Ecclesiastes chapter five. Let's begin reading together at verse one. We'll read verses one through four. We'll get into our study. Solomon writes, walk prudently when you go to the house of God and draw near to hear rather than to give the sacrifice of fools for they do not know that they are that they do evil. Do not be rash with your mouth and let not your heart utter anything hastily before God for God is in heaven and you on earth therefore let your words be few for a dream comes through much activity and a fool's voice is known by his many words when you make a vow to God do not delay to pay it for he has no pleasure in fools pay what you have vowed I'll read verse five better not to vow than to vow and not pay you know I was a new Christian I was 20 years old I had come to faith in Christ I began going to a church called Calvary Chapel there in Costa Mesa there was only one it was Calvary Chapel of Costa Mesa and it was well known at that time as the kind of like a hippie haven Pastor Chuck Smith had become famous for opening his doors to those that other doors were close to which were the hippie kids because hippie kids were the kinds of people at that time we had the reputation of being lazy and and simply wanting to party smoke drug you know smoke dope is what we used to call it and it just drank that's basically what we were known for we're lazy good for nothing's in the site of whom we used to refer to as the establishment those who were older than us we were taught you know amongst ourselves never to trust anyone over 30 and things like that and so we were known for being rebels and all and Pastor Chuck Smith had actually opened the doors to to hippies to young people like me and and as I've mentioned so many times and even recently you know the first time I went in to a Calvary Chapel I had been drinking I'd been smoking marijuana you know and that and I expected to be kicked out and instead I was actually welcomed in in a spirit not ever accepting my sin but in a spirit of accepting me as a person and for me that was amazing and also when I went to Calvary Chapel I found a home and it was very relaxed the atmosphere was very relaxed if you ever read the distinctives of Calvary Chapel one of those that are referred to as a distinctive is a casual way that we do service you what you are used to now did not exist back in 1970 I as a minister would be wearing a suit normally I would you know it was just that way that's the way everything was and it's not so much that it was bad it just was not appealing to people like me who didn't even wear shoes let alone slacks and even when I did wear slacks I went barefoot so that was just me and and but there were quite a number of young people like me and so when I went to Calvary I discovered that it had an atmosphere that was very welcoming and even festive in many ways and so on one occasion when I first began to go to this this this church somebody had brought a beach ball into the sanctuary now the sanctuary only sat a couple hundred people were talking about the very early days and it was a small chapel at that time long before they had the tent and before they had built their main sanctuary that they now occupy it was really a small place it only sat a couple hundred people and they had actually taken the walls and had broken walls down and put glass there because there were so many kids and people showing up for church that they began to put the loudspeakers and speakers outside and people would sit outside looking towards the interior at the platform area because they couldn't get in people would be sitting all over the floors it was totally illegal and they were trying to reduce the stress and so when I was going there that's how it was and so there were just nothing but a lot of young people and a few of those would have been older parents and all and here's somebody with a beach ball and so they're bouncing it in the sanctuary worship is already ended and they're waiting for the teacher to come up and there's and the ball comes in our direction and you know you hit it like you're at a Dodger game never an angel game a Dodger game and and as that was happening the guys up in the front the elders who are all of 19 or 20 years old they were kids I still remember the first real rebuke I ever got in church when one of them said this is not a playground this is a sanctuary would you please put that beach ball away now you didn't get anybody standing up screaming saying legalist was your grace you know and crying weep out the door we were convicted we're convicted because he was right this is a place where you enter in to be taught about God himself what is it Solomon is saying in verse 1 walk prudently when you go to the house of God what that guy did was simply applied scripture to that situation now as we look at this we need to begin by remembering that Solomon has been commenting up to this point on the things that he has seen and he's mentioned it as we've gone through the first four chapters he mentions this he's seen injustice he has seen envy he has seen loneliness he's seen the transience of power and popularity and as he's been going through the first few chapters he concluded that life under the sun is filled with vanity it's a grasping he says for the wind and so as he's been speaking about what he's seen he now has paid a visit to the temple and as he went to the temple he observed the worshipers and as he was observing them he could not help but notice that many who were there were not sincere believers he noticed that they would offer sacrifices but they didn't keep their vows to God and he saw through their hypocrisy he saw their hypocrisy and he's pointing it out but they did not seem to see it themselves and they seem to be oblivious to the fact that they were offending God that's what he says in verse one him and he says at the end of that verse they do not know that they do evil they were oblivious to it they weren't aware of it and so he's he's observing this and as he observes this he's moved to issue a warning notice what he says again verse one walk prudently when you go to the house of God walk prudently is another way of saying watch your step prudence simply speaks of walking with wisdom it speaks about being careful watch your step when you go to the house of God in other words we should never approach the worship of God in a careless fashion be cautious in your behavior as you approach God in worship now obviously we don't worship God at the temple in Jerusalem anymore we never did unless you're Jewish and all your ancestors did but we don't worship God in the temple in Jerusalem but we know that God is worshiped wherever we desire to worship him because worship of God isn't restricted to one geographical place or or one building there's an interest interesting a statement found in Acts 7 48 through 50 where it says the most high does not dwell in temples made with hands as the prophet says heaven is my throne earth is my footstool what house will you build for me says the Lord or what is the place of my rest has my hand not made all these things and so we know that the worship of God isn't restricted to one geographical place or building we know that we assemble for worship with others but the fact is worship in and of itself is also simply a way of life we the Bible says are the temple of the Holy Spirit we worship God wherever we are but when he says walk prudently that's a way of saying prepare your heart prepare your heart especially as we gather together to worship the Lord we are to approach the worship of God carefully and not in a flippant manner that's the right relationship between creature and creator one of humility from the creature to the one who created him like it says in Psalm 144 verse 3 oh Lord what is man that you care for him the son of man that you think of him I mean we are insignificant we are less than less and yet you have considered us and so he's saying be careful when you go to worship the Lord how does that apply to us well let's say it's a let's say it's a Saturday night you know or maybe even a Sunday morning let's start with Sunday morning it's Sunday morning and and a lot of homes there's a lot of activity getting if you're married and if you have children there's a lot of activity you can get your kids ready to go and they're all combed up and dressed up and you're getting yourself finalized and you expect to be at the first service and and then you hear somebody say oh no ah you go in and somebody got some grape juice and they spilled it all over themselves and they're all messy and they can't go to church that way so you say to your husband honey you shouldn't have spilled that grape juice on yourself going to take a shower no you look at the kids and you get up tight and or somebody you have kids the little girls and you put little pig tails on them but they don't want them and they pull them off and you're trying to redo there I mean we've had four kids we know what it's like you want to get to church one thing after another or you're ironing at the last minute and now you've got nothing but stress and then you finally get into the car and when you expect it to be their first service you're now late for a second because one thing after another so what do you do well I think that we can do things that might loosen some of that it helps if we do practical things and if we can get them out of the way early that's always a wise thing to do so if you're gonna go to church for Sunday morning it's always good to prepare Saturday night it's always a good thing to do that you get the clothes ready ahead of time you put the kids to bed on time you organize the time that it takes to get ready for church you know how long it takes normally you give yourself enough driving time to get there you prepare your heart to worship and song you come ready to hear and and somebody says oh man how would you know you don't understand my situation and I say yes thank you Jesus I don't but I did at one time and it was hard and it could be hard because you've got all this activity and you can lose your joy and as you're rolling up the driveway coming on in you can even be angry there you know there's more than one parent who's dropped the kids off at Children's Ministry with the idea that they're not gonna take them home it can be hard and so it really is important even on a Wednesday night and working and driving from wherever it is that you drive from work if you have if you're working then you get home and you get ready you eat your food quickly if you eat at all you're rushed to get to church you're already feeling a little stressed because you know it starts at 7 it's a little late and and and you come in and you're just tense and and we know that from the worship worship team knows it takes you two or three songs to finally relax and say okay now I can worship because it's stressful and we get it I get it so what do I do you know what have I done and what do I do when I'm not teaching but I'm going somewhere I prepare my heart as I'm driving I prepare my heart I don't want to listen to anything I just it's just me and the Lord and I think and I and I talk and I talk to the Lord and I pray and I prepare my heart because in a moment I'm gonna walk you and someone's gonna divide the word and I want to receive what God has for me but but I can carry so many things in my mind I've got a thousand I got a thousand emails on my on my mail right now a thousand and