Thank you. Thank you very much. Sorry for the strange first slide, but you will understand in one second why I Did it that way. So first I'm realizing that I'm the only thing standing between you and lunch and So I promise not to be too long Second I noticed in the program that it says that the organizers plans the seminar talks to be mostly Educational and so I decided to try to do a talk following these guidelines I hope it was not just said to get funding. No, sorry and So I might bore some of the experts in the audience, but I hope that they will also find something So first I would like before I start to thank the organizers for having me It's a tremendous pleasure to be at this conference in honor of Boris Boris birthday, but also the physics that Boris has as spanned around him in in in these 36 years about Physics and I must say this is both a fantastic conference. The program is extraordinary But the atmosphere is is also extraordinary and and this reflects the personality of Boris There are many things I like in Boris one of things which appeals to my mediator in the heart Is the fact that he speaks with his hands and I have proof because I try to capture him at the school in Trieste and you cannot You know get a clean picture of the hens Boris has this talent to explain in simple terms the things he can do with a tremendously high skill The second thing that I like about Boris And maybe this also reflects on my Spherical parameter is the fact that he enjoys good things in life And I think this was already said by Leonid and this is not something that is Recent here are more ancient photographs where you see Boris deep in discussion with a gentleman Whose face is for the moment hidden But I'm sure most of you have recognized him is the responsible for the very nice drawing That we have on the image. It's Alex say it's very another proud member of the 60 plus club Who actually celebrated also in Trieste last year and you can see that not only enjoys good friend and good Conversation, but he goes for the really important things in life the cheese and Good food good wine. These are all centers. So this is really a pleasure to be here and discuss The physics of disordered systems in which of course Boris is is a pivotal figure So I will discuss mostly the 1d quantum systems because these are the ones I know best so my talk goes in continuation of the one you heard by Jora this morning and I will present various Experimental realizations of this system and also some of the theory There are many theories that contributed in some part of the of my own understanding of this ordered system, of course most and foremost was I choose my Former PhD advisor would fortunately passed away, but there are all this more recent collaborators and of course we had the chance to have fantastic collaborations with experimental group and I will show their names and picture a Little bit later in the in the talk. So in this audience I don't think I need to spend much time to remind what Anderson localization is is the fact that when you get waves in a random Potential well, they get localized. So everything decreases Exponentially and it works for anything like sounds electrons and so on and it has now even its own website It's it's more than 50 years ago that this has been proven to be a fantastically Powerful theory and of course things get complicated when you start putting interaction now Normally we sweep the interaction under the rug for fermion because we use lambda of Fermi liquid theory to say that the only Effect of the interaction is kind of renormalized the mass of the particle and then we are back to square one and of course this is not the whole story and the story is much more complicated and There are many similar Contributions that showed that this is much more complicated and of course it starts with Al-Shular Aronoff Where they showed that the interplay of disorder and interactions the disorder gets modified by the interaction the interaction get modified by the disorder and so the Fermi liquid IDs only Carrying you so far. I will not discuss the case of fermions, but I will concentrate On which there are many questions, but I will concentrate on the case of bosons because this is where the competition is the fiercest Normal bosons if I can say if you put them somewhere they usually turn to be superfluid, so they should resist to disorder Non-interacting particles should be localized So how is the fight between the two and you immediately realize when you do this I will not Spend too much time on the argument that the case of free bosons is totally pathological if you take free bosons They just fall into the deepest well of the potential and there is always one well which makes them happy But if one bosons goes there then 10 to the 23 bosons goes there So you get a state where you get a macroscopic number of bosons in a finite region of space So as soon as you put interaction, it's a bomb It explodes and throw bosons all over the place so that you recover density So for bosons you should include interaction from the start if you want to have a non-pathological Thermodynamic limit and of course this is complicated You heard this morning in juror's talk about finite temperature properties here I'm going back to ground state sort of thermodynamic property assuming that the system has reached some Thermal equilibrium and this is a problem that was attacked and solved now some time ago and the Consequence of the competition between interaction and disorder is the fact that there is a localized phase of bosons that arise So non-interacting bosons are always localized pathologically as I was saying But if you put interaction you find that the superfluid exists in a re-entrant region here, so Surrounded by some localized phase which has been nicknamed the boss glass So you get a very strange effect of interactions Which if you put interactions you start by delocalizing the bosons you make them more Superfluid but if you push too strongly on the interaction level then on the contrary you make them more localized And you get this re-entrant superfluid phase. So this was fun predictions and of course it has started a certain number of Theoretical and experimental activity to try to Probe it so if I want to make a very fast summary of what are the various phases that you can have for bosons On the lattice if you're not on the lattice you forget the first one The the first one is the so-called mot insulator where you get one boson per site and they repel So if you try to add one boson you get incompressible An incompressible fluid you cannot add one boson without paying an energy cost and of course it's an insulator Sorry for this strange should be the modulus of the function anyway So the there is no superfluid order. This should be the average of the order parameter Now the second possible phase is a superfluid which I don't know how to draw But this is a superfluid. So a superfluid is compressible. You cannot particle at let's say zero energy cost in the thermodynamic limit and You you get this time a non-zero average value of the single particle operator If you're above one dimension if you're in one dimension then these decays as a power low You get quasi long range order and finally you get the both glass where again, I don't know how to draw the interacting System, but which sort of is a mixture between the two possibilities. It's compressible You can find place to add particles But on the other end the order parameter is still zero or the correlation function decays Exponentially in order to make the connection with what Jorah was telling this morning And what is known as many body localization after the works of the new basco Igor a liner and Boris is the fact that here I'm discussing Equilibrium and I will mostly discuss t equals zero and will not worry about what happens at finite temperature At least for the moment. Okay, so How to find or how to identify this phase is of course a certain Present already a certain challenge. There are many The numerical work that we're done I just show one by using the MRG showing the re-entrance of the superfluid phase and Also showing how the mot insulator phase sort of pollutes the phase diagram This is for hub and model of bosons on a 1d lattice But you see clearly that there is the superfluid surrounded by this localized both glass face now as a Theorist there are you could say fine. This is something which is now very old What are the open theoretical questions that we have? I will try to go a little bit fast on the theoretical questions because I would rather discuss the recent Experimental findings, but there is there has been very recently a debate on whether there is a universal exponent of the transition one of the predictions that was made in the original Studies was that exactly at this point on this line, sorry not at this point But on this line the exponent controlling the decay of the correlation function should be a universal number and This stem from a control renormalization group calculation So it sounded as a robust Question, but there were more recent works by you the Altman Gil Raphael and collaborators, which did a Study that I will discuss in a second and which found a different result if you want to have a nice account of various Current questions on a disordered system. I recommend this Volume of the contendue de la catabes des sciences so-called class, which is not sounding nice even in English But which is a nice compilation of various articles on disorder including an article by Ioud Altman On the subject, okay So the idea is the following when you solve this problem You use a technique which is known as bosonization Which is very convenient because it allows you to get rid of the interaction, but this technique is not guaranteed Let's say above a certain line here in the interaction disorder phase diagram So now the question is what happens here? Let's say what happens in the strong disorder weak interaction limit And this is exactly where Ioud and collaborators studied the problem Using a real space renormalization group technique and in this region. They found non universal exponents at the transition So the question is how to reconcile the two results? I think this is still something which is ongoing. There has been several works by Ioud and collaborator by Prokofiev, Spistunov and Lodepole in particular We did some work with Zoran, Risti Wojewicz and Aleksandr Hapetkovich on the subject for first to guarantee that the exponents here are indeed Universal that it was not an artifact of the RG group that we were using and so the question is is there There seem to be a critical point somewhere along this dome which separates two regimes So then there are obviously Questions that need to be addressed. What are the consequence for the both glass phases or both glass phase? Which is surrounding the home the dome and so on and so forth Okay, so there are many other questions that remains to play with this Question we analyzed recently a model a little model that I like which is a model made of ladders But where essentially each rang of the ladder is considered as a single site In a way it allows to introduce more particle per site than a normal 1d systems because you see that now in a way you can put Zero one boson here, but you can also put zero one boson here So at the end you have now the possibility to make more density fluctuations that you would do in a simple model Of course, it's not like having a single chain of bosons with more density fluctuations because these two Chains are distinguishable by their chain index So the operators are not really Bosonic operator between the two chains But nevertheless, it's an interesting model. Okay, the second question that one can ask is What about other forms of disorder? You heard in the talk of a Jorah this morning about Bipariotic lattices and one of the interesting question is whether these Bipariotic lattices where you put two cosine for example, which are incommensurate between themselves can be viewed as Similar to a random potential Let's say this one creates a lattice and the other one is like a random potential in the lattice Created by the first or whether they have very different properties. So for non-interacting system This is something very well understood This is called the Aubry-André model and Jorah discussed it and it has a localization transition The difference between disorder and this type of system is that you need a threshold of Disorder to get the transition but except for that it's very similar and One can wonder whether in the presence of interaction one has properties which are similar as true disorder Actually, it's