OK, ready? Right. So, as this part of the slide says, my name is Steve, and as this part says, I'm a bit of a geek. Today it's on WebRTC, low barrier to entry, low barrier to exit question mark, meaning, is it true what I told you last year that this stuff is actually really easy? Yeah, no, it's not. This is not to say that WebRTC has things missing. WebRTC set out to do a job, which is to provide an easy way to get communications working peer to peer in the browser. This is not to say WebRTC is missing stuff per se, but there are things that you as a developer have to do to actually make it work. So I'm going to go through stuff in the API that needs work, stuff that you need to do within the browser itself, and infrastructure things that you will need to build by or used open source technical stuff for. And I might bring Singling into this because Singling is generally hailed as the thing which is missing from WebRTC. It's not, but I will mention it. So API, what do you need to do to get around the API problems? Well, the first is conformity. Because let's face it, we have a standard. WebRTC is a standard. And obviously, everyone follows the standard, right? Yeah, no. So there's problems there. There's functionality problems. Because obviously, after implementing the standard, you actually implement the things the standard says in the, no, they don't implement the standard in the right way. So you've got to work around the implementation things. And no one's ever released software with bugs in it. So you don't have to work around the bugs in WebRTC implementation. Yeah, there are bugs. So you've got to work around them as well. But apart from that, it's easy. So let's start with conformity problem. This is the first line that starts pretty much every slide you'll ever see on WebRTC. Get user media. Or in this case, WebKit. Get user media. You can see the problem with that already. It starts with the word web and ends in the word kit. Not all browsers are WebKit, funnily enough. So you have to make sure that all the browsers have their own little get user media. Because when people are developing WebRTC and the browser first off, they're thinking, well, I'm not quite sure if this is going to be the real standard. So we'll call it WebKit and we'll use get user media when the standard's sort of got finished and it's all nicely sorted. So hardly anyone actually has get user media. Everyone has their own versions. So you start off by writing this. Oh boy. Yeah, even Microsoft has their own little version.  So your first line of code starts with that. Starts, you mean, to go on as they say. And you have to do that for everything. Get user media, peer connections. I can candidate session descriptions on URL. You've got WebKit, peer connection, MS, peer connection. You've got a Moz, peer connection. So your first line before you've even started is about 50 lines, just getting around that. But that's okay. We know it now. We can do that and everything will be fine. It's just annoying way to start. Constraints. That's easy enough. You know, I would like a video, please. I would like it this big. I want it this many frames a second. Would you please give me that video? And they're called constraints. However, some browsers don't use the same set of arguments in the right way. So you have to patch them for the various browsers. Firefox 37, for example, had a little bit of a screw in the Senate, which meant you had to munge the parameters to get it working. But that's okay. We know about that. Now, we didn't at the time. When Firefox 37 came out and everything suddenly broke, no one knew why. You had to go back and look at it. And unfortunately, if you're dealing with a product which is in the wild and you have to support browsers that might include Firefox 37, you still have to cater for that version and you still have to go and munge your parameters. But that's okay. It only happened once. No one's ever going to break their code ever again in the entire future of development. So this is the only time you have to do it. Yeah, I doubt it. No, two slides are the same. Okay. So with all this template stuff that you have to do every single time, someone thought, let's do it once. And we created Adapter.js. I say, not just me, everyone in the community. So Adapter.js does all the junk that you've just seen. Handles the Mozget user media and the MSget user media and the WebKit get user media. However, Adapter.js is not the answer. It's the start of the answer. It's not that well maintained. You are very likely going to run into a bug or an issue before the maintainers of Adapter.js run into it. So you'll probably end up finding that problem and think, why is Adapter not working? It's like, well, it isn't. They just haven't caught up yet. Functionality-wise, everyone does things their own way and the is WebRTC, I'm probably sending the way, is WebRTC ready yet dot com gives you a rough breakdown of what browsers support what. So you can work around all the different problems in all the different browsers because you still have to do that. And for some unknown reason, some browsers and some implementations just like using completely different versions of code. It's a standard iterator for each is kind of standard JavaScript stuff, but this changes between browsers, between implementations. So you've got to handle that as well. And this is stuff which will exist in your user code. This is not something that Adapter.js can fix for you. You have to go, if result exists, else do this one. Oh boy, how much more code do we have to write around a standard? Well, it turns out there's more. There are bugs in some of the versions. So if you say to, if one browser says to another browser, I would like to send some video, please. If the other one doesn't say, I accept to receive your video, then it will break. There's no reason why it should break. It just will. So even if one machine you think is working fine as soon as you connect it to the second machine, but you don't have the right parameters, which you only find out by trial and error or by having bugs, then you just won't get that connection. Okay, there is so much stuff broken in this. It's surprising anything works at all. So the browser, how can you control the technology or can you control the technology or the browser versions? If you can control the browser version, that's a good thing. Previous company in mind, we did education solutions. We allowed kids in one country to talk to kids, teachers and another. And we said, if you want to use this product, you must be on Chrome version 45 or above. That wasn't because we thought Chrome 45 or above is really good. It's that we didn't have the time, patience, effort to test every other version of browser. So if you can limit that, do it. It will make your life so much easier. Do you need the mobile? Do you need... It is possible to build WebRTC on mobile. The web part of WebRTC doesn't restrict it to being a web-only platform. Most of the time it is, and it does work on mobile. But if you can get around not supporting mobile, you probably want to look at doing it. These are the first versions for what it's worth that WebRTC will support it. Again, WebRTC gives you that blurb. I'll move on, and yeah, who cares? So, the next part. So far, all we've gone through is where does WebRTC work? Which browser is working? How do you fix around problems in each browser? You have the problem. It's like, it's a communication protocol. Communication is between two or more.  Yeah, that doesn't work either. Everyone has got their own ideas about what codec they should be using. Hey, we've developed a really cool codec. We want everyone to use it. I'm an old browser. I can only use this codec. Well, use this really cool new codec. No, we can't. And some of the time you find that the browser, the browsers will communicate and say, okay then, we'll use the boring codec if you must. But it doesn't solve the problem that there will be issues with the various codecs between the various browsers. Again, if you can restrict it to saying Chrome 45 and above, you will have a much easier life. And if you say, yeah, really support everything, it's fine. The STP format, which is the session description protocol, this is the little blurb of text which says, I am a WebRTC client. I would like to communicate in this way, please. And the other machine goes, fine, I accept that. Sometimes they use slightly different formats, just enough of a different format to make your life annoying. And as we saw on the previous slides, functionality differences. If one side says, yes, I support this particular method and the other side says, I don't, you still have to cater for both and you still have to do your own implementations to get around those issues. This is very much a heritage thing. On a load of old Android devices, WebRTC was disabled by default. This is nothing you as a developer can get around. This is a UX problem. You have to teach your users that they need to switch it on. Most users do not know or care what WebRTC is. So you can't say, just enable WebRTC because they haven't got a clue. The infrastructure, this is generally the bit we excuse WebRTC from. All the stuff that sits around WebRTC is your responsibility. So if I want to have a call with you, for example, I have to have something in my app that says, I am Steve. I have logged on. There has to be something on your side where you log on and the server somewhere says, yeah, I understand who you two users are. I understand which browser you're living in and I understand how to get a message between you. That's the signaling parts, which is often quoted as being the missing part of WebRTC. It's not missing. It's not there for a reason, which is if WebRTC provided the way that signaling has to be provided, then you are stuck to using the WebRTC signaling thing and you can't do anything else. You can't do any clever stuff. You can't customize it to your application. There is no turn service by default, so you have to supply your own. A turn server is a thing which just basically sends media between one machine and another. So a lot of the time we call WebRTC a peer-to-peer protocol. So it goes from that client to that client in the browser and it doesn't even talk to a server. The problem is sometimes these users are behind firewalls. Sometimes these users have really weird configurations and the only way of getting a media stream from that machine to that machine is to go through a turn server. You send the media up to the server, it turns it around and sends it back to the other client. You need to supply those. And because media is quite an expensive protocol in terms of bandwidth, you don't get those for free. So you've got to build and supply your own turn servers. There's co-turners on open source one. It's another thing to do. If you want any kind of recording or transcoding, you want to supply that yourself. Again, not big or clever. It's just another thing to do. And once you have to do it, you have to maintain it. If you want mobile, again, you're on your own. And similarly, there's no testing for any of this. The idea of test suites kind of went out with the arc. So does anyone test their code anymore? Is that an antiquated idea still? Oh, there's three of us. Great. So there's no test for WebRTC. So if I'm trying to have a call with someone else and it's not happening, I have no way of knowing where that call is breaking. Is it because my browser is currently unsupported, is new, is broken, is old, is broken?  