people say I wrote you I'll come you didn't write back well you're probably amongst that thousand that I have sitting there and that's not including messenger and the other sources of things and phone calls so I got an idea of what it means to get cluttered because I get cluttered too because I have so many demands so many conversations as a pastor of this church if I'm walking from point A to point B there's very many conversations that can happen in between a 50 yard walk one thing after another I understand clutter and I understand how I have to handle it and what I do is I take these things to the Lord especially when I'm coming to receive from him and that's basically what Solomon is saying he's saying walk prudently when you go to the house of God make sure that you're walking carefully and not carelessly make sure that when you're going you're going prepared to receive from God because that's the second thing he says draw near to hear when he says draw near to hear that speaks of preparing your heart as you approach God God in order to hear his word to hear him speak to us prepare your heart as you approach God's word to hear him speak the word here is a word that can be translated understand it also can be spoken of as as referring to that which is or the one who is obedient it speaks of discernment or perceiving something to hear is to understand and obey so when God's word is properly taught it is God speaking through his word to his people and by the way that is something many people fail to understand they very often will think well that person speaking there is simply his opinions that he's given to us well the bottom line is if the word of God is rightly divided and being correctly presented that's the word of the Lord and that word that you're reading when it says walk prudently when you go to the house of God draw near to hear rather than to give the sacrifices of fools is God's word that is God speaking to you a lot of people don't understand that so they say well Bible studies they're just that guy talking no if he's rightly dividing and applying the word is God's word and God therefore by his spirit is speaking to our hearts that's why Paul when he was writing to the Thessalonians in 1st Thessalonians chapter 2 verse 13 that's why Paul said for this reason we also thank God without ceasing because when you receive the word of God which you heard from us you welcomed it not as the word of men but as it is in truth the word of God which also effectively works in you who believe so Paul was saying our preaching to you was not organized thoughts by some philosopher what you heard and understood and received was God God's word speaking to you so believers are to carefully approach the Lord as we come to receive from him and we need to remember we're not meeting with just anybody we are meeting with the Lord of the universe remember when when Moses encounters the Lord it's found in Exodus in chapter 3 and as he's traveling he sees a he sees a shrub that's burning but not consumed and being the intellectual and curious man that he is he's drawn aside by such a sight I mean one of you ever seen you know a shrub a dry with a shrub on fire but not being consumed and so this man's genius is actually being demonstrated as well as its curiosity to go and see what this thing is and as he draws near remember what happens the Lord God speaks to him and God says to him do not draw near this place take your sandals off your feet for the place where you stand is holy ground if we had that understanding if we brought that understanding into every Bible study we have our lives will change because God speaking to you God is speaking to you through his word not just the words that I'm speaking but even as I'm reading and it's Holy Spirit is speaking to you and he does you've noticed that haven't you you'll read a scripture and it's already speaking to you you're already saying I need to do that you're always saying I haven't done that or God help me to understand this that's how I read the Bible help me understand and help me do help me understand rightly divided but help me do help me practice my faith and so that's what you do when you go to the house of God you draw near to hear you don't go there to supply your own opinions you go there so God can give you his pronouncements and that's how it works if you're going to grow in your faith he speaks of the sacrifice of fools he says draw near to hear rather than to give the sacrifice of fools the sacrifice of fools is speaking of a sacrifice or an offering that has been made without obedient faith you see only a fool can think that he can deceive God so that's why it's called the sacrifice of fools they think well if I give this he won't notice what and I do that he says no you go with a with a reverent heart an expectant heart to hear his word to put it into practice but don't think that just because you go to the temple that God's gonna smile on you because you showed up you're offering a sacrifice of fools because you think that you're fooling God and a fool is a person who doesn't know God so you think that by giving God something he's going to be okay with that all he really wanted was that when in fact he wants you in osseus 6 verse 6 God said I desire mercy not sacrifice the knowledge of God more than burnt offerings in Matthew 15 verse 8 and Jesus spoke and said these people drawn near to me with their mouth honor me with their lips but their heart it's far from me and so that goes along with what Solomon is saying here don't offer the sacrifice of fools don't think you're fooling God don't offer him something that doesn't have it salted with faith because he has no pleasure in that he goes on in verse 2 do not be rash with your mouth and let not your heart utter anything hastily before God caught us in heaven you on earth therefore let your words be few do not be rash with your mouth while this actually can be looked at in two basic ways one when he says do not be rash with your mouth do not be quick to speculate about heavenly things Facebook is filled with armchair theologians and many times they'll write their ideas and some of you if you have Facebook you'll see that I see it all the time and and they just you know and they just yeah they're we call them armchair theologians you know they they sit back and think deep thoughts and all of that and then they share them but they're not always real they're not always right and so we need to be quick to hear and slow to speak we need to be open to what he's saying when he says do not be rash with your mouth let not your heart utter anything hastily before God you see some people consider themselves deeply theological but they speak for God wrongly and they speculate concerning heavenly things and and and they're trying to to explain God to people they may have a zeal and there's nothing wrong with having a great zeal but they need to have a zeal with knowledge it reminds me when we were going through the book of Acts it reminds me of of that young man that we read about in in the book of Acts by the name of Apollo so he was a young young man at that time and when you read in the book of Acts concerning him he's described as eloquent he's mighty in the scriptures he's instructed in the way of the Lord he was careful to teach accurately he was bold but he only knew the baptism of John and so the scripture speaks about after hearing him speak this couple Aquila and Priscilla took him aside and explained the way of God to him more accurately and he received from them you see so there's a there's a wisdom in being trainable there's a wisdom in if you're making an error there's a wisdom in respecting those who've been there before you in order that you might be corrected and and moved into the right path there was a young man that was giving me his opinion and and all and and he was incorrect and all and as I was saying well he didn't want to hear and somebody told me later on something and I thought this funny that's why I'm repeating it but somebody told me later on you have bibles older than him and that's true yeah I do I have bibles older than him and yet he's instructing me in the ways of the Lord when he's been saved all of three years and but if you want to grow in the things of Lord one of the things you need to be is trainable I'm not saying gullible I'm saying trainable Apollo's eloquent was careful he knew a lot but what made him great in the kingdom of God is an old couple could take him aside and say to him you don't know what you think you know let me give you more complete knowledge of these things so when you stand and share you're more developed and what was a policies a policies response I want to know there's a wisdom in that whenever I meet a young man who says I just want to learn I just want to grow that blesses my heart there are plenty of young people who want to teach before they're prepared they want to give a message before they've actually learned that message I'm not saying that we shouldn't share what we know I'm just saying grow beyond that be willing to be instructed to go deeper and be very careful that you don't become an arm chair theologian we need to remember that when we speak for God it is a great responsibility Isaiah chapter 6 verse 5 Isaiah said what was me I am undone because I'm a man of unclean lips and I dwell in the midst of a people of unclean lips my eyes have seen the King the Lord of hosts you know I have not spoken perfectly or correctly in every way and so that is something we need to be aware of a second thing is it can apply to making hasty and careless prayers a prayer should be entered to so soberly as well as in the fear of God again we need to remember whom we are speaking to the secret to acceptable prayer is a prepared heart that's because the mouth speaks what the heart contains out of the abundance of the the heart the mouth will speak and so we need to be prepared as we come before the Lord and speak to him our prayers the psalmist says in Psalm 141 verses 1 through 3 beautiful Psalm Lord I cry out to you make haste to me give ear to my voice when I cry out to you let my prayer be set before you as incense the lifting up of my hands as the evening sacrifice set a guard oh Lord over my mouth keep watch over the door of my lips powerful prayer he says in verse 3 a dream comes through much activity and a fool's voice is known by his many words well a hard worker sleeps and has many dreams but even so a fool is known by his word he prayers we bring our petitions to God and you can do so with few words because even as we're singing tonight he knows our needs before we even make them known to him one of my favorite scriptures Matthew 6 verses 6 and 7 Jesus said when you pray go into your room and when you have shut your door pray to your father who is in the secret place your father who sees in secret will reward you openly when you pray do not use vain repetitions as the heathen do for they think that they will be heard for their many words let your words be few thoughtful and as you pray Lord I believe that you'll have a richer prayer life in verse 4 when you make a vow to God do not delay to pay it for he has no pleasure in fools pay what you vowed better not to vow than to vow and not pay so making a vow is making an oath a vow and oath is a promise promises or vows were not required you know in the Jewish law you were not required to make vows but when you made a vow you were to honor it in Deuteronomy 