We're connecting to the cloud server and Oleg has already said that he likes our our Facebook streams, so there we go. We've got a vote of support from Oleg from Norway So I'm recording now and I'm going to Start the webinar now so You've got there's four minutes for the start So it's occur. It's over to you now. We're now live Yeah, we started short before, you know Good So we're live now You're late. So if you could Just detect my wife's just got to mute her her computer here. Could you just turn the Volume off. I've just got to go help. Oh, we've got some chat in the chat room. So Zaku we've got another three minutes. We've got a few people coming in Amanda. How Welcome Amanda. Yeah, welcome to drip thought Yeah, yeah, we're just all assembling at the moment. It's lovely to see people starting to come in We've got 26 participants. So We'll just wait for Those who are registered to be able to come in While we're doing that just to note we've got over 400 registrants for this so Hopefully a large number of those people be able to join us Hello, everyone greetings from Bangladesh and Very shortly we will start. Can you start rose? Zaku we've got 31 participants. I think you should leave it till shortly after Yeah, just to make sure we're not starting before those that want to join. Yeah Ken we've got Ian Cooper. I notice and Truth up from Bhutan. Welcome Welcome Professor Kanabala to Yeah, kind of Malaysia I think just and we have the Bruce just tell me and it's right time to start. I think we'll just wait for a few more participants to join us as a cool so We've got quite a few coming in at the moment. We've got quite a lot registered. So we'll Maybe if we just give them a minute or two to to just join us and then we can go from there Hello, so dear you're gonna join with us In Cooper's just noticed that the chat is set to go to the panelists only We can certainly You can choose the option set to panelists and attendees So please feel free to do that Bruce is Roger here. I'm hearing an echo Yeah, sorry, that was that was Facebook my apologies I was I had Facebook on that screen and me on this screen. So just so everyone knows is a Live feed on Facebook So If anyone is having trouble with the webinar themselves, you can go to rural Walker and and join in there so Bruce Okay, we've we've got about 46 participants. I think we should start going so I'll hand Yeah, whenever you're ready If everyone else could mute their microphones, that would be great Greetings from Bangladesh on behalf of 17th onca while rural health conference. It's now on stage all set for you. So I end over to Today's muster of the ceremony Please go ahead Getting from Bangladesh on behalf of 17 onca world world health conference 2020 Dhaka Bangladesh. I Would like to welcome you all from home and abroad. I would like to invite our community speaker Roger steter family chair onca working party on rural health topic on Training for rural practice 25 years onwards and upwards before our keynote speech Let's have a glimpse of On beautiful Bangladesh on the screen Let's we enjoy it Thank you Bangladesh has been marching towards success against all odds since the liberation of 1971 Our story is the story of relentless progress We have made several achievements in the health sector by reducing child mortality of five years and below five years and Improving maternal health Bangladesh has fulfilled the millennium development goals ahead of time However Bangladesh had to strive to cross a long road to come to this position For any kind of medical treatment villagers had to come to town With the dream to deliver healthcare at every doorstep of the masses in the remote areas of the country Honourable Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina Started the community clinic in 1998 under the health and population sector program so far over 50 million people have benefited with care from community clinics and this number is still growing With the contribution of land and active participation from the locals and with the technical support from the government 13 thousand four hundred and fifty community clinics now give service to almost Five lag 40,000 people daily its value is growing with time Overall management and promotion of the community clinic is catered by the local inhabitants The government provides a community health care provider a family welfare Assistant and a health assistant through six weeks theoretical and six weeks practical training Along with the necessary medicines Every day from 9 a.m. To 2 p.m. The following services are provided treatment of minor ailments common diseases and first aid screening of chronic and non communicable diseases integrated management of childhood illness expanded program on immunization nutritional education and micronutrient supplements health education and counseling reproductive health and family planning services There are also other programs for maternal and new NATO healthcare services Community clinic health care near home live healthy. Thank you all I Would like to invite our clinical Professor Roger stretcher founding chair onka Working party on the role health tropics on training for role practice 25 years onwards and upwards Well, thank you very much as a care and Thank you for that that introduction I'm just going to share my screen so you can See my slides So you should be able to see my slides now and as you heard my The topic for my Opening keynote address for the 17th world rural health conference is training for rural practice 25 years Onward and upward. I do want to start by saying this is an enormous Privilege and a great pleasure for me to be to be with you today And I want to congratulate Bruce Chater and all the the rural onka team and especially zekir and the team in in Bangladesh for bringing us all together in this way for the 17th one co world rural health conference I think it's fair to stay as as the covert 19 pandemic was we're starting to take hold And the the planned conference in April had to be postponed We weren't quite sure how it was going to happen, but a great effort by so many In Bangladesh and around the world has brought us together today for for the opening of this conference and I expect a really exciting next three days from Bangladesh and then a series of Seminars over the coming months all part of the 17th one co world rural health conference So welcome everyone a great opportunity for us to get together Virtually for this conference and I think we have much That's very exciting to talk about and to share so my part of the conference in this initial Keynote address is to to look backwards and then to look forward So it's actually 25 years ago this year that the Wonka World Council approved the first rural Wonka Policy the policy on training for rural practice what I'm going to do briefly is set the scene and then Talk about what we know now that we didn't know then 25 years ago In terms of rural health and rural practice the experience of implementing training for rural practice and also about recruitment and retention of the rural health workforce So I have no conflicts of interest to declare But I will tell you a little bit about myself My background is in Australia as a rural general practitioner family physician I was practicing about two hours east of Melbourne in the southeast part of Australia for nearly 20 years And during that time I also was appointed as the first professor of rural health in Australia and the head of the what became the Monash University School of Rural Health Which was a sort of Rural branch of the of the big city medical school of Monash University in Melbourne And then in 2002 the opportunity came to to go to Canada and to join others in establishing The northern Ontario school of medicine as a multi site rural based Medical school and I was there as the founding dean and CEO until last year And and now I'm actually speaking to you from New Zealand where I'm the professor of rural health at the University of Waikato And during that time and particularly between 1992 and 19 And sorry 2004. I was the inaugural chair of the Wonka Working Party on rural practice The working party on rural practice was formed following a get a gathering of rural practitioners attending The the 1992 Wonka World Conference in Vancouver. There are a whole lot of us there and we were really Seeing the need for a much greater Focus and a lot of work to do to improve rural health and rural practice. And so We got together over at a lunch break during that conference And that led to establishing the Wonka Working Party on rural practice Which has gone from strength to strength over the years With rural policies with the conferences like like this one Statements and collaboration with the World Health Organization This I think Photograph in a way sums up the working party. You'll see Well, you can see this this was actually at the conference that we held in in Nigeria in 2008 and and we were The group of us here were being installed as honorary chiefs So this is me you recognize me you recognize Bruce Chater the current chair of Rural Wonka and this is Ian Cooper who was at the time The chair of Rural Wonka from from South Africa So this is what I'm talking about the the Wonka policy on training for rural practice And you can see that it's been reprinted and redesigned Three times, but it was 1995 when when the policy was formally approved And so it's 25 years on that we're looking at what we know And we and where we're going really in with training for rural practice around the world This slide is the beginning of just drawing your attention to the key recommendations in the policy. So highlighting that there was Recognized a worldwide shortage of of rural doctors and the need really to have a specific Interventions that would actually improve training for rural practice and you can see The recommendations the first five of them there Particularly about recruiting students from from the rural background providing rural Undergraduate medical education training for rural practice after graduation Continue education professional development for rural practitioners academic roles for rural practitioners And for the rural for the medical schools themselves to take on a role a commitment to serve regions that a specific region including the the rural and right parts of the region and And connecting with the real the health needs of the population of that region So that's the notion of social accountability And it was actually in 1995 that that year that the world health organization provided the definition that that is still Really the guiding light for social accountability of medical schools and other health professional education institutions The the remaining recommendations were about the the importance of recognizing that rural practitioners and their families Need to to be part of the community and need to be supported And and for all of this to happen In each country there needs to be a national rural health strategy So they they are the nine key recommendations in the 1995 wonka policy on training for rural practice So what do we know now? well It was actually in 1996 that we held the first Wonka world rural health conference and that was in china and I think for those of us who were there there were over 300 participants from 30 countries It was something of surprise when we realized that although You know the countries we came from the geography the climate The developed and the and the less