There is no way in WebRTC to work out where or why that call is broken. You just have to guess. Obviously, business logic would never be included in a standard. That's not its job. But there's a lot of things that I won't say management because that would be very mean to those in suits. But the problem with management is as soon as you say, oh, yeah, WebRTC, it does this. And they've read some article once and they think, oh, it's easy. It just does it all for you. It doesn't do any business logic. So things like, oh, yeah, I'm going to make a call into this website and I want it to go to the first available client specialist or support girl or support whatever. You don't actually have any of that code in WebRTC. That's all your responsibility. If you want to put a, please wait, your call is important to us, honest, you can't do that. You have to write your own stuff to inject messages into the stream. If you want it to scale, you're on your own again. As you'd expect, you've got to work out a way of saying, right, I've got a thousand people all trying to connect to each other now. What service do they, that's up to you. And again, for the fault detection, as I said, if there's a breakage in your WebRTC connection between A and B, WebRTC does not help you determine where that fault lies. So I thought, let's have a go at this. How hard can it be to build a WebRTC application just for fun? So I did. I totaled on to my machine, I opened up Sublime and I started typing. 1,800 lines of JavaScript to actually initialize things, do the whole Moz WebKit or is this MS Web, get user media or 1,800 lines. That's not a lot, but that's still a chunk of work to actually develop and maintain and get working. 1,500 lines of PHP. That's not to say PHP is bad, and I could have done it in 20 lines of Ruby, but it's a case of saying... I'm so glad someone got that. It's not to say that PHP is bad, but in order to do user discovery to say, my name is Steve, your name is Jill, I'm trying to connect to you. You need to find us now, this is, I need to send you stuff. 1,500 lines to just do basic connection to know who you are, and that's quite a lot of extra code. And that doesn't include the ROM, I just used Red Bing because it was there and it seemed simple enough. That's still quite a lot of code. And then there were custom JavaScript bits. And these are things like, you've got three microphones in your system, which microphone would you like to use? Little drop list, all those sort of things need about 400 lines of code. And that's one call between two people. That's not a room facility where multiple people could join. That's not some facility where I'm going to make a call and the first available person can answer that. That's just one call between two people. And we're looking at what? 3,500 lines of code to be built and maintained. And those 3,500 lines only work if everyone does everything right. I did not write a single error check in any of those 3,500 lines because that would double the code size easily. That's a lot of stuff you need to do for something that apparently should just work, that is a standard, that is out of the box and available. There's effort required. So it's not to say that WebRTC is bad. It's not. It's great. There is no other way that a box standard developer is able to build a Skype in a browser in an afternoon. Most people do not know enough about Codex to make this work. Most people don't know enough about transport systems to send that data over the web. They don't know enough about streaming technologies, about frames and so on. So it lowers the barrier to entry so that ordinary people like me can actually do it. Unfortunately, it doesn't lower it low enough so that you can do it safely and without a slew of bugs the very first time you try. It's very easy to get it working, but that leaves you down that path where you think, ah, I did this entire Skype in an afternoon. How hard can it be to do the next bit? Well, it turns out that it is actually quite hard to finish it, and particularly if you're working with manager types who look at it and say, well, you did all that in an afternoon. Well, you can do all these other features by the end of the week then because it doesn't work like that as if anyone ever thought it did. So that's pretty much my time. I think I've got time for questions and I can also update my scorecard. There we go. 16 done. Great. Any questions? Phew. We've got the time, so... Do you have any suggestions on how to debug these problems that you and you said to the real encounter? The tools that might help? Yeah, well, there's not that many. The biggest help is GetStats. So as part of the peer connection, there's an API called GetStats. This basically just gives you an array of parameters. It sends things like over the last second I've had this amount of jitter. There has been this amount of lost packets. It tells you that stuff is happening. It doesn't tell you where because browser is so sandbox, it can't tell you where. You have to actually start saying, okay, I need the end user to install something on their machine that then actually has that low-level access to say, well, can I, you know, like a trace for it, for example, can I see this server? Can I see the one after that? That's something else you've got to install over the top. The JavaScript API, which is all you've got to go on, doesn't give you any more than the GetStats gives you. Which is a lot. It's a good thing. You know, I've noticed this user's got this amount of jitter repeatedly. So ask them. I see a lot of problems on your line. Are you trying to download something in the background? Are tolerance running? Is someone streaming YouTube or something? And you could suggest things. But as the JavaScript API, that is the best you're going to get. Unfortunately. And from user perspective, there are other tools that are built in in the browsers that you have this inspector whatsoever that are called now. Are there other external tools that you could eventually use? Topbox did a tool which you could install into Chrome as an extension. And that would do a couple of things to help. But they're more aimed at the developer side. The developer focused user rather than an end user.  Yeah, it goes from developer point of view. Yeah, from developer then. It's Topbox do a tool which is a diagnostic thing. That has a little go at trying to work out what's going on and going wrong with the connection. You also have some services like, for instance, call stats, I think. Well, it will provide you with a small library which you can embed in your application which will send all sorts of events and data about the peer connection to their servers and then you have some analytics board where you can see stuff happening. So they piggyback a lot on get stats. But get stats, it's, as he said, inconsistent across browsers. So they normalize this so that we can give you more palatable data. For example, not affiliated. No, am I. I have met the guy and he's a nice guy, but not affiliated. Yes, one there, one there. Can you repeat the questions? Oh, yes. Are you familiar with any promising frameworks and common business logic problems that you mentioned? Not aware of any directly. There's one or two that keep popping up every now and again. Can't remember the names offhand. But yeah, just Googling open source RTC. The problem with it is that because it's businessy logic things, most people don't generalize it well enough. They start saying I'm going to build this fantastic framework and then it sort of grows with the specifics that each businessy stuff needs and it's no longer a usable framework, which is unfortunate. The thing is, I say it's effort. It's 1500 lines of stuff. It's doable. Of all the problems I think here, the business logic one is the one I'm least worried about. You said the API everybody's made their own version. Is there improvement in that at the time or we actually get instant function names rather than a version for every browser or is it just terrible forever? Yeah, so the question is are we actually moving towards a single set of API names and methods and that and the answer is we kind of are. I don't think I will be giving this talk in three years, for example, because I think by then everyone said, yeah, okay, we get it. This is what we need to do. Unfortunately by then there will be a new version of standard and everyone will be leaning towards that standard so we'll have a different problem in a future domain. But it's certainly getting better now because it's been, I mean, WebRTC started in 2011. So it's technically an old technology now and at that point it's kind of consolidated to the point where people are going, yes, we know it's a bit different but this is enough to get us moving forward so I think it's actually going quite well right now. Unfortunately, as we say, the standard keeps getting added too so all the newer stuff but the basic call-to-call is getting nicely consolidated. Oh, yes. Oh, that was all the time. Okay, I'll take it offline then if you like.