23 verses 21 through 23 when you make a vow to the Lord your God you shall not delay to pay it for the Lord your God will surely required of you and it would be sinned to you but if you abstain from vowing it shall not be sinned to you that which has gone from your lips you shall keep and perform for you voluntarily vowed to the Lord your God what you have promised with your mouth so when you make a promise he's saying keep it so don't make promises to God that you don't intend to keep or delaying to pay it it's like if you're out there in the ocean and you starting to cramp up and you know you're going to you're going to drown I had that happen probably others in this room I was out a little further than I should have been and I'm no swimmer and my legs are cramping both of them and I'm thinking I'm not going to make it back to shore and so I remember flopping over on my back and starting to do just a kind of a backstroke kind of thing but my legs are cramped and I can't I can't kick so I'm just basically just going with all of my strength then you have to know I was saying God help me God help me I'm going to drown God help me God help me and you can get into the place where you start saying I'll live for you I'll do anything for you you can get to that place and then as I'm going God I need your help I feel my feet dragging on the sand and the first thing I do is I get up and say all right and I just run away I was making all these vows and I forgot all about them for many years so if you make a vow to the Lord keep it it's better not to vow than to vow and not pay verse 6 do not let your mouth cause your flesh to sin nor say before the messenger of God that it was an error why should God be angry at your excuse and destroy the words of your hands and so these are those who are making promises so when you make that promise to God don't try to get out of that don't say to the priest who came to collect that promise you said I'm going to give an offering don't say to him well I made a mistake in doing that he said don't do that kind of thing do not let your mouth cause your flesh to sin nor say to the messenger of God it was an error so the guy comes to collect the offering you say you know I made a mistake why should God be angry at your excuse and destroy the work of your hand you're not going to get away with this verse 7 in the multitude of dreams and and many words there is also vanity fear God when he says multitude of dreams most dreams are insignificant and therefore are vain and and they're they're just like empty promises they have no substance the real answer he's speaking about is to fear God so again fear God and do not make false promises it's better to not make a promise than to make one and not keep it verse 8 if you see the oppression of the poor and the violent perversion of justice and righteousness in a province do not marvel at the matter for high official watches over high official and higher officials are over them and so Solomon saw government officials using authority to serve themselves so don't be surprised by this he's saying corruption exists in in government pecking orders exist and the higher people dominate those who are at the lower level so ultimately instead of receiving justice the matter will be lost in red tape as the officials pocket their funds and so he's making that very clear don't be surprised when this takes place verse 9 moreover the prophet of the land is for all even the king is served from the field and so when things are done fairly everybody benefits even the king because the king gets something from government that is honest and efficient verse 10 he who loves silver will not be satisfied with silver nor he who loves abundance with increase this also is vanity when goods increase they increase who eat them so what profit have the owners accept to see them with their eyes the sleep of a laboring man is sweet whether he eats little or much but the abundance of the rich will not permit him to sleep great observation from a very rich man what he's doing is he's addressing certain myths that that are related to wealth and the reason why he addresses these illusions is because they rob us of God's blessings you see for many possessing great wealth is the goal of their lives they see the advantages attached to wealth and they pursue these advantages they set a goal they attempt to work until they achieve their goal and in their pursuit of wealth he's saying you can forget God and you can instead of being driven by your faith in God you can be driven by greed now we use the word greed greed is defined as an excessive desire to possess more than what one needs or deserves especially with respect to material wealth it's an excessive desire to have more somebody said greed is a fat demon with a small mouth whatever you feed it is never enough and that's a good way to put it you see when driven by greed it's easy to forget God because you're you're pursuing personal gain you're pursuing personal wealth the children of Israel were told by God that he would bless them but he also warned them God promised them I will bless you but there will be pitfalls in Deuteronomy 8 18 and 19 he said it like this you shall remember the Lord your God for it is he who gives you power to get wealth that he may establish his covenant which he swore to your fathers as it is this day then it shall be if you by any means forget the Lord your God and follow other gods and serve them and worship them I testify against you this day you shall surely perish he said I am the one who gives you power to get wealth but don't forget who gave you that power you see Solomon has already shared concerning what he would refer to as a futility of wealth he said that he had gathered silver he had gathered gold he had special treasures of kings but after doing so he concluded by saying I hated all my labor I have to leave it all behind so he realized that all of his labors were wasted if they lacked an eternal perspective that's why Jesus said in Matthew 6 19 and 20 do not lay up for yourselves treasures on earth where moth and rust destroy where thieves break in and steal lay up for yourselves treasures in heaven or neither moth nor rust destroys where thieves do not break in and steal so Solomon addresses four myths concerning wealth and these myths are present even today these are the four myths and we'll look at them briefly one money can buy happiness two money solves every problem three money brings peace of mind four money brings security he's actually addressing this first money can buy happiness well what does he say in verse 10 he who loves silver will not be satisfied with silver nor he who loves abundance with increase its vanity so when somebody loves money he thinks it can buy happiness he says that's not true when he speaks concerning loving the word love speaks having an appetite for so he who loves or has an appetite for silver will not be satisfied the word satisfied means to be fulfilled the one who loves abundance the word abundance speaks of wealth and then he uses the word increase with increase the word increase speaks of income an appetite for income will never satisfies you many people believe that money produces lasting satisfaction and because they believe this their lives are wrapped up in making money they love it they think about it they strive for it controlled by it they guard it their lives are driven by a desire for it they think about how they're going to get more of it but in this pursuit they lose everything that has value and they end up with nothing that matters Luke 12 15 Jesus said watch out be on your guard against all kinds of greed a man's life does not consist in the abundance of his possessions Jesus said that this is the one who said foxes have holes and birds have nests but the son of man has no place to lay his head he created all things yet had no place to rest his head and yet he didn't need those things because he had something deeper he said they have left me and now i'm alone but i'm not alone he told his father in prayer he said for you're with me see ultimately what satisfies is a relationship with the Lord because that's something that continues into eternity and the possessions that somebody may give everything everything up for it has a short shelf life we know that but that's what he's pointing out the second thing he says verse 11 when goods increase they increase who eat them so what profit have the owners except to see them with their eyes he addresses the myth that money solves problems we need money of course just to survive but money isn't the solution for every problem Solomon says the more you have the more people are around to help you spend it that's true hey listen if you win the jackpot of some sort you're going to have a lot of relatives you didn't even know existed they will be calling you up but not only will you have people you didn't know existed trying to hit you up for some cash the IRS will be there to help you spend it I promise you you see wealth often attracts friends and relatives you didn't know and friends and relatives will show up and they're going to enjoy your hospitality that doesn't normally happen to somebody who has no money in Proverbs 14 20 it says the poor man's hated even by his own neighbor but the rich have many friends so many who are wealthy never know who sincerely loves them and who is using them that's why there are some who don't want people to know they have money because there just are too many people who want your money and there are people that don't allow people to know how much they have there are others who actually disguise themselves when they go out because there's so many people who will shamelessly come and ask for something from them so again if we think that money solves every problem it really doesn't because having a great amount of money produces its own kind of problems so he warns against that verse 12 the sleep of a labor man is sweet whether he eats little or much but the abundance of the rich will not permit him to sleep the third myth is that money brings peace of mind Solomon points out that an ordinary working man sleeps better than the rich man because the rich have security guards fences videos alarm systems on their homes they have bulletproof vehicles and other things around to protect them and their goods very rich people can have insomnia because they're never able to rest and that's true because they never know who's going to come to get their money and so that's the point he's saying keep that in mind and then finally verse 13 there is a severe evil which i have seen under the sun riches kept for their owner to his own herd those riches perish through misfortune when he begets a son there's nothing in his hand as he came from his mother's womb naked shall he return to go as he came and he shall take nothing from his labor which he may carry away in his hand and this also is a severe evil just exactly as he came so shall he go and what profit has he who has labored for the wind all his days he eat he also eats in darkness he has much sorrow and sickness and anger and so he addresses the myth that money brings security a wealthy miser ends up losing his fortune through bad business decisions he thought that all his problems were solved when he became rich yet through poor money management he ends up with nothing to leave behind afraid of letting his money work for him he became a miser and he lost it in the end he's