So, as we talked about in the previous videos, we figured out why it is that we're studying, whatever it is that we're studying, we've figured out that it's better to sit down and study longer periods than it is to do short chunks, right? We found our happy space, which is right here, right now, sitting down, right? We've got a to-do list and our schedule, which is going to allow us to sit down for a while and study something new. On our to-do list is to learn a little bit of linear algebra, read a little bit of physics, and learn a little bit of contemporary present-day politics. So what we're going to do in this video right now is take a look at how to read a textbook. Now, one thing I should mention is, or some place that I'm going to direct you right now, if you're interested in figuring out how textbooks are introduced into the school curriculums, is an article or a chapter from a book by Richard Feynman, and he's the guy who the book that we're going to take a look at. He was probably one of the best-known physicists in the United States, in the world, really. And in 1960s, in 1964, I believe, he was asked to join the California State Curriculum Board or something like this, where they reviewed textbooks to be introduced to the school system. And he participated in that project, and he got textbooks sent to him. And he reviewed textbooks that were going to be introduced in the school curriculum in California, in the United States. And from that experience, he wrote a chapter, an introductory chapter in a book that he put out in 1985, I believe, explaining why most textbooks in most schools are so bad. So if you want to know why some of the textbooks, or a lot of the textbooks that you get introduced to, that you're forced to use in high school, why they're not some of the best books around, that article will explain to you why that is. And of course, if you're interested in an extremely in-depth analysis of our education system, John Taylor Gatto is who you want to look at. And he's talked a lot about textbooks and the school curriculum and how things are structured and the problems with them. And there is also an amazing book put out by Krishnamurti, and it's called Education and the Significance of Life, and that's an amazing book to read. And again, critiquing our education system, some of the problems associated with our education system, right? So we're not going to talk about what the problems are with the education system, because if you're in school, you're dealing with some of those issues right now. What we're going to talk about is how to bypass those problems. Okay, so what we're going to do is take a look at these books and figure out what the best way is to read textbooks. Now, before we take a look at these books, what you have to keep in mind is two things about textbooks. The two of the most important parts of a textbook. And those happen to be the table of contents and the index. Now, when you pick up a textbook, if you find out that it doesn't have either an extensive table of contents or an extensive index, then you should put that textbook down and try to find a better textbook. Okay, more emphasis on the index than the table of contents. Okay, because the table of contents could be actually simple. Could be a very, you know, it could be a one-pager, which is the case for days of destruction. Okay, or it could be a multi-page table of contents. And the way you should take a look at this is the table of contents for a book is the way the thought, the information has been organized and the way it's going to be delivered to you. Okay, so it's really important. It's just basically, you know, if you've ever taken notes from a textbook and if you're in school, hopefully you have, right? If you've ever taken notes from textbooks, what you're really trying to do whenever you're taking notes is take a chapter and condense it into a shorter chunk, a smaller chunk, right? That's what taking notes is. What you're doing is reducing the amount of content, taking out the, you know, just filtering out the noise and taking it down to the chunks, to the chunks of information, to the bits of information. And the table of contents for books is basically chapters taken down to their key words, to your key, key thoughts, right? And if a textbook is organized well, then from the beginning of the textbook, from the beginning of the table of contents, to the end of the table of contents, the train of thought, you should be able to read the table of contents and follow that train of thought. Okay, and that is what basically the book is all about. The index of a book allows you to find specific topics right away, and it's extremely useful if you're using a book, if you're using a textbook to study. Okay, so keep that in mind. The most important parts of a book are the table of contents and the index. And the third most important part of some books is the bibliography, the footnotes, where they're referencing other material. Okay, and that really, that comes into play for math textbooks somewhat, but it comes into play a lot in politics, economics, and non-science-based textbooks a lot, because they are taking ideas from different places and presenting them, where they're taking data and analyzing that data. Okay, so as far as these books are concerned, the first book we're going to take a look at and flip through is a book on linear algebra. Okay, and this book is very specific when it comes to mathematics. It's basically focused on one specific aspect of mathematics, which is linear algebra. The next book we're going to look at is, I guess this is considered one of the masterpieces for physics anyway. It's the main author on it is Richard Feynman, and again he's one of the best known physicists of the 20th century in the United States and in the world really, and he worked on the Manhattan Project I believe, and he was an amazing lecturer, and he wrote a lot of books, and he did a lot of critique of society, and this is a book he put together with two other authors on physics, okay, and it's quite extensive, and it's very good, and it's well-meaned too, and I believe this is the second printing. Okay, and the third book we're going to take a look at is a politics book, Politics and Economics. They're sort of meshed together, Politics and Economics, and it's a book by Chris Hedges and Joe Sacco, and Chris Hedges is basically a journalist, one of the best known journalists, independent journalists in the world right now, and this book is amazing if you want to understand what's happening in the United States at the present and what has been going on, what we've been building up to for the last couple of decades, and Joe Sacco is a cartoonist, a comic book and artist that sort of gave birth to comic book journals, and his work is absolutely amazing, and he's published a few books on a few different topics, war zones, occupations, and his work is extremely heavy, and it's brilliant, and he basically gave birth to comic book journalism, and he's absolutely magnificent, and this book, as far as I'm concerned, should be a must-reading for any politics, economics curriculum in high school and in university, and in the future this book will be taught in history classes, there's no doubt about it because it provides a lot of information, a lot of data, compiles a lot of info on what's going on in our society right now. So that's sort of the introduction of what we're going to do. Now keep in mind that the table of contents and the index are the most important parts of the book. What's inside is really dependent on what you're finding, and what you're looking for really, because very few science textbooks you'll end up reading from beginning to end, because there are, especially in higher level mathematics, higher level science education, is because you really focus on specific topics, and if you're lucky enough to find a textbook that is well written, you end up keeping it. Okay, so keep this in mind if you're in the mindset of learning, of studying, and picking up tools that will help you out in life, you're going to have a library, and keep that library stocked with books that you find important, that you find useful. And just like any other field, any other genre, the number of brilliant textbooks out there is much, much fewer than the number of bad textbooks. Now as for these books we're going to take a look at, and we're just going to sort of skim through them just to show you how, what the best way it is to read certain textbooks. The first book is a linear algebra book, okay? It's the second edition of linear algebra and its applications, Gilbert Strang, okay, I'm really bad at pronouncing names, so my apologies to the authors and what not, right? And this book is the second edition, what year was this published? Massachusetts Institute, the author, Gilbert Strang was from MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, okay? And this book is, as far as linear algebra is concerned, is a fantastic book, okay? And the copyright on this thing is, the first printing was 1976, and the second printing is 1980, okay? And it was published in, I believe, New York, Fifth Avenue, academic press, and what not. I usually end up, whenever I pick up a book, I usually end up reading this. And if there's an introduction, I usually end up reading the introduction as well, because that's sort of the mindset of what the authors had in mind, right? So what we're going to do is take a look at the table of contents right now, and you can see there's a preface, and the introduction is usually a preface, so I do usually end up reading the preface to this, okay, sort of allows you, gives you an idea of what the authors were trying to do, right? So it's usually a good read and gets you in the mindset of this book, so it becomes more personal. And as you can tell by the table of contents here, there's chapter one, and each chapter is broken down into subcategories, right? And usually, when it comes to math textbooks, they start off with the most basic concepts for each chapter, right? And they go to more complicated concepts, and each chapter usually builds on the next, if it's really specific on a certain topic, right? So for math textbooks, it usually, it's usually very difficult to pick up the book if you don't know this material, to go to a chapter in the middle and learn that, because you need to know the processes before that, okay? So if you're reading a textbook, really pay attention, math textbook anyway, really pay attention to the chapters and what they're introducing, right? So when you pick up the math textbooks, have a read through the main chapter headings, okay? And get a feel for the flow of information, because that's what the textbook is, right? Determinance, and then it goes on, it builds from there, right? And then programming games, like you, if you don't know what determinants and matrices are, there's absolutely no way you could get into, understand most of what's being presented in computations with matrices and this stuff, right? So table of contents, super important, and then you have the appendix, where they provide additional information, okay? And a lot of textbooks, math textbooks and science textbooks have these, the appendix, in the back, where they provide either tables with data, where they provide graphs, where they provide additional information, right? Formulas. So take a look at what's available to you in the appendices, right? The references is the books that they're referencing. You got exercises and solutions, and you got the index. References for math textbooks, if you're really digging down into a specific topic, they're important because you can go down further, right? Read more about that stuff. The solutions and exercises, very important for any math textbook. If you pick up a math textbook and it doesn't provide you with solutions, okay, put that book down, go pick up another book that does provide you with solutions and exercises, okay? Because for, no matter what math course you're