My dear students in this video we are going to discuss about some of the commonly asked questions and answers in your clinical social case presentation while appearing community medicine practical exams. In this presentation I have selected important 20 questions for the discussion. The first one is socio-economic scales. These are the socio-economic scales which is commonly used. Basically when we are applying the socio-economic scales we need to apply based on the residential area whether it is the urban area, a rural area or some scales which can be used in both the settings. The commonly recommended scale is a modified Kuppusami scale for urban area. Uday Pariks and Kulashayitras classifications will be for rural area. The other classifications which can be used in both the settings are standard of living index by Parashuraman et al, APL and BPL that is above poverty line, below poverty line classification, wealth index and modified BG Prasad's classification. First is about the modified Kuppusami scale. This socio-economic status classifies families based on income, occupation and literacy. I give the mnemonic IOL that is income, occupation and literacy. Each category has separate scores as given here. So based on the education of the head of the family I repeat based on the education of the head of the family the following scores will be given and based on the occupation of the head the following scores can be given and the family income per month will be given like this. So the scores will be here, the income will be raised based on the recent consumer price index update. So usually you will get a updated modified Kuppusami scale based on this CPA. So the recent version which I am using here is for the March 2023 CPA. Based on this the classification cut-offs will be like this. We have online calculators for this modified Kuppusami scale you can use and the scores will be like this. So after this each scores of IOL that is income, occupation and literacy should be added and based on that we need to classify the socio-economic status into upper, upper middle, lower middle, upper lower and lower. Then the most commonly used scale is modified BG Prasad's classification. This can be used for both urban and rural settings. So the original classification is like this. This is based on per capita income of the family. So original classification has the cut-offs level like this. There is a latest revision based on the consumer price index of March 2023. So the cut-offs has been revised. Based on that socio-economic class will be divided into class 1, class 2, 3, 4 and 5. One is the topmost class and 5 is the lowest class. The second most important question is how will we identify a rural area and urban area. The definition for urban area has been taken from the census document and urban area is the one which fulfills the following criteria. Whenever the municipality, corporation, containment board or notified town area has been declared as an urban area or a place satisfying following three criteria simultaneously will be considered as the urban area. Those three criteria are the minimum population of 5000 in that area and at least 75% of the male working population will be engaged in the non-agricultural occupation. And the third criteria is a density of at least 400 persons per square kilometer or roughly 1000 per square mile. If these three criteria are simultaneously satisfied you can consider that area as urban area even if the place was not declared as a urban area and whenever the area is not fitting into the any of the definition of this urban area then you can call that area as the rural area. So according to the same census document 2001 all those areas who do not fulfill the criteria for urban area can be grouped as rural area. Now what is a slum? We can use the term underprivileged areas rather than using slums. The same census document defines slum as all specified areas in a town or a city notified as a slum by the local estate government union territory administration under the slum act. All areas recognized as slum by the administration housing and slum boards which may not have been formally notified as slum under any act. A compact area of population of at least 300 should be there are about 60 to 70 households of poorly built congested tenements in unhygienic environment usually with inadequate infrastructure and lacking in proper sanitary and drinking water facilities then you call those areas as a slum. The next important question is what is a family? Family is defined as a group of individuals who are biologically related or by the institution of marriage living together and eating from the same kitchen. So here there are two important points that is group of individuals who are related either biologically or by marriage they live together and eat from the same common kitchen. Now there are various types of families the most common types of families are nuclear family three generation family and joint family. When a question is asked what is a nuclear family you have to answer it. A nuclear family is one which consists of a married couple living with their children while the children are still regarded as the dependent on the couple. They share the common dwelling place husband plays a dominant role usually greater burden in terms of responsibilities for child rearing is is observed in nuclear families more intimate relationship between husband and wife will be there in a nuclear family new families or nuclear families that are less than 10 years old. Now what is a joint family? A joint family is the one where in a number of married couples and their children live together in the same house the men are all related by blood the property is held in common usually there is a common purse to which all money goes and family expenditure is met by that common purse the senior most male member will be the head of the family and takes all decisions. Here you have to remember a head of the family is a person who takes the major decisions in the form family and not necessarily the eldest member or the male member or more earning member here in this case in the joint family the male member senior most member will be commonly the head of the family his wife is the head of the woman in the family the family relations enjoys primacy over marital relations now the last category of the type of the family is three generation family it is a family where representatives of three generations are living together that is grandparents parents and their children young married couples continue to stay with their parents and have their own children as well this is fairly common in countries like India where married couples find it difficult to find separate accommodation it has some of the advantages of the joint family with regards to the responsibility in upbringing of the children in urban areas with working women it has more relevance the grandparents can take care of the children in the absence of their parents also senior citizens of the family stay with the young couple they are taken care by supporting them then the next question is about the degree of consignority there are four degrees of consignority identified the first degree is the marriage between siblings that will be called as incest and will not be followed in anywhere in this globe the second degree consignority is usually the marriage between the uncle and the niece that is girl marrying her mother's brother the third degree consignority is the marriage between first cousins that is girl marrying her uncle son or aunts son the fourth degree consignority that is the marriage between second cousins or between the people with the relationship beyond second cousins or a far off relationship all fall under this category so we have four degrees of consignority now the next question is the type of house that is pakka house or kaccha house pakka house is the one where floor roof wall are all made of impervious material the pakka house usually last long and does not allow rain water insects snakes and other animals to come into the house it gives good shelter to the inmates it protects from cold heat and dampness on the other hand kaccha house floor roof or wall is made up of a pervious material then you consider it as a kaccha house unburned bricks bamboos mud grass touch loosely packed stone all comes under this kaccha house category that is about pakka house and kaccha house next is about overcrowding overcrowding refers to the situation in which the people are living within a single dwelling compared to the space which they have so that the movement is restricted privacy is compromised hygiene is impossible and the rest and sleep will be difficult in those conditions operationally overcrowding can be identified using three criteria person per room criteria and gender separation criteria and the last one that is per capita floor space so person per room we have the categories like this that is one room two person two room three person three room five person four room seven person and five or more rooms ten persons additionally two room for each room for gender separation the definition is male and female greater than nine years of age other than husband and wife living in the same room will be considered as overcrowding for per capita floor space for the calculation babies under 12 months will not be considered and children between 1 to 10 years of age will be counted or half from a unit per capita floor space should be 7200 so anything which is less than this will be considered as overcrowding so overcrowding can be operationally identified using person per room criteria or gender separation criteria or your per capita floor space criteria now when do you call the lighting is adequate in the house lighting is adequate if the inmates of the house are able to read small letters of a newsprint in all corners and in the center of the room then it will be considered as the adequate lighting if the person is illiterate you have to check whether