And welcome back everybody. You are watching the CUBE Silicon Angle TV's premiere video production where we go out to the events, the top tech events to extract the signal from the noise from the smartest people at the show. Today we're here at .com 2012 Splunk's annual user conference covering all the action. This is day two. My name is Jeff Kelly with wikibon.org and I'm joined by my co-host here Jeff Frick from Silicon Angle. Thank you Jeff. Welcome everyone. We are excited. We got a full day of lineup and some great guests yesterday. The focus was on a lot of Splunk executives. Today we've got I think more customers, more partners and some other people in the community that are interested in big data. So we start our day off with Dan Woods. He's with CITO Research. Sorry about that. And also a frequent contributor to Forbes.com. So Dan, welcome to the CUBE. Glad to have you on board. Glad to be here. So have you enjoyed the show so far? You've got to walk around, see some interesting things. What has struck you? I think it's been really interesting how Splunk is doing a good job of expanding from its core market in IT to being relevant in different spaces. One of the most interesting things I found was the idea of semantic logging. Right now Splunk is attacking all of these logs that are created by machines. Whether it's web logs or whether it's network logs. But now as time goes on I think applications are going to be recognizing important events and then writing those to logs so that the logs will not be just about machine events but they'll be about business events, customer interactions. I think that Splunk is going to be very useful in using that. I think that's going to be one major trend. I also think that it's really interesting to see how Splunk is usable as a policy engine or a monitoring engine to determine what's normal. One of the big themes at the security conference, I mean the security portion of the talk yesterday was how security can no longer be about detecting patterns of viruses because the attacks are just too sophisticated and they don't have patterns anymore. They can conceal themselves really effectively. What they can't conceal is the unusual behavior that they put forth doing their malicious work. So if you have a really good understanding of what's normal in your environment you can then recognize when something abnormal is happening that might be a security risk. Well what's normal in your environment? It's very hard to kind of figure that out and by using Splunk you can monitor all hundreds of different little ranges that were normal and notice if something strange is happening. So I think that was another sort of expansion of the use of Splunk that I found really interesting. Do you see that trend in security in security companies? I mean is that the way that they're changing the way that they sniff out and find security breaches? Absolutely. If you look at FireEye they're pioneering a whole new way of detecting threats by basically creating a sandbox environment in which they can allow something to operate. When they see what it does they can tell whether it's a malicious thing or whether it's normal. And it's much different than the kind of old model that is really broken of trying to detect threats through pattern matching. Which just doesn't work anymore. I noticed and doing a little research before he came on at CITO Research you're all about kind of teaching leadership in kind of the technical side of the house where traditionally it's been more on the business side of the house. We had Marquis on earlier and he had an interesting statement where the business people now can get information from the same data that he's watching as a security guy and glean some intelligence out of it and come up with some actionable things. So I think it is a great theme I think you guys are latched onto that now there is more kind of business responsibility and leadership responsibility in what was traditionally kind of an IT role. Let's just keep everything up and running and everybody happy. Can you talk a little bit about how you're seeing that trend and what you're doing to help these guys become kind of better business leaders? Well I think the first trend is something that Splunk has been working on for a while which is operational intelligence and the idea is that it's a gradual progression from using machine data for monitoring and operational purposes to understanding more high level concepts that you can glean from that data to then understanding business relevant events in that data and then finally having machine data whether it's from operational sources or other sources become a part of creating insights and I think that it's IT that's going to be the one that understands the all of the machine data sources. It's IT that's going to have to collect the questions that are relevant to answer and then it's IT that's going to finally close the loop and say here's the insight that we could gain and so I think that if you look at the way a data centers run right now you have all these independent systems that are doing various things but then they're also working together in a highly connected way what is business going to be like in five years it's going to be much more automated, more technology everywhere it's going to look a lot more like a data center and I think if we can actually get this right we can teach the business a little bit more how to run these complicated environments and I think things like Splunk or Swiss Army knives for