a problem that one can study by the same or an extension of the renormalization group That was used by true disorder. It has very interesting Consequence something we did with Dominique Moana and Julien Vidal not Julien Vidal, sorry not Geoffrey Vidal That's nothing to do with the Vidal of quantum information and the answer is one finds a phase diagram and Properties which are very similar to the one of true disorder for so let me say that way for all practical Purposes by periodic systems are very very similar to truly disordered system There are differences as I said the transition does not occur for infinitesimal disorder as it would for true disorder But except for that you get the super free phase and you get the more insulator phase and you get a boss glass phase where All wave functions are localized exponentially Okay, and finally the last question But on which I will not have to say anything is I just use these acronyms to try to Distinguish in the mind of people the two concept But of course the interesting question is to connect them is what is the connection if any Between the localization of what I would call interacting particle Which means I study a problem in equilibrium Where the system has relaxed in present of a thermostat and the many body localization problem Where at least in the form it has evolved after the original works Was to say let me study a problem at finite energy and see if there is a localization in folk space of this problem Okay now let me go back to experiment and try a little bit to Discuss what has been done to try to hunt for this boss glass phase and this disordered Bosonic phase so of course there was a first generation of experiments But if you think about it, it's not so easy to find Bosons in condensed matter context the only bosons you have are essentially helium four or Cooper pairs and Besides that actually it's not true I will show you bosons in condensed matter context a little bit later, but essentially people tried Josephson junction arrays They of course are aware fantastic experiments in disordered superconducting films in Various groups, and I'm sure iron capital Nick will probably talk much more about this and finally helium in porous media was also used but none of this realization was very Each one at its own drawback. Okay, maybe this was definitely the most advanced But certainly for one dimensional system one was extremely poor in Realizations Fortunately the situation has changed radically because now we have absolutely in the last let's say 15 years or so We have absolutely new remarkable systems. The first and foremost is provided by cold atoms in cold atoms It's very easy using counter propagating lasers to put a lattice and then realize 1d tubes In which you can put as your I explained disorder by either a speckle or by putting a second lattice which is making a bichromatic Potential There are new superconductors that appear which are kind of Atomically flat because they are realized at the interface between two oxides and one can imagine patterning this 2d superconductors Either by gating or by other techniques They were writing techniques for example in the group of Jeremy Levy in Pittsburgh to realize one dimensional structures on which one can study this Transition and I would like to spend a part sizable part of the talk to discuss something Which seems to have nothing to do with bosons, but actually is a fantastic realization of potentially disordered bosons Which is provided by spins and dimers Okay, so I will perhaps concentrate mostly on this one But let me first comment and discuss some recent experiment that was done in cold atomic systems So the advantage of cold atoms is of course that you have potentially control of the interactions as you want and control on the disorder and I'll show you a recent experiment that was done by the Florence group Jora again mentioned it in his talk Using quasi periodic system. So using this double periodicity, so this was the experiment done in the group of Giovanni Modugno and Massimo in Goucho and you have the other culprit which are written here and on the theory side We helped a little bit with the experiment and the lion's share of the work was done by Guillaume Roux at the LPTMS in Orsay, so what is the idea you you realize tubes of of bosons of potassium atom bosons You put them in this incommensurate Potential and you have a fantastic trick that I don't want to discuss which is called a fresh bar resonance Which allows you by turning a button to vary the strength of the interaction at will and now the problem Is that you have to decide whether you get super free particles or super free tubes or you get both glass or you get something else And that's where things become a little bit more difficult. So what was done? What was done was to measure the momentum distribution done by technical time of light and compare with what we can compute using the Latinx and liquid theory the theory of 1d interacting particle in their low energy Sector and also the mrg calculations which at the time were done at zero temperature now There are some new calculations done by Guillaume Roux and Thomas Bartel at finite temperature But at the time this was done at zero temperature and so we had to put the temperature and we know analytically very well how to put back the temperature and In 1d you sort of have an exponential decay with a thermal length And so we could introduce the temperature in this way. So the blue line would be the zero temperature Result of the corresponding parameters one knows very well the parameters of course in a cold atom experiment and the Red line is the same system with the exponential decay coming from the thermal length and the Dark line is the experimental system. So you see that there is good agreement And we can extract from the experiment the thermal length that we need to fit Profiles. So here is the phase diagram. This is disorder. This is interaction repulsion The bluer you have the the the color the more narrow is the end of case So you can expect that the super free region is somewhere there and This region you don't know if it's conducting or insulating But you know that it's certainly not very super free the the end of case extremely broad And so at least it seems reminiscent of the phase diagram that you So before actually one can make fits of the profile I don't want to discuss them in the in the various region and they can be fitted indeed with a single thermal length Except in the mod phase. I don't want to discuss this Which at least gives credence to the analysis. This would be the phase diagram the theoretical phase diagram at t equals zero This is the experimental So it signals the loss of coherence and of course there are complications. There are complications that make Analysis theoretical analysis a little bit more subtle. The first one is that these bosons are in a trap They are in a bowl Chemical potential which grows as R square from the origin of the trap So as a result the density of bosons is not homogeneous and you see very clearly that there are plateaus Where the density of bosons is commensurate? So there they are in the mod phase and there are regions This is without disorder and there are regions where the density of bosons is incommensurate so of course making an analysis and comparing with at least Predictions which were intended for an homogeneous system is difficult Of course in the numerics we can put the trap and take it into account But it makes the bare analysis of the data a little bit more subtle Okay, how do you know if it's an insulator or if it's a Let's say super free.  Or you measure the momentum of the bosons after the expansion and what you see very clearly here are cuts Which are done through the phase diagram you see very clearly that above a certain interaction then the thing drops completely which means that this is Moving this is not moving this at least moves much less Here if you go to the red slice you see that it's not moving very much Then it starts moving and then it stops moving a little bit again at large repulsion and Again, so it gives credence to the fact that this is indeed at least a mobile phase Superfrid is too strong, but the coherence Peaks goes well with the superfrid and that this phase here is an insulating But there is one last piece which is missing is that here one is polluted by the existence of the mod phase the Commentary mod phase so we would like to know at least if around here we get some evidence of the Bose glass and Without going too much into details one way one can do this is by an experiment Which is very close to optical conductivity in condense matter what you do you shake the lattice in which the particles are in and when you do that it's very similar to Making Frequency-dependent Conductivity of the system you measure the energy that is deposited you measure the energy which is absorbed by the system and Therefore you do spectroscopy of the system at the frequency omega of the modulation I don't want to go into detail of the of the Procedure but what is measure is not the current current correlation function But it's the kinetic energy kinetic energy correlation function. It's close enough one can do a shaking of the lattice in the Horizontal direction and then it would really be the current current correlation function So you can do spectroscopy that way. So this is what they did they prepared in equilibrium They started shaking the lattice for a while and then they released and did energy measurement If you are here in the mod phase no disorder very large interaction You find two peaks one is at you the value of the repulsion the other is at to you And we understand this speaks very well This is exactly what you expect in a mod insulator if you do it a little bit above in the disorder You find that a third peak appear and this peak can be analyzed theoretically and is well in agreement with what we would expect if there was let's say a both glass phase in that Particular region if you remember the conductivity of even free fermions in one dimension It goes to zero at omega goes to zero it has a peak at a certain frequency Which is the Fermi velocity Divided by the localization length and then it drops as a power of the frequency at high frequency And this peak is similar to the peak that one would get in the optical conductivity for Localized particles so all in all this experiment is very consistent with what are the theoretical predictions it shows very clearly this re-entrance of a phase Which is coherent and which is mobile So I would like to call it the superfrid and it shows it surrounded by phases which are both insulating and Incoherent from the point of view of superconductivity the phase here is clearly Polluted at least severely by the mod phase and this phase is certainly or most likely The both last but of course there are many direction in which one should improve to get something which is really a smoking Smoking gun for the both glass phase and it's the temperature if possible get rid of the mod insulator by Removing the lattice which means now putting a true disorder putting a speckle and even better Get rid of the trap to make more easily direct comparison between experiment and the theory Okay, let me know move to another system Which apparently is completely different and even one doesn't see why it should be there And you will see that it's really complimentary of the one that is coming from the coal atom So why am I discussing spins when I'm discussing bosons and actually it's relatively simple And it's something we we had in a in a now old paper together with Alex say it's very Let's look at for example ladders Which are made of dimers which are made of strong rungs like this and for the moment Let me ignore the weaker exchange coupling here between the diamonds now It's a trivial problem each rung as a singlet and three degenerate triplet state And it becomes interesting if I start now putting a magnetic field because the singlet will not disperse and One of the triplet will go down. So if I managed to get it cross the singlet I will get a quantum phase transition between a state Which is non magnetized and a state which has magnetization one at each right now Of course So I will start getting triplets everywhere now I don't I don't remember who said everything which has two states can be mapped onto a spin one-half Or can be mapped onto a qubit and this is the case here You can make a representation where you say the singlet I map onto an absence of bosons on the rung and the triplet I map onto one boson on the right now Of course you need to limit the number of bosons on the rung for this mapping to be valid