It is high time that we develop the next generation of cryptographic protocols and organize the transition in our security infrastructures. Japan is facing a cybersecurity talent shortage. So what can OIST do to help? OIST is a small and a newcomer in the field of quantum science and technology in Japan. But it can help Japan become a frontrunner in quantum security, research and technology. We will focus on our strength, which is fundamental research at OIST, especially on the quantum and optical physics and integrate mathematics, computer science and quantum hardware to create a new seed of quantum cryptography. OIST Advantage is the ability to attract a wide range of globally recognized researchers. This is based on our strong reputation as a world-leading interdisciplinary scientific research institution and a graduate school with excellent and internationally diverse faculty and students. Today we are very pleased to be joined by several experts in the field of quantum computing and cybersecurity, and I welcome all of you to this exciting webinar. Thank you Peter for this overview. The key really is that OIST, the Okinawa Institute for Science and Technology, wants to become a focal point for the debate. And not just the debate amongst the scientific community, but also the linkages and interaction with the engineering world and with the business world. And we sincerely hope that today's forum serves as a kick-off for a forum where we build a little bit of a community to have a free exchange on the challenges and the real-world applications of quantum going forward. So we can see the shrinking computer. So every year we pretty much double this way on the size of the typical feature size in our computing devices. So we are marching towards the quantum world. And then obviously the question you may ask at this point. Okay, so once we are at the level of molecules and atoms, what shall we expect? What is really that makes us, that makes a qualitative difference? Okay, we'll be able to compute faster, but is this the only thing we achieve there? Actually the answer is, and it's actually quite fascinating, it's much more than that. It's not only that we'll just compute faster and faster and faster, but we can compute differently. We can use inherently different physics to achieve something that is simply impossible because certain quantum phenomena do not have any classical counterpart. So in those two slides I will try to explain one concept. And if there's one thing I would like you to take away from this little presentation is this concept of a quantum superposition. So imagine this very simple experiment where you have something that physicists called a beam split or half silver mirror. And that is a piece of glass, such that if you take a photon and you send the single photon on this semi-transparent mirror, it's, and you put two photo detectors on the, on the sort of outside on the on the two output parts. Then if you run this experiment sending a single photon over and over and over again, in a perfect world assuming a perfect efficiency of the detectors and so on so forth, you will notice that only one detector will click. So the photon will never split.  You send a photon from a port that indicates zero and it will end up with probability 50% in an output port which I call zero or another one which I call one. So then you say okay I understand this is a quantum random switch that's fine. There's nothing really mysterious about it. But then look at the second experiment which I will now challenge you to explain. The second experiment. If you look at the top, bottom left corner of this diagram you see our previous experiment. But what I'm going to do now I'm just going to collect the output parts. I'm not going to put photo detectors there anymore. I'm going to put proper mirrors, and we'll refocus the two paths on the second beam splitter so I have two consecutive experiments. The second experiments is identical to the first one, except now that I just simply collected the output from the first one and channel the photon to the second beam splitter. And then I will challenge you to explain what's going to happen in this experiment. Then you will say, and this is a perfectly valid line of logic you will say okay, I understand the first experiment I saw a random switch right so the photon will emerge. Randomly either in output zero output one. So when it goes to the second beam splitter the same will happen. So you expect then that again you will see the photon with probability 50% either at output zero or output one on the at the output of the second beam splitter so you see that your photo detectors will probably fire with probability 50% each. Well, valid good solid classical logic but completely wrong. It's not going to happen this way. So what's going to happen in this experiment is that it depends really on how you adjust the optical path the distances between all those mirrors but it can happen for example. You can adjust it in such a way that only one detector will fire at the end so it will be only one detector that will register photon you send the one photon after another photon. And you would expect that you have two random switches so two random switches is another random switch but now somehow mysteriously the randomness councils and the second detector and the second beam splitter generates only one particular output. So that's actually if you find this really bizarre, you are not the only one because actually if there's a mystery to quantum physics this is somehow nicely encapsulated in this experiment. The question is you know what the hell is going on in between those two beam splitters. How come the photon that goes you know and emerges randomly from one of them when we measure the photon mysteriously just somehow gets into that doesn't behave in such a random way anymore in the second splitter. And you know then this is actually for real you can set up experiments and you can really demonstrate the whole thing it's the device that I showed you as known as a quantum interferometer or an interferometer. And, and this is actually quite interesting indication that indeed somehow the quantum world is different and this it behaves in a different way. Now this has impact and the big impact it has is in particular on the whole field of cybersecurity simply because many methods of encryptions are based on the fact that we have certain computational problems which are difficult and therefore it's difficult to crack in the cyber but then if quantum can solve certain problems that are behind our crypto systems, then obviously there is a reason to be a little bit concerned because that means once we have a quantum computer that those those cyphers will not be secure anymore. So, when people realize that quantum superposition is such a powerful tool that can be using the all kind of way. That was heralded as a second quantum revolution the first quantum revolution brought us semiconductors, you know, iPhones and all kinds of digits and electronic devices that you see around. There's a quantum phenomenon that is like a quantum tunneling and so on so forth, but we haven't used to our advantage the whole quantum superposition yes those coherent quantum phenomena are completely different. You know, game completely different sort of open different set of possibilities and we do know now we have enormous impact on privacy on secure communication on generating certifying randomness. It has amazing impact on ultra precise frequencies standards or sensors, you can build you can use quantum superpositions to build devices which can perform measurements of magnetic fields gravitational fields with amazing precision and you know last but not least they also offer those amazing power to to computing devices. Now, this is not I you know I stress, I focus on concepts because my colleagues will tell you a little bit how those concepts can be applied. But let me just say that this, there is amazing progress in quantum technology for example quantum communication is essentially a reality it's almost a commercial proposition, and amazing achievements, both in terms of trying to build quantum systems and also trying to communicate in a quantum way in a secure quantum way from space. I now want to turn over to what what it takes to build a quantum computer and why they're so different. Here I'm going to quote my colleague Bill Phillips, no glory at at Maryland. He's fond of saying that a quantum computer differs more than a laptop computer than the laptop differs from an abacus. And here is that the laptop and the abacus are actually the same type of computer. They're both classical touring machines. One's a lot faster than the other of course, much more useful, but the quantum computer is completely different. The laws of computing at the foundational level are revolutionarily different. And to me the corollary to this quotation is that, why should we expect a quantum computer to look anything like a classical computer. So, I've adapted a slide that was published in science magazine about five years ago, the editors had a review of different technologies, and they all have a certain level of exoticness, a certain exotic character to them. They're either cold or they're in a vacuum chamber, things that you wouldn't see in a normal computer. I highlighted ions and superconductors disease are really the only two systems right now that are being built into systems, and that have lots of industrial support behind them. I think the photonic platform is coming on strong as our neutral atoms, but they're they're not they're not there yet so I want to talk about these two technologies briefly. There's atomic ions and I'll talk a little more about this in a few minutes, we store individual cubits in individual atoms one at a time. And this schematic here is of the gold here is a bunch of electrodes that are painted on a silicon chip and coated with gold. And there's nothing quantum about this chip. The atoms are the quantum part and they're floating above their levitated above the surface. The atoms are actually cold, but they're laser cooled you don't need a refrigerator for laser cooling you just need one laser beam to do that that's actually the simplest part of dealing with atomic cubits. But the atoms are very well isolated in this vacuum chamber, and they're charged atoms their ions and they have a very strong Coulomb interaction, and we can modulate that Coulomb interaction with laser beams. Laser beams are like the wires they allow us to entangle do gates. They're sort of like our transistors the atoms are like our transistors when poked at with lasers. We can turn the lasers off, and the atoms are idle. And when the atoms are idle, they're perfect. Being idle is not very useful though so when we do poke at them with laser beams, there are effective errors from the lasers that look like decoherence. We don't have decoherence in trap dimes it's just that we don't have to worry about the manufacturability of cubits. They're all identical. They have no noise on the on their own it's all about optimizing the controller around the around the cubits. Over the last 20 or 25 years. This is progress in the error rates in the two cubit gates like the NAND gate of quantum computers based on these platforms. The errors are getting better every year, you know 10% 1% 0.1% and the fidelity naively is just one minus the error. So a 99% fidelity means you had a 1% error. And you can see superconductors were are coming down neutral items coming down ions were kind of the first on the scene about 25 years ago. I remember when I met Arthur about 1995 and he started teaching us a little bit about even before error correction what that meant. And with Dave Weinland in Boulder, Colorado, we were building better atomic clocks by entangling the atoms while we were building gates actually. And these gates have gotten better. The community has now gotten down to about three nines. We know the fundamental limits, according to these laser base gates is for maybe five nines so wait on here. This is a arguable summary from the Boston Consulting Group that they did a big study on quantum computing, and they wanted to see when things would come along. I mean these these these these potential market markets are, you know, anyway, you could you can dispute those for sure. The interesting thing is they split it up into three phases, and I think it's, it's kind of reasonable. The first phase we're in right now these are so called noisy intermediate scale quantum computers and NISC sometimes a John Presco coined it. Here we have systems that are not error corrected, but they just like remember when I said we have three nines so we, we can do a thousand operations or something with three nines. So hopefully there's a good application with a thousand with just a thousand gates because if we need to do more we're going to run into noise. So the technical barrier in phase one over the next several years is error reduction.  