Thanks again everybody thanks for coming back in we will now begin the exciting porting portion of the afternoon Actually, I think it's already been fairly exciting, but this is another thing that I'm There's a theme in this room. It's all stuff. I didn't know three months ago Like all of it. I thought I was pretty smart, but I was wrong apparently So this is a talk about in unicernals It turns out that a unicernal is a very interesting thing with a lot of cool uses that I had no idea about Our distinguished guest Uli is going to start talking about them and then our intern Ali Raza Has been working with us all summer and is working on a PhD in this subject. We'll continue from there. Thanks, Uli All right, I want to keep it short So Ali is the one who's doing the work and he deserves to speak for that. So I just want to say that unicernals have been and orn will Expand on this if necessary. You have been of interest in academia for a while So when we are talking about something in this area, which then also is useful for Red Hat specifically or the industry in general Well, we don't like to start out from scratch and do something else and expand our code base Which we have to maintain and support tremendously So when we discussed this a couple of months ago, so we came to the conclusion Well, let's try to do something else Let's try to do something where we are not expanding our code base that much where we are trying to use exactly What we are already doing as Red Hat So last corner links user land environment and try to do something which is Provides the benefits of a unicernal which Ali will explain in a bit for those who are not aware of this But in the same time make something which we can actually support and that's going to be the Entity what Ali will present is yes. This is actually possible and For us this means that perhaps we will actually be able to base products on that and we will do Be able to do more research in exactly that area going forward. So I might just speak a couple more words in the end, but for now, let's talk. Let's Yes, so I don't have a display over here, so I'll have to just point there So hi everybody, I'm Ali and I'll be talking about the project that I did over the summer Unicernals based on Linux my advisors for the project are Oli and Richard Jones from Red Hat and my PhD advisor professor Oran Frieger from BU and Also from Boston University my fellow PhD students Jim and Tommy who've been also involved in this project and have been helping with this project So first questions first. What is a unicernal? So this is what a normal kernel looks like there's a separation between the kernel space and a user space The kernel contains whatever the applications might need file systems device drivers the core OS functionality for example scheduler or memory management things like that and multiple applications run on top of that But in a Unicernal, there's just one application which includes only the required functionality in it as a as a library Whatever is that is come contained in this one binary, which then runs on top of the hardware This is what a Unicernal is Now the next big question why Unicernals and the answer is really simple because they're great So why are they great first of all they're lightweight because The Unicernal only contains the required functionality the bare minimum required functionality that at that an application needs and nothing else Which means that for example, let's say if there's an application which does not need the file system support The kernel will the Unicernal will not have the file system support in it Which means smaller attack surface because there's a lot less code to exploit Also, the Unicernal when booting up will only initialize devices and other things that the application needs So that results in faster boot times Unicernals also give us improved performance because since there's no Separation between a user space and a kernel space there. We do not do not incur the ring transition overhead And with the Unicernal we can do application specific optimizations For example in a Unicernal you can have very efficient Extremely stripped-down network stack because there's only one application that uses it and there are many Unicernals out there for example abrT Click OS Mirage OS and many others and as I already said they give us huge performance benefits For example abrT gives us more than two times memcache D throughput as compared to something running on simple Linux links own website which runs on link Unicernal takes only 25 MB of memory and Network processing software made on click OS the Unicernal it processes more than five million packets per second and its Booter time is under 30 milliseconds. So as As we see Unicernals are great, but They're they've mostly been limited to academic and research circles. They're not as widely used One of the reasons is that they are not general purpose which means that you cannot just take any application and Compile it into a Unicernal without modification So what we're going to do we're going to look at why that is the case and what can we do for it? So starting off with the development model of Unicernals This is one of the main reasons that Unicernals are not as widely used There are two approaches to basically build a Unicernal that have been taken by developers who develop different Unicernals First is the clean slate approach where you start fresh write the entire Unicernal yourself build it from the ground up and second is that you Excuse me second is that you fork an existing code base for example Linux or net BST change it modify it Do all the optimizes you optimizations that you want strip it down and make make a Unicernal out of it As we discussed this is a great approach. This has Nice advantages to it. For example, the developers have total control over the code They can do different optimizations that I want to do and this results in great performance benefits But it also has its drawbacks For example, you cannot just run any legacy application on these Unicernals without modification Since there's no community around these Projects for example as compared to Linux or glibc where there's an entire huge community which they keeps maintaining these projects These Unicernal projects, they don't have that community around them. So they are maintaining and testing nightmare So what can the future be what questions can we ask? The main question that we ask is how can we change the development model? Can this Unicernal be part of the Linux code base the Linux project on and the glibc project in? This developer in this development model the main thing would be that you just need a Unicernal that works It does not it might not be the best Unicernal are the most optimized Unicernal out there It just has to work and as over the years as Linux has undergone Incremental improvements this Unicernal when it will be part of Linux code base or the glibc code base It will also undergo incremental optimizations And also since this is a huge community they will keep maintaining this Unicernal as part of the Linux and the glibc code base What are the advantages for it first of all we don't have to reinvent the wheel we can just simply use the entire Linux code base Which means that we have unchanged API for developers and for legacy applications and We can support all the different device drivers file systems which results in a Unicernal Which can run in virtual machine as well as on bare metal. That's an important thing So imagine with all this if if this were true if we could do this Imagine a Unicernal with GPU support. How cool would that be? right so Now the big question the big elephant in the room is it even possible? So yes over the summer we built such an Unicernal which is based which is based on Linux what I'm going to show you is that Unicernal booting up We have a simple TCP server running on it so As soon as I can figure it out So you will see the kernel booting up and then you will see the server come up So if you can all see this is this is what we've done over the summer a Unicernal on Linux Which runs a simple server and it works Now what we'll discuss is what were the goals for this project and how did we actually do it? Goals these are based on pretty much what I've discussed before We want upstream acceptance We want something which we want to make as little changes to the Linux code base and the G-Lib C code as possible So they we have a higher chance of this getting accepted upstream We want an unchanged Linux API. We want this Unicernal to be deployed on to be able to deploy it on virtual machines and bare metal and We want Unicernals which are application specific Talking about the architecture. This is a normal Linux architecture Know how a normal next looks like there's kernel space user space. There's applications user libraries than the C library Normally what happens is that the application makes function calls in the C library and function calls into user library The