the person can pick stones from the grains in all corners and in the center of the room then you can call the lighting is adequate in that room the daylight factor should exceed one percent over half the floor area so daylight factor is the daylight availability metric that expresses as a percentage the amount of daylight available inside a room compared to the amount of unobstructed daylight available outside under overcast skies conditions for casual reading we need 100 lux of illumination and for general office work 400 lux of illumination for fine assembly we need 900 lux of illumination very severe task more than 1000 it can go up to 3000 depends upon the work so that is about adequate lighting criteria then we have adequate ventilation criteria when do we call a house adequately ventilated window area should be at least one-fifth of the floor area in urban areas and one-tenth in the rural area doors and windows combined they should have two-fifth of the floor area so depending upon the window floor area and window door floor area we will identify adequacy of ventilation next is about the sources of water the various types of sources include rain or surface water from impounding reservoirs rivers and streams tanks ponds and lakes then we have ground water which can be divided into shallow wells deep wells and springs the most commonly used source of waters will be either shallow well or deep well now what are the different household methods used for purification of water you can recommend boiling chlorine tablet single tablet of 0.5 grams that is 500 milligram for 20 liters of water then you can add chlorine solution high-test hypochlorate then you can add iodine tablet you can recommend filters then the RO filters the most efficient highly recommended method of household purification of water then you can recommend bleaching powder potassium permanganate storage and sieving also can reduce the impurities present in the water these are all the methods that can be recommended as a household purification of water when a latent can be called as a sanitary latent to tell a latent to be sanitary there should be a water seal present then the sewage should be connected to the sewage tank then there should be a 24-hour water supply the purpose of water seal is to prevent odour from escaping out and to prevent the breeding of flies and insects from outside then it should be well connected to the distribution system or to the septic tank in order to prevent the pollution of water and soil in the surrounding area and of course the 24-hour water supply so water seal should be present it should be connected to either a proper distribution system or a septic tank the third one is the 24-hour water supply for the criteria of sanitary latent and what are the breeding habits of mosquito usually anaphyllis prefers fresh flowing water aides prefers artificial collections of water kulaks prefers dirty stagnant water myonsonia prefers the root lids of certain aquatic plants then the common question is about the dietary requirement for dietary requirement we have separate energy requirement and protein requirement this is for adult male and this is for the adult female an adult sedentary male requires 2,110 kilocalories moderate activity adult male requires 2,710 kilocalories heavy activity adult male requires 3,470 kilocalories protein requirement is as per the weight of the individual that is 0.83 gram per kilogram which is same for female also for adult female doing sedentary activity she needs 1,660 kilocalories moderate activity needs 2,330 kilocalories heavy activity 2,720 kilocalories needed infants about 100 kilocalories per kilogram is needed 125 years it is 79 kilocalories 6 to 10 years it is 68 kilocalories per kilogram 11 to 17 years male it is 56 kilocalories per kilogram 11 to 17 years female it is 51 kilocalories per kilogram the same way the protein requirement also gets reduced that is from for infants it ranges between 1.5 to 2 grams per kilogram which gradually reduces to about 0.86 grams per kilogram in case of 11 to 7 years female pregnancy usually 350 kilocalories of energies recommended additionally and for the protein it is 9.5 grams during the second trimester additionally and 22 grams during the third trimester is recommended additionally above the normal recommendations based on the physical activity and during lactation first six months 600 kilocalories additionally needed and 17 grams of protein is additionally needed the next six months it is 520 and 13 grams which is additionally needed then about the BMA classifications we have two classification our one is the WHO classification of BMA that is the body mass index which is expressed in weight divided by height 18 kilogram divided by 18 meter square so when it is less than 18.5 you call it as under weight normal range is 18.5 to 24.99 over weight is 25 to 29.99 for every five increase it will be from normal range will be over weight over weight obesity grade 1 obesity class 2 obesity class 3 so the class interval here is 5 but for Asians the body mass index is slightly reduced under weight it is less than 18.5 normal range is 18.5 to 22.9 that is anything above 23 BMA is considered as over weight up to 25 it is considered as over weight about 25 to 29.9 it is obesity grade 1 and above 30 is obesity grade 2 that is about BMA classifications based on WHO and Asian population now waste circumference how to measure this waste circumference for WHO protocol the measure is taken at the midpoint between the highest point of the iliac crest and the last floating rib so this is the WHO point which recommends the midpoint between the last floating rib and highest point of the iliac crest whereas the NIH protocol recommends waste circumference should be taken at the highest point of the iliac crest that is here we need to take for hip circumference it should be measured around the widest portion of the buttocks with the tape parallel to the floor for both hip circumference and waist circumference the subject should stand with the feet close together arms at the side and the body weight evenly distributed and should wear little clothing the subject should be relaxed the measurement should be taken at the end of the normal expiration each measurement should be repeated twice if the measurements are within one centimeter of one another then the average should be calculated now what are the cutoff points for this waist circumference and hip circumference WHO classification mentions waist circumference greater than one or two centimeter for males and greater than 88 centimeters for women is considered abnormal whereas waist hip ratio greater than or equal to 0.9 and greater than or equal to 0.85 is considered abnormal how to calculate the weight of the baby based on the age that is the expected weight and height based on the age the most commonly used to formula for this calculation is the reaches formula so it gives you the expected weight in kilograms up to one year of age you have to go with this formula that is age in months plus nine divided by two one to six years it is age in years into two plus eight six to twelve years it is age into seven minus five by two then we can calculate the expected height up to twelve years height in centimeter will be derived using age in years into eight plus seventy seven formula that is six six plus seventy seven will give height in centimeter so based on this we calculate the expected and expected weight and height of the child so from there we go to the IAP classification for weight for age and water load classification for height for age then we classify the degree of malnutrition degree of stunting etc then about the midterm circumference midterm circumference is commonly used for children between one to five years because it is an age independent parameter of measurement normal is above 13.5 centimeters when it is less than 13.5 up to 12.5 centimeter it can be called as mild malnutrition or mild malnutrition 11.5 to 12.5 is at risk and less than 11.5 will be considered as severe malnutrition or severe malnourishment now the last one is the national immunization schedule which is very important not only for your exams but also for your life and practice i'm not going to tell about national immunization schedule in this slide because i have separate video for this national immunization schedule to easily remember age site route of administration of different vaccines for different age groups is given in a separate video it is provided in the description cards and also in end screen also check out the video and learn about national immunization schedule thanks for watching this video hope this video was useful to you if you like this video please click on the like button if you find it will be useful to your friends please share it with your friends once again thanks for watching this video


Everybody forced to rip in a box of 2023 revolution WWE for Mitchell H. Here we go Appreciate a Mitchell best of luck here Stargazing of Lesnar rookie Astro Maxine the pre Astro Maxine the pre brawn breaker base under the Giants Groove of a big E On the groove Strowman Shotzi Apollo Cruz In the heart well Gunther on the shockwave followed by numbered card here, and it is rowdy Roddy Piper Rowdy writer rowdy Roddy on the impact 194 of 199 and a Quincy Elliott Seamus Steiner there Randy Orton on the Astro. Yeah, wrestling time the The a hail the Miz Big wrestling tomorrow WWE of max lock B fab That is a Revolutionary finishers Bianca Belair with a fractal of JD McDonough eight Damage control there.  Let's keep it going here Stargazing of a JBL Astro carry on across Selena Vega, there is a really cool Gallus Mark coffee a Wolfgang there in a groove of Ronda Rousey that'll do it. Thanks again Mitchell. Congrats on the Lava Randy Orton. We'll get those out to you