That might be obvious that's that's the first phase of, I guess any technology phase two in 10 plus years will involve error correction where we have used theoretical encoding to encode logical qubits that can withstand much that can that can survive errors. Now the idea I'll talk about error correction in a minute but this allows you to do much longer computations at the expense of needing more qubits. If qubits are cheap and I think in solid state qubits can be cheap you can print millions of them. If we can just do the error correction that's really the hope in those platforms. Phase three is really the scaling phase where as I hinted earlier we need some modular architecture. I would argue that anything complex in nature is modular. Even classical CPUs are now modular they're they're multi core architectures and so forth. So we need a modular architecture in the long haul. There's two big superconducting companies that are building superconducting quantum computers. You see here are designs of their, their dilution refrigerators for their next generation system in fact this Google. This Google rendition, they're planning for one million physical qubits, why one million, because they're going to do they're going to need so much overhead for error correction that might give them several hundred good qubits, but they don't have a million physical qubits to do that. And you can see the dilution refrigerator itself is the size of a small building, and it costs many hundreds of millions of dollars. The nice thing about atomic qubits, they can be held at room temperature this is the entire vacuum chamber that is strapped on top of a chip. And in the future, this will hold several hundred qubits that are very high quality with even lower qubits of 10 to 100. If you looked at one of my laboratories, even five or six years ago you saw a mess. So this is a single iron trap with lots of lasers lots of wires. This is an experiment, we have flexibility on every knob. And of course as we shrink things down, if we know what we want, we can freeze the design. And recently we've put pretty much all of that in this box. This is about a cubic meter scale. And my colleague, John saying Kim and Duke, also co founder of IQ, he's a minute tries it even further down to about a cubic foot in his academic laboratory. And I showed this picture before this is John saying Kim's group again, this, this mini mount. This is a few centimeters across. Now we're not here yet, but some groups at Sandia National Labs and MIT Lincoln labs have pretty much integrated the optics on the chip itself. The point to go home with is if you have too many qubits but not as not as many operations it's just not interesting. And so this this gray areas, this represents what we can simulate classically. If you can only do three or four gate operations it doesn't matter how many qubits you have it's not interesting. No matter how many gate operations you can do if you only have. Sorry, this, this, this, somehow the scale didn't work this this asymptote should be about 100 or so, maybe even less than that I'm sorry. What I want to say is if you have less than 100 qubits. It doesn't matter how many operations. It's not, it's going to be signable classical. Sorry, that curve is that curve is just drawn wrong. I guess the point I want to make is all of our current technologies are sort of unfortunate in this gray area we're starting to see hints going over into the into the orange here, but you can see up in the far right this is factoring an interesting number to break codes it's a long ways away. And it's going to involve error correction so you can see how many orders of magnitude we're away. I hope Arthur's right and we have experimentalists that are that are really clever and can figure this out. So, with any new disruptive technology it's important to get ready. And so the stages of quantum readiness are similar for other disruptive technologies you have to understand what the technology is what it can do, how ready it is and the technology perspective. Then understand what does that mean to you to your company to your country.  Obviously, you know, Chris touched upon many ways to potentially, potentially, as you put it benefit from the destructive capabilities of quantum computing. And we also have to plan to mitigate any threats that this new technology brings. So, this is taking off all around the world. There's major global players developing the hardware platform in North America, Europe, China. And we're not just building the devices there's entire software stacks and commercial entities to deliver the software tools to do focused work on specific potential application areas. And there's users and users in the aerospace sector financial sector and others, trying to figure out how might this disrupt us. So this this you know I say epsilon chance but of a exponential impact. The prime example we know of is cryptography, you know RSA cryptography Diffie Helman cryptography we thought it was fine. But only it wasn't it's completely broken by this hypothetical quantum computer. And these are these public key algorithms. They're the base most people don't care they've never heard of these acronyms. They're the basis for secure web browsing auto updates. All these secure protocols are based on strong cryptography, and these will be broken. And all of our digital platforms that we use all around the world directly or indirectly use these protocols. Do I need to worry about it today, or can I wait till I retire. This is the question I've been asked since the 1990s. And the answer has always been well that depends. Right, what is the security shelf life of the information you're protecting. Is it a trade secret. If it gets out will it mean the end of your company. Right so that might have a long shelf life obviously national security is another important area human private information or DNA information and so on and so on.  And the next factor parameter is the migration time. This is something most users of systems don't really know, don't really understand the intricacies of migrating a system from one, you know, cryptographic algorithm to another, but in any sort of real world deployment. If you're lucky it's five years, but that is pretty rare, and it'll take five to 20 years.  And if you go any faster, then you're going to compromise the implementation and lastly, so call that why years. Lastly, what is the collapse time, when will quantum computers break these crypto systems and read all this habit. So for the next why years, we're stuck with the quantum vulnerable systems. So if x plus y is bigger than Z, you're already too late. There's three inflection points coming in this transition. The first one is on the solution side. One of the questions was are there new algorithms that resists quantum attacks. There are indeed algorithms that resist the known quantum attacks. And NIST in the United States is standardizing them really standardizing a first week of algorithms to be done by around 2024. And so many people, you know, the final stage of deployment involves I need a standardized algorithm. So they're doing a preparation, but they have to wait for that standard algorithm to be ready. When that algorithm is ready, they're going to the next phase. Now, when that fault tolerant qubit that logical qubit, Chris and Arthur talked about when that is demonstrated. I think you need to be 90% ready. We don't know exactly how many years it will go to go. It'll take to go from 10 logical qubits to enough to break RSA. But we're counting the best that's really the home stretch. Right, we better, you know, the protectors of our digital platforms. And the users of our digital platform, they better be able to tell everyone, don't worry. This is a great day that we have a fault tolerant on a computer, we're totally ready on the cybersecurity side. And there'll be another inflection point, you know, shortly after that a few years after that, which is commercial long distance quantum photography and quantum communication. And it will be important to be ready to benefit from that as well when that comes out. And what are you by 75% ready 90% ready. Well, if you look at the four stages of readiness, understanding doing an assessment, doing your planning and testing phase three, and then that last 10% is implementing the plan and test, you know, validating it and so on. And so I think when fault tolerant qubits are available, you better be starting the deployment. You better be doing that last 10%. Now, when the NIST standards are out, because you need the NIST standards to finish your preparations and migrations and so on, but you better be well into the planning test, you plans better have already been started, and you're into the testing and so on and preparing. And when the NIST standards come that will enable you to finish the preparations. That's where I think we need to be at these inflection points. And solutions while we kind of know what to do about it in theory. Right, and it's the first the first line of defense is deploy new algorithms that we don't know how to break with the quantum computer. That's the best first line of defense, because you don't need quantum technology, you can deploy it on a smartphone. You know, PCs anything any classical platform. Now, but we can do better we can add quantum cryptography which doesn't have that risk of crypt analysis. And these are not in competition with each other some people frame it as being competition they're not there are more tools in the tool chest. You don't need to wait. A lot of people so wait till the NIST standards are out, then do something well no you can do 80 to 90% of the work without the standards. I think it's a great open source platforms experiment with. This is one we started I think it's probably the most widely used. And I also want to emphasize with regards to quantum cryptography we should be. We should go where the puck is going as the Canadian, you know, so Wayne Gretzky saying goes. We know. I have no doubt that brilliant experimentalists and physicists and like Chris Monroe and others. We'll build a quantum internet. Okay, our job as security specialists figure out how do we leverage it to make our digital platforms more secure to make our citizens more secure economies more secure or resilient. That's what we need to do the action items for business for policymakers for government doesn't require the Schrodinger equation. There's no H bars here. It's simple. It's very simple. We need a company needs to put somebody in charge of producing a quantum readiness plan if they haven't already. It can't be a hobby they do in their spare time when they're bored. That's their main job. The key performance indicators need to be based on their quality of their quantum readiness plan. So no quantum physics required except for the person, actually even the person implementing the plan doesn't need quantum physics. They also need support. You can't put them in charge of a task they will fail at. This is a very cross cutting issue. It's not just an IT problem it's not just a risk problem. It cuts across the business lines as well. So you need to give top level support of your business executives to this person and their team if they have a team. And then they're going to have to not just study it internally. When you can start when after you do the initial awareness and assessment internally. You can start reaching out to external stakeholders, like the relevant standards bodies people often will say well, I should do something but there's no standard, as if they're helpless by standards. You need to start talking to the standards bodies and others in your ecosystem to make sure the standards you need are available when you need them. And you know, these these this migration, well there's a lot you can do in house inside your own company. And ultimately you do need to talk with others in your sector for certain for the standards for example and regulations. And there's cross sector dependencies as well. So you're going to have to go to these cross sector for and start talking with these other important stakeholders in the supply chains. Another very low hanging fruit again this is all stuff you can do in the next six to 12 months. Start updating your your procurement policies your requests or proposals, starting gauging with your vendors, because you will rely on them. Right.


