To kick off the series, we have Guillaume Mutier and Landon LeSmith from Red Hat here to talk about Jupyter Hub as well as other tools running on Open Data Hub with OpenShift Container Storage. If you have any questions, again, put them in the chat and Landon, please take it away. So my name is Landon LeSmith. I am working on the team that is working to provide Open Data Hub. So I'm just going to give a quick introduction about Open Data Hub before I turn it over to Guillaume. So the Open Data Hub. Open Data Hub is a project to demonstrate how easy it is to run your AI and ML workflows on OpenShift. So it is a reference architecture, a project, a community. We host all of our information on opendatahub.io where you can find blogs, tutorials guides, for the different components that we provide as part of the Open Data Hub. So the main entry point into Open Data Hub is the Open Data Hub meta operator. So we call it a meta operator because it is an operator that deploys other operators or components, which can include different products that are available in the Open Data Hub. So Jupyter Hub will be one of the main ones featured during this talk. It's also a project that we're running internally at Red Hat for our internal data science and AI platform. So this is to make it easier to control the entire lifecycle from data ingestion to data transformation, to modeling, to kind of make it easy for data engineers and data scientists from their workflows on OpenShift. So it's an entire Indian process. So we have support for object storage through CEPH object storage. We've hosted many workshops and workflows that are storage of choice just to make it hybrid data. So Spark and Jupyter Hub with TensorFlow support are main projects that are being used by the data scientists. And we're also bringing it in line with KootFlow. So we want to make sure that it's compatible with upstream products that the community is using. So this is just an overview of kind of the main features of Open Data Hub and a breakdown of kind of the different components that satisfy needs for target audience. So you'll see for storage, we support all different types of storage versions for CEPH object storage, Postgres, MySQL, database access. You can interact with those using our data catalog components. They're super set. And for the data scientists, we have for a lot of the major libraries that are being used in their workflow. So one of the issues that Open Data Hub looks to resolve are teams of data scientists, developers, engineers working together. So a common platform that takes care of all the deployment headaches, upgrades, with running these different products. We want to make sure it's easy and intuitive to use while eliminating a lot of the maintenance needs. So here are a list of like the major components that are available in Open Data Hub. The current version is 051. This is available in the OpenShift operator hub. So you can deploy it now and test it out. We have Prometheus and Grafana for monitoring. Selden for serving your models, Apache Spark for data engineering, and Data Analytics. Jupiter Hub is one of our core components to support multi-user Jupyter notebooks. Ceph for object storage, Kafka for streaming events, and Argo for our pipelines. Additionally, with the most recent version, we've added support superset for data exploration. And our data catalog, which combines multiple components so that you can query, visualize, and analyze your data. And here are a few of the upstream communities that we're working. Open Data Hub, and specifically Jupiter Hub, has support for GPU workloads. So on opendatahub.io, we have docs for enabling your GPU nodes in your OpenShift cluster. We're actively working to bring Open Data Hub in line with Kubeflow. So you can stay tuned for more information about that. And in upstream components, what we're calling upstream are things that are outside of Red Hat that we want to work with. So we don't customize them or attempt to not customize them. We're working with the pure upstream components. And again, this is on Operator Hub. So in your OpenShift cluster, you could find us and deploy the operator to test it out. Coming use cases. So Jupiter as a service is our main entry point into the Open Data Hub. Jupiter notebooks are what a lot of the teams of data scientists, data engineers are using to interact with their data. They had it coming in from multiple sources from Kafka events to SAP object notifications. And they want to be able to do some model training on that using GPUs. So internally, we're running this. We have 40 plus concurrent Jupiter instances across multiple GPU nodes. And on any given time, we have 13,000 peak events per second in Kafka and daily kind of 350 plus gigabytes of data that are being transmitted. This is all using SAP Object Storage. So it's self-service with our team of data scientists and data engineers. We can just point them to a link to access a Jupiter notebook. It's completely customizable. So if we have a team that wants to use TensorFlow notebooks, SciPy notebooks, or all of the same notebooks with GPU enablement or GPU access, they can. So they can go through the whole development lifecycle model test and iterations with full access to resources that are available in that cluster on Open. And there's limited support for multitasking. So the Open Data Hub runs within a namespace. So if you have different needs, different restrictions, or capabilities for different teams, you can run these in independent namespaces within your cluster. And pulling of sharing a resource, the OpenShift model to you can request resources that are available in the cluster specific to your needs. Jupiter Hub and Open Data Hub have full support for that. And it's multi-tenant. So that's kind of a quick intro to Open Data Hub. If you want more information, please go to opendatahub.io. We have a lot of getting started guides, tutorials on GPU enablement, deploying kind of self-object storage in your cluster, and using the different components of Open Data Hub. Our Open Data Hub group is currently available on GitLab. So you can follow that, get more information about development of the operator. We have a Kubeflow, ODH Kubeflow GitHub project that we're currently transitioning to. You can find more information about that initiative. And join our mailing list if you want to get updates whenever we release new versions of the operator or even the project in general. Feel free to sign up for that. And we give a lot of talks, workshops, conferences at conferences. So you can find most of our videos for different conferences on the AI ML playlist on the OpenShift Commons YouTube channel. So with that, I will turn it over to Guillaume. Thank you London. Hi everyone. Okay, so as London explained, Open Data Hub is a fantastic tool for your data science platforms. But of course, if you want to play with data science, you have to get data. So that means you have to store it somewhere. And that's where OpenShift Container Storage can come into play and help you for this. OpenShift Container Storage was released a few weeks ago. And basically what it does, it brings you all the different types of storage you may need directly inside the OpenShift. So what it is, in fact, is Rook that is controlling and deploying SAF underneath, running directly on your OpenShift cluster. Plus Nubas, the multi-cloud gateway that brings you object storage with other fancy features, which I engage you to look at. So what we have to retain here for this demo is that with OCS deployed, you can directly have blocks, files and object storage directly from within OpenShift and using the same tools as you usually do with an OpenShift that is making claims, or using standard ML files to provision all your different types of data that you need. So what we'll do here is leverage OCS to provide different types of storage directly inside OpenData and especially inside the Jupyter app. Of course, you can do it manually, that is providing object storage for one of each user. But what I wanted to do in this demo is to push it a little bit further to demonstrate how everything can be fully automated in such a platform. So before someone asks, all the code here is available here at this repo. So that means that you will be able to reproduce it and our text bits and pieces are what I did to suit your case. What I want to do here is to have my Jupyter environment using two types of storage. For my standard files that we see here, so there are some notebooks and some other files, I would want to use, let's call it standard storage. So I will make a persistent volume claim that will use a storage class provided directly by OCS. So here it would be block storage, that will be a top vertical provision for a new user. But at the same time, I want also to provide the object storage to my user. So I will make an object bucket claim which will automatically create a bucket through OCS. And what I will do as a fancy thing is display it directly inside my Jupyter environment and everything will be fully automated. So that means the user won't have to manipulate any access keys, secret keys. This is what we're going to do. So for that, only two prerequisites to have OCS installed, of course. And the history endpoint that you will use, you have to take note of it. And a project where OpenData is deployed, which is quite easy to do, I almost do it twice a week right now, because of the operator that is so great. It's a very easy way to deploy your data science platform. Once you have both of this, what we will do is use a custom Jupyter op config. This is some configuration that will be appended at the end of the Jupyter deployment. And this code, what it will do is each time a user logs in and launch his notebooks, it will create a new object bucket claim if there is a non-present. It will retrieve the configuration, the access and secret keys for the specific user and inject everything as environment variables in the user's code. Then we will deploy OpenData Hub itself with some specific configuration. Here we will use this custom config map that we created before and that will do all the things I expand. We will enter the history endpoint URL. So if you have deployed standard OCS, it's as simple as s3.openshift.storage, which is the namespace in which OCS is deployed. And we will indicate the storage class to use when creating standard PVs for users. Of course, here is the command line for the code that is available in the repo. Also, we will have to create some roles and role bindings because our special code will create new config maps and will have to get access to some secrets where the access keys and secret keys will be stored for the users. So it's only about here defining a new role which will allow the Jupyter app to get secrets and to create object bucket claims. And then we bind the role to the service account on which a Jupyter app is running. So only a few commands to run. We will also use custom notebooks. Well, here this is not mandatory. Here, custom notebooks is if you want to display directly the object bucket storage inside your notebook. So we use here the hybrid content manager and the s3 content manager, which is a very interesting open source project. And that is what allows us to show at the same time standard PVs and object storage from within the same notebook environment. And if everything works well, what we should see is when we spawn a new notebook, we will have our standard PV connected and providing this kind of file system. But also we will connect here to the standard, to the object bucket that we created. So let's see it in action. So here I have in my project on DH an open shift. That's open data hub and we can see that there is the operator already deployed and a Jupyter app instance. So it's ready for us, ready for us to use. If I go to Jupyter app, so it's the root that was created when the Jupyter app was deployed, I can sign in the open shift and here I created a bunch of pick users. So how we start with a new one, Nicole, who has never connected to open data hub. So I have to do hello there. And here you can see that we have the different notebooks, images that we can choose. And we will choose the custom ones that we have provisioned before, which I call the S2 minimal S3 because we add some connection, automatic connection to S3. Here I don't have to enter anything because it will be automatically provisioned and injected inside the environment. And then I will spawn my notebook. It will take a few seconds. If we go back here, we can see that there is a new container creating. That's the notebook environment for the user. But the container is creating here. We'll have to wait a few seconds. Okay, so now it's running. And there we have it. That's the environment that was just created for Nicole. And we can see that there is nothing, no files yet because it's a brand new PVC. But there is already a connection to an object bucket here, which is called Data Lake with the name of the bucket. It's not very fancy. I should definitely change the code to have a better display. But this is the object storage. And of course you can go to it. So if we take a look at what happened behind the scene, we can see in the storage that there has been a new PVC created for Nicole, okay, which is there with the default of two gigabytes. That is provision. So that's the standard claim that was made to storage to provision Nicole with a new storage space. Okay, what also happened is that an object bucket was created. And we can see it here in the config map. So we have all the H bucket, Nicole, that was the claim that was made with the config map. And we can see that there is a bucket that was created. And also a secret. A secret is all the informations that are required to connect to this specific bucket. And that's exactly the environment variables that have been injected inside the notebook. Okay, so here we can have them. So we have the access key, the secret key. So that's what allows the notebook to directly connect to the object storage and retrieve the information. If we take a look at Nuba here, we have a list of the different buckets that have been created. And here we can see at the end for 015. That's the bucket on which we are connected. Okay, so here there is nothing provision. So what I will do is just change users. I