Nice little warm up on that one. Ooh Irene another energy stock. It's a little move on that one, too Has weather by you. Am I looking and we look forward to anything Josh? There we go. Let me jump in here weather-wise Is it nice where you are? Oh, yeah, it's right because you're coming down here next week, right? Yeah, that's it. Oh, yeah. No, it's it's nothing but sunshine around here and nothing but a nice sunny sky is beautiful weather Last week, I mean it's kind of cold last like a day or so But otherwise like I'm sure the next few days gonna be like back in the 80s Been going to the beach pretty much like every other day and it's it's pretty nice Mark asking for the Trader Summit foul So do we bring this swim trunks to the ocean if you'd like I mean hey, you gotta make it all vacation Oh, we're on right. We're on the beach. I mean like got a great pool.  You got a nice treat here on the stack Rivian our RIVN Just been up on my bookmark page the whole morning. I didn't really call it out until now But it's just been on a straight trend up here at this point You know, I saw one on the road the other day Not the pickup because it's so ugly to pick up on but I finally saw the one to look like more like a Jeep wasn't that bad looking I Think I only saw one of them and like I don't even recall like it was just so vague looking I'm like, alright, I guess that's Rivian for you, but you know the stock itself I mean it was getting crushed for a little while I'll tell you a lot of volume showed up on on that stock Irene that would call that's a good call I think it's moving up pretty nicely.  Yeah, it's nice. It's a cheap stock You know, it's a $2.08 to 18 a lot cheaper than 1950 And if you look on the historical chart I was so like the daily you could see back from last year of like the summer time That Irene trade bottomed out right around three You know, I'm just looking at Reva. I was just looking at the stock that you call that the REVN I'll tell you what a great Bunch of buyers out there. It's too bad. We didn't see this earlier, but 133,000 share buyer at 18 and another hundred thousand share buyer at 830 1830 The one I was focused on myself the one I was focused on this morning PLTR is making a much better move now off that 850 level I was saying earlier like that was just in consolidation across the morning But once it busted above that 850 it's been running up pretty well. It's a nice little short squeeze No, nice trade from my man Alex just on the side. He took some money on the video right there Yeah, that Irene trade I'd be careful around that three level just historically and like maybe 305 or somewhere like around there That was a pretty strong bottom back from summer of last year It just hit a high of 304 and pulled back down pretty hard. Oh really quick Just for all of our students and members just inside our live trading room. Keep in mind We have our traders talk workshop coming up at the top of the hour at 11 o'clock Eastern time this morning So you don't need to go anywhere for that. Just stay tuned We'll just jump right back on the mic coming up at 11 o'clock Eastern time We have plenty more audio here to come But for any of our new students or new trial members just joining us here If there was any questions or trades that you wanted to go over with me or for me to give any comments on Shoot me a quick email Josh at CTU trading calm and for any of us on social media today Well, hey, just stay stay tuned if you wanted to get some clips of that We'll post some clips coming up across this week But if you want to get the full workshop at least go right down to the link on the green banner below right there But just to get yourself signed up Hey rich check out Oscar really quick. There's any news on that thing. I have really nice swing trade I mean it's getting close at resistance levels, but sometimes the way you actually do trade a swing trade stock Is that sometimes you're like, you know what you see a couple of days go by and did something really come out on it On the air now it's breaking back above a Well, let me let me ask you this this is a dumb question because I didn't really check is Irene in the same business as Oscar because Oscar health like is Irene no Iris energy So I doubt it's the same. No Oscar is like a like Blue Cross Blue Shield. Yeah, you know, it's not I said I had it was like that was like one of the first That was one of the first Healthcare companies I bought when Obamacare came out because it was like everyone was scrambling like these all these new Little mini ones started coming out and I was like the first that's how I know the name is like like and I was embarrassed Even go to the store and give it to the person and like what you should medical insurance. I'm like Oscar. I'm like You know, it was it was just more of love. There's more of Blue Cross Blue Shield Atna you know like more Bigger ones and they had all these little mini ones that came out these local ones If you see the just the daily chart for both of them the IR EN trade and then the Oscar the Oscar broke over its Historical support from summer of last year. That was a few days ago and then it ran higher So perhaps the IR EN can make like a similar type of move just based off the pattern. I know they're different sectors different companies, but You never know. I mean history could repeat itself in that regard. Yeah, it really looks pretty good PLTR pulled back a little bit right off of 878 It's got a built support off of like 865 868 here coming up if it wants to continue Yeah, Grant. I know the the Mara's moon up pretty nicely Nice little push on that once I cover right there highs. I'm feeling a bit better on my swing trade. Thank God I was getting a little nervous on that stock. I keep check up keep going back to Carvana again Like it's like the bottom like I'm getting like really I was driving down the Meadowbrook Parkway and I saw that damn Carvana You know that building Yeah, no cars in there that I'm getting a little skeptical. I'm like why I didn't put any cars in there yet I mean eventually it's gonna be like a really good swing trade over time Not just a short squeeze like we've been taking money off of I Mean that's been great swing trade for you just recently, but like a legit one like over time Oscars making a really good push here six just make quick little pop The volume is light though. It's only like 1.3 million. Yeah, not nearly the type of volume was trading back on a It's not nearly the type of volume it was trading back on a Friday last week How do you rebel on doing? Let's take a look Back off a little bit here. Yeah, I didn't jump in I've been kind of just jumping around all over and mainly on PLTR but This was the better move and if anything like I mean simply if it could just break back above like 1952 1951 there's a chance for it to run higher, but Now is looking pretty healthy like you said My PLTR is holding 865, you know for right now is support. I like the I love to see that Those big buyers are still out there for about 250,000 at that 18 18 30 I see those guys up tick boom. That's a great sign of going higher The market positive after taking that big big correction You got an interesting setup here fast on the AI trade it's building higher lows and it moved back up towards that 2250 level Almost looks like a foul stuff like building there.  Yeah, I see that right there Did you happen to check on level four because there's a couple of Iceberg orders that was sitting there. There was a huge buyer At $22 where it came down from that big shake stocks moving 50 cent intervals, so It gets past this 23 could be on the horizon Potential resistance. It looks like wants to break it. There was those sellers out there, but they pulled their orders PLTR is bouncing back up pretty well now up towards 878. It's getting close to the high there Yeah, Alex Tesla was actually a good trade. I mean when we got in around when we watched it hit about that hundred that big support level at 100 That's something you could have did a nice little, you know swing trade on it could have bet the options on that We're pretty cheap also on Tesla remember like that's the issue when people start getting into these options calls They're like, oh, I can't afford it. So I want to trade the option in that case and it made sense You know what I mean, but you can't always go into a trade thinking like with the options doing wake up in the morning What's the options doing always got to think about the stock first and as you see that pattern come in We're gonna talk about it. I know Alex you're gonna be down there next week with us in Florida So by the way, if anyone's interested you could We got a big one day. You can just come for the day I mean you have to come for the two-day event just come I mean some of you people live local in that area come for the full blown day You know with us to come meet us down there, but you can still get in there if you want to come to the on-site Si is kind of like I'm watching it's like Tita tottering right here The AI I meant Yeah, that AI just not really budging off 2250 like I thought there was a better chance just a moment ago for it To make that better pop. I think marriage been a better trade Yeah, certainly now at this point. I feel like if it's not gonna make that pop up now PLTR also I've been talking about it PLTR is trending up pretty well now You know broken new high just before it's got a huge iceberg on the ask now at nine So doubt that doubt took a huge dip and now starting to come like bounce back a little bit Come on AI. We got to get a nice push now at this point. Let's see something over 2250 Go nice little foul still flag 2293 should be a pretty strong level and that was the open price yesterday.  