Let's get that color out. Let's get a color out. Let's get the color color What's up beautiful? How are you doing today? So I have a another beach fail video for you Yo, this video is brought to us by Chandra Leigh Lee. I don't know how to say your name because I don't know how to say any names I'm sorry. This is what her name looks like if you can pronounce it Cool.  I got a good one for you today. All right, so one more thing by the way I'm gonna fly somebody to New York give them a hair makeover make a video out of it. It's gonna be amazing So I'm gonna drop that video probably this week How you can enter to possibly come and get flown to New York and stay here and hang out with me So watch out for that video. It's coming this week, or I might just like integrate it into another video I don't know yet, but watch out for it. That's it homies. Follow me on my socials. There they are. Cool I'll be linked below too. All right, let's do it. Let's just get it started All right fam, I mean we're starting off with a rocky slate I Mean Kandra Kondra, I'm gonna be honest here. You have pink skin. All right here Kandra You got pink skin. So here's the deal when you got pink skin You got a usually, you know, you're gonna want to have cool hair. Your hair is very warm right now I see a lot of yellows a little orange in there It's not the cutest on your skin tone if you had cooler colored hair, you know look up my video on cool and warm tones Look that up on YouTube Brad Mondo cool warm hair. I don't know. What do you search like Brad Mondo? Best best color for your skin tone. That's what it was called Always thinking. Okay. So Yeah, I would definitely recommend doing a cooler color on you. The warm looks a little bit Drappy Sorry Okay Okay, we love a directional queen. Okay, so they're applying the bleach. Oh Mom's got some tech Nick. Wow Love technique. No, she's like serving technique right now, and I'm actually here for it The one thing I would recommend. Hey Kandra your mom Just tell her to take smaller sections next time and really work through But we love a section queen here on the Brad Mondo YouTube channel. So It's lightning Okay, Andra say Andra de Dondra Not the cutest look. No, I definitely seen a lot cuter. Um, but you know why she's not done So why don't we just keep watching I guess Queens going green. Okay. It's like an aqua teal aqua situation. I don't know. No, it's green. Okay What I'm gonna tell you Is that I mean your hair is already yellow So if you would have put blue over that yellow the blue and the yellow but a mix together and Created green by putting green on it You're actually adding too much too too much yellow in your hair because you already have that existing yellow And they're putting yellow on top of it because blue And yellow make green. So there's blue and yellow and green hair dye But if you were to just put blue on it, it would have actually worked out a lot better I don't even know what it looks like. So how am I supposed to know if it looks better? What Brad? Come on. Watch the video first. Oh Yeah, it's a player that color get it Kandra do that thing get your hair dye green and it's oh god I should never wrap.  Oh It's bad. It's bad. Oh Never tried that but I'll see Actually really bad though. I'm gonna be honest with you here. I know I'm never honest It's really bad Vinegar really weird just bleach it again your hair can handle it It was it's already yellow. I mean you should have bleached it another time. You should have got it White or like platinum blonde level ten before you put the green in so technically you could have just bleached out the green And your hair would have been fine. It wouldn't have thrown off your head and if you did it correctly which the likeliness of that is slim to none The Shadiest mom. Oh, can you Andra say Andra? Dee Dee Andra. Oh, baby. That is terrible She's like a seaweed queen now though. We love seaweed queens We do a little edit of seaweed on my head. How do I look cute? Is it a look? Let me know comment below. Um, see Okay, she got another video. All right, this isn't the end of it where she's gonna fix it apparently fix it Why are we doing box guys No, not the box die. Oh, this is a bad situation About to happen. All right. Listen, you guys already know I mean if you watch my videos a lot You already know how I feel about box. I mean how every hairdresser feels about box It's just the worst It just has a lot of ammonia in it and it's just gonna do so much damage for no reason At all I'm offended by this color going on Yeah, you did oh No on the top is like that green color done. Did you bad? My god, I'd be so stressed out if my hair looks like this. How do they not cry? I would be devastated Green wasn't the color for you anyways. It was The world Holding you back. It was like no, honey.  Yeah Oh the greens coming out love it the greens coming out. We love it the greens coming out We love it the greens coming out. We love it. Hey, let's get that color out Let's get a color out. Let's get the color of color color Tell me who has time for that nobody That's like I'm going through it and it's not me it's you What are we got okay? So looks the same Okay, looks Nearly the same. Oh god. She went through it and all she needs to do is mix a little bleach with shampoo and just Go like this and it would have came out all that green It really just sits on the top layer those demi permanent color molecules So you need something very harsh to just strip it away really fast I'm surprised that the color mover didn't do it color color Yeah, you could have done the same thing with just a little bit of bleach and shampoo like I said Just for next time actually hope there is no next time. Oh, okay. We got box dye going in more ammonia. Oh, it's dark Okay, I think she went through a lot of work To have brown hair. Just just me. Um kiandra. Whoa I mean you have brown hair now at least it didn't turn green From the box dye because usually when you put box dye a darker color over blonde hair It turns green because uh, there is a lot of green in a cool toned box dyes So usually it just takes hold of all that green and makes kind of like a muddy gross color So you got lucky. I mean, I'm happy for you. Your hair looks decent. All right I'm not saying it looks amazing kiandra, but it's decent. It's just it's it's about 90% better than what it was before. So So, props for kiandra props All right ladies and gentlemen that is all for the kiandra's video. Thank you kiandra for donating your hair To get ruined and then get reviewed by me even though you didn't know that was gonna happen It happened. All right. Life is crazy, man. But that's it. All right Let's stick with cool toned colors for you and let's not do green anymore Stay away from the bleach unless the professionals doing it. Yeah Kiandra, live your extra life girl. Keep being fabulous today's instagram shout out goes to Shannon, this is what she looks like. This is her instagram name. You know the Dileo, so she says hi. I'm Shannon. I butchered my hair with bleach five times in two weeks Shannon stop put the bleach down got it color corrected to talk to the top right And it now faded a bit to the bottom right would having a professional try to lighten it more to platinum Is that a bad idea? If I don't know Shannon work on your typing I don't know what you're trying to say here Okay, I think you're trying to say is it a bad idea to go get it professionally Lightened again, and if it is a bad idea, do you have any ideas what you should do? And she says love your channel so much. Thank you. Shannon. Love you so much. Okay, Shannon. Wow. You've been through it And back color correction looks really really good. Whoever did that did a really nice job Definitely faded to a not so pleasing color I don't know how long ago you did this But I would definitely say you can go back for more from this picture. I can see that your hair is still healthy I mean you have a lot of shining your hair. It doesn't look super damaged I mean, you know better than I do about what your hair is like in real life But if it is super damaged, then maybe consider doing some olaplex treatments or Some very reconstructive deep conditioning treatments to get your hair back in order And then wait maybe like two months from when you last did it I would wait and then you can go get it done again. So it's been that long or longer than yeah, sure You can definitely go do it again. I think you could definitely do it I think you would look so good with platinum blonde hair So go do it girl. Get it professionally done again. Shannon no more bleach at home We're putting down the bleach and I would love to see it if you get it done again and go platinum It's gonna look so good Shannon and if you guys are in the LA area definitely come and see me at beauty con You can come meet me you can take pictures.  So I'll be there july 14th and 15th Um, you can get your tickets. They'll be linked below. Thank you guys so much for watching today Don't forget to live your extra life and I will see you all next time. Peace


Hello everyone, welcome to NPTEL course on rural water resource management. This is week six, lecture four. In this week, we are looking at the surface water storages for rural water resource management. And we also are looking at the different types and issues. In the last three lectures, we looked at the different types and how water can be brought from a one unique system into the farm level. In today's lecture, we would look at the issues and concerns on it. First, very, very major issue is the rural to urban conversion of these water bodies, made lakes or tanks. It is such a big problem that a lot of the international bodies, for example, the UN water has stressed on the need for water while you urbanize. Urbanization cannot be stopped because everyone wants to be living in a sophisticated city with better amenities and facilities. However, the water takes a hit when you convert a region from rural to water, water guzzling urban cities. Let's look at some of the issues. Urbanization can be very, very important for understanding the rate of which the population is migrating and also how water and other resources are going to be shared. For example, if you look at this graph at the bottom right, you can see that by 2030, there is a tip where the rural population is going to dip, which means both the populations are increasing from your 1950s, and you could see that while it increases the population urban and rural, around 2020, which is now 2030, you would see that the rural population is going to come down and your urban population is keep on increasing, which is frightening because once that people come out, not the area is not enough in urban. So what happens is the land is being used from rural to be converted into urban. So when that happens, what are the negative aspects that can happen to water? Let's look at some. Physical expansion of urban areas is going to happen. As I said, the boundaries are going to be pushed, wherein rural areas are going to be converted into urban. Then, majorly caused by migration or concentration of periurban areas. So the periurban is a location between the urban and the rural. So you have urban area, and then when you come out of urban area, you have a periurban area and then a rural area. So majorly caused by migration or concentration of these periurban areas, which will be converted into urban areas. It affects the environmentally sensitive water bodies because a lot of land is going to be encroached. Land will be converted from a water body into a land for building houses, and there will be scarcity of water resources because there's a lot of consumption industries that may come. Lakes and tanks are already under tremendous decline due to urbanization. I will show a case study in the next slide. Understanding of issues, which is due to urbanization, could be if you have a better understanding, you could do better management of water bodies and preservation of the ecological balance, which is taking a big hit. Ecological balances, it's not only humans that have to live in this planet. Other organisms also have to live, for example, trees, birds, insects, animals, and is there water for everyone, is the question. When you start to expand and you can have a pump to access groundwater, but how can a bird take groundwater? So these kind of things, thoughts have to come while you do these urbanization. Let's look at the case study as I promised. We're going to look at rural to urban conversion of lake or a tank with a case study of Bangalore. So Bangalore is one of these