who will speak non-contact dissipation in quantum graphene. Thank you, so welcome back. So today we talk about free-standing graphene membranes. And in our measurements we are doing non-contact AFM, so it's a non-contact dissipation or non-contact friction. And we are interested in what we call quantum graphene. So basically we are looking at objects in graphene that behave as quantum dots, so it can be defect or it can be surface deformation. And we are using a scanning probe. And what is interesting is that with a scanning tunneling microscopy or STM, it has been shown that surface deformation, like here a puddle, can behave as quantum dots. So we can charge and discharge this surface deformation. So basically the measurements, it's the IDV. So here you have the density of state. Here you have the energy. And every peak you see in the spectroscopy is a charging event that occurs in this quantum dot. And this behavior, they can explain with these two capacitance model. In atomic force microscope, it's also possible to charge and discharge quantum dots. So here you have a semiconductor quantum dot, a channel barrier, and an electron gas. And the oscillation of the conciliver on top of the quantum dot is putting in and out the electrons in the quantum dot. And the system can also be described with this simple capacitance model. So in the AFM spectroscopy, the charging and discharging event looks like this. So here you have the force. Here you have the dissipation. And here you have the bias voltage. And what you see is that at certain bias voltage, you have a drop in the frequency shift that is followed with a peak in dissipation. And this is characteristic to electron charging in quantum dots with AFM. And when you do real space imaging, so x and y, you see that those peaks, they look like column rings. So this brings me to my outlook. So I will make a small introduction about our system and the sample.  So first, the typical dissipation experiment, and then how they behave in the magnetic field. And then I will do a small conclusion. So our system is an atomic force microscope, but our geometry is different. So we call it pendulum because the conti-level is perpendicular to the sample surface and it's oscillating like a small pendulum over the sample surface. And this geometry is to avoid the snapping of the tip onto the sample surface. And this enables us to use conti-level with low stiffness, so very small spring constant. So basically it's a contact conti-level that we use to do non-contact measurements and we have high quality factor. And these two parameters, they are the main parameters we can change to increase our sensibility. And if we compare it to different techniques, you can see that here it's the dissipation and here is the spatial resolution. In terms of spatial resolution, we are okay. And in terms of dissipated power, we can be very sensitive. So our system looks like this. So it's a beam deflection AFM. We operate in UHV and the measurements that we show you today are made at low temperature. And basically what we call dissipation or friction is the evolution of the oscillation of our conti-level depending the tip sample distance. So we set our conti-level to a fixed amplitude. So in this case it was two nanometer. So we make it oscillate to two nanometer and when we approach it to the sample surface, the interaction between the tip and the sample surface are dumping the conti-level, yes. And then we use an electronic circuit, the phase lock loop to keep this oscillation constant. So what she's doing is that it's applying an excitation to the conti-level to keep this oscillation constant. And then due to that we can get the frequency shift and the dissipation with this expression. And in real life it looks like that. So here you have the conti-level and here you have the sample. So our sample is a copper substrate patterned with holes of 6.5 microns of diameter where a film of graphene, a monolayer graphene was deposited on top of it in order to have a circular freestanding graphene sheet just like this. So before to do the experiments we wanted to characterize our sample. So we did STM imaging on the graphene that is supported on the copper substrate and on the freestanding graphene. So this is the typical image we got on the supported graphene. So you see that we are able to reconstruct the honeycomb lattice of the graphene just like this. And on the freestanding graphene, we can guess a structure underneath on the graphene but the main structure that we saw it's some surface deformation and the more prominent ones are these wrinkles and nano-ribbon-like structure with a width of two nanometer, yes, of two nanometer. And again we can describe our system with these two capacitance model. So this is the typical dissipation spectrum that we got. So the tip was 300 nanometer away from the freestanding graphene and then we apply a bias voltage and we looked at the frequency shift and the dissipation. So here you can see that on the frequency shift at certain biases we have a drop in the frequency shift that's are followed with peaks in the dissipation and this is what I showed you before that it's characteristic to charging and discharging events on quantum dots using AFM. When we take back this simple model we can wonder what is the effect of every capacitance. So this is what I will try to discuss today. So first we investigate the tip capacitance. So it's easy to investigate because we just need to change the tip sample distance and look what is happening. And this is what you see here in this map. So here you have the tip sample distance, here you are far away from the sample and here you are at the surface. We applied a bias voltage and the contrast that you see is the dissipation. So the black color is for low dissipation and the yellow color is for high dissipation and the curve, the white line here is the curve I showed you before. So what we see is that when we change the tip capacitance we are shifting the peaks to lower biases and this shift is called the lever arm. So basically with that we understand that the tip sample distance or the tip capacitance is shifting the peaks into lower voltages when we get closer to the sample surface. So the second question is what is the effect then of the substrate capacitance? But to investigate it we need to consider two capacitance, one capacitance for the geometry and the environment and one capacitance that is the quantum capacitance that can lead to quantization if the system enables it. So this quantum capacitance is described with this formula so here you have a pre-factor, here you have the quantization and here you have the heavy side function for symmetrization and what you see is that this quantum capacitance is directly proportional to the density of states. So we try to model this capacitance so with a different size. So here in the quantization you see you have the W, so the size of your graphene that you're considering and here we plot it for two size. The blue size is for 100 nanometer graphene so like a big graphene fake and you see that you have the normal V shape of graphene without any peaks and when we lower this size so for the orange curve it's for a five nanometer ribbon graphene and you see that we start to see peaks and those peaks they are Van Hoof singularities. So this is a strong hint to tell us that the peaks that we are seeing in the dissipation they are due to these Van Hoof singularities. So in order to verify this we try to model our frequency shift, our frequency shift data to see if we are able to fit these peaks and this position with just this simple assumption and then we then decided to fit the frequency shift because it's easier to fit than the dissipation. The formula is a bit easier. So here we have again a pre-factor and then there is two parts. The first part is to describe the charge in the graphene and its image charge in the cantilever. The second part is the interaction between the charge in the graphene flake and the polarized charge in the tip and the third part is to describe the parabolic background and it's also describing the interaction between the polarized charge in the tip and the back gate electrode. So here you have again this frequency shift. Here you have the bias and the blue curve is the dissipation. The black curve is the data that we recorded and the red curve is the fitting using this formula and for the quantum capacitance we use a width equal to nanometer like we found on the STM. And what you can see is that we are able just with these simple assumptions to fit the position and the drops in the frequency shift. So this is a strong heat to say that the peaks we are seeing in the dissipation they're really due to these Van Hoof singularities. And another remark is that you see that the drops in the frequency shift they're very small but the peaks in dissipation are very big. So basically what that means is that we are more sensitive to with the dissipation channels to these Van Hoof singularities than in the frequency shift. So now that we know how they behave at zero magnetic field we wondered how they behave in the magnetic field. So we did the magnetic field measurements by applying a magnetic field from minus two Tesla to two Tesla with a step of 0.12 Tesla and we apply again the bias voltage and here the contrast is again the dissipation. So dark blue is low dissipation and yellow it's high dissipation. And the first thing that we observe is that the peaks they are shifting to lower energies. And this shift is linear. So to try to understand this we use the semi-classical Borsam-Muffet phase accumulation model. So basically when you are at zero magnetic field the system is behaving like a normal quantum well. So you can describe it with this formula. So the wave vector is proportional to two pi n. And when you start to apply a magnetic field you start to accumulate the election in due to this magnetic phase accumulation and then you have this phase here that is added to the formula that is called the payer phase. And for the linear shift we believe that it's due to the linear energy dispersion of graphene. So when you put this into the formula we found that the S, so the sample bias is linearly proportional to the magnetic field and this is in direct