My name is Sarah Leah Hindi. I work as community development officer at Hallaboo First Nation. First program I'd like to speak a little bit about is the Outdoor Education Program. The Outdoor Education Program is offered to grade five students in the western region of the Newfoundland Labrador English School District. So during this program grade five students are invited to Grossmore National Park at a location called Killdouble Camp and Conference Center where they learn subject matter material but in a very unique way because for the duration of their learning at Killdouble Camp and Conference Center in Grossmore they are outdoors. So it's a unique experience for students to have land-based learning and outdoor education in this beautiful location where they can be immersed in the great outdoors and still get curriculum outcomes that they would normally be delivered in a classroom environment but in this beautiful outdoor space. And the benefits of having children immersed in the outdoor environment for their education has so many different benefits to them. The first thing is that they learn education in a really special and unique way through hands-on experiential learning. They are learning not only from the content that's being delivered but they're actually learning from the setting and the environment that they're immersed in because Mother Earth is one of the greatest teachers and so by just being immersed in that environment they are drawing all kinds of connections between the subject matter that's being delivered by the teachers and the environment itself. Another really important component of that program is a socialization aspect. So kids are given the opportunity to learn and laugh and play and interact with each other in an unplugged outdoor setting and that's so good for their self-esteem, their interaction, cooperation and socialization in general. So there's more than just book learning that takes place. It's the hands-on socialization, cooperation, collaborative learning that can occur in that outdoor setting. Connection to land is a really important and valuable thing that comes out of the outdoor education program as well. Children when they're immersed in the outdoors they, you can you can quickly see how they are connecting with that space and respecting that outdoor space. So they are very cautious over the wildlife and the plant life and everything in that space and the way that they are learning interacting with it within that environment is just so beautiful because in an indoor environment those interactions do not take place but in this outdoor setting the learning comes together. So things that are subject matter based come together with the environment in which kids are immersed in and so it draws lots of connections between real world, the environment that we are codependent on and interactive with, with studies that naturally would occur in the classroom environment. So it all kind of draws this, the life of the child and the learning of the child together in a really beautiful way. There are a lot of activities that take place at Kill Devil during the outdoor education program. There are subject-based lessons that occur so English language arts and social studies and science and physical education. All of the core subject matter is delivered through very unique and diverse lessons but in addition to that the program is infused with indigenous world view knowledge cultural practices and traditions. So children participate in learning that furthers their understanding and knowledge of the history and cultural traditions that are rooted in this land and the MiGMA people that inhabit this land. A large portion of our population here is of MiGMA ancestry, has MiGMA ancestry and is of MiGMA descent. So for students to connect with that heritage and the history that is so rich and vibrant in this area that's really valuable and so one of the ways in which we provide that opportunity is through a lesson, a cultural lesson that we teach the kids and it is a MiGMA lesson focused on the oral stories, the history, the traditions and the cultural practices and teachings of our people. Language is one element of that lesson as well as history, oral traditions, cultural practices. We drum and we sing MiGMA songs at camp and we include all the children in that and so we invite them to sing along with us and come up and help us with the drumming. We also have a sharing circle among all the students that come to the outdoor education program so they can share something about themselves and we can have a really beautiful connection to each and every child there and get to know a little bit more about them on a personal level. There are many ways in which we measure the success of the program. We do have the follow-up evaluations that are done by anyone who has participated in the program such as teachers, chaperones, people that are involved in the organization and coordination of the program. However, I think the greatest measure of our success is actually in the messages that the children leave us and we have hundreds and hundreds and hundreds of messages that we have collected. I wish I brought some here today to share with you but we have hundreds of messages that we have collected from children that have left just a little a few lines about what camp brought to their lives and why it was special to them. It's incredible the feedback that children give us. We just know that by the smiles on their faces and the changes and the wonderful things that we see happening at camp that although it is only a two and a half day program that kids participate in, we do really feel from those messages that it will have lasting effects on the way that they view Mother Earth, the way that they are now building this connection with each other with the history of this place and so their words are a measure of success. Absolutely there are challenges in trying to coordinate and deliver a program of this caliber. As I said previously, it is a program that is offered to all grade five students in the western region of the Newfoundland Labrador English School District and so we see hundreds of students in the fall season and hundreds of students in the spring season of this program. We offer it twice every year so that we are able to give all grade five students the opportunity to participate in this and so with the program of that caliber there comes challenges in terms of communications and logistics but we have a very strong partnership that makes this program possible and makes this program run quite smoothly given the the large program that it is and so I should mention that this program is a function of a partnership that exists between the Newfoundland Labrador English School District, the Hallaboo First Nation, Parks Canada and Kill Devil Camp and Conference Center. So all of us together have built a really strong partnership and relationship to make this program possible and to make this program not just possible but also grow and become I think greater in its offering to our students. To me, Indigenous education is providing children with the opportunity to understand, to understand each other, to understand the history and the stories and the traditions of the Indigenous people of this place as well as to draw a connection between their own personal life and the content that they are receiving through their public education so our students actually attend schools within the Newfoundland Labrador English School District and so within that school system it is really valuable and vital for students to be able to draw a connection to who they are with what content they are learning and so Indigenous education is really providing ways in which children can draw that connection and I think it's valuable to be able to connect their communities and the things that shape them as humans with the school community because too often there's a disconnect between the two and I think Indigenous education for me is providing an opportunity for our MiGMA students to have that connection built provide opportunities to build that connection and for them in turn to have a better understanding of themselves and grow as people. I think it's really important that we start on the path to language revitalization and we have started on the path to language revitalization but continuing that journey because within a language comes a set of values and unfortunately we do not have a strong base of MiGMA language speakers here in Newfoundland Labrador and so by providing opportunities to create a revitalization for our students for our younger generation to be able to bring back that language and I have two children a two-year-old and a four-year-old and to me the opportunity for them to be able to speak MiGMA and having that opportunity built into the education that they receive is just something that I'm so passionate about and I think is so vital to their education so language is one piece of that and it is connected to cultural revitalization as well so when we speak about language revitalization we're also speaking about cultural revitalization and so there are many different aspects of cultural revitalization that come in with that as well so the traditions, the oral stories, the histories of our MiGMA people in this area are all vital to that. I would love to see there be more of an opportunity for us to be able to provide an indigenous lens on what is the education system that largely stems from a Eurocentric perspective and that does not currently really encapsulate the indigenous perspective but providing opportunities for that perspective and that lens to be available to students and to connect with. I think that in five or ten years from now as I mentioned previously there will be