I'm Dr. Kedmodoc, the president of the San Monsha Diabetes and Hypertension Association. Kedma spelled K-E-D-H-M-A-D-O-R-H. The actual day of awareness for diabetes is November 14th. This year it falls on a Tuesday. So although we have one specific day, we like to take the whole month first hours to raise the awareness. Now diabetes is a condition which has been understood to this date as a metabolic and more vascular disease or issue. It affects every single organ in the body from, I mean just name it, everywhere that receives blood or is supplied by your blood has to have blood vessels and therefore diabetes can affect it. The common areas will be your eyes, your heart, your lungs, your kidneys, but every single spot can be affected by diabetes. And that is why we really need to raise awareness, okay? Because the key thing is diabetes touches every single person in the world. You'll notice that on my left shoulder, I'm wearing a blue circle.  So a circle to unite everyone and the blue color actually is in support of the UN resolution and the UN flag which is also blue. Some persons describe that it's also representing the blue sky that we all enjoy. So that's the whole idea behind the blue circle. So every diabetes awareness would be from this, well we use this symbol, the blue circle to sorry to raise the awareness of this condition. So throughout the month of November, the association has actually agreed or partnered with the Ministry of Health to bring about several activities that we're hoping to help persons understand, manage, and very ambitious but hopefully eradicate diabetes from our population. Okay, so the association of vision is to be the focal institute in the prevention, management, education, and of course eradication of diabetes and hypertension, but this time around we're speaking only about diabetes. One of our first activities is actually a diabetes quiz. This is an activity supported by the IDF, more specifically the NARC region, North America Caribbean region, IDF stands for International Diabetes Federation. So we've with the Ministry of Education reached out to all of our primary schools and grade five students are standard three, back in my day we call it standard three. So that's about age 10, 9, 10. They've all been given some study materials and just on the weekend we concluded the first round where they went online answered some questions and we're happy to say that we have a little over 50 students who took part and we're looking forward to having the semifinals next week and the finals we're hoping to have it on the actual November 14th. The finals we're looking forward to it being somewhat like our previous school challenges, you know like a school, what do you call it, spelling bee, where persons are asked questions and the last man or last student standing, sorry, the last student standing will be our winner or the champion for this year's diabetes quiz. And we think that is a very important activity because in school we'd have learned back in my time about vitamin C, vitamin D deficiencies and to this day those things are not affecting us as much compared to diabetes. We have conditions or situations such as childhood obesity. These are all precursors or conditions, factors that favor your development of diabetes earlier and later on in life. So we think that it's important that we start as a nation to consider introducing the concept and the impact of what we do and how we do it and how it could lead to diabetes from those tender ages. So the quiz we think will be a nice segue into introducing part of the curriculum to have diabetes-friendly or diabetes-related materials. So that's one. We're also looking forward to having our continuous, what do you call it, awareness talks at different schools, different business places.  We will find, make sure we have a convenient time to come together and share as much information as we have about diabetes and this is absolutely free. You don't have to pay for us to come and do that. So that's something we'll continue to do throughout the month and throughout the year, okay, not just for diabetes awareness but this is something we have as a standing order in the association. But the other activity that we think is a grand one is, well there are two grand ones if I have to be honest, grand one is the health fair that we're looking forward to having in Constitution Park November 30th. It will be a fair with considering everything diabetes. Persons can look forward to coming and understanding some of the things that you traditionally did not associate with diabetes such as a holistic life balance, you know, mental health, how this could actually lead to someone developing diabetes. So we invite in everyone, that means your health is on board, we understand, well now we understand, we know as well that the Senua Taiwan government recently signed MOU on, I think it's non-communicable diseases. They're also part of this activity so you can look forward to getting some material from them where we will be sharing everything on diabetes and how individuals can ensure that they prevent themselves from getting it, those who have it, they can better manage it and those who don't want it or want it out of their life could actually hopefully eradicate it. So that's a health fair we're also looking forward to having a nice fitness exercise at the end and yes I mentioned and no no has it made this year that I will be trying to adopt the lifestyle as a president of the association I have started. The belly's slowly going down, all right, but we'll be there and we'll continue to encourage persons to adopt the lifestyles necessary for the prevention, treatment and management of diabetes. The next activity is moonlight walk, all right, it's no we're not encouraging anywhere, we'll seek a lot. Yeah, but it's a walk with a difference, it's a walk where we encourage persons to come. This year it will be done at November 27th, it's our moonlight walk, it will be, we have one in the north of the island and the other end view for town, so castles town and view for town so everyone can look forward to all the materials on that you register of the association with our long-standing partner Marcy you'll also be able to register there, get your t-shirts and come join us on a moonlight walk where we further erase the awareness of diabetes and there's also this year that the Ministry of Health and the Association is is trying to help persons appreciate better diet or food and comes to diabetes. You know there's so much confusion out there as to okay I'm living with diabetes, I'm trying to prevent diabetes, I don't eat, I don't sweeten my tea, I don't sweeten my juice, I don't take any sugar, all right that's the actual sugar, I don't take any sugar and why did I develop diabetes? Why is my blood sugar still high? So we're trying to help persons understand that this this time around and we we're going to make a deliberate effort to attack that confusion or misconception so again diabetes when you mention sugar we're referring to starch or carbohydrates so there are various forms of carbohydrates we also have persons who say but my parents grandparents they didn't have these conditions as much as today and they used to eat all the provisions they wanted in the world and they're fine yes that may be true to an extent we don't have the data or the evidence to substantiate a lot of those claims that we're making but we also have to recognize that the lifestyle has changed technology has given us the opportunity where I could stay in my house get my water get my electricity get everything I want in fact man the dry fruits is these so almost anything you could think of so persons are less active therefore they don't burn that energy we're taking in the food as much as we fall and we we tend to eat live to eat and not eat to live all right food is meant to give us nutrients to give us energy to give us what we need to survive and not we live in to eat everything in the world or finish all the food around us so the idea is we want to educate persons on the right ways to eat the right foods to eat especially when it comes to portion sizes okay as someone living with diabetes or someone trying to prevent diabetes fact is there's no food that you cannot eat what's really important is how you eat this food so the portion size the frequency at which you eat it so we we're hoping to dispel some of those myths as we embark on this project and I'm excited to say that part of it will include some demonstrations with a well-renowned chef that we have on board chef Orlando okay the plan is to do some demonstrations at our schools and take it a step further so next year our students can look forward to participating in a competition where they create their own menu or their own recipe for healthy or well put together lunch and breakfast so diabetes awareness month everything diabetes making sure persons are clear as to what it is where it came from and the way forward with it and the way forward is we need to get it out okay IDF has actually projected by the year 2030 one in nine persons in the world will be living with diabetes if we don't make a conscious effort right now to do something about it in terms of our local statistics in 2014 2015 I believe WHO the last some reports done on Senusha showed that we have a little over 14 percent prevalence of diabetes in Senusha so we we're looking at a really high number there 14 or a little over 14 out of every hundred persons in Senusha is living with diabetes all right and that's that's a big enough number to take seriously so this November Senusha Diabetes Hypertension Association along with the Ministry of Health and other partners we will be bringing to the Senushan population diabetes and what we can and what we should be doing about it there's a slogan that IDF International use around the world and this year is know your risk know your response and that's what we spoke to our diet our our size physical activity these are some of the risks and of course we need to know all of the risks and we need to know what we can do about them so this will be our approach for this year's awareness month we continue to get persons who are looking forward to working with us and doing more because as I said as we've known as we know and as we've recognized globally diabetes affects every single individual in this world a few years ago you used to think that oh that's something for the older folk or that's somebody far away you heard might have had it but now I am sure everyone knows at least either a friend or relative who has been affected by diabetes so we have a lot of persons who want to get on board with this fight against diabetes and they continue to reach out to us we don't turn back anyone or any activity as long as it's for the cause we'll be on board and we'll be pushing it okay so we've partnered with officially Massey, Massey stores that company we've partnered with the Ministry of Health all right we've partnered with the San Ushua Taiwan project on health we've partnered with San Ushua hospitality and tourism association every single person that you could think of we with this year embarked on a campaign where we literally sent out correspondences letters to every single business place and we're still doing that because eventually we want to partner with the entire