now National Wicamegian. Thank you. Yeah, so initially my role was all about sharing images, encouraging people through events and workshops to contribute to Wikipedia in Welsh and in English. No one really told me from the start about wiki data, so I had no idea what it was or what it was for. I feel now like I've got a better grasp about what it is. I still really have no idea what it's for, and I think that's part of what attracted me to wiki data, is that for some people it's about structuring data, authority control, connecting different data sets together. For others it's simply an open repository, a way of sharing their data with a wider audience. So the potential reuses for wiki data are really endless, and I think that's what makes it so special. For me and for the National Library of Wales, wiki data currently is really for improving access to our data, for enriching our user experience, for collection discovery, and for connecting our data with the wider semantic web. After a few months of our residency I started hearing whispers about this wiki data thing and decided I needed to learn more. Then I went to a wiki data workshop in London, and I met some wiki data people for the first time, including Naveeno Evans, who's one of the co-founders of Hystropedia. Following the conversations that we had, I went back to Wales, generally excited and I said to managers, we need to start doing wiki data without really knowing what we were going to do. So since then we started embarking on these projects to share samples of our data with wiki data and then looking at what we could do with that, what were the advantages for the institution for doing that. So this talk really is about showing you some of the things that we've done with wiki data in a bid really to show you why Glam and wiki data are such a good fit. So before we even started contributing to wiki data we'd been sharing a lot of images openly with wiki commons. The reason I mention that is because I think it's important in order for Glam's to get the most out of wiki data that you have images that can be used to illustrate the data that you're describing, particularly if you're describing images. Incidentally releasing images or media openly with wiki commons is well proven to generate high impact. So we've had over 300 million views of our images through that impact, through sharing them in Wikipedia articles and that can be really handy when trying to get managers to sign off on more interesting things like wiki data. So obviously images aren't always going to be relevant depending on the type of data that you're putting into wiki data but in terms of visualising and encouraging creative reuse of data we found that having media attached can be very useful. And we actually believe that the National Library of Wales has more wiki data items about artworks with connected open images than any other institution in the world and that's something that we're quite proud of and we're hoping to build on this. We've got about 5,000 images in a Welsh Portrait Archive that we're hoping to share in the next few months and again we're looking to sort of put that into wiki commons and wiki data is a matter of course. So really the National Library of Wales has adopted this policy that anything that's in the public domain images we want to share the information as widely as possible. Commons allows us to do that with the images, wiki data is perfect for actually doing that with the data as well and that just sort of breaks down barriers for reuse and encourages more people to actually use that content. So the fun fact here, wiki data has got 23 items for artworks with images attached that depict the Coliseum which struck me as not many so I looked up something in Wales. Conwy Castle in North Wales has 160-8 items with the same criteria on wiki data. But to be fair to the Coliseum this is the second biggest castle in the whole of Wales so you know. So I suppose the next question is okay that's an interesting fact but why? What's the point in sharing all this data and what does the institution gain? So of course that's probably what your boss is going to ask as well when you say let's share all our data with wiki data. So for me the answer is simple it's really about giving added value to the collections and your open content. And if you're ever trying to convince Glam's to collaborate with wiki data or another wikimedia project it's always better to show them the benefits, to show them what they will gain because they're far more receptive to that generally than telling them it'll benefit open knowledge in general and open access. So in the case of the National Library there were some really obvious benefits and I'm going to show you some of those now. So if we look at our Welsh landscape collection which is one of the collections that we've released through wiki data this is how you'd have to search the collection in the National Library catalogue. It's all kind of bundled in with everything else in the collection. So in fact to actually search just within this collection you have to use an advanced search. And it's very limited in terms of what you can search for, you can search for the title, there's a few tags in the metadata that will pick out images. But you can see it displays the image sort of a window within a window which doesn't look particularly great. It's very limited metadata actually displays although there's very rich data for this collection it doesn't all fit in with our current catalogue which is like a generic library catalogue that's primarily designed for books. And there's no way that you can sort of dig deeper into this, you can't then display images, other images by the same artist or other images of the same place. So it's very limited in what it can actually do. So in order to add value to the collection we took this existing data that we've got and empowered it by converting it to wiki data. And the data that you see in this example is all data that we had it just wasn't being properly utilised. So there's currently no sort of handbook a sort of step-by-step guide on how you go about taking