more opportunities for language learning. Students will have access to opportunities within their school system to receive some measure of language learning in the MiGMA language. I would love to also see more of a concerted effort among all invested parties in indigenous education and education of our students that attend our public schools to be able to come together and really look at truth and reconciliation and the need for indigenous education and work together to make their focus one that is reflective of the need of our indigenous population. One might think if you're learning entirely in an outdoor setting and you're traveling like large distances throughout the course of a day to like go through the trails and learn different lessons throughout that program there may be limitations but I think the thing that sticks with me most as a story about the outdoor education program is that barriers are actually broken down there. There are opportunities for every single child to learn in that setting and really grow and have a wonderful positive experience. This past year we had a child attend the program that was in a wheelchair and so mobility was of course a concern as well as accessibility to the facilities there and we did the necessary work to make sure that this child had a wonderful experience and she came to camp and was able to get through all of the trails and learn all of the lessons and the power of seeing the students come together to ensure that every single child including this little girl in the wheelchair had the most wonderful experience was magical and I could never replicate that because just the power of seeing them work together and making sure that everyone had such a wonderful experience out of that is just yeah I can't explain it because you would have to have gone there and witnessed it yourself to really understand the gravity of it. One of our lessons is called estuary and it's when children go down to Lomond and it's a place where the salt and freshwater meet and so it's a really unique habitat for living organisms and so we wait until low tide and we have the children go down and explore the low tide the creatures that live there and their habitats and we make sure that they're cautious over how they look at the different living things and how they put them back in place and make sure that nothing is being disturbed but it's a really neat activity and this child the one that I've been speaking about earlier in the wheelchair her peers helped her in her wheelchair out through the low tide it's very muck it's almost like like it's a very difficult terrain to get through it's very muddy I don't know if you can remember Joanie your rubber boots getting stuck in it and so they wheeled her out and made sure that they were collecting not just for themselves the different things that were there the shells and the snails and the crabs but for her and then they had that wonderful experience together and then wheeled her back into shore and it was beautiful to watch another program that we partner with I should mention it because it goes hand in hand with the outdoor education program is a school outreach program it's indigenous school outreach that is a combination of going into the schools but also bring the children out of the schools and it's a cultural programming that consists of oral stories and history teachings as well as a sharing circle rattle making traditional singing and drumming of migmasongs as well and it is a collaboration between the Newfoundland Labrador English School District and Halibut First Nation as well as community groups that are very culturally active so we incorporate whichever community groups are able and willing to participate in this program with us as well as knowledge keepers and elders to bring cultural practices and traditions and history into classrooms but then at the end of it it culminates in what we call mini pow wow events where we bring the children out of their classroom setting into a larger location where they can all gather and celebrate the things that they have learned and and build on that with more teachings from elders and knowledge keepers and dancers and drummers from our communities in this wonderful event and so children as a follow-up to their killed-able experience in if they have attended in the fall they will get to participate in this mini pow wow event and the school outreach most of the schools not all the schools but most of the schools in the corn rook area would get to participate in that as well


You guys think about the rail project, where we're at, where we're going, and just your general thoughts. As I said before, it'd probably be more easy to get you a ticket to heaven than to get the rail. The rail that's got them messed up. Why do you think it's easier to get to heaven than to get on the rail? Well, look, it might be another 20 years before they get finished. And so, it'll surely be easier to get to heaven. All you gotta do is just call out to God and ask Him through Jesus Christ to save you, and you'll make it happen. Let me ask you this, since we're talking about where the project's going. Now, we're $10 billion into this. The original cost was $4.6 billion. We're all paying for it because it's part of the excise tax. How do you feel about paying for rail whether you want to or not, whether you're righted or not? What's your opinion about that? Well, I'd be honest with you. I think it'd be better that you get yourself a ticket to heaven. Because it's gonna be a whole lot cheaper than rail. All right, Rex.  Well, I can't take an answer right now because I don't really follow... You guys take public transportation at all? Yeah. Take bus? I take the bus. Think about it. Think about it. I live in Waianae, too. Seattle. Seattle surely got the rail for less than what we're ever gonna spend, and it runs all through the city. And Hawaii could have the same thing. I heard that they went and they scoped out Seattle style rail. But I ever looked like all we wanted was that plush stuff.  The state, the state's trying to extend the tax with no end date. So your children, your children's children are gonna be paying for this rail with no end date in sight. What? How do you feel about that? I don't feel about paying extra for anything. Tax with no tax. Right? We already taxed out, so...  Taxes are way too high. And not only that, they're adding more cost to the bus system, too. And you take the bus from Waianae. How long does that take you to get in the town? Well, you know, if I go like... I'll give you one example. When I go catch the first bus in the morning, it gets about like 45 minutes. But if I go into the traffic time, it takes about nearly three hours. Three hours one way. And the number 40 does that. What time do you have to be on that bus to get in by 45 minutes into town? Well, where I stand in Waianae is in St. John Road. I mean, where the St. John... The highway of Farrington. I gotta walk three blocks down. You know, catch the go to work all the way to... to Alamoana. So I usually work in Waikiki back in... before I injure my back. Right. So I'm not working anymore, actually. Okay. What time were you getting on that bus, though, to get in within an hour from Waianae into town? I mean... Was it like six in the morning? Five in the morning? Well, I used to go to the first one. It's 4.30 in the morning. 4.30 in the morning. 4.30 in the morning. Yeah. And what time did you get off? It got me before six. And when you got off... When you got off... When you got off... it was the afternoon. So you were in the rush hour back. Would it take two hours? Three hours? Sometimes the traffic can... If I take the C bus or even the express bus, 93, on the highway, if the traffic back up all the way, it takes about... I usually take it like 3.30. I get off 3.30. And sometimes I won't reach home by 8.30 in the evening. So, Bill? Yeah. Right. Do you take bus? Do you take public transportation? Yeah, I do. Okay. Now, what's your feeling about it? Well, I want to know. Do the bus people have a master? They seem like the bus people are running their buses like a track mate. And you look up two or three buses right in a row, the same number. And you think, well, that should not be 15 or 20 minutes later. So they're all bunched up and you didn't make sense to you? Yeah. So it looked like they're running the buses like a track mate. All right. They're running the buses that are convenient too. So people can get on and ride them. So do they have a master? Do you have any ideas on how to improve it? Well, who is the head of the bus system? Who controls that? Yeah. Don't the mayor control that? Well, in a way, in the way the mayor does. And so what would you say to the mayor about the rail and its cost overruns? And what would you say to the mayor about the buses? About the rail, he should have followed Seattle's model. But he had an opportunity. It would have been a lot cheaper. We would have had rail already. I'm going to tell you something, Bill. I'm from Seattle and I was on the ground floor when that thing was put into place and we had problems just like we do here. But they're not to the extent we have here. So we still have problems with the rail. I mean, there's no two ways about it. Yeah, but your rail run all the way from the airport and take you down so you can get your connection to the space needle. That's correct. Our rail hasn't got off the ground yet. What do you think it's going to take to get off the ground? Well, I think with some billionaires might have been coming and building us out. That's what I think. All right, gentlemen, Bill. I'm going to run out of money trying to pay the taxes. Well, Bill, Rex, I want to thank you for your time. Thanks for sharing it. God bless you. Bye.