and Essentially you get hardcore bosons so that you cannot put more than one boson on the right the mapping is faithful It respects all the commutation relations So this type of system can be directly be mapped on a system of bosons Now because of the other exchange if they are present the triplet can hop on other ranks and Therefore the dispersion of the triplet here is is exist is of the order of the smaller exchange Which means that you don't get one quantum phase transition But we you get to you get one first when the first triplet Usually q equals zero is entering in the system Then you start filling a band of triplets or triplets if you prefer and then at the second field You have put one triplet per rung. So that's it So what you have here is a system which can effectively be mapped onto a system of Itinerant bosons which live on the ranks and the kinetic energy of the bosons is fixed by the exchange This is the extension for dimers of the very well-known Matsubara Matsuda mapping for spin one-half that Down spin is zero bosons spin up is one bosons and the s plus s minus operator is bidagger B The JZ term as the Z is the product of the two densities of bosons and that's it now the thing which is interesting is that the magnetic field is a chemical potential for the bosons and Compared to people who desperately try to use gates to dop by a mere 10 percent in two dimensions only Itinerant objects fermions usually here you can do you can use your magnetic field as a chemical potential in 3d There is absolutely no problem and you can go from zero boson per site to one boson per site So from an empty band to a field band more over you have an excellent control on the density of bosons Because for spins probes have been developed for the last whatever 60 years 70 years magnetization is just the number of bosons The neutron and NMR they give you access to dynamical correlation Zz is nothing but the density density correlation of bosons and s plus s minus Which can for example be measured in neutrons scattering experiment is nothing but the single Particle correlation for bosons. So we have a quantum simulator, which means a system Experimentally, which is a faithful realization of a very simple Model of it inherent boson on the lattice and we can use this model with an excellent degree I mean the experimental system with an excellent degree of Control so these systems are complementary to cold atoms cold atoms You have essentially a perfect control of lattice and parameters interaction disorder You have perfect short-range interactions But you have to pay the price of the in homogeneities in inherent to the trap of course they are working very hard on that to improve this and Sometime you don't have the probe that you would need to get the phenomenon you want to investigate the BC the dimers if you want They are very homogeneous. These are remarkably homogeneous system You have a perfect density control via the magnetic field of the bosons in the system You have exactly the set of probes that you need to get density densities Single particle and so on correlations But of course you have to take what your chemist friend if you have a chemist friend is giving you in term of sample If you're not happy with the exchange the kinetic energy the interaction too bad change chemist friend get another one Because there is nothing you can do you can apply a little bit of pressure or do things like this But it won't go very far Now if you want to know more about this class of material how one can see Bosenstein condensation for example in them There is a little review that we wrote with Christian Ruegg or lecture on each of Couple of years ago now just to show you that I'm not just dreaming as a theorist Here is a compound which exists. Here is the structure of the compound. It's made of Intercalated ladders here the site here are spin one half side. They carry spin one half They are copper site and they are separated by these very complicated bonds here Which allow to reduce the exchange enough so that they can be manipulated by a human magnetic field Because most antiferous magnets they have exchange of 600 700 Kelvin then you need 700 Tesla to fill the band So it's totally useless here you get 12 Kelvin along this rung and you would get about 4 Kelvin here along the legs and the Coupling between the ladders is about 50 mili Kelvin So these are excellent compound from the point of view of studying one dimensional structure actually, we analyze Quantitatively to monogalating a liquid properties in this compound I refer you to this publication for this and we obtain remarkable agreement with the calculation that one can do from Bosonization and to monogalating a liquid But here what I want to mention is of course that now you can play with these systems by Disordering the bonds here. They are for example chlorine or Bromine now if you substitute the bromine by another atom, let's say chlorine What you get is you change this exchange here without touching the copper sites themselves So it's not the standard zinc or nickel substitution where you replace Where you replace a spin one-half by a spin zero or spin one, but you can essentially exchange the bonds Sorry, you can essentially modify the bonds in a random way in order to get something which is akin to the Dirty bosons the disordered bosons that we would like to have so there are already several studies that have been made in that Respect I don't want to discuss all the compounds. There are variations on what I am presenting you This one is from Zaludev group in Okay, then PSI now ETH and you see very clearly for example the type of quantity one can measure Here is the magnetization with respect to magnetic field the pristine sample the non-disordered sample as Something which looks like this. So this is where Boson starts to enter the system Now if you disorder the system you see that a boson starts to enter before which is not Abnormal and then you get a region where the material is perfectly compressible. This is the derivative DMDH the compressibility now here is the peak intensity that was measured by nutrients and In this region you see that although you get bosons in the system They don't see peak intensity, which means the average of the single particle Object is zero. So it means this is not a superfluid if I use the Bosonic language Whether it's the boss glass. Well, it would be too nice, but this experiment has a certain number of imperfections and One needs to to solve them But essentially it shows you that one can study this type of problems Using these materials. Here is another Experiment done in Japan. This is the temperature magnetic field phase diagram This is the pristine system which shows the two-third exponent characteristics of the Boson Stein condensation And these are disordered system We showed a market range a market change in the phase boundary with different exponents Which can then be analyzed in terms of again both glass Transition a more recent paper using another yet another compound where again exponents of the phase diagrams Where analyzed? Let me just show you to finish view on some recent work which is done in the group of Christian Ruegg in PSI together with his student Ward Which he consists in disordering the compound that I just show you go from bromine to chlorine So this is something that Simon Did and you see already that the color of the material is quite different if you go from totally bromine compound to totally chlorine compound The phase diagrams in term of the magnetic field temperature is quite different The values of the exchange that you get for This material is not at all the same than what you get for this material But except for that you see it's essentially the same physics you get no bosons here You start putting bosons in the material and for most of the temperatures They are in Tomonaga letting a liquid state if you go too low They finish by having a 3d phase transition. This is of the order of 100 millikelvin And this is of the order of four or five kelvin So you have a wide range to study Tomonaga letting a liquid properties and by making mixtures of this few percent You can go to disordered Bosons, so let me flash some very recent results that we are Obtaining of course Characterizing the disorder in this system is not so easy because the chlorine can substitute in many places in the system So we are analyzing this with shunzuke furia with a postdoc in my group Corina with at Bonn University and Simon Ward and Christian Ruegg are of course doing the experiment and are the driving force in this analysis if you Do first the analysis in the gap phase so somewhere Where you don't get bosons, let's say somewhere there Then only the spin flip that the neutron is doing is creating a triplet excitation So what you have done is you have put one particle in the problem So this is very simple because what you're doing you're studying standard Anderson localization one particle in a random potential and For the bosons it would mean studying the single particle correlation So it's the if you want the the density of state of the problem resolved in k Here is the dispersion that you get. This is not experiment. This is theory This is the dispersion that you would get if you are exciting with the neutrons a single triplet Then this guy moves on the lattice. So it has a very natural tight binding dispersion relation again the intensity shows this is where you see neutron absorption if you start disordering the material of course you will start having a Density of state that is affected by the disorder and you can see here already Things appear you see states which are non dispersing in energy But which are broad in k which are good indication of localized state and when one compare the theoretical predictions With the neutron scattering experiments it gives reasonable agreement So we are starting to get confident that we can characterize the disorder in this material Reliably and then of course the next step is to go in the Tomonagel a Tinger liquid regime or at least Where we would expect to have a finite number of bosons and see whether we can identify a both glass phase in this regime or not Okay, I will stop here my conclusion Well disorder and interaction is alive and kicking there are many problems and there has been a complete renewal of experimental systems that Allows us to go much further in the analysis of this system I'm certainly looking forward to discussion and interaction with Boris for the next 60 years on this subject I'm really looking forward to it and of course I conclude by wishing you a happy birthday Boris. Thank you for your attention


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And a new look back five can inspire the Cherries back to winning ways here. This fixture finished 3-3 last season with Callum Wilson's late controversial equaliser on the edge of the six-yard box. Wilson looking to break out, he's got Fraser, who scoops it past his man. Can he keep that one in Ryan Fraser? He will. He gets his head up to see who's arriving in the middle for him. Fraser continues the run, Diop slides in, catches Fraser late, runs to Callum. Wilson! What a finish! Top beautifully with a Cherries top scorer and he smashed it with his right foot. No chance for Allianski, deadlock broken, eight minutes into the second half. Four with one, West Hamnill. Well, it was great work by Fraser to make up all that ground on this left-hand side. Got the cross, crossed the pace of goal and, as you say, it just sat up nicely and Callum smashed it home into the back of the net. Great work by Fraser. Another assist in the column of Ryan Fraser. Another goal in the column of Callum Wilson as it looped up its span. It couldn't have sat up more perfectly for Callum Wilson and he couldn't have found the corner more accurately than he did, just inside the pot. Absolutely incredible. Cailan Ball keeping Root into the ground right in the top corner. That takes Callum Wilson to ten Premier League goals for the season. It's already his best Premier League scoring season in the Cherries shirt. But he hits double figures. Ryan Fraser also now goes to double figures in terms of assists. It makes him the first Scotsman since Gary McAllister will owe to contribute ten Premier League assists in a season. We're going back 20 years or so. You think all the big guns are out of the way? As they try and put Brooks through, there's a real chance here for a second. Brooks to King! Joshua King from close range, puts the game to bed. And those nervy couple of minutes of added time will no longer be nervy. It's a double for Bournemouth over West Ham this season. 2-0 their lead.