agreement, good agreement with the linear dispersion of graphene. So what we did is that we added this payer phase in the model I showed you before to see if we are able to fit again the position and the drops of the peak. So this is again the zero magnetic field so zero degree for the payer phase. So we were able, I already showed you that we were able to fit the position and the drop on the frequency shift. And now when we apply a magnetic field just by increasing this payer phase you see that we are able to fit the position of the drops in the frequency shift. Just like this. So this looks like to be also in great agreement with what we believe. So that we are accumulating the charge with this payer phase and then this shifting to lower energy the peaks. So the last part of the talk is to see how the peaks looks like in the real space. So we look at the bias voltage where we have this dissipation peak and we do constant height imaging on this specific bias on the sample. And this is what we got. So you see that they look like the Coulomb ranks but they are not circular like we can expect to Coulomb ranks. They are elongated and if you put the STM image on top of it you see that this elongation is in the same direction as the wrinkle we observe in the STM images. So what we think is that we are charging these wrinkles and the electrons are confined along these wrinkles. And when we apply a magnetic field you can see that they have the same behavior as in the map I showed you. So they have, they disappear by increasing the magnetic fields. So to try to understand better this linear shift we ask our colleague from CISA, so to Ali to do some tight binding calculation to try to understand better this linear motion and this is a simulation. So you have the black feature, it's like a different wrinkles and he did a calculation with different shape and what he taught us and what it looks like going in on is that we have small objects that confine the electrons but this linear shift is due to a bigger structure in the membrane. So it's completely independent to the wrinkles and he's able, so here you have magnetic field, here you have energy, this is a theoretical bounds and the red dot, sorry, they are our measurements and you can see that with a bigger structure than just these two nanometer wrinkles he's able to fit quite well the position of the motion of the speaks. So that means that we have bigger structure that needs to be taken in consideration. So with that I want to conclude, so I showed you the pendulum atomic force microscopy measurement of a freestanding graphene, so we saw formation of wrinkles in the membranes and when we do dissipation measurement we see that we have two peaks that are due to quantum capacitance and we also saw that the dissipation signal is more sensitive to the vanavent singularities as compared to the frequency shift and we are assuming that we are confining electrons into the surface deformation and in real space they looks like coulomb rings along this specific direction and the magnetic field, we are inducing a pair of phase that is shifting the peaks to lower energy, this peaks, this shift is linear due to the linear energy dissipation of graphene and the tight binding calculations show us that we have a distribution of length scale that have different properties, behavior on our dissipation peaks, so basically we have small structure that behave like quantum dots and bigger structure that are shifting the peaks on the magnetic field and then what we can say is that the wrinkles don't really alter this linear behavior. With that I want to thank our collaborator from CISA and Ernst Meyer for taking me as a PhD student and all the other members of the group and the founding, so the ERC and the SNI and you for your attention. Yeah, thank you for your very nice talk. I was wondering, when you showed this magnetic field dependence with positive and negative field perhaps slide 11 or something, yeah, that one, yeah, okay. Oh, well, the one, yeah, this one. I was wondering, positive and negative field, are they different because of some reason or is that experimental error? We have a different strength of the signal in the positive and negative reason. Yeah, you mean this bigger dissipation on negative side? Exactly. This, I don't really know where this asymmetry is coming from but we think it can be due to different symmetry because we have wrinkles, so we have distortion at some part of the wrinkles in the system and then this can behave differently with positive field. Yes, but we didn't really investigate it. I actually had the same question, so. Okay. Could it be that the film itself is not symmetric? Is that it mean, it could have a polarization, for example, and the negative and positive voltage would do something different? Maybe we have defected, I think, because it's a bigger layer, so we have. But you have the layer on a surface, right? No, this one is freestanding. Freestanding, yeah, thanks for the talk.  We bought them, they're coming from a company. So they put it on the hole for you?


From Mohamed Sandousi, we moved to Kaduna State now, where the governor of the state, Nasser El-Rufai, was also at the prayer ground in Kaduna with assistant inspector General of Police Ahmed Abdurrahman. They both called for prayers for peace in Nigeria. We are working around the clock. The people of Kaduna State should know that a massive military operation has started yesterday in the state to clear our state of bandits. They will begin to see the difference very, very soon by the grace of God. But we need prayers for our leaders, for our soldiers, for our policemen and security forces that are working around the clock to improve the security situation. Working hard to improve the economy and create jobs for our young people. But we need prayers. Our leaders need prayers, our country needs prayers, and we all must commit to peaceful coexistence and progress of our country. We should repent and go back to Allah because what is happening in terms of insecurity in Nigeria, it is a reflection of what we do, which are wrong, which Allah does not accept. If all of us, including our leaders, down to those that we are leading, we will go back to Allah, things will be okay. Because you can see signs of frustration in the faces of the citizens. All of us are guilty. So we should repent to Allah, correct what we are doing, and love one another. This each should be a very good forum for us to go back to Allah and those that have, should have a large heart to assist those that have not. There is poverty, there is hunger, there is starvation. So if we don't help one another, then definitely we are not good Muslims. So my message is going back to Allah and repenting and helping one another. Together we will form a united ummah, which is very coherent in what they do and trying to see that they help those that are at the lower strata of the society. Hello, hope you enjoyed the news. Please do subscribe to our YouTube channel and don't forget to hit the notification button so you get notified about fresh news updates.


Oh, huh Stop stop How's it going everybody dato do it here with another round of dragon ball fighters ranked matches and this time around We're taking a team of Android 17 cooler and super saying Goku admittedly. I didn't put too much thought into the overall team I just know that it's been a very long time since the release of Android 17 and cooler So I thought you know why not play him At least it feels like it's been a long time anyway God, I could go for some new DLC. Haha. Oh Too short on the limbs. Oh That's bad. All right, never mind. He kind of just let us go there. Oh wow, that was very lucky Tackle him 17. Oh Let's go Starting off with a cool cinematic But yeah, like I was saying it just feels like it's been so long and I don't know if it's just because we have no idea what's coming next or Oh Good spacing or if it's actually just been a long time. Wow, very lucky on the guard cancel there Oh, that was so close. I knew he was gonna throw out the beam. So I did the beam invincible stuff Look at the beam invincibility by the way, I don't know if you guys are peeping this Regardless it didn't really it didn't really work out too well for me there. Oh The energy sword damn it. I was gonna I was gonna make some moves there with the tail Oh, we're actually getting switched out Yeah, you could tell he was gonna start mashing away on that square button. All right, let's get somebody less dangerous out here No back dash. Oh We in there. Oh my sweater weather. It's lagging bad. Oh Wow, okay, we're back down to three frames though. So you know, who's the real winner here? The internet connection. Oh defense on point Why oh nice dragon rush. Oh That one was to die for you know, I was about to hit those saucy reflects Wow, Vigito is just all over it today All right, we in there The real question is what what kind of okie do we go for uh-huh nice heavy there All right, we'll just keep it basic. Oh bad reflect. I didn't even get the the instant air dash off Level one to finish it. Uh-huh Plaint them nice. All right planting them. You got to start growing trees here eventually. Am I right? All right, let's try to cheese them with the sweep. Oh my god.  I was gonna say keep the change But no sauce again. All right two dragon balls left in play That's something to keep in mind. Oh We do get the same side though. That was saucy. All right, let's get that level three. I Think we all know he's gonna spark so watch watch this multi-dimensional tech for those of you They don't know what dimension we're in. We're still very much in our own. Oh Why do I always try to block a non-existent overhead? Every time I think they're gonna go for the stand especially in sparking. I always think they're gonna go for the standard stuff Proven wrong that's a do it proven wrong since 1982.  There's gonna be big damage. He's might get nice not gonna late level three of this All right get loosey-goosey boys. It's time to pop the sparking Behind the back. I didn't think you'd have time to land there Level three, that's bad news. Believe it or not.  