What's up everybody, it's Jason here for jasperyskatespace.com, jasperys 9 box all about the value football mixture just sold out, random divisions, numero uno, and again guys, 8 spots, all cart ship, chasing some big rookies from the last 4 years, so from 2022, 2021, 2020. Now I think this was a mistake, I don't know, I think Joe might have put this together, but if it's the last 4 years it should have been 2019. But guess what guys, if it's a mistake on our end, photo shows a 2018 box, so we're just gonna have to go 2018 now. I'll make sure to figure out what happened there, but basically we're gonna skip 2019 and go to 2018, which is definitely a better class as you can see there. But there you go guys, so that's the hits right there, and of course all cart ship, random divisions numero one. So here's the dice roller, Chad and Kyle bought those straight up, Michael, then a Michael Wanda was in the pack filler, and then AFC North down to the NFC West. Roll the dice, 6 out of 2, 8 times, good luck, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. 8 times, 6, 2, 8, Michael, then a Chad, 8 times. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. 8 times, 8 times, NFC West out of the AFC West. So Michael you have the NFC West, Kyle Jack with the AFC South, Michael P with the NFC North and AFC North. Chad with the NFC South, Rick with the AFC East, and then Chad with the NFC East and the AFC West. So there's that right there. I guess I'll leave a trade window open I guess potentially. Yeah let's just close the trade window, I don't know if anyone's going to trade. I don't want to wait too long guys, it's kind of already late so let's just close it. Here we go. So again, cute track of course of your divisions, remember it's all different years, so just remember that. We'll go with the gravity packs first and get those out of the way. So of course it's 2020. You could hit some nice stuff in here, it's very rare though with the gravity packs. More on the retail side, but there's third of these. So these ones will obviously have Herbert rookies, Burrell, Tua, Jalen Hertz, that amazing draft class in 2020 now.  He could be the next Aaron Rodgers for the Packers. So really really good quarterback draft class here, like I said you're pretty much looking for rookies, silvers. There's a slight chance of other stuff but mainly just the rookies and silvers. Oh Chad I mean honestly I was hoping you guys wanted to trade but while I was doing the order it was a couple minutes past him. Nobody responded back to you so I figured let's just close it. Pressure, that's kind of hard to live up to. Whoa we got a checkerboard, see? Told you guys we could pull some stuff in there. Actually there's a couple checkerboards. Let's take a look at these right now. Jamal Adams checkerboard, so that's one of the New York Jets AFC East. I think it's Rick, Justin Jefferson rookie, that's NFC North. Travis Kelsey Silver, Austin Ackler Hype, Jalen Johnson rookie Silver, Chicago Bears, that's NFC North. Got another checkerboard, let's see if it's a big rookie. Ben Bowden Jr. what is a rookie actually. That's for the Raiders, AFC West. Just going to Chad. Another checkerboard. Nice back to bag Raiders, Darren Waller. That's another one there for Chad. Couple checkerboards for you to start off buddy. Those checkerboards actually sell really well though they're the right players. Alright well that was fun. Let's go with a couple leaf products here. And leaf, this is all 2022 I believe. So there should be a checklist. We're going to go by that first. If there isn't then we go by college rules.  We'll start off with leaf ultimate draft. Leaf ultimate draft football 2022, 2021.  So it looks like no that so we're going to go by college rules for this one. Chezz, he didn't want any redemption but at least if it's a leaf redemption you get it back very fast. If you like leaf you don't really wait too long. And very nice the first one is actually a really great player. A little Damian Pierce. So again depending on when you send it in could be a low numbered parallel one-on-one, non numbered. Just depends. And that's going to the Houston Texans which is AFC South Kyle Jack. Tyler Van Dyke. I have no idea where he's at. Some of these guys could still be in college too so if they are we'll probably have to randomize them. If not I'll look this guy up right now. Domani Jackson, same thing here. Could be a college athlete so we might as well might have to randomize that. We got a Romeo Dobs. Which we know that of course is a Packer. That's number 48 out of 75. Romeo Dobs Packer that's NFC North going to Michael P. I know this guy from Oregon Ducks. Kavion Thibodeau going to the Giants. That is NFC East. Going to chat. Great linebacker. I guess he's outside linebacker slides at the end. Nice one there for the G-man that's going to chat. Looks like he just got a cold blunts there. Let's look at these two guys really quick. Domani Jackson is currently... Wow! Domani Jackson is not even in college yet. He's at Matter Day. Oh actually sorry. He is only 18 years old. Good Lord. He was at Matter Day though last year. Which is wild. He's a USC Trojan actually currently. 18 years old like I said won a Matter Day. Tied the California State Record for the 100 meters in a time of 10.25. Jesus. This guy's fast. So that'll be a college one. That'll be going out to everybody. And then Tyler Van Dyke. Also a quarterback in college. 21 years old. So again we'll be giving those out too. And we'll just give them out in one lot. Okay. So there you go. First ones. Next one. I'm going to double check if we have this checklist. It could be that it's like really late chat and it could be like maintenance maybe. So just also remember that. But you're right Domani. It could be going out of business right now. There's that. Let me see if there's a checklist for this. No Leaf Metal Draft 2022. Alright. It's got slack. Alright first one. Kennedy Brooks. Yeah and only affiliated with the Eagles. I don't think he's on the practice squad anymore. He was on the practice squad through the Eagles. So I think we've been giving him out to the Eagles. We have Khalil Shakir. Draft bound. Number 7 of 20. And Khalil is a receiver for the Buffalo Bills. We have Austin Stogner. Number 3 of 5. Austin Stogner is a South Carolina game cox. So that'll be randomized to everybody. We have Isaiah Likely. That is for the Baltimore Ravens E-15. Ravens Baltimore's AFC North. Which is Michael P. And wow, that is a very nice one. Geez. Bryce Young. Since we're getting a lot of these guys, we'll probably just have to give these out. And to be honest, we'll just give them out an order. I think that's the most fairest way. So this goes to number 1. Number 2. 3. And Bryce Young. Number 4 actually is a very nice one. But that's usually how we do it. So 1, 2, 3, 4. Bryce Young Redemption. That's about quarterback right there. There you go, guys. All right, done with the leaf stuff now. So now we're going to the NFL stuff. We got a Najee Harris. RPA. $299. That's for the Pittsburgh Steelers. Going to the AFC North. Which is Michael. Just go with the hybrid select. And then elements. Nice Michael Parsons. Gold Derrick Henry to 10. That is 4 of 10. 10 is the Titans. AFC South. Going to call Trey Hendrickson. AFC North. Number to 49. Got to call Tras. Disco. Tyson Campbell. Elements down. Switching gears to 2022. All right, so here we go, guys. Just get a couple of autos potentially here. We got a James Cook for the Bills. AFC East. We have a Sam Howell. That's number 9 out of 74 for the Washington Commanders. NFC East. Jamar Chase. 6 out of 70. AFC North. Electric Relic. We got Alec Pierce. Nice autograph there. Rookie Neon Science. Indianapolis Colts. AFC South. Kyle. Went down to 125. And then we got a little steel signatures. Brent Selick. Fly was fly. A NFC East. Went to Chad. Wanted to rule with the Eagles. Very good tie-in for a long time. All right. There's that box. Let's go to some clearly Donores. Then we'll go to XR Obsidian. Then we'll end up with the Contenders. Come on for the Vikings. NFC North. Michael P. With the autumn. Herbie. That's a purple. Fields. And Davis Mills. Just a purple's not a number actually. There's that. XR. O'Dell Beckham Jr. Number. The Cleveland Browns. Chas Serrat. For the Vikings. We have a Denver Bronco. Javonte Williams. Another redemption. That is a Rookie Triple Swatch Red. Trey Sermon. Again, was a 49er. At the time. He's now an Eagle. He got put on waivers. But 49ers as a rookie here in 2021. And that is NFC West. Michael with that one. Sluse here. Miles Garrett. Number 99. Paul Tras. Number to 249. Dwayne Eskridge. Number to 149. And Noah Gray. XR Auto. Kansas City Chiefs. AFC West. I'm going to chat. Two more boxes guys. This is some of the nicer stuff here. Obsidian has a chance, of course, at some nice inserts. We got J.J. Watt. And a nice Jerry Judy Supernova. It's a sweet-licking card. 10 out of 15. Some Texans. J.J. Watt. Two more. Alright guys. Isaiah Simmons. Cole Comet to 50. Nice three-color patch. Jeez. Eruption. That's NFC North. Galaxy Gear Richard Sherman. 7 out of 75. Judy's a Bronco. So that'll go to the AFC West. I'll just chat. We have Malik Harrison. That's a... AFC North to 50. Whoa, look at that. Ended off a little strong one here, right? Dua. Double by Loa. 23 out of 50. Nice RPA. Nice. Three-color patches there. AFC East. Rick Hoffman. Nice two. Final box, guys. Again, I think this should have been 19. But you guys got an even better one, 2018. So here we go. Good luck. And then we'll give out those extra college hits out as well. There better be a big hit here because this was a mistake. I know it is. Just to kind of just icing on the cake, you know? Give me a cracked ice. Josh Allen. One of the bigger quarterbacks is one time right now.  Just give me something. Josh Allen Bills. Yes, it would be actually. I mean, think of the bigger hits. I mean, yeah. Josh Allen I guess would be AFC East. AFC North for Lamar. Darno would be AFC East. Bigger Maverick would be AFC North. So actually a lot of these AFC East and North teams would dominate this. Saquon Barkley would be an ice and field chat. That would actually be pretty good. That would be NFC East. Yeah, I don't know if we want the Cardinals, guys. That's the one thing about the divisions though. It's got to have the right one. All right. Whoa. We've got a cracked ice, but it's not the guy we wanted. Deron Payne and A. Well, you've got a cracked ice chat. A rookie ticket, which these are still really tough to pull. 22 out of 24. Deron Payne. And that's a cracked ice there going to chat in the NFC East. In the flush, Rex. In the flush. Kamara playoff ticket. Saints. Alrighty, where's all these autographs? They must be in the second half, I guess. Geez. Dallas Goddard. He's actually a really good player, Chad. NFC East. Let's go. One of the top tight ends of the NFL. We got Detrez Newsom.  And Justin Jones. Rookie ticket. That's another one for the AFC West. Call this a personal box for Chad. Save yourself all this money from buying this box as a personal. It's got it for a fraction in the mixer.  Let's say that could still be a Saquon Barkley. I believe he's a redemption in this. Well, Dallas Goddard out of your four is definitely the best one. I mean, the cracked ice is nice though, but Dallas Goddard for sure. Alright, let's see. Let's take a look. Here we go. Draft class RPS. So this is actually going to be numbered. Cortland Sutton. So not Saquon. That's a Denver Bronco. AFC West. Chad. You ended up still getting it though. Oh man. So there you go. No Rex, it's just he has the... That's the biggest hit he could probably get out of here with this year. So yeah Chad, you basically got all the autos here. And Cortland Sutton's a pretty good receiver too. Just had some injury problems but... Chad, Chad, Chad, Chad, Chad. All the autos went to you buddy. And there you go folks, that was the mixer. We ended up getting some nice hits here towards the end with that nice Tua. We actually got some really good collegiate quarterbacks though in that beef metal draft but... That Tua was very nice. Got a gold. Naji. Thanks to all these right here. Cave Antipodeau. Damian Pierce. So again, this goes to number one. This goes to number two. This goes to number three. And number four gets to Bryce Ann. So there you go folks. And let's go. So we'll randomize all the names basically. And basically like I said, top four will get something extra. Roll. Two out of two, four times. One. Two. Three. Four. Boom. Four times. Michael, Chad, Michael, Kyle, Jack. So the way it played out was Michael, you're going to get the Domani Jackson, which of course is a true freshman at USC from Matter Day. He's 18 years old. Chad, you're going to get the Tyler Van Dyke. Michael, you're going to get the Austin Stogner. And then Kyle, Jack, Lasvaugh, Mojo is going to get the Bryce Young. So there you go, man. Awesome, awesome. So appreciate it folks. That was our last official group break of the night. Last official break of the night. It's coming up next. It's a little quick personal box of impeccable WWE. Appreciate you guys.