will just put my server here, which will just have done the environment. So here we can see that the pod is being terminated. And I will log out and log in again with another user, where it's Frank. Frank has already connected before. So his storage has already been provisioned, both the PVCs and the object bucket claim. And just wait a few seconds. So here it's launching. The container is created. Okay. And then we will have access to his workspace. So here we can see that Frank has already been working on some notebooks, doing some Keras training model and things like that. And of course, we have reconnected him directly to his PV. But we have also reconnected him to this data lake environment. Okay, so here is the file with the bucket that has been created especially for him. What I did also is a little trick because I wanted to create some object storage space that could be shared between each and every user. Okay. So what I did in Nuba is create a bucket which I called shared data. And of course you can do everything like this programatically. So here I have allowed access to this bucket to this account, which is the one from Frank. And while I'm there, I will also connect Nicole to it. Okay. And that's what allowed me to directly show this bucket because the special code that we injected inside Jupyter Robotic does is list all the buckets to which every user has access and links them and show all those buckets directly inside the environment. So here that means that Frank can go to the shared data folder and see that there are already some files that he can use. Those are here images to train his model for no mega detection. There is a credit card CSV file. So that's a very great way to have some central point where all the users can share data sets that allows you not to have people copying over and over the same data sets for for training and everything. There are some standard tools and files that you want to be able to share between people. And that's the great way to do it. So here I'm going to again log out of these environments and go back to Nicole because as you remember, I now have allowed her to have access to to the shared object store. So if I launch her environment again, wait a few seconds, okay, running so she can very soon. Okay, so we see that now she has her own pvs with file, no file yet in there, her own objects to write, but she also has now access to the shared to the shared data object store. Okay, and that's again a pretty neat way to to to set up your data science platform so that everyone can can collaborate. Okay, so in this quick demo that of course you can reproduce as the as I said the code is available and then I will show you again all the resources here. I just showed you that it's quite easy to set up a full data science platform with a fully automated storage provisioning for your users, both with standard block storage and object storage. We could do the same with leveraging CIFFS with shared third file systems and everything can be totally automated using standard Kubernetes and NOC commands. So that was it for me. Back to you Karina and I think we have some time left for questions. Thank you Guillaume and Landon. I am Karina Angel and again this is the first in the series of all things data for OpenShift Commons briefings and to look at the briefing calendar go to commons.openshift.org and we'll add more there. Diane runs so many great briefings so make sure to look at the YouTube and watch previous briefings. If anybody has any other questions please put them in the chat now. Thomas, are there decks available? Yes, we'll follow up with you afterwards so thank you for your question. Great, thank you everybody and we will see you hopefully next week.


Thousands of years ago, when the first seed was planted in the ground, the foundation for biotechnology was laid. Just think. The first grapevines and wheat fields paved the way to our understanding of yeast and how its fermentation could create a tasty bread, a tart vinegar, or a satisfying wine. It wasn't long before biotechnology found its way into the practice of animal breeding. Without any real understanding of genetics, Early Man figured out that by mating farm animals with desired characteristics and traits, he could obtain a breed that was highly suited to the work he needed performed. Yes, Early Farmers and Breeders knew they were tapping into a world of possibilities, and they were. They were tapping into the limitless world of biotechnology. The true watershed moment in history for biotechnology was in the 16th century, when a crude microscope was used to observe and ultimately coin the term cells of plant tissues. That quickly led to, first, a better quality microscope, and then, the identification and isolation of a large variety of microorganisms. This vast new world of discovery now opened a door to endless possibilities for medical applications. And with the first inoculation by needle against smallpox, biotechnology really took off. Enter onto the stage in the 1800s, Louis Pasteur, with his development of the process of pasteurization, and Gregor Mendel, who pioneered the chromosomal theory of inheritance. Joseph Lister brought antiseptics into the surgery procedure, and the world began to realize that everything could change with these revelations. It was time to give a name to this amazing field of research. In 1917, Hungarian scientist Karl Recky discovered he could raise hundreds of pigs through the large-scale production of sugar beets for food. He inadvertently called this art of using living things to make other things biotechnology. It certainly deserved a name and definition by that time in history. So where did it go from there? Where didn't it go might be a better question. As advances continued, the world saw many more examples of beneficial progress through experimentation with bacteria and yeast. For example, during World War II, when the demand for chemicals such as acetone and butane was high, scientists discovered that these could be produced on a large scale through fermentation by bacteria and yeast cells. The revelation of the transforming principle of DNA was a game-changing discovery, followed by the breakthrough in 1953 by Watson and Crick that the structure of DNA is that of a double helix. The ever-progressing field then became known as modern biotechnology. This new foundation that all organisms, plant, animal, or other have the same genetic material, DNA, but differ in the sequencing of that DNA led to the 1960s rush to understand the genetic code. It's 1972 and the world's first recombinant DNA molecule has entered the scene. Paul Berg isolated a restriction enzyme to cut the DNA and two separate strands are pasted together to form the first hybrid DNA molecule. This led to the first recombinant commercial product, human insulin, produced in bacterial cells. As a side note, Genentech, the company that introduced this product, went public on the stock market on October 14, 1980 and saw the value of that stock move from $35 to $89 in just one day. That remains the fastest increase in stock value in a set amount of time in the history of the market. Now in this even broader area of research and discovery, the term molecular biotechnology took hold along with this refined definition, the use of biological and biochemical systems to produce products and to better the human condition. In 1990, the Human Genome Project set up to map all of the genes in the human body, which led to the isolation of genes that caused disease. Yet another world of opportunity was opened. The turn of the century heralded a new and limitless frontier for molecular biotechnology, as the industry began growing by leaps and bounds with companies springing up daily and needing thousands of employees to grow with them. The field is an ever-growing one today, as molecular biotechnology continues to better understand diseases to find vaccines, therapies, diagnostic tests and cures. It offers wide applications in plant and animal agriculture, aquaculture, chemical and textile manufacturing, forestry and food processing. It will be utilized to further research in human genome sequencing, stem cell research, in vitro fertilization and environmental progress. Every aspect of our lives in the coming decades will be affected by this dynamic field, even space exploration and research. That's right, many laboratories are involved in researching plants and microorganisms grown in low pressure and microgravity conditions for their potential use in long-distance space missions and beyond. Biotechnology, it started with the humblest of beginnings, has grown by leaps and bounds over the past thousands of years, and yet it's still at its early stages of potential. If you're planning on a career in biotechnology, good news, the sky's the limit. Or is it?


Some patients require special therapy. Hypnosis is often effective in certain types of battle neuroses, such as amnesia. This man does not even remember his own name. A shale burst in Okinawa wiped out his memory. The experience was unendurable to his conscious mind, which rejected it, and along with it his entire past. Through hypnotic suggestion, the psychiatrist will attempt to evoke them. Relax completely and Put your mind on going to sleep. Keep your eyes on mine. Keep your eyes on mine, Keep them fixed on mine. Keep your mind entirely on falling asleep. You want to go into deep sleep as we go. We're going to go to deep sleep as we do it.  Clasp them tight. Tight, tight, tight, tight. They're getting tighter and tighter and tighter. And as they get tighter, you are falling asleep. As they get tighter, you are falling asleep.  Now your hands are much tight. They're locked tight. You can't let go. They're locked tight. When I snap my fingers, you'll be able to let go. When I snap my fingers, you'll be able to let go, then you'll get sleepier, and your eyes are getting heavier. Now, your eyes are getting heavier. Heavier, heavier. You're going into a deep, deep sleep. Going into a deep, deep sleep, deep asleep, far asleep. Close tight, close tight, going into a deep, deep sleep, deeply relaxed, far asleep. You're far asleep. You're far asleep. Now you're in a deep sleep. You have no fear, no anxiety, no fear, no anxiety. Now you're in a deep, deep sleep. Now just sit down in the chair behind you. Sit down in the chair behind you. Lean back. Head now falls forward into a deep, deep sleep. Head now is falling forward, going further and further and further asleep. I stroke your left arm to come rigid, like a bar of steel, and you'll go further asleep and further asleep. Falling further and further and further asleep. Rigid cannot be bent or relaxed. When I touch the top of your head, I touch the top of your head. That arm will relax and the other will become rigid. You'll go further asleep. You'll be in a very deep sleep.  Now when I touch this hand, my finger will be hot. When I touch this hand, my finger will be hot. You'll not be able to bear it. Your arm is rigid. And now, as I touch your hand, you will no longer feel any pain there. It will be normal. Now the arm is relaxed and you're further and further and further asleep. Now you're deep asleep. We're going back. We're going back now. Going back to Okinawa. Going back to Okinawa. You can talk. You can talk. You can remember everything. You can remember everything. You're back on Okinawa. Tell me what you see. Tell me. Speak. I'm in the battery area. You're in the battery area. Tell me what's going on. You're fired missions. You're getting fired missions. Go on. You see everything now. Clearly. You're getting shells thrown out of you. You're getting shells thrown out of you. From where? Japs. Japs.  You remember it all now. Every bit of it's coming back. Japs getting nearer is to get a position. Japs getting nearer to get your position. Go on. Tell us. Get covered. Who told you to get covered? B.C. B.C. Go on. There's fire in this. One of the boys got hurt. One of the boys got hurt. Yes. Go on. You remember it now. Tell me. It's all right now, but you can tell me. You can tell me. Yes. You remember the explosion now. All right. Go on. They're carrying you. Who's carrying you? Where are they taking you? Across the field? Stretch. Yes? Yes? Go on. Just a little. Just a little. Yes? Can you hear them? Yes. You see them? No. All right. Where are they taking you now? Why are you fearful now? You don't want any more. You want to forget it. But you're going to remember it because it's gone now. It's gone. You're back here now. You're away from Okinawa. You've forgotten it. But you remember who you are now. Who are you? Dolly. That's right. Full name now. Dominate Dolly. That's right. You know your mother's name? That's right. Father's? That's fine. You know who they all are now. All right. Now you're coming back with us. This is going to stay with you. You're going to remember it all. You're going to remember about Okinawa. You're going to remember about the shells and the bombs, but they're gone. But he isn't relaxed. There's no fear, no anxiety. When I wake you up, you'll be comfortable, relaxed, no pains and no aches.  You can wake now. Under the guidance of the psychiatrist, he is able to regard his experience in its true perspective as a thing of the past which no longer threatens his safety. Now he can remember. Yeah, it does seem to be a bit tough. How long have you had that trouble? Maybe we can help you talk a bit better and you can tell me more about it then, right? Let's lie down and see if we can help you on that. This man is not a chronic stutterer. He suffers from a battle tension which the drug will attempt to diminish. Like the man who could not walk and the man who could not remember. His illness has an emotional basis. We're just going to give you some medicine here and it's going to help limber up that. Tell me yours. Now this is going to make you feel a bit groggy. You want to tell me now, how do you feel now? Make any difference in your feeling? Well, it's just like seven heaven. What is it? Tell me about it. Well, it's fine, isn't it? I can talk! I can talk! Just take it easy now. Just a little lightly now. Tell me, you got any idea why you couldn't talk before? What's coming to your mind now? Tell me, what's coming to your mind now? What is it in your mind when you couldn't talk? What is it that stopped it?