cities which were very, very beautiful and it was called the land of lakes, land of water bodies, because a lot of water bodies were there. In fact, the Britishers used to build all these big parks and stuff in these areas because they loved the climate and the amount of water that were present naturally without man-made lakes. However, it has declined. Let's look at the timeline. In 1885, you can see the blue color as the water bodies and urban is brown. And then you have the green catchment areas or forest, etc, etc. And you have, this is a study area by, a study by Uly Kishnam Natal. It's striking to understand that when these mega metropolitan cities were there, it was only four when I was in school, for example. It was Delhi, Mumbai, Calcutta and Chennai. And these were predominantly based by the Britishers because they had a port, except Delhi. Delhi was the kind of a capital place where they ruled everything. But the ports were very important, Calcutta on one side, whereas Mumbai on the other coast and then Chennai right on bottom where it can travel to any other location. So these were the major cities because of the British. However, due to some infrastructure change after independence, after these IT boom, a lot of urbanization has happened. So let's look at how that has compromised the water bodies and the green cover in Bangalore. So 1885, a lot of forest, a lot of green cover. And you also had, in between, there was a lot of good vegetation and forested cultivated areas, both agriculture and non-agriculture in green. And you saw a lot of water bodies, which is very healthy. In 1935, what has happened is the city began to expand. The urbanization picked up, which is the light green or brown color. In 1973, it just boomed. So all this land was taken up apart and then most of the lakes are already gone. So these small, tiny lakes that you see have been converted from a rural setting into an urban setting. Because initially, these were, even though there's a city and a continent, these regions were rural areas. That is why you have cultivation, which is green. However, when the cultivation land was converted to an urban land, which is happening here in small pockets, but here totally all the cultivated land is gone, you have left only with urban and the water bodies shrunk. So only some, it was pushed, the agriculture was pushed to the outskirts of the city. Now in 2014 and the current era, you would see that totally all this agriculture is gone. So only very, very, very small pockets. It's very negligible. And the size of the lake has shrunk because the land under the lake has been used for urbanization. Just look at this lake, for example, I'll put my pointer. This lake, for example, you could see that it was a big water body and then when urbanization starts to happen or this rural area, the cultivated land changed into urban land, slowly the lake size came down. And here it's totally gone. More bad is that the land has been converted into an urban setting, a house, for example, or an industry, a mall, building, etc. So this is not sustainable. This is what we're trying to say that because you did this, now the water volume is less, how much water is stored is less, and it affects the ecological balance because birds, fish, animals are not going to come and the trees are not going to grow. So all these have been disturbed by the unsustainable urbanization. You could have urbanized part of the city and part of it could have still been kept like how the Singapore model is. However, it was not planned well and it just went in. Moving on, so what are the major issues because of this? Continuing with the issues statement, a lot of issues is not just because of improper planning, but a lot of illegal activities starting from encroachments. The water bodies like tank bed and water spread area are encroached, which means the tank bed where the water is to be coming and stagnating or kept as a storage is drained and that land is converted into a house or a flat, for example. So when you take that land, where would water go and water will not even stay? So just able to run off. So the tank bed and water spread area has been shrunk and converted into an urban land. The feeder channels, the channels you remember where from a lake, from a water body, there's water feeder channels where it takes the water to the agricultural field. All those are being blocked now. So it is inadvertently like when you block these water sources, then the agriculture cannot happen. I also be happy to draw it for you. So we had, for example, this is the water spread area and then we had the other area which is the catchment area on the top and then the feeder networks which come and give water to the land below due to gravity, for example, and these are the land which are getting the water for agriculture. So if I encroach this land, first you're encroaching this land, okay, so you cut down the water already, tank bed, etc. has taken away. Now what you do is you stop and encroach the feeder channels. So for example, I build a house right along or on top of the channel. I just put sand in because those land are no one's land, the government's land. Right? So if you stop this water and then build all this with house, then this farmer will have no water. So the farmer, what will happen? He or she will wait for a couple of years and then sell it for urbanization and leave, migrate. Dumping of waste, choking of feeder channels also happens.  All this is to be avoided and stricter rules and regulations have to come, but it's not happening. Changes in catchment area characteristics. So how does this change the characteristics? Bifurcation of the catchment area is changed, okay. The line which says this is the water spread area is very, very not strict because the water can go up and down based on the rainfall and the water coming in. So that line has been pushed and encroached. Land use, land cover of catchment area has seen considerable change because of urbanization, especially conversion of agrarian land used to urban land use. The agricultural land has been converted to urban land, increased runoff. When that happens, when you convert an agricultural land to a cultivation, to a urbanization land, what happens is the runoff increases because you're covering cement on top of a soil and when water hits, all of the water goes as runoff, floods, etc. And there's no water to go into the groundwater and recharge and come back into the water bodies. Reduction in percolation. So as I said, if you cover it with cement, water doesn't go in and doesn't go into the aquifer. So all these are covered and led by the urbanization. Let's take a data, for example. I'm putting together a map to show you where exactly these changes happen for Bangalore. We'll stay with Bangalore in this example also. So this is images from the Google Earth where it is a composite of images from satellites. The best image will be shown by Google Earth. It's free, so anyone can use it. Please go ahead and see how things are for this lake. So let's take this lake. And in 2005, this is the water spread. Let's not care about what was before because maybe we don't have the data to look at it. Just let's look at 12 years how it changed. The land around it is partly agriculture and you have some urbanization here, some urbanization here. But within that 12 years, what has happened is all these lands have been converted from agriculture to urbanization. So you're converting from rural to urban and this water body which was supplying water for agriculture is now converted to an urban lake. An urban lake has its own problems. If you look at the catchment area on top, you see that all this area has also changed, which means the water quality coming into the lake will change. The water use is different and you could see that a lot of impurities are coming into the water. Consider the Rampura Lake. So this is the Rampura Lake in Anglo. The land use change has happened already. You could see all this land which were agriculture and stuff has changed into urbanization and also along the sides where the water is used for agriculture. So now if there's no use for agriculture, the domestic, you don't need such a big lake. What they do, they just cut down the lake into a smaller size and then remaining land of the lake is sold as urbanization. Utilification of the lake has happened because a lot of impurities have come in, a lot of nutrients have come in and so the plants inside the water have started to grow uncontrollably. When you had this ugly culture, the water would refresh fast because you pump it out. You then have another rainfall which brings fresh water. But here, utilification happens. The water turns green in color. So you can see how the water is turning green. No one is going to manage it. They don't care because they're happy with the ground water recharged from the lake, which is at a better quality than the lake water. However, the water quality on top is getting bad. Reduction in fresh water storage. The lake area has come down. We'll see that because of this utilification and urbanization. Increase in sewage disposal in the water. People have started to use these as sewage disposable things because when you built an urban area and a rural land, there's no pipe connection to take the sewage out. So what do they do? They just put the sewage into these lakes. And if you look at even big cities like Chennai, look at the Kuom River. The river was supposedly a good clean river. But when the urbanization happened too much, too many houses and etc were built, sewage started mixing into these rivers. And this is a common in many, many, many cities in India. You go and see the surface water in Mumbai, Kolkata, etc. It doesn't look good. And increase ciltation. Because you increase the runoff, there's more sand and sediment which is picked up by the fast water and deposited into these lakes. So the whole what has happened is the lake size has reduced and the land that has been used once for agriculture has been converted to urban. Both because of greed and also because there's no water to supply and maintain these agricultural lands. So the lands have been converted. Let's look at specifically the water quality issues because of organization. So as I said, when you have urban setting, there's other type of runoff which would come. In an agricultural field, when rainfall happens, it goes on top of the crop and then some fertilizers, soil is washed into the lakes. But now think you can cover the land with cement and cars and industry is present. When that happens and sewage is mixing, when rainfall happens, all these impurities on the road is now washed into the lake and that is not good. Because the lake was not supposed to be taking all these bad chemicals. For example, the car oil is carcinogenic. So all the oil spills you see on the road, a lot of oil spills because of traffic, all this now is washed into these lakes. So let's look at the water quality issues. Entry of sewage is happening both legally in terms of you have a legal connection and from the legal connection, there could be a spill into the lake. And illegal is more important, more permanently doing because people just take the water, sewage water and push it into these lakes. Utilification of lakes and tanks. Utilification is the place where a lot of too much of plants and water species grow and deplete the oxygen content in the water and all the rest of the living organisms like fish and insects die. So once these chemicals get into this water, some plants grow very fast and too much. When they grow fast and too much, eutrophication happens. The quality of the water body is so bad that the plants will survive for some time. It kills all the other organisms and the plant will also die. Presence of contaminants above allowable level, if you look at the central position control put CPCB data, most of these lakes, the urban lakes have really bad water quality. So those lakes, which are initially for swimming and drinking etc., now is reduced to nothing. You cannot do anything with this water. Same for the water, river waters I've mentioned. Impacts aquatic life, if you could see the fish all dead, froth forming, catching up fire, etc. So this froth is because of the chemicals that are mixed into this lake water, which is freshwater and with agitation and stuff, the froth forms up. So all these are bad and eventually it impacts the contaminational groundwater because groundwater is recharged from the lakes. At first some instances, it won't affect the groundwater. Why? Because the sand