Hey everybody, this is Brett with Summit Auto in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin. You're new and use Jeep and Jeep Grand Cherokee headquarters and today I am super excited to show you this brand new, our very first 2021 Jeep Grand Cherokee L edition. So this one has the third row. It also has the 3.6-liter Pentastar V6 motor which pumps out 293 horsepower, 260 foot-pounds of torque. It's going to get you 25 miles per gallon on the highway 18 city and then combined total of 21 miles per gallon. This is a Summit reserve package so this one has just about every option you could get and it is in silver Zenith paint. So it's got a little bit of metallic to it. We shoot all of our videos in 1080p 60 frames per second so if you have HD capabilities on your computer, tablet, smartphone, television, turn them on right now because it is your best way to check out the looks, styling, and options of the vehicle before seen in person. We're going to go through just about everything on this vehicle. I'm going to go fast because there's a lot to cover. First thing I like to point out is the redesign of the front end. It has the projector lamp, LED headlamps, LED running lights, LED fog lamps. We'll turn those on at the end of the video so you can see how nice and bright those are. You get the new design on the grille. It's kind of a more flat design than the old ones. You can actually see it's a little bit, it's almost 90 degrees there so pretty good looking. Lower grille looks pretty good as well. It still has the adaptive cruise controls, the front bumper sensors. This one has the 21-inch painted and polished aluminum rims and it has continental cross contact tires. These are 27545R21s. You get an all-terrain tread pattern on there. This one has the Quadra Track 2 system. It also has a Quadra Lyft system like the block lettering grand Cherokee logos there. You do get the American flag on there. That's a good look too. We'll take a look at the original window sticker. Feel free to pause this. I'm not going to go through everything but it is a 2021 Grand Cherokee L Summit Reserve. Silver Zenith is the color. Global black interior color. Interior is Palermo leather seats, 3.6 liter, 8-speed automatic. Everything on the left are your standard features. I didn't notice that a new one on here is drowsy driver detection so you can tell when somebody's falling asleep at the wheel apparently. It'll alert you. Interior features. This one has the U- Connect 5 navigation system with the 10.1-inch display Apple CarPlay and Android Auto which are now Bluetooth capable. Nine amplified speakers with subwoofer and everything on there is your standard equipment. A lot of that is null-invoided by the Summit Reserve Group 22U which is a $3,000 option gives you those 21-inch rims, the Palermo leather seats, the 19-speaker high performance Macintosh audio system, active noise control system, 950 watt amplifier-vented rear seats, deluxe headliner Palermo leather door trim. This one has the Advanced Protect Group which is a $19.95 option. It gives you heads-up display, night vision with pedestrian animal detection, rear view, auto-dimming, digital mirror display, interior rear-facing camera, and luxury tech group which gives you the wireless charging pad and manual second-row window shades. Total MSRP is $66,275 if you want to check out all the pricing on this one in the upper right hand-padded screen as they link to our website to get all your Summit discounts and rebates. Three-year 36 bumper-to-bumper five-year 60 powertrain. Your fuel economy is right there 25 highway 18 city 21 average and it's not rated for government crash test ratings just yet. We'll get back to this interior which is pretty awesome but I just wanted to come around to the back first off four-wheel disc brakes. They haven't changed that. The back styling I believe is really good. LED tail lamps, you get the dual exhaust tips right there, has a towing package so it gives you receiver hitch four pin and seven pin wiring. You get the L logo there signifying that it has the third row backup parking sensors and you get the Summit Grand Cherokee badge right there. Kind of hard to see the Grand Cherokee in there. I wish they would have made that a little bit different color and the L logo I could take it and leave it. I do like the new button for the back that pops up pretty nicely. There's your cover for the receiver hitch that works just like they always have with those four tabs at the top and the two screws in.  So these are power third row seats and all you have to do is press these buttons right here and they will go down. They are not the fastest but they go down nice and smoothly and then you can put that second row down as well by pressing one of these buttons. We'll do the driver side and you can see that those go down pretty nice and flat as well because this one has a center console. It'd be kind of hard to slide things up there but you get the idea.  Like I said they're not the fastest but they do go up very nice and smooth. To get this gate down you press that button it'll beep at you three times like they always have. On the third time it'll come on down. It actually beeps at you a total of four times. Back up parking sensors back here still has the capitalist fuel fill which is a nice feature. You do get the heated mirrors blind spot monitoring directional signals on there but now this is really and this is the summit reserve so you know this is the top of the line the best that you pass the offer on this vehicle and you can see that it is fantastic. You get the quilted leather the Palermo seats give that silver piping on there both these seats are heated cooled and they also have a new feature on this Grand Cherokee redesign massaging backrests which pretty amazing. Auto headlamps power tilt power telescopic steering wheel the other great thing about this summit reserve packages look at this wood grain trim this is this is real wood this is not you know fake wood this is this is real I mean it looks as real as you can get so really cool you get the quilted leather door inserts power windows power locks power mirrors these mirrors do power fold in I've yet to figure out how to get that to happen but it's new so you get your memory driver seat and then you have your massaging backrest button right there. We'll hop inside take a look at the all-new instrument cluster the all-new radio for this Grand Cherokee and you can see that that entire screen is lit up which is really cool. You get your speedometer on there your digital speedometer your digital instrument cluster you can change your views by pressing this button and then it'll bring up all your different screens that you can have and then you just toggle with the buttons over there and whichever one you select you just hit enter and it'll go to it. The steering wheel is redesigned this year so you get the wood grain trim on there the black trim as well up here your instrument controls as of course and then your Bluetooth controls paddle shifters audio controls on the back still get the thumb pads on there you get the adaptive cruise control this is for active driving assist and lane detection so that's what that button does there and now here is the you connect 5 10 inch 10.1 inch radio has the factory navigation system on it AM FM Sirius XM radio capabilities there's really a lot to go through on this radio you can connect your cell phone to it from Bluetooth and run Android Auto or Apple CarPlay through Bluetooth onto the radio so that is really cool you have your different comfort settings right here including your massaging seats you can select what you want if you want it on if you want a high medium low driver passenger really really cool and then you have your rear controls right there for your air digital dual climate controls you can do all your climate controls down there as well and the other really cool thing about this vehicle are all the cameras that you can do so you have the forward facing camera which if you're off-road those are dynamic gridlines they kind of show you where you're going to be driving to and then you have your backup camera there as well and you can zoom in over your receiver hitch to get hooked up to your boat camper trailer the first time every time this one will haul 6200 pounds with the 3.6 in it and then with the 5.7 Hemi you'd haul up to 7200 pounds so definitely useful there you also have your surround view camera and one thing about the camera is it's HD now a lot of the jeeps had gone to HD the Grand Cherokee was behind because it hadn't been redesigned yet but now that it's redesigned you get that HD camera you get the 360 camera there as well you can do a narrow view in back a wide view in back a wide view in front or a narrow view in front or you can just go to your backup camera again so it's really cool you can get all tall those cameras from here then the last thing I want to show you is the fam cam which is really cool so you got kids they're fighting or they're just not behaving you want to see who's doing it well the guys in the third row seat that they're the ones making the trouble no what about the second row okay now you can zoom in on each individual seat these you can see on the right there which is really cool too so just a lot of really neat stuff you can do with this radio too much to go over in this video you get your start stop capabilities lane departure stability control your parking sensors and your perpendicular and parallel park assist down here you get two USBs two USB C's and aux jack wireless cell phone charge pad this is your quadra track to system everything's just like it used to be except it's different buttons and toggle switches now to get in the snow mode you just press it up like so you know also a four-wheel drive low mode a sport mode your neutral setting for flat towing and your downhill assist control this is for your ride height control and if we press that up I'll show you you can actually see the vehicle raising like so you can go to normal ride height or you can go to off-road mode one and that button or that light right there indicates that you're going up