back where he started from he has nothing to leave for a son so Solomon is saying he had trusted in his riches and the riches let him down because he was rich he trusted those riches as its protection even his identity but when he lost it all he had no parachute to break his fall according to verse 17 he ends his days in sorrow sickness and anger the fact is we all die and take nothing with us and ultimately we give our account to the Lord in Proverbs 22 verse 2 the rich and the poor have this in common the Lord is the maker of them all and then finally 18 through 20 here's what I've seen it's good in fitting for one to eat and drink and to enjoy the good of all his labor in which he toils under the sun all the days of his life which God gives him for it is his heritage as for every man to whom God has given riches and wealth and given him power to eat of it to receive his heritage and rejoice in his labor this is the gift of God for he will not dwell unduly on the day on the days of his life because God keeps him busy with the joy of his heart a person who has learned to trust the Lord is blessed because of it he doesn't have a lot of stresses because he's trusting in the one who blesses and because he has that he's okay he works he enjoys labor of his hand but altogether he knows his prophet has come because of his relationship to his God and so because that is true he just eats and he drinks what he's produced and lives in faith he rejoices again because God has blessed him verse 20 he will not dwell unduly on the days of his life because God keeps him busy with the joy of his heart he's not looking back with regrets or worrying about today because God is blessing his life daily and that that's a that's a great thing to learn isn't it that God is with you day by day every day every moment every instant he's with you he's aware of your needs he's aware of everything that you desire and he knows what is best for you he allows us to speak and ask him but he knows what he's going to give me because some of the things I've asked him for are things that would wither my soul you know he one of the psalms speaks of how him giving them their requests but sent leanness to their soul there are times that you may ask for something where the Lord relents and hands it to you but it ends up withering your spiritual life it wasn't something you needed and so it's always wise to just get up in the morning say God this is the day that you have made I will rejoice and be glad in it and I'm going to serve you today and God says right on I'll be with you from this moment till you go to sleep and by the way when you're asleep I'm still awake watching you because you belong to me I can't take my eyes off you I love you so much so just enjoy your time with me and I'll bless you now that's a good way to live and Solomon has seen that


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Eisen because they are on the internet via YouTube and Google now it it never ceases to amaze me just how many sickening sycophants suck-ups ass-kissers of all kinds are out there spineless jellyfish I see them online all the time especially Facebook and also people not only suck suck-ups and sycophants there are many backstabbers that will do whatever they can underhanded tactics to improve their lot in life to improve their standard of living to curry favor with a person who's in charge they make me sick instead of getting ahead based on their merits if they have any they have to use these underhanded tactics to get there could be stirring up trouble making up lies you know rumors tattle-tailing and also people that go with whatever's popular I know people like that like whatever's in whatever whatever seems to be popular at the moment they go with it I know those are are those those people who must buy the most recent Apple product they have to have the most recent everything whatever's in vogue they have to have it's like a person if a certain team wins the world series all of a sudden they run off to the sporting goods store and they have to buy the cap even though it's not their home jersey it's not in the jersey even though it's not their home team because it's the end thing to do these are weasels sickening sycophants let me be a little more accurate yeah sickening sycophants is a fancy way of saying ask us now sir is is Gary Knowles popular term adaptive supporter a sycophant I would say so is there is an actual psychological term I can look up adaptive supporter not if you're not if you're not looking in the Gary Knowles no like a Freudian psychology it's it's no adaptive supporter is we would probably call it something else Reich would call it something else but it'd be the same character it sounds it sounds the description sounds similar to what I just explained problem you know it would yeah like a person who's a who is a a born follower who must who must follow what people around him or her are doing or whatever is popular at the time you know it could be fashion you know it like I was watching this commercial about a mother it was kind of like a back to school commercial and the mother was saying oh I got to get you know I I go to this place because I have to keep my kids in style when they go back to school the kids the kids like Arizona jeans whatever happened to saying no to your child no I'm not gonna buy you designer jeans for school I'm not gonna buy Arizona jeans I'm gonna get you $10 Walmart or Kmart jeans they look great they're durable there's nothing wrong with them they cost ten bucks and this is what you're gonna wear whatever happened to Lee and Levi you know oh yeah Lee's Levi Strauss it's only God damn down to read right that's well that's why I am proud to announce that my $10 Walmart or Kmart you know Route 66 brand or whatever my $10 El Chippo jeans look the same they're denim they're durable they fit great they're comfortable there's nothing wrong with them so why on earth they come in all different cuts on ragweed season is upon us they come in all different cuts whether it be loose fit relax fit or the standard straight leg tighten the crotch fit tighten the crotch fit like Billy Maro likes tighten the ask ask crack and crotch oh my god the point is there's nothing wrong with them why pay for the name why because all the other people in your school in your classroom have it and they suckered their parents into buying it for them whatever happened to saying no to your kids or to any lobbying group just say no to a lot of things not just drugs no you can't have it no it's not fair I don't what you're what you're promoting is not fair to wall right say no to lobbyists say no to repose now you're asking people to stand up yeah and be counted have a backbone see how hard this this dear allerous grow a spine of titanium five percent of people don't have how many percentage about 95 that many have no balls or spines yeah interesting interesting interesting you want a tissue also okay I do you did you see the the picture of that I posted on the group of the first bacon condom bacon condom yeah I think the company is I forget b and k or what are you gonna do eat the damn thing that's what it's it's meant it's meant to be edible after the guy comes in it edible for women women that are not vegan now if you're vegan and you're having sex you know oral sex or whatever you got a problem but if you're not vegan I guess it's meant to be edible since so many bacon since so many people are bacon lovers out there me included you know I mean it's not a joke the real condom but I'll ring the levity bells anyway House Republicans okay our preparing legislation that would cut food stands by as much as four billion dollars oh but they're not cutting their their food and coffee and beverage in budget program for that tank that nobody wants was that like five billion and they wouldn't dare to cut that was already spent keep the program in effect oh really yeah I thought tanks they weren't gonna cut the five billion I thought tanks like they're obsolete like battleships were obsolete they are there's a weapon that we have we use it in Iraq where it's something that like attaches to all the tanks in a squad or whatever they call it and it blows them all up at the same time is it is it placed by robotics I don't know how it's placed but we use that we decimated the tank cord in Iraq well then tanks are obsolete that's correct even even many ships even many warships are not really you know you know look how much protection you got to have for a the one with the planes on it aircraft carrier aren't there subs that following aircraft carrier everything nuclear subs they're not well they're definitely not obsolete nuclear so they're not obsolete to go and bring the plane closer to your your object your target well plus but getting it there safely is a plus a nuclear sub is is the modern-day missile silo because it is very very mobile and can reach its target constantly moving change in its location and I believe one sub one sub used to be the Poseidon I don't know what they have today but one of them could take out the world try missiles have had tried it there's that many that many missiles can fit on one sub that's what they said I don't know you're talking about nuclear warheads warheads yeah oh I wouldn't doubt it aircraft carriers are important because they can yes they can getting very close to their target they're important in what you would call a conventional war but the next war will not be conventional as the Bible says nuclear weapons will be used okay so you're talking you're talking real destruction baby yeah real destruction one-third of humanity dead dead and dying because a pestilence and you know like radiation sickness and etc are my guys and you and you believe that the Christians I mean to save people will not be raptured up and spare the tribulation of course not none of them are going to be spared no one will be spared a tribulation except the elect hundred forty four thousand forty four thousand that were that will be resurrected to God dumb when Jesus comes down and a hundred forty four thousand that's it is literally a hundred and forty four thousand correct now it doesn't mean it's drive yeah well from each drive that's what it's all about so those who have already proven themselves they will in a twinkling of an eye be turned into God's spirit beings that's all the rest of humanity you know will be dead we live through till the millennium etc etc they're gonna get killed there's two resurrections you're gonna get killed at it as a resurrection or after the millennium there's the resurrection of the dry bones I believe it's in the Ezekiel try bones yeah which I believe is all of the ancient Israel because ancient Israel would not believe they would not have faith yeah though they had the law they had the law but they did not have faith or belief so they were cut off they were put aside so they will have their resurrection to flesh and judgment but the hundred forty four thousand are immediately going to spirit being immediately I dig I dig so that's not quite a rapture man no I dig where you come from but it's gonna be a well actually there won't be but there should be a lot of digging during the tribulation but people will be too weak to bury the dead the fowls of the air will have a feast the buzzards the buzz are otherwise known as the vultures that eat carry on and I don't mean carry on luggage going on to a plane levity levity in an effort to downsize the program