developed Countries there were so many obvious differences that there was a lot that we really have in common and in fact Access is the rural health issue and it's the same everywhere Even in countries where most of the people live in the rural areas the resources are concentrated in the cities there are always Transport and communication difficulties between one rural community in the next and also between the rural and the urban centers And there are there have never been and they're still not sufficient providers of health care the rural workforce everywhere around the world We now know and we're able to describe rural practitioners So when compared to their counterparts in the big cities rural practitioners may be described as extended generalists They provide a wider range of services. They carry a higher level of clinical responsibility in relative professional isolation And that's true whether we're talking about doctors like general practitioners or family physicians Pediatricians surgeons. It's also true about other members of the health team nurses nurse practitioners pharmacists physiotherapists rural practitioners are extended generalists and also rural practitioners Frequently live in the community that they serve and so they have the opportunity to influence the the health of the whole community at a community level And actually the best example that I know of this is the is the doctor in a small inland town in South Australia That was so effective in in presenting the message of the connection between red meat and cholesterol and heart disease That the butcher shop started selling fish We also know now from extensive research What are the key parameters of high quality health care rural health care? and The first and and really important point Is that the health services that are most successful most effective in addressing the health needs of people in rural and remote communities Are those health service delivery models that are designed in the rural communities by the rural communities for the rural communities Taking models from the big cities and somehow trying to modify them and transform them and make them fit into the rural setting Just doesn't work people living in rural communities prefer to be looked after Close to home and during my time as a rural practitioner in in Australia I twice had had people choose to go blind rather than travel two hours to the nearest eye specialist And speaking of specialists We now know that specialists are really important to high quality rural health care And their role is a supportive role recognizing that the doctors the nurses the other members of the health team in the rural communities They are the frontline providers of all health care And so the role of the the specialist is the true consultant role providing support collaboration assisting the local providers of care to provide so that That the people in the rural communities really have high quality health care close to home We now know that those key parameters that were outlined in the The policy on training for rural practice, which was aspirational in 1995. There was some research But quite limited research and lots of good ideas Now we know that the three factors most strongly associated with going into rural practice after education and training Are first of all a rural background that's having grown up in the rural setting The second factor is positive and I emphasize the word positive Clinical and educational experiences in the rural setting as part of undergraduate medical education And the third factor is targeted training for rural practice after graduation And they are the there's there's now abundant evidence right around the world that these that these three factors come together Contribute to successful recruitment into rural practice So we're going to change gears now and talk about Northern Ontario this this map that you can see is is on is the province of Ontario in Canada Um, these are the great lakes Excuse me And these are these are the great lakes and this is Hudson Bay and James Bay in this This vast area, which is largely black is northern Ontario north of the great lakes And and this is a population distribution map. So the black just shows that mostly is start sparsely populated It's almost Sorry over 800,000 Square kilometers and almost 800,000 population. There are five population centers with 50,000 or more and all the rest are 10,000 or less so vast vast geography with a harsh climate and long distances between small communities a resource based economy that's based on on on mining forestry and tourism And the health status of the people is worse than the general population in Ontario and In Canada. So that's the context in which the northern Ontario school of medicine Was established opened officially in 2005 expecting Accepting the first students in that year The school serves as the faculty of medicine of two universities Lakehead University in Thunder Bay, Laurentian University in Sudbury. They are 1000 kilometers apart And the school was established from the beginning with a social accountability mandate That's a commitment to improve the health of the people and the communities of northern Ontario. There's also a commitment to innovation Distributed community engaged learning is the distinctive model of medical education and health research that we developed in northern Ontario Distributed means there are actually over 90 sites where The the medical students and the and the trainees and the learners in other health disciplines May undertake part of their their clinical learning. Those sites are connected electronically Both in in in real time and asynchronously and we have an extensive Digital library service, which means if you have the access if you have the internet You have access to educational resources and information Pretty much the same as if you're in the big city like in a in a teaching hospital environment But the centerpiece of distributed community engaged learning is community Engagement that's the interdependent partnerships between the communities and the school of medicine and so the the communities and the school work together and And co-created the curriculum that we deliver in northern Ontario So here's the map again of northern Ontario gives you a visual of the over 90 sites And also with the color coding a sense of the different parts of the curriculum for the school for the undergraduate medical students For example in in their first year All students have four weeks Living and learning in indigenous communities that includes these communities that are very remote. You can only get there by airplane Except in in the winter when they cut ice roads to bring in heavy Heavy equipment and our students in northern Ontario school of medicine Awesome students have four weeks living and learning in these communities and this is a this is not a clinical experience This is a community experiences And the students are there to learn from the community about the history the tradition The culture the social and the health issues. So that's in first year the students have two times four week Experiences clinical experiences in remote and rural communities in second year And these are small communities and they're there to learn With and from the health team the doctors and the other members of the health team And then in third year the students leave the two larger centers of Thunder Bay, which is here and Sabri, which is there and they go to one of 15 communities in northern Ontario and they live in that community for the entire academic year and they're based in general practice family practice and essentially they see patients So you can say that the curriculum walks through the door like the first patient might be a child That's pediatrics. The next patient might be pregnant. That's obstetrics. The next patient might have the surgical problem This is the principal clinical year for the students. They're learning their core clinical medicine from the community family practice Perspective. This is a so-called longitudinal integrated clerkship Northern Ontario school of medicine. Nelson was the first medical school in the world Where all of the students undertake a longitudinal integrated clerkship, which we call a comprehensive community clerkship because of the active participation of the community you can see the rest of this slide that We have learners in other health disciplines nutrition, dietetics, physician assistants and in other health science Learners that are all part of the of the education and training programs of northern Ontario school of medicine So what are the outcomes? Well, first of all If you think back to those three factors, the first is recruiting students from a rural background in northern Ontario We aim to reflect the population distribution of northern Ontario in each class And we've been quite successful. These figures are from the first 10 years of intake from 2005 to 2015 It's very competitive over 2000 applications for 64 places And we've been successful in the sense that 92 of the students have grown up in northern Ontario The other 8 come from remote and rural parts of the rest of Canada So that's a very different class profile from the other medical schools In Canada, which are in big cities and most of the students come from the big cities In fact 40 percent of our students come from remote and rural communities, which more or less Reflects the demographics of northern Ontario 7 percent indigenous is lower than we're our target, which is 12 percent And in fact, uh, we as a result of of this research We tweet the ambitions process and and the intake is now closer to 12 percent of indigenous students each year And francophones people for whom french is the home language is the other population special interest and 22 percent is a good reflection of the population Before we leave this slide. I just want to highlight this other So gpa stands for grade point average and it's a number out of four this this reflects the academic standing of the applicants and You know, certainly in the big cities like in Toronto There was the assumption that we must have lowered the academic standards to allow in all of these dumb Northerners, but in fact 3.7 is about the same as the intake as the other medical students in in Canada So that's the admissions process. Let's now Share some of what we know from the students experience Clearly the emphasis on rural medicine and and generalism and we've we've done Research, which which really is focused on on our students and our graduates experience of generalism in rural Practice, but I think this last one, which I've highlighted Really sums it up You don't know it until you live it. I think that is the central theme and the and the real basis of the success of northern Ontario school of medicine So here's a quick snapshot of the success Looking first in the top half of the slide is the graduates from the undergraduate program the md program And you you can see that 62 of the graduates have chosen to become general practitioners family Physicians mostly training for rural practice That's almost double the national average for canada going into family practice 33% have chosen other general specialties like general medicine general surgery pediatrics And that leaves 5% have chosen subspecialties like dermatology radiation oncology neurology Now that 5% is important to us in northern Ontario for two reasons The first is that we need those