metadata and converting it to wiki data like this. So we kind of learnt as we went along because I'm not a wiki data expert I'm a muggle as John Cummings would say. So we sort of learnt as we went along and a lot of the praise in this case with this collection goes to our wiki data visiting scholar who we've worked with very closely and so he's a volunteer and he's done a lot of the work of actually matching up the metadata to wiki data. So what became really clear from quite early on in this process was that this was going to actually enrich our data. It was going to make it better. For example, one of the first things we discovered was that as you take place name tags from our metadata and match those with the places on wiki data, you get geolocation data which means we can display the collections on a map for the first time. And we also noticed that when you start structuring the data mistakes in the metadata become much more obvious and we can then work to fix those. So using the Sparkle query service it's possible to query the data in an endless number of ways making it very easy to uncover patterns and gather statistics from the data and then visualize them in a way that people can easily understand. So this visualisation depicts the most shows you the most depicted things within that Welsh landscape collection. So it's no surprise you've got things like ruins, mountains and rivers. It's all very Welsh. What you can't see there, there's actually 15 images that depict goats in the collection just as a random example. What's really great about this process for the National Library of Wales is that of course wiki data is multilingual. So we can describe the data in any language we like including Welsh. So here is the same query again and we've just flicked the switch to Welsh. And this stunned me the first time I saw it because I suddenly realised what we'd done because the data that we've got at the National Library for this collection is only in English. But by putting it into wiki data suddenly it's all in Welsh. We didn't translate any of these terms. This is down to volunteers over the years adding Welsh language labels to wiki data items. And virtually all the terms that we've used in this collection were already in Welsh on wiki data. There's over a million items with Welsh labels I believe. So for Glam's working in a bilingual or a multilingual environment wiki data can really help support access to data in whatever language you like. So then we looked at using third party services to see what we could do with the collection. So we used a website called Krotos to explore and filter our collections through wiki data. So the first thing you'll see with this interface is that you can visualise the data and the interface itself in dozens of different languages including Welsh. You can use the slider to search for images within a particular time frame. You can browse, you can ask it for random images from within a particular collection. And then you can click on an image, see the detailed link data for it so that you could then break the collection down and say, OK, I want to see all images by this artist or by this publisher and explore the collection in ways that you just can't on the National Library catalogue. So here we've searched for images that depict boats and you see you just get the images that depict boats. We can do the same for places. So this is Canaven Castle in North Wales. I think this is the biggest castle in Wales. And because of the quality of the data, we can even break it down and look at a particular tower, a particular part of that castle. Because of the work that the archivists did long ago, but their work was never being sort of utilised through the library catalogue. We've also, through this process, enriched the data for this collection with detailed information about the artist, the publishers, the engravers involved in the collection. And we've used third party authorities such as Veaf to do that. So we can, for example, see and break the images down based on the publications they were first published in. And then you can see here the engraver of that volume was a guy called John Boydell. If we want to know more about him, we can use the query service, various Wiki tools and we can look at his connections to other publishers and printers within the collection. So all these things that I'm showing you, they're all free tools that are available online. A lot of them are open source. They haven't cost a penny, whereas the National Library of Wales catalogue cost millions of pounds. So, if you remember that slide I showed you of the National Library of Wales catalogue, this can do so much more. So it really gives added value. And it's all down to volunteers, community engagement, and it generated a lot of community engagement. And of course, Wiki data is a platform. So for those who want to drill down into a collection or explore and analyse data, this goes way beyond what we can offer with our own website. And I don't know anyone in the glam sector in Wales, particularly budgets are falling, there's constant cuts. So I think low cost collaborative solutions to give added value within the library like this are going to become all the more important. So I've talked a bit about data for images, but Glam's, of course, could be using Wiki data to share all sorts of data, such as biographical data, or we've used it to share data about items from our archives, such as maps, in a bid to breathe new life into the data. See the link there. OK, so for example, we've got a dictionary of Welsh biography, and we've been looking at using that Wiki data for this. And what can this do for us? So here's the current dictionary of Welsh biography website. It's nice, isn't it? I'm sure you agree this would probably be better and more at home as part of the archive rather than a gateway to the archive. It's a little bit dated. So how can we add value to this kind of resource in a cost effective way? And for me, Wiki data is at least part of the solution. So again, when we went about creating Wiki data for the dictionary of Welsh biography, we engage volunteers. We