Okay, so our next speaker here will be Dean and Ken as Lockner. They are producers for the near-rehigh South Dakota. Here to share their experiences with working with the laws of nature. Water, wind, and soil. The Lockners were featured in the 2018 Our Amazing Crazy Lands video during which they explained the importance of the benefits of diverse grasslands, including the positive impact they have on wildlife, pollinator species, and soil health. They have worked to increase plant species, diversity of their grasslands, and have done quite a bit of work in the different types of grazing management, pollinators, and seeding of perennial. So, one of the things, I went to their presentation yesterday, one of the things I'd like everybody to do when their finishes come up here, and look at all the things that they've stopped doing, and how that's increased their quality of life. Although, one of the things I see up here was, they did not replace a toilet in the second house, and then after looking at Dean's underwear, I think maybe he should have done that, but at any rate, it was Dean and Ken as Lockner. This particular photo was taken from the top of the Rehills in 2019, and explain a little bit about where we live. The Rehills up here have, they're about 300 feet higher than the town of Reheits, two miles away. Our ranch is in between the two. Over 200 feet of that elevation drop is in the one mile stretch to our place, the rest is down at Reheits. So, we have a lot of potential runoff from the Rehills. There is a four mile stretch of gravel road that runs perpendicular to the slope of the Rehills, and if you look at the next slide, you can see what that potential runoff can do to a road. This particular photo was taken during the spring of 1997. We had an incredible amount of snow and there was a lot of runoff, and it ran over that four mile stretch road in 14 places. Who has to pay for these repairs? Greg Vavra with the South Dakota Local Transportation Assistance Program estimated that it costs over $20,000 per mile to upgrade one mile of gravel road from fare to excellent. And the question is what caused this damage? Was it a rain event, or was it land management choices? A law of nature is water runs downhill. It always has and always will. Precipitation varies drastically from year to year. If you have poor water infiltration, you'll get runoff and roads washed out and topsoil in the ditches. Our ranch historically was farmed minimum tillage. We used a chisel plow and it was overgrazed. You can't change the amount of rain that you get, but you can change the management and the water infiltration of the land itself. Another issue that we saw, if you look at that bare spot in the center of that photo, we have a very mixed soils in the re-hills. Our soils are what the glacier deposited there, so we can have anything from sand and gravel to hard clay pans. That particular area wouldn't, it had been farmed a number of years and it really wouldn't grow anything anymore. If you look at those same clay pan areas in native prairie, about the only thing they'll grow is western wheatgrass. So, the question is what is the root of the problem? Were old management practices the cause? So we had started converting marginal farmland into well-managed grazing hayland with roots up to 12 feet deep to increase water infiltration and to stop the runoff. Our initial seedings were just monocultures of big blue stem and switchgrass. We didn't really know what we were doing, we just knew we needed to make some changes. This photo was taken in 2017, which was actually a drought year for us, and this is the same spot in that previous picture where there was a clay pan. And we finally have things starting to grow in it now. We did inter-seed western wheatgrass and cison milk batch and common alfalfa into our monocultures. And the amazing thing about the monocultures is that the amount of other plants that we did not seed that eventually came into those areas. And of course bluegrass and bromegrass doesn't surprise most people that they would invade, but we have native forbs and stuff, so you know the seeds were there. And there are actually more plant species in our grass seedings that I didn't seed than the ones I actually put there. A law of nature, diverse perennial roots protect and preserve the soil from flood and drought. This photo is actually the first field I had planted to switch grass. And if you look at the variety there, we had 178 pairs in this pasture for about two weeks. We pulled them out on June 4th, and by June 29th this is what the pasture looked like. This was in 2018, and this was just an average rainfall year for us. Most of you are familiar with the tidy, whitey test we've had demonstrated here quite a bit today. And we buried our first pairs in 2017 during the drought. When I buried them, the soil was so dry it was hard to even dig up the soil to bury them. And I wanted to see the difference between native grasslands, and then we also had a Borrome-Alfalfa field that was planted about 13 years earlier, so it had been grass a long time. Which one, the top pair obviously wasn't buried, but which pair do you think was buried in the native and which pair do you think was buried in the Borrome-Alfalfa? The one on the right was in native grasslands. So it told me that we had much greater biological activity in lands that have never ever been disturbed before. This is one time when losing your shorts is a good thing, except this only happened in the native prairie. And this was just in eight weeks time. We incorporate livestock as employees. Cattle love to spread manure for free every day of the year, and why not let them fertilize for you? Twig Marston, he's a field beef nutritionist for Hubbard feeds. He made this quote. He says grazing is unquestionably the most economical feed delivery system, period. On our ranch, we also do manage grazing for others, and we charge on a per thousand pounds per day basis so that we assure that we're not overgrazing with oversized cattle. We also use electric temporary electric fencing to fence off riparian areas. This particular photo, this is a draw that actually has springs in it, and water flows quite freely in the springtime.   And they would totally destroy that, it would just be a muddy mess. Those are Maximilian sunflowers, and they're just abundant in there if you give them the chance to grow. This is the happy cows after I removed the fence, and within, as we pulled them out after about three days, but there was only about 10% of the blossoms left. They actually selected all the blossoms and really went after it. Another thing that we use a lot is we do strip grazing and bale grazing, all to keep putting manure back where it belongs on the land. I'll let Candace talk about these next things. I'll just handle this. Okay. Really? So, one out of every three bites of food that we eat depends upon pollinators. So we just choose to look at what nature is willing to do for us for free, and let's work with them. Next slide. So, I think maybe you can see if you look really closely. In 2019, we hosted 300 hives of honeybees, and we appreciate the honey all year long, and enjoy sharing it with our family, but they're really happy with the diverse mix that they find in our native pastures. I get to talk about the fun stuff. We love, especially with the grandkids, letting them know that they can come out whenever it's the monarch migration or watching the birds just right outside the window every day. We keep the bird book and the binoculars right by the window, and the monarchs just thrive in the ever-changing, ever-blooming prairies. So this is a picture during the monarch migration, usually early September when we see them come through. But the monarch numbers are falling 80 to 90 percent in the last 20 years, and monarch caterpillars only eat milkweed, so we need to manage to try to preserve and allow milkweed to flourish. We see yellow swallowtail. I'm concerned their host is the ash tree, and of course with the emerald ash borer. I'm just not sure what the consequence of that's going to be. But three-fourths of the fruits and vegetables that we eat depend upon pollinators, so we cannot ignore them. This is a picture of a sulfur butterfly on the native data gave feather on the native prairie. So we do need to preserve native prairies. 40 percent of all insect species face extinction. The National Geographic calls the current death of insects due to neonicotinoid seed treatments that cause fat loss and insect apocalypse. And a 2019 South Dakota News Watch report tells of a groundbreaking study conducted by scientists in South Dakota, and it's found that the world's most widely used family of pesticides, neonicotinoids, is likely causing serious birth defects in white-tailed deer. And this was first observed by producers in Montana. So the law of nature, birds are important pollinators of wildflowers, and many grassland birds are endangered due to habitat loss. This is a picture of a bobble ink, and we just enjoy seeing many of those in our pastures today. We've witnessed such a dramatic increase in the diversity in numbers of bird species since implementing conservation principles that just simply allow them to flourish. These pheasant grass, partergiegels, hawks, owls, it's just, it's a bird paradise. And we're passionate about allowing them to live in our vicinity. Is this 1935 or is this now? This picture was taken in 1935. Plowing and drought equal dust storms. It's a law of nature. The wind will blow. Hugh Hammond Bennett is called the father of conservation. He was the first chief of the soil conservation service that became the NRCS. And he said, out of the long list of nature's gifts to man, none is perhaps so utterly essential to human life as soil. What do you see in this picture? If you look really close in the center, there is a vehicle in there. We've made a lot of progress since 1935, or have we? This photo was taken by the South Dakota Highway Department. It happened just a short distance from our ranch on Highway 14. This was a dust storm off a neighbor's no-tilled field. And it's still happening. This is the consequences of that dust storm. Vehicles ran into each other. They couldn't see each other. My wife and I sat a mile away from Highway 14 and watched this dust storm. We saw a big white-sided semi waiting to go through the dust storm and they finally released this line of cars and this big truck to go through. And it was a bright, sunny day. You could see this semi, you could have seen it 10 miles