island all right everybody is this is everybody's business if we don't treat it that way we'll not have the desired effect on diabetes in San Ushua so we're partnering with everybody so everybody needs to get on board and we'll be coming to everybody to get through with this message so for people who don't have diabetes you want to prevent yourself from getting it firstly you must know your risk go to your doctor find out um if you are at risk of getting diabetes and in so doing you must ensure that you are preventing yourself from getting it because um what you put in your body is your physical your your lifestyle will determine whether you get diabetes or not so number one you want to be physically active you want to ensure that you are exercising at least three times for the week at least 30 minutes for the day and you want to ensure that you your your diet has fruits vegetables peas and beans your legumes which is like your sorry your peas and beans are your legumes your nuts your seeds some of those healthy foods that we are lacking in our diet you want to ensure that the foods that you are consuming like alcohol cut back on it because alcohol is a risk factor and you want to ensure that processed foods eat less of processed foods your foods should be whole wholesome foods your provisions your peas and beans your fruits your vegetables drink adequate water and most importantly even if you are eating healthy foods the portion the amount of food that you put on your plate is critical with solutions we eat too much our plates are high in carbohydrate foods lots of meats and very little on vegetables and peas and so we want to we want persons to consume more of the fruits the vegetables your green leafy vegetables your orange vegetables you know the colorful foods foods but um processed foods are high in sugar high in fat high in salt and these are risk factors for diabetes so these are the key things that somebody who does not have diabetes should should practice it's like um you know just to give some some guidance you know you have your plate maybe an eight inch plate around the perimeter of the plate in eight inches and so you want at least quarter of that plate can have your provisions your provisions or or your greens or whatever it is that you are having and and the meat portion should be about quarter as well and the other half either you put a quarter of peas and vegetables or you have half with your vegetables whether it is steam or or um raw or steam and raw you can do either or but it's actually very healthy to have some raw vegetables yeah so that's like a little guidance as to you know how to portion your food without having to count the same the same rules would adhere to the same rules would be for whether you have it or don't have it but with persons who already have it would need to be more strict and in so doing you have to be careful um the type of food that you consume and also the quantity so we know that um blood sugar usually gets raised by carbohydrate foods whether it's carbohydrate carbohydrate we mean starch starch foods and sugar these are two that mix the carbohydrates so foods that that you know that have our carbohydrates our provisions rice beans have carbohydrates as well so even if a food is healthy for you you still have to watch the amount that you have for example pumpkin is a very healthy food carrots are healthy and they are vegetables but that doesn't mean you could have any amounts we have some of the vegetables that you that we call free vegetables like the green if you vegetables you can have more of those but the others like carrots and pumpkin and those others tend to have some starch in them and so you want to ensure that you have him you know that your portion is is controlled and I also like to encourage persons to go to the health center and to see a nutritionist or nutrition officer who will give them guidance as to how to eat if you have diabetes because they will need the help they will need the guidance and so if you are not on the right path you'll be able to get some assistance with that the spacing of their meals the timing of their meals the quantity of food that they consume are all important the amount of water that they need to drink and um you know and also the physical activity you know so all of these things have to be taken into consideration to ensure that they are doing the right thing labeling yes reading your labels is very important and it is one of the things that we need to to to teach people how to do because it's not so it can be a bit difficult but once you thought it's very easy so they need to know you know what to look for on the on the label now I know I spoke about sugar but also your type of fat is important a diet that is high in fat especially saturated fat will increase the risk of somebody getting diabetes or also will increase um the chances of somebody with diabetes getting other health conditions like heart disease etc so you know you want to have lower fat you want to consume lower fat foods fatty foods and also foods that are low in cholesterol and especially the saturated fats gets converted into cholesterol in in our bodies so you want to um have less of the the meats the fatty meats and consume more of leaner meats fish and sometimes you can have vegetarian meals we don't need to always have meat on our plates we need to move away from that that way of thinking also the way the food is prepared you know if the food is fried of course it's going to be it's going to have more more fat content and so you want to ensure that you have more um grilled foods boiled and baked in in comparison to having instead of having them you know fried foods


Duodenum, the duodenum is the first section of the small intestine in most higher vertebrates, including mammals, reptiles, and birds. In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear, and the terms anterior intestine or proximal intestine may be used instead of duodenum. In mammals the duodenum may be the principal site for iron absorption. The duodenum precedes the jujonum and ileum and is the surest part of the small intestine. In humans, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube about 25-38 cm 10-15 inches long connecting the stomach to the jujonum. It begins with the duodenal bulb and ends at the subspensory muscle of duodenum. It can be divided into four parts.


What's up guys and welcome to trendy updates of our SPM buzz now on to the trending news today is a few incidents have been reported that today during the protests that are happening in Nairobi and across the country today being the 27th of March 2023 we all know they are the male leader Ryan Odinga has been leading this demonstration that he stated are going to be happening every Monday and Thursday and today being on Monday they are on the road and the protests are ongoing but we all know the police are against this protest and they said that they are not allowed to go by through this protest however the male leader said that the protests are a peaceful protest and they are allowed to exercise their rights. Some of the incidents that have been reported that during these days the journalists from Citizen TV and the international media covering demos in Kibra have been reported that they were attacked and robbed by a knife or welding gun because Citizen TV took to their digital platforms to announce how they were attacked and showing the car where they were in that has been demolished. Of course two African censored journalists arrested by police in Mathare and this was confirmed by the leader journalist John Alanamu who took to Twitter and posted our African uncensored journalist Jassol Wanster and the Clint O'Berry have been arrested by police while covering protests in Mathare we aren't sure where they are being taken at the moment this is uncalled for and affront to our freedom to do our jobs they needed to be released now that is John Alanamu on us regarding the journalist that were arrested from his platform and then the MTV journalist reports that police in the Nairobi CBD demanded deletion of photos taken and destroyed the reporters press card also Goons attacker a vehicle belonging to the nation media group on at Northlands now we all know what is going on at Northlands Kenyans with power saw the cut down trees in Northland and this land is believed to be owned by the Kenyatta family and the current situation has been crazy because the aftermath of the invasion in that place has led to the invaders vandalized ship from the farm and we can see from the videos that they are occurring the ship from the farm more information is yet to reach our desk on what exactly is going on but we all know that yesterday Ryla Odinga accused the deputy president of mobilizing Goons to attack protesters from a press release that they made yesterday well the comment section the Kenyans have something to say because the miss Nyamu says when will we all learn honestly if he stayed at home none of this would have happened and this is in regards to a Kisumu protest always allegedly been shot dead in Kondeli of course the protest was fatally shot in Kondeli along the busy Kisumu Kaka mega highway as an anti-government there was heightened in the lake aside hundreds of demonstrators since early morning have been barricaded there have barricaded the highway as they engage the anti-rials police anti-rials police in Fiasa battle we are waiting for more information coming in our desk but in the meantime keep it trendy updates hapa SPM buzz


Okay, this is a cool switch. So we've carried those 808 step switches And then somebody emailed this is hey that company also makes these cool illuminated square switches, which square square switches switches And what's neat is you can see that they got the 12 millimeter Pins, but then they also have two more LED pins on the side This is because it's marked negative in this one's mark positive. This is the TS series and so I have it wired up here And when I press it, it has a kind of a nice glow. It's kind of a cool white And I have it wired to the switch obviously turns it on but you can turn on that switch independent LED independently I just have a little resistor here To current limit it and it's a kind of nice little switch. I like the feel of it So we'll be selling these in a pack and then I think the plastic piece can come off So if you want you can even put something underneath or draw if you want to have a labeled button So it can make for a very low-cost Make up. I use a little color printer pretty cool. Nice


