What's good Joshua Ross back again with another video. So we're going to check out 10 WrestleMania moments. WWE doesn't want you to see this is going to be a good one. There are some moments in WrestleMania and that WWE tries to erase or sweep under the rug. And even outside of WrestleMania moments, sometimes on regular live television, there's some things that happened that you were like, whoa. A noticeable one obviously is the Mickie James, Trish Stratus match and Mickie James going a little bit off script and using her tongue in a very suggestive manner, which was also great to see as a growing young man. So we're going to check this out. Appreciate all the love and support on the channel. Still under the weather, but I'm getting a little bit better. And let's get right into this video. You've heard it a million times. WrestleMania is the grandest stage in the mall, the biggest show of the year. Heck, the WWE Scooby-Doo movie even compared WrestleMania to Christmas. We can't cancel WrestleMania. That's like canceling Christmas. When it comes to WrestleMania, there's a lot of moments that WWE wants you to remember. Daniel Bryan winning the world title, John Cena beating JBL and many more. While there's hundreds of iconic moments WWE is glad to show you, there are also some moments that they want you to totally forget. Yes, sir. Everyone took it a step further and have erased these moments from history. Number one, a fan jumps the barricade and starts taking off his clothes. Arguably one of the greatest WrestleMania matches was at WrestleMania 23, when Shawn Michaels and John Cena went one on one. Every fan, both in attendance and watching at home, just wanted to sit back and watch these two phenomenal stars do what they do. That is, except for one guy. Right before the match started, a fan sitting near the front row got over the barricade to begin taking off his clothes. The intruder even made it into the ring, but security got to him pretty quick. This was, of course, removed from all future versions of WrestleMania 23. Oh, damn. That's crazy. And I remember... I think I ended up watching WrestleMania 23 after that happened. So I'm sure they probably had cut it out, but I didn't get a chance to watch it live or whatnot. So that's crazy. The funniest part, though, was when Shawn Michaels began waving at the fan and taking it away. Wow, I didn't know that. There are plenty of Roddy Piper moments that WWE are happy to remind you of. However, there's one that's getting erased. At WrestleMania 6, Piper took on Bad News Brown. Presumably to get more heat, Roddy Piper painted his body half black for the match. Due to this being a very controversial moment in WrestleMania history, Piper Brown's match, as well as the pre-match interview, have been removed from the version of WrestleMania 6 on WWE Network and on Peacock. What's waiting for you to do another part of your face, your mouth? Wow. Oh, this is the one right here. The match is going pretty well and the crowd was into it. After wrestling for several minutes, James decided to ad-lib and made a gesture with her hands in a ton. While it was crude, Mickey felt it fit with the storyline of the match. The match is going pretty well and Mickey felt it fit with the storyline of her being a Psycho Tristratus fan and keep in mind, WWE was still TV 14 at the time. However, this became a very infamous moment and was removed from all future releases of WrestleMania 22. Oh, they should have kept it. It was so great to watch that growing up. And then you get backstage. What happens then? Not good. It was not good at all. I got yelled at. He was like, oh my God. He's like, we have to edit this out of everything. And I'm like, oh no. Number four, Chris Jericho gives the finger. WrestleMania 19 is one of the greatest WrestleMania's of all time. Part of the reason was because it featured the return of Shawn Michaels on the grandest stage of the mall. The heartbreak kid hadn't wrestled a match at WrestleMania in five years, so it was exciting seeing him compete again. Michael's opponent was Chris Jericho, who was the heel of the ring. Fitting that role, why did you decide to flip Shawn Michaels off during the match? This doesn't seem too bad. Stone Cold even did it later that same night. For whatever reason, though, in the DVD and WWE Network versions of WrestleMania 19, WWE cuts away before Chris Jericho comes in. However, Jim Ross and Jerry Lawlert still react to it on commentary. It's on your plate. I'm match up. Oh, please. I'm a man. I saw it. Paul Orendorf makes a racist gesture. In the opening match of WrestleMania 2, Mr. Wonderful Paul Orendorf took on the magnificent Morocco, who was being managed by Mr. Fuji. During the match, Orendorf body slammed Morocco, which got a big pop from the crowd. Mr. Wonderful then made a slanty eye gesture towards Mr. Fuji, followed by the Italian salute. When the match appeared on the WWE Network, this is added out so that Paul Orendorf's actions wouldn't be seen. Oh, damn. Michael Cole accidentally That definitely is a a racist type gesture. He spoils the main event. Everyone makes mistakes, but WrestleMania 15, Michael Cole made a pretty big one. As the Hell in the Cell was lowering for Undertaker and Big Bossman's match, Michael Cole was promoting the post WrestleMania show on the home shopping network. Orendorf accidentally gave away the winner of the main event when he said this. On the home shopping network, it's the show after the show. Post game comments will hear from the new WWE Champion. You'll have a chance to buy some exclusive The issue was that the WWE Championship match hadn't happened yet. By saying the new WWE Champion, it let fans know the Rock was going to be losing the title that Steve Austin later that night, which is what happened. Of course, this bit was removed from the versions of WrestleMania 15. I wonder how Vince McMahon reacted when he heard Michael Cole say this.  But, hey, that was a young Michael Cole. He is pretty much grown like perfectly into the role he is in now, like as the lead commentator, man. I know we give Michael Cole a lot of flack for you know, some of his cringe commentary and I'm sure a lot of that has a lot to do with what Vince and everyone else in the back is telling them to say it in his ear. But at the same time, we can I can't appreciate what he has done and what he continues to bring on the WWE commentary team. Number seven, the DX band performed America the Beautiful. WrestleMania has featured many singers and musicals performing America the Beautiful to begin the show. WWE is proud to show you all these performances except for one. At WrestleMania 14, WWE did something a bit different and had the DX band perform an alternative version of America the Beautiful. The performance was booed instantly and it's not hard to understand why. The DX band's rendition of the song was so awful that it was only shown on the live pay-per-view and never again. Number eight, why? Who thought that was a good idea to have them oh my god. Eight, Jack Swagger's briefcase troubles. WrestleMania 26 was the last time a Money in the Bank ladder match took place at the grandest stage. I miss Money in the Bank ladder matches at WrestleMania. That needs to be a thing. The pay-per-views is cool but I get it they have the women's Money in the Bank ladder match now so they have to have a pay-per-view for it now so it works in that sense but I do miss it just being exclusively to WrestleMania. It was the one match you was looking forward to seeing a lot of times. This stage for them all. The wrestling involved definitely went all out too. The match was filled with some really cool moments. Some that may have even made it into our top 50 OMG WrestleMania moments. While WWE wants you to remember those, there's one moment they have erased. When the winner of the match Jack Swagger went to grab the briefcase he had some trouble pulling it down. If you watch it on the WWE Network or the DVD release, it looks like he pulled it down pretty fast. However, if you see the live version it takes the all-American-American roughly 15 seconds to get the briefcase off the hook. Number nine the WrestleMania kickoff panel buries the word Diva. WrestleMania 32 was a huge event for many reasons. One of them was that the Divas title was retired and the women's championship was introduced. This also marked the end of the term Divas in WWE and female wrestlers would now be referred to as Superstars. The kickoff panel reacted to the announcement and nothing seemed that controversial. However after the event, the panel's reaction was removed from the WWE Network version of the kickoff show. The only guess is that Renee Young sort of attacked the term Diva and WWE might have felt like it made them look bad. To be WWE Superstar getting rid of that Diva acronym and now just having that women's championship. Number 10 which was needed. Them getting rid of the Diva term they had to bro. It doesn't give you that sense of like equality like their Divas you know what I'm saying we're not supposed to take them seriously at least now we're supposed to take them seriously you know I just wish they were booked better like the whole women's division needs to be booked a little bit better in a sense of more women should be I guess pushed into forefront other than the same 3 to 4 women you know what I'm saying so hopefully they can continue to expound up upon that but yeah them getting rid of the Divas movement and all that stuff Divas stuff that was the best thing they could have did for the women's division. Benoit of course Chris Benoit in general is someone WWE usually doesn't associate with due to his murder suicide in 2007 there's plenty of moments WWE has ignored or completely removed involving Benoit and WrestleMania is no different while Benoit's WrestleMania matches are available to watch in the WWE Network and were included on DVD re-releases WWE has erased the Canadian Crippler in other places when WWE released a series of videos on their YouTube channel for WrestleMania in 60 seconds Benoit's matches were completely skipped over on their website WWE has released photo galleries of every WrestleMania but they do not include any pictures from Chris Benoit's matches even when he was in the main event of WrestleMania 20 in 2014 a DVD was released featuring every match Shawn Michaels had at WrestleMania every match except the one he had with Chris Benoit in Triple H in 2004 speaking of which WWE used the picture of Eddie Guerrero and Benoit celebrating their world titles in a promotional piece and Benoit was literally erased from the image any moments we missed let us know by leaving a comment yeah man it's one of those type of things where I I get it because of just the heinous act that happened they can't you know what I'm saying I know they still have certain Benoit clips and stuff like that on WWE Network or on Peacock and stuff but they can't they can't bro they can't just actively put that out there you feel me only because of just how that situation ended bro it was tragic all around and you know they can't it's hard to glorify somebody who did something so heinous in their last minutes of life bro you know what I'm saying it's it's hard that's why he'll never be put into the WWE all the time he can't there's no bro you can't you can't glorify that no matter how messed up he was you know he was mentally you can't he killed himself he killed people he cared about family members like his look people he you know he loved like that's that's a that's a tricky one man so it's understandable for WWE to do that man but I already know what's my favorite moment from this video I don't even think I have to tell y'all y'all know what y'all know what my favorite moment is if you know what my favorite moment from this video is just put it down in the comment section below I don't even have to say anything but I appreciate all the love and support on this channel man Road to ADK I appreciate y'all kicking in with me when I see y'all on the next one peace