Well, hello and welcome to the next day's Dev Nation live I'm actually coming to you live today from Dublin, Ireland where I was just in Westford Ireland with Clemont But I had to leave him to catch my next flight So he's still out in what Waterford Ireland and you can see what is nice green background there You got the whole Irish thing going properly. Thank you But we have a great session lined up for you guys today We're gonna be deep diving into the reactive landscape if you're familiar reactive programming. That's awesome He's certainly gonna taste and give you some insights on to reactive programming But also the reactive systems architecture that you might be thinking about for the next generation of your applications Clemont is absolutely our expert who goes on talks about these topics on a regular basis He's from the Vertex team specifically But his background is fundamentally focused on how to build reactive systems and I think you're gonna really enjoy today's session So come on, please take it away and let's see what you got Okay. Thank you bear. So let me share my screen Okay Switch to present mode All right, so My name is Clemont Escoffier. I'm working to Vertex Vertex team at Red Hat and today in this session I'm going to explain what does reactive mean because today You have a lot of reactive things and if you google about reactive you will find things about manifesto Reactive system reactive streams, reactive extension, reactive programming, reactive strings And if you dig a little bit deeper you will find that reactive is often associated with many many different concepts such as backpressure or events or elasticity and even spreadsheets But seriously, what does reactive mean? So let's have a look to well to the dictionary And if you go to this page here to the Oxford dictionary and search for reactive you will find this Reactive means that you are showing a response to a stimulus and there is a second definition here Which is that you are acting in response to a situation rather than creating and controlling it so if we take those two definitions and we want to say what is a reactive software we can come up with this a Reactive software is a software reacting to stimuli such as messages request metrics availability or anything Cool, but let's have a look to this Definition here acting in response to situation rather than creating or controlling it That's actually very interesting because is that the end of the flow control Right now when you're creating an application on developing an application you have You do something a's and b's and c and so on so you know exactly when things happen, but When you are doing something reactive things are a bit more tricky because what decide what's next is the next stimuli The next stimulus that you are going to receive. So basically This is the revenge of the across a synchronous system or synchronous API We are in the 80s and so on so we are going to see all this actually is going to change or you build system But just to have some better understanding of what I mean by reactive And what is the reactive spectrum is that we have many reactive things as you have seen so let's try to categorize this So on the left side, we have reactive systems and reactive system has been defined as reactive manifesto We found concept like actor messages resilience elasticity scalability and asynchronous on the right side of this slide we have reactive programming and While reactive systems are on the architectural level or to build distributed system reactive programming is really about as a development model to build event oriented or misadvented and asynchronous program and here's the concepts are totally different who are speaking about streams flow events and of course asynchronous and There is a third reactive things that is very important today. It's right to streams quite streams is a model of back pressure on Non-blocking back pressure and here we have different concepts associated to it like data flow back pressure Non-blocking and asynchronous again What is interesting is that today and since a year or a year and a half these two ones reactive programming and reactive streams are Start to be the very same thing in the sense that the new generation of reactive programming library are Leveraging reactive streams as a basis to handle back pressure. So don't worry. We are going to explain all of this If we are looking in terms of technologies in terms of reactive system today in the Java world We have a car a pure actor model and a vertex For reactive streams, we have a cast dreams Eric's Java version to reactor from pivotal and Vertex and in terms of reactive programming. We have reactor reactive spring reactive extension Eric Java in the Java world and vertex. We can find vertex on these three Different reactive cities and we will see all vertex is a bundle for all of this and all you can leverage from the Ability to use these trees this different concepts. So but Let's go back when I was young and I was doing a very simple application It's almost 20 years ago and my application was very easy I have users that was entering data about products and was looking for Data about this product. So I got a very beautiful form Whereas I was entering data and then I was saving that in a database. Everything was fine. I was very happy. It was working Almost no crash and so on but one day The code base start to be very very Complicating and was growing and we asked me to extract some part of this data inside another services The pricing service that will be under by another team Okay, why not so every time that my application needed a price It will call this service get the price and display it to the user. Okay? Obviously, there is a mirror of this is that my application started to be used by some other services Some others Software from my company or from other company and okay So I had to develop an API in addition to my beautiful form So they can call me and I can give them the products and the price and so on But then users start Well, we're tired to refresh the page to get new data and so on and they wanted to get notifications It's something we have a lot more today While you have a mobile phone and so on you get notification all day long about your mails about messages and so on so They don't want to refresh anymore. They want the data to go to them So we needed to implement such kind of channel and as my application started to be a lot more Complicated in that before we decided to add some logging monitoring auditing and so on so Our complexity and but something we forgot when we did all those transformation is that all this interaction are distributed interaction We are not speaking in such the same Memory, so we are crossing the process space. We are discussing with a database over the network My other pricing services were over the network to my user definitely over the network and so on and There is one thing that we know about distributed system is that distributed system fail They fail for many many reasons Well, there is data loss. There is latency. There is timeouts. There is slowness. For example, my service here may Not be ready to answer my request because well It's other in a pretty bad shape or under reload or under maintenance or something like that My database can become very slow not necessarily because of my database but because of my network I don't control when my user or the other software are going to call my application So I don't know I cannot really predict the load. So it was very very complicated to get all of this Working and the capacity planning was very complicated And what happened was what we all know about distributed system is that my monitoring was telling me that I was dying so the world system was collapsing under the load and so on so The main question is how can we stay responsive in face of failures and under varying workload when we don't control anything and actually That's exactly the purpose of reactive systems. The goal of reactive system is to build Responsive system. So it's an architectural style to build better distributed system based on one primary concept, which is Message driven all the introduction are going to be using an asynchronous message passing mechanism And based on this we get elasticity and resiliency and if we have all three then we get responsiveness This has been defined in the reactive manifestos that you can find here. It's a very nice to read. It's very short So I recommend you to read it. It's really interesting Okay, but oh it works So basically we have all our entities that will interact using Messages and messages are not sent to a specific recipient But they are sent to an address and on the consumer side you subscribe to the to the address And and you get the messages when the system decides that you are the next one So if you have a lot of messages, you just need to scale Or to increase the number of of message you have here Of consumer you have here and it will just dispatch using a wrong or been or something a bit smarter than this If one of my consumer fail well, the message can be processed by another consumer and Something that is very interesting is that the cost the publisher won't wait in an active way for response It will everything is asynchronous so it can continue under other messages and send other messages using a very Few capabilities and memories and CPU everything will find Perfectly well, so when you see this you say, okay, come on everything is simple We'll just do that all over the place And I would just send messages and receive messages and get replies everything Asynchronously and everything is fine But if you try to implement this specific application on such kind of application was not really thinking about it Very quickly you get this you get this Very complicated code with callbacks and callbacks and a lot of threads that are going to try to Conflicts and what happens when threads try to conflict? Well, you get deadlocks or live locks So it's even worse than what we have before so we need a bit a better way to handle this So let's see how we can do that but before doing that Let's explain why it's complicated by introducing you to the asynchronous development model in the ideal world When you have three things to do you will do the first things and the second thing and the third thing and everything We find and you're done here at that point on that But in the real world We have IO and this task a will be blocked because it's calling another services ordering For example my prices or something like that and for that time It's waiting so my thread is blocked and when I get the reply It's kind of I can continue and so on and so on and so on until I'm done and then I can do that to be which Will do us some other IO and so on so in reality You're not completing your work here, but here Way longer and doing that time all this waiting time. You just do nothing. You just wait and we don't like waiting So the actual synchronous execution model is a bit different. It's okay We're not going to