Hello, this unit deals with specific aspects of conversation, notably with the concepts of Dixies and Referencing. Important means to make our contributions to conversation relevant to the situation. In the virtual session we will answer two essential questions. How do we reference an object in space and what are the central elements of Dixies that is how do we point with words? To find out we will look at the principles of Dixies, we will discuss the various Dictic elements and we will see how we reference objects in space. Use the question sheet with its hyperlinks and its video links for guidance if you don't know where to start. The mastery worksheet is a selection task where you have to identify Dictic elements in context. Under the virtual session this shouldn't be any problem. And the practical is basically a text in which we want you to identify Dictic elements and the principles of object referencing, certainly the right material to supplement the theoretical foundations.


There is a playlist on this YouTube channel and it contains short fiction, poetry and film reviews related to narcissism and psychopathy. There are already two stories there, one about the mindset of a con artist during the con and the other one is about how the narcissist experiences his wife's infidelity, their film reviews, and there's even some poetry. The list is going to grow through time, so be patient and live long. Today's entry is about how an abusive and traumatizing household ultimately produces a narcissist. Warning, it's a difficult story, so be prepared mentally. Mother tells me to not say anything at school about what is happening at home. Nothing is happening at home. Come morning I wake up from my restless sleep and either I have wetted my bed or I haven't. If I have, mother silently packs off my soaked pajamas and the damp sheets, casting a harsh glance at the black stain that seeps into the bed's upholstery. The house already rakes and she opens the shutters and lays the linen on the window panes, half out and the dry half in. I get dressed and I brush my teeth. I stare at my feet that are the shape of irons and I conceal them, standing on one naked foot and then on another and thralled by their curvaceous obesity. The white paste and my saliva swirl in my mouth and drip on my undershirt in odoriferous stripes. I have bad breath, but I don't know it yet. Near will tell me and then I will know it. I frown and pull the polluted garment away as though I couldn't dress horizontally instead of vertically and straight upwards. It turns dark for a moment. It's so scary, so I scream. And this is how I earn today's first slap. Mother dumps the soil under things in the gaping laundry pail. Her eyes are desperate. I am not a successful kid. I'm ugly. I'm immature. And I have an eggplant nose. The Vengena in Ladino. I rub my hurting cheek and I put on the sky blue school uniform shirt and trousers. I don't know how to tie my shoelaces. Instead of slender butterflies, I get knotted caterpillars, bound larvae, repulsive insects with two plastic-tipped antennas.  I wait patiently. She sighs and places the baby on the bed. She steps towards me and I recoil because I don't know how mad I made her. I'm not sure what it's going to be this time. Sometimes she just groans and ties the laces with one incisive motion, but at other times she pinches me real hard. And we are both mum and my blood streams down to her nip until the place acquires shades of black and blue and deep purple. She doesn't have to tell me to roll down my sleeves. I do it anyhow. The dirty laundry of this family stays at home. Our secrets are ours and no one else's. Sometimes they imagine us like a fortress and the enemy would kill to learn all kinds of things about us, but we are not going to let it know. We will protect each other and we will hold them back. On the days that mother washes the house, I withdraw to a corner and I imagine a mighty army shooting arrows from all kinds of cracks and casements and I see a hero and he's fighting empty-handed in a variety of martial arts and he wins. Couped up in an angle, the dirty water churning around me, rivulets of our effluence, revolting strands of hair and nail clippings. And then my mother spreads a tattered blanket in the tiny balcony and turns on the radio and we listen to the program for mother and child.  When the shoelace's business is over, I turn my back to her and await the heft of my school bag and I exit without saying goodbye or so long or anything. She yells after me to be careful how I cross the street, their cars and to be wary of children to not let them beat me. Once, a stranger lifted me on his shoulders and asked me to read aloud the names on the mailboxes. We went through many buildings, him and me. He told me that he was looking for some family. When I returned home, they all shouted at me something awful and warned me not to associate with strangers because they are dangerous. This is a fortress and we are in it. Even our extended family don't visit anymore. Mother and father don't like it when they do. They set a table with all kinds of alcoholic drinks and non-alcoholic beverages that we, the children, are allowed to consume, but mother's eyes follow everyone to see if they have touched anything and she doesn't like it at all the mess they make, these guests. I don't pee at school because the urinals are not clean or something. I don't remember why, I just know to not pee. Mother tells me to not hold it back. It isn't healthy, but I abstain on purpose. I want to pee at home. When I come back, when I return, mother doesn't let me visit the restroom to get sorted out. That's how we call it, sorted out. It's a phrase that teacher Mina taught us. She said that it is not nice to pee. It's much better to get sorted out. Mother adores this phrase and it became compulsory because we are not allowed to use foul language at all. So I asked my mission to get sorted out and mother takes a broom to me and she beats me forcefully on the back. And all the neighbors stand at the entrance door and watch.   Perhaps now I will learn to not hold back at school. She takes down my trousers and I'm exposed to the jeering crowd, drenched and naked. It isn't a good day this one. So I read all the evening and I read at night and I read during the morning. I read a lot throughout this not very good day this one. Mother could have been a famous author or an important actress but instead she had us and she did not become one. She became a housewife. There is a lot of sadness and a lot of anger when she tells us that. And also how once she appeared in a play, a spook, the naughty dwarf and everyone complimented her and urged her to join a professional theater troupe. She couldn't do it. She couldn't do it because she was working in a shoe store on Mount Carmel to support her father and mother who didn't love her at all because she was boyish. She wore her hair like a boy and she dressed like a boy and was as daring as a boy. And she gulped down huge quantities of salty soup and three loaves of bread when she returned from work at the shop owned by the Yakis, the German Jews, whom she admired. When I was born the radio broadcast the proceedings of the Eichmann trial and she called me my little Eichmann. But that was only in jest. These Yakis, these German Jews with their order and efficiency and table manners and how she studied German, they all admired her in return. And now this, a wailing baby and the dripping bedsheets of her first born.  And her fingers gouging my veins on the inside of my arm and all my blood rushing toward her and staining and she stares down at her hand. A glimmer in her eyes wide open and I slowly extract my arm from her grasp and she does not resist it. She just sighs and brings some stinging violet iodine and smears it on the lacerations. After some time they scar and all that remain are pale and elongated mother traces.  She tears the books that I borrow from the public library and she flings them out of the concrete bars that frame our laundry room where we also dine on a tiny wooden table. And through these bars she tears my realms apart and down to the shriveling grass. And I leave everything and I gallop downstairs because I'm afraid that by the time I get to my shredded books someone will have absconded with them or the wind will have scattered them or the rain or something. I find them my books prostrate and wounded and I solve them with my speed to heal them like mother's purple iodine. I think that maybe my saliva will glue them back thick as it is but they remain the same. Only now the torn pages are also damp. Back at home father and I sellotape the ruptured leaves and when I go to the library I say all kinds of lies or put on an innocent face so that the librarian Shula will not flip through it and see our shoddy handicraft. My father is on my own even though my father has golden hands and fixes everything at home. But I keep reading and I keep reading sometimes five whole books a day. I'm completely uninterested in their content. I don't read even one of them to its end. I skip numerous paragraphs. I don't even finish thrillers or mysteries. I just scan the pages dimly aware of the words and father says to mother when she curses me under her breath what do you want from him? You don't understand him at all and who can? He doesn't belong to us. He's from another planet. I weep when I hear these words. My silent tears, not the cries that I give out when I'm bitten and not the self-indulgent whimpering and see how ugly you are when you're like that. No, this is a true release between me and my pillow and I feel then how poor they are and how much I should pity them and not the other way around because I'm not from this world and I don't belong and they have to raise me all the same.  Mother herself tells me that I am when we sit down around the table and she looks my age. She's so young and with a boyish haircut and pink taut skin on her high cheekbones. She tells me that I'm a genius. She says that she's proud of me but not to let it go to my head. But there is a change in her attitude towards me like a new fear like I'm out of the fortress now unpredictable from another world and I don't belong.  And I felt no need to read only to listen to the stories of the sage and his donkey and his son and his goat and to sip from that sweetened pitch-flavored drink that she made us. But then she would say enough and she would ask who touched the refrigerator and we would say not we but she knew. She always pointed at us and said that we had touched the refrigerator and we know we must not and how her life is being ruined by the need to clean after us and then the beatings, the beatings. All my body. In the middle of the apartment we have a floor to ceiling metal divider, a partition. Father welded it together from metal leaves and metal vines and stuck a small aquarium full of teeny fish and water and a plastic diver that gives off bubbles and all kinds of shells and fine ground sand. Every morning father gets up and spreads smelly aquarium food with calloused fingers over the bubble troubled water. Rusty flakes that sink like feathers straight into the gaping jaws of the frenetic fish. Every week one of the fishes would remain stuck at the bottom or float and the others would snap at it and we know that it is dead and it is bloated too. At night I sleep across from this partition on the side that mother forbids to enter during the day and the flickering light emitted by the electric all-soul scandal illuminates the diver and the inky water and his loneliness and the bubbles and everything and I watch it all until I fall asleep. Come morning the room beyond the divider, the partition is off limits. Only mother is scrubbing and carefully dusting the nightly build-up of the expensive formica furniture. I'm the only one who sleeps there at night facing the television set. Even guests are asked to watch this black and white wonder from the outside.  Anything but that. Mother passes cookies to old Mr. Yosef from Turkey who talks incessantly. And so I doze off amidst the sounds of the television and of Mr. Yosef. I have bad dreams and I listen to mother and father arguing. I will pack my suitcase and leave you all tomorrow. Feel free, mother says. Feel free to go. And tomorrow he doesn't. He gets up in the middle of the night to go to work and before he departs he straightens our blankets and I think that maybe he kisses my cheek or forehead somehow. Otherwise how did his stubble scrape me? It must have been a kiss. The next day father brings me books, books from the Library of the Union of Construction Workers in Haifa that I never visit. I do go with him to attend lectures at the Union and I ask the lecturer smart questions and everyone is amazed and so is dad. He inflates the way he always does when he's proud of me. Now in the book he brought me there is a story about a king in clothes and a kid who has the guts to cry even though he is the monarch, it is the monarch and everything. The kid cries, the king is naked. I read this story a couple of times like I don't believe that some kid will shout such a thing about the king and what happened to him afterwards I wonder surely he was scratched and pinched at least to death. I contemplate his iron-like feet, petite and rosy when he ascends to the gallows and how his head rolls, sprinkling gore all over the crowd. But everything is frozen, no one cheers like in the movies about the French Revolution. Everyone gapes at this kid's lips through which he said the king is naked. There is something empowering and hopefully this as though a good-hearted old fellow with long hair bends over me because he notices that I'm small and that I'm bleeding profusely from my arms and he gives me this magic spell, this faith.  She notices my stare but she sings boisterously and I know that I'm unnerving her by watching her do her chores.