and you can physically see it going up and then there's off-road mode two key fobs are different this year they're a rectangular key fob I kind of like them they're nice and chunky they look really good easy unlock lock remote start power rear gate very easy and good-looking this one also has the new ambient lighting as you can see underneath that woodgrain trim you get a red light now you can change those colors to pretty much anything you want but let's just take one second to look at this dash and how nicely it's laid out everything flows really good into the door almost seamless especially on this summit reserve package it's just really a good-looking interior on top of that you have the premium headliner which is the suede headliner this one also has the panoramic sunroof and second-row fixed glass your controls up here are very similar to the ones on the new Ram and G products assistant SOS buttons map lights and then your sunroof and sunshade controls it has the home link buttons for your garage door security systems and lane systems has the rear view camera mirror so you can have it as a camera so it's actually taking a video of what's behind you or you can have your normal mirror and that's a really neat system the other interesting thing is that this one has the heads-up display which is a new option on the Grand Cherokees and you have your digital spinometer in the windshield we'll take a quick look at the back seats and then we'll walk around the vehicle with all the lights on here so the second-row seats that seat is down put it up like so and you get the same trim back here back here your rear air controls heated and cooled seat buttons you get two more USBs two more USB C's another 115 volt 150 watt plug-in everything's trimmed out the same it does have the side window shades which is new on the Grand Cherokees obviously for this year which is a nice feature to have especially if it's very sunny where you live and you have young children that trim is the same on the back doors I do like that the Macintosh logo lights up there to get to that third row you just grab this handle right here that seat will actually slide up and kind of stay there notice you do get the Berber floor mats back here and they're pretty similar to the Durango's as far as how you get into them and the room back here I'm actually gonna hop in here it's pretty easy to get into I'm six foot and if I'm sitting back here my knees are not touching the seat in front of me they're close but they're not touching so I mean like I could ride comfortably back here the other nice thing is that you get a you get a USB and a USB C charger on both sides so if you do have smaller kids back here they can charge their electronic devices and whatnot and if you're wondering where that Famcam is it's right there and you can see that suede premium headliner seats are pretty comfortable and I'll hop out here it's not too hard to get out and to get that seat back all you got to do is press it down and the other thing about these second row seats is that they slide up and back you do get the nice center console there there's a little bit of storage in there as well and you get the ambient lighting in the back as well underneath the seats and as promised I'll do one more final walk around here with all the lights on for you LED tail lamps look really good notice the black gloss black painted roof get the roof rack rails up there and just a really good job on the redesign from the exterior to the interior I think this was very well thought out it was a long time coming and they I believe they really knocked it out of the park on this particular redesign and I'd like to personally thank you for checking out the video hopefully from this HD video you'll have gotten a really good look at the all-new Jeep Grand Cherokee L in silver Zenith metallic and to see more pictures of this Jeep or one of our other 450 new and used cars trucks SUVs minivans Wranglers you name it we got it go to that website right there www.summitauto.com full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle from two locations all at summit auto.com and if you'd like to check out more HD videos you can go to youtube.com slash summit auto remember to like subscribe and share and click the bell notifications on this video and all the videos that you see there in fact in a second you will see a link to subscribe to our YouTube channel in the upper left a link to more Jeep Grand Cherokee videos like this one the upper right a link to this vehicle on our website in the lower left and link to one of our latest YouTube videos in the lower right click those check us out remember to like subscribe and share we do videos each and every day click those bell notifications and you'll get updated every time we post one of those videos thanks again and we're super excited to be offering the new Jeep lineup which includes the 2021 Jeep Grand Cherokee L in silver Zenith metallic thanks again for checking out the video


Cuellar Park was named after a police officer who was killed in line of duty Forget his first name Richard, maybe This is quite this is now peter's part of Cuellar Park We we did we got the ball diamonds that now the ball diamonds are named after Rudy Ortiz So we got the ball diamonds. We got basketball courts And the swimming pool was already here and the park was So this this is a Cuellar Park


Welcome everybody. I am really excited because today we are here with Deanna Montero and she's going to talk about her unique approach to helping people in their horsemanship journey and the way she starts people on their journey is through understanding the horse through sculpture and and learning how to sculpt the anatomy of the horse as you are as you're learning about the horse and she's able to do this online which I think is really cool and and then in through doing that it makes you a much better rider trainer and partner to your horse because you're actually able to understand how the biomechanics of the horse works and this is such an important thing that's oftentimes missed I feel so welcome Deanna and I'm here with Jack as well. So welcome Deanna. So if you could share just a little bit about your your story. So I got started teaching anatomy I'm a professional sculptor and I started I've had my horse since he was a baby so my story kind of goes back to that time I got him when he was four months old I was 16 and illusion dream you know dream come true that journey lasted a long time he was 15 and I ended up sending him back to the breeder because I have my family now and I'm dedicating more to teaching and really being able to provide for him what he deserves and what he needs at the moment I'm not able so that that he's in a beautiful place right now but I my journey started with him and I learned about anatomy to help him after I had put him in training came back to me and he had some major issues he didn't want to be ridden he didn't want to be groomed and so I started looking into how I might be able to help him and I started you know I had been sculpting for a long time sculpting horses and I started to think well I'd like to learn more anatomy I'd like to know more about it and understand you know more in depth the conversations that I have with my veterinarian and how I might be able to communicate better what I'm trying what I'm seeing and feeling and maybe understand my horse better so I started sculpting the skeletal form the muscular skeletal structures and everything and I actually was able to find a path that led directly to his healing through my understanding of the anatomy building it in the clay which is you know a three-dimensional way of understanding so it's pretty real you know apart from like working with the actual skeletal you know pieces that we can we you know dissecting or whatever perhaps it's not something that everybody would like to do so it's it's a it's a nice option so you can you can build every structure in every form and really understand it at a very you know fine detail level so as I started doing that I I was searching for different methods different training methods different ways to build his muscles and try and help him heal in certain parts of his body because I could tell you know things hurt and I wanted to ride but he wasn't enjoying it so I wanted us both to have in have that enjoyment not just force him to do what I wanted you know or what forced him to give me what I wanted you know I wanted him to enjoy himself as well so when I started to really see results about two and a half years of really studying applying and working with him I was able to start riding him again he was really you know communicating and happy excited to be with me because it's just a completely 360 around and I started to I would before that I was kind of observing other riders and their relationships with their horses and the things that they talked about they struggled with that were just so similar to my struggles and the things that I saw with my horse and things I wanted to you know improve or heal or whatever so then I started thinking well I think this information is just too good to keep to myself and I wanted to try and figure out a way that I could bring it to as many questions as possible and online seemed to be one of the ways that I could do that internationally so I started filming the anatomy in clay so that I could offer it on three courses online and people could start learning you know the skeletal structure the muscular structure and then talk about biomechanics even though a sculpture of course doesn't move but we can understand the biomechanics from the way that things fit together and the consequences of you know perhaps the development in certain under certain patterns that we might have in training or over years so there's lots of different ways that the the student can learn even though they're not directly interacting with the horse through the through the clay and then that's transferred to okay well I can make