taking, you're going to have to practice, right? Because what you see at the end of every chapter, for any math text, any good math textbook, I should say, you're going to have exercises, exercises, right? Every chapter is going to have exercises that you're going to have to do because these are sort of processes that you're going to have to learn how to do, okay? And that's the table of contents as for the index. So we go to the back, and a lot of, unfortunately this book doesn't have it, and a lot of good math textbooks, what they do have is on the inside cover in the front and the back, they sometimes have formulas and tables laid out, and those are extremely useful, okay? And I really like math textbooks that do that because they took care on providing that information at a finger's tip, right? And what you'll find is a lot of textbooks have blank pages, some textbooks anyway at the end, and this is part of the printing process, but these blank pages can be useful, and some books I believe they provide these blank pages for notes as well, where you can take notes yourself, okay? Now here is the index for this book, okay? And just to let you know, I've picked up books, math textbooks, and other science textbooks, where the index is just one page, you know, the book could be extremely thick and the index is one page, and I never buy those books, I never use those books, because no matter how good the inside material is, right, if you can't find exactly what you're looking for quickly, then it becomes extremely difficult to use, okay? So the index here, you know, it's alphabetized, right? And this is not about index, and some of the best indexes you'll see, they, there's main categories, and then there's subcategories. So for example, for this one, you see inverse, and then inverse has, you know, they've broken down to four different places where they talk about it, and they, you know, because it's used in different types of processes, for mathematics anyway, different types of things that you're going to do, okay? So this index is pretty good, not bad, multiple pages, take a look at that subcategory for matrices, this is one of the main topics for linear algebra, right? Where you look at the matrices, right? And it's broken down extensively into multiple, multiple subcategories, because that's what it is, it's used everywhere, right? So this is a good index, right? And then you have your, let's go to solutions and exercises, and this is a good, okay, so let's take a look at the references. So for references for math and science, well for science, more so, but for math, the references aren't that many usually, okay? So if you want more readings on some of the topics that these guys are talking about in this book, you know, there's one page of references, you'll find out for days of destruction, days of revolt, the references, the bibliography is huge, because there's a lot of data, especially Chris Hedges, Chris Hedges is a journalist, and one thing he does is he digs down into the data, and he presents the data, and he provides a lot of references for that, okay? So this is the references, you got solutions and exercises, but solutions to exercises, right? And the exercises are at the back of every chapter, usually every chapter has exercises, right? And this book is really good because it provides solutions for every question. You'll find that some math textbooks only provide solutions for every second question, and I really don't like that. I know why they do it, because that way teachers can only, you know, can assign questions for the ones that solutions are not provided, right? This one seems to be missing a couple of them, you know, 3.8 is not there, right? I'm not sure why, I don't look at this specific one, right? So there are some gaps that could be because it's more a general question that they're providing, so there could be multiple answers, it could be an opinion piece, right? So this is a very good solution for the stuff, and it's clear. And if you're lucky enough, some books actually provide the solutions in a sense where they show you how they obtain the solutions, right? How they solve the problems, and that's very good as well. And the solutions chat section should be huge for any math textbook, and this keeps on going, keeps on going, and we should get into the appendix, yeah? And the appendix is, you know, referencing stuff, right? Further inform a specific topic. So the appendices are important as well if you want to follow up, right? It's an idea that they're presenting, okay? As for reading the textbook, so the preface, again, if you're into having a grasp of what it is that the author is trying to, or the authors are trying to present, it's important to read, okay? And it's useful, and usually the preface is not very long. There are prefaces that are written that are as big as chapters. Now get into chapter one. This is how you're going to read math textbooks, and math textbooks you read differently than you do physics textbooks to a certain degree, and non-science-based textbooks. When it comes to math textbooks, always read the header. Keep in mind the header, what chapter you're in. Keep in mind the sub headers. Introduction. This is just to give you a general overview, right, of what's going on, what you're going to talk about specifically in this book, in this chapter. Always look at the examples that they're presenting. Extremely, extremely important. So if this is an example of Gaussian illumination, if this isn't a full example, you read this example all the way to the end. Because when it comes to math, one reason you're looking at the examples is because when you're solving a specific type of problem, it has a certain pattern that flows. There's, you know, when you start solving certain types of problems, there's visuals that come at you. Okay, there's geometry, symmetry within this specific type of problems you're solving for, right? So if you're able to notice a certain problem and you know what the pattern, how you're going to go, how you're going to solve it, what the pattern looks like, then you already know how to do that problem. Okay, I'm going to take a look at that in the next video. But basically take a look at the examples. Read the bold stuff. 100% you read the bold stuff. And if you need to understand what's going on with the bold, you read the sentence before and the sentence after, and if you still don't understand it, read the paragraph where the bold appears. Okay, there's a reason that they're making text bold because it's important they want to stand out. There's a reason where they make text. So read italics as well. For this book, the bold and the italics are sort of to a degree, it's hard to pick out the italics. Okay, for other books, other math textbooks, it's easier. So for example, what does this say? If n is at all large, a good estimate for the number of operations is this. This is an important thing to keep in mind. If you're dealing with matrices and determinants of matrices. So we keep on going and these are examples, examples, and that's the way it works with mathematics. Sometimes when you start, well, not sometimes, but usually when you start understanding how a problem works, how an example is laid out, right, when you see this, the example is larger for 1.2, then, you know, for the for the later stuff, because they shrink it down, they reduce the number of operations they show you, right, the reference back to the main one. So you should keep that in mind. And what happens is the reason they do that for math textbooks specifically is because you should know the pattern, you should know how the solutions are obtained, right? Once you learn a process, then you don't have to go through all the little intricate details of that process over and over again. You just know how to do it and you solve it, right? So later on in the chapter, you shouldn't have to, you know, go through every question, every problem, every solution provided, you'll just know how to do it. Okay. And that's how you look at the, look at the, look at the examples. When it comes to science textbooks, extremely, actually, economics and politics as well, extremely important to take a look at the graphs and the visuals that is provided or that are provided. Okay. And read the description of the diagrams. Okay. So diagrams, graphs, charts, extremely important for all textbooks, read them, spend time on them, make sure you understand what this visual means, because this visual is an explanation of what you just did, right? So visuals are extremely important in all textbooks. And you should always, always, whenever you get to the visual pause, right? Take a look at this thing, try to figure out what this thing is saying and how it relates to the problem that you just did or you just looked at, right? And once you start reading a certain math textbook, you get the feel of how the authors are presenting the information. So you won't have to read all these numbers, right? You'll just get sort of chunks of information coming at you, right? You'll know what this stuff means, right? Because that, this is basically the same as this, right? All that's happened is the numbers have changed. So the process stays the same, right? So once you start reading a math textbook, you find that you start going through it faster and faster. Okay. For math textbooks, extremely important to look at the formulas, especially formulas, I'm not sure if this book does it, especially formulas that number their formulas. Okay. Hopefully this one does it as well, but it doesn't appear so. But there's a lot of textbooks that, you know, just like, you know, numbering their figures, so this is figure 1.3, they number their formulas. And they've done it here, I guess. This is explanation, right? One A. And this is something that you're going to have to know, right? So anything that's highlighted and numbered, keep those in mind, know where they are, know how to access them and understand what this means. It looks complicated, right? With the sub numbers, right? Subtext, but it's not complicated if you fully understand the process of what's going on. It's just terminology. Okay. So let's just keep on flipping through this. And what you find out is when they're presenting more and more ideas, you end up having more and more highlights stuff, right? And here's the formulas. This is number eight, right? This is what you want to keep in mind. Important. 1D, 1C, 1B, 1E. You know when they number these guys, they're going to refer to them further on in the book. Okay. So get to understand this, because to understand the stuff further down the book, you have to know what these guys are, okay? Because they're basically telling you, this is important to us. This is what's important from this chapter, as long as you understand what the process is, right? Here's another example, right? If you already understand what's going on here, you end up just skimming through this, okay? And they have different subtexts here, right? So keep all of these in mind. And again, subtitles, not subtexts, subtitles, right? Bold. Now they're talking about a new concept. They're introducing a new one. So you should spend some time understanding this. More highlighted stuff. More determinants, more matrices, right? Important formulas. Learn these. Learn these if you're learning linear algebra. Okay. So let's flip through this a little bit and see if we come to, so that's the end of chapter one, right? And they provide you with exercises, review exercises here. And they have the solutions in the back, right? So if we flip this, this is chapter one, right? Review exercises. And the solutions would be here for chapter one, solutions to exercises. And that way you can do a problem and look up the answer. And one thing you should keep in mind, if you're learning a new process for mathematics, never ever sit down and do everything in a certain section and then check all the answers, right? Don't sit there and do 10 problems in a row and then check all the problems all in one shot. Not at the beginning anyway. If you're trying to learn something new, do one question, look up the answer. If you got it wrong, try to figure out why you got it wrong. If you can't go to the next one, do the question, look up the answer, right? Because if you end up doing a whole bunch of questions in one shot and looking up all the answers in one shot, if you were doing it wrong from the beginning, then you just reinforced the wrong method for yourself 10 times, right? So it's going to take a little bit of doing to undo that. What you want to do when you're learning a new process is read, do a question, look up the answer, make sure you got it right before you move on. And that's, you know, the main gist of how you read textbooks. Look at the visuals. Look at what they're doing. Read the highlighted stuff, right? Math textbooks, you can go through fairly fast once you learn a certain process. Before you learn that process, you have to spend a lot of time with math textbooks and reading these things.  