subspecialists They have to go elsewhere for their training at the postgraduate level, but they are coming back And so serving northern Ontario But the other is that it shows that even though we have a very different curricular model and learning environment From the other medical schools Our graduates are very competitive if they choose to train in a subspecialty They're generally successful in matching to training in that subspecialty So that's that's looking at what happens to the graduates of of the undergraduate program in northern Ontario In canada the medical schools all only medical schools run postgraduate education Vocational training and so we can look at the at the graduates The red they're called residents the trainees are called residents in in north america and that almost 70 percent of the not some graduates of the residency training programs Are in northern Ontario and if you look at those who did the undergraduate and their postgraduate in northern Ontario 94 percent are practicing in northern Ontario including in the smaller remote rural communities So Now it's 15 years since the official opening of northern Ontario school of medicine and and not some's really made a difference in northern Ontario It's not just about more more doctors But but actually the whole health team that are responsive to the social the social cultural linguistic geographic diversity of northern Ontario and there are other benefits in terms of research and academic developments in economic development as well Okay, we're now going to shift gears So we've looked in broad what we know about rural health and rural practice from research in the last 25 years We've looked at the specific example of implementing the recommendations from the policy on training for rural practice in northern Ontario and now we're going to sort of Step back and look at the bigger picture of the recruitment and retention of rural practitioners and starting in 2008 2009 The World Health Organization convened a an expert panel John win jones and and Ian Cooper and I are amongst the members of this expert panel that developed this document launched actually by Ian Cooper in South Africa a global policy recommendations increasing Access to health workers in remote and rural areas through improved retention this was a really groundbreaking document at the time and a group the World Health Organization has recently reconvened a group to review Additional evidence accumulated in the last 10 years and to to update these global policy recommendations This slide actually is as you can see is a figure from that document And and it recognizes that there are many factors that contribute to to the the choice the decision to to practice in a rural community and they are many of them to do with personal and professional issues family issues and and the broader environment and it's important to to recognize all of those and address all of those issues The actual World Health Organization policy document Has recommendations under four headings and they're the first four dot points on this slide of recruitment and retention strategies the 10 years ago and now Still the strongest evidence is around education and training and really Very strong evidence of the of the benefits of of education and training for rural practice consistent with the Wonka policy on training for rural practice from 1995 other recommendations are about regulations and one sort of another Uh finance financial and other sort of recognition and reward and then of course the professed personal and professional aspects I would say in the last 10 years. It's become clear that there are these two other key categories of interventions that are important one is That the health service to help the delivery model itself is actually Is is actually sustainable and supportive of the rural practitioners and the other is the the really essential Contribution that the community makes that's active community participation or community engagement So i'm now going to share a Framework that was developed through a partnership around the Arctic Circle as you can see over seven years with five countries and focusing on Recruitment and retention of health and other public sector workers in remote rural communities in the far north of these Northern countries in europe and around the Arctic Circle and we developed through the recruits and retain making it work projects The remote rural workforce stability framework now this framework has three key tasks plan recruit and retain the first task is plan and It begins with actually Identifying what the health needs are of the population That's to be served as the basis then for designing the health delivery health service delivery model and only when you have that information can you identify well, what are the the knowledge and the skills the capabilities of The health workforce that you're looking to recruit and so planning is a really a critical First task in the process of planning recruiting and retaining the rural health workforce so recruiting One of the really important insights that we gained through this project and there were there were case studies in each of the five participating countries was the importance of information sharing This isn't just about the job for the for the potential recruit. It's about the whole community It's about living and being part of the community. It's about the family Rural practitioners generally relocating to to a rural setting There's a family and the family has to feel at home and want to be in the community with with the education and the employment and the and the and the social and recreational activities and once again, that's where The community participation community engagement is really central to successful recruitment So having recruited Retention it's so important and anywhere not just in in rural communities It's a supportive work environment. It's being part of a cohesive team that makes healthcare providers workers more generally Feel that they want to be part of this team and stay in this team and make their contribution To the services that they deliver It's important that they that they are supported to develop as a team with professional development at the local level with of course these days online education and training to keep up to date and funded travel for upskilling and for professional discipline specific Continuing education and professional development And a critical element a real contributor to success Is the active involvement in education and research education research academic involvement Is a real contributor to successful retention and of course it is about training the next generation of healthcare providers for this rural community and for other rural communities Across the region and the world Now for plan recruit and retain to be truly Effective there are these five conditions for success the first is to recognize That when you've seen one rural community, you've seen run rural community so those unique aspects that make each community special and and and the the the contextual Contributions the next therefore is to involve the people in those communities active community participation community engagement as I've mentioned Success requires dedicated investment real resources allocated. This is not Just to fit in with the existing budget, but actual targeted investment to to actually be successful in recruitment and retention of the rural health workforce And this is a continuous work in progress. It's not a one-off set of interventions. And then you're done It's it's really important to establish that annual cycle of activities at certain times of year certain activities It's the right time for them for example The graduation of a new cohort from from the education training institutions. That's a key point in that annual cycle And continuous quality improvement research and development this whole System is evidence-based and it's important to be testing the evidence and undertaking research and measuring And improving all the time continuous quality improvement. So those are the success factors this slide gives you a visual representation of the remote rural workforce stability framework and and with those those tasks so plan Recruit and retain each with their three components and then right in the center the bullseye are the five conditions for success Okay, so we've looked back to the the policy and the recommendations in 1995 and we've we've now reviewed what we know in terms of rural health and rural practice practical experience of implementing the recommendations in that policy And and also what we know about recruitment and retention the plan recruit retain framework. And here we are Right in the middle of the covet 19 pandemic I would say there were many Developments over the last 25 years that were not anticipated and and predicted When the policy was approved and certainly this pandemic was not one of them even a year ago. I would say that Most if not all of us really didn't see this coming So this pandemic has brought into sharp focus existing in in equities and and Uh disparities the fragility the lack of the limited resources that that rural communities and health services Had to the point of civic leaders in the rural communities telling people to stay in the cities So you can't escape the virus by coming to us Because we don't have the resources to look after our own people if they become ill let alone looking after outsiders um, we've also seen the phenomenon of people avoiding accessing any health services for fear of of Uh of the the virus and that of course then leads to other other health issues I would say some positive messages from the experience are the importance of self-sufficiency and resourcefulness and really providing the justification for renewed advocacy For investment of resources in health services in communities in rural and remote communities So that for the next crisis pandemic or whatever it is those communities and the and their services are well prepared to deal with With the issues at the local level and and and so therefore Not put extra pressure on on the uh higher level services that that are in the big cities and another observation that i've made anyway about the pandemic is that It's made the impossible possible So yes, there was telehealth and yes, you know odd groups like the wonka working party on rural practice rural wonka, you know been meeting Initially by audio teleconferencing now by video conferencing as as we are today But in the big cities that was seen as something. Well, I suppose it's possible. I wouldn't be you know it's it's kind of a bit Bit doubtful second class, but uh now telehealth is is normal and and in fact accepted as as a constructive contributor to health care everywhere. So that's an important part of Of what we've learned and what the world knows similarly You know this university i'm with now in new zealand for the whole year All of the course week has been developed online and and the academic staff didn't see that as possible Until they had to do it So lots of positives as well as some of the major challenges that go with the pandemic What we know now Just to summarize what i presented is rural medical education was a great idea back in 1995 and with the main focus on on the rural workforce Now we know that the rural setting is a great place to learn clinical medicine that that the There's an argument that all medical students and trainees should have some of the