away. As it went into that dust storm, it absolutely totally disappeared. That's how bad the visibility was. Again, this was a no-tilled field. If you remove all the residue from a no-tilled field, it doesn't work. This is the same date. This is a different field. This happened to be a soybean field. This vehicle that's coming out of the storm, you couldn't see it just a few feet back. And where it's coming out of, where it's cleared, our grasslands are right beside that field. That is the contrast. You can see all the poles there, electrical poles. We have another photo from the other direction. The dirt was much higher than this photo. You could only see five poles' distance. The rest of them were totally obscured. This is a little bit later that year. In June, we had three inches of rainfall in two days. This is another field. Silt and corn stalks were filling the ditches along Highway 14. Water ran over Highway 14, and they actually had to close the road. Why is this still happening? Prevention is our responsibility. Land management is the problem. This is that same corn stalk and silt runoff that filled the ditches. And this is a field that this has happened to almost annually for as long as most people can remember. Is this a public relations issue? You bet it is, because we've heard a lot of people comment about this same field over the years. This photo is also the same in the video that you saw at the beginning. This was taken at the same time. But in 2017, we only had 12 and a half inches of rainfall. And this pasture was very brown three days before they came to take pictures. We thought, oh great, they're scheduled to come when the ranch looks like it's brown and barren. And this is how green it looked after three days from finally getting a rain. And if I remember right, it was a half inch rain at the time. But we only had 12 and a half inches for the whole year. And of course in 2019, we had record rainfalls. And perennial roots drink deep and yield record production of forage and hay. We had no prevent plant on our ranch. Fields just across the fence never got planted.  What if you need to stop doing some things to become more profitable and make your soil healthy? Are you willing to challenge your traditions and make changes if it leads to soil health and more free time? All the things on this board are things that we stop doing to become more profitable and find time for us. And you can come up afterwards and just look at all the things that we actually stop doing by making management changes. Which road would you prefer to drive on? This picture on the left was that in 1997 when we had all the water run over the roads, the picture on the right is 2019, the same stretch of road. And we did not have the runoff that we had in those earlier years except in places where we had some culverts plugged with snow. The great conservationist Wendell Berry said it well, there are no unsacred places, there are only sacred places and desecrated places. We have seen miraculous regeneration of soil health when we worked with the laws of nature, when we stopped old land management practices that destroy health, and everyone in here can too. We feel that we have a responsibility to mankind to maintain healthy soil, to learn and respect the laws of nature, to use a stewardship-based land management ethic, and to practice regenerative, nourishing and sustainable agriculture. The question is why? We don't inherit the earth from our ancestors, we borrow it from our children. And this is our clan from Christmas this year. There's 18 of us now and we're all together. We would like to thank our millions of valuable employees. There are more soil microorganisms and a teaspoon of healthy soil than there are people on the earth. Why not let them work for you for free? It should say billions. We really want to give thanks to NRCS and the South Dakota Grassland Coalition, the South Dakota Soil Health Coalition. Many of these photos were taken by our daughter Lindsay Palmer, photography, and from the South Dakota Highway Patrol. This is our contact info. We do have some business cards if anybody wants to ask us questions later. At this time, we would be willing to answer any questions that you might have. That is continuously variable. It depends on so many things. It depends on moisture, how much stuff you've got out there, whether I don't want to do it that day. As an example, I've done everything from moving on a daily basis, and I tend to do that more earlier in the spring, moving more quickly. The extreme is probably two weeks. This last year, we had an abundance of grasses, and we really weren't worried about damaging anything. We just didn't have enough livestock. We'd let it go two weeks before we'd even move them, and you could have went in there and bailed two bales to the acre after they left. People ask me a lot, well, what do you do? I said, never the same thing twice. My visual is to look at what's there and make my decisions based on what's there. A lot of things, for example, I have no question that you could go in there and move those cattle every 12 hours and do more efficient grazing. For us, it became a quality of life issue that we have grandkids and family and other things we want to do in life, so we don't always do that. Go ahead. Very much so. If you come up and look at all the things on this board, it's huge. Repeat the question. The question was, what changes have I made to managing my cattle? I do not. This will be my fifth year of not using insecticides anymore. I didn't do this because I thought it was a good idea. My approach was what I was doing wasn't working. We talked about pouring cattle for lice. My experience was I'd pour cattle for lice and they rub just as much as when I poured them, as when I finally decided I'm just going to quit and see what happens. There's no change. They say, well, you've got to switch products. You've got to do this different. None of it made any sense. It didn't work. I said, there's no point in spending the money if it doesn't work. There might be a couple of weeks during the summer that the cattle are a little miserable with flies. I will say that if you don't change your management, some of these things won't work. Because of rotation, we're moving on and the flies aren't being hatched in the manure and repopulating the cows. I think you do need to make management changes. I used to run a spring calving herd and a fall calving herd. I used to sell club calves. We stopped the club calves. We stopped the traditional March and April calving. I'm now a May-June calver and I wouldn't ever go back. We graze as much as possible, as much as a winter will let us do. Right now I am feeding bales, but we do try to always have the manure back out on the land. If I feed bales, I'll feed in four different pastures. All I've got to do for four days is open the next gate and let the cattle graze. I always feed in a new place in clean areas. Anything you want to add to that for changes? There's many more on the board. We stopped AIing. Part of the reason we used to artificially inseminate was we were in the club calf business. If you wanted to be competitive in that, you had to do that. One of the reasons we quit AIing is that my wife also said that the bulls like to do it and they will be doing it this year. Never the same thing twice.  One of the reasons I did that is we used to wean and do everything right and have them all vaccinated and do all these things to them. We take them to the sale barn and they wouldn't sometimes bring less money than the guy who took them right off the cow and sold them. I said, I'm not going to do that anymore if I'm not going to get paid for it. Because we have May and June calves, my calves are way lighter than most of the calves at the sale barn. We'll weigh 100 pounds more than mine. Those lightweight calves bring such a premium price that if you calculate what the people with heavier calves get for that extra 100 pounds, it's a lot of times only 30 to 60 cents a pound for that extra 100 pounds. I've seen no point, you can't put that kind of 100 pounds on for 30 to 60 cents a pound. Now this year, it was totally different. I still have all my calves. I didn't sell them and I did wean them this year. But it depends on markets and stuff too. The one key thing I've learned about whatever we're talking about here is flexibility and observing and making changes when you need to make changes instead of getting stuck in the rut. Probably around 500. Make me an offer. Do you want to queue up? You want to introduce the video? Okay. Yeah, go ahead. This last video, first of all, is there any other questions? Probably the thing that's most concerning to us right now is land transition. What's going to happen, most of our land is rented from six different family members. This is 2020 is our last year for a contract with some of those and we know that siblings want cash now. They don't live around here. You can explain the soil health story to them as much as you want. It doesn't matter. They want cash now. That's our biggest change is what's going to happen after this year. I know you've had speakers here that talked about land transition and we have no choice in that matter. Family decides to do what they want to do and Candy's really good about sending out a newsletter every year about the practices we do it, why we do it, try to educate. There's maybe one of the people we rent from that listens and kind of understands it until it comes down to the cash part of it. We still want the cash. That's our biggest concern. You want to share it quick? Okay. We're sharing this last video. There's a lot of troubles going on right now in agriculture. As we're walking our path of life, we sometimes come across obstacles.  The child's our grandson. Sometimes we just need a little bit of encouragement to overcome our obstacles. You'll hear my daughter's voice in the background being those words of encouragement. I think we've received a lot of encouragement here from a lot of people. You would think of all the speakers here today that we all got together and had a theme and a plan of how we were all going to coordinate. I've been surprised how we've had so much coordination without doing that. We're all thinking and doing things and we're learning from each other. It's been an amazing conference. Thank you for having us. You are welcome to come up and look at this board of all the things that we have stopped doing. There's many more things we could have put on there too, but it's been life-changing for us.