Come on. Go back more data on book map here at this point Grant you're out on Mara. Hopefully with a nice profit there nice trade because it's still turning up at the high So it definitely took some good money off of it seems it broke out there Yeah, AI is looking better now finally better move off at 2250 But you'd still want to see it like pop a lot better than that than this even you know a good 20 cent start But like you just said I mean it's trading in 50 cent levels. So Step by step we get closer to reversal time. Yep. We're almost there. Yeah, we got this at that time I mean, there's definitely some trades that are still holding wealth some name brand stocks like AMD That Rivian still holding pretty nicely Nicely there goes AI a draft King AI just Backdown that 2250 mark by the way the the Super Bowl Josh How do you think all the casino stocks did? You know, it's funny because I looked at this the other day I mean for right now draft Kings is up just because it's moving with the market, but Last year they all tanked right and that's because it went with the market. So What I see you are Yeah, I mean the spy is up today the markets are pushing up Off the CPI bring it up because I think I was watching on TV that everyone bedded on the The Eagles to win that everyone's going to Eagles. So obviously everyone's betting against The casino betting against the chiefs. So if that was the case, they probably did pretty well on that Mm-hmm. Okay, Marist on it back off a little bit play that lift trade I told you before it looks like I mean it's making higher highs when we looked at it earlier Sort of around 1030 Do a little bit of shake right there and now so like 1053 it could be listen It could be it could be a swing trade. I'm gonna buy it. I'm gonna buy some of it now You have a nice trade faster.  Oh, there we go. We probably that could be our nice little pop right there It looks like this stock Starting to build that little slope looking on The swing trade and now looks like hit that high what it did went to 170. It's like 80 cent sock What's on level four? How's that looking? I'm just loading it up right now Only one up Wow, look at the volume kicked up on that see that big volume spike right here Look at those bowls right there got a little bit of a hundred and twenty four thousand shares seller at buck 68 Big iceberg water right there See you take some out Right now the only one I'm actively in is PLTR just really for a little while now And I'm just waiting for that to either break higher or stop me out under each 68 either way will be a nice profit But each YPR it like definitely a stronger run back right off Creshing into the iceberg so I you got to have a game plan 57 58 Look at that. That was a perfect play right there when you called that out when you called out at 50 As it was like kind of like right over 150 and missed it off like 152 right there Yeah, that was a great call and then just sell it right before that resistance boom Thanks a little thanks a little 10 15 cents right there On a cheap little stock. Yeah, and then I was I was like factoring that in terms of like a percentage that that's actually like a Solid like you know 9% gain on just one move one trade You know, we don't really look to scalp as much But that was a quick in and out you saw the iceberg and crashed right into it pulled back Man this PLTR has been holding strong higher lows It's like a very liquid stock. So it doesn't have a big spread like pretty much a pennies penny spread Yeah, Chuck's coal not the nine Chuck the only problem with the nine Ni any is the volumes only a hundred fifty four thousand maybe on the swing trade But like it was a pretty good buy right around these supports around 10, but as a day trade I would Stay away from it. It seems like PLTR is making a lower high here off of a eight seventy eight Lift is looking good It is I saw it before When you'd called it out at first, I love I mean it's got Huge support levels right around here around that nine ten dollar price range Yeah, I remember I remember seeing I just book viewer yesterday like level three at ten bucks It was like a three hundred forty thousand share iceberg or something like that Definitely could squeeze on that lift trade so far this morning. Hmm. Yeah, it's going up pretty nicely Mara is still holding strong Oscar we called earlier just now starting to trim down just made a higher low Hey, I backed off everything started back off now all the socks are looking at the SOUN looks like they all made that nice little move Early bird gets the money Man BWV like it looks like such an ugly chart and it's not worth watching now I'm just mentioning like that actually helped me out this morning and then the PLTR trade But aside from those two personally my morning kind of stunk Got stopped out a few times on FUSN looking for that better pop Just didn't get it. You know took small losses And then the AI trade off of twenty two fifty I was looking for that same move that Fausto's corner Just you know, just if it's not making that big pop thirty second rule You know just look to set the tight stop and take the tiny L instead of the the big one So it's actually been a profitable morning still but otherwise it didn't necessarily come easy Don't think everything's taking taking breathe. There's all the stocks that we found Chuck in and out with a nice profit there on that nine I'm at nine may tell you that was I hate to use the word But that was a that was a very good trade, but lucky because like the vibe is all too light Tell you the H1 the H1 PR you called that earlier. It's been holding here for less Five minutes it holds you pretty strong. I'd be a really could be interesting I want to see a test that that hundred thousand shares seller at a buck 68. He's right there Getting the itch to jump in on the H1 PR, but you know what I got some PowerPoint slides to finish up I'm gonna gonna work on those first and then we'll focus on my own trading So, you know, there's always gonna be another trade if it ends up making that better move and I mean for my own sake PLTR is trying to go back up now Breaking back over eight seventy eight checking out this lift. Yeah I'm telling you if it looks like looking long-term like the last couple not long-term long-term is a couple space I'm looking at but It looks like this this It could probably test for 1080 if it can get past. I mean it had resistance yesterday's right around this 53 50 big resistance at these 50s. So I kind of broke it I see what you're talking about there from like pre-market yesterday morning. Yeah Yeah, right there off it was funny I was gonna say I like how you said the ish part because it's true I mean not not everything is gonna hit to the penny level. So, you know 80 ish, but it does look it like that ish part I see there. It's like within five sensors. So oh That's box coming up and testing its resistance right now You know shoot the each white PR. Yeah, yeah, each white PR There's always another trade just I'll be here all day Yeah, big volume.  So, you know, there's always gonna be another opportunity for me at least now for you If you're trying to finish up by 1030 and that's your goal. Well, that each YPR is definitely for the taking there You know, I was like kind of lax with how I was like saying, oh, if I don't get in whatever Well, I'm here till four o'clock. So, you know, I've got plenty of time for other trades But that was a great call and we'll see if it could bust that iceberg now You sound like a Shrek commercial the district thing Shrek he goes. Thank you. Thank you. I'll be up to Thursday. Don't forget to try the veal But it's testing them. I want to see this thing get through it. He's testing there. He is there is 110 Right now broadcasting you could see it on on YouTube if anyone's logged in on YouTube That the level four being shown you could see a couple iceberg orders coming up right there Yeah, it's trying to sound like a like a Vegas magician. I'll be here all day. I'll be here all day. I Like the Shrek better Big fan of Shrek actually I'm a little disappointed because I'm gonna go. I don't know if I told you this but I'm leaving At the end of this week getting ready to go to Florida for the onsite, but I'm you know, my kids are from school So they're vacation every time I go away. I always take my family with me. Well, I try you know I mean and we're gonna go to Orlando and I heard that they closed a Shrek ride in in universal I'm so do I was so disappointed Love that place Yeah, guys, I've never never been a roller coaster guy myself I've always been a water park guy, but not a roller coaster guy. Well, it's not really, you know, it's not really uh, So I had more animation. It's not more roller coaster, you know, so true when you say that it's not like I'm afraid of Shrek, but it's like If I go I'm not gonna be on the rides necessarily because I'm not a roller coaster guy So it's either I'm gonna be there for five hours walking around and getting sunburn Or I don't go Well, it's nice and cool there now. That's why we go now But like yeah, I mean like I was there in July and like you can't it's could some bearable Especially