user library then makes function calls into the C library and normally it is the C library which then makes System calls into the next kernel now since this is a Unicernal. We don't want this system call functionality What we have in its place is a very small UKL library and what that does is simply C library makes function calls not system calls function calls into the C into the UK library which then calls appropriate code in the kernel and All of this together is our Linux based Unicernal and when we compile it This all becomes one big binary There's no separation between different libraries different address spaces This is just one thing which runs on hardware Now this is what we've done currently this is what this is where we are now But in the future what we want is we don't want this UK library to be there We want some of its functionality to be part of the C library and some of its functionality to be part of the next kernel And this is what we want are finally Linux based Unicernal to look like So here are some of the implementation details So this might look like that in order to build this Unicernal based on Linux We had to do so many different changes to the Linux code base the glibc, but that is not the case Here we have the main dot c file from the Linux next tree in it Just before the user space is started we add our own function the K main which comes from the application So just before the user space is started we call our own function This came in now. This is some application code this came in as you can see is provided by the application Continuing with the example of the TCP server that we discussed earlier that I showed you booting up This is simple TCP server code as you can see the headers are same as what any application headers might look like The main thing is the initializations code now Normally the initializations are done by system D But in our case we have to do them ourselves In a initialization code will run before the application code will run and it will do the application specific initializations in our case We are bringing up the network interface in this TCP server example, so that goes go code goes in initializations after that the rest of the code remain same and and an interesting thing you look at the bottom is that this function does not return Because this is just one process in the current right now if this returns Then the kernel will be rendered unusable. So this function does not return Now coming on to how we compile and build this and run this As compared to how you will compile and build a normal application what we're doing with in our case is We're compiling the application code We're also compiling the ukl library and we're packaging both of them together into a ukl.a and archive After that after making an archive what we're doing is we're borrowing a lot of functionality from the Linux kernel build process So while we're making the kernel in the linking phase we add our ukl.a our archive So it gets linked at link time and that becomes one binary which can then deploy it Right now we're testing it on QMU. So the the video that I showed you was this same this in this unicernel running on QMU In the future what we want is We just want to call make on a user application We just want to say okay use this compiler ukl.gcc compiler and that's it You run make on your application and it should give you a unique kernel Which can then be deployed on bare metal on virtual machine or on some emulator like QMU So there were a lot of positive outcomes over the summer the things that we can build on for example We just added one line to the Linux code base The glibc code the redirection code which instead of making the system system calls in the kernel Which does function calls into the ukl library that is in a separate sub tree API remained unchanged and Because of all this most of the user libraries will not have to be re-compiled for unicernel for our unicernel The ones which do make direct system calls We just need to change the name of the function and they can also be used with our unicernel So we believe that with these modest changes our chances of getting accepted upstream eventually are very high So what are the next steps There's lots to do first of all as I said we need to take care of take care of the initializations That are normally done by system D So whenever an application code runs before that we have application specific initializations that run Also we need config options so that user based on their application can tell okay This is these are the things that I need these turn on these this functionality and not this turn off this based on What the application needs and does not need So that our unicernel is extremely application specific trim down We want support for p-threads and c++ Also, we need to clean up everything as I showed you earlier right now We're borrowing a lot from the Linux build process We want to clean this up in it should in nice and pretty way that this can be finally accepted upstream also We want final of automatic optimization so that instead of users telling us that this is what the application needs we can just look at the code and Only include those things that are needed by that application. So this I think I have my work cut out for my phd so Based on what we've done and what we plan to do there are a lot of Interesting research questions and interesting questions that we can ask For example, what are the performance and start time? Benefits that we can get for example, if we don't do any optimizations at all just run it as it is What is the benefit the performance and start time benefit that we can get as compared to simple Linux kernels? If we only do link time optimizations What are the benefits that we get then and also after that? Building on what a lot of other research unique kernels have done for example customized code paths and preemptible threads Sorry, non-preemptible threads things like that How can we get those optimizations into our unique kernel and then see what are the benefits that we can get? Also, once we add all those up to keep adding all those optimizations to our to our unique kernel Can we still keep the changes to a minimum so that this can still be acceptable upstream? And also this unique kernel model. How can we you know get benefit of its security? Guarantees that it can give us and we want to look at the Performance and security benefits with all the different use cases that are in use today For example, normal cloud workloads memcache D. How can we improve the performance of memcache D and give better security? guarantees, how can faster boot times help functions as a service Can we explore these benefits in other use cases for example HPC and embedded systems? And also for example the self storage if there's an application which is extremely IO intensive What can we do to optimize that in our use case here? So yes, as I said based on what we did and what we're going to do there are a lot of interesting questions that are out there and We'll be looking at them and now I'll ask Uli to Give his comments in his input and where this project is going Should be back on yet. Okay So hopefully you're a little bit more excited about the topic than before if you didn't know anything about it before Now it should be a little bit more excited. So the main benefit is that we don't have to change much code So that is makes it this is a prerequisite for record actually using this in some future So if we actually get to the point that we can't do this We have to just recompile the kernel and some of the low-level libraries with a special option And we get it to be usable in as a unicorn So the you saw a couple of slides back there which we call in the moment UK LGC So however, we are going to call this in the future is remains to be seen But the goal is really that the build process the only thing which a program has to change is to change use a different compiler So we will have to get from the kernel build process all the code which makes up the kernel normally as an archive That's the part we can get the startup code Some of it perhaps to be dynamically generated when the program comes up based on the configuration of the program the user is providing Then the user code see by itself Plus perhaps some third-party archives of some sort and as Ali mentioned We don't even have to recompile them in many cases if these archives are not doing any system calls The ABI hasn't changed and we can just reuse them So all of this gets linked together. We have something which can boot then Regardless of what it is and what it is running. So parts of the work which have to do as well is make this more generic So we might have to add initialization things like DHCP server clients He said for these kind of things, but we know about this and where we're on the track to do that So what you see here on the slides for instance is something which is a little bit alien to me So this is not my world for things like