It's a great pleasure welcoming you to the third lecture and the Pehga Me Azadi series organized by the School for Democracy, a news click on the 73rd anniversary of India's independence. Today's talk will be on the legendary freedom fighter Aruna Asafali Peshri Anil Nauria. This is a very significant series of lectures that is being presented and recorded in these times of misinformation and deliberate alteration of historical facts and in the sage of maligning falsely those who fought for our freedom and for a future in consonance with our constitutional values. It becomes imperative for us to ensure they are remembered and they continue to guide and inspire us and future generations and to ensure that they are not obliterated from our history books. We have already seen how Mahatma Gandhi and Pandit Javaharlal Nehru have been removed from textbooks and we have also seen the pioneers of modern India, Raja Ram Mohan Roy and Ishwar Chandra Vidya Sagar being portrayed as cronies of the British Raj and active against the people of India. It is these forces of which we need to be vigilant and that we need to fight if we are to keep the dreams of those visionaries who dedicated their lives for the future of India alive. There is much that we have achieved since independence. However, there is still much that needs to be realized particularly with respect to inequality and all its dehumanizing aspects. Through these talks, we hope to learn from the lives and works of such personalities so that we continue to be inspired and can strengthen our resolve to stay on course, whatever be the obstructions in our path towards a just and free India. I'm also very grateful for this opportunity to introduce this talk on Aruna Vasapalli who I greatly admired and had the good fortune of seeing at close quarters. Apart from being the firebrand who became famous for hoisting the national flag at Gwalior tank on 9th August, 1942 and continuing to be active underground being a youth icon, radion and activist, politician, writer and much more that Anil will talk about. I wanted to flag two other organizations that she helped set up that reflected her vision and sense of empathy with the people of the country. She was one of the founding members of the National Federation of Indian Women which came into being in 1954 with stalwarts such as Renu Chakravarty, Annie Mascarene, Ajra Begum, Anusya Gyanchan, Pushman Bhai Bose and others and was president of the NFIW for 19 years. She was also the founder of Dr. A.B. Baliga Memorial Trust in 1968 that she and Ranjana Raid built up to address the pressing needs of the marginalized in Delhi. This was set up by Patriot and Link Magazine which also she was involved in founding with Edithata Narayanan. It now gives me great pleasure to introduce our special speaker for today, Sri Anil Noria. Sri Noria is council at the Supreme Court of India and the High Court of Delhi for the last 36 years and has dealt among other matters with preventive detention laws, criminal law appeals, public employment, labor laws, constitutional issues concerning powers of state governance, the sixth schedule of the constitution of India, election laws, land acquisition, land reform and taxation. He was senior fellow at the Nehru Memorial Museum and Library in New Delhi. He has been writing since the 1970s and much of his focus has been on secularism and the state. And on contemporary history including aspects of the freedom movement in India and Africa. He has contributed to various books and journals, the latter including Economic and Political Weekly, Mumbai, Mainstream New Delhi, Monthly Review in New York. And I'm sorry I'm going to say this in English, Identity, Culture and Politics, Dakar and Natalia Piatta-Marisbar. He has been a guest lecturer at several universities both in India and abroad. One very significant movement that must be mentioned and that Anil had a role in initiating in 1993 along with people like Nirmal Mukherjee and Ajay Mukherjee, Abdul Satar Saab and Saeeda Hamid among others, was after the demolition of the Babri Masjid and the communal violence that it unleashed. This was to bring together the residents of Oakland, the surrounding areas in Jamiya Nagar, the government in Zakir Nagar, New France colony, France colony and others. Together as one collective voice against the spread of hatred and communism. The work they did was based on the principles of Insanya. They belonged to diverse walks of life, faced and dealt with several communal crisis over the years and demonstrated the unity and harmony of all religions. So I now welcome Sri Anil Noria and it's over to you Anil. Let me say that Amina Asafalli is one of the most fascinating figures of the freedom struggle in the 20th, first half, the 20th century in India. And the reason why she stands out is because she was a rebel from the beginning. She was rebelling against the, she had been born in a Brahmo family, Bengali Brahmo family, and which in any case has a tradition of not accepting the usual Hindu restraints. And she then defied her family to as a young girl of 18 or 19 to marry Barista Asafalli who was already well known. And that story is worth tracing in detail, but that again introduced her to the political life of Delhi. And two influences in Delhi, particularly I will mention that it's Rameshwari Nehru and Satyavati, the socialist leader. And then she went beyond those, that politicization to such an extent that she then could not even stay within the confines of the political activity of Asafalli. So she therefore could not really accompany Asafalli on his various assignments both in India and outside. As independence dawned, Asafalli had been chosen as the Indian ambassador to the United States, the first Indian ambassador to the United States in 1947. And this was at a time when India was still undivided. So Asafalli represented undivided India in the United States and Aruna declined to accompany him until India itself, she said, becomes fully independent. She went later to the United States, but she was not comfortable there and returned and in fact the day when she was returning and Asafalli had gone along with her to the New York airport, Sierra Rock. That is the day when both of them got the news of Mahatma Gandhi's assassination when they were at New York airport. And it affected them deeply and Asafalli Aruna writes burst into tears. On Asafalli's own return from the United States, he became governor of Odisha and there also Aruna because of her own political commitments could not stay with him very long in Odisha. And finally when Asafalli was appointed India's ambassador minister to Switzerland and was posted in Bern, there again, it was only later that Aruna could join him and when she did join him in Bern, Asafalli passed away on the following day. So that is April 1953. So the reason I gave this broad overview was that it was in fact the marriage with Asafalli that politicized Aruna and it was Aruna herself who so radicalized her position that she could not then remain within the confines of the political process which was developing in India. So that is, you know, there is a work by Lenin called state and revolution and Aruna used to say that to Asafalli that you are the state and I am the revolution. So, you know, the reason why I have mentioned all this right at the outset is to make the point that Aruna's is a very extraordinary life from any point of view and that is the reason why she stands out as a figure worthy of attention in the 20th century freedom movement of India. So this was just by way of introduction. Now I want to go into some aspects of her life in more detail. And you know, I've already mentioned that she was born in the East Bengali family. She was born in Kalka which was then in Punjab and now is in Haryana. She went to school in Lahore where her father was initially working as a journalist and later in Nenital where her father had set up a restaurant or a trade business. That is where she grew up. And then after her studies, she went and became a teacher in Calcutta at the Gokle Girls Memorial School and it was while she was on a vacation in Allahabad that she met Asafalli. Now when they married soon after and it was a marriage that created quite a stern because it was Hindu and Muslim marriages were not common and a number of people reacted negatively to the idea of this marriage. Aruna's own father passed away a few months before the marriage took place and Aruna has written about this whole episode in an article in Patriot published on October 3rd, 1991. I have this article with me. I wonder if it comes out, it doesn't come out directly on the screen. I'll try and scan it and have it sent to you. Now this is what she says. She names a number of people who, how they reacted to the marriage and she names her paternal uncle who said that I was dead so far as he was concerned she mentioned some famous politicians and then finally she says that when I began to meet Gandhi after my marriage I remember that he spoke of it as a symbol of Hindu-Muslim unity. So Gandhi stressed the symbolic significance of this marriage. Now when she married Aruna and Asapalli they moved to Delhi which was Asapalli's home Ucha Chalaam Darya Ganj and it was the ancestral home and naturally there were restraints within the home to which Aruna was not used. Asapalli offered that we could