We're getting juiced. He's there we go That's us. Oh, come on. I gave you another chance. You have to block that one standing Wow, we almost actually lost that I Don't even know what to say to that Deku scrub, I appreciate the name though. I Can't say that for a fact Am I the only one that didn't know what Goku I was hitting? I completely forgot which Goku I was supposed to be comboing. Oh Nice shoulder. Oh over here.  Oh, he didn't punish us for that Your boy is fast with it. Oh Darn they they got to make it so you can cancel that move faster That wouldn't be so exciting for 17 players all three of them. Oh Including me. All right. We guard canceling out. We want to keep the pressure. Oh The legs of justice they're out here. Holy just cut right through that other character So you're gonna switch it back out into 17 risky strategy considering I'm a taco you right now boy Oh Nice very nice no down heavy on our side That was supposed to be a 3h. Oh god, that was embarrassing 17 just stood there down heavy great stuff. I want to live I Want what do I got to do to live here? Tech it take a take a take it. Oh, yeah. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah, it's not pretty but we are out Okay, this is what I'm talking about. I Forgot I don't have a second but you see that's how long it's been. That's pretty cool though. Oh It's a nice back dash.  You better stay off that ground. Oh That was beautiful really, okay, that's I Mean it'll pick up the knockout, but I don't know that's pretty expensive Okay, really expensive.  We got to get these mix-ups.   So this looks like it's all Super Saiyan Goku for now. Oh That was beautiful.  Do I have to go on to 17? Okay, thankfully.  I should have just kept it to a normal route I kind of knew that it. Oh, thank you Super Saiyan Goku. Thank you for being up when we needed you most Okay Ah, this is not gonna work It does deeps but not this many.  Oh, yes Mama Mia, dude. Oh Bad move that was supposed to be a jump Drats dude drats. Oh big lag. I was like, wow, that's a knockout animation if I've ever seen one All right, come on Wait, I'm I'm the goku on the left. I mean right Wow These two colors should not be allowed to go against each other Yo, I I legitimately did not know what gokula was Hardy hard hard get your Dragon Ball Fighter memes in now while you can Do it while they're hot boys Hard knockdown. Do you think this man respects us? Can I get a one in the chats if he respects us because I'm about to go up and trample it No respect for the wicked dude No respect Come on, this is like the least respect you could give a man. Oh, where's our sparking? Oh Why did you throw a key blast? Come on, baby, that was beam range All right, two zero we're up to zero it hasn't been the you know the pixel perfect matches you want to see But they've been fun Wow, 17. Oh, we kicked them back to Super Saiyan God Quite frankly uncalled for Oh, I see I respect that. Oh, I don't respect that That's fine. He can't really capitalize off that. Oh Wow, that was cheap You need to super jump after that if you want that conversion. Oh, I thought he would try to fall with a key blast or a heavy Or something not just gracefully come to the ground Like he's just finished this latter half of a legendary ballet performance All right, 17's dead and quite frankly, I deserve that quite frankly.  I think that's what I've really noticed here 17 needs like an up-close You know like a Bardock or a Yamcha 17 ain't really feel well DP assist is okay. Don't throw another one. Okay, didn't oh Landed on the other side. Yeah, 17 really needs a Yamcha But who doesn't need a Yamcha to be to be perfectly honest who isn't better in this game with a Yamcha on their side It's getting pretty dire. It's looking like we might need to use the old sparking And we just got crossed up because he he ran under us Wow, that was that cross-up is putting it pretty light.  Okay, but let's get let's get it. Let's get aggressive. Oh my goodness Let's get aggressive throws out a down medium immediately counter sliding knockdown. Let's take down He's he's rushing us down. Let's let's give him back. Let's do the same Let's let's try countering aggression with raw aggression. He hasn't he hasn't reflected one. So I'm not afraid of that Let's go You want to guard cancel that's fine Let's go raw aggression I've never been so aggressive. Oh That's a that's unfortunate Nice raw aggression. How you feel with the beatdown coming at you? Oh No, I got hit that the true flaw in my play Wow, that's dangerously close to being death I mean not with just a level three if you had like three characters left that would be pretty close That's I think that's death. Hmm. I maxed out the damage credit card. Oh, yes, beautiful Beautiful, honestly How's that looking for you? Oh is your Tuesday free? Yo, somebody clock me in for a Tuesday. Oh bad move Wow, that's unfortunate. Oh, but he keeps throwing out these key blast Yo, let's keep marching down the field, you know, he's gonna wake up level three again What what why? That may oh Cross up.  Oh another beam No, no, no, no, no No Ney Ney, dude. Ney, that was so sad Guy almost got a tear out of my eye, dude 2,000 points 2,000 points.  Oh, wow, he's immediately getting out. I can kind of respect that actually. Oh, we got hit. That's not good That's actually not that's not the greatest source or source or Bad move bad move You kind of hope yeah, you kind of have to hope it just hits if you're doing that you which you shouldn't Because that actually leaves you a lot more open than I remember Look at that. That's why 17 is not the best character He actively pushes you out of range like no other character does that Yeah, sometimes it's the things behind the curtain But look at that range see that's a man's man's range That's a range you can take home to your parents, but also I I've lost the track of this game Okay unfortunate vanish Wow 17 that was not a performance. That was not a performance at all Okay, but that one was a little oh we don't have vanished wow that okay, so pretty much a low risk there and The wake-up kicks are back at action, baby You better bite that tongue Why we've really fallen apart, huh? Oh Okay, nope nope nope Turn around jumper kicks turn around jumper kicks. That's the Vegito special DP turn around jumper kicks. We got it by it twice. Oh Sometimes the correct answer is to mash. Oh nice down heavy. I'll give it up I don't know. I don't know what the strat is. That's conversion if he gets it right Time to spark. Okay. Nice Let's just try to keep up the pace if we if we get two characters down with this sparking. Maybe we can do something He's really not Blocking reactively. No, okay. Well now I'm the one thrown out key blast by accident That'll be sliding and oh wow. He's pushing me out of the corner I guess now that I don't have sparking left. Oh bad beam decision. He was running up on me Is that gonna hit? Yep. Okay, two two You see this is how this is where of the adaptation Turns into the unfortunate situation for me because now the opponent is well adapted and I'm out here floundering But we always go to three. Okay, we don't leave when the tide the tide turns Hell no because we about to adapt ourselves Let's go cooler cooler Let's go Oh, yes.  Oh No, our beam got taken out. That was my safety net.  My safety net has dissolved Beautiful beautiful beautiful can't take that one away. We got to get cooler out Yeah Yes, that's what we need to see right now Nice finish. I'll give it up. Uh-huh this barrier. Yo, now we're cooking with Gatio. Nice job team. Let's keep it up. Oh We could have punished that too cross-up Damn it never works Keep it fresh. Keep it spicy Nah, we don't get anything from that. No, no, no. Oh 17 Darn it. We let it slip. We let it slip. Momentum's gone. It's on his side now. I Don't know why he does that. That's just pushing us out of the corner. Oh that stabs us That could be death They're mine actually Now we're fine. We're fine Get off of me and never talk about this again DP. Yeah, and if you try to come close again, I'm a DP again. Oh, I got hit by beam All right, well he probably wants to switch out, right? No, where's the DP? Oh, where's the DP? Wow, America wants to know America really does want to know Hard knockdown Is he really not gonna respect me again? Last time he dragon rushed He's just an unreadable book.  I cannot believe he was just Doing that stop Bro, I'm gonna enjoy doing this.  I'm gonna get some satisfaction out of this one Finally the unreadable book cracks the unreadable book cracks and you can see the readable portion between 17 baby No, 17. What are you doing? Oh, come on Fine fine 17. I was gonna try to do something cool with you I was gonna try to do a cool little thing, but no fine. I'll take the win Alright, well that's gonna go ahead and do the be the end of this video We finished 3-2 and I'm not gonna lie. It was an uphill battle 17 the struggle Let me know down below if you have a favorite moment like always and also for today's video What are your thoughts on 17? What do you think they could do to make him a bit better other than that guys? While you're down there if you still like these range videos and you want to see more of them Make sure to hit the like button and subscribe it lets me know that you want to see more of these videos And that's really the feedback I need other than that guys I have a few other videos on the screen right now that if you're interested in feel free to watch I'm dr. Doia. I'll see you in the next one


The Partnerships of Academicians and Communities for Translation, PACT, is a pipeline designed to build capacity for community-based participatory research, CBPR, with the goal of increasing community participation and capacity. This pipeline consists of three key components, Colorado Immersion Training in Community Engagement, CIT, Partnership Development Grants, and Joint Pilot Grants. To date, 138 Partnership Development Grants have been awarded, 16 of which were awarded to CIT participants who then received Joint Pilot Grants. Additionally, 8 CIT participants have gone on to receive Joint Pilot Grants, while 10 have become trainers, reviewers, or members of the PACT Council. The pipeline has also seen success in terms of increased community engagement, as 14 people have completed the full pipeline from CIT to PACT Council member. This article was authored by Kaylee Rivera-Gordon, Mornel Tamoz, Mary Fisher, and others.