clinical learning in the rural setting because They learn so much and they learn so well We also know that a facilitated career pathway the rural generals pass late pathway actually works That was the idea in 1995 We now know that it really works starting in the high school even the primary school in the rural communities And encouraging the young people to see a future for themselves that might include health care and becoming doctors And so that motivates them to study you get the grades get into university get into medical school And you need a the selection process to support that and and all of the other components right through including Once in practice support transition to practice Not just continuing education professional development, but opportunities for graduate studies masters and phds So that the that the the doctors and the other rural practitioners They can pursue an academic career and and progression in their career with while staying in the rural setting and not having to move to the larger cities so We also know now that there are some real key Commonalities around the world we found with the recruit and retain making it work project That we in the small remote rural communities in five countries with different languages different cultures We had more in common with each other than we had with with the people in the big cities in in our own countries So across international borders. I've already highlighted education and training recruiting from the remote rural communities providing that training in the setting and supporting practice and active community participation That is absolutely the the Key to success or one of the critical factors in success is community engagement So in conclusion, I would say that 25 years on we're on a roll We have the evidence We are we have the momentum and now especially thanks to the the COVID-19 pandemic We have the opportunity to shape our own future. So looking to the next 25 years I can see that If we work hard if we keep going if we maintain and and increase the momentum That in 25 years all people living in in Remote and rural communities around the world will have access to high quality healthcare close to home That's the end of my keynote presentation. There are a Some references for those who would like to to follow up What I've presented in this slide also has my email address at the bottom for anyone who would like to make direct Contact with me and I'm sure that the organizers of the conference will make sure that you have access to my my PDF and my PowerPoint slides thank you very much everybody and Not sure who's speaking next is a cure or who's who's who do I hand over to Bruce over to Bruce I think thank you very much To make a comment go ahead Thank you very much professor roger stutter for your keynote speech Now I would like to call very much a dynamic person dr. Bruce stutter I will call dr. Bruce stutter Please welcome dr. Bruce stutter Thank you very much. I'm just going to share my screen and Hopefully that will all Come up properly So thanks very much roger for a an excellent introduction I'm associate professor brisk stutter chair of A rural wonka a rural academic and a rural family doctor providing comprehensive rural primary and secondary care To my town of of theater in australia You can just see bungalow dash there on the other side A bit further around the globe It's a great pleasure to set the scene for the next few days on behalf of a rural wonka council I wanted to to talk a little bit about the rural ethos This 17th world rural health conference hosted by our colleagues in bungalow dash exemplifies many of the aspects of Of rural medicine rural family medicine that we hold self-evident And that's a sense of community common goals and experience It's some collegiate goodwill and shared passion It's closeness and caring particularly to our community It's persistence rigor and scholarship But I think roger's shown that in large amount in his talk and youth in the future So I want to deal with all of these one by one First of all sense of community common goals and experience as roger said this year we marked 25 years since the official establishment of rural wonka The wonka working party on rural practice For those of you don't know wonka is the world organization of national colleges and academies of general practice and family medicine General practice and family medicine is a tradition Is a tradition of practice really based on generalism And although morphed remarkably in this day and age of mega cities and technology It has its roots in the country doctor and this was one of the classics of of looking at country doctors In 1992 a young country doctor roger strasser who you just saw who'd recently added academic to his imperative impressive repertoire Was that the vancouver conference with a few colleagues? Where's fab the founding CEO of wonka nithya nardu and robert hall And that small group They weren't elected representatives to family practice colleges or they weren't just academics. They were passionate rural doctors Who felt for their communities? Wes was encouraging them to form a working party and what a wonderful working party It's turned out to be At the next conference Three years later in hong kong a small group met and you might recognize a few of them uh the the the first is uh john win jones on the left then myself jim rourke nithya nardu john mcleod tom duelen across the back and then tarika's is mj raja kuma roger strasser the young roger strasser and and goo goo you on So they were pretty youthful faces back there and I would just emphasize that These were young people really in those days a lot of young people involved and I think that's the tradition that we want to keep going So this small team not only formed rural wonka, but within a year held the first National international rather rural medicine conference in shanghai in 1996 You can see the the latest view of the boond at that stage in shanghai At that conference we found out as roger said when you've seen one rural town You've seen one rural town, but the challenges faced by rural doctors were common Um, and we see this mutual understanding amongst rural doctors replicated so many times And no more than in the initiative of our bangladesh colleagues have come together To address these challenges in very practical ways I know I'd love to come and see it someday the brahman baria medical college With sakur and his colleagues The It's they've done an amazing job there So I'm very sorry that we can't we can't visit at this stage Like to talk also now about collegiate goodwill and passion Rural wonkers flourished over the years because of passion The members of rural wonker council are all working rural doctors students with a passion for rural academics Or administrators who have a mission for rural We are so pleased recently to include our nursing and midwifery colleagues All these council members are closely linked to their communities And the family practice and rural doctor organizations in their countries But they also have a passion to advocate for their local rural communities We've seen this passion replicated In south asia The south asia conference of south asia region of wonker has had a significant presence from bungladesh and We've been honored on wonker to have professor's neural uslam and and kanabalu as prominent examples A big thanks also to raman kuma who joins us tonight He's the regal president for for south asia and we very much appreciate his support We've also seen this in the passion With the formation of wasa Thanks to wasa for your support for this conference This conference itself is brought to you by primary care and rural health bungladesh And sakura and his team of young rural doctors have worked tirelessly to ensure that this event is a success Closeness and caring particularly In with communities and with the community of rural doctors is another characteristic of rural doctors Rural doctors have been challenged by covid and many of our doctors have been victims of it and this is a very sad Collage of some of the the the people who have been involved in in india But despite this terrible toll, it's wonderful to see especially the enthusiasm on the right of our young doctors To care for and support their colleagues and communities As rural doctors, we're close to our communities. We're also close As a family of rural doctors Persistence rigor and scholarship. I think Roger's shown in spades and I thank him From the depth of my heart As the first chair of of rural wonka We've addressed this as I said and roger said a number of ways over the last 25 years As roger mentioned, we've had this the establishment of a real body of academic knowledge and That's been very much a a work in progress, but I think it has Stood the test of time and proven to be evidence based It was our south asia colleagues from pakistan particularly tarik as is so you saw in that That very young photo who challenged us some years ago to address the needs of lower and middle income countries We took our common experience to spilled in our policies and Those policies being training for real general practice and real practice and real health And recently explored the literature in lower and middle income countries. Look at how these measures are And can be implemented Um in doing so we've developed a close relationship with wHO And developed with their support a checklist for rural pathways That's already been used in evaluating the future of rural health in kergestown so This very much is complimenting the want the wHO policies the work that roger's done And and a raft of other stuff that is being developed around the world The other tangible commitment that we have made to this is ensuring that we support conferences in lower middle income countries It's been a labor of love for our dedicated team Both in council and in bangladesh, and i'm sure you're in for a treat this weekend The final thing i'd like to talk about is youth and the future as I alluded before rural wonka was formed by young people 25 years ago Um, and we need the young students and young doctors of today to continue that tradition We need our rural seeds to glow to grow and flourish We need my arrow and herd generation As the future of rural medicine One of the things that struck me With this conference is that sakura has a very young team of passionate rural doctors and students We're very grateful for their enthusiasm the cute commitment of sakir and his colleagues in Primary care and rural health bangladesh to take up the challenge At first it was going to be face-to-face to now virtual of a world rural health conference So for today, I look forward to seeing On show these qualities of a sense of community common goals and experience collegiate goodwill and passion closeness and caring persistence Riga and scholarship and and as I said the youth and the future The conference is not the same We cannot see and enjoy the sights and sounds of rural Bangladesh in the same way That we would have with a face-to-face conference, but in fact this virtual conference Has allowed us to democratize the conference allowing young and old richer and poorer from all around the world to join us The conference is Not just today it's we've got not only this exciting program over the next three days But also in the next four months A series of recorded global leader Presentations in partnership with network towards unity for health Followed by case