connections now I understand the back is built you know a certain way and the horse needs to be able to lift his back so that he can support the rider and then just having that mental picture and that understanding of how the muscles are developed can ask the horse to do things that are healthy for his body rather than you know the opposite that causes long-term damage so that that's pretty much the story in terms of what brought me to what I'm doing now so well that's fantastic and I think it's a huge piece of the puzzle I mean understanding the body and how the horse's body and how it works it's it's similar to ours but it's also a very different and and in order for people to really see when they're riding the things that they'd actually like to be seeing and to know the why and the how behind it they've got they've got to get some understanding of how all of these pieces fit together and what a wonderful way to do it because it's so hands-on it's it's aesthetic you know it's you're able to actually work with all of the little pieces and I would imagine you do it do do it in like layers or how do you how do you okay tell us a bit about the process because I think that'd be really interesting yeah for sure okay so the teachings of sculpt the skeleton first right cool and so this is actually a tutorial I'm putting together right now it's going to be available pretty soon okay and I teach them just with nothing we start with a ball of tin foil and then we sculpt the the bones over and I talked about different bones and how they fit together and you know things like you know the jaw for instance how it's sensitive from the horse and if it gets damaged what happens to the body how it might affect the back and all of those those kinds of things so I go into it not in super into a whole lot of detail because it's just a skull but I do talk about that one and then I also do you know the other layers so in this particular one where I talked about the both I use a different colored clay for the different layers right that is so cool it's it's a lot of fun I love it and I think it's a great way to retain the information because like you said it's tactile it's kinesthetic and so because you're building it you have not only the opportunity to you know shape it and feel it but you're you're kind of taking your time you're you're building that it and it takes time to do it so you're you're thinking about that one piece for a while so it kind of ingrains pretty pretty quickly the other part that a lot of people don't realize is that there's a lot of feel that's involved in sculpting to which transfers directly to writing right it's not only about anatomy it's about learning how you're using your hands and how you're using your body as well while you're sculpting so that you can achieve what you want in the clay and if you you know once you internalize that idea and know that those techniques you can transfer that to you know not only your hands how you're using your hands with the reins but also how you're using the rest of your body in the saddle so it's a lot more abstract you know technique that you learn from sculpting but it's a it's definitely applicable yeah go ahead yeah let's so neat because I never I wouldn't have thought that you would be bringing both the the mental mindfulness kind of be present date which is required in this as well as the feel I mean these are all such important things that we need to work on on away from the horse so what a perfect way to do it yeah what a perfect way to do it through sculpture and through understanding the anatomy of the horse and I'm sure people are astonished at how like something small up here at the head clearly is a you know affects all the way back to that last vertebra on the tail and how interconnected that all is and you mentioned you know using feel as well so this is you know a chance for them to sit there I'm sure that people can close their eyes sometimes and feel clay but I mean it's different than just seeing a video or a picture or having somebody say oh look at the horse it's stretching through its back now you're actually like in there yeah and like you said they take time to like process so that's because yeah we're not very patient so by having that that clay there it's like we feel like you know we're doing something right so I love it and right now are more are you finding more and more people are doing this since they're at home how's that going for you yes yes there's a lot of people that are very interested in it maybe it's a great opportunity because we have I don't know what the situation is I'm sure it's different everywhere but we have with COVID-19 going on right now a lot of owners that actually can't see their horses there so the barns are closed today the trainers and the grooms are taking care of the horses so it's a great opportunity for people to stay connected and refine their techniques without actually you know being in the saddle or or being with their horses right so yeah it's been it's been a good thing I think for people yeah for sure for sure and it's so interesting so like like let's delve into you showed the skull and the bones of the skull so can you tell us a little bit because I've heard a lot about how like when you have a noseband on a horse let's say and you put the noseband on real tight and now you're asking the horse to flex and that jaw doesn't have the ability to drop down in the way it needs to to facilitate that you know that flexion can you talk to us just like about things like that I'd be real interested I'm sure the people listening would be real interested in how this all kind of fits together yes and atomically what happens when the horse is you know behind the vertical or he's put in to a position where he's not able to move his head upward that it stretches see one and two and right behind so right at the connection of the head to the neck and you can actually physically see a bulge right there when that stretches out and a lot of people will refer to it as like what is this broken at the third vertebrae yep that's here is what I heard so so yeah that's that's probably one of the most visible things that you can see in terms of you know what when the head is down like that and you can actually see it immediately and if the horse stays in that position it will become permanently you know a permanent bolt and it can heal though depending on you know how severe it is through the stretching and asking the horse to you know lengthen his his spine but what happens is it doesn't of course stay in the pole it causes tension in the mouth and then that causes tension throughout the whole spine and in all the junctions stop body so it you know like you'd mention earlier the connection from the mouth to the last vertebrae tail it it's it's amazing because it can show up in the lumber vertebrae which start to you know bunch together and they start to push up so that's where we will start to see you know the kissing spines in different parts of the back or also affect the position of the pelvis too so depend but of course this it's all multi-factor there's multi factors going on here depending on how the horse is kept how often he's moved what kinds of exercises he does does he jump the dressage whatever and how the rider of course does exercises so everything plays into all of these things but yeah the just going behind the vertical creates a trickle effect throughout the whole body and and that was our major issue for my horse when he came back some horses are it's not I don't think it's a breed thing I think a lot of in a lot of cases it's a temperament thing some horses are more prone to want to be behind the vertical and kind of want their with quotes they're trying to they're trying to find a comfortable position whether that's from away from the hands or away from the tool that's being used and when my horse came back he would only stay behind the vertical with his chin not not pin to his chest but he was holding himself back because he didn't want to feel that tension in his in his mouth but of course then it creates tension elsewhere so getting him to just kind of poke his nose out took a year of you know all sorts of different different techniques and different things that I helped him with but the biggest was walking relaxed with his head lying him to put his head where he wanted it which was down and because that's what the early stages when they're weak they want to put their head down in the natural grazing position and and just poke that nose out but it takes a long time because they get they get nervous they think they're gonna hit something that that hurts right yeah and think about horses and the chewing action of their jaw you know how it comes down and it kind of grinds and there's that slight lateral rotation as they chew and think about a horse chewing and then think about a flash nose band or some people call figure eight or drop nose bands right so you put that on so they can't chew so they don't they can't roll fully relax because licking we always talk about licking and chewing it's not just relaxation that's the stomach juices it's like digestion it's it's that relaxed state and so people will clamp that mouth shots and then their horses perpetually stiff in the pole defensive defensive right and it's like you take that flash off and that nose band off and the horse automatically they start to kind of loosen up and they you get that chewing motion going again but any thoughts on on like the flash nose bands the chewing that type of thing um yeah for sure um I and I agree I'm not against using nose bands or but I am against using certain ones and also it's important not to put them on too tight because like you said it prevents them from chewing and their their dog does move back from side to side it when they because it's natural for them to have that grinding action with their mouth it's the only way that they can move and so for restricting that they end up biting their tongue too so