Hello and welcome to the CMC Markets chart of the week video with myself market analyst David Madden Today's date is Wednesday at the 11th of October and the time has just gone half past 1 p.m And the chart of the week this week is going to be the Russell 2000 Or as we call it our platform the US small cap 2000 and taking a look at the chart here The big picture tells us that the market has been very bullish It's been a clear upward trend since the lows that were created in August and only a few days ago on Monday The 9th of October the Russell 2000 managed to print a record all-time high and the price was 1516 But looking at on a near-term basis We can see that since since October the market has been largely Trading sideways you see a lot of consolidation in around this area here And if you turn your attention to the MACD indicator below We can see that on Monday the 9th of October when the all-time high was achieved It was achieved a noticeably lower positive momentum. So even though the market is still holding up We are seeing positive momentum slide We are seeing a positive momentum slide, which could be an early warning sign That the buyers are running out of steam now What does all this mean? If you're already long the essence at the Russell 2000 It could be an early an early warning sign or early alert that we could see a bit of a correction in place I like our alternative if you're looking to get long the the Russell 2000 You could potentially wait for a pullback and and this potential pullback may provide some buying opportunities If the market does turn lower, we could find support in around 1501 1490 and then we could even see a pullback to this Trendline support from the August lows and I'll be in around the 1480 or 1475 region Notice how we really haven't had a pullback or a correction in the last few months So we are sort of overdue one But the big picture for the Russell 2000 is still positive So should we resume the upward trend that has been in a firm number of months now the first level to watch Offword of the upside will be the all-time high of 1516 and then beyond that terms of looking keep looking out for big numbers Such as 1520 1530 and so on it is worth pointing out that if you are trading the Russell 2000 Please keep an eye out for the better reserve minutes which are chewed out tonight at 7 p.m. London time Thank you for tuning in and please tune in next week. Thank you


What is going on mobile creators today? We will be reviewing the Zion a smooth 5s that I am holding right now And I'm using the iPhone 14 pro and we're gonna capture some beautiful shots with it currently I'm at Zealb say here in Switzerland With George, of course, he's gonna help me out. I'm actually gonna make a video so that you guys know who he is he's sitting on his Chair while shooting this video. So big thanks to him as well for helping out in this video It's a little bit cloudy and also windy, but we can definitely get some moody shots Now, I know some of you might think you even need a gimbal Even though the iPhone 14 pro has action mode, which enhances the stabilization You'll still be needing a gimbal because for complex moving shots It won't be enough just using action mode and action mode also has its down size as you will also need a lot Of light in order to capture high quality action mode of footage. Also, you can only record up to 2.8k With that said, we will be looking at the smooth 5s. I'll be testing it out Give you real-world example and also show you the footages Using the ZY cami app that is compatible with this gimbal and also show you how I mounted and some of the features I like about this gimbal So I'm quite excited to make this video and have you guys along with me So with that said, let's get started now. First of all the design of this gimbal is really nice I like the white new design and I like how all motors can be locked as you can see here to the side there's also a zoom and Focus wheel a large one which allows you to precisely zoom using the ZY cami app You also have different buttons that you can use you can switch modes by just pressing the mode button And you have a small display up here that indicates which mode you're in you also have a record shutter button Which you can use either with the ZY cami app But also with the default camera app on your iPhone as well as filmic pro Then you have also the power on and off button and over here You have a one-quarter thread which you can mount additional accessories and also I have a mini tripod down here Which is useful, you know if you want to place it on a flat surface or record a time-lapse, which is really nice It feels really solid well built doesn't feel cheap at all What I also like is that you're able to charge your smartphone Using these USB-C port right here, which is always very useful Especially when you're shooting for long hours and over here You can also see that there is a built-in LED light, which is really nice and can get really bright Now what I really like is that you can easily unlock all three motors and mount your iPhone on it so to simply unlock the Pan motor I can just press this button over here And then I can just push this part to unlock the roll motor and push this part to unlock the tilt motor So then you also have a spring clamp. So if I want to shoot in portrait mode I leave it this way But I can actually also shoot in landscape mode by just turning this part and then I can just simply Mount my phone on it like so really fast and simple and then to balance your phone You'll have to place your gimbal on a flat surface. It's not a perfect flat surface But we can work with it and then I can just unlock the screw over here and just Slide it so that it doesn't fall on one of the sides Press the power button here on the side and when I move the gimbal You can see that it actually follows my hand movement I currently have it in pan follow and it feels really good It responds well could also use it with third-party lenses because the motors are actually really strong let's now test this gimbal out and Get some awesome footage. So right now I've set it to pan follow which locks the tilt motor and allows me to Create smooth Pants for the highest quality possible. I'll be shooting in 4k and to slow down my footage I'll choose 60 frames per second what I like to do is that I actually just create a nice slide shot easily slide from Right to left So I've now set it to lock mode which locks all three motors as you can see It just keeps the focus point fixed and I can use the joystick to actually adjust the framing I'm gonna create a sort of jib shot starting very low and then moving my body upwards While I'm in a lock mode this way I can prevent you know the camera from moving when I create this shot This looks really nice Now the next shooting mode is the follow mode Which I use most often because it only locks the roll motor but gives me the freedom to Pan or tilt the camera and for that I like to use it when I create a rotation shot For example of George where I orbit around him Which really looks dynamic and also for other shots if I want to maybe reveal a location I can also start by tilting down and Pushing up slowly revealing of the location and there really many ways You can create gimbal moves using the follow mode why I use it. I would say 90% of the time Now in order to recenter your gimbal just double press on the trigger button and it will do so so another creative shot you can get With the smooth 5s is by getting a low to the ground with your camera And you can do that by flipping the gimbal upside down slowly And as you can see you can get really low to the ground while holding on to the mini tripod And then creating a push forward shot Which will look really dynamic in your video So I think this is a great spot to capture a time-lapse as we're high up this hill And we have a nice view of the mountain and the lake and I'm probably going to point the camera more up towards the sky as we have some clouds moving So I'm actually going to place The gimbal over here and as you can see the great part about having this mini tripod Is that you can really place it on a flat surface and Then I'm actually going to Set my composition as you can see I have the rule of thirds enabled and actually going to tilt it up So that I have more of the sky can capture time-lapse with The gimbal if it's not too windy It is a little bit windy outside right now. So there could be some shakes Inside the video, but I think I can further stabilize it in post So once I have that I've set the resolution and frame rate to 4k 25 frames per second Then I make sure to tap hold on the screen to lock my focus and exposure Now one of the coolest modes is a vortex. So when I switch to Vortex, you'll see that the camera tilts upwards and this allows me to hold the gimbal this way and use the joystick to Rotate the camera creating a sort of inception effect and I'm actually going to use this dense to actually Push out of it to add more dynamic in my shot and I'm going to use the house as my focal point And then I'm going to start recording and then I'm going to push back while the camera rotates I'm going to keep it centered all the time move backwards So this looks really awesome Now there's another feature called go mode. So by pressing and holding the trigger button You'll see that the motors react more sensitive to my hand movement Which can be great if you're shooting action type scenes So as you can see as I pan left and right it reacts pretty quickly compared to when I let the trigger button go You'll see that it's way smoother Now if you're someone who likes to vlog you can actually press the trigger button three times and it will actually turn And I can use the rear camera this way to film myself and also with the built-in LED light I could also film in a dark environments, which is really great So that is also a useful function to have When using this gimbal now guys if you want to learn more head over to smartphone filmmaking.com Which is my online course where you can learn how to shoot professionally on your smartphone other than that I hope you enjoyed this video again. I want to thanks George for helping me out I hope you got a lot out of it and make sure to leave a comment if you have any questions Also like and subscribe so that you don't miss out on any further content Oh and something else I forgot if you're new to smartphone filmmaking Make sure to download my free smartphone filmmaking guide that will help you get started filming quality videos On your smartphone. The link will be in the description below. So with that said, thank you so much for watching Take care and I will see you I will see you