wait, but as soon as we have to wait we will try to switch to another task that can make progress and When we're when we can't make progress anymore, then we will switch to another task And maybe when we can't make progress anymore on that task We can switch back to the first one because we finally get an answer So instead of explicitly waiting, we will try to always stay busy So because of this we are back to exactly the same time We haven't get some free time here and to do some something else But to do this we need switching we need an asynchronous programming model We need non-blocking IO and then we need a task-based concurrency instead of thread-based concurrency And When you do that it's in your code things start to be a bit weird Generally, we do that. I have my compute method I pass parameter and at some point I return the result and on the consumer side I just get the result like that, but in an asynchronous world It's not working like that. It's the Hollywood way We pass the parameter and a callback and once the method has computed the result It will call you with a result So on the consumer side if I'm using Java 8 lambda expression I will use compute I pass my parameter and then this will be my callback here And it will be called when my result is there Everything fine. Why not? Let's have a look So if I'm using vertex to create an HTTP server as an example Every time that I have an HTTP request, I will call this handler here Okay, fine and every time I have a new request. I'm going to call this again and again and again To start my HTTP server, I will use this method here and this callback here will be called once HTTP server as Actually is started or fail to start because obviously there is many reasons why it can fail. So Looks nice. The code is okay. Okay, but let's have a look to another example. I Want to retrieve data from a database. So I need a connection This is going to be asynchronous because getting a connection is asynchronous Then I need to do a sequel query. For example, this is also a synchronous So I'm need to do another callback and obviously when I'm finishing processing the data I need to close my connection. This is also a synchronous and a start callbacks So we need to phase it. This is not cause that I want to write and read Everything every day because even if this is relatively easy, it doesn't scale and So all the vertex ecosystem is developed like this and believe me, it's not easy every day Well, we do that because we don't want to depend on anything and we want to have something Homogeneous but yeah, it's kind of sometimes it's hard to read. So what what can we do? How can we fix that and it's where we have reactive programming and reactive programming actually Has been designed a long time ago And the idea is how do I write? code to under asynchronous events and streams But to explain it the best example is spreadsheets So I do a lot of meeting conferences and so on and the most painful experience is my expense reports But fortunately I can use Excel to at least prepare my expense report and this is reactive programming So I have for example lunch, coffee, drinks, and this is the total But if you are an Excel user, you know that this is actually a Formula that is expressed in terms of the other cells Right. So there is an observation. So as soon as one of these cells change These cells observe the change and we compute the new value And over time we have something very interesting happening because at the at the beginning I have only my lunch 15 euros. Okay, so this become 15 and then answer 25 coffee because of that like I need a lot of coffee So this is 40 euros and then a lot of drinks and then I'm at 85 euros so over time a cell is not one value but a sequence of value and it's a stream of value So the stream of value depending on the technology as a reactive programming technology are going to use I have different name. It can be name observable flowable flow or publishers depending Depending on what you are using, but if we are using We are going to use a rich Java 2 and we are going to use the flowable concept But to give another example because that's what reactive programming is is about streams let's have this red stream here with the sequence of integer and Then I want to express to have another stream that take all those data and just do plus one That's my green stream So every time that I have a new data in my red stream I have this a new value in my green stream and let's do something a bit more Complicated in my blue stream, which will be which subscribe to my green stream Get the two last value and do the sum of it for any reason whatever if I want to express this Using Java for example Eric Java 2 I will do like that First I have a stream named flowable of integer, which would be all the integer from one to ten and then I have my green stream Which will be subscribe or observe the red stream of the one and map all the value to The value plus one Okay, why not so this will be my green stream and will be exactly this so for one It will give you to give three and so on and then I have my blue stream Well, I'm subscribing and observing the green stream get the last two value and every time that I have two value Just compute the sum of it. So it's actually interesting what happening here that here we have flat map because map associate to one value another value while flat map associate one value to a Sequence or a stream of value and just flatten this set of value So he has the sum of two integer is just an integer about the API is like that and don't forget this This is probably the most disturbing things when you start using a reactive programming if you don't subscribe Nothing is going to happen. It's very lazy So you need to say oh by the way all this transformation as a purpose and the purpose is that I need the result So don't forget to subscribe to your sequence of stream So here I'm subscribing to the green as a green one that will Then enable the blue ones and enable the green one and then also the red one and everything will start working Okay, so but what's the relation between this and the asynchronous senior was mentioning Actually because the stream is inherently an asynchronous structure For example as flowy ball observable our stream of data. So every time I have an HTTP request I will be involved and I can do transformation on it There is another type of stream which can have only one value Like singles or zero one value like maybe and this will be used as a second operation. I need to call my price of service I don't know when I will get the reply. So but I know that we have either Response or an error and this is what the single type is made for We also have completables which are for asynchronous operations that have no returns I'd say, okay, tell me if you have completed or not like writing somewhere in a file and stuff like that and it's interesting because You can use those reactive types of flowy ball observable single maybe incompatible to really Write and develop all your asynchronous System but we will see an example of that in in a minute So typically If I want to rewrite my gdbc or my database interaction First I need to get a connection. So I will use this method here that gave me a single So a stream of one with the connection Once I have my connection I say, okay, once I have my connection Execute this query here select star from products or get all the products Get all the stream of row and transmit to a flowy ball so to a stream and when I'm done iterating over this stream Just close the connection fine So and for every row I got I will create a new product using some kind of or I'm mapping or whatever and I just subscribe to that That's exactly the same code I was showing with my sweet nested callback and now we have a way more Declarative way to express exactly the same thing and what I mean is actually this we have the singles and I Do my query I get my query here. I got my sequence of row and I map it to product and then I've subscribed here Is that all working? Wow? Maybe something is not that simple actually and we are going to see that now What up on if at some point here? Something very slow is done like instead of just displaying the product on my console I'm actually doing very heavy computation on it if I'm in a blocking environment What is going on is that it's going to block my thread till the beginning But maybe you can't do that because maybe The threads that is producing the data is not the threads that you are using here So what's going on in that case? What's good? What can happen one when you're processing can't keep up? What happens in every case is we are going to fill a buffer and what happened when the buffer is full It's going to crash out of memory or in Eric's we have exception for that, but yeah, well Buffer are limited. So you need a way to handle this if you Can accept to lose that are well if I had that allows is acceptable Just say it and say, okay, my buffer is only three and As soon as it's full all the new data I would just read your exam to slash the stuff now adjusting your them. So obviously you can tune it to have the last that is drop or the first that is drop and so on but That only works when data loss is acceptable, but what about when you can't have data loss so Then we need a protocol Between the consumer and the producer So between the two streams to say well, I will tell you when I'm ready to receive and don't give me any data until I'm ready This is actually what is done by Ricky streams, which is one way to handle back pressure in a non-blocking way and all it works is that My consumer stream here is actually going to ask this stream to say, okay, I'm ready. Give me X element The element are will be produced asynchronously when they will be ready and When they are processed this stream can say, okay, I know I'm I'm back on track Just give me another set of X element and so on. So it's interesting because all the stream Semantic is about pushing data to the next one entry here We are reversing it to say no no the consumer need to say when you are ready and so But it's mandatory if you don't want to crash and to collapse under load or on the way too many data Actually for you if you're using Alex a job at you or rector You don't need to care about it because that what publisher or flowy ball and implementing Beyond the scene Floy ball and publisher. So actually publishers are active stream type and flowy ball is an implementation I'll just Well, I'll just stream Implementing this semantic so you don't have to do it. It will just work out of the box Well, if you're using observable then you're on your own and you will have to handle the bike pressure as you can using your own protocol Okay, but let's know I'll have a look to to vertex a little bit more and explain you why it's interesting for you If you are looking for reactive and it will give you a better understanding on all all those concepts work all together So reactive a system or active streams and reactive Programming so what is vertex eclipse