Hi, I'm Iirka. This presentation will be basically overview about the ongoing work on U-PROPE multi-link, which is basically a way to attach multiple to attach BPF program to multiple U-PROPEs. I'm going to do it also now, but there are some difficulties and the U-PROPE multi-link is trying to to address that. So first, what's U-PROPE? U-PROPE is basically probe that you can install on the application or the library. Basically, it's defined as the offset of the space where you will actually enter the probe and anytime when the application is executed and going through that place the probe will be hit and sequentially the BPF program will be executed. U-PROPE is also used when you want to actually attach BPF program to the U-PROPE so like the user statically defined transport if there are in the application. If you are actually attaching BPF program to it the the way it's done is that we actually use U-PROPE to attach that. As I said, U-PROPE is defined by the path offset and it's also the U-PROPE which will limit the probe execution just for that process ID. There's one extra field which makes sense for U-SDT but is part of U-PROPE configuration is this RF counter offset. It's basically another like Boolean value which got said when the U-SDT probe is attached and it will be set like to true and it's counter. For me it's just another field that I need to take care about so it's properly attached and it's ongoing work. At the moment how it actually looks like when you want to create U-PROPE is that you need a perf event to do that so basically you are attaching BPF program so you need to load the BPF program you have the program FD then you need to open the perf event where you basically need to use the K-PROPE PMU sorry U-PROPE PMU where you specify the path the offset and inside the kernel the perf event installation will actually do execute the U-PROPE register which is like the API how to create the U-PROPE the path translates to inode and inode and the offset are like the keys are like the interface how to create the U-PROPE then you need to perf event with the U-PROPE and then you need to connect it with the program that you just loaded so there's IOCTL command for that set BPF on the perf event and it will actually attach the BPF program to the perf event then you enable the perf event and from that time you actually monitor multiple probes like this there are two problems so it takes time it turned out that actually creating 1,000 perf events together with attaching the BPF program on it is costly when you try to attach for example 1,000 probes using the BPF trace to the application on my system it would take like 20 seconds so that's one problem that it doesn't scale well another problem is that by creating the perf event you spend the file descriptor and if you are creating multiple probes for each U-PROPE you need extra file descriptor this is actually this is output of procfd directory of the BPF trace and it's actually wasting the file descriptor also for the BPF program which I don't think doesn't need to be like extra program for each U-PROPE we could probably use the same file descriptor but still 1,000 U-PROPEs you will waste 1,000 file descriptors because of the perf event so that's the reason for the creating the U-PROPE multi-link basically it attaches the BPF program to multiple U-PROPEs without using the perf event basically you load the program and then you create the link with the program you specify the U-PROPEs you want to create and the kernel insight is basically just running a sequentially U-PROPE register for each U-PROPE that you define and fortunately that's actually very fast so you don't need to change there like you can register I tried like 50,000 U-PROPEs and it's within 1 second so that's actually why it's all possible so how does the interface look like we are creating new link so we needed to add new fields to the BPF ATTR union under the link rate and there's new U-PROPE U-PROPE multi-structure and basically it has all the fields that you need to when you are defining the U-PROPE but each field not each but the paths offset and ref counter offset and the cookies they are actually arrays and when you take like one index it defines one U-PROPE so if you go to that index to all the all the arrays it will define one particle U-PROPE can't just tell you how many U-PROPEs you defined and flags at the moment there is just one flag that will tell if that's K-PROPE I mean U-PROPE or U-PROPE so this is like the kernel interface there's the BPF interface as well so for BPF link create function basically we mimic the kernel interface so there's a new struct in the link rate ops that you can basically put the same data and then go to the BPF ATTR more user friendly function is BPF program attach U-PROPE multi ops there you can actually specify binary together with the pattern of the function and the function will go through that binary and look up the symbols that match the pattern and attach the program as a U-PROPE to that to all those symbols or you can you can basically use the same way as for the link rate and define all the all the arrays for the U-PROPEs that you want to specify together with this interface there's also U-PROPE in the RFC but it's planned to be support for the section definitions so currently there's like U-PROPE multi and you specify under the slash you say what path and the function pattern and you can define program like that and it will be automatically attached as U-PROPE multi program and we will have the U-PROPE as well and the last change in the LibBPF is that basically when we have the function that attach U-SDT U-SDT and inside that function we actually we will detect if we can use a link interface and use that instead of currently like using just U-PROPE so effectively when you will use that function and there will be the kernel will have support for the new link it will attach the U-SDT probes with this U-PROPE multi link there are two important helpers they are not added of course but there's these two helpers have like flavors for different program types and also for programs that are attached with U-PROPE multi link so get func IP will get you the user space value of the IP register at the probe and the attach cookie will get attach cookie will actually get you the cookie that you can specify when you when you create U-PROPE so you can have your own data specific data for a specific probe available I mentioned the PID filter that's something that the current RFC doesn't support but as per discussion it seems that to be able to replace U-PROPE current U-PROPE interface with this new interface we need it and it looks like it's actually possible and not that bad so this will be added in next version and yeah I have some users that actually I'm using to test the feature so there's support for the tetragone and BPF trace for that you can check it out your questions sorry that's more of a generic question I don't know exactly how the multi-link interface works but like what happens if one of the things that you're trying to install a link fails like do you fail everything or do you fail only the thing that failed yeah I think we fail everything we don't have any like so you have to roll back afterwards yes there's a specific error path like rolling back everything that we created so far would it make sense to like try everything and return I don't know like the successes or the failures yeah we don't do this