studies and webinars. So we'd want you Please To contribute case studies and come on to those webinars We're going to have the launch of another nine chapters of our rural medical education guidebook And then two special rural seeds rural cafes And finally a closing ceremony. So It is with great pleasure to be able to Join you at this conference. So I look forward to sharing the celebration over this weekend And seeing the presentations and discussions unfold over the next few months We have a very exciting time ahead So, thank you very much and a hand back to our colleagues Thank you very much Dr. Bruce Sutter for your nice words Downway medical college had been established by the year 2013 It was a dream project by a novel man He's a none other than dr. Avosa is sir I would like to welcome him and requesting to tell about his journey with primary care and rural health And before his speech, uh, we enjoy a small video about Dr. Avosa Good evening everybody who are participating in this operation I'm delighted to share with you 17th one the world rural health conference hosted by primary care and rural health Bangladesh is now happening with huge enthusiasm This is the first time in the history of Pwanka Rural that it joins forces with Bangladesh to organize its conference as an as an emphasis of the growing scope and expertise in Bangladesh The theme of the conference is achieving rural universal health coverage through community approach There are many sufferings and deprivation of basic health care of in Bangladesh as they do early disease and other health care facilities There are many barriers to health care access in rural areas such as distance and transportation poor stigma privacy issue and so on Distance and transportation is the most common barrier in all zones of rural population This can be a significant burden in time away from the workplace Poor health literacy is another barrier for accessing health care Health literacy impacts a patient's ability to understand health information and instructions from their health care providers Social stigma and privacy issues are more likely to act as barriers to health care access Rural residents have little concerns about seeking care for mental health Sexual health, pregnancy Anis or pregnancy overcome these barriers to provide primary health care to this rural population in Bangladesh Along with emergency and public health services Primary care is the most basic and the most vital services needed in rural communities It provides health promotion disease prevention health maintenance counseling patient education diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic illness in a variety of health care settings Now we are giving special attention to primary health care in rural areas to control the spread of disease and reduce the growing rates of mortality I believe we can do it if we work together I am happy to announce that we already established rural health centers and rural health training centers which is generously supported by our professor Dr. Jaqeeb Rahman We have established Corona isolation unit with 100 beds separated both male and female in brahman bed medical college and we also established a PCR lab also We need to encourage young doctors and arrange training for rural health care professionals I would like to express my utmost sincere to thank Dr. Jaqeeb Rahman the progress chairman of this conference and this team and I also like to thank our principal professor beginner general Mohammad Shavikul Islam and other Personals of this institute Thank you all keep up the great work. Enjoy the conference And thank you all and good evening again Thank you very much. Dr. Abhusey sir for sharing your speech with us Now we enjoy Now we enjoy the journey of primary care and rural health Bangladesh by a small video


The Hollywood Radio Theater The Hollywood Radio Theater production of Saigon. It's act one with our stars John London's Larry and Elizabeth Scott as Susan. Shanghai 1946. A United States Army field hospital. In the office of the Chief Surgeon... I'm telling you this Larry, only because you might express friend. There's nothing more we can do for him. You're certain? I've had a dozen other doctors. They all say the same thing. Have you told Mike? I wanted to talk to you first. But it's been our experience that it's best to tell the patient the truth. What is the truth? I mean, exactly. He's leaving this hospital today thinking he's completely cured. But the injury to his brain is beyond repair. He'll be dead within two or three months. Do me a favor. Let me tell him. If you'd rather, you've been pretty close to him, haven't you? Four years together in a bomber. Mike and I and Pete Rocco. Mike's picking up his separation papers. Will you tell him that Pete and I will meet him at the Jade Café? I'll tell him. Good luck, Larry. Yeah. Thanks a lot, Doc. Couldn't be rougher, Pete. They give him three months to live. Maybe sooner. How'd he take it? He doesn't know. I told the doctor I'd tell him. How? How are you gonna tell him? We're not gonna tell him. But... We ain't got the right to decide that. We ought to take him back home to Ohio. Ohio's a fine place if you got the time or if Mike had any folks. There's only something we could do for him. Something nice without Mike doing it. You know what I mean? We're gonna stick close to him, Pete.  Good living. No rough spots, no bumps. Okay? Sure. Okay. But what about the dough? Well, maybe I got the answer. You know that flying job I was telling you about? Yeah, wait a minute. Here he comes. A fine thing you guys couldn't even wait until I got my separation papers. And where's my drink? Hey, Bart, Turner, give us another glass. Well, boys, I'm a civilian. But how come you told him I wanted to be separated here in Shanghai? Makes it easier on the poor taxpayers. You've been sponging off the government for years. Time you started shifting for yourself. Look, you guys didn't wave your transportation home just to wait around for me, did you? Why should we want to wait around for you? As a matter of fact, Pete and I have lined up a little flying job. Oh? We thought you might like to tag along. It's a quickie, see, and very good pay. Enough to buy a time for ourselves. You guys wait here. We're gonna tie one on. I had better see the bartender. Hey, what's going on between you two not wanting to go home? Look, does the college boy have to be a dope? Didn't he teach you nothing about life? Don't you know why the skipper don't want to go home? No, I don't.  You forgot all about the mouse that's given the brush off. Don't you remember the wedding announcement she sent him? Well, I thought Larry was all over that. Look, Mike, we got to stick with the skipper, see? Make him forget. We'll give him the binge of his life.  No rough spots, no bowels. Oh, now you're starting to make some sense. Who wants to go home? How's it? Twelve-year-old Scotch. But if you still want to go back to Ohio... We got a job here, haven't we?  His name is Maris. I'll tell you all about it later tonight. I'm meeting him in an hour. Well, what do you say, guys? A drink to Mr. Maris. I'm no bar. Sit down, please. Oh, this is an associative mind. His name is Simon. How do you do? Simon does not talk, but he listens very well. So, you've reconsidered my offer, eh? Yes, I'd like to job, Mr. Maris. I'm really delighted, Major. Ex-Major. Now, what about money? How much? Ten thousand. Dollars? American dollars. Ten thousand dollars for one flight. What do we do? Smuggle rubies? I'm employing you for a business trip. And why so much money? Oh, call it sentiment, Major. Simon and I have great admiration for a hero. Being perhaps such cowards ourselves. Besides, when I enter the plane, my life will be in your hands, won't it? Well, I'm rather fond of looking forward to a ripe old age. Nice thing to look forward to. And for ten thousand dollars, I'll fly you to Saigon on my back. That may yet be necessary. Now, about the flight. Never mind the details. Just tell me where the plane is. My chauffeur will take you to the field. I want that plane to leave on Tuesday promptly at 6 p.m. I am a fanatic about promptness, Major. 6 p.m. Tuesday. That's what you're paying for. That's what you'll get. The plane will be ready to take off. You have nothing to worry about other than getting me to Saigon. I'll look the plane over tomorrow. Forgive me, but you won't. My chauffeur will call for you and your crew Tuesday afternoon at four o'clock. It's an hour's drive to the field that leaves you a full hour to do your looking over. I hope that's satisfactory. It'll have to be, won't it? Don't be disturbed, Major. We're going to get along splendidly. Splendidly. Engines seem okay, Skipper. Keep them idling. Yeah. Ten after six. Our force is really late. Well, it's an old army plane, all right. But no insignia. I'm beginning to catch on why the 10 grand private field way out in the country. There's a car coming, Larry. Well, I guess we're all set. Get those blocks out under the wheel speed. Look who's getting out of the car. A mouse. She's alone. Where's Maris? They may be the whole deal's off. No, it's not off.  Well, one of you take my bag, please. What's your hurry, sister? Hey, some chick. I'll get her bag. What are you doing here? Nobody told me anything about a dame. Which one of you is Major Briggs? I am. I'm Mr. Maris' secretary. He'll be here any minute. Oh, you? Yes. You can put the bag in the plane, please. I'll just slow down, honey. Maris was supposed to be here at six o'clock. Is the plane ready? It's ready. That's all you need to be concerned about. We'll wait for it. You're getting dark. You better be here sooner. We'll never get off the field. Will this make waiting any easier? You mean that's real money? All of it? It's for you. But not until we reach Saigon. That was the deal, wasn't it? Disillusion, Mouse Skipper. Somebody must have shattered her faith in men. There's a car coming, Larry. Is she that dust over the hill? That'll be Mr. Maris and Simon. I'll get in the plane. Hey, somebody's shooting. Mr. Maris seems to be in a little difficulty. Don't sound wholesome, Skipper. Gops, maybe? We're not waiting to find out. Get in that plane. You made an agreement. You've got to wait. We made an agreement to fly at six, and it's after six. Rev them up, Mike. Oh, wait. Please. I'll make a 15,000. No thanks. We're a little tired of bullets. Oh, please. You've got to wait. You can't leave. Get off the plane.  Not until you do. Sit on her feet and close the door. Move over, Mike. Right. Stop. No, no, you can't go without Ali.  Let go of me. Turn back. I won't let you. First chicky I've sucked in four years. Hang on, sucker. We're taking off. Whoa. That's some takeoff. We're off the ground, are we? How'd you ever get to be a major? How's the girl? She's okay. Well, did you have to hit her? Are you all right? Oh, sure. Just wonderful. I'm sorry. Where do we go now? Shanghai airport? There are a few things we'd have to explain, and I don't think they'd believe us. We're going to Saigon. Saigon? Oh, now just a minute. Our visa says Saigon. We made a deal, and we want to get paid. If you go to Saigon, Mr. Matt will... Look, secretary, as soon as we land, I'd buy a newspaper if I were you and turn to the Wanda head. I have an awful feeling those shots back there were police bullets. You don't really know it was the police. No, but you do that look in your eyes, honey, but you was real scared. Why don't you guys cut it out? Leave her alone. Thanks. Make her comfortable, Mike. Then let's see how we're doing. You're cold, aren't you? Here. Here's a blanket. Thanks. That's better, eh? Well, we got to be in Saigon in a couple of hours. I'm sorry there's nothing to eat. If we hadn't left in such a hurry, I would... There are a lot of people who never miss a meal. Does their soul's good to find out what it means? I've missed meals, mister. It didn't do me any good. Maybe you've got some sandwiches in that briefcase of yours. Yeah, I think I'll take a look. Leave it alone. I said leave it alone.  