Good evening ladies and gentlemen. My first task this evening is to acknowledge the traditional owners of the land on which we are gathered, the Larrakeer people, and provide my personal appreciation to Richard for that warm welcome this evening. I would also like to acknowledge the presence of the Right Worshipful, the Lord Mayor of Darwin, Katrina Fong Lim and Vice-Chancellors of the Co-hosting Universities, Professor Brian Schmidt, I am of the Australian National University and Professor Simon Maddox and Charles Darwin University. I would also like to acknowledge Professor Mick Dodson, PDU, Margaret Harding and Wendy Ludwick, and other distinguished guests here this evening. I thank both hosts for inviting me to give this 8th Nugget Coombs Memorial Lecture. The invitation is indeed a great honour and I am mindful of the contribution of previous lectures all immigrant Australians. And I am mindful of the distinguished record of public service of Dr Nugget Coombs whom we continue to honour 19 years after his death and more than 110 years after his birth. I never knew the great man personally but I pay homage to his enduring legacy born of a gigantic intellect and capacity to bring multidisciplinary approaches to solve some of the nation's biggest questions, mostly to do with the place of Australia's first peoples. One Aboriginal leader whom I respect described this man as the father of public policy that had at its heart reconciling the great Australian dream, identity and love of Bush with the people that lived and owned this country. Nugget Coombs' great leadership of post-war reconstruction was matched by his contribution to Indigenous affairs, which was about a post-contact reconstruction of the country's relationship with Indigenous people at the heart of the nation of a fair go. On my reading of history he was a public servant whose frank and fearless advice drove good public policy. This evening I would like to highlight just a few of the policy failures that litter Indigenous affairs today and point to some opportunities as well. I want to salute Nugget's legacy as it relates to his thinking about remote employment. But my ultimate message is that Indigenous people must take control of the agenda if we are to crawl out of the assimilationist and the paternalistic mess that stains the nation and ignores the uniqueness of Indigenous people in this country. As a public servant Coombs straddled the Prime Minister's ships of Curtin, Chiffley, Menzies, Holt, Gorton, McMahon, Whitlam and Fraser. He was in his 60s when Prime Minister Harold Holt in late 1967 coerced him into accepting the chairmanship of the Council for Aboriginal Affairs, which would survive for the next decade as a primary source of advice to governments about Indigenous policies. Holt died before the Council for Aboriginal Affairs could even find its feet. The record is that any hopes that the Commonwealth would seize the chance to pursue progressive Indigenous policies in the wake of the 1967 referendum disappeared with Harold Holt. The Liberal Party Prime Ministers who followed Gorton and McMahon were indifferent to the influence of Coombs and the other two members of his Council for Aboriginal Affairs, the anthropologist Bill Stanner and the public servant Barry Dexter, who headed the Office of Aboriginal Affairs within the Prime Minister's Department. Gorton and McMahon were prisoners to their Country Party Coalition, colleagues who commanded the Administration of Aboriginal Affairs. With like-minded bureaucrats, especially within the Department of the Interior, those Country Party Ministers ruthlessly strangled the efforts of Coombs and his Council for Aboriginal Affairs, especially on the matter of land rights in the Northern Territory. The Country Party mindset infected local politics here in the Northern Territory. It helped fester a biting opposition to the Northern Territory Aboriginal Land Rights Act, which was passed by the Commonwealth Parliament in December 1976. That opposition endures to this day in the ranks of the Country Liberal Party in the Northern Territory. The recently ousted CLP government represented just another iteration of the racism and ignorance that characterised the successive CLP governments that ruled the Northern Territory for a quarter of a century after the Territory was granted self-government. The Commonwealth granted self-government to the Territory on the 1st of July in 1978, and CLP governments would spend tens of millions of dollars in legal fees to sustain their relentless and reckless campaign to oppose every claim that they could challenge. They whipped up baseless fears among the non-Indigenous population that backyards were under threat, and the climate of fear benefitted the CLP at many, many elections. As we mark the 40th anniversary of the passing of the Land Rights Act this year, it's worth asking how far have we progressed as a polity over that time? Well, the CLP has never given up hope that the Commonwealth might one day surrender the Land Rights Act to the Northern Territory. Only last year the Territory's Attorney General, yet again, made a pitch to have the Act so-called repatriated, not that it's ever been in the Territory's domain. Land Rights, he said, had become a wall of imprisonment, blocking Aboriginal people from participating in Northern development. This is a tight old refrain, and you'll hear echoes of it later in this lecture. But the latest, most serious echo was heard during the Northern Territory government's review of its Aboriginal Sacred Sites Act, which was delivered in April of this year. Dr Ben Scambri is Chief Executive of the Aboriginal Areas Protection Authority, or ARPA, which administers the Sacred Sites Act. Ben gave an illuminating address at the North Australian Research Unit just a couple of months ago, where he described the political context in which the Act came to be reviewed by a team of external consultants. I'll come later to his revelations, but first I need to paint some background to that review. Hanging over it, indeed a major catalyst for it, was the proposed development of Ord Stage 3, the pie in the sky plan to extend the Ord River irrigation area into the Northern Territory. Ord 3 was one of the projects identified in the White Paper on developing Northern Australia, which would enhance the regional economy. It would develop 14,500 hectares of irrigated farmland in the Keat River Plain, the Knox Plain and Milligan's Lagoon in the Northern Territory. It stands today as a monument to failure, a failure of planning and a failure of the Northern Territory government to engage in good faith with Aboriginal people. And today, I can tell you, Ord 3 is going nowhere. The CLP government in the Northern Territory was too cute by half in the way it proceeded, with headstrong intent to get Ord 3 moving. The scheme was first punted in the 1990s and caused great consternation amongst traditional Aboriginal owners. The proponent walked away in late 2001 after anthropological research by the Northern Land Council established the entire Keat River Plain, or Balangari, was a sacred site. Ord 3 was revived in 2012 when a Chinese investment company took it over. Again, the traditional owners rose up and in 2013 a delegation travelled to Darwin to inform the CLP government ministers of their total opposition. The government was undeterred. It then applied to ARPA for a certificate, which is the authorities' issues when it's satisfied that work won't risk damage to sacred sites or if a proponent has reached agreement with Aboriginal custodians. But on the day in 2013 the authorities board met to register the Keat River Plain, the Northern Territory government withdrew that application. Now we come to the tricky part. The government then broke up the Ord 3 project into three blocks and proposed first to develop a parcel to the south, which it called Ord 3A. It would have required the extinguishment of native tidal over more than 4,000 hectares of which 1,800 hectares was earmarked for irrigated agriculture. Plainly the government's intent was to soften up the native tidal holders, even though the government's monetary compensation package was inadequate in the eyes of the native tidal holders who were being asked to have their native tidal rights extinguished forever. Nonetheless, the NLC had the responsibility as a native tidal representative body under the Native Tidal Act to consult with those native tidal holders and we proceeded to do that job. We actually secured their consent to negotiate an agreement for Ord 3A, although everyone knew that as a standalone project the economics would never stand up. And then out of the blue, the government without explanation announced in April of this year that Ord 3A was off the table, that it would be inviting bids from the private sector to develop the whole of the Ord 3. It would be left to a successful proponent to negotiate land use agreement and ARPA clearances. The timetable was unrealistic. The CLP government said it would execute an agreement by the end of July. That CLP government, as we all know, was spectacularly ousted in the general election here in the Northern Territory on August the 27th. And I understand Ord 3 went out the back door with them. As a post script to all of that, let me refer you to a damning report last month by the West Australian Auditor-General about Ord Stage 2. The state originally budgeted $220 million for the Ord Stage 2 expansion. The Auditor-General estimates it will end up costing $334 million, an increase of 52%, and it was delivered three years late. And although 27 social infrastructure projects worth an estimated $195 million came in on budget, their delivery too was three years late. So where is the accountability here? The West Australian Auditor-General reports that the sustained social and economic benefits underpinning the decision to proceed with this extraordinary investment, $529 million in total, have not been realised. The justification for the whole Ord is Kimberley development, as it's known, relied heavily on addressing socio-economic disadvantage, and for that, read Aboriginal disadvantage. But the Auditor-General says there's no plan to track and assess any improvement of that disadvantage, and I can understand why, because that would be a source of continuing embarrassment. Sure, there were jobs and plenty of training during the construction of Ord Stage 2, but as the Auditor-General reports, this has not been sustained. Nugget Coombs biographer, Professor Tim Rouse, records in his book, Obliged to be Difficult, that in August 1967, nearly 50 years ago, Coombs toured Northern Australia to inspect the sites of mining, pastoral and agricultural investment. At that time, he was about to resign as Governor of the Reserve Bank, and construction was well underway to create the first stage of the Ord River irrigation area. Aboriginal people were being displaced everywhere, and the sacred sites, not directly destroyed by construction works, would later be submerged by the waters of the newly created Lake Argo. Rouse records that Coombs returned from his survey, wondering how Aboriginal people would survive the incipient boom in the north. Coombs told his colleagues he could not rejoice in Northern development, until he knew how Aboriginal people would find an honourable place within the coming prosperity. His misgiving were well held. I personally travel to Kananara often in my job, and I can tell you it's the same sad old story for Aboriginal people, abject poverty and misery. That is what Coombs was deeply concerned with. God knows how Coombs, an economist by training, would have received the Bleak Assessment of Ord Stage 2 by the North Australian Order of the General. This is why he established the North Australian Research Unit to provide the research capability so that informed public policy decisions could be made, based on the economic, social, cultural and the political realities of the region. If Ord Stage 2 has been a scandalous investment of government monies, Ord Stage 3 has been a cruel curse. It has caused much distress for native land title holders who have been treated as mere pawns, and its promotion by the Territory CLP Government almost destroyed the Aboriginal Area's Protection Authority. Ben Scambri in his paper at Nauru describes how ARPA's assessment of the Keep River Plain as a sacred site was questioned by the Joll's Government. The site was characterised as a dreaming trap, instead of a sacred site, with the implication that ARPA was acting beyond the sacred sites act. The notion that the capital of ARPA could stifle a major development initiative of the government was met, Ben Scambri says, with outrage, that quote, permeated, permutated and seeped through the Northern Territory Government agencies. The