when you stuck online and waiting if you actually sit there and wait, I mean nuts I see that hit that resistance level at 168 came right back down Everything look like kind of stopped all of a sudden Yeah, and then the PLTR just still in this range again. It's like kind of just going sideways. So, you know if it shows higher lows then Perfect that that's nice because that would lead to a higher high eventually, but I thought I would have done it by now So just stock has a falso flag the O.C.U.L Awesome yesterday. I forgot about that one actually Yeah 3.4 million shares only up 11% But you could see back in August is testing these big resistance levels Kind of held around like five seventy nine five seventy eight yesterday Pop and drop from it No, it's funny. I'm just doing some shopping around. I'm looking at some of the stocks like if you look at si You can see that there was a major resistance levels Iceberg when he showed up at 16 Kind of put like the brakes on that stock Yeah, I got close like right around 1593 Or something or 1590 and then pulled back. Yep See it right there Yeah, everything backed off. I think everything's done for now Yeah, we'll see I'm gonna jump on to a coaching call coming up at 10 30 with one of our students, but Really quick just last call folks for all this inside live trading room We have a trader stock workshop coming up at 11 o'clock Eastern time just inside our live trading room for today So all you got to do is just stay right there and I'll jump back on the mic myself at the top of the hour Any questions or trades that you want to go over shooting a quick email? Just Josh at ctutrading.com and if you want to join just go right down to the link on the green banner below the stream Right there just if you're on social media Facebook live linked in Twitter YouTube Yep See you all back here For the 11 o'clock and in 12 o'clock a lot of training going on today. So don't miss out all those opportunities. Okay, everyone So you got you know traders talk and then all of a sudden you got the event I'm gonna be doing at 12 o'clock


Hi, Akesha. So happy to have you here in the interview. Am I audible? Yeah, you are audible. Hi, Akesha. Okay, very glad to see you here. Thank you. Yes.  Well, civil services provides me a unique opportunity to perform social service along with professional excellence and while working in the private sector, I realized that I can work for more diverse fields and more diverse areas and civil services provides me a unique opportunity in that sense. So, that is the reason I am aspiring to be an IAS officer. Okay, very short and sweet. But I know the private sector is now becoming more than even the government sector. Even railways is going to be privatized, probably airlines are already privatized, telecommunication is already privatized, you don't feel the telecommunication. So, many areas are being privatized and probably the privatization is going to be the future. So, why do you really rate it a little lesser than the government service in terms of opportunity? That's what you say is the reason. Yeah, why? Yes, I agree there are a lot of opportunities being coming in the private sector. But sir, the role of policy making and policy implementation. So that will be the sole responsibility of the government asset. So sir, I want to be part of that machinery which will manage such mechanisms of policy making as well as policy implementation at the ground level. Okay, good. So that will be nice. But now there is a lot of opposition for privatization of the railways. So, do you think it's a right move to privatize railways when the millions of people depend upon railways for their commutation? Sir, I think in the present scenario, government has privatized only the 5% of the railways. So sir, the 95% of the trains that will be still controlled by the government and their fare also it will be decided by the government asset. So government is trying to bring a balance between attracting more and more investments and quality services from the private sector. At the same time, they are also ensuring a social obligation by keeping 25% of the trains with the Indian railways. Okay, can you tell me how many lines are going to be privatized in the first stage? Right away. In the first stage, how many lines are going to be privatized in the railways? Sorry sir, I am not exactly aware of the number but it will be around 103 trains, those will be privatized. Okay, all right. So again sir, your name itself is just a non-violence person. Is it the same again sir? Sir, I think it is much more wider concept than non-violence. And do you know from where Mahatma Gandhi has taken this idea of Akinsa? From where? In his own terms? Sir, he was inspired by a Jai neighbor and he is a spiritual guru. Yes sir, answer his spiritual guru Vashri Rajachandri who inspired him for Jainism and the core philosophy of Jainism of Akinsa. Okay, there are many other scholars, the European scholars and their books and their thoughts that actually influenced Mahatma Gandhi towards this point of non-violence. Can you list out a few of them at least? Of course, many of them are inspired by Gandhi, there is a different thing. But Gandhi himself was inspired by few writers, authors and people who are philosophers, you can say. Sir, he was inspired by Leo Top. Yes sir. Gandhi was inspired by a few... Yes sir, Gandhi was inspired by Leo Tolstoy. Yes, Leo Tolstoy, War and Peace. Correct? I mean War and Peace, author of War and Peace. And sir, he was also inspired by Plato. Plato's idea of idealism. So he was a Plato, a western philosopher. Plato, okay. Plato, the Republic. Yes sir. Student of Socrates, student of Plato. Have you heard the name Thoreo? Yes sir. Rolf Waldo, there is a guy called Thoreo. Sir, I heard but I am not able to establish the literature. Thoreo is an important philosopher Gandhi followed, yes. Okay, okay, okay. All right, all right. So Hari, you can take over, Hari. Good morning, Hinsa. Good afternoon sir. It's not an afternoon, it's still morning. Hinsa, suppose Mahatma Gandhi was put in a cryogenic sleep and suppose he wakes up now, how do you think that he will fit into the current state of political affairs? You understood my question? I think he will stay, yes. Sir, I think Gandhi will still remain in touch with his philosophy of politics, which he followed in the freedom struggle. So he'll still follow those ethics and he'll still suggest that politics without ethics is a debt trap. So sir, I think he will try to clean the politics which we are witnessing in the present times and he'll inject more and more transparency and ethics in the political system as such. And sir, the politics in the Gandhi's era will be more inclusive and it will be more decentralized and it will be based on the people's participation as suggested by Gandhi. Will his policy of Hinsa work now? Sir, definitely it works in the present time also. Sir, in the environment sustainability, we can talk about the philosophy of Hinsa. Sir, in the case of terrorism, climate change, the global challenges which the countries are facing in the present time. So this policy of Hinsa is very much relevant. Sir, even we are seeing the basis of society. Should we follow the policy of Hinsa? Sir, since India is a peace-loving country, so firstly our approach will be to solve the matters at the diplomat level. But sir, if our territorial integrity and sovereignty is threatened, then even the policy of Hinsa suggests that it is a right to go for war or for our own justice. Sir, for a greater justice, Hinsa also suggests this because Hinsa does not mean cowardice. Sir, it is a weapon of courageous people. So I think even in case of China, we can follow this principle. From electronics and communication, you jumped over to political science and international relations as your optional. Why so? Sir, while I was preparing for civil services, I consulted some of my seniors. Sir, they suggested political science and some other options also. Sir, when I went through the syllabus of different subjects, I found that political science is interesting. Sir, that is one of the reasons. Also, the NOPS availability was also there as far as BSIR is concerned. Did you go through any other options? Did none of your seniors suggested any other options? Sir, I went through public administration, sociology also. But some of the parts of the political science I found very interesting, especially the IR topics and the Indian government system and the freedom struggle part. So sir, I chose BSIR. What is post-truth politics? Sir, post-truth politics is based on, sir, it is not based on facts. Rather, it is based on like where evidence is not the basis of post-truth politics. And just, sir, mainly use of social media. It is influencing the politics in the present time. So sir, this term of post-truth politics is used in that sense, where the politics is not based on reality or the facts. Rather, it is based on the whims and fancies of some particular parties or some particular individuals. Can you mention any such examples happening in the current scenario? Sir, the politics which Mr. Donald Trump in United States of America, as a president, in which he is playing right now. So I think, sir, these are based on the post-truth politics. Sir, he is withdrawal from various institutions and his allegations. Sir, although some allegations are true, I am not denying that. Sorry to interrupt. Coming to Donald