type of things right then do yeah I mean it's cheap enough to like to fail if you have like thousands of functions and like one or two of them like might fail I mean it's only you like to break it maybe and like do the binary search of like which one are not attachable but like you shouldn't instruct Colonel to do that one comment like if you can go a few slides back about like UAPI after talking a bunch was container guys I think like nowadays maybe in addition to accepting paths we should accept file descriptors they're like everything file descriptor that's the most reliable way right so like I didn't define the file to which to attach like we should probably have like a flag to say like this is the array of file descriptors versus array of like pointers to strings that was one comment and I know we discussed that like on the mailing list about like multiple paths instead of just saying like everything stays within the single I know single file I'm still not convinced honestly it seems like a complication in UAPI in implementation and in practice you always work with one file so look at like BPF trace at like UAPI at like Libbpf section definition there is one path to the file right so I think like we can simplify it both for users and for the implementation like furthermore like when you have the BPF program like the high level API BPF program attach you probe attach multi you probe right if you specify if you can specify multiple L files and then like you have a pattern per each file that just makes Libbpf like do so many like elf parsings right like it would be much simpler to optimize it for single file right like I open L file once maybe I sort like the patterns or like for function names or whatever and they just do one pass otherwise like doing it multiple times it's like super expensive I think like overall like I don't see a lot of benefit to having multiple file paths per one like multi you probe link like what are the realistic use cases where you need this it's true that it for BPF trace it's always like it will be separated by one path for Tetragon we can actually configure like multiple them but I doubt there will be like many of them so it can be yeah so like you can have a few multi links doesn't really matter I would just make it like in most common case you'll be allocating an array of exactly the same pointers hmm true and then like you by the way like so completely different question right you're saying the you probe register is super fast why is it fast and why the K probe was slow like remember like we had to do like the multi IP attachment K probe and all stuff why that doesn't apply to you probe so it's doing different thing right I mean we are so what you probe register is doing it it actually installs the software breakpoint on that offset of that I know and that seems to be very cheap well if I remember correctly for K probes right like the slow part was like we were synchronizing CPUs and stuff like this so like if you do it one by one that's like where we spend most of the time just waiting for CPUs to get on the same page like that that doesn't happen in you probe case so for K probe we had to actually add the F probes to have another layer basically what I'm getting is like do we still need to like improve you probe further and like do something like F probe for you probe or like there is just no point because it will be exactly the same no well it doesn't look like I mean from all the testing this I am doing this actually for like 50,000 you probes it's very fast it's always like within one second it's I didn't even like measure it because it didn't make any sense that's great it's I also from all the profiles the main main thing that was slow was like Perf event installation because it's doing like really some unique things like using the IPIs to install to the practical CPUs and stuff like that and it's probably costly you mentioned that you tried you have a tester to install the thousands of you probes it's a quick very quick but my question is that when you doing that the tester is that every objects or fire already been loaded into memory or is just somewhere and no process using them because that may make different I don't know how it works but I imagine maybe happen at somewhere when the library have been loaded or finally been loaded into memory we'll do that in quotation so the benchmark I was doing was on the file that wasn't mapped at all it was like on the file system it had to be read like yeah I don't have too many too much data on like all the profiling I just did the cases that were easy to do and that look like I mean covered the whole thing but I definitely we need to also check like the boundaries of the performance if there are like some conditions where the you probe register might get actually slow but so far it looks like it's fast it's just a small comment were you discussing before having a single path for like a single binary for all the so one use case that maybe doesn't really match this pattern and we don't really have it but it's a potential thing to think about is like looking for a single symbol in all binaries so basically it's like P thread mutex log in all of the binaries of the system it's something that sounds reasonable to do I guess well that would be like always tied to some library right or I mean there is a more usual case it's use DT like very often you don't care which binary use DT is defined in so you just like find all the use DT's blah blah blah column blah blah blah but even in that case you have to like discover all the binaries and process them one by one and that's the expensive part not like creating 10 links I think so I would still keep it simple like the BPF proc attach use DT even if you need to do it across multiple binaries like it's very easy like to to do this because like you still have to like identify every single binary where you need to attach to so that's true alright thank you very much thanks


Welcome to Access a Trader, the number one community for those who are committed to taking control of their trading in order to achieve success, profitability, and longevity. Thank you for joining us. Here's Dan Shapiro to help you find your edge, master your process, and own your future. Hey guys, good to be here, everybody. Welcome to another edition of the AccessaTrader.com Nightly Wrap-Up Show. Hope everybody is doing well. So let's start by the tape. So the indexes really didn't tell the story today. If you look at the final scoreboard, pretty much flat across the board, the Dow, fractional loss, the S&P, and the Nasdaq, fractional gains. Again, nothing really has been decided from the macro point of view, just the way it hasn't been decided in a very, very long time. Again, the bulls are there saying we'll never go down. The bears are saying, you know, we should be going down and somewhere in the middle is the true kind of nature of the market. And the most important part of it is it's your job to figure out your place in it and how to take advantage. I think a lot of traders, and it was kind of a weird day. First of all, from the good part, right, from the good part, there was not necessarily a bad part, but kind of I want to show the good part at least. Again, Amazon continues to be a rock star, right? I mean, at one point we saw continuously, right? If you guys remember, it all started out very innocently, a couple of days back off this 2060 level, and we've been talking about nonstop every single day, 2200, 2300, 2400, 2700 calls. We even saw a June 3000 call.  