Quick Slant is presented by your local New England Honda dealers. Are we there yet? It's basically what you just listened to from two to six in Felgar and Mass. No, you're not there yet. It's going to take some time, because Rome wasn't built in the day and the Patriots were not torn down to a four and thirteen team overnight. They got work to do, and they are about to get after that work, it seems, by resigning their own guys. Well, I mean, sad trombone? We'll talk about it. In doing so, we will bring in Phil Perry to chat with. Phil, real quick, I want you to give me one big smile, one sad face, and one developing opinion. The big smile is Micah Wenu. Everybody knew this was a glaring need for them. Core guy, you bring him back. Sad face is the fact that they haven't added a starting caliber receiver to this point.  Nice that you have Pop Douglas. You need more there. You need more there. And I'm talking before the draft. And then my developing opinion is, what do you do with Jacobi Berset? Tom, are you starting him week one, no matter what? Or are you just looking at him and saying, at least we have the option now to start him if we really need to. But we're probably going to be playing a young quarterback there because it's a strong quarterback class. So we got the three overall pick, for God's sakes. That is very much TBD. How actually they deploy the newly weaponized Jacobi Berset. We have a game plan, and here it is, ladies and gentlemen, watch out, wish list, missed list. We're going to get to those. Jacobi returns, later Mac, polls, comments. You guys are always so good at contributing for those. Meanwhile, though, here's the latest on Calvin Ridley. The Patriots reportedly have an aggressive offer on the table. Adam Schefter said, but Ridley prefers at this juncture to remain in Jacksonville. Also, the Jaguars would prefer to wait on a new deal because their compensation to the team they acquired Ridley from initially, it will go from a second rounder if they move him before Wednesday to a third rounder if they do so after Wednesday. A little convoluted there, but it does pay them some reason to foot frag with resigning Ridley if they're so desiring. The team has needs, Phil. They do. And listen, the Patriots might have to wait until tomorrow, until the league year officially starts to figure out what exactly it is that Calvin Ridley wants to do. I think it's worth mentioning the Jaguars have already signed two wide receivers this free agency period. They signed Gabe Davis, formerly a Buffalo. They also signed Devin Duvernay. And so I wonder if that is a little bit of a sign as to how much they're going to be willing to spend on somebody like Calvin Ridley. Tom, the Patriots have so much money. They have so many resources to allocate to this position if they so choose. This is clearly the top guy. To me, you could use him inside. You could use him outside. He would make your young quarterback's life much easier. This would be an investment in that player. Even more so than it would be in Ridley himself for those reasons. I would say overpay the guy if you really have to. Well, Calvin Ridley isn't Nelson Aguilar. No, no, he's not. But the Patriots overspent on Nelson Aguilar a couple of years ago just because he was there. And it didn't work out so good. So maybe there's a little bit of, it's a cautionary tale. Meanwhile, we'll get back to that. Scared money, don't make money, Tom. Scared money sometimes loses incredible amount of money. I've been there. Meanwhile, that's where it started. Jacoby Percent, here's his last three seasons. 30 games, 16 starts, 6 and 10. He completes passes at a good clip and he's got a 2 to 1 passing touchdown to interception ratio. Phil, as far as you're concerned, they got there, guy. Yeah, this is the guy that makes all kinds of sense because he's familiar with the scheme that you're going to implement here in New England. He's familiar with Alex Van Pelt. He's familiar with T.C. McCartney who's the new Patriots quarterback's coach. He's a guy, Tom, that is thought to be one of the better locker room guys in the NFL and you can roll your eyes at that. You could shake your head at that. It does matter. These are human beings. And again, if you do plan on bringing in a young quarterback, having somebody who's been in a variety of different systems, everything from New England to the McShannahan scheme that he ran in Cleveland, I think that would be helpful for whoever you bring in here at that position who's young and needs the sage opinion of a veteran. That's what Jacoby Percent will give you. I wonder if this actually pennies them in to having to go quarterback at number three. We'll also discuss that on Tom Caron's Patriots talk pod. Meanwhile, a salute of quarterbacks have been on the move across the National Football League.  You got my guy in Gardner Minshew who I thought would be a guy who could win some games with. Russell Wilson, thanks, but no thanks on him. Marcus Marriota, he's a Jaden Daniels supervisor. It's going to be a better word than that. James Wintsey, you can see him all right there. Do the Patriots miss out on anybody? I'll take this one. Yeah, I mean, if you wanted to win this year, if you wanted to be exciting, if you wanted to be scintillating, Gardner Minshew would have been a better play than Jacoby Percent. And he's only making about $4 million more a year. And I'm not saying that Gardner Minshew is the second coming of anyone. However, he is a guy who went to the Pro Bowl this year, Phil. Oh, boy, we're going to go there. You really want to go there? Did you watch Gardner Minshew in that Germany game? I know the Patriots looked worse. You got a win in the house. Worse. How did Jacoby Percent look last year? 10 points on the international stage. How did Jacoby Percent look when they played the Patriots last year? Jacoby, that was two years ago. Last year, Jacoby Percent, given every opportunity, was actually fantastic. And in the opportunities that he got last year, Washington. And two years ago, that game against the Patriots, by far and away, his worst game that season. He ended the year with about a 90 quarterback rating. That's essentially Minshew-esque, if not better, Tom, and for a much lower cost. And he's going to, I think, embrace his role as a number two. We'll see. But I think he will a little bit better, maybe, than even Gardner Minshew might. Very unhappy about Minshew. But there's still what he has for Jimmy. He hasn't signed anywhere. Meanwhile, a guy who did re-sign, Mike Wenu, three-year, $57 million deal, including $38 million guaranteed. Queer priority for the New England Patriots against a $22.5 million signing bonus. Phil, keeping your home grown here. You like this move a lot. I do, too. And why wouldn't you? Yeah, I don't know why you wouldn't. This is the Packer way, right? And Elliott Wolfe, we understand is Packer's background. We understand what those roots are. And their MO is to identify their quote-unquote core guys and re-up them. And that's what they've done here, Tom. The stunning thing to me is the Patriots, as a franchise, since 2014. Or players taken in the draft since 2014, only five of them have signed long-term extensions with the Patriots. Wenu is the fifth. They need to start hitting more in the draft. And continuing with this MO, whether it's Packers, Patriots, whatever it is, you have to identify those core guys because you drafted well and then pay them. Agreed. That is the nature of the business. Everybody isn't replaceable at all times. And I think the Patriots under Bill Belichick got to a point where they said, we can coach up just about anybody. And sometimes they couldn't. Meanwhile, here are some of the fellas who are out the door. We have Jaguar's sixth-round pick for Mac Jones. Devonte Parker has gone to the Eagles. Mac Wilson has gone to the Cardinals. Mike Jacicki also has gone to the Cincinnati Bengals. In the words of, who was that dude? Oh, Christopher Walken. We sail without him. From when he crashed, sorry. I should remember the guy's chair. Yeah, the painting was a gift, Tom. Yeah, listen, I think Devonte Parker going out, I think should be encouraging to people for obvious reasons. But it also, it opens up a spot for them to clearly add a guy that can play on the outside, that can be their quote-unquote number one. This is a sign not only that they were done with Devonte Parker, but they're opening up space to add someone else, whether that's Infrared Agency. Again, which I feel it should be with Calvin Ridley. Yep. Or in the draft. Meanwhile, nobody has been hotter than Phil. This was Phil's multi-step plan for making the Patriots better in the off season. This was a month ago. Well, a couple weeks ago. Signed Calvin Ridley hasn't been done yet. Unwitted. Back, Henry. Back. The set in. Tag Kyle Dugger. I am right there with you on those last four. Phil is on fire. Phil, that's already, to me, a star on your forehead. Which one of those would you see as the most likely? I know they're talking to Ridley, but would you still give yourself a W if it was Fuller, for instance, as a corner, which is a sneaky need here? It is a sneaky need. I think you need somebody opposite Christian Gonzalez. I think you need a pass rusher as well, Tom. So Daniel Hunter might actually be the most expensive name on that list when it's all said and done. If you could end up with, Tom, two of those four names remaining on that list, that to me is a very solid off season.  Are you going to make the Super Bowl? No, you're not. You're not anywhere close to that. But are you going to give the fans a product in 2024? You are. And so you have to work towards, I think, adding two more of those names. Speaking of the fans, let's go to From the Stands right now. Poll question I burped out at you folks on Twitter. Today was Jacobi Bresset signed to be the Patriots of Bridge quarterback. Was this the best approach? Yes, no brainer. 75% taking it. Drake made day one starter. 