Trump's policy, recently US has withdrawn from WHO and has stopped and has blamed them for the spread of this pandemic. What is your take on that? Sir, I think this step is unwarranted in the present time. Given the globe is fighting the pandemic. Again, but do you think that has WHO failed in his mandate to curb such pandemics? Sir, I agree to a certain extent. There were loopholes in the working of the WHO as such and there are allegations that WHO is working at the behest of China. But sir, withdrawing from the institution as such and that too at such a crucial point. Sir, that is not a legal or ethical step by a country which is the largest contributor in terms of funds to WHO. Sir, it will impede the fight against this virus, especially in the East developing countries, African and South Asian countries. So sir, I think US should have pushed for reforms in WHO rather than withdrawal from WHO. What does NAMP stand for? Sir, non-aligned movement. Is it still in VOC? No, it's not. I'll be very accurate now. Okay, nice. Sir, hello. Your voice is not audible. Hello. Okay. Krishna Khan, please welcome. Mr. Krishna Khan. Yes sir. So, Ahim sir, you are from Jabalpur right which is a major city on the banks of river Narmada. Hello, are you able to hear? Yes sir. So, can you tell me about environmental versus developmental debate on Narmada valley project? Narmada valley project has two components. What are pros and what are positives and negatives? Sir, Narmada valley project basically worked on creating one of the largest dams in India, Sardar Sarovar Dam and also generating hydroelectric power from this dam. So sir, there was a movement led by Meeda Patil which led the world bank to withdraw from this project also. So because of the lack of proper rehabilitation and compensation to the tribal people lying across the Narmada valley. And also there was a lot of environmental destruction also because a large forest area lied across this region. So sir, this is all debate regarding the environment versus economy. But sir, the state government as well as the central government is working to ensure proper rehabilitation for the tribal people. And that movement has also subsided to a great extent. So what is the developmental advantage? How much of power will be generated? How much of land will be generated? Do you have any statistical figures? Sorry sir. You are from electronics and communication background. Now recently there is a debate about banning Chinese imports and products from that country. So we are dependent on very much of electronic imports. Every modems, mobiles, everything is from China. At the same time we are thinking about generating that production in India. We have a semiconductor industrial policy or in India. So to us to boost semiconductor industry. But we don't have proper way for fabrication labs, semiconductor labs. So how do you think that we can compensate the imports from China? Yes sir, in the short term there might be difficulties for India because we were heavily dependent on Chinese imports. But in the meantime, there are various packages by the government. So recently there is a 48,000 crore package which is being announced to boost the domestic manufacturing of these chips in India itself. And sir, at the same time we can also diversify our imports from other countries. So we can look for other countries which are manufacturing such kind of chips. For example, South Korea. To answer even various companies like LG and even other companies Samsung, they are planning to establish their own manufacturing plants of chips in India. So sir, in the short time India might face difficulties. But sir, with adequate investments and adequate filling of the use in this manufacturing of chips, we can ensure our own self-reliance. Okay, then my last question will be, this MP has given a lot of migrant labour to various states. Recently there were exodus of migrant labour from various states to their native states. So a lot of migrant labour went back to Madhya Pradesh. What is the status now with respect to COVID and their livelihood? Because there are no jobs available anywhere now. Sir, according to MP government data, around 13 lakh migrants came back to Madhya Pradesh. So government is taking various steps. Sir, there were cash transfers by the state government to the bank accounts of migrants. Recently, MP migrant commission has also been set up by this. And various schemes like Rosgarh, Setu, these are coming up. So as to skill map the migrants and employers can get the migrants to various industries. So sir, these are the steps which the MP government is taking and also at the national level also, there is Pradhan Mansi, Garipalya and Rosgarh Yoshna, under which some of the districts of MP are also being selected. So that also the migrants will be working. So MP government is taking care as far as the food, shelter and job of migrants is concerned. Okay, thank you. So your cycling is your hobby, what kind of a cycle do you have right now? Sir, I have a very basic cycle of BSE ladyboard. Okay, no gear in this cycle? No sir, sir it is a normal cycle. What is your average speed when you cycle? How long you cycle and what is your average speed? Hello. Yeah, what is your average speed? Please sir, could you please repeat the question? Yeah, what is your average speed? Sir, it is around 12 to 13 kilometers per hour. Okay, how many hours do you cycle? Sir, I do not cycle based on number of hours. Sir, I use it for my daily routine purpose, like visiting friends or going to grocery store. So for that purpose I use cycling. And sir in the morning, no sir, no sir. Sir, there are professional cycling going on all over India. There are professional cycling bodies like AutoX India Limited, France, Randoners, Super Randoners. Do you know about these organizations? Sir, I know about the national organization for cycling which we have in India. Sir, I am not aware of the other organizations. At least can you tell us some of the world's well-known brands in cycling? Yes sir, yes. Can you tell us some of the names? Sir, Hero is there, Atlas is there. Indian, they are Indian. Race cycles, foreign cycles, very well-known companies. Bianchi, Trek, Nanondale, no idea. Sir, I will look into it. Okay fine.  Good, you are done extremely well. They will matured, you are a good candidate, potential candidate. Very careful about very sensitive questions like why do you want to become an IAS officer? You have come out very well in that also. Unique opportunity. But only thing is when you talk about private sector, better than private sector, then you will have to justify that. Why private sector doesn't have any serious diversified activity? Actually they are all. So you don't have to compare the private sector. You can simply say government service is very special very unique, without even mentioning that in a clever way. And it was still morning but you said good afternoon. I am done. You are done correctly. He said no, it is still morning. Yes sir. Even now it is still morning. A little careful last time of the day. He should not simply say early morning, he should not go and say good evening in the morning. It is very much more important. Not a problem actually. Definitely it is not going to reduce your mark but you may feel a little upset and that will show your body language. They don't mind. It is absolutely fine. But you should not show the symptom of weakness or defeat at this point in time. Sometimes since you are from Jabalpur, they may ask you about the Jabalpur blinding case. Do you know that case? Linging. Sorry sir. Jabalpur blinding. The lynching case. Not lynching. Jabalpur, there was a very famous case. Of the coyotes were blinded. The police have deprived of their eyes. If you don't know. Oh no sir. It is a very very famous case. From police brutality this has taught all over the world. Jabalpur blinding. Okay. Then probably in Madhya Pradesh only, the public assaulted the health workers. When the COVID pandemic 5 started, the first place to assault the health workers is in Madhya Pradesh. I think in Bhopala, I don't know. Indore. Sir, it was in Indore. Yeah, yeah. So this can be a question.  H&B visa, how it is going to impact people who are seeking job. These questions. I am very happy that you know about Tario and Leo Tolstoy and Brahmad Nagar's influence. You know, Jainism all over the world is considered to be only peaceful religion. Even the atheists like Richard Dawkins, Ham Harris and these people keep on saying all religions are violent. All religions except probably Jainism. So they may ask why it is so important. Nice you have done very well. And Hari. Yeah. In fact, you might be appearing before the interview board with a mask on, but I feel you can be a bit more pleasant and smiling because your appearance gives out a tense feeling. And otherwise, you came out as a balanced person while asking questions about this you have international relations as one of political sense and national relations as you are optional. There will be questions from international relations and maybe this COVID preparedness or COVID actions of the US and other nations. And at the same time, the failure of these international organizations and similar questions. So be prepared on those grounds. Otherwise, you were not taken aback. You could respond to all the questions positively and all the very best. You'll do that. Yes. Thank you sir. All the best. Okay.