if we put the if we put it on too tight they'll actually pinch their tongue and if and by restricting the tongue it actually you know it causes direct pain or discomfort into the horse's pole which we have already talked about what happens you know if the horse has discomfort in his pole then you know we're back to causing problems throughout the whole horse the whole body part but yes I I ended up with my horse same classic issue you know nose band was too tight didn't want to put it bit in his mouth when I got him back he would you know bob his head up and down when he saw it and you know kind of hold his head up he was tall he was a 16-hand horse and I'm only 411 so it was he was it was pretty easy for him to get get away from me so I was like well this doesn't work so we need to think of something else I completely chucked the nose band and there was no issue it you know I've had people tell me well you have to put the nose band on on otherwise you're gonna grab the bit and run away or you know whatever there's a whole list of possibilities right and I okay well I'll take my chances and so I checked the nose band and of course he at first he experimented right with oh I have freedom now what can I do with this freedom and he I mean he only experimented for maybe a day day too and he found out why he can chew he could relax he could you know when he actually started to feel that relaxation when he would put his head out poke his nose out and then his it wasn't he was a funny horse he has a sort of a sense of humor he not some horses flap their ears right well he would flap his lips when he was relaxed and I just I always thought it was funny because you get this relaxed look in his eyes and then his lips would start relaxed and then you start blowing air but yeah it started with removing the nose band which because it there's a they're really sensitive in their nose the nasal bone is really thin and there's a lot of nerves in there so we put it on really tight then we're not only you know causing discomfort up in the in that area of the nasal bone but also under the chin which also has a lot of nerves too which is just the face is all a very sensitive place you don't probably wouldn't want anybody just drop something you know really tied on to your pace with a bit with a metal bit in your mouth not desirable for anybody yeah what about moving back now you talk about floppy ears and I love it when a horse is soft and they're kind of seeking folks they're sort of coming up and forward in their spot kind of stretching a little bit and you can pick them up and in your hand and you're walking and their ears are flopping they're so so you know obviously they're relaxed but some horses really flop the ears like a mule almost right any thoughts on that the ears and that sort of thing I think it's just by a horse it depends because some horses I like to observe you know just sit and observe horses and regardless of what the rider is doing and just see how they respond and some horses even though they're tense they'll flap their ears so it's not always an indication of relaxation for some of them it is I always tell people well it's it's not one sign it's like it's a combination of 10 or 20 signs that the horse is relaxed so is your horse you know soft in his eyes and flop his ears then probably that's that's an indication for that horse but if another horse is like his heads behind the vertical and his back has dropped but he's flopping his ears it's probably not a not a good indication so I so observations a huge a huge thing not only for you know understanding my horse but also understanding how to sculpt I use you know you take a couple of minutes to observe the living animal it depends on what I'm teaching you sometimes I do live sculpture as well so I teach the students to observe the horse and then choose a composition and and we go through the sculpting process that way too so we're kind of opening their eyes to the communication of the horse how does how does he express his eyes what's he doing when he with his tail when his eyes look like that or you know so connecting the front and the back and through the the observation is is a big big part of it as well you're talking about the whole horse you know you're saying you know and I like that because that's a good point that that some horses might I have a horse that she'll pop her lips a little bit quite a bit she's younger yes so anyway you know I always perceive that to be tension but the rest of her feels really great and her eyes are blinking and she saw and I guess I was like oh it's just that one thing would you know she could just get quite enough but maybe you know maybe that she'll do it without a bit as well yeah maybe maybe you're right that look at the other look at what the rest of the horse is saying and for that individual perhaps that it doesn't mean tension for her it might mean maximum relaxation so it's about yeah observe observing the individual a lot of times you get this idea of you know kind of the idea of a box right this is what correct looks like whereas correct looks different with everybody every horse a little bit different even though we have a baseline of course right it's not going to be like would be that example I don't know it we start with a baseline but then you know we start getting into the details each one is a little bit you know different and that's my 10-month-old the whole and and so now that's something that I think you know every horse is so nuanced and being able to to pull in the entire picture and take a look at it rather than just focusing on one individual thing is important but just the ability to teach people to observe and from the sounds of what you're talking about it sounds like you've got such an amazing way to teach people to observe the whole horse and then they're taking it they're putting it into some work with their hands you know working I feel working on being quiet but then I'm sure you have to have them observe again so there's this constant like back and forth where you're observing you're working with your hands you're creating something and then observing again and that's riding yes and you you say okay now what is my horse saying that I just told it how did that feel to him and then you chained horses writing horses is very much like sculpting it is and even the muscle tone because you know I'll tell students will experiment with muscle tone so I'll say you know sit like Jello so they're they're too loose you know and then I'll say sit like wood and they're too stiff and the horse will go and slow down and then I'll say now sit like clay and so we're finding ways to teach you know muscle tone or to put to describe that and working with clay that would be that would be perfect sense and even somebody grabbing clay and squeezing clay yeah you know what a good teaching aid that that is so I think you're I don't know of anybody else that does this no I don't either not directly related to riding right and then and I that's I when I started you know searching for a healing process for my horse I realized it was me I needed to make the adjustments and my best tool was sculpting right yeah so I have a question for you and it's in regards to I guess you call them horse riding simulators so like at horse fairs you'll have these things and you know I get it it's data for feedback for the rider so if I'm sitting heavy on one set bone versus the other or if I'm pushing on my left stirrup more I get it it's feedback for the rider but to actually make a simulated horse I don't know if they'll ever be able to do that because the way they move and certain muscles stretch and certain muscles contract and it's so dynamic that I don't think riding simulators I think be really hard to make one so as a as an artist and a sculptor and somebody that rides horses what are your thoughts on like the whole riding simulator thing and is it possible to make one that would actually feel like a horse right now I don't know I have never tried to make one so I don't I don't know I think it's pretty cool the data I like data I think it's pretty cool the information that you can collect from it but I don't know how much it helps in terms of applying to your riding if your takes maybe a rider that's completely unaware of their seat bones or you know the way that they're using their body then yeah I think it could be beneficial but there's other ways also that for instance I when I talk about I do clinics and I talk about rider position for instance and we we do a self self-observation as well before starting to sculpt and we do some exercises in terms of the way that you're sitting or no do you have good posture where your seat bones so if you're sitting on a on a hard surface it's pretty easy to feel it's because it's uncomfortable and if you put your hands under your under your bottom or you're sitting you can feel your your seat bones so there's different ways of doing it but I think it's a pretty cool idea I think maybe as it develops it might become more more sophisticated but simulating a horse I think that's pretty complicated because they're very complex animals and I'd be surprised if we could simulate something that was you know equal or at least close to equal because they're they're living creatures each one is a little bit different they respond differently to you know each different person because every person is also different our energy it really affects them too so which is something that a machine won't respond to so yeah I think I mean I think there's some benefit there could be some great benefits to it but I think there's also things that you know benefits to being with the horse that you can never get machine yeah yeah yeah I like I'm kind of going back just a little bit but I like how you said you realize that in order to help your horse it came down to you and I think that's a really important thing for people to understand is we have to be an educated advocate for our horses and to become