Welcome to CTN member highlights. I'm Leslie McVane. I'm here at Port City Music Hall for WMBG's annual fashion show fundraiser with Dale Robin Goodman, the development director. Hi Leslie, it's a fun night here you know. Yeah well I can't wait to see some of this and Cindy Flanders who is the artistic director of the event. Hello, thanks for coming. Now Dale, how many years have you been doing this? Well WMBG started this 13 years ago. This is 13th annual. It was started by volunteers like Cindy who are interested in the local design community and wearable art and fashion and things that are expressive and energetic and we always have a great time. And you change it up a little bit every year. Now this year you have people from the Circus of Maine Just the opening act. We try to welcome people with something fun and this year Circus Maine is doing a short piece hand balancing so that should be fun and then but the real star of the show is the runway with all the designers and the fabulous creations that they make. Very different very diverse. And you've got music. Yeah DJ Shane, WMPT, I think they call him low down Dirty Jane. I like that. And Cindy now you're the artistic director. What what does that mean? That means that I could spend lots of time coordinating designers and models and getting all their garments in an order that looks beautiful on the runway. And then you send them out there.  Now did you sort of interview the designers or did you pick the designers? They are all volunteer. Anyone who expresses interest in being part of our show we welcome them in with open arms. So we have a very eclectic mix on the runway everything from like you know street kind of punk kind of stuff up to you know high fashion. It's like everything. And these are all from the Portland area? Yes all from the greater Portland area we have 12 designers and about 52 walks on the runway tonight. And is this something you do in your day life when you're not doing these events? No no I have worked done design work before and modeling stuff before but yeah so but now I'm just behind the scenes and it's really fun back there. Well now I'm with David Milliken one of the designers of the show tonight. Hi David. Hi. Now you're a student at Graynook Gloucester High School but you're going to pass for their design program. Yep for the fashion marketing program. And how long is that program? Do you go just part of the time? I go about half the day. I leave my school at 10.20. I get there at 11. I leave there at 1.15. And do you go every day Monday through Friday? Yep every day. So it sounds like a wonderful program and this is one of your creations. This is one of them. Do you want to tell us a little bit about what you're wearing? Right okay so first of all this is my one of my denim jackets I had. This was actually my dad's in high school. He gave me and found in the basement. I started off by painting it piece by piece because I didn't have anything to put on it. But then I started ordering patches. I took leather pieces off of other pieces. I hand stitched everything I have as hand stitched. I don't use machine for anything. And these are my pants. These were pants that I was given. I bleached them. I put patches on them as I acquire them. Kind of just go with what I get. So where do you get your ideas?  I start off but whatever I acquire for items as patches I buy at shows or different materials I take from different pieces of clothing such as canvas and leather I just feel like I should attach it to something and as I attach it piece by piece the image becomes larger and it just it forms its own piece and I go very slowly and over time it just kind of it makes it itself. I don't plan what I do. Do you play with the fabrics and move them around? Sometimes I put things on impulse and then later on I take them off because I don't like them as much. So there's a lot of cut off items and rips and stuff where I messed up cutting but that's just all piece of the work. So let's bring in a couple of the models and you can tell us what they're wearing. This is Emma Adams. This is my girlfriend. Hi Emma. Hello. Alright she's wearing one of my denim vests that I made. It was a jacket that I found in the state sale and it was insulated. It had snap buttons but it didn't fit me so well so I covered it in canvas and put these these clasps that I took off of camera pouches that has many patches and studs some of them which I made. Do you want to turn around? Yep. This is just some patches that I've acquired over time. This is one that she actually made for me hand stitching on some corduroy and I put that on there. So does he use you as a model quite often? Yeah usually it's usually me yeah. What do you think of his design? I absolutely love it. I've never met anybody who like has these kind of you know ideas and the style I love it. Do you just model the clothing or does he let you actually wear them in real life? Well actually he's made me quite a few garments. I don't have them with me recently anymore but um yeah I really love it. It's awesome. Okay well thank you so much and we'll call in the next person. Hi. Alright this is Sydney. She's wearing a pair of shorts that I've had for a very long time and just recently I've decided to start piecing them together and making something out of them as I figured I'm never going to get rid of them. Can you turn a little bit toward the camera and then let's turn around the back the back. Very nice. Eventually most of my clothing is going to be covered but I kind of go with what I feel and if I feel don't feel like working on a certain item but I feel like working on another I'll start and begin where I feel like it. I've kind of gone with a black and yellow and white theme for these but we'll see where they go. I kind of like that they're just sort of one sided there. It's kind of fun but you never know. You never know. Thank you. Well thank you. I hope you have quite a lot of success. You're going to graduate and then where do you want to go with this? I don't really know. Most of the stuff that I've made is stuff that I just wear and I haven't actually this is actually my first fashion show that I have. Most of the stuff that she's modeled has been act just wearing it about in person and whatnot. I'll see if I go to any more of them. I plan on maybe go to a shoemaking school. I don't really know yet so. And this has been a very exciting time for you and the students at school but I hear the program is closing. Yeah. Yeah. Our fashion program of pads is being cut by the school board and after 27 years this is the last year and we've tried to get them to keep it I'm sorry but at least you got to get through the program. Thank you David. I'm now with Justin Desper. Hi Justin. Hello. Designs fashion and design student at Mecca. Yes. Senior. Senior yes. What happens after this? I go to Europe for a month the day after graduation and then I have an internship with Jill McGowan here in town and I've been talking to transform it in Gorham. Fantastic. So tell me what inspires you? How do you get the ideas for your designs? Well I was a biology student for a few years before I went to Mecca. So I've done a lot of my work based off of things in the natural world that I find beautiful and a lot of the time those aren't things that other people typically find beautiful like fungus, insects. So I sort of like to show what I like about them. And do you take designs from looking through the microscope as well? Not so much. I've taken patterns off of things but nothing really microscopic not yet at least. What an interesting you know inspiration for you. Yeah yeah I think it was sort of just culture shock coming into Mecca from a science background so I just sort of latched on to something that I knew. And why did you why did you make that change from from biology to fashion? Well I had I always loved animals and learning about them and you know like playing with bugs in my backyard but the more I got into the biology program and seeing the jobs out there it just wasn't really for me and I'd got into making costumes for conventions and it was to the point that I was doing that like exclusively in my free time and not doing homework because of it and so when I realized biology wasn't the path that just sort of made sense. Well let's look at some of your lovely designs. Could you introduce your models? So this is Charlotte. She is wearing a piece modeled after the Clatheris Crispus fungus. Charlotte's also a Mecca student, Freshman. Yeah. So this is based on a fungus that looks like this. Yeah yeah pretty much looks like this. I love this dress. Would you turn around please? Thank you. And are you a design student as well? I will be. When I turn senior I'll graduate with a degree in fashion. But you're just getting started here so. Well thank you. So this is Audrey, another Mecca student. This is based off of the maiden veil fungus. So this piece I really wanted to play with the laser cutter and so I built this whole pattern digitally by taking that pattern from a picture of the fungus and placing it on the pattern pieces for the dress and then had it all laser cut. That's fascinating. Could you turn for us? Oh it's great. Terrific. And what is that? What is the fabric? It's a leather? It's a leather. Yeah. Very nice. Thank you. This is just elegant. Yeah. Ellie in the elegant dress. Yeah so this piece is called Lamella which is the term for the little gill things underneath mushroom caps. So yeah that's sort of. I can see. It's lovely. How does it feel wearing that dress? It's good. Do you feel rather elegant? Yes. I think it brings brings me up. Could you turn around so we could see the back? Oh it's just it's just beautiful. Thank you so much. All three of them are lovely. Well thank you and have fun at the show tonight. I hope to. Thank you so much. Bye bye. Bye.


Perhaps you've played with bar magnets or have a magnet on your fridge, but did you know that the earth is a giant magnet? In fact this is how compasses work. In this video we're going to look at earth's magnetic field and compasses in more detail. But first you need to know a little more about magnets such as magnets have a north and south pole and a magnetic field shaped like this. You may want to watch this video for a quick recap. Compasses show directions, but how do they actually work? Compasses have a freely spinning needle which is a magnet. As the earth is a giant magnet, the compass and the earth act as any two magnets do. The north pole of the compass is attracted to the south magnetic pole of the earth. Now this is a rather confusing part. The north pole geographically as we think about it is actually a south magnetic pole. But all you really need to know is that the earth is a giant magnet which is why we can use compasses to show us which way north is. Did you know that the north pole is not the same as the magnetic north as the north pole is determined by the earth's spin and the magnetic north by the direction of compass points? However unlike any ordinary magnet the magnetic earth's poles can switch. So the north pole becomes the south and the south pole becomes the north. This pole reversal has actually happened many times before and it's likely to happen again soon. In fact in the last 20 million years it has switched every 200,000 to 300,000 years which is quite often considering how or old the world actually is. The proof for this magical reversal is right at the bottom of the ocean on either side of the mid-acvantic rift. As rising lava here solidifies it becomes permanently magnetized in the direction the earth's magnetic field and by taking sediment cores from the surrounding ocean floor scientists are able to see bands from the switching poles. You might now be wondering how on earth quite literally can such a phenomenon occur? Geophysicists aren't entirely sure however they think it's something to do with the earth's soft iron core being surrounded by hot liquid metal and the electric currents produced within this layer.  Well it plays a big part in maintaining earth's atmosphere. Solar wind is a flow of charged particles coming from the Sun. The earth's magnetism usually protects the surface of the earth from these particles but if some manage to get through then we can see the aurora also known as the northern lights. If there is no magnetic field the solar wind would strip away the earth's atmosphere leaving the earth's surface exposed to the damaging UV light rays from the Sun. Interestingly this gives rise to one theory about why Mars barely has an atmosphere. If its magnetic field was switched off somehow then its atmosphere would have been broken down by the solar wind. So there we have the huge magnet that is the earth. The geographic north pole is slightly away from the magnetic north pole which is technically the south pole of a magnet and then to add more confusion the pole reversal happens every so often so that the magnetic north becomes the south for a few hundred thousand years.