Chief Minister himself, Adam Giles, even when so far as to suggest that some sacred sites were in effect not real, being used by ARPA as a way of delaying projects, often in opposition to what traditional owners wanted. Worse, he accused custodians of inventing sacred sites to maximise financial benefit to them from the developments. I know Ben Scambri and work alongside him and his agency closely. I completely accept his description of this behaviour, having encountered it by myself. Further, it convinces me that the CLP at its heart is as ignorant and racist today as it was 40 years ago when it voraciously opposed the introduction of land rights legislation. The real dirty work to subvert the work of ARPA through the Ward Stage III saga was done by the Chief of Staff to the Minister for Community Services, who had responsibility for the sacred sites act and its agency ARPA. That Chief of Staff, a CLP member, weighs war against ARPA. Ben Scambri has characterised his behaviour as a campaign of harassment and intimidation that included personal threats, unlawful directions, negative dispersions against ARPA board members and accusations that the authority was anti-development. The campaign by that Chief of Staff abated only after he was charged with corruption, charges that are yet to be dealt with by the courts. The sort of prejudice demonstrated by the attacks on the integrity of ARPA does not belong just to the elected arm of the CLP and its former army of party hack advisers. It lies also in the heart of the bureaucracy here in the Northern Territory. Scambri identified a traditional culture of bureaucratic opposition to Indigenous land administration frameworks that has its foundations and the earliest conflicts over the Aboriginal Land Rights Act, the Sacred Sites Act and the Native Title Act. Nugget Coombs in 1976 reflected on the persistence of such attitudes when he reviewed his work during the previous decade as chair of the Council for Aboriginal Fears. He questioned whether the dominant white society might lack the spiritual qualities to recognise the reality and virtue of Aboriginal identity and the right of Aboriginal people to assert it. Until the arrogance, the prejudice, the fear that still largely determines their attitude towards Aborigines gives way to humility, generosity and human warmth that can be little grounds for hope of a quick resolution, Coombs said in a lecture 40 years ago. And he continued, if there is a taste of the ashes on the lips of white Australian civilisation, it is because while we have mastered a continent and subordinated a proud people, we have remained in spirit aliens and strangers to it and to them. Ben Scambri iswithstanding the barbarians who wanted to undo the Sacred Sites Act reveal an entrenched culture of opposition by politicians and bureaucrats to Aboriginal rights and interests. And that opposition continues to colour the Northern Development Agenda. In many speeches over the past few years I have lamented the exclusion of Indigenous interest in the public policy discussions about developing the North. We continue to not have a proper place at the planning table even though we all know how critical planning is. We have been mere bystanders as the likes of Andrew Forrest argue that Aboriginal land tenure is an impediment to advancement. Forrest was recruited by an enduring Prime Minister to report on Indigenous training and employment programs. He managed to turn that exercise into an opportunity to tackle Aboriginal land rights in the Northern Territory and criticise land councils, the Northern Land Council in particular. It galls me that a West Australian billionaire miner who has brought trouble on himself by the way his company has negotiated native title agreements with the Yinjibongi people in the Pilbara gets the imprimatur of the Commonwealth Government to lecture the country about land tenure being an impediment to home ownership on Aboriginal land. Anyway, where is the interest in home ownership in remote Aboriginal communities? Where is the market in communities which are home to some of the most impoverished people in this land? For the record, let me tell you this. The Northern Land Council has received and processed only one application for a private housing lease across its whole jurisdiction. That was for a 99-year lease at an outstation called Banyala in North-East Arnhem Land. And do you know what? The lease can't be fulfilled. And not because of any fault of the Northern Land Council, the NLC's full council readily agreed to the grant of the lease in May 2014. The whole lot, the hold up lies with the Northern Territory Government because of the dictates of its Planning Act. Under that law, a lease with a term of more than 12 years is considered to be a subdivision, which in turn requires a plan of survey to be completed and approval of the Development Consent Authority. In remote areas of the Northern Territory, these requirements add considerable administrative burden, cost and uncertainty. That's the regime bequeathed by the former Chief Minister who managed to convince Prime Minister Tony Abbott back in October 2014 to have an urgent investigation under the umbrella of co-ed into Indigenous land administration and land use. The investigation was born behind closed doors without any prior consultation with Indigenous people who would have no input into the terms of reference. Indigenous people and organisations fear the worst that the investigation would result in further erosion of land rights and native title legislation through so-called more efficient processing of land use proposals by third party interests. Finally swayed by those apprehensions, the Commonwealth appointed an expert Indigenous working group to work with the bureaucrats assigned to the co-ed investigation. The Chief Minister's attempt to go through the back door of co-ed to attack the land councils was checked by the safe input of the Indigenous working group. Their statement attached to the final investigation is still worth quoting. They argued that an approach on Indigenous land and waters that does not properly recognise and respect traditional ownership of that land will only lead to ill feeling, project uncertainty and delays. Such an approach, they said, has the effect of diminishing hard fought gains and well established principles around the human rights of traditional owners. In such an approach they continued also has the effect of entrenching the current cycle of welfare dependency and poverty by creating a culture of dependency on government. I could not have put it better myself and I would like to play homage to the late Brian White for his profound contribution to that working group. So in my short term as CEO of the Northern Land Council, I've been in the job for just under three years. Feels like ten. We've had to endure three calculated attempts by the Commonwealth to chip away at our hard fought rights. First the Andrew Forrest review in August 2014, then a month later the report of the Australian Parliament's joint select committee on Northern Australia called Pivot North and the subsequent White Paper on Developing Northern Australia delivered in June 2015 and called Our North, Our Future. And I'd like to ask who's north and who's future. And finally there was the COAG investigation delivered in December last year. This is just the Commonwealth's meddling. Don't forget the Northern Territories meddling too with this review of the Sacred Sites Act which we referred to earlier. And for an organisation like the Northern Land Council, underfunded and under resources we are, responding to those incursions has been needlessly distracting and a cause of constant anxiety for our constituents. The incessant in post of reviews, inquiries and investigations saps a very essence of Aboriginal identity because bureaucrats and politicians refuse to reconcile their relationship with Australia's first peoples. Just what Dr Coons was attempting to settle in the wake of the 1967 referendum. Most importantly, and it's a refrain from some of our council members, in the four decades since the Land Rights Act was enacted, we Aboriginal people in the Northern Territory have spent so much time gaining and then defending our rights that we have not yet secured our future. That's why we at the Northern Land Council want Aboriginal people themselves to have greater opportunity to develop their lands and waters in accord with their aspirations and values. And only a few weeks ago in the run up to the celebration of the 50th anniversary of the Wave Hill Walk-Off, the Northern and Central Land Councils came together for an historic meeting at Calcurringi where Northern development was high on the agenda. The joint full councils criticised the White Paper on developing Northern Australia for its lack of support for Indigenous-led developments and for failing to recognise the aspirations of Aboriginal people to drive themselves the development of their lands and their waters. Because we are intrinsically entwined in the future of the North and want to play a significant role in that future. And there's obvious we own and or have legally recognised rights over more than 90% of the North. Our meeting at Calcurringi called on governments to establish a comprehensive strategy to deliver economic, ecological, social and cultural benefits to Indigenous people in Northern Australia. But we cannot live and hope that governments will deliver. Only last month the management teams of the Northern and Central Land Councils came together in Alice Springs to map out an economic development strategy that meets the diverse needs of Aboriginal people in our regions. The goal is to establish Aboriginal-owned and controlled commercial economies using parts of the Aboriginal free-holder state across the Northern Territory. The aim is to enable true self-determination, having the knowledge to make decisions and the power to enact them in accord with the aspiration and wishes of landowners. What we are seeking to create is a pilot capital fund that will develop in the first instance, farming enterprises on six selected sites of Aboriginal land across the Northern Territory. We seek initial government investment to leverage private investment because security is a key for investors. The best security that traditional owners in the Northern Territory can provide are leases under section 19 of the Aboriginal Land Rights Act. The financial sector has confirmed for us that section 19 leases are able to be used as security. Commercialising a section 19 lease turns Aboriginal landowners into landlords. It enables them to use the land to generate income without losing control over it. This is a fundamental step towards self-determination and self-responsibility. The realisation will depend initially on goodwill and upfront investment by governments. The Aboriginal benefits account would be an ideal source. And given the singular failure of past policies, we say that our model is worth a test drive. The outcome will place Aboriginal people in the driving seat where we rightly belong. But right now at the Northern Land Council, we're going further by laying the foundations to establish a community development unit, which is local control and responsibility at its core. Our progress has been slower than at the Central Land