under the lake, the sediments, etc., will filter the water. But for how long? The filter has to be changed and that doesn't happen in natural setting. You cannot take the lake out, take the sand, put a new sand and then the water is clean. So eventually, with 5 to 10 years, the pollutants will start to move inside to the groundwater and pollute the groundwater for good. More issues are conflicts between users, which is traditional Avnipur versus recreational. For example, when you convert a rural area lake into an urban lake. Part of it is still rural. Let's take this example from Rampura. You could see that yes, all these adjoining areas have converted into urban, but there is some area still using the water for agriculture. So there is a conflict between the traditional water users and the new water users, which is urban, where they use it for recreational, boating, fishing and walking, those kind of things. They won't allow the water to be taken out for agriculture. Alienation of traditional communities. And because urbanized power has money and influence, they start to push the rural people out and traditional communities out of this system. So the same water which led to the urbanization now would lead to pushing the farmers out and cutting down the supply to their agricultural fields, thereby them selling the water and land at a cheap price and leaving the space. Migration. Change in governance of lake is very, very important. So initially, the lake was governed by rural rules like agricultural irrigation department. But now since it's urban, it comes into the urban department. So one lake is now going to be managed by multiple agencies such as the urban industry or the agricultural irrigation department. Overlapping and fragmentation of rows. How many people can manage one lake? So there will be overlaps and then there's issues in sharing this duty between the government officials and at least two resource constraints in monitoring and upkeeping. Because when there's overlap, no one will do it. It's not like two people are going to solve the water body issue. So when one person says, why are you into this? Because I'm from rural and you're from urban, both of them won't work on it. So there's resource constraint in monitoring and also upkeeping. Data on this water lake quality area is very, very limited and then needs more and more research. This is not in only one location which is Bangalore. It happens across India. With urbanization, the water qualities are going bad. And look at the population of urban in India. You could see that in 2011, it was 377 million and by 2031, which is in 20 years from 2011, it almost doubles itself, 600 million. The number of cities also expands from 50 to 80 to 7. And the level of urbanization is from 31% to 50% of the country. And if you look at the water quality issues in all of these areas, it's not good because all these lakes and rivers are polluted. You can just have it for watching, which means that creationally, you just go there, put a boat, maybe sit and watch the water, that's it. It's not for consumption and it's not for agriculture. So look at the loss in water bodies, water spread due to urbanization. And the worst case is Delhi with 24, 62% loss and projected population is in 24.4 million because of the increase in population. The area of your water bodies are coming down. As we saw, Bangalore is the most highest with 79% along with Surat. Sorry, Surat is 95% much more higher than Bangalore. And then we have Kuala Lumpur, Mumbai, etc. Mumbai is different because Mumbai already is fully expanded. There's no more lakes. So when you look at from 2011 to 2031, it's not going to happen much difference because it's already fully organized in terms of taking away the lakes. And that has a correlation with the number of floods that happen. Look at how many floods which are happening in this part of the urban cities. You could see that the major floods are in places where they have converted these local lakes and tanks into urban. Because you do that, the flood water cannot stay in one location. It floods the entire city. Chennai is notorious also. So Chennai, a lot of floods have been recently visited. But more important, it is Mumbai. Every single year it floods. The drains are there. The urban situation is there to tackle. However, because of depleting all your water bodies, there's no space for the water to go. Yeah, you can have drains, but the drain has to take the water out of the cities, which happens at a very slow time. So there's the increase of flash events, which is flashy means instead of water hitting the surface and slowly converting it to runoff, it happens at a very, very fast pace. There's loss of livelihoods for the poor community who are disconnected. They don't have access to water. And so they don't have their livelihoods. It could be even fishing, for example, who depend on fish reduction in groundwater recharge. If you cut down the lakes and water bodies, the amount of water recharge is also going to be cut. And the impact on water security is also bad because the water security means certain amount of water is available for everyone, which is now lost. So this all combines to say that the issues are multi-pronged. It's not only one lake, which is only looking at agriculture, water demand, but there's other things which are lost like livelihood groundwater and water security. Most importantly, the public health issues. When you pollute these urban lakes, then it is a breeding ground for dengue, malaria, mosquitoes. It is a breeding ground for VVDs, vector-borne diseases. So it is very important to make sure that you convert it to urban very sustainably, keeping all these agricultural entities and water bodies as pristine as possible, which means you don't disturb those ecosystems, keep the water coming into the lakes, keep the water using it for rural areas, and then have a balance. In those days, urban cities had all the environment, so for entertainment, etc. So people pronged and then came down to the cities. But now everything is available. Your TVs, malls, etc., etc., the quality of life is good, but still that urban craze is there. The price of land is there. So everyone wants to come and stay in the urban cities. Good schools are also available in villages now. Good hospitals are available, but still the migration happens. And that is leading a considerable impact on the natural resources. And of the natural resources, water takes the biggest hit because not only the area is shrunk, now the water, whatever is shrunk, has to cater to the public domestic use, which is not going to be enough. And when it's not enough, what happens to the urban? More water is procured from the rural areas.  At the end of the day, water is brought from rural areas into the cities. For example, Mumbai, when Mumbai big water crisis happens, we have to take water from the neighboring districts, especially rural districts of Pune. So these things are not sustainable for the long run. We have seen how water starts from rural and you captured it from rainfall, put it in these soil structures, and then slowly it can convert from rural to urban setting and then actually disturb the entire system. So there is need for data for monitoring. There's need for data to look at the areas and how they change. And these things we will look at in the next class. With this, I will stop today's lecture. Thank you.


You're welcome back. Well, Annex conversation is about what is really happening now. The campaigns have been flagged up by many of the political parties. We are in the campaign season from now till February 2023. So politicians will be standing before us and making promises most of which people say they have not been able to keep over the years. And so what is the way forward? And that's why we're being joined at this moment by a legal luminary by the name of Gide Onugo who is going to be talking to us. Whether we should, there are ways that we can hold our political leaders more accountable than we presently are doing. Mr. Gide, please, we are pleased to have you join us. Good morning and welcome to the run-up. Thank you very much. It's my pleasure to be here with you. A lot of schools of thought have come up to say that until we begin to hold political office holders accountable to the promises that, you know, they easily usually make during campaigns that development and progress and would continue to allude Nigeria. And what do you make of this idea? It's a very wonderful statement and absolutely correct. Well, let's start from this question. Who holds them accountable? I mean, basically and evidently too, Nigerians have not hidden their feelings about the absence of good governance in this nation. People have taken weeks, they have protests, different kinds of criticisms, but we need a system that we give us accountability, which is one of the, you know, the tenets of good governance. And this system, interestingly, resides in the government itself. And permit me to use the case of the United Kingdom. You saw that recently, Boris Johnson, the former prime minister, was edged out of office. That is accountability. And it was the system that made that possible. A system where some of the parliamentarians started resigning from office, irrespective of the fact that some of them were in the same party with him, claiming that this is not what we promised the people. But do we have such in Nigeria? So even when recently we've been having revelations that we are suffering from oil theft, that some have installed high-capacity facilities to steal our common wealth. You know, the next thing we had is that the law enforcement agencies that should help us to preserve some of the subject matter evidence and exhibits when to set the ship on fire. So is that a system controlled by the citizens or by the government? So I am of the position that we have not been able to establish a system that we ensure accountability. And when you talk about the tenets of good governance, you have transparency, you have integrity, you have respect for the rule of law. And you have responsiveness to the yenings of the people. You know, you have effectiveness and efficiency. And of course, absence of corruption and wrongdoing. And permit me to quote section 15, subsection 5 of the Nigerian Constitution, 1919, as amended. It says that the states shall abolish all corrupt practices and abuse of office. So that's the system we are talking about. So when we make reference to the state, they're still making reference to the government. So what kind of government system do we have in the nation? Is it a government that is permissive to corruption or a government that France had corruption? Look at insecurity, for instance. We need a system that we grant several tolerance for kidnapping and ransom taking and the killings in the country. And in comparison, even in West Africa, the other time, the headers were trying to terrorize Ghana. And an instruction was given that you shoot at sight, you know, and they had to plead to take their cows out of Ghana. That is a system that works. You see, and then when, at a point in time, there was an argument about population of ammunition, these ammunitions were brought in from Libya. I mean, that may be a correct statement to make. But why were they not taken to Rwanda? Why not to Ben-A-Republic? Why not to Ghana? Why Nigeria? So we are yet to establish a system that is cleansing in nature and that will set us in motion for development. Well, the worrisome thing is of all the things that you listed as being part of what could be called a system. Integrity seems to be the only thing lacking in Nigeria or at least one of the greatest things that are lacking in Nigeria.  Because that is where we are right now. The laws people have argued are very good in Nigeria and every other thing has been put in place. But the respect to these laws and following due process is what is lacking and that boils down to integrity. How do we correct that? You know, for the purpose of an argument, it's all about leadership. You know, because the leader is expected to have a vision and to keep people in the direction of that vision. And brilliantly enough, when this current regime was coming into office, one of the key factors that persuaded people was that the president was a man of integrity.  