function as a service So I talked with Oren about this and he said yeah, no problem We can port in a JVM on top of a unicorn in a couple of days because he has done that in the past So I'm looking forward to that. So Okay So no, she has some Python on that is very much. So for those anyone here know a micro Python So micro Python is Python implementation for micro controllers So I wanted to have this basically a normal Python in the unicorn which is the equivalent that for my larger machines Which just can do that and as Ali said this has implication not only for performance It also means that some of the attacks which might exist out that will have no effect because all of a sudden these programs looking completely different So but the function as a service the main thing so back to that kind of thing for function as service the main Draw is that you don't waste running the code if if there's no user around So you only spin up the code when it is necessary and for this to be useful the hysteresis of the Of the control system which decides when you shut down the process and when you start it up again Has to be as narrow as possible to be efficient as possible and the first the startup time is of the process The narrow you can make it the more energy can save the less resources you're using Normal color boots up if you tune it you can make good it down to let's say 30 seconds this thing We can perhaps put up in a millisecond So it's much more efficient than that We can just kill it and bring it up back up again and have the same function running again So I think this this and the other part which I want to mention as well So in my life in my career here. I'm mostly Interesting not in in Java services and these kind of things I'm mostly interested in high-performance low-latency computing etc among them are some machine learning now Which is just machine high-performance computing and what has been bothering the HPC community at the very least For a long time is that they don't have control over the machine as much as they want So they are doing things like core isolation now and moving interrupts a specific course and all these kind of things Imagine if they are combining the application now as a unicorn and have 100% control over how the different courses that were used Vince But even in even in that use case you're still saying that this would have to be invocable through something like QMU or otherwise Could be but and so even in the HPC cluster and functions as a service the thing would be running likely as non-route like Yeah function as a service yes, you would run this in the container virtual machine And bring this up there. So this can boot on naked hardware It can boot on a virtual machine. You don't need QMU under this QMU is just for the development This is this just like a normal Linux kernel, which you would have instead. It doesn't spawn the PID one It does the work internally That's the only difference. So this is what's what Ali showed there in the slide So in a D the exit V is the one which spawns in it The PID one we took this out. We run the code directly. So this is actual code Which can boot on the bay a metal or virtual machines. So can I jump in for a second? So two points first of all I never said two days But couple one thing I just want to emphasize here that it's been said but just is really important to me is that you know there's all this work going on now because we're dealing with really high-speed devices and SSDs and and Networks are going up to 100 gigabits and people are mood using DP DK and SP DK and doing things in user level and bypassing the operating system and You know this approach gives you a totally different alternative way of addressing these problems You know hugely less complexity to recompile your program in this way have a part of the kernel And then we can start seeing incrementally how to get rid of copies and things like that So I think it's going to be a much much more efficient way And the second thing is because the application and the kernel are bundled together It's an encapsulated object so you can snapshot this thing you can move this state around you can replicate it And so it becomes a manageable object in much easier way than what we have today And that's what these guys are actually looking at with function service One question we are on like security in this way when you go to compile it Do you only pull in the pieces of the Linux kernel that you care about so like for example file system drivers? Blah-blah-blah, etc. Yeah, so that's the that's the goal So for the time being so Ali mentioned that we are going to work this based on config options But later on so there's a mention of link time optimization So in this path in the compiler we actually know a lot about global information about the code We have because we see all the code So if everything is compiled with LTO enabled we actually not only have the source for the binary cotons on We have all the meta information still available there you can run information discovery based on that you can find out Oh, yeah, there's never going to be a file system access. So we compile this out. There's never going to be SCCP SCCP protocol we compile that out. We never have TCP compile that out So imagine how small the attack surface all of a sudden becomes So you said that there is going to be little changes needed for the user space or the kernel program But just curious if there's any sort of Programming constructs that would be encouraged such as avoiding floating point or mutex's and semaphores in the lake Yeah, so jump in if you're wrong. So now the the thing is that The only thing which you cannot do is call fork So this is the one process environment And everything else should work So we have our work cut out so part of the slides was that we have to enable TLS we have to enable C++ initialization all these kind of things constructors this remains work to be done But we're expecting that we actually can have the the ABI on API being 100% compatible to add what it is and the The mutex and so the synchronization parts and so on so multiple threads We will support of course we have to support and the synchronization is using few taxes and the kernel internally is already using few taxes There is nothing in there. The only thing is that instead of having a system call We are actually using function calls in time internally Okay, I Just had a quick question. You said talked about running Java and I see all kinds of alligators Right if you have dynamic class loading, then all of a sudden you weren't using a particular TCP and now you are So you can't know ahead of time We do you that's one of the limitations which you have there So we need to have not a JVM binary. You need to have the archive which makes it up and everything is statically linked Dynamic linking will not will not well at least not initially supported. So theoretically we could do these kind of things but then we would rely on Not the whole program and another analysis to actually decide what to leave out or not then it will become a user configurable and The other one What you said you're limited to one thread right no one process one process so I can start up several GC threads and yeah, no other things, okay Big difference post post expose post X thread post X process So in other words or an already did this work in the past and this is why I claimed he said today's work Have there been any upstream comments yet or we haven't passed this on to upstream right now, so but the as I did describe it so far the only real change in the corner is the single line of code which we have to do that There will be a little bit more is unquestionably be there, but we can isolate these kind of things We will have discussions with the folks So the C library part is even less controversial So after fixing a couple of bugs in there only thing which I had to do is add some Subtree to the source code and it hasn't has it's not touched by any other configuration. So I see no objections Do you have a gate link or I could help link to that? Do you have a gate or it could help link to that not yet? So it's all private in a moment, but we are going to have this at some point soon Clean up we want to clean up a lot of the build process before we go upstream I Really got it the server to work a couple of days ago, so there were a couple of challenges and he had many papers to write lamest professors From a security perspective So if the application in the kernel are separate when the application is compromised and the attacker also has to find the Fault in the kernel to also have control of the whole system But when you combine them all into the same memory space then when the application is compromised the whole system is now Compromise right so is that not so but the problem with compromising a kernel is only that then you can use it to leverage Compromising the other applications running on it, but if there are no other applications, what do you gain?


