Can you hear me? We need the Tizen team production because we're introducing you to the Tizen and specifically for those of you who may not be aware about why there is need for another ecosystem in the first place when there are already available in the market. and I would also like it to be more interactive so that whenever you have any question and all you can interact with me. So to start with, I would just like to tell you why there was a need of another platform in the first place. So Tizen specifically is not that something which we started new. So its basic components started somewhere around 2007-2008 when Samsung tried to first build a platform based on Linux that we used to call Samsung Linux platform. So when we launched the first product in 2008 based on this Linux platform, maybe probably it was too early for the market. So I mean at that time you had hardly heard about any platform selling which were specifically based on Linux and they were multitasking and had so many features available at that time. So what happened during subsequent years is that we had another platform called Vada which you are aware about. I mean most of you might have worked with Vada but Vada was not based on Linux to begin with and then we launched Vada in 2010. So we saw some success in some of the markets specifically in India as well as Europe. But then Vada also had its shelf life, right? I mean when we have to probably compete with the platforms like Android or specifically iOS and Vada being a closed platform and specifically developed only by Samsung and keeping into consideration a lot of developmental costs. So we at one particular point in time had to decide what we do with it. I know many of you must not have been happy when you heard the news that Vada is continued. We still get emails from people, the users of Vada phones that are saying that why did you do it in the first place, okay? Now whatever experiences we had with Vada specifically, I mean we had a lot of voice of customers from Vada and then we thought, okay why don't we apply that on another platform which is basically Linux platform and then maybe try to view a better platform to the users worldwide. But then by that time the landscape had eventually changed. I mean when you had to face Android or when you had to face iOS and Samsung kind of a company coming up with a platform on their own which will be the closed platform to begin with so there may not be many takers. That's why you will see Tizen is basically promoted by Samsung and Intel, right? So now initially it is Samsung and Intel but off late you will see that Huawei also joined in the Tizen steering committee. So basically now the point is when we talk about Tizen there are three elements which I want to focus on. One is that it is purely web-centric. So like you saw the earlier presentation by the Mozilla just now. So the entire focus of Tizen platform is going to be on web. So we would like developers to write applications which are purely HTML5 based and we would also like you to be able to monetize them on different platforms. Now is that sufficient? I mean if so then there are many platforms which are coming up, which are web-centric for example Firefox is one of the operating system which is coming and which is also promoting web specifically then what else could be there in addition to being a web-centric platform? Now what we have seen specifically with Android and with iOS is that both the operating systems actually are in one of the way closed operating systems. I mean iOS and Android is purely dominated and controlled by Apple and Google even though OEMs can use it but then the decision of what comes in which release and all is purely taken by Google itself. So one of the reasons you will see why Tizen is an open-ended platform and why there is something called Tizen association which is going to drive all the decision making is to ensure that there is no single entity which will have the open-ended of the Tizen operating system in the first place. So if you go specifically and if you see the competitive Tizen platform, the first thing specifically we are talking about is source code. So the entire development of Tizen platform will be open sourced. That means not only that we will be using some of the open source components, I mean if you see Tizen specifically uses something called EFL, many of you may be aware about there is something called EFL as the windowing subsystem and Canvas. That's the open source project and we have taken that and it is also using X11 as the windowing subsystem. Then it's also using WebKit too which is an open-ended web engine. So basically if you see all the fundamentals of Tizen platform will be open sourced. Now when we are going to take a lot of components from open source and all, so it is imperative that we should also involve developers into developing the platform. So we have already released Tizen 2.0 but from Tizen 3.0 onwards, any one of you can come and start participating in developing the platform except it is open in the JIT. There is an open JIT available as of now where you can come forward and go to the Tizen association and say that I am willing to contribute to the platform. It is not only as an application developer, not that you have to just go to the SDK and use some API and develop an application and sell it. No, even in the development as well you can come and contribute. So that is basically when we say source code open. Now we say Android also, the code is open but you will not be able to decide what should come for example in the KitCat release, right?  Similarly if you go to Windows for its proprietary and there is no question to even come to that discussion. Then when you come to App Store and all and if you see today on the Android side and there is a lot of fragmentation in the App stores, like every OEM is trying to build their own App stores, right? And every other service company specifically, let us take the example of OpenMobile, right? OpenMobile also has their own Android stores. So there are so many Android stores available now. So you really don't know from where to be bought off. Of course Google's App Store is the most famous one but we would definitely like the situation to change. We would not like to have so many App stores in the first place because the problem is that an App Store is dominated by a particular entity. That is where there is a need to open up your own App stores because everybody wants the, I mean everybody wants the high App Store, right? So why specifically for example when you say let's take the case of Samsung itself. Samsung itself has an App Store and Android as well, right? So now specifically when a user is buying a phone and all and sometimes gets confused whether I should download this application from this store or this store or where and so that's what we call fragmentation specifically. But how is it going to be different in case of Tizen and all? Our App Store is going to be governed by Tizen Association and we will tell you what are the members of the Tizen Association. I mean if you see, specifically if you see currently, current board members of the Tizen Association are Vodafone, RA and Dokomo. Of course these are driven by operators. Then we have Korya Telecom, we have LG, we have SK Telecom. Then there are currently many vendors who have already supported Tizen, Samsung, Intel, Huawei, Panasonic, Fujitsu and of late you see Huawei has drive even in the steering committee. That means all the decisions that need to be taken into what should constitute Tizen 3.0 or beyond, what should be the roadmap, what should be the strategy. It will not be decided only by Samsung, it will be decided by Samsung, Intel, Huawei and then the implementation of that roadmap or what features you would like to take even the developers also can come and start contributing. So that way this is going to be a new paradigm shift which you will not see in the existing platforms. Of course how successful it will be depends on how successful the model itself evolves into but if you see the presentation given by Mozilla as well. I mean whatever effort Mozilla is trying to do or WebKit is trying to do is to basically take the shift towards open source, take the shift towards where the developer itself has a say into not only the platform but also into the application development ecosystem. So one example I just wanted to give you here is honestly I mean if you see I mean Samsung kind of company for example you would not have heard about Samsung probably coming out with a platform like this where we talk about so much open source, open source everybody is involved in. Not that Samsung wanted to be a philanthropist and say that no we want to do good for the everybody in the world, I mean that is not the case in the first place. But how different you want to be from the existing ways for I mean ecosystem is what is pushing us into this you might say. So recently actually we were in one of the conferences on the Vintula and IVI identity segment in Barcelona and where we get surprised I mean companies like BMW and General Motors are coming and saying we have a lot of code which we have written for our cars and our vehicles from 30, 40 years and all.   