let us rent another place if you wish if you wish to move out but seeing the fact that Asapalli was the only son of his mother and the fact that he was so deeply attached to her Aruna did not insist on moving out and stayed in the family home but she found she went to her energies in work avenues which came to her through her acquaintance with initially through her acquaintance with Rameshwari Nairu and Satyavati both Rameshwari Nairu and Satyavati were important figures on the Delhi scene Rameshwari was married to Vijlal Nairu who was a nephew of Motilal and a friend of Asapalli So it was a dinner it was at an evening where they were invited for dinner that she first met Jaharlal Nairu and she has given us a very remarkable description of that meeting which I just like to refer to May I just read out a part of what Aruna Asapalli says here This was the background to Vijlal and Rameshwari Nairu inviting my husband and me to dinner at their Delhi home at a time when Motilal and his son that is Jaharlal were staying with them As we waited for Jaharlal's return from a speaking tour of some Punjab towns Motilal instructed the domestics I am skipping a few lines to summarize it instructed a few domestics to keep hot water ready for Jaharlal's arrival At last Jaharlal burst in all covered with dust come after a big tour of Punjab He barely glanced in our direction as he went in quickly for a wash and change He must have thought it was the usual evening gathering of some of the capital's anglicized elite at his cousin's place I was introduced to Jaharlal on his joining the company for dinner and was dazzled by the first close view of him I was wearing a silk sari and some jewelry and might well have struck him as he looked me up and down with amused curiosity as a dolled up slip of a girl destined to decorate drawing Rameshwari Nairu must have sensed with womanly intuition how uncomfortable I felt among persons much senior to me in age who were engaged in conversation on matters of state and policy She came over to me leaving the circle surrounding Mothila Nairu and asked me about my family and my interests and expressed motherly concern about things that are important to a young woman at the threshold of family life When she does showed affectionate interest in me I rushed as it were into her embracing arms and this is how she is introduced to the Delhi women's So this is how she gets introduced to social activities in Delhi and which then becomes an opening into wider and wider activity and on the political side what influenced her was Satyavati Satyavati was a socialist minded congresswoman active in Delhi in those days and Aruna writes Had it not been for Satyavati I wonder if I would have ventured out of my shattered domestic life notwithstanding that my husband was a prominent congressman who had already gone through the baptism of imprisonment in the non-cooperation movement of the 1920s Now this year it is 100 years of the non-cooperation movement which brought about such a major renaissance in India in all fields Aruna Asapalli's husband Asapalli had been imprisoned in that movement So she reversed that This was now again thick in this civil disobedience movement I had just come out of a college run by foreign missionaries with my westernised habits I doubted whether I could adjust my way of life and my values to those expected of her Satyavati But Satyavati's burning zeal was infectious I was drawn to her and could not stay away from the great fight And then she mentions how they broke the salt laws and they found a marshy land in the Shadra area where there was high salt content and they would make salt wrap salt and then optionate and that was Aruna's baptism she was imprisoned in this movement There were three jails at least three jails where she was kept including Delhi and Ambala So this is the story of how Aruna's political life begins And then it continues But I want to mention one very interesting episode which is very little known but which Aruna wrote about in this article which I mentioned which is what we found even in the I don't see it in the compilations of her other writings It seems that the day in April of 1929 when Bhagat Singh and another revolutionary B.K. Dutt through the bomb in the central legislative assembly Aruna was present in the visitors gallery So this is what she writes She says, I happen to be present in the visitors gallery of the central legislative assembly of which my husband was a member on the day in April 1929 when Bhagat Singh and a colleague had two bombs along with pamphlets with patriotic messages onto the hall of the central legislative assembly So this is the story of this is how she was a witness to this historic event and her husband of course was involved in Bhagat Singh's defense and later on we have in the same writing some very important information about how contrary to the impressions spread by some films which were produced a few years ago how Gandhi didn't intercede with the vice-royal for Bhagat Singh So what Aruna writes is Bhagat Singh was arrested and tried not only for this action that is the bombs thrown on that day but the earlier killing of a British police official in Saunders at Lahore in December 1928 when he and his colleagues were sentenced to death Gandhi ji interceded with the vice-royal through letters and in person for securing commutation of the death sentence that was passed on Bhagat Singh and his comrades Gandhi ji was unstinting in his place of the heroes but also uncompromising in reaffirming his disapproval of the path of violence So this is a very historic piece of evidence which came my way when I started looking for material on the subject and unfortunately it's not very widely known then let me come to another thing the connection with Satyavati was expressed further Satyavati was active in the Congress Socialist Party which was set up within the Congress in 1934 and in 1936 the health care session was made So there is a description in Aruna Ahsadevi's writings of that session and how Kanda Devi Chattopadha presides that session and the fact that Satyavati was chairman of the reception committee you know Meret was considered part of the that is the Padish Pandey's committee included Meret the Padish Pandey's committee really included Meret So really politicians used to have a great interaction with Meret and that is how the session was also held there I should mention that then again in 1940s we know that she courted arrest in the individual Satyagraha in 1941 and of course it was 1942 where she became a national heroine with the tag hoisting which she did after the national agency had been arrested and she quit in their resolution was passed on 8th August 1942 and on 9th August the remaining session was to be held where the police came with an intentional breaking down the flagpole and so on that is when Aruna Ahsadevi and also Usha Mehta who should not be forgotten became really well known figures across the country after the flag hoisting at Goa Lea Mehta in Bombay the socialist leadership largely went underground so there is this included Dr. Lohia Achit Patwardhan, S.M. Joshi Madhulma and of course Aruna remained underground until her arrest warrant was withdrawn in 1946 while remaining underground there were some very interesting episodes and stories there are we know that one of the places she remained underground was in Delhi Dr. N.C. Joshi's hospital in Karolba but I know that another associate of Asafaris, the husband Indra Vidya Vachaspati who used to edit a paper in Delhi I know that she also hid in his house for a while in Delhi and in Bombay she was taken to see Gandhi Ji at Juhu when Gandhi was there in 1944 and she was driven secretly by Shri Mati Parthima Ismail who was the sister of a very famous film fighter called Omar Sukhwan so three people we know who were underground in Bombay Aruna, Achit Patwardhan and Arar Devakar they went to see Gandhi Ji at Juhu because Gandhi Ji was trying to persuade them to come out to the open because he didn't like their activities and there is a very interesting correspondence very friendly and affectionate correspondence between them on the subject if I go into that correspondence it will take a long time but I want to mention something another very interesting fact when Aruna married Asafari the marriage took place in Delhi according to Muslim so among the letters that Asafari records in his prison diary is one from is more than one from Kulsoom Zamani now very few would have known among those who had been responsible for imprisoning Asafari and others that Kulsoom Zamani was actually Aruna so Asafari records in his prison diary yesterday I received an old letter from Kulsoom Zamani written on the 8th of last month this is recorded on the 8th January 9th of last month so this letter took about a month to reach Asafari and then there is a further comment which Asafari makes she has either bobbed or eaten cropped her hair so she says through an artful complaint skillfully put into a friend's mouth so she had in this letter conveyed to Asafari a hint of what she had done also with her hair Asafari makes some very interesting remarks about Aruna's nature in this prison diary and it is born out also by Aruna's subsequent career this is what Asafari records once an idea has caught her imagination she writes it to Gyala until the tired steed has to