The 60-hour ITTT course with or without tutor support is an introductory course in teaching English as a foreign language. The course consists of 10 units and can be studied by trainees in their own time and at their own pace from anywhere in the world. Once you've signed up, you'll receive a username and password via email, which you can use to log into the course when you're ready to start. Here's what you get from your 60-hour online course. High quality materials, professional tutor assistance throughout the course, internationally recognized TEFL or TESOL certification, hard copy ITTT certificate with individual verification number, certificate welcomed by employers around the world, access to lifetime job support from ITTT. You will have 6 months to complete the course from when you first log in. Each unit has an accompanying test which you need to submit before moving on to the next unit with a final lesson planning task after unit 10. The 60-hour online course with tutor support gives you the opportunity to contact a professional teacher trainer with any questions you may have about the course contents or any aspect of TEFL. You will also receive 10 videos that can be watched online or downloaded and watched at your leisure. Please note that the number of hours, 60, is the number of hours that the course has been externally accredited for, based on the course content and perceived number of study hours needed to complete the course. The actual time needed to complete the course may be more or less than 60 hours, depending on how quickly you read, process the information and complete the unit tests. Uncompletion of the course, your embossed ITTT certificate will be sent out to you via registered post within two working days. For an express delivery, you can opt to receive it via DHL for a small extra fee. There will also be a scanned PDF version of the certificate available to you while you're waiting for the original to arrive. At that stage, you can take advantage of our job's assistance. Just let us know where in the world you'd like to teach and we'll get back to you with access to our graduates resource website plus current available teaching positions and lists of schools and contacts for that country. Our graduate support services are available to all course graduates and include lifetime support throughout your TEFL career, exclusive leads on unadvertised jobs, unique databases of potential employers, TEFL, CV, resume writing, how to find TEFL job vacancies, how to effectively apply for TEFL jobs, interview preparation, the 60-hour course is designed as a taster course, which gives participants an idea of what it's like to teach English in the classroom. It deals with the general concepts that would be involved and deals primarily with teaching methodology. During the course, you'll learn the steps you will need to go through in a TEFL lesson to make it effective. Many TEFL employers around the world prefer their job applicants to have a certificate of at least 100 or 120 hours, so anyone considering our 60-hour course looking to gain employment abroad should bear in mind that this certification course is intended for teaching support roles and volunteer work. If your plan is to look for a paid teaching position, we would recommend the ITTT 120-hour course. Please visit www.teflcourse.net to apply for your course. You will hear back from us promptly. We look forward to helping you teach English as a foreign language in the destination of your choice.


Out of all the foods that have existed throughout human history, bone marrow is by far the most important thing we have ever eaten. Wild animals don't contain adequate fat stores outside of their marrow tissue. Wild game is very lean. And there was also a limited brain size of these animals, making the marrow tissue the only high source of caloric as well as micronutrient nutrition from any food source we had access to, plant and animal alike.  In our time of caloric excess, all of this food, carbohydrates, refined food, we need to focus more on micronutrients. We need to focus more on these vitamins, these minerals, but our ancestors didn't have to worry about that. What they had to worry about was surviving. And the caloric density of marrow combined with its high fat and cholesterol content makes it very clear that these nutrients aren't as important as the calories in the context of the natural human diet. The human brain is very energy demanding and a diet of lean wild game meat would not be able to sustain its size, let alone a vegan or vegetarian diet. A main correlation to meat eating is increased body and brain size with a decrease in tooth and gut size. We observe this in all herbivorous animals, their stomach size in relation to their body size is much larger than that of a human, typically four to six times more. There is some archeological evidence suggesting that human hand dexterity developed because of the use of tools to hunt animals as well as break marrow bones. I'm assuming the scavenging of corpses and breaking of these marrow bones happened before we were actually hunting the animals and then as we developed this high caloric diet we started hunting ourselves as we became more intelligent. This creates an interesting scenario. The difference between grain fed and grass fed muscle meat is less obvious than the difference between grain fed and grass fed fat. The muscle meat the leaner tissue is much less affected by a negative or poor diet and in this case specifically bone marrow from a conventionally raised grain finished animal can be nearly inedible. The flavor is typically disgusting, it has a dry chalky texture, it's clearly from a sick animal and unfortunately most animal sources of fat need to be high quality in order to be healthy for your as well as taste okay. Keep in mind a restaurant can serve low quality bone marrow and low quality steak because it's heavily seasoned, the bone marrow might be spread on toast, the steak might be served with butter and accoutrements maybe even steak sauce and this kind of disguises the negative flavors that you would be noticing much more in a lighter cooked piece of meat or a raw unseasoned piece of meat. Think about it, toxins and negative substances are stored in our fat so when you have an animal that's of very poor quality is going to really taste like that in the fat tissue and not only does the fat taste inedible the texture and how it looks is so unusual it's not considered good for human consumption by most butchers that's why they throw it out and that's why a lot of people have hard time accessing it. Here is a book titled The Fat of the Land by Volyamer Stefansson. He was an arctic explorer who subsisted off of a meat based diet for most of his life and learned the food preference of First Nation Alaskans, the people that lived in the type of climate he was exploring. What most people know as the Inuits or Eskimos which is not proper terminology. In this book the focus is on the importance of the fatty tissue on animals as a source of calories and nourishment for these people. Marrow is one of the most prized foods that was spoken about in this book, The Fat of the Land. The interesting thing about Marrow and the real reason I am making this video is that it varies depending on the bone it comes from, even from the same animal. The upper parts of the arms and legs have a different texture and taste than the lower parts of the arms and legs. These preferences for preparation and foods apply to the dozens of animals that were hunted and accordingly the part of the animal the fat is from. Marrow was always preferred above all of the other fats. The further down on the body the Marrow was the more it was preferred. So the lower leg Marrow was preferred over the upper leg Marrow. The upper leg Marrow is described as more of a harder, more tallow like texture and as we mentioned it was typically boiled. The lower leg Marrow is softer, creamier but far less plentiful on the animal. It has a lower yield. And cooking the lower leg Marrow was actually considered ruining a delicacy by these people. Interestingly these hunters did actually like two foods more than Marrow or at least they were comparable boiled moose nose and the boiled liver of any fatty fish. We don't have those two foods and as I am not in Alaska I am not quite sure we will ever have those two foods. So today we are going to take a look at both the femur and lower leg Marrow bones and prepare them in a traditional way. Here we have the femur bones, the upper leg and here we have the tibia bones, the lower leg of the cow. We are actually going to take one of these and put it in a pot of simmering water and prepare it traditionally. I am not sure it is going to work because they boiled the bones when they were whole they weren't split like this and then they cracked them open and let the Marrow leak out. So I have a feeling if I put the Marrow in this pot of simmering water it is going to melt but we might as well try it. Worst case scenario we just won't have that one. So this is going to go. First thing you will notice is the yield of the Marrow. You know if we take this Marrow bone and we try to extract the Marrow with like a butter knife there is a lot of Marrow in here. There is a lot. It is a pretty high yielding bone in general. But this Marrow when we take it out it is pretty soft actually but it crumbles apart it has some firmness to it and this is the Marrow most people are known to consume. This is what we mostly have. Now the tibia much lower yield. It looks like there is a decent amount of Marrow in here but if you actually look up close a little bit this is actually one of those bones where the yield is very low. There is actually very little to no Marrow in this bone. If we scrape this bone there is like nothing in it. See how low the yield is. Most of them aren't like this. That is literally all that is in there. This one looks like it has a bit more. This one has a little bit. When we go in this one this one has a decent amount of Marrow. We scoop this out but look at the difference in yield. Upper leg Marrow is probably four to five times as much Marrow as the lower leg. There might be slight variance here but for the most part I am sure that is consistently like this. But as we talked about earlier this is a bit softer, a bit creamier. Especially towards the lower part of the leg. This whole piece of Marrow, yeah it is from the lower leg Marrow bone but as you go down on the leg it gets even softer and even creamier. A good way to tell between grass and a grain fed Marrow is not just the taste. It generally has a pinker color to it. You know a pinker yellowish hue which is what we see here in this Marrow. So you could use these Marrow bones for stock or roast them, whatever. There is not a lot of meat on them so we can't really use these for much. Maybe give them to your dog. Bone Marrow is by far my favorite source of fat. If you have a really high quality grass fed beef fat, I mean that is amazing but Bone Marrow is consistently better. And the thing about Bone Marrow is that I have always loved consuming it raw. I don't usually cook it, maybe I'll sear it on the outside. But almost every time I've eaten it, it has been in a raw to very lightly cooked state. So we're going to taste both of these. And you know when we cut into the tallow, the texture is like cold butter. Has a very unique smell to it.   