But then there are many commentators and are who say if you continue to be as closed as possible that is a lot of anger, frustration not only with developers but also with the end users saying that why for example one of the example you are saying is why I should buy another device if I have to probably use another browser, another browser version. Or why is it so difficult to transfer data from my Apple iPhone to another phone which my wife uses probably your wife may not use the same I was right. Why is it not possible for these OEMs to come together and perhaps have a common interface where they can make our life easier right. So that is the frustration which is slowly slowly building up I am not saying that it is going to explode tomorrow. But this is what we have seen and many traditional companies which I mean until recently will not even open even a single bit of their code and all coming at saying that yeah we are ready to open up right. So in that segment and all if you see it is a big transformation for Samsung as well where we come and in such form to say that yeah we really want to share our entire code, entire I mean all the development efforts which Samsung Intel together has done from many years and all will be opened up. For you to see and update and enhance as I said from the platform point of view. Now if you come to this specifically as I said I think in my opening comments itself I explained specifically web. So what Christian was saying above was that one of the platforms and all where he has seen the best web store is Blackberry. It was true some time back and all so you all have the browsers available if you just go itself now and see which operating system or which platform has the highest html5 score it will be Tizen if it is 4.2 out of 500 you can just check it. Second is Blackberry of course maybe his intention was to probably compare those platforms which are already available in the market because Tizen product not being available in the market probably you might not have included but you can check it out. So why we are saying this is when our focus of the Tizen and entire Tizen focus is on web, html5, JavaScript, CSS right. So in such a case our first priority is to see what kind of environment we can give development environment, development ecosystem we have framework to the developers so that when they write an application which of course may be compliant to html5 but what about performance right what about those device APIs with which you would like to control the device hardware the sensors the gyroscope right. So it is of course not a sufficient that yeah we say that we are html5 compliant and we have 100% W3C compliant APIs available but those W3C APIs may not give you access to the camera right.  I mean nobody would like for example today if you tell me if the existing app stores for example iOS or Android and all are so popular and all why would they like happily one day you to come up with an Android application which can run on all the platforms in the world. Then how can you write an application only for iOS right I mean when Facebook comes and says that we will write an application only for Facebook only for Apple right. And there is a separate version of Google app application coming for Facebook only for Apple only or for example Samsung only. So why is it because inherently OEMs wanted this fragmentation to be there otherwise what difference I can make I mean how can I be different from you. So I can be only different if I follow standards to be 100% compliant and all right. Then the only differentiation I can make in the hardware okay how best my hardware is. And you know today even if an Apple phone or a Samsung phone is made and all where from the hardware comes most of the hardware components right. So the differentiation can be in the software and all but that's why traditionally it is kept at that okay. Whenever somebody comes and says that we want to discuss an API how can how I can get access to a parameter for example. And then you can see how the discussions go and how much time it takes and all and by that time what happens is a developer gets frustrated. So what he will choose is he will go to he will choose one of the device API which is available in for example Tizen or Firefox and all right his application. Now he will wait for standard to come up it will not come up then eventually he has to port next day he decides I want to put this application to enter. Then he has to make the changes, make the customers know that's how the market has been consistently running. So where we say that our web score is the best and all right because when we are promoting Tizen as an HTML5 open standard based. So which means our web engine, web code, our web framework performs has to be the best. So that's why as I mentioned 492 is the HTML5 score and Blackberry is very close 485. Now if I'm saying that W3C standards is taking time right it's not for you guys to write an application today which can straight away fit into another operating system tomorrow. Then you will say okay what do we do okay when is that going to happen. Honestly speaking in 2011 we thought that by 2012 the entire W3C standard relation will be complete and then we can really give away all the flash all the other things and all and it will be more HTML5. It did not happen, it did not happen in 2013, it will not happen in 2014 as well. Two reasons if you see the hardware itself is also evolving right it's not that okay we will keep hardware fixed and say okay we will write all the standards and then one day they will get complete. While standard relation is moving with its own pace and all the development at the software side and hardware side are also I mean going very fast. So I don't know when they will actually converge and then we can say that now I can write an HTML5 application which will run seamlessly across the platforms. And that is the reason why PhoneGa and OpenMobil kind of companies are coming up and they are giving you their own solution and self selling their own components. So what we decided in Samsung is that okay for example my goal is not only to make a platform and say it's already available anybody can come and write an application. Maybe OEM can come and make a phone with it. By the way if you can see there is one slide where it will show that this particular platform like Google and all will be taken by many other OEMs. It will not be only Samsung or Intel who will make products with it. There will be other OEMs who can come, take the platform, make phone, whatever it is. But then what do we do? For example tomorrow Tizen platform is ready now. We are going to come up with the first product in November. Now let's assume another OEM comes and says that I will use this right. So they take the platform and then they make some web apps and all and they try to sell it. But knowing that the web performance is not what we want today. Okay so one of the examples could be you have seen already Firefox is launched right, Firefox is launched in Europe and all. You can go and check the reviews, the performance of those web apps and all. It's not I am saying that there is inherently problem in the Firefox that's not the case. The problem is if you have an application which is remotely based on some other kind of data and all where only feeds come from one side where you don't need access to the hardware and all then you are fine. But when you go and you have for example a Facebook application where you want to get a handle of the camera and then you want to start a video chat then you see the performance right. Now what we thought is if we go ahead with web app and keep on beating the drum and if web standards are taking time one way is we give our own device APIs. So you will see significant amount of device APIs available from Tyson. But then the slogan of when I go to the developer and say that you will use the platform write an application which will work on another platform also that will not be the case. That's one part A and part B is even if I give device APIs if the performance is not what any user actually demands and all.  