Last week, we addressed how students can help speak up to encourage OER use on campus, but then what? How can instructors effectively locate and evaluate open educational resources if they want to use them in their classes? Today, I'll be highlighting a few repositories where you can search for OER, techniques for locating the sources you need, and rubrics available for evaluating the resources you find too. Before we dive in, I'll give a quick definition of what we're talking about. Open educational resources are openly licensed educational materials like textbooks, lab books, syllabi, and even full courses that are freely available online for anyone who wants to use them. But finding OER can be really difficult for some instructors. The internet is full of information and it can be hard to find useful high-quality educational resources even if you know what you're looking for. So what can you do about that? You can start by learning a few tricks about searching for open educational content online. There are three steps you need to take when searching for OER in your subject area. First, you need to identify keywords and basic ideas related to your subject. Techniques for finding OER are similar to the techniques you might use to find anything else online. Start broad and work your way up to more narrow and specialized topics. Identify keywords. You may not be able to find an open textbook that has the same title as your class. But starting with a general term can bring up a lot of resources you might be interested in. Second, you need to compile a list of all the available resources that relate to your subject area. Don't be picky yet. Just find everything you can and wait to judge them until later. This will give you a good idea about the breadth of the resources available to you before we start eliminating options. Finally, you can evaluate your resources. Go through the tables of contents of the open textbooks you've found to see if any of the chapters align with subjects you teach in your class. Decide if videos or lesson plans will fit into your learning objectives or the way you like to teach. We'll cover other options for evaluating OER later, but for now, just remember, identify, compile, and evaluate. Now, you might be thinking, I need to find open educational resources, but I still don't know where to look. That's okay, because now we're going to review some options for OER repositories you can use to find resources for your classes. The first repository I'd like to highlight is the Open Textbook Library. The Open Textbook Library is supported by the Open Textbook Network, a group started by the University of Minnesota, and the resources housed on the Open Textbook Library are largely college-level textbooks. The reason I wanted to highlight the Open Textbook Library first is because of its easy-to-use interface and search features. When looking for textbooks on this repository, you can search in the bar on the top right if you're looking for a specific topic, or you can browse by general subject area. Once you find something, how do you know if you have the right book for you? Well, you'll need to evaluate it for yourself, just like you would with any other textbook, but the Open Textbook Library also allows you to read reviews from faculty who have already adopted these books in their classes. For example, this introductory business book has nine reviews available to read online, and you can also see the names, positions, and institutions of the faculty who reviewed the book. Having access to chapter lists, book summaries, and reviews makes the Open Textbook Library one of the most user-friendly OER repositories online today. If you're interested in finding supplemental materials, individual textbook chapters, or even lecture recordings, OER Commons is another great repository for finding a plethora of open educational resources online. OER Commons has a huge selection of materials available, but this also makes them more difficult to sort through than the resources available from the Open Textbook Library. For one thing, the resources on OER Commons are much less likely to have user reviews available, and because the resources can be anything from an informational website to full lecture recordings, what you find in your subject area may vary wildly from what you intended to find in the first place. Still, there are some great resources available here, and it's a good place to start. Now that we've covered a couple of places to go to look for OER, let's look at how you can evaluate these resources. Although some repositories, like the Open Textbook Library, provide faculty reviews of open educational resources, you can't assume that there will be reviews available on the resources you're interested in. Because of this, understanding how to evaluate OER yourself is really important. First, you'll want to identify vetted rubrics for evaluating OER. There are a few different examples of these available on our library guide, so you don't have to search blindly. The Achieve and iRubrics forms are especially useful for instructors evaluating OER for the first time. These rubrics ask questions like, who created the resource? Does the information presented in the resource align with your class's learning objectives? Is the resource designed for users at the same level of education as your students? Asking questions like this early on can be a huge help. The second step to evaluating open educational resources is to watch out for red flags. This goes hand in hand with the earlier evaluation, but requires a little bit more review on your part. Questions to ask include, does the resource have any typos, and when was the last time the resource was updated? Although these issues might not indicate that a resource is low quality, it can help determine if the resource you're considering is right for your class, or if it needs to be updated or adapted. Finally, after evaluating the resources you have compiled, create a list of your best options and determine which of these would be best for you to use in your class. Like I mentioned earlier in this video, it can be difficult to locate high quality open educational resources online. Using rubrics and searching on well curated repositories like the open textbook library and OER Commons can help make things easier, but you still might have issues locating exactly what you need. Contact your librarian for help or visit our research guide on OER if you have any questions.


Welcome everybody. Thank you so much for coming here today. I'm Becca McHale. I'm one of the co-founders of One Arts. We are so deeply grateful and moved to be here today celebrating the opening of this our amazing new Neighborhood Early Learning Center. We started One Arts eight years ago and have loved all the different things we've been able to do. Art shows, fair housing projects annually, after-school art classes and camps, working with IIA and SA, our neighborhood schools and getting to know the children and families in our neighborhood. We are deeply honored and touched by the support from the city to allow us to expand to be able to serve young children and their families. The City of Burlington made it possible for this school to open. So thank you to Mayor Miro Weinberger and our city counselors. We have Max Tracey here and Jean here today. Thank you so much for their commitment to supporting access to child care. Thank you to Rebecca Rees and Kara Al-Nasrawi from the Early Learning Initiative. We would not be here without your efforts. Thank you as well to Let's Grow Kids who has been with us every step of the way. This is an organization passionate about advocating for families and for child care. They have helped us on this journey being willing to take phone calls, help with any roadblocks, help with questions about regulations, about licensing and helping us to ensure that families get the financial support that they need to be able to attend. A big thank you to Dee Dee Harris, Paula Bonnie, Allie Richards for her leadership and everyone at Let's Grow Kids. Then we want to thank our amazing teachers and early childhood educators. This school would not have been possible without the passion of Sarah McClellan, who also lives in the neighborhood and worked endless hours to make this space happen. Her compassion and dedication to quality care and personal relationships and her vision for what this place can be is a driving force in our organization. Thank you to Sam Lyons as well for her tireless work with regulations, licensing and attention to all the very important details. Sam is covering a classroom today and couldn't make it. Thank you to Margaret Coleman, the other one arts co-founder for always dreaming big and knowing it can be done. Yeah and a huge and deep thank you to all of our teachers. We are so lucky to have found phenomenal teachers who bring an ethos of care and community to our children and families. Thank you also to Jacob Hinsdale for offering us this wonderful space. Thank you to Jake Durell for answering all of our legal questions. Thank you to Sabah Abbas for this beautiful mural and also there's another mural she did inside. Thank you to Steve Guild and his team at G4 Design Studios for helping us with the creative redesign of the space. There are very, very few right angles on this floor plan. Thank you to Rob Golden and his construction company Rise Above Construction. Rob worked many long days and volunteered his time to keep us on track and within budget for opening a truly herculean effort. Thank you to our neighbor Aimee Hool for the loving creations she makes for our children. She is the artist's seamstress extraordinaire who made sensory bean bags for every room. She also made us the ribbon-cutting sculpture that we'll use today which was a design collaboration with one of our artist teachers here, Mikayla Jones. Thank you to local authors and artists Aimee Huntington and Sarah Dillard for sharing their art and stories with us today. Please take a moment to look at their artwork inside.  You can see pages from her story and storefront windows and then you'll come back up and the last page is here. So I hope you can check that out. That'll be up for the month of May. And lastly I want to thank you all for coming here today so we can appreciate together what we all built together. Thank you. And now I'd like to invite the mayor to share our declaration and say a few words. Good morning everyone. Rebecca thank you for that. And I gotta say when we decided really about a decade ago that the city of Burlington would try to play a positive role, expanding the number of high quality child care opportunities in the city, we hoped and imagined that we would have days like today where you can walk in and see a new space with that is incredibly well designed and well outfitted for this critical task of taking proper care of our youngest Burlingtonians and you see community members and teachers that clearly love and know these children so well providing that care. We hope through tea days like this they've been that they don't happen every day it's a really happy day to be here with you and congratulations to everyone who's been involved in making today possible. I really you did a wonderful job properly thanking everyone that these days don't happen obviously without just an enormous community effort. I'm not going to repeat all that all of that. I do want to say a special thank you to the city team that has worked on this. Rebecca and Cara are here today and they've kind of picked up the torch or Rebecca's been here working on it since the start. Brian Lowe was very involved in this effort for many years and we are so thankful for the two of you the CEDO team that led to this. I also this has really always been something that had broad support within city government and it's awesome to see current city councilor reward to Gene Bergman here and former city council president Max Tracy. This is something Max and I very much agreed on and worked on together for years and the council played a big role in keeping this program moving forward correcting at times when we weren't making as much progress as we wanted to be. It's really been a great collaboration and I appreciate