Potentially could go on a still a parabolic move. So congratulations for all you guys who caught that. It was a weird, weird day, okay? And not in a bad weird way or good weird way is just weird. It was almost to the point that you had to make some tough decisions. So for example, if you are an owner of a restaurant, right? If you are even starting a restaurant, there's a lot of things you have to take into consideration. Number one, where's the location, right? Location, location, location, very, very important. The decoration, very important, the type of cuisine you are serving, very, very important. The prices will either make you or break you, the coolness factor, all that good stuff, right? When you're a professional trader, you have to make decisions after decisions and the decisions. And sometimes the decisions that you are forced to make are not necessarily benefiting you for today. But is going to set a foundation for your trading for the future. So for example, I make a lot of hard choices every single day, right? When I look at a setup, I say, well, let me compare daily to the 60 minute vice versa. Where does the stock, where has the stock come from? Where is this potential? Is it too stretched out? Can I see more upside or downside depending on the market that I'm trading in? And how much risk to reward do I really need to expect before I put on the trade? These are a lot of decisions every single trader, no matter what you're trading.  However, the biggest decision, right? The biggest decision a trader can make is the art of understanding and identifying patients. What do I mean by that? Right? Everybody uses the word patients, right?  And again, that's great, right? That's fantastic. And it all makes sense. But a lot of traders will sit there, especially when you're new, because you don't know what you're looking for. You don't understand exactly what you're a patient for. And you have to make decisions. And the problem with making decisions when you are brand new and using the word patients, but not really fully understanding exactly what you're waiting for. Subconsciously, you're putting yourself in a tremendous, tremendous ring of fire without even knowing this. And the longer you are trading, right? The longer you are trading, it makes decisions making a lot easier. So for example, 20 years plus is almost gonna be 21 years very, very soon. I wake up in the morning. I have a plan, right? I have a plan from the night before, usually hear about it on the nightly video. I have an opinion, I have a sentiment, and I just wait for confirmation. And it's okay sometimes that I'll let the day go by. Again, it doesn't happen all the time, but once in a while, if I don't see the value I like, I kind of leave it alone because I always know there'll be a better value play the next day. So today was kind of an odd day, right? I had a good plan coming into today. Obviously, Amazon and any type of weakness, check, check. Tesla, I was waiting for a channel, still waiting for that channel, check, check. And then I liked stocks, for example, when I came in today, I said, well, you know, the last night we were talking about Apple, and I wound up watching Apple, you know, trade, not really the area that I wanted. Last night I was watching for the, you know, we talked about this briefly this morning, this morning strategy, I like the 322 level, 323.5, 324, not so much. I had an opportunity this morning to say, well, I kind of like this Roku, I like the kind of this pivot, do I really want to chase Roku up $6, $7? Again, made a choice, didn't trade it. Nvidia, again, big, big run two days ago, big, big run yesterday. The stock, again, here was the pivot in the morning and I said to myself, well, do I really want to chase Nvidia after a 20 point move up another $5? So I had the opportunity today, right? I had the opportunity today and I kind of said to myself, you know what, the risk parameters versus the overall reward, I can't live with that, right? I can't live with that. And again, yada, yada, yada, the pivots worked. I didn't take those pivots because, again, I wanted to make sure that I was safe. I always lead with my shield. I don't leave my chin. It's always about risk first, right? Risk first, mentality first, protection of capital first, and then see what we get, okay? So I kind of let my window today in the morning dry up, right? I sort of kind of closed and I sat there and I sat there this morning. I said to myself, well, what can I do? I'm like, what can I do now? And if this was me 15 years ago, 18 years ago, I would have been, you know, looking to see where's the next one? You know, what's the next one? Where's the next one? I have to trade. I have to trade. I have to trade. The problem is when you have to trade, it's an emotional decision, okay? You want to trade. But remember, you don't have to trade. You want to trade, but you don't have to trade. And the problem with that is when you're new to trading, you believe, again, because social media tells you every single day and Jim Pramer and all these different sources of outlets of news, they'll tell you there's always an opportunity somewhere. And again, in the rabbit bull market, they're probably right. The problem is you are going to be putting yourself in a very vulnerable state because again, a lot of the opportunity, for example, happened weeks ago, okay? And it's all part of a continuation cycle. So for example, it's a lot easier. And again, this is a pivot weeks a couple of days ago that started out the whole thing. It's a lot easier to digest a 2060 break on Amazon than a 2160 break on Amazon. Because again, you're buying continuation. You're not buying the true nature of a confirmation channel. So you make these decisions every single day. And I kind of sat today and I watched a few things go up, go down. I traded some beyond. I traded Billy on a bounce, made some money on beyond, lost a little bit of money on Billy, yada, yada, yada. And I kind of said to myself, you know what? It's a 2-7 offsuit. It's just not worth it. So I kind of sat there just kind of watching the market for the rest of the day. And again, if this was 15, 18, 20 years ago, I would have probably cut off my ear, probably cut off my ear trying to find that next opportunity. But again, when I started trading at 24, 25, compared to I'm 45 right now going to be 46 in June, it's much easier to understand the ramifications before they happen. And it's also much easier to digest that the opportunity that you usually have every single day will be there probably tomorrow. If you put in the work and you do the research and all that good stuff because again, when you're a trader at any single level, you're demanded. The market gods demand that you put in that work every single day. So if you do so going to the next trading day, you should be okay, right? You should be okay. So I made that constant. I really made that decision and I watched the action for the rest of the day and I'll be honest with you. I don't know where my opportunity would have been. Can you turn around and say, well, Facebook lost its opening range low? Okay. And I went down 50 cents from its opening range low and rallied back again and yada, yada, yada. Was there an opportunity in Tesla? There will be. There will be. We started talking about this afternoon, but it wasn't