This is just groups of information, just an idea coming at you, right? These are really sentences in mathematics, right? So if you know the terminology, then this isn't anything new. You understand what this is. So what is referring to, right? You're sort of building up your vocabulary when you're doing these things. And this math textbook is, it's pretty good textbooks. I flipped through this when I was spending some time, I was in mode here, spending some time with linear algebra. But my main linear algebra core book was another book that I had in the story. And that's the one I used to learn my linear algebra. And again, it just builds from here and continues. And this book is sort of, you know, the same format follows. It's got highlighted areas. It's got numbered. What do you call it? Just principal formulas that you have to learn, right? Basically condensing what they were talking about here, right? Spend your time with the visuals, understand what that is, because that basically is this, right? But once you read this and look at the visual, if you understand the visual, then you understand this, right? And then you can move on to the exercises and do them, right? So for example, this is exercise 6.2.10, right? So if we go to chapter six, oh, sorry, this is, yeah, this is chapter six. So we're going to go to chapter six and the solutions. So we got 6.2, 6.2.10, right? This is the question. Here's the solution. So once you read this, right? Section all about. Let's go back. Let's go back. There we go. Test for positive, definiteness. I think I used to know what this stuff was. I haven't done linear algebra for a long time, right? So 6.2, that's what the section is all about, right? You read this, read this, read this, read this. Look at the visual. They're explained to you what the visual is, right? And again, this is 6.2.1, right? This is the most basic concept. 6.2.10 is a more complicated concept, right? It's the third most complicated, usually in general, concept, but you have to know what the previous stuff was, right? So you have to go through this. So math textbooks in general take a little bit longer to go through. Sometimes, if you understand the concepts, then they're very quick reads, okay? Because you end up using these things as references. Because once you learn a certain process, you don't have to keep on relearning that process, right? If you know how to do long division, you know how to do long division. You don't need to learn how to do long division again every time you do long division, right? It's different. Mathematics is powers that you're obtaining. Once you know how to do it, you know how to do it. The second book we have here is a physics textbook. And this is, I think, considered to be one of the best textbooks out there when it comes to physics. Mainly, I believe, I'm not too familiar with the other authors, but mainly because of Richard Feynman. And this is a volume two, Lectures on Physics. And Richard Feynman, Robert Layton, and Matthew Sands, Stanford University, Professor Stanford University, California Institute of Technology, Caltech, I believe. And again, Richard Feynman, the best known author in this. Okay. And the first printing of this was in 1964. The first printing of this was in 1964. And this is the fourth printing, 1966. So it went to fourth printing pretty fast. Within two years, they printed four printings of this, right? And let's throw this back here. Richard Feynman preface. So Feynman presents us, you know, does a little introduction to this. And again, it's not very long, but it explains why he put this book together. I don't remember. He wrote this preface in 1963, right? This is copyright 1964. And in 1964 is when he served on California board to picking up textbooks for schools, for high schools specifically. And he had a lot to say about that in 1985. And I'll post a link to that article in the description of this video. Okay. So that was a preface. Here's the fourth. I'm not sure who the forward is written by. Matthew Sands. So the other author wrote the forward. Matthew Sands in 1964 when the book was going to print. Now, electron physics, physics is extremely, extremely large topic, right? Mathematics, using the language of mathematics to understand the world around us, right? That's what physics is, the physical world. Okay. And as you can tell is the table of contents is going to be huge for this. It's going to be large and much larger. You know, it's got two columns, right? Because there's a lot to discuss in physics, right? So it's not focused like the linear algebra book, just on linear algebra matrices and stuff that deals with that where this book is very focused. This is a broader book and talks about, let's see, what are some of these things? Electromagnetism, differential calculus on vector fields, vector integrals, electrostatics, application of Gauss's law, the electric fields, electric field, electrostatic energy, electricity. So all of this from chapter one to 10, I should accept the vector stuff. So a lot of electricity, electromagnetism will be here. Magnetics, magnetic fields, vector potentials, laws of induction, Maxwell's equations, huge, huge, right? Principle of release action, circuits. This is a great book. Waves, guys, electrostatic dynamics, field energy, field momentum, Lorentz transformations, motions of charge, tensors, reflection, magnetic. So this second volume looks like it deals with a lot of electricity and magnetism. Here, electromagnetics and magnetic fields and water, not water flow. Water and electricity to a certain degree for physics. You can look at them in a certain same type of way. It's a weird concept. Fluid dynamics. Fluid dynamics is, I found fluid dynamics to be very difficult. When I studied it. And for physics books, for textbooks like this, specifically science-based textbooks, you can, for the most part, you can dive into a certain chapter. You do need to know some of the basic stuff. For sure, you need to know some of the basic stuff. But once you learn some of the basic stuff, the concept sort of can jump around. Okay. So you can pick up a chapter. If you specifically want to, you know, get into Maxwell's equations, then you can go to Maxwell's equations and read this. And at the beginning of this, it will reference stuff from the previous chapters. So if you know some of the basic stuff, then you're all set to attack some of the, some of the more complicated chapters. Okay. So very extensive table of contents and it provides you the train of thought that they were going with, how the information is being presented. Right. So before you start going through the books, you should definitely look at the table of contents and have a feel for how the information is being presented. Okay. As for the index for this, it's going to be quite extensive because they cover a lot of stuff. And you can tell it's a nice index. And this is exactly what you want because you can pick up Maxwell's equations. Right. What are we in? They start talking about Maxwell's equations. And this is all the places where we start talking about Maxwell's equations. And you can go take a look at those pages. Right. Fantastic stuff. And I guess they broke this down into chapters or it could be, this is the volume one, I believe that's probably what it is. Yeah. So if you can see, there's no Roman numerals here. Right. One and two. The odds are the two refers to the second volume and the one refers to the first volume. And so number one, sorry, chapter volume two, chapter one, page 11, I believe. Let's take a look at this. Let's see if they talk about Maxwell. Chapter one, page 11. Chapter one, page 11. Where are we at? We've gone too far already. Chapter one, it's just something here. There you go. Maxwell's discovery. So as soon as they mention Maxwell, there is Maxwell's discovery of the laws of electrodynamics. And Maxwell's equations are huge. And if you're interested in electromagnetic and magnetic methods, Tesla is where you want to be at. Right. He takes these things apart. Maxwell's equations, there's, I forget how many, there's four of them, I believe, but there's actually 20 that, again, I'm going by memory. I haven't touched magnetic electromagnetic methods for a long time. Okay. So let's go back to the index. And let's take a look at this. All right. So here's the index. And again, nice extensive index. This got subcategories. Right. The main thing here is waves, waves, electromagnetic waves, light waves, plane, reflective waves, shear waves, sinusoidal waves, spherical waves, three-dimensional waves, and transmitted waves. Right. So if these are the subcategories, you read that and say wave, right. Electromagnetic wave, light waves. Right. So that's how you look at the index. And let's see. Take a look at the table. This should be, oh, and they don't. It just goes into index. So there is, I'm assuming there's some kind of bibliography in the back, but at the back of each chapter. Now, how to read a physics textbook. Beautifully done here. They break down what this chapter is about. Right. So this looks like it's the same layout as this. 1.1 to 1.6. 1.1 to 1.6. Now, what you want to do is take her with this stuff, with physics textbooks, chemistry textbooks, biology textbooks, any science-based textbooks, the columns on the side, anything appearing on those, you take a look at, you read it, and you get a feel for it. Okay. Because that stuff is extremely important.  And for physics textbooks, 100 percent of formulas will always be numbered. The important formulas. Right.  