you being here. It's good to see you and now that we're not seeing you every other Monday night it's good to see you here. Since you know I was raised by a kindergarten teacher my mom was a kindergarten teacher I married a kindergarten teacher. I've always been very conscious of what an important critical role early care how critical that is what that does for children. I've always felt strongly that we are failing as a community and as a country if we are not ensuring that all of our children have have the proper care and we simply don't have such a system today. Far too many of our children don't get the kind of high quality care they need the people that work in the system are not properly compensated. Parents despite that pay way more than they can afford to to find care solutions for their children. There are all sorts of negative impacts of this and the best person in the country to speak to this systematically you're going to hear from in a moment so I will get out of the way for her to speak to it. I just want to say the city is committed to playing a positive impact on this we have since 2017 been making capacity grants to organizations like the old North End Arts Community School. There are now a growing list of high quality childcare institutions in Burlington that have gotten these grants. That list includes the Pine Forest Children's Center, the Robbins Nest Children's Center, the Burlington Children's Space just down the street. It's our Holbrook Community Center on the other side of the old North End. The YMCA got a substantial grant for their expansion. All told at this point the city has helped to create and I do want to stress the help. We're very aware that there are other key partners, key financial organizations that played a role. We'd like to say I am I do believe that the city's money is new money coming into the space has helped leverage other investment and played a critical role for the expansion that we've seen over the last five years. We've helped to create 120 new high quality spots in the city 92 of which serve infants and toddlers a 46 increase in the high quality infant and toddler spot in the city. This is something that drives me a little nuts about about our system. There's no doubt that government investment in for infants and toddlers for our youngest residents has more impact than government spending later. There is no doubt that we can do more good in people's lives in those first three years of life and yet America spends less money in these first three years than in later years. It's just it's the reverse of what it should be and Burlington is proud to play a role in shifting that balance and making sure there is at least a step towards the investment that we should be making in these years. A related effort that is separate from the the capacity grant program is what we call the first step scholarship program. This is a program where we make city money available to leverage and supplement the funding that is available through the state through the federal government and through private people's own pockets and this effort is picking up steam with every year. We are now funding 47 first step scholarships seven of which my understanding is are here at the Old North End Arts Center and our goal is to continue to grow that perhaps as much I think we've started in basically another 50% in the year ahead. It's still incomplete it's still not the comprehensive program that we ultimately need but it is a lot more than we had just a few years ago and it's it's headed in the right direction and now I'll turn the podium over to the woman that's going to make sure we finish the job not just here in Burlington but statewide and truly create the system that we need to properly care for our our infants and toddlers for our youngest Burlingtonians and that's Allie Richards and Let's Grow Kids. The city is so proud to have been a partner with Let's Grow Kids for years now and we're so excited about where everything that Let's Grow Kids is doing and to partner with you to get us over the finish line and create the system we need. Thank you Allie. Hi everyone thank you so much this is a joyous day this is a major celebration congratulations to One Arts Community School Burlington Becca your whole team and mayor you and your whole team the city of Burlington this is a community it's an honor for me to be here among your community of all these folks that came together for this for our youngest kids and isn't that something a city a state an organization a school coming together to give our kids what they need yes yes and did you see what was happening in there a local author was reading her book to these kids the muralist is here celebrating with us you know the teachers are doing sign language with the babies are you seeing this this is high quality affordable child care this is what we're talking about this is what all of our kids need thank you so much the mayor you've been an extraordinary leader early leader in this fight to make sure that every kid has this experience thank you to the city for our collaboration in first steps in ELI you know and thank you to Burlington for coming together around this this is a celebration so I offer this context as a motivation as an inspiration for us all right 8700 kids in Vermont today under six don't have a one arts school do not have access to the child care they need 8700 kids do not have this okay and families who find it feel lucky but they're paying 30 to 40 percent of their household income on that care at the same time early educators these early educators who are caring for the next generation they're getting $14 an hour on average without benefits okay none of that is okay none of that is all right and it makes no sense because when we figure this out together like you're figuring out here we make it sustainable we make it long-term we make it available for everyone it pays for itself immediately immediately and three times over over and over a lifetime over lifetime of our kids so you know we actually recently did a calculus on that $755 million is how much we get that immediately and annually when we take care of our kids like this so thank you for being an example for being a shiny light for us all to look at this is what we want for all of our kids Becca and team one arts thank you thank you to the mayor um we need a publicly funded child care system with a sustainable stable investment so that every kid can walk through a beautiful mural like this into a wonderful environment with early educators that are respected and compensated for the incredible work that they do thank you so much for inviting me to be a part of the celebration today for everything you all do and we're going to get this done together for the state thank you so much such a special day that we wanted to commemorate it with a an official mayoral proclamation I won't read the whole thing to you but um there's one stat here that I hadn't seen before that I think is a really striking stat you guys probably helped flush this out an estimated 73 percent of Vermont children under the age of six are likely to need some form of non parental care on a weekly basis 73 percent so um you know the huge majority of children need a better system than we have today today's the step in the right direction and we are going to declare I'm going to declare as mayor of Burlington that May 6 2022 is child care provider appreciation day here in the city of Burlington and further resolved that the city celebrates and thanks all child care providers in our community thank you


Welcome to the AI for Good panel at South by Southwest. We're very excited to have everyone here today to talk about the potential for AI to do good in the world. We have three amazing people on stage with me today. We have Don Nafis from Intel Labs. Laila Ibrahim from Coursera. And Pratua Bharti, who's an Intel student ambassador from the University of Florida. And I'm going to let them tell you a little bit about what they are doing and why they're excited about AI. So my name is Don Nafis. I work in the research labs at Intel. And I study how people learn about data, data literacy and that kind of thing. Hi, I'm Laila Ibrahim. I'm the Chief Operations Officer at Coursera. We're an online learning platform. And I actually also spent 18 years at Intel and some time in venture capital. So I'm really excited about AI because I think it has a way to... I believe it has potential to transform the way that we learn. Hi, I'm Pratua Bharti, an Intel ambassador for graduate students and for deep learning and artificial intelligence. And I'm also a PhD student in computer science and engineering for... I'm doing my PhD there and what my study is about... I'm studying more about data learning and modeling the differential system where we can learn more about the health data. So one of my projects was activity recognition using the accelerometer and the gyroscope sensors doing the activity recognition model. And the other work also I'm doing that collecting different kinds of images from mosquitoes to identify that if the mosquito species is harmful or non-harmful, like if that particular mosquito is Gika mosquito or the malaria mosquito or they are the non-harmful mosquitoes. So this is why I... when I see AI or deep learning, so I understand that I can transfer the knowledge from an expert in context and I can bring that knowledge of... I can bring that knowledge to the other people, ordinary people, to just use that model and understand that what's going on where they don't have any other knowledge also. So it's a good segue into... I was thinking when you were talking about potential, but so Don, when you think about AI and what you've done, what excites you about the AI and all of the conversations around how it can be used these days? You know, what I'm most excited about is actually the civic uses and particularly when AI can actually get into the hands of people who see the world a little bit differently. So an example of that is right now I'm working with a group of a citizen group who is concerned about air quality. They have a point source polluter that they're worried about and actually they have very good air quality instrumentation going on and they've literally spent the last year just getting their heads around like what is this data actually telling us, right? How can we represent that data? What can we actually do with it? They also did a pilot where they combined wearables and other kinds of health tracking to figure out, you know, geez, do our blood oxygens or heart rates spike when there's pollution in the air, right? That kind of time series sort of correlation is simple to many of the people in this room, but it's really not simple at all if you're an ordinary person just worried about the air. And so now they're asking questions of, well, wait a second, can we actually, you know, sort of use some sort of technique to say, oh, you know what, this spike when it's these two chemicals and it goes over this threshold, that looks a whole lot like the point source polluter, right? But when it happens a little bit differently, that's actually the guy down the road who's like painting his car or whatever, right? And so they're asking that question of, you know, the data, but, you know, that's a perfect application of AI and then the question then becomes how can we get people like that to actually take advantage of the technology and know what's in it to be able to, you know, really understand what comes out. So Lila, when you're coming at it from a different perspective, you guys are really engaged in online learning and helping people learn. So when you think about AI and the trends you're seeing now, what do you think is really exciting? Where is this going that's an exciting potential? I think it's interesting the past few years, we've been talking a lot about big data, but data is only useful if you can find some way to analyze it and highlight the trends or be able to provide a service on the top of what the data is telling you to do. So from my perspective, what I'm most excited about from AI is the personalization that can happen because of it. So for example, in learning, which I think is a big social