today, right? It wasn't today. You know, are you going to buy Amazon up 130 points for a new entry? Probably not in a linear market that's demonstrating over and over again that it is tired. It's still very strong, but it is tired. So you have to make some sort of hard choices and being a professional trader is understanding that the same way a restaurant owner understands this, certain days they're going to be slower, right? Mondays and Tuesdays are probably going to be slower in any type of restaurant than it is Thursday, Friday, Saturday, or even Sunday. So it's very, very important to put on your big boy, big girl pants, your adult, right? Your adult thinking cap and just think of what is my worst case scenario, right? Is a flat day, a boring day, a lethargic day, a day that did not capitalize because my window close is that day really necessary that I need to prove to myself I could still click a mouse in the right direction and be proven right, or are you patient enough? Again, that's the word. That's the key word. Are you patient enough? It doesn't make a difference if you're trading one day, one week, 10 years, or 100 years, right? Anything in between.  You are. You are holding a 2-7 offsuit. Are you able to muck it and wait for the next hand? And that's the most important part. A lot of traders, when you are getting older and aged, you hit your 30s, and I know that's crazy, right?  Some good, some bad. So you're more seasoned as a human being. That is also going to reflect in your trading because, again, you understand the ramifications of dealing with life the wrong way, but especially dealing with finances the wrong way. And again, as we say all the time, the market will not give you a mulligan. It's not going to give you a do-over. It will take your money, give it to somebody else, and again, rinse, repeat, rinse, repeat, if you continue to act accordingly. So, you know, for me, it was a very unfulfilled day. Unfulfilled day, but you know what? That's the discipline, okay? That's the discipline. It's very important to me to keep the windows and the doors open, right? If you're in the restaurant and wait for Wednesday, Thursday and Friday and Saturday, because, again, that's where the volume of business is going to come. Today, just like any other day, when lose a draw, you move into the side, you ask yourself a question, that I do everything possible to maximize the trading day, and sometimes that's the easiest way to see it, even if you are patient and kind of let the day go by.  Amazon is a monster. It's still, I still like the macro view when all the way up to the 2180s, NOW never got up to 347. Netflix, I just missed. This is kind of what I mean by my window kind of closed. I missed it. It was so thin, I just missed it. I just missed it. I couldn't, you know, it was just so fast and so thin that I just missed the trade. So, you know, we talked about 375, 376, and it ran, excuse me, right here, 375, 376, and it ran like 378 and change. I just missed it. I just missed it. And again, this is what I meant by not chasing, you know, not chasing, you know, not chasing rainbows, right? Just then I missed it. Okay, window closed. Apple, you know, I liked Apple of 322. I didn't love Apple of 32350. It went pre-market. They didn't even give you a chance. I went to like 20, little under 24. I made some money in BY&D. We actually bought it off that opening range of, what was it, 2250, right? 2250, it got up to like 23 and changed. Never confirmed even if you were looking for that 23 pivot, made a little bit of money there, blah, blah, blah, nothing, right? So I made some money there and, you know, I lost some money on a billy, which I kind of screwed up and I didn't understand why. I didn't give it enough rubber band effect. I only lost like 16, 17 cents in the trade. So it wasn't the point of the money. It was kind of mistreated and it actually went up 60, 70 cents. I kind of screwed it up. Shop, you know, not a big move at all. And again, this is kind of the point of very little, at least limited value for me. You know, not a lot of value. 97 went to a little under 500. So nothing really there. Pets never made it. You know, here's the level. And here's why we say technical analysis is not random. 758, aggressive level. If it builds below, can flush. Look at the level of the day. It stopped right at 758, right? Stopped right at 758, but there is an upside pivot and we will discuss this tomorrow. Actually, we're going to discuss it for the rest of the week. We, again, we started seeing towards end of the day, 850, 900 call buyers all over the place. So the buyers are making bets. So we'll talk about that for another day tomorrow.  This is an upside pivot that never got there. Here is Amazon where I say there's some supply. And again, 100, 130 point move off the pivot from Thursday. Huge, huge move on Amazon. Again, big level of comment that never confirmed. And that's it. And that's it. So it was very, you know, again, it was, it was the prudent thing to do, right? The prudent thing to do, at least for me, at least for me was kind of let the day go by, you know, re-examine my thesis of what I think is going to happen next. Again, I'm always cautiously optimistic. Again, it doesn't make a difference what the market has done. It's what the market is going to do. And when you looked at this linear review, and again, we talked about now for a long, long time, I always have one eye open for a possible aggressive reversal. Again, linear, linear, linear is a magical word and queues are up like 50 bucks since October, which is insane, absolutely insane. So I'm always conscious of the poll. And that's why, again, it's very, very hard for me to digest buying Roku up six, buying Vidya up six after a 20-point run. So again, prudent choices act like an adult to move on to the next day. So let me give you guys some ideas for tomorrow's session, some non-beta names that I kind of like. Take a look at this Sally May, right? Take a look at Sally May. Pretty basic looking chart here. Keep an eye on this thing. This thing starts building, you know, 1190, 12 bucks. Maybe you could get a next move. This is actually a beautiful chart. This is like Tesla B with both hands. Keep an eye on this thing. F-O-L-D looks pretty good again for all you guys who are trading non-beta. If they could just get above this like 1090, 11 area, I think it can go. And look at this little one, J-M-I-A. I was watching it today. I actually tweeted out the prices this afternoon. It stopped right on the 10 day. If this J-M-I-A can just start reclaiming 575, 580, you might get a hell, you might get a push above that $6 area, right? You got a lot of supply here, but you could get a push. Again, first green day in 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 sessions. So first, you know, first session in almost three weeks, almost three weeks of action. So keep an eye on that as well. Guys, again, act like an adult, be like an adult, stay in business. God's help, I'll see you all tomorrow. Take care. Congratulations for putting in the time to take control of your trading. You're one step closer to owning your future and achieving the success you desire. Want daily trade ideas directly from Dan? Straight off his personal watch list? Unlock our free PS60 vault where you'll get nightly updates on pivot opportunities we're watching for the next day's session. Click the link in the description to get started today.