So if the man of integrity promised to deal with insecurity and restore security, to deal with corruption and restore righteousness, and to revive the ill in the economy, and years down the line, he has not been able to do that. We need to find out what the true meaning of integrity is. And you see, some are quick to blame the citizens. And responding to such an approach to what we have in Nigeria, I want to ask what is the essence of leadership? If not to set the pace for an enhanced experience by the citizens to improve on the quality of life. After all, we have in section 14, subsection 2b of the Nigerian Consulate National Assembly, that the security and the welfare of the people should be the primary purpose of government. So if you are stepping into that office and walking with the MDAs and the citizens by extension, who have given you the mandate to deliver, then you must be seen to deliver on it. So it's not just about promises. You must promise and act on those promises. And if we bring it to the business environment, there is what we call requirements on investment. If I have invested to billionaire in a business, then maybe at the end of 12 months or 24 months, I need to sit down with those who are driving the processes that, hey, how far have we gone? And what is expected really is that there should be some profit. Even though there are other elements of business like growth, survival, you know, staff satisfaction and corporate social responsibility. But the key point here are returns on investment. And if today, for example, the total in-depth insert of Nigeria was about 12.12 trillion naira in 2015, if today it is 42.8 billion naira, then we should be worried, you see. And they, obviously... We seem to have lost the signal there, but we're hoping that we can get him back. Baistajide will be talking to us when we are able to re-establish that connection. But he said some things about the fact that citizens need to sit up as well and all that. But our laws, our laws, a lot of people even in the legal profession have argued that our laws are very good. And people who have also compared our laws, the laws of Nigeria to laws of other countries, say the laws are good. There's nothing wrong with them. But though a lot can still be done, because in every country, improvements can be done. Mr. Jide is back. Okay, Mr. Jide. Can you hear us? Yes. Earlier while you were talking, you said it boils down to leadership. And then when you went ahead and you kept talking and I could deduce that leadership probably might not be enough. If people in power are not able to bring this to the point where it is supposed to boil, what do you think the people can do differently? You know, I have had to talk about this several times and permit me to also bring an illustration. Travelling from Nigeria to New York City, we had a stopover in Abu Dhabi. Then from Abu Dhabi, we linked another aircraft to go to New York City. My sister, my brother, I did not even meet the pilots that flew the aircraft. But I met the air hostesses attending to us. And in an average flight, you have aeronautic engineers, you have at least about two pilots to support one another. It's not my business to now say I must see pilots before I enter the aircraft. There is somebody taking leadership as a captain, taking leadership of a safe flight from Nigeria to New York City. And that is what we are talking about. But he is not expected to walk alone. So and that is what I'm saying. But by and large, particularly in Africa, we have discovered that we have a central figure that is so powerful and may not be subject to control. I gave the case of the UK earlier. For instance, sometimes when you see the parliamentarians grilling this man in the house, you wonder that is he their house boy? He looks intimidated. Or can you say the same thing about our country? So you may find a system that has been shielded from people demanding accountability. Let me say, I quite agree with you. If you look at section 14 to section 16 of the Nigerian Constitutional Amendment and some key provisions there, if these provisions are implemented up to 40 percent, Nigeria may be the seventh richest country in the world. But they are not implemented. So who will take hold to accountability? Recently, contaminated fuel were imported into this country. Is it the role of geologists who go and prosecute those who imported them? Two are imported. Recently, these governments say that they have identified about 400 sponsors of Boku Haram. Am I the one to go and arrest them and bring them to justice? Is it not a system? We have over 40 law enforcement agencies. You see, now we are talking about oil debt. So these oil debts are spiritual beings from another planet. These are the issues. So we are yet to have a government structure. And when you have that government structure, it should be easy for people to move in the direction of being patriotic. I mean, we have examples around the world.  There's a system that forbids you that wants that environment to be clean. There are ways of doing business. Rwanda in Iceland, in Netherlands, the UK, in the USA, in Australia, in Canada. So things work. I mean, if there is a system that our leaders run to for Medicare, then something should tell them that we can also replicate the same in Nigeria. So, except we are now saying that government has no responsibility, then you are throwing it back to the people. And at that point in time, you should expect anything. Perhaps that is why we have lawlessness. I took the pain to find out what the definition of a bandit is. A bandit is an outlaw operating in a lawless environment. I will now say in Nigeria it's a lawless environment with all the documented laws that we have. So we are yet to put in place a system that runs. Amid me also to make reference to what happened most recently. The remaining captives during the attack of the train between Abudja and Khaduna were released. Thank God for that, for none of the kidnappers arrested. I mean, so who is that? Who is that? Who is that? Who? They have serious issues. It should not be so. The government should be sent to make laws and implement the laws. We have three arms of government. We have ministries. We have departments. We have agencies. And we have budgetary allocations for them all. So why are we where we are now as a people? Or are we now saying that those who steal our oil, for example, is a government on its own and they are untouchable? I mean, it should not be paraded about this nation at all. And that is why it's painful that the country that has the largest deposit of public gas in Africa is rated as one of the poorest in the world. It's not dumb. We'll have to get some more clarification on what you're saying. You're talking system. And obviously what you're calling from other nations is laws that have been put in place. You do this, you get this as the result. You do that, you get that as the result. We have the laws here. What do we really need? What's the root of the rot that we have here? What do we really need to do differently? Because the laws are there. So if the laws are there, what else is lacking? That's the major question we need to know and see how we can treat it. What we lack is to implement the laws. All right? If you have laws that you don't implement, it's as bad as not having laws at all. So how do we implement them? Because if they say, for instance, you are abandoned and you're caught, you're prosecuted, we have the police, we have the courts, we have every agency that is supposed to take charge of that. Why is it not being implemented? Or why are these laws not being implemented? That is a question that is really disturbing all of us. It's either because we have a weak system like I pointed out. Because the former president of South Africa just returned from jail, you have a similar scenario in South Korea. Even though the former president was pardoned, or he got jailed, there are no consequences for the life. We have not denied that some personalities imported contaminated fuel into this country. So how many of them have been arrested? All we have are deniers. But I'm no surprise. We didn't start yesterday. I mean, I love history so well. In 1977, when our president and commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces was the minister of petroleum resources, about $2.8 billion disappeared from NNPC account with land bank in the U.K., no head or tail of it. So if today we are talking about billions and billions of Naira stolen in crude oil, and the fact that our refineries are now working, and we spent about $100 billion to turn more foreign refineries around. And have you read recently that in Nigeria here, that it's yet to take us about $47 billion of our resources? And you must also have read that in 2023 budget, we may have to borrow about $8 trillion Naira to give it a support, a budget of about $20.5 trillion Naira, but with a projected revenue of $9 trillion Naira. So if you look at this, then it's either we have a visionless system or a weak system that cannot implement. Let me ask a simple question. If somebody imports contaminated for oil, a group of persons import contaminated food to China, what do you expect to see in that Chinese government? So these are issues. So where there are no consequences, people operate as they like. Recently, the go-between of the Bandis and the Dosepey ransom was detained in Egypt before he was brought back to Nigeria. So what has happened all this while in Nigeria? Was it that the government has been romancing Banditry? This is what these are issues. It appears by way of perception in publications that we are no serious about giving good governance its right appearance. And unless and until you embark on generating common wealth for common good and maximizing the potentials God has given you, then you end up in failure. So Nigeria is one of the most blessed countries in the world. So look at where we are today. So it's quite disturbing. So you need to implement. I mean, if you permit me to go scriptural, there's one popular scripture that we like to call Joshua 1A, that this book of the Lush are not depart from out of that mouth. You meditate there. But the key thing there is that you do according to all that is written. So if that do, we have brilliant laws in this country. I can let you know. Brilliant laws. And I'm challenging our audience now. Please after this program, spare some of your data and Google section 15 to 18 of the Nigerian constitution, and you see the great provisions to make this country great. But you cannot go through the government on that. It's not just a shape of life. Like we say, they won't say that you should be giving us happiness. The economy should be operated in a way that we have a self reliance economy that is not considered in the hand of you. So just quickly, Mr. Ajide, just quickly, because we are running out of time. Just finally, we are in the campaign season. And this is the time to really scrutinize and know who best fits the bill. So if you were given the opportunity to talk to Nigerians, what would you be telling them? What are the criteria to look out for in choosing the leaders that will lead us tomorrow? Just very briefly, sir. You know, basically look at someone that can give us the minus which is the economy. Someone that can turn our economy around. Someone that can unite the people because our mutual remains unity, faith, peace and focus. And someone that can return peace onto this nation so that we can enjoy the goodness of the Lord. Don't let religion or tribalism be your yoke still. I mean, we know the candidates. And interestingly, we know the antecedents. There is a need for a new Nigeria where there shall be rejoicing. So put all these key elements together as you go to the polls to vote. And we also expect great that there will be new narratives about our great country because God has not withdrawn our resources. So we still have resources to pick up from where we are and get better. After all, Rwanda has given us a brilliant example in Africa. Rwanda was in the pit. But right now, Rwanda is, you know, we're looking up. Things are looking up. There is one of the fastest-growing economies in Africa. So all the hatefuls God, they have united. They are moving in the direction of development. Let's put all this together and let it determine you know, to us what direction we will go. Thank you very much, Mr. Honongro. Mr. Jide Honongro. Thank you so much for being a part of this show and enlightening us. We'll ask for more clarification some of the time. But today, that's where we will wrap it up on the segment of the show. Thank you so much for being a part of the program. Thank you. God bless Nigeria. So we'll take a short break, very brief break, and when we return, we'll return with the news and the program continues thereafter.