The next question is from Amanda Medekely. What's a good way to balance cardio and running with the Maps Anywhere program? Well, it depends on your goals.  Well, we did that in anywhere, right, Doug? That's done in anywhere. Yes, yes. We gave step goals, right? Yeah, yeah. We did, so that's where I was going. So what I'm figuring out for myself is that, wow, I get no steps every single day, so now I've made my goal to get about eight to 12,000 steps a day. Well, here's what I've noticed when I've done that. Yes, I've increased my need and I've increased my activity. I'm actually getting better results with my resistance training. And the reason why I'm making that argument is because sometimes I think people think we mean to say, no cardio whatsoever, because all cardio reduces muscle gains. That's not true. If it improves your health, it will probably give you a better ability to build muscle. The way that cardio gets in the way is when the cardio becomes so dominant that you're always constantly training endurance, in which case you have competing strength or endurance, and your body will give you a little bit of each, but not a lot of either one. Yeah, that's why I like the activity and monitoring activity. It's just like, it's something that, yeah, you can throw cardio in there and it could be a form of cardio, but at the same time, it's about the total amount. So the amount that you're moving throughout the day is important. It's making sure that you're getting all that, that energy expenditure, and you're able to monitor your fat, you're able to keep nice and active, get everything out of the systems working correctly. So it is a vital part to it, in terms of having intensity, the intensity, once we ramp that up, can kind of take over then that signal of strength that we're trying to promote. Well, there's two types of ways that I recommend this, and it would be based off of how this person falls.   If you're somebody who's coming to me and say you wanna do cardio because you wanna maximize burning body fat, totally different. And that, if you're asking me like that, I would handle you the same way I handle all the competitors. So anytime I train a competitor, obviously, out of all the clients I've ever trained, it's the most important word is dialed as we can be and maximizing fat burn and muscle building. So everything that we do is very methodical and that includes how do we include cardio?  What I make all my clients do is we need to know where your baseline is of movement, like Sal is alluding to with steps. Okay, so you on an average day, you only step six to 8,000 steps. So the way I start to prescribe cardio or movement, I prescribe movement first, okay, you're six to 8,000. Now I want you to get eight to 10,000 steps every single day, don't let it be less than that. And I inch them up through steps and movement. Now eventually, if you stay consistent with that, like I would if someone's been coaching with me for months and months, getting ready for a show, is I got them at six or 8,000 steps. Eventually, I've worked them up week over week over week to where they're doing like 20,000 steps in a day. Now when you're getting 20,000 steps in a day, to do that in walks can get really challenging. To only, if like if you, especially if you have a sedentary job, you sit down or you're on the computer, you're at home because of this shelter in place. If I told Sal right now, Sal would get 20,000 steps. I'd have to go on like six or seven, 30 minute walks or longer. Which would be really tough to do. It would be much easier for him to go for an hour run to get those steps. So that's how I would prescribe to clients is let's just keep increasing the steps until you have a really hard time getting those walks in and now it's becoming challenging just time consuming wise. Now I say, okay, go ahead and add a 30 minute run in there to accomplish those steps. So we still follow kind of the step rule, but now I'm allowing you to use more cardiovascular training to get to it because obviously if you walk to 10,000 steps, it takes a lot longer if you run to 10,000 steps, significantly faster if you run it. So that's how I start to introduce the higher intensity cardio is actually through steps. And by doing that, you'll see one, if you're lift totally strength training, you're doing anywhere or one of our programs, you're gonna see the benefits from the lifting as you're progressing, you're moving more so you're gonna see calorie expenditure so you should see body fat reduce. You're not sending a signal to the body that you're primarily doing cardio and it's not beneficial to have muscle on it, you're just walking. So we don't wanna start really running until later on. And that's how I recommend someone who's trying to maximize body fat loss. It's different than someone who's doing it for health. Perfect advice. And by the way, I keep getting DMs on this. Maps anywhere, yes, it's still half off. We still have it half off, the code is white 50. So if that's something you're interested in, you don't have to DM me, it's still going on, just use that code and you'll get the 50% off.


Hey guys, welcome back to our channel. My name is Andrea with Food and Mentory Adventures in Food and I am here today with a retro peanut butter cookie recipe from Bisquick. I love cookbooks and I collect them. I have this vintage cookbook from the 1960s and I saw a peanut butter cookie recipe that I'd never seen before so I wanted to try it out with you guys today. So you are going to need your Bisquick mix. You're going to need some water. You're going to need some brown sugar, some white sugar, some peanut butter and then you're also going to need some butter or shortening. Now the original recipe called for shortening. I don't have any shortening but I know that butter is a substitute for that so I have some butter right here and I will make sure to leave the recipe in the description box. So if you want to see how these cookies turn out, stay tuned. So I have my bowl here and I am going to drop in my brown sugar and my white sugar, my butter and my peanut butter and my water. I'm going to add in my baking mix. So here is my dough all mixed up and it smells really really good. I've got my pan right here so all I'm going to do is just roll up probably like an inch of cookie dough just like that. There it is. Make little rounds and I've got my oven preheated to 350 degrees. So I'm just going to do a few of these on camera and then I'll do the rest off camera. I'll just do one more and drop it down and then what I do is I have a little bitty bowl of water and I have a fork and all I do is wet my fork so that it won't stick to the dough and I just do the traditional criss-crosses.  Down, down, down and then across, across just like that. Okay I'm going to do the rest and then I will show you what they look like. So I have one pan ready to go and then I've got another one almost ready to go. The instructions say to pop these in the oven for eight to ten minutes so I am going to throw these in the oven and then I will show you what they look like when they come out. So both batches of cookies are out of the oven. I ended up baking these for 13 to 14 minutes each and as you can see there's cookies missing from each cookie sheet because Howard and I tried them. That's my husband and we both really like them a lot. Yeah so I don't usually like peanut butter cookies. Yeah he's not a peanut butter cookie person but these are really, really good. So Howard will you break one open so people can see what they look like? So there they are. It's A, let me try to focus. It's a very tender cookie and Howard you like soft cookies? Yes. And I'm into crunchy cookies and these satisfy both of us. They're not too soft, they're not too crunchy and I definitely think this will be my go-to peanut butter cookie from here on out. So I hope you guys enjoyed this video. If you did please make sure to give us a thumbs up. We do recipes, taste test, grocery hauls and what's for dinner and we'd love for you to be part of our YouTube family. Thanks so much for watching and we'll see you guys next time.