Council, which has been very successful in the business of community development for more than a decade. The CLC model, which we seek to replicate as a set of principles and processes that build self-reliance, strengthen communities and promote good governance through the participation of traditional owners, local people in designing and implementing their own development projects. The community development model helps to direct Aboriginal people's own royalty income streams to projects that both maintain their Aboriginal identity, their language, their culture, and the connection to country and strengthen their capacity to participate in mainstream Australia through improving health, education and employment. It's proven to be innovative and extremely successful, and we at the Northern Land Council are now beginning a journey down that same path. It won't be easy, even within our own organisation there's been questions about whether the sorts of projects which community development seeks to promote should really be the obligation of governments. In other words, are we letting governments off the hook by encouraging royalty recipients to spend their own money on amenities and programs to benefit their own communities. But whether that's the case or not, we know that it's not worth waiting around for governments to deliver, especially in a climate of reduced funding in the Indigenous Affairs portfolio and policy by remote control. Remember, hundreds of millions of dollars were cut from Indigenous budgets in 2014 and 15 by the Abbott Government. And with that came a new administration, the Indigenous Advancement Strategy, or the IAS, which channeled more than 150 programs previously delivered by a range of departments into five funding streams. The ensuing shambles was compounded by machinery of government changes, whereby the management of Indigenous Affairs was folded into the Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet. The move of Indigenous Affairs into PM and CS caused great upheaval, as Laura Tingill noted last year in her quarterly essay Political Abnesia, How We Forgot to Govern. Tingill writes about a lack of experience in the bureaucracy exacerbated by the war on Indigenous self-determination launched by Prime Minister John Howard in 1996. Howard would destroy all vestiges of the Coombs legacy through his attacks on Indigenous organisations, Indigenous rights and reviving old policies of assimilation and paternalism. He went to war on the history of conflict and settlement of this nation by fostering the history wars and his promotion of the likes of Keith Windshuttle. And for the record things didn't improve for Aboriginal people in the Northern Territory under Prime Ministers Rudd and Gillard. But the concurrent move of Indigenous Affairs into PM and CS and the introduction of the IAS laid the ground for a perfect storm. Chaos and confusion has reigned. A damning Senate committee inquiry into the introduction of the IAS found fundamental failures and questioned the evidence base for its design. The inquiries report released in March this year identified a lack of consultation and rushed processes with poor transparency. The IAS has all the hallmarks of the Howard Government's infamous intervention. Top-down, ill-considered policies worked out on the run without consultation and implemented with callous disregard for their impact on Indigenous people. The same could be said about the current government's remote job scheme, the so-called Community Development Program or CDP. Only this week it's been revealed that skyrocketing rates of financial penalties are having harsh and discriminatory impacts on job seekers in remote Indigenous communities. Families and children are fairly penalised in some community stores food sales have dropped since the introduction of this program. The acronym CDP has been cunningly crafted to sound eerily like CDEP, the Community Development Employment Project scheme created on the advice of Nugget Coombs back in the mid-1970s. Coombs' vision for CDEP was beautifully simple as Dr Will Sanders described in his Nugget Coombs Memorial lecture in 2012. That is rather than pay unemployed benefits to lots of Aboriginal people in remote areas, it would be more constructive for them to be employed part-time by local Indigenous organisations to undertake socially useful tasks. And from the simple idea Sanders said was born one of the most significant and in time one of the largest Indigenous specific programs Australia has seen. CDEP underwent various transformations after its introduction by the Fraser government in 1977, but its death was eventually hastened by the Northern Territory Intervention in 2007. CDEP's obituary was written by the Labor Party in 2013 when they replaced it with the disastrous RJCP or the Remote Jobs and Communities Program. But before that dramatic change came about it should be understood that out of Nugget CDEP grew the ranger programs here in the top end and I'm proud to have had a role in that development. The first form we're gathering to talk about post-land rights management and development of the Indigenous State here took place at a place called Numerily on the Blythe River in 1999. About 80 people attended this meeting hosted by the then powerful Bauer Nugget Aboriginal Corporation that itself has a ranger program for our stations called the Joke Rangers. BAC's Joke Rangers and the successful Dimmeru Aboriginal Corporation in north-east Arnhem land were beacons and would I believe make Nugget proud. Why? Because CDEP provided the vehicle for building remote capacity and governance. The ranger groups that grew out of that are now supported by the Australian Government. At last count there are more than 2,600 Indigenous Rangers employed around the country to look after that country as their ancestors have always done. The Northern Land Council is one of the originating institutions for this country and it employs more than 100 Rangers and we simply cannot meet the demand for new groups to be established. But if it wasn't for CDEP and the flexibility it provided the local organisations and people the most successful employment opportunity for Indigenous people in remote Australia would never have got off the ground. And Australia would not be able to meet its international obligations for management of important ecosystems nor engage Indigenous people to do this. This was public policy created in the bush for the bush. I believe that Nugget opened the door for Indigenous people to lead the agenda informed by best practice research. This has happened through the establishment of the North Australian Indigenous Land and Sea Management Alliance or NAOSMA that has been engaged in research and policy development from the ground up since that meeting at Nimerally. NAOSMA is a small institution that I used to head and it was chaired at PDU. Organisations like NAOSMA are critical if we are to realise the potential of Northern Australia and its capacity to engage and enhance the lives of the region's most impoverished people. We simply cannot go forth without the knowledge and consideration of the social and the cultural aspirations of the region's largest land owning group. Today government policies continue to fail spectacularly and that a failure profoundly affects the everyday lives of our constituents. The state of housing in Aboriginal communities is scandalous. Homelessness in the Northern Territory is estimated to be 17 times higher than anywhere else in Australia affecting one in four Aboriginal people. I can't recall seeing so many people living rough in my hometown of Catherine where I was growing up in the 80s and the 90s. The Northern Territory government itself has identified a need for more than 2,000 new houses to meet current demands in Aboriginal communities. On other fronts co-eagues closing the gap targets continue to be elusive. The target for closing the gap in life expectancy is not on track. We still finish up 10 years younger than non-Indigenous people. School attendance rates remain static. The federal government continues to throw tens of millions of dollars a year in its remote school attendance strategy to little effect. In remote Australia the attendance rate of Indigenous children is only 67.4 percent. That is 19.1 percentage points lower than the attendance of Indigenous people in urban schools. No wonder we're paying the price of state sanctioned dysfunction as Aboriginal imprisonment rates in the Northern Territory set global standards set global records, sorry. And still the federal government refuses to have co-executed a new target to close the gap in Aboriginal imprisonment. And now we have the Royal Commission into Child Protection Systems after the four corners laid bare the horrors of the Northern Territory's youth justice system. This Royal Commission will have achieved nothing if it does not come up with real and achievable measures to reduce the numbers of young Aboriginal people being locked up. And I have serious reservations about that, given the possibly short reporting time the Commonwealth and Territory governments have imposed on this Royal Commission. The Commission has set aside only 25 days for formal hearings. That would make it the speediest Royal Commission on recent record and I implore the two governments to agree to a more realistic reporting time. At a recent Land Council meeting I've heard the sorrow and the anger of our members outraged the treatment of their youth in detention. But there are high hopes for this Royal Commission and it would be a betrayal of those hopes if its work was seen to be once over lightly or as a feel good community talkfest. At this stage of this lecture it might be time to lighten up a little and remind you that there have been a couple of uplifting moments this 40th anniversary of the Northern Territory's Aboriginal Land Rights Act. The first was in mid June at a small community called Yarrowland in the Victoria River District. The Narrowman people settled at Yarrowland in 1973 18 months after they had walked off Victoria River Down Station then owned by the Hooker Corporation the Sydney based real estate company. And like the owners of VRD station before him Hooker's had been disgraceful. Like the Gringy the Narrowman people were fed up with their pay and conditions on VRD and in April 1972 they joined the Gringy who had walked off Waveville Station in 1966. After they negotiated their return to a new community at Yarrowland they were among the first to lodge a claim with the Interim Aboriginal Land Commissioner in September 1975 more than a year before the Land Rights Act became a reality. The Interim Land Commissioner recommended their Yarrowland claim to the Commonwealth but it took more than 40 years before they received the title to their lands. Today the most substantial building in Yarrowland is a new police station but the state of the housing stock is a disgrace. Having got title to their land after decades of wrangling with politicians and bureaucrats the Aboriginal people at Yarrowland are now having to wrestle with the offer of a 99 year township lease by the Commonwealth in order to get much needed new housing. Township leases were a creature of the Howard governments amendments to the Land Rights Act in May 2006. As mentioned by the last speaker of this lecture Marion Scrimger