And raw foods in general are much milder than their cooked counterpart. So some people get kind of grossed out at the thought of eating raw food but reality is raw food is actually less flavorful and it has a nicer texture than cooked food. The best way to describe this is like really rich beef butter. Again, the flavor is very unique. You can't really explain the flavor to people. You have to try it yourself. This is so good. It's crazy how good this is. Raw, no salt. Still very tasty. You know nature tells us a lot of things. The fact that I'm able to take this bone and eat the Marrow raw and it's a delicious high caloric source of nutrition is a testament to what diet we're supposed to be following. So now we're going to have some of the Lower Leg Marrow. Oh wow. Huge difference. Huge difference. The texture is the main difference here. It's very, very creamy. Very soft. Has an even nuttier, deeper flavor. Both of these are delicious. The Lower Leg Marrow, I would say is better on its own. I've had this before and I think that the Upper Leg Marrow is something I would pair with a steak or some muscle meat as a source of fat and you know, especially considering the yield of the Lower Leg Marrow bones, it wouldn't be something you could really eat entirely as your sole source of fat. The nutrition of Bone Marrow is higher than other fat. The nutrient profile is similar. You know it has fat soluble vitamins, minerals, elements, some fatty acids, but the nutrients are more concentrated in the Marrow. This is because that even when an animal is very lean and it's essentially starving to death, it will still have fat in its Marrow stores and the body will keep its nutrients, its calories in the Bone Marrow essentially until you starve to death. So Bone Marrow is kind of like the last reservoir of nutrients in an animal. So when you're hunting an animal, even if it's a drought, there's starvation about, it's still an excellent source of nutrition and correspondingly, you know, when nutrition is plentiful, it is where most nutrients are stored. So let's take out this Boiling Marrow Bone. It didn't actually melt as much as I thought it would. Much less appealing from a color standpoint as you can see we have this gray Marrow. So this is actually how those First Nation Alaskans prepared almost everything they were eating. They would boil it and then they would let it cool and then eat it. Just about, I would say like 80-90% of the food was prepared this way. The rest of it was eaten raw or fermented. I don't really have the patience to let this cool today. And it's not really cooked all the way through because we didn't boil it enough. So we're just going to take a piece from the outside. When this is boiled, the texture resembles the lower leg Bone Marrow very similarly. Has a much more potent smell to it. Whenever you cook a food, it magnifies the flavor several times. That's really, that's way better. I've eaten a lot of Bone Marrow and I can't say I've ever boiled the Marrow, but I got to start looking into indigenous cooking methods more because that is far better than any roasted Marrow I've ever had. So although boiling doesn't sound too appealing from a culinary standpoint, it's really delicious. It has the texture of the lower leg Marrow, but it's way more flavorful than both the upper leg and the lower leg because it's cooked. And I think that is the best way I've ever tried so far to enjoy Bone Marrow. So if you, ladies and gentlemen, would like to get your hands on some Bone Marrow, we are selling both upper leg and lower leg Bone Marrows on Frankie'sFreeRangeMeat.com. Frankie's Free Range Meat is bringing you high quality nutrient-dense animal foods at an affordable price. We searched far and wide to find these quality Marrow Bones for you. These Marrow Bones I tried today are the Marrow Bones we are selling on Frankie'sFreeRangeMeat. You can also find these at a local farm or even a Whole Foods. Can be very expensive and difficult to get your hands on this Bone Marrow. We are trying to make it affordable as well as have a high level of attention to detail, you know, separating the upper leg and lower leg Marrow Bones. So thank you guys for joining me today. If you could please like the video, subscribe, hit that bell icon and share it if you can. Let me know what videos you guys would like to see in the future down in the comments below. Always open to suggestions, love making you guys happy. So thanks again for joining me today guys and enjoy the rest of your week.


The Ohio State Governor, Shea Markinde says, fiscal federalism and devolution of powers remained the only way to take Nigeria out of its problems. Markinde said true federalism is the future of democracy in the country and urged the federal government to allow states have more powers. He said states deserved to control their natural resources and the security architecture to avoid the path of destruction. Markinde spoke at the International Conference Center University of Ibadan on Tuesday during his keynote address at the Made in Shea Markinde National Democracy Summit.


We're doing the first ever swim test for the Cullis Express exercise. With all of the exercises that I do, I really enjoy the personal interaction with other countries. And just, not just the countries, but the people. The individual people that I get to meet. I like that on a personal level, and I think that it really helps build relationships that they see that everybody is a human being. Even in day two, you're starting to see some personalities show themselves, and it's terrific. They're animated, they're ready to go, and I'm pleasantly surprised. A lot of them are comfortable in the water, and they actually really enjoy going off the 3 meter. I'm excited to see what some of these teams do on the water.


Welcome to this video. Today you're going to learn how to use when and while correctly. Of course, I'm Jennifer from jforisenglish.com and this channel is dedicated to helping you sound like a fluent, confident, natural English speaker. Now, before we go any further, make sure you subscribe and hit that bell icon so you're notified every time I post a new lesson. Now, let's dive in with this video. Today, you're going to learn how to use when and while correctly and grammatically correct sentences. Now, when is used to mean at or immediately after a specific point in time? While is used with a duration of time. Now, an easy trick to remember just right off the bat is that when is used with the past simple and while is used with a continuous verb tense, a progressive verb tense. So a verb in ing, generally the past continuous. So that's something that you can easily remember. But let's look at a few examples. We use when with a specific moment in time. So I could say when the phone rang, I was cooking. So the phone rang at a specific moment in time. When the phone rang, I was cooking. Now, I could take the same sentence and just switch the order and use while instead. So here in this sentence, when the phone rang, I was cooking, where's the duration? Where's the action that has a duration to it? A start and a finish, a continuation. It's cooking, right? So I can start my sentence with cooking and then use while because we generally use while with a past continuous. So I could say while I was cooking, the phone rang. Now you might be thinking but a phone rings for a period of time. It starts ringing and then it rings and rings and rings and rings and then it ends ringing. But the thing is when I say the phone rang, I'm not talking about a continuation. I'm changing it to a specific moment. The phone rang at 4.05 p.m., a specific moment. Now if I wanted to talk about a duration of that event, I can absolutely do that. But I would need to change my verb tense to the past continuous. And I could say while the phone was ringing, I was outside. So in this case, I'm using while and I changed the phone rang. I changed the past simple to the past continuous because I want to talk about the duration. I want to talk about the fact that the phone started ringing at 4.05 and continued ringing until 4.07. Okay? So I want to talk about that duration. While the phone was ringing, I was outside. So it is possible that you can change the verb tense if you want to focus on a specific precise moment or if you want to focus on a duration. So keep that in mind. Now another reason why my first example was in the past simple when the phone rang is because we use short duration, we use when, and then we use longer duration with while. So for example, I could say cover your mouth when coughing.  Now notice I left the verb in a continuous verb coughing is a continuous verb. However, I'm viewing that as a short duration.  But in action with a longer duration, we generally use while. So I could say you should eat healthy while recovering while recovering. So I view a cough as a short duration. And I view the recovery as a longer duration. And I use when with the short duration and while with the long duration. Now keep in mind that this is subjective. So one native speaker might use when and while because how they view a duration as short and long can be different. So sometimes students get really confused when they see when being used with a continuous verb. So just know it is possible and it just depends on the speaker's perspective. And if they view the action as a short duration, you can use when and then a longer duration you can use while. Now the final thing you need to keep in mind is that in English, we have something called state of verbs. So state of verbs are simply states. And we view that there is no action involved in a state of verb. Because of that, there's no continuation. And we don't use while with state of verbs. And that's why I say when I was a kid. Okay, when I was a kid. Now, of course, the period of time when I was a kid is started at a period of time and it continued and continued until a period of time. So there is technically a continuation. But was the verb to be simply in the past is a state of verb. And we don't put that verb in a continuous form. Because of that, we use when when I was a kid. It is not common to say while I was a kid that doesn't sound right to a native speaker. So you can use when with a period of time in your life and a specific age. So I could say when I was 16, even though 16 has a start to it and a finish to it, there's technically a duration. It's a state of verb because we use to be with the age. So when I was a kid, when I was in university, when I was 16, we use when and the past simple. Now non state of verbs, we just refer to as action verbs. So any verb that has an action involved, you can think of an action in terms of a movement. In that case, we can put it in a continuous form and we would use while. So I could say while I was driving, I saw an accident while I was driving. So of course, drive, there's an action involved while I was driving. But let's say I wanted to change the order and I wanted to focus on the verb see or maybe even hear. Well, our senses are state of verbs. So I would say when I saw the accident or when I heard the accident, those are state of verbs and I would use when. When I saw the accident, I was driving. So just remember that your choice of when or while depends on whether or not there's a duration involved. If there's a duration, use while. If it's a short duration, you can use when. If it's a longer duration, use while. If it's a state of verb, use when. And if it's an action verb and you're talking about the duration, use while. And also remember that it is possible to use when with an ing verb. Okay? So now it's your turn to practice. I want you to write two examples with when and two examples with while and leave those in the comments below. If you found this video helpful, please hit the like button, share it with your friends, and of course, subscribe. Now, before you go, make sure you head on over to my website, jforestenglish.com, and download your free speaking guide. In this guide, I share six tips on how to speak English fluently and confidently. And until next time, happy studying. Awesome job getting the hang of when and while. Make sure you do those practice exercises. They'll really help you understand these concepts. And I'll see you in my next video. Bye.