you're already familiar with this now that it's day four. We already had some fairly interesting talks about astrophysics, and if you would think you would like to try this yourself, then we have the right talk for you, which is doing astrophysics yourself. Hald Daumann had first contact with CCC in 1984, knows a lot about spectroscopy, a word that I can't say very well, and he is more of an amateur there, so he's the perfect person to tell us how you can do it yourself at home. All right, thanks. So we are talking about decoding stars. So what can we find out about stars? What properties do they have? What kind of mass? What are they composed of? What temperature they have and other things like that? And how do you do this? And the tool here is spectroscopy, and I sat down and built a spectrometer, developed some software for it, and I want to use an example. I want to show that it's not that difficult. So we will start in my garden. So what you can see here, that's my telescope, not self-made, of course. The red thing is the night guidance to balance out the earth rotation, because I have to have the star fixed in my telescope for a long time, and it's a 25 millimeter mineral telescope, and at the lower end you can see a camera, and this camera, when I do the spectroscopy, this camera is replaced by a fiber connector, and you can see that here. So there are two aluminum pipes here, just sticking into each other with some kind of device in there that allows me to take the star's light, which is being focused onto the opening there, and film that with an observer camera, which I've marked on the left side there, and see the light there. And you have to imagine this as... So the fiber has a diameter of about 50 micrometers, I think. That's roughly one of my hairs, and if I were to cut one of my hairs, that would be the diameter, and the star has a focus of 25 mu, I think that's micrometers. So, and those have to be fixed to each other for half an hour, even though the whole earth is moving. They have to stay matched. And this is made possible through this unit. Am I still there? I'm hearing other stuff. And now we first want to look at why are we looking at this particular star. So this is a photo of the Milky Way. Also from our garden with this XLR camera. And in the yellow box up there, I marked the Lyra asterism, and you can see the Vega very clearly, and then close to it is Beta Lyrae. And what's so interesting about it? Well, it's fairly weak for the naked eye. In Hamburg, we can just barely see it with the naked eye, but for 240 years already, we know that every 13 years it changes its brightness. So we have a periodical change in brightness, and this tells us that we have a double star system where one star is orbiting the other, and we are looking at the edge of it, and every now and then one of the stars covers the other, and then there's less brightness overall, and you can see this in the brightness curve fairly well. So each time it dips, the whole system is a bit darker, and if it's further up, then you see both components. And you could say, well, let's just look at that with a large telescope, go to Chile or Hawaii, and look at it, and well, it's still just one star. So what's going on there? And now let's see what we can do from our garden. I have to do a bit of theory for this, but not much. So what is a star? Anyways, a star is a ball of gas, which mainly consists of the components of the cloud, which formed it initially, and this is mainly hydrogen and helium, and a few or a lot of other elements, but those are just there in traces. And the star contracts and then starts fusing hydrogen into helium and producing heat. So the star is a kind of oven, and I've shown this on the left with the halogen lamp, which just has some continuous light across the whole spectrum. But the star is not just the oven or furnace, it also has an atmosphere around it. And so I showed this as a gas flame with a simple soldering flame, went into the kitchen, took some cooking salt, put it in there, and then the flame turns yellow. And this yellow is fairly precise. That's a very exact wavelength or color, or even two of them very close to each other, two wavelengths. Why are they so precise? I have an atomic model here, and it's because quantum mechanically the electrons, the electron energy levels are very precisely defined in the atom. And if through temperature or collisions, I move an atom to a higher level, that only changes by a very specific level. And then when it falls down to base state, it sends out the same wavelength each time at the same place. And this is how you get a very well-known color. And if we look to the lower left, we can see the Doppler effect or Doppler shift. You know that when the ambulance arrives, the sound is high and it passes you, it shifts downwards. And from this difference, you can directly drive the velocity of the ambulance. And it's the same with a star. So if we take this sodium for instance, this sodium for instance, which we assume is in the star atmosphere and the star moves towards us, then the light is blue shifted a bit. So those lines are not where you would expect them in the lab. And if it's moving away from us, then the wavelengths are a bit red shifted. And overall, we are talking about very small, orders of magnitude. So I wrote the numbers down here. So an atom has roughly one angstrom of diameter. So that's 10 to the minus 10 meters and the wavelengths are 100 times more precise than that. And that is almost as precise as I want to be able to measure. And so we're building that kind of device. One more thing. What do we need to build this device? We need, if we see this white light or it looks white, if we look at it with our eye, we have to split this into its color components with this kind of precision. So nature gives us for this the rainbow. And you can see that roughly corresponds to a prism. And on the right, I've just shown an old DVD. I've held it under the ceiling light. And you can see that this grid also splits colors into their components. Yes. And that's what such a spectrometer looks like. You can see that it's not very complicated. It needs a bit of aluminum and it should be a bit robust. And beyond that, we have six parts here that are important for the functioning of the spectrometer. At the lower right, you have the post where you have this gap here that brings the light down. The light that emanates from the fiber doesn't go out through a laser. But just like with a torch, it expands, the array expands. So we need something that collects the light and turns it into a parallel array so that it would hit the grid further down. And the grid corresponds to the DVD that we saw earlier. Here is where the light is actually split into its component frequencies. But they are still not completely separated. They overlap. So we have a prism behind that that separates it further and then gets the light into this camera. This could be a normal mirror-reflex camera, but it's easier to use a black and white camera so that these curves, the mirror-reflex camera comes with it. Don't come into play. The speeds you can measure, if we are to measure stellar Doppler effects, Doppler shifts are about plus or minus two kilometers per second regarding the component that's directed either towards us or away from us. This is how it looks from above. I have left something up that you can see an O-spectrometer here. And there is this silver box with the halogen label on it. Then there is a thorium argon light to calibrate the device. Calibrating means that every pixel in the camera corresponds to an individual wavelength so that I can say when there is light somewhere, this is this particular color or frequency or wavelength. And that we will look at. And we have this kind of scarily looking board here. You have this little weight there. All this is to reduce the noise that comes from a fiber when it doesn't move at certain frequencies. You have intensity, maxima or minima that kind of distorts the picture and degrades the quality. And you can take that out that way. So let's go towards the look at the calibration. These are the direct images that the device takes. We have the halogen picture where you can see where we call these orders as they are. And we call these Echelle orders. Echelle is a French word and means conductor. And we now realize why it means conductor. No, ladder, that is. And we see this ladder kind of pattern. And I've graphed this spectrum next to it so you can see it actually corresponds to colors. You have the red on top. It actually goes down into infrared. And you have the ultraviolet at the bottom. And the left side is always a bit more blue than the right. Now we have the position where the light actually arrives. If I use the thorium argon lamp, which is just like sodium in a way, we've seen that sodium has two lines. Thorium argon that mixed has about thousand lines. And these are all known from the laboratory. So that way with these patterns, I can say precisely where which wavelength ends up. And that gives me a direct way of calibrating the whole device. Now that's about everything that we need to actually image a star. The star is better lara. And at first this looks just like the image from the halogen lamp. But looking closer, we see certain patterns. These dark lines in the upper rectangle. Then the somewhat brighter rectangle. It looks a bit brighter in there. And in the yellow one, we have this kind of double dark line that repeats. And these orders actually overlap. And if you process it, you have to select the right sections of it, clip the image before turning this two-dimensional image of a spectrum into a linear one. I did all this with Excel VBA. The code is a bit long because quite a lot of image processing happens there. And