Hello everybody, welcome to my channel. It's Eva from Bohemian Crafting and today I'm coming to share with you my small digital collection of frames Which I created They will be on Etsy and this video will be linked on the Etsy with the listing of these frames And I'm coming to share with you how you can use them in your journals. So once you will fussy cut out I will use one of them a few of them Once you will fussy cut out those frames you can also cut out The inside images and that will gives you beautiful window, the slots for posting the picture inside and then you can just manage it As an extra pocket in your journals, you can totally distress it to make it dark And then it's entry from here, and I think I just slide it too far. Oh Here I didn't pull up here. I didn't place the acetate piece so I can go from both sides I can go from here with bigger picture or I can just slide the picture behind and I do have also frames With acetate piece. So then I will glue it on all four sides because here I do have entry and You can decorate it with your stamps with labels. You can make it totally Decorate it with anything you want. You can embossed part of these frames Or you can add it there the cheesecloth underneath and make it like dimensional decoration in your journals So today I'm gonna grab some of them There is sheet where are those inside photos There is sheet with those nature style inside tags then is sheet with The hot air balloons those inside tags and frames around there is one sheet with Booklets, which I will use today as well. And there is also sheet with plain This color plain frames like this like booklets so you can use them as a booklet or today I will show you how to make extra pocket Which you can just put to the pocket in your journal So I've cut here these two These I'm gonna use like a book one like a booklet and one I will create extra pocket And I have printed this one on 170 gsm paper. It's nice Grammash. I did the double-sided print. So I will have something inside straight away What do you need to do with this? It's just cut between and then you will have two Two starters and we will continue with that this one I have printed on 300 gsm because I want to make this like extra frames with extra tag So 300 gsm is perfect for that. It's nice and strong and the tags will be exactly The frames will be exactly so I'm gonna cut out one frame of this and I'm gonna Cut between those two So I'm gonna start with those booklets my printer is printing images with that white frame all around so I Cut the sheet between those two Those two booklets One booklet I cut all that white frame around and I'm gonna keep it this way The other one I left that white frame in there because I will actually use that not printed Edges as a fold which I will glue together. So from this one, I'm gonna make just simple booklet So I'm gonna fold it half. I do have the double-sided print and I choose kind of like Universal print inside I choose grid print paper because I think it can be that you know You can flip it flop it any side any side you want and you still have good Space to write on even if you will have use if you will use any this way you can use it You can write in those lines My explanation, so I just fold it half. I'm gonna open it. I'm gonna use this crop a dial on one eighth of inch and I'm gonna punch the holes here in those marks here and I'm gonna take a knife and ruler and I'm gonna cut the slot between those two holes like this So here I do have slot I'm gonna fold it half and take my ruler and measure the size of my of this front front piece There are two files in the listing in that In this listing with those frames One is for a for size paper Here I do have actually those empty frames So one size of those files in those files is for a for size paper The other one it's for a US letter size paper US letter size paper It's a little bit wider and shorter. So In that US letter size files These images are exactly same but because they are a little bit shorter because of the size of of that paper and Because that paper in the US on the US letter size, it's wider than a for in that US letter size file Those images will have also extra small images on the side. There are some letters and numbers It was just to fill that gap, you know fill that paper do not leave. There are some empty spots I don't like to waste paper. So that's why I added there just some numbers and letters But these images will be exactly same So measure how big not this way this way how big Place you have this this is three and Seven eight by five and five eights I'm gonna cut from Another cardstock piece, which I will glue it here inside So I do have here piece of cardstock. I did I this cardstock and it's in the size of my front Front panel slightly smaller to make sure I can close it without any issue. I'm gonna put glue All around on the edge of this piece and I'm gonna glue it down and Here I left even that inside image. I didn't put it out This image. I'm gonna keep it like it is this way Gonna let it dry.  I distressed also edges using ground espresso Distress ink from Ranger So I use it. I use that all around outside and inside as well and now just one tag Slide it here and your simple booklet is done You can use any kind of stamps and labels and decorate it more. This is just for base Here I do have that other half and I didn't cut out That white frame all around I'm gonna fold it half and It's still from that 170 gsm paper, which is the Kind of medium weight It's strong enough to create beautiful pocket. It's strong enough to create extra, you know holder for tax So I fold it half here. I'm gonna use my scissors and Cut this corner. Where is that white frame? I should first use the ruler and some scoring tool So I've got a ruler and I've got tweezers because I can't find my scoring tool my small one Normal bone folder. It will be probably too big to score So I'm gonna use tweezers and with this end because it does have rounded edge It doesn't have sharp edge. It does have rounded edge. So I can use it you can use closed scissors if they are not too sharp here on the end closed scissors and with closed scissors you can go right next to your Ruler and score these white frames if your printer is printing with those white frames or with tweezers. I Already tried that here. So I know I do have their score incline So score those white frames If you have a printer which is printing on full Full sheet you will need to make extra fold That's what I'm gonna do here on the top.  I Can use that white frame So where I made those score lines using my tweezers and scissors I'm just gonna cut this here. I do have cut it and I don't need it on both sides. I needed just on one side.  So from here I'm gonna cut it off Where I made that score line kind of like navigator for me here. I do have that Hinge or fold for the top.  