The tablet of Tara sent me on a date with Zayn and that was the worst date of my life. I'm Dominika and I'm here for my ex Zayn. He's hurt me in the past. He cheated on me and I'm here to ruin his holiday. How are you been? Long time, okay.  How are you doing now? Yeah, not bad. It's been a very chill time. Oh really? It's gonna change. I am excited and super happy that I do have the opportunity to show other girls how he really is and after this, no one is going to want him no more.  Cheated on me so many times.   You're not one to talk about cheating. You're the one that did things first. Really? You were cheating on me for one and a half years. I was waiting.  It used tights in places. The tablet of Tara sent me on a date with Zayn and that was the worst date of my life. We were arguing.   You can't face the truth. You can't say that. Actually, I fully faced the truth and I told you everything you did. So you didn't cheat on me? No, I didn't. He didn't want to shut up and let me speak and I've had enough and threw the wine on him. It's okay. So when I walked into the villa last night, I was really surprised. The girls were really nice and welcomed me well because they hate Zayn. Obviously, you can look at his face and see that he's a player. Game player. He showed her the proof of the recording of the guy saying that yeah, he slept with her in France. Do you really want to finish out? Yeah, of course. I did and he was amazing. Do you want me to finish out? Towards the end, I felt really sorry for Zayn because everybody was hating on him.    He's human and he still has feelings. Last night, everybody was started hating on Zayn and I ended up feeling really sorry for him because at some point, I did love him. Oh, I really don't want this. I'm dreading this one. One of you must have to leave right now. Zayn or Alicia, Rianne, you choose. After Zayn got sent home on the boat, I felt really sorry and I didn't want this to happen so soon, but I do feel like he's going to be happier at home and this is not the place for him to be. I'm really sorry Zayn, you've got this going on. I don't think there's any point for him staying here because no one really wants him.


And if you ever saw it, you would even say it glows I love you, they're really cute They never let me put it It's a foggy Christmas Eve, Santa came to say On the telephone Oh Rudolph, which you know so well, won't you ride my sleigh tonight? Then I heard the reindeer's of him, and they shouted out Wittly Yippee!  What?  Don't watch all me go and get an orange


We now know that cells interact with the surrounding environment through receptors on their cell surface that internalize specific molecules bound to it to influence the biology of the cell, which in some cases results in the secretion of other molecules. This very eloquent way of establishing a perfect harmony between a cell and its environment was only discovered in 1973, thanks to clever experiments from Joseph Goldstein and Michael Brown in their article titled, Identification of a Defect in the Regulation of HMGCoA Reductase Activity associated with overproduction of cholesterol, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. These scientists wanted to understand the mechanism causing a very peculiar disease called familial hypercholesterolemia, which is a genetic disease transmitted from parent to child in an autosomal dominant way, where one mutant copy of the gene was sufficient to cause disease. But no one knew what the disease gene was or what it did. In individuals with two mutant copies of the gene, the disease was much more severe, with death before the age of 30. But the more striking feature of the disease was the accumulation of low density lipoprotein LDL, also known as bad cholesterol, in pockets under the skin visible to the naked eye, in the blood and along the walls of arteries, causing heart disease in teenagers. Normally, each molecule of LDL has 1,500 molecules of cholesterol. LDL is under a form of negative feedback, meaning that when there is too much LDL in the blood, LDL blocks its own production in order to keep levels at a healthy state. When LDL levels are low, the proteins responsible for producing LDL are active, releasing the inhibition. In FH, LDL accumulates in the blood, seemingly without control. Being determined to find out what causes FH, these two scientists devised experiments in order to answer this very important question. Because LDL production was under negative feedback control, this gave the two scientists a clue that the regulation of LDL metabolism, the cycle regulating its synthesis and breakdown, may be to blame. First, they wondered if the LDL produced from FH patients was different from that produced in normal individuals, rendering the FH LDL unable to regulate cellular cholesterol production. They took LDL from the blood of an FH and a normal patient and put it into the surrounding media of cells in a petri dish. They measured whether the LDL from the two individuals had different regulatory effects on the production of cholesterol within the cell. But both samples of LDL were able to inhibit the production of additional LDL into the same extent, as you would expect from negative feedback regulation. So the LDL produced from FH patients was normal and able to block synthesis of additional cholesterol. In that case, how did LDL keep accumulating in these patients? Next, the scientists took cells from a 12-year-old girl suffering from FH and a healthy patient to grow them in a petri dish. They were curious to examine how the presence or absence of LDL in the surrounding media would affect the cell's production of cholesterol. When LDL was absent, FH and normal cells produced large amounts of cholesterol. But when LDL was added back, the normal cells stopped producing cholesterol while the FH cells kept up cholesterol production 80 times higher than normal cells, seemingly unaware that the levels of LDL in the media had changed. These experiments suggested that the cell itself was not able to respond to LDL present outside of the cell, breaking the communication between the inside and the outside of the cell. This important clue led to the discovery of the LDL receptor on the cell surface. LDL outside the cell binds to the LDL receptor, gets internalized and broken down to release cholesterol, which can then inhibit the cholesterol-producing enzyme from making more cholesterol. The LDL receptor then returns to the surface, making one round trip every 20 minutes. This is an example of receptor-mediated endocytosis. With a few important experiments, these two scientists discovered that FH is due to a mutation in the receptor for LDL, rendering it dysfunctional. Without this receptor, LDL outside the cell can't signal to the cholesterol machinery in the cell and stop its activity. Instead, LDL keeps being produced in the cell and accumulates everywhere in the body. This was the first example of receptor-mediated endocytosis, which has since been demonstrated to be an incredibly important and key regulatory mechanism for a cell to communicate with its environment. In this really great example, studying a rare genetic disease informed our understanding of a very important basic biological pathway, relevant to all cells and to everyone. Brown and Goldstein won the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine in 1985 for their research. They run a joint laboratory and have been collaborating and sharing the discoveries with each other for over 40 years. This video has been provided to you by Eureka Science and iBiology, bringing the world's best biology to you.


And this equation is alright because it has a length equal to a length. You can't have a length equal to a time. That just doesn't make any sense. Alright, and so this idea that all relationships between physical quantities had to have the correct physical dimensions, although it does seem kind of obvious, on the scale of human endeavour it's actually quite a new idea. It was only invented in 1822 by Joseph Fourier. And occasionally we still make mistakes along those lines. For example, in 2008 the Australian Capital Territory Government introduced the Electricity Feed-In Bill. And the idea of this bill was to give people an incentive to put solar cells on the roofs of their houses by making sure that they got full price for the electricity that they generated. But in order to not distort the market commercially, they put a cap on how many solar panels you could put on your roof and said that households would only get the full price if they had up to 10 kilowatt hours of generating capacity on their roof. The problem? A kilowatt hour is not a unit of power. It's a unit of energy. So power is defined as a certain amount of energy per unit time.  And a typical solar installation on a roof might have something between 2 to 8 kilowatts of capacity. In other words, under full sunshine you'd expect 2 to 8 kilowatts of electricity to be generated. And so this legislation was probably meant to say that you get full price of electricity provided your total capacity was at or below 10 kilowatts. But it's not really the done thing to just kind of assume that when people write things in legislation they probably meant something else and so we'll go with that. And so this is a real problem. Kilowatt hours does come up in electricity bills quite a lot. If we just rearrange this equation, we can see that if we multiply both sides by time then the energy you get is just the power times the time. And just as kilowatts is a reasonable unit for power coming off a roof and hour is a reasonable unit of time, it turns out that the kilowatt hour is the unit of energy that electricity companies use to bill us. And so for example, you might spend 20 cents per kilowatt hour for your electricity.