vertex is a toolkit to be distributed and reactive systems It's just a library with a large ecosystem and all this ecosystem is reactive and it has been designed to be reactive in mind It's not something we have added after as an afterthought The first line of vertex was reactive. So we learn a lot by doing that. What are the issues? How to handle blocking code non-blocking code and so on It's proposed not one but several asynchronous non-deblocking non-development models If you want you can use callbacks you can use every Java one You can use every Java two, but it's also polyglot and you can use a scalar Kotlin Groovy Ruby and Ceylon and we say polyglot It really means that the world vertex API is generated for all those language using the constructs from this language for a natural integration We have a simplified concurrency model based on an event loop So you don't care about concurrency You don't care about thread is going to use a minimum number of threads and you will always your code is going to be single threaded But as you are not looking it's not big deal. It's going to work And it has a cluster event bus and we are going to see that that will enable the reactive system Vertex is used today from micro services web app IOT API gateway I volume event processing and many many other application and if you're interested go to HTTP No vertex.io and then scroll to who's using you will see many Companies are using vertex in production today for very different use case So why it's interesting in terms of reactive it's because Vertex was made to build reactive systems. We have reactive programming and we implement reactive streams So you have all three in one bundle Everything come from free. So let's have a look at what it looks like in a real application So and remember this application here. Let's implement it in vertex very quickly. So Let's focus on this iteration first Oh my user get my product although how do they insert my product? So let's imagine that my database as this API here insert that return a single Eric's Java 2 singer When the insertion has been done, so I got a request I do that on my database Okay, that's what I have here and when it's done when the insertion has been done I just reply the two hundred ones or created a A stupid response and if something bad happened because the database is not there or time out or I just fight a request To list so when my user want to list the product, it will just say database that retrieves. This is return a stream of products Okay, so with all the products and And then I subscribe and something interesting here is that I don't want to Overload my memory with all the wall set of products that that would be very inefficient in term of memory So I'm using something that exists since HTTP 1.1 is chunk responses As soon as I have a product, I'm going to write it down inside my HTTP Response so meaning that my memory will never blow up. Oh by the way, I forgot to say if you're interested by this card It's there. So you use this get a repository So Yeah, as I said as soon as I have a product that come back from my database, I just write it to my HTTP response and And it's my client side that will have to handle and display it correctly Okay, but what about calling my price here? So let's have this first version where this is a web or a Rest service or an HTTP endpoint and I'm going to use the the vertex web client for this and When I retrieve my product so this interaction here for all the product I'm going to call my processor using my web client. So it's just a vertex HTTP client. So I get the price I Extract the price from it and I produce Product of that and the rest of the code doesn't change Pretty cool because for each product. I'm going to use a web client fine All is non-blocking and asynchronous and everything is fine And I've as soon as I was the first response or the sequence of response I'm writing inside my HTTP Response the product and so on using my chunk response in The issue here is that I depend on one price or service and this is not really what we had in mind with Reactive system where we need to send Messages to an address and not to a specific recipient vertex come with a cluster of event bus and instead of using the Web client and so pointing to a neural we can just say hey Just send it to this address here and waiver is listening to this address is going to reply to that one To my message in an asynchronous way and the same it's going to be the same Type of interaction except that no we don't hot-cold the URL We just use an address and we can have one instance or x instances of my pressing service It's fine. Everything is fine and the rest of the code stay unchanged Let's continue in building this application here and say yeah, we want to inform our users as soon as someone's has added a product oh But he needs a price too. So what can we do here? You say, okay, I'm inserting I'm inserting my my product name. I'm retrieving the price of this one. Okay, and now I have my product with a price Writing the 200 a stupid 201 HTTP response to say to my To the one writing it that okay, it's done But I can do an additional things because this is not the last The last instruction I can also say oh and I will announce this new product to everyone listening on this products address and The browser from all the user can also be part of the event bus using what we call event bus bridges And so we see those Messages meaning that using a suggest channel Receive all the new products was not having to reload it. So oh, oh this it works So suggest is a JavaScript library that will Negotiate the channel between your browser and the application using web sockets and then degrading to SSC and Long pulling and so on depending on the capability of your browser Okay, so and also the last thing we were wanting to do is To do to call the audit system here But what I can do is get the price and call the audit at the same time I don't care to do that in a sequence. I can do it at the same time And this is what is done by these three lines here. I guess a price from product. That's a single It doesn't do anything. Nobody's subscribed to it. That's my action to send the action to to to the audit system Okay, again, it does nothing then I zip both stream meaning that when both are done, I will continue That's a stream and then I subscribe on it and everything will will be done will be executed and Both interaction happen in a second this way in parallel Well concurrently so it's pretty cool because you don't have to think about it about thread and so on everything is Is there and works perfectly well? So let's run this so again, I'll show you the the GitHub repository is exactly this code and I'm going to run this as a price or service is normally started fully. Yeah We'll see that pretty quickly. So again, that this is toolkit So I just wrote a main deploy my vertical so a vertex component right-click run don't need any Plug-in or anything? Let's go here That's this one here and yeah And it is so we got my products that are well in my database and Let's try to add one but before adding one. I will copy the same URL Open Safari here And we should have the same set of products. Okay. No, I just want to move you. Okay, and now I'm going to My terminal can't get access my terminal from here or I just stop the screen sharing It's not very cool yet. Sorry about that. I will open a new terminal here Where is my Safari so that you can see everything at the same time. Okay? Okay, and if I do If I want to add water for example Boom, you see that what happened is that this one got the 201 response as we said, okay But also publish the application publish on the event bus The new product and send it to both Here and here at the same time because both browser are connected using so GS to my event bus It's a very easy to do any kind of interactive application like that because you don't need to care about Who is sending the event and so on here? It's I have one application But if you are in a microservices system any of your microservice can send an event on the event bus and Also a connected browser can get it Let's go back to my slides here all right and Let's conclude no because I'm oh, yeah, I'm a bit out of time so what does reactive mean reactive is just a new way to build a synchronous system, but All all the world is a synchronous everything you do is actually a synchronous I'm speaking you and you're receiving all my word Asynchronously when you are typing on your keyboard is asynchronous your operating system always dealing with Interruption and so on is asynchronous too. So it's just another and very powerful way to build such kind of asynchronous systems So reactive as many many facets and the main three ones are reactive systems on one side, which is Well, let's say distributed system done right to build responsive distributed system based on a synchronous message basing and elasticity and resilience But implementing such kind of system can be hard So we have reactive programming that will help you to build such kind of system at the core lever How do you develop it on a daily basis? how do you manage all this stuff and reactive streams is actually very important when you have streams because When you have something in your stream process that can't keep up You need to slow down the world chain and not just an previous one, but the whole chain and it's all Our reactive streams can help you to build that but again if you are using a modern reactive programming library No problem because it's hidden for you You don't have to do anything. You are just using flow flowable depending if you use vector or Java 2 and you're done That's all I have if you're interested to go a bit deeper about vertex and about Reactive and microservices. We published this book a couple of months ago You can download it for free from this link here or from this link here if you want to scan it Well, I'm joy and if you have any question, I don't know it was come on That's awesome We do have a couple questions for you though at least one that I think is super important because it comes up all the time And that's related to back pressure So is for instance in your last chart there is back pressure specific to reactive streams or can I implement back pressure and see it in other ways So that's actually a very interesting question And if we can't discuss today like like that if I can present it's because there is back pressure in the wire TCP which is the protocol implementing internet today has actually back pressure and So by pressure is not a new thing and that is since the beginning of computer systems and network systems Back pressure is a software way Reactive streams is a software approach to deal with non-blocking back pressure But there is many many other model typically in vertex We have to we have reactive streams and we have another model based on a pause and resume So when you're full you pause the stream Continue processing and when you're back on track, you just resume the stream So you can you can implement