You can cut just around The picture there is the edge Just around the picture So you will end with the frame with two Brown lines here or you can cut where is this Brown line all around and it will give you a little bit bigger inside stack like I did it here This picture is cut Exactly around that picture this one this one is cut it also with that first brown frame around The picture so here you can see I'm gonna flip it over so you can see This one which I cut with that brown frame around it's slightly bigger But both ways it works and I'm gonna show you the frames So here is the frame I cut The picture include that first brown frame this one first brown frame This bigger picture and here is the frame where I cut the picture exactly around so it's really You can't even notice that it doesn't matter. So if you will feel more comfortable use these lines around the picture and Cut that inside So I have cut out that inside frame I cut now the base and My mini tag.  I forgot to cut the notch inside that line inside So I'm gonna punch these two holes on the end of that slot like this and I can use a ruler and Cut between like this Now I can take my extra piece flip it over take a glue put a glue on my fold folded piece or a hinge or A side fold I Don't know how to say I'm gonna flip this over so I can see where I do have a ditch and I'm gonna Fold I'm gonna glue it right here inside of my frame I'm gonna fold also these side White strips make sure I can fold that them Later, so I'm gonna prepare my piece Okay, it's all that Is this glue? I hope it's holding nicely Now I can take my acetate piece.  Oh I think I made it too long. I made it too long. I think I didn't count properly. Okay. I'm gonna make a mark Yes, I mean too long so I have to make a mark for myself and Cut it shorter. So I'm gonna tell you once I will cut I Think I counted for all that frame before What I meant, you know to cover all that frame So five and one quarter not five and three quarters sorry so five and one quarter and start to glue it right about that entry that slot we cut here and cover that frame inside do not Put your acetate over this fold or over this fold now fold these sides in put there a glue and fold that other half Over it and glue it all together. We do have an entry because we cut that slot So we have a chance to put something inside Glue it all together You can actually put a little bit of glue here on that bottom So it will hold properly. It will don't get ripped off. So here on the bottom You can put a little bit of glue and glue that bottom of that slot To the paper So that way it will don't get ripped off and now we have beautiful Holder for for our tax photos so you can just slide it inside Like this use distress inks use maybe labels I could get those labels Label stickers. So maybe I can use some of them So I would put some labor sticker maybe here all around why not and Maybe some another one Which one? No, maybe this one. This is actually a good one. I'm gonna place it right here Fold it over Then I will use distress ink and distress all the edges So I have distressed all the edges with that ground espresso distress ink from Ranger And now you can add their stamps and stumps so you can add two ways Where you do have one way. It's where you do have that entry on the bottom. So Stump will be, you know with writing here or you can totally flip it up like this and This reminds me jeans pocket, you know, you will have entry from here So put your stumps this way to be readable, you know read a readable and You can use this pocket this way and you have beautiful insert to your to your journals and I'm gonna grab The frames I have printed On that 300 GSM. I'm gonna cut out those inside as well So I have cut out one frame including this slot. I do have here prepared this second frame and first I'm gonna Decorate it somehow. So I'm gonna use some labels and put their labels and some stamping I'm gonna take one label here, and I think I'm gonna just place it Here in that corner Hopefully I will remember. I think I'm gonna. Yeah, I put the hole here. That's good because now I need to know Where is the hole is so here where I'm placing also label I already punched the hole so I can see from bottom I'm gonna actually help myself Make it visible so then I can cut between and As you can see I put the label also on the part of that image I'm gonna use also this label here and I think I'm gonna use part here.   I use those stamps this way. So my pocket will be from here But you can use it this way as well. Definitely We have a booklet. We have beautiful tags Here it's how it looks like one one is cut it from that from that frame and I really like this look. It's easy to do And a few ideas how you can use these frames. I hope it was inspirational Definitely don't forget to use your embossing folders because it can make you know, it can make such and beautiful impact like this one or Here embossed effect use those acetate pieces or not They can make another perfect, you know spot for your tags. So this is my sharing for today This is especially for my etsy listing a link will be down below if you like those frames I hope you will like them and I hope you will use them in your journals Also with these booklets. You can kind of extend it also for that booklet with a pocket So this is my sharing for today. Thank you so so much for jumping in. Thank you so much for visiting me and spending your time with me today I wish you a beautiful day. Take care about yourself and I will I will see you soon. Bye


He did not think it had anything to do with racism because it's common where they're from. Unfortunately, it's a common word just like it is in rap and rap music like Dr. Bill said. You know, my good friend who was a WWE superstar and he's a very well-established personal trainer and he is also, he was a competitive award-winning bodybuilder in the South Florida area. He told me that he hears, I mean, he's friends with Hispanic, you know, Latin men that work out down there and some blacks and he says the blacks in the Latin community in South Florida are always angry and complaining and talking derogatory about whitey, whitey about Caucasian people. Everybody looks for a scapegoat when their life is not going well.   You know, if they knew the real truth, maybe they won't target race as much if they knew who was really making their lives difficult.  There's been a great propaganda campaign which has worked very well in getting the poor to fight the poor and pity the billionaires. Isn't that weird? Well, it's been very successful. Pity the billionaire. Well, I got news for you. If the top 20% paid their fair share in taxes for real, even if they paid the 91% tax rate of Truman and Eisenhower's days, they still would be filthy rich. They still would be living high on the hog and there's absolutely no reason to pity anybody who's wealthy, anyone. Well, they're not supposed to if you're biblically oriented. Well, if the Bible tells you to give to the poor and help the poor all the time, so the Bible is very progressive liberal, you know. Well, if you want to put it in those terms, but it's just being right. There you go. God's economics versus the devil's economics of the Republicans. Which is the way of it yet?   