in this presentation we're going to enter the data from the payroll register for the last month of operations of december for the year and enter that information into the general journal to the general ledger and create the trial balance from it support accounting instruction by clicking the link below giving you a free month membership to all of the content on our website broken out by category further broken out by course each course then organized in a logical reasonable fashion making it much more easy to find what you need than can be done on a u2 page we also include added resources such as excel practice problems pdf files and more like quickbooks backup files when applicable so once again click the link below for a free month membership to our website and all the content on it so there's going to be a bit of a twist on this last one it's going to be much the same however a little bit different we're going to try to put this in a little bit faster focus a little bit more on excel as we format this last one we're going to start here on the register and note we're going to be on the data aim for november we've got the frozen pains and we've made it in green here so that we don't mistake where we're at in order to freeze the pains if your pains not frozen yet we're going to go up top to sell all the way up to a four a four then you're going to go to the view tab you're going to go to the windows group we're going to go to the freeze pains we're going to go to freeze it'll say freeze pains if your for pains aren't yet frozen whereas mine says unfreeze because my pains are already frozen so i'm not going to click once it's frozen however we should be able to see these top bar will remain as we scroll down to the current pay period we are working on that of the final month december okay so once we're there i'm going to make this green you can highlight the all your numbers there and right click and make them green if you choose to do so it probably doesn't matter because we're not going to move around too much once we're here then we're going to go to the general ledger and see if we can get our data situated there so that we can put this last few journal entries in and be good with the year it's a busy time here year in for us as we enter this last payroll period in december so we're going to select all the cells i'm going to unhide everything first and then see if we can situate things and then we'll hide everything once again when we're ready so we're going to put our cursor on the cell the drop down like this left click and highlight all the way to the left and then select the selected or right click on the selected area and then unhide that selected area then we're going to see all of our data here now we're going to go to of course our note i'm having problems here because there's also frozen pains here so the frozen pains can cause pain when you don't know they're frozen so you want to unfreeze the pains and then we'll freeze them again to to help us so we're going to go to the home to the view tab up top we're going to go to the windows group we're going to go to the freeze pains and go to unfreeze the pain and then we can move and then we'll freeze the pains once we no longer need as much movement so we want to put our information into this last data cell of course our journal entry is going to be much the same so as we did last time we're going to copy not the numbers but the format of the cells so we're going to say you know we're going to need this we're going to need this i'm not going to copy the last one let's copy the last one we'll copy the last one too so we're going to copy all that we're going to right click and copy and then we're going to put our cursor over here and right click and paste 123 123 helps this time the formulas only that means because we changed the the format type down here a bit and that's because there's going to be a slight difference in this final pay period meaning we've been running payrolls for the month and then paying the payroll the first day of the following month that's when we actually wrote the check that's when we're making the payroll if that's our system if that's the payroll system we're doing which means we're kind of more on a cash basis which is typical for payroll payroll will not line up specifically to our pay periods when we make financial statements it may not work exactly this way but we'll have some you know it depends on what system we're in but in any case we want to set up the payroll system to work as easily as possible for the payroll system not so that it works as easily as possible for an accrual accounting system and in our case that meant that we wrote the checks on the first day of the following pay period and we just did one journal entry at that point of time in order to process payroll now we're gonna have basically an adjusting entry at the end of the year because we need to have all the payroll in there as of 1231 and we're not going to pay it until January of the next year so what we're going to do is is we're not actually going to pay cash so the journal entry will be all the same except this account we're not going to pay it yet because we typically don't pay it until the the first day of the next year and we're going to keep with that practice and note that we don't want to mess up the payroll the payroll kind of usually is like its own function so we don't want to you know tweak the payroll process and make it more complicated in order to align with the end of the year what we're going to do is make an adjusting entry and then allow payroll to do what payroll does so to do that we're going instead of just paying the cash out here we're going to put it into a payroll liability account so that's going to be our twist right there that's the twist that we were looking forward to seeing so the liability is going to be the thing that increases and not the cash account I'm going to right click and paste that there everything else will be the same and this will increase now note if you're looking at payroll problems in a book then oftentimes they like to use the payroll payable account because it kind of tells you exactly you know what we're doing that this is a payroll journal entry so you'll you might see that on all all the journal entries and it just again it depends kind of how we're setting up the payroll process then and then we've got the payroll tax liability this one will be the same and note that the payment that we make when we actually make the payment then it's going to happen in January of the next year right this the the actual payment happened on January 15th even though the payment was for payroll period ended in the prior year for December and that's typically the case so when we do the payroll taxes and try to tie everything out we have to deal with that the fact that the payments are not going to be in the same time period typically as the payroll period for which they're being paid and that'll happen at the cutoffs that'll happen in December and and possibly in the first in January if we were doing a full payroll period we'd have to watch out for that kind of issue so we'll look at that when we do the when we do the summary documents so now i'm going to hide which will be the 941s and the 940 for the end of the year so let's hide everything to the left now i'm going to put my cursor on this x here and then we're going to select the data all the way to the left let go and then right click on that data and hide that data we don't need to see that data too much data be looking at it the same time so now we're just going to pick up our information here from the payroll register so we've got our our journal entry we're going to go back to the payroll register what we want to pick up uh well let's go let's look at it let's take a look at it we're going to go down to our last month here and we're going to start with total earnings we're going to pick up just just the same thing here we got total earnings minus all these deductions gives us the net pay so we'll start with total earnings let's go back to our journal entry that'll be an expense it'll be a debit we're in ab 5 we're going to put equals there and then select go back to our register and say we want this dark blue number the 48 7750 for total earnings then all of these are going to be credits because they're liabilities this is what we're going to be removing from the paycheck for the benefit of the employee and paying it to the government so in ac 60 we're going to say negative instead of equals go back to the register and we're looking for that oh asti which is right here in n 37 and enter we'll do the same for hi we're going to say instead of equals negative go back to the register and we're looking for hi n 037 and enter we're going to do the same for fit federal income tax negative instead of equal go back to the register and point to that federal income tax and enter group insurance we're going to do the same thing negative instead of equals go back to the register. Group insurance is nice to benefit. This is the optional benefit, remember, and enter. The union dues, we're going to say negative. Go back to the register, pick up that 16 and enter. The 401K or retirement plan, also a nice option to benefit to have. So it's good that they offer that. This is actually is a benefit to take out of a paycheck. And there's the $2,774.20. Now, instead of the difference being cash, the net pay, if I go back to the register, we see that the net pay should be the difference. That's what we're going to calculate, which you would think would be the paycheck or the cash that would go out for the paychecks. But this time, the paycheck didn't actually go out until January. But we owed it as of the end of the month and need to record it for this time period, so that our financial statements will be correct as of the end of the time period. So if we highlight the debits minus the credits, that's going to add up to $29.875.23. We're going to calculate that using our plug formula, which is the negative SUM. I'm going to use the keyboard the whole time here. So shift nine, hit the up arrow one time, hold down shift, left one time, and then up, up, up, up, up, up until we have the whole square. Then we could close it up. We don't need to, however, and we could just say enter and it'll close it up for us. As you can see, it put the ending brackets on here. So that's the 29.875.23. Let's double check that that is indeed our net check on the register. 