Well, we could say that with all the philosophies on the planet, all the spiritualities and all the religions, there's so many, we were talking about that at the service today. And for me, as I studied many, many, many, I found out that there was a distinction, one of what we call nondualism, like Advaita Vedanta, Advaita, it means not to.  And Course in Miracles is a non-dualistic path and basically any kind of non-dualistic path teaches that basically love is all there is. It just teaches pure oneness with no opposites. So what I teach from the Course and from many wonderful non-dualistic traditions is that God is one, kind of like at the service today. So there are many paths, but God is one. And the one is what reality is. It's what heaven is. You can call it nirvana, bliss, any unified spirit, anything you want. And then dualistic teachings teach more of the yin and the yang. They teach that there are two, kind of like the yin and yang symbol in some of you have seen and so forth. And those are very, very different teachings in the sense that a lot of the non-dual teachings will call this world of linear time and space, maya, or illusion. And the definition of illusion is not real. And so God being perfect oneness creates perfect oneness. It creates and radiates, extends that oneness. And in this world we don't get apples from orange trees or pears from apple trees. Like fruit comes from like trees. And even in the Bible in Genesis it said that God created man in his likeness and image. And in the Course of Miracles it's clarified that likeness is of the same essence, like spirit. God created man as spirit. And in this image is more, the same image is more of the sense of like God. So we could say in the essence mankind is a spiritual creation. And these bodies and all the separation that we seem to experience is part of the maya or the illusion. And that which is eternal creates the eternal. So we often talk about Christ, not Jesus the man, but Christ the idea as an eternal idea that lives perfectly in the mind of God. But Christ is spiritual spirit. So as I've delved into this very deeply in my life I've realized that all the premio wisdoms, whether it was Eckhart Tolle and you could go through a lot of the traditions. They talk about the present moment. Living in the present. Being fully present. And some even say that the present moment is the gateway to eternity. In the Course of Miracles Jesus says that the present moment is the closest approximation to eternity that this world offers.  You're so fully present that you don't even think about the future or the past. You just are completely in that blissful moment. So what I've discovered is that all thoughts of the future and all thoughts of the past and we could say the construct of linear time was made as a cover or denial over eternity to convince the mind that it was bound by time and space. And we believe the human body, the person seems to be part of that time-space fabric. Just like the stars and black holes and quasars and everything else, there's coordinates. Where are you located? But eternity has no location to it. And I have found that really staying in peace really is a mind-train and meditation of staying so fully present that you are not distracted by any thought of the past or any thought of the future. Very much like Buddha talked about emptying the mind and the contents of consciousness. More recently, vipassana is a beautiful pathway to enlightenment. It involves going into the stillness. So yeah, it's pretty radical in the sense that the Bible, Genesis says, in the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. And I've been doing these teachings for the last 25 years all over the world in 31 countries. And I said, well, the heavens part is right, at least. God created the heavens, which is, I'm talking about the celestial skies and stars, but eternity. God is the creator of eternity. And the ego projected linear time. And that as soon as we can train our minds to come back to a holistic perception of the world, which I call simultaneous time, you've heard of parallel universes and parallel lives. It's all happening simultaneously. But when we string it together in the past, present, future, that's where our guilt comes in. We feel guilty over things that we did wrong. And we feel afraid that we may have to face some of those same scenarios and consequences again in the future. And that's where worry comes in. Worry and concern is always projected into the future. And guilt and shame are always associated with the past. So it's, for me, it's been a journey to consistent peace of mind. And to me, this is just fact, because my mind is consistently peaceful. I don't have a bad day. I don't have anything coming up anymore. I have no guilt or shame. I go all over the world and really just shine the light of this presence. And then people will come, like this gentleman in China, who was going through all this guilt around sexuality. And I would just join with him in a healing presence. And he joins with me in this gateway, or portal, you might say, of the present moment. And then his guilt and shame start to recede and go away. And he undergoes a healing. To me, that's the dynamics of it. It really is letting go of the future and the past. It's an experience for me. It's not really a theology. And as some people say, I like dualistic. I like Nando. But for me, it's all about the experience of the heart, you know, having actual experience of peace of mind.


Now, as gunshots echo across the windswept snow-covered reaches of the wild northwest, Quakerpuff wheat and Quakerpuff rice, the breakfast cereal shot from guns, present the challenge of the Yukon. It's Yukon King, swiftest and strongest lead dog of the northwest, blazing the trail for Sergeant Preston of the northwest mountain police in his relentless pursuit of lawbreakers. On King, on your hasties. Gold, gold discovered in the Yukon, a stampede to the Klondike in the wild race for riches. Back to the days of the gold rush, with Quakerpuff wheat and Quakerpuff rice bringing you the adventures of Sergeant Preston and his wonder dog Yukon King as they meet the challenge of the Yukon. Hear those jet planes? Now you see them? Now you don't. Yes, when you pour on a bowl full of swell-tasting Quakerpuff wheat or Quakerpuff rice for breakfast and milk or cream and your favorite fruit, now you see them, now you don't. So crisp, so tender, so tempting, they disappear in a flash. No, you just can't beat these giant king-sized kernels of premium wheat or rice shot from guns. They're the one and only Quakerpuff wheat and Quakerpuff rice that come in the big red and blue package with the smiling Quakerman on the front. Gary Evans was a trapper who had settled a short distance from Selkirk. He had brought his wife Lucy from Seattle during the first gold rush, hoping to make a strike. But his claim gave out and he turned to trapping as a means of making a living during that first winter. He soon found that furs were secondary only to gold in value and decided to continue what he had started. One afternoon, Gary sat at a table in the cafe talking to one of his friends. Yes, sir, you ought to take a tip from me and give up prospecting. I've done well at trapping and I made a good deal to sell my furs. Well, glad to hear it, Gary. Do you have enough furs to make it worth your while to stick at it? Look, believe it or not, I'll get enough from these furs to see us through all next winter. See, that is something. When do you get your money? The deal will be completed tomorrow. I didn't realize there was so much money to be made in trapping. Did you bring your furs with you to town? I'd like to get a look at them, Gary. Oh, I didn't bring them in yet, not till tomorrow. I am stored in the shed and back of our cabin. I'm telling you, Ed, Lucy will be tickled pink when she hears that I'm going to get for those furs. So how did you come to meet the fella who's going to buy them? Well, I just wrote to the Royal Northwest Monument Police headquarters in Dawson City, asking how to get cash for my furs. They turned my letter over to an agent for a fur company up there. He sent me word he'd be in town today, so I came down and met him. He looked over the furs I had this morning. Then we came back to town and after a lot of figuring, he made me the offer. Well, maybe we all better start trapping. Yeah, looks like he's doing better than us. I'm plenty satisfied anyway. Now I better go on out and tell Lucy about her good luck. I'll see you all later. So long, Gary. It was late afternoon when Gary Evans arrived at his cabin. He entered with a light step and with a big smile on his face. Lucy! Yes, Gary? Well, honey, I made a fine deal for our furs. Gary, I'm so glad. Time to deliver them in town tomorrow and collect. We can face the coming winter with plenty in the bank to see us through. I hope from now on our worries will be over, Gary. They will be. I'll let the others hunt for gold. I'll stick to trapping and end up with more in the long run. Say, you know, honey, we ought to go into self-cooked and I can celebrate a little. What do you say to that? I'd like it. We could go see that shoe in town. All right, that's what we'll do. Let's have a quick supper, then we'll get started for town. Gary and Lucy Evans arrived in town and leaving their horses' delivery stable, they walked past the cafe toward the crude theater a few doors away. A man lounging on the cafe veranda watched them as they entered the theater. Then he turned and went into the cafe. He walked to the back of the cafe and stopped at the table where a tough-looking friend of his sat playing solitaire. Hi, Joe. I thought I'd find you here.  