Yes my goal will still remain that it will be web centric it will be HTML5 but until that we can make it mature and all what do I do. Shall I keep where do you know. So that's why if you see Tyson will give you three kind of interface. I think it's mentioned in the first slide or somewhere where it specifically says maybe can you go ahead. Yeah. Anyway so the point I'm trying to make is that you can write a web application with it with whatever I said 490 to score the web kind of atmosphere we have given. In addition to this one you can also write an application based on 80 C++ interface. So all those guys who do not want to write an HTML5 are not familiar with HTML5 or do not want to move from a traditional CC++ kind of interface. You have a very well defined SDK available where you can write an application using C++ and then that C++ application will give you that performance which you need. So maybe at the same time when you talk to for all those complex applications which you want to write where the performance is very very important we still give an option to write a C++ application. Second advantage is all the applications which we had written for Vada which were available which developers have written. So because we have changed the operating system from a traditional one to a Linux one but we have managed to maintain the JBI signatures and the API compatibility so which means an application which was written in Vada will need to be just a compile and it will work on Python as well that much we have managed to maintain. That means most of the applications which were there in the Vada store will directly go to the Tizen store. So we are contacting those developers directly and telling them this is the way you can compile or you can just see in the source code I will compile and I will put it through the store and go through the certification. So there is another interface available for a fewer native application which will be based on C and EFL. The highest performance application in Tizen will be the EFL application because the only difference which we are trying to show from UI point of view is nobody else in the world is using EFL. So you can expect that our UI or UI interface, the look and feel, the richness will be different from Windows, from Apple, from Android. Otherwise if I make another kind of UI which looks a mix of this and that and also people are not going to provide the interface. So three kind of interfaces available is C. There is a C++ interface and there is a rare vegetable kind of interface. So all these kind of application ecosystems are existing in the Tizen and there are different kinds of SDKs available. The only difference is that native C1 is not available to developers for developing an application. That is purely given as an advantage to all those OEMs who would like a better application. For example if RA tomorrow comes and says that RA is the best application which is selling in Europe and people have got a very good feel and experience while using that application on their existing platforms. Probably we may research to them that this application we can quote has a fewer native C, EFL based because the performance is guaranteed. And we are also sure that RA does not want that application to be a downloadable kind of thing because that is why they probably must be taking some minor. So basically what I am trying to tell you is that we are taking care of OEMs very well because OEMs will be part of the decision making body. They can decide how, as I am doing my field of life. OEMs also will get the source code open. They will also get the reference design applications which are already available in the Tizen store. And then they get it really easy for them to make a phone because they have all the ecosystem, all the applications that have been ready. And on top of that if they have some of the key applications which they want to protect and want to, for the users to feel them better and all then they have another way of actually packaging them with the phone. They will need native icons available, not unwordable, but rated in C's EFL because that part of the interface, that part of the middle end is very close to the hardware. So these are some of the advantages of that. Then another important part is that while if you see the penetration of Android and Apple OS and all, initially it was targeted for smartphone kind of devices the Tizen at the same time is targeting cameras, TVs, tablet PCs as well as the IVI segment. So India is very, very keen and aggressive on launching Tizen on the VQ website. So you will see after some time the dashboards in the car, many of them with Tizen and some of the companies will be launching with Tizen. Then Samsung has already launched a camera NS300 with Tizen. You can just have the review available on the net. And then smartphones is the focus of course. So all the OEMs who are talking about that now are focusing on smartphones. So basically what we are trying to do is that this platform will be a multi-device kind of a platform. And each device category has been taken into consideration while designing and developing the platform. What kind of UI, what kind of format, what kind of resolution, what kind of OS is needed. I mean the car may need a lower kind of OS, what kind of chipset, so those kind of, I mean things have been taken into consideration. And this slide is basically just trying to showcase that why it is probably not so easy for developers to get that much money on the Android. So one of the reasons I probably am attributing it to the kind of fragmentation that is happening on Android, that is basically that last point is trying to make it. But then once that gets into such a state where many OEMs come up and they start using the platform in the first place and there will be some kind of fragmentation which is unavoidable. But from the app store point of view if you can still manage and I mean restrict it to a single kind of app store and also we are still seeing that at least the app level of fragmentation can still be there. Not that the same version of application is developed by another developer next day and it keeps it free on another app store and you have access to that as well. So kind of things probably will be taken care of. I mean this is basically just trying to tell that okay there are only two ecosystems available as of today. I mean they are controlling almost 86 to 90, I mean almost the entire market is captured by them. So there probably is a need and there is also an appetite for any other operating system to come probably they should be able to differentiate themselves. So in that sense and all Samsung has also welcomed Firefox and Chrome coming into this picture because all of them at the end are trying to say that they will be well focused and all. So that's why probably Kaizen's plan will go this way. Okay so I mean most of it we have already covered here and every ecosystem or every platform will of course have these selling points and all that what we want to do for our developer and how we want to help him monetize that these applications to begin with. And by the way I just wanted to highlight