that many conservatives say has become too bloated yeah because there are a lot more in the world in the country today all but their salaries are not too bloated the defense budget is not too bloated for Republicans that's not too bloated do-do-do-do-do their food bill paid for by taxpayers is not too bloated their vacation their vacations by the taxpayer oh is that so so what else you think so when they so when these these whores these bums go away for a month and take the whole month off five weeks five weeks oh oh oh not a month five weeks five weeks where else do you see taxpayers are paying for these vacations where else do you see these vacations type of vacation normal human beings in the United States only have two weeks if that now in Europe you have some people with four maybe five weeks but you know what it seems like everything they do is is straight from the hip in your face easy to see easy to understand but the media the media gives them so much FaceTime when they when they complain and bitchy moan about things about the poor and about helping people and everything everything in it about their crazy religiosity their facts are never correct the facts are never correct and the media gives them constant airtime but I never see the media give the truth and and liberals airtime I saw a what was she either a mayor or a congressperson in some state some it looked like a woman actually but later on they referred to it as a guy a big hulking guy with blonde hair you come up there and blaming Obama's a socialist all of these socialist policies ever never never never never never do yeah but that there wasn't the congress responsible for spending not so much Obama what the hell is that socialism Obama is a corporatist not a socialist not a communist no well Bernie Sanders is farther to the left than Barack Obama and I love him he's great oh yeah well the guy was trying to put him down the other day who said you know you want to raise the minimum wage who's gonna pay for that who's gonna pay for the rich bastards gonna pay for that's right you're corporation making a lot of big profits you heard you heard how much Walmart makes they can't give raises they can't pay a decent decent living wage to the average American worker they can't pay that they can and they would have in the old days 20 what you say more at each Walmart family billion probably each Walmart family made 20 billion dollars in 2012 now you meet to tell me they can't pay a living wage course they can and then they complain who's gonna pay for that so some other some other teabaggers said to me in the family said to me oh oh you want to help a good health care for all well who's gonna pay for that oh it's okay for the rich to have the best health care who's gonna pay for it who do you think's gonna pay for it who paid for the Iraq Afghanistan wars who paid for Wall Street tax bailouts who's paying now I believe it's is it 20 20 billion dollars it's probably 80 billion dollars a month by Bernacke over there in the Fed putting out every month free money hey it's okay they always they always have plenty of money for welfare for the rich Wall Street bailouts and subsidies is always plenty of money for that but God forbid a few crumbs to help the poor out social services let's try to get an accurate picture here let's understand something when George W. Bush took office in 2001 there was no deficit no Bill Clinton a sexual escapades or not left us with a surplus and he was a corporatist too left us with a surplus when he didn't listen to Larry Summers he did certain things correct but listening to Larry Summers the evil beast that's when all the bad stuff occurred couldn't suffer his big boy couldn't he see where Larry Summers was coming from and just tell Larry Summers to fuck off take a hike take a hike no he couldn't be why not it's easy as you said that information I just said it fuck you take a hike he didn't have that information actually nobody did it was just information to benefit the big boys it's all it was like the flat tax from from mr. Forbes the flat tax just just benefits the big boys a group of Republicans led by the House Majority Leader Eric Cantor know the scumbag plans to try to advance the legislation as early as next month advance oh yeah when he comes back from vacation public and still have nine days to do that work oh yeah that that's their work that's their the time they work in for the month of August nine days or is it two days they are not working for the month so they are on vacation so they ran out yesterday down the steps of of the Congress didn't you see the other quickly rather quickly so they what you're trying to tell me is they they simple similar to many teachers they take the whole summer off completely except they they complain teachers are making too much money but they they sure like the actually teachers work a hell of a lot more hours than a senator or Republican especially these two Republicans right senator or congressman yeah like I told you it's it's it's it's it's a bad thing to use the term work and earn when you're dealing with Republicans yes you cannot get an accurate reading very those terms inaccurate now let me ask you a question Ed Schultz does he discuss any of this on his show and Schultz is for the working man does he ever bring this up discusses all this stuff does he bring up the fact that they're always on vacation and they don't do any work yes but you see the problem is Ed Schultz does not reach every human being in America neither does anyone and that's the unfortunate and the news media on the major networks CBS NBC and ABC and the local stations do not mention any of the shenanigans that the Republicans do well you see the problem is except for Lionel on China WPI X these stations you're talking about the people the news reporters have said if they believe that you're dealing with two parties with different opinions they do not understand that the Republican Party is evil they are demons their sights are set on the poor Psalm 10 verse 2 Psalm 10 verse 8 okay they don't understand that part of it they believe that there's two equal parties with different opinions so you know we give where this guy is say we'll give this guy his say yeah I'll have a station for this guy station for this I mean I mean Democrats are too easy on Republicans like Nancy Pelosi has something to say the other day that was quite accurate but she said it in a very diplomatic way that that's not how you treat the forces of evil correct and then I'll bet you she got jumped on really good of course but she was she she's too wishy-washy because you know why it's the same old stories don't because don't hate me there I don't want people to disapprove of me you know I mean that's how they are these a lot of liberals they are all corporates so they are all guilty so they don't want to rock to be careful of drawing these so they don't want to they don't want to rock the boat too much exactly because they all have a campaign contribution a lot of parties in the closet and they all have campaign contributions right yeah but wouldn't you become more popular if you went national and told the real truth and then wouldn't the people like really wouldn't you really be getting publicity possibly but how is that possible this is one of the system changes that has to be made taking money to politics taking money out of politics there has to be a way it's the same thing with let let's put it like for education there has to be a way of allowing every single individual in America access to information and to education to new products to whatever the system of information must be brought enough should be free well then obviously should be free it should be brought enough for anyone to tap into it at any time that's right that's right like then you will know about your independent candidates it's certain Latin American countries maybe even Europe


Hip-Hop just got a little bit more interesting What's up, everybody takedown here welcome back to the channel today I'm gonna be talking about something that happened just last week in the hip-hop scene and it is pretty interesting And it got me pretty excited so One week ago today Eminem released his 10th studio album Kamikaze with a warning no one knew he was even working on a new album Let alone had plans to release one Considering it was only eight months ago that he released Revival now I have not listened to the complete new album because I'm the type of person who likes to buy his CDs Physically just because I am a collector, but what I've heard so far is Amazing Kamikaze has gotten a lot of attention since its release and Eminem has stated that he made it because of the amount of criticism he got for revival Honestly, there were a few songs on revival that I just did not like I was not a fan of but the album as a whole I think it was great. I was very happy with it But that is just my opinion em decided to take aim on anybody who criticized him for his last album Or just criticized his in general and dissed them on this album Now I'm just gonna read some of the main Disse's and he dissed a lot of people more than I'm gonna mention here Just because there's so many and a lot of them are people that I don't even know who they are So I'm not even gonna bother mentioning them in this video But first up we have a little Yachty and what Eminem said to him was I can see why people like little Yachty But not me though not even dissing it just ain't for me, which to me. I think that is pretty respectful It's not really a diss. It's just saying Eminem understands why people like him, but it's not for Eminem Eminem doesn't like that style of music little Yachty has responded and he stated Personally, I think it's fire em took shots at him.  So right there little Yachty Is not upset with what Eminem said I think to me that is very respectful that he still likes Eminem and he still rocks with Eminem And still likes what Eminem does so it wasn't really a diss anyways But it was pretty interesting to see that happen in another song. He dissed a little pump a little zane I'm not sure if I'm pronouncing that right, but so what he said to them was little pump little zane intimate little Wayne I should aim at everybody in the game pick a name.  