that we need education right we need to learn more about them and learn about their their body their mind because they're both so interconnected to be able to communicate to the veterinarians like you like you were speaking to earlier you've got to have a general idea of what's going on because they're not going to exhibit the exact things in front of the vet that you're seeing on a day-to-day basis and that sort of thing so what would be some key areas people should kind of key into something that you see come up fairly regularly when assessing horses or when observing horses that that you would encourage people to kind of look at and become real familiar with when working with their own horses so that they can they can see maybe potential problems coming up I would start by observing one's energy personally how are you bridging your horse are you finding some you know do you come away kind of feeling the same every time and if that's a dissatisfaction where that might be coming from I talk about that a lot because usually when we're having a problem it's because we're approaching the issue not in a way that's gonna be helpful to the horse right so it's observing the horse at some of the issues I it looks I would say some of the biggest things that come up right are just general tension with the horse and then there are creatures of habit so we teach them to be tense they're just gonna naturally be that way when we pull them out of their stall and some days are gonna be worse than others and if and it's accumulative too right so if we don't release that tension it eventually just becomes a ball of tension that's eventually gonna so starting from that idea of where can I how can I make myself relax so that I can transfer that to my horse and then I think once you start kind of pointing the finger back at yourself rather than at your horse which is the hard thing to do because you know it takes a lot of it's a lot of work to really kind of fill away the layers and you see yourself as you know it's hard not not that it's not a lack of honesty or whatever but it's it's hard to kind of pinpoint what you need to work on other people are able to see that easier in yourself but kind of having that mental picture or that mental that idea how I'm going to approach my horse so that I can help him relax is is helpful because then you start to create make these connections of how you can kind of prepare yourself or start even start your day with you know more relaxation and and apply that to you know by the time that you get to your horse you're not you know tense or you're not like you don't have the weight of the day on you yeah totally and so I think I mean it's kind of an abstract idea but it's it's just so important to start from that idea of what am I transferring to my horse and how can I what changes can I do to you know be the most positive possible so that I'm not causing you know things that I don't want to cost in my riding or in my interaction I think that's fantastic I mean I think it does really boil down to where we're at emotionally physically to write because that that emotional energy kind of creates what we are physically and then and then understanding how much that affects the horse and how interesting coming from somebody that's teaching you know the biomechanics that how all the pieces fit together understanding the musculature the skeletal skeletal anatomy of the horse and here she is what do we need to work on the most and it's our own energy because it's not about the mechanics really it's it's about understanding the mechanics so that we can understand ourselves but it's true because you know anybody on any I think anybody that works in anything ends up comes to the conclusion that oh I need to work on myself it's not out there it's actually in here and and and a lot of people think oh you're teaching an anatomy but I want to teach feel or I want to teach you know but like I said you know we kind of started a baseline and if we can start at a baseline we teach what we can see or what we can you know build in this case then we can move to the more abstract ideas of feel and energy because we start I think we start directly from feel it's level it's it's it's more difficult because I remember when I was younger being taught to ride and it's like no it's a field understand this and I was a little kid so I'm like okay it feels fine you know I just want to canter around and it feels fine to me but so explaining it through like well these are the structures and the reason you want to work on your feel is because then it affects the horses back like this you know it making it kind of making these connections and of course it I mean they to me it's kind of becomes difficult to explain it through words but when you starting to build it and you you're then you're transferring that and working with your horse you start to go oh so if his back does that that's what it feels like right right and it's not like I can say yeah it feels like X Y and Z because it might feel a little bit it'll feel a little bit different if I'm working with my horses you know my sixteen hundred horse versus you know somebody's 14 hand pony and you know so everything's gonna you know it's all a little bit variable yeah no that that's really cool and and the the slowing down and feel is taught you know through your hands-on kinesthetic approach you're you're you're creating a scenario it's hard when people are just with their horses it's them and their horse spending at an instructor so now they've got this pressure of being on their horse trying to interpret what's going on here trying to listen to the instructor trying to like perform some people feel like that pressure to perform in front of their instructor they want to show their instructor they're doing good and doing right and so there's so much feedback that to develop feel in that space can be a little bit difficult for many so yeah so in the in the environment that you're creating you're really allowing them to slow down it's bringing that energy to the place that they need to have their energy when they're riding and then they're able to develop the feel and then through that you're also I'm sure talking about the understanding and how this all works together and and it's just it's really intriguing it's a really intriguing way of going about doing this and I can see that it would be very effective for people to take one of your courses and go through this and really start to understand how all of these pieces fit together definitely I wonder if you took like high-end riders or whatever equestrian's and if you said okay sculpts a horse that you'd like to see so like let's pick on dressage so you asked the Grand Prix rider you say sculpt the horse that you'd like to be on and then you had them ride and does that horse match their vision does that horse match the horse they sculpted right right now obviously they they're not gonna be able to sculpt that what you know possibly be able to sculpt that well but I'm trying to say like does the product is the horse they're riding is it match their vision or does it look like something completely different as the horse over flexed and gaping or whatever you wouldn't sculpt that right yeah well but you do see that in art I guess you do you do see that you know over flexed horse with the gaping mouth which is really too bad because it's not beautiful I mean it's an expression of truth so unfortunately that's one that's the truth that we have in the question world and it's sad because we do we see it a lot and our artists they don't know what they're sculpting or they're painting they're just doing what they see and unfortunately that kind of comes back to the question world how well are we educating our riders and our students and but yeah it's it's it's a shame you see yeah I'm sorry well you do see the resistance in there and of course a lot of arts is like you know battles and stuff like that so you see horses that are at war in a stressed state or and you're right I guess you know they are sculpting what they see or painting what they see and right the truth is a lot of horses are stressed and you know that that's done and you know in resistance can't be beautiful you know I'm kind of paraphrasing and oh yeah my version of the saying but it's almost like if people could in their mind and vision the softness and a horse that's that's really almost like play her curiosity you know if they could get that in their mind and now go ride yeah I just think that would help that would change things a lot for horses yeah it definitely would I agree and I like that you mentioned playfulness because that's something when I started incorporating that with my horse it really started to see that sparkle where he was just excited he was like I could play I can experiment and and then they you start to get that communication that back and forth communication it's not just me telling him what to do he is saying well let's try this it's could this work and be like well you know let's try it this way and then you start to have that silent communication which is really neat and then and that goes back to learning the feel and learning to slow down yeah right yeah neat so I'm sure we've got a bunch of people listening that would love to learn more about you and your work and what you do so how how can they how can they get more involved with you and learn more about about you well they could look at my website I have two websites Deanna Montero.com is where you can take the online courses for the sculpture anatomy I also have sculpture anatomy.com if you want to learn more about the sculpting of the horse just what it is you know what it means and yeah I also have Facebook page sculpture equine anatomy on Facebook and you also have my Instagram same name okay okay so sculpture equine anatomy is what they want to if they're gonna Google something that would be you're gonna pull up on that would be yeah for the the horse anatomy stuff that