here and there is a Kaizen app contest going on currently. There is a Kaizen app contest going on currently for around 4 million dollars. Are you calling? Yeah. Okay so I mean you will be calling that specifically if you are interested. Next. So this is basically a key point here specifically that Kaizen store will be monitored and limited by Kaizen association. So if anybody feels that okay tomorrow Samsung may decide which kind of application will go, which kind of application will get structured and all. That will not be Samsung that entails the decision and all that will be Kaizen association. So the entire framework of Kaizen development is done and run by Linus Foundation and Kaizen association. So it's not that okay Samsung 10 tomorrow says that yeah this is my way and you have to follow it. So that is actually the primary part. And the second part I want to highlight here is that we know that one of the biggest challenges we had when we were having the Bada app store was that developers had to I mean there was a long process of actually going through the certification. But Kaizen association itself is guaranteeing three days. They are guaranteeing that three days of certification for an app the moment you actually load it into the app store will be going away. That means within three days your application can see that it can be available for download and in the service office. Yeah I mean this is what that particular site is coming. So the validation is in three days is what we will be warrantying. And of course another big issue is in terms of billing and I am sure that Jandu will be covering that in detail I know. What kind of billing interfaces we have, credit card, operator in-app and so on. So at the end of the day of course it's again I mean how easy it is for I mean you to get money out of it how will we actually end the application or how applications are discovered in the first place. So all that ecosystem is already available as of now. So when we launch the first device by November and first week of December at all. So you will get a feel of how Samsung phone will actually look like and then probably you may get more interested in involving to develop that application specifically. So that more or less out of my presentation if you have any specific question or any doubt specifically I will be glad to answer that. Is there any device that can purchase applications from the time scope or is that yet to come? So this is the article. Yeah, so as of now as I said the first size of device is going to come in December time frame. But at the same time we had I mean whenever we have new developer conferences I mean we had one in May in San Francisco and there will be another in October again in USA now we didn't have anyone as of now in India. So there for all the participants and all we have actually given them one-one device. So where they can actually come and write their applications. But at the same time I think Chantu will be able to help you I mean he will cover it separately if he can answer it now itself. I mean if he wants some access and is it possible through RTL or something like that. Yes, the application for the development purpose we can help you with something called RTL. You can build your application using SDK. You can test the application on the device connected to the internet. So I will be showing the demo of that how to connect up. So it covers 70% of the applications which are coming up. But if you have application which requires a hardware which or like it requires Ixopome and other things which you cannot do it remotely then please talk to me we will try to help you maybe we will like the device and those kind of things we try to help you. Then like an application they purchase it and wait for the market. You are right for that. But what is his answer rather if you want to experience how an application can be developed with Tizen. And one is that you use the simulator emulator which is available with SDK. You still do not have the device and you still want to see how it actually looks on the device. So we have an RTL interface available where you won't think you can exactly test it, verify and see how you are able to feel everything runs. And then obviously Tizen Store will soon actually start accepting the application because the entire concept of having the developer conference is and then giving devices is that we need applications to come onto the App Store. Yes, the point is then they will go for the sale only when the first device will be available by then. Now for developing purpose Tizen Associates will have a separate developer units that is called an Apple devices. You can just throw that out of the site. So they will be based on the device how well you will keep this in mind. So I added to the political question about the device availability and the revenue generation which is more towards the monetization aspect. So see Android covers say 60-70% of the market in the slide but the revenue aspect is not the same. It's a mass market and then there's a new market. So generation of that is a little bit different in terms of generating money. Next up we have Shantu who is senior technical manager with developer relations for Samsung Media and he will be taking us through the Tizen remote testing.


Alright, I'm assuming that my sound is clear and the video is sort of clear, I hope. So yeah, good morning to all of us who are here and we'll get started. This is class two of systematic theology. Last week we just had a very brief intro regarding what exactly systematic theology is. We saw that it is different from biblical theology. So we looked at the difference between those two things. And then we kind of moved into the doctrine of the Bible, okay, is what we talked about. So today we will get into the doctrine of God, the second doctrine that we would be doing. So those of us who are here in the class, you got your assignments week. So even as we have finished one topic doctrine of the Bible, you can actually maybe work on that particular assignment from now itself. If you work on one or two of them, it will give you kind of practice and then you will be able to do them better. So you would need time to work on all the five which you would need to submit. So you can actually begin to work on doctrine of the Bible and doctrine of God so that you will be able to improve upon it after you do the first draft, then maybe you can do the second draft so that by the time you submit the assessment, it would be in a good shape. All right, so get started on those doctrines even as we are, you know, covering them in the class. Yeah, so to start off with the doctrine of God, maybe we can take a little time to talk about how everyone is aware that God exists, whether they admit it to themselves or not, instinctively on the inside of every human being. We have this awareness that God exists, it's the way we are programmed. God has programmed us in such a way that we instinctively sense that there is someone greater than us, bigger than us. So we are aware of it and we have some scriptures which in fact talk about that, a couple of scriptures that we could actually look at right now maybe, like if someone could read out Psalm 19 verses 1 and 2, and what does that say about the existence of God? Psalm 19, 1 and 2, 19, 1 and 2, it says here that the skies are proclaiming the work of his hands, they are proving that there's such a thing as God, you know, the skies are proving that God exists and it says that day after day, they are pouring forth speech. It's like as if the creation is talking and saying, hey, look at me, I am the proof that God exists. So creation is talking, it is pouring forth speech and moment by moment declaring to everyone that God exists and it says night after night, these skies and this creation they reveal the knowledge that God is there and maybe back in those earlier centuries, it didn't really make sense in what way, oh Lord, are the heavens really pouring out speech. We don't really hear them, we don't really understand what they are trying to say, maybe people of those days could have said that but now today when we are living in this century where