11.1% of you. Believe it or not, there wasn't a lot of support from Mack Jones sticking around on a low budget contract. Meanwhile, here's what you guys had to say. Jacobi should start until AVP is up to speed as a play caller and the offensive line plus wide receivers are clicking. Most important final step is fully prepared. May is fully prepared. And then May should start. I think that's pretty much what everyone's working on. Shoulder trade at the fields. Next, I love cousins, but if they signed him to the deal he ended up with, it would be more than a bridge here. Agreed. It would impede them from drafting quarterback to begin with that early. Agreed. I was just happy. I'm traffic nasty. Don't have to hear your suggesting mention anymore. Meanwhile, how is this different from what Bill was doing? Where is the different approach? Well, I'd say Bill, for one, they re-signed one of their players who was hitting free agency. Additionally, they brought in a veteran quarterback which might have come in handy last year instead of your Matt Corral, Ian Book, procession of Flossam and Jetson. They cut their losses on a few lost causes, whether it's Matt Jones, which Bill Belichick might have been willing to move on from him after last year if he was still here, no doubt. But how about Devante Parker?  It's even more confusing now. I give the current front office credit for understanding the mistakes that were made and moving on. That was at Deandre Hopkins. I hope you don't feel bad that we talked to Deandre Hopkins extension for Devante Parker. At least it felt that way.  But that job brought to you by Dr. Matthew LePresse.  Here with some of the projections for the Patriots, players that are coming back on new deals. Pro football focused does a great job with this. 465 from Wenu. Got him for 357, eh? Then you have the transition tag going to Duggar. 453 is his projection. 212.53, 27 million. So a little less than imagined for Hunter Henry who was the second best creation on the market at the tight end position. And then you see the other two with Uche and Kendrick Bourne, Bourne signing a contract very similar to the one he had a few years ago. Meanwhile, it is time now for my swing. Watch out! And I've been hearing a lot of this on the radio today. Why didn't they do anything? Why were they aggressive? Well, the league year begins tomorrow and the Patriots have already screwed it up. We knew going into 2023 that Henry, Duggar, and Wenu, those were the priorities. All of them had good years this past year, as did Bourne. Pre-injury before he was, actually after he was exiled last year. The Patriots resigned to all of those guys. Now, none of them are all pros. And any, had they left, would have needed to be replaced. And they would really know legitimate upgrades in free agency to do so. So the Patriots did the right thing here. Meanwhile, do you think Bill Belichick would have resigned on Wenu or Tag Duggar when he virtually never retained players into their second contracts? If you didn't notice what happened the last few months, it's a pretty bad team. They went through eight quarterbacks. They had no right tackle. They had to send Wenu out there to do that. They let one good wide receiver go to bring in two bad ones. Bill Half reveled in the crumbling of Mack Jones and never bothered to sign a veteran backup.  We're really going to talk about buyer's remorse with the guys they brought back. They needed to bring these guys back because they are, on offense, the best players they had. And they aren't even Pro Bowers. So what do people expect to happen in free agency? I think there was some test tube they were going to make a quarterback in. Patriots need to take their medicine, eat their vegetables, build a team. Some of the things they found in this four and 13 records can be salvaged. It doesn't mean it wasn't a wreck. All right, of course, I'm the guy who thought they could win 11 games last year. Phil! Yeah, you are. I was a lot there, but agree with me. Listen, if I'm a Patriots fan, right now I am reserving my right to be highly upset if we get to the end of the week and they haven't added a receiver that can play and they haven't added a tackle who can play opposite Michael Enno. I really feel as though that's okay. Tom, they came into the offseason with among the most cap space. They were first or second in cap space, depending on where you look, in the NFL. They have the resources. They have the needs. The players are out there. Make it work, no? Tackle, wide receiver, corner. Got to happen. We haven't even mentioned Antonio Gibson, meanwhile, because, well, he's a bit player, but tackle, wide receiver, corner. Hit those, and maybe people could talk a little less about a lack of aggressiveness. Meanwhile, we got another poll for you today because, well, it's free agency and you guys need to be heard from, from the stands 2.0. Bonus! Patriots locked down their own guys, which in your opinion is surprisingly solid start. Fine, not that impressed. Disappointing status quo. We got comments, too. 6.0.3. Me, fine. Only on when it was a necessity. Warned signing a complete math at best. Traveling hiker, not impressed. One bit, all that money, and they've literally done nothing. I mean, I obviously loved it on when it was staying, but beyond that, so they've literally done something. Solid start, not surprising at all. The org finally trying to make, not trying to make free left turns when everyone else is going right. Next up, Nate. Nothing moves the needle. Go see the doctor.  LOL, so not a good start. I shouldn't have picked this one. I'm having a hard time reading that one. All right, Phil, here's your Mac Jones full screen. We'll get a segue to our guy, Mac, who has been shipped to Jacksonville. Here's what he did in his career as a Patriot. Take a look at those numbers, and then listen to our friend, Thorne Neistrom, who around this time in 2021, gave an outstanding review of what the Patriots could and shouldn't expect from Mac Jones and why they shouldn't deal up to draft him. The Patriots are in a tough spot because you've got to get up a ways there. Unless you're cool with Mac Jones. I truly do not believe that Mac Jones will be the third pick. If you like him enough, you're going to have to decide when the juice is worth the squeeze there. For me, I'm not moving up. Not for Mac Jones. If it's for Trey Lance or Justin Fields, yeah, I'm going to buck up some future first round picks or pony up whatever I need to move up. Now, Mac Jones is good against pressure, and his accuracy in the short to intermediate range is very, very good. He is going to run a system effectively. I do believe that. But there's a difference for me between a guy whose ceiling is a very good game manager and a guy whose ceiling is a guy that changes the game. All right, so there are some nits to pick. If you want to talk about Trey Lance or dealing with pressure, I think that Mac did initially deal well with pressure. But that pretty much distilled down is I think what most of us felt about Mac Jones. Take a high floor mediocre to low ceiling. Yeah, very good game manager. I think you and I, Tom, both were sort of in the same boat where we looked at Mac Jones and said, if he could be Kirk Cousins, could he be Kirk Cousins? Because if he can, especially on a rookie contract, that has all kinds of value. Then you could build around him, you could spend on weapons, you could spend on offensive line, and your team could actually look pretty good. The thing was that probably was his ceiling. They didn't do all the other stuff that they needed to do to foster that talent that was there, and we saw the results. Yeah, we're going to talk more about that coming up after the break with Brian Hoyer leading off the block in just a moment. Meanwhile, Tom Covert's Patriots talk about, okay, we got one out for you. It's on the free agent moves so far and we will be updating the pod throughout the week. So if you don't subscribe, go ahead and do that. That way they pop right into your inbox whenever you're looking for intel. Coming up after the break, more Mac Jones talk, and we have questions to pose about his future with the Jaguar. Brian Hoyer joined us in the Patriots Talk podcast last week. He was awesome, and you're going to love to hear an inside account of what happened in 2022. Obviously, you guys witnessed it as training camp went on, and I think there was a lot of shifts trying to take place, and there were shifts trying to take place with kind of no clear path. I guess that's the best way I would put it was, you were trying to get away from the system that had been run here for so long, but there also wasn't anyone who had been in another system that was trying to implement. I guess basically, look, I've played in a lot of different offenses, and what we were trying to do that year was kind of a hodgepodge of a bunch of different things without a clear cut person who would ever run those things before. And I think that frustrated a lot of people, especially guys who had played in that offense for a long time, because I would say this, it was a blessing and a curse to be coached by Josh McDaniels for as long as we were, because Josh demanded so much out of you that you had to learn the ins and outs of everything and the real, the reasons and the rules. And when you go from that to a system that really doesn't have a solid foundation, it doesn't have a lot of rules and all those things, the guys who have been coached that way for so long, we were kind of looking at like, well, how do you want us to do this? It was funny, the guys who had never really been in that system before, they didn't know the difference. You know what I mean? Like, they were like, oh, this is just what it is. It's pretty well established already. 2022 was a fairly dysfunctional year, but to hear somebody who was in the room articulated, it just does underscore just the level of adversity the offensive players were facing. And Mac Jones in particular. Yeah, and I think some of the players, Mac Jones especially, were criticized for maybe wanting to know the why, of how things break down, why concepts should work, the way that Matt Patricia, Joe Judge, and others wanted them to work.  