back pressure differently Very different way, but and I think that's probably a key point You have to have back pressure support both at the consumer level and and producer level if the producer Doesn't care about your back pressure. It will just ignore the message. Yeah, please slow down. Please stop and actually today In there is one way the most common way to deal with with by pressure is to use Kafka Kafka as an Unlimited buffer or unbounded buffer where you've write her with right inside and you consume her with consume the data at their own pace So it's kind of a back pressure protocol just using an Unbounded buffer in the middle name Kafka Yeah, I love that point and your demo by the way is totally awesome I love how you can see where an event happening in one part of the system is immediately visible throughout the rest of the system It feels like the nervous system of the body human body kind of thing, right? The event may immediately bribles out. Your body is reacting to stimuli my system react to stimuli of the same thing We're just mimicking the biological world Okay, well, that's all the time we have for today. We always like to keep these things short I thank you guys all so much for showing up today as you saw in the chat if you're participating in the chat We have people from all over the globe and that's absolutely amazing That's certainly why we do this to make sure that this kind of content this kind of valuable Information coming from come on today can get out to the world at large And so thank you guys so much Please feel free to download those books check out the recording here on YouTube If you have any questions or concerns hit come on or myself up on Twitter or feel free to email us back on the same email You got from us when it Alerted you to this session. So thank you for participating in Dev Nation live today come on. Thank you. Yeah. Thank you very much


How many reviews do your books really need? In this video we're gonna be answering exactly that question based off of tons of data and statistics so that we can know exactly how many reviews we need on our books to get consistent sales for a long time. Now the numbers and statistics that we're going to be looking at are from a study done by Northwestern University where they looked at buyer psychology and consumer behavior when relating to reviews. So there's a lot of takeaways and in this video we want to also talk about our five biggest takeaways from that study that was done on over 13,000 different products with over 120,000 different reviews so that everything we talked about in this video can be backed up with 99% certainty because of the massive sample size. So that's the great thing about it. This is backed up by science and numbers and statistics. So we're going to hop into the computer and look at this study in depth and share with you guys the five biggest takeaways that we can take from this study and put into our own publishing businesses. Yes. So what's some cool transition we can go into the computer? Here we are looking at the research study done by the Spiegel Research Center where they did a massive study looking at how online reviews influence sales. And then it says the evidence of the power of online reviews to shape customer behavior. First let's just browse over real quick. It is a 20 page document. Now we won't read it. We will link it down below if you would like to read it for yourself but we will give you the condensed version of the important points. So the first takeaway we have which might be an obvious one but now we have statistics to back it up and that is that reviews matter a lot. They're extremely long especially when it comes to selling your paperback books because they have a greater influence on higher price items as opposed to a three dollar e-book. Customers will not look at reviews as much or take them as heavily if it's a lower price item. They're much more influential on a $20 paperback book. So the study actually starts off by stating the fact that nearly 95% of shoppers read online reviews before making a purchase. So if you have negative reviews or no reviews on your book that's obviously going to hurt your conversions massively. And the only thing we care about on our product page is having a high conversion rate. So that's why reviews matter because it is the biggest conversion booster for your products or in this case four-hour books.  So yes for the conversion rate when they land on the sales page for your book or the product page but also for the click-through rate when they see your book amongst the amazon search results. Right because you can see the reviews on a book before you even click on it. So it's the biggest booster for click-through rate and conversion rate. Which are the two things that matter. And the high click-through rate and conversion rate is especially important when you're running ads to your books. Because you're paying money for people to see your book. So you better make sure that it's converting and you're actually making money from those ads. Now watch our most recent video before this one where we talk all about ads. So that's a great video. We'll link it up here in the cards. A tie? A card. Yeah a card. So you can watch that video later after you watch this one. Takeaway number two that we took from this study which was actually mind-blowing to me and very surprising. I'll just read it straight from the from the screen. It says across product categories we found that purchase likelihood typically peaks at ratings in the 4.0 to 4.7 range and then begins to decrease as the ratings approach 5.0. Put differently products with an average star rating in the 4.7 to 5.0 range are less likely to be purchased than those in the 4.2 to 4.7 range. Less likely. So basically in the consumer's eyes 5 star rating is deemed as too good to be true. So there is a tipping point where better reviews are actually hurting you. That's insane. I think it comes to the point where like they just don't trust the review. I think trust is the number one factor when it comes to buying anything. Yeah yeah exactly. You need to trust what you're buying. So that's probably come from just online business in general where fake reviews is a real thing and consumers know that. So the sweet spot is between 4.0 and 4.7 rating. So if you get negative reviews embrace a few of them. Obviously don't go seeking after them but if you have 105.0 and no bad ratings a few bad ones will literally boost your conversion. Which is mind blowing to me. So that was a huge takeaway from this. Still continue to chase the five star ratings because believe me the one stars will come in the room. They will even if you have the best book ever they will come. The third takeaway from this study is that follow-up emails are the most powerful way of gathering reviews for your books. Therefore you have to have an email list but let's read straight what it says here in the study. So here it says prior research from power reviews shows that up to 80% of reviews originate from follow-up emails urging shoppers to review their purchases. So with that here's the deal with reviews. People don't mind leaving reviews it's not like a big a big deal it could take literally like 60 seconds. People just won't do it unless they're asked. Like if you just poke someone and ask them hey can you kindly leave a short review on my book they will gladly do it. And that's what you should be doing in your follow-up sequences and this is what we've really started to implement into our publishing businesses recently and what we advise everyone else do as well. So set up email marketing in your publishing business set up an automated sequence of maybe like five emails just every few days asking for a review on your book just hey how'd you like the book can you please leave a review and give me your feedback and what you thought of it. Email marketing really is the one and only truly tested and consistent way of gathering reviews for your books. I mean that you really have no choice but to collect readers emails and follow up with them to ask for the review afterwards. Now setting up this kind what we call an automated review system that is what we call our email automation setup that's really exactly what it is it's all automated and it's a lot easier to set up than people think. Now it can be complicated depending who's teaching you but if we were to show you how to do it it's actually a lot simpler than you realize and it's by far the most effective method of getting reviews so it is definitely a must in your publishing business. Now I do want to make another video going more in depth about that definitely. Say that for another time we can make a whole video talking about email follow-up for your publishing business with the objective of getting reviews and this is also one of the biggest focuses that we've put on inside of AA2.0 and that is the whole email marketing side things we're gathering reviews like we've mastered the process seriously to the point where gaining reviews which I think was a big problem for us at least and most people in the community the entire community the big problem for them and like not knowing what to do I think we've completely solved that problem. Let's move on to the next point now the fourth takeaway from this this kind of relates to the follow-up emails that you want to implement and that is to get the most out of your follow-up emails you need to streamline the process of getting your reviews or asking for your reviews so I'll read what it says here on screen make the process of posting a review as simple as possible by allowing shoppers to submit reviews with just a few clicks. Now how you do that instead of in your emails you say hey go to Amazon find my book and leave a review some people do that that is not effective that's asking for too much that might take people like more time that they want to give you the next best thing you can do is send a link directly to your book but a lot of people don't know you can take it a step further and you can send them a direct review link so that when they click on this link they go directly to a review page for your specific book so like the typing is ready to be done right when they click on it they can just write a sentence I love this book thank you I learned a lot submit within 30 seconds they left a review this could literally I don't want the stats aren't here to prove it but it could probably literally double your review conversion rate when asking for it in your email if not more but that is a perfect example of streamlining the review process or asking for the review I could just put myself in the shoes of the reader now and if you're trying to spend 10 minutes to write a review for you and find it let them know this won't take more than 30 seconds just click here and you're ready to go so the final takeaway we want to take from this study and is also the biggest one and it's answering the question that we asked in the beginning of the video which is how many reviews do your