science has advanced so much, now it becomes a little more difficult for us to pretend that God does not exist because the more people are understanding science, the more they are realizing that there must be an intelligent creator, some intelligent being has made all of these things because now we are beginning to realize that this universe is not just some primitive bit of entity that's just existing, it is so intricately designed, every single thing has been so perfectly placed to perform a particular purpose. So we can't, we can no longer pretend and say, oh there is no God because someone must have made everything fall into place so accurately and so the more science is advancing, the more difficult it's becoming for people to pretend that oh there is no God in existence and so in fact things came to a climax in the mid 1980s when they had this conference on science and religion, it was this international conference and you had a lot of big names and big figures who were supposed to speak at that particular conference and one of the main speakers for that conference was this person named Alan Rex Sandage, now of course we who are not really familiar with the scientific field may not even be aware of his name but this was a big person who in the field of cosmology, the people who study the skies and the planets and all of that so he was a really big name in that particular field and he was one of the main speakers at that event and so at the conference you had all the theologians, the people who believe in the existence of God sitting on one side and you had all the scientific community sitting on the other side and so they would be having a lot of talks and discussions and that was basically what the conference was about so when Alan Rex Sandage came they just assumed that he too would be sitting on you know on the side of the scientists but he goes and takes a place among the theologians and he sits down over there and everyone is very puzzled and they're wondering why he is sitting on the other side especially because he you know is an acclaimed atheist who doesn't even believe in the existence of God so they all wonder and then when his turn comes to get up and speech he stands up over there and he says I have been studying the Big Bang Theory in great detail and now I'm a Christian I believe in the existence of God and that was like a shock for the scientific community at that time and then after that it kind of became common even as science kept advancing and people began to understand what exactly is involved in all the things which exist today they began to understand oh there there was definitely someone an intelligent being who made all of this happen it didn't just accidentally come into place so after the 1980s as we entered into the 1990s you had a whole bunch of scientists admitting that yes God exists without the existence of God this creation could not have come into place could not have become what it is and so science in fact actually points again and again towards the existence of God and so why do people still not believe Romans 1 18 to 20 gives a very very you know actual practical reason why people are still resisting this whole idea of God's existence if we could have someone read out Romans chapter 1 verses 18 to 20 very very clear powerful wording mentioned over here in this passage in verse 19 it says since what may be known about God is plain to them because God has made it plain to them okay so it says since the creation of the world God's invisible qualities is eternal far and divine nature have been clearly seen being understood from what has been made and that is why it says people are without excuse anyone who can see creation is without excuse because creation points to the fact that there is a creator God and no one can deny it why are people denying it it explains that in verse 18 it says godlessness and the wickedness of people that is what is causing them to suppress the truth by their wickedness because once you admit that God exists you have to admit that he has certain standards in place and you will have to change your lifestyle and start living in a way that you know meets those standards so it is easier it is more convenient to pretend that God is not there because then you have the freedom to live however you wish and then it's up to you to you know to drop your own set of ethical principles and say this is good I will follow this but if you say that God exists then he gets to decide what is good and what is bad and then you will have to live according to those standards and that requires you know a responsibility and people do not want that and so even though now I mean especially today when the whole theory of evolution is literally going down the drain and people are able to come up with so much evidence which disproves evolution scientists are coming up with the most outlandish most ridiculous theories just to keep supporting that theory because if they have to admit that God exists then oh my they'll really have to rework on their entire principles their ethics their lifestyle and they don't want to do that and so they're coming up with such ridiculous ideas just to hold up this ancient you know 19th century theory about evolution so this is very very interesting the way you know the world direction inch the world is headed the evidence of God is becoming clearer and clearer people can no longer just pretend that he is not there this is a Christian writer named Lynn Anderson and so he was having this discussion with an atheist and he came up with some very good arguments about why God really exists and so he was having this discussion with this person and that person you know kept coming up with all kinds of arguments and then finally Lynn Anderson you know he said some of the arguments that I have presented are so logical and they are so correct and you're still denying and saying that God does not exist so tell me is the problem that you can't believe what I am saying or is the problem that you don't want to believe what I am saying and in fact it's very wonderful that that particular man you know such a frank and honest man he sat for a while he thought about it and then he said you know I'm running this business I'm making a lot of money but I am bending rules breaking you know the law to make the money that I am making now if I believe in God then I'll have to give up this in fact I lose all of my wealth plus I'm having all of this extramarital affairs that my wife doesn't know about I'll have to give up all of that I think it would be more convenient for me if God does not exist is what he very very frankly said so you see it is the wickedness of humans which suppresses the truth or the truth is very very plain to be seen in creation that there is a Creator God who is you know who is behind all that has been created so that is the evidence that we get from nature and creation we also have the evidence of the Bible how does the Bible begin Genesis 1 1 if someone could read out Genesis 1 1 yeah it's very very plain and simple you know the first verse of the Bible does not say does God exist should we know try to try to explore and find out whether God exists no such no such arguments even necessary very first sentence very plainly says in the beginning of what God God was there in the beginning God was there and God went on to create the heavens and the earth so there's no need for any argument even scripture starts off with a basic wording in the beginning God created the heavens and the earth so from verse 1 it's very very clear that God is there the problem is with people wanting to not accept the fact but scripture very very clearly points to the existence of God now you know most of the notes which you have are based on Wayne Grudem's systematic theology and that was something that was written in the 1970s so it is a little dated a little outdated so he only gives three arguments he calls them the traditional proofs for the existence of God so he gives the cosmological argument the teleological argument and the moral argument which you know the three arguments which argue that God exists the first one is the cosmological argument it's just basically