And that's the formula they're going to reference. Right. So you don't necessarily need to know all the between steps. You just need to know what that formula means. Right. The headers. Right. The sub headers for the specific chapter, and always read the title of the chapter. Right. This is electromagnetism. Right. Electromagnetism, electrical forces, electric and magnetic fields. So subcategories. Right. Beautifully done. Always read the text that goes with the imagery. Right. With the diagrams, because that gives you a feel of what this paragraph is talking about. So if you're reading a textbook like this, one thing, you know, I took reading, how to speed reading courses at university. I took a couple of, a couple of classes and it was okay if you're reading stories. Right. Speed reading. When it comes to science textbooks, you can't speed read. You have to spend time with the ideas. Right. So I really didn't find speed reading. You know, I found some useful information they gave me. Right. But I needed to retain the information. So in general, I'm a very, very slow reader. Okay. I savour the words, I savour paragraphs and sentences and chapters. I take pause and think about things. Right. And that's the way you sort of have to read physics, science, space textbooks and math textbooks. Okay. So for these types of books, whenever you get into a new chapter, a new subsection, always read the first paragraph. Read the first sentence of every paragraph and take a look at the drawings and the charts and the graphs on the side. Read the description. If you understand this and you understand the first sentence and the paragraph, jump to the next paragraph and read the next sentence. Okay. If you understand that, read the next paragraph, the first sentence and the next paragraph. If the paragraph happens to be long, read the last sentence as well. If it's very long, skim through it and read the middle sentences. Okay. So in general, what I retained from, you know, the reading courses that I took was read the first sentence of every paragraph. If the paragraph is small, that's all you need. If the paragraph is mid-sized, you read the first sentence and the last sentence. If the paragraph happens to be large, read the first sentence, read a sentence in the middle or anything that is in bold, for sure, and read the last sentence. Okay. That's one way you can cut back on your reading. Always read the information being presented on the sides. Always. Go through this, go through this. If you don't even look at what's here, read through this, read through this. Okay. Extremely, extremely important. Take a look at the formulas being presented. Try to understand what they mean, right? There's a reason at the beginning here. If you took a look, the first thing they did in this chapter, okay, they laid down how the information is being presented again, right? Then what does it say? Review chapter 12, volume one, characteristics of force. So they're telling you what you should have read from the previous volume. This is volume two, right? And they're laying down how the information is being presented in this chapter, right? So they're giving you a prerequisite.  And the next thing they did when it comes to physics, there is a lot of, you know, letters, a lot of shorthand in physics in all sciences, really, where they use a letter to represent a word or an idea. So they're giving you all the letters, all the symbols that you need to learn to know, really, because you can't really learn this in this chapter if they're giving it to you. They're defining all the, all the symbols they're going to use, right? So these are all Greek alphabet. How are you going to read them? How are you going to say them, right? Theta, alpha, beta, gamma, phi, right? And what they end up doing is using these words, these letters in their formulas, right? So you're going to have to know what those letters mean and then define what those letters mean in the description. Okay. So if you don't know what this letter is, E0, epsilon, right? So you look at this thing, you go, you know, how do you pronounce that, right? You pronounce that as epsilon. So they tell you how to pronounce these letters. And usually when it comes to physics, at the end of the formula, they tell you what the letters are, right? Where epsilon zero is a convenient constant, right? So when it comes to science, space, books, the formulas that you're given after those formulas or before the formulas, they explain to you what the letters represent. Okay. So you really have to, when you look at a formula, you really have to go above and below it as well. You have to read those because you have to know what the formula says. And the way you should think about formulas presented in science is their sentences, okay? Their relationships, their functions. So you have to understand what those are. And when an idea is being built up, all right? They give you this. They present visuals inside of the text. And 100% you have to follow this. And usually when they're building up concepts like this, you have to go back to the beginning of this and read all of this to be able to understand this concept. Because what they're telling you is they couldn't condense this information on the sides, okay? They're telling you that this is extremely important. Read these. Again, subheads, subheaders, right? And usually you end up reading the last section of a chapter because that sort of in general provides a summary of what you just talked about, okay? So you read the introduction. So you treat a chapter just the way you would treat a large paragraph, right? You read the first introductory part of it, right? You read the last chapter and you skim through the middle parts and read all the diagrams if you don't have the time to go through all of this, right? But if you really want to learn the subject, you have to read this for the first time if you're learning it, right? And then we get to the second chapter, right? Again, they tell you review chapter 11 volume 1 vectors. So you have to know vectors before you can deal with differential calculus of vector fields, right? Oops, differential calculus of vector fields. If you don't know what vectors are, you can't learn this chapter, right? So when it comes to science and physics and mathematics and whatnot, ideas build on each other, right? So what you really need to do is learn something, the concept, the basic concept, and that's how you build on that concept, right? And again, you take a look at this, look at the side information, look at the visuals. There's a tremendous amount of information being presented to you here, okay? And over here, you can see they start off with 2.1, 2.2, they're numbering all of these. So the odds are they reference back to these. I'm not sure if this book, yeah, for example, take a look at this. Over here, they've numbered this, right? They've numbered this and this, but they haven't numbered this, right? So this one, they're not going to reference to. So this one is not an important formula that you have to learn. This one is just for the flow of information for you to comprehend what's happening, to understand what's happening, okay? And again, the diagrams. And this is a brilliant textbook. If you're into physics, Volume 1 and Volume 2 of this, I don't know if that can, I can't remember if there's a Volume 3. I don't think there's a Volume 3 or more. And I really don't know if I have Volume 1 or not. I probably have it somewhere in my boxes in my storage. So that's how you read, you know, physics textbooks or chemistry or biology textbooks. And definitely, you read stuff that is bold coming at you in paragraphs. And this one doesn't seem to have any. Wow, they have the letters in bold, okay? So definitely pick up on the letters. And then you can just jump to specific chapters if you need to. This book would be, it would take you a long time to learn all the concepts in this book. Don't think there would be one course that would cover all this. And beautiful drawings. Let me take a look at this stuff. This is before we had access to graphics, easily providing graphics, computer technology, computer processing power was very slow in the 1960s. So take a look at this stuff. I'm not sure who drew these. But this is just drawn by hand, the graphs, right? Nowadays, all of this would be done using technology, right? Using software. And there's definitely tables. You have to take a look at tables. You usually end up using these tables as a reference, matching up the rows, right? These are fields, I think, magnetic fields. What is this? Oh, these are bubbles. Perfect crystalline raft of bubbles. Take a look at this. Chapter 30. There's a lot of information here. Lots, lots and lots of information. One of my favorite books in my collection of math and physics science-based textbooks. They're driving something, right? Only this one is numbered. This guy is not, this guy is not, right? This guy is not. And obviously the graphs are super important, too, to read, to understand. So that's how you read, you know, more physics-based textbooks, as for non-science-based textbooks. Now, if you take a look at this, again, this book is absolutely amazing. It blew me away. It's extremely depressing, because it's sort of an analysis of what's going on in our society right now. Okay. But if you take a look at this, days of destruction, days of revolt, by Chris Hedges and Joe Sacco, right? And this was the first printing I picked it up. All the visuals, all the drawings are done by Joe Sacco. And he's, you know, he gave birth to comic book journalism, and Chris Hedges is probably the most trusted name, one of the most trusted names in journalism, critique of our society. And if you take a look at this, this was copyrighted in 2012. The table of contents for this is very simple. One page, right? Days of theft, days of siege, days of devastation, days of slavery, days of revolt. Those are ideas that are being presented here. And that's the flow of information. If you've read this book, if you read this book, you'll understand why these subheadings are like this, because it starts off from historical perspective, showing you what the political and economic landscape was in the United States, when the United States was being formed and what the end result was, right? They go to Pine Ridge, South Dakota, and the data being presented in this chapter just blew me away. Okay. With mortality rates and poverty rates in the United States. This is absolutely mind boggling. Days of siege showing you that the same things happening in Camden, New Jersey. Okay. Days of devastation is what the end result of days of siege was. Days of slavery is what the repercussions were, right? What happened to the civilized society, right? The populace in these areas. And they talk about this here as well. And days of revolt of what's coming. It's a brilliant book if you're into politics and economics, and I highly recommend this. That's sort of an aside of how to read it, but how to read a textbook. And when I picked up this book, I wasn't sure how I was going to receive it. I read a lot of, you know, a lot of stuff from Chris Hedges before. Okay. A lot of articles. I never sat down and read a book from Chris Hedges before. And I've read some of Josako's, and I know Josako's stuff is extremely heavy. You know, I'm still going through Palestine. I pick it up every few months and read a little bit more because I just can't read what he did in one shot from beginning to end. When it comes to Palestine, it's done, you know, stuff in Sarajevo and a lot of other war-torn countries and places, right? It's brilliant. Very heavy. Chris Hedges, brilliant. Very heavy. Put two brilliant people together. Very heavy book. It's, you can't drop, you can't put it down once you start reading it. So first thing I did was I read the introduction by Chris Hedges just to get a feel for what was, you know, what he was trying to achieve. And he had some notes here. And he's giving some stats here, right? And when you looked at this, you know, the table of contents for this is very short, right? You got acknowledgement, notes, bibliography, and the index here, right? So let's go to the bibliography and the index. 287, 293, 287, 287. Oh, he's got notes here. 277. Let's go to 277 first. So he's got notes here. It's sort of something that most books don't provide, but he provided it because there's a lot of info being presented, okay, from each chapter. And these are sort of footnotes, right? So if you take a look at his footnotes for each chapter, it's quite extensive. And one reason he provides this, because if you want to dig down to his data, you can. And I, you know, going through this and I looked up some of this stuff. And Chris Hedges is known to be basically the most honest journalist, as far as I know, one of the most honest journalists that you'll ever encounter. And he presents the data and then builds an opinion on it, right?  