That's not how modern NFL offense is run. I'm sorry, even Tom Brady as a young player had questions. You have to have people in these roles that can answer player questions. Speaking of answering questions, Phil, will Mac Jones start and win a playoff game in the NFL before his career ends? Wow. I think I'm going to take the under on that at least as it stands right now, especially Tom. I don't love the situation he's going to in Jacksonville. You're behind a young, entrenched, number one overall pick starter there. I know he's going to be a free agent after this coming season. I think you have to hope, you don't wish for injury if you're Mac Jones, but you have to hope you get a chance to start a game or two and then you end up getting an opportunity that you like a year from now. I'd say it's probably 250 to one. So I'd put 10 on that. Meanwhile, why is this free agent shopping period different than 2021 when the Patriots broke the bank? It shouldn't be all that different in my opinion. And I think they actually did the right thing in 2021 when they broke the bank because even though that didn't have long-term success, I don't think it was because of the spending they didn't free agency, Tom. They improved by three games that year made the playoffs. Matthew Judon was a hit. Kendrick Bourne was a hit. Hunter Henry is a hit. You can go on down the line. You're never going to hit on every free agent, but I think you can use it to get back to respectability. And so they should be doing that right now. We now know that the Minnesota Vikings are entering the season. As we speak with Sam Donald as their quarterback, there's going to be some moves there. But the easiest move for them to make is a sweetheart deal to get up to number three and extract the third overall pick. Phil, do you think the ship has sailed on the Patriots' training now? What would the signing of Jacobi preset? I don't think it's completely sailed, but something drastic in my opinion would have to happen with Drake May and or Jane Daniels between now and Draft Night for them to move off of that spot. I think they're probably leaning in that direction towards taking one of those guys. I agree. That is the default. They have to be moved off that spot with cause. Stick around for early addition.


Live from Las Vegas, it's theCUBE! Covering AWS re-invent 2019. Brought to you by Amazon Web Services and Intel, along with its ecosystem partners. Hey, welcome back to theCUBE. Our day one coverage of AWS re-invent 19 continues. Lisa Martin with Dave Vellante. Dave and I have a couple of guests we'd like you to welcome. We've got Anthony Brooks-Williams, the CEO of HBR, back on theCUBE, your alumni. We should get you a pin. Thank you, yes, please. And Snowflake alumni, but Chris, you're new. Chris Dagen, Chief Revenue Officer from Snowflake. Chris, welcome to the program. Thank you, excited to be here. All right guys, so even though both companies have been on before, Anthony, let's start with you. Give our audience a refresher about HBR, who you guys are, what you do. Sure, so we're in the data integration space, particularly real-time data integration, so we move data to the cloud in the most efficient way, and we make sure it's secure and it's accurate, and we're moving into environments such as Snowflake. And that's where we've got some really good customers that we're happy to talk about joint customers that we're doing together, but Chris can tell us a little bit about Snowflake. Sure, and Snowflake is a cloud data warehousing company. We are cloud-native, we are on AWS, we're on GCP, and we're on Azure, and if you look at the competitive landscape, we compete with our friends at Amazon, we compete with our friends at Microsoft, and our friends at Google, so super interesting place to be, but very exciting at the same time, and super excited to partner with Anthony and Tim. It's some others who aren't really your friends. That's correct, yeah. So I wonder if we could start by just talking about the data warehouse sort of trends that you guys see. When I talk to practitioners in the old days, they used to say to me things like, oh, infrastructure management, it's such a nightmare, it's like a snake swallowing a basketball. Every time Intel comes out with the new chips, we chase it, because we just need more performance, and we can't get our jobs done fast enough. And there's only three guys that we got to go through to get any answers. And it was just never really lived up to the promise of 360 degree view of your business, and real-time analytics, how has that changed? Well, there's that, obviously the cloud is at a big difference on that elasticity. What you would find is in yesterday, customers have these, a retail customer, has these big events twice a year. And so to do an analysis on what's being sold to customers' transactions, they buy this big data warehouse environment for two events a year, typically. And so what's happened, and that's highly costly as we know to maintain it then, because it advances in technology and trips and stuff. And then you move into this cloud world, which gives you that elasticity of scale up, scale down as you need to, and then particular where we've got tonight's snowflake that is built for that environment and that elasticity. And so you get someone like us that can move this data at today's scale and volume through these techniques we have into an environment that then bleeds into helping them solve the challenges you talk about of yesterday of these big clunky environments, I'd say. Yeah, I think you kind of nailed it. I think early days, so our founders are from Oracle, and they were building Oracle 8i, 9i, 10g. And when I interviewed them, I was the first sales rep showing up in day one, I'm like, what the heck am I selling? And when I met them, I said, tell me what the benefit of snowflake is. And they're like, well, at Oracle, when we'd go talk to customers and they'd say, I have this problem with Oracle, they'd say, hey, you're on seven generations ago, Oracle. You haven't upgraded the latest code. So one of the things they talked about is being a service. Hey, we want to make it really easy. You never have to upgrade the service. And then to your point around, you have a fixed amount of resources on-premise. So you can't, all of a sudden, if you have a new project that you want to bring on, the first question I asked when I started snowflake to customers was, how long does it take you to kick off a net new workload onto your Teradata, onto your Vertica? And it'd take them nine to 12 months because they'd have to go procure the new hardware, install it, and guess what? With snowflake, you can make an instantaneous decision and because of our elasticity, because the benefits of our partner from Amazon, you can really grow with your demand of your business. So businesses many don't have the luxury of nine to 12 months anymore, Chris. Because we all know if an enterprise legacy business isn't thinking there's somebody not far behind me who has the elasticity, who has the appetite, who understands the opportunity that cloud provides, if you're not thinking that as Annie Jessie will say, you're going to be on the wrong end of that equation. But for large enterprises, that's hard, the whole change culture is very hard to do. I'd love to get your perspective, Chris, on what you're seeing in terms of industries shifting their mindsets to understand the value that they could unlock with this data. But how are big industries, legacy industries changing? Yeah, I'd say that, look, we were chasing the cloud providers early days. So five years ago, we're selling to ad tech and online gaming companies. Today, what's happened in the industry is, and I'll give you a perfect example, is Benoit and I, one of our founders, went out to one of the largest investment banks on Wall Street five years ago, and they said, and they have more money than God, and they say, hey, we love what you've built. When are you going to run on premise? And Benoit uttered this phrase of, hey, you will run on the public cloud before we ever run in the private cloud. And guess what? Benoit is a truth teller because five years from later, they are one of our largest customers today, and they made the decision to move to the cloud. And we're seeing financial services at a blistering pace move to the cloud. And that's where partnering with folks from HR is super important for us, because we don't have the ability to just magically have this data appear in the cloud. And that's where we rely quite heavily on the industry. So Anthony, in the financial services world in particular, it used to be cloud never. That was an evil word. Automation, no, we have to have full control. And then migration, never. Digital transformation has started to change those things. It's really become an imperative. But migration in particular is really challenging. So I wonder if we can dig into that a little bit and help us understand how you solve that problem. Yeah, so customers, they want to adopt some of these technologies. So there's the migration route. They may want to adopt some of these cloud databases, the cloud data warehouses. And so we have some areas where we can do that and keep the business up and running at the same time. So the techniques we use, are we reading the transactional logs or the databases, something called CDC? And so there'll be initial transfer of the bulk of the data, initial instantiation or refresh. At that same time, we capturing data out of the transactional logs while that system's live and doing a migration to their new environment. Or into Snowflakes world, capturing data where it's happening, where the data is generated and moving that real time securely, accurately into this environment for someone like 1-800 flowers where they can do this, make better decisions to set the customers better at point of sale. So all their business division is pulling it in. So there's the migration aspects and then there's the use case around the real time reporting as well. So you're essentially refueling the plane while you're in midair. Yeah, that's a good one. So what is the customer see? How disruptive is it? How do you minimize that disruption? Well, the good thing is, well, we've all got these experienced teams, like Chris said, that have been around the block and a lot of ours have done this, what we do, we're at age, we're off the last 15 years, that company's at Golden Gate, the result are Oracle and those things. And so there's a whole consultative approach to them versus just here's some software, good luck with it. So there's that aspect where there's a lot of planning that goes into that. And then through that, using our technologies that are well suited to this, able to ensure some good success. And it's a key focus for us and in our world, in this subscription-based SaaS type world, customer success is key. And so we have to build a lot of that into how we make that successful as well. I think it's a barrier to entry, like going from on-premise to the cloud, that's the number one pushback that we get when we go