It's just big enough. The Republican Congress makes no comments about such statements at all. Which means they are there. The racism is a part of their political philosophy. Of course, because the Republicans live in the old days. Okay. Their thoughts and their policies, if they ever have any, are predicated upon the old days or what I call pedantry. Well, if their religious cult wants to interfere with politics in America, then they should pay taxes. Well, all religions should pay taxes, all churches. Yeah. Is that Billy early here or not here? No, Billy's not. I don't think so. We got Billy's not seen on. It better not be a personal call because I may have to get a little tough on the air. Oh, somebody should not be calling a consign. Yeah, see, you know who this sales sales or bill collectors, no bill collectors, sales persons. We have no bills that are owed in this place. In other words, the, the do not resuscitate. No, the do not call. That doesn't work. That doesn't work. Do not call.gov doesn't work. I was thinking of cease and desist letter, letter order again, from what I understand really works. Could be Omaha's stakes too. Yummy. Omaha's. Yummy by pricey. Really? Yeah. Yeah. Why are you kidding? Why is since the, the home state of that annoying tea bagger, Larry the cable guy, Nebraska, Omaha, Nebraska, since Nebraska is a huge producer of cattle, why are stakes always so expensive? I understand about seafood. You got to go out and find the fish. You got to buy diesel fuel for your commercial fishing boat. You got to hire a crew. You got to go out and find the fish. They don't come to you, but the cattle and that's like pigs. I guess Iowa, her Iowa's famous for pigs. Yeah. Corn, a lot of corn, but the point is that they're right in front of you. Reproducing. Well, maybe they're a little cheaper in those particular states, but you know, when they ship them out, my friend who's going to, that's why things should be local. My Indian friend who is going to college where the, uh, in Nebraska, the corn huskers, I think they call himself the football team. What is the university of Nebraska? Well, the main college in Nebraska, he's going there, tells me that the stakes are not cheap when you go to a restaurant. Something wrong, isn't there? Yeah, it's called capitalism. Well, read. Well, let us sink our piranha teeth into these readings. Our snaggle tooth tooth. Oh no. We don't have hillbilly teeth or the stereotypical, uh, English teeth. We have nice teeth. Don't make these people think we have snaggle teeth. Uh, we cannot control what people think. Screw them. You bastards. If you're going to post something on YouTube, be accurate. Get your facts. The letters supporting Bridget Harrison's recent column are a cause for concern. Harrison and the letter writer blasted fellow Democrats who have announced their support for Governor Christie. Oh God. Oh boy. Would they take the same position if a Republican broke party ranks to endorse state Senator Barbara Bono? Yay, Barbara Bono. Good luck. Or would they bail those individuals as, I mean, excuse me, hail those individuals as brave independent thinkers? Salute to Barbara Bono, Democratic candidate for New Jersey State Governor, whom I will vote for. Perhaps the Democrats who are supporting Christie are doing so because they believe he's the best choice for our state. Oh, sure. He cuts stronger than a storm. He cuts all the social programs. He closes down food pantries. He wants to women's health clinics. He wants to close Planned Parenthood and women's health clinics. He, uh, uh, uh, he's responsible for welfare recipients receiving an unheard of microscopic $140 per month because they're late on top of the food step. What, Lazy? Where are the jobs? Where are the jobs? Chris Christie, Balloon Boy, where are the jobs? Well, you know, ever since Mr. Clinton and Newt Gingrich back in 1996 when they changed welfare as we know it. Oh yeah, Newt Gingrich. These people are supposed to be working somewhere. Tell me where they're working today. Newt Gingrich wants to put poor children collecting food stamps and welfare as custodians in the school system. Are these like miners that he wants to put to work? Yes.  Trial labor. Something the union spot for a long time ago. Hey, Newt Gingrich. I got an itch in the middle of my forehead.  Oh, yes. Pat Robertson. They all have the same looking face. All of them, if you notice.    Putting the interests of a political party above that of the people. Tax the rich. That's what I say. You represent is never a good thing. Well, tax the rich. This is how we started the income tax. That's how it started. In its country.  All of a sudden, under Reagan, the base kids broadened and now we're taxing the middle class and the poor in the place of the rich. Yeah. I wish we had more options in November, but the entrenched two-party system provides only two. It's the duty of every voter to choose the best qualified individual, regardless of political party. Is that it? No, that's never it. Now that summer is finally here. Hot fun in the summertime. Who was that sly in the family stuff? Sly in the family stuff. They must have been, whoever wrote that song must have been financially well off sitting in central air conditioning because I can't see any hot fun in the summertime. Unless they're talking about, you know, getting laid. I'm not sure. Under the boardwalk. Under the boardwalk down by the sea. They're getting laid under there. Now that summer is finally here. Many New Jerseyans are heading to the Jersey Shore. We're stronger than the storm. To enjoy the beaches and the rebuilt boardwalks. To enjoy the very high cover charge to get on the beach and then you got to pay to park and then you have to pay to change into your bathing suit. And then you can't bring a cooler of food and drink because they want you to go on the boardwalk and spend over five bucks for a hot dog. And actually the only thing that was reasonable several years ago was a jumbo salty pretzel. Everything else was a rip-off. But every year more than 100 beaches are closed due to pollution.  Yeah, back and bacterial content of the water it's tested. Which is usually rainwater polluted with fertilizer and pesticides from our lawns. Oh yeah, a lot of many people in New Jersey are obsessed with having a golf course perfect lawn and shrubs. Oil and bacteria from our streets. And in some cases even sewage washing into the ocean. But there is hope with green building solutions such as green roofs, porous pavement and rain gardens on the side of the road. We can stop dirty runoff and dramatically reduce beach closings and harm to wildlife. It's up to Governor Christie to make these changes happen. As we move forward after Superstorm Sandy, we get the chance to clean up the shore for future generations in ways that are smart and good for our environments. As we rebuild the shore, why not do it in a way that stops pollution and lessens the damage done by future flooding. I want to be able to enjoy the shore 30 or 40 years from now, don't you? Do they still plan on charging a cover charge 30 years from now? Yes, I can guarantee it will be more. The beaches in the United States belong to the commons. They are part of America and they should not be privately owned with cover charges.  