making all this happen that's an interesting point because you know we're seeing especially in the marketing world for instance marketers are quickly becoming IT or I should say technology buyers as much as IT in a way so what is it going to take do you think to kind of make that transition where the business is more automated and the communication between the two between IT and business which has always been a struggle what's it going to take to make that transition so that the business can really take full advantage of what IT is capable of doing with tools like Splunk and other big data like tools that we're seeing hit the market I think that I have a pretty well developed theory of this and let me just try to summarize it the big problem right now we have with technology leadership is that the footprint of technology is rapidly expanding and we're losing control you know the IT function no longer has control because of cloud computing, mobile devices, consumerization so they have less control than ever but IT is still responsible for security for reliability for disaster recovery and so in addition IT hasn't been really well managed in that we've done a reasonably good job of keeping things running but do we know how much it all costs well to some extent and do we know what value it's providing very rarely and so if you ask somebody to prune the unimportant stuff most people can't tell you what's unimportant you know because there's no value accounting in that so I think that the first thing IT does IT needs to do is to do a better job of managing itself you know B show the value of what you're doing now the second thing I think IT needs to do is to reach out across that line and understand what the business wants to do now how do you do that that's very difficult I think a very simple way to do it is just to come around and ask the questions that would be most valuable to answer then that gives you the ammunition to say no to all of these things that come at you as an IT person you get all of these technology choices all these vendors what is Apple most proud of Apple is most proud of saying no and so what in order to understand what an IT person should say no to they have to understand what's important and so you know closing that gap is the next and once you have questions that are worth answering you can put a dollar value against those questions and then the budget's no problem you know we can answer this question that would be worth a million dollars to answer for twenty thousand dollars that's a project that's approved right there and then so then I think it's also a question of having IT assert itself and not play a role of a second class executive you know we have to realize that we alone can master this technology you're not going to teach a business person to be an IT person to understand all the potential of the technology it's up to us to really to do that and I'm going to turn my devices off now we're all connected all the time that works at all some really good insights there so I wanted to switch gears a little bit and talk about Splunk kind of as a company and where they've come from and where they are today and what you think they need to do to kind of continue on this momentum they've obviously had a great year success with IPO in April they had a great quarter they just closed picking up I think over 400 new customers in the quarter I think 98 orders of 100,000 or more so they're obviously growing and really kind of firing on all cylinders right now but as you mentioned I believe you mentioned earlier we're seeing a lot of new use cases being developed by their customer base they're starting in the infrastructure area in the data center but then they're moving to other areas we heard a great anecdote yesterday about analyzing elevator data with Splunk so we're seeing these different use cases which is very exciting but also Splunk is now going to have to continue this their momentum while scaling to new use cases into new areas what do you think they need to do to kind of keep this going as a company that's been very successful so far they've got a lot of really happy customers but keeping that going as you grow can be a challenge for companies what do you think they need to do well I think that Splunk is sort of like pearl or Java or Python in that it is a platform for doing many many different things and so in terms of going to market they have to go to market at the same time to the early adopters which they're very successful and are enthusiastically adopted by and startups especially are embrace Splunk then of course they have all the apps they're using to go in a targeted way and go after the early majority and late majority by solving specific problems but how do they become what God-free-solving called the data fabric for not just the startups not just the early adopters but for everybody else and I think the key to that is first of all this book that I was privileged to help work on with David Carrasso solves one of the big problems that happens in these early majority accounts and that is people use Splunk to solve a certain problem and then they confuse the potential of Splunk with the path they took to solve a certain problem and so one of the reasons that we wrote this book is so that it would be easier to understand the entire big picture of Splunk not just what you happen to do with it to solve your certain problem now once you do that then all of a sudden you start harvesting data and delivering it all over the place. We talked