initially in the mix and match process and then during the process of enriching the data. And this is actually a sort of Wiki data editathon hackathon that we did with staff at the National Library of Wales. So now that we've got data for individuals in the dictionary of Welsh biography, we can start to do cool things with it. For example, we can use this timeline to view the collection chronologically and we can filter it based on where people were born, where they died or in this case, on their occupation. And the images that you see here are some of them are images from the National Library of Wales. Some of them are images from other institutions and they're drawn in, of course, through Wikimedia Commons. So this again is giving added value to the service we provide. So this timeline is based on this trapedia and we're now looking at the National Library to collaborate with people that make this kind of software to help us make bespoke interfaces that we can integrate with our own websites to give added value to those websites. And we're pretty sure that sort of using this enriched data and working with people that are developing these kind of tools, it's going to be far more cost effective than trying to develop something that does something similar in-house. So until now, the dictionary of Welsh biography was basically tagged text files about each individual. But by turning that data into structured data, we can actually start to analyse that for the first time. So this chart gives you the life span of individuals that are covered in the dictionary of Welsh biography based on their occupation. So you probably can't see, but the lowest life expectancy is for missionaries. And the highest two are teachers and university lecturers. Interestingly, the after missionaries, the worst off are lawyers, which is an interesting one. So as we get more data in, perhaps we'll find out more if we get cause of death, for example, we might find a little more information about what happened to the lawyers. But as we improve this, we should be able to look at other things as well. It'll be really interesting to look at the dictionary of Welsh biography in geospatial terms, for example. So that's a few examples of the data that we've been sharing with Wiki data, but we've also shared other collections. We've been putting data about Victorian shipping into Wiki data, creating items about historical Welsh newspapers and journals, manuscripts and maps. And we've been collaborating with other institutions. For example, we just worked with Cadw, who were responsible for all the listed buildings in Wales. And we've got all 30,000 Welsh listed buildings now in Wiki data. So I hope I've highlighted some of the advantages of working with Wiki data to enrich and provide better access to individual data sets. But of course, the value goes way beyond that, because Wiki data is about connecting collections together. Both collections from within one institution, but also globally. The sum of all paintings project is a great example of connecting up collections from all around the world. So here's a quick example of how some of our collections have become entwined, and we found connections that we didn't know existed simply by using Wiki data. So I've taken the example of a mansion that's just a couple of miles down the road from where I live. So if we look at this on Wiki data, it's depicted in our Welsh landscape collection. It's also a grade one listed building tying into the listed buildings data that we've just released. There's also Reverend William Powell on Wiki data, who's part of the dictionary of Welsh biography and he's listed as an owner of the property. We've also got several things that are named after the mansion. So we've got a ship in the shipping records that is named after the mansion. And we've got this interesting little bowl here that's called the Nanteos Cup. And again, it's named after the mansion. It's now part of the collection at the National Library of Wales. So you can see all these different connections. And before I move on, actually, that cup is one of the few items on Wiki data that uses the instance of Holy Grail. So we've actually connected landscape prints, ships, people, and the Holy Grail. So these are things that we just had no idea that we could connect together until we started using Wiki data. So there we are. So what's next? What is next? So yeah, firstly, we want more people to be reusing this data that we've shared. We've started working with local universities to provide data to computer science students. So look, this is our Wiki data, go and do something cool with it. So we're hoping that's going to bring out some interesting results. We want to start holding hackathons and just getting as many people using our data as possible. We want to use the data, this enriched data in our own websites. For example, we're looking at bringing in the geolocation data from the Welsh Landscape Collection so that we can add those images to our Welsh Places website and view them on a map. We then want to go one step further and use Wiki data to actually power our websites so we could use the timelines, for example, or generate info boxes, or have maps that are part of our core websites, starting with a new Dictionary of Welsh Biography website that we're developing, hopefully, so that Wiki data is actually powering our services. Developing the Welsh language in a digital environment is actually a priority of the Welsh Government at the moment. So we've been working closely with them to try and get more Welsh labels into Wiki data and working with Welsh universities on machine translation technology. And that, in turn, should lead to better Wiki data integration on the Welsh Wikipedia. We saw the article Placeholder in the presentation this morning. That's something that we want to see develop on the Welsh Wikipedia. We've already got quite a lot of info boxes that are powered by Wiki data and lists and we're hoping that Wiki data will become more important, which is particularly with a small Wiki. It's a very good way of managing the accuracy of content sort of