John Lund has Johnny Donner. Jack Lawing, Johnny. You'll have an easy time earning your money on this one. All you have to do is plant the Sioux Saint-Marie and sit around looking important while the Coast Guard does all the work. All the work on what? Well, I fell up by the name of Carl Riches, set off a bomb on an ore boat. The Hampton Queen. Damage is about to some $56,000. We're covering the Hampton Chipping Line, Donner. Well, if the Coast Guard's handling it, what do you want me there for? That's a formality, which has disappeared after the explosion. Only quite that time before the Coast Guard picked them up. There won't be anything for you to do, a real snap. Yeah, I've heard that before, but somehow it never turns out that way. At this point in our program, I'd like to give you something to think about. Probably one of the most quoted Americans in our nation's history is Benjamin Franklin. It was Franklin who said, early to bed, early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise. And never leave that till tomorrow, which you can do today. And of course, the Lord helps them that help themselves. But probably one of his most familiar quotations is, there are only two things in life of which we may be certain, death and taxes. Of course, what bothers most of our taxpayers is that death and taxes don't come in that order. But seriously, one of the biggest jobs handled by the Secretary of the Treasury is the collection of taxes, our government's main source of income. The government raises money through the Bureau of Internal Revenue, which collects income taxes, excise taxes, amusement taxes, and other federal taxes. The Bureau also checks to see that you haven't paid too little, and believe it or not, that you haven't paid too much. Another way the government raises money is through the Bureau of Customs, which levies taxes on imports which are sent here from foreign countries. But although the Treasury Department collects the money, it is Congress, the men we send to Washington, who actually says who will pay taxes and how much. And that's one thing from which none of us can escape. Expense accounts submitted by special investigator, Johnny Downer, to Home Office, Worldwide Maritime and Insurance Company, Hartford, Connecticut. The following is an accounting of expenditures during my investigation of the Hampton Line matter. Expense account item one, $56.30. Airfare and incidentals between Hartford and Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan. My Coast Guard contact was a Commander-Winter. After checking in at the Sioux Hotel, I made my way to Coast Guard headquarters to meet him. Glad to have you aboard with us, Mr. Dollar. Another hand is always welcome here. Well, thanks, Commander. But I have no intention of stepping out official toes. Not a chance. We're happy to have any assistance. Have you been briefed on the situation? Well, I understand that Carl Richard seems to be the number one suspect. Well, so far the evidence seems to point that way. Richard operates a supply and trading boat on the lakes. Yesterday, at about 1,300, he contacted the Hampton Queen near Lookout Point. 10 minutes after he shoved off, the explosion took place. Anything unusual about the manner of contact? Yes. There was all boats stopped for nothing. So the supplies are usually pulled aboard by line as the two boats proceed to breast. So I, Richard, came up to Jacob's office to find Richard's came up to Jacob's ladder himself. Any particular reason why? Well, Captain Torgerson, the Queen couldn't give us any. But Richard spoke to him briefly, went below decks for maybe five minutes, came up again and went over the side. And the explosion took place below deck? Yes. In a utility compartment just about the engine room. Did Richard bring any package aboard that might have held it closer? Captain Torgerson didn't notice any. Richard was wearing a great coat, pretty bulky. Might have had something underneath it. Anything else to connect him with the explosion? One of the engine room hands saw him in that utility compartment. Nobody else was noticed down there. Then, of course, there's his disappearance. What's developed by that committee? Well, after the supply boat shoved off from the Queen, it made no further contact. But it didn't pull into the docks until 2300 last night. When it did, Richard was not aboard. But who brought the boat in? His daughter, Elsa. She operated the boat with him. She claims she didn't know how her father got out of the boat, where he got out, or where he is right now. And she defies us to bring some kind of charge against her. Very interesting, Commander. But so far, there's one big hole right in the middle of the picture. Yes, I know. Motive. Is there any? Not that we can find. Richard has operated that supply boat over 20 years. He's been an honest, awe-abiding citizen with an excellent reputation. Having found one person has got a bad word to say against him. If he did set off that explosion, the big question is why? Yeah. And I've got a hunch I'm going to earn my money getting the answer. The Richard supply boat was a powerfully built all-weather water bug. About 65 feet in length. Tied up at a private dock not too far from the Coast Guard station. The deck was crowded with miscellaneous crates and cartons that seemed to contain everything from clean laundry, oranges, and sacks of cement to bouquets of fresh flowers. I couldn't see anyone around, so I hopped aboard and headed toward the small cabin up forward. Before I reached it, however, the cabin door opened. What is it? Are you, Miss Richard? That's right. Who are you? My name is Johnny Dollar. I have nothing to say to you, Mr. Dollar. Well, how do you know? I haven't told you what I'm here for yet. It's about my father and the Hampton Queen, isn't it? It's got something to do with that, yes. And I have nothing to say. The truth never hurt an innocent man. You're not interested in the truth. You've got a job to do.  Now, I've got work to do, Mr. Dollar.  Well, that sounds like as good of an idea as any. You carry quite a mixed cargo, don't you, Miss Richard? Sailors on all boats don't have much chance to get ashore. They need a lot of things. Yeah, I suppose. But I was wondering about that crate over there on the starboard side. What about it? What would a sailor on an all-boat want with blasting powder? Expensive on item 2, 75 cents. Cab fare to the Shoreview Hotel. I found Captain Targerson on the Hotel Veranda looking out over the endless parade boats plowing their way up and down the lake. I don't know what you're coming around to asking me questions for, Mr. Dollar. I don't know where Carl Richard is. Well, the explosion took place on your boat, Captain. Richard was aboard some ten minutes before the blast went off. So? Well, I thought you might be able to give me some idea why you did it. Who said he did? You don't think so? I know he did. Why not? That's Robert McNally downbound. Signaling for the locks. Eighteen minutes late this trip. He gets a shabby and a dangerous lock instead of a MacArthur. Well, McNally's going to be hopping. Yeah, why is that? The MacArthur empties in ten minutes. Fasted a getaway. We were talking about Carl Richard. Well, in 25 years now. No, the man didn't decide enough. He didn't do it. And why did he come aboard the