and economic issue around the globe, regardless of what zip code you're from, you can now be, you can imagine a time when you could actually use AI to be able to assess where you're at, what skills you will need to move forward, and have basically a specific learning path associated with your online learning. And I think we haven't had that ability to do it before, but I think AI is a tool for us to use in a way that, to advance the way that people are. Pratul, what got you interested in doing this, right? So you're getting your graduate degree, and so what excited you, what made you want to do this? Oh, yes. Actually, when we talk about AI, so AI, we are studying for a long time, right? But AI or deep learning become more productive, I think from the last six, seven years, when the hint and talk more about the back propagation and more deep learning came into the picture. So what I interested me now as a student, because initially when we were doing some traditional machine learning, so we had to put a lot of features, like the context-based features, because if you want to know the, suppose natural language processing, then you have to also include people who know how the pronunciations are there. So more context-based people you need to bring. So basically, suppose when you are trying to figure out some different image-based model, then you have to have some that context-based people. But now once the deep learning is there, you don't, or even if you need, you don't need that much context of the data because now the model itself figures out how the pattern, because you don't need to teach them how to find the feature, not to code them. Eventually, by the different, different layers, automatic now machine learning or the deep learning finds a pattern or finds the beautiful features through the auto-encoder and the different techniques. So that's what incites me a lot. Even I can do those work which I have no idea about, which I have literally no knowledge, but still I can work on those problems and I can build a model where I can, just based on the data, mind the data and automatically figure out what's going on and how to find those patterns again for the unseen data. So that's part of the thing as a student incites me more. So I listened, you know, when we talked, you mentioned the big data and making sense of big data and civic causes and solving problems and helping the data. So if you think ahead in the potential, what industry or social challenges do you think will benefit most from AI? Lila? Well, I hinted at it before, but if we take education, for example, so Coursera has, since it started about five years ago, we have 25 million learners with 75% of our learners outside the United States. What we've seen is that, in general, what's happened is education has always been like, let me go and take a class and then maybe based on what you've taken we can recommend something next for you of something we think you might like, kind of like what Netflix does with movies. Now, imagine if instead we took that a step further. So I could say something like, I want to learn digital marketing and I could take an assessment to know where I'm at and we would be able to map the skills of all of the 1,500 plus courses on our platform and I would be able to know exactly which class to go into, at which point. The quizzes and the assessments in that learning, my learning path would be able to guide me. Like it would be able, like maybe I'm motivated by competition, maybe I'm motivated by rewards, maybe there's this trend of me missing these problems. And my goal at the end of this is to get a job. So how can we help almost this personal coaching through the learning? And something I mentioned earlier, so much of education has been limited by making it affordable and accessible and having it high quality. A lot of times that's based on where you live and instead I think with AI what we can do now is make the world's best content available to everyone in a much more personalized way. I think that's really powerful. It really unleashes the potential of humans. That's a good one. Yeah, that's one of my personal passions. Don't think we could get stuck there. So Don, what would you pick? Well, you know, I've had long-standing interest in health and I think there's some very real promise in health. I work with a group of people called the Quantified Self Community, which are folks who are very interested in the data they collect about themselves and actually get kind of creative and kind of a little hacky about the kinds of data they collect. You'd be surprised when people measure about themselves. And one of the reasons they do it is precisely because for many years, for large part of the modern period, medicine has been based on sort of notions of population-based studies. We do randomized controlled trials often for very good reasons. And I had an MD say to me who participates in this community. He says, you know, a randomized controlled trial is really great for the first 500 people. You sort of learn what the side effects are going to be for a drug, for example. But the problem is when that drug goes to market, you could be number 501. You could have a very different reaction. And so sort of keeping track of those things in a much more ongoing, live way actually has real potential for sort of catching those moments. Now, I also think there's a kind of a balance here because there's a lot of promise, particularly when we're talking about you got AI to do diagnosis, to sort of parse medical images, particularly when, you know, technicians are getting tired. They've looked at the same set of blobs all day long. You know, at the same time, you know, we've got to figure out how to balance their workloads so that they do also, you know, they're able to have some control when they say, oh, wait, my view is actually different from the machine's view. And we need to actually trace back like why there's that discrepancy. And if we can shift, you know, through those work practices are kind of in line and in tune with what the machine does, then I think we can have something really great. Pratul, what about you? Could you repeat the question?  What do you think is the most exciting opportunity out there? What industry or what problem? Okay, so what I think the way AI can put most of it in fact, I think in the medical field and also I think in the business, like the predict the how much sales they are going to do after six months. So yeah, these two things I think already they are going very great. But I think in the medical, as I say, that already a lot of people are putting AI to find their cancer from the image and also the X-ray analysis, they are doing a lot better than the technician. So I think they have a lot of potential but still like the different cancer, all the cancers are not the same. Different cancers have the different things. But not all, and also like, all the expertise, all the doctors are available at every center, but the people need every time anywhere, right? So if we have these kind of model and the cloud and where just we take the image and get all sort of information immediately, then I think we can cure more things very quickly because a lot of time we listen to that because of the doctor couldn't reach at the time that's why we couldn't save the patient. So what I think that with the help of all the big data and the cloud system and the machine learning we can reach to the people more quickly and more easily everywhere compared to the now. So this is the medical side I think we can do a lot about using AI or the machine learning thing. And the second thing I believe in the business as I told you because a lot of times when you have suppose some event is coming a lot of the business is thinking that how much backup we need to have and how much sales we'll be doing so that we are not running out of the thing we can sell or also the prediction so okay so last time we did this much business the how much business. So I think a lot of scope we have in these two things and also I can say that there is no thing left now at least where you can say AI doesn't have an impact. So I would say wherever there is a data there is a pattern, obviously AI can make an impact on that. But as of now I think these two things where a lot of scope are there in the very recent future. Having been in the tech industry now for 16, 17 years every few years there's this panic about talent like we don't have enough software and recently it's been AI right so everywhere I go it's oh we don't have enough AI people to keep this moving forward so I'm curious Lila do you see more people interested in taking it on of course Sarah and I want everyone's opinion do we have enough people in AI and if not what skills are it how would we encourage more people and how do we really get a diverse population because if we're honest in technology often times we say we want diversity but as we build the skills they have always been in a diverse population so I'm I'd really like your thoughts on do we have enough and if not how do we get there and make it diverse. Big question it is I think there are two parts to this the first one is just how do we get more people familiar with AI right now on course Sarah one out of every six learners comes to our platform and is taking a data science class that's to me that's like incredible like that there's that much interest in data science the second number that I find interesting is we've over 2.5 million learners have taken machine learning classes and that's a little bit more advanced so we're definitely seeing the interest but this is still like in raw numbers it seems like a big number but it's really not that large I think part of what we need to do is how do we demystify artificial intelligence machine learning and all the aspects of it and this starts with building a strong foundation of skills which the university have been providing and now with we've been bringing on more intermediate content now with companies like Intel and Google will be bringing more advanced courses online and I think one of the so part of it is like just getting the word out there and making it more practical and on the diversity inclusion aspect of it it's really interesting so I'm an electrical engineer by training that was like 25 years ago and so engineering has changed a lot since I graduated and there's always this how do you kind of reinvent yourself and so I think that there are a lot of people out there with poor skills already that just have an opportunity to up skill we did you know when I went through engineering and as I've talked to women engineers just as one slice of the inclusion pie there's always this we have this hypothesis that if someone can look and see someone like them who has built a career or had success then they think oh well maybe I can do that too but we decided to test this at Coursera so we actually had a machine learning class from University of Washington and we marketed it and we in one message we highlighted that professor we talked about professor Fox and professor Fox's accomplishments and in the other one we talked about professor Emily Fox and her accomplishments and what we found in our testing was that there was a 26% increase in women enrollments in the machine learning course just with the way that we marketed that course and there was no change for men we're doing a lot of experiments and that's one of the things I'm actually really excited about with Coursera is now that we have this platform with 25 million learners we can tell you when people fall off in a course we can see trends that we couldn't see before like in a classroom of 30 people if 10% misses a question you're like they just weren't paying attention but now we can be like okay there's 100,000 people taking this and 10,000 people missed it so professor your question's not right the material leaning into it isn't right and putting some of these triggers in place we think can really change it so I think part of this is just making the content more available and doing it in a way that provides a safe environment where people of many different backgrounds can learn the same information can I add to that? yeah I'd just like to add