out and say, hey, we have a cloud-native data warehouse, like how the heck are we going to get the data to the cloud? And that's where our partnership with HR is super important. What are some of the things that you guys encounter because many businesses live in the multi-cloud world. Most of the time, not my strategy, right? A lot of the CIOs say, well, we sort of inherited this. Or it's M&A or it's developers that have preference. How do you help customers move data appropriately based on the value that, the perceived value that it can give in what is really a multi-world today? Chris, we'll start with you. Yeah, I think, so as we go into customers, I think the biggest hurdle for them to move to the cloud is security because they think the cloud is not secure. So if you look at our engagement with customers, we go in and we actually have to sell the value snowflake and then they say, well, okay, great, go talk to the security team. And then we talk to security team and say, hey, let me show you how we secure data. And then they have to get comfortable around how they're going to actually get the data from on-premise to the cloud. And that's, again, when we engage with partners like HVR. So, yeah. And we go through a whole process with the customer. Typically, there's a, taking some of that data in a POC-type environment, approving that out before it gets rolled out. And a lot of references and case studies are out as well. And it depends on the customer. You have some customers who are bold. And it doesn't matter the size. We have a Fortune 100 customer who literally had an on-premise tar data system that they moved from on-premise tar data to snowflake in 111 days because they were all in. You have other customers that say, hey, I'm going to take it easy. I'm going to work load by workload. And it just depends. And that mileage may vary is what I thought. So like, can you give us an example of maybe a customer example or in what workloads they moved? It was in reporting. What other kinds was analytics? So, yeah, we've got a couple. We can talk a little bit about 1-800 flowers. We can talk about something like Pitney Bows where they were moving from Oracle to SQL Server.  So there's some complexity around how you acquire, how you decode that data, which we have a unique ability to do where we can decode the cluster and pool tables coupled with our CDC technique. And they had some string of performance loads that a bunch of other vendors couldn't meet the needs between both our companies. And so we were able to solve that challenge for them jointly and move this data at scale in the performance that they needed out of these Oracle SQL Server environments into Snowflake. It's almost feel like when you have an SAP environment, it's almost stuck in SAP. So to get it out is like, it's scary, right? And this is where it's super awesome for us to do work like this. Yeah. On that front, I wanted to understand your thoughts on transformation. It's a word, it's a theme of Reinvent 2019. It's a word that we hear at every event, whether we're talking about digital transformation, workforce, IET, et cetera. But one of the things that Andy Jassy said this morning was that it's got to start, this is more than technology, right? This is the next gen cloud, it's more than technology. It's about getting those senior leaders on board. Chris, your perspective, looking at financial services for a second, we were really surprised at how quickly they've been able to move understanding, presumably that if they don't, there's going to be other businesses. But are you seeing that as the Chief Revenue Officer? Are your conversations starting at that CEO level? Yeah, it kind of has to. Like and the reason why if you do a bottoms up approach and say, hey, I've got a great technology and you sell this great technology to a tech person, the reality is unless the CEO, CIO, or CTO has an initiative to do digital transformation and move to the cloud, you'll die.   And so those are the two areas that I see deals slow down significantly. And that's where it's getting through those processes and finding the champion at the CEO level, CIO level, CTO level. If you're a modern day CIO and you do not have a cloud strategy, you're probably going to get replaced in 18 months. So you better get on board and you better take advantage of what's happening in the industry. And I think that coupled with the fact that in today's world, you said it gets thrown around as a theme and particularly the last couple of years, I think it's now it is actually a strategy and reality because what you're so fine is that there's as many IT tech savvy people sitting the business side of organizations today that used to sit in legacy IT. And I think it's that coupled with the leadership driving it that's demanding it. They're demanding to be able to access that certain type of data in a GEO to make decisions that affect the business right now. I wonder if we could talk a little bit more about some of the innovations that are coming out. I mean, I've been really hard on the data warehouse industry. You tell I'm jaded, I've been around a long time. I mean, I've always said that Sarbanes actually saved old school BI and data warehousing and because all the reporting requirements. And again, that business never lived up to its promises. But it seems like there's this whole new set of workloads emerging in the cloud where you take a data warehouse like a snowflake, you maybe bring in some ML tools, maybe it's Databricks or whatever. HVR helping you sort of virtualize the data. And people are driving new workloads that are bringing insights that they couldn't get before in near real time. What are you seeing in terms of some of those gestalt trends and how are companies taking advantage of these innovations? I think one, there's just the general proliferation of data, there's just more data. And like you're saying from many different sources. So they're capturing data from CNC machines in factories, like we do for someone like GE. That type of data is to data, financial data that's sitting in a BU, taking all of that and going, there's just this vast sum of data. How can we get a total view of our business and at a board level make better decisions? And that's where they go put it in a snowflake in this elastic environment that allows them to do this consolidated view of that whole organization. But I think it's largely being driven by things that digitize, there's sensors on everything and there's just a sheer volume of data. I think all of that coming together is what's driven it. Is data access, we talked about security a little bit, but who has rights to access the data? Is that a challenge? How are you guys solving that? I mean, I think it's like anything, like once people start to understand how a data, we're an acid compliant SQL database. So whatever your security you use on your on-premise, you can use the same on snowflake. It's just a misperception that the industry has that being on in a data center is more secure than being in the cloud. And it's actually wrong. I guess my question is not so much security of the cloud. It's more what you were saying about the disparate data sources that come in hard and fast now. And how do you keep track of who has access to the data? I mean, is it another security tool or is it a partnership within us? Absolutely, so there's also there's in financial data, there's certain GEOs, data can't leave certain GEOs, whether it be in the EU or a certain company, particularly these big banks. So there's stuff that we can do from a security perspective in the data that we move that's secure, it's encrypted. If we're capturing data from multiple different source systems, we have the ability to take it all through one proxy in the firewall, which just helps them a lot in that aspect, something unique in our technology. But then there's other tools that they have. Largely, you sit down with them and it's their sort of governance that they have in the organization to go, how do they tackle that and the rules they set around it? So last question I have is, so we're seeing, I look at the spending data and my breaking analysis go on my LinkedIn, you'll see it. Snowflake's off the charts. It's up there with robotic process automation and obviously Redshift very strong. Do you see those two, I think you addressed it before, but I'd love to get you on record, it's sort of coexisting and thriving. Really that's not the enemy, right? It's the tarot datas and the IBMs and the oracles of the world.  Sometimes there's good days, sometimes there's bad days and I think every year about this time, we get a bat phone call from someone at Amazon saying, hey, the Redshift team's coming out with a snowflake killer and I've heard that literally for six years now. Turns out that there's an opportunity for us to coexist, turns out there's an opportunity for us to compete and it's all about how they handle themselves as a business. Amazon has been tremendous in separation of that of, okay, we're going to partner here, we're going to compete here and we're okay if you guys beat us and so that's how they operate. But yes, it is complex and there are challenges to that. Well, the marketplace guys must love you though because you're selling a lot of compute. Yeah, S3 guys, they love it. We have a similar thing. I mean, AWS have a technological DMS, the Data Migration Service. Yeah, right, sure. Yet they work with us, they refer opportunities to us when it's these big enterprises that are use cases, scale, complexity, volume of data. That's what we do. We're not necessarily into the smaller mom and pop type shops that just want to adopt it and I think that's where we're all both able to coexist together. There's more than enough for all of us. You're right, it's like, hey, we have champions in the S3 group, the EC2 group, the private link group, across all of the Amazon products. So there's a lot of friends of ours. Yeah, the Redshift team doesn't like us but that's okay, I can live with that. Healthy competition but it just goes to show that not only do customers and partners have choice, but they're exercising it. Gentlemen, thank you for joining Javeny on theCUBE this afternoon, we appreciate your time. Thank you. Thanks for having us. Our pleasure. Our pleasure. For Dave Vellante, I'm Lisa Martin. You're watching theCUBE from day one of our coverage of AWS reInvent 19. Thanks for watching.