semi-automatically. So that's it, really. I hope I've sort of given you some good examples of why Wiki data and GLAM can be a really good fit. I think there's potential for us to do a lot more. So, yeah, happy birthday Wiki data and thank you for listening. Yes, no, yes. If you're interested in bringing content back into the collection from Wiki data, not just pushing it out or maybe embedding, how are you organizationally dealing with concerns about vandalism, concerns about content quality? It's no longer only our official information. These are things that GLAM and curators are naturally worried about, especially if we are live embedding information on a GLAM website from Wiki data. It introduces a new interesting vector for vandalism. It does and this is something we're only now really starting to debate seriously. One of the things that we're looking at doing is bringing data from Wiki data into our catalogue records to enrich it and give extra data. So we need to be clear whenever we do this that what you're providing is added value. It's not library data that it's very clear that it's come from an external source. But I think at the end of the day, if you get too worried about vandalism and just get too frightened off by the whole thing, it just won't happen. So, yeah. But just to add on that, I was wondering if part of the conversation could be also a technical one. So I know at Europeana because there is this concern of mixing curated data with other data. So in a way the technical means that came to our help was annotation. And so basically every time we link something to Wiki data, this is represented as an annotation on top of the curated data. So I wonder if there are other things like that that could join the discussion saying, well, there is limitation, of course, but there are also some technical means that can be used to help and also maybe leverage maybe lessen the concern of the curators, etc. I mean, it's part of a wider initiative, for example, that the National Library were developing a volunteer platform for transcribing and enriching data for our collections and that, too, we want to bring and be able to display through our catalogue. But again, that's user, that's volunteer created data. And so Wiki data that's brought back in may well sit with that kind of data as sort of added value data. It's just clearly defining the difference between the two really. Yeah, from a service point of view, I'm very much a fan of not directly linking live data to have to keep a local copy copy. So how do you think one should deal with update cycles in both directions? If you have established a connection then you would not necessarily always have human interaction, but have this automation and a refreshing process somehow automated. And I would really like to talk about this kind of tooling and connectors that we need between Wiki data and Europeana, for instance. Yeah, I mean, I think we definitely need these tools. I'm not a particularly technically minded person, so I wouldn't. I don't really know how you'd go about doing that, but it's definitely something that you need. And I think it would be really interesting to have more tools from the Wiki data and to be able to monitor items and check them against your data. And I think the thing that was mentioned this morning about institutions being able to sign off on statements that have come from their records in Wiki data, that kind of thing would be really useful in trying to make the items as accurate as possible and monitor them. Hi, Sean Angon. Thanks a lot for your contribution on Wiki data. We really enjoyed to see and to discover so many things about Welsh. It's really great. And one key point of your contribution is the high quality of metadata, which is very, very good, especially for depict, as you explain it. And we have many, many depict on the artworks. And I wanted to know how did you produce them? Did you make matching before or along the way of the contribution? So I would like to know how do you do that? Okay, so with the bigger collections, like the Welsh landscape collection, the images had been tagged at the cataloging sort of archiving process with tags describing what appeared in the images. And so we literally just converted those and mapped them to properties on Wiki data. With some of the smaller collections we've worked on and we've run some volunteer projects where we will manually collect that data and add it during the process of preparing all the data and getting it into Wiki data. But I think it's really important if you're going to put artworks into Wiki data that they're well described. I just think the possibilities in terms of reuse are so much greater if you do that and it's worth investing the time to do it. Go for it. Again, if there's no one else, what is the difference between or can you explain the role of national Wikimedian in the sense of you're working with an individual institution. Do they mind if you are doing projects that don't have a direct relationship to that institution's collection? No, they don't particularly. That's rare and exciting. That's usually a problem of Wikipedians in residence if they find someone wants to do something really cool but it doesn't have a direct benefit for the institution. The way that we've tried to set it up and frame it and make it look attractive to the National Library is that they're establishing themselves as an umbrella organisation that can help other organisations in Wales to share their content openly, to understand open licensing and link data and all these kinds of things which puts the library in a stronger position in terms of funding, for example. Also a lot of the work that I do that isn't directly related to the library are funded or at least part funded from external grants and that brings more money into the library and it creates partnerships through working with getting the listed buildings data. We've created a partnership there and a two-way conversation with an institution that we didn't have much contact with otherwise so it helps the library build up those networks. Thank you. No last question. Thank you.