to that one of the things that we know from a research point of view historically as new technologies come along is that the way that particularly we get more women involved is when you know there's a particular problem that's actually worth solving and there's a problem that somebody cares about already and then if you can start to solve those with math or data or new technologies or coding that's a different path into STEM education and a really important one for lots of us myself included actually I'm an anthropologist I've been trained to and I've come full round once I've seen what they can do both for health and for the environment right so finding those areas where it's the emphasis is not and now you start to learn to code but actually here's what you need to know in this domain right now for this purpose and designing curriculum accordingly I think is going to be really promising the other thing I kind of wanted to add here was that particularly when we're talking about AI you know the early critique has been that a lot of these systems inadvertently most of the time end up embedding some bias in them right and one really good way to fix that is to make sure that women people of color people who are affected by these systems are in the room when they're getting developed so I'd actually say that there's a particular urgency in this technology to sort of solve that diversity problem I think that's a really interesting point because I think it's our responsibility of all of us just to be able to say how can we highlight applied examples of AI for good regardless of like where they came from and who's behind them and like really but also try to find special cases and shine a spotlight on them so that we can I think that's all of our responsibilities so that's a call to action for everyone out here and if you know of any really good examples too we'd love to hear about them because I think that's having looked at this and I agree with you on women it tends to be more problem solving so it's interesting as I talked to people about AI they're both the people that we need deep expertise who can build the algorithms but then you were hitting on it too you need a number of people who know how to use this or know how to interface with the data differently and so I think you can get a whole range of people my hypothesis is people who are deep building the algorithms and people who are more used to using them do you see students excited about it Pertual are you the exception or are you the rule these days in students you can speak for all students there's one of you up here it'll be fine yeah so what you're asking is that AI help me or something when you're on a university do students understand the power of AI are they excited about it do they want to go into it is it confusing what would help okay so when I took a decision to study about AI and the machine learning so what was my thinking is first of all like there's huge scope in AI so it's good to study that field so that obviously you'll have not very difficult time to find a job so that was one of the reason and the second thing was that it involves a lot of mathematics where you can do a lot of that kind of field if you are an expert or if you are good enough in mathematics and the probability and finding a graphical model so that you have an edge to study these fields and interestingly I have that kind of edge so that kind of helped me to decide this thing and the third thing which I decided why because AI it's very intuitive and you can see the result very quickly because some of the study you do there's a lot of theoretical things you know it will when you do this happen like this but not always you can build a demo kind of where you can easily see the result so that's why the most exciting part of machine learning you just train the model and once you feed the data you can see the output immediately so that's also the one of the thing students are very excited about so what I'm doing people can see and appreciate the thing so that's why you use a lot of credit about it right okay so I can show the people this is what I am studying so they can understand that they can appreciate about because even when I go to my place and I saw my mother so they don't understand about when I saw them so even when you really watch and walk so my computer can understand that you are walking so then see I said oh how you can do that without having a camera so then I said okay so there is a sensor in this watch so it can detect you without seeing you so then see I appreciate oh even with that can be done so these kind of like different different things excite a lot I think me and other students where you can really see the results because a lot of people are passionate about the results so can I see the output of this okay everything is good but what about the output so that's why like it excited me a lot and these are the things I think I decided to pursue my career in this I haven't thought about that but you're right you get some immediate turn on the data right once you you can see how how it changes and you can see how you can retrain the algorithms fairly quickly too so so before we open it up to questions what do you think is going to be one really exciting thing that's happened in AI what's something that you really think in the next five years and that's a long time in technology I mean that's that's eons right but what's what do you think we can sit here and say this is going to be fundamentally different because of AI Don you're nodding gosh I'm nodding and nodding actually so I think I think the honest answer is I can't I just can't say at this moment but we have ways of thinking about it right so if we think about where we were in the early days of the internet right so we had all this technical research that sort of showed yes you could do connectivity between computers right and so and when it just started becoming a consumer thing you know where we in a position to even say you know five years ago probably not but actually I think the experience of people learning how to use the internet and finding really creative things to do with it than we never thought before I think that was kind of a 20 year project in a lot of ways and so we might I think the major changes are actually going to be sort of a lot further down the line potentially it's I think the but as I listen to all of you and I want to I'll do you guys a chance too but there's this piece of personalization and making sense of big data that I think will go faster my hypothesis is that we think it will because once people can make sense of the data they'll think about their data in a different way and what data they can use to solve the problems and right now you know I remember the first time I used the internet that dates to but I was like this will go nowhere because you can't find what you want right I remember this thought it was like this is useless right and it wasn't until you got the search engines that made it easier and I think AI has the potential to do the same thing with data that you hit on instead of it just being amazing amounts of data it can help you make sense of it so couldn't agree more so you're right I probably can't envision it but all of the data that's out there but I think it might be the small problems right instead of thinking about the big problems to me the power would be that a lot of people are solving the little things that they care about and it will see more of that nascent and native growth in problem solving and people feeling more empowered to solve their own problems and if I could just add to that a little bit I mean I the area where I expect a lot of innovation actually is in sort of as designers are designing their systems and AI is a component right it is actually not a solved problem how you communicate right what the thing is doing right and how you give people like some sense of what it is and maybe some other people like fuller a fuller understanding a deeply technical way right how to do that in these really really complicated systems like we're I think we are actually just at the beginning of that why what do you think any predictions no one's listening two things two things parallels come to mind the first is you dated yourself so all day mine myself as well 20 years ago I went to Japan to work on DVD standards and everyone thought I was crazy because they're like who's going to want to watch movies on a computer like people could not even imagine it and DVDs are like gone now right so and then so part of me is like I you can't even it's so hard to predict the future like so I think what's exciting is what we can't even imagine one of the my big lessons out of spending four years in venture capital was when you can democratize technology as a tool and you can make it widely available to everyone right and unleash the power and the potential of entrepreneurs to ask questions to come up with creative solutions problems you didn't even know existed and so I think that's to me it's almost like an open like I I just want to remain open and see what can really come out of making AI more available to the world for tool any ideas yeah five years is a long time actually so I really don't know five years but I can tell you like maybe two three years what it's going to be so three years back I was in China and obviously I had a lot of trouble understanding their thing so what I was doing like I was trying to locate the English word in their conversation and I was trying to make sense what they are trying to say so what was happening there so I thought that why not we have some automatic translator and nowadays we have that so you speak and they translate you in whatever language you want but still you think because many people use two three different language right mix English mix other language so that's where you find the machine different part because they expect always the English or same language input and then they translate the same output so what I'm thinking that that should be a global model you feed any kind of language and that will be output of whatever language you want in whatever comfortable thing it would be a huge coming removing the communication barrier the whatever part of world you go and you just keep on and put your headphone and you getting the things in whatever language you want so that would be a huge thing like whatever part of world you go and you don't need to worry about whether I will understand the things or not so I think that would be the I think it's already there it will be maybe two three years down the line we can find that but if you say so what's problem I'm facing right now if just for a student perspective because we are starting to collect the data and we are not from industry and the deep model requires lots of lots of data to train even a shallow model so why can't we find a technique which requires very less data but still build that strong powerful model which works as good as any like the Google net or the Alex net we have the popular deep learning model so I think in the three four five years down the line somehow we can find the method so even you have the very sparse data you have very limited data but still you can build a powerful model which can help the people and the society so I think that would be a breakthrough in deep learning I guess I want to I could go on but I want to see if there are any questions or ideas or thoughts from the audience about potential what's getting at what we need to do yes thank you by the way that's from there ok so one I'm just really glad that you guys are here and I'm glad that I'm here because I feel like this is what South by is supposed to be about I was lucky enough to get sneak in here and get a pass at everything and I'm actually one of your learners I'm on for Sarah and I'm actually really interested in fact that you said help because I'm actually thinking about going back to school and one of the things I was thinking about was data science and also kind of coupled in with public health so it's funny that you said help and I was wondering if you've seen anything or know anything as far as like how to how AI has been integrated as far as like how maybe public health or