And he, you know, provides these footnotes for people that, you know, want to dig down further. And he's got his bibliography and is extremely well-read person, same with Josako. An extensive bibliography, right? Because he references a lot of stuff. And then he's got the index. And this is rare. You know, it's not as common for books like this on politics, but he's got a really good index here. Okay. As you can tell, it's quite extensive because if you're trying to find, you know, his, find data or, you know, sort of analysis of a certain topic, you can go back here and look it up specifically and go to that chapter. Okay. And this is extremely good as a reference book. And I've used it a fair bit. So for example, if you want to know about Enron, and for those of you who know politics and economics, you'll know the name Enron, right? And you can just go, you know, to page 89 and find out what it's all about. So let's go, you know, flip through this book really quickly. Introduction, I read, notes, data, I read. Okay. Days of theft. And, you know, when I first started reading this, I wasn't sure how to take it, right? And this, the imagery is by Josako's brilliant. And you start reading it, I start reading it, start reading it. And this stuff is, it's, you know, it's not a science book. So if you want to speed read through this, you can, you can just read the first sentence of, you know, shorter paragraphs. For mid-sized paragraph, you can read the first sentence and the last sentence. For large paragraph, read the first sentence, pick a sentence in the middle, read that and read the last sentence, right? For me, I read every word. Sometimes I read certain paragraphs more than once. Right. And the imagery by Josako's brilliant. And then what I started doing was starting taking notes in the book. Okay. And that's one thing I do do.  Certain books I do mock up. I just started going ballistic with some of the stuff, information that he was presenting, taking notes, highlighting, underlying it, right?  And if you don't know what Pine Ridge is, you should look it up. If you live in the United States anyway. And this book is brilliant in one sense because Chris Hedges is, he's providing a lot of data, a lot of numbers, you can tell, right? And Josako goes into the personal, the descriptive, where they sit down and talk to people and hear their stories. And Josako, you know, presented basically sort of a graphic novel comic book format of what was being said, right? And if you've been following my channel, what I do is I love comic books. So this was a treat and a half for me reading information like this and reading, you know, comic book information presented in a comic book format from people that live in this area, right? Drawn and explained by Josako, showing what's happening. And it's actually brilliant. And he uses, you know, quotation marks where it's the words of the people that they're interviewing. Okay. And that's sort of the quick way of reading politics, economics, textbooks or any textbook that's not science-based, I guess. Where, you know, and I've done this with other courses that I've taken as well. This was personal, personal study session, I guess, information that I was learning. But, you know, I end up taking a lot of notes in this book, highlighting a lot of stuff for my own, my own use. I just went when I hit, you know, just stuff talking about education and stuff, I would highlight and take my own notes, health care stats. And that's what Chris Hedges is very, you know, known for is providing a lot of statistics. And again, Josako providing, you know, information on the people, getting the first person perspective from the people and, you know, talking with them, seeing what happened. And that's how I, you know, read, you know, textbooks like this, or books like this, really, I don't know if this is considered a textbook or not, but for me it was because it was a book I was learning from. And I use this book as a reference and I take notes in it. And this will be a keeper for me, right? And, you know, again, it's a very important table of contents in the index are extremely important. And just to give you an idea of how important the table of context is in a book. When I was at university, I, you know, sometimes you end up having multiple exams in just two or three days. And one thing that happened when I was at university in my third year at university, I was taking applied mathematics course, a second year applied mathematics course, systems of differential equations, and applying in a real world. And it was an extremely difficult course, extremely difficult. And I hadn't learned linear algebra before taking the course. It was a prerequisite and I made the mistake of taking the applied mathematics course before taking linear algebra. So when I was sitting in the course, I realized I was pretty much in trouble. So when the final came along, basically hadn't really done well in the course up to the final. So what I ended up doing is 10 days before the final for my differential equation course, I came up, I started studying for it, and I had to learn linear algebra by myself. So I picked up another book that I have linear algebra, and I spent about four days learning linear algebra. And I was studying anywhere between 10 to 12, 14 hours a day, right. And the next six days I spent studying the course material. So I spent 10 days average anywhere between 10 to 14 hours a day studying for this course. Now my exam schedule was in a way where I had in the morning, I had to write the exam for the math course, and I had to write an exam for another course I was taking, which was economic geology. And I had gone to every course in economic geology, and if I can make a recommendation, if you're taking a course at university or even high school, at university or college, or after post secondary education, go to every course, even if you're not paying attention in large part or taking notes, or even like the teacher, when you go to this classroom and sit down, you're getting exposed to the information, right. So after 10 days of studying extensively hard for math course, and writing a four and a half hour exam in the morning, and no one in the in the classroom had finished that exam was extremely difficult. Everybody walked out with their brains being mush, right. In the afternoon, I had my economics geology exam, economics geology exam to write, and I hadn't studied for it because the math exam was extremely important to me. I had done poorly throughout the term and that, you know, with my assignments in the midterm, I was failing brutally. And what happens at university or college, sometimes you're allowed to make the final exam worth 100% of your mark. So that's what I chose to do, opted in to do to make the final worth 100% of my mark. So my whole course was dependent on the final exam and that took precedence, right. I had my to-do list and I set up my schedule and this was way more important than my economics geology exam. Because of my economics geology exam, I had done well so far and I was passing and the final exam was only worth, you know, 30% or 25% of the final mark. So after coming out of the math exam, I grabbed my sandwich, ate my sandwich and consumed some sugar because I needed sugar to be able to function to kick the brain and the gear again, right. I opened up the book and I looked at the table of contents and in half an hour before the exam, I memorized the table of contents, right. Because the table of contents was a summary of what was being presented in the book, okay. So I spent half an hour memorizing the table of contents and as soon as I went into the exam, I took the scrap piece of paper that had given me and I threw, I didn't even look at the exam yet. By memory, I generated the table of contents, okay. Now that I had the table of contents beside me, because I had attended every lecture, I knew the basic idea of all the information being presented for that course and that's when I took my exam, wrote my name on it and opened up the exam and the exam was basically essay questions and long answer questions about the course, about the book and what I ended up doing is I used the table of contents to answer all the questions and write the essays for that exam because essays are really just summarizing what was being presented in the book and the table of contents was a summary of what was in the book, right. And I ended up doing, you know, passing my math course exam when I finally ended up getting the results, which was I was ecstatic about, right. Because it was the most difficult math course I've ever taken in my life and I ended up acing, basically acing, getting 90% plus in my economics geology exam because I was able to present the ideas the way they were presented in the book because I had the table of contents beside me, okay. So extremely important, I'll emphasize this again, when you take a book, when you're using a textbook, as a textbook, as a reference book, as a book to learn something, right. The most important parts of that book are the table of contents and the index, right. Given that the information between those, you know, the front cover and the back cover is well presented as well, right. It's a good book to read, okay. And that's, you know, how I end up reading textbooks, how I end up using textbooks, and best way to read textbooks as far as I'm concerned, okay. As for the next tip I have for you, right. Tip number six, I believe, when it comes to studying, what we're going to do, we're going to take a look at how to, you know, and this is going to be very specifically math oriented tip on how to study. We're going to take a look at how you should lay down your questions, how you should solve problems. Because what happens in mathematics, certain types of problems play out in a certain way. And math is very visual. So if you end up reading a problem, right, and you're trying to solve an equation or graph a function, there are certain things you have to do to an equation to be able to solve it, to be able to graph it, and a certain pattern emergence for specific types of problems. So what we're going to do is we're going to take a look at those patterns and what you should do whenever you're doing mathematics, whenever you're solving certain types of problems, you should remember the structure of that problem, okay. You should remember how that question, that problem plays out and is going to play out. Because if you know that, then the odds are you know how to solve those problems. You know how to answer the question. You know how to graph those functions, okay. And that's what we're going to do with tip number 6.


Mentorship is a program where you find a mentor off-campus to assist you in a research project, and I work with Dr. Hyon Kim, who is at Duke University. She's the chair of the Department of East Asian and Middle Eastern Studies, and so I do conduct linguistics research with her. It's just been a really, really great experience because you learn so much in the NC System classroom, but to be able to go out and apply it and really see all your hard work payoff in a professional research environment is something that very few high schoolers get to do, so it's a really great experience. I go do research on cardiac arrest, and I get to go shadow her at her clinics and talk to her patients about their experiences. She showed me how to do EKGs and echoes. I've gotten to see open heart surgery. It's truly remarkable how if you have a passion and something that you really want to learn about, the school gives you the means and provides the opportunities to pursue and grow those. Mentorship is Tuesdays and Thursdays. We leave about one o'clock.  So it's about three hours of work twice a week. You definitely do a lot of work outside of that. Research is a constant process, so I do a lot of reading and I work with my mentor. I talk with her and meet with her outside of those periods, but during those six hours a week, three on Tuesday, three on Thursday, I'm in the lab and I'm working and I'm writing papers and I'm interviewing and doing questionnaires and things like that. I think my mentorship opportunity is probably one of the biggest things that I'm grateful to NDSM for because I've gotten the chance now to be on a college campus twice a week and gotten the chance to know a lot of the research language and be able to read research papers that before I would have thought would be way too complicated for me, and I think that is honestly really great to have had that.