Ah, but she's so worried about the briefcase. What? Give it to me. Give it to me or I'll... Hey, Mike. Mike, what's the matter? I didn't mean to push him or...  Come on, Mike. Come on, kid. Hey, Larry. Larry, he hit his head. Take over. Yeah. Say, what is this, a game? He couldn't have hurt himself. Just stand back. Mike. Mike. Mike, come on. Huh? Snap out of it, kid. What gives? You feel all right? Yeah. I tripped, I guess. Bought him a nice new head. Better watch your footwork. Now sit down. I'm sorry. What? It's all right. It wasn't your fault. Say, tell me something.   Tell us. Well, we've always been together. That is all through the war. There were more of us once, only their luck's going out. What's your name? Susan Cleaver. Susan, huh? Ah, what do you know? Boy meets girl. B doesn't like sentiment, you see. He's never met the right girl. What do you mean the right girl? The right girl's any girl's boyfriend ain't bigger than me. And if it's awful, it's me. Skipper, what goes? The left engine. It's conking out. That is a prop before it freezes. Right. Give me a little rudder trim. That's better. Oh, there goes the right engine. Which the gas tank? It must be the fuel line. What's the altitude? 6,000. I can't switch. Larry, the line's plugged. What happens now? You start praying. Get that door open, Pete. Drop everything that's not tied down. Low cloud skipper, full of holes. Wheels down? We're livin' the nose over. That's all farm country down below. Not much choice but a belly landing. Oh, I feel sick. The skipper can do it blind.  Raise your feet and hold tight. We're coming in. In case anybody's interested, we made it. Boy, what a lantern. Make your bridge. Will you marry me? Where are we? The rice field. How lucky can we get? Well, let's get out. In that mud? Mud she called it. Wake up, sister. You're alive. Look, if it's a rice field, there must be natives. Grab our map, Mike. I'll take a briefcase. Oh, no, you won't. You know, Miss Cleaver, maybe this job was worth $10,000 after all. Hey, here comes our ground proof. That leaves me with only one problem. How do you say hamburger with onions in Indochina? Dumong! Dumong! Rudegar! Gangzi! Well, what do you know? An educated mouse. Oh, come in, Miss Cleaver. I've been wondering about you. Yeah, and where's Mike? The natives are showing him around the village. I've thanked them for their food and shelters. I told you to ask about getting out of here. We're about two days from Saigon. One day by ox carton to town and then a riverboat. Is that all? No, I'd like my $10,000. You forget. You didn't wait for Mr. Marish. The money's still in your handbag, isn't it? Give me that. Ah, please, Miss Cleaver, no more rastlin'. I hope it's all here. After I've counted it, I'll give you a receipt. Thank you. I'll tell the natives we're ready to leave.  I don't think Mike's got the same hunch, Skipper. Yeah. Well, a girl like that, he's bound to get hurt. He hasn't got time for such things. Are you gonna stop it? I don't know, but I will. Let's go. Hey, this is some town, huh? You think they got a bar? Well, let's find a bar, huh? Do what you want to do. I'm going to buy some clothes. We'll meet you here in an hour. I may not be through in an hour. Okay. Nice knowing you, Miss Cleaver. Hey, now, wait a minute. What's wrong with all of us meeting at the hotel? I don't even know if there is a hotel. Well, sure there is. The natives told Susan just grab a rickshaw and meet us there. You going with it? I'd like to. They shall let me. I was hoping you'd want to, Mike. Okay. I'll see what I can find out about the riverboat. Get me a nice room, boys. About that hotel, Monsieur. If I can be of any assistance. Oh, thanks. We're doing fine. I am Lieutenant Kian of the regional police. Strangers are so rare here, Monsieur. We like to make them welcome. About the hotel, there's just one, the Imperial. Not very elegant, I'm afraid. Good day, Monsieur. A cop? What am I worried about? Have I got something to worry about? Depends on what's in her briefcase. We brought it into the country, remember? But we don't know what's in it. I want to know a guy who pleaded ignorance. He's still in jail. Hotel Imperial. Well, let's see if they got such a thing as a room, Clarke. Wait a minute. There's Mike. All set, Skipper. Three rooms in a bath, the end of the hall. You here alone? Alone. No, Susan's in her room. No questions about luggage. No trouble at all. Seems some fellow'd stopped by from the regional police. Told the clerk to give us anything we wanted. Nice guy. Yeah, that's what I thought. Oh, these are for us. Police cards, we got to answer a lot of questions. Hmm. Kind of personal questions, aren't they? Routine, everybody's got to fill them out. You know, I'd like to get a gander at the mouse's car. Cut out the mouse stuff. Her name's Susan. Was that so hard to remember? Oh, sorry, sir. Sorry. You got our keys? Yeah. 15 and 16. I'm in 14. Susan's in 22. I'll wait for you in the bar. Deeper and deeper. Damn, we don't know. Bullets, cops. Look, if Mike changes his mind, he starts looking for me. Tell him I'm taking a nap. Well, where you going? The time has come for the mouse and me to talk of many things. Room 22.  The knockmaker's rig is just barged right in. Now what do you want? A few words. The only ones I can think of are words I seldom use. Hey, what's this? Oh, yeah.  Put that down. Relax, will you? Susan Angela Cleaver. Oh, that's a pretty name. Real? Place of birth, Lincoln, Nebraska. Currency and possession, $78. I want that card. Please give it to me. Sure, here. You hold the card while I look in your briefcase and don't try to stop me, honey. Well, what a surprise. Full of money, isn't it? Is it? $78, huh? Where did you learn to add? I didn't know what was in it. I was only told it was important. Oh, sure, sure. I don't know what business you're in, Susie, but apparently you do very well at it. I'm going to put up for little mistakes like trying to drag us into it. Oh, now wait a minute. A minute's too long. I'm saying goodbye for the three of us. You're leaving right now. Who do you think you are? One of three guys who are happier out of prison. Do you think I'd leave here now alone just because you tell me to? I could arrange for an escort. How about Lieutenant Keon? Where would I go at this hour? The riverboat, remember? It leaves in the morning, but you're getting on tonight. It's very easy, don't you major break? Yeah. You've got your $10,000. You're rid of me. Now what? I'll look you up and tell you someday in Lincoln, Nebraska. In just a moment, our stars will continue with act two of Saigon. Stress can show up as anger directed at the people closest to you. If you see what's happening, you can avoid adding to the stress and the anger. Daddy's home. Wonder what he's mad about. You're late again. What's the matter with you? What do you think?  Oh, what? Yeah, I am in a bad mood. I wish I lived in a place where the money had George Washington's picture on it. Well, everybody spoke English, where I could just...  Yeah. I think you caught me being homesick. What about you? You caught me being uptight. Inspection coming up. Hey, where's the dog? I'd like to growl at him, too. Daddy, you're silly. You don't even have a dog. Oh, I'm just kidding, honey. But you're right about I being silly. When stress builds up, if you can see it for what it is and change your attitude even a little, you can interrupt a dangerous cycle. And now act two of Saigon, starring John Lund as Larry and Elizabeth Scott as Susan. Larry and Pete are determined to keep Mike away from Susan Cleaver. And under Larry's threat to call the police, Susan has vanished from the hotel and gone aboard the river boat. For two hours, Mike has been searching for her frantically. And now, in a native tea house... I just don't understand it, Larry. Why should she suddenly check out of the hotel and not say anything? Something's happened to her. Nothing's happened to her? Just that she didn't want to stick with us. That's right, kid. I push ourselves. Oh, he ain't welcome. I kind of thought she liked me. And why would she run out? I know it sounds crazy, but I... Well, I guess I've fallen for her, but good. And say the wisecracks both of you. Okay. Where do we look now? Maybe she went back to the hotel while we've been gone, huh? Then let's go and find out. Good evening, Monsieur. Good evening, Lieutenant. If you're not leaving, surely you'll let me buy you a cup of tea? Sorry, Keon. I'm afraid we're in a hurry. Please forgive me if I insist. You see, I have been studying your police car. Now listen, we've told you... Good on, Mike. Thank you. You... you are Lawrence Briggs. Well? You bought a large sum of money into the country. It's on the card. $10,000. We through the young men who save their money. They admirable.  In return for dollars for Frank, Pound, Piazza, they traded human lives. Some of these men consider my country a safe place of refuge. They are greatly mistaken. Have you anything against us? Well, I know, no, my dear friend. Well, in that case, I'm sorry we can't stay for tea. Would I be rude to ask where you are going? Back to the hotel. We haven't eaten yet. Would you care to join us? Unfortunately, I am hard at work. Oh, that's a pity, Lieutenant. Good night. One thing about this dump, they sure know how to cook. Come on, Mike, have some arvina, huh? Lay off, Pete. Mike, look, you met a girl. You've known her for one day. She took a powder. I knew one for three years. You get over these things. Did you? Yeah. Yeah, I did. Quit lying to me. And you could be wrong about Susan, you know. He could be right. Okay, he could be right. Hey, where you going? I'm going to the room. I'm tired. Didn't do us a good, did we? We were going to show him a good time. We're doing fine. You got any idea? Yeah, I'm going to find her.  I wouldn't be surprised. Stay with Mike, Pete. I may be a while. Can I come in?  You asked me to leave the hotel and I left. It's not that I like this luxury liner. It smells and it's hot and it's dirty. But I intend to stay on board, so leave me alone. I came to apologize. But I don't apologize easy and you're not helping. You want something. Well, what is it? A truce.  