saying every single thing you know which exists must have had a cause something didn't just appear out of nothing something must have made it appear something must have caused it to come into existence so the cosmological argument basically says that everything has a cause there is a causal agent which made something happen you know for instance you know if we all come down over here to the basement and we find a horse standing over there you know one fine morning and then you know if someone says yeah the horse just came into existence you would look at that person like as if there's something very wrong with his mind because obviously someone must have brought that horse down someone caused it to come down it didn't just simply materialize every single thing that is there in existence must have been caused by something okay so everything that has a beginning has also a cause which caused that beginning okay so the cosmological argument it's supposed to have been actually formulated I think in the 15th century or 16th century by this Middle Eastern person who came up with the thing and so he says every single thing that has a beginning began because something caused it to start existing it doesn't apply to God because you see God never had a beginning God always was there so you know he didn't need to have a causal agent he always was there but everything which has a beginning something must have made that beginning begin okay so that is the cosmological argument without going into the details of it teleological argument is basically the argument which says that there is so much harmony so much order so much design in the universe that we have to admit that an intelligent being must have made it okay so you know we talked about all these scientists who are now beginning to realize that there must be an intelligent creator one of them is Michael B. Hay I think I'm probably killing the poor man's name but you know it's B. H. E. Michael B. Hay or whatever so he's this biochemist who did a lot of research into DNA so he basically studies the living cell and you know the human living cell and inside that cell you have DNA so he's done great research into that and the more and more he began to research he began to discover how amazingly detailed this whole cell is one tiny little thing you know a cell is like the most basic organism out of which you know you have other things being built and this thing is so detailed so intricate so finely designed it could not have accidentally come into existence so he too became a believer you know and he too became a Christian and he said God exists and he went on to write something called Darwin's black box and that went on to be an award-winning book in which he really destroys the whole theory of evolution okay so the teleological argument basically says that there is so much harmony and order and design in the universe that it is ridiculous to say that there is no intelligent creator coming to the moral argument you know which Wayne Grudem mentions what do we mean by moral argument all of us human beings we instinctively have this sense in our heart of something which is right and something that is wrong even if nobody teaches us that we automatically sense that there are certain things which are correct and certain things which are wrong you know even the cannibalistic you know primitive societies you know which actually go around eating human beings even they know that murder is wrong in the sense you know they go and attack the another enemy tribe and then they kill them and they have they perform this ritual where they actually cook the enemy and they eat the enemy because they believe that the power of the enemy is now coming into their body you know when they eat them or something like that they have their own set of ideas but even they believe that murder is wrong because you know if somebody in their community happily goes around killing all their neighbors you think they're going to keep quiet no they're going to take action against that person because they also know that murder is wrong they are willing to try it out on an enemy tribe but you start killing their own neighbors and their own family members you think they're going to be quiet no because even they in their hearts sense that murder is wrong so human beings have been created with a certain set of moral absolutes we automatically sense that certain things are wrong and certain things are right so we cannot escape this so why why do we have this you know moral absolutes in our heart because a creator god is there who put that particular value system inside us so people you know who say oh the ethics that we have is just a sociobiological evolution society decided that certain things you know make life convenient so they chose certain things as right and they chose certain things as wrong we can say that but even the most primitive societies which decided that cannibalism is a good thing even they if you try doing that to their family member or to their neighbor they are not going to keep quiet because in their heart they have that moral absolute murder is wrong so these are things that we cannot escape from so these moral absolutes in our heart prove that there's a god who put those absolutes in our heart and we cannot get away from it we cannot escape that okay so we spend some time talking about why we clearly can see that god exists okay so i thought this is one important component that we should you know consider even as we are having this talk before we move on to the next thing okay the second argument the spelling of that would be t a l e o l o g i c a l teleological argument now all these three things are there in the notes so you know if you're on go in the google classroom it will be there in your stream page the notes have been posted so it's there it's mentioned in your notes and of course if you're on the e-platform there as well you would have the notes posted okay so the first was the cosmological argument then you have the teleological argument and then you have the moral argument all three of which are just very briefly mentioned like i said last time you can always download the Wayne Gruden book which will you know discuss these things in greater detail because Wayne Gruden is very very easily available on the net you just have to type in on google and it automatically appears yeah so coming to the attributes of god now generally you know you would have scholars dividing the attributes of god into the communicable attributes and the in communicable attributes in communicable attributes are attributes which are unique to god human beings don't have them on the other hand communicable attributes are attributes of god which he has passed on to humans he has shared that with humans for instance god is holy but he god has also enabled humans to be holy you know with the help of the holy spirit in the same way god is truthful and humans also have been given the ability to be truthful so there are certain attributes of god which he has shared with humans so those you would call the communicable attributes and then there are in communicable attributes which are unique to him only he has those attributes now it's kind of difficult to you know to classify and separate these two sets of attributes so sometimes I might get a little mixed up in the way I'm you know I'm covering these attributes of god but basically we're supposed to be right now discussing the in communicable attributes but I'll bring in even some communicable attributes because I just want to bunch all the similar ones together so that you know we don't repeat the same thing again and again so anyway moving into the first in communicable attribute god is the creator and he is eternal maybe we can look at one verse which talks about that some 90 verse 2 90 some 90 verse 2 if someone could read out from everlasting to everlasting you are god so god has always been there he never had a beginning so something didn't have to cause him to start being he always was there okay so from everlasting to everlasting he always existed so obviously he was there before the mountains were born he was there before the world was brought into