Drugstore and affordable makeup today for you to see all kinds of new goodness. Let's get into the video so we can see the makeup that I found very recently. Hi friends. I am so glad that you're here with me today because we're talking about one of our favorite subjects, which is affordable makeup and drugstore makeup. And the reason that I put that in two different ways, affordable makeup and drugstore makeup, is because I do have some makeup that you can't just go in and buy at the drugstore. There are a few things in here that you might be able to get on Amazon. Before we get started, I want to say thank you for being here with me. And I want to tell you that I'm trying really hard to get to 100,000. So if you're somebody that hasn't subscribed to my channel before, please make sure that you do and help me make that goal. I would really appreciate it. Also, I like to tell everyone that I have a numbering system. And that numbering system is where I will put a number right up here in the corner from one to however many products that I am using today. And you won't have to remember the product that I'm talking about. You just have to remember that number or jot it down. Go down into the description box, open it up. Next to the number that you've jotted down will be the product and the link. And you can shop that way if you'd like to. I also like to talk about my shirt that I have. I'll show you a full length of me with it on right here. This is a really fun shirt. I really have enjoyed it. It does have the cold shoulder right here. It's pretty lightweight fabric and it's quite stretchy, which is really nice. I also wear a large in it and it fits true to size. I love that. Has a cute bell sleeve on it and it just has some fun detailing that is a little bit different than what you normally get. So I will make sure I link that. I also will make sure that I link my earrings. My goodness, I have been finding the cutest jewelry on Amazon lately and I've just been going crazy finding it. Now these have the front piece right here, which is the circles and the paper clip. And then behind on the actual fastener, it also has this little circle that goes down on a chain. So dang cute. I will also list my necklaces so that you can see that this is a set right here. This one and this one with my initial on it and then this one was separate. Okay, let's get into seeing what I found at the drug store that I'm pretty excited about. Let's start out with one that I was really kind of like. I don't even know if I want to get that, but boy am I glad that I did. This is the Wonder Stick from NYX. They have reformulated this. They had these a long time ago. They now have a blush version of this, but this one is the contour and the highlighter. I have mine in light medium and both sides are great. I really like them a lot. Now the contour is a great contour because it has that muddy property to it that we talk about all the time on my channel. Super easy to blend. It's what I'm wearing today, but it stays on and grips really well too. I just think it's so great. And then the highlighter side is every bit as nice. They have just reformulated this to be something that is really very wearable and very easy to work with. I usually put the contour onto, well both of them, I put them onto a brush and then I'll go ahead and buff it around because once I draw on my face, I always find that I just have to work harder at blending everything out. So this is just a great new product and I'm really excited about it. We're going to stick with that theme of contours and highlighters because I told you that I was going to delve a little bit more into folklore and I found these highlighter combo stick duos. They come together which is good. This one is their very lightest one. This is fair. This might be just a little bit more on the cool gray side just so you know that. So this one is fair and then here is the highlighter that corresponds with it. These do have separate names on them. However, I don't worry about that because they really just come when you're on the website in fair, fair light, no wait fair, light medium, that kind of thing. So that is the fair pair, fair pair, and then this next one is the light medium pair. It almost looks identical to the one from Nix. Now I will say that I feel like the next one is this tiny bit creamier than these are. However, when you get something like this that is not quite as creamy, you do get the long wear out of it more a little bit. So this is the light medium in folklore. That's the fair or the light in folklore and then this one is from Nix and you know me. I'm a contour junkie so these are all great and I could recommend any of them. All right, let's just stick right here with highlighter because I have a few of them. Now from Undone Beauty, they have their highlighter. These sticks are very cooling. They're very almost watery. They're pretty, but they some of them don't work that well. Like the blush doesn't work that well. The contour doesn't work that well for me.  There's not a lot of color in there. So you're not getting like a white or a pink or a champagne at all. You're just getting that feel of the very creamy watery like product. And it takes a while for that one to dry down. I do like this and I like it underneath cream blush. I find that it takes just a little while to set down, but once it sets down, it's there and it's really good. And then another highlighter product and I've been asked a lot to review this one. This one is from Flower Beauty. Now let me tell you what color this is. These are the ones that are the dupes for the Charlotte Tilbury light wand. And let's see. Spotlight Liquid Highlighter and this one is in Opal. Now I will tell you that I do feel like Charlotte Tilbury's is a little bit easier to work with. This is, this doesn't dry down as fast as Charlotte Tilbury's. It just, it's really close a dup. I mean very, very close to a dup. And I would say that I think that it is Charlotte Tilbury spotlight or else her pillow talk that's very close to this in the color. But if you've been feigning over the Charlotte Tilbury, I feel like this is a fantastic substitute for it. Don't worry about grabbing that. These are every bit as good. And once they dry down again, they dry down all the way. It is what I'm wearing underneath my blush today on this side. So just think that that is really pretty. And by the way, on this side, I was wearing the Undone Beauty underneath my blush. All right. Next, I have talked about these once on my channel before, but I wanted to talk about them again because when I showed it before, I only showed the big one. Now this is the Eco Tools Bio Blender. And right on it, it says plant me, which is so weird. But I have this trio. It comes in a trio. I love using this little tiny one for this, you know, right around the concealer. And then the big one works great, obviously, for foundation and powder. And then I actually have used this one once. That's why it's so clean. I've used it once to do some cream contour. So these are completely biodegradable. And when you wash them, what's interesting is you'll see that pink come out. And you can probably tell maybe you can't. There's a difference in the color in this one and this one because I've washed this little one so many more times. And so that pink color kind of fades as you're washing them. But you can put these in the ground and they will degrade and they will completely dissolve in the ground. Whereas the beauty blender or the beauty sponges that we're using now, those are made of a form of plastic. And so those are going to take forever to degrade. So this is kind of a nice way to, you know, think about the environment and how it's, you know, the things we're using and whatnot. But these come in a set of three. I love how soft these are and how good they do on blending. I, yeah, I've really fallen in love with those. Then I wanted to share with you these two blushes. Now, I don't know which one I've shared. I've shared before. I think it's this one. And this is called Eglips. And the color of it, let's get the glasses, the color of it is in Korean. So I can't read that. So sorry about that. But this one right here is called Powder Blush On. This says it's talc and paraben free. This is called Radiant Orchid. This is the one that I have on for my blush today. And I fell in love with this when I was using it. It just was such a pretty color. And I love using Orchid on my cheeks anyway, because I think that it just really brightens up Orchid or, you know, some sort of a lilac purple. I just think that it really brightens up your look. This is a beautiful one that you can use as a shadow too. And then I thought that about this one as well. Now, I will say that this one is a little bit smoother, but this is a lot lighter than the other one. Look how much lighter that is. So you could use this one definitely as an eyeshadow. If you're the fairest of the fair, you can use it. Both of these come in different colors. So you don't have to just stick with that Orchid color. But I've been really into that Orchid kind of blush, especially since the Dior blush came back in. And I do have that. So I'll probably be throwing one of these in a Dupes video too. But these are beautiful blushes. They are powder. But like I said, this one is a little bit creamier. The light one is a little bit creamier, but they're both really good. And this one that I've had on for the better part of the day, just beautiful blushes. Alright, from Collab Beauty, I found their highlighting stick. This is the Lift and Glow Highlighting Brow Stick. And I wanted to try this because you guys know that I have that overwhelming fetish with the Benefit High Brow. And now they have the glow on one side, and then the matte on the other side of that. And I like that very much. But this one is a little bit different. That one that I buy from them is very pink.  And this is really pretty. I like the texture of it. It is a little bit, it's not quite as creamy as the Benefit one. But I do feel like that works in your favor in the end because what this does is it stays on longer because you know, when a product's super creamy, it's going to come off. I always use one of these on my brow bone.  And then I'll just buff it with my finger a little bit. And this one has been great for doing that. And by the way, everything that I'm talking about today is on my face, except for the million different kinds of highlighter and the contour and highlighter products that I showed you. I also am really enjoying, now Pixie just sent me a bunch of products, but I'm really enjoying this Pixie by Petra Lash Booster Mascara. This has good ingredients in it, but it also does a really good job of separating and, you know, helping my lashes to stay up. And that's kind of what my problem has been lately. I'll curl my lashes, I'll put on my mascara and it'll fall down. I've been enjoying this one for helping to keep them, you know, look a little bit curled because when they're up, they look a little bit longer. So let me show you the wand on this. It is a really kind of unassuming wand. It's kind of a natural bristle brush instead of the silicone brush. I like it very much. It doesn't clump. It seems to separate very well. When I do my first coat, I'm trying to get way down there at the base and get as much volume as I can and separate a lot. And then when I do my second coat, then I'm trying to get the length on it. And this does a really great job on that as well. So I love a mascara that does pulls double duty instead of having to pull out another mascara for your lengthening. This one seems to be doing really well. I will say that, you know, after you've worn this like 14 hours, if you wear your makeup that long, it does flake a little bit at the end of the day, but no smudging or anything like that. So really, I'm enjoying that one. And then I also wanted to share this diamond mascara. And this is just their clear one. This is from Physicians Formula. And I actually never have used clear gel mascaras for my eyebrows or anything like that. I actually haven't used this one for that either, but I'll tell you what I have been using it for. And it's really great because this is what it said that you could do with it too. And that is, see those little baby hairs of mine right there? I have a ton of them. And so I will just take this and just very lightly try to get those in tow a little bit because they're everywhere. They go every which way.  