We miss you. You miss me. You and that big-mouthed sergeant. And Mike Perry. Oh, I see. Mike Perry. He's very fond of you. Odd, isn't it? Now, get out of here. Oh, I'm not finished. I have a card here, a police card. Yours. It says currency and possession, $78. Now, we wouldn't want the police to know how poor you are at arithmetic. Look, you gave me that routine before. That's why I'm on the boat and not at the hotel. I told you Mike values your company. I want him to have it. He's put you on a pedestal. Can't you see that? Well, I want you to stay there. You do. So we're coming aboard in the morning. We'll be with you on this riverboat to Saigon. You're the captain? Hey, yes, sir. How long before we shove off? Right away, Monsieur. Now, now, we've got to go. Were there not three of you, Monsieur? That's right. Mr. Perry's gone to his cabin. He's got a headache. Oh, he will feel better on the river. I will feel better also. This flea-bitten tub, like an oven. Hey, what are we holding out on Mike for? Why don't we tell him she's a boy? We don't know that she is. Let's see if she stood us up. At least you knocked last night. Well... Just dropping by. Thought we'd say hello. Hey, that's some outfit. That's what I call a peach and maroonie. Would you rather I'd worn a nurse's uniform? No. I wouldn't change a stitch. Look, it's not going to be so tough. Mike's a nice kid. When do I go to work? Give us five minutes. Mike doesn't know you're here. Won't be hard to find this, Miss Cleaver. We're the only passengers. Skipper! Pete! Look! Look who's here! It's her, Susie. Well, why do you know? Little Susie Cleaver.  We've been looking for you all over the whole... Look, fellas, I... Well, you know how it is. Yeah. Yeah. We're leaving. You don't know how happy you've made us, Miss Cleaver. We'll see you later. Why did you run out on this, Susie?  Did I do something? Say something? Oh, no. Then why? Well, remember what Major Briggs said about police bullets? Yeah. Well, I know a great deal about Mr. Maris' business. I was never aware of anything wrong, but nobody can be sure in it. Well, it wasn't fair to involve the three of you. In a way, I'm glad you disappeared. Oh? It made me realize how much I missed having you around. I know we just met, but that's the way I feel. Oh, look, Mike, you've been cooped up in a hospital for a long time. You told me that on the plane. Well, you haven't seen many girls. And just because I happened to come along... What's the matter?  I refined myself to a lonely trip, and now I find friends. Good morning. Oh, Miss Cleaver, I've been thinking about you. I don't believe you left your police card at the hotel. But she didn't stay. But she did register. Yes, I registered. And checked out so quickly. And your card? How shall I explain this to my superior? Let's just say it was Mike Herlitz. Mr. Briggs. Hello, Keon. Miss Cleaver left her police card with me. Here. Oh, that's right. I did. I'm sorry if I... All right. Quite all right. I see you answered all the questions. Well, you're not staying very long in Saigon, are you? Why do you say that? Oh, Saigon is the Paris of the Orient. I don't believe a lady of your obvious good taste could remain there for long on $78. My employer will have money waiting for me. Your employer? Mr. Marris. I'm his secretary. Oh, yes. Mr. Alex Marris. I have never met him. But even in Saigon, we have heard of him. His many enterprises. Is there anything else we can help you with, Lieutenant? I'll see. Can't we forget I am a policeman?   The engine's dying. Get him on the lawn. All right, go with me. What side of a boat is this? Don't they have an engineer? An engineer? Oh, on this boat, Monsieur, Captain Renault is everything. And there is one thing he knows nothing about the engine. About whiskey, yes. About Paris, yes. Even about surgery. He was once a great doctor. Well, suppose I go down and take a look. If anybody can fix an engine, Mike's the boy. He's an expert. Come on, Pete, I'll need help. You too, Scrapper. Don't worry about Miss Creaver. I'll do my best to keep her entertained. If you don't mind, I'd like to go long and watch. Well, that's well, sir. Well, let's all go. An expert at anything is worth watching. Pete. Wait a minute. Yeah? Well, keep Keon down there as long as you can. Why aren't you going with us? There's a little something I've got to attend to in Susie's cabin. Hey, you. You at the wheel. We, Monsieur. Where's the captain? He is still being almost here. They are working on the mechanism. You carry a mail on this boat, don't you? Mail? Letters, posts. Oh, we, Monsieur. We hold contact. Much mail. Very fine mail boat. Yeah, yeah, yeah. I believe you. Now look, this package. See that it's mailed and here for your trouble. Oh, machine, machine, machine. No talk, see? Not to anyone. Just mail it. Larry! Get down here, quick! What is it? It's Mike. He's blacked out again. What's wrong with him, Captain? Well, can't you tell? Keon said you were a doctor. Oh, there was a long time ago, Monsieur. Anywhere your friend is better. The girl is in there with you. You don't know what made him faint? No, he gets very hot here below deck. And from what I have observed, your friend most recently experienced a very complicated surgery. The scars on his skull. I think maybe he will be all right in a little while. Keon's with him, too, huh? Lieutenant Keon? Oh, no, Monsieur. Lieutenant Keon is on the deck. Is something wrong, Monsieur? Hello, Lieutenant. Well, I hope you're finding what you're looking for. This is your cabin, isn't it? I suppose if I told you I came in here by mistake, you wouldn't believe me. No, I wouldn't. You would be very sensible. I was just looking at these. Citations and medals from the wall. Help yourself. Believe me, had I known of their existence, I would not be guilty of this impertinent. You know, Major, I cannot believe that a man who apparently fought with such distinction could now possibly ally himself with lawlessness, indecency, and greed. And you'd be right. Now, if you don't mind, let's try to enjoy the balance of the trip, huh? Oh, about Miss Creba. She's Captain Perry's fiancée. Oh, I see. When we are inside, I must do something to entertain them. We'll be looking forward to it, Lieutenant. Where'd you get the squeeze box, Pete? The captain. What's the matter? Is it romantic enough? I told you to stay with Mike. Where is he? He's OK. He's getting dolled up for the mouse. Hey, Skipper, you don't think it might happen to Mike sooner than the doc said back in Shanghai? I don't know. It was hot down there. The heat might have done it. Hey, has she gone? Hey, cut it out, will you? There's no mood to be kidded. Oh, why not? Never mind. Just play something loud. I think the mouse is about to squeak. Well, you said you wanted to see me alone. You thief. Come again.  You know, Miss Cleaver, if you've been robbed, the best thing to do is call a policeman. Look, that money isn't yours or mine, and I want it back. You were smart to take it out of the briefcase. But it's pretty hard to hide half a million dollars in a two-by-four state room. It's a very good thing I grabbed it before Keon did. Keon? Yeah. He searched my cabin for it. He was on his way down to yours. Why should I believe you? Now, look, I'd be nice to mine. That's what you wanted. I didn't double-cross you. Why are you double-crossing me? You're not paying attention, are you? Now, if you'll be a nice girl and do what you're told, you'll get your money back. You arrogant, black, mailing... You're going to sell me later, the captain's coming. Mr. Mademoiselle, I'm having dinner served on the deck. Surely you will join me? Why, thanks. We'd be glad to. And the Captain Perry, of course. He feels better. We're just waiting for him now. Uh, forgive me if I make a suggestion. Take that young man home, Monsieur, as soon as you can. Why?  Surely you knew that he... Yes, I knew, but he doesn't. Ah, la guerre, la sale guerre. What did he mean? That's what he said. And if you say one word about it to Mike, you'll never see a penny of that money.   The military postal service moves mail seven days a week to over 70 countries worldwide. U.S. commercial aircraft and ships transport most military mail from the U.S. Publications and parcels which qualify travel by air when space is available through the SAM and PAL programs. Even the most isolated places receive mail often by a combination of air, sea and land transportation. The military postal service bringing the whole world closer to you. I have the right to say how I feel and I feel right. We all have our duty. It's part of the deal. And that's all right. When you're proud and I don't mind saying I'm proud about the way I'm playing this game. Following the play, our star Elizabeth Scott will join us for a curtain call. Now it's act three of Saigon starring John London's Larry and Elizabeth Scott as Susan. A few hours ago, the river boat tied up at a wharf in the bustling, modern city of Saigon. Lieutenant Keon of the regional police has gone to his headquarters while his companions on the river are registered in a luxurious hotel preparing for an evening celebration. In her room, Susan has a visitor. I'll be right with you, Mike. Come on in. It isn't Mike. Oh, well, come in anyway. Oh, thanks. I want to tell you that I'm very grateful. You mean my conduct with Mike? Then everything's exactly as you wanted it. Exactly. Is that why I found this gift in my room? It's a very lovely dress. I'm glad you like it. Why did you send it? Why not? Look, you did something kind while being ashamed of it. I'm not. You're nice to Mike and I appreciate it. Well, how long are you going to stay in Saigon? You mean when are you going to get the money? It's possible you'll get it tomorrow. What if I wasn't thinking about that? What if I... Hey, Skipper, we're ready to go. Come here. Look what I found. Mamma Mia. Sozzy. I never saw anything so beautiful. It's just the dress, Mike. Well, have fun, kid. Hey, what do you mean? Aren't you coming along? I have another plan. I've been all afternoon finding a couple of tomatoes. We'll meet them on a terrace. Maybe we'll see you there. Come on, Skipper. Oh, there's no doubt about it, Sozzy. You're dancing with the luckiest guy in the world. Lucky, Mike. You... Good friends, a pocket full of dough, my health and wonderful company. Oh, hey, look. There they are, the Skipper and Pete. And friends. Let's buzz their table, eh? Hey, not bad. Anything you want, Mike. These mice don't understand English. Do you, sweetie? Very nice. I approve. They was lonely. Saigon debitants. I was watching you, Mike. You and Sozzy cut a very nice rug. She's a wonderful dancer, Skipper. Are you going to take his word for it? Okay, Mike. Sure.  I didn't want to force this dance on you, but I have to talk to you. What's the matter? It's Mike. Oh, it isn't fair to him. What I'm doing. Why not? Come on. Let's go where it isn't so crowded. It isn't fair to Mike. What about it? He deserves someone as nice as he is. He prefers you. That's because he doesn't know what I'm like. What are you like? I'll tell you exactly what I'm like.  You see, I'm not like Mike.  