the analysis, again, I do using Excel VBA. It is not really necessary. You can buy finished software, but writing it yourself is fun, of course. And you learn more that way. This image of better lara, these are actually two images copied on top of each other, both with half an hour exposure time. If I now run this processing in Excel, we get this one-dimensional spectrum. This is the continuous line that you can imagine that I arbitrarily put plotted at the one value. And then there are these outliers, the peaks towards the top and the bottom. And that is our star. There's a lot of information behind this. And that's what we need to get out. On top, I added a synthetic color spectrum. Making us see which colors these lines correspond to. On the very right side, you have oxygen and water. These are from the atmosphere of the earth, of course, not from the star. Because if we are on earth, the light arrives at us passing through everything that is in the way, whatever that is. And in any case, the earth's atmosphere is in the way. So you can see that very nicely portrayed here in this image. Then towards the top, towards emission, we have helium and H-alpha and H-better. These are hydrogen lines, very intensive lines, obviously. And then we have iron, the famous sodium from cooking salt and silicon. And the red lines are the areas that we are going to look at more closely. This whole line is about 100,000 pixels long. So in this image, the wealth of information that's in there cannot really be seen. We have to expand certain sections. So I chose these four. And with these, we will run our decoding to see what we can learn from that. These are these four extracts, about six nanometers or 60 angstrom wide. And the arrows mark the laboratory values where you would expect these wavelengths. And if we start from the left, we see iron and silicon two lines. And these are shifted towards blue. To the left, we have blue. And to the right, we have red. So something is moving towards us. If we look at the right side, we have hydrogen on top and helium. These are very wide lines. And they have a typical dip in the middle of them. And these two are not clearly shifted in the same way that the iron and silicon were. But they are not exactly symmetric either. We'll have to take a closer look there. And then we have the cooking salt, the sodium. And again, they are almost where you would expect them, not exactly where you would expect them. And if you look at the widths of these lines, you've noticed that sodium is a very narrow line and silicon is fairly wide. And the helium and hydrogen are extremely wide. What does that mean regarding the speed distribution of the atoms? It means that the atoms that form these lines are distributed fairly wide in terms of speed. Now, I took this image almost exactly two months ago on the 28th of October. And these are one-time images. And you can never quite be sure what you will see in one of those. That's why I've been imaging this star for a longer time over a year. And if we look at it, then we will see. Well, you have to first get used to it. You have these shadow images on top. Below you have exactly the same information. And in the shadow images, just portray it in a different way if you go to the details. And these are the values here are all converted to kilometers per second, giving us a speed distribution. And in these shadow images, starting at the top right, the silicon, I took one of the lines there. We see the period of 13 days that we've known for 240 years by now. But we also see that the silicon has peaks of plus or minus 200 kilometers per second if we put these scales on top of each other. You can see that in the graph below at a bit more detail. Now, looking at the sodium over all these 13 days, it barely moved at all. And that clearly is not connected to our star at all, but it's not connected to the Earth's atmosphere either. So we'll come to that later. And there on the left, we have a helium line. And here you see periodicity over these 13 days. But the peaks are not as marked as they were with the silicon. And of course, we know we have two components here in the system. It is a double star orbiting around each other. And we have one faster component that obviously generates the silicon signal. And then a slower one, which will be the heavier one, because they actually turn around their common barycenter, their center of gravity. And that emanates a lot of helium, it seems. And that emits a lot of helium. And if we look at the speeds here, looking at the graphs a bit more closely, if you analyze them by quantity, you see the speeds of the fast components. That is the larger amplitude. And the flatter curve is the heavier component. The blue items are our measurements. And the red ones for the fast component are the sinus curve, which I fitted to the measurements, assuming that we really are looking right at the edge of the system. In our view, they exactly orbit around each other and that the orbits are exactly circular. And you see that that is not a perfect fit to my measurements. And the reason for that is that the assumption isn't quite correct. So you could now derive the angles at which we're looking and things like that. But we're not going to go into that much detail. What I want to talk about are the speeds. We see a maximum speed of 188 kilometers per second for the fast component. And the slow component does 42 kilometers per second at most. Although the error is larger here. And these two curves are both shifted downwards. The green line is a bit centered at minus 19 kilometers an hour. And the other line is shifted the other way. So that means that the whole system is approaching us at a speed of 19 kilometers per second. If I now know all these speeds and the period of 13 days, then I can calculate what the radius of these two orbits is of both components around each other. The fast component at 41 million kilometers revolves around the center of gravity and the other at 7 million. So they're about 50 million kilometers apart. And we have to understand what that actually means. Is that much or is that not much? We'll come to that. If I now use Kepler's laws of motion, I can actually determine the masses. And the fast component we can see it has three solar masses. Well, that's not very little. It's quite something. And the second component, the heavier one, 13 solar masses. So altogether we have 16 solar masses in which every 13 days complete one revolution around each other. So how do we have to imagine this? This is the final result of the investigation with the equipment I have introduced. That's what it was used. And here's what you can learn from that. Looking towards the right first to the Earth and Sun system, the solar system, you see that the distance of the Earth to the Sun is 150 million kilometers. Comparing that to the 50 million kilometers in the better lyrae system, you see that 16 solar masses are concentrated in a fairly confined space.  And if I am on the Earth observing the system, then first I see the hydrogen and the water, as I've already mentioned, because that is in our atmosphere. I also see the Earth revolving around the Sun. And depending on which day I am observing, I would find different speeds because the Earth, of course, moves at 30 kilometers per second itself. So that I have to correct for every time. All the values I gave are actually related to the center of the Sun. And now we also see where the sodium comes from. That comes from the interstellar cloud, which at 21 kilometers per second is moving towards us. It's not connected to the stellar system. And the stellar system, what have we learned about that one? We've seen these large masses. We were able to... From the lines that we saw. I only showed you silicon and sodium, but I have spectral lines of silicon and iron, of course. So I can determine the temperature at the surface. And we realized it's 13,000 degrees. And of course, we know that helium is gathering in the middle and the zone within the star where the fusion occurs is migrating towards the outer layers. And the lighter component behaves like a cannibal towards the faster component as the faster components mass moves to its outer layers. It swallows material and forms it into a disk. And that disk is actually so strong that we don't actually get to see the inner component. And we've seen only hydrogen and helium, but no other elements that would then show us the speed of the second component again. You don't see those because the star is completely covered. That disk is not a narrow disk. It's at least as thick as the star. That is called an accretion disk. And that is the gainer, the star that takes. And we don't know a lot about this star. We only know that it has 13 solar masses. And also the other, we've seen that it has three solar masses. We know the speeds towards and away from us. And I didn't really talk about this. The hydrogen or helium distribution looking at that, the emission lines. You see that no matter what the constellation is, whether the user is at the 0.5 position, where it should cover up the star behind it, or whether it's at the one position. It doesn't make a lot of difference regarding the actual energy output, which means that most of the hydrogen and helium is either above or below. And I would call those jets. It could be different structures, but there is quite a widespread speed distribution there. I didn't talk about this in much detail. It's about up to plus minus 400 kilometers per second, very high speeds involved here. And we know the whole system is moving towards us. It's 19 kilometers per second. We know the period of 13 days. And in fact, we know that every 100 years, the system loses 19 seconds of it. The reason is that the light component loses mass, passing