Welcome to NPTEL course on rural water resource management. This is week 12 lecture four. In this week, we have been looking at multiple databases that can aid our understanding on rural water resource management. And also get us data for future assessments of rural water resources. On this note, we will be looking at some more data from the water balance. In the past lectures, we looked at soil moisture, rainfall, storage, and other aspects of the water balance. In today's lecture, I will be showcasing the remote sensing power in collecting data for rural water management. So in the past lectures, we have seen that there are a lot of government data. However, the time and space in which it is available is limited. For example, your groundwater is taken in once in every four months. And it is not spread across the country, but also has some concentrations in some regions. So this may not be applicable to a rural entity where they may not have any groundwater well monitoring system, and or a river flow influence so that then discharge value. So in that kind of cases, it is best to augment, which means join observation data and remote sensing data. That is what IMD has done very clearly. The Indian Meteorological Department where they take observation rainfall and then satellite rainfall data and then they club it into one rainfall data. So now it is a mixture of observation and satellite data. Before that, it was only observation data or only satellite data and there were some issues on both sides. But now when they are merged, then the data product becomes more robust and also has better spatial and temporal resolution. Now, since this is a test, we now know that remote sensing use is pretty good for our system. What do we do? We need to have more access to this data. So for that, ISRO has made a data website called Boone and this requires a lot of GIS and remote sensing, which you could learn from other resources. But I'm just going to focus on the rural water databases available in Boone. So if you look at the progression of this two lecture series, you would have seen that I refer to papers, NGO reports, manuals, World Bank reports, etc. And then I also refer to the databases available in these systems. Then moving on, I also showed you how you could collect data from government and private entities. And now we have come to the remote sensing phase. So the Boone database has a lot of applications and it is made by the ISRO team in the space research organization under its multiple umbrellas and RSC, RSC, SC, SC, where they give near real-time data for rural water management. There are multiple data that come in and in the next lecture, which is the lecture five, we'll be going through to show you how a model can be created for which you need multiple data and that data is not readily available. And so in that occasion, remote sensing data helps. Some data are very expensive to get. You have to buy it and some data, the temporal or spatial resolution is limited. So how do you balance between these two? You add some open source satellite data, which can capture all the dynamics, but it needs hand-holding of observation data. So the observation data you get from your local resources, IMB, CWC, etc. And then you merge it with the remote sensing data to get a good data product out. And they have done like this for near real-time data for rural water management. What do you mean by near real-time is almost from the data of access, it is very close. So in the soil moisture, I would say it is near real-time because they were giving you data within four days. But as ET, they were giving you data in one week. So somewhere we could say that it is near real-time, all these databases. One example of the data they give is NDVI, which is a Normalized Difference Vegetation Index. It is kind of an indicator of vegetation. Is vegetation there or not? So you could use land use land cover, but land use land cover doesn't also talk about water and stress, etc. Whereas this indicator can talk about it. So how they estimate these indicators, why, etc., is beyond the scope. But what I am trying to say is there are data for rural water management in the remote sensing platform. For example, rainfall, slope, how slopey the land is, land use, land cover. If you have barren land versus soil data, all these you can take from Bhuvan. Then you have your NDVI indicators, which can be guiding you towards proper water management. They are big data archives, so you don't have to always download data and keep it on your system, make it heavy. You can always download whatever you need from these databases and then update. Keep updating your database with the data they have. One more private agency is Google Earth Engine, which I will also showcase in this lecture, because there are some data which you can get it from Bhuvan, but there are other data which are available from Google Earth Engine. So Google Earth Engine is similar to Bhuvan, but it brings in data from various satellite platforms. Not only ISRO, but it takes from NASA, from the US, ESA from the European Space Agency, Europe, Japan, etc. So all these data come together in a single platform and that is called Google Earth Engine. So let's look at this Bhuvan. I will first look at it. So Bhuvan has both light and normal connect. First, I'll try to do a local normal Bhuvan website because it has more GUI interface. If it doesn't work because of the internet, we will show you the light. And this is how the Google Earth Engine works. So you have satellite data on one side. It is mixed with algorithms. The algorithms can be from Google Earth Engine or your algorithm. For example, you want to mix data observation plus remote sensing data. All these you can give algorithms. You can type it as an algorithm in the Google Earth Engine and it will run for you and give you output. The output could be a merge product. The output could be a scaled product or a zoomed in product of a particular region. You can also have multiple layers together to give one value, which talks about stress indicators for water management. Let's take an example. So rural water management, stress can be indicated by your water levels in the dam. So water level could indicate stress. Another indicator could be your rainfall. If the rainfall is not there, you can say it is a stress. The other indicator is you will have a lot of water. But if the plants are taking more water because of the crop type, people like eucalyptus, then you will say it is another stress. So these stresses need not be just associated with one data, like, for example, rainfall. It can be associated with multiple data. So we have to be open to capture these multiple data to assess what is the rural water risk. And that helps us to be different than just looking at rainfall. For example, if you just look at rainfall and say, oh, the water is there, so it should be okay. But then when you go to the ground, you notice that the rainfall happens, but everything washes away because the slope is so high, the runoff happens. Or the plants are taking too much water than needed eucalyptus, so you don't have water in the lakes and ponds. So these kind of things can be put in a model after you understand, for which you need multiple databases. Just not having rainfall or soil moisture can help for this exercise because the problems are complex and multidisciplinary. So you also need multidisciplinary approach to capture the data and use the data in your rural water resource assessment work. It could be simple or very complex. Either way, you have to include multiple data. Just not one data is enough. For example, you'll have rainfall but not discharge. Maybe there's a dam which is actually closing the water for which you need the location of the dams. And then the slope of the land where the water is taken from rainfall into the dams, you think? Okay, so now we are going to look at this Bhuvan website. So I'm going to share the website of Bhuvan. Okay, so I'll just first start with the Google search. You can just type Bhuvan Israel. And then the first one is India Geo Platform of Israel, Indian Geo Platform of Israel and you can see .nrsc, which is the National Remote Sensing Center. So as I said, they take the data and then they put it in these kind of platforms so that anyone can access. A lot of people access this data, multiple people from India and abroad. So it is a very useful website for data collection. Let's do the open archive data. Okay, this is much faster than the WRIS website. Data is more but still I think because you saw they have some really good hardware and computers, they would have better access to this. So you could see that you can actually type in a location to zoom in to a particular location and see the data. Then you can collect the data and process it. Once you visualize the data processing and collecting the data is a different source like GIS and remote sensing platforms, which is not part of this course. I'm just going to show you the data availability, how you use it in your work is a different class. Okay, so right now I would just want to show you what data is available so that you could have idea that data is available. I would need to just learn the techniques. So I would first you can go to satellite the first tab on the open data archive. It will give you first satellite what data is available. Since we are starting fresh, I'll join with you guys to start fresh, then we don't know what satellite is what products. So let's not use that time. Let's go to team and products. So in team and products you can put the drop down menu, you can have land and terrain. So just click land and terrain. What is land and terrain give it gives you the elevation gradient how elevated the land is, where are the depressions etc for storage structures, farm ponds, those kind of things we can look at. Okay, so that is all given here with some snow albedo values which we're not using at this stage. Then the ocean and physical products you can click ocean and physical and then you can see heat wave temperature cyclones, those kind of things because if you're in the coastal region, these data would help or is needed very much for understanding the water coming in like in terms of rainfall, temperature, currents, all these things we can look at. The most important one we'll be looking for this class is the land and vegetation team and products. Okay, so before we go then I'll just finish this off also. So in program and projects you'll see like there is a national climate change study which has been done and a high resolution elevation map which has been done these are still updated. So you could use it if you need but I'll go back to team and products and then land and vegetation. In the land and vegetation you have products such as normalized different vegetation index, the NDVI which I talked about, or you have the global coverage and the local coverage and then the vegetation fraction. Let's first look at the vegetation fraction. When I click vegetation fraction, then the definition of the vegetation fraction comes up, which actually says what is the percentage or fraction of occupation of vegetation canopy, trees, crops, etc. To the area, so if you have 100 acres and 50 acres are with the crops, then it is 50% is the vegetation fraction. And this fraction is given as a color and the color is painted on this map, when you look at it so you can look at individual products the date in which you want, you can click it and then it says that every 15 days as a map. Okay, the last one we have this December, so I'll just click December, and then view. So you have the India color with anywhere from red to green and red implies that there is less vegetation crop, etc. Whereas your green would indicate a lot of forest cover along the area. So you see here and same like your WRS you can zoom in and zoom out those kind of things. The color is given here December 1 to 15 21. If you use a slider and jump the dates and go to a different date. What it tells you is there's some cloud cover here the white is not like empty spaces, it is not no data it is cover with cloud cloud event in December. And what you can see this these areas are 90 to 100% having the vegetation, which means that full 100 by 100% is given taken up by the vegetation, whereas in the red areas as I said these are the desert regions, etc. You see only 20 to 30% of the land being converted to which is actually that is in the most parts of India. You have that in because the car very the southern part