about one pattern which was the establishing what's normal for security but there's other patterns like for marketing for example is there a way that you can correlate two or three different marketing event streams that are going into Eloqua or Marketo or something but they don't exactly have an event as wide an event recognition system and maybe you can identify a really important marketing event that should be sent as a text to a salesperson. Well that's just a whole another area of event processing in one vertical and I think what's going to happen is that over time maybe Marketo and Eloqua will do that but there's all of this stuff you discover about what data can tell you before it's been embedded in an application. I talked to the guys at MessageBus who were on Silicon Angle earlier and they explained how they are using Splunk as a policy engine to keep track of the best practices that you need to adhere to so that your mail gets accepted by the big mail senders and so that shape of those policies is just crazy. They've got four different spam, four different collections of PhDs working to stop spam and each of them have a different set of rules and those rules are constantly changing so your behavior as somebody who wants to send mail and have it received has to keep up with those and they use Splunk as sort of like a first line of defense machine learning sort of knowledge capture device to do that. So you can see that here we've talked about business policy engines, we've talked about marketing events we've talked about the elevator example I think that for Splunk to really get to where it needs to be it needs to be inside these centers of excellence and not just one, it should be in the business process management center of excellence, it should be in the integration center of excellence, it should be in the business intelligence center of excellence and so when Splunk learns how to tell its story to IT so that all of these people who are doing these established functions now realize they have a much more valuable way of doing it I think that will then people will start understanding that generic operational intelligence message that Splunk has been trying to send. It's just wild to me that here we are in 2012 and one of the key attributes to help this company be successful is a book but it's a new way to do a book, as David talked about yesterday, it's being publishing on demand, it's being able to update it, it's being able to have free electronic versions that are distributed lots of different ways but at the end of the day it's still a book, it's still a great way to get information across, to give examples, to let people really tap into the power of what Splunk is delivering and it just sounds like we're just riding the tip of the iceberg as to where businesses could continue to extract value from their data via Splunk. Yeah, I think that the interest, we've done more than 25 books at CITO research on all sorts of topics from Wikis, we did Wikis for Dummies, to Lost in Translation which is about IT alignment and the most recent one was API's strategy guide that was published by O'Reilly and the thing about it is it's important not to confuse the form of the thing with the purpose of the thing the form of this is a book, it's got pages of course it could be delivered on a Kindle but the purpose is to collect a bunch of knowledge and then to stream it out in an easily digestible form that's what a book is and so will we always need to collect a bunch of knowledge and then make it palatable to certain audiences? Absolutely, that's never going to go out of style. Yeah, that's great. Thanks a lot. So we are here at Splunk's COF 2012 it's a humid day, it's not the dry heat in Las Vegas that they usually talk about, we've got about 80% humidity as the flood waters evaporate into the air. I'm here with Jeff Kelly, we're here with Dan Woods from CITO Research, again also contributes to Forbes day two of the Splunk conference coming to you from theCUBE, again at siliconangle.tv premier video broadcasting service where we do go out to the events, we talk to the people you want to hear from, we get the information you want to hear and do it in a nice way, do it in a conversation way, get right to the right to the information, it's not a press release. So we're really happy to have you, we've got a full day lined up, we've got another guest getting mic'd up over there with the crew, so we will take a short break and be back in just a few minutes. Thanks. Thanks so much Dan.


السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته Welcome to EhqamS The Show that brings you the Ehqam to do with Ramadan this season and I hope you have a very special pious full of Taqwa and full of Taqwif for Ramadan InshaAllah My name is Mos' Insha Allah and joining me as always is Sheikh Ali Maha السلام عليكم شيخنا السلام عليكم ورحمة الله How is your fast going, شيخ? الحمد لله رب العالم ما شاء الله شيخنا ، سنحصل على بعض الخروجات المختلفة من العسامة على تلك العملة ونحن نترك في المشاركات المكتبية فوثقنا في المشاركات المكتبية ، فهو يضف شيئها وكثيراً يضف تلك المشاركة أقوم بعملها المشاركات المكتبية ، هل يتعلق بشكل كذلك؟ أعوذ بالله السميع العليم من الشيطان الرجيم بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم وصلى الله عليه وسلم ، وعاله الطيبين أطاهرين المسؤول الثلاثة وصوصاً على الوصول لتشعر بشخص سيارة وكذلك يمكنك أن تعرف أن فاصد تصميم وضع when any substance be at something that you can eat or drink or something that you can't eat or you can't drink like the dust and mud and soil and so forth. وما يأتي إلى فاصد تصميم وضع when the substance is at something that you can't eat or drink. سأعود إلى فاصد تصميم وضع when any substance is at something that you can't eat or drink. now let the dust which we allow to reach the throat for example, by purpose, deliberately, so we allow it to reach by purpose be it the dust of the flour for example the wheat flour for example sometime we can eat or the dust of the soil the dust of the clay and so forth any type of dust which is thick يجب أن يصلح على أسلحة ومجموعة التي سيجعلها أسلحة ومجموعة ومجموعة المقابل أيضاً كما تقوله بشكل أسلحة أنه يجب أن يجب أن يقوم بإمكانه أسلحة لكي يصلح أسلحة أسلحة شخنة، تكلم عن أسلحة لكن ما about things like smoke or steam even? Does that invalidate the fast? Exactly again for the one who by purpose allows the thick steam to reach the one's throat. The smoke of the cigarettes for example, she share cigarettes and such like, if they reach the throat area then it will make the fasting avoid and bother again. So that's also one of the characteristics as well. That we have to make sure we avoid smoking in this month. She share as well for example and of course the thick steam. Okay so even that the e-cigarettes though the vaping ones even that's not allowed. Exactly if there is thick steam or smoke then that also we have to avoid it. Okay. Shaykhana what about those who suffer from asthma they have to take inhaling pumps. Are they allowed because this is very very thin this sort of medicine is this gas slash powder type thing is very very thin. Just you can't even see it sometimes. Is that allowed to be inhaled or does that actually make the fast for it as well? Well with regard to the asthma sufferers the gas that they use something like the gas they spray inside their throat inhalers. These are mainly don't have that particles that thick particles let's say thick dust or liquids. So they are mainly gas inhaled inside the throat and to the lungs. So in this case there is no issue with using the inhalers for the asthma sufferers. What's next on the list in terms of invalidatory or things that invalidate the fast? Yes the next one is immersing one head inside the water.  So let's say if somebody goes to the swimming pool or to the seaside or a pond or a lake.  That will invalidate his fasting according to Saeed's rule. And that's one of the مبطلات. So no swimming then in Ramallah? Well you're allowed to go inside the water be it in the swimming pool or in the lake or anywhere else.  So you go up to your neck for example and you remain inside the water the head is outside the water. And you can remain water that's fine.  Somebody pushes you in and covers your whole body and your whole head is fully immersed into water unintentionally. Then this is the fast bottle. Well if somebody falls unwillingly and unintentionally inside the water. Let's say a friend pushes him inside the water or he slips or anything else. Because it wasn't by purpose then his fast is very unaccepted.  It is where the psalm and fasting will be باطل. And he has to do the Qada of course. Because that fast now is باطل. That's the main issue. Some alama said that does not make the song bataal. It depends on the marja you follow. But the same Allah says that you have to read the song because it's bataal. If someone forgets that he's fasting and decides to swallow dust or smoke or something like that. Does that invalidate the fast? So he swallowed it and then he remembers. Oh I was fasting. Is this fast bataal or not? Well in such case as I mentioned with regard to food and drink. If somebody eats unintentionally he thinks that he's not in let's say in a state of psalm. He's used to have breakfast every day. And the same thing applies to smoking. He begins to smoke for example and allows thick dust to come to go through his throat for example. In this case because it was done unwillingly and unintentionally. Then it won't invalidates his fast. So he can remain in fast. And there's no Qaba and his fast is correct and Sahih. So Sheikhlah the next invalidator of fast. Is to remain in the state of Janaba. Now if one wakes up extremely close to the time of Fajr Adhan. And he's in the state of Janaba. According to the Sahih what should he do? Does he have enough time to eat and do the ghusl? Well if there's not enough time to eat and do the ghusl. Should he do the ghusl and not eat, keep the fast? Or should he eat, do the ghusl after Fajr Adhan? What should the individual do? Well basically fasting is also a worship. Like the praying of daily prayers. And for the one who wants to enter into the daytime of fasting. The daylight of fasting. And begins his fasting from the Fajr time. He must make sure he's in a state of purity. So if he is in the state of Janaba. He must make sure that he is pure, he is tahr. By doing the ghusl. The Wajb ghusl of Janaba. And then he can begin his fasting day. By the Fajr time. And he prays to start the morning. As I've said without the wudu. Because the Janaba ghusl itself will be replaced by the wudu. If somebody wakes up late. That there would be no time for that individual to do the ghusl. Let's say he wakes up. And only 5 minutes left to the Fajr time. And in this case if he remains with that state of Janaba. Then there's a problem with his fast. In this case he must do tayammum. Which is instead of the ghusl. And I've mentioned how we practice. Previous season yeah we did. So he does the tayammum instead of the ghusl. And when he is entered into the Fajr time. And the daytime of fasting. With this