Thanks. What's on your mind? I just had an idea, Joe. We both need money and I know how we can get it. Yeah? What's your idea you got? Remember that young trapper Gary Evans who came in here this afternoon talking about the deal he made for his furs? Mm-hmm. What about it? I just saw him and his wife going into the offer house down the street. They won't be out for a couple of hours. Go on. Well, those furs, they are still out at his place. He's supposed to bring him into Mar to close the deal he made. We'd have plenty of time to go out there and grab those furs. Then we could head for White Horse and sell them. We could use our two pack horses to tote the furs from his place to White Horse. Looks like you've come up with a good idea, Alex. Let's go get our horses. By the time they get home, we can be well along on a trail south. I know somebody in the White Horse will be glad to buy them. Come on, let's go. About half an hour after going into the theater, Gary and Lucy Evans came out and walked toward the livery stable. Gary, I'm sorry about getting a headache and spoiling your evening. I guess I'm just not used to crowds anymore. Oh, that's all right, honey. The show wasn't too good anyway. Knowing that at last we'll have several thousand dollars to see us through has been enough excitement for one evening. We'll celebrate some other time, dear. Yeah, just forget about it. We'll head for home. A good night's rest is what you need. And I can get an early start to town in the morning. A short time later, Gary and Lucy approached their cabin. The twilight of the Yukon summer night was bright enough for them to see clearly. It was Lucy who suddenly spoke. Gary, look. I see horses near the shed where our furs are stored. Holy mackerel, you're right. This will must be after those furs. Get up there! Gary, wait! You don't have a gun! Cutting across from the trail, Gary headed toward the rear of the cabin. His one thought was to protect his valuable store of furs. As he rode nearer the shed, he yelled out, Hey, get away from there! Get away from that shed! No! Hi. I'm all right. A bullet nicked my arm. The force stunned me from the room. I'll get you into the cabin and fix the wound. No, I have to see about the furs. Come on. Leaving their horses, Gary and Lucy approached the door of the shed. The lock had been forced and the door hung open. Gary, the furs, they're gone. That dirty crooks. I'll get my gun and follow them until I... Oh, my arm. No, Gary. Your arm has to be attended to right away. Now let's go into the cabin. After I fix your arm, you can rest while I ride to town for the constable and I'll get the doctor too. No, I'll be all right. No, that wound is worse than you think. Now come on. Taking Gary to the cabin, Lucy bound his wound.  Leaving Gary on his cot, Lucy mounted her horse and headed for Selkirk. Get up there!  Meantime, the two crooks, Alex and Joe, rode along the south trail leading the two fur-laden packhorses. Thought you said Evans went to the show in town. They did. I saw him go in. Something must have happened to make him suspicious. I didn't figure on having to put a bullet in him. We get caught now. It'll mean a murder charge may be used. You should have shot over his head. They're liable to be after us now. Maybe we better go back. Make sure that woman doesn't leave the town. No, that'll take time. She may have gone for the Mounties already. Can't go into White Horse now with those furs. They'll telegraph ahead and be on the lookout. We'll have to change our plans. I know of a cave near here where we can hide the furs and we'll hightail it back to Selkirk and throw off suspicion by being seen at the cafe tonight. Hey, that's a good idea. Lead the way to that cave and we'll get back to town as fast as we can.   Come on! Later that night, Lucy Evans arrived at the constable's office and reported the robbery. Then, with the constable and the doctor, she returned to the cabin where her husband was waiting. Two hours later, the constable, after trying to trail the crooks, returned to Selkirk and went to his office where he found Sergeant Preston and his dog King waiting. Hello, Hal. Sergeant. We found the door unlocked so we made ourselves at home. Light was still burning so I figured you'd be back before long. Sergeant, I'm glad you came in tonight. Why, did something happen? Yes. Gary Evans, a trapper living a few miles south of here, had his furs stolen. He and his wife arrived at the cabin in time to see the crooks about to leave. Gary was shot in the arm and they got away with the furs. I see. I know Gary and Lucy Evans. Did you pick up the trail of the crooks? Yes, I did. They followed the south trail a short distance, then turned off toward the foothills. I lost the trail low and they covered up by riding in the creek a few miles out. Somebody must have heard about the furs when Gary came to town and made a deal to sell in the day. He was to deliver them in the morning. Oh, that's too bad. I'll telegraph to a white horse in case they go there. Then King and I'll try to pick up the trail where you left off. Fine, I was hoping you'd help. Oh, but we'll have to find the telegraph operator. The office is closed by now. I know him by sight. I'll go to the cafe and see if he's there while you go to his cabin. Right. I'll meet you later at the telegraph office and then we'll go out to pick up the trail. Let's go, King. Meanwhile, Alex and Joe had arrived at the cafe after hiding the furs and circling back to town. They were seated at a rear table in the cafe when Sergeant Preston and King entered. Hey, look, Joe. It's that money Preston with that dog at his place. He smoked. I didn't count on him being in town. It's that dog I'm worried about. He can pick up a trail that the monies themselves can't find. Wait a minute. The person's talking to the barge. I'm looking for the telegraph operator. They've been in here recently. No. I'm looking for the telegraph operator. They've been in here recently. No. Not tonight, Sergeant. I guess you'll find him at his cabin. Oh, thanks. He should come in within the next 10 minutes or so. Tell him to come to the telegraph office right now. It's very important. All right. He comes in and I'll tell him. What's up? What happened, Sergeant? Huh? We're rubbering.  I hope so. He'll have a chance to try anyway. We'll be going out to pick up the trail. Oh, uh, be sure to send the telegraph operator to his office. He comes in here. Good night. Come on. Good night, Sergeant. We've got to get out of here, Alex. What are we going to do? As long as he gets out there with that dog, they'll find the furs and follow our trail back to town. We've got to clear out a cell quick and quick. Oh, wait. I've got a better idea. If we can get out on the trail before pressing that dog head that way, maybe we can stop. Maybe that is the answer. We'll wait along the trail and ambush him. The only thing that'll save our next now is to get rid of both Sergeant Preston and that dog. Let's go. We'll continue our story in just a moment. Partner, what goes on here? I'm a rootin' tootin' cow hand. That's what? So I see. You look like one too. Judging from that ten-gallon hat, shaps, boots, spurs and all. But look, mister, just you put up those shooting irons of yours and calm down. Fell ought to know better than to go around waving a pair of six-shooters. Partner, you're right. Dead right. But say, these are just pea-shooters. For real excitement, let me tell you about the kind of gun that gives me a bigger kick than a long-horned Texas steer. Oh? Mister, I'm talking about a gun that's got them all beat. Partner, that's the gun that shoots Quakerpuff rice and Quakerpuff wheat. Oh, you're telling me? Yes, sir. A fella with any zip and go to him needs to stow away a he-man breakfast. Now you're talking, and Quakerpuff rice or Quakerpuff wheat fills the bill for you, huh? Does it? Just pour on the old milk or cream, add your favorite fruit, and you know what? What? There's no beating this eating. That's what. Well, sir, fellas and girls, that's a mighty good tip. So tomorrow morning, be sure to get the drop on a really swell-tasting breakfast. Eat Quakerpuff rice or Quakerpuff wheat. Now ready to serve breakfast cereal shot from guns. Yes, Quakerpuff rice and Quakerpuff wheat are shot from guns. Actually exploded up to eight times normal size to make them crisp and tender. Bigger and better tasting. Important, too, wheat or rice shot from guns is good for you. Both delicious kinds furnish extra food values of restored natural grain amounts of vitamin B1, niacin, and iron. Man, oh man, don't miss out another day. Say to mom, from now on I want to eat Quakerpuff rice and Quakerpuff wheat. Now to continue our story. After leaving the cafe, Alex and Joe hurriedly mounted and rode from town along the South Trail. Meantime, the constable had found the telegraph operator, and after sending a wire to White Horse, the two Mounties left the telegraph office and stood at the hitch-rack outside, talking. Now we can take King with us and go out to Evans' place to pick up the trail of those crooks, eh? No, Al, I'll go. You stay here in the Quare around town so you can find out who was seen leaving Selker during the early part of the evening. All right, Sergeant. I guess that is the best idea. But when you and King catch up with them, you may need help. King's a lot of help in cases like that. The trail might lead all the way to White Horse and you'll be needed here. Yes, I guess you're right. Well, good luck. If I get a line under identity, I'll send a wire to White Horse with a description. Good. Study, Blanky. I'll get started now. Come on, King. Good night, Sergeant. So long, Hal. Get up, Blanky. Alex and Joe rode a short way out the south trail, then turned onto a branch trail that gradually became separated from the main trail by a narrow rocky gorge, yet ran parallel to the trail which Sergeant Preston would take. About a quarter of a mile from the Evans' cabin, they ran to a halt.  There's some bushes along the edge of that gorge there that separates us from the main trail. Yet it's only about 100 feet across. We can hide there and wait. That's the idea. We can get a sure shot at that monkey in the door. And if we miss, they can't get across to get us. Yep, that's the idea. Now, let's get over there and get ourselves settled. So as when they do come along, we'll be all ready to give them lead. It was almost half an hour later when Sergeant Preston and King approached the place opposite where the two killers were waiting an ambush across the gorge. The wind was blowing from the trail toward the hiding men so that King didn't get their scent and had no warning that they were there. We'll soon reach the oven's cabin, King, and you can pick up the trail. Easy, boy. We may have a long way to go before we catch up to them. Easy, buddy. Get around them all. In another moment, the mountainous dog were just about opposite the place where Alex and Joe were waiting with guns ready. Then two shots rang out. From across the narrow gorge, Alex and Joe saw the mountain fall from his horse. My bullet got Preston. He fell off his horse. He's hidden by the growth along the edge of the gorge over there. Yeah, but I missed that dog gone mutt. Now I can't see him. He ran back to where Preston is. Now let's wait a few minutes. We might get another chance at that dog. Oh, no. We better move on. Someone might have heard the shots. Look, we got the Mountie, that's enough. Without him, that dog won't be much good. All right. When the excitement dies down in a few days, we'll go get those furs and find some place to get rid of. Now, let's go. All right? Easy, boy.   