is also having less water and high water stress. The vegetation fraction can be converted to an ET value because now you know the area. And in the previous class we discussed about evapotranspiration. So for a particular area you know the evaporation rate, you can simply multiply the area, which is a unit of meter squared, along with your evapotranspiration which is units of meters to get cubic meters of volume of water which is lost. These help widely in understanding the ground water potential, the surface water potential and remaining water resources in rural India. Because as I said there won't be any data collected in some of these regions look at it like all of India is painted and colored with different values, which means that the high spatial and temporal resolution data is helping. This data is actually merged with the previous central railroad board SWID data where they can have better indicators of why this ground water is depleting or rural water is depleting. Because now you have the maps which show how much fraction of the land is vegetated and what type you have to go down to the ground. This is one data product that we saw. The next data product is normalized difference vegetation courage for India, just for India. It doesn't populate yet because you haven't taken the date and as I said it's near real time. When you click the data you can have until December of 2021 which is kind of near real time. In your summer time you would see that during the growing period you'll see that you'll have higher data like just a week before two weeks before data you'll have. Right now because in March and February there's not much crops growing it is the winter season and the post monsoon season so you won't see much vegetation index showing in this maps. Then we have the normalized vegetation index NDVI which is a measure of the amount of vegetation on the land surface. And NDVI spatial composite images are developed to more easily distinguish between greenish green vegetation from the bare soils, bare soils is a brown soil which does not have that much of crops. Right now the data is coming up. You could see that 0 to 10 NDVI means almost barren and this part is where you have your deserts and other regions. Whereas most of this part the alluvial act of 1st etc is around 22 to 5.30 the 20.5 to 30 the NDVI range. Still it's less vegetation anything above 50 which is the green color would show healthy vegetation. So 50s are okay vegetation whereas 80s and 90s are high healthy vegetation. 90 to 100 is mostly the forest and that is why you can see forest here in the western guards some in the eastern guards and also in Assam regions the north eastern India a lot of beautiful forest are there. Right so all this can be analyzed from the NDVI data from the one website. So if you're working on government projects they would love to see these kind of images more than the Google Earth engines which are going to show. Okay, so how do we know what data what method they use for that they have a brochure you can click the brochure and it will open as a PDF file. It will tell you what satellite was used which payload etc was used to collect the data. We'll talk a lot about the technical parts of the data in the brochure. It's like buying this satellite data product but you know it is just free. Okay, the next part is your technical document which basically gives you the methodology on how they collected the data. What is the resolution, the image so this is how they calculated the NDVI. Okay, and then there's a volume fraction vegetation fraction. So all these have been given specifically for this and the data that they use would also be told what data they use to estimate these values properly. Then we have the entire world data but again as I said it takes a lot of cumbersome images to take from the world data to your location so we will not be doing that. We'll just show you what is India data. Okay, so we have seen the data range from almost 15 days and look at it 15 days December 1 to 15 and then the Jan part is not there because they haven't updated it. But normally during the growing period you will see this data available. So now you know the land use land cover type. You have the evapotranspiration. You can multiply the area to get the volume that is lost from the water balance equation. There are other products also that we could show one product I would like to show is the DEM project. So DEM are digital elevation models, how the elevation is occurring in the land. And again you don't need to put a date here because the elevation of the land is a stationary property. It may change because of land subsidence, earthquakes, movement plate movement, sectonic movements, but it doesn't change every day like your soil moisture ET or your MBVI. So all these are non-stationary products whereas here the location and the elevation for that location is a stationary product. You can see this. You can download exact range and the technical document will give you what these colors mean. For example, if you want to see Pune, the map can go to Pune and locate your elevation gradient. But you cannot directly access the values from here. It's just colored but the coloring is based on a particular value. So what you have to do is you will have to learn GIS to work on these data maps or MATLAB, SILAB, those kind of programs where they can take these GIS maps and then convert it into an Excel database. Okay, so we have seen the NDVI and other ranges in, okay, he's asking which Pune there's so many Pune. Okay, there you go. So Pune has been located with dots and that dot means, okay, then I'll just take this box of data to come. For example, I'm going to start. I'm just going to click this box data only I want. Okay, so you could take at least two data, but let me say. So you have selected all these blocks of tiles of data. You can download now then. You can download them for your Pune work because Pune, that's the center, but part of it also the district boundary also lies in the other region. So this is all with Booban. Now let me move on to Google Earth Engine. So all I have to say is Google Earth Engine. You can type it in Google. GE is the short form and you will be pulled up to this. If you have a Gmail account, you'll automatically be having an account on Google Earth Engine. Now we'll just look at data sets. So I'm just clicking data set which is on the top and then waiting for the data sets to upload. Okay, what it says is there's all a lot of data sets. You can go to view all data sets and then there's a search box which helps you to select the data. So it is running, but you can also type it here and then search. So here's all the data set. In the find all data sets, as I said, this is a big, big data set because it has a lot of satellite data from different parts of the country and the world. So you will have a lot of data on this. Let's say evapotranspiration. Okay, so there are a lot of products. There is a different couple of products, ALS, Chile product, isolation heat, actual evapotranspiration, decadal daily evapotranspiration, TERRA data. So there's a lot of data which does this ETE estimate different satellites. So the NRAC may be a different satellite. This can be a different satellite. This is my early warning system. Okay, I'm going to click the TERRA climate. So I will show you how to read the data out. Once you click the TERRA climate, the metadata or the data about the data comes in and then you can see the description and read how to get the data, look at the data. In the bands you can click and see what is each band related to what is the date, what is the data available. As in we want reference evapotranspiration and accumulation of precipitation. So you have ETE, the reference evapotranspiration is given as millimeters, same unit. The minimum is 0, maximum is 4548 millimeters. Then you have maximum temperatures. The good thing about this is when you download this data, you can readily apply it to your GIS platforms so that you can download the data and work on the water budget equation. So here you can see one satellite can give you wind speed, vapor pressure, maximum minimum temperatures, snow water equivalent, surface short radiation, how much radiation comes in. And then soil radiation, soil moisture, data, runoff precipitation, reference ETE, all these things. So all this data is shown. Let me also quickly give an example of the data. So I'm just going to come down and say open port editor. So before that it just went back to the search. I'm going to say evapotranspiration, maybe for the bandwidth and close some of the websites. And then here you have the bands as a soil evaporation, interception, vegetation transpiration. So evaporation and transpiration are kept separately. And then I can open it in port editor. So in editor the map will open and this one doesn't pull down your system. For example, it is a lot of data, but it doesn't actually work on the data on your computer. It works silently behind. And this is the Google Earth Engine, the gear box, which turns and collects data for you. Okay, so I'm going to run this. Again, the code just gives you running of the layers and then the layers are planted. What this code does, how it runs, et cetera. I would request you to read about these Google Earth engines. My point here is to show that there are multiple data available and different platforms available for total water management. The whole world is now populated. You would see that it just runs back and forth because it's a complete picture of all the countries. But for us, let's go to India. So the India platform is shown and you can download the data just for India or other countries depending on what you want to work on. So here it is. We have data for India from soil moisture, open body transpiration, all these things, which are very, very useful for farmers, but you need to localize the solution and give it. Giving an India size image may not get the administration from farmers. You need to give localized advisories and localized data. With this, I am closing today's session. Thank you.


Wait a minute. Have you heard the strange tales of the Whistler? The Whistler. I've come to the end of my rope. I've tried my best for 20 years to please Agatha. I gave up my painting and tried business after business and failed in every venture. Now I... I can't go on any longer. I'm through. Another Sunday night and again CBS presents the Whistler. I, the Whistler, know many things, for I walk by night. Many strange tales, many secrets hidden in the hearts of men and women who have stepped into the shadows. And so I tell you tonight the amazing story of the alibi. Poor Henry Farrington paces the library floor. Through his mind run the events of the past 20 years. From the day when he married the wealthy young widow Agatha Durant. Henry hadn't a dollar of his own then. Nothing but charm. He still hasn't a dollar of his own, and now very little charm. Henry was a struggling artist, but Agatha was a businesswoman and was determined to make Henry a businessman. And Henry had tried, tried hard. Agatha backed him in venture after venture, bossing him, completely dominating his every moment. But Henry experienced nothing but failure, and gradually Agatha's love turned a disgust. Oh, 20 years later, his artistic talent long since vanished. He realizes what a wreck Agatha has made of him. Morning, Agatha. I said, what are you doing? Why, I'm just thinking. Hmm, that's what I thought. What are you doing with the lights on in the daytime? Why, it's cloudy this morning. A bit dull in here. You don't need lights to think. Turn them out. Yes, Agatha.  