Morning class today. We're going to have a look at black. This is a Mars black. This is a pre-mix black And it's very opaque you can see here on the color swatch that it's Completely covered over the lines that are usually under a paint tube so you can judge its opacity If you look here, you can see The black lines are showing through but on the pre-mix Mars black is completely obliterates them to give you a quick Idea of its undertone. We'll add a little bit of white And when you're mixing black you only a very small amount Compared to the other color that you're using or the other paint you're using Okay, we can see that's quite a nice neutral quite a nice neutral gray on that This could be very useful to tone down your paintings daily scale them going too muddy It only goes too muddy if you start to add in too much black as in if you started to add in too much of Any dark color to your mixes You could also make blacks by mixing other colors. So we'll start with ultramarine blue and burnt umber When you're mixing the black between these two you always need more of the blue than you do of the burnt umber so we start with say Now what's that two to one? That's a bit more like two to one So when I compare those two I can still see that the underlying blue in this one compared to The black black of that so I'll add a bit more of the burnt umber and that's about as black as we can go with these pre-mix colors Just to show you its undertone Insularly see that that one's a lot bluer Of course What's nice about this is that you could use warm and cool colors which are often very effective in your paintings So if I add some more of the burnt umber into this and then a bit of the white You see it has more of a a neutral tone to it. In fact, it's even warmer than that initial black. So you can Yeah, maybe add a bit more of that if you want, you know to try and get a Tone that's very very close to this one above if you want to still just use a blue and a brown You can go one stage further and use Prussian blue Prussian blue is a pre-mix blue and it's actually made from a combination of like sorrow blue and Black in it if you look on the label of the of the color If you can see that there on here It says it's got carbonized bones in it and it's got the real thing to look out for is PB If anything says PB it means that it's got the pigment of black in the paint It's definitely closer in terms of its blackness in comparison to this one You see how much more blue and undertone this has compared to this black here, which is a lot more neutral Again, you can try to neutralize it when you're mixing by just putting a bit more of the burnt umber into it You see how that is? Definitely closer to this color here. It's a bit greenier though than this one You can also mix Prussian blue with other earth colors such as burnt sienna burnt umber or umber And you'll also get you know a color pretty close to black. So this is some Prussian blue with a bit of burnt sienna So the neutralizing effects of having the blue and the orange, you know because they're complementary colors That's what helps to get you this dark color I mean considering how warm this is and it still looks quite a brownie base It's quite surprising how blue the undertone is


Welcome back fellow techies to our latest tutorial video, I am The Technician Project and today's tutorial is going to show you some keyboard shortcuts to zoom in, out and around Audacity. So we're in Audacity right now and we have an audio track inserted in. We're not going to be playing the audio track, we're just going to be zooming in and out. So the first one is to zoom in which is command 1 so we're zooming in there. The second function is zoom normal which is command 2. This brings the audio file into the normal zooming level of the project. Command 3 will zoom out as you can see it's making it smaller. Zoom to select is command E so we need to select our file as it appeared then. So select all is command A. To zoom to selection is command E and we're going to finally is zoom toggle. Zoom toggle is shift Z so we toggle between different zooming functions by pressing shift and Z. Thanks for watching. Don't forget to like the video if you enjoyed it and subscribe for more and also ding dong that notification bell to get further updates. Thanks again, goodbye.


First topic, NBA 2K18 is the worst 2K of all time. No, yeah. Alright, next one. Topic number two, 2K16 is the greatest 2K of all time. I need to talk to you. Uh-oh. What's your favorite 2K? Favorite 2K? Yeah. I'm gonna have to go with 15. I disagree with your opinion, cause... 16 was fun, but I just felt like it wasn't like... It wasn't like, it's fun, it's 15. Even though 15 had the demigods and all that running around the park, it was fun, cause it was like, it was lit. You also said that? This guy right here. Okay, 16 is the best 2K, but I agree 15 was more fun. That's a fact. Is that cap, or is that true? That's true. That's true. This guy made the game fun. Okay, a lot of the time, the reason the game is so fun is because it might be one of your first ones. And in the case of 15, it was the second year they had the park.  And my team was dope, of course. But the gameplay on 16 is unparalleled. Yo, in 2K15, if you got mad, you could literally just run behind the court and just launch it at the back court and it would get stuck for 15 minutes. Not only in 16 did Pro-Am get introduced, which I thought was the most fun year of Pro-Am. Hey, cut that out, all right? But park was really fun. They had those new parks in like 17. Play Now was fun. That was the year I played my team. My team was in its prime back then. So in my opinion, it's not even close. And I feel like that's the only game that challenges 11. All right, this guy's bringing up patches. Do you see this right here? Let's go in a circle. I wanna see you guys play with 2Ks. Mine is 16, clearly. 14. 17. 14. 18. 16. OK, OK. What about you? 16, bro. 16. You guys want to say 16? Timeout. Fax, he's being unhealthy. My opinion matters. No, it doesn't. We have timeout. That's a fact. Is anyone here a stretch bag? Go home. At least half of the people have a stretch bag. We carry these people. They don't win without a home. What's your record? Why are you doing that? What's your record? What's your record? What? What's your record? What? Can we all sit together? What's your record? Definitely negative. Negative, negative. NBA 2K11 is the most underrated 2K of all time. No, what?  What? Oh, you did flex today. Hold on, I see that. Yo, show it off. Yo, how many ads? Hey, 2K11 is not overrated, but it is the most appreciated 2K ever. Isn't it? I think it was Jordan yesterday who tweeted saying, is it unanimous that 11 is the best 2K of all time? People thought that game is better than 16. So in no way possible is it overrated. Not only was it the second year they added my career, which is a game breaker. That was the year Mike Wang came back to 2K after going to NBA Live. Anyone who knows 2K history knows that's the reason why 2K came back. And that's why it was a go to 2K of all time. And if we're being honest, I had the crew. What else is there to say? But I mean, everything is subjective, but you're wrong. Anybody else disagree? 11 is the most underrated 2K of all time. I haven't played that far back, so I couldn't tell you. This one right here might be debatable, because some of you guys might not like him. Mike Wang is the most go to developer of all time. Why would you throw your phone? Do you want a history lesson? He left 2K, went to NBA Live. Realized that game was horrible. And over the years, he kind of became the spokesperson for 2K, and every time there's a gameplay issue, we just blame it on him because he's a senior debt. But if we're being honest, if he wasn't good at his job, 2K would look like NBA Live.  You might be right. But if you like jumping games like 18, I don't know. Does anyone disagree with that? Mike Wang, the most go to developer. I wouldn't agree, because it's like, if he couldn't fix Live, what can you do? All right. But that, yo, I don't think one guy's gonna say that game. I'm gonna be honest with you. It's gonna take a whole lot of people and money. And even then, it might be out of the question. Everybody talk real quick. Look that way? Look that way? This is sweet. You got that? Thank you. All right, I appreciate it. OK, some of y'all might hate this one. I think my career holds 2K back. Stop throwing your phone. Oh, he said that's facts. If we're being honest, think about the work that goes into it. Not only do they have to mocap for every level, they have to design the level for every cut scene, but even once they do that, there's more work. There's the voice acting. They're paying Idris Ilba and this person and that person because it's what sells the game, I get it.  If they just spent that same time on that, not saying my career shouldn't be in the game, but if we're being honest with each other, it takes a lot of time for them to make that kind of mode. If they were to take that money and put it into something else, then you would just complain that my career wasn't good. You know, we all wanted to have our player, our career, but if we was putting that same money in my team, you're gonna be like, what about me?  So I feel like my career, you know, I think my career is good. You can't give up. You can't give up. I'm not gonna lie to that. I feel like you felt that one, yeah. Scenes, I remember I was like, damn, I can't wait. So we have some cut scenes in PlayStation 4. You don't have Netflix at home? Why you wanna watch cut scenes? I feel like Park took away from my career to be honest. I love Park. I don't wanna get you wrong. I don't wanna take out the game. I don't wanna take out the game. I don't wanna take out the game. Like, Park took away from my career in terms of like he said, like the past generations, it was just my career. We didn't have Park. So back then, you're like, you're grinding my career.  I think 2K14 is one of the most overrated 2Ks of all time. I did it for you this time. What you thought? What you gotta say? That game was amazing, bro. Cause it was broke. That's why it was amazing. Cause you see, I had like a my career build and he was like a 95. He had 993, 99 dunk, everything. He was the most overpowered. So it was funny to go in Park and just boom on people and train threes. So that's what made it so fun. It's not overrated. It's underrated. He's one of the better 2Ks. Okay. There was no squad spots. You had to really find people to get it. You had to message people and be like, Hey, can you hop off? I wanna play with my squad. 