be discarded or put to rest first the social pony of Saraswati Bhavan Saraswati Bhavan was the headquarters of the Delhi women's league so this is first the social pony of Saraswati Bhavan trained to perfection fell from favor and Irwin College took its place then Irwin College faded out and the women's conference succeeded one day the women's conference was abandoned and journalism followed as the next corner you know Aruna had started writing regularly for various journals including Janata which was at that time in Delhi and later in Bombay and serious study killed her eyes but the political bias swelled all the time to the point of flood and now I find that Gandhian politics has invaded and conquered her imagination the governing passion of the time claims all her energy and time she is noble to the roots of her soul and whatever she touches becomes the dedicated devotees of the sacred tabernacle so he was after all her husband and he understood her very well so the later career of Aruna is also born out by this that she would move in support of her the causes that she wanted to reach and fulfill she would choose varying vehicles and discard them when they cease to in her opinion to have a faith so there is a booklet that she wrote at this time you know she was a socialist she was a member of the congress socialist community within the congress but when the congress socialist party we do from you know they renamed themselves socialist party and then a year later they resigned after the congress assassination within a month so they quit the congress and Aruna left with them then she wrote booklet on the socialist and this is referred to by Acharya Narendra the Marxist socialist who is the doer of the Indian socialist movement he refers to in an article which he wrote in 1951 he refers to this book published by Aruna Asapari and here he sums up what Aruna Asapari's aims were and it leads to a very interesting dialogue but I'll read only the portion where Acharya Narendra tries to sum up Aruna's position he says Mrs Aruna Asapari has recently published a book she is trying to prove that the socialist party of India has given up Marxism you know when the congress socialist party was formed Marxist group gradually, particularly a year after this two years after this article it withdrew from Marxism but at this time it had not and Acharya Narendra is trying to refute what Aruna has written but before he comes to the refutation he sums up what Aruna is saying so I'm reading that portion Mrs Aruna Asapari has recently published a book she is trying to prove that the socialist party of India has given up Marxism her main attack is on democratic socialism she has also condemned the foreign policy of the party she is against the party's participation in the election you know in 1951 the general elections in India were about to be held in a few months and Aruna says that Acharya Narendra says that Aruna is against the party's participation in the election she also thinks the organization of the party is against the principles of Marxism in her opinion the party has ceased to be a revolutionary organization she considers this party as reformist she has therefore advised that the party should merge in the context she is also not satisfied with the party she regards as Marxist for she thinks that the lower middle class in place of the working class has its influence over these parties so she is critical also of the Marxist parties the Communist Party they are therefore disintegrated they have failed to enlist the support of the working class and this according to her is their serious weakness Aruna Asapati has therefore advised these parties to overcome such weakness and re-examine their objectives she however hopes that the Communist Party will ultimately be an instrument of political expression of the conscious working class but the majority of the working class sees the Communist Party and other leftist parties with suspicion and mistrust such a state of affairs is bound to continue as long as they do not amend their policies and rectify their earlier mistakes which is summarizing Aruna perhaps this is the reason that Aruna Asapati does not like to join any Marxist party at present her group she had set up a group called the Left Socialist Group a short-lived group which didn't last very long and later on it merged with the Communist Party Left Socialist Group so Acharya Narendra is saying this is the reason that Aruna Asapati does not like to join any Marxist party at present her group will strive to build about unity among Marxist parties and will make the working class revolutionary and militant if this does not happen how can the working class establish its dominance in a socialist party with this limited purpose in view she has decided to set up study groups and joint action committees of trade unions in every fact in this endeavour this is the cooperation of all Marxist parties so this is how Acharya Ji Samaras is what Aruna is trying to do and then moves on to explain that actually no Communist movement in the world can actually be led just by workers you will always need intellectuals from the working class to him and that's a long debate but I wanted to refer just to what Aruna was trying to do she wanted joint action committees to be set up in workers committees to be set up in every factory and she wanted that all parties should cooperate in this so that workers consciousness increases ultimately this left socialist group which she had formed merged with the Communist Party in 1955 and she was a member of the Central Committee in the Sipya after that and was also Vice President of the AI team C but little after the revelations of Pushtia regarding Stalinist base in the Soviet Union so she continued with her association with a number of organizations women's organizations and also media organizations which she had been associated with so now of course I should mention that she was also a elected Mayor of Delhi in 1980 she was Delhi's first mayor so all these are very remarkable features about her she returns to the Congress after Jawaharlal Nehru's death around the time of Jawaharlal Nehru's death now this then starts a phase she doesn't have so much clout but she is widely respected across the political spectrum and when the 1975 emergency you know the events leading to the emergency are taking place in the Jai Prakash Narayana she is one of the few who actually sees the dangers of that movement and she writes about that this movement could lead to a kind of anarchy and actually we know now hindsight that the movement was very heavily impregnated with Uttaras's influence so then I come to the story of her concluding years and you know former Foreign Minister Natvarsing has a very interesting account of the time after Rajiv's assassination Rajiv Gandhi's assassination when the general elections had been held this is 1991, the summer of 1991 and there is a real possibility that the Congress even if it doesn't secure an absolute majority would be the dominant party and would form the government so the question was who should be the leader of the Congress in Parliament and because he would then become Prime Minister and Natvarsing former Foreign Minister he has written in his memoirs that he and Arula were sent to meet the vice president Shankar Dayal Shankar and prevail upon him to accept the leadership of the Congress Party in Balak that is to give the vice presidency and to take up Prime Minister of the country and the reason I am mentioning this is that she Arula's when the Congress wanted to convey something to a man like Shankar Dayal Shankar they sought the help of Arula as the Prime Minister and when they went and conveyed this offer to the Suggestion to Shankar Dayal Shankar Shankar Dayal Shankar didn't waste moment to reject it because he said that I don't have the energy to take up such a heavy responsibility as that of Prime Minister and so Natvar writes that Arula and Natvar go back in total silence so stunned they were by the fact that this man had just come down to the Prime Minister and then it was after that that Naseema Rao was born but history would have been so different with the Suggestion which Arula had put to Shankar Dayal Shankar from a secular one he had accepted so and then within a two years of that of course Arula had passed away on 29 July 1996 in 1987 one thing in conclusion I want to read out to you one thing with Jaharlal Nehru wrote on Arula not quite on Arula but Arula in 1947 had been writing, she had been writing for this socialist journal called Jalata and some of those articles were put together at that time in a little booklet called Travel Talk and Jaharlal Nehru was requested to write a little foreword to it that foreword was written in 1947 but it it reads like you might treat it as a sort of summary of anyone writing about Arula in Retrospect today so this read out some extracts if I may I find it a little difficult to write a foreword to this little book the difficulty is not the book but the author of the book how am I to deal with her in her writings they do not require any commendation from me it is easy to criticize any set of views in this complicated world that we live in and Arula also often says and writes something that is liable to criticism there are a number of things I may be able to criticize but that criticism however justified would be poor stuff for it would deal with some superficial aspects of a living, vibrant and challenging personality who has shaken up many a sleeping person and become in many ways a symbol of these changing times and goes on every bit of this foreword is worth reading Thank you very much Anilji for giving us such a comprehensive overview of a very full life in such a short span of time I am sure I speak for everyone and particularly the youth who have been listening when I say that it was both fascinating and inspiring to hear of the directions Arunaji's political life took based on the people she met during her formative years and her own courage extreme courage I would say, convictions and commitment to the freedom struggle and to the idea of independent India Thank you very much once again