I speak that the beauty and the natural resources of the earth do not belong to man. They belong to all. And ultimately, they belong to gold. Yes, and the CEO of the earth is mine. And the drinking water supply of the planet earth do not belong to the CEO of Nestle Corporation. He thinks it does, doesn't he? Or Nestle. How do you pronounce it? Nestle. Nestle. And don't forget, they buy their Coca-Cola from firms that deal in child labor and slave slavery. You hear that? Thank you very much. I hear that. It's going on in, I think, South America. There are child labor camps there, aren't they? Africa, this is, but who knows? Yeah, I hear in Argentina. Wherever a corporation can make money from it, it's there, believe me. I heard for a fact that they exist in South America and they are working for guests, American corporations. What do you think is running those inbound call centers, those customer service departments, and office jobs that were outsourced to the Philippines? I was told by Philippine people, American executives, corporate American executives are there monitoring everything and these people are getting a $1 an hour for an office job. Meanwhile, Americans... And once their salary goes up to $1.50, these corporations will move on to another place where it's cheaper. Maybe Bangladesh. Whatever. Yeah, that's what they do. These customer service jobs in the United States paid anywhere from like $11 to $14 an hour. So now they got the poor souls in the Philippines making $1 an hour. Yeah, and jobs that were paying $30 an hour in the automobile industry now are paying $14 and $15. They've got their way, baby. A race to the bottom. My answer is, what is the incentive for a person to roll out of bed in the morning and work 40 hours for less money to take a cut in the pay? Well, what in the first place is the incentive for a person to work for another person and make him rich and not yourself? God does not allow that incentive. That is what the son of Ray of Elwood's health food store told me back in the... 1980s. 1980s, he says, as long as you work in America, as long as you work for someone else, you will never be ahead of the game. You will never get ahead of the game. Correct. You will help him become rich and successful. Exactly. By your blood, sweat and tears, but you will never be ahead of the game. Because one of the flaws in capitalism is this. If an employer hires you and you want to be paid $20 an hour, let's say, you must provide for that employer more than $20 an hour in productivity and whatever, or he's not going to hire you. Because he has to have money not only to pay you, but he needs to turn a profit. That's correct. From having you there. That's correct. So in capitalism, hires, workers will never be paid what they're worth, ever. And that's one of the big flaws of capitalism. You mean naturally this happens? Absolutely. It's part of the game. What if these companies are run by, let's say, kind-hearted progressives? It's all relative. Supposing there's a kind-hearted progressive and he pays you $100 an hour. You still have to produce $150 or $200 for the ball. So it's just a basic principle. It's all relative. It's all relative. Basic principle of capitalism. Yeah. And another one is that capitalism works when you have capital. Does any poor person have any capital? To start a business? No. Thank you. Capitalism doesn't work on their behalf, does it? No, but back in the day weren't poor schmucks allowed to have a push cart? Yeah, but on Main Street? But the big boys like over there in New York, well, Mr. Blumberg, you know, if you had a push cart and it can compete it with the store that was right there. You're out. You're out, buddy. And whether or not you can afford to buy the permit to have the push cart. Well, that's how I keep you out. In other words, they jack up the permit so high that the little guy can't have his push cart business. Because the little guy has no capital. Right. There it is again.  Yeah, exactly. They still want you out of there, right? Like, you know, you don't hear about the Occupy protesting anymore. No, you do not. I just noticed that, yeah. Yeah. Because you know why, don't you? Because of the spying. And all of them are now on record in police departments and et cetera. The sycophants. These people that caved in and did not defend their rights as American citizens by being able to protest the fat cats are in a way being sycophants and spineless. No, they've been spied on by the police. Hey, it doesn't stop European countries for having hundreds of thousands of people out there getting tough. It doesn't stop them. Yeah, well the European countries are having it a little more problematic than we are here yet. Yet. The day is coming. Yeah. Well, the Turks. We're not there yet. The Turks were getting mistreated by the Turkish police. You see, that's one of the protesters, right? Now, I was speaking to a young man the other day, well, younger than me anyway, who was supposed to be doing some research on an article that may be upcoming for the newsletter. Okay. Regarding police. And I did a little meditation. Michael J. Tauma. And came up with the idea that what we need right now in America is a law which states that the people can override the cops when the cops are doing bad stuff. You mean like things that violate their rights? Correct. Correct. That's what we need. A return to the people. I mean, American politicians are quick to judge mainland China's government for rights violations, human rights violations. But what about the rights of the protesters that were violated? Not so good. That's another matter. When you finished that one reading, I want to tell you something that I heard. And it has to do with- Well, then you better just be quiet for a while, because we may have a little discussion at this one reading. You mean be very, very quiet? Very quiet. Because we're hunting rabbits. We're hunting rabbits. Waskawi widdlegway rabbits? Pasek County Sheriff's Officers rated a massage parlor. Why don't they, you know, they're so preoccupied with moral issues. Meanwhile, all the kingpins are getting away with murder. And the fat cats are getting away with it. I had a discussion with a woman the other day. Yeah, me a break. She seems to have a obsession with and morality only has something to do with sins. Maybe she has nothing to do with moral issues. Maybe she's frustrated. Maybe she don't get laid. But how can you not say that morality translates also over the Wall Street? They don't know. They don't look at the financial morality. Stealing. In other words, they're picking and choosing their sins. Exactly.  Financial sins are, is capitalism, it's business. Yeah, there are people in this country. Business is business. I believe that if you can put something over on someone financially and you make mula, you're smart. You're smart. There's nothing to do with morality.  