2K14 felt like it was good because 2K13 was horrible. And for being honest, 2K13's gameplay was, I'm, yo, if 18 wasn't so bad, it would be the worst of all time in 2K. If I was just near the rim, it would just force me under the net like this. So I can get dunked on every time. I honestly feel like 2K14 was a good game because it was the introduction of the next-gen graphics. You had your clients pull up and stuff like that. Then you had, you can come to the park, score, not have to worry about records and things like that. So it was like a casual 2K where you don't really have to worry about sweats, like not getting games because you're too scared to pull up on somebody with a good record or something like that. When I go back to my 16 videos, it's scary how people just play. Like they didn't think about how good you were. It was so easy to get games. But the reason I think 2K14 was overrated is because it was next-gen, it came with way better graphics. So it had all the hype. Plus people were tired with the current gen.  But a lot of people come at me saying 4K14 is one of the greatest. Oh my God, hold on. Stop right there. We had a lot of people talking about this park rep stuff, man. And I think the 99 rep system was the best. Does nobody else agree with me? I agree, bro. Whoa, whoa, whoa. I didn't expect nobody to agree. There you go. Road to 99, baby. He thought he was gonna get gas. He thought he was gonna get gas around that. When I go for a long 12-minute quarter game, I want to come to some cussies. 2000 losses. Oh, man. Dribbling takes no skill. All right, bro. He gave us something good.  Is this true or fact? He does. He refused to come to my house yesterday because he wanted to dribble on 2KU. Like, I could literally teach my little pets how to do that. Raise your hand if you've witnessed agent just zigzag on a pure sharpshooter.  People time and put together and master the craft of dribbling instead of seeing you do this. All right? If you can't do momentum, you can't make this argument. But I can't do that. iPod taught me. Sorry, iPod. It was just too good to pass up. Keep it real with you, Davis. I'm gonna keep it a stack with you. I do not like the dribble guys. I can't stand them. You regard, you got all the dribble moves. I understand that. But there's gotta be some kind of realism to the dribbling. Like, I'm sick of seeing the ball not touching the ground because you're flicking the stick. Left, right, left, right. Doing this. If there is going to be a skill gap, it has to be something that you learn how to do. Do you live with latency as a skill? That is a skill. That's a fact. Right there. If we're being honest. What is? Being able to time your jump shot with all kinds of latency.  He's a stretch bag. Hey, that's a hybrid count. Yo, why are y'all ashamed? Why does nobody want to raise their hand? Ah, y'all boys! I got one more question left. I forgot it was. I was trying to be like, Dave is too much. I think that it's OK for Mike Wang to change the game as many times as he needs to if it's for balance. Because a lot of people get angry when he changes it. But what, you always want to play with two bigs all year? I agree. Why didn't you do that? Yo, why didn't you do that? Yeah, because Mike does not necessarily know what he's doing sometimes. Respectfully, I like you, Mike, a lot for real. But if he just decides, you know what? I think that post-score should just elbow people more. Then that change would have been made. And the community would have nothing to say about it. I do not think he should be making those decisions exclusively by himself. All right. But remember when the community got involved and they took out winner takes ball? And then we decided we didn't like that and we got it right back. Right, but we didn't have it for months because the community decided. Sometimes you've got to learn the hard way. What? Hey, I'll get him out of here, bro. So if the game doesn't come finished, because it rarely ever does, then it should. They should really be on top of the thing, right? And you guys play prime, at least remotely competitively? Yeah, I did. Isn't it so frustrating to play the team with three lockdowns? That should not be the meta. But because nothing changed, hold on. He said, I'm a lockdown defender. I like what we do. So playing the team with three, you can't score. So we're going to do what we've got to do. That's the whole point. Exactly. It was always that cheese, pure lockdown build. And you put a specific jumper on. And they score with no problem. But yeah, you locked me down. You put some of the sneeze on me. I'll stop moving. You know what I'm saying? Like, you know how frustrating it is. He's not lying. To me, it's unfair. And just like I'm agreeing with agent when he said that, there needs to be some kind of balance. Because there's no way you're going to be a pure lock and you still have the ability to score at will. You score more than me. Yeah, because they can shoot from the, I see it here from the high. They're here from the high. How is that going to appear a lock? Going to be able to shoot three is no problem. I'll give it, I'll say out of 10 shots, out of 10 shots, this man by the pool. I'm offended by something you said. Why y'all acting like they just literally shouldn't be able to shoot and he's going to make a shot. Exactly. You don't leave somebody. Bro, they're shooting from the hash. I see this topic has enraged a couple of people. There's a lot going on here. Yeah, there is. Yeah. So how I feel about this. You said a pure lock shouldn't be able to shoot. And you a soccer and slasher. So you should never get a steal or never get a block because you're not a defender, right? Right, right. With lockdowns, you got to, I'm a sister that NBA game also compare lockdowns to any real life lockdowns like Kawhi, Paul George. They're not going to get a lot of superstars though. He's talking about superstar lockdowns. You said the top two players in the league, but you got to understand, you were with 95s, 96s on the park. But if you check that, what is Paul George in a macro game? It was like a 96? He might be like 112. What I'm not understanding is, as a lockdown, as a glass cleaner, how can you hit more full whites than I can as a pure shot creating guard? I'm going to say this, I'm going to say this. If your open three is out of 87 and mine is out of 50 and I'm making more to you, that's purely timing. That's all you. This guy came to my house.  He literally went to the computer by himself to play 2K19. This is a week ago. I think that the 2K19 system with the neighborhood is better than when they had three different parks. Wait, say that again? I'll give it to you again then. I'll give it to you again then, but no. All right, let's be honest. Cause what's the thing with the parks? People like three parks cause they want to keep it fresh. They want to rotate. If they're switching the day, like they're changing the setting of the day every hour. There's four different ones. And they have park events every other day or every week or whatever. If there's a healthy rotation of events, 19 was good, they could do better. Then I would much rather have that 19 system than sitting there waiting five years to go to sunset beach and then nobody's there. I don't think 2K should be a yearly launch. A lot of what they spend their time on is different ways to promote the next game. So even if it's not a useful feature, if they feel like it's gonna get people excited, they'll spend time on it because they'll sell the next game. Can't get mad at them. That's how business works. But at the same time, if it launched one time, then the same way Rainbow Six or League of Legends or any of these other games work, you could just release stuff in season. So if you have content, you're not holding off until the next launch, you could just drop that content. I could say it's like Apple. So Apple has iOS updates all the time. You can update the iOS as much as you want. But when you drop that new phone, everybody's excited about it. But you're talking about hardware versus software right now. I'm just saying, I'm saying like, so for 2K 19, you can do as many updates as you want, but then when 2K 20 drops, everybody's gonna come back to it. Hey! Let me stop before I get kicked out. Hey, we're doing some trivia. This side is true. This side over here is false. You can walk to whatever side you feel like is the correct answer. The final like five or so people will call it when I run out of questions are gonna get 2K 20. I have to grab you guys information, right? All right, Allen Iverson was on the cover of three NBA 2Ks. True or false? Good job, y'all. I'm going to this side. Two, one. You find it. God damn, that's false. What are y'all doing? What are you doing? Damn! Yo, I just, I just, I just, I just finished it. You would have won the first round. What do you mean? Okay, so you guys are eliminated for now.  I knew it in my mind, but everybody followed you. You would have given me all of it. Oh, you would have given me all of it? No, I was joking. All about it. Kevin Garnett was on the cover of NBA 2K9. True or false? You guys have correct on this side. True, Kevin Garnett was on the cover of NBA 2K9. This side is eliminated. This side is done. Spike Lee directed the story mode for NBA 2K15. True or false? He just did a joke. All right, this side is right. False, he directed the 2K16 story mode. I knew that. I knew that. Last year, if you're prior to 2K19, the game released on September 7th. True or false? The answer is true. NBA 2K9 was the first 2K with the my career mode. True or false? You see the way you fall on the cover. He might win, you never know. You guys are all correct. False, it was 2K10. Last year's 2K Launch Community Day was in New York. True or false? The answer is true. They have one in LA, but that was a couple months before. The launch one was in New York. The side wins. You gotta run. I thought this one was... That's false. I think he knew though. Davis completed high school. True or false? He's trying, you know. You're all eliminated. Hey, y'all all got it right. It's my fault man, I couldn't not put that in there. He's just lying to the masses, it's crazy. True or false? Agent sweats in every video. NBA 2K17 was the first 2K to introduce the double archetype system. True or false? Is it your final answer? Yes. You're right.  Okay. Give me like 30 seconds to formulate one. I know. Kobe Bryant was the highest overall in 2K10. He was a cover athlete, anyone in championship. Kobe Bryant was the highest overall in NBA 2K10. True or false? I'm gonna hold it, wait. It's true? I'm looking at it now. Give him 5 seconds. You said what? I said I'm looking at it now, I don't know. The answer is true. This side is eliminated. Kobe Bryant was one overall high in the bronze games and that's because he was a better player. Unjustified. That's false. Man, come on. That's false. Hey, true or false? This is for everybody real quick. Ronnie 2K is the worst community manager of all time. Yo, you're never going back to community day. Hey, listen, this is what the community is saying. I didn't tell them what to do. Yeeeaaah. That was a dope video. I'm not going to lie to you guys a few questions but then you guys got warmed up and you're getting into it.  Hey, thank you guys for watching the video. There's a video over here, video over there, video over here, video over there. Click on one of them. Now, that's an order. Oh, we'll see.