Hudson Queen? Didn't say. Any idea of why he went below deck? No. Well, it seems to me you'd be curious. I figure a man's business is his own business here with someone else. That's all you've got to say? Well, we might think about a couple of things. Oh, I'd be glad to. The blast went off in an empty storage compartment. Buggled a few plates, broke some oil lines. Cone ties up in the dry dock for maybe a week, ten days. Uh-huh. Somebody wanted to do some real damage. The engine room's only a stepped way. Could have knocked out a whole bank of diesel with the same plowder. You want to think about it, Dolly? Yeah. What was the other thing? Carl Richard came to the zoo 25 years ago. Married, started a supply boat business, raised a family. In all that time, he never said a bad word against anybody. Never cheated a man out of a penny. Lived a sober, industrious life. What could a man like that set off to give powder aboard a noble boat? I'll trade one of my questions for yours, Captain. Well, what is it? Why did he disappear? I spent the rest of the afternoon talking to neighbors, dockhands, sailors, and canal workers. Everyone agreed with Captain Targuson's opinion of Carl Richard. And outside of that, I came up with nothing. By the time I got back to Coast Guard headquarters, it was getting dark. Commander Winters was still on duty. Mr. Dollar? Well, I'm beginning to feel less like an investigator and more like a persecutor with every stop I make, Commander. Yes, I know. Couldn't ask for a final reputation that Richard has had in the zoo for the past 25 years. But then our job's not to judge him just to apprehend him. Yeah. Anything new at this end? Not a thing. Still no trace of him. What's else that Richard's been doing? She took the supply boat out this afternoon, made a number of routine contacts with all boats, a few hours ago. Nothing suspicious or untoward about any of them. Oh, that's a big help. Uh-huh. Now come in. Commander, from our station, the three harbors, Mark Regen, sir. Thanks, Jenkins. Well, I'll leave you to your duties, Commander. No, just a minute, Mr. Dollar. I'll have the sea plane stand by to take off, Jensen. Aye, aye, sir. You got a flight of three harbors with me, Dollar? What's up, Commander? One of the Hampton boat guards caught a man trying to sneak aboard. They did.  Our first stop was the Richard's supply boat, where we picked up Elsa. When we got to the Coast Guard landing docks, the four-place sea plane was ready, and we took off for three harbors, Minnesota. Elsa didn't speak during the flight and showed no emotional reaction when we put down at the Hampton Line docks and made our way to the guard office. That's right. I'm Bill Fraser, Commander, the guard who shot that suspect earlier this evening. I'm glad to know you, Mr. Fraser. This is Mr. Fraser. How are you, Mr. Fraser? It's Dollar. Sorry we had to meet out of these circumstances, Mr. Fraser. Very good, Mr. Fraser. We have a day room back here. Come here, Mr. Fraser. You mind if I go in alone, please? No, it's not a problem. Thank you. Real rough. I wasn't expecting to run into the Richard's daughter. You made a positive identification. Yeah, I got a wallet and a desk over here. As usual, identification cards in it drive his license the rest of it. What were the circumstances, Mr. Fraser? Oh, I was standing the night watch when I saw this dinghy trying to sneak in under the stern. I hailed it and got a shot and returned for my troubles. Fired back, got a lucky hit. Any explosive in the dinghy? Yeah, blasting powder. When I saw that, I thought of Carl Richards. When I got him ashore, we found proof. Uh-huh. Well, that seems to tie this one up, Mr. Dollar. You may never know why Richard's was doing it, but there's no doubt now that he was. It looks like it, Commander. Does that mean you have some reservations? No, not particularly. I'm just wondering why he was up here in three harbors. Well, outside of the sewer, it's the closest point to the Canadian border. Might have been intending to head there after he got through. Oh, excuse me. Hand to the line. Oh, yes, just a moment, please. It's for you, sir, man. Thanks. Okay, so the cut-off will be there as quickly as possible. You're not truing against, dollar? More trouble? Yes. One of the Hampton boats, another explosion below decks. I think two hours to make it to Parisian Island and the Hampton boats with James K. He was limping along at about three knots, and we had no trouble putting down the long side and getting aboard. The James K. Skipper captain Hardsell took us below decks for a look at the damage. Here's where the glass went off. Most of the damage can find between these boat gates. Some water coming in with pumps have a lot of control. We'll make this zoo without any trouble. Engine room's right over there, isn't it? That's right. This is just an auxiliary compartment. Well, there's no question about the set of being identical to the Hampton Queen. Yeah. What are these packs up here, Captain? Auxiliary fuel and water from inside. Well, you think the explosive was inside that pack? Well, I'd say it's a good possibility. Well, Sam Tyler ever comes around, he'll be able to tell us Who's he? Abel Seaman. He was in here when the blast took place. Your cutter took him to the hospital at the zoo. Was he badly hurt? Pretty bad. Anything else you want to know? I've got to take over the bridge to get into the locks pretty soon. How about a dollar? I can't think of a thing. Back to Sault Ste. Marie. The hospital told us the Seaman, Sam Tyler, was still unconscious and in critical condition. I figured I'd done enough to earn my keep for one day, so I went back to the hotel and turned in. Expensive account item three, one dollar. Country style breakfast at the zoo hotel cafe. After my third cup of coffee, I put a call through the Commander Winters at Coast Guard headquarters. Well, we just got a report that they finished the Richard's inquest in three hours. Didn't take him long, did it? No, verdict was just a parable homicide. We'll just vote this afternoon. We may have to disappoint her. Why's that, darling? I don't like that rush inquest, Commander. Suppose we see what an autopsy surgeon has to say. I spent the rest of the morning going over the Richard's supply boat. I didn't know what I'd hoped to find, so when I finished, I wasn't disappointed. There was nothing aboard that clarified a thing for me. Back at the hotel, I found a message to call from Captain Hartford. I put the call through. How are you falling asleep on the job? You wouldn't have thought so at two this morning. It's 10 this morning, I'm worried about. We've got a report that another of the Hampton boats is damaged. You've got it straight, Jack. Well, holy smoke, Johnny. We sent you up there to do a job. Oh, is that so? I thought it was just a formality while the Coast Guard did all the work. Never mind that. Let's get some action. No, I had the Hampton lines tie up all their ships at the dock. Can't take a chance on any more of these things happening. Well, cancel your order, Jack. What do you mean cancel it? What difference does it make if those ships are tied up or sailing the lake? I don't know yet, but it may. And I hope I'm going to find out within 24 hours. Now what do you cancel it? Okay, John. 24 hours. One minute more. Another call to