touch on some trends that that you would note specifically around urbanization and around you know the township areas and so on and that's one being urbanization as a worldwide trend. So the UN tells us 70% of people across the world will be moving to urban areas and our our townships are nodes around of suburbs basically around urban environments in big cities and in South Africa 63 to 65 percent.


Another method of solving differential equations is known as the variation of parameters. And this emerges as follows. While we can use the method of undetermined coefficients to solve k-th-order linear differential equations, we have to find the appropriate annihilator, or ansatz. But sometimes we can't. What can we do then? And the thing to remember is that the problem exists regardless of your ability to solve it. We have to be able to do something. So let's consider a simple case where we have a homogeneous second-order linear differential equation. Now, we'll assume we can solve this and assume that this has solutions y equals c1, u1 plus c2, u2, where c1 and c2 are constants. Now, we'll assume the inhomogeneous equation has solutions y equals c1, u1 plus c2, u2, where c1 and c2 are functions. And remember, one of the main rules in solving differential equations is that it is easier to obtain forgiveness than permission. If we have to wonder about whether we're allowed to do this, we might not get anywhere. We can just try it out and see if we do actually get a solution. So let's see how that might work. Suppose u1 and u2 solve the homogeneous equation. And assume the non-homogeneous equation has solutions y equals c1, u1 plus c2, u2, where c1 and c2 are undetermined functions of t. So we'll differentiate. And again, it's easier to obtain forgiveness than permission. We'll assume c1 prime u1 plus c2 prime u2 equals zero. Why not? If it works, we'll have a solution and all is forgiven. Of course, if it's not written down, it didn't happen, so we'll record that assumption over here. That simplifies this derivative. And because this is a second-order differential equation, we do need to find that second derivative. Of course, we can only get the forgiveness if we actually solve the equation. So let's see if this solves the equation. We'll substitute our values into our expressions. g of ty, f of ty prime, and y double prime. Adding up the left-hand side should give us h of t. Adding up the right-hand side will give us... And the important thing to remember is that since u1 and u2 solve the original homogeneous differential equation, this coefficient of c1 and this coefficient of c2 are both going to be zero. And so our equation simplifies to... And now I have two equations that c1 prime and c2 prime satisfy, and so we can solve for c1 prime and c2 prime. So let's try to solve this differential equation, which has no obvious annihilator. So the solution to the homogeneous equation is going to be c1 sin t plus c2 cosine t. We'll treat c1 and c2 as functions of t, so y prime is going to be... But we'll assume c1 prime sin plus c2 prime cosine is equal to zero. And that simplifies our equation, but we still need to find our second derivative, so we'll find that. So now we want y double prime plus y to equal tangent of t. So take y and add y double prime, and that gives us tangent equals c1 prime cosine t minus c2 prime sin t. And there's a second equation that involves c1 prime and c2 prime. So let's solve this system for c1 prime and c2 prime. And one way we might do that is we multiply the first equation by sin of t and the second equation by cosine of t we get. And if we add our two equations, and we can simplify this, so c1 prime is sin of t. Well that worked out so well, let's do it again. This time we'll multiply the first equation by cosine t and the second by minus sin of t, which will give us... And if we add them we get... And then simplify... Which gives us c2 prime. Of course we need to know what c1 and c2 are, but we can anti-differentiate. So the anti-derivative of c1 prime will give us... And so c1 is minus cosine. The anti-derivative of c2 prime will give us... A rather horrific mess, but we can find the anti-derivative eventually. And so we get y equals cosine t sin t plus this horrible mess, plus the general solution of the homogeneous equation, where we return c1 and c2 to being actual constants.


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Then dissolve the tiny Jell-O particles and notice how Jell-O's captive goodness comes pouring out in a rush of richness. Get Jell-O tomorrow in all six delicious flavors and thrill to the marvelous new delight of Jell-O's locked in flavor. Now, ladies and gentlemen, we turn back the clock and take you to the drug store across the street from the NBC building here in Hollywood. The time is exactly 15 minutes before this broadcast. Take it away, drug store. Hurry up and order your sandwich, will you, Mary? We'll be on the air in a few minutes. A sandwich? Yes. I'm a growing girl. I want meat and potatoes. Well, all right. Order a meat sandwich. And the potato chips here are very crispy. Every Sunday we have to eat in the drug store. Why don't you take me to the Brown Derby once in a while? Mary, I'm not going into the Brown Derby until they hang my picture in the main dining room with the rest of the big movie stars. They can't treat me that way. What do you mean? Every time I want to see that drawing of myself, I've got to go in and wash my hands. It's not right. Oh, stop complaining. This item on the menu. Jack Benny Special, 35 cents. Jack Benny Special? What is it? A minute steak with a transfusion. Oh, these soda jerks think they're so smart. Hey, Gilroy, what do I have to do to get a little service around here? Take it easy, blue eyes. Hello, Mary. What'll it be? I'll have a hot roast beef sandwich, mashed potatoes, lettuce and tomato salad, and apple pie with 2D fruity ice cream. Mary, you haven't got time to eat all that. Okay, don't tooth the fruity. Save that stuff for the program. Say, Gilroy, I think I'll just have a cup of coffee and a donut. A what? A donut. One of those over there with the powdered sugar on it. That's a plain donut. I forgot to dust them off this morning. Oh, oh, well, never mind. Maybe I'll just have a cup of... Hello, Phil. Hello, Jackson. Hello, Mary. Hello.  They button on the side. Oh, yeah. Well, I'll be darned. I put on a pair of Alice's. Oh, my goodness. Why don't you open your eyes when you get up in the morning? They're open, Jackson, but they don't work till noon. Oh. What'll it be, Twitch? Well, uh... Smart guy, give me a Phil Harris Special. Okay. One hammer. Put a wave in it. The most egotistical thing I ever heard. Water, Mary. Thanks. Oh, Jack, let me down the other end of the counter. It's Virgil Reimer, our funny sound man. That's what he thinks. Nobody speaks to him. He's getting too fresh. Hello, Virgil. What do you have? Get long distance on the phone. I want a Denver Sandwich. Oh, he's... he's so clever. Dave Virgil, you sure got a lot of laughter. Can't hide last Sunday. You were the funniest thing on the Benny program. Yeah, and imagine what I could do if old Poison Puss didn't hold me down. Hmm, Poison Puss, that's a fine way to talk about our sponsors. He means you. I know who he means. Wise guy. No kidding, Virgil. You're terrific. Do you get many fan letters? I'll say. Remember that little poodle that used to run out and bring in my mail? Yeah? Well, I got a Saint Bernard now. That's positively the worst joke I ever heard. I thought it was kind of cute. Me too. Yeah? Hmm. You know, Virgil, I thought you had a lot of fun working for Benny. Fun? That old slave driver does everything but chases across the ice. Well, that's the last straw. Now, listen here, Virgil. Oh, hello, Mr. LaGrie. Where's your whip? Never mind the wisecracks. You get over to NBC and set up our props for the program. Now, scram. See what I told you, Gil? All right. Get going. Get going. Hey, Virgil, I slipped my moth and Mickey. You stay out of this. Hey, where's my armlet? Here you are, Twitch. You want something to drink with it? No, thanks. I'm on the wagon. Hmm. He never heard a coffee in the morning. Hurry up with mine, will you? Say, Mr. Benny, I just got on the weighing machine and how much do you think... Oh, hello, Dennis. Hello. Say, Mr. Benny, I just got on the weighing machine and how much do you think... How, uh, how are you feeling, kid? All right, I guess. Good, good. I thought I had fallen arches for a while, but I wasn't pulling my socks up. Oh. Oh, I see. Thank heaven my girl can use those arch supporters I bought. Why don't you buy them, Jack? Because I don't need them. What makes you think I got flat feet? Plop, plop, plop. All right, all right, young lady. Just for that, I'm not going to pick up your check today. I can carry it over to the cashier myself. I was going to pay it, too. Say, Mr. Benny, I just got on the weighing machine and... Yes. How much do you think I weigh? How much, Dennis? A hundred and forty pounds. Stripped. Stripped? I took the scale and the phone booth. Well, you better watch yourself, young man. And you know what else, Mr. Benny? When I put a penny in the machine, I got one of those little cars with my fortune on it. Oh, your fortune, eh? What did it say, kid? You're lucky you can sing. Now, there's a machine that knows its business. Hey, Gilroy, where's my coffee? Did you send a Brazil for it? C-C, senor. Smart Alec. I wouldn't even eat here if the brown derby wasn't so careless.  I'll beat Don. Hey, kids, you better snap into it. We're on the air in a few minutes. Okay, Don. See you later, Jackson.  What? You mean you don't know what numbers you're doing? Weren't you at rehearsal? We didn't have a rehearsal. Frankie left the cards and chips home. Oh. See you in the joint, fellas. Be right up. Oh, say, Don. Don, come here a minute, will you? Oh. Have a seat. When you introduce me today, I wish you'd do me a favor and say I just started my new picture at Warner Brothers with Ann Sheridan. Well, are you making a picture with Ann Sheridan? Yes, and it might be on the program today.   What do you mean, romance? You're playing the part of her father, aren't you? I had that out with the director, and I'm now her husband. My new role will be great for the picture. It won't hurt the makeup business, either. All right. Now, don't worry. Warner Brothers, huh? Yeah. Be with you in a second, Mary. I want to get a tube of shaving cream. Hey, mister, give me a tube of shaving cream, will you? Got to turn in an old tube, you know. Got to turn in an old one, you know. Look, I haven't got an old tube. Now, hurry, will you? Government regulations. But look, look. I don't make the laws, you know. Now, look, look. Come on, Jack. We'll be late. I'm coming. Now, look, mister, forget the shaving cream. Just give me a cigar. Got to have an old one, you know. Never mind. Forget the whole thing. Come on, Mary, let's go. Glamour Boy, like Don said. Don, how in the world did you ever find out about my new picture with Ann Sheridan? Did you read about it in some column? Did you? No, Jack, as a matter of fact, I haven't seen anything about it in the papers. Well, then, how did you ever find out about it in some column? And how did you ever hear about it? I was trying to keep it a secret. How'd you find out, Don, did a little bird tell you? Yeah, an old gray canary. It is my new leading lady, and she sure is a peach to work with. Oh, I can imagine.  