tayammum he's pure now. And then he can do ghusl. And then pray the Salah and so forth. But the main thing he must be in a purity. When he starts fasting. He cannot remain with this state. And then begins the Ibadah. Which is fasting with this impurity state. So he must make sure that he does the ghusl first. If there's no time he does the tayammum. And then he starts fasting with purity. So what if the person deliberately didn't do his ghusl. Until the closest time of Fajr. As in he woke up an hour before Fajr Adhan. He or she ate food. And then stopped and had about 20 minutes. Enough time to do ghusl. But decided not to do ghusl. And to actually delay the ghusl. To such a state that there's only 5 minutes left before Adhan time. Well in this situation. Because this person willingly and intentionally neglected. The purity before the Fajr time. In other words he entered into the Fajr time. And the daytime of fasting with impure body. And did not perform the ghusl. Or the tayammum. Which is instead of ghusl. In this situation this individual fasting will be invalidated. And he has to do again for this day. Because he entered the fasting day without ghusl or tayammum. And he had the time or was able to do that. But he delayed the time deliberately. So the song will be battle for that day. Can that individual not do tayammum just before Adhan or Fajr? As in 2-3 minutes before the Adhan. Can you do tayammum to enter it in Tahara? Or is it no because you deliberately delayed any form of purification. The fastest battle. Well if there is time for tayammum. Then he must do tayammum. Now his task. Because he delayed the ghusl. He had an hour. He just left. Doing something in the Sahar time. Eating, drinking. And he delayed the ghusl till the very short time before the Adhan. And there is no time for ghusl. Then he must switch to tayammum. He must do tayammum but the ghusl. And then he begins his fasting with pure body. Which is the tayammum. And then he does the ghusl afterwards. But that's the main thing. That the person should do something before the Fajr time. Are the ghusl if time is too short? Tayammum. You can't just stay there and sit down and say well 5 minutes left. There's no point of me doing ghusl or tayammum. You can't just go out and search for clay or soil. And then you just ignore it and delay it. Then the fast will be invalidated. And you have to do the Qaba as well. And the say it also says that that person who did not do the tayammum. Or the ghusl. He must refrain from eating and drinking the whole day. Although the psalm is bad. But as a wajib. Or we get to respecting this holy month. Or something called respecting the holy month of Ramadan. Obligatory not to eat or drink. To refrain from eating and drinking till Maghrib time. And then Maghrib time. And then he has to also do the Qaba as well. So in either cases he must not eat or drink. It doesn't mean that. Well it's an excuse for me now. I'm going to start eating and drinking. Because my stomach is battle. So I'm going to start eating. No. You have to refrain from eating and drinking. And it's wajib.  The month of Ramadan. I sense Shaykh. Shaykh. What happens to those people who unfortunately they're deep sleepers. And let's say somebody was in Janaba. And decided to go to sleep. 10, 11 o'clock at night. And said when I wake up for Suhoor. I'll do the ghusl then. But it was a deep sleeper and slept throughout the whole Suhoor. So he slept throughout the whole Fajr woke up at 9 o'clock. Can that person keep her fast? Can he go and do ghusl and continue his fast? Well for such people who are sleep so deeply and for long hours and they can't wake up even some of them for Fajr time. They miss the Fajr time because of this situation of deep sleep. For such people it's wajib, mandatory for them to do first ghusl a night before they sleep. The ghusl it's wajib for them. They say it says. They do the ghusl first and they sleep. And they can wake up whenever they wish and continue their fast. As long as they have the intention of the fasting. So if they wake up after the Fajr they have the ghusl fine. But if they know that they have this situation of deep sleep and they sleep. And then they wake up after the Fajr time or in the morning after the sunrise for example. And they even miss their Salat Subuh for example. In this case for such people their fasting will be battle and void. And they have to do according to say it. The qaza of that day and also give the kafara for this purpose. However if they managed to wake up before the Fajr time. And they did ghusl or tayamun even. That's fine. The fast will be validated. Shayna what about those who went to bed with the Nia of keeping your fast the next day. Were in deep sleep. Didn't wake up for Fajr. Didn't wake up for Sahour. And woke up and they were in the state of Janaba. They've had a wet dream or something. What about them? Is it the same for them that their fast is battle. They can't continue. For such people individuals who wake up later on. And they find themselves that they're in let's say wet dream. And as they called it. In this case it was an unintentional ejaculation. Or unwillingness to do such thing. Then their fast is valid. And they just have to do ghusl. And so forth. And that's fine. And carry on. Insha'Allah. Thank you very much Shaykh Nassent. And thank you to all those joining us for Ahqam SOS. I'm sure that it was very very nodule for yourself. Insha'Allah. Join us tomorrow. As we'll be discussing more topics in regards to Ahqam. Until then.