Turkish-made drones disappeared from Ukrainian skies. Turkish Bayraktar UAVs were touted as wonder weapons with officials in Kiev claiming they would give them an edge against Russia, but a year later a few remaining units are used far from the battlefield and for reconnaissance rather than attack missions, a Pentagon-linked think tank analyst told Business Insider. Ukraine purchased dozens of Bayraktar TB2 strike drones and used them to strike Donbas even before the conflict with Russia began last February. Kiev also claims to have received an unspecified number of additional drones during the past year despite Turkey's official neutrality in the first months of the conflict. Kiev routinely claimed successful strikes using TB2s but by July the Bayraktars became almost useless and Kiev reserved them for rare special operations. Ukrainian pilots told foreign policy at the time. As of now, the Ukrainian fleet of once-priced drones have almost entirely been shot down. Business Insider wrote, citing an expert in unmanned and robotic military systems at the Center for Naval Analysis, Samuel Bendett, as a relatively slow and low-flying UAV. It can become a target for a range of air defense systems that are well-organized, Bendett said, adding that once the Russian military got its act together, it was able to down many TB2s.


Folks, we're here in Las Vegas. I am, well, we'll get to that at a later point. I'm outside of the Red Team Village. Allegedly, I'm not allowed inside, but I'm a penetration tester and I'm going to a penetration test my way into seeing what's inside this village for your viewing pleasure. Let's take a look, shall we? Red Team Village with Caveman and the OG Tampa Zone Lies Slayer. We're here doing work. We're putting it on and we're going to cut to it right now. I want to ask both of you before we get down to any business here, what's changed from last year's amazing, outstanding lines out the door Red Team Village to this year? I would say the biggest thing that's changed since last year is that now we're going to have a workshop sign up and that workshop sign up, you're going to get a coin for whatever workshop you were trying to go to and that coin will be distributed at 9 30 a.m. each morning, Friday, Saturday, and Sunday, so you want to make sure that you are kind of coming here in the morning to get your workshop coin, and then if you are not here five minutes before the workshop starts, we are also going to have another line that will be a waitlist for each of the workshops, so those workshops that will be kind of divvied out throughout this area that we're in right now, so make sure you're here on time. If not, someone else is probably going to get your spot, so make sure you're here on time. The workshops are various subjects and relating to Active Directory, Web Application Hacking, Artificial Intelligence, and various other subjects that we'd love to see you guys kind of join. Now that you all know, you no longer have to fist fight other people to get into the door of the Red Team Village, so Mr. Caveman, I'm going to ask you, what goes into planning a Red Team Village? How long have you been with the Village? I've been actually with the core team of Village for a little over a year now. This is a year-long event plan. I mean, we're going to end up here, we'll take a couple weeks off and it starts for next year. That's it. There is no delay. It takes a long time to put all this together. Sometimes, I mean, some of these things are six, 12 months in the planning. I mean, there's our badge for this year. It takes a lot to put this on. And one thing I do want to mention that has changed for anyone who was here last year, pan around four times the space, baby. Four times the space. There's no more cramming it in. Hopefully we got a lot more room for a lot more people. The workstations have twice as many seats as they did last year. And so we hope to see y'all here.