This is stock number 9342A, we are here at Summit Automotive in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin. You're new and used light duty truck and RAM headquarters. Today we are checking out this super clean 2016 RAM 1500 quad cab, 6 foot 4 inch short box. This truck has the 5.7 liter V8 Hemi motor and from this HD video you will be able to tell that this truck is extremely clean all the way around inside and out. Granite Crystal Pearl is the color we shoot all of our videos in 1080p 60 frames per second so if you have HD capabilities on your computer tablet or smartphone device turn them on right now because it is definitely your best way to check out the vehicle before seeing it in person. If you want to check out more pictures you can click the upper right hand part of your screen and link right to our website to this vehicle on our website and check it out there. 20 inch factory alloy rims with the chrome covers and it has Goodyear Wrangler SRA 27560R 20 tires with about half the tread left on them. Didn't see any scuffs or scrapes on that rim, front fenders in excellent shape, headlight lenses are nice and clear, you get the chrome trimmed grille part of the big horn package and that hood is in excellent condition, I didn't see any dents or dings on that, passenger side fenders in pretty nice condition as well and the passenger side rim, no scuffs or scrapes on there. As you go down this side of the truck you can see just how clean the body is, how reflective and mirror like that paint is, we take these HD videos so if you are far away or even if you're close by and just cannot make the trip down you can still see the truck, hear the truck and have confidence in the vehicle that you're looking at before you even get here. In fact we offer a Summit Fastpass option, you'll notice in the upper right hand part of your screen a link to our website again, check out the Fastpass where you can apply for financing, get pre-approved, check out your payments and even check out a value on your trade if you have one, all on our website and that's in the upper right hand part of your screen, click that. Lower rockers and underbody looks really clean, these back rims are in excellent condition as well, no scuffs or scrapes in the back tires have just as much tread as the front tires, you do get the plastic wheel well liners which keeps your frame and underbody looking as good as it does and when you're getting the most accurate representation possible it helps you make a buying decision from the comfort of your own home, that's where the Fastpass option comes into play, you can basically do the entire deal and have it all done by the time you get here. Locking tailgate, the bed looks like it's hardly ever been used, it's like new back here as the LED bed lighting, very very clean, tailgate shuts nice and solidly and as you go down this side of the truck just as clean as that passenger side, no dents or dings in the box and for full disclosure this back rim is in excellent shape as well, tire is just as much tread as the rest and down the rest of the side no dents no dings does have the heated power mirrors with the built-in directional signals inside the bighorn package gives you the gray cloth interior, power driver seat, no rips or tears on that, factory floor mats throughout as auto headlamps, power windows, power locks, power mirrors and the power fold in mirrors, now it's a power fold out and you'll notice that this truck only has 27,115 miles, you get a compass outside temperature display arranged to empty clock, you can basically change everything in the corner to whatever you want it to be fully customizable, leather wrapped steering wheel, cruise controls and gear selector on the right, Bluetooth and information center controls on the left then on the back of the steering wheel are audio controls, this one comes with the 8.4 touchscreen radio, AM FM and Sirius XM radio capabilities, what's nice about this radio is this does not have nav on it but you can add nav to it for $595, see your sales professional for more details, you get your climate control down there, 8-speed automatic transmission, push button four-wheel drive stability controlled tow haul in your front and rear parking sensors, 115 volt 150 watt plug-in, carpeting and format are extremely clean, passenger side seat no rips or tears on that and the headliner is in excellent condition as well, you get your map lights, power side and rear window and your home link buttons for your garage door security systems and lighting systems, 911 and assist buttons in the rearview mirror, those are features of the vehicle that you never have to pay a subscription for, we'll take a quick look at the back seats, back seats are just as clean as the front seats no rips or tears back here, this truck smells very clean inside I don't think it's ever been smoked in as the power slide and rear window and no rips or tears on those seats, it does come with a load floor which is a really nice feature if you got pets you can put both sides down they have a nice flat place to lay and they're not going to wreck your seats, also if you got muddy boots or tools put them right on there and you're not going to wreck your seats also, storage underneath those and factory floor mats throughout back here, we'll take a quick look under the hood, also child safety locks for the back doors, nice feature if you got kids, we'll take a quick look under the hood and I would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today and hopefully from this HD video, if I did it well enough you'll have been able to tell just how clean this truck is all the way around inside and out so you can make a smart buying decision from the comfort of your own home, under the hood we have the 5.7 liter V8 Hemi motor, engine bay is very clean runs very smooth, this truck has been fully safe and inspected by our service shop, has a fresh oil and filter change all the fluid have been checked and topped off, the truck has been gone through mechanically 100% and is 100% ready to go, to see more pictures of this truck or one of our other 450 new and used cars, trucks, SUVs, minivans, Wranglers, half-tons, three-quarter-tons, one-tons, you name it we got it go to our website www.summitauto.com, full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle from two locations all at summitauto.com and if you'd like to check out more HD videos you can go to youtube.com slash summit auto remember to like, subscribe and share on this video and all the videos that you see there, in fact in a second you will see a link to subscribe to our YouTube channel on your left a link to more light-duty truck videos like this one on your right if you have not been to our website on the bottom link to this vehicle on our website click those check us out and we really look forward to helping you with this super clean 2016 Ram 1500 quad cab six foot four six foot four inch short box big horn thanks again


I want to do everything. Jb and L Need coming in coming in motherfucker with all the all the equipment looking like a frat part about to go on Making martinis with the salt on the glass. You hear me. How you even put the salt right at motherfucker to stay You got to put the lamb around it first Lines and the coconut put it on top. I know the coconut. Put it on top. I say what I'm on the coconut But it don't stop now.  Hey, when we at the crib drinking watching football Hey throne shots margaritas for all y'all. Yeah, I already know what's going on Oh, you want to get them draw gotta get it hope it's your no patrol. Yeah, I know what I can pop Yeah, I just know it go and get it ask that nigga. Do you got some box?   That's why I keep my bitches.     Yep. Tell them every knee. That's your pill that you put in in your dream Hey, my name is happy me.    I said, I don't know.  Yeah, she said come on. You pop this pill You can get it all night.  What we doing is the weekend. She started popping pills I swear to God I started geeking the crazy part I'm gonna keep it real.   I can feel my legs.    I don't seem before like this.  Yeah, listen shawty.  I got so high. I was gonna So I was in a dorm room.    I'm gonna tell you a few now listen I got the weed and you got the cocaine. So when the police pull us over just stick with your thing All right.  Shit with my power.  They was just waiting on your paperwork from your bonding.  They just ain't hit the same But you should see it right there right now. They don't send it from upstairs.  Hey, hey, now we come down the big over like don't make it money. They came back talking about Bruh, bro need to talk about now. Bye. That's 2018.  You got the cocaine. I remember I don't know nothing about the old thing


So our next two presenters and panelists, I would say, fireside chat, it's a different format. I would like to call on stage Marissa Viveros from IBM and Mohammad Awad from ARM on the stage, please. And I will let them introduce them. Please give them a round of applause. All right. Why don't you go ahead and introduce yourself? And? Great. So good morning, and I repeat in the whole next thing, great to be here, and thank you for having us in this important topic. So Marissa Viveros, I lead within IBM all of the strategy and solution development for the telco and media industry. This is a significant part of the business within IBM. And as part of my role, I've been leading within the past three years, all of the IBM play and strategy within network financial revitalization and now telco, network cloud. So this is a very appropriate team. In addition to that, I'm a member of the LFN board. And I just wanted to reinforce that IBM has a tremendous commitment from open source and throughout the presentation and throughout this minister we speak here, we will see how that has been represented within the market. Mohan? Thanks. Thanks, Arfit. Thanks, Marissa. So my name is Mohamed Awad. I manage the infrastructure business for ARM. We say infrastructure. We mean everything from the edge of the network all the way into the cloud data center and then into HPC. It's an area where we are putting a tremendous amount of focus and really excited about the changes happening in the ecosystem today. All right. And while we are on that topic, I have a few slides for you. Do you mind telling us your thought process and then we'll get into the discussion? Sure. OK. So ARM to date has shipped over 125 billion processors have shipped with ARM technology. Over the last five or six years, more than half that number was shipped. The point is that's accelerating. We're seeing more and more devices shipped every year. And those devices are more and more connectivity as a requirement. It's being driven a lot by IoT. It's being driven a lot by all these smart, intelligent end points looking to put data back on the network. That's changing the way the infrastructure works. We're moving from an infrastructure where, which has primarily been driven and designed around pushing data out from the core of a data center out to billions of people with phones in their hands, watching those cat videos on Facebook or YouTube or whatever. 70% of that data traffic is video today. But in a world of a trillion devices, which we believe will happen, that model changes significantly. And I want to just go through one quick example. If we talk about an HD video sensor, a billion HD video sensors, so in a world of a trillion devices, you could imagine that a billion of those devices are HD video sensors. Not unlike your Nest video camera at home. A billion HD video sensors would generate about 400 exabytes of monthly bandwidth. 