Hey, what's up? Hope you're doing well today. Take a moment to check out my newest listing. Pretty nice property, huh? So the truth is this is actually not my listing. I almost got this listing, but I was beat out by another agent. Although this doesn't happen a lot, it happens a lot more frequently than you think.   It's part of the business. There's so many agents out there and so many different personalities that people are going to connect with other people and other real estate agents differently. There's no way around this. Whenever a new agent hits me up on Instagram telling me how they lost a deal and how hard it is for them and how they don't know how they're going to recover and they're starting to become less and less motivated and they're almost feeling like they're not even going to make it a real estate. I tell them simply that that is part of the process. You're going through the same exact stages as everyone else. So how do I handle losing a listing? The first thing I do when I lose a deal is I think about it long enough to figure out what exactly I'll learn out of that experience and then I forget about it the moment that I figure out what I learned from it. It goes absolutely out of my head because I don't have enough room in my head for negativity or deals that got away or deals that aren't going to work. I have to fill my head up with positivity and deals that will work. If you watch enough of my videos you'll know that I have a strong stance on business is unlimited. There's an overabundance of deals out there for everybody. There's more than you can handle. You can't do it all. So why would you sit around worrying about a deal that got away when you can just turn around and do more deals, fill your cup up and get busy closing deals? So the first thing I do is I think about what I learned from it and then immediately forget about it and move on to more positive deals and more positive situations. The second thing I do is I think about the fact of how much future time I just got back that I don't have to spend on that deal anymore. Time is our greatest asset and losing a deal is the only situation that gives you future time back that you do not have to work on that deal anymore. You don't have to deal with signing the listing or making an offer and negotiating, putting a sign up, taking pictures, working with title companies, inspectors, mortgage people. You don't have to do any of that anymore. You can now take this future time.  You can go get five more deals. Now when I say go get five more deals here's what I mean. You can take the same time that it would have taken you to go through the process to close the deal that you lost and initiate at least five more deals. I'm not saying that you're going to close five more deals on the same amount of time. I'm saying you can take that time and initiate five more deals in the same amount of time that it would have taken you to close that deal and now you have five more deals to work on. But what I see most people doing when they lose a deal is they sulk about it or mope about it in their head and that's taking so much away from you. This is literally holding most of you back. Understand that losing deals is part of the process. Everyone goes through it. I still go through it and it's the greatest thing in the world because it gives you opportunity to create more deals. So do me a big favor. Next time you lose a deal, think about what you learned from the deal. Immediately forget about losing the deal and take that future time and go get five more deals. To end the video, here's a clip from a recent speech I did. Click subscribe and hit the bell and we'll talk to you soon. I think the biggest thing for new agents is learning a couple things. One is that losing deals is the greatest thing that can ever happen to you. Too many agents take a loss and get down on their cell because they were looking at what the closing was going to do to the bank account and then they lose the deal and they think they lost the money but really they never had the money. So what a loss actually does, a seller decides to use a different agent, a buyer backed out of a contract cold feet, no reason. Whatever the case may be, what happens is it's very incredible. The biggest thing is, well not the biggest thing but you learn something right, that's the cliche part of losing deals but let me tell you the biggest part of it. People don't even realize, what's more valuable than money? Time.  It's your most valuable asset. When you lose a deal, now you get future time back that you don't have to spend on that deal anymore. This is where people really, I lose them a little bit. The future time that you get back, that you don't have to deal with signing that listing, meeting them, taking the pictures, putting the sign up, putting the lock box, dealing with the agents, want to show it, negotiating the deal, going on the closing, inspection, financing. You don't have to do all that anymore on that situation. You get all those hours, hours back and now you can take that new knowledge you got from whatever you learned, why you lost the deal. Now you're a better agent because you learned something but you got hours of your life back where you can take that new knowledge and go get five more deals in the same amount of time, right? If you realize that everything in real estate is a win-win, like there's no way to lose, that's when you really start to understand if I can get that inside new agent's head, then I think I could really have a shot at helping them succeed because they can just power through, okay, I'm doing deals, I lost that one cool, okay, I got that one, okay, I lost that one, you know, and just keep moving forward and you get, and you understand and you take advantage of the future time you got back instead of moping. You can always notice a losing agent always talking about the deal that got away, the inspection that went back, the financing that fell through. That's what they're talking about in the office. When I hear that I'm like, oh lordy, they're not gonna make it, right? So concentrate on the deals that are working, forget about the ones that fell fell apart and use that future time.


The study aimed to improve the corrosion behavior of milligram ul alloys in also pedic applications by introducing cow via selective laser melting SLM. Results showed that cow reacted with milligram and ul, suppressing the formation of coarse milligram 17 ul 12 phase and promoting the formation of milligram ul 2ca phase. The rapid solidification during SLM promoted homogeneous precipitation of the second phase, which effectively protected milligram grains from corrosion solution invasion. As a result, the degradation rate was reduced from 0.073 to 0.031 milligram cm2h1 and az61-9 cow exhibited good cytocompatibility, making it a promising candidate for orthopedic implants. This article was authored by Seju and Shui, Chongxian He, Liangxiu, and others. We are article.tv, links in the description below.


But you can't ever judge a book by its cover because internally I've got some major stuff going on and it definitely has pain going on internally and people with cancer sometimes you wouldn't even think that what's going on inside and it's like oh my god. So you do the clock? That's not a five minute timer. That's a five minute timer, I believe it. Yeah, so my name is Ty. Ty, hi I'm Heather. Hi Heather, it's nice to meet you. I have a hobby where I talk about anything anyone wants to talk about for five minutes. I think it's important to show if anyone can talk to each other. Is there anything that you really are motivated by or like something like you really want to talk about or strongly believe or like a movie that you just saw or something like that? I'm actually kind of motivated right now about my health. Oh, okay. It's just getting it in check because I've got health issues. Okay. So I've got, also I am motivated by getting my little girl who's mouthy getting her in check but my health is at issue so I'm trying to get that in check so I've also had a colitis. What does that mean? It's where your colon, it's autoimmune disease and your colon can flare up at any time and so getting that under control is a big motivator for me. Okay, okay. How do you go about doing that? Is it like walking or like a medicine that you take? It's medicine, it's stress management. Stress management? Mm-hmm. I can learn some stuff from that.  By not letting things get me stressed out. If anyone could do that, that would be like the best book slash music tape slash whatever. What's kind of tips to like keep your stress in check? Well, finding it struggling especially with children that a child that sometimes doesn't want to listen. I can imagine.  Oh, you're fine. And didn't want to help pick it up. So managing stress is one and trying to come out here today, which we haven't done in a long time and going on a walk is something we are trying to do and start. Nice. So also I do, I'm a veteran. Oh, thank you for your service. My whole family is military. Oh, is it? My whole family is military. Okay, even yourself? Not myself, though, but I work for the government. Oh, you do? What do you do? I'm a scientist. I'm breaking down the chemical weapons in Richmond. Oh, wow. Yeah. Okay. Nice. All right. Wow. But yeah, so I'm medically retired because I'm having ulcerative colitis. Okay, okay. So it actually made me have to get out of the military. I was in the Navy, so it's something that's, you know, it doesn't go into remission for me. So I have to get medical infusions or infusions at the VA here at Cooper. So, and then I get therapy as well. So, but, you know, trying to stay healthy is an issue. And so also my mom has a health issues as well. We are wanting to try to start walking and bless you. And so, you know, that's something we're trying to do.  Can I ask you a question? Yeah. Why are you going through any of this trouble? Why is it important for you to stay healthy? Because if I don't, my stress will go up really high and this can get more. I control my ulcerative colitis. It can flare up really bad. And if it does, it could be to a point where ulcerative colitis can lead to, if you don't get it under control, it can lead to a serious flare. Or, and as you get older, you can, it can actually lead to cancer if you don't have it. Ah, I see, Aki. It could be life-threatening. Yes, yes. Okay. So not only is it really painful, but it could shorten the amount of time that you have with your family and stuff like that. Oh, yeah. And also to, you know, my mom, she just had surgery not too long ago and I had to help her with that. So I felt responsibility to help not only my little daughter, but my mom as well. But it's, if I don't take care of myself, I can't help out anybody. So. You know, what's interesting is, like I show some of these videos to a lot of different people. And when you look at a person, you can't necessarily judge, like, what they would say. Right. And then say they don't look sick. Yeah. Yeah. But they could be really, really managing a medical situation. Oh, yeah. What do you think would be good as, like, an advice to people who, like, look at someone and, like, make an assessment based on their views?  You don't know what's going on inside internally. I try every day now to just at least try and get up and, you know, get ready. You have to, really, for my daughter because she's got a long life to lead. Yeah, she appreciates the investment you're making, for sure. Especially, you know, I still have a long life to lead too. It's like, I've got to do something, but you can't ever judge a book by its cover because internally I've got some major stuff going on and it definitely has pain going on internally. And people with cancer sometimes you wouldn't even think that what's going on inside and it's like, oh my God, you know, but, you know, the internal pain I've got going on, it's a struggle every day to get up sometimes. And, you know, I've had a lot of people say, well, you look okay. It's like, you have no idea what has to, you know, go through every day to get up because, basically, there are days, it's almost every day I don't feel like getting up and getting out of bed, but, and, you know, it's kind of hard just being here, but, yeah, you can never judge somebody just by looking at them. I guess it would be the last question. Do you think if people took more time to understand people on an apathetic level and weren't judging based on their appearance, it would be less stress, which would be even better for your situation? Oh, yeah. Is that a fair? Yeah. Oh, yeah.  Her hair's died. Her hair looks good. What are you talking about? Yeah. It's a, you know, if somebody... Oh, it's kind of white. Oh, I just shaved it today. That's right. Oh, that's right. Yeah. What about that? Yeah.   It actually does help you, you know, feel better. So if you put on some makeup... It puts you in the right mindset. Yeah. It does psychologically make you feel better. So if you sometimes, if you fake it until you make it, that's kind of mind over matter stuff. Yeah. It kind of puts you in the right mindset. I'm totally fine with that. It does. So you kind of have to do that. And you got to treat yourself too. Yeah. Yeah. If you don't, because if you feel, you know, it's, you know, if you don't get some of those things done, it's, it really does, it can help you. I think so. Yeah. It can really help you if you do some of those things.   And I'm like, it infuriates me when I hear that sometimes because I'm like, you have no idea. That could be even more exacerbating, like comets like that, that make, that is its own cycle of stuff. Yeah. What we need is more people just willing to be like, hey, I don't know what your situation is. I'm willing to ask questions. Right. Right. And I don't know until they figure it out. Yes. Exactly.  Yeah. So you got your degree in biology? Biochemistry. How'd you know? Wow. How'd you even go for biology? That's pretty good. Well, because I've got a couple of degrees of biology. Oh, look at you. Yeah. And I have my degree in biology, too. Would you want to do a quick chat with me? No. It's up to you, Mom. It's up to you. Okay. Yeah. Do I have to talk myself and tell myself? Yeah. Oh, yeah. Do you ask questions? I ask questions. Do you want to do it now? Or do you want to wait until we come back? You can do it. No. Let's do it. No. Okay.  No. Oh. That was a great chat, Heather. I really appreciate it. Oh, yes. Nice to meet you. Tell me your name. My name's Ty. Ty. Yes. And I think people will really enjoy that. Oh, thank you. Yeah, for sure. I like that name. Yeah. Ty, suit you. Thanks. I appreciate it.