the amendments were meant to facilitate a high level of economic development on Aboriginal land. The Aboriginal Torres Strait Islander Social Justice Commissioner was on to it straight away. He reported that the 99 year leasing provision had the practical effect of alienating Indigenous communal land. Ninety nine years he noted was at least four generations and with the potential to create back to back leases there was a high probability that the leases would continue in perpetuity. Then in May 2007 the Howard government established an office of Executive Director of Township Leasing a month before the declaration of the emergency intervention into the Northern Territory. The Executive Director of Township Leasing or EDTL has managed to secure head leases over communities in two small offshore land council regions the Tiwi and the Anandeliakwa. But the Anandeliakwa Land Council which covers a group archipelago in the Gulf of Carton Terrier are now having second thoughts. Chairman Tony Warramabra laments that this surrender to a lease held by the EDTL has taken away community self-control and responsibility and that's been our concern and our argument at the Northern Land Council. The Commonwealth has been sniffing around communities in our region trying hard to sell its township leasing regime but so far without success. At Gumbalanya in the East Arnhem Land the Commonwealth got as far as signing an agreement and principle until the traditional owners fed up with the humbug told them all to go away but not before the Northern Land Council hired a linguist who talked them through the pages and pages of the English language document which constituted the agreement and principle. That exercise quickly convinced us that the traditional owners had no real idea of what was being sold to them. The linguist later reported to us that he found it difficult to reconcile the traditional owners at Gumbalanya could have signed the agreement and principle with the required principle of free, pride and form consent. Now the Commonwealth is knocking on the door of Yarrowland which has just got its land back after a wait of 40 years. How Yarrowland with a population around 300 that fits the Commonwealth's model for township leasing given that it's envisaged curing leases over larger communities is beyond me. It's a measure I suppose of the Commonwealth in relation to establish a footprint within the Northern Land Council region. And the whole business of township leasing has been a long running cause of tension between the Commonwealth and the Northern Land Council. Our argument to the Commonwealth has been if you're so desperate to get a lease why not do it under section 19 of the Land Rights Act the usual vehicle for leasing Aboriginal land whereby the traditional owners themselves through a land trust hold the lease. Late last year the Indigenous Affairs Minister Senator Nigel Scully acknowledged our concerns. He amended the Land Rights Act so the traditional owners themselves can indeed hold the head lease over a township. That way the traditional owners can decide who gets a sub lease rather than some white shirt Commonwealth officers based in Canberra. I use the term white shirt deliberately because it's brought grief upon us in the past or particularly me in the context of township leasing. It's used humorously by Aboriginal people who refer to public servants who are forever flying in and flying out of Aboriginal communities. We use the term white shirts for a poster to educate communities about the publications and the implications of township leasing and it brought upon us the wrath of both the Indigenous Affairs Minister and the Director of Township Leasing. Senator Scully was very formal. He took brave exception to our promulgation of the poster and he reminded us of our obligations under the Public Governance Performance and Accountability Act. He wrote and warned us at the Northern Land Council of the need to discharge our duties in good faith and for a proper purpose. Further he suggested that given the fiscal environment we should reflect on the use of government funding for what he said was an inappropriate campaign. All that growling over in the US poster such as life these days for an independent statutory authority of the Commonwealth. But back to other uplifting moment of the anniversary year followed a week after the hand-backed ceremony at Yarrowland in June. The traditional owners of Cox Peninsula and nearby islands finally had their Kenby land claim realised when Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull handed over the title deeds on June the 21st of this year. It had taken 37 years after the Northern Land Council lodged the Kenby claim with the Aboriginal Land Commissioner. Kenby was the doozy of all land claims in the Northern Territory. Let me remind you that early on the CLP government led by the then Chief Minister Paul Everingham deliberately poisoned the world of public opinion against the claim. And even though that government had known full well that the Northern Land Council was intending to lodge the Kenby claim one of its first acts in December 1978 was to prominent go town planning regulations aimed at choking the claim before it hit the desk of the Aboriginal Land Commissioner. The regulations grossly expanded the boundaries of the City of Darwin to incorporate Cox Peninsula. And because lands within towns could never be claimed under the Northern Territory Land Rights Act the then CLP government of Paul Everingham thought it had cleverly thwarted the Kenby claim. The government's tactics were eventually undone by the High Court which directed the Land Commissioner to consider whether the regulations had been made for the ulterior and improper purposes of defeating the claim and eventually the Land Commissioner found just that. Even so in the subsequent hearing the government refused the Land Commissioner's order to produce all relevant documents about its planning decision. Again, the High Court ruled against the government. The Kenby claim was finally recommended in December 2000 and by then five Land Commissioners had dealt with it. And it still took more than 15 years of complex negotiations after that before the claim was finally settled in April this year. The way the settlement was negotiated, Darwin can still expand on Cox Peninsula but now Aboriginal people themselves are in charge of any future expansion. But the real tragedy of both the Kenby and Yarrowland claims has been that they took far too long to be realised. Far too many Aboriginal people died waiting for their land to be handed back. I now detect a growing and palpable frustration among Aboriginal people in the Northern Territory that the human rights and aspirations are ignored by governments while at the same time they are expected to accommodate this push for Northern Development. At the past two Northern Territory General elections Aboriginal voters have rejected first the Labor Party in 2013 and then the Country Liberal Party again in August of this year. It remains to be seen how furtick on this new Territory Labor Government will be. But the Aboriginal vote can no longer be taken for granted. Neither party has yet demonstrated a fitness to govern for all. Nugget Coombs 40 years ago hinted at dark consequences of failed Indigenous policy. We must learn from the lessons that Nugget's legacy reminds us about, including the role of CDEP. The ranger programs that grew out of CDEP manage some of the most important biodiversity rich ecosystems left on this planet on behalf of all humanity. And we must support the knowledge and language that Indigenous people have gained in living and managing these landscapes for 50,000 years. The ranger programs uphold the relationship between country, people, their laws and their customs. And we must enliven the role of Nugget Coombs North Australian Research Unit and polish the Indigenous lens that he opened for us. Most importantly, policy must be developed by Aboriginal people who have the most to lose in any current policy paradigm. I want to finish this lecture with a quote from Nugget Coombs at the University of Western Australia in 1976. He said, what may however be for us to determine that is non-Indigenous people is whether Aboriginal achievement is one in the context of friendship and respect or whether it must be fought for as in so many lands in bitterness and violence. Let us fervently pray that the wisdom and can prevail in the achievement of better public policy than we've seen in recent decades. Thank you.


54. Arrested in Mui River truck protest Durban police are monitoring the N3 in the vicinity of the Mui River toll plaza to prevent looting of the trucks that had been torched overnight. 23 trucks were set alight. Colonel Thumbakum Healy, KwaZulu Natal police spokesperson, said the incident began on Sunday night when a group of people began throwing objects on the N3 freeway and set some trucks alight. A total of 35 trucks were damaged including those that were set alight. It is believed that the people who were protesting and throwing stones, as well as burning objects, had caused extensive damages to property. A total of 54 people were arrested and will face charges of public violence, Mui Lee said. Local police and neighboring police stations were mobiles at and dispersed a number of people who were looting the burning trucks early this morning. Mhealy said the arrested suspects will appear at the Mui River magistrates court on Monday. The situation is calm today although the road is still blocked due to the trucks that were burned. Police are still monitoring the situation and are on high alert. Traffic is being diverted onto alternative routes for now, she said. A cleanup operation was underway to clear the road of the burnt-out shells of 23 trucks that were set alight on the N3 near Mui River this morning. The situation is calm today although the road is still blocked due to the trucks that were burned. Police are still monitoring the situation and are on high alert. Traffic is being diverted onto alternative routes for now, she said. A cleanup operation was underway to clear the road of the burnt-out shells of 23 trucks that were set alight on the N3 near Mui River this morning. Mkhsala C. Kanda, KwaZulu Natal Department of Transport, Mek, was expected to visit Mui River to conduct an assessment of the scene and speak to law enforcement agencies. Anita Hale, the N3 toll concession spokesperson, said currently the road is closed at Mui River. The northbound traffic is diverted to the R103 to Est Court. The vehicles traveling on the southbound lane is being diverted to Est Court R74 to Grey Town. The KwaZulu Natal Acting Provincial Commissioner Major General Bikilangah has strongly condemned the unlawful protest action along N3 freeway near the Mui River toll plaza last night. This is totally unacceptable and we will not condone people bending their anger by damaging private and public property or blockading our national roads. We will intensify our operations and ensure that those responsible face the full might of the law. Any person who blocks our national roads will be treated as an ordinary criminal and will face the full might of the law. There are many avenues for people to voice their grievances and resorting to criminality is definitely not one of them, he said.