29.875.23 looks good. Now let's post it then. We're going to go to account 502. Let's freeze the pain first. Let's freeze the pain now. So we're going to put our cursor on AD1, AD1. Then we're going to go to the view tab up top, windows grouped at the bottom of the ribbon, and then go to the freeze pain and freeze the pain. Okay, so then we're going to look for 502. Remember that's way at the bottom down here. It's down in the income and expense areas. It's going to be in the same area in the general ledger. So let's go to the rights. We've got the assets. We got the liabilities. We got the capital, capital, and then we've got the revenue and expenses. So we're down here in BM and BN. So this time it's going to be on 1231. Notice the difference in the pattern here. It's not on January 1st. It's on 121 because it's in essence an adjusting journal entry. And then in BN22 we're going to say equals. Scroll up just a bit so we can find our data and we're looking for that 4877.50 and enter. Now I'm going to put my cursor right to the left of the frozen cells and then go right so it should pop back over. And then we're looking for 215. 215 is here. Now we're going to record all these at the same time without coming back over here to the trial balance. So we're going to scroll right. We're looking for 215, 215. Where's 215? There it is. It's in columns AS and AT. So in AS18 we're going to say 1231 and then in AT18 we're going to say equals and 0.2 that AC6 and enter. Now we're looking for 220. That should be right next door, right next door 220. So we're going to pick that up in column AW and AX. We're in cell AW18, date 1231, in cell AX18 equals. And we're going to pick up the 697 for HI and enter. That's correct, right? HI. Okay, then we're going to go to let's see. Let's not miss one this time. We're going to go to the 225, 225. If we do miss one, that's okay. The double entry accounting system will let us know, but we'll try to get it right this time. So we're going to go on 225 and cell BE and BF. We're going to say 1231. And then in BF 14, we're going to say equals. And we're looking for that 225, that 840413 bringing the balance up to 840413. Note the patterns in our payable accounts here. It goes up and then it goes down. It goes up and then we paid it. It goes up and then we paid it. That should be the pattern just like it would be in an accounts payable type of account. So we're going to go then to 243. 243 looks like it's down here. And the date is going to be 1231 in row 25. And cell BF 25, we're going to say equals. Scroll back up just a bit. We're looking for that 243. We're picking up this 5,501 penny and enter. Okay, so now we're looking for 245. So 245 or account 245. And that's going to be in cell BI 10 date 1231. The amount is going to be equal to that 16 in AC 10 and enter. Now we're looking for 227, 247 in BI 25 date 1231. Then we're in cell BJ 25 equals and we're going to scroll up just a bit and pick up the retirement plan in AC 11 and enter. Okay, so now we're going to scroll back up and we just need to pick up that payroll payable account. So that one I believe is 213. I know it's 213, but it's to the left, I believe. And so it's down. It's going to be right here. So it's in AO, AO 24 AO AO. So that's going to be 1231. And then AP 24 will be equal to scrolling back up just a bit, we're picking up that 29, eight, 75, 23 and enter. So there is our balance. If we go right to the left side of the frozen pains and then go right, we'll pop back over to that trial balance and scroll down and see if we are in balance, which I hope we are. All right, we did it correctly this time. That means the debit's equal to credits with the green zeros. And the net income is affected here because the expenses went up. And we had to do it as a 1231 instead of January 1, which would be the normal routine in order to do an adjusting entry and pull this data into the proper pay period, the proper year for our financial statements reporting net income properly down by that payroll cycle and reporting the related liabilities. We need to do the same thing, of course, for the employer portion of payroll reporting the proper payroll tax expense in the proper time period and the liabilities related to it. So if we go back to our register over here, we're picking up now the pay employer stuff, which is the social security, the Medicare, the FUTA and the SUTA. And these two we've seen before because they're basically matching. We're going to record it again here for the employer portion. We already saw the employee portion coming out of the employee check. These two are employer only. Note that SUTA could have an employee portion as well. We currently are saying it does not here. It depends on the state. Okay, so we're going to go back and record this. It's going to be great. So we're going to be here. FUTA first, we're going to go to the liability side. We're in cell AC15. It's going to be a credit. So we're going to say negative instead of equals. Go back to the register and earnings and point to that OASDI. Then for the HI, we are in AC16. We're going to say negative. Go back to our register and point to the HI or Medicare. Now there's not going to be any FUTA or SUTA because that's been completed. So we can just put zero there. We don't even need the accounts. I'm just going to put zero there. We're not going to post it because we don't want to waste the time. We're going to be a little faster. So now we're going to do our negative sum formula. So negative sum is being the plug formula. We're going to do it all with the keyboard and shift F9 down one time, holding the shift down, right one time, holding shift down, down, down, down arrows three times. And we could close it up, but no need to. So we won't and enter. Okay. So now we're going to enter this data. I'm going to make it green just so we don't mix it up here. We only need these three. So I'll just highlight those three, right click on them and make them that light green. I'm picking up this light green right there. Nice light green so we can still see the numbers hopefully. So we're looking for 220. So here's 220 on the trial balance going to be in the same order on the general ledger. Scroll into the right to look for that 220. We've got the assets and then the liabilities. And then here's 220 of a FICA HI. Actually there's 215, oh 520. That's going to be all the way to the right because it's an expense account. And there it is 520, the payroll taxes. So here we go. Let's pick that one up first. That's going to be on 1231 in BQ 10 and the BR 10. We're going to say equals point to that 1507 93 bringing the expense up. Then we're going to go back to that 215, which is what I was looking for last time. And find the 215, which is going to be in the liabilities area. It's in cells or columns AS and AT. So we want to be here in AS 19 date 1231. Let's put it 1231. And then in AT 19 we're going to say equals point to that 810 81. Note the pattern. We got the employee portion the employee or portion from prior periods.  That's what it should look like if the pay rolls properly done. Hopefully that's what it looks like. So then we're going to go to the what's it 220. 220, which is right next door. There's 220. We want to be down here in AW 19 the date of 1231. And then in AX 19, we will say equals point to the 697 12. And there we have its same pattern here.  Okay, I'll stop. So then we're going to go back to the left side of the frozen pains. Click right one time and see if we're in balance. And it looks good. So we're in balance. And so now we've recorded the payroll expenses, which will bring down net income. And the prior transaction showed the payroll tax. Well, this one had the payroll tax expenses. And the last one had just the payroll expenses, which brings down net income. And then on the balance sheet, we have the liabilities related to both employee and employer portions. The part we took from the employee paycheck and owe to the government. And the part we took from our account and owe to the government our account as the employer I always think of ourselves as the employer when we work these problems. Okay, so then we're going to highlight this one. And ungreen I'm going to ungreen these that's what I'm down here. So I'm going to do that by selecting these cells at the bottom and we're going to paint brush it. So we'll go to the home tab. We'll go to the clipboard group and paint brush. And then we'll just paint brush these back to blue. Okay, then the last transaction notice I'm going to keep this one in January 15. I'm going to record it just so we can see what it'll be. And the reason we want to see it is because we're going to need it when we do the the year in documents, the 940s and 941s, we're going to need to know what we paid, we're going to need to know the payment to be able to apply it to the proper pay period. And that's generally going to be the case in payroll, meaning when we do the processing, we're going to we're going to do it a month later. So it's obviously we're not doing the quarter in payroll, right at December 31. It's probably going to be sometime in January that we process all this stuff. And therefore, we're going to know we've already we've already paid the payroll in January. And when we process it. And so we need to know what that is. I'm going to post it here. But we're not going to record it to to our trial balance, because this is our trial balance. I'm going to say as of the end of the year. So this is the end of the year trial balance. If we went to the journal entry for the next year, or the general ledger, we would see the data for the next year, which would include the payroll payment that we're going to need to apply to the 940 and 941s for this year's December's fourth quarter and year end of this year. So in any case, when we pay this off, the journal entry is going to include the fact that we're going to have to we're going to have to pay the FICA, OASDI and the HI. So these need to go down to zero when we pay it. So the debit's going to be 162161 for self security or OASDI. For HI, it's going to be 1394.24. For FIT, it's going to be 8404.13. And then the checking accounts going to be the credit. Now note, what we didn't do is reverse the payroll payable. And that's going to be done as part of the adjusting process. So we might have a reversing entry, probably would be the best way to do it as of January 1. We're not going to get into reversing entries now. So but we could do it. We could do it that way. What we're doing now is just the normal payroll processing paying off the liability so that we can report that on the payroll forms, the quarter leaves and the year end. So I'm going to do this with a negative sum and then shift nine up one time left one time shift left one time and then up two times just selecting that area and enter. So there we have it. Again, we're not going to post this here because this is just the data for the end of the year, but we need to note this so that we can use it for our payroll documentation.