What do you want me to do? Do you know what day this is? Why, you know, what day is it? Perhaps I've forgotten. You'd forget your head if it weren't tied on. It's the first of the month. You go into town and collect the rent on the store buildings. Very well, Agatha. Shall I deposit it in the bank? No, bring it back here. And hang on to it. You lost it last time, or so you said. I did lose it. You need a nursemaid to follow your every move. You've done a pretty good job of it. Did you order the garden hose yesterday? No, I forgot it. I had a lot on my mind. What's bothering you now? Well, I've got a chance to get in on a pretty good deal. I need some money. What kind of a deal? Well, it's an oil lease deal. Who with? Joe Hammond, a 50-50 proposition. Joe Hammond? You know better than to talk to me about Joe Hammond. He's done pretty well. Yes, for himself. Double-crossed everybody he ever came in contact with. He's a good lawyer. You mean he was. Good thing I caught up with him and had him disbarred. He'd have stolen every dime I had. It only takes $2,000. $2,000? Add up all the thousands I've given you to put over business deals, and you'd have a fortune. You haven't announced business things in your whole body. I never said I had. That was your idea. You started me on my business career, and you can take the consequences. What do you mean by that? I'm going in on that deal. I need $2,000. And one way or another, I'm going to get it. I wish I knew what you mean. You'll know later. Where you going? Into town to collect the rents. You'd better bring it back with you. I will, Agatha. I'll bring the rent and... And what? And the hose. Of course. Good morning, Agatha. Threatening me. Well, I'll soon fix him. Agatha stands staring at us. Terrible thoughts race through her mind. Thoughts of fear, disgust, hatred, money, death, revenge. Head begins to whirl. She can scarcely breathe. Her eyes bulge in terror. She clutches at her heart her throat. Higgins! Higgins! Higgins, the butler rushes in, realizes at once that Agatha has had another of her heart attacks. Carries her to the Davenport. Gives her a dose of her stimulant and calls Dr. Johnson. I heard her call to me, but she was unconscious. When I reached her, Dr. Johnson, I gave her some of her heart medicine. And I don't remember her having one of these attacks for several months again. She's had one a week for the last four or five weeks, doctor. Oh, dear. Well, she'll pull out of it in a few minutes. Her heart's in a terrible condition. She's been under some extreme emotional strain. Yes, yes, yes. She's coming round now. Oh, good morning, Agatha. What are you doing here? You haven't been eating enough apples. Who sent for you? What's happened? Well, ma'am, you had another attack. I called Dr. Johnson. Attack? Nonsense. Oh, it isn't nonsense, Agatha.  If you don't drop all this business worry and control your temper, well, you won't have many more. Oh, gosh. Tell me, what brought this on, Agatha? Some deal turned out badly. Loose a little money someplace. No, I didn't. Oh, all right, Agatha. But I'm warning you, you'd better slow down, forget business, and control that temper. Do you realize what your blood pressure is? No, and I don't care. Oh, dear. And they must have pulled a dilly. Who said anything about Henry? No, no, no. Take it easy, Agatha.  Well, I'll be running along. Good. And you rest in quiet and no temper. Goodbye, Agatha. Goodbye. Oh, Henry walks around town for a half hour and finally gets up sufficient courage to see Joe Hammond, the ex-lawyer. Well, Henry, have you got the 2000? Well, no, that is not exactly, Joe. When will you have it? I can raise it, but it'll take a little longer than you gave me. Now look, Henry, I bought that lease and gave my check for 4000. Your check bounced. You didn't have a dime and you knew it. Now I'm caught short because of you. You'd better dig up the 2000 or I'm turning it over to the county attorney. I'll get it, Joe. How will you get it? I'll figure it out. Did you ask your wife? Yes. But she refused when I told her it was a deal with you.  You know she hates me. I've told her she was all wrong about you. I couldn't stand to be around a woman like that. Sometimes I... Well, I can hardly stand it myself. I'd kill her. What did you say? I said I'd feed her ground glass. She's done enough to me. And if I had to put up with her as you have, well, I'd do something about it. What would you do, Joe? I'd wring her neck. I can't stand a bossy woman. You'd kill her, would you? Oh, well, I'm just speaking figuratively. You've tried hard, Henry. You've done your very best to be a successful businessman. Isn't your fault? So far you've failed, and she's sore about it. Left her entire fortune to her niece. I'll be a nitwit of a girl just out of school. I know, but she took out a $50,000 policy payable to me. Oh, what good does that do you?  But she isn't very well, Joe. She may live for years. You may bump off tomorrow. Yeah, of course I doubt that. Nothing wrong with you that a bank account wouldn't fix. Is that? No, just not. She's got all the money she'll ever need. She's not in a jam. She's seen everything. And we'll all go to that niece. Except the insurance made out to you.  Yeah? I'm in a jam, Henry. You're in a jam. You better start figuring some way out. I'll give you to the end of the week, Saturday at noon. You mean you must have the money by then? Oh, no. Not necessarily. But we'll just some sort of assurance that you know where you can really get it. I see. Yeah. We'll think it over. And I'll always be around if you want any legal advice. Thanks, Joe, for the extension. I'll be in touch with you. Agatha is in her room now, sleeping. Her niece has come home from college, having graduated. And brings with her a young man. The two young people are waiting for the aunt to wake up. Believe me, Janet, this is certainly a swell place. I had no idea it was like this. I thought you'd like it, Grant. I've never lived in a house with more than six rooms. This place must have at least 15. More than that, darling. Your aunt Agatha certainly must have a lot of money to be able to keep a place like this. She has. She has more than she knows what to do with. What did the butler say happened to her? Well, she had another attack. It's her heart. She has a terrible temper and pays no attention to the doctor's warnings about getting excited. According to Higgins, the doctor said he doubted if she could stand another like the one today. Hmm. Must be in pretty bad shape. Do you think she'll like me, Janet? Why shouldn't she? I do.  But don't let her upset you. She'll get used to you. I love you very much, Grant. That's all that really matters. I love you, Janet. More than anything in the world. Your aunt will see you now, Miss Janet. Thanks. Come along, Grant. All right. You wait outside the door. I want to talk to her first. I'll try to get her in a good humor. Boy, this is a tense moment. I feel like I'm going before a judge. Hello, Aunt Agatha. How do you feel? I feel all right. How long have you been here? Oh, by half an hour. Sorry to hear you had another attack today. You should take things more calmly. It's easier said than done. How's Uncle Henry? He's in town. Good for nothing, man. Oh, I wouldn't say that. What do you know about it? Nothing. Oh, I think I know Uncle Henry rather well. All men are the same. I wouldn't trust one around the street. Well, that's a matter of opinion. Um, Aunt Agatha, I... Well, I... Well, well, what's on your mind what are you trying to say? I have a surprise for you. Surprise? What do you mean? I brought a guest home with me. A guest? Hmm. The least you could do was warn me. Who is she? It isn't a girl. Who then? Just a minute. Come in, Grant. Aunt Agatha, this is Grant. Grant? Grant who? Grant Collins. I'm very happy to meet you, Mrs. Farrington. What's he doing here? He's going to stay here for a while. Why? Well, because... Because I asked him to. Well, I didn't ask him. But, Aunt Agatha, you don't understand. I understand all right. And I don't need any explanations. Is this an example of what you've been doing at college running around with men? Well, this is different. Grant is more than just a friend. I... I have enough trouble around here now without taking on any more. You'll have to leave at once. What? You don't know what you're saying. I certainly do. Perhaps I can explain... You'll keep out of this. This doesn't concern you. I'm afraid it does concern him, Aunt Agatha. Well, who is he? Where'd you meet him? What does he do? Well, I'm just an ordinary person. I haven't come from any great family if that's what you mean. And I haven't any money. What's your business? Well, I haven't any regular line. I've done a lot of things, but I'll hit on something. Hmm. Another one. Just like Henry. You ought to have more sense than that, Janet. But I love Grant. Nonsense. And I love Janet. Young man. You better leave this house before I lose my temper. I'm not going to have my knees throwing yourself away on a nobody. Now get out. Just a minute, Aunt Agatha. This is my home, too. Grant is here at my request. Here's that soul. Your home, hey. It's your home only so long as I choose to make it soul. You're my air. But if you dare to defy me, I'll change that quicker than you can bat an eye. Oh, you're jumping to conclusions. After you get to know me better, I think you'll like me, Aunt Agatha. Aunt Agatha. What do you mean by Aunt Agatha? I'm your nephew. Did you say nephew? Yes, he did. Grant and I are married. Married? We were married today.  How dare you do such a thing without consulting me? No, please, Aunt Agatha. Don't let yourself get excited. Get out of here. Get out. Please, Mrs. Farrington, give me a chance to explain. This marriage will be annulled immediately, Janet, or I'm through with you. Do you hear? I'll change the will and leave you nothing. It's final. Now get out.   Come on, Grant. Let's leave her alone before she has another chance. What do you think we should? I'm all right now. Leave me alone. Say, I never expected anything like this. Leave it at eye. She certainly is in a bad way. Yes. I didn't realize it was quite this serious.  Well, this is a pretty situation for us. I don't want you to leave, darling. You'd better wait a few days until she's better. There must be some way to win her over. I hope you're right. I'll have a talk with Uncle Henry. Some things happen to cause all this. I'll find out as soon as he comes in. Now, don't worry, darling. Everything will be all right. I hope so. I'll just keep out of our way for a few days and see what develops. Now, long after dinner, Uncle Henry sits alone in the library, deeply tossed in thought. On the desk before him is a small, calibred revolver. His fingers toy with the weapon. And as the door opens, he slips the gun into his desk drawer. Janet closes the door and steps into the room. Uncle Henry? Oh, come in, Janet. I wanted to talk with you alone. Talk with me? Very well. What is your opinion of Grant? Why, I like him. Do you suppose it would do any good if you talked to Aunt Agatha? I? You know as well as I do how she feels about me. And in her eyes, Grant is an exact counterpart of me. She thinks it's the same situation over again.  But how does she know he'll be a failure? I'm her yardstick for all men without means. What happened today to cause the heart attack? Her violent temper. But there must have been a reason. Yes, Janet, there was. I had a deal on. And I needed $2,000. She flew into a rage and had the attack after I left the house. What on earth are we going to do about it? I don't know, Janet. As for me, well... I've come to the end of my rope. I've tried my best for 20 years to please her. Now, well, I... I just can't go on any longer. I'm through. What do you mean? Just that. There's nothing left for me now. I'm too old to try anything new. Too old to go back to my painting. And I get there is becoming more resentful every day. I'm... I'm... I'm left.  Planning something, my dear? What do you mean? You mustn't, Uncle Henry. Regardless of how you feel there's still much to live for. Is there? You've always been so kind and good to me. I just couldn't stand it if you were to... No, no, no. Please, darling. I'm much older than you are. Well, I just see things differently, that's all. And it's been terrible lonely in this house since you've been gone. Now it'll become lonelier and lonelier. Filled with hatred and greed and resentment and... I couldn't stand it. Promise me.  Janet, whatever I do will be for the best. Please believe me. Everything will come out for the best. Around 12 o'clock that night, Janet, Grant and Henry go to their rooms. The big house settles down to sleep. In two hours after midnight, Agatha stirs uneasily in her bed. An eerie figure in white stands beside her.  What? Who's there? I want you. Janet, what was it? There's a medicine. Give her a dose. I'll rub her wrists. She's as cold as ice. What on earth could have happened? A nightmare? She's had quite a shock. Her pulse is fairly strong. She's coming too. What happened? You screamed. You had fainted when we got here. Yes. Yes. There was someone in this room. I saw it. Saw what? I don't know what it was. It was a figure in white. You must have had a nightmare. Maybe so. It could have been a nightmare, but it seemed so real. Look. The windows of the balcony is open. Did you open it on Agatha? No, I never keep it open. Look outside, Grant. You mean it might have been a burglar? My diamonds. It could have been a burglar. And you're screaming, frightened him away. Look in the box in the drawer. It's not a sign of anyone outside. Do you feel better now? What's happened, ma'am? Anything wrong? No, Higgins. Nothing's wrong.  