Hey Psych2Goers, and welcome back to another video. Before we start, we'd like to give you a huge thanks for all of the love and support that you've given us. Psych2Go's mission is to make psychology more accessible to everyone, and you help us do that. Now, let's continue. While introversion and quietness often go hand in hand, it's essential to recognize that being quiet does not automatically mean you're an introvert. In fact, quiet individuals can possess unique traits and behaviors that distinguish them from introverts. Introversion is formally defined by clinical psychologist Dr. David Sussman as a personality trait characterized by a focus on internal feelings, rather than on external sources of stimulation. Understanding the distinction between being introverted and simply being quiet can help you better learn more about your own personality, as well as dispel misconceptions surrounding quiet individuals. With that said, here are five psychology-backed signs that you may be quiet, but not introverted. Social engagement. One of the key differentiators between quiet individuals and introverts lies in their preference for social interactions. While introverts often feel rapidly drained by prolonged socializing and seek solitude to recharge, quiet individuals can be quite comfortable in social settings, says Dr. Sussman. Unlike introverts who might actively avoid large groups or excessive stimulation, quiet individuals can tolerate such environments without feeling overwhelmed. They may not actively initiate or dominate conversations, but they do frequently engage with others in their own way, even those they don't know well. Energy restoration. Introverts require significant amounts of alone time to rejuvenate after social interactions, explains therapist Amy Morin. On the other hand, quiet individuals may not necessarily need as much solitude to recharge. They might find moments of quiet reflection or engaging in solitary activities refreshing, but it may not be an absolute necessity for their well-being. Quiet individuals can derive energy from different sources, including group activities and being in the presence of others without actively participating in conversation. Liking this video so far? Don't forget to leave a comment, hit like, and subscribe to support our content. Comfortable in groups. Similar to our earlier point, quiet individuals can comfortably navigate group dynamics without feeling the strong need to assert themselves or seek attention. Unlike introverts who may find the demands of group discussions exhausting, psychologist Dr. Kendra Kobala explains that quiet individuals can participate at their own pace, choosing quality over quantity in their contributions. While they may prefer observing rather than taking center stage, they can adapt to group conversations and contribute when they have something meaningful to say. Communication styles. According to Dr. Kobala, introverts often prefer deep, meaningful conversations and may find small talking, draining, and uninteresting. Quiet individuals, on the other hand, can adapt their communication style depending on the situation. They may engage in small talk when necessary or when it helps create social bonds, but they also appreciate deeper conversations when the opportunity arises. Quiet individuals are comfortable listening and observing, but they're not inherently adverse to social exchanges that may involve casual topics the way most introverts are. This flexibility demonstrates adaptability and willingness to engage with others. Highlighting your comfort in diverse social environments. External stimulation. Introverts tend to rely on internal stimulation, such as introspection and other solitary activities, to find fulfillment. However, if you find yourself seeking external sources of stimulation, such as attending events, participating in group activities, or exploring new environments, it suggests that you derive energy from the external world more than or perhaps equally than you do from your internal world. According to psychologist Dr. Christina Hallett, this could mean that you're either a quiet extrovert or an ambivert. All of these points illustrate that being quiet doesn't automatically equate to being introverted. It's important to make this distinction because while quietness often aligns with introversion, it does not define it. We as a society must recognize that quiet individuals can possess unique personalities and social preferences. If you find yourself resonating with the science discussed in this video, you may indeed be quiet, but not introverted. Embrace your natural disposition and celebrate the diversity of personalities that make our world vibrant and rich. So, what are your thoughts on this video? Let us know in the comments down below. And if you found this video valuable or helpful, please support our work by leaving a like and subscribing. We also have plenty more videos on introversion and personality that you might be interested in, such as 7 Signs You're an Introverted Genius. Till next time.


What's up everybody, Jason here for jaspyscasebreaks.com 2022 Bowman Chrome Sapphire Edition Baseball just sold out. This is a five box hobby break, random teams number one. And again guys, early bird free spot giveaway guys, buy one of the first 16 spots to get entered. All 30 teams in, all spots in, all cards shipped. So here, this dice really here will be for the early bird winners or early bird chances. Name at number one after the randomizer gets placed into this list, that'll make 30 and then we'll randomize the 30 names and the 30 teams. So, same dice roll roll, two into two, four times. Four times, one, two, three, four. Boom, four, four, big dog, Rob, congratulations buddy. Boom, you're the early bird winner. Give you a little character sign there. Now, four times on the list of names in teams, one, two, three, four. Four times, four, four. Copperman down to big dog, Rob. Boom, four times here, one, two, three, four. Four times, Mariners down to the Houston Astros. All right, four, four. So Adam Copper, you have the Mariners, Carter with the D-backs, Mark with the White Tox, Adam with the Blue Jays, D-Mack with the Dodgers, Adam with the Mets, Rob, free spot, Yankees, Mark with the Rays, Adam with the Twins, Zack with the Giants and Cubs, Kyle Harper with the Reds, Paul with the Phillies, Tristan with the Orioles, Charles with the Brewers, the East with the Rangers, Rob with the Nationals, Angels, Charles with the Tigers, Chris with the Red Sox, Tristan with the Rocky, Stacey with the Marlins, Charles with the Padres, Tyler with the A's, Chris Butler with the Gardens, Joe Pizzle with the Cardinals, Chris Butler with the Royals and Braves, Rob with the Pirates and Astros. All right, anybody want to trade? Kyle Hoover gets spots in the contenders and team all break. All right, then trade winner closing, yes. All right, so this is actually coming as a sealed case. So I believe there's 10 in each case. So we'll decide which one we're gonna do here, left or right, and then number two is gonna be for the next one, left or right. One, two, three for the left, four, five, six for the right side. Let's take a look and see what we do here. Two, so one, two, three. So these boxes here on the right side will be used for the next break, which actually is pretty close, actually. Sold a lot of spots while we were doing this randomizer, so I think we're relatively close now. And then we're also getting close to selling out that first little mini team all filler, which is down to 11 left. So the contenders is moving, it's down to 23. The mini team all filler is at 11. Prism team all in general, that eight left, and then XR is halfway there at five left. So again, guys, that one last full spot is gonna sell.  Now you can play the odds game, get it to XR, it's a little bit more pricier, but it's a one in 10 shot, or save just a little bit, get into the prism team all break that gives away two Super Bowl mixture spots, and that's a two and 32 shots, so one in 16 shot, you know. Or save even more than that and get into the contenders for only 60 bucks. One out of 32 shots there. All right, Yosua Garcia, Shane Baz, and then we got a Manny Machado. Well, it looks like the number is nice to bake here on the bottom right. Well, Neil Cruz, nice Wander Franco, there you go. Brian Acunha first. Jason Chirillo. Edison Paulino, tonight at nine first for Boston color. And let me get the sheets, I can show you guys who you guys got just in case you guys missed it. All right, so a couple colors, couple nice rookies, and a couple of nice firsts. We'll get to the next one now. And you can still get something very nice at XR, like a one on one or something like that and be a little bit better than prism chances, but like I said, I mean, they're both good products, both good hits potentially, but I think it's just more about the chance you're risking. A one in 10, one in 16, one in 32. All right, that's a Ulet Ramos rookie color, orange to 25, Torpleson rookie, Harper, and we got a Gabe of Your Eyes and a 25 rookie purple. Looks really nice. Hunter Green, and Oscar Colas first to 99. A little teal, his cards look sharp, guys. This block seems to have a lot more color. Christian Yelich, 25 out of 50. Brewer's going to Charles Wilkill. Ice Christian Vaquero. Chris Bryan is 75 orange, and Max Scherzer to 99. Two more, guys. Is that a variation? I don't feel like I've noticed this card as being his normal card in Bowman Chrome. So this is the one since they ended in 83, but this one ends in 99. This is a short print, isn't it? Chris Butler with the Royals. I think that's a short print. Definitely an image variation, because it ends in 99. Very nice. Got Jordan Walker at a 90 down, good prospect there. Max Munze to 75 for the A's, and a Tatees Jr. to 50. All right, guys, last box, home to 75. Simone Long, Balcazar. We got Marcus Simeon to 99. Willie Finas to 50. All right, guys, this Sapphire edition doesn't really have the autos, you're just looking for the colors. And we did manage to get a lot of nice colors, not a lot of nice players in general. Didn't see a Hulio in there. We did get a Wander Franko Sapphire, amongst other nice colors here, like I said. Vaquero, and then of course the Bobby Wood, I think is the biggest one for sure. That's a short print Sapphire. So I appreciate you guys. This is in the store at JasperCaseRace.com.