What's up everybody? Jason here from Jaxby's casebakes.com. We're giving away the last 10 spots in Cup Hockey Random teams break with 2019-20 upper deck a lower hockey One pack break random teams number 12 and again the way this works guys is first We'll randomize the customer names and teams to shoot me the hits album We're no better in commons will ship and at the end of the break we'll randomize the customer names again And then top 10 out of the 31 will win a spot in the break itself coming up next Roll it. It's a six and a two eight times One two three four five six seven eight Mark L down to Jason. All right eight times one two three four five six seven and eight Goal in ninth down to the Philadelphia Flyers All right, just a quick glance at what you got boom And try one of those guys the brain cap Jimmy Schultz Connola and a Colton perico Little green green quartz tonight and I'm and a brass voice green quartz tonight and I'm Bishop and Kamatkinson Yes, sir Vincent it's already on the break schedule. It's not gonna be till about 930, but It's on there already. All right, and now let's see who's gonna get spots in Cup Hockey now Let's roll it again And it's a two and a five this time seven times Good luck One two three four five six and seven seven times Mark Mike G. William Nicholas L. William Shawn Jason Chad Edwin and Anthony. Oh last spot mojo Squeezing in a number 10. So there you go guys coming up next is Cup Hockey


The Federal Executive Council FEC has approved the 2022 Appropriation Bill for an aggregate expenditure of $16.39 trillion for presentation to the National Assembly by President Mohammad Abu Hari on Thursday. The Minister of Finance, Budget and National Planning Dr. Zainab Ahmed made this known when she briefed State House correspondents on the outcome of the Council meeting in Abuja. According to her, government will continue to borrow to fund infrastructure projects as it does not get enough from its revenues. She noted that Nigeria's revenues could barely accommodate services even as she emphasized that despite the concerns, its borrowings were still within acceptable limits.


Hello everyone this is financial author Amit Dan of amitdan.com. On this channel you'll find financial travel and more videos just like the one you're watching right now. If you like what you see please give it a thumbs up and consider subscribing. Hello everyone this is Amit Dan of amitdan.com. Today I'll have another unboxing video and I'll be presenting the Solo 15.6 inch laptop hybrid briefcase. So this is a hybrid laptop case or backpack which converts from converts to backpack from briefcase. And I'll be carrying this with my on my trip which is coming up in just three days. So I'll be leaving for Asia on Sunday and I'll have several travel videos. So if you haven't subscribed already it is time to subscribe now and I'll bring videos such as business class Kevin reviews food reviews business class lounge reviews street food from various places in Bangladesh and India. So this briefcase or laptop case will accompany me on my flight and I'll use this as a personal item because when you are traveling and you are flying you're allowed to have one carry-on and one personal item. So this should easily go as a personal item and I'll put my laptop in here. So let's start opening up and see what's this all about. Okay so this is a gray color which is right here. Let me see if I can just open it this way. The package is just simple packaging wrapped up with a plastic cover. So let's take this off and I'll set this aside. Okay so this is what it looks like. It's 15.6 inch and the material looks like some sort of polyester fiber or something or could be even nylon fiber with polyester something like that. And look here. So here is the backpack shoulder strap. So these two would be used when you're using them as a backpack and let's say if you don't want to use them as a backpack then you can just pull it out of here. So you can just unclip this from here and then you can just put it inside here and then you can just zip close the zipper and then it will just work as a briefcase. Okay so let me just take this out here and I'll put it back and let's take a look how room it is. So I'll open this up here. Okay so it's hard to see inside due to a cloudy day today so what I'll do let me get my flashlight and that way you'll be able to see. Okay so so how here is how it looks inside. So fairly good amount of space for laptop and here's padded section and looks like actually here you can even put in tablet or another laptop. So by the way it looks I believe you can carry even two laptops and this can be used as a middle divider and I'll open up these pockets and let's take a look here.  