This is TFNN the Tiger financial news network Good morning everyone looking at the one-minute chart We just went to the little x that I typed in here for retracement. I had a Chapman wave Low Tring gauge reading yesterday and that says usually in the morning on the very next day the dow goes negative It hasn't done that yet. This is a very interesting session because it was buying from earlier on and that buying has remained in place But just about the last 10 minutes or so. There's been some selling watching closely does up 64 30 802 got repelled yet again right at the 200 period expansion moving average It's going to be a peak a if there's no new recovery high today I think it's going to be a little tough looking at the SNP ESP axis trading up 7 it was up quite a bit more But it didn't make a higher high above the 50 period moving average yesterday And I like the Dow in this leg a to the upside At 43 64 it needs to hold the 43. I say the 43 52 area Otherwise will go quite a bit lower, but this is a little digestion a digestion Phase after a fabulous couple of days actually a fabulous Ready from last Wednesday looking at the QQ Q. What have we got here? We've got the QQ Q source of trading up and it is at 369.65 it did make a fraction of your high in leg B. That's very good action and it's up a dollar oh eight and Let's see where we've got all we're going to get to the channel we've inside track Repellent zone I'll draw that in for my show coming up the Tiger technicians out in a few minutes time Then check out my opening call my data news that it will actually be all long the queues and you're along the Dow on a short term basis looking at the IWM IWM You got the IWM making a new recovery high and it's up 170 That's from yesterday 176.21 up 24 cents Ha, that's the big issue gold is up and gold is up $9 at 1884 That's very good action But I would have expected from the dollars turn it down and the dollars down a little bit here is down 0.07 right at that really it's a key support level and we'll talk about that as I say when I get back the TLT Is running very nicely for a change. It's up a dollar 31.


Green Mountain Support Services to empower neighbors with disabilities to be home in the community. Major support also includes Washington County Mental Health where hope and support come together. Ala Israel. All people know limits. Hello and welcome to this edition of Abledon on Air. Television and podcast. The one and only program that focuses on the needs, concerns, and achievements of the definitely able. I've always been your host Lauren Seiler. Our leading is off today. And we'd like to thank our sponsors Green Mountain Support Services and Washington County Mental Health. We've asked to discuss many things with Green Mountain Support Services for this podcast. And the television program is Joshua Smith, Executive Director of Green Mountain Support Services. Welcome Josh. Thank you Lauren for having me back. And happy new year. Happy new year. And what exactly is going on this year with Green Mountain Support Services now that we're in 2020? So we're having a lot, what we're really concentrating a lot on is really doing a lot more promotional educational work of what we do. We've been around for 30 years, well 30 plus years, we've been around for 32 years. And a lot of the people that live in Vermont and around the area still don't know what we do. So we're spending a lot of time doing some, a lot of promotional pieces, a lot of educational pieces. Because ultimately what we do at Green Mountain Support Services is our job is to make sure that people are still at home in their own community. They're not segregated, they're not put off into some sort of segregated assisted living or nursing home situation. And we provide services for people with all types of disabilities. As we say, disabilities are people that are, you know, we're disabilities that people have when they're from birth. Through the happenstance of life we say that like for a traumatic brain injury. Or as we say you get it through the benefits of age. And I mean the benefits of age because not everybody and your viewers can probably think of 10 or 20 people just on the top of their head. A lot of people don't get to live long enough to have a disability through accidents or through anything that might happen to them in life. They don't get that benefit of being older. So the human body is very unique and it breaks down over time. So being able to, whether people have to start wearing glasses or hearing aids or walk with a cane or having memory loss issues. Dentures for. Dentures for say. So whatever the things that people will, if they're lucky, if they have the blessing of life or whatever, they will have a disability. So the point is that what we try to do and we talk to our employees, our direct support professionals, our shared living providers about that. As we say, you want to make sure that you're providing the type of services that you're going to want someday. So having a disability whether it be something that people are born with is that we all need to make sure that we're all treated with the same dignity and respect. That we would want to be treated. Because if we're lucky, we are going to be getting the same types of services when we get older. So that's that piece that we're really trying to promote and push is really telling people about what that type of service is for Green Mountain Support Services. And we really concentrate a lot on providing that community-based support. We want to make sure that it's actually in the title. Unless you need 24-hour care nursing, you shouldn't be in a nursing home. So being able to be sure that if somebody wants to stay in their neighborhood or stay living on their road, on their street, that they can do that with the help of us trying to find a good match for them to be living in their own town still. And with that said, one point about it, and people will always ask us, can I be a shared living provider? What does it take to be a shared living provider for my husband or wife? Or can I be a shared living provider for my parents? Can I be a shared living provider for my kids, depending on that? And as we say, a shared living provider is somebody who opens up their home. They get a tax-free stipend, kind of like a foster care setup. They get a tax-free stipend to provide a home for somebody with a disability. So the caveat is that a spouse and a parent cannot be a shared living provider. So for instance, I can't be a shared living provider for my wife. Because as a spouse, you are considered already a natural support to that person. Same thing as a parent. You're considered a natural support. But a child can be a shared living provider for a parent. That's strange. No, because if you think about it, here within our society, the expectation is a parent takes care of a child. There's no expectation that a child takes care of a parent. So if a child will take care of a parent, then what it means is that that child can be a shared living provider. That child can have their parent move into their home, and then they're able to provide them with paid services. We can pay them. We can pay a child to take care of their parents. We can also pay. So if anybody is talking about, if you're in a situation where you're around the kitchen table, what are you going to do with Uncle Nick, or what are you going to do with Grandma Johnson? So these are the conversations that, and if you say, well, we don't want to bring them into a nursing home. So maybe what we can do is provide, can they move in with somebody? That's when you can call us because we can provide you with that training and support to have, and that budget to have somebody have your relative, your grandparent, or your aunt, your uncle, or your parent to move into your home. You don't need to do it for free. So we're able to provide that services for you. So what is the type of use of that? It completely depends on that we call it like a difficulty of care. So there is a standard room and board that you get paid, which is the same across the board. But also depending on that difficulty of care, if you have somebody who's still pretty mobile that goes around, then their difficulty of care would be a budget, would be a lot lower than say somebody who needs help washing, they might need help moving around, they might be in a wheelchair, or they might need some assistive transportation challenges. Those are the things that we're able to, that difficulty of care would cost a bit more. Well, you have room and board if you factor in hotel. And by default it is on average a third of the cost would be for a nursing home setting. Nursing homes are expensive. Yeah, or a quarter of the cost of an assisted living system set up. So if you ask yourself, do I qualify for those services? If you qualify for assisted living, if you qualify for a nursing home, you qualify for the Green Mountain Support Services Adult Family Care Program. Okay, so since you said that, what is the difference between assisted living and shared living provider? There's a big difference. I'd say one is that an assisted living is basically going into like a dormitory. It's like at a university where you're kind of in this congregate setting with everybody else that fits there. And those are not everywhere. Those assisted living buildings aren't everywhere. You have to move to a different town if you have to. And you don't have that one-on-one support that you would have with moving in with somebody's home. So the benefit of moving in with somebody's home is that you're part of somebody's home. You have the benefit of having that one-on-one support because somebody is able to take you grocery shopping, you know, to take you to other places. And if you be able to have that individualized attention of going to your favorite church or going to your favorite coffee shop, or you would say, listen, every hunting season, I love going up into like the Johnson Woods and going hunting. I do that for years. Going fishing. You know, still being able to have maybe that part-time job at the hardware store. Or still being able to volunteer at the church seppers. You're still going to be able to do that in a shared living provider situation where you'll be limited by transportation and who is working what hours to come in and help you out with an assisted living situation. So I would say I'd put it this way, too. The benefit of the assisted living program is that you're surrounded with similar generations of people. So you can be able to be around people that have similar life experiences with you. But when you go into a shared living provider situation, you're going to still be able to tap into your social network in the same way. If you go into an assisted living place or nursing home, you have to then create a whole new social network of the people who are around you. Where if you go into an adult family care program, you'll get to be surrounded. You'll still be able to access and be connected to your same social network that you've always had. But like for example, okay, with direct care support professionals, they work in an independent or group home situation. Group home situation, they got assigned in, there's rules. So a shared living provider doesn't have rules? So they have to follow some very specific guidelines because you're still getting, it's a program you're part of.  