anything like broader maybe in that same you know topic basically because I'd love to know that I don't have a math right and I don't know what to say I'm not sure about that now but if I could figure out maybe kind of do that and go back to all that so anyway well if I could make a shameless plug for my book I totally will I just put out a book with Gina Neff at Oxford called self tracking and it doesn't talk about AI specifically but it does talk about what happens at that interface between sort of consumer health clinical health right how data kind of moves around with some of the sort of the institutional social questions that kind of come up which might it's certainly not going to ground you in data science anytime soon but at least give you a flavor of the landscape for how that stuff works right now it's interesting I actually think that like my generation when we went to college we had to we were force fit into like a specific way of learning like I had to do electrical engineering I couldn't go do health too again just it didn't mix together and nowadays I went as I go and speak at universities I see how all of these different fields are coming together and it's going to continue evolving and actually part of what we're trying to do at Coursera it's not disrupt the higher education it's just disrupt the labor market if you think about it healthcare like AI and healthcare this is going to look so different in five years ten years so you can go and be working in the field and how do you stay up to speed and change things that's why we're really excited like partnering with both the universities and leading companies how can we stay abreast of what's changing because I think your challenge now as wanting to go into that field is it's going to continue evolving so developing that your own self in terms of a lifelong learner is a really critical and I thank you it's an interesting work you'll be doing and I know we talk about the deep algorithm you know needing a math brain I don't think that's entirely true I've watched a lot of people who don't think they have a math brain but when they want to solve a problem they learn to do that and so it really is if you're interested in healthcare and with all of the resources online you can try a lot of things I agree universities I'm watching people get certificates they learn differently they apply them industries starting to hire differently so if that's what you're passionate about you can narrow in on that and probably get some experience and start to do it and make sure you like it before you get a full new degree so people are doing less of that but so I think it's an exciting one and there's a lot out there other questions okay there's someone over there hi so let me ask you all when I hear about AI it's typically in the hard sciences and I'm wondering what your thoughts are about AI and the soft sciences my specific field is filmmaking I'm a filmmaker in the arts and I'm wondering about thoughts about how AI you know I'm passionate about the arts and also education I want my students to get jobs you know have careers and I'm wondering if you have experience or thoughts about what role AI can play in arts filmmaking and the others in general so I'm actually going to use two examples and they're both real-time and I'm going to ask my husband's forgiveness he's not an artist but he's an archaeologist and people don't think about data and he's actually a computational archaeologist so they've just finished a project where they didn't actually dig in the ground which takes all the fun away for kids by the way, right, no one but they did use GIS and then they do a lot of data manipulation but they had to teach the data how to learn from itself because there were so many tiny little fish bones and so even in something where people don't think about it you can start to see the data and how you can get deep learning and machine learning anytime there's massive data and it started to tell them more about where they could dig so they didn't disrupt the ground and specifically to arts we just did a project from Intel using the algorithms one of our deep technologists partnered with a ballet company in Portland and they put wristbands on the dancers and they programmed the algorithms so that they would generate their own music as they danced and so we now have I think it's U.T. Austin actually I'm pretty sure we just donated about 10 wristbands so they could start to use it in their music classes and they also gave it to musicians and it was for kids to get them interested and so they put the wristbands on four musicians and it amplified their music as they played so with a violin player picked up their actual playing it made it sound like they had an entire orchestra behind them and so then they got to have a sort of playoff with the full orchestra because a lot of kids got interested so even there you're starting to see multimedia and musicians figure out how you can use that data behind the scene to make their realities come true in a faster way and so that's why I do think you're starting to see more people think of themselves as a technologist than we have before because it allows them to get their dreams they've envisioned just the way they want it to look or sound technology starts to do it and when you get that much data you need something that helps you do it you can't be analyzing it if you want it real time so you wouldn't be able to do this real time without the algorithms because it would just take you too much human so there is actually a lot out there and I think you'll see more and more of it so if you want to talk more I'm happy to show those examples they are cool so this is my passion I think you will see people who can use the technology as opposed to seeing technology as something separate this will become more and more a part of how people are thinking about healthcare or music and that will lead us into places I don't think we do know what it would be like in five years because it's moving so fast and so that would be my short answer other questions other hi oh okay hi I'm in the healthcare industry I'm a little bit skeptic I guess I've been in it for a really long time I've been in it for a really long time and you talk about demystifying it and applications to patients and their healthcare but really when you think about it the people who hold the keys to the industry are the FDA and big pharma and you know a bunch of healthcare systems and hospital systems and how do you start to demystify it for them and make it applicable in a way that makes them a little adopted don't you oh dear oh can I plead the fifth I don't know I do know that it is you're identifying the exact same challenge that we saw in the research that you know new data types do not interoperate well with systems that are built on old data types where people know how to read those and they travel very quickly and they're already embedded in the system and that's kind of that clearly where there's efficiencies to be gained no doubt folks in those institutions can start to take a broader look but where those actually come from is frankly a good question it's interesting with my VC hat on there are a lot of startups right now that are trying to figure out how can they disrupt the system and really I think that's it's going to be interesting over the next few years but you see a couple of folks kind of popping up you know even you can take something even more established like Chan Zuckerberg initiative and the work that they're trying to do around health care that Cory Bargman is leading of having both the technology and the life sciences or Google doing some interesting work with Calico which is one of Coursera's founders who is an AI expert so I think we're kind of early in the stage but there's enough happening that I think we're going to make there's some things going to happen if I could just maybe I mean the thing is health is not always the thing that happens in a medical center right and so if we think about what's happening on the consumer side there is so much that we can learn about sort of how the real world happens on a daily basis outside of the lab outside of clinical settings so if you think about that as a matter for public health research that might affect health care delivery in an indirect way but it's not necessarily about delivering that health care there actually might be some promise on that side other questions thoughts good and I'm so sorry what was the name of the book you said she's very happy I'm so happy that's like the best question ever thank you she'll send you a book I will send you a self tracking by MIT Press mm-hmm just out right dog just out so I want to thank everyone today for your time here listening and asking good questions I would encourage all of you to find out more about AI deep learning, data science what you can do with it talk to people about it, it isn't scary but it is confusing at times but you can get a lot of information for Sarah shameless plug for for Sarah there's an amazing amount of online learning that you can do to explore without even paying any money so you don't have to get invested you can start to talk to younger people about it as well you know I have a fourth grader now wow she's past second grade and you know she has the same I don't like math but when she started to figure out what you could do with the data in math she liked it so talk to people, learn about it start thinking about how you can use it and encourage the system to start to solve problems and put pressure into it if you want to hear more about it from an intel perspective shameless plug Diane Bryant who is our senior VP in the data center has a keynote tomorrow at 9.30 in the morning she's a brilliant speaker I don't think there are many people here on stage who sound as amazing as Diane so please come and if you'd like to know more about any talk to any of us let us know how we can help


And I'm Scotty T. And you might remember us from good old Jordy Shaw. But now I'm joining Charlotte as a presenter on Just Out Of Us. So we are about to show you exactly what we have in store. So what's new for series three? Well first things first, I'm on it. We have got Scott as a new presenter so that is probably the newest thing that has happened since the beginning. I'm the best. We've also got a new studio and two new artists. So this series we've got two brand new telly artists coming into the mix. Hugh and Jason. Talfit is Jason. He is a good looking lad. The last one that we had given one like. Yeah, yeah.  That's what I do with Hugh to be fair. Hugh is good looking.  Me and Scott had the best time with Jordy Shaw, didn't we? We were, I think we were the fun ones. We always had a laugh. So the fact that we're now working together again just on a new show, it's just carnage. It's going to be so crazy. Bringing a life back in television. Yeah, we are. We're just injecting it with a bit of Sky TV and Charlotte. So my first season on Just An Overs, how can I describe it? It was bonkers. Literally, I thought it was not going to be that bad watching people get tan. I bet you thought as well that we're going to be as big as what they are. No, I thought, I thought it's hard people are just going to get like little trumps. Don't hurt anyone. But like you're talking like back pieces, leg pieces. Genital pieces. Tanning pieces. Everything, man. It's nuts, man. Hugh and Ryan come back for part two of Revenge and it was so crazy. It's like two seagulls in the bin trying to get a chip. Like, Scott was having to literally drag them apart from each other. But there was that other time we had to get security down. Remember that big security, man? My favourite one was, so these two girls come on. One of them has a funny story from a night out. So I'm here to get her a tattoo. Oh yeah, it's the funniest thing ever. It's f***ing funny. And I was just like, that's hilarious, you know what I mean? Big back piece, you know what I mean? But like, you can sort of... Oh god, it's so funny, it's so funny. That's probably one of the funniest ones though. So if I were to describe this series in three words, Charlotte, what would yours be? Mine would be new, crazy bombshell. She has been.