But I've been really liking that to lay those baby hairs down. Would have never thought about that, but it was right on the packaging. And so that's what I've been using that for. And then I was on Target's website and I found the Jason Woo Eye Primer. And let me make sure what color I have. I have the 02 Light. And I am really enjoying this. Now you guys know that my ride or die has been Anastasia Beverly Hills. And I still like that so much. But this one is a close second. The thing about it is I don't think that they are very different in price. And I don't think that you get a whole lot of different products. So if you can't get the Jason Woo or you can't get the Anastasia, these are very interchangeable. And I felt like this is a great dupe for my Anastasia. You might get a little bit more in this tube, but I think it's a little bit more expensive too. So you might be doing a trade off there. But they both hold on the eyeshadow. They both brighten your eyeshadow, make it more vibrant. And yeah, I was really pleased to find something because I haven't been able to recommend any other eyeshadow primers to you guys in such a long time. Last product is this right here. And I don't remember where I heard about this from. It might have probably been on some sort of Instagram story or something. But this is a separator or a lash comb, an eyelash comb. So I like that it's rounded. And hopefully you'll be able to see that it's rounded right here. A lot of them are just straight. I have a straight one that I've been using for years, which I really like. But this one is rounded. Now, please be careful when you use these because they are meant to have the little spikies on the end there to go up in and separate the lashes because if they were blunt, they wouldn't do that. They just clumped the lashes together. But this one is nice because it's rounded so you can go up in there and get the clumps out of your mascara. And you know, it's not going to, you're not going to have to worry about poking yourself in the eye too much. Plus with my trimmer in my hands, this actually helps a lot too. And I just lied to you when I said that that was the last product because this is the last product. And I'm really excited about this one. This is a dual-sided brush that you can get on Amazon. And it is for highlighter and contour or highlighter and blush, whichever one you want to use. This is so soft and so lovely. It reminds me so much of the Hourglass one that I paid a ton of money for. It's got the nice ferrule on it, the nice handle on it. It also has the rose gold accent and then the two-tone on it. This is really good. The angle one, it's really good for doing contour and your blush if you need to. And then this one, of course, for your highlighter. And this one is also pretty good if you want to use it to set down just a little bit of powder underneath your eyes. Very soft. But I like that they're a little bit more dense than the one that I have from Hourglass. So this one just is a little bit more of a workhorse in that you can contour, blush, highlight with it. Whereas the other one is just more of like powder. And you're going to really be blending with it a little bit more. You can still blend with this one really well. But it just seems to be able to do a little bit more of a precision work, especially if you pinch that and you did your contour a little bit. So I've been loving that as well. I think I lied again because I have another product that I forgot to tell you about. Physicians Formula sent me this powder at the same time that they sent me the Diamond Mascara or Gel that I just showed you in my hair. This one is the Butter Believe It Face Powder. And it just says creamy natural on it. And I will show it to you. I used it this morning so the powder is kind of all over. But it has the gradient colors right there. And I love this. Now, if you are adverse to any fragrance in your makeup, skip this because it has the typical butter bronzer smell to it, that coconutty vanilla e-smell. Skip it over because you won't be able to handle it. But it has a nice mirror in it on the bottom. And then it has this very useless brush that we have down there. But I like this because the powder is very, very soft. Now, I will say that you need to go with a light hand.  But if you are anybody that gets that breakthrough during the summer months or you get to sweating a lot during the summer months, this has been so nice. Now, hot flashes are getting me this year. So I'm using a little bit more powder than I'm used to. And this one is great to throw in my purse because, you know, if I need the lighter or the deeper depending on the day and how the self tanning is going, use one of my little powder puffs and, you know, just touch up my makeup and get some of that oily or the sweatiness down that I get. And this is really a nice buttery powder. It is up there with all of their butter products. It's just a really beautiful powder. But like I said, it does have that fragrance. So, you know, heads up on that one. All right.  So thank you so much for being with me today. And I appreciate you all being here. Please give this video a thumbs up. On your way out of here, if you do like seeing all about drugstore, I know that I do. I love seeing and testing new drugstore makeup and seeing how it compares to the high-end stuff. It just makes me so happy. Right now, I'm going to throw up another video right here for you to watch probably on more drugstore products. So I hope that you do get a chance to go over there, click on it and enjoy that. I hope you all are happy, healthy, doing very well. I love you, my friends. Please take care of yourselves. See you in my next video. Goodbye.


we should not always do something because it's going to give us something. We must simply do it with absolute involvement. In that involvement, there is help. In that involvement, there is relief. In that involvement, there is peace and joy.


Bonjour et bienvenue, this is Lama Delist and today we are all about pattern drafting for the menswear bodice block and sleeve blocks so get your materials ready and let's dive in. These are the required measurements for the basic menswear. I've prepared a chart and calculation sheet sheets on canvas and please do check it out at the description box. Chest circumference. Place a tape around the widest part of the chest. Natural waist circumference. Place a tape around the smallest part of the torso between the chest and the hip. Hip circumference. Place a tape around the widest part of the buttocks and keep it parallel to the floor. waist to hip. Place the tape vertically from the waist until the hip level. Front waist length. Place a tape at the base of the front neck then measure down to the waist level. Back waist length. Place a tape at the nape, base of the back neck then measure down to the natural waist level. Neck base circumference. Place a tape around the neck and insert the finger for ease. Across back weave. Measure from point to point where the crease is formed by the armpit. Across front weave. Measure from point to point where the crease is formed by the armpit. Shoulder length. Place a tape from the high point of the shoulder until the shoulder tip. Sleeve length. Measure from the shoulder tip towards and over the elbow and towards the wrist with the arm hanging naturally but slightly bent. Wrist and hands circumference. Measure around the wrist joints where the bone protrudes. Measure around the widest part of the hand. Arm hull side death. This measurement is taken from where the bicep is touching the underarm side seam. To do this, ask your model to place three fingers at the armpit and from the bottom finger trace a horizontal mark towards the center back. And these are the measurements needed to draft the menswear block or sloper. Four menswear chart and calculations. Again, please check the description box for the canva link.  At the left hand side of your paper, square down a vertical line. And square in a horizontal top line. Label the perpendicular lines zero. From zero, mark down 6 8 7 inch line and this is the center back neck point. And label this line one. And extend this line. From one, mark down 8 5 8 inches. This is the arm hull side death measurement. And by the way, use your own measurements for this. And square a line. Label this line two. From one, measure down the back waist length measurement. And square a line. And label this line three. From number three, mark down the waist to hip measurement. And square a line. And label this line four. Number two is the chest level. Number three is the waist level. And number four is the hip level or lines. And this vertical line represents center back and center front. From number two or chest line, mark out one quarter of the chest plus one quarter of the garment ease. Please refer to your chart. And label this mark number five. Mark out the same measurement from zero. And label this mark six. Mark out the same measurement from number three. And label this mark seven. And mark out the same measurement from number four. And label this mark eight. And square a line connecting eight, seven, five, and six. This line represents the side seam for both back and front. From zero and one, mark out one fifth of the neck circumference plus two eighths of an inch. And square a line connecting both marks. Label nine and ten respectively as shown. From number ten, draw a boat shape line towards number one. Next, get the halfway measurement between number one and two. And mark up the halfway measurement from the chest line or number two. And square a line. And label this line number 11. This is the across back wave level. From 11, mark out the half measurement of a cross back weave. Please refer to your chart. From number one, mark down the shoulder slope measurement. And square a line. Label this line number 13. From 13 to two, mark out the same measurement from 11 to 12, half of a cross back weave. And label the marks respectively as shown. And square a line connecting 14, 12, and 15. At the line 13, mark out six eighths of an inch from mark 14. And label this mark 16. And square a diagonal line from 10 to 16. And check if the shoulder length is correct in measurement. From 15, square a line at the 45 degree angle. And from this line, measure out 1 to 8 inches. Next, connect 16, 12, 15, and 5 with a curved ruler. This is for the armhole. From number one, mark down the center front neck point. And label this mark 17. And connect 17 to 10 using a curved ruler.  So this is the basic men's wear block. Next, transfer the back and front bodices on two different papers. This is the front bodice. And as you can see, the front neck is deeper. Next, join both back and front bodices at the side seam. And at the chest line from the across back line, mark out 4, 3 eighths inches for the back notch. And mark up 2 eighths of an inch to double the notch reference. And from the front chest at the cross front, mark up 3, 1 eighths inches for the front notch. This is the back notch. And this is the front notch. To draft the sleeve, get the measurement of the armhole from shoulder tip to shoulder tip and record. Cut a large paper. And square a vertical line on the left hand side of your paper. And square a horizontal top line. From the vertical line, mark out the bicep measurement. And square a line. From the top line or cap line, mark down the sleeve length measurement. And square a line. Next, mark the half of the bicep measurement. And mark. And square a line. And mark in the one quarter of the bicep and square in lines. Label the back line, center line, and front line as shown. From the top or cap line, mark down the sleeve cap depth. And square a line. This is the bicep line. From the back line at bicep, mark out 1 sixth of the armhole measurement plus 5 eighths of an inch. And don't forget to draw a notch. From front line at bicep, mark up 1 sixth of armhole measurement, and don't forget to draw a notch. From the underarm at bicep square, are they are going to line towards the back notch. And get the half of the measurement of this line. And mark it in. From this half mark, mark down to eighths of an inch. And draw a curve line from bicep line until the back notch passing through the halfway mark, as shown. Next, from back notch, square in a diagonal line towards the center line. And get the half measurement of this line. And mark it in. From the halfway mark, square up a small line. And from this line, mark out 5 eighths of an inch. Next, draw a curved line from the back notch passing through the halfway mark towards the center line. Next, from the bicep line, square in a diagonal line towards the front notch. And get the halfway measurement of this line, and mark. From the halfway mark, mark down 3 eighths of an inch. And draw a curved line from the bicep line towards the front notch passing through the halfway mark, as shown. Lastly, square in a diagonal line from the front notch towards the center line. Get the halfway measurement of this line, and mark. From the halfway mark, mark up 6 eighths of an inch. And draw a curved line from center line passing through the halfway mark towards the front notch. And this is the sleeve cap for the sleeve. Next, get the halfway measurement from bicep line to the wrist or hem line. And mark down the elbow calculation from bicep line. And square a line. This is the elbow line. Next, from side seam at wrist line, mark in 1 inch. From this mark, square in a slant line towards the bicep line at underarm side seam. And do the same procedure for the other side. So, we are done with the sleeve. And this is the sleeve cap, bicep line, back line, center line, front line, underarm side seams, elbow line, and wrist or hem line. And this is the menswear sleeve. Anyway, guys, I hope this tutorial gave you enough tips on how to pattern draft the basic bodice and basic sleeve for menswear. And if you have any questions, please do not hesitate to comment down below. And I will reply as soon as possible. And if you are not subscribed yet to my YouTube channel Lamao the Least, make it sure to hit that subscribe button. And if you liked this video, give it a huge thumbs up. And I will see you guys again on the next tutorial. Abiento.