400 exabytes of monthly bandwidth is about three times the total internet bandwidth today. Total internet bandwidth today is about 150 exabytes. So a billion HD video sensors would swamp the current infrastructure. We take over 40 million servers to manage all that data. That's more than the entirety of the AWS cloud. The point that I'm trying to make here is that the infrastructure is changing. As more and more of these devices get on the infrastructure, how we think about the infrastructure and the network has to change. Ultimately, what it means is that all along the path, whether it be that endpoint all the way up to the cloud and every point in between, data will have to be filtered, it will have to be analyzed, and it will have to be processed. This is changing the underlying compute platform all the way across. No longer can we rely on one centralized general purpose compute at the center of the data center to do all of that compute and routing and traffic management. It's going to have to happen everywhere. What open source does is it leads the way for that modularity and portability. It leads the way so that an application developer doesn't have to worry about where his application is running. All he needs to worry about is what is the latency, what is the bandwidth, and what is the compute. Is my service provider going to live up to those expectations. And that workload can then migrate across a vast array of different devices and platforms all throughout that infrastructure, whether it be at the endpoint, at the edge, or into the cloud. We've seen this happen already. We've seen people go off and make decisions where they go off and optimize different areas of that stack, whether it be open source software in the middle which enables vendors to go off and create customized hardware which can drive more and more acceleration at the lowest levels. We saw that with Amazon where they're doing their own custom cores now on custom silicon. But the application developer who sits on top doesn't matter to them. And that's really the point. The point is that you can get more customization, you can get more acceleration, you can get more efficiency by creating fit for purpose hardware underneath. Fit for purpose devices all the way throughout and workloads can move from one end to the other. We're seeing this happen more and more. And it really is the only way that we're going to be able to live up to the demands of this next generation, trillion device infrastructure. Thank you. All right, Marisa, just the same way. We thought it would be good to have some slides. I know a panel typically, if we just keep talking, then you'll be on the phone. So this is a better idea. Good. So let me just give you a little background. So in case for a lot of you that do not know, IBM works with about 84% of the largest providers across the world. That work, it is across helping them really become digital organizations. And when I mean digital, it is not digitizing the front end processes, the support processes, how they deal with clients. And part of that equation is the network. I would say the fundamental part of that equation is the network. Therefore, digitizing the network and making that network software, it becomes more important than ever. RP asked us to look at business models here. How does ecosystem business models are changing in this new environment? And I thought I start by saying we did a survey about six months ago. And we interview about 200 executives throughout the world. These are all telecom executives. Half of them are still able execs. So we asked them, how important is open source for them, open standards, open source in the revolution of their business, as well as the lifecycle automation of services that are being deployed? As you can see from the statistics from the results here, customizing it is very important. So having the flexibility and the agility to provide new services in that environment becomes critical. The second area is lower development costs. And that means really tap into the shared R&D that is happening with open source in order to get the economy of a scale, be more agile, and develop a new service in a faster manner. For me, one of the key findings here is faster time to market. I think every one of the operators, what they want is the faster time to market, that agility to bring new services, to test services in an agile manner, in an MVP, in a minimal viable product manner, test, look at whether it is successful, and then go back and rework if it needs refinement. But these are some of the characteristics of why operators are looking at and willing to adopt open source within interoperability, again becomes a critical element of that open source adoption. So these are the areas that I think as technologies and as the community here, we're all working on. What I like to shift a little bit are focus. And I say shift focus, and I really mean balance focus from infrastructure to service delivery. I think as a community, we need to pay attention to the network and how we build the network in a software environment. We need to pay attention to how we tap into the multi-cloud environment that everybody is looking at right now. How do we tap into machine learning, AI, and all of the new technologies that are available, not just for the sake of technology, but for the idea to provide that extremely good user experience to the end services. So that's what the operators want from us as a community, as companies, provide a great experience. Furthermore, bring that great user experience into verticals. No, the revenues that are being produced from consumers, we all know that those are declining on a daily basis throughout the world. Operators need to tap into, how do they tap into IoT, and other technologies, and Noesh, and 5G, in order to provide those new solutions for enterprises and really transform health care, retail, energy and utilities, you name it, all of the industries are there to be changed by this vast availability of bandwidth, lower latency within this network. So pay attention to not only the infrastructure, but also how we drive that from a service delivery perspective and what services we want to deploy. I think that's fascinating. The two things I really like is CAPEX is not in the top three, meaning coming from a vendor myself all my life. I really feel good that open source is not killing a business model for vendors. It's clear from your participation and your increased contribution. There's money to be made, and what the end users are after is not cheap. They're after innovation. They're after time to market, flexibility, customization. So that's a good. And the second thing I picked up, which was really good, was the service delivery or the service experience aspect. I think we heard Armagan yesterday who also stretched our imagination saying, that's kind of what the CXO people are looking at. And so for us and the networking deep dive land, for us, a user experience is basically, we get very excited when we move from CLI to a GUI. Let's be honest. It's like, oh, wow. We don't have to do CLI. That's GUI. That's user experience has gone up. Take that and stretch it 10 times. That's not what you're talking about. So with that, let me go through a few questions. The first one, Muhammad, we're in a world of heterogeneous compute. And that could be from the cloud to the devices. And how do you guide your company as well as the ecosystem to kind of balance, on one hand, its interoperability, compatibility, standardization. And the other hand is differentiation. So what are your thoughts on that? Yeah, I mean, at the end of the day, you can have heterogeneous compute, but it can still exist within a standardized framework. And I think that's really what is required and really what drives, in many cases, all new business models in and of itself. Being able to manage multiple different pieces of hardware, whether it's that ruggedized end node, which is in a power constrained environment, or that big HPC server, which is sitting in the core of the data center, being able to manage those two and then quickly deploy workloads from one end of the infrastructure to the other, becomes of itself a challenge. And we are seeing companies and products emerge to kind of address those things. I think that the key is, and one of the most important pieces of it, is having that standardized open source software in the middle, puts the onus on the developer of the particular pieces of hardware or the software to ensure that interoperability across the board. So in ARM, we contribute over 100 open source, just within the infrastructure business unit, over 100 open source standard projects. And we do that specifically to ensure that an ARM based server will work as seamlessly as a server based on some other architecture. OK. Yeah, so essentially what you're saying is, keep the plumbing level common. Exactly. I hate to use that word, but that's the reality. So the plumbing level is common, layer is common, that's based on open source. And then you add your customization and differentiation. That's right. And because it's open source, it can quickly be modified and adapted to ensure that it stays common. And it's no coincidence that we have the two ends of the stack on a panel. If you look at, and we are all networking folks, always stacks, right? He's at the bottom of the stack, right? That's what they always tell me. Bites and chips. And she's at the top of the stack. Services, things like that. So how do you see innovation? He would prefer things to be common at the hardware, API, abstraction, OS, device, driver, kind of that level. You would like to see it at the services layer, at the OSS-BSS layer. So how do you think innovation and interoperability can be balanced? I think the previous panel did a great job and therefore all communities do a great job at the standard. So while we do work at the upper layers of the stack, OSS-BSS, as well as the business services that are being delivered, we trust that there will be that common infrastructure that will allow our traders to innovate faster. So I think it is really that ecosystem that it really needs to work together. And for me, sometimes we are competitors. Sometimes we're partners. But that it continues to be more and more interlaced because the software needs to run on some hardware. No matter how much we dream, the software will never run on air. So the hardware will be there to stay. And we need to have it. But that having that common infrastructure at the lower cost that will enable in the ability to have new services at that cost. Accelerations and all those are needed. And can you give a few examples of some of the values that have been created in the ecosystem for the end users? So one of the key examples that we have been working with in IBM is one with Vodafone. And with Vodafone in Europe, we are doing several projects. One of them is we're working with them in the 5G Milan testbed. And there are about 100 companies that have come together to enable working with the Italian government and not really sponsored by the Italian government, working to create an environment where we have the infrastructure but new services can be delivered. So if you go to the website, you will see about 100 companies dealing from health care companies, insurance companies, all of the technologies, all of the service integrators are there, all of the network equipment providers are there, as well as the ship providers. So it's very, very amazing how these companies are all working together in bringing that unisum and accelerating the 5G deployment within this. Very nice. Very nice. Any examples from your perspective on either end user value created in a customer or in a project that comes to mind from Europe? I'm sure there's like hundreds of. Yeah, there's lots of them. I think one that I gave earlier was the AWS Gravitron announcement where they did, which in that case, what they did is because of all the work that was done on the open source side, they were basically able to go off and create their own silicon with custom acceleration in there, which then can go be transparent to the application developers, but can provide a 45% cost reduction as opposed to other architectures. One thing we have not talked about a lot is the barriers. And specifically, I want to point out that some of the larger operators have people. They have vendors that they can choke their necks, et cetera. What about the smaller end users? How do we service them? What can this community do to help drive that? Any ideas there? Maybe I'll start with you. Yes, so in my experience in working with operators throughout the last couple of years, specifically on network transformation, I see the larger operators. And even I think I can count with my fingers the operators that do have engineering staff, that they do have developers. And they can rely on to adopting open source testing and validating which ones are good for them. What I see is a huge gap between those and the rest of the world, where there is no engineering resources, where the engineers are so scarce that I think we as a community need to simplify what they should be adopting, so providing a component that they can easily adopt. But I think that is also in thinking about the topic is, I think if we can do also ourselves, we can be ambassadors to college universities and start bringing that team and bringing the knowledge into those new talents that we can harvest from and then create the next generation pipeline that can help bring to life those new networks. Very nice. And one last round, and I know we're going to run out of time, but on security, I know this is at the guts of the system that is extremely critical. And I know you're doing everything in your power, including collaboration with your competitors in the space to make sure that security is well-addressed. I know we will not have time to go through it, but give us a few sound bites on it. Yeah, I mean, I think the thing about security, it's an important topic, much more than I'm going to be able to cover in a couple minutes here. But it starts at the bit and bite level, transcends the device across architectures, acceleration, all the way up to the service level, and then all the way from the device, all the way back to that core, that data center. At ARM, that's the kind of the way that we think about it. We've done things like PSA and TrustZone, but we don't just think about it at the device level. We actively look at what does it mean from the device all the way back to that core, the data center, and how do we tie all that together so that we can create a uniform amount of security. OK, so a holistic view. And we have to take a holistic view of security. It's going to require a lot of standardization. It's going to require a lot of collaboration, both with us and then quite candidly with our competitors to make sure it's done right. Awesome. Mohamed, I will add security and trust, transparency is a key attribute that everybody is looking for. Well said. Well, very good with that. I think we're out of time, but really appreciate your insights and thank you for the support. Please give a big round of applause.