Or a few minutes, the great dog King sniffed and whined at his master's side as Preston lay still on the trail. The shots had been sudden, and King was at a disadvantage since no scent came his way. In a few minutes, after the two crooks had left on the other side of the gorge, Sergeant Preston stirred, then, putting his head to his temple, he sat up. Oh, my shoulder. It's all right, fella. It's all right. That bullet nicked my shoulder and knocked me out of the saddle. Must have dazed me a minute, and my head hit the hard ground. We'll get to the Evans' cabin, boy. I'll have to rest a bit, and we'll get the ones who did this. I'm sure when we do, we'll have the crooks who took Evans' furs. Let's go, fella. Within a short time, Sergeant Preston and King reached the Evans' cabin and knocked at the door. Yes, look, Sergeant Preston and King! We were shot at on the trail. Oh, you're hurt. Sergeant, do come in. The bullet barely grazed my shoulder, knocked me off my horse. Oh, do sit down. I'll get some water and a bandage. Gary is over there on the cot. Oh, hello, Gary. Hello, Sergeant Preston. I didn't know you were in town. All right, there was a short time ago. Constable told me what happened out here, so I was coming out with King to trail the men who stole your furs. They must have known you were coming out. I tried to ambush you. Yes, I'm sure the shots came from across the gorge. No way, King Acton. No way for him to get over there after them. How's your arm? Oh, it's all right. I have to wear a sling for a while, though. Here's the water, Sergeant. I'll fix your shoulder. Thanks. It's just a scrape. Oh, you're very fortunate. Yes, I know. You'd better rest here until morning. Well, thanks, Lucy. Don King and I'll get over on the other side of the gorge and trail whoever shot at us. After leaving the place from which they had shot at, Sergeant Preston and King, Alex and Joe rode for a time in silence. Then Alex spoke. Joe, I've been thinking. What about it? I think we're making a mistake going back in the silker. If somebody finds Preston's body on the trail, the Constable might learn we were out of town that the time he was killed. Well, then what do you want to do? I'll rain in for a minute. Ho, ho, ho! I think it'd be wiser to go up to the cave where we left the furs. The pack horses are still waiting there, you know. And anyway, we didn't leave them much feed. You mean we should hide out there? Look, we don't have any supplies. No, we don't have to stay there. With Preston out of the way, we can hit the trail taking the furs with us. We don't dare ride into White Horse with the furs. Don't forget they sent a telegram about the robbery. Yeah, I know, I know. But a friend of mine has a cab and a short distance from White Horse. We can hide the furs there until the whole thing blows over and then sell them. He knows just how to get rid of them without suspicion. All right. Let's head for the cave then. We can grab a few hours of rest and then set out for White Horse. Get up there!  The following morning at dawn, Sergeant Preston set out with King and headed for the other side of the gorge. When he reached the approximate place across from which he had been shot, he found hoof marks and followed them. Hold on, King. Hold on. Here's where they awaited in the bushes on the edge of the gorge. All right, King. All right, King. Find them, fellow. Have them. Ready, Blackie? Easy. Get up there! Sergeant Preston and King had no difficulty following the trail, which at first headed in the direction of Selkirk to the north, then circled and headed southeast in the direction of the foothills. Finally, after riding for over an hour, they came to the creek where once again Alex and Joe had ridden along in the shallow water. Hold on, hold on, Blackie. Find them, King. Find them. The intelligent dog paused at the water's edge and sniffed the air. His keen sense of smell caught the scent of the men, which still clung to the foliage along the creek bank. Which way to go, fellow? Find them. A moment longer, King stood as if undecided. Then, with a triumphant bark, he set out along the creek bank toward the south. Good boy, King. Get up there, Blackie. Dawn found Alex and Joe busy loading the furs onto their packhorses in preparation for the trip to Whitehorse. They had slept a few hours inside the cave and now felt no big need to rush matters, since they were certain Sergeant Preston was dead and that King would not be of use to anyone else. Though they were inside the small cave with the packhorses, they had left their saddle horses waiting outside the entrance, tethered to a tree. As he started to lift another bundle of furs, Joe paused a moment, listening. Hey, Alex, did you hear that? Hear what? I get busy loading the furs. Oh, no, wait a minute. I think I heard a dog barking. I didn't hear anything. Anyway, it might have been a timber wolf you heard if you did hear anything. But what about it? I keep thinking of that dog of Preston.   No, but anyway... I'll go out and look and see if anyone's coming just to satisfy you. You see anyone? No, nobody. Now, let's get these furs loaded and then we can get started. Nobody's going to catch up with us now that Preston's out of the way. Now, come on, get busy. Sergeant Preston and King had left the creek and were following the branch trail and ran near the cave. As they rounded a bend in the trail, Preston caught sight of the two horses tethered to the tree in front of the cave. Oh, a cave with two horses at the entrance. Quiet, King. Quiet, fella. Easy, boy. Come on, King. Do the scully quick. Come on, Blackey. Get around there. Well, Blackey, I'll have to hear a few minutes. Steady now, brother. Yes, I know, boy. You want to go on after them. But if they heard you bark, they'll come out to have a look. We'll leave Blackey here and circle around so as to come up alongside the cave entrance. All right, King. Let's go, boy. It took quite a little while for Preston and King to reach the cliff wall and approach the entrance to the cave. But finally, they reached the tethered horses without being observed from inside. Quickly, Preston untied the horses and gave each a hard slap. Get going there.  As the horses gout the way down the slope, Preston took King by the collar and pulled the dog against the wall just outside the entrance. Meantime, inside the cave, the two crooks finished loading the pack horses. There. I guess I'll carry all right now, Joe. Yeah. Now that we're ready, we better not waste any more time getting started. It took longer than I expected to load those furs. Hey, what was that? The horses outside. They're running away. They got loose. Come on. As the two crooks ran from the cave, Sergeant Preston moved in between them so that he stood between the cave entrance and them. Then he called out. Rich, both of you, and don't turn around. At Preston's command, both men had stopped and raising their hands had looked back over their shoulders. The look of surprise and Alex's face gave way to one of cunning. And with a sudden movement, he twisted sideways, dropping to one knee and grabbing his gun. Get on this side. No, you don't. As he spoke, Joe jumped behind the tree where the horses had been tethered, at the same time turning with his gun in his hand. But Evesley raised his gun, King, whom he hadn't noticed, sprang from the side with a deep-throated growl. The great dog moved like a streak of lightning and grabbing Joe's gun arm bore him to the ground. Sun King down. I'll take that gun. I'll get up, you. Keep that dog back. He won't hurt you unless you ask for it. But you've got something to settle with me right now. What do you mean by that?  Since he's wounded, he can't fight. But you can. You wouldn't talk that way if you didn't have a gun in that dog with you. I'll holster my gun there. You lie down, King. Lie down, boy. All right, you. I'll push your face in, Monty. That's what I was waiting for. Take this. I'll get you for that. That's all. And here's one for Gary Evans. And this is for King and for me. No, no, no, no. I can't fight. You gotta give up. All right, King. Watch both of them while I tie them up. Then we'll round up their horses and get them back to Selkirk. You two are under arrest in the name of the queen. Later that day, Gary and Lucy Evans arrived at the constable's office where Sergeant Preston and King were waiting with the constable. We got your message about catching the fur thief, Sergeant. Gary insisted upon coming to town in spite of his wounded arm. We can't thank you and King enough for getting our furs back, Sergeant. I knew if Sergeant Preston and King got on their trail, they wouldn't have a chance. I'm glad we did get back your furs, Gary. But remember, King and I had a personal reason for catching those two cooks. I guess they did make a mistake trying to ambush you and King like they did. There's an hour of escape for both of us at that. Those men are killers. It's a relief to have them behind bars. Both King and I are glad this case is closed. In just a moment, Sergeant Preston will give you a preview of Wednesday's adventure. Say, when you watch hard-riding, hard-fighting Hollywood stars in action, remember this. One after another tells you to eat nourishing breakfast of delicious Quaker-puffed wheat or Quaker-puffed rice topped with milk or cream and fruit. Wheat or rice shot from guns furnishes extra health values of restored natural grain amounts of vitamin B1, niacin and iron. Remember, it's never sold in bags or bulk. Buy Quaker-puffed wheat and Quaker-puffed rice tomorrow in the big red-and-blue Quaker package. Listen Wednesday when Sergeant Preston and Yukon King meet the challenge of the Yukon in the case of the sourdough's dog. When two shady characters known as Scar and Baldi made a frantic attempt to buy Joe Sandford's dog, I suspected that the dog must be worth more than Joe realized. It turned out that this dog was worth $100,000. But before I found out why, Joe was shot from ambush and King and I had a terrifying brush with death on a collapsing bridge. Be sure to hear this exciting adventure Wednesday. These radio dramas, a feature of the challenge of the Yukon Incorporated, are created and produced by George W. Trendall, directed by Fled Frauday and supervised by Charles D. Lippert. The part of Sergeant Preston is played by Paul Sutton. They have brought you every Monday, Wednesday and Friday at the same time by Quaker-puffed wheat and Quaker-puffed rice. The breakfast cereals shot from guns. Your best bet for hot breakfast is Quaker Oats. The giant of the cereals is Quaker Oats. Delicious, nutritious, makes you feel ambitious. The giant of Quaker Oats Yes, if you want to be a star in sports and school activities, make your hot cereal Quaker Oats because Quaker Oats helps grow the stars of the future. You get more growth, more endurance from oatmeal than from any other whole grain cereal. Remember, Quaker and Mother's Oats are the same. This is J. Michael wishing you good bye, good luck and good health from Quaker-puffed wheat and Quaker-puffed rice. Thank you for watching.