existence he was always there maybe one verse we can look at from the new testament 1st timothy 117 if we could have someone read out 1st timothy 117 so 1st timothy 117 describes god as king eternal always has existed there never was a beginning there never will be an end to him he always has been and he always will be everlasting to everlasting so he's king eternal now Jesus of course has the same attribute because Jesus you know the word was with god in the beginning and the word is god as well so Jesus Christ is also eternal it's just that some of the wording Jewish wording which is used in our bible kind of makes people in modern times think that maybe he was created but then we need to understand the way the Jews used those particular terms so that we don't misunderstand what is written in scripture about Jesus Christ so you know I thought it's good if we can just cover this while we are talking about the eternal nature of God Colossians chapter 1 verses 15 to 17 if someone could read out Colossians 1 15 to 17 okay so the problem is with that I know phrase the first born overall creation and so some people have this mistaken idea that you know God that Jesus Christ was created but that would be a wrong way of reading that particular term Jesus Christ was first born in the same way that Isaac is called the only son now we very clearly know that Isaac was not the only son of Abraham Abraham had two sons he had Ishmael and Isaac so in your Genesis chapter 22 verse 2 where God describes Isaac as your only son that term you could say it's a kind of legal term because it's talking about the son you know the prominent son the one who will be given the inheritance so in that sense he is the only son because you know in a legal sense he is going to be the heir the inheritor of everything that is going to be given so these terms first born only born all of those terms are the Jewish way of saying this is the person the prominent son to whom everything is going to go okay so it's something like that which is why of course in John 3 16 you have Jesus being described in that way where it says he gave his one and only son also over there you know the legal term being brought out is that he is the one to whom everything belongs and so Colossians 1 15 to 17 when it's describing Jesus as the first born over all creation or if you want to use John 3 16 where it says the one and only son it is talking about what is described in Colossians 1 15 16 17 for in him all things were created and it goes on to say all things have been created through him and for him he is before all things and in him all things hold together so he is going to be the ruler the Lord over everything that has been made and in fact he is the one who made it all happen so in that sense he is the first born the inheritor over all creation he is the only begotten son the you know the one and only son in the sense that he is the one who is going to be inheriting what is what has been created so in that sense Isaac 2 was called your only son when biologically we know that there were actually two sons involved okay so these are more legal terms which the Jews would have understood very easily it's just that we are now living you know so many years later and so we may misunderstand these terms but in in no sense you know are we to understand Jesus Christ as being created he was not a created being he too is eternal just like God the Father and God the Holy Spirit coming to another important attribute of God God is infinite there are no limits okay now these are all points some of these points are there in your notes some of the points are not in your notes so it's just you know I picked up stuff from different places so some of these things you may not find in your notes but of course it's there in your lecture now so you can always go to the video and you will have all of these points all right so I'm just wanted to you know tell you that I'm not covering the things in the same order in which you know it's covered in your notes and we'll just try to fit in whatever we can into the time that we have because we're talking about God and we're talking about an infinite limitless God and to fit him into to our lecture is like impossible okay so we'll just cover whatever we can about this infinite God who has no limits so once we see that God is without limit and he's infinite automatically a whole bunch of attributes kind of fall into place we'll be talking about his omnipotence we'll be talking about his omnipresence uh what is the other one the omniscience and then there are a whole other bunch of things so I just kind of bunched all those together you know all those aspects which kind of reflect his um infiniteness so maybe we can start off with God being omnipotent no limits to his power okay potent is the word for power so he's omnipotent all powerful no limits are there to his power now how does he express this power that's the sheer beauty of it okay we have this very lovely verse in Hebrews 4 12 if you could have one read out Hebrews 4 verse 12 yeah you know I'll we'll just go to that third portion which is describing the word God as being living and powerful this omnipotence of God his unlimited power is contained in the word and it's freely available you know sometimes you don't even have to purchase a bible like they give it you're free you have free copies of the bible being given out this bible contains the words in it contain the omnipotent unlimited power of God so this unlimited power of God is being made available to people who will put their faith in the word of God and if you do that this unlimited power gets released on our behalf I mean imagine how much more of a luxury and a privilege can we possibly have the omnipotent unlimited power of God is contained in his words and those words are written down for us in scripture and if we can just study this word of God and really understand how it applies to our lives and start applying it you literally have the omnipotent power of God working for you for your family it's such a beautiful thing and all it takes is faith and submission you know just that simple trust where you say Lord I trust your word I trust what you have said and I'm going to submit myself to it and live in accordance with it and when you do that his omnipotent power is working on your behalf and it's an amazing you know thought it's something that you know we can tap into for the rest of our lives so this unlimited power of God is also you know very beautifully brought out in another scripture that we can look at Luke 1 36 and 37 if someone could read out Luke 1 36 and 37 okay so the NIV you know which our student read out just now it says no word from God will ever fail because you see these words of God they contain the omnipotent power of God how on earth can his words fail they can't there are no limits to his power so if he says something he will make it happen so that is why this old lady you know who's who was beyond her childbearing years she just goes ahead and conceives why because when God speaks something his omnipotent power which is contained in those words will cause that word to pass he will make it happen he will fulfill it and so you know the NKJV does not bring it out so clearly it just simply says for with God nothing will be impossible which is true but you know NIV tries to make an effort to bring out the meaning of what is contained over there and it translates it as for no word from God will ever fail okay so if he says something even if it's an impossible thing that he is saying it will happen because his omnipotent power which is contained in his word causes it to happen okay let's move on to the other infinite aspect of him his omniscience he is a God who is all knowing he knows everything and he knows it perfectly because there are no limits to his understanding maybe we can look at a few scriptures Psalm 147 verse 5 if someone could read out Psalm 147 verse 5 yes his understanding has no limits in NIV it says understanding is infinite okay so God's understanding is infinite now how does that apply to us you know the very very popular famous scripture that we all know Isaiah 55 8 and 9 if someone could