Dear Excellencies, Mr. Secretary General, and thank you to the hosts for the opportunity to highlight the ongoing crisis in Yemen that urgently requires international support. As the conflict in Yemen enters its seventh year, the humanitarian community continues to respond to widespread food insecurity, cholera outbreaks and displacement. The already staggering needs in Yemen have been compounded by the threat of a second wave of COVID-19, and the re-escalation of conflict in Marib, which has led to new waves of displacement of the most vulnerable families. UN data for 2021 shows record levels of acute food insecurity, raising major concerns over the impact of hunger on particularly vulnerable groups, especially internally displaced people and migrants, many of whom remain stranded in Yemen with little to no access to resources or assistance. In 2020, IOM was able to assist over 4 million people in Yemen with critical services and community recovery activities. IOM scaled up assistance to the estimated 14,500 stranded migrants in Yemen, advocating for the resumption of voluntary humanitarian return as an immediate life-saving measure. However, with over 24 million people still in need of some form of assistance, greater resources are needed to respond effectively to growing and complex needs. IOM, alongside with our humanitarian partners, are concerned about the serious impact that prolonged funding shortages will have on the ability of IDPs, migrants and other vulnerable populations to survive the looming famine, ongoing pandemic, and escalating conflict moving into 2021. Funding shortages add real consequences in 2020, which were particularly heartfelt in cities like Aden and Marib, which owes thousands of migrants and IDPs in dire need of support and with already limited access to services. While an immediate humanitarian response remains critical in Yemen, IOM continues to advocate for a lasting peaceful resolution to the conflict. IOM reiterates that an immediate suspension of hostilities, followed by a political solution, is imperative to protect the welfare of the most vulnerable populations in Yemen. This is most urgent in Marib's Governo rate, where a recent conflict continues to worsen needs on the ground, putting the lives of hundreds of thousands of IDPs, host community members and migrants at a heightened risk. Thank you to the Government of Sweden and Switzerland for their active coordination and to the donors present for their generous financial contributions and political commitment to the humanitarian response and peaceful resolution of the conflict in Yemen.


So, good afternoon. First of all, I would like to thank the organizer for this very exciting and challenging meeting, and it's my pleasure to present the National and Stratified Development of Genomic Medicine in France on behalf of these National Aliens for Life and Health Science, which has been created in 2009 in order to coordinate all the efforts in terms of health care, but also life science research, which is directed by Professor André Sirota present here. So, since one critical aspect of what we are discussing during this today's meeting is a clinical evidence, we have considered that the top priority was rare disease and cancer. Now, the national strategy was mostly inspired by the fact that, as you know, and as we are aware of that, the challenge now in this modern area of genetics is not any more the genetic variation detection, but genetic variation interpretation. I think that we all agree that if we are considering just the 1.2 of genome-corrosion due exome, we are going to identify in each exome of the patient 20,000 SNV, around 500 are rare, not present in the database, and the big challenge, especially in the clinical aspect, is to provide evidence that the SNV is involved in the disease. Of course, we need very sophisticated now statistical analysis, and we are missing at the present time in our whole countries in Europe an accurate estimate of the alleic frequency for rare variants, which we can see is below 0.1%. Of course, we need more and more very simple animal models such as zebrafish, but of course what is extremely important is the confrontation of the genotype and the phenotype, the reason why our strategy has been inspired by this challenge, and is mostly based on the development of national clinical and molecular genetic networks. So these have been performed within the framework of the French plan for rare disease. You know that in Europe we have around 25 million European citizens suffering from this rare disease, 3.5 million French citizens suffering from this rare disease, which prevalence can be estimated about 1 among 2,000, and in France under the supervision of the Ministry of Health and Solidarity and Ministry of Higher Education and Research, the big challenge was to provide expertise, but also territorial equity. It's a reason why the first action was as a first floor to create a national network of the country of what we call reference and competence clinical center for rare disease, which were split in different topics such as, for instance, cardiovascular disease or rare neurological disease, and we have over the country at the present time has conductor of this organization, roughly 131 reference center, which are going to coordinate all the competence center in order to provide an expertise at the clinical level. The second action thanks to this plan was the creation for a disease of a national networks of molecular genetics laboratories of the country, which are all specialized in a subgroup of rare disease. For instance, we have cystic fibroids, this network. We have neurogenetics networks. You will see cancer. It's outside of the fields. So this network, which has been organized through the national organization of the molecular geneticist and which is working strong collaboration with our research laboratories, which are mostly located in France in university hospitals, ensures a diagnostic of roughly 1,250 monogenic disorders corresponding to more than 1,300 gene involved in monogenic determinism, and this corresponds to more than four and red genetic analyzes, both for index cases and relatives. So we have roughly 100 molecular genetics laboratories over the countries. In the context of the technological revolution due to implementation of neck-duration sequencing, most of the laboratories