And her, her... That's Benny for you. With him, it's her diction. Well, she is beautiful, I'll admit that. And confidentially, Don, I think her husband, George Brent, is a little jealous of me, you know. What do you mean? Well, he happened to visit the set the other day, just as Ann and I were doing a love scene. Right in the middle of a kiss, he got mad and walked out. Well, naturally, why did you kiss him? I didn't kiss him. I kissed Miss Sheridan. Pay attention, will you? Anyway, Don, I think that this picture will be one of my best screenings to date. In fact, I'm already getting fan letters on it. Really? Yep. He gets a bill from Bullocks and he calls it a fan letter.  What poodle? Well, I got a great dame now. Pretty clever, eh, Dozzy? Some had lived. Now, wait a minute, you. That's my gag. You said St. Bernard. I said great dame. It's a different gag altogether. You steal any more of my stuff and I'll play ring around your nosey.  Say, Jackson, do you think there's a chance of getting me in that new picture you're making? Well, I don't know, Phil. I'm Anne Sheridan's husband. What part could you play? Well, if you're her husband, she's got to have a sweetheart. Listen, maestro, I wouldn't make any more cracks like that if I were you. Less next season, when I say play, Phil, I'll be addressing Phil Spitalny. So, watch it.  I got too much on you. Oh, yeah? Well, listen, Phil, if you're referring to that knight in Phoenix, that young lady was my Anne... I've never been to Phoenix. Hmm. Why don't I keep my big mouth shut? Anyway, Phil, don't think I can't get along without you. Say, Mr. Benny. Oh, hello, Dennis. You met me in the drug store, remember? Oh. Oh, yes. Say, Mr. Benny, can I come out to the studio and watch you work on your picture someday? Why, certainly, Dennis. Anytime you feel like it. That's swell. And say, while I'm out there, would you mind introducing me to a... to a certain somebody? As if I didn't know, huh? Who do you mean, Dennis? Oh, you'll tease me about it. No, no, no. Who do you want to meet? Edward G. Robinson. Well, that I never figured. Hmm, what a... Well, it's about time for your song, kid, so let's have it. Okay. Hold it a minute. Mr. Benny. Yes. Would you be interested in a toupee with no cuffs on it? Get out of here! You ought to see his head, folks. The only thing he can part on it is his eyebrows. Sing, Dennis. I remember you sung by Dennis Day, who would rather meet Edward G. Robinson than Ann Sheridan. And now, folks... I only wanted to meet Robinson, so he would introduce me to Miss Sheridan. Oh, I go to all that trouble. I could introduce you to Ann. Well, I wanted to meet her for nothing. It wouldn't cost you anything. And now, folks... you charged me 25 cents to meet Barbara Stanwyck. You met Barbara Stanwyck and Robert Taylor. And now, folks... that isn't worth a quarter, then I don't know what. And now, folks, Mr. Don Wilson, that eminent American author has written another of his famous one-act plays. Take it, Mr. Wilson. The scene, ladies and gentlemen, don't run off, Dennis. You're in this.  Okay. Here, Phil. Hold my yo-yo. Dennis, put that away. Go ahead, Don. The scene, ladies and gentlemen, is the home of Mr. and Mrs. Rufus Lamere, who live in a cabin on the edge of the Mojave Desert in a desolate part of the West. They're just finishing their evening meal. Music, please. Well... Well, Cary, I thought our supper tonight was fine. There's nothing like barbecued coyote. Not only that, I got a fur coat out of it. Yep, and that jello we had for dessert was mighty tempting. How did you get it? I walked 85 miles to our neighborhood grocer. Well, it sure was worth it. Say, Ruf, I seen a newspaper in town, and guess what? What? It says that men ain't going to wear cuffs on their pants anymore. They ain't, eh? Say, I wonder if I got cuffs on my pants?  One of these days, I'm a-going to. Now, I wonder who that is. Come in. Hmm. Hello, stranger. Who are you? I'm a prospector, and for three weeks now, I've been lost in the desert without food or drink. I'm starving, I tell you, starving! Be calm, old timer. Sit down. Okay, hold my yo-yo. A fine prospector. I'm starving, I tell you, starving! Now, don't worry. We'll take care of you. Yes, I'll fix you. Nice hot dish of beef stew. Beef stew? Yep. No, thank you. I'm a vegetarian. Hmm. I'm starving, I tell you, starving! Be patient. We'll think of something, stranger. Say, would you like a nice lettuce and tomato salad? What kind of dressing? French or Thousand Islands? No, thank you. Hmm. I'm starving, I tell you, starving! Well, you've got to eat something. Isn't there anything you'd like? Yes. Have you got some tempting and delicious jello? Jello? I'm sorry, partner. We had some, but we ate every bit of it. I'm going to make it again tomorrow, though. Okay, I'll be back. So long. So long, stranger. I'm starving, I tell you, starving, starving! Hmm. Aw, folks. What other product can command such loyalty? That little drama, ladies and gentlemen, was written by our own Don Wilson. And Don, that's the best one yet. Oh, I don't deserve too much credit for it, Jack. You see, that was a true story. I believe you. Now, um... Now go over to your chairs and sit down. And now, folks... And now, folks, I would like to announce that our program next Sunday will originate from San Francisco, where we are going to dedicate the brand-new NBC studios. In fact, we're going to do their very first broadcast. Well, I guess a new building can take it. Don't worry. If I can just get my writers out of Hurley's bar and into a Turkish bath, we'll be okay. Now, kids, I, uh, gave all of you your railroad tickets, so I better check them over to see if everything's all right. Phil, what's your, uh, Pullman reservation? I'm sleeping in car 19, lower five. Check. What's yours, Dennis? Car 19, lower five. Check. Now, wait a minute! Never mind. Now, what's yours, Don? Car 19, lower five. Uh, check. What's, uh... What's yours, Mary? Upper five. Thanks, Jack. Don't mention it. Well, everything's okay, so remember, fellas, be at the station one half hour before train time. Now, take it easy, Jackson. Three of us can't sleep in one bird. No, of course not. We won't be comfortable. Listen, Don, in the days of Bortable, the four Marx brothers slept in one bird and they had a harp besides. So stop beefing. Well, Jack, if I was as thin as the four Marx brothers, I wouldn't complain. Don, the tickets are bought and that's the way it's going to be. That's a lot of hooey about the Marx brothers. How do you know they all slept in one bird? Jack was in the baggage car with Sink's mule. You said it. In those days, when I said I was going to hit the hay, I mended it. Anyway, fellas, it's a short trip, so don't worry about it. Say, Mr. Benny, where are you going to sleep? Well, Dennis, on account of my insomnia, I think I'll just sit up in the chair car and read. I'll get a magazine. Well, buy a popular mechanic and find out how three guys can lay down in one bird. Who said lay down? Lay down? Or lie down? Which is correct. A lot of good. That'll do us. Listen, kids, will you please stop being so fussy. Say, how am I going to get up to San Francisco by carrier pigeon? Virgil, you're not going to be with us next week. You can tune in and listen. I wouldn't listen to this program if it was the pot of gold and I had the only telephone in the country.  That's topin' him, Jack. I wasn't trying to top him. I don't want to hear any more about our trip. We're going there. We're going to open up the new studios. And immediately as soon as... Hmm. Hello? Oh, hello, Rochester. What do you want? Well, bossy did it before and he did it again. What? What are you talking about? Carmichael just came out of hibernation and I can't... You mean my polar bear woke up already? Why, he's not supposed to come out of hibernation till May 1st. He's early. So was the gas man.  Tell me, Rochester, was Carmichael in a good mood? Well, yes and no. What do you mean, yes and no? When he first got up, he came over and hugged me and squeezed me and even tried to kiss me. Well... And then he put salt in. I bet he's as thin as a rail. Uh-huh. You better give him something to eat, Rochester. A lot of nourishing food. Uh-huh. What that bear needs is something fattening. I know one hungry fudge he ain't gonna get. Rochester, stop. You know he loves you. Now here's what you do. Give Carmichael a nice cold shower and then comb his hair out. It might be all matted, you know? He don't like it when I comb his hair. Well, then give him a slap on his nose and make him behave. Let him know who's boss. I let him know once, then he let me know and now there's no question about it. All right, Rochester. Just leave him alone. When I come home, I'll take care of everything. Goodbye. Goodbye. Oh, say, boss. Now what?  Yes, of course. Well, on this trip, am I gonna be under 12 or a poor man for her again? You're getting a ticket. Now, goodbye. Darn that Carmichael every year. The gas company wants to take my meter out. Oh, well, play, Phil. Gaglessened dessert is bright and beautiful as spring itself. Jello cubes with strawberries. It's an enticing treat that will lend the grand touch of color and flavor to any meal you serve it with. How folks will enjoy it. And just listen to how easy it is to make. Simply dissolve one package of orange jello in a pint of hot water. Next, turn into a shallow pan and chill until firm. Cut the jello into cubes and then arrange them in sherbet glasses with sweetened sliced strawberries using quick frozen strawberries, if you wish. Serve either plain or with cream. What a dessert, so rich and inviting to look at, so gloriously good. Make the family this wonderful combination of sweet, juicy red strawberries and clear golden cubes of orange jello. Get several packages of orange jello tomorrow. But be sure when you do to get genuine jello because jello's flavor is locked in for your added enjoyment. Last number of the 29th program in the current jello series, and we will be with you again next Sunday night at the same time broadcasting from the new NBC studio in San Francisco. Long time no see at the train. Wait a minute, Mary. We've all got to stick around today and put on a little entertainment for men in uniform. They'll all be coming in here in a few minutes. Oh, well, I'll just have time to write a poem. Oh, soldiers, sailors and marines, you're the nicest guys. Save it, save it, save it. Good night, folks. Friends, the same folks who make jello make another wonderful dessert. Jello puddings. Three luscious puddings that you make with milk. Try jello chocolate pudding. A smoother, mellower pudding you never tasted. And what a world of rich, homemade goodness it has. A grand chocolate flavor developed especially for jello puddings by the famous Walter Baker chocolate people. So tomorrow, when you order jello, ask for all three jello puddings. Chocolate, vanilla and butterscotch. They're just like grandmas, only more so.