So hello everyone and welcome to our fifth web seminar of the series of the Latin American webinars on physics My name is Nicolás Bernal Bernal from the new ICTP Safer South American Institute for Fundamental Research in Sao Paulo, Brazil, and I will be your host today So our speaker today is Julia Hoffman from the National Central University in Taiwan We'll talk about the new results from the AMS02 She's her PhD in Warsaw in the National Center for Nuclear Research with the Delphi experiment at LEP So after a postdoc in the Southern Methodist University in Dallas She moves to the National Central University in Taiwan where she's currently a postdoc working with the AMS experiment Now she's based at CERN So Julia's talk today is titled the AMS02 experiment and we are glad to have her as our speaker today So we remind you that you can have we can be part of the discussion writing questions and comments using the Google plus Q&A system and on Twitter by the hashtag LWOP this one So Julia is a pleasure for us and Now we hand you over So let me share your screen Please Thank you, Nicholas. Now I will share the screen. Hello everybody. Let me just Open my presentation Sorry Sorry, I need to do this again Okay, here we go. Great. It's okay Cheers Before I start, I would like to thank Professor Ting for his excellent presentation Which was given during AMS days here at CERN And that was just two weeks ago and the results that I'm presenting here are based on this presentation AMS experiment it is a particle detector which flies piggyback on ISS on international space station the detector itself is not very big If you look from the point of view of Particle physics bigger experiments like Atlas or CMS. It's just three by four by five meters But in the space, it's the biggest detector of its kind It's a way seven and a half metric tons So it's fairly light and the station flies roughly 400 kilometers above the ground the detector has been taking data since May 2011 and It's fairly complicated unit with 650 processors and over 300,000 electronics channel electronic channels the AMS collaboration consists of about 43 institutions from 13 countries plus CERN and The latest addition is Sao Carlos Institute of Physics in Brazil with Professor Manuela Vecchi and As you see in the map The the AMS collaboration is spread all over the world the purpose of the experiment is to perform high precision high statistics and long period measurements of charged cosmic rays and In in this purpose, we are searching for cosmic antimatter dark matter signatures There are measurements of primary cosmic ray spectra the abundances ratios isotopes and composition and also searching for new forms of matter and Solar activity and more than the list of goals is fairly long the detector is multi-purpose spectrometer and it consists of Let's say six main parts So first of all, well, let's go from the top The the first part is transition radiation detector TRD which gives us separation between electrons and protons and also identification of interactions Then we have a time of flight toff which has two double layers and It provides us with fast trigger velocity measurement and charge measurement Then we have silicon tracker with mine layers And that gives us charge measurement and momentum measurement Around the tracker, we have a permanent magnet so we can distinguish between the positively and negatively charged particles and on the bottom we have ring imaging Cherenkov reach for velocity measurement and charge measurement and last but not least electromagnetic calorimeter for energy measurement and also separation between electrons and protons So let's move to To each detector with a little bit more detail. So transition radiation detector has 20 layers of fiber fleas and straw tubes which are filled with xenon and CO2 and this detector gives us identification for electrons and proton and protons based on transition radiation and You can see here in the middle picture that That the transition radiation Let's us fairly well distinguish between electrons and protons and based based on that We built probability which is used later as estimator and The power of separation you can see on the on the bottom right So for a time of flight the time of flight consists of four scintillator planes two or above the marmet and we call this upper top and two are below and this is lower top and the counters are Of of neighboring planes are orthogonal The top provides us with fast trigger flight direction and combined with the tracker also mass separation Here on this colorful plot. You can see the the charge separation with top detector only and We can distinguish charges up to zinc which is I think fairly fairly good separation and On the top plots you can see the resolution For different charges and it's also very good The silicon tracker Has nine layers. They are spread throughout the detector first layer on the very top then second layer just under first top layer and then we have three double layers and at the very end in between the rich and electromagnetic calorimeter, there is the last ninth layer So the overall detector material the the tracker material It's very light. So it doesn't give too much interaction length for the particles to to interact and The inner tracker alignment is monitored with infrared lasers and the outer tracker is Continuously aligned with cosmic rays in a two-minute window. So the alignment is very precise the coordinate resolution is very good of 10 micrometers and Here you can see the alignment accuracy for the nine layers over 40 months. So you see that that the alignment accuracy is very good The ring imaging chair and cough is a dual radiator Detector so most of it is a rogel with a hole for sodium fluoride and To increase the ring acceptance. We have a conical mirror and On the bottom, there is a detection matrix with over 10,000 photosensors and It has a hole for for electromagnetic calorimeter. So on the right hand side, you can see What what various nuclei would look like with the rigid detector and The top pictures and the right bottom are from aerogel and the left bottom is from sodium fluoride So and with this detector We have very good identification combined with the tracker. We have a good mass separation and Also, this detector has very high resolution much higher than time of flight and And at the end electromagnetic calorimeter It has 50,000 one millimeter fibers which are Distributed in lab. It has 18 Layers and each layer has 72 cells and this gives us High precision 3d measurement of the directions and energies of electrons and positrons to very high energies and also Similarly to Transition radiation detector. We have a Classifier an estimator that based on the 3d shower Helps us separate electrons from protons in the top plots You can see the energy resolution and the angular Resolution For this detector, which was obtained with the test beam here at said the detector was launched on May 16 in 2011 in One of last and they were missions. We were very lucky that the detector is now on the space station But how do we get the data? So the detector you see here it is in the square and And how do we how do we transmit the data? So That detector transmits data through antennas, which are on ISS to teeter satellites and the satellites further transmit the data to white sands in New Mexico and From there the data gets directly to CERN to our control room But in case that we unexpectedly lose connection with the with the satellite it happens sometimes We have a backup AMS laptop, which is placed on in the astronaut Living areas. You can see a little picture of astronaut on ISS with our laptop So the data is transmitted Simultaneously to the satellite and to the laptop and we can retrieve missing data later and because there is no chance of Detector upgrade technical stop as you can think with LHC our Detector control is 24 hours a day seven days a week and 365 days a year. So this is non-stop operation In four years of operation on on ISS, AMS has collected over 60 billion cosmic rays So this is very impressive in my opinion and Because we do not have a sister detector to collect similar similar data to Ensure the quality of the analysis Each analysis is performed by at least two independent teams from various institutions and then the results are compared for consistency and Then they are being processed for publication So I would like to start with the newest result with the newest publication Which has just been Published and this is precision measurement on on the proton flux in primary cosmic rays from rigidity of 1 gigavolt to 1.8 teravolt and So the proton flux Is defined as a number of events In Effective acceptance trigger efficiency and collection time and also in a given rigidity beam and Because we We are proud of our very high statistics and the statistical error is so small that it's important for us to do extensive study on systematic effects and These include the trigger efficiency acceptance and then selection background contamination geomagnetic cutoff unfolding rigidity resolution or Absolute rigidity scale and you can see in this table on the last column that the air is fairly small and Here is the AMS proton flux as a function of rigidity and if you want to Compare it to other experiments. You can recalculate it into kinetic energy and this is what it looks like and AMS results is red dots and You can see that yes indeed The statistics is really high and the measurement is very precise So now you could you could show this result in various ways so one of them is the proton flux with feet of power law and from here you see that you cannot really fit it with one power law you have to fit it with two and in the in the top corner you see the function that was fit into the data and R0 is characteristic transition rigidity and as smoothness So the solid curve is the feet with the two power loss and the dashed curve is Uses the same feet but the delta gamma that the second second power law is set to zero and you could also present it in a way of model independent measurement of spectral index and This is the function that you were using to do to make this Displot Okay, so let's move to the exciting part that many many of us Think and maybe wait the the dark matter part Dark matter. Okay. We we know it exists. We know it makes roughly 90% of matter in the universe And but we don't know what it is. We have some theories some candidates and We would like to confirm Whether this is that the candidate is good or not so in You would expect in collisions of ordinary cosmic rays to produce secondary Anti-matter like positrons or anti protons and you would expect the certain behavior in Fluxes of or or ratios So in these plots that you see on this page You seem green and they expected what would ratio on the left for positrons and on the right for anti protons What it would look like if we had only collisions of ordinary cosmic rays and But then collisions of dark matter Would produce additional positrons and additional anti protons and if that was the case you would see Here in blue and in purple on these plots. You would see an excess On top of the the regular collisions So let's let's look at the AMS data To identify the signal coming from dark matter. We need measurement of electrons and positrons and anti protons then precise knowledge of cosmic ray fluxes like protons helium carbon and so on and propagation and acceleration parameters which you can get from Fluxes or ratios of other elements So now the positron fraction. This is the result from AMS which was published two years ago and You can see that the the positron fraction is not going down, but at some point it starts going up and then it flattens and and If you were trying to translate this position for positron fraction into whether we do see dark matter Or we don't see that matter It would look roughly like this on the left hand side You see the current status with current data and the blue line Would be the astrophysical known sources for example pulsars and the brown line Would be a dark matter candidate Natalina of of a mass of 700 GB and Then if you look at the data You cannot really say Because it does not confirm any discovery. It does not deny it but if we Wait long enough say 10 years from now with very high statistics We could at this point we could say whether it's pulsars or it's dark matter But also the positron fraction. It's not the only thing that we need to look at So if we look let's look at the electron positron fluxes so the flux is defined