are now being equipped with a NGS platform, but in the medium-sized formats, corresponding mostly to MySEC, for instance, a machine. So one important action thanks to this French plan was also the creation of the French Foundation for a Disease, which is a non-profit private structure that coordinates, stimulates, federates, and founds rare disease research. And it was very important thanks to this organization, coordinated by Professor Nicolas Levy, to facilitate access to NGS platform. And for instance, what has been done is to boost access to inter-regional platform of high throughput NGS for exome analyzes, both in research fields, but also in diagnostic fields, when of course targeted analyzes are negative. We have at the present time five inter-regional platform who have in charge to perform exome analyzes, mostly exome analyzes. Some of them are performing genome analyzes, but also bioinformatics trainings and bioinformatics analyzes. And thanks to the French plan, we had two open calls corresponding to 77 Fondant Project, and which allows us to perform more than one hundred and one thousand and one hundred exome. Now in parallel, because it's quite different, but the philosophy of the organization is the same in terms of cancer. And that was a main achievement, I think, in France. We have also what is called the Plum Cancer Consumplan, and there's a supervision of the National Cancer Institute. And the idea was also to organize these two floors, both in clinics and molecular genetics, of cancer for cancer, and that had been organized through the network of the University Hospital and the Comprehensive Cancer Center. The first floor was a network of clinical cancer genetics center. So we have now 60 clinical cancer genetics center in order to perform genetic specialization specialized in phenotypic evaluation for all the family, which are suspected to present on the basis of family background, early onset, material primary development of cancer. And we can consider that each year we have roughly 44,000 genetic sessions focused on cancer. You have here the distribution of the men and secondary clinical cancer genetics center. Similarly, as the second floor, we have now a national network of molecular genetics laboratories for inherited form of cancer, of course, for link syndrome, inherited breast, and over in cancer, but for all over a more rare, mundane form of cancer. So we have now 25 laboratories. For instance, we have in France 14 laboratories, performing the BRCA1 and BRCA2 analysis. We have 12 laboratories performing colorectal cancer gene analysis, and the 73 gene are going to be analyzed and corresponding per year, both for index cases and relative to 60,000 genetic analysis. So one action, thanks to the initiative of the National Institute and on the science part directed by Professor Fabien Calvaux, was of course to structure the next generation sequencing both at the germline and also at the somatic level in term of the targeted therapy in order to detect on the routine basis all the actionable mutations. And thanks, there is now a recognition of different platforms. And we have now nine NGS and biophobatic facilities in order to demonstrate the implementation of the structure through the country to perform exome sequencing, comparative exome sequencing between primary tumors, metastasis, and germline DNA, and of course to perform exome analysis from germline mutation detection in the context of a strong suspicion of inherited form of cancer if the targeted analysis are negative. One important mission of this network is also to perform training to biophomatic analysis and with a strong commitment of the clinician in charge of cancer. So if we are seeing what is clearly missing in France in contrast to the marvelous presentation that we had for instance in UK or the Netherlands are also very powerful is we miss definitely at the present time her national platform able to perform very high throughput NGS facilities. So we can consider that we are okay consulting the first step which is a national network of laboratories performing targeted analysis and using NGS, not only in the context of rare disease but also in the context of rare of cancer both for somatic and germline. We are okay in intermediate platforms able in complement to the first one to perform exome analysis but in contrast to the UK organization we are missing a very powerful centralized platform able to perform exome and general analysis with a clinical grade in order not only to perform genetic discoveries but also in order to be able to provide a molecular diagnostic and we have estimates that what we need per year if we are considering both what is needed in terms of rare disease but also in terms of cancer is between 10,000 and 50,000 exome per year. I'm just restricting my comments on exome not for general considering the challenging aspect of genetic variation interpretations. So one possibility which is strongly considered as a present time and that's the main challenge of Avicen today in order to to optimize this pipeline in France is in fact to reinforce the national center of genomics in every every in the south part of Paris. So this national center of genomics which is at the present time equipped with sorry with three isek 2500 14 isek 2000 but only eight are devoted to human genome one proton 11 mysek her able to ensure within two weeks roughly a throw database a 6600 gigabase correspond roughly to the second european sequencing facility and one important aspect is that the national center is fully equipped with a high performance computing center with a total capacity of 120,000 computing cores but the case is to genomics we have 3000 cores corresponding to five petabytes and ensuring exome and who general analysis and this is coordinated by Jean-François Deleuze so the idea for the future is probably to reinforce this feature so to finish my talk the idea is to complete the pipeline so the idea in our strategy first focus focus on rare disease and cancer is to have this pipeline organization we start first from national networks of clinical centers both in the field of rare disease and cancer in order to ensure a phenotypic expertise then we are performing a first level of targeted analysis thanks to a national networks of medical molecular genetics laboratory and after that at the present time we are benefiting