So Joe Biden and Donald Trump jump off a cliff to see who hits the ground first. Who wins? America. Society. Josh!  All right. You're closing in on Twitter for more juice content. Same thing. You're closing in on Twitter for more juice content. Today, we got another filter copy. I thought you were gonna say we've got another filthy thing. Oh, we do. I hope it's filthy. And this is called if Bollywood characters existed in real life. All right. But they do. We've seen other ones, like with Karan Johar directed your... Aren't they all real? Yes. Hopefully we've seen all these or at least get the references. Yes. But here we go. Yeah, back to you. I haven't seen it yet.  I haven't seen it yet. I told you to watch it. Simran! You've seen this one? I have. Yes, sir. What was that? What was that playing for you? I thought it was gum. Oh, my God. What happened? Why? What happened? Two, two. We'll have it in one cup. Tell him to love. Really? Show him. He's in love. He's in love. He's in love. Hey. Leave him. Don't worry. Both of them are in love. Yeah. He's in love. Yeah. Tell him to love. What's the matter? You can't learn. Life is a mess. Come on. You'll get it. Hey, you'll get it. You'll get it. Hey, hey. Hey. No, no. What? I think we need one more employee in the marketing team. Do you know anyone? Do you have any CV that can help me? Maya. Maya? Maya is a crazy girl. I haven't seen this. Gosh, dang it. I recognize that idea. That wind. Maya. She's hired. Our Switzerland assignment is five days. And we'll come back after dancing.  Dhano and brothers. Gosh, dang it. In our office, we'll interview all the employees for their welcome. Dhano and brothers. Dhano and brothers.  Is that Magumbo? He's dressed as Magumbo. Is Magumbo involved in that movie in some way? Slides are better than clean up. What's your name? How much? Slides are better than slides. Okay, who's... All the slides are better than slides. All the slides are better than clean up. All the slides are better than clean up. We're better than... Magumbo. Basically, sir, our idea was that this is the time that we should concentrate on the south side of the audience. And... Do you guys have any suggestions? Any questions? Oh yeah, please. Yeah, yeah. Oi. All the slides are better than slides. We're better than slides. We're better than slides. Oh, prime day today. Me hajo azi dekri. And I was for your movie. Tell me how it was.  You know, there were some we didn't understand in there. We got the like, the Bollywood reference. The Bollywoodishness of it. Yes, even though we didn't get... Did they just want to put Magumbo there, or is he involved in that one film in some way? Yeah, I don't know. Well, he's not in shock to India. That was just a carryover. That was funny, so... Uh... Is this one, right? Yeah, it was Whom Sot Sot H- Heng. Or Hain. I'm just pronouncing that. Sot Sot. He's looking at the 100 Bollywood movies bucket list. Right. Yeah, I see it. Right next to Bajurajan. Yeah. You guys could tell... There's a ton on here we haven't seen. Yeah, we've seen quite a bit, though. About half. Maybe a little more. Some of those you haven't seen, though. Like Koini Gila. Yeah. Which I told you to watch. Yeah, well, what are you gonna do? Um... But yeah, we got a lot of the references. I feel like... I would love to do skits like this. Because it doesn't take much. No. But also, they look like they have an entire office of people. Yeah. We just... Our office concludes with this space. This is it. This right here. I want a Magumba. I want to be Magumba. That's a great Halloween costume. I thought about doing a video. It would just take some planning of Indian or Bollywood-specific Halloween costumes. He'd be one specifically. He's right at the top. Taurakhan and DDLJ, of course. Yeah. Yeah. The character in Tombad. Wait, is that Bollywood? No. What is it? Tama? Hmm... Why am I forgetting? Why do I want to say it's... It's not Tama. Is it Canada? It's either Hindi or it's... I don't think Tombad was Hindi. Then it would be Tamil? I guess. Sorry, we don't remember. Yeah, I thought it was years ago. Yeah, it was a long time ago. Yep. It was a long time ago. Anyway, it's very funny. Good one to revisit for Halloween. Yeah, I'm compiling a bunch that we can watch for Halloween. So you guys can let us know what films we should get to. Steph saw that one. Yeah, Steph saw that one. She watched that one. I wonder if Adrani's seen that one because she would like that one. Oh, yeah. She would like that one a lot. In terms of overall... Even though it's not like the scariest thing you'll ever see, obviously. But in terms of production... It's a great horror film. And it's more creepy than, I'd say, scary. Yeah, there hasn't been a horror film out of India that has scared me. Scary. It takes a lot for me to be scared by a horror film. I guess boot...  Those are great. Boot would probably be the closest. Yeah. In terms of scary. Yeah, yeah, yeah. I would love to find some. But my guess is it would be newer ones that come out from probably the Malayalam industry that didn't... Wouldn't surprise me. Or the scary. Wouldn't surprise me. That other one was pretty creepy, too. The Marathi one when she was in the cornfield and she was having a baby. Oh, that was great. Yeah. Thank you for reminding me of that one. I had forgotten about that one. That's one of the better horror films that actually is scary. Yep, and that's a newer one, too. Anyways, let us know in the filter copy videos we can rack to down below.


Ah, time for a weekend of video games. I'm gonna have to do way better than this. That's more like it, although, perfect, I can do better. Nailed it.


Many years ago, the Sakarya Pura Dairy had been run by the men of the village. But they had taken to adulterating the milk for short term gains. And eventually the dairy had to be shut down. Without any other source of income, the villagers fell into despair. This situation lasted until five years ago, when the women decided it was time to take the matter into their own hands. In a country where traditional designers have been handed down by master craftsmen to their children for centuries, professional designers represent the new face of Indian jewelry. Joginder Singh, the Sarpanch, or headman of Palahi village, is fiercely proud of his heritage. These days, however, he has something more to be proud of. Palahi was recently declared a model village by the government of India, an example to be followed by all other villages in the country. Mohan is an orchid cultivator, just like his father and his grandfather. After studying at the Royal Horticultural Society in London and researching orchid cultivation in South Africa, Mohan came back to his native Sikkim to take over his father's business. Later in the day, he will attend the inauguration of the annual flower show in Gantok, where he will display his unique collection of rare and exotic species of orchids. Some distance from the festivities on the 11th hole of the Lucknow Golf Club course, Vijay Kumar is busy playing his daily game. Vijay Kumar is no ordinary golfer. The recipient of a number of national and international trophies and awards, he is one of the leading professional golf players in India. What makes him truly unique, however, is not his position at the top of the Indian golf circuit, but the journey that took him there. Having studied in the village school only until she was 15 years of age, it's difficult to imagine Ambika as the president of a bank, but that's exactly what she is. These women are all part of the savings and micro-credit bank of their village, and Ambika is their elected leader. Established in 1990, the MGR school was set up for the education and rehabilitation of speech and hearing impaired children. What makes this school truly unique is that all facilities are absolutely free. With 223 students, 75 of whom call this building home, this school provides opportunities and a good education to those who could not otherwise have afforded it. Dr. Pradeep Sinha is an integral part of the SEDAC team and is personally responsible for the Param 10,000 on a day-to-day basis. An internationally acclaimed scientist, Dr. Sinha is immensely proud of the fact that the Param 10,000 is available at almost one-sixth the price of other supercomputers in the world. Established by Kamila Tayyapji in 1968, the Women's India Trust, or WIT, has been helping the needy and unskilled women in Mumbai for decades. Over the years, WIT has taken many a disadvantaged woman under its wing and sent out a skilled professional into the marketplace.