the Sioux hospital brought the same information as before. Sam Tyler was still unconscious. His condition unchanged. A call to command their winters got me equally as far. They had no report on the autopsy and nothing else had turned up. I went down to the dry dock where they had the James K. in for repairs and contacted Captain Hartzell. Oh, Richard's hadn't been aboard the James K. for close to three weeks. He made the downbound run the airy. Time he came back, loaded up and headed toward the Sioux again. It must have been at least three weeks. You didn't see Elsa Richards either? No, the supply boat usually contact us at lookout point on the downbound run. We hadn't reached there when that thing blew up below decks. Uh-huh. You have to turn in a checklist of all men aboard to the Union, don't you, Captain? Yeah, that's right. Do you mind if I have a copy of it? Oh, glad to. I thought you were going to get out of it, though. I'm not sure I'd be a reader. Captain Torgerson. He wasn't around, but his first mates supplied me with one. Took about 10 minutes to compare them, find what I was looking for, and take the information over to Commander Winters. Is that why you brought me the check-off sheets, Donna, to look for any similarity in the personnel? That's right, Commander. Well, as far as I can see there isn't any. Unless you're talking about their business they don't sell supers, but they have different names. Yeah, but on both boats, the man who signed on is listed as Substitute or Replacement. Do you think that's more than mere coincidence? Well, if it's coincidence, it's one too many for me. What do you mean? The man who originally signed on and then was replaced on both boats was Bill Fraser. Yes, sir? Get me our station at Three Harbors. Took about a half hour for Three Harbors and requested information. It's supplied us with more information than we've gathered in all the hours since I first hit the Sue. You were right about the autopsy, Donna. Carl Richards died from drowning, not from gunshot wounds. They were fired after death. What about Elsa? She chartered a private plane right after her autopsy request came in and took off of the Sue. And Bill Fraser? His replacement on the Hampton Queen was involuntary. He asked for a relief of duty to serve as guard and we were a little late. Yeah, why's that? Seems his testimony for the inquest was taken through deposition. He sailed aboard the Agnes Hampton at 2100 last night. We started to move fast, heading for the Richard Supply Boat and Elsa Richard. We learned she'd shelved off and headed out into Lake Superior two hours before. 20 minutes later, we were in the Coast Guard plane heading out after her. Looks like it'll be a close one, Donna. You better make it, Commander. You figure it'll happen if you don't. She'll make contact. Fraser will get aboard and they'll be off for Canada. Where'd you get the hunch, Donna? The booby traps tipped me off, Commander. The way those auxiliary oil pipes exploded from the inside. There had to be some reason for it. Now, that's supposed to make sense. Fraser was bringing in contraband from Canada, concealed in those oil lines that the booby trap gimmick was perfect. If anybody got suspicious and tried to investigate, the evidence was destroyed. Yeah. And the supply boat made the perfect tie-up. One contact each downbound trip is all they needed. You think Carl wasn't on it? I doubt it. I think he was trying to cover up for his daughter. Probably set her to lay the fuse aboard the queen to destroy the evidence. And then she and Fraser and my speed. They boarded the Agnes Hampton without citing Elsa or the supply boat. They told us Fraser was still aboard. And two minutes later, we were in the companion way, leading to the storage compartment beside the engine room. I'm coming in here after me. It's no good, Fraser. You better come out.  Better make it easy on yourself. The bluff won't work, Fraser. Those charges aren't big enough. Not this, my darling. I got a real charge in here now. I figured something like this might happen. And I'm taking no chance. You think he's bluffing? I don't know. Come on in here. It's quite a bit smart to go on above deck. What do we do, Fraser? You can't get off the boat without stuff. No, darling. Yeah? That's what I've got right here.  Anybody tries to stop me? I'll just pull a string. Looks like he's got a stymie. Oh, maybe not. This boat's like the James K. And the Queen. He can't reach the auxiliary pison where he's standing. In order to get to him, he has to expose himself. It'll only be for a fraction of a second. Well, maybe that'll be long enough. I can keep talking. I'm gonna edge my way up and try to take him. You can't shoot, darling. A ricochet could send it off. Yeah, I thought of that. What are you guys chiming about? You got enough to talk over? There's only one place for you to go, and that's the prospect. We still think you might be bluffing, Fraser. Go ahead and prove it.  See what's gonna happen. Now, look. Elsa Richards hasn't even gone here with the supply boat yet. She may never get here. Ever think she might be playing it safe heading for Canada by herself? That's a lousy bluff, Commander. With the stuff we got here, she's not gonna take any run-off powder on me. She knows she won't. All right, thanks for holding it. It was you, darling! You all right, Donna? Yeah, yeah. Fine, Commander. That deserves a nicely done commendation, if I ever heard one. You got to him just in time. That's the trouble. I didn't. What? He got to the plate before I reached him. Pretty lucky it turned out to be a dud. Expense account item 4, $39.40, hotel, delin, miscellaneous. Expense account item 5, $61.10, airfare back to Hartford. Expense account total, $158.55. Remarks. As it turned out, Elsa Richards had run out on Frazier. The Canadian authorities picked her up six hours after she landed. She's already waved extradition and is heading toward the stew in custody. Here's to her, Johnny Daller. The name the highest office in our land, the presidency of the United States. Can you guess the name of this man? During the Black Hawk War in 1832, he volunteered for service and was made captain of his company. As a member of Congress in 1847, he was opposed to the Mexican War. He also opposed the Kansas-Nebraska bill, which favored the extension of slavery. During this time, he was offered the governorship of the Oregon Territory, but refused it. Over six feet tall and not particularly good-looking, he was known for his droll sense of humor. If you don't have his name by now, here's an important clue. His unexpected acceptance of an invitation to attend the dedication of a soldier cemetery was responsible for one of the greatest speeches in our history. Who was he? Abraham Lincoln, 16th President of the United States. His life is part of your American heritage. Johnny Daller stars John Lund in the title role and was written by Sidney Marshall with music by Eddie Dunstetter. Featured in tonight's cast were Jim Nussar as Jack Lawring, High Aberback as Commander Winters, Lee Patrick as Elsa Richards, Ed Begley as Captain Torgerson, Clayton Post as Captain Hartzell, and Hal March as Bill Fraser. Yours truly, Johnny Daller, is produced and directed by Jaime Delvalle. Nation of the United States Armed Forces Radio and Television Service.