I heard you want to rumble like an empty stomach I heard you mumbling, but it's just jumbled in mumbo jumbo Which to me is Hilarious, I think that was a great disc because he's not only dissing little pump and little zane But he's dissing Mumble rap as a whole me myself. I'm not a fan of mumble rap I really don't understand how it is so popular because there is literally no words to the song It is just complete crap in my opinion But little pump is the only one to respond so far and he simply said thank you I deserve that so right there little pump even though Eminem dissed him He's still showing respect for Eminem He's still showing respect for everything M has done in the past so that speaks volume But it does get more interesting because Eminem has also dissed Donald Trump yet again And what he says to Donald Trump this time is but I think it's working These verses are making him we bit nervous And he's too scared to answer me with words because he knows that he will lyrically get murdered but I know at least he's heard it because Because agent Orange just sent the Secret Service to meet him in person To see if he really thinks of hurting him or ask if he's linked with terrorists so Right there. I don't know if this statement is true But Eminem is basically stating that even though Trump hasn't responded himself Apparently Donald Trump sent the Secret Service to go and confront Eminem to see if he actually plans out Don doing Anything that he said in the past. He also this is Drake, which to me This is the best one or at least one of the best ones that he did So the first song that he just Drake in he says the fans waited for this moment like that feature when I stole the show Ha sorry if I took forever, which if you don't get that reference It's a play on words because Drake had a song a few years back possibly an 09 when Eminem and a few other artists were featured on it and it's the song called forever and Eminem basically stole that everybody knows that song because Eminem is on it Even though it had a little Wayne and Kanye and a couple other artists a lot of people know the song just because of Eminem And they really think it's Eminem song honestly myself I thought it was Eminem song too, but it is actually Drake song He also did Drake another time in another song and he says you got some views But you're still below me mine are higher So when you compare our views you get overlooked and I don't say the hook unless I wrote the hook So this is a stab at Drake because of the whole ghost writer conspiracy right now in my opinion I think that Drake does have ghost writers just because I've seen that he was in a radio show And he was supposed to be doing a freestyle and he couldn't it was complete crap He couldn't come up with anything and to me right there if you were an artist, especially a rapper This is what you should be doing You should be able to freestyle like that and he doesn't straight there I'm pretty sure he does have ghost writers and that's em basically taking a stab at the fact that he believes it as well And I think that's pretty interesting and the last one here that Eminem this that I'm going to mention at least because there's so many more But the last one is MGK and what he said to MGK was now you want to come and fuck with me, huh? This little sucker must be feeling himself He wants to keep up his tough demeanor so he does a feature and decides to team up with Nina But next time you don't got to use tech nine if you want to come at me with a submachine gun And I'm talking to you, but you already know who the f you are Kelly I don't use sublims and sure as f don't sneak this but keep commenting on my daughter Haley So the reason Eminem went for MGK a lot of people assume it is because MGK Mentioned Eminem's daughter Haley in a tweet back in 2012 basically saying that his daughter is hot No Eminem has already mentioned that that is not the case That was something that happened six years ago That is not why he put him in a song and dissed him on an album the reason he did that and he actually says here is because MGK did a feature with tech nine and a song called no reason and he Sneakingly dissed Eminem now a lot of media and nobody really caught on that It was a diss towards Eminem, but Eminem himself caught on and realized it So that's why he took a stab at MGK here, but it gets better MGK is the only person so far to come back at Eminem with a diss track a complete song Dissing Eminem and it is actually pretty amazing. It is one of MGK's best work now I'm a fan of Eminem you guys already know that because I mentioned it in this video so far, but I'm also a fan of MGK I do think MGK is crossing too many lines I think MGK should not have taken shots of Eminem first But a lot of people are thinking right now that Eminem took shots at MGK first and that's just not the case I don't know why people are saying that whenever the facts are right in front of them And they know MGK started this whole thing in my opinion I think that Eminem is gonna come back with the rap of his own against MGK and I honestly can't wait Honestly in my opinion, I think the MGK versus Eminem beef is something we really need to see in 2018 For the main reason of mumble rap is taking over and me myself. I do not like mumble rap I like the old-school stuff where you can understand what the people are saying and the rap actually means something And that's what MGK Eminem and a whole bunch of other artists do But it's kind of a dying our mumble rap seems to be taking over And this might be the thing that we need to make this kind of rap stick the kind of rap that is actually good rap Stay around for a lot longer another reason Eminem decided to release this whole album is because he has a song for Venom It is a movie coming out soon. I can't wait for it from Marvel But Eminem has a song for that movie called Venom that is on this track So he knew that song was going to be coming out soon anyways Why not release everything that he has been working on all at once and to me It is a bold move to surprise an album upon your fans to receive the fiscal copy is going to take four to six weeks So it sucks for me But it is still an amazing move something that I've never honestly seen before And I think everything that he has said so far as reasons to why he decided to do this It makes sense It is something that he thought is necessary for his career And i'm just happy there's a tenth studio album of Eminem's out there We shall see I will try to keep you guys updated as much as I can I hopefully will give you guys an update if anything else with MGK versus Eminem transpires But this is as of right now what has happened in the whole scene I think it's pretty interesting. Like I said, I didn't mention everybody who got dissed by Eminem But the list is so long that I could have been here for a couple more videos worth And a lot of people I just don't know who they are So I don't really care to mention them, but I am going to leave this video here I'm super excited to see what happens. I think Eminem is going to respond I think Eminem could possibly win this if he tries but MGK and rap devil He did a pretty good job. He almost buried Eminem in my opinion and that is from a diehard Eminem fan But I think Eminem is going to retaliate. I think Eminem has something up his sleeve And Eminem will be coming for MGK soon We shall see I'll keep you guys updated, but I'm going to leave this video here Hope you guys did enjoy and I'll see you guys in the next video. Please take care. Peace


A fantasy is a situation imagined by an individual that expresses certain desires or aims on the part of its creator. Fantasies sometimes involve situations that are highly unlikely, or they may be quite realistic. Fantasies can also be sexual in nature. Another, more basic meaning of fantasy is something which is not real, as imperceived explicitly by any of the senses, but exists as an imagined situation of object-to-subject. In everyday life, individuals often find their thoughts pursuase series of fantasies concerning things they wish they could do or wish they had done. Fantasies of control or of a sovereign choice. Daydreams George Eamon Valent in his study of defense mechanisms took as a central example of an immature defense dot dot dot fantasy, living in a Walter Middy dream world where you imagine you are successful and popular, instead of making real efforts to make friends and succeed at a job. Fantasy, when pushed to the extreme, is a common trait of narcissistic personality disorder, and certainly Valent found that not one person who used fantasy a lot had any close friends. Other researchers and theorists find the fantasy has beneficial elements, providing small regressions and compensatory wishfulfillments which are recuperative in effect. Research by Deirdre Barrett reports that people differ radically in the vividness, as well as frequency of fantasy, and that those who have the most elaborately developed fantasy life are often the people who make productive use of their imaginations in art, literature, or by being especially creative and innovative. In more traditional professions.


Data can come in all shapes and sizes. It can be a simple spreadsheet or a complex text, audio, video or even an image. Today I will show you how Orange transforms images into numbers and in this way enables machine learning. First, we will have to install Image Analytics add-on. Go to Options, Add-ons and install Image Analytics. Restart Orange for the add-on to appear. Now let's start with an example. I have collected 19 images of domestic animals and placed them all in the same folder. I can load them in Orange with import images. Open the widget and select the folder. Now connect Image Viewer to import images. Looks like we have all the animals here. Import images actually constructs and outputs a data table. But how does this data table look like? Let's check this in a data table widget.  Image name, image file path, size of the file, image width and height in pixels. Nothing that would help me with machine learning. We need image descriptors. That is numbers which describe the content of these images. We will transform raw images into their vector representation using a deep neural network which was trained on millions of real-life images. Retreat vectors are also called image embeddings. We embed our images into a multi-dimensional feature space. Connect import images to image embeddings. The widget sends images to the server and computes embeddings remotely. Let's see what we got back. Now we don't only have meta information but also 2048 additional features to profile the images. Great! With embeddings we can compare the images and compute their similarity. Let us pass the data to distances and select cosine distance as it usually works best for images. Then we can pass the distance matrix to hierarchical clustering and observe the dendrogram. Seems like embeddings indeed make sense. All the chickens are grouped together and all the cows too. I can even check each cluster in an image viewer. Simply wonderful! But I know what you're going to say.  Let's double check our procedure with the most famous cow in Europe, the Milka cow. This image is quite different from the others. It is a frontal photograph with digitally enhanced colors. I have retrieved the image from the internet and added it to my domestic animals folder. If I press reload in import images, the new image gets loaded and the whole workflow is instantly updated. Let us again open hierarchical clustering and image viewer. Seems like Milka is correctly clustered with its kind. Today we've learned how to work with images in orange, profile them using deep model embeddings and perform clustering. In the next video we will go a step further. We will be building predictive models for image classification.


Nature has developed many solutions to solve technical problems related to material surfaces by combining the physical chemical properties of materials with periodically aligned micro-slash nanostructures in a sophisticated manner. Ultra-short pulsed lasers can mimic these features by generating laser-induced periodic surface structures, LIPSS, which allow for the creation of superhydrophobic, anti-reflective, colored, and drag-resistant surfaces. Biological examples such as lotus leaves, springtails, desert beetles, moth eyes, butterfly wings, weevils, pangolins, and snakes demonstrate how nature solves technical problems, while recent advances in the field have led to the development of new applications. Future developments and perspectives are also discussed. This article was authored by Frank A. Muller, Clemens Koons, and Stefan Graf.