where we discuss solutions to issues that impact sports. I'm your host, Angela Hazelett. Today's guest is Kevin Gibson, the co-founder of VA Momentum. We are here to discuss VA Momentum running races, setting the pace. Welcome, Kevin. Thanks so much for having me. It's great to be here with you, Angela, and I'm looking forward to the conversation. It's well, Kevin. I know you have a really interesting business in VA Momentum. You coordinate multiple running races. As well as a monthly running group known as Run, Sweat, and Beers. And your races include a kid's one-mile mud race. You have several 5Ks all the way up to a half-marathon distance. Your first running race, I know, took place in 2012, which was the Valley Fourth Run. So tell us the backstory of what led you to found VA Momentum. Yeah, so you're exactly right. We kind of cover a wide range of different styles of events, which we really love. And the idea was kind of born out of a friendship that developed between my now business partner and I back in kind of 2010, 2011 timeframe. We met each other. We were working in the same office at a university in Virginia. And we shared this bond over kind of being kids who weren't super healthy growing up. We didn't participate in sort of running events or running, but we had kind of discovered a new interest in it. And we would go work out over our lunch breaks at a rec center and kind of got into running and signed up for this running event that was nearby, went and participated, and then thought to ourselves on the drive back, wow, we should build something like that in the community where we live. And so the idea was we would just do a one-time event. In 2012, we would take in money and then we would give that money back to charity once it was all done. And then we would kind of check the box of, hey, now we organized one of these events that we said we would never do and now we're excited about participating in. And so you're exactly right. 2012 was the first time that we hosted an event and since then have had the opportunity to grow into much more. So you went all in. You went from let's just do a race to now let's put one together. And what brought about the 4th of July as the Naught Girl event? Well, we've always been really big on partnering with the community and making sure that we weren't just doing something that we thought should be done in the community where we live, but instead that we built partnerships and relationships with the right folks in town to make sure that, hey, what we were doing was not just a sort of selfish thing, but instead was something that was a rising tide that rose all ships. And so we came to 4th of July, honestly, because we pursued the city about doing an event in town and their response to us at that time was, hey, we already closed the streets down on 4th of July for sort of the 4th of July celebrations. What would you think about being kind of a cornerstone morning event to kick off the full day of celebration here in town? And so that's ultimately how we landed on 4th of July was that it worked for us. We liked the holiday concept because people are already off of work. They're already thinking about doing things with their families, things like that. And so ultimately it worked out well for the community also because it was a day where the resources from the city were already being used in a certain way that would also be advantageous to hosting a running event like we wanted to do. That's incredible. And so it sounds like they were really receptive to you hosting that event. Probably had a lot of all resources already in place and maybe that reduced cost for you for that first year. So that sounds like a winner all around. And how did that first event go? It kind of blew our expectations out of the water and it was the largest event of its kind in our area the first year that we hosted it and we were blown away. And ultimately I think what's almost more interesting about it though and was more pivotal to our story was that what happened after the event was essentially that the community members, people who lived here, said to us continually after that, when's the next thing? What are you doing next? What can I add to my calendar? Things like that. And so that matched with we really found a joy and a love for doing it meant that we kind of had this sweet spot of people are asking for it and we really enjoyed hosting the event. And we're not book smart event planners. We didn't study this. So I always make sure I mention that to people that this isn't something that I had a background and really before this, we were kind of, as we like to joke, we were building the plane as we flew it essentially. And there's some pros and cons to that which we can get into if you want to. But again, the first year was really successful but what was interesting to us was actually what happened afterwards as being almost more important which was people kept saying, when are you doing another one?  Let's do another one. And I think probably helps that there was not a lot of competition in that space at that time. And so I know you have a reputation of adding little touches to make your events memorable. What can you tell us about how you make your events unique? We always try to kind of think of it from this perspective of like, what's the plus one that we can talk about when we market the event? So I'm always big. My business partner Alan always kind of knows the question is coming from me when we're entering into a planning phase for something when I sort of ask this question of like, what's the narrative? If you were going to tell somebody about it in one sentence and obviously as time has gone on, you have less time to tell people about what it is you want them to hear just because of social media and other things like that. But so I'm big on this thing of what's the narrative? Like how are we going to tell the story? Like we're having a 5K on July 4th and we're going to have a 50-foot inflatable slip and slide at the finish line so that anybody who's finishing fast can come across and just hit the slip and slide, go into a big pool of water. It's safe. Everybody's laughing. Everybody's having fun. That's kind of the plus one for that event. We at some of our more, I would say, physically challenging events, we've tried to kind of think through this component of what would match best with our mission, which has to do with serving the former versions of ourselves who wouldn't want to participate in these types of events.  For example, we do a race at a mountain nearby where we race participants from the bottom to the peak and about halfway through, they have to stop and complete a kind of a mental challenge. Almost think about the show Amazing Race or something like that. You have to do something before you can move along on the course. And so the idea for us there is it's a little bit of an equalizer. That's kind of the plus one when we can tell the narrative of the event. We can say, hey, we got this really cool race up the mountain.  And you may be able to do that faster than the person who can run faster than you up the mountain. And so we love to do those little things at our Thanksgiving morning event. We have a pumpkin pie tasting station similar to a water station. But for most people, much more fun on Thanksgiving morning. So as you're on the course that day, you can grab a little piece of pumpkin pie as you're running past that station. And so again, that's for your turkey trot event that you host. Yeah, that's exactly right. And so those are the kinds of things that we do to try to think through. If I was talking to somebody on the street about why they should do the turkey trot, we might say it's because the mayor of town pardons a live turkey. And then we have pumpkin pie samples on the course. I mean, honestly, who wouldn't want to participate in that? That sounds amazing. Do you actually get to run in any of your events that you put on? You mentioned this shift of going from being unhealthy to healthy. So how much are you able to participate? Yeah, it's funny you ask. I've never participated in one of my own events or one of our own events. We were scheduled to run our first one in 2020 actually. We had laid out this challenge for that event that I was just mentioning, the race from the bottom of the peak to the top where it's a team event, so you do it with a partner. And we were challenging people to see if they could beat us up the mountain essentially. And if they could beat us up the mountain, then they would get an extra prize or something like that. I forget exactly what it was at the time, but didn't end up getting a participate in it as a participant and kind of took it as a sign maybe it's not meant to be. If you're organizing the event, you probably shouldn't be running it anyway. And so we haven't had a chance to do that. And that was because of COVID? The event typically would have been in May of 2020, but it was canceled because of COVID. Yeah, well, let's dive into how COVID impacted your business. So tell us what that was like for you because this is your entire business model as to host these running events and things shut down for a while. So what did that look like for VA Momentum? Yeah, we're so fortunate. I mean, honestly, we're in the business of bringing people together in large groups, right? I mean, the model of the businesses come together, the more people, the better, the more community vibes there will be. And so the rug of that was pulled out completely from underneath of us. And so I think the first phase was sort of very reactive, right? Like we were in very much the mode of we've never canceled events before. We've always had plan Bs. And so just flat out cancelling events with no real option for anything that anyone could do to stay involved was a really tough time for us. I think it's the first time we've ever really thought to ourselves, wow, we really may not make it. And we had been in this trajectory of you mentioned before, the 2012 was our first event, 2015 and 16 was when my business partner and I came on full time. And so between 2016 and 2020 was really that, when you think about sort of business models, it was kind of the hockey stick time where we were moving, we were exponentially growing. And so it was really difficult in 2020 to kind of then be in a stage where we flatlined. And the nice thing is though, and why I said right at the beginning, because this is genuinely my automatic response that we're so fortunate that the community showed up again in the same way they did in 2012 when I mentioned, they said to us, how can we continue to have a feeling of belonging and a feeling of community, even though we can't get together in person and they look to us to answer that question for them in the similar way that we had served that purpose for them in their regular lives. And so we pivoted to a virtual series. And a lot of people were doing virtual series in the running world at that time kind of by necessity, but the one thing that, the one sort of, I guess I would maybe bring it back to the whole plus one thing that we did was we moved, we went to a subscription model. And so we offered people the opportunity essentially to subscribe and then know that they would get specific pieces of content from us on a regular basis. But then also that we would provide virtual events on a rolling basis as well. And so we had a great number of people that signed up to participate. It gave us a purpose. I mean, this was one of these like the epitome of a reciprocal relationship things, you know, like our purpose was kind of stripped away when COVID first hit because