In this presentation, we will talk about inventory shrinkage, the idea of the inventory going down for some reason other than the sale of inventory, so the inventory is decreasing for some reason, whether that be through spoilage or loss or theft, and the way that we're going to figure that out is to do a physical count. We will count the inventory and double check that inventory to our records, make adjustments as needed. It's important to note that this physical count process will be necessary whether we do a periodic system of inventory or a perpetual system. We'll demonstrate it with the perpetual system because that's going to be a system where we may get the idea that because we're recording the inventory as we go, that we don't need to go back and do that physical count because we're doing it as we go unlike a periodic system where the count is required in order for us to record the reduction in the inventory and related cost of goods sold. In order to consider this, we're going to say that we have a physical count and we're going to say at the end of the time period, the physical count is $23,000. We're talking $23,000 worth of inventory and that's a bit of a step in that we obviously would be counting units of inventory and then converting them to dollars in some way. Once we're going to get into that conversion at this point, we're just going to get the idea or the concepts that we want to adjust our books to the physical count. Once we see the physical count, we'll say, okay, if we look at our inventory on the books, it's $27,000 and which one are we going to believe even if we're using a perpetual system where we record the inventory reduction and related cost of goods sold as we go? We're going to believe the physical count, meaning we're going to make our adjustments, agree to the physical count and therefore we would have to write this down. We can see, of course, that we would have to make the difference here. We would have to credit this account in order to get it down to the $23,000. The other side of it, however, is something that we need to think through as well and often when we see something like this, we want to see and work it through by seeing the cost of goods sold calculation and that'll show us the other side of this transaction and all the components to it. It'll give us an idea if we see this in practice or in multiple choice questions, they could ask a lot of different components within the cost of goods sold formula. The cost of goods sold formula is going to be starting with beginning inventory. We get that from the general ledger. We can see where did the inventory start at the beginning of the time period. We're going to say $10,000 in this case. Purchases is what we bought in the inventory. Notice there's no guesswork with purchases. I don't have to guess how many units we bought. We bought what we bought. We don't have to guess about the purchase price. It is what it is. That's how much we're going to pay or half paid so far. And then we're going to say that if we add those two up, the $10,000 plus the $22,000, we have $32,000. We're going to call that goods available for sale. And that means that during the month or year, whatever time period we're talking about, we could have sold up to $32,000 worth of inventory. We can do the same calculation, by the way, in terms of units, but we're looking at dollars in this case. So we're saying $32,000 worth of inventory that we could have sold. Doesn't mean we have $32,000 worth of inventory at any given time throughout the month. It means that throughout the month, that's how much inventory we could have sold and has gone through our hands. We could have been selling it and buying it throughout the entire month. But we had $32,000 optimal or total that could have been sold. If we compare that then to the Indian inventory, which we're going to say to our physical count, this is going to be our physical count inventory, then we're going to say, well, this is what we could have sold during the time period. This is what we still have left. Typically, that would be then the cost of goods sold. Now note here, if we were doing a perpetual system, we would just say that's the cost of goods sold, and it would include, I mean, if we were doing a periodic system, we would have to do this calculation in order to get this cost of goods sold. And therefore, we would just assume that it was all sales that resulted in this cost of goods sold. However, when we're doing a perpetual system, we see here that we already are calculating this information, and we're recording the cost of goods sold, and it doesn't match what we came up to with our calculation here. We're different between that we have 9,000 here, of course, and 5,000 here, and that difference is most likely due to some type of inventory shrinkage, some type of theft, some type of loss, something like that that is going on here. So we're going to basically compare that cost of goods sold to what we have on the books for cost of goods sold. That adjustment then, that difference, that 9,000 minus what we have, the 5,000, the 4,000 then, is what we need to make an adjustment for. So this will show us the whole adjustment. We're going to, at the end of the day, we need to be at 23,000 in our ending inventory because that's our physical count, and we need the cost of goods sold to be at the 9,000 because that's what we calculated to be using our cost of goods sold calculation, and the adjustment that we're going to do in order to do that is this 4,000 adjustment. So if we were to record this then, we would say we need that adjustment. We're going to say that the cost of goods sold needs to go up to 9,000, so we will do the same thing to it as its balance, a debit to make it go up. So we're going to debit cost of goods sold, the other side of it then going to merchandise inventory. It having a debit balance, we need to make it go down because we had a physical count less than the amount reported, and therefore we're going to do the opposite thing to it and credit it. If we were to post that out, then we're going to say cost of goods sold is going to go from 5,000 up in the debit direction 4,000 to a total of 9,000. The merchandise inventory is going to start at a debit of 7,000. It's going to go down with a credit of 4,000, bringing us to the 23,000, that of course now matches out our 23,000 ending inventory, matches the physical count, and the 9,000 matches out to what our cost of goods calculation says it should. Now it might be a little confusing to some people, or it might question why would we be putting something that's going to be inventory shrinkage loss or theft or something like that into cost of goods sold given the definition that it says cost of goods sold, meaning it should be things that we sold that are accumulating here. Note that some of the rationale, one would be that the amount of shrinkage or loss or what not would be relatively small and therefore immaterial in relation to the rest of the numbers that we're dealing with and therefore not material to decision making. And so the easiest thing for us to do is to record it to the same account related to the inventory. So this is the inventory account, an asset account, the related expense account is cost of goods sold and therefore it would make sense to if we're just going to put it to an account, put it to the cost of goods sold. If it was significant, if it was significant to decision making, then we may want to put it in another account and say, hey, this is some significant loss that happened at this point in time, theft or shrinkage or some type of loss that we would might want to break out. But most of the time, we're just going to say, hey, it's immaterial, it's related to inventory, we're going to write it off in some way with the account we normally use to write off the use of the inventory in order to help us generate revenue. That then cost a good soul. Effect on the accounting equation, assets going down because inventory went down, liabilities staying the same. They haven't had any effect. And the equity is going down because the expense of cost of goods sold is going up, bringing the net income calculation down, also then bringing equity down. So the full, all the numbers would then look like this. So if we bring everything out, we're going to start it in balance. We entered something in balance, we end in balance. Here was our net income before this transaction. We are decreasing the net income by the 4,000 for the loss for the shrinkage that we recorded in the expense account of cost of goods sold, bringing the net income down to 98,000.