Now, coming back to that one more time, iron 5726, 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6, 3d8. That is the condition at iron 0 oxidation state in metallic form. So, how many S orbiters you can see over here? There is one, there is one, and there is one. There are three different S orbiters. Now, which one of them are getting affected? Now, over here, during the study of your chemistry, you learn this interesting term called core electron and valence electron. So, over here, this set of electrons are known as the core electrons, because they are remaining at an orbital which is very close to the nuclei, and rarely it is getting affected by what is happening outside during the reactivity of the molecule. During the reactivity of a molecule, the 1s and 2s are very minimally affected, whereas these electrons are known as valence electrons, because these are the maximum changes you are going to see. You can see an electron exchange, you are going to see that from this particular shell, number three for iron. So, that is why these are called the valence, these are called the core. Now, over here, what are the changes happening? The change is happening in the 3d orbital. Now, the 3d orbital, it is getting affected by both 1s and 2s orbiters and also 3s orbiters. Now, 1s and 2s, as I just said, it is the core electron, so their effect is very low, minimal. Whereas 3s orbiters, it is very lying almost at the same shell, so they have a better interaction between the 3s and 3d. So, their influence, the 3d orbital influence on 3s orbital is maximum. So, this makes minimal and maximum same with respect to ds interaction. So, that means if I change anything on the d orbital, which of the electrons are going to get affected, so on and so forth. So, that is what I am going to say over here. Any questions up to this point, because these are very important. Are we understanding why the d orbital is affecting my S electron density? And why do I care about S electron density? Because this is the S electron density that is the only thing that can go inside the nucleus and that is the psi 0 square value, which is very important. And this value is important because in the equation, this is the value is going to get affected. So, over here, I am trying to see if my d... Hello, sir. Yes. Sir, d and S orbital overlap is very low. So, is really d orbital affect the S orbital? Good. So, it is not really overlap, it is a different interaction. So, I am coming into that what the interaction is. So, for that, let me take an example. Okay. So, now I am going to take two examples, iron plus 3 and iron plus 2. And with these two systems, I am trying to explain what is actually happening and how the d and S electron is actually getting affected. And it is showing me that there is a bad network right now in IIT. So, I have very little to do. So, we will see how much you can go ahead. So, now iron plus 3 and iron plus 2. If I want to write what is the valence electron configuration for iron plus 3, it is 3d5 for iron plus 2, it is 3d6, right? Now, how does d electron and S electrons are connected? This is connected to something called shielding effect. Now, what is a shielding effect? Shielding effect can be learned in a different ways, but I really like that pictorial diagram, like exactly what is happening. And for that, I will go to the radial distribution function. So, it is the psi square, which is giving you how much electron density is distributed with respect to the distance from inter-nuclear distance. Oh, sorry. The distance from the nucleus. Now, what happens? Say, this is my S electron density. So, how do you see? If you remember, we draw that last time. So, this is my 3s electron density, how it looks like. And how the d orbital density looks like? d orbital density looks like something like this. Now, over here, you can see in this particular area, there is a possibility that you have d electron density and also have s electron density. And both of them are fine for the attention of the nucleus, that whether the nucleus is attracting that electron density or not. And over here, if I have too much of d electron density, what will happen? That it will fight with this electron density and ensure that the d electrons are getting affected with the nucleus more compared to the... s electron density. So, that means the interaction between the nucleus and s orbital can be affected by the 3d orbital. More the 3d orbital electron density, more will be that effect. And this effect is known as the shielding effect. Now, if I want to say that 3d5 versus 3d6, these are 5 electrons, there is 6 electron, which you are expecting to see more effect in cutting down the interaction between the nucleus and s electron density. Where I have more d electrons, that means 3d6. So, over here, I will write, over here, I have more shielding effect. And for this one, I have less shielding. Now, the number of s electrons it is constant. In both cases, there is 2 s electrons, 3s2, right? So, it is 3s2 is common and then it is 3d5 or 3d6. Now, the s electron density is common. So, over here, if it is less shielding, that means this s electrons of 3s2 have more possibility to interact with the nucleus. That means, if I want to find what is my psi 0 square value, this one is going to have a higher number. And in the case of 3d6, because I have more shielding, the s electrons are getting hampered compared to 3d5 or Fe plus 3. And that is why there will be a little bit lower contribution of s electron density inside the nucleus. I am going to take time over here because this is the most important part over here. If we are connecting the s electron density with respect to the oxidation state. The oxidation state of iron, when it is changing, it is changing the d electron density, nothing else. Now, how the d electron density is affecting the s electron through the shielding effect? Because they are trying to cover the similar area where both s electron and d electron is fine for the nuclear attraction. And if you have more interaction, that means you have more possibility that the s electron is going inside the nucleus. At r equal to 0. Now, if you have a lot of d electrons, that is actually taking most of the attention of the nucleus. So, s electron is not really having enough time with the nucleus, so you have less possibility that the electron density will be inside the nucleus. And that is given by the shy zero square. So, that is how the thing is getting affected through the shielding effect. Anyone has any problem in understanding that, please raise your voice, because that is very important. So, Orko, is it getting clear now how the s and d electrons are contributing with each other? Okay. So, now, if this is the case, I know this shy zero square value will be higher value in case of iron plus three and lower value in case of iron plus two. But again, these are relative terms with respect to when I am comparing between iron three and iron two. If I have a iron three system, if I have a iron two system, iron three is going to have higher S electron density inside the nucleus, iron plus two is going to have lower S electron density inside the nucleus. Now, if you want to put iron plus four over here, it will have much more higher value. If you want to put iron plus five, it will have much more higher value. If you want to put iron plus one, a much lower value, iron 0 probably the lowest value possible. So, that is how the oxidation state controls the a-selectron density inside the nucleus through the shielding effect. Now, this is we are sorted out that how much a-selectron density is going to be there. Now, look into that equation delta 4 by 5 pi z square, sorry I probably missed a pi value over here earlier, my bad. 4 by 5 pi z square r square delta r by r into psi 0 square of sample minus psi 0 square of source. Now, over here my source is going to be a constant value, that is the same source I am using and now say you are trying to differentiate between iron plus 3 and iron plus 2 that you are taking the same source. So, this is becoming a constant value.  Now, looking back over here what we found psi 0 square is going to be a higher value for iron plus 3 compared to iron plus 2. So, this value is going to be higher for iron plus 3 compared to iron plus 2. So, this total value psi 0 square sample minus psi 0 square source is going to be higher value for iron plus 3 compared to the iron plus 2. Now, if this is fine now comes this particular term delta r by r which I already defined is nothing but the difference between the excited state radius minus ground state radius and what I have said earlier it is actually a negative value for iron 57 because iron the radius of the excited state is actually smaller compared to the ground state. Now, imagine if this is a negative term all the rest of them are constant values. This is a negative term I am multiplying with this particular term psi 0 square sample is the only variable over here source is a constant and now this is going to be a higher value for higher oxidation state and lower value for lower oxidation state. So, compared to that if I multiply that with a negative number what I can say this delta value will be on the negative side for iron plus 3 and positive side for iron plus 2. Take your time look into the equation and find out what is the variable and why the delta value is becoming more negative if I have a higher oxidation state think about it. This equation says the only thing that can affect the delta value that means the energy gap between the source and the sample is the S electron density. So, I am trying to connect the oxidation state with the S electron density they are connected by the shielding effect more that the electrons you have more is the shielding effect less has the chance that S electron density will be inside the nucleus for the logical check. Now, source is a constant and I am trying to differentiate different samples. Now this sample value of psi 0 square will be higher when I have a higher oxidation state that means lower d electrons that means high possibility of the dase electrons are inside the nucleus. However, I have to multiply that with this particular term delta r by r which is negative because the radius of excited state in iron is a negative term. So, that is why in iron higher oxidation state means you are going to move negative side and lower oxygen state means you are going to show in the positive side. Any doubt or question up to this point? Please show. Okay. If not, now the question is what do I mean by this positive and negative values? So, this delta value that I was talking about from so on, this delta value is nothing but the energy gap between the excited state and the ground state between the source and sample and that is what is I am actually going to see in the real MOSBAR spectroscopic data is the following. I am going to show the data as percentage of transmittance which can have a value from 100 to 0 and over here I am going to see a band like this. Why I am seeing a band like this that we have discussed earlier over here that I am going to match the source and sample energy gap. Now over here I am going to move this system towards the sample or against the sample and this is written by this Doppler velocity millimeter per second and this velocity is nothing but a function of the energy itself. So, it is actually a one of a hidden way I am writing that velocity of the Doppler effect and this is actually connecting my energy and this is going to have a particular value if I do not have to move anything at all if it is matching at zero and this side is positive that means I am going towards the sample this side is negative that is against the sample. This is going to be absolutely at zero only when your source and sample are exactly the same exactly nothing not a single parameter difference only then you are going to have v equal to zero value but if the energy gap of my sample so let me just draw it so say this is the ground state and excited state of my source and say my sample is such that right now it has higher difference between the ground state and excited state e sample one. So higher energy state means it has higher value than the source itself how I can match it that means I have to move forward with the help of this Doppler velocity only then I can match the energy and that is going to be somewhere around there say it is plus v1 so that will be written as this delta value energy