It'll be all right. And lock that balcony window. Now it is the next night. Uncle Henry is sitting alone at the desk in the library, lost again in a deep study. Grant and Janitor in the living room. You really think it might have been a prowler last night, Grant? I don't know. The window was open. It could have been. I'm inclined to think it was nothing more than a nightmare. She's been so upset lately. If it was a burglar, he didn't get anything. Well, that's true. And he might try it again. He does. He's level to get a good scare. What do you mean? This. Grant, where did you get that revolver? Out of my trough. Please, Grant, I don't like guns. Let them take what they want. If you start shooting, they're liable to shoot back. Besides, jewels can be replaced. Now, don't worry, darling. I couldn't shoot anyone if I tried. Anyway, there are no bullets in it. Then what's good? Well, it's a little 32. I use in school for a starting gun. It has nothing but blanks in it. See? It won't hurt anyone, but it'll give them a good scare. No, blanks are no blanks. I don't like guns around. Now, don't worry, darling. Oh, good heavens. It's 7.30. I'd better get dressed or we'll be late for the Morrison party. Oh, yeah. You'd better hurry. I'm already. I want to see about the car. Oh, Higgins. Yes, sir. Come in, sir. I was just having a little coffee and a bite to eat. Would you care for anything, sir? No, no, thanks, sir. Did Rollins check my tires and gas? I did, sir.  I put your car in front. Oh, thanks. Excuse me, sir. Farrington residence? Yes. Oh, yes, Mr. Hammond. He's dozing in the library. I'll get him. What? Oh, oh, I see. Yes. Yes, I'll tell him. Goodbye. Joe Hammond wants Mr. Farrington to come over to his place this evening. I'll tell him. Excuse me, sir. Anything else I can do for you? No, no, I'll be running along in a few minutes. By the way, since Mr. Farrington's going out, you'd better look in on Mrs. Farrington once in a while. Oh, I will, sir. So Grant and Janet drive to the Morrison's estate to attend the charity lawn party. And Henry goes to talk things over with Joe Hammond, the ex-lawyer who holds Henry's bad check. Then, toward midnight, the lawn party breaks up and Grant and Janet return home. Well, that was a wonderful party, Grant. I never saw so many people. Friends I haven't seen for four years. I was thrilled to death. Yes, it was quite an affair. I wonder how much they raised. Good many thousands, I imagine. And did that red-headed gal sell war bonds. I'll run up to see how un-agg and aggoth is. I'll be right down. Right. I think I'll have a nightcap. Want one? No, thanks. Yeah, a big affair. Had a great time. I got to talking business with Joe Hammond and first thing I knew it was almost midnight. Grant! Grant, call Dr. Johnson! Janet, what is it? An aggoth. Come quickly, Uncle Henry. Call Dr. Johnson, Grant. You can't get him called the emergency hospital. Get a police ambulance. I'm still trying to get Dr. Johnson, Janet. Never mind, Grant. Police surgeon says we won't... we won't need Dr. Johnson. Did he pull her out of the attack? No. He couldn't do a thing for her. She was dead when they got here. Good heavens. She must have had a severe attack. Well, you see, Grant, I... Just a minute, folks. I'd like to ask you questions and I'd prefer that you didn't carry on any conversation with each other. No conversation? What do you mean, Janet? Never mind. I'll get around to that. Take all their fingerprints, Davis. Well, I'm talking. Yeah, Captain. I demand an explanation. What do you mean, fingerprints? How long have you known Janet Farrington? Oh, about six weeks. Why did you meet her? We had a dance, a party. Did you know all about her? Who she was, her family? Certainly. What do you know about him? Well, I just knew I loved him and that was enough. Well, I take it your financial condition is not so good, Grant. Well, no, I haven't any money, but what's that to do with it? Did Agatha Farrington object to your marriage? Yes, she did. She threatened to change her will unless we had the marriage in null, but... Did you care whether that happened, Grant? Well, certainly. I didn't want Janet to lose her inheritance. What are you getting at? Grant had nothing to do with it, I tell you. I know what you're inferring and it's ridiculous. Grant didn't marry me for my money. What's this about prowlers around the house? Well, we aren't sure there were prowlers. Agatha claimed someone was in her room last night. The window was wide open, but we aren't sure about it. It was a nightmare. Well, she did keep some jewelry in her room and from the looks of the room, someone certainly went through it thoroughly. Who knew about where she kept the jewelry? Why, all three of us knew. And Higgins the butler knew about it. Where's Higgins? I never thought of that. Probably in his room. I'll look. Higgins! Higgins! He's unconscious! Yeah. He's been blank-jacked. Higgins! Higgins! I must stay fellington. What's wrong? Who slugged you? Slugged me? Why, I've been asleep. That's what you think. Feel the bump on your head. Good heavens. Did you hear any shots tonight? Shots? No, no, I was in my room. I must have dozed off in the chair. And it must have been a burglar. What goes on here? Anyone would think you were trying to cook up a murder. No, Grant. The murder's already been done. What? Yes. Mrs. Fellington was shot in the chest. Twice. Shot? But that's not possible. Shot? Here you are, Captain. We found this gun in the young fellow's room. It's been fired twice. Oh, this is silly. That's a starting gun. Nothing but blanks in it. Who fired it? What? I... I have the slightest idea. All right, Davis. Take the gun and the bullets from Mrs. Fellington's body and have ballistics checked on them. Where, young fellow? According to the ballistics test, the bullets that killed her were fired from your gun. But it isn't possible, I tell you. My gun had nothing but blanks. And there were no fingerprints but yours. I'm afraid you're stuck with this deal. Oh, please, please listen. I couldn't have done it.  And furthermore, you left that party for a half hour tonight. We checked on it. We have a witness who saw you leave. All right. What if I did? My gun has blanks in it. Oh, please believe me. I couldn't bring myself to do such a thing. I couldn't. You killed Mrs. Fellington and you might as well admit it. I didn't. I didn't. Shoot her. I swear I never touched her. I can't stand by and see an innocent person suffer for this. The boy didn't do it. I did it. I had a better reason. I planned it. I'd have enough of Agathon. I was caught in a jam. I did it to get the insurance she left me. I was desperate. I came back and slugged Higgins while he was asleep. Shot Agathon and left the house. I don't believe you. You're trying to cover up for him. But it won't hold water. We've got him dead to rights. Well, I couldn't have killed her. I only wanted to scare her. What? Go ahead. Nothing. Then you did come back here. Spell it. Well, all right. I did come back. Grant, what are you saying? I had the gun, but there were nothing but blanks in it. I doped Higgins' coffee before I left the house. I came back and went to a room. I fired the blank. Bye. Well, I knew she had a weak heart. I figured the shock would bring on her death. I was the figure in her bedroom. I couldn't see Janet lose her fortune, but I didn't want to give her up. How could you? I can't believe it.  If he fired blanks, then I must have fired the bullets that actually killed her. Look at his gun. Real bullets in it. What? Why, they are bullets. Where's your gun, Farrington? Here. Open it. Why, they're blanks. That settles it. Come on, young fella. We've had enough talk about this. The evidence is all against you. Yes, Grant. The evidence is all against you. And nothing can save you now. Try as he might. Henry can never convince anyone that he planned to kill Agatha. Although it is true, he did come back and fire at her, just as you did, Grant. But it was definitely you and your gun that fired the fatal bullets. Of course, I know what you're wondering. How did the real bullets get in your revolver?  Tell us what happened. I saw Uncle Henry put a revolver in his desk as I stepped into the library that night. I was afraid he was going to kill himself. When Grant showed me his gun with the blanks, I switched the shells and their guns to keep Uncle from committing suicide.  There you are. Another tale of greed and revenge and hatred all unraveled as neatly as you please. CBS has presented The Whistler. Original music for this production was composed and conducted by Wilbur Hatch. The Whistler is written and directed by J. Donald Wilson and comes to you from Columbia Square in Hollywood. Next Sunday, same time... I, The Whistler, will return to tell you another unusual tale. This is the Columbia Broadcasting System.


Consider the importance of the table and every amazing interaction over time. Enemies have become friends, families have grown closer, diplomats have made life-changing decisions, and most important, Jesus broke bread. He broke bread with sinners like you and sinners like me. Jesus used the table to level humanity and show that love and grace were not only possible, but freely available. He did this through simple but life-changing conversation. Jesus used this physical space to show that the rich and the poor, the weak and the strong, the oppressed and the oppressor were all one. May we take this bread and may we take this cup and forever remember his sacrifice to make us one with him.


Oh, yeah, I forgot about that. So... Okay, maybe I'll go at 11. And that way... We gotta save some for Mr. Birthday's over here. Fun. Interesting update. Tell me. So... It's looking like... Saturday... Then Sunday... Ha! It will be the best weather days. Yeah!  At this point. So... That's the situation. What? But... Nora, Sarah, and Troy. What? Yeah, plan. Remember it? Yeah, but you... I just didn't know when I was going to get married. Oh, I haven't even used it yet. It moves on. It's Sunday. I've been given the honor and the privilege... Being a godfather. Oh, that's my tired Italian mafia voice. No, but for real... I've been chosen to be the godfather of Teresa. Little baby Teresa. So precious. So I'm off to the baptism in North Denver. And... Boy, it's just an honor. Just a complete honor. So... I need to go run a couple errands before then, but that's where I'm off to. The boys are with Nana. True love is resting. And this is life, people. I just got done with a nine and a half mile run. How was your day? I've skipped the question of the day for a couple days now. And... You know, things are busy. Things are happening. Whether I forget or... Yes, I'll admit I get a little lazy. But no, the question of the day today is how are you doing? Give me an update. Carol. Dave. Bridget. But... Everyone out there. I hope you're doing well. I know I've kind of been a little scatterbrained as of late, but life is a little crazy. So I hope you're doing well. Garrett. Lindsay. Oh my gosh. There's so many of you. And I love you all, but, you know, we're just all quote unquote, as I said in yesterday's vlog, surviving so we can thrive later. Right? Survive to thrive. All right. Onward. It's our life right now. This is our life. Simplicity. Survival. Survive to thrive. The baptism was beautiful. Congratulations, little Teresa. Love you. Oh, she's precious. I wish I could have filmed, but a little hard to film when you're the godfather, so I couldn't film tonight. But that's our kitchen table you just saw. We're just surviving, people. We're just surviving. I'm bringing you along for the journey. And thank you, Damien, for the great comment today about how, basically how some vlogs are almost better when they're raw in just real life. And I like kind of the polished vlog where there's music and maybe it's a little more exciting to watch for the viewer. But I must say, I am tipping the hat to all of you just for caring to come back and listen and watch even when it is so, so simple and I don't even think I filmed the boys at all today or true love. So we're just getting through right now. And yes, these are just simplicity. Just simplicity. But it's just a little different right now. All right, we will...