So since you have been focusing a lot that you have to read, so any youngster, maybe who has not been all are not lucky enough to join your office. How do you suggest him that what should be the draft of a written plane or a repetition to be drafted and then if you have to file a counter. What steps he or she should keep in mind while doing that? First thing that a lawyer must do is try to find out the law which has a bearing on the problem. If you know the law, you are in a better position to draft out the petition or the plinked. After all, adverse position as all of you know if a person is in occupation of a property for 12 long years, he can claim adverse position against ordinary individuals and if it is more than 30 years against the government. One of the things that the law, I mean the law with regard to adverse position is you can't claim both ownership as well as adverse position. The moment you, if you do not know that you know this is the law, you make a mistake when you draft out a plane. If you know the law beforehand, you will draft out the plane or the repetition in a more precise and in a more legal framework. That's why I said section 16 C or the specific relief app. Had I not known about it, I would have drafted a plane without ever or without pleading that I've always been ready. My client has always, plaintiff has always been ready and willing and continues to be ready and willing. Without that pleading, the plaintiff is liable to be dismissed. Of course, there's a change in the law now that Evermentino is not needed, but that is what it is. Try to understand the law. Then you are in a better position to draft out. One second, plane language, simple sentences. Every paragraph must contain one idea. Don't make in a too lengthy a paragraph. I have seen lawyers drafting out their paragraph will run into two pages, three pages that is will not have the time and the patients look into that kind of a pleading or a draft. Make it short, precise, concise, break it into shorter paragraphs. Each idea in one paragraph.  So this is how you learn interaction with the senior. Revision of the draft that you make improve. Try and achieve excellence. Never be satisfied with what you have.  You are sure. I'm sure. In fact, let me tell you this. I was going for karate classes long back. We had to run for five miles after two miles. We would feel as if, you know, we will fall down. But if you cross that threshold, we could run, you know, the entire not only five miles, we could run 10 miles. That is what it is. Never give up. Always, you know, strive hard and say that you are able to achieve the top. You will achieve the top. It is that ambition that innate belief in yourself. That is very, very important. Every person can reach the Everest. It's not that people in our today, people who have lost one leg have gone to the Everest. You know, there is one if you just go to get to the net, you know, you will find out. I have already said that earlier also to you, Stephen Hawkins, one of the greatest thinkers that the world had astrophysicist. He was on a wheelchair. He had a voice synthesizer. He couldn't speak. Yet he wrote several books, which were masterpieces. So to the youngsters, I would say, have belief in yourself. Try to achieve excellence. Work hard. Have your hands clean.  Ultimately, one must be able to sleep well. And if you cheat somebody, you will not be able to sleep well. So bear this in mind. Have ambition.  You are able to do it. Always, you know, focus the top, focus at the top. You will climb up the ladder without any hassle. According to you, the mantra would be if you believe, then you can conceive. And if you can conceive, then you can achieve. Absolutely. I put it very, very succinctly. That is what is precise and privities. That is what is needed from a lawyer. They normally say that there is a lawyer. The illustration, which I did not. I am grateful to you. And I am sure the answers are grateful to you. Because they always say that there are only three principles for being a successful profession. One should be in size, concise and precise.


Okay, our next set of presentations are pretty exciting from the perspective of what you've heard this morning with some operator inputs and some of the panel discussion and also our keynote speech talking about the objectives and such. But now we're going to move into three presentations where this forum is actually bending metal and soldering wires and creating the code. So these are three specific examples where we're invoking the idea of creating capabilities in the OSDU forum. And so the first one is from the geospatial consumption zone and David Jacob, there you are. Welcome. Hello everybody. David Jacob, I'm the lead solution engineer with ESRI, mapping technology software. And we have a shout out to my mentor, Brian Bullme, who received recognition this morning. Thank you to the forum for that on his behalf. So we heard a lot of inspirational words this morning and just a preceding presentation by ThoughtWorks inspirational messages about how to organize and get work done. This is one example of what this forum has enabled technology to do and people to bring the technology together. So this is the geospatial consumption zone. So a lot of words there but I'll just get into it. So essentially the GCZ or Z, and there's even no standards there apparently. So its primary task is to enable the creation, management, and delivery of any data you have in OSDU in a geospatial way. So you have welds, you have seismic, you have weld boars, weld locations, surface, bottom, weld paths, all of that. You guys do great in modeling the reservoirs and the running simulations but there's a whole lot of other people in your companies who would like to see the fruits of your labor, bring that up to the surface, show them on maps and that's what we help enable. And so what this consumption zone does is to provide an open API so we have geospatial data layers as web services coming directly out of OSDU data platform. We expose those attributes that are in the data as much as possible in formats that are geospatially friendly. We allow geospatial search which includes just irregular polygon searches and things like that. We normalize the data because a lot of the data sets in OSDU it's in different schemas and such and to bring it into a sort of a normalized view is important for the mapping applications and importantly we also handle coordinate conversions. So you can work in local projects and show the data on a world map, et cetera. So fundamentally the consumption zone geo enables or provides map services out of the OSDU data platform. Architecturally speaking we have the geospatial consumption zone sitting on the top right under the consumption API's area alongside the other domain APIs and the generic API. So it's a layer on top of your core system. So what data have we and geospatially enabled to date? We have well tops and bottoms and pads and 2D surveys and also 3D surveys and 3D live traces. The list is long of the coverage but we are slowly bringing them online and some of those are dependent on whether that data set or type is available in OSDU then we bring geo enable that. We have also goals for future data coverage of other data elements, renewable energy items, open footprint, ecological, biodiversity items, et cetera. So those are things for the future. But if you work with map data, it's points, lines, polygons and a few other things so I think we've figured out the fundamental way of how to get data out of OSDU of those types and show it. So whatever other data sets that might come our way, we're positioned to deliver that. So I gave you the context of all of that, what we do and now this shows who has done it. I've only been in the project two months so I can't really take credit for any of this. You heard Brian Bullmay, he's a project coordinator from Esri but there's a whole lot of other operators and developers that are constantly contributing to this effort and I'd like to give a special shout out to our scrum master Joel Romero from Chevron who keeps us all to task and keeps that agile methodology at work in our teams from week to week. So I gave you the context of Geospatial Consumption Zone and just wanted to, before I talk about this project as an example of OSDU forum at work, right? So how did this project kind of come about? Well first of all I guess a subject matter kind of lends itself to it that everybody loves maps, right? You guys use maps to get here in some form or fashion. So that popularity of map visualization drove the engagement of folks from different industry groups and operators, vendors, etc., to come to the table. A lot of input from the requirements, use of stories perspective and that participation level was kept at a high level and so we've been able to work through the backlog and keep the focus. So as you might imagine our project team is geographically diverse as a lot of the other project teams are, split across companies, continents and time zones so it's been really helpful for the tools that OSDU forum provides to enable this work, right? So we have a big lab and Slack and the backlog tools we use, without them we would not be able to be productive and efficient in our work and of course again back to that scrum master that critical component of that individual that keeps the efforts going and keeping the lights on for the project. You know there are some areas for improvements or opportunities that we've kind of recognized and one is the nature of the world we work in where data is hard to come by in the space and so we've been set back about 50% of our time just looking for data of various types to then pull data into the example data sets that we need in order to code the geospatial side of the house. So that's an area that we want to keenly focus on is having a data ecosystem or an example data set that we can work toward. And then the other aspect is the environment itself, the cloud environment where we've had to work and we've been a little bit of a transient team going from one cloud environment to another so I think we're on our third development environment in just in a year so as you may know any cloud migrations of any type is challenging, right? And so that has set us back a few sprints, etc. So those are some of the challenges and opportunities that we have to even make further progress. So we have a blog out there on the consumption zone that was released at Mercury M15 and it's so it should be rolling out with all the cloud providers and then in this coming year for sure. Yeah, so here's our contact information as well. So with that, thank you.