gap difference between the source and the sample now say I have another sample where I have the energy gap such a way that it is actually a little bit lower compared to the ground of the source says e sample two where the energy gap is actually less than the source previously it was higher than the source so that was I have to move it towards the sample but now if it is less than the sample less than the source the sample energy gap is less than the source I have to slow it down or move on the other side so that means I have to move away from the sample say around this value is like minus v2 and that will be the delta value or the energy gap difference between the sample and source. So depending on the energy gap with respect to the source we can have a positive value we can have a negative value and this way we can have this particular value delta can tell you what is the energy difference between the excited state and the ground state of the nuclear state i equal to 3 half and i equal to half and this delta value over here is known as which is called isomer shift or sometime it is also called chemical isomer shift okay and sometime it is also called center shift centered with respect to the source. So if you now find a term isomer shift that means I am calling I am talking about the delta value which is nothing but the energy gap difference between the source and sample if it is as a positive value that means this energy gap difference is actually higher compared to the source if it has a negative value that means it has an energy gap lower compared to the source that's all and when we talk about earlier when you're talking about this iron plus three versus iron plus two you can have a negative side you can have a positive side that means what I'm talking about that if I have a sample like this for iron plus three where should the iron plus two should come now say iron plus two I'm showing with red this should come towards the anytime you're drawing a graph you should draw what are the accesses so it should come on the positive side or towards the negative side so as we just discussed iron plus three is there there is the delta value for it where should the delta value come for iron plus two positive side on negative side so that is what we have discussed earlier that iron plus two generally comes on the positive side with respect to the iron plus three iron plus two will be on the negative side doesn't always mean it has to be a negative value it is comparatively towards the negative side okay so that means iron plus two over here will be on the positive side so this positive side means so say this is the delta iron plus three past two and this is the delta of iron plus three so say the delta value of iron plus two I'm just giving you an example say minus point one but delta iron plus two will be negative to that minus point one so you can say delta iron plus two is positive side compared to the delta of iron plus three but doesn't always mean it has to be a positive value so this positive and negative are actually the relative term which side they are lying positive side or the negative side that's all so mole will be the positive oxidation state and negative and lower oxidation state so lower oxidation state will move towards the higher side and higher oxidation state will move towards the negative side why again connect that back to the s electron density shielding effect and that equation where the high zero square value is there but you have to remember there is this particular term of delta r by r which is negative and that is why it put everything on the other side okay so any questions are query up to here why a higher oxidation state should lie on the negative side by a lower oxidation state should lie on the positive side look back into the equation in the exam or assignment you will have the access to the equation you have to just look into it and then connect the dots like what is actually happening over there


Okay, this is MXUX, I'm going to go through this as quickly as I can. This is a post asset purchase agreement joint venture agreement with Foxconn, Foxtron. This is by MXUX. This is MXUX. Let's move on to the first slide here. Not good. Stock market down. It's fluctuating actually, but down the most since the great crash, blah, blah, blah. Ukraine oil prices sanctions on Russian oil and gas. Fuel prices going nowhere, but up about $6 a gallon in the California area. Anyway, we all know what the macro environment is. This is May 11, 22 or May 13, 22. Let's go to the BEV sector. Close in. BEV sector. The leader, Tesla, cannot sell enough vehicles. They're considering stopping, taking orders. Okay, that is how popular it is. Now, if you just look at the difference between filling up an ice engine and turtle combustion engine versus filling up a Tesla Model 3, let's say in the Los Angeles area, you're looking at for the ice vehicle $60. You're looking at for the Tesla Model 3 about $12. So that's less than 25%. 20%. It's 20% of the cost to operate a battery electric vehicle versus an ice vehicle. That's a savings of 80%. Okay, and you got the BEV fleet market. Okay, let's just talk about the fleet market in general. Absolutely have been starved for vehicles for the last two years, are looking to overorder the biggest boom in fleet market demand maybe ever. Okay, and there the last survey I saw said that they were going to go to 30% battery electric vehicles in their orders. 30% of new orders were going to be battery electric. With savings now, and that's way before any of this macro environment happened, savings now of 80%. I think we can look at as many as they can buy. That'll be the demand unlimited for the battery electric fleet market. And we have Lordstown Motors. Okay, Lordstown Motors is an asset light battery electric vehicle manufacturer. They got a truck ready to go. It's a fleet vehicle. They got a contract manufacturer ready to build it. They can scale up or scale down demand, scale down production based on demand. They have no CAPEX, OPEX, no OPEX overhead. They can control their costs because they pay a certain amount for each vehicle. And they pay the bill of materials and a certain amount to produce it. And that's it. Anyway, I think LMC is in a fantastic position. Perhaps better than any of the other BEV manufacturers because of the simplicity of the design of the endurance. Okay, now we have the Google mouse view here. Now we're in a BEV fleet. Let's go a little deeper. Vans, massive demand for vans. It's very hard to break out pickup truck demand from demand. Vans are a very big segment of the fleet market. By the way, Lordstown Motors has a van. They have been planning it from the start. If you remember, Steve Burns was in a partnership with Lomotus of Camping World. They were going to build electric campers based on the Lordstown Motors high top van. This is before, of course, the shoulders got involved to make sure that none of this happened. I don't know. Were they working for Ford? Were were they working for the Auto Dealers Association? Were they working for a political interest? Good question. Anyway, so we've got a van loaded in the revolver ready to fire. We're ready to do this. We're just capital constrained as far as Lordstown Motors goes on vans. They have the design. They have the soft dies. They just need to do hard dies and summary tooling. Then you got pickup trucks. Lordstown Motors has a pickup truck ready to manufacture itself within probably weeks. Again, let's move on to the next slide here. See where we're at with the pickup trucks. Now we got fleet pickup trucks. We got the bigger circle here, which is Ford Pro, and we got Lordstown Motors. Lordstown Motors is a little smaller because it's not in production yet. The Ford Pro, they're going to make 40,000 of them. They are selling them for $40,000. They're unlikely to make any money on any of them. They have limited production to 40,000. They are no longer taking orders. Half of those trucks are going to fleet customers. That's 20,000 vehicles. Half of those trucks are going to consumers. So what's Lordstown's competition in the fleet pickup truck market? That's 20,000 Ford Pros. Whenever they can make them. I saw out of spec reviews doing a review of this Ford Pro, and this was supposed to be a production vehicle. First of all, it had torque steering issues, and it was very wallowy. The guy said, well, this isn't as bad as the big Lariat with the big battery. So that's what you're looking at there. But the main thing was, he looked at the VIN, and they said this was a production model 007, pre-production model. That's what they gave them to review. It's probably a specially prepared one at that. So I don't know where Ford is with their production. Even with their van production, they say they produce 500 vans. It's hard to say. They aren't saying who they're getting delivered to. Their regular ice pickup trucks are stacking up on a racetrack in Tennessee right now because they can't get parts to finish them. It's questionable to me since the Ford Lightning is based on the architecture of the F-150. If they can't build F-150s, how are they going to build lightnings? Anyway, they've stopped taking orders. So that's Lordstown's competition. 20,000. 20,000 Ford Pros. That's it. Cybertruck, not an issue. Not a fleet vehicle. The Scarridge, not a fleet vehicle. The GM, actually, not a fleet vehicle. Not out for a year at least. So that's the competition. 20,000 Ford Pros that are on order. They haven't been delivered yet. And the OEMs, you can watch my previous video on this. I mean the buyers have already said we're going to consume, consider alternative surfaces and sources for vehicles because we need vehicles so bad. That means Lordstown Motors. So 20,000 undelivered Ford Pros is the only competition Lordstown is facing in the better electric fleet market. Now let's take a closer look at Lordstown Motors. Now this is Lordstown Motors. I'm trying to do this kind of by their strengths. Their engineering is, I think, their main strength with the hub motors, with all the development, all the experience they have, the staff in house specifically bringing a battery electric vehicle to market. This is hard fought experience. This is, there are not a lot of people in the world that have the experience of this engineering staff. And they have a unique technology as well that they know how to engineer. That's one of their main strengths. The other two main strengths is the product. The endurance is a great fleet vehicle. It's a great consumer vehicle. The cost of production is going to be so much lower than these other vehicles when they get into mass production. The management is another strength of Lordstown Motors. The new management team we got in there are Stellar. The other management team was excellent and it got Lordstown to where it needed to be. One quarter is one year. One quarter is four years at Lordstown Motors. They just moved beyond the startup phase. They're into the production phase. They've got professional management in there.  