So you actually have the same access and the same, the following as whatever those house rules are, for instance, too.  It's the equivalent of having somebody move in.  And the person has to pay rent and stuff. But all that's covered by the adult family care program because it's that room and board that's already part of that. So room, board, food, phone. It's whatever, it's the same situation if you're subletting a room with somebody else. And the benefit that you have with Greenmount Support Services is that we are, Greenmount Support Services by far has the most robust and the most progressive ways to support our shared living providers. And also the best ways to ensure that they're getting trained, they're getting training and they're getting support. Because we truly believe that the best way to support the people we provide services for is by supporting our shared living providers and our direct support professionals and our service coordinators. Fisch said that. What new things are happening for the direct care support professionals? Because one of the things that I'm finding, you know, I know that the direct care support professionals has the Facebook page. The direct support professionals, correct. DSPs. And I know the situation is that a lot of the people that work for these agencies who are DSPs, and since you're on the board of the DSPs, I'm going to ask you this. On the Facebook page they're putting, oh, they're not putting names and stuff, but I'm having problems with this client, that client, so on and so forth. Is this a counseling part to DSPs where they go on this board and say what's wrong?  Because isn't that breaking HIPAA when it comes to like? Was you talking about the Facebook group that's there? Yeah. So the caveat to that is that if it's a private group, you can say there's no HIPAA violation on there in a private group. If it was publicly set in a public place, then that's where you can have those HIPAA violations. But by default they make sure, though, that's just purely the HIPAA piece of saying people's names. They don't say people's names, they just say client, A, B. Yeah, and that's the point because I know the admins of that Facebook group are very good at deleting any posts that actually talk about, that mention people's specific names of people. So a lot of the things that you're seeing on there, and it's a great avenue, it's a peer support. The best part about those people sharing stories is about providing that peer support. Because I could say, and this goes into one of the other things that we're working on this year as well, is direct support professionals and shared living providers are unlike, especially here in Vermont, in some states where they have these, or some other agencies in Vermont who actually have these group homes, which for great amount of support services we don't believe in group homes. And why is that?  And so what it is is it labels people. And what we really need to concern ourselves about here as Vermonters and here as just as who we are is labels can quickly grow into a them and us situation and we don't like that. So it's we get to be, what's important is that we should be in charge of our own labels. We're in charge of what we want to identify ourselves as. Since you say that, Roy Gustenberger of First Person Services last week, I mean, we can happen a week and a half ago. We were talking about labels and labeling, you know, labeling medication bottles and not people. Why is it that people's perception of people with disabilities, they use labels sometimes?  He has that. Why are people going away from that? It's not it's not us. It's not up to us to label other people. It's up to people to label themselves to be proud. Like, for instance, five years ago, I never would have been labeled as a father and no one would see. If I walked down the street, people don't say, oh, there's a father of two daughters. They don't, they don't see. It's important for me to hold that title. It's important me to tell people about that.  That's not that's not up to me to say. Or I'm the guy that, or example, or I'm the guy that sometimes in the summertime, I got to take two or three showers to smell, to smell better. Yeah. And that's that point is that if you're able, if somebody else is able to, it's not up to other people to label somebody. It's up to us to be in charge of how we want to be, how we want to be perceived and what we want, what we feel is important to us. So, you know, I give an example of, you know, the one thing is that, and people who are self-advocates and advocates of what we do, of what they do, it's important to them. That's not up to me to say you shouldn't be labeled as somebody with cerebral palsy. That's up to them to say whether or not that's important to them to be labeled.   And no, the most important labels for her is that she's a grandmother. She's proud to be a veteran. These are the labels that she likes. But once a year, she'll go to that cancer walk because she wants to be surrounded by people who know what she went through. Her son and her daughter never had cancer, so they can't feel and support her on that. But it's important for her once in a while to be surrounded by that. So, an example, I deal with cerebral palsy on a daily basis, and I deal with epilepsy on a daily basis. People that don't deal with epilepsy don't know what I'm going through. They have to know, is that what you're saying? Yeah, well, that and plus we have to, if anybody is different, behooves everybody who is different to be surrounded by people that are different than them. Because when we actually go down the street, and so I love coming here to Montpelier, seeing people from all different walks of life, different backgrounds, different experiences, sharing the same streets with each other. It just creates an atmosphere of just like peace and hope and like that we all can learn something from each other. Everybody you walk past to when I came here for this interview, I walked past at least 100 people, and every single one of those people woke up in the morning and had something, everybody has their own story to share, and everybody has a different background that makes them different than everybody else. So, whether or not your difference is overt or your differences might be more internal, everybody has internal struggles, everybody has their own successes, and everybody has a story to share. So, the most important thing about that as we're talking about is that when you start segregating people from different group homes here and then different nursing homes here, if you start taking away people out of the main part of society, then you start creating this them culture. There's them, they're over there, they're over there. It's like the example I gave before, if you go into a restaurant with a deaf person, don't assume the person or the waiter or waitress. Don't assume the person can't speak, just ask him or her what he or she wants, don't assume. Right, and it's important that we all have the same accesses, we all can access the same things, which is important. I'll give you an example of that, is when I first came back from Doctors Without Borders, I worked in New Hampshire, and Roy was my supervisor, so I actually know Roy ahead of you. So, we came into a new office, and this was one of those epiphany moments for me when I started working in the field of disabilities.  So we have a lot of people we're working with who are struggling to learn how to cook. Can we on the weekends, with the people that we provide services for, have them come and maybe do a cooking class here in the office? And he looked at me and he said, absolutely not. And I thought it was a great idea, I'm like, why couldn't I do that? And he goes, where do you go to learn how to cook? And I was like, I guess I learned how to cook at home. I learned how to cook, how to take a cooking class, exactly. Just because people have a disability doesn't mean they shouldn't have the same access as everybody else. When you actually start segregating out people to have separate experiences outside of what everybody else is experiencing, you are creating a segregated person. Okay, everybody's normal, right? But what happens if a person with a special need, an example, I'm as normal as they come. Disability goes out the window a lot of times. I went to culinary institute of America in New York. I only was able to stay the summer. It didn't work out for me. So I got culinary training somewhere else. What happens with a person with a special need if something doesn't work out? That's the fact of life. Some people deal with it differently. It's also based off of what your support system is there. And plus, here's the thing, everybody learns differently. There's not two ways to learn. There is hundreds of ways to learn. So it's either based off of pace of how you explain it. It has to be maybe more tactile. How would somebody take a cooking class who's blind? How would someone take a cooking class who's blind? Somebody did master chef who was blind. So that's the point. It doesn't matter what, and as I say, everybody, and if we're lucky enough, we all will have a disability someday. And just because you all of a sudden have to wear glasses or a harder hearing, or you can't walk, or you have a traumatic brain injury, that doesn't mean by default you are taken away from society.  