Without no Myers there is no Loomis and without no Loomis there is no Myers like this yin-yang Michael never really seems to want to kill Loomis. Yeah. He has every opportunity.  It's almost like there's like I need you. Yeah there Everyone talks about Michael Myers all the time. Yeah, but not enough people talk about how important Loomis is to the story He's the van Helsing to the Dracula exactly perfect way to put it


with us in the IPCC adventure. She is an expert in graphic design. And she was mainly dedicated to the co-production of the SPM figures with us. So she was another one that was babysitting as IPCC author. In this co-production, we had a lot of interesting discussion and exchange. I think we learned a lot, maybe also learned a lot a bit from us. And today she will just show you one of these examples to make you understand in which way these figures are in general, in which is the best way to use figures to communicate and how many things you have to think before producing the figures. Angela, the floor is yours. And thanks for being here. Thank you so much, Erika. I am not really sure if I was babysitting, or we were babysitting, or it was the other way around. But hello, everybody. And thanks a lot for having me today. I was really hoping I would be able to travel to Italy and meet all of you, and especially seeing in person many people that I've had the honor to collaborate with. So I'm sorry I didn't work out. But I hope this virtual talk can still be useful. And if there are also thoughts that you would like to share that we do not manage to discuss in the Q&A, just feel free to reach out or to channel through Erika. So my name is Angela Morelli. And I have a background in engineering. And while I was studying engineering, I was often dealing with information presented in a very analytical way. Sometimes easy to read, sometimes less, sometimes beautiful, sometimes less beautiful, sometimes easy to understand, and sometimes really hard to decipher. And I can recall the sense of frustration for not understanding. Because not understanding makes you feel disempowered and unable to make good decisions for yourself, for the people you love, for the people you lead. So this is why, after my degree in engineering, I decided that I would study design. And I did an MA in industrial design. And I worked at the studio. The Japanese designer is also in Milan. And here I have learned the power of stories, the importance of beauty and sense of wonder. And after navigating in the world of engineering and industrial design for more than a decade, I entered the world of information design by doing a master in information design at Central Samaritans in London. And I realized that I was finally in my element. But my passion was not in information design or data visualization per se, but in the impact that we can have by communicating with clarity and beauty, the impact that we can have by co-designing with our audience and the scientists, the impact that we can have by considering the long-term effect of our design decisions. So when I am asked what I do, I answer that I am an information designer. And the company I run, Info Design Lab, is a socially conscious information design firm. So Info Design Lab is a small company. It is a lab. So we collaborate with partners and organizations who flow in and out depending on the projects we work on. We work with scientists and activists with the public and private sector, with universities and the media. We teach a lot and we run courses. And most of the time, the goal of our projects is to co-design visualizations that empower specialists and non-specialists to make informed decisions about the big challenges we face as a society from education to health, from social justice to climate change. And we have collaborated with the ITCC on three reports. And this collaboration has that really defining role for us professionally. So today, I would like to focus briefly on the way we work and on the tools we use, especially touching on the intent, the visual narrative, user engagement, and the slide book. So hoping that you can take away some useful things. So let's start with the way we work. For those of you who are not familiar with the discipline of information design, well, it has been defined in many ways, but this is a really good definition by information designer, Nathan Shedrov. Information design addresses the organization and presentation of data. It's transformation into valuable, meaningful information. So the goal is to produce products or experiences, visuals, narratives that can help readers navigate complexity in order to understand, in order to make decisions. As information designers, our goal is to design in order to create meaning for an audience. So if the goal is to create meaning, hopefully empowering our audience to see patterns, for us, learning how the audience will use and receive the information and understanding the context in which the information will be processed is key if we want to reach their mind. On the other side, we have the authors of the data and scientists listening to their needs and the ideas is equally important. As designers, we need to really dive into the content with the guidance of the content experts and we need to build a deep and shared understanding of the nature of the data and the science that underpins it. For data visualizations to be effective decision-making tools that help us learn and understand the design and production processes are not trivial and research insights from the fields of design, cognition, psychology and behavioral economics, as well as the increasing robustness of the human center than participatory design methodologies can guide us in designing data visualizations that enhance understanding, empower the final users and support informed decision-making at all levels. So the world of co-design really encapsulates a way of approaching data visualization that ensures this deep and shared understanding between those that create the visuals like information designers, content experts, cognitive scientists and the audience on the other side. So co-design is how we work. Now in the process of turning data into information presenting it in a way that becomes knowledge in the mind of the users and hopefully help make important decisions and ultimately inspire change, things can get complicated because of the collaborative and iterative nature of the design process that involves different users, scientists, designers, stakeholders and because it is really not a plug-and-play process, we have to adapt to different challenges and to the different projects we work on by really embracing both the scientists and the audiences. So the co-design process is a collaborative process based on iterations. So each iteration is usually based on three cycles, A, B and C and in each cycle there are design meetings and design work. And the process is not, as I said, a preconceived formula and depending on the number of people involved in the deadlines and depending on data and the challenges, we adjust and tailor things to meet the needs of different stakeholders. So what you see here is the design process for a project that required one iteration where we brought the brief with the client. There is an initial part of research and the red circles represent moments of user engagement. So it's about designing in a way that minimizes assumptions about our users allowing other stakeholders to be part of the process. When we worked on the data visualizations for the IPCC reports in the ER6, we had three iterations in the design process. The first one after the expert and government review of the second order draft, a second iteration after the final government review of the final order draft and the third iteration during the approval. And these iterations were carefully planned together with the IPCC in sync with the drafting timeline. And the red dots here is where we do the in-depth conversations to check the needs of the policy makers, follow-up conversations to quick reality checks during the design iterations, the user testing to measure if the visualizations fulfill the intent, review comments on the visualizations and content groups during approval. And if you're interested in the co-design process with the IPCC, we have written an article in Spring and Nature part of a collection called the Climate Change Communication and the IPCC. But what are some of the tools that we use to facilitate the co-design process? So the tools I'm going to share now might sound familiar to some of you. For us, these tools are the building blocks of the co-design process. And all the stakeholders involved in the design process will eventually master them. So there is an important training component in having these building blocks at hand. So we use these tools when we work on any project or when we teach in universities or in the research organizations and the toolkit keeps expanding and it helps us create learning journeys for our clients, namely collaborations where we guide the clients through all the stages of the design process while they co-design with us. So this toolkit becomes their toolkit as well. Now, we can say that a really important building block of this toolkit is the intent because with no clear intent, it will be hard to build a good visual narrative. So the data we work on can differ a lot depending on the projects. We can work on qualitative and quantitative data on small or very large data sets, on data that consists of numbers or words. And of course, the nature of the data set impacts the final results. But regardless of the nature of the data, it is always healthy in a way to start the process with an in-depth discussion and the shared understanding of the core pattern that we want our readers to see within the first minutes, they will look at the visualization. And we call this core pattern the intent. So the intent is the goal that the visualization aims to achieve. So we need to ask ourselves, why am I creating this chart? What is one thing that I want people to remember? What do I want people to do with this information? So you should always be able to write a clear intent that describes in one short sentence what you want people to remember and the pattern you want to convey. So if we do not work consciously on the intent of the visualization, we might end up constructing a very wobbly structure. So have a clear intent and use it to write a good deadline. This chart published in the New York Times shows how summer temperatures have shifted towards more extreme heat over the past several decades. Now, the title is really powerful. It's not your imagination, summers are getting hotter. And that's exactly what the charts will show. You have a bell curve and two visuals in this article and scientists compared actual summer temperatures for each decade since 1980s to a fixed baseline average. So across the Northern Hemisphere in the baseline period, most summers were in what they called a near average or normal range, the gray area. A third were considered cold, the blue ones and the third were out to the red ones. So since then summer temperatures have shifted drastically between 2005 and 2015. Two thirds of the values were in the hot category and nearly 15% were in this new category extremely hot. So we are keeping the promise. So it's not your imagination, summers are getting hotter. And this is the first visualization of four that we have designed with scientists that they sent it for climate change research in Norway for the exhaustion project, which is a four year project that involves several European partners that's still ongoing. So we breed climate change. It's like a metaphor that tries to hook the reader. And then the intent, namely the core message we want to convey is written in this annotation along the red circle. Climate change worsens the health impacts of air pollution. So we try to illustrate the intent by visualizing the flow of air pollution and greenhouse gases that cause climate change. And what happens is that climate change worsens the health impacts of air pollution through heat waves, pollutants, wildfire and we breed these effects that goes straight into our lungs and our heart. And same project with a new set of visualizations released last year where the intent is to show that more people will die of heart and lung diseases in our cities when high temperatures are combined with a high level of air pollution. So in order to show the intent, we illustrate the change in number of deaths and from heart and lung diseases by different levels of air pollution. Same