Can I learn a foreign language while teaching English abroad? Yes, one of the many benefits of teaching English abroad is that it can provide a great environment for learning a foreign language. It is no secret that being fully immersed in a different culture, where you are constantly surrounded by a new language, is the most effective way to quickly develop your understanding. Throughout your time living and working as an English teacher abroad, you will inevitably have endless opportunities to practice your language skills. As well as using the language as you go about your daily life, there is also a good chance that you will have access to local language courses that are far cheaper than those available in your home country. Another possibility is the network of friends that you will likely make among the local citizens. Often, people are more than happy to help foreign visitors to develop their language skills. Another benefit of learning a language in this way is that you will be exposed to the real language as it is used by native speakers, as opposed to the classroom language that is taught in language schools. With natural exposure to local media, such as television, radio and newspapers, as well as conversation with the people you meet as you go about your daily business, you should quickly pick up a wide vocabulary that includes idioms and other casual expressions. In short, teaching English abroad offers the perfect opportunity to learn a new language. The following are some of the most popular languages to learn while teaching English abroad. Mandarin is the most widely used language in the world. Considering that China also has the largest English teaching market in the world, it is no surprise that many teachers learn Mandarin whilst teaching abroad. Taiwan is another very popular teaching market where Mandarin can easily be learned. Although less widely spread, Cantonese is another Chinese language that is popular to learn with teachers living and working in Hong Kong, Macau and parts of southern China. Arabic. As it is widely spoken across North Africa and the Middle East, Arabic is the main language used in many popular English teaching destinations. Countries such as Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait and Oman all offer excellent job opportunities and the possibility of learning Arabic. North African countries such as Egypt, Morocco and Tunisia are other options, although the job markets are considerably smaller. Spanish. As the official language of over 20 countries, Spanish is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world. Popular teaching destinations for learning Spanish include Spain, Argentina, Chile, Costa Rica and Mexico. French. Although French is spoken in around 30 countries, outside of France itself there are a few good options for English teachers. However, within France there are countless great opportunities to work as an English teacher while learning the French language. Other languages. There are many other countries that are popular with English teachers where you can also learn another language. Italy and Germany are two of the top countries in Europe for teaching English abroad and both offer plenty of options for learning the native language. Outside of Europe, Japan has one of the world's largest ESL job markets. Here, many teachers decide to learn Japanese in order to better understand the unique culture.


Welcome back to my channel if you're new here. Hi, hello, I'm Nadia. Today I thought I could do a room tour because I haven't done one yet. I've been living here for nearly five months. Here's my door with my handbags on the door handle. And here we have my bathroom. I have both my canes next to the door. And we've got squish mellows, my redstone table, books. Hello again. My make-up is kept down here. Not all of it, some of it is in the bathroom. But I've got my Urban Decay palettes. I've got my two face palettes. I've got the Morphe Jeffree Star palette. I've got the Urban Decay eye primer. And that's where my make-up, my hair dye is down here. I've been in my kitchen and I've got my Galaxy projector. My box of Bercoke, which is nearly empty. Sinked fridge freezer. My main camera. Give it a nice little pet. I'll pretend it's a dog. So I'm here with all my tech stuff. My old laptop. Pens. And a weekly try that the occupational therapist gave me. And I've got this pin badge. And then my wardrobe is there. There I've got some more squish mellows. More squish mellows. More squish mellows on the bed. And then the bed. And that's my room. I like to have that, which is a painting that one of the girls did when I was in hospital of my two hamsters. Cookie and crumble. It's like, it's so amazing. The photo she was working on was this one. My postcard wall. Some of them have fallen down. I used to go down on the side of the bed to get them. They're on my LED strip. Just goes all the way around my room. It's kind of blue at the minute. Yeah, thanks for watching this video. If you are new, subscribe. And here are your requests that we know in the comments down below. And I'll see you guys in my next video.


So like everybody, we're here with brother Kevin, and he is a convert and will be sharing some of his reflections about Ramadan inshallah with us. Brother Kevin saw him. Thank you so much for being here with us. Um, can you tell us, let's start by you telling us about your first Ramadan. What were some things that some things or expectations that you had going in. And maybe you can tell us about what ended up being a reality. And what were some surprises for you. Well, this man was sort of an embarrassing story and did, you know, I took Shahada when I was real young after reading the autobiography of Malcolm X and I was just another kind of kid living in Kentucky who didn't know any Muslims or have sort of any access to any Islamic education and so he was really bad at it for a really long time. I was one of those unmasked Muslims after from lived in Kentucky. So I was about 15 and I moved to the DC area and kind of was one of also a great number of unmasked Muslims in that late 90s era in the DC area, but you know believed in Islam in general but didn't have really any practical understanding of how to do it right. So they went until actually went to a law school and took an Islamic jurisprudence class which is in 2009 that I actually even learned about the pillars and the necessity of them in Ramadan in particular which I didn't know even when Ramadan was in the year. Kind of before that but it also been dealing with various health problems and a bad back and medications for that neck and nerve issues and some other stuff so I kind of just gave myself a pass in 2010 but then in 2011 it kind of was out of law school was trying to get my license to practice law but was kind of stuck without having it for various reasons that maybe get into another time but sort of not relevant to the Ramadan story but anyway I was working for Kinder USA which is a charity focused on Palestinian children mainly as a social media coordinator, it kind of fallen in love with social media coming out of the Egyptian Revolution, which gave me a much greater feeling of connection to the kind of the global and a great number of ways and so seeing in particular at the time I was following the Libyan Revolution and seeing that those folks were fasting while they were in that conflict, made me feel ashamed for having not fasted before and for having even neglected the year before just due to some relatively minor health issues ultimately so that's 2011 was the first Ramadan when I when I actually fasted and my expectations were that it was going to be brutal and I had a part of the reason I didn't pass in 2010 is because I was terrified of the impact on my body and my health didn't think that I could handle it. And it turned out to be not as bad as I thought it was certainly a trial but then not as bad as I thought in ultimate as far as the physical impact that ultimately the feeling of connection to the large which I have been without for so many years really warm my heart and my spirit and gave me a feeling of spiritual strength that I had never known before and it was a great great benefit of my life in a number of ways. You know subsequently I haven't had the same back or neck issues or anything like my general physical health is a lot better than it was back then and I kind of credit the discipline that I began to cultivate in my first Ramadan. Thank you for sharing that. So you said that when you started fasting it was a it was a way for you to also connect with the global Oma. Were you able to find that sort of communication connection with the local community at all? What have your experiences been in terms of sharing Ramadan within the local community? That's in the DC area at least where I was at the time. The only Muslims who were in my personal sphere were black American Muslims who were either unmasked or NOI which obviously I'm an Irish American person and so I'm not allowed in the NOI community and that's part of kind of my separation from the community at large that being the main point of connection within my sort of hyper local community and you know I at one point almost sort of went to Adam's Mosque with my Majid but was a little put off. My parents were both I'd say like sort of nomadic activists and participated in a lot of civil rights stuff back back in the 60's and 70's and as you know some other people in my family did so you know like I was I knew what federal surveillance looked like you know before I was very old, I was very familiar with all the stories of COINTELPRO and infiltrations and whatnot and I have my own sort of anxieties about having been potentially entrapped at one point around 2004 or 2005 or attempted to be entrapped at work on me because I don't do that kind of thing, couldn't be talked into it but I was kind of terrified of the local mosque outside of my sort of DC inner city community and that I kind of saw like me as an outsider and a person with this kind of civil rights background as being a prime target to kind of be lack of a better term sold up to river to the FBI or whoever else and my mother does a lot of work for Muslim charities as well so she was a little bit terrified of that happening and advised me to be extraordinarily cautious and also at the time I was working for Kendo USA who had to sue the FBI for harassment to get them to stop messing with them so they could do their work at peace and ultimately did reach a settlement and stop getting harassed so much but it was sort of that risk and so I felt alienated from the suburban mosque community and not safe there and I was actually alienated from kind of the inner city mosque community so actually the only iftar that I went to in my first year was on Capitol Hills and my mom took me to because she was a lobbyist and worked with Sikha Foundation, Islamic Review and a lot of Muslim