would be yeah good do you work with like bits like bits and bidding and like with a clay horse like us like a skull do you do talk about bits at all with at your clinics I I haven't done a whole lot I mean I mentioned that it's important to use a bit that's that is comfortable and I you know you choose to use a bit I I suggest the French link snaffle just the loose ring because I think it fits the mouse the best and it creates the least amount of discomfort on the bars of the mouth and you can get them with a flat link in the middle too so it doesn't poke the mouth doesn't poke the palette making sure that they can fit you know it so I do talk about that a little bit but I don't I haven't done any like sculpting of the clay with a bit I talk about it in some of my videos oh I my YouTube channel also yeah I talk about it in my videos on YouTube a little bit and but it's more about how you know the discomfort or the comfort of a bit can help the horse be more relaxed throughout his body and but I don't go into it a whole lot okay what is your YouTube channel just the name of it the same sculpting quite a now perfect that's yeah I think it's best that way but I have an I have a quite another question do you do sculpts what else do you sculpt what else do you do for because you said you're a professional sculptor I sculpt in bronze those are a couple bronze okay and but it's mostly courses I'm actually right now working on a tutorial of the human figure oh wow um so this is something that's not up yet and I haven't mentioned it publicly but I'm working on tutorials on rider anatomy and so that then we can sculpt the horse and the rider together and see how two figures that are just so different come together so it's yeah I but I don't I don't professionally sculpt humans it's mostly horses okay yeah yeah how cool yeah yeah it's really I can tell you're creative and you use full of ideas and so then do you do you take like chalk or paint and do you mark like a real like a physical horse for people to see like the anatomy so what I like to do it it's actually for my younger students I did a collegiate clinic here at Stanford a question last summer I did three clinics I think for them and they what I did is I just got a bunch of paint I had a big poster of the anatomy of the horse we it was a short it was I think two hour two to three hour clinic so we didn't have a lot of time but we decided to paint the haunches which is you know a vital part of the the movement getting correct movement of the horse and of course they're very focused in competition so we talked about you know the health of so that they're more competitive and and but I took them and I told them to paint it onto the horse so I didn't do it for them so I said okay we're gonna we're gonna paint those the the skeleton of the horse on you know the haunches of the horse on directly onto the horse they're like I'm not artistic I can't do that I've never done that before they're all teenagers right and so it's like it's okay it doesn't have to be perfect just I just want you to give it a try because when we're when we give ourselves that freedom to try things then we're less afraid and we can communicate better with our horses so we get over that fear factor which is a big contributed to injuries when we're riding right yeah right so you know getting over that through expressing themselves in the art and painting the the skeleton on the on the horse it so we talked about that and and they had a lot of fun they were like hey I can actually do it I mean of course you know the cover some things up and fix some things and talk about no if it was if that bone was that shape would the horse be able to move and they're like well no so let's go ahead and fix it so it was really neat because they started to think about you know how the horse is structured and how he moves and then also you know kind of get naturally getting over fear of failing because if they're trying something that they've never tried before right yeah and you would think that people that ride horses we need to be somewhat creative and we need to have a vision of what we want from our horse and what how we want our horse to to go and so by painting it's like you're taking them to sort of the creative side of their mind so that when they ride maybe they're in that place versus like you said the worry that block yeah and pretty much you know all of our you know all of our presenters we talked about that you know slowing down and relaxing and not having fear as a blocker so that's super super interesting and I'm sure with the painting and with the sculpture they're stepping away from it and then feeling empowered as well right yeah a lot of times people are really afraid to try things that are aren't related because I think that there's kind of a this idea of you have to create a masterpiece because you know if you're doing anything art related and you know it's no you actually just have to have fun with it and every time you do it you're gonna get a little better yeah totally and I go back to the energy piece that you talked about earlier right our energy coming to our horses is so important so if we're coming to our horses nervous and stressed and thinking we have to create this masterpiece it's not gonna be fun for either of us but if we just go out and we just want to have fun and that's my kids and horses kids you know exactly right well no that's such a good point though that and it's funny that you know we come we come back to this and and so hearing it from somebody like you that's that creative artist type saying it it's just it's cool it's refreshing yeah we appreciate yeah kids and horses are great right yes they are and I grew up with miniature horses and we had we had a breeding farm we had a little stallion and a bunch of breed mares and the little stallion was funny he was very difficult with my mom but anytime any of us kids would do anything he was perfect because we were just you know doing stuff we were just having fun with him and and and we were relaxed we didn't have any expectations for him and I think maybe that's expectations are kind of what get in the way I think you're right I think you're right his mom had minis as well she bred and she showed minis and so in my teenager teenage years she had a few minis and we had some big horses but then I'd say my 20s she started breeding miniature horses so she's like a Hall of Famer and everything yeah yeah so you ever you hear about artists that they they make like a painting or a sculpture but to them they don't like the way it looks and so they'll put it aside and then they'll come back to it and they'll say like come back to it the next day or come back to it a few days later do you ever look at your own work and like question it or do you have that happen at all yes a lot and actually I incorporate that in the process of sculpting assessing the quality of the work as I'm progressing and I talk about that in the tutorials and the online courses and it actually the more the longer I've been sculpting the better I'm at assessing my work in the moment rather than putting it away covering it up and not looking at it for several days it's I think it's actually you get to the point where you've refined your eye and and you can pinpoint things faster but I think it's just a matter of you know practice and and fixing issues and every every sculptor every artist has to go through that process of fine-tuning you know it's not like you do something perfect the first time every time you do something you have to fine-tune it and it's the same as when you get on your horse you have to warm him up and fine-tune him and then get to put in quote the fun stuff that you know people are excited to do with their horses and put them and put them away and you know yeah and then cool them down yeah the whole process it's the same with the sculptures as I am I keep my sculptures on a lazy Susan so that I can turn them while I'm sculpting so because of course it's a three-dimensional object so you want to be able to put something on look at it from every angle and so I naturally put it on turn it put something on turn it or or smooth it turn it and so it's a constant adjusting there's a constant adjustments that are happening throughout the process and then of course I'll come back the next day and look at angle that elbow is a little bit higher than the other one or you know that the head isn't exactly where I wanted it maybe my proportions are slightly off so I'm gonna fix it and and then you do that all the way through from the beginning to the end and you get to the end and it's the way that you want it right because you're making those adjustments all the way through yeah how do you keep your clay moist it doesn't dry so it can actually reuse it I actually sell kits for my skins and so they can reuse almost all of their materials except the the armature that it's built on which is aluminum you can reuse it a little bit maybe two or three times but in Intel it gets too fleshy and starts to break but everything else yeah it's reusable well good well thank you so much joining us here today is there anything else that you'd like to before we finish and wrap up anything else you'd like to share or leave the viewers or listeners with well I just like to thank everybody for listening and then also for this great opportunity to talk to you guys I think this is it's wonderful to know that there's other questions that have the same kind of vision and you're on a quest to help horses be more calm and relaxed and of course through that we help riders be safer and enjoy their the time they spend with their horses too so you know I want just wanted to say thank you to you and everybody that's listening well thank you and we appreciate all the work you're doing and being here and and it's it's really interesting thank you so much and thank you to everybody who joined in today it's so yeah so all right well we will see you all and have a wonderful day yep