project and a qualitative data set for this visualization on adaptation to compete that policies that increase the ability to adapt to climate change and decrease vulnerability can serve as a protective shield for citizens health. Similarly in the past IPCC summary for policymakers we worked on the physical science spaces. Each visualization has a very clear intent and the intent becomes the title of the visualization. The intent becomes an entrance to help readers take their bearings. So human influences warm the climate at a rate that is unprecedented in at least the last 2000 years. And this is the intense family tree for the 10 visualizations we designed for the last IPCC report with the summary for policymakers the physical science spaces. So basically it shows the history of the intense. The more we progressed with the visualizations the better we understood the key pattern the more we could refine the intent and so on. In most of our projects one of the tasks is to actually facilitate the discussion around intent together with the scientists. And defining the intent is part of a very messy process because defining a clear intent can require some time and intent can evolve based on reality checks with your audiences and based on user testing for instance. So the discussion around the intent usually starts when the data are not finally yet. Sometimes these discussions can even start when the data do not exist at all. It is all about trying to talk to the scientists and the audiences and see things from their point of view. So we usually start by asking the scientists what they think the intent of the visualization will be or could be. They have to complete this sentence. The intent of this visualization is to show that. And there is a reason for the syntax of this sentence because we do not want to have a description of the possible variables that we are showing in the visualization. But we want to understand what the key pattern is that the key pattern that needs to be communicated. So let's go back to the visual of this visual for a second. Here the intent is communicated through the title. This is the core takeaway. It's unprecedented and it's a cause by humans. So in order to illustrate the intent we need to visualize of course a number of variables in a certain way. So we use two panels and we try to convey this fast and unprecedented rate and the fact that is caused by humans. In order to visualize the intent unprecedented and caused by humans, we use the changes in global surface temperature. That's the variable we show. But that's not the pattern unprecedented and human cause that is described in the intent. So the intent is not a description of the things you show but a description of the key pattern that you want the users to see in the first minute they look at the visual. So that's the intent. And if the intent is the goal the visual narrative is what the visualization shows and how it looks in order to fulfill the intent. So the intent is what guides us in defining the atoms of the narrative. The visual journey that we build for the readers and what to include and what to leave out. If the intent is the steering wheel that's how I usually think about it. The visual narrative is the type of journey that we create for the reader. So we need to ask ourselves how do I keep the promise described in the title in the intent? What type of chart do I need? What data? What type of organization? How do I use color, typography, space, annotations to fulfill the intent? Having a clear intent is like having a benchmark. You basically can measure every sketch, every visual decisions towards the intent. If we go back to the visualization we breathe climate change for a second where the intent is that climate change worsens the health impacts of our pollution. The intent there helped us decide if our structure, layout, chart type, words were consistent across many different sketches until we go to the final one. And here you can see a static version of the visual a version for Twitter and an article that uses the visualization. So same intent is visualizing slightly different ways according to the context. Now defining intent and visual narrative in a co-design process a bit like riding a roller coaster it's fun and rewarding but it can also make you dizzy. So most of the time at the end of the ride you remember the joy but you need to swallow these 360 degree loops more of them, several of them. So the co-design process behind the figure SPM-9 for the physical science basis sometimes we call it the skyline has been a very interesting ride probably a little bit painful for many of you in the audience. And I kind of like hope that the memory of the pain faded away but there are some important lessons that we have learned. So on one side we receive the mandate to co-create figures for the summary for policymakers that were visualizing the synthesis of the assessment and one core message. But on the other side, we all realized that the nature of the data in this figure and the challenge of convening a multi-dimensional data set and the regional specificity required many more conversations with the scientists than we expected. So the figure you see in the summary for policymakers is in fact the panel B of a richer visualization that has been included in the technical summary. So I think that this figure just reflects the tension between two sides. On one side, the attempt to convene a multi-dimensional data set. And on the other side, the attempt to convene one single message. So on the right hand side, with the skyline the figure convenes the fact that multiple climatic impact drivers are projected to change in all regions of the world. And the purple-orange bar chart is showing the number of regions where each climatic impact driver is changing with higher or medium confidence. And that's happening in all regions. But on the left hand side, the regions of the world are grouped into five clusters, each one based on a combination of changes in climatic impact drivers. And on the left hand side, you see a visual that is more exploratory, I would say, where you need to dive into the different data points and navigate through different narratives. So on the left hand side, you have a more exploratory figure. On the right hand side, you have a more explanatory figure. And this is an important aspect when it comes to visualizing data. So data visualization can be seen as a journey that we build for our audience. And this journey depends on how well we know the audience, how clear your intent is, how you will use size, color, layout, typography, labels and text, all these to guide users through this journey where they process the information. And anytime we design a figure, we need to ask ourselves, what type of journey are we trying to build for our readers? Because ultimately, we want to create something meaningful for them. And in order to do that, it is important to actually understand the journey they need. When it comes to this journey, it might be useful to know that data visualizations can be placed along a continuum of author-driven and reader-driven approaches. A purely reader-driven approach has no prescribed ordering of images, no messaging and supports tasks such as data diagnostics, pattern discovery, hypothesis formation, you can think about Tableau, for example, you can think about dashboards. So the journey is an exploratory journey. A purely author-driven approach has a strict linear path through the visualization, relies on annotations and allows the readers to grasp the key pattern within the first few seconds they look at the figure. So the journey is an explanatory journey. But in fact, examples and most of examples, there is a research that shows and most of examples of narrative visualizations and data visualizations can be a combination of author and reader-driven approach. And it is so important to decide what type of experience we want to design. If we want to let the readers explore the visual arriving at one zone conclusion, or if we want to convey a really clear intent in a very author-driven way. So this table was the starting point of the co-design process for the ESPN-9. And this table is a very exploratory tool, but quite efficient. We spent a lot of time discussing the table and discussing all the different layers and trying to kind of like elevate key messages from it and then going back. So we have a collection, we have a slide book of 200 pages of sketches around this figure. But there's something on a table. So we tend to think that tables are boring, but in some cases, tables can be efficient to can be several dimensions. So when it comes to regional aspects, they might be useful visual tools. And there is also a lot of design literature on table design, actually. So it all depends on what type of journey we are building for our readers. So readers will try to build a narrative out of what we present. And this journey resembles the shape of a mountain on which we travel upwards and then downwards. So we should take care of the steps of this journey, of how we make sure readers get engaged and how we convince them to travel upwards, staying engaged until they see the peak of your story and the intent. And then we should take care of how we can walk them down the mountain without throwing them off the cliff, giving them a feeling of conclusion and giving takeaways. So to sum up a clear intent, namely the clear message that we want to get across helps us create a clear hierarchy of the information and helps us decide what we should include in the figure in order to fulfill the intent, namely the number of variables, the categories, the different dimensions. And now to organize them so that the intent can be visually clear. This allows us to arrive at a clear visual narrative for our readers by using design and cognitive principles, color and typography, layout and annotations. The little red dot in the mind of the readers is our purpose. We hope to turn information into understanding. And if our goal is to enter the mind of the audience, if the goal is to move our audience from understanding to action and hopefully change, if our goal is to create meaning, it is important to plan for user engagement. Because it is exceptionally hard to create valuable communication for our readers when we do not know anything about them. So whether we use in-depth conversations to understand their needs or surveys to test design solutions, our suggestions is to always find a way to dive into their world. And whether we work on small projects or large projects like the IPCC wants with many stakeholders, we always plan for user engagement. In projects like the IPCC, confidentiality applies to all the scientific data and to every information created or exchanged during the IPCC drafting process. So things such as user involvement is always a very tricky thing. But in the design team, we had a group of incredible cognitive scientists led by Jordan Harold from the School of Psychology and the Tindall Center for Climate Change Research. And we collaborated with them for the user testing sessions. Like this one performed with 148 participants testing out different formats for the visualizations. So last tool for today, to manage this complexity, we have to create tools to record the history of everything we work on to keep everybody in the loop, to ensure everybody is on top of the development from the beginning to the end. And in order to do that, we build what we call the slide books. So in our projects, we basically record the history of each visualization using these simple just Google slide presentations that are shared with authors and with everybody involved in the process. And these presentations are in continuous progress until the end. It is almost like working in track changes for the visualizations. So to conclude, if there is one thing that I would like to remember from this talk is that co-designing data visualizations with the readers and above all with the content experts can really help us create valuable communication tools because co-design can help us deconstruct complexity with the help of the scientists. And at the same time can help us meet our audience where they are because we involve them in the design process. So co-design is really centered on the involvement of everybody, all those who affect and are affected by the consequences of design. And that involvement can be really the foundation, I think for valuable communication. So thank you very much. That's me and I'm happy to answer questions. Thanks, Sandra. Any questions for Angela? So in the meantime.