Hi everyone, Joe for Jaspy's casebreaks.com with a random team randomizer for pick your team number one. So basically we took out the six teams that were remaining in pick your team number one and just turn it into a random team break. So it's only six spots. We took all the teams, added the prices together, divided it by six. There's the average price right there, big thanks to this group here. Now the only thing slightly different from this in our regular random team break is that we're only randomizing your names, not the teams. So the name on top will get the buck, second name will get the chiefs, so on and so forth. But everyone's still guaranteed a team. So again, big thanks to Brian, Chad, Robert and Andrea for getting into this one. Let's roll it, let's randomize it. Three and a two, five times. One, two, three, four, and fifth and final time. And fifth and final time. After five, Brian's name on top, Brian, Chad, Robert, Andrea, Andrea, Robert. So we'll line you up with these teams right here. And we'll put a little rooftop next to your name so you know that you won this in a filler. So Brian, congrats. You got the Tampa Bay Bucks, Chad with the Kansas City Chiefs, Robert with the Miami Dolphins, Andrea with the Detroit Lions, and the Los Angeles Rams, Robert with the Carolina Panthers. Coming up in a separate video, the next video will be the break itself, Jasper'scasebreaks.com.


I have a question about different bills signed between so-called developed nations and Bharat. What I came to know recently was that by 2030, Bharat is supposed not to produce a certain number of CO2 or carbon print. It's supposed to be replaced with renewable energy like solar or windmills and things like that. I've seen that like windmills, whichever area they are being put, it's just a disaster for the environment around it, for all the beings who are living in that area. So the question is why these nations are forcing developing nations to reduce their carbon print, whereas they have done that all these years and suddenly they realise that, okay, the others shouldn't be doing it. Well, there are many geopolitical reasons for this. They're not very rational. That whole climate change movement is just simply not based on science. That whole fear of carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide is not an enemy. The whole plant world depends on carbon dioxide to be alive. It can't possibly be the enemy it's made out to be. The whole wind energy lobby is producing electricity at a price which is far greater than the so-called fossil fuels, which are not always fossil fuels. And that wind energy lobby is causing a lot of damage to the world, one on a political level but also simply as you put it through the installation of all these wind turbines, environmental damage, they don't want to look at the science and the United Nations, all those various commissions will always bring science that suits an agenda which is to prevent developing nations like Bharat, India, from working with fossil fuels and the non-fossil, so-called fossil fuels and also growing through that. In fact, there's more deaths and damage caused by that lobby against fossil fuels than by the fossil fuels themselves. Way more. The science says it all. I mean, these papers are available to read everywhere. So anyone in their right senses, if they actually study the science, will clearly say there is something afoot which is strange. There are lobbies behind all of this which are trying to do something which has no basis in science. It just does not, but the price you pay for these experiments is very, very high. And I don't think these countries, these poor countries can even afford to sign those agreements because they won't be able to live up to them unless wind turbine companies are ready to put turbines everywhere in every village in India. At 664,000 villages in this country, are they ready to put a turbine in each village? I don't think so. And to demonize carbon dioxide, I don't understand that because there is no basis in science. Actually, what is happening is it's the movements in the sun that cause the climate change far more than all of the rest of it. And that's what the science says. All the independent scientific papers that are not supported by foundations and NGOs that want to push a certain agenda will say that it is clearly the movements in the sun that are causing the climate change. And what do they mean by they want a certain temperature? What temperature are they going to measure as being the right temperature so everyone is satisfied? These are all, there is a political machination behind it and there are lobbies and there are groups that want to push these new energy forms. They are actually amazing. I mean, wind energy has it's a fascinating way to produce energy, no question about it. But it is not economical, it is not environmental friendly. That's the fact. I know personally a few sites on the Mumbai-Banglore Highway. I have seen those places where they have this wind turbine. What I gathered is that the area where they are installed, the land is not anymore fertile. There are no birds, the trees are not growing in that area anymore. It's not an economical form of energy creation. The cost of setting them up, I mean look at those turbines. They are not a little donkey, they are windmill. I mean, they are like these huge constructions. And this demonizing of carbon dioxide, in fact there are many scientists who speak about it and you can read their papers. And these are real scientists they are not bought and paid for by the lobbyists. They are real scientists. And they unanimously say this. The climate change has an enormous amount to do with the sun itself and its movements and its behavior. Over centuries you can measure this. You can read historians and what they wrote about temperatures and there were very, very, very cold temperatures which suddenly over a period of 50 years or more rose. So I don't know why India has signed something like this because it's not going to be able to live up to it. It's going to mean that everyone who cooks in those huts all over the country in all those 164,000 villages are going to have to stop using coal for example. It's not feasible. It's going to result in more deaths than the climate change. It already has resulted in far, far more lives lost. This whole policy pushed through by all these people there's something transformative happening in the world today. One cannot look at all this from a logical rational point of view and start measuring the carbon dioxide. The things to measure are not the carbon dioxide. There are other parameters to measure, not the carbon dioxide. It's not as harmful as it is posited to be. And the fact that human beings limited by their logical rational approach are pushing through an agenda which is more dangerous for other human beings than if they would try to move in the direction of the expansion of consciousness because the more the consciousness expands the less a person destroys the environment. Period. That's a law of nature. It's a law of physics. And that has to be taken into account too. Tomorrow the more transformative a population is the more they can do things with energy which people can't even imagine today. And while I'm not against the development and the further experimentation with wind energy, with all of that we should continue those experiments but to impose that kind of quasi-knowledge and semi-scientific information on a large public, a large population. It's a very small minority that has these ideas and it has suddenly been absorbed as being something that everyone has to swallow. I don't think these countries who have signed such things are going to be able to live up to it anyway. I hope that they don't make their populations lose their lives because of having signed these accords. And it's interesting you bring this up today because there was this electricity failure and we are living with electricity. I mean there are those who don't want to live with electricity but it is a romantic idea not to want to live with electricity. I'll light my little candle and be happy, you know. We need energy and for India to agree to something like this I hope is a political strategy that they can revoke at some point. I mean I trust the Indian government to have a plan which is not harmful to the people. Not just of India, it's not about a political entity. It's about the poor people of the world.  They'll die of hunger. Then my point is, so what if everything is full of carbon dioxide in 100 years or that everything is cold? We have to think about now, we cannot make people starve because of an agenda of an elite few which has no scientific basis. It doesn't have science backing it. It just simply doesn't. There's a time to read even one of those papers by professors from universities like Harvard, like Stanford some of whom have actually left those institutions because of the corruption and have then pursued their own investigations to reach findings that are based in much more truth than the other ones who are bought and paid for. So it's a tough time actually in this whole climate policy. The world is okay, plants need carbon dioxide. Nobody is going to die because of the oceans rising a little bit. All those wealthy people with their homes at the beach can learn swimming and the poor of the world cannot be sacrificed on this climate policy, this climate madness, this climate religion.