There you go. I've had somebody tell me, well, you know, business is business. I says, what does that mean? Business is business. All the own. It's only business. Does that make it right? Does that make it moral? No. No.    Oh, you do porno movies.   They arrested its 27 year old operator on prostitution charge. There you go. After an undercover detective was offered a variety of sex acts. Uh, the, the victim was crying and the oldest profession, prostitution. Sheriff Richard H. Bernick, Bernick said. Bernick. Bernick said the detective had called a telephone number listed in an online ad for the new star spa at 831 Main Avenue. When the detective arrived at the business, he was greeted at the door by Ying Aihung. Ying Aihung.  Are you hung? I, I know hung. My name is hung, but I'm no, I'm no really hung. You hung. And, and, and if the guy comes there with money, they go, they probably say to him, oh, you very handsome.  Oh, you're not so handsome anymore. Who lives in Flushing, New York. Flushing? Yeah. Bernick said, the sheriff said that the detective was led to a private room. I forgot to ring them when I said something funny. The detective was led to a private room. That's great. I should hope so. Where he paid, paid for and received a massage. Massage. After the massage was over. Yes. Bernick said. Bernick. Hung offered the detective a variety of sexual services. Variety. You want a blowjob? Man, want a blowjob? You want a blowjob? You want a handjob? Happy, otherwise known as happy ending or old fashioned? When they came to an agreement. A prearranged signal was sent to a backup team of officers who entered the business and arrested Hung. Oh, they need a backup team of officers. County cops. Oh wow, how dangerous, how dangerous that is.  Hey, hey, hey, they have guns. Drug trafficking, kingpins and, oh no, they can't do that. Oh, that's a little dangerous for them.  Bernick said Hung was unable to provide proper identification. Because of a possibility that she was in the country illegally. And that's how they pay these girls.


Right before practice of camp, going in my rookie year, I got a, you know, call or text from my family saying that she had been diagnosed with stage three ovarian cancer and I didn't know how to really, you know, it's a surreal feeling when that hits you. You don't know how to react. Something that made her incredibly happy was just watching me play football and living out my dream and, you know, she was checking in always, you know, proud of every single Sunday to go out there, but yeah, that was definitely a challenge, but in a good part, you know, she was really happy that I was able to go out and play. I was always the supporter, the taxi cab driver, but also the one who, after a hard day, Chris knew he could come to me and he could just relax and be himself. So my mom was always the one chaperoning all of us to practices of our own and so we went to, in my first youth football practice, my mom took me, she got me dressed, I wore, you know, the thigh pads and my knee pads and knee pads where my thigh pads are because they were about the same size, which is just hilarious, but she would take me to the different practices for years, constantly taxi servicing pretty much everybody so they could do, you know, the things that made them happy in life. Hey Chris, how you doing buddy? Great Mr. Blank, thank you so much. Well we're more than excited to have you here. Safe travels and congrats to you and your family. With the 14th bank in the 2019 NFL draft, the Atlanta Falcons select Chris Lindstrom. It's a dream come true, you know, the first emotion I had was like relief and then it was just the excitement that, you know, just wanted to burst, but you're also trying to stay calm and, you know, try to savor the moment, but it's, you know, surreal. She was super proud and her biggest thing was always her kids and raising us to be, you know, good people and then also, you know, support us to have all the opportunities in life and I think she was just taking back and appreciating, you know, how proud she was in the moment of all of it and, you know, decades of work put into all of us and for me to be able to live out my dream was really, really cool. You know, she finished her first wave of treatment at the end of my rookie year and she went to get the scan, the CT scan to see and she still had a tumor and that's when they told her she was going to have two years to live. By that point it was the off-season, so to be able to go and sit in there with her at those meetings and watch, you know, the toll it took on her but really the whole family and how hard that is to hear. You know, I went out of the practice field, I was kind of crying one day out at practice and went up to lead our online coach and then talk to Art and kind of told him what was going on because we had like the staff turnover and I didn't know if they really knew and I didn't really talk about it but talking to them, they were incredibly supportive and that was meant a lot. The guys in the locker room were incredible. As we were able to, you know, share her story throughout the Falcons, the amount of outpour that she got from the city of Atlanta and really people throughout was really amazing and I think that gave her so much strength in her fight against cancer and something like that. My family is, you know, forever grateful for how impactful everybody was for her and the strengths and stuff that they provided.  She got really bad, I think it was Carolina, then 49ers week and where she was like, hey, like she was bedridden, had two weeks to live, spent that week with her, flew down and played the game, flew right home after San Francisco and then she passed Monday night in the Tuesday morning, it was really powerful to be able to be there with her and my whole family at all those times.  Just something that my mom always kind of talked about and wanted to do was, you know, she always loved still feeling beautiful and the challenges that, you know, cancer gives is, you know, it's just as much of a mental toll as it is physical. The mental aspect for her was, you know, fighting it every day when she's bald and, you know, doesn't have her eyelashes and, you know, doesn't want to feel to get dressed up and feel beautiful and that was really challenging to see her go through that. So to watch these women last night, they looked stunning, you know, you could see the confidence beaming through them and it was really awesome to be a part of and then just hearing their different stories was amazing too and how they all encourage each other, you know, people's prayers and thoughts help power them through in their own individual fights, know that they're not alone and that a lot of people are praying for them and, you know, hopefully that can make an impact in their own fight and for their families.  What you see on that field, I see the kind, compassionate, humble Chris. It's just such a surreal experience because, you know, that's your little boy and now he's a man, it's as exhilarating as it is, it's also very bittersweet because I've done my job and now literally it's time for him to fly.