we weren't able to get people together. But then we provided this subscription-based virtual program and it gave us a lot of purpose. And then it gave the people who joined the program something to do to feel like they were still a part of something. And we were, you know, we were kind of finding together what was going to work best. And that was really successful and really kept us afloat financially during COVID as well. Absolutely. What were the subscription? You mentioned the subscription model, but you mentioned having some content that was going to be provided in addition to the virtual races. So what kind of content did you supply that you felt like was your plus one for your members? It's a great question. Yeah, we two of the things that were kind of cool that we did was we did what we called the VAM video challenge which we provided once a week and VAM short for VA momentum. And actually, Alan, my business partner and I would get on Zoom just like this and record a essentially like a unique type of exercise-related challenge that we were asking people to complete that week as kind of just motivation to do something. So let's say, for example, around Valentine's Day or something, we would say, hey, go for a run this week. And while you're on your run this week, think about somebody that you love that you'd like to go for an exercise with you next week. And then we had some ways that people could post these things virtually to kind of invite like almost like back in the day when you would back in my day, I guess anyway, a long time ago. But you would send like a Valentine's note to invite somebody and say circle yes or no or whatever. And so we would help facilitate these kind of fun challenges that were lots of times thematic around, like we did a Halloween themed one where we gave people an option to participate like they could pick, trick or treat. And then it would reveal certain things that they could do while they exercise. And so anyway, it was all based in fun. And then the other one we did was we did it once a month. We would do these prize wheel fun runs where we just would sort of surprise announce that today was the prize wheel fun run. If you went on at least a three mile run or walk, your name would be entered into a hat to spin a prize wheel on Zoom live with us that had all of these really cool prizes. We were giving away like shoes and Amazon gift cards and subscription to like runner's magazine and these kinds of things. And so again, the idea was like, if on any random given day in a month, you're part of this community of let's say 500 people that are participating in a prize wheel fun run. And then you think you might have a chance to win a prize and then you get to watch somebody else on Zoom, spin the wheel, we were doing all of that live and everything. Anyway, those were kind of the add-ons that we tried to create to provide an extra sense of, hey, I'm subscribed, the series had a name, it was called the Forward Series, kind of based on this thought of thinking forward and all that sort of stuff. So anyway, it was a blast for us and I think people had a good time and we started it out only thinking it would be six months and then we extended it six months because kind of like everything in COVID didn't know when it was gonna end. And so when it came time for the six months to be over, people are like, COVID's not gone. Right, and we're not really completely free of COVID and maybe we never will be, but how you rely on sponsors and you give back to the community. So this is the connected community that you operate here and how have the sponsors fared through this time? Have they been able to come back and give their full support to your races now and have you been able to give back to the community in the same way pre-COVID? That's another great question. The sponsors have thankfully stood by our side throughout. We had a couple of sponsors who told us during the pandemic that their businesses were doing well because they were in an industry that was still doing well during COVID and so they wanted to continue to sponsor even if we weren't doing the same event that they sponsored before. So we had some new folks even step up and say, hey, we want to support what you're doing because we're still doing well and a lot of those folks have stayed on board as well after the pandemic. And then others, we kind of made a couple of strategic decisions even during COVID where we knew we were thankfully supported by a lot of local restaurants and of course we knew during COVID times were really tough for them. And so there were some events we hosted where we said to them, hey, we don't expect you to financially support us this year but because of the long-term partnership, we'd love to still include you as a title sponsor or presenting sponsor for the event and then let's revisit it again next year. And so thankfully a lot of those relationships and it goes back, I mean, it's all about relationships 100% at the end of the day. Again, kind of thinking back to how this even came about to begin with. And so we're really fortunate in terms of how sponsors have stood by us throughout and so everything is so unpredictable still, what people are excited about and their spending habits and all these things. I mean, we can talk about that till we're blue in the face but we're still kind of at this point trying to figure out participant behavior and what the interests are moving forward. And I wouldn't say we have our hands on it yet but we did create a half marathon you mentioned earlier which we'll be hosting the first of this in about a week and a half actually and the response to that has been super positive. And so it's nice because when you get something that gets a really positive response it makes up for the ones where you're like, what happened on this one? This one used to be really popular and now nobody wants to do it anymore. Yeah, yeah, something changed. And you mentioned about the relationships and how important they are and you've established a lot in the community where you live and primarily operate but you have a lot of races that are out of state as well. You have some in North Carolina, Florida, Washington, D.C. and some that are even kind of further away from your home base. So talk to me, how do you establish these relationships and navigate the process of launching an event that is far from your home base? We were really lucky back in the day or not back in the day but back in sort of the early phases of the company kind of in that 2015 to 2019 timeframe where we kind of rode this wave of the craft beer industry was growth was exploding and at the same time it was nice to pair sort of exercise with the breweries and as the breweries were developing their identities they were interested in having an identity some of them that were was associated with working out and exercise and sort of the active community. And so a lot of what we did to grow our out of state events was we would build relationships with breweries which in and of itself is a pretty tight knit community and as we would host events close to home but maybe a couple hours away from home we would get recommendations of other places where maybe we would consider doing this stuff and so those people would pass along their contacts and things like that and so we were really fortunate in terms of the way that brewery relay series event called the Growla Relay grew because we were getting a chance to sort of ride the wave along with the breweries to matching with sort of the active community in the craft beer community and so the relationships came every time we had an event we were meeting people and then they were introducing us to other people and things like that. The marketing piece is definitely tricky and we've struggled honestly with that since COVID because we lost a couple years of relationships in places outside of town where we weren't able to visit them or host those events it was much easier to maintain our relationships with our local community members than it was with the people who were out of town and so we're still kind of picking up the pieces from that and it's kind of a mixture of I think social media targeted marketing paid marketing there email distribution lists we do a lot with text messaging not sort of spammy text messaging but more so we let people know when they sign up for events that that's a way that we like to get in touch with them and people respond really positively to that and so we use text message a lot of times for marketing and things like that too but I'd be lying if I didn't say we've struggled a little bit in the out of town areas since we've since we've been back from COVID but yet have the the areas that are close even if they're out of town but slightly closer to home those are the ones that are that have come back quicker than the ones that are say you know 10 or 15 hours away so there's kind of a dichotomy of racers there's the non-competitive and then the competitive side so do you primarily cater to one or the other or do you feel like your events offer kind of a balanced interest for all levels of competitiveness? Yeah I sort of smirk at this because I think I like to think that we appeal to a wide range of folks but I know that the correct answer is that we certainly err on the side of being welcoming to all skill levels of all backgrounds being known for being not so much a competitive racing company but more a community building company we could call it our mission is energizing communities for good and so when we talk about good we we mean sort of for the long haul to encourage people to be active over time and that there's always something next we can point to to say here's the next event that's coming up and we do a mud race for kids there's a picture of that on the screen and so we're totally about making sure that all types of people from all varieties of backgrounds are welcome at our events because again if you think back to the why for us goes back to our own personal stories and we weren't necessarily like I was like I have to catch myself I don't want my parents to think that I run around like telling people that they raised me unhealthy but I just we just weren't my business partner and I just weren't that into this type of stuff and it wasn't a priority for us at the time and so we want the former versions of ourselves to feel the feel welcome at our events and so we have professional chip timing and you know we give out medals for first place finishers and things like that and so it's absolutely necessary as a business to have both we have to appeal to competitive runners and to the masses alike but for us it's always been more of our wheelhouse to appeal to a whole family grandparents and all who want to come to the turkey trot or you know family wants to celebrate New Year's Eve early with a glow run and a you know a ball drop that happens sort of early as a celebration for kids as part of a running event and so that's that's I smirk about it because I know the answer I want to make sure we appeal to everybody but I think we would have some super competitive people who might say like come on you guys definitely air to the to the like fun stuff well and Kevin you have a half marathon coming up and I would imagine this is going to appeal to a lot more of the competitive runners since there has to be quite a bit of training to be able to finish a half marathon so talk to me about some challenges you've encountered in planning this this is a new new distance new format for you and so what kind of challenges have you encountered yeah it's all it's everything on another level right so many