read out Isaiah 55 8 and 9 so God's thoughts are infinitely higher than our thoughts so sometimes there are things which go on in our lives in our family and we wonder why I have been faithful to the Lord I have held on to his promises and yet all these things are happening why why is God permitting these things to happen and God does not give us a detailed explanation of why he's doing things in a particular way all he says to us is he says my thoughts are not your thoughts your thoughts are very very limited very restricted but on the other hand my understanding my thoughts are infinite so what you are trying to logically understand at your little level is nothing my thoughts are higher than than your thoughts to the extent that the heavens are higher than the earth which is like you know infinitely higher because we know that the heavens have no limit it just infinitely goes on and on so you know we don't need to worry as long as you're walking in line with the Lord and you're following his guidance and you know you're being sensitive to his leading he will take care because his thoughts are infinitely higher so if it doesn't make sense to your little brain and you have you know Satan coming in whispering and you're saying ha ha see things are not working out for you God has not come for come through for you he's not being faithful then you can tell Satan Satan my thoughts and your thoughts are very very limited his understanding is infinitely higher so you just wait and see the day will come when things will fall in place because my God knows what he is doing you and I may not understand you Satan now don't have much of a brain you don't understand I don't understand but our Lord he understands and he will take care you know so we can have the beautiful assurance in this omniscience the all-knowingness of God another aspect of his infiniteness would be his omnipresence God is present everywhere and this is what God says about his omnipresence in Jeremiah 23 versus 23 and 24 if someone could read out Jeremiah 23 23 and 24 yes so the Lord says here can anyone hide himself in secret places so I shall not see him I'm everywhere I'm the God who is near I'm also the God who is afar off nobody can go anywhere and hide themselves from my presence I am everywhere and it sounds almost threatening that my goodness you can never escape from God but there's a good side to it as well if we can look at some 139 7 to 10 okay some 139 7 to 10 if someone could read out okay so now in Jeremiah the person who is fleeing from God and trying to hide from God we do not know why he is doing that the same way over here in Psalm 139 verse 7 we're not particularly sure why this person is trying to flee from God but wherever that person flees wherever that person tries to go and hide God is over there and he's not pursuing that person out of any evil intent that is the beauty which comes out in Psalm 139 why is the why is God going on pursuing that person into whichever corner he's fleeing to because God wants to guide that person with his hand he wants to hold him fast to make his life secure so you know we never have to feel threatened by the omnipresence of God wherever you go however far you try to run away and hide God is still there but God is not chasing you with any evil intent he's coming after you because he wants to take hold of you make your life secure he wants to guide and lead you and that's exactly what happened with Jonah Jonah went running because he wanted to go running away and hide he wanted to get go as far away from God as possible and so he if God says you know go towards Nineveh he goes in exactly the opposite direction towards Tarshish but you can't escape from God's presence because God's presence is everywhere and why did God's presence continue to pursue Jonah not to bring him any kind of harm God wanted to guide him and hold him fast in his hand and make his life secure so Jonah finally comes to his senses and he writes us the story so we all know today what happened okay so if you had not come back to his senses and written down that story about what happened you know we would have you know lost in a very wonderful story so God is everywhere and we don't have to worry about that because he is everywhere he can reach us even at the lowest depths if you have messed up your life completely and you're finding yourself at the bottom of the pit even at the bottom of the pit his presence is there and he wants to guide you and he wants to hold you fast he wants to make your life a better one so it's such a good thing God is present everywhere alright keeping that in mind you know we could maybe look at another aspect of God's nature which is that God is a spirit so if God had been restricted to a material body or physical body he would only be there in one place but because he is he's a spirit being he is everywhere there is no to his presence so he can be in the same place but he can be at the same time so he can be with us believers who are gathered over here in the class and at the same time he is also with our families back home you know so his because he's a spirit being there are no limits to where he can be now how does that apply to us if we could have one person read out John chapter 4 versus 19 to 24 John 4 19 to 24 okay so we have this lady the Samaritan lady you know she's bringing up an argument which had been going on for centuries an argument between the Samaritans and the Jewish people because both of them claimed that their spiritual father was Moses so the Samaritan said our spiritual father is Moses and the Israelites said you know our spiritual father is also Moses so Samaritan said Moses instructed us that we should worship God on Mount Gerizim but the Israelites said no no no God has instructed us to worship him in Jerusalem so this controversy had been going on so she says to Jesus you know I think you seem to be a prophet so you tell me where should we actually worship God on Mount Gerizim or should we do it on Jerusalem and God looks at her and says you know what you're not going to be worshiping him on this mountain or in that city he is a being going to be praying for people who are going to worship in spirit and truth because he is a spirit being he is everywhere so he is meant to be worshiped everywhere there is no limit so when you go to your workplace or you go to the office you can't say oh okay on Sunday I was in God's presence and I had to be respectful and worship him today I'm in my workplace I'm at the office no God is a spirit is there present in your office the way you conduct yourself in your office better be respectful the way you're doing your work your boss is not looking it better be honorable because God is there and you're he's you know waiting on you to worship him so you cannot escape from God's presence wherever you go he is there and he expects you to be worshiping him so you can't say only when I go to Mount Gerizim I will worship him and you can't say only when I go to the temple I will worship him that is no excuse you ask worship him in spirit and truth everywhere because wherever you go he is present and he expects you to be living in an honorable way you know when we come into the church especially in some cultures when you come to the church you're so aware of his presence that people actually remove their footwear and then they come inside because they say oh we are in God's presence we have to be respectful but according to this scripture passage when you go and hang out with your friends in someone's house his presence is over there so you may not take off your footwear but he is there so the words you speak the jokes you crack the discussions that you have what you're watching oh may be honorable to the Lord because it's the same as when you step into church the same way his presence is there in the church it's there in that house where all of you are hanging up so you cannot escape as meant to worship him in spirit and truth because he is a spirit being he is everywhere okay so on that note we will take our break and then we'll come back again at 10 o'clock so if we can all log back in at 10 o'clock we'll you know resume with our class thank you