defined the same way as For protons, so we have a number of Electrons or positrons in the effective acceptance the trigger efficiency and the exposure time and also in the being of energy So now this is the electron flux as a function of energy as compared to other experiments and And this is positron flux Also as a function of energy and compared with other experiments So if you if we look at the tool to these fluxes together You can see that both of them are different in the magnitude and energy dependence both spectra cannot be described by single power loss and the spectral indices for electrons and positrons are different and they change behavior at around 30 Jeff and You can see also that the positron flux is harder the rise in the positron fraction is Is due to an excess of positrons and not loss of the electrons So this is about About electrons and positrons And the next result I want to show you is anti proton to proton ratio So this is the newest result. It is still preliminary and It hasn't been published yet. We are still ironing out Details of the analysis but this is preliminary result and Also, you can Look at this comparing to other experiments like here with Pamela and the best and You can have a look at our data With the secondary production model and you see that there is some excess and now It's it's hard to comment on that We need some comprehensive model to to work with the data so Now if we look at the nuclei on at the measurement of nuclei with AMS They're usually done with Charge measurements the identification. It's done by charge and we have several Several systems to give us this service charge measurement and also to see if there are interactions that cause a given element to appear and For now You can see this is our ability to distinguish various various elements By the tracker charge and by the time of flight charge So now if we move to to various nuclei fluxes Here you have helium flux compared with with other experiments and Similar similarly to to protons you could show this flux with the feet to to power law Here you need to power loss to to make a fit to do this data and The the turning from the change of slope it is at similar Pretty much the same energy as rigidity as for protons and If you make proton to helium flux race shell this this you can this you can describe with a single power law About 25 Gigavolts so you can say that so they are behavior is similar Now with the lithium flux, this is again the current status. It hasn't been published. It's just preliminary and You can see that this is pretty much a first results after 40 years from the last results and And you can see the precision though. This still amazes me the precision of Of This data, I know I'm like I'm bragging about the experiment, but you see why and Again the lithium flux again can be presented where to power love it and Again, the slope changes up about the same rigidity as for protons and helium and also one of one of last results, which is boron to carbon ratio Which is important for the for the propagation of cosmic rays And this is this is presented as a function of rigidity with 40 months of data seven million carbons and two million borons Analyzed and this data can be shown in kinetic energy and also it is shown with other experiment results and The blue dashed line is a fit to positron fraction With a secondary production model So you see that that the model tends to flatten not higher energies the ratio tends to be going down This is yet another thing that we need to explain with good models and now I would like to summarize In the past hundred years the measurements of cosmic rays by bones and satellites yielded uncertainty of about 30 percent the AMS experiment provides cosmic ray information with uncertainty of one percent and You saw yourself the latest measurements provide precise and unexpected information and It will require a comprehensive model To make sure to to find out if their origin is from dark matter astrophysical sources acceleration mechanism or a combination of those Thank you very much are there questions Okay, I have a question here from you think in Valencia Do you know if there is maybe if you can comment more about this spectra break why is common to many nuclei cosmic ray species This is a mystery If I remember well The comments on the fluxes That was that we really really need a good model to explain This and actually we are in collaboration with some theorists One of them is Igor Moskalenko Who's one of authors of galprop? He he's amazed by the results and he requests from us more ratios more data to To get better models. So maybe this question would be because at the right now I'm waiting for my colleague to join and when it comes to To the fluxes behavior, he probably will be able to Answer in more detail to that question. He will join in a minute and Another question just to I mean because last week When do we expect a new update of the data? I mean because now you have a lot of the statistics I don't know how much we have to wait to get improved in the in the fluxes and statistics in the high energy part of this specter Okay, so for now there will be just current data like around 14 months and we have a lot of other results to show so it's The helium flux which is in preparation. There is an dichotomous ratio which is in preparation They are nuclei fluxes which are in preparation. So first we need to work on these and actually to Update the statistics. We would have to wait some more time but how much I don't know and Right now my colleague have joined So there was a question about If we can explain the behavior that all the fluxes start in the slope of the same place Now this is what we observe so we expect theories to Find the theory to explain. This is our measurement. So we don't know Yeah, you just measure it My question was If you can comment a little bit more about this spectral break and why it's common to So many I mean from anti-protein protons, helium, lithium, all in the same range, in the perebos That was the question they did in the beginning. Well, let me repeat the answer So like I said before and also so that has repeated We we don't know why so we need we observe it and we need good theory model to Tell us why Does that answer your question? Yeah, that's good. So we have I guess we have another question from Tim Moon I mean now I'm kind of happy because the host has some problem with his micro So he is not gonna be able to moderate the decision, but anyway if Tim Moon can ask To unmute It seems that also Tim Moon has problem with his micro So anyway, but there is a question from the Q&A that I can read it is like in the slide 31st Could you provide them on how was the uncertainty region the brown area calculated? In the slide 31st of your presentation On slide 31st, yes So what is the uncertainty? On the data or on the model on the brown area So this This brown area It is the range of the model. This is together with the uncertainty So I I believe that you could I don't know put line with the center of this area to get more or less the tendency and the area is the uncertainty Yeah, but this is taken from particular paper if you read the press release of MS It is not a little here, but if you read the press release It is written. This is a don't have a twirl 2008-09 I don't know some some old paper. We show this because that's an example because there are lots of traditions, so we just want a model This is a you may say this is a this can Need some bias because we are glad in the excess from a proton, but our message is We are still large unsaturated on the second introduction But after our data or proton helium and nuclear data Expect theories to include the Secondary prediction So this is our message Okay. Thank you. It's instant out. He wouldn't make the question that he was Yeah, can you give me now? Great so at the beginning of your presentation you mentioned that MS will be able to measure isotopes of different elements So I'm thinking of course of perium or aluminum But when you show the mass reconstruction, you never show these isotopes. So what should we expect? Well the composition is Probably not on a very high at this moment. Not very high on the list of things that we are doing So we do not have now results to present But there are people working on it and So for example helium for composition or lithium composition These things are in the works, but right now there are no results that I can show you No results I understand but sensitivity or anything you don't have that yet No, no, I don't have that Okay, thank you and so So you said that the proton anti-proton to proton ratio you showed was only preliminary But yet you called for a press conference for it So how are we supposed to to understand that should we use this data to to work on it or should we wait? So what is what's the meaning of that? Yeah, this is a good creation, but if you If you look on the archive, they already Acquire data on this data. So we don't prevent people to work on this But Maybe you can wait for the final day Yeah, also, I Believe that the data you see will not change But the proton flux has changed quite a lot since the ICRC, so Are you really sure that the anti-proton will not change this time? Well, many things have been improved since ICRC with respect to the proton flux and With this improvements Okay, and so you you showed some says a proton flux That is quite different from the Pamela one and your helium flux is quite different from the cream one So I mean there are different experiments and so on but do you have any any feeling of what is going on? Do you think that I Mean what could be the explanation of such discrepancy? Yeah, we are we are responsible to only our data. We are not qualified to discuss about other people But the important thing is we make sure our data are collected Well, like I mentioned before to ensure that That we are not biased with our analysis usually the analysis is done with at least two independent teams and Then there is also compared for consistency So separate groups have concluded Have come to conclusion that this is the flux And this is how we see the Okay, thank you. No, I understand that but I remember said friends in gamma rays when they Long time ago they saw an excess and then for me did not see it Then they they decided to work together to find out if there was a problem with the previous experiment Do you consider maybe discussing with the Pamela people to try to find out if there is a problem in their experiments or not? This I personally don't know No, we don't think so All right, thank you very much Disfavor the dark matter interpretation does AMS kind of come on that I'm not sure I've seen this paper, but like Sadak has mentioned earlier There are models on secondary production that have But could have a high uncertainty so to actually explain the Match or the lack of it with the data one Have a fairly precise model. Okay. Thank you Another question that may be Can you hear me? Okay, great No, so this is related to to the previous question because the the piero jet experiment is suggesting that At high energies that the composition of cosmic rays is mostly from from heavy particles like like iron, right? So so my question is if that would have any consequence on Your predictions for the positron the anti proton fluxes. I mean I really don't know what Goes into the original prediction for for these fluxes. So I want to know if if this would have an effect Well that would require proper modeling on the high the ions propagation. I believe and the behavior so like I mentioned we are working with theorists and Providing as much data as we can to To help the models So other at this moment, I don't have an answer to that question Okay, thank you very much. Yeah, maybe we have more questions. I don't know people that is attending to the session And the name here man has a question Okay, in the Q&A. We we don't have any more questions. So I guess if this is all we thank you very much for you to participate with this hangout and All the people that are following and we will see the Offline version will be very thankful for all these places so I guess Thank you. Thank you very much and next when I think about the family results and The this for finalizing with the dark energy survey just for if you want to join us Anyway, thank you very much