books really need and this study says that initial reviews have the greatest impact so let's just read straight what it says based on our research we found that nearly all of the increase in purchase likelihood occurs within the first 10 reviews and the first five reviews drive the bulk of that increase and you can also see the graph here on the right hand side for both the low price and high price items all of the increase in purchase likelihood happens within the first 10 reviews and the bulk of that purchase likelihood happens within the first five but within the first 10 reviews you've done 90 percent of the increase you can in conversions but after 10 reviews you're going to experience a ton of diminishing returns on those reviews so with that said i just want to say that once your books reach 10 reviews i do not think you should worry about gathering more reviews now still try to get more but do not make it a focus anymore because that's not the reason why your book isn't selling if it's not it's not worth your time once you have 10 you are set and the last thing i want to show you here about that so let's take a straight from the screen having five reviews causes purchase likelihood to increase by a factor of nearly 4x so that's just from five reviews that's insane yeah so it's 50 reviews better than five or ten yes obviously but the difference between 10 and 50 reviews is minimal compared to the work you'd have to put into it so folks are getting 10 initial reviews then after that just let it sit gather organic reviews gather reviews from your automated review system which is where every purchase you make you're going to try and collect your email and then simply ask for a review so you will still gain reviews over time but once you have 10 don't worry about it you're set you are set that is all you need to make a ton of consistent sales for literally years so with all that said that is our five biggest takeaways from this study done on online reviews now i do want to say something real quick before we end the video and that's just a little bit about a promo that we have running and that is that a2.0 is about 85-90% complete but we're still about a month maybe over a month away from launching we are still accepting beta testers and we've opened that of course to a 1.0 students so if you're interested in getting access to 2.0 right now link in the description to audiobook income academy that's all we have to say magic emoji of the video is the pet in paper look at the views na na na na that's it comment like subscribe to the smokey out see you guys in next video let me know what kind of videos you want to see yeah check out all the other videos on our channel for the best publishing videos on the internet that's basically what there is to say in this video


Hello David Diga Hernandez here and welcome to Spirit Church today. We have a guest with us pastor David Harabidi and a friend of mine You're not gonna want to miss this broadcast. It's got an amazing teaching ministry amazing testimony I don't know which direction he's headed and it could be prophetic. It could be healing a Multi-faceted anointing is on this man's life So you're gonna want to stick around to find out which direction we head for now Steven Moctezuma is gonna lead us in some worship Wherever you're at just begin to praise him and thank him father. We thank you Jesus. We praise you God We love you God Father we love you Jesus Presence there's nothing worth more That could ever come close Nothing can compare You're our living Your presence Sing I've tasted and seen I've tasted and seen Of the sweetest of love When my heart becomes free And my chains are Your presence Are we just saying Holy Spirit?  Thank him Father we thank you God Gloria you Let us be young More aware of you Let us experience the Gloria become Let us experience Gloria you're good So I pray that today As you worship the Lord and as you saying that from your heart that everything within you Crying out for the presence of the Holy Spirit Everything that was within you that was longing for the depths The things of God that was thirsting for the presence of Jesus that today you would be filled But today as you watch this broadcast as you join us here for spirit church That God would give you the desires of your heart and that the desires of your heart would be him so as I said I have a very special guest with me here today and I'm very excited because we don't know which direction this is going to go because My guest is gifted in many different areas and we've met Before I introduce you to help me out here. How how how many how long ago did we meet? It's about two years Was it two years ago? We met through a mutual friend Prophet Rob Sanchez Cali Lorke and actually Cali Lorke if for those those of you who Remember us from back when we were on charter, which was like six years ago. Kelly Lorke was my first guest ever On encounter TV, and then they know Prophet Rob viewers no Prophet Rob, but Pastor David Harribedian Welcome to the program sir. Thank you Diga. I'm excited.  She's watching. She's sitting there with my wife They're both watching and we're both Newly married since you were married how long ago now November 9th Wow, so about seven months pretty exciting and I had the privilege of Seeing you get married. Thank you. It was good to have you there And so I'm glad that you're here today and so As I was telling you this man is gifted prophetically the gift of healing I mean I've seen the Lord move through one of the things I've always appreciated by your ministry was how you're just so open to the move of the Holy Spirit Your teaching is amazing. Your story is amazing. So I just told you when you got here It's a free flow take it where you want it to go. It's all yours Amen Well, I think what I I want to share today is you know My own spiritual formation because everybody has a story. There are many ways to Jesus but Jesus is the only way to the Father and Everybody comes to the Lord in a different way and hearing this story. I'm sensing the Lord is going to encourage mothers For wayward sons and daughters right now My mother raised me in church. My father raised me in church But it didn't move me at the time There wasn't enough of the moving of the Holy Spirit in the public setting and so the gifts that God Implants in our children It's important that we nurture those gifts because if we don't nurture them and develop them and celebrate them What happens is the children will go to the world where somebody will celebrate what they have and there was a young man and he was about eight years old this story goes and he his father and mother came home one day and His brother had been babysitting him the older brother and and had left him to his own devices long story short The young boy came out and he had the skateboard and this skateboard had some kind of rough wheels on it And it was a piece of wood that was a little rough But he had put this skateboard together and the father was amazed He's like where did you get this skateboard? I made it? I made it in the garage and the father looked at it and he says was a little rough But oh my gosh eight years old to make a skateboard like this and the father went in And he looked and there was a hole in the side of the garage where there was a piece of wood missing And it was the size of the skateboard top now the father had an opportunity right there To chastise this son or to celebrate his son's carpentry gift and his creativity gift and The father looked and he said son. I'm amazed at what you've done at eight years old. You have a tremendous Gift that's brewing. I tell you what why don't we go to the lumber yard and Let's get some wood and we're gonna do a father son project together and the first project We're gonna do is repair the garage In life, there are so many things that our children might do That we want to rebuke them for Chastise them for because what they've done may appear to be wrong when in reality their gift is Starting to develop But it just needs some guidance and so I had gifts as a child I was a dreamer very accurate prophetic dreams and there was nobody that really was able to guide me or develop that Gift and nurture that and celebrate that so I ran into some things as a child where I was like Joseph a dreamer that shared my dreams and instead of being celebrated and nurtured and guided in the prophetic I Was called dreamer and rebuked and there's some stories behind that we won't go in that tonight, but The bottom line is I went the wrong path and I went from being raised in church being raised with right morals and standards and I went to the world to develop my gifts and not into the church and so we want to celebrate our Children and their gifts even if we don't recognize them John and Paula Sanford had pastored about 150 churches at the time of their When this happened and they were bishops and they were great men and women of God and their children ended up Getting into a rock band. Well in that time, you know, 30 years ago for children to be in a rock band when parents are pastoring churches is A little bit of a disconnect and the Heavenly Father spoke to John Sanford who wrote the Elijah task and he said this He said Encourage them in their gifts. Trust me. So the father ended up having to go to the children's Rock band concerts and this and that in high school. This ended up winning state and eventually each one of those children got right with God and Everything they learned in the rock band world that they were interested in then God Flipped working all things together for good for those that love him that are called according to his purpose as Romans 828 says and every one of those children is now a pastor or a worship leader Leading people into the presence of God. So celebrate your children's gifts Now this is what happened to me I Had an entrepreneurial gift and the entrepreneurial gift caused me to want to go make money and to build things and What happened was the enemy began to tempt me in ways to make extra curricular income So being raised right not drinking not smoking not chewing not going with girls who do One thing led to another the allurement for me was the gift of the entrepreneur in me one thing led to another and I was offered the entrepreneurial opportunity To sell drugs and so it started off I sold my first two grams of cocaine at age 19 while I was in college and A guy pulled up in a red Corvette brand new handed me two crisp $100 bills to Chris Benjamin's and I handed him two little small packets He tested it he thanked me and he drove off and I looked at those and I thought that took two minutes Well that went from two grams To beginning to buy more and more and the next thing you know like a lobster that was cooked in cold water And the heat was slowly turned up It became boiling water and the next thing I know I'm arrested with a stolen jet airplane in Boca Raton, Florida with a Mercedes Benz and a bag of cash and We had stolen another plane the month before out of a James Bond movie or