So it's up to those classes, up to those teachers, it's up to those schools. It's up to whatever that situation is, is to make sure that you are accessible for everybody who can do that.  Yes, I have. And then the uninitiated people would say, well, why would you put Braille on an ATM? It's not like, you know, it's not like people with, you know, that have sight issues can't drive. And you know, and that's the natural responses. People that are blind, I'm sorry, friends of, people that are blind, and I know a lot of visually impaired blind people, they fold their money differently. They're able, okay, this is a 20, this is a five, this is a hundred. And they know what they're handing them because of the way they fold it. So we're ever adapting, correct? Right. But I was going to say, but the point is, is that people who are visually impaired still are in cars. They might be, they're not driving with their passengers, and they still get to access the same things everybody else gets to access. So that's that caveat to say, it's that it's that the world that we live in should be accessed by everybody who lives in the world. And if there's segregation... It makes it worse. It'll always make it worse. Prejudice too. Yes, because you created them culture, and that's not what we want. We want to make sure that everybody has the same accessibility to everything that everybody else has. Including religious services, including, yeah. Everything. Now, there's a conference I know that's happening with the direct care workers coming up in 2020. They have them every year. They have the National Alliance for Direct Support Professionals. We actually end up have, we do have in Cleveland this, not Cleveland, no, it was in Cleveland last year. Pittsburgh, Philadelphia, I can't remember. So they have it every year. They have their National Alliance for Direct Support, the NADSP. So viewers or listeners, please check out NADSP.org. It's the National Alliance for Direct Support Professionals. And they are, they provide a lot of robust support and trainings and an education for direct support professionals. Okay. What, in terms of grimoire support services, okay. Anything else that's coming up this year that we should know about? We are, as I say, a lot of it we're doing is a lot of education pieces. We're doing a lot of, you know, as awareness trainings. We're, and that's what we're, that's our main focus this year. Can you describe some of them? Well, a lot of it we're, we're also promoting the E-Badge Academy. That's part of the Direct Support Professionals, the NADSP, which is a, it's a training platform for direct support professionals.  And I know we had that couple of our person-centered thinking trainings. Trainers in here, Brenda Donnelly came once to talk about person-centered thinking. So we're doing some trainings on that. We're also doing a lot of work with our, our, you know, therapeutic options trainings. So, and as I say, most of it is just to, you know, this year we're really just focusing a lot on the educational piece to let people know what we do. Because if you, yeah, if you don't focus on the educational piece and you go to try to find a job in that particular area, it's not going to work because you don't have education. Yeah. Yeah, and we're really working a lot on pushing our shared living providers, letting them know, giving them all the support they need, and letting the general public know that being a shared living provider is a great opportunity for well over half the population here, and they just don't know about it yet. Last year, I know we touched on it, but maybe we could touch on it again. Direct Support Professionals, as far as like, you know, naming the profession. Some places call it Personal Care Attendant, Nurses Aid, et cetera, et cetera. Can you kind of bake those barriers again? Yeah, as I say, it's, they're called Direct Support Professionals, DSPs. That's the title. That's the publicly recognized name. That's the name that's given. And, and I say it just, it's a, it's a B in my bonnet when I hear people call them different names because if you call them different things, it loses their significance, and it loses the, it loses the, the power that we, that they need to support and actually have that advocacy. It'd be the same thing if you call, if they call nurses different names, or lawyers different names, or, or, or take any profession, or teachers, calling teachers different names, is that if they, somebody calls them something else in one school and calls a teacher something else in the other, then it's hard for people to recognize it as a singular profession because every place is calling them differently. So I'm proud to say there's been, there's 16 of us agencies that do work with people with disabilities. There's 16 agencies in the state, and about, I think, five of us so far are actually calling them Direct Support Professionals, like we're supposed to, where we still have 11 other agencies who are still kind of struggling, not calling them by the actual title that they're, that they're called nationally. So, yeah. Okay. And, and, and ADSP has been around for how long? They've been around for a long time. Probably over 15 years or so. Mm-hmm. Yeah. But before that, we're talking about like, so, so there never used to be a title Direct Support Professional? No. There has been, but other, it's not known enough to where the other agencies know that that's actually what they're called. Okay. So they call them, I should say, personal care attendants, community support workers, caregivers, you know, personal service attendants or what, but the point is they're called Direct Support Professionals. That's the name, that's what they're called. Please, agencies, call them Direct Support Professionals. That's what they're called. Okay. So, being in Dennis 2020 and we're in this new administration. Yeah. With all the things being cut. How does it look for services for people with disabilities? You know, I think a lot of the people. Long and short of it. Yeah. The long and short of it is there's always, always self-advocates, parents and guardians. They hold so much power when it comes to advocating for services. Well, more than agencies do.  You're the equivalent of 20 executive directors in the legislature. I am. Your voice means more than, because if executive directors or people who work in human services go there and advocate for services, it looks self-serving. But if people with people that have disabilities and people are self-serving. Well, how else is self-serving if a executive director has challenges? How would that be self-serving? Well, if it's an executive director who's also a self-advocate, someone that has a disability, then that's good. But either way, it's the paycheck is that, you know, the legislators, the people that are in these committees just see it as self-serving. When you have parents and guardians and self-advocates, people that live with a disability go there and say, this is what we need. This is what we need. This is why it's important to us. That means a heck of a lot more than anybody who is paid to be there. I promise you that. I mean, yeah, we do it because it needs to be done. As far as the advocacy is concerned. Well, I would like to thank you for joining me on this edition of Ableton on Air Podcast and Program. For more information on Green Mountain Support Services, people can go to www.gmssi.org. Gmssi.org. Okay. So for more information on Green Mountain Support Services and what they do, go to www.gmssi.org. The number is? So, and also if you want to, you're more than welcome to actually, you know, we have two offices. We have an office in Morrisville, Vermont, and we also have an office in St. Johnsbury, Vermont. So if you'd like to, you know, as Lawrence was saying, visit our website. It's gmssi.org. Or give us a call at<PHONE_NUMBER>. That's<PHONE_NUMBER>. Or our St. Johnsbury office, which is<PHONE_NUMBER>. Well, I would like to thank Josh Smith again, Executive Director of Green Mountain Support Services for joining us for this podcast, this important podcast, and television program of Ableton on Air. For more information on Ableton on Air, you can go to www.orcamedia.net. That's O-R-C-A-M-E-D-I-A.net. And those that want to catch my column in the Parkchester Times, I know it's in the Bronx, but it's also online. It's able to speak up. It's a column for and about people with special needs and, you know, what different topics that they go through. That we go through. You can go to www.parkchestertimes.com. That's P-A-R-K-chestertimes.com. This puts an end to this edition of Ableton on Air. Again, our leading seller is not here today. We would like to thank our sponsors, Green Mountain Support Services, and Washington County Mental Health. That's puts an end to this edition of Ableton on Air. I'm Lauren Seiler. See you next time. But before we go, next week, we will have Chris Meredith and Haven and Judy Joy, and we will be talking about homelessness in 2020. Stay tuned for that. See you next time. Major support for Ableton on Air. Green Mountain Support Services to empower neighbors with disabilities to be home in the community. Major support also includes Washington County Mental Health where hope and support come together. Ala Israel. All people know limits. And the OSAM Group. Working to get better for you at any moment.