Hello and welcome to another edition of Let's Talk. My name is Fenel Neptune. In today's broadcast, we speak about the school feeding program and book Bursary. And with me to discuss this topic is the coordinator for Student Welfare, Meriam, Henville, and stock people, Lennard Stalsy. Welcome to the program. Thank you. Thank you. The school feeding program, of course, is one of the social assistance programs of the Ministry of Education. Can you tell us more about this program and what students that it catered to? Basically, the school feeding program started in St. Lucia in 1984 under a funding agent named WFP, meaning World Food Program. World Food Program used to give the children snacks such as bread with corn beef, bread with beef loaf, and a glass of milk. WFP stayed in St. Lucia for at least eight years. After they pulled out, another funding agent came on board, named Stiebecks. When Stiebecks came on board, they saw that there was a need to give the children a hot meal at midday, so we decided to go that direction. We personally find that the hot meal has been doing very well. It has been serving its purpose, and we are trying to continue it. The objective of the program, basically, is to protect vulnerable children from hunger and also increase school enrollment and attendance. We also want to improve the nutritional health of the students and to eliminate regular attendance in schools and also to introduce nutritional education. Okay. And in terms of the meals, what type of meals do the students really get? How does the Ministry ensure that it's a nutritious meal? Okay. So all schools with a menu and a guideline whereby we go to the schools to ensure that the children have served the right meals. Okay. Okay. And we work with Ministry of Health to develop that menu. It is not just education, but we partner with Ministry of Health, the nutritionist, and we design that menu to ensure that it is in keeping with the regulations. Okay. Okay. And with this meal being given and this program being there for so long, what students actually benefit from this program? Is it primary school, infant, or is it secondary schools? The secondary schools were brought on board, but basically the program was for the primary schools. We are trying to target the vulnerable children, but everybody can come on board. Great. And who is eligible for the school feeding program? Students. It is catered for students who are on the privilege, which means that at home they do not have the luxury of having a meal every day. Sometimes they would come to school without that meal breakfast, whether it be breakfast or lunch. So it was designed to cater for these students to meet their needs to ensure that they are at school. They contribute towards the program in the form of $1, those who can. If you cannot afford the principal who knows the background of the student, they would be put on the list to receive that meal. But those who can afford still partake in the school feeding program. Great. So it means that the selection of the student happens at the school? Yes, by the principal, because they have first hand knowledge as to what exists at the child's home. Great. And what is the process like as it relates to applying for one child to be on the school feeding? We know that it's done for the school. But can you tell us more about the process? If somebody wants to actually get this child on the school feeding program? Well everything happens at the school. The principal would be approached and after having discussions that child would be enrolled and on a daily basis they would be provided with that meal, providing that they pay the dollar if they can afford it. Okay. And how many schools in St. Lucia are benefitting from the school feeding program right now? Basically we have 79 schools on the feeding program. We have 71 primary schools along with eight special schools. The special schools until the five special education schools and we have the care schools, Odson and Slere, Uptown, Uptown, sorry, and Donato School. Great. And over the years with this program happening, what has the feedback been like? The feedback has been great because the attendance is very high. You know we have two sections where we have the needy children that comes in and they pay and we have another section we call the non-needy children. These children don't contribute. The children that contribute is just the needy ones.  These are the vulnerable ones. They are identified by the principal and the teachers. Great. And besides this social assistance program of the Ministry of Education, there's also the book bursary which is a public assistance program. Can you tell us a little more about this program? Okay. Before we head into the book bursary, we forgot about the secondary school, where there's a pilot program at four secondary schools, Vocal Secondary, Barbono, Ager, and Beanfield, where it was established by this administration to have that pilot done at the four schools where 50 students are selected at each school. The meals are purchased and the children are fed. And they have indicated that it's a very good initiative and would like it to continue because the children are benefiting. There was a high level of absenteeism that has been showing signs of improvement. Children are eager to get to school knowing that there is a meal that they can get when they get to that school because sometimes they live home without anything. So knowing that they can receive that meal, they are eager to come to school. Okay. But would you say that the government, while the Ministry of Education is actually looking to do the school feeding program in more secondary schools around the island given that the feedback is really good with the four piloted schools? Yes. This is the plan. And we must also remember that at the primary schools, the children will get in the meal and graduating from primary school to the secondary school, that is cut off. So with the implementation at the secondary school, it is something that government can't consider once funds are available. But the initiative is a good one and we are hoping that it continues in the future. Wonderful. While we are due for a break, when we return, we'll continue our discussion as it relates to the book bus reprogram. Hold on to that thought. So we will be back with that discussion. Well, we will continue our discussion in a bit about the book bus reprogram. We'll be back in a moment. Everyone says counseling, counseling, counseling. We don't have the right chance. After my fate, I will never be able to do it again. Maliglasia, just yesterday you asked me advice about your husband and we spent over an hour on the cell. That's counseling. I want to do it again. Just think about it, Iglasia. When you have a difficulty with someone, you ask your friends for advice to help you to deal with your problems. But wouldn't you prefer getting advice from a professional counselor?  When you're situation keep being wet, I'm going to use professional counseling. My manager is here at the doctor's visit. Don't you know the Ministry of Public Service has an employee assistance program they call EAP, which is offering six free counseling sessions for government employees. Iglasia, why don't you take advantage of it? Really? It's free. Let me often let me call the EAP unit ASAP, because I want professional, did you say free? Free counseling. But Iglasia, wow, who is the counseling, sir? Call the EAP unit at 468-2269. EAP Works, let it work for you. Welcome back to Let's Talk. We will continue our discussion with Miriam Henville and Leonard Storzy on the school feeding program and also book bursary. We just had a very fruitful discussion as it relates to schools feeding programs. So right now we're going to have a little bit more discussion as it relates to the book bursary. And of course the Ministry of Education has this book bursary program, which is a public assistance program. Can you tell us a little more about this program? The book bursary was established to again meet the needs of the vulnerable, the most needy ones in the society, where the parents are unable to perform the basic textbooks and workbooks. At present we have approximately 1,900 students benefiting from this initiative. The program provides all textbooks and workbooks as on the Ministry of Education book list. So any additional book which may be prescribed by a school, we do not provide that book. But whatever is established on the government of St. Lucia book list, these are the textbooks we provide. So there is maths, there is English, social studies and general science. Okay and what is the target audience for the book bursary program? What students does it cater to? To the infant and primary school students only, not secondary school. So if you are in grade 1, grade K to 6, we provide you textbooks and workbooks once you qualify for the assistance. Okay so is it something that the Ministry is looking to do in the future to cater to secondary school students? The secondary school was in existence and it has been disestablished as a result of a few hiccups. So I'm not too sure whether it will be reestablished in the future. But the primary school has been ongoing for over 10 years. Okay and why is it important that the Ministry of Education undertake such an initiative? Well again we want to see that students receive a proper education. They are furnished with the tools we know amongst ourselves. There are some who cannot afford while some can.  Okay and what is the process like for book bursary every year? Okay to receive a bursary from the Ministry, the district representatives are issued annually with bursaries to give out to their constituents. Also we get recommendations from principals. These principals have first hand knowledge as to who the students are, who are in need. So apart from the district representatives submitting their list, the principals submit a list as well for the request to have the child placed on the bursary program. Okay but does it also involve the parliamentary representative sending in a list as well of students who are in need of the book bursary? Yes we issue them with a quota annually to be distributed amongst their constituents. And what are the requirements for a person as it relates to book bursary? Besides being needy, is there any other requirement that is needed for it to be eligible for a book bursary? Well the main focus is to target those who are needy. There are other people who come based on their discussion and what they relate to us, we use our discretion and we include them on the program. But the main focus is for the needy students. Great and when is usually the distribution of books every year? From last year 2017 it was decentralized which means that we went to each education district office. The Ministry of Education has eight district offices so we visited each one to distribute and collect the books. It is usually done during the months of July, onward September, October but the peak periods are July to August. So in the past it was done differently? In the past it was one central location at the RC Boy School where you came in, you dropped the books and you came back another day to collect the books. But as it's been decentralized you bring back the books and you get the books on the same day. Great and any final words? Well we are hoping that this year with the decentralization again we are hoping to commence on July 9th starting off in Souffre and we expect that the parents and students return the books in a good condition because a lot has been invested into providing with the books to the students. So we would like them to appreciate what is being done and when the books are returned to return it in good condition so that somebody else can use the book. Wonderful and Mr. Dorsi can you tell us how a person can contact the Student Support Services Unit?  You can either contact us there or you come to our department at San Susi which is District 2 Office, Education District 2 Office. You can contact us right there. We are located on the ground floor or you could even call us at 468-5441-5443-5442 or we would like to have a personal touch or personal relationship. You could come in and we could have a discussion to either speak about the book bus three or the school feeding program. We are here to serve so we appreciate you walking in or calling us. Wonderful thank you so much. Well I want to thank you so much for being part of our program today. It was definitely a pleasure. I want to wish you all the best. Thank you. Well that's how we come to the end of Let's Talk for today. On behalf of the entire production team I am Fenel Neptune. Thanks for watching. Until next time. Let's talk. Let's talk.