something It was it's pretty crazy to look back on it and to think that Raised in a small town in Warnsburg, Missouri 13,000 people my dad was a college professor and To go from that to the international cocaine trafficking world stealing jets for the Kali cartel moving multi-kilogram quantities of cocaine and To be arrested in that situation and to end up a day where you think it's just another deal when in reality, it was my last deal and When I got arrested with a stolen jet of Mercedes Benz and a bag of cash, I went to jail I went directly to jail. I didn't pass go I didn't collect $200 and I spent the next 19 years six weeks a month and a day in federal prison But I had a praying mother The power of a praying mother is greater than any devil greater than any temptation and God will answer a mother's prayers as she perpetually Pounds Heaven's door like the impetunate widow in Luke 18 She went before a wicked judge now our God is not wicked He's merciful and he's loving but Jesus gives this parable in Luke 18 that men ought to pray and not give up There was a persistent widow That went before a wicked judge who feared not God nor regarded man, but because of her continual perpetual persistent coming He eventually avenged her of her adversary How much more will your heavenly father Do for you and behalf of your children if you pray and do not give up the word Ask and it will be given to you seek and you will find knock and the door will be open to you in Matthew chapter 7 Versus 7 and 8 the word ask seek and knock tie in with the parable of the persistent widow in Luke 18 1311 and here's what it says it says ask and it will be given but in the original Greek language The word ask is in the present imperative tense. That's a command to do something now With a constant repeated action in the future until the desired result is achieved So this word ask and it will be given seek and you will find knock and the door will be open is really this and The original Greek language that the New Testament has written him ask and keep on asking and it will be given seek and Keep on seeking and you will find knock and Keep on knocking And the door will be opened on you for all that ask and keep on asking receive all who seek and Keep on seeking will find all who knock and keep on knocking like the persistent widow The door will be opened unto them that regards healing deliverance financial breakthrough Marital restoration.  I Want you to talk to you though? the parent Who has been persistent and they say I've been praying Pastor David? I've been doing what you've been saying to do But I'm not seeing any results. What do you say to them? That is a great question Let me share with you a story about an elm tree seed in Missouri We have elm trees and they had these little flat seeds and they look like next to nothing It's not like an acorn that produces an oak tree that if you step on it you you can twist your foot These elm tree seeds are flat and they fly down off the tree And they will gather hundreds of them in a crack in a sidewalk Well, nobody pays attention to them because the wind will blow them away, but here's what happened when I was a child I noticed that one of the elm tree seeds had gotten into the crack in the sidewalk and a little Tree started to sprout from this little bitty elm tree seed and it started to sprout Upward just a little bit. Well, nobody did anything to the elm tree seed and nobody did anything to that elm trees It started to grow up a few years later The sidewalk where the crack was began to buckle and it broke open The sidewalk and it buckled up and it got to the point to where people had to drive their bike around the tree and People had to walk around the tree because that little bitty elm seed got into the crack laid root and Stretched it out and pulled the water in and it broke through the cement And it grew strong and today that elm tree that elm tree is still there Wow So your prayers and the words that you speak to your children are like those elm Seeds that go into the crevice and the crack of their stony heart and trust me the word of God is at work and at due time it will break out from the inside and Grow the tree of life Within them of salvation. I saw more people come to Christ while I was incarcerated Because of a song that was sang to them by a grandmother when that child was bounced on the knee Wow, I saw more people come to Christ because somebody shared a verse with them over the phone or in a letter or Gave a life first or put it on the wall in their house or on the refrigerator I saw more people come to Christ off a little snippet of scripture because that's how powerful the infallible unfailing unavoidable achievable word of God is when we send it forth under the anointing and then we add prayer to it it Causes God's word to go forth and not to return void But to accomplish that which it's been sent forth to do I want to encourage mothers and fathers I want to encourage also today children whose parents are prodigals.  He's the God that transforms us from grace to grace Glory to glory Faith to faith and he causes the path to grow brighter and brighter as we behold His face and you are a product of the power of prayer So we got about one minute here that went quickly Wow, but I want you to look into that camera And I want you to say a prayer first of all for the One who was praying persistently for a prodigal and second for that prodigal that wants to come home Lord I do pray as One who was a prodigal who was wayward and now I pray for those that are wayward the scripture that comes to mind is out of the book of Malachi that there was a Book of remembrance written. I want you to call out the name of your loved one or Loved ones right now and God's gonna write them in his book And he's gonna release angels and put people on assignment into their paths That they'll hear the gospel and the gospel that you've shared with them will come under remembrance It will lay hold and spring forth as salvation So we declare and decree household salvation in accordance with Proverbs 1631 believe on the Lord Jesus Christ Yee and your whole household shall be saved. We release the gospel nets to bring them into the kingdom for salvation in Jesus Mighty name begin to praise him because it's already done. Well, I pray that you were encouraged by that Thank You pastor David for for joining us for here for spirit church now How what are you doing and how do we get involved with helping what you're doing? We have leather-bound Bibles We have different Bibles that we provide to prisoners we provide Bibles to prisoners in about 1,288 facilities right now 1,200 facilities. Yeah prison facilities So here's a sample of one of our Bibles that we provide to the prisoners That's that's not one of those. That's like a solid leather-bound Bible. Yeah, this one happens to be a leather-bound This is a broadman and Holman King James study Bible This is an NIV case for Christ study Bible and these are a couple of thousand pages a lot of them have words of Christ in red and This is the full Bible. It's a study Bible in prison. What happens is there's approximately 22 different religions that are authorized paid for by the tax dollars and there's two Christian religions one is Protestantism and Catholicism and both of those contain a biblical Jesus But the other 20 religions don't so when a prisoner comes to Christ if they don't have the word of God With study helps on all the doctrines of Christ They get tossed to and fro by every wind of doctrine and the cunning craftiness of men So all of our Bibles contain the central first Corinthians 15 essential truths the deity of Christ the importance of the baptism in the spirit the importance of the dictates the Central things of the word of God foundations of the faith and it gets them into the faith Then the Holy Spirit comes and teaches them So we've been doing this for 20 years So you've been doing this for 20 years you get and you you you're a ministry that gets these Well, one of the ministries you have is a ministry that gets the Bibles to prisoners And I love the response that you had and somebody said well, why don't you just give them paperbacks and you said The reason we give first quality study Bibles to the prisoners is simply this the difference between a Prisoner who got on a Bible waiting list and Waited up to two years to get their Bible in the mail Versus the average Christian in a Westernized church in America is simply this The prisoner takes time to read theirs So a six month paperback is all it will last and the covers will tear off I know that's how long mine lasted before somebody sent me one, but a leather-bound study Bible like this I had this cover made While I was in prison for heart of America for how many years the date on this one is 1995 right January 31st 1995 20 years I've had this Bible and a prisoner will spend three four five hours a day in the Bible How many hours did you spend do you think in prison reading the Bible? I calculated it one day if at four hours a day five days a week That's 20 hours a week two thousand hours. I think it's about 20,000 hours in the word so the difference between and I love that because someone who asked the question Exposes that they probably don't read the Bible themselves because theirs isn't falling apart But so yeah, so that's why they send them quality Bibles. This isn't I mean there's no profit here It's not like they're making a back-end. I mean I've checked it out myself It's not like they're making a back-end deal on and they're making profit overhand This is simply the money goes straight to the Bible and the shipping and it gets out to the prison They get they worked out a deal with the people who make the Bibles and so $20 gets a Bible $5 gets that Bible shipped $25 puts a Bible in the hand of a prisoner and they have different options stuff So we will provide we can provide video links and all that To that so thank you so much again. Make sure you get involved help this man He has a heart for prison ministries and and people in prison. So help out their Their cause and what they're doing they're getting involved with that And I think you'll be blessed to see the results. So thank you again Anything else you want to say before we we say goodbye one final statistic? When a male authority in the house gets born again, there's an 83 percentile chance at the whole household will be saved When the mother of the house gets born again, there's a 17 percent chance of household salvation When a child gets born again, there's a 4 percent chance of household salvation Male authorities in prison. There's 2 million of them in America Most of them represent more than one household when they get genuinely born again and on fire for God their whole household comes to Christ they get an alignment with God in vertical relationship and then they get in Horizontal relationship across the earth with their family and friends and that's where the cross is at. I love it So get behind it until next time remember nothing is impossible with God