organizations and so she got me the invite and so to tell the story I went to that and we first got there you know we broke fast and the little food table that was there and kind of got into a conversation with a sister who was there with her young son who was talking to my mother about the work that she did and kind of working towards volunteering her young son to help with my mother and then at a certain point like Keith Ellison and the ambassadors and all of them show up and they're up at the stage talking and actually a Mahjid came in and was standing there. This is my first sort of Ramadan experience where I remember of the community was kind of got in between where my mother was in the stage and ended up kind of encroaching on a space a little bit and the sister who we had been talking to kind of pulled her hand back and struck him on the shoulder and he turned around looked at her kind of perplexed and she just sort of made a hand motion like why don't you watch me step in and he realized that he kind of encroached on my mother's face a little bit and he turned around he bowed his head to her and apologized and got out of her way and gave her her kind of personal space and so that was kind of my first experience with the kind of greater community for Ed and Iftar was certainly an interesting one and certainly from my perspective a really endearing one as frankly I've seen, I saw women gunshot multiple times in the streets in DC with my own eyes I know about a lot of violence of women and so I way too many ways I know more than I'd like to remember it's very common in that area and that community and in that culture and to see you know my Majid being such a big personality and important figure in the community and also a physically large man kind of humbling himself and showing deference to not just the sister who struck him but also to my mother who was not Muslim or her own self was really the breath of fresh air as far as dignity and good behavior and appropriate ethical intergender relations and so that was my most positive experience in my first Ramadan for sure and helped me get over my fears about the rest of the broader community and began to hopefully integrate, ultimately I had to move out to California to kind of get a fresh start before I could really immerse myself in the local Muslim community better. So how have your Ramadan experiences changed over the years? Have you been able to kind of bring in family traditions or cultural traditions into kind of like to tie over what you grew up with to new things that are that came with Ramadan and Eid celebrations? Are you able to do that and have you been able to do that? It's sort of an interesting question. I can't really put my finger on anything like I hummed along the last few years both my siblings, my first and my younger sister and then my younger brother. I lived with them both taking Shahada and I and they made it a lot easier to practice Ramadan with my brother practicing as well. Even before he took Shahada he started, you know, kind of inching his way into the fast. It's like a solidarity fast with me for a few years and that kind of made it a lot easier but you know like I come eat, I wear like my best nikes, you know, that's a sneaker head sort of a guy and you know I might get myself a fresh pair of nikes to celebrate Eid. I got some in the mail right now. I'm already looking forward to wearing around my condo if I can't go anywhere. Quarantine, I'm assuming you're going to still be in quarantine to come eat this year but you know we used to there was a great fried fish place out here and being originally from Kentucky and also BC area were being on the fried fish so we never tried to have big fried fish if Tars. Yeah that kind of thing but you know it's you know the present exchange is sort of one thing but I think just taking the opportunity to try to give gifts to neighbors or whoever else and do charity and that kind of thing which you know kind of coming from that civil rights background were always sort of taught to be good citizens in the broader community but so sort of taking the opportunity of Ramadan to any to dig deeper and to give more whether it's financially if you have the opportunity or through some kind of service it's really the way I think that the best way that I say I channeled sort of my personal familial culture and history into the practice do you have a favorite Ramadan memory that you can think of you know definitely the first one I went to was the one that stands out in my mind the most because it was kind of a transformative experience as far as that goes also you know having my brother take Shahada just the first Ramadan that I had with him where he was practicing last year and we had to pray together honestly it's my favorite my favorite memory was praying with my brother That's amazing and may Allah guide all of our loved ones to Islam What do you look most forward to as Ramadan approaches well I mean sort of generally and I guess probably this year as well it's that for me kind of toward the end you get that I call like Ramadan strong you know in the beginning your coffee headaches and tired and feel a little depleted but sort of like they say with marathon runners you get into it at a certain point and I only know this from here again but haven't been in a long time at least you get that second wind and you find a strength sort of that you didn't know was there and that definitely tends to happen in Ramadan for me kind of toward the second half and yeah that's definitely sort of my favorite part like getting that feeling of unlocking inner strength that I hadn't been able to access before and figuring out what the best application of it would be and how to sort of apply it and use it to kind of grow my life but it always kind of feels sort of miraculous when that happens and really invigorating in a number of ways and so that's looking forward to that that Ramadan second wind Ramadan strong feeling Mashallah so I have one more question you've experienced several Ramadan's and this video is for everybody for our community at large but there's a lot of new Muslims out there who might be experiencing their first or second Ramadan's and I was hoping that you could share some advice or some thoughts that you wanted to share with them in particular I suppose first my sisters and brothers out there going through it to start I really appreciate having you all as a part of our greater family love seeing you at the mosque when I have the opportunity and all of that Mashallah maybe next year now we're all in quarantine which I know is really devastating to a lot of the kind of born Muslim community but kind of to us converts many of us at least have been isolated in Arzlam for a long time and so that part's no big deal nothing new not missing out on as much and I get to focus on recently watched a great cookbook from Sheikh Rami at MCC last year which any of you can find on the YouTube channel which I highly recommend it's been great for the quarantine for sure where he talked about Ramadan is supposed to be the month of the fast not the month of the feast and really kind of embracing the hardship of it which also I watched the Ramadan prep video the Khalil Center's website I highly recommend there's a little bit in there about just humans generally are adaptive creatures and adaptive people and the hardship it gets kind of like lifting weights but for your conscious and your spirit and that you put yourself through it and you will sort of gain gain strength through it and not being distracted by a bunch of iftars and community invites and social obligations and being able to really hone in on your relationship with the law and focusing on that and in whatever way makes the most sense for you personally particularly in quarantine I found a lot of these YouTube videos like Yaqeen also has a great channel as far as lectures to watch they're easily digestible for new Muslims I think addition to MCC in addition to Khalil Center but I recommend mainly just I guess stay hydrated you probably heard that before but you know they won't want to focus on that the hunger part really isn't so bad it's the dehydration that can get you messed up chia seeds are a great thing to have because they kind of release the hydration throughout the day as you digest them rather than just sort of with the water all at once so I always like to have chia seed infused smoothies in the morning which tends to make it a lot easier but don't worry about having to get as much food as you normally would and just cram it in the before or the after and just go ahead and embrace it you're going to be a little bit hungry because you're going to be a little bit thirsty and that's the point and it's okay you can handle it you might not think that you can but humans are resilient and you look around the globe a little more than so many of us who don't even get to eat meat ever sometimes for Ramadan but that's it so you can handle more than you think you can and just be patient with yourself be merciful with yourself tell my siblings that I'm a Muslim not a masochist so if you get to a point where you feel like you're negatively impacting your health just go ahead and get yourself a break take a day if you need to you can always make it up later it's better to ultimately mind your health it's between you and a lot ultimately and don't let yourself feel peer pressure hurt yourself but at the same time just remember you know through hardship comes ease and that's part of the whole point is to put yourself through something so that you can kind of gain strength and think about it like spiritual and psychological exercise and kind of embrace the struggle and inshallah you'll get the rewards and just remember that the second wind Ramadan strong is coming and it's there for you that was amazing advice thank you so much brother Kevin do you have anything else to say before we wrap it up can't really think anything just this is going to be a wild one and inshallah I'm looking forward to I was really looking forward to praying at MCC this year we're going to go to the lighthouse but yeah inshallah next year I'll get to do Ramadan at MCC inshallah Allah is the best of planners so may Allah help us to make the most of Ramadan as it is this year I mean thank you so much brother Kevin this is part of your private and personal story and we really appreciate you sharing it with us I appreciate the opportunity to be able to contribute to the community I work in so yeah thanks for allowing me the chance to get my non financial others I know we're going to struggle financially with what's going on in the world right now and may not be able to do all that we'd like to do with our Sakat this year so finding ways to give outside of financial means is really a blessing and I'm grateful that MCC gave you the opportunity inshallah there'll be more in the Alhamdulillah jazakalakhir Asalaamu Alaykum . . . . . .