it on to the heavy components. So the mechanical relationships are changing. And the distance from beta iray to the sun is 960 light years, which we cannot see this in my data. I got this data from Gaia. It's relatively fresh. But this system is still observed not only by me as an amateur, so a lot of people look at this, but it's still a subject of current research. And the exact details of how this mass transfer happens and which exact structures or fine structures you can find in this disk, what do the jets look like? So this is still current research. And what I wanted to show is how you can, with relatively simple means, so six components and some aluminum or aluminum, and a telescope you need, of course, but how you can use those to make fairly detailed observations about a star that's a thousand light years away, which exceeds what you can get for the photo from a 10 meter mirror. So they can't observe that, but I in my garden can observe that. So thank you very much. I am done with that. Thank you to everyone who listened and also to the Chaos Computer Club that I've been able to do this here at all, especially thank you to the Jean-Marthe Lübeck and Knut Henke who thought that I could participate here and Ulrich Preitschberger for some design hints for this spectrometer and a lot more people, of course. So that's it for me. Thank you. Thank you very much from us as well. And I think not just chat. And we noticed that this is a great basic talk for people who are interested but who didn't study physics or it's been a while. So thank you very much for explaining so wonderfully what it's about at the beginning and how everything works. We have several questions from the audience or from the chat. And I think there will be some more. So we have one question at the beginning. I have a five inch telescope and a manual spectrometer. Can you do that with this? Yep, you can still do it like that. So the nice thing about spectroscopy is that you can use simple means to get good results already. But you have to combine the things in a clever way, of course. So the spectrometer, I have to connect to my telescope somehow. And I can do this. I did it with this fiber. But I could also, if it's a regular split spectrometer and it doesn't have fiber, then I can also in some way mount it directly on my telescope. And if it's a five inch one, that is a fairly powerful device. And if you don't drive the resolution as much as I did it here, then you can still even do spectroscopy of celestial objects which are even weaker in their light than the star. But I also have a question here if there's more question on the optical components as well as the camera, so the noise and light sensitivity. Yes, of course. There is some information there. Maybe it would go too far here. I can go back to the slide where I listed the elements. So the kilometers of one inch lens, 125 millimeters, then the grating is 97 lines per millimeter, 63 degree grid, which you can buy as such, costs about 200 euros. The prism is an F2 prism, 60 by 60 also costs roughly 200 euros. The camera is an attic which is cooled. So the noise is due to this fairly well, the noise behavior, because I cool it down to 25 or minus 30 degrees below the environmental temperature. And so I didn't go into detail on this, but of course I do some dark field recordings to eliminate the noise. And then the photos we see here, the noise has been removed there. There is some processing in there as already. But it would, as I said, also be possible with an SLR camera with a lens. So the objective, the Samyang here is an F2. You could also use a regular one inch camera, one 35 millimeters. It should have a lot of light sensitivity, but I think with simple means you can still get fairly far. What should you say, how much money do you need for this basic setup? Approximately, I think I did it a bit more precise than approximately. I think there's fairly exactly 1,700 euros without camera, but with the lens. If that's not bad, you can consider that at least. Yeah, if that's up for you. And I would say other hobbies can also be expensive, definitely. Even very expensive. I have one more question about calibrating the spectrometer. How well do you have to calibrate it and how do you do this and how often? All right, yeah, calibrating, we can maybe go into a bit more detail here. I do this with a halogen lamp because these positions can move it. It depends on the temperature and on the humidity. And also on the telescope, I think. So I have to do some kind of calibration. But a basic calibration is not a fundamental calibration. You don't have to do that often, every few months maybe. The fine calibration I do practically every time. So each day with each tournament. And the precision that you can achieve here, I also have on this image, is roughly 400s of an angstrom. So we saw an atom is one angstrom. And the calibration here is, no, I think it's 1,400, not 4, 100. Of an angstrom. Are there publications about this? So they're coming to not on the page because, but in a kind of journal, because it would show that this research can be done with cheap means. Yes, there are, of course, a lot of publications about this. There are also books about this. I myself, so this is all, I didn't come up with all of this myself. I profited from the ideas of others who've done this for a long time already. There are books, let's see one I have here about spectroscopy or which someone I know in the spectrum of these circles wrote of this book. I can hold it up here. It's called Astrophysical Instrumentation and Measurement Technology for Spectroscopy, Theory, Practice, Technology and Observation. Daniel Tsoblowski and Jota, something, I'm sorry. I looked a lot into this book, but there are also other things. There are a lot of publications here, because this tool of spectroscopy is everything we know about our universe, what we do about exoplanets, everything is based on spectroscopy. So this would be my next question if you can see exoplanets like this. Well, see, I think you showed something in this presentation. They also had this pull of the planet on the star. And using this, this is similar to the double star system, or binary system I showed now. And in this system, the velocity was around 200 kilometers per second. And with a planet, even a heavy planet has around 50 meters per second. So I need a lot more resolution for this. And this requires larger telescopes and larger spectrometers. So I couldn't do this with this equipment. So this would require a factor of 100 or more. So yeah, roughly a factor of 100. So would that be possible with your setup? No, no. This high accuracy I will not achieve. I would have to do it all a bit larger. That would be possible. I'm sure there are amateurs who could do this. But in addition, the appropriate stars would need to be found. Because the longer I stretch out the spectrum, the less light remains at each point. So at some point I will need a larger telescope. Doesn't have to be that much larger. But the size I have is a bit too little. And many amateurs have larger devices. Yeah, it would have been my next question, how large the telescope is. I think I mentioned it. It's a 10 inch telescope with a 20 centimeter opening. The focal length I actually shortened a bit, because the star is always a point light source. Even in Chile, with the large telescope, this star is still a single dot. It's not resolved into a disk. So all it takes is all that matters is that I don't lose any light. And therefore, I reduced the focal length to about 1 meter, 30 centimeters. And you built a lot of yourself. What was the hardest thing for self-building? The hardest part to build was the adjustment. You don't see that very well. You see if you observe the lines, they are not actually straight. The whole thing is a bit slanted. And that's not optimal. It would be better if the lines could be made perfectly parallel and not have, and if they would not bend as they do. And that is the most important thing for self-building. And that is something that I haven't quite managed to do yet, and I could readjust things. And that's what takes the longest time as well. But if that is finished and you don't touch it, then there is no longer any problem. What took me the longest time was actually the software. I couldn't count the hours. But that was also because I had to learn, as it is all the time with a good hobby, right? Okay, I have maybe a bit of a joke question. Could you calculate horoscopes with it? No, actually not. But you can calculate all kinds of things. I have this laser, for example, a nanosecond laser for measuring distances. If I point that to a coin, and look at the light that is reflected off the coin, then I can measure the coin and its composition. And nanoscopes, but maybe that's not so important either. But last question, what is your next big project? Well, this is actually just an example. For example, last year I did spectroscopy on Neowise, the comet. It looks very different. You can see carbon bands here. I can't go into the details what that all physically means. But there's a very different chemistry and physics in there, in the comet's coma. I can observe it and analyze it. And also other stars. The advantage that I have as an amateur is that, as I've just shown with Betel Leire, I can concentrate on a single star and keep looking at it. Professionals cannot do this because they don't have the observation time. They have to apply for it in advance, a long time advance, and there is a competition for time. So with this kind of equipment, I can actually, in terms of long-term oppositions, I can actually still gain valuable information, even for the professional. Oh, that's beautiful. I think there is no other field where that is so well possible.