We've both been kicked around. That kiss. I could do better than that if I really wanted to. And I do. Hey, Skipper, I think maybe we oughta... Oh, sir, that's how it is. It's all right, Pete. I'm leaving. Well, Skipper? Relax. Cut the girls and let's get out of here. It's getting late, Mike. Haven't we better call it a night? What's the matter, Susie? Nothing, really. Look at me. I've got a lot to tell you, Susie. I don't know where to start. Oh, don't say it, Mike. Not yet. Things have happened so fast tonight. I'd like to think about it. Allow me. Sure. But while you're thinking about things, remember something. That I promised to love you like nobody else could love you. Will you remember that? Yes, Mike. Come on. I'll take you to your room. Let me go along, Mike, please. It's no hour to be knocking on your door, is it? Where's Mike? Still on the terrace. I just left him. Well? He wants me to marry him. Well, lots of people think very highly of marriage. What's wrong? Oh, nothing at all. Very few girls are as lucky as I am. Let me be the first to congratulate you. They dream of having my luck, and all that most of them can manage is just the common variety of love that you can find anywhere. But Mike thinks I'm the best thing that ever was. So even if it's only for a little while, I'm going to grab him. Well, will you be best man-major Briggs, or do you prefer to give the broad away? Unless you want Mike to see how happy you are, you'd better go to your room. I'll talk to you later. What are you going to tell him, Larry? To look up a minister the first thing in the morning. That's what he wants. Let him have it. I've been waiting for you, Susan. Oh, Alex. I didn't mean to start with you. I could have waited until morning, but I knew you'd be anxious about me. But that shooting when we were at the plane... You thought I was dead. Yes. And you left without me. I did not like that. However, the briefcase is safe. It is, isn't it? The money's gone, Alex. I don't have it. No, but Major Briggs has. You wonder how I know. Well, there's an excellent view of the terrace from your balcony here. From early evening, I've been enjoying it. I'll get your money, Alex. My way. Lucy, may I come in? Come in, Major. We were just talking about you. My favorite subject. Quite obviously, you did not expect to find me here. I came for my money, Major Briggs. It's in a safe place. But as to getting it, now that's something we'll have to talk about. I'm not really worried. I'll get it. And Susie knows how, don't you, Susie? Now, if you don't mind, I'll go back to my room. Just a moment. There's one thing I'm not likely to forgive, Major. Your treatment of my secretary. Oh. She's been compelled to be charming to three thieves. Anybody I know? I'll get away from that door. Thank you, Simon. Anyone else hiding behind doors? You know I never go anywhere without Simon. You can get your money without this sort of mess. How? Mike Perry. He's dying. He doesn't know about it. Captain Perry? That's a great pity. He's in love with me. And if I... Well, if I play along for a while, Major Briggs will return the money. Mike doesn't have much time or a couple of months. All this for a friend, Major. Beautiful. But I won't wait two months or even two days. You always... Be sensible, Major. That's a gun in Simon's hand. And the situation can be clarified very simply. I'm sure that Captain Perry wouldn't want his attentions forced on Miss Cleaver. So were he to know that he's dying? Yes. We'll go to his room now and tell him. You'll tell him nothing. The money's in a package at the post office. Post office? I mailed it from the riverboat. It's addressed to me, care of general delivery. I'll have to call for it in person. But in that case, we will adjourn to your room, Major. We'll keep company with you until the post office opens. Come along, Susan Diff. But if we're leaving in the morning, Alex, I... I'd better get some rest. If you'd rather? I can sleep easier now that I don't have to look forward to weeks of holding the infant's little hot hands. Good night, Alex, dear. Good night, Major. Sorry you can't join us in a glass of rat poison. You have an unfortunate way of irritating people, Major. Everyone seems to want to strike you. Even Susan. Is it too cool here on the balcony, Major?  No. Very well, Simon. We'll stay on the balcony four hours more. Tell me something, Mr. Maris. How much do you pay, Simon, here? Why? I know where you can get a better job. Why don't you tell Simon? Thank you. I will. Simon, this job pays very well. A half a million dollars for one night's work. 500,000 bucks. It's too bad Simon doesn't talk. I'm sure he'd like to say something. He doesn't have to say a word. All he has to do is stop pointing that gun at me and start pointing it at you. Well, Simon? Hey, Skipper. Skipper, open up. I took the mice home and I want a report. Tell him to go to bed. If the police are brought into this, I don't see how I could deny that you and your friends are associated with me. Not a pleasant prospect for Captain Perry. Dying in jail. Skipper. Better get to bed, Pete. I'll see you in the morning. What's up? Who's in there with you? Skipper. Very well, if he is so persistent. Let him in, Simon. Won't you come in, Sergeant? How can I refuse? We're here on the balcony.  All the way from Shanghai. This is Mr. Maris. The silent partner with the artillery is Simon. Oh, Mr. Maris, huh? Glad to meet you. And simple, Simon. Take care of Maris, Skipper. Pete, balcony, look out. Pete! The hotel manager, Major Briggs. The police are returning. You are Mr. Chanuk? Yes. Lieutenant Keon has asked that you continue to wait here in my office. What about Pete Rocco? How is he? I told you he was taken to the hospital. That's all I know. Oh, to think that such a thing would happen in this... Let me remind you once again, Major. My name for the time being is Chanuk. And in case you're in the mood for exchanging confidences with Lieutenant Keon, remember that your friend's stupidity has served only to implicate you further. Don't worry, Maris. The police won't get you. Forgive me for being so long. There were several details I want to check on. What about Pete? Did you call the hospital? No, no, not yet. No. Just to refresh my memory, gentlemen. The first you knew of this quarrel between Sergeant Rocco and the deceased was when you heard the thud as they fell to the terrace. We both heard it. We were together at the time. Yes, of course. Yes. What was the name again, sir? Simon. Edward Simon. I mean your name, sir. Chanuk. Spelled with one N. Thank you, Mr. Chanuk. Would you mind calling the hospital again, please? I asked them to ring us here if there was any change in Sergeant Rocco's condition. You know the sergeant, intimately, Major. What motive could there be for such a quarrel? I don't know. We've been trying to figure it out ourselves, Lieutenant. Thank you both. I'm sorry I detained you, Mr... Chanuk. Oh, yes, with one N. You may go now. I suggest you remain in your room. Of course. Good night, Lieutenant. No. What about Captain Perry? He's asleep. He doesn't know anything about this. He knows all about it, Major. One of my men is up there with him now. Mike had nothing to do with this. He never met Chanuk and he never met Simon. So I understand. Just a routine questioning, Major. He won't be held. Yes. Yes, this is Keon. Yes, Doctor. I see. Thank you. Sergeant Rocco is dead. I'm truly sorry. Dead. Can I go there to the hospital? Yes, yes, I suppose so. Major, remember we spoke of Miss Creeper's employer, Mr. Marris? Beg me. Why? The Shanghai police are looking for him. Also for half a million dollars that did not come from Mr. Marris's exporting business. Tell me about it some other time. We might never have heard of his collaboration with the enemy if, in his anxiety to leave Shanghai, he had not killed a policeman. You may go now. I'll get Mike. He'll want to come with me to the hospital. It won't be easy telling him about Sergeant Rocco. I'd better go with you. Suit yourself.  Yeah. At the end of the corridor. And Miss Creeper's room? Just ahead of us. Mr. Chanock's room is right opposite? Is it? I don't know. Wait a moment. I wonder if Mr. Chanock obeyed orders. I told him to stay in his room. I guess. I can hear voices. A familiar voice, Major? Susan. She's in there. And she has not failed me. What are you talking about? Never mind. Just listen. I've been waiting for you, Alex. But I have your money, Alex. Here in this package. They've searched this room. Don't you know them? Come in, Lieutenant. The postmaster was most courteous, Lieutenant. He opened the post office personally. Well, take your money, Alex. You lied, killed and stole to get it. And now it's yours. It would seem that we both misjudged her, Mr. Maris. I did kill to get this money. And I won't hesitate to kill again to keep it. Now get out on the balcony. All of you.  Give me your gun. The hotel is surrounded. You cannot get away. Perhaps not. But it won't be you who stops me. I'm going straight out that door and... Mike! No! Stay where you are! Be careful like he's got a gun. That's too bad, Major. The trick won't work.  Now out on the balcony. All of you! Let him go, Major. He won't get far. Major, come back! Captain Payne. I'm here, Mike. Susan. Susan, I... I love... Mike. Oh, no. No. So, if it's all right with you, Lieutenant, I want to leave Saigon. Now, this afternoon. You won't be detained. Thank you for getting Maris alive. He wouldn't be alive if your men hadn't... He's alive. Mike and Peter dead. That's justice, isn't it? Yes, it is. At times, it can be very costly. Stop it. The trouble with us, Major, is that we love too many things. It complicates us. Once, I was little more than a beggar. I loved no one, and so I hurt no one. I was loved by no one, so I was hurt by no one. I lived only for myself, so I needed no one but myself. I was the disciple of nothingness, emotional perfection, the one happy man. There's nothing else Lieutenant, I'll say goodbye. I'm trying to help you. I'm not getting very far, Emma. Let me only say this. You and your friends had plans, didn't you? I too had a plan to get Maris. I was going to let all of you work things out for me. All very nice and tied up in a pretty package. It seems I never learned that in every mortal plan, there's always the invisible hand. Not in his plans, Lieutenant. I'm his fever. He knows just what he's going to do, and nothing can stop him. But here's one time it didn't work out that way, did it? Well, what do I do now? Why ask me? Why not?  Yeah, sure. How does it feel to run out of answers? Just like us ordinary humans? Susie, please, please. Oh, Larry, don't. Don't blame yourself. This happened because it had to happen. Maybe, maybe if we try to find the answer, maybe if we try together. Together? Yeah. Maybe we can. If we try together. Oh, here is Frank Brzee and our star. Elizabeth Scott, thank you for a fine performance in our radio adaptation of the Paramount Picture Saigon. Thank you, Frank. It's so nice to be here. During your film career, you spent many happy days on the Paramount lot, didn't you? Oh, they were ecstatic days, wonderful days. How long were you on Paramount's lot? Let's see, 15 years. That was a lot of fun. What was it like making a movie in those days? Oh, it's much more complex than most people, you know, realize. I had to get up at five o'clock in the morning, which I adored, really, and I'd get into makeup, have my breakfast, get on the set, start shooting at nine o'clock until maybe six or seven o'clock at night, then have fittings for wardrobe and all that sort of thing. It went on and on, but it was great happiness. Well, and you lived close to the studio, didn't you? Not too far away. I'd say about a half hour. Well, I understand that your home in the Hollywood Hills is filled with antiques. What kind of items do you collect? I love antiques, and I've got all sorts of antiques. I've got antiques in silver, and I've got antiques in crystal, crystal animals, and I've got, right now, a lot of people have involved with little tiny China shoes. They're really, I don't mean Chinese shoes, I mean, made of China, right, and they are exquisite to collect. And whenever I go traveling, I always find myself a little shoe in Brazil, Uruguay, Europe, whatever. That sounds exciting.  Thank you, Frank. Thank you so much. Thank you for joining me for another production of the Radio Theatre. This is Frank Brzee saying, Good night to you from Hollywood.