from national networks of international platforms in order to complete the analysis by exome sequencing analysis and training but the challenge is the creation of the national platform performing exome general sequencing analysis the big issue will be of course detection and interpretation of genetic variations so that would be one important aspect of this international platform which are going to be trained people's in order to ensure a first step of bioinformatic analysis but the big challenge after that will be to transform this variation into a clinical markers and that will be the work of the national network in order to validate on the independent samples and to go back to the clinician and one important aspect and that will be my last slide and of course if we are here dealing with genetic medicines we have a strong implication in France with genomic research which is supervised by inserm and we have considered that the top priority was of course the national development of this exploratory techniques in order to optimize the detection of disease the identification of the genetic determinants of disease and one important aspect is of course the development of bioinformatics and both statistics so I will stop here and be happy to have any questions thank you for your attention may I well my question is how much amount of money was invested to organize these genetic test centers including supercomputers and sequencing facilities if possible if you could separate the sequencing facilities from supercomputers I will be able right now to give you an accurate estimate what I can tell you is what was a challenging aspect was how are we going to reimburse all the genetic test so the way it has been organized was the following we have convinced the ministry of else that we should organize that as a national level so in other terms we have here a map of specialized molecular genetics laboratories each of them there are we are getting some money based on from directly from the ministry of else based of an annual report right and based on the report so we are supposed to perform all the analysis for the countries on a free basis okay so for instance considering the equipment so we have different calls corresponding to for instance the last call was roughly 10 millions of euro in order to have an equipment of a mysec of medium size platforms and now if you are considering the main center corresponding to as a center located in every most of these equipment have been based on either private funding or national funding or even european contracts I see the the computing part is a centralized what distributed well there are different scales so we have the main power is located in every but as you have understood since we have five uh inter regional platforms we have different bioinformatics facilities and we have considering that even playing with the mysec it was very important to have bioinformatics so we have pushed and we succeed to have permanent position for bioinformatics not only working in research laboratory but bioinformatics people working in in diagnostic laboratory because we need quality reports and as you know that's correspond to different challenges yeah thank you very much so you know we have 23 clinical genetic centers in the uk you've got a lot more in your distribution so and we've been thinking that 23 is is a lot particularly with ngs but so your system must be more fine grain the smaller number of tests per center or you're doing more tests and you know it's another problem with we're having 23 is they tend to do their own thing in terms of working out protocols and developing bioinformatics are you controlling your large number of centers so they use common platforms or maybe the way I presented is only to be confusing because definitely most of the center are located with new real estate hospital for real disease right and we have 26 so you have 23 so it's the same scale all right so you understand but you had larger numbers for the disease because within the university hospital we are going to have for instance a competent centers working on neurological disorders but usually you have a local interactions so what you have to consider at the territory level we are dealing mostly with 26 university hospital in which we are going so it's the same scale right at the clinical level that in the UK that I know a little bit all right okay


Hi and welcome to the session. Let us discuss the following question. Question says for the exercise given below verify that the given function is a solution of the corresponding differential equation. This is the given function and this is the corresponding differential equation. Let us start with the solution. Now the given function is y is equal to x sin 3x. Let us name this equation as equation 1. Now differentiating both the sides of equation 1 with respect to x we get dy upon dx is equal to x multiplied by cos 3x multiplied by 3 plus sin 3x multiplied by 1. We know derivative of y is dy upon dx and here we have applied product rule to find the derivative of this term. Now this further implies dy upon dx is equal to 3x cos 3x plus sin 3x. Let us name this equation as equation 2. Now differentiating both the sides of equation 2 with respect to x again we get d square by upon dx square is equal to 3 multiplied by minus 3x sin 3x plus 3 cos 3x multiplied by 1 plus 3 cos 3x. We know derivative of dy upon dx is d square y upon dx square. And we can find derivative of this term by using product rule and derivative of sin 3x is 3 cos 3x. Now this further implies d square y upon dx square is equal to multiplying 3 by this term we get minus 9x sin 3x plus 3 cos 3x plus 3 cos 3x is equal to 6 cos 3x. Now from 1 we know y is equal to x sin 3x. So we can substitute y for x sin 3x here and we get d square y upon dx square is equal to minus 9y plus 6 cos 3x. Now adding 9y minus 6 cos 3x on both the sides of this equation we get d square y upon dx square plus 9y minus 6 cos 3x is equal to 0. Now this equation is same as the given differential equation. So we get given function is a solution of the given differential equation. Now we can write the above equation is same as the given differential equation. Therefore given function is a solution of the given differential equation. Hence verify this completes the session. Hope you understood the solution. Take care and keep smiling.