and you're watching Bianca Renee today and today marks the day of my four year YouTube anniversary.  So I thought today would be a great day to do a very highly requested video on how to start a YouTube channel.  Now first of all, I did recently hit over 100,000 subscribers so does that make me an expert on YouTube? No, but I'm obviously doing something right and those that have millions of followers might be too busy to make this video for you so here we are. Now I started my channel in 2013 which was four years ago and in my first year of YouTube, I posted four videos. Can you guys imagine how mad you'd be at me if I only posted four videos a year? But from then in 2014, I then posted 14 videos. Still not a lot but better than four. And it wasn't until 2015 that I actually committed to my YouTube channel. I wanted to post every week and I wanted to be able to get to a level where I could make YouTube my full-time job. So in 2015, I posted every Sunday and I posted 47 videos. So there's 52 weeks and a year so I missed a couple but that's way better than four. Which brings me to the number one thing that I think is important when it comes to you wanting to have a YouTube channel which is you have to be able to commit. Being a YouTuber is not easy. You have to be able to have the time to think of your idea you wanna film, actually film it, edit it. And then once you edit it, then you have to promote it on all types of social media. So if you don't have the time, then you don't have the time to make a YouTube channel. There is a lot of work behind it. I don't think a lot of people keep in mind. Which brings me to point number two. I think that you should be independent. If you wanna start a channel but you don't know how to do anything, it's gonna be hard. I don't think you should be like, oh, I have a friend that could film my videos. Oh, I have a cousin that could edit it for me. And oh, I have a third friend that is really good on social media. And then my team together will create a YouTube channel. No, you're doing it wrong. That is the whole point of YouTube. YouTube was created so that creators could be independent and just do things on their own. They don't need a production crew. They don't need a network. They just need themselves, their personality and their camera. And they can get it done by themselves. The reason why I think you need to be independent is because you need to be able to be on your own schedule. If you have someone that's filming and someone that's editing, now you're worried about their schedule. So you can go, oh, I have a good idea. I wanna shoot it now. You got your mojo going, but your camera guy is not available today. Or like, oh, I only wanna post this video by tomorrow, but you can't because the editing girl is busy. You can't rely on other people's schedules because you're gonna have to be persistent and commit to posting your videos as much as possible. And now you can't because of other people's schedule. Which brings me to point number three, which is you need to educate yourself. You have to learn how to use a camera. You're gonna have to learn about lighting. You're gonna have to learn about editing. So you're gonna have to learn either iMovie, which it comes stock on any type of Apple product, Mac, laptop, computer, or you also could buy Final Cut. Final Cut Pro, Final Cut 10. It is not cheap, but it's what actual filmmakers use. So if you could master Final Cut, you're using the real deal. I personally skipped over iMovie and just committed to learning Final Cut. That way I don't have to waste my time learning one to then learn another. But if you don't have Final Cut, iMovie is still a great program to use. Now besides the technical aspect, you also have to educate yourself in whatever you're gonna be talking about. I talk about curly hair. So I have learned so much about curls so that I then could tell you guys, my audience, about what I've learned.  I did not go to school in cosmetology or hairstylist anything, but I am a girl that has tried a lot of different products and learned the thing or two over time and I'm continuing to learn things. And as I learn new things, I tell you guys, but I do have to stay on my game and try new products and learn about the ingredients and I have to educate myself that I'm credible to my audience. So if you're talking about food, makeup, fitness, you actually have to learn about what you're talking about so people actually care to watch your videos. And caring about the videos, it brings me to point number four, which is you have to have passion. Now when I started my channel, I literally started almost on accident because I found these amazing curly hair products that worked for my hair. A lot of you guys don't believe me, but I actually struggled with my curly hair and always having frizz. So when I found something that I loved, I was so excited about it that I just wanted to tell every curly girl I've ever ran into about these products. So because I was so passionate about these products and how well they worked and how I wanted to share that with you, that's what I did. I literally shot in my mom's kitchen on a laptop using the front camera, no audio equipment, and I used the lighting from the sun that was just beaming through the kitchen. That's it. Did I have the best setup? Definitely not, but my information was important and it was something that I was passionate about. So that video today has over half a million views and I literally shot in my kitchen just being me talking about something that I love. The next thing would be the equipment. Now, like I said, in my first video, I didn't have any equipment. I literally had my laptop camera and that's it. So I don't want you to think that you need to spend hundreds, thousands of dollars on equipment to make your video. You don't. Will those things make your videos look better in the future? Yes, definitely, but they're not mandatory. The most important thing is you, your personality and your topic and as long as you can get that out in the universe, that's what people wanna see. I started off with my laptop camera. Then I graduated and got a real camera. That would be my first investment advice to you guys. I personally got the Canon Rebel T3i, which is like everybody's starter YouTube camera. It is a Canon, but it's like their cheapest model or one of the cheapest models that is great for video. The second thing I would recommend would be audio. Audio is so important. When I look at my old videos, I can't even watch them anymore because you hear like the echo from my bathroom or you hear like the air condition going on. Having a good mic is going to make your video sound so much better. You could either use an app on your phone, on your iPhone. You can buy a mic that sits onto your camera or like right now I have a lavalier mic. So I have a mic on my body and then I have a receiver on my camera. So now my audio was automatically synced and you could hear me nice and clearly. The third thing I got was lighting. I started off with umbrella lights. You can get these on Amazon like I did. It's a three point lighting kit. So it's a light bulb with an umbrella, a light bulb with an umbrella and then a back light back here to like shine behind you.  So I do like that and recommend that. And then I eventually upgraded to a ring light. So right now I'm using a ring light which is very popular in the beauty community. But if you don't have money for lighting, if you could find just a nice big window, natural lighting looks amazing, especially for beauty videos. Another thing that I absolutely love is my little remote. So with this remote, I can change the focus and or push record and stop from a distance. So if I'm sitting behind all of my hair products or makeup, I don't have to get up and actually push record. I can just go boop, boop and be done. This is the lifesaver and I'm surprised I haven't lost it yet. My videos have greatly evolved from my videos four years ago and I've gotten my equipment over time.  Just buy what you can and eventually upgrade when you can. And last but not least, something that I think that you really need to have a YouTube channel is confidence. There will always be YouTube and internet trolls. There'll always be bullies. There'll always be people that are just bored and have nothing to do but leave negative comments on your hard worked video. So if you're someone that gets easily discouraged and might just live each day crying about these negative comments, I might suggest waiting until you could build up yourself with the point where you know you love yourself and it doesn't matter what anybody else has to say. You will get a hundred amazing beautiful comments of how they loved your video and you'll get that one comment that was like, this video sucked.  But you can't let it bug you. You will always have haters in life.  And it's true. If you're not doing anything cool, they're not even gonna waste their time to say anything. So take it as a compliment. They still came on and gave you a view and you probably got paid for that view. So thanks.  Like you could say something and they will attack you for me. And I'm just like, well, shouldn't have messed with my crew. You shouldn't have messed with my crew. And that is definitely the best part about having a YouTube channel is having your loyal subscribers, people that always leave you comments and then they write you and they tell you how you've helped their lives and it just motivates you to keep going. It motivates you to commit, to educate, to be independent and to do all the things that it takes to be a YouTuber. So side note, thank you all for watching this video and being subscribed to my channel because you guys are the ones that keep me going. So those are my main six things I think you should keep in mind before even starting a YouTube channel. Now I didn't even get into actual video tips and things you should keep in mind when filming a video because this video would be very long. One of my tips is don't have very long videos but I could make more YouTube topic videos. If you guys are interested just leave me a comment like you know what you guys wanna see but I hope you enjoyed this video. I hope you learned the thing or two and I thank you for watching. Now before you go ask that you please follow me on all social media at Ms. Bianca Renee on Instagram, Snapchat and Twitter and push that subscribe button because I post new videos every Sunday. I hope to see you all next week. Thanks for watching Bianca Renee today.