more nights waking up in the middle of the night thinking about do are we going to have enough porter potties are we covered on our insurance bases all of those kinds of things and so it's everything really to the next level and really I think one of the things that I would say most about that is from a risk management perspective we just really need to make sure because the event has a much larger footprint that everything is covered from an emergency response perspective and so not that at our other events it's not but again smaller footprint you can you can kind of dial in on those needs a lot more quickly at some of our more traditional five k's and things like that whereas this event is larger and covers a much much wider range but it's a it's it's it's everything kind of to the next level it costs more for participants to sign up so they expect more we want to deliver in a very thorough and positive way and want to make sure that it's an amazing experience for them it also has potential the half marathons and marathons are tourism and economic development factors for communities and so people come and stay in hotels and spend money at local restaurants and things like that and so we want to make sure the first year especially is a home run so that next year it can be even more successful and have even more people come and check it out and and speak positively about it and this is this is a this is the type of event where if you don't do it right people will say it wasn't great if you do it really well then people will also say hey that town puts on a pretty great half marathon and uh and we want it to definitely be that way so we're absolutely about it yeah and great response that's great um the 2014 Maui marathon they had an incident where there was an intoxicated driver that drove a vehicle vehicle through a crowd of runners you mentioned risk management concerns so do you look to what happens and other venues other events to inform how to best protect your your participants definitely you probably saw me take a deep breath when you mentioned the the person driving through the crowd we right before Thanksgiving of last year at our event that has a few thousand people at it we you know on closed down streets in the middle of our downtown was what there was an incident in another state where there was a parade happening and somebody drove through the crowd and so we definitely keep tight line of communication with the local officials and public works departments and public safety departments just to be sure that we're paying attention to what other communities are doing in response to these kinds of things to make sure that we're doing everything we possibly can do to make the event safe I mean participant safety is way more important at the end of the day than spoonfuls of pumpkin pie or things like that and so we we do always kind of go back to not reinventing the wheel but we do ask the question at every event are we meeting the safety protocols that we need to make to make sure it's a safe event because it's an ever changing environment and so we definitely definitely are always trying to stay at the front of that because it's most important to us and we've had we've had incidents at our event with scares of not necessarily as extreme as of vehicle driving through a crowd but you host running events it's it's likely that you'll have health issues or heart attacks or things like that and so you've got to really be ready with a standard operating procedures for what happens when these things happen and then tight communication with the local officials absolutely absolutely well Kevin this has been very illuminating and I'm glad that COVID didn't take your business down that you're still be energizing the community for good so we appreciate VA momentum running races that you're setting the pace for our community so thank you to our viewers for joining us today on the sports playbook in two weeks our guest is Katie Baker from USA curling who will discuss the growing sport of curling well we'll see you then thank you so much for watching think tech Hawaii if you like what we do please like us and click the subscribe button on YouTube and the follow button on Vimeo you can also follow us on Facebook Instagram Twitter and LinkedIn and donate to us at thinktechHawaii.com Mahalo


That gives explanation of now microeconomics and macroeconomics. So here we are going to explain what is microeconomics. As we see the word microe that was derived from a Greek word again with the phonics of the microe but with different spelling and here microe means the small unit or the small entity. So with the inclusion of this micro the combination of micro with economics it came that school of the thought or that system or rules or the laws that were utilized for the management of small units of the economy and these small units can be the consumption unit these small units can be the production unit and these small units so mostly this microeconomics now can be explained with the study of the individual consumers and with the study of the theory of the firm with the individual producers. So the study of behavior of the individuals decision making into the firms or in the form of the consumers and at the same time when we say the producer they can be the owner of various resources so a person who is owning the resource of a land that will be one part if he is owning certain amount of the money or the wealth that he is going to lend for the further production to the others so he is the resource owner of the credit even he will be dealing like this so when these factors of the production and the consumption we have to deal there should be certain market signals or in other words these market signals it should be quantifiable. So if we say here everything that will be in the economy we will not give it a value so to give that value we have to measure that commodity that resource that labor. So if we say the aid of that measurement then we say that that is the price price of that resource price of that good so in microeconomics mostly price determination concept will be developed and microeconomics which is it was this term was first utilized by a Norwegian economist Ragnar finished and microeconomics which is explained if we see so we have never seen in economics so our biggest three questions were to produce how to produce and how much in three questions on individual level how to deal with firms and individuals and to answer those questions which procedures will be used this all study it will come under the school of microeconomics so it analyze the behavior of the economic agent it underlying the supply and the demand issues it provides the pricing of the concept and at the same time when we say there are the various types of the market so the behavior of the market that either the market structure will be in the form of single unit and having the full control mean monopoly or there will be the combination of the two in the form of oligopoly or there can be any other when there will be the many factors of the production owned by the many many owners and there can be many firms in the market so these are the various structure of the firms or the market that we will be studying here so in this diagram we can say that broadly microeconomics will be explained under factor pricing where all the factors of production they will be included and the other side when we say that it will be the commodity market it will be explaining the product pricing when it will be the product pricing here again the products its demand from the consumer has to be studied and how the theory of supply will explain the supply of the output when it will come under the factor pricing the four aspects that we will be dealing that the factors if they will be labor they will be mired through their wages if there will be any type of the building or the land its premium will be paid in the form of the rent if there will be any type of the money resources in the form of the wealth so what will be the cost of those resources that will be in the form of the interest and then what will be the profit and by those factors of production and redistribution or the distribution of this resource that will be studied under welfare economics and this concept was mostly explained in the form of the normative economics by the PGO so under the microeconomics when we say what type of the theories we will be dealing so there will be the theory of consumer behavior so this theory of consumer behavior will provide insight to the individual that how they will make their choices how they will limit their income for the attainment of their wishes and how the prices of the goods and the services they will be determined for the output when we will come to the theory of production here the decision that how the firm they will allocate their budget or the available resources for the production of their output and then how they will decide and prioritize their resources as per their productivity and as per its pricing and as per its cost so these aspects that will be dealt under the theory of the firm and what was the level of the technology available to them and when we say the market structure here we will study what is the market structure what are the rules to run that market what are the resources of the available to that market either all the resources or the factors of production they are owned by a single firm either the sources they are shared by any other thing or either these resources they are the property of none yes it can be the firm when certain resources they are owned by the public so there can be the public goods and this public good concept will come again under the welfare economic and when we will say the theory of factor pricing so how the prices of factors will be decided either the factor they are made properly sometimes these factors they are not made properly in the form of the that phenomena when there will be no market this is exactly the same example which we say that since the sun is available for everyone and this is public good and its market is not available so its pricing is not possible but in comparison if we look at the other side then irrigation water or apashi water which is available to people through our rivers and rivers so we consider it as a factor of production on a very subsidized price but when this water is not in the rivers then to apply the water once on the tube as much as it costs then the same price or cost of 1-1.5 inch water becomes much more in the form of the opportunity cost so such factors of production are sometimes difficult for us for which the market is not available and similarly in factor pricing there are some resources that are not tradable which we cannot trade like land it can be in one area and we can transfer it and not take it anywhere else so when we study all these factors we will do them in theory of factor pricing and when we see that various entrepreneurs, various producers are actively playing a role in the market and in that active role they look at the strategic moves, they look at the competition and when they look at the competition they assess that how much price will my competing firm bring to the market and if this price will bring to the market then what will be the response of consumers and in the response if its demand increases then what will be the difference between my output and my supply and in response what strategy should I adopt so if we look at this competition to deal with the strategic moves adopted by our mohleaf entrepreneurs and the producers and the outcome of its consequences or loss this will come under the game theory