Now, here's the big elephant in the room is finance. Finance is the focus of Lordstown Motors right now because the only thing they have keeping them from making these trucks and selling them is capital. That is what Hightower said on the last public speaking he did on the quarterly call. The only constraint they have is capital. They've got everything else, all the ducks in the row. As far as the component supply and so forth, Foxconn is going to handle that and this is the only vehicle they're doing. They're going to get all their attention and I think they're going to be able to source all the stuff that Lordstown needs to make this truck. So, one thing we have is this MIH joint venture which was entered into by Lordstown. I think people are misinterpreting this. We'll see on the call on the 19th. They're saying Lordstown got 45 million dollars for this joint venture. Well, they split it. Lordstown got 45% of 100 million deal. That was 45 million. They have capitalized this joint venture with 100 million dollars. That loan was again fronting Lordstown Motors money to purchase this interest in this business. I do not believe that is cash in hand for Lordstown. I think this is a bookkeeping entry and that Lordstown owes them this money but it does give them a partnership in this asset which could prove to be extremely valuable. As well, I have down here, arrow, big arrow with a dollar sign. This is where Lordstown Motors could generate operating capital. For example, the fiscal orange is going to be built there. We don't know much about it. Will the MIH joint venture, will it be on an MIH platform? Probably. Will Lordstown engineer that? Probably. Will they get paid for that? Probably. Will they get a fee for each unit produced? Probably. When is that going to take place? Not at least until next year. But the fees may start flowing sooner than that. This could be a source of capital for Lordstown. Obviously, Lordstown has made it very clear they need $150 million. We're going to go over that in a minute. They need to raise $150 million this year. Let's just go through the timeline here. This is basically today. We're still at PPV just ready on the cusp of starting production. Start a commercial production sometime in the next three months probably. The first delivery is going to take place in the fourth quarter, let's say 1222. By 123 or in that area, they expect to be ramping up and they expect to have 500 units of the endurance in customers' hands delivered by 1223. At the end of next year, they have 5,000 units planned for production. Now, parts constraints, materials constraints, so on. This is Foxconn's job to get these parts together. This is their only electric vehicle. This is their first effort. Are they going to focus everything they have on getting this truck built? Yes. Are they going to come up with the parts? I mean, if anybody can do it, Foxconn can do it. So are they going to reach 5,000 units? Yes. What did Hightower say? The only constraint they have on production, now that's 5,000 units, their only competition is Ford with 20,000 units. Okay, so they've already got a fourth of Ford, you know, they're already climbing up Ford's, you know what. So, but the thing, the important thing to say here is Hightower said, we are constrained by capital. That's it. The more capital they have, the more trucks they can make. The more capital they have, the quicker they can launch them in. The quicker they can do the hard tooling for the van, the quicker they can get that in the fleet, fleet manager's hands. And the fleet BV, Ford fleet, I did it. There's another video on this. I advise you all to look at my past 10 videos. You can pick and choose. It'll explain all of this. But 5,000 units is the bottom end. Okay, this is, this could scale up phenomenally, depending on the parts and the capital that Lordstown raises. Now let's just go to the next slide. Now this is, they need 150 million for 500 units of commercial production in 20, for 2022 and to 123. Okay, now this is for 500 units. I believe the start of commercial production unit one to whatever the limited number would be can happen with the present cash levels they have on hand. I do believe they could start production, who knows, 10 units, 20 units, 100 units. They have enough money to start production. We have no idea, let's say five trucks. I believe without raising any money they could make five commercial trucks and deliver them to customers. That is my personal opinion. Okay, we have a stock price right here today of 237. It's up after market to 240. It's going up and down. We've got a lot of institutional interest. Now we've got Lordstown Motors. Now they've got to raise 150 million. How are they going to do it? Well, they've got a couple, I don't know, they've got three ways in my opinion, equity. They could dilute and do a public offering. And I think as shareholders we should expect that this is going to happen sooner or later. I don't think it's a bad thing. I think it's a good thing. They could do a private offering to Foxconn. Foxconn already owns, I don't know, with the close of this deal, they have warrants to buy 10 million shares at $10 a share, 1075 a share. They have, tell me they're not incentivized to get this truck into production with warrants at that level. And they also have a number they spent 50 million on shares. They bought another, I don't know, 10 million shares when they initiated the asset per AAP. So Foxconn already owns, I don't know, a couple million shares of Lordstown. I'm sure this will come out in the stockholder meeting. But these are a couple of things that could happen. There can be a consortium of joint venture firms that might want to take a private offering. There are institutional holders that might want to take a private offering. I don't think there's going to be any shortage of people that want to get in on this, in my opinion. Now I have another source here, joint venture income. Is that coming? Other income? We're going to start making hub motors for Aptera. Are we going to license some hub motor technology? Who knows? But the joint venture income, the fees for the fiscal orange. Henry Fisker went to the factory yesterday. He's there. He's talking. He's meeting with Foxconn about the manufacturing. He's meeting, in my opinion, no inside information with Lordstown about the engineering. Because Fisker is just a design house. They don't do anything else. So I'm sure Lordstown is going to engineer that. Fisker is going to design the body and Foxconn is going to build it. And that's going to take place next year. So is there going to be joint venture income? I think that's going to be coming. Now the third way is debt. They have YAH, the YAH associates. They have, I believe, three more tranches of debt that they can get them to purchase stock. Now it depends. It's a complicated formula, but in any case, the higher the stock price, the more money they'll raise off YAH. And this is already set up. This is already, I don't know what the exact number is in. Again, I believe at the stockholders meeting, they're going to go through this. There's a level of complexity here that I just don't have enough time to cover in this video. And I also do not have enough time to research at this point in time. There are minimum cash requirements for Lordstown. I'm not sure if they have to meet those as a condition. I think it was a condition of the sale. I'm not sure. Anyway, there's a lot of things going on with the financial. That's why that finance bubble was so big in the Lordstown description. Now, we got the YAH tranche. Now, this is what Tesla did to Chalmoth. Chalmoth bought convertible bonds. Foxconn could buy convertible bonds or Chalmoth could buy convertible bonds in this. And you could say, well, they don't have any assets to pledge against. Well, you know what? They have a 45% interest in that joint venture, which is an asset. They have their IP, which is an asset. They have their brand, which is an asset. They do have assets. And I think that joint venture is going to end up being the most valuable asset they own. Anybody with any vision into the future can see that. And I think convertible bonds are a chance here as well. And at X years, they convert either to SOC, you know, you set a strike price or repayment. And I think we can get these at a low rate because Foxconn's involved. Foxconn's one of the biggest country companies in the world. Okay. All right. Anyway, this is my view. Again, I think they can get to the start of production without raising 150. In other words, if the investors are saying, well, show me, and then I'll invest the money, I think Lord's time can do that. My opinion, not an engineer, not a lawyer, not a financial advisor. But if that, if it came down the crossing that line saying, look, you got to show me a production vehicle, you got to sell one, then I'm going to invest, I think Lord's time can do that with the cash on hand. I also think they're going to be able to raise the cash. Now, this is a thought exercise of where Foxconn is. Their partner, Lord's town's partner. Okay. And this is the latest information. Their last quarter earnings were great, but they are looking forward and they're saying smartphone growth and demand are slowing. Okay. They are reducing reliance on the smartphone sector. They basically put it on the back burner. They aren't even interested anymore. China is experiencing severe pandemic lockdowns limiting production. They are over China. Okay. Foxconn wants to diversify outside of China for this and also for the fact that the US relations with China are souring because vis-a-vis the view on the Ukraine situation by China. So that Foxconn is out of smartphones, out of China. The CEO of Foxconn said, we want to pivot to BV manufacturing at speed to capture market share. And you saw what the situation is with Ford and Lord's town for fleet pickups, capture market share. That's what it's all about. Lord's town USA is the Hanhai headquarters for battery electric vehicle manufacturing. Do you understand this? World headquarters. This is the focus point of all their efforts right now is Lord's town. Okay. This is one of the biggest companies in the world. Okay. Hanhai does not know how to build better electric vehicles. So they want to pivot their headquarters in Lord's town. They got everything there, but they don't know how to build EVs. Okay. Lord's town motors has retained expert engineering design capabilities and better electric vehicles. This is their expertise. This is why they exist. Okay. So what does Hanhai need? What LMC got? LMC and Hanhai have entered into the JV to develop BVs. What is their first BHV going to be on the MAH platform? Probably the pair. Will the pair have hub motors? Good chance. Is Lord's town going to do the engineering and the electronic design? Most likely. Is Foxconn going to add the operating system for their car and the entertainment system for the car and build the car on a contract basis? Yeah. Is Fisk are going to design the look and feel of the car? Yeah. I think that's how that's going to go. They're going to sell that for 34 grand. Can they make money on it? I don't know, but the point is they're planning on making millions of them. It's a money making deal for everybody. All right. Now we go to the LMC endurance is ready for start a commercial production and deliveries. As I said, I believe they can start production and deliver a limited number of trucks without even raising money. Okay. Right now, Foxconn has got all the focus on BVs. All the focus is on Lord's Town Motors. He's the only client for Hanhai BV manufacturing services. Okay. So all of this is focused down into a small point of laser beam of light on the Lord's Town endurance. Okay. I expect LMC to raise 150 million dollars. Okay. If you go through all these factors, they're going to raise, I think they're going to raise 150 million. I don't think it's going to be a problem. And I don't know that they're going to have to dilute stockholders. I'm not a finance guy. I'm actually bored by finance. But as High Tower said, production is only constrained by capital. The more money they have, the more trucks they can make, the more market share they can have, the more market share they can steal from Ford. The bigger player Hanhai can become. This is a win-win for Lord's Town and Hanhai. I think there's potential for an even larger capital raise if they can show their investors that they're not battery constrained. And I, Goshen, I have a video about rumors. You can look it up. I believe, I mean, the indications are Goshen is going to be their battery supplier. If so, they're not going to be battery constrained. So, you know, I think they can, number one, they can, they can make, get to the start of production without raising money to show investors. So I think they can raise them up. Number two, if they're not battery constrained, I bet they can even raise more money. Okay. In any case, what's the outcome of all this? Sorry, guys, short apple. I mean, this thought exercise says short apple. Go long ride. Ride is the pivot point for Hanhai to get into battery electric vehicles. So this exercise says go long ride. And through deduction, you can say expect the apple car at Lordstown because not only does Hanhai want to get out of smartphones, so does apple. So that's my call. I am bullish. Not a financial advisor. This is not a financial advice towards some voters. This is a high risk investment. Do your own DD. Catastrophic losses can result. My thought exercise comes to this conclusion. And that's, you know, I don't know, guys. I've been following this for a while. This would be my, at this date of May 13th. This is my evaluation of the situation. All right. Thanks for watching, guys. I hope you found that useful. This is MXUX. I'm going to be signing off now. Good luck in the market. And thanks for watching the video.