Hello, I'm Steffi, and I'm 25 years old. I come from Holland. My husband and I moved to China last December. He got a job at the University of Nottingham, and I joined him, of course. But this, for me, was the time to figure out what I want and what I like to do. So I made a few mindmaps of the things that I've done when I was younger, the jobs that I had liked and the jobs that I didn't like, and it came out that I really loved teaching. I've been a Zumba, yoga, and drama teacher. I've always enjoyed the English language. It gives me so many opportunities. When I'm traveling, you can really communicate to a lot of people because a lot of people out there talk English. So when I saw the TEFL course, I was like, sold. I'm going to do this. This is a next chapter in my life. Even though English is not my native language, I'm happy that I did the TEFL course because I think it's going to give me a lot of opportunities here in China. I do think when I go back to Holland, or if I go back to Holland, I'm not sure. That is not enough because the requirements in Holland are very high. You need to have a very high diploma. So now I did the 120 hours TEFL course. I want to do the master's role because I think in Holland it's going to be easier to find a job if you have a master. So in my apartment right now, it's really close to the university where my husband works. It's super beautiful and we love China. It's really nice. The people are super nice. From next week on, we're going to start doing a Mandarin course as well. So I hope that's going to help me with teaching as well. I think it's going to be nice to understand the kids because sometimes they just cannot express themselves in English yet and they will in Chinese.


Live from Boston, Massachusetts, extracting the signal from the noise, it's theCUBE, covering Red Hat Summit 2015. Brought to you by Red Hat. Now your hosts, Dave Vellante and Stu Miniman. Welcome back to Boston, everybody. This is theCUBE, we're here live at Red Hat Summit. SiliconANGLE Wikibon, we go out to the events, we extract the signal from the noise, we get a great guest on Dietmar Fauser, Vice President of Architecture and Quality and Governance at Amadeus. Dietmar, thanks very much for coming in theCUBE. Hello. So tell us a little bit about Amadeus, for those in our audience that aren't familiar with the project and the organization. So Amadeus, we are a company providing IT solutions to the travel industry, so we are one of the biggest player in this industry. Traditionally, Amadeus is what we call a distribution system, so we link what we call providers and subscribers, so travel agencies, online travel agencies, TMCs, so travel management companies like AmEx, with the providers that are essentially airlines, hotel chains, car rental companies, cruise lines, whoever has a product to sell. So it's really kind of an electronic marketplace that matches the demand and the offering in the industry. And it was born out of a pan EU effort, right? Is that correct? Yeah, Amadeus has, it's sort of born on the internet, just a little bit before, but then pivoted to the internet, right? Kind of, so Amadeus has been created by three big European airlines as a European project. That's why we are structured across Europe, so headquartered in Spain, development essentially in France, and the operational center is nearby Munich in Erdinger. So there was a political intention to do this. So it was one of the big kind of electronic marketplaces way before the internet existed. So we offered, at the time being these green screens, terminal access, but at a very large scale. So Amadeus had quite quickly 350,000 terminals connected to it, and then in the late 90s came the internet, big explosion of course. So kind of a Sabre competitor, is that right? Absolutely, we are the other player. Right, the two big whales in the business, then of course, all kinds of, disruption going on in that business that you have to respond to, which kind of leads me to, so you have all these competitors trying to come at you, using disruptive technologies. How have you responded? You've got a development center in the south of France. I'm sure DevOps is fundamental to your culture. You're here at Red Hat Summit, open source. We're talking Paz all week. Talk about the culture, your development culture. Okay, so we are, I would say, a pretty aggressive adopter of new technology. So we were founded as a mainframe shop, running on IBM, TPF technology. Late in the 90s, we switched to open systems, like Unix and then Linux systems, so highly distributed systems. Well before, kind of open source middleware solutions were available, and now we see the next step of technology changes coming in, like big cloud management solutions, hybrid clouds and distributed environments, and we want to ensure that our materials is ready to take these opportunities should our clients ask us for this, and of course bring it into our own data center because we expect a lot of advantages in terms of automation and less human intervention, so less error-prone operations. So yeah, so you've seen quite the evolution, I'd say, from TPF to what used to be called open systems, it was the Unix era, and so now you've got a culture of DevOps emerging in the world, where are you guys in that whole journey with regard to sort of that DevOps culture? So I think like most significant are almost all companies, I think in the IT field, we look at this very actively, so we have a traditional split of development operations, so currently there is a kind of a handover from R&D to operations when we ship releases on new products, and we clearly believe that we should overcome this and tie the organizations more together, so in recent projects, we implemented DevOps teams, so joint teams with people coming from both operations and R&D organizations, and we see a clear benefits of doing this, so there is a better flow of information and I think the tendency is like across the whole industry is to go much more in this direction. So let's paint a picture of your organization, so you've got existing applications that have been around for a while, you've got sort of new apps that I'm sure you're writing for the web, and then you've got others that maybe you might want to move to the cloud from on premises, but so you still have mainframe apps? We still have a little bit of mainframe around, so the firm sunset date is end of next year, so end of 2016. And off the mainframe. Of course, so we track this on an almost daily basis, the CPU usage going down according to expectation. A very long and complex project, it took us years and years to get this, and now it's coming the next step, the containerization and making applications ready for cloud operations, whether it's in our own data center or perhaps in the future in other hosting environments, it's the farthest disruptive step for us because our applications are reasonably modern and sticking them into a container and having them scheduled over a container management system like OpenShift with Kubernetes. It's not such a disruptive move for us. And so your primary sort of infrastructure is what, Linux, obviously, and some Windows or? Yeah. Right, like everybody else? So essentially Linux, from a pure capacity point of view, it's way beyond 80%, surely in the 90% it's running on Linux. Our e-commerce environments is running on Microsoft Java and we have in mind over time to move this onto a Linux standard computing environment, the same that we currently work on. But we know that this will take some time and effort. The good thing is with containers, you don't care so much whether there is Java running inside or Python or C++, like most of our applications or whatever actually. So, Dietmar, it's pretty early in the whole Docker discussion. Can you help explain to your peers what led you down the containerization path and what you've benefited from it? Yeah, sure, I mean, Docker is, I think, I believe the fastest adoption that we have seen in the whole industry ever. So many of our teams naturally look towards new technologies with very high flying and curious engineers. And so there is a natural adoption. So the benefits we expect from Docker is the standard operating model, like scheduling standard containers no matter what they are doing over the infrastructure, having a more traceable deployment chain because the good thing with the containers is that you're entirely sure that the same thing, it's signed and trusted containers, the same thing runs on test systems and on production. So there is a software engineering advantage and there is a runtime operational advantage to have standard containers. So really kind of the life cycle management of your applications? Yeah, life cycle management and operations, both are equally important. I think from an agility point of view, life cycle advantages are important. From an operational point of view, it's important that the system is uniformly run so that there are no kind of idiosyncrasies depending on the technology you use because this ultimately leads to error prone procedures or erratic behavior when there are issues because people have to see, okay, this is the e-commerce environment, I have to behave differently than in the open systems. So your team has a lot of Linux background, did that help with the adoption of the containers? Oh yes, we have a very strong Linux culture. It became pretty evident quickly that container would be something that flies. From a software point of view, it's very close to what we do with software anyway because containers are layered, you have a version on it and you build a container almost like you build a software release, so it's from an IT point of view, quite a natural adoption. I would say our strong Linux culture helped us more on the OpenShift Kubernetes adoption than on the Docker adoption itself. We dig deeper into the details when we talk about the OpenShift platform really. So you've also got governance and some people are