It should fit very well and if you look here then there's space for handy small items. For example this flashlight which I'm holding right now and then here there's another actually I showed that to you already and let's open this up here. So here I see another pocket and it's a roomier space for something else. Let me just take a look here you can put your for example power bank or cell phone or it could be a paperback book should fit as well or looks like a tablet should fit in here as well. It comes with pockets and everything I think that's it. There's no pocket on this side and there's nothing else here so okay so looks like that's all we have here. Okay so let me just turn off my flashlight. So the designing is very simple it's nothing complicated and the fabric ways are the material of the product it's not too fancy not too cheap. I would say it's somewhere in the middle so in terms of how many how long it's gonna last I would say probably not too many years but it should last a few years. It's very lightweight so it should easily it shouldn't feel too much owing down when you're putting something in here so what I'll do let me just try to insert my laptop which is 13.3 inch laptop with a protective sleeve so I have this ASUS laptop and I'll just put it in here. Okay I think I need my flashlight again so it easily fits in here on this side and even there's much more room for other stuff and let's say if you want to put this on the other side of the divider then you have to take it out and you can just put it in here. So as I told you you can easily fit in two laptops in here and even there's a room for another tablet so it's a very roomy in terms of room there shouldn't be a problem and it doesn't look like it's waterproof but it should be splash proof because of the material so a little bit of splash or rain should be okay but if you stay in rain too long or if it's you know too heavy rain or too much water then definitely I wouldn't rely on that to be a hundred percent waterproof and let me just take a look here if I can see anything else I can mention here okay so briefcase transforms into backpack and it doesn't say or mention anything about the material or anything okay so I'll wrap up this unboxing video and that is all for now if you like what you see please give it a thumbs up and consider subscribing and I'll see you shortly thank you


Welcome back to the School of Classics with Tim and Jaco and today we are looking at why your pull-ups aren't good enough for muscle-ups. Sometimes we find that people are absolutely bashing out pull-ups but they just can't seem to get above a bar and they're like, I can do 20 pull-ups, why can't I do a muscle-up? Well, the problem is your pull-ups aren't specific enough. The muscle-up is a power-based movement and when you want to train capacity to get the strength to get those first few reps in the bank, you need to take a slightly different approach. In today's video, we're going to show you exactly what that is. Check it out. This one requires a little bit of a background and explanation because we're going to call it pull-ups for muscle-ups and the reason for that is if you're just doing normal pull-ups, you're just pulling up and just nudging your chin over the bar wondering why for some reason you still can't do a muscle-up even though you can do 20 of those in one go. It's because we need to start to train a little bit more specificity for our pulling patterns for our muscle-ups. Now we've given you lots of applied strength exercises which are a lot like the muscle-up and developing that specific strength but this one is going to fit into capacity strength program. If you want to just boost some basic pulling strength but you want that to continue or transfer over into your muscle-up training, this is how you need to do your pull-ups. So Tim is going to start a couple of things that are going to be different. It is starting from a completely dead hanged position so being really strict on that so completely shoulders by ears and then he's got to go into an active position before he starts pulling but he's getting used to being in that dead position. The other thing is you'll notice that pause at the top so that's the difference between him just saying chin above the bar and come back down to get above the bar as high as you can and then also that isometric hold at the top is a little bit starting to think about that transition between pulling and then pushing so he's almost thinking about trying to push down on the bar when you're at the top there to keep you a little bit higher build up some of that isometric strength in that top position to give you a little bit of room for manoeuvre in when you want to enter that transition and nearly it's just teaching us a little bit of like pull-up doesn't end up where the chin is and we're thinking about pulling and then getting in towards a push so it's the quality of something like the ones before compared to just nudging the chin above the bar you can see the difference 10 of those compared to 10 of the first one that's where the difference is going to come be and so rather than it being a game the muscle up being a game of like how many numbers of how many pull-ups you can do it becomes a game of quality and how fast and how high you can pull. We hope that's helped you with your muscle up goals and giving you some ideas of things that you can work on to help you with those muscle ups please like this and share it with any friends that are also working on their muscle ups and then if you've got any other sticking points or problems with those muscle ups that you want to help with let us know in the comments. And if you want to take a bit of a deeper dive into your muscle up training we've got a completely revamped and enhanced course for both the ring and bar muscle up in our online training platform our virtual classroom fully backed by training science and years of strengthening conditioning coaches working with loads of people to teach them to successfully get above the bar or above the rings and we would love it if you go and check it out. Class dismissed.