concerned about security when they talk about containers. How did you sell this up to your management chain and any kind of challenges or lessons learned that you could share along those lines? Well, we systematically look into security. So we don't believe that containers would add a significant risk. I mean, the whole thing is that you have to have a trusted source from where containers are running. So we have what we call a DML, a media library. It's a thing where containers get stored where the runtime systems pick it up and running. So what we have to be sure that only trusted development teams can commit a container into this environment. So we will not run containers coming from Docker Hub and right on our production system, of course not. So we don't intend to open Amadeus as a standard a path where everybody can run its stuff, of course. So maybe talk a little bit more about the Amadeus cloud, the platform, what's the objective? How do you, are you building an ecosystem around that? Maybe talk about that a little bit. So the principle objective is simplification and automation of our operational environment. So as I said, we have Microsoft environments, we have Linux environments and the Linux environment is very big. There are little deviations here and there. So what we call the Amadeus cloud services is really rolling a standard scheduling and operation management system into our own data center. Our kind of definition for what a cloud system really is, because I believe there are many of them out there, is that with these systems we stretch the resource management to the size of a data center, which means you have global resources available and you let a computer system choose which resource to use for a given task. And currently we do this in a very stringent, but much more, I won't say old fashioned, but more classical way by saying, okay, these machines are attached to this application. It's not fully automated at this point. It's not fully automated. It's very much automated, but it's not... But it could be, but you've chosen not to... The machine's not making the decision as to where to place the workload. Is that right? Well, the difference is that currently machines kind of are fixed in a fixed way assigned to applications. So a machine is named according to the application it will run on big cloud systems. This doesn't make sense anymore. You just see a machine as an anonymous piece of... It's invisible. Of capacity and it's invisible and it should not be up to a human to choose which is the right piece of capacity to run a given task at a given moment. It's, if you think this through, that's exactly what Linux is doing. I mean, you have cores, you have memory available and you have many processes running on the operating system and the operating system chooses to which task give a given core or given CPU, which memory consumptions you get, how much access to computing resources you get and what we see with Kubernetes and these environments open shift is that this model gets stretched to clusters of machines like tens of thousands of machines in some extreme cases. So we kind of move the scheduling paradigm up to the whole data center. The data center is the computer. That's what we try to teach internally. So there is a way to go, of course, to implement this. Right, but it's the vision. It's the vision. How about your database technology? What's, I mean, a variety of different databases that I can imagine? Yeah, you're like an oracle shop. Like in big environments like us. Primarily Oracle, we, as I said, we adopt technology fast and early. So we are very, very huge, no SQL shop. Even with an Oracle, we use key value data models. Just oracles, key value store. Well, we have built this our own. It's very simple to implement a key value store on Oracle. You have a table with two columns. One is the key. The other is just a binary object. But you use that platform too. We did use this this way because no SQL solutions didn't exist back in 2000. And now we use other technologies like many of us. We use MongoDB. We use Cache-based, Memcache-D a lot. So if Oracle comes to you and says, hey, we got this great new Paz announcement, new cloud. You don't have to go anywhere else. Red stack, extend Oracle into the application domain. Forget that red hat stuff. That's just fragile. What's your response? I would be...  No, no, no. But I would surely argue a lot with them. I mean, we have a lot of trust in what we are doing with Red Hat. It's not a tiny startup that comes along. They have proven that they can bring enterprise-ready things to the market, like Linux. Everybody is using their Linux distribution, so do we. We are a strong believer in open source. So this is one of the key arguments, the fact that we profit and we contribute to something that is of common use. The infrastructure is not something that brings us a competitive advantage, really. It's our applications, our technical and functional know-how to build solutions for the travel industry. So we quite like the idea that we share our collective intelligence to build the 90% of the computing stock that is not the application that everybody needs at a reasonable cost and too high quality. So let me play, I hate being in the position of playing Oracle, but you said I would debate them. No, no, no. Okay, so they're going to come in and say, the advantage, I hear a lot about integration. The advantage they're going to say that we have is this full stack integration from silicon all the way up through the application, and that's going to give you better performance, better reliability, better recovery, better everything, better scale, blah, blah, blah. The open source can't match that, is what they're going to say. I'm hearing, you don't buy that. Why don't you buy that? No, I don't, for a couple of reasons. First, the biggest cloud environments are built on open technology. So Google, Compute Engine, AWS, there is a lot of open source technology in there. Secondly, there are indications that in the future some of our clients might ask us to run the solutions not in our data center, but closer to a given booking source, for example. So like a lot of other companies, there might be a need to distribute the computing and not to master the infrastructure over which you run it ultimately. It could be any provider, a client of us, or whomever. And it's really important to decouple the applications from the underlying infrastructure. And this is why we build our applications around the OpenShift platform that can run over a variety of infrastructures, so OpenStuck, or VM there, or whatever solutions we choose, or bare metal. It's important to decouple the application from the infrastructure to give you more flexibility, freedom, choice, speed. Yeah, not necessarily speed, I would say, but choice, freedom to operate. So that's a key point. So the examples you used.  You would have a, it's possible, of course, but it would not be the most important one. It's all Java. I'm teasing. It's not all Java. I'm teasing, that's what I'm saying. That's what Larry Ellison would say, it's all RINJA. I'm pushing because I'm trying to understand that's the only reason, because what you talked about, Google Compute Engine, Amazon, et cetera, those are built on open source, but they're highly homogeneous environments. And Oracle's coming at you with a highly homogeneous environment. My question is, are you able to replicate, or do you even need to replicate that homogeneity in order to replicate the capabilities of, let's say, those public cloud providers? As I said, homogeneity, especially for the infrastructure parts might be not the right parameter anyway to take into account. I mean, there is a given set of heterogeneity. Once you say you want to make a platform ready to run it on different infrastructures, homogeneity is a bit gone, huh? Yeah, that's great. So Dave, I got a question from the crowd actually. Deepmar, they said, I mean, you guys are moving pretty fast. And the question they have is your customers, the people that run on your platform, have their operations on Amadeus.  How does that give and take of customers that are ready to move fast and those that move a little slower? Well, there are two aspects of the answer to this. First, I believe historically our customers have a lot of trust in what we are doing. I mean, we operate for them, especially for the airlines. We are a very big provider of LNIT systems so we operate flight inventories, airport operations for the airlines. And our customers are used by the SAS models of cloud services service to outsource this type of stuff to us and they acknowledge that we moved from mainframes to Unix and they will also acknowledge that we moved towards cloud-based systems. There is another thing, we don't explore this actively but a lot of our customers are in discussions with us to have other third-party companies extend our own capabilities, like serviceability of our own solutions. And the more you move towards standard containerization, the easier it would be in the future to take third-party software to extend our own core capabilities on our platform.  As I said, we don't intend to position our materials as a pass to do this but it's something we keep in mind and this is also why we believe that containerization and standard scheduling is so important. So every vendor has an open-source strategy. Put that in quotes. Oracle does, VMware, obviously Red Hat lives, breathes, eats, open-source, certainly IBM, Microsoft. Microsoft is opening up. Definitely opening up. As a buyer, how do you evaluate, first of all, I'm making the assumption open-source is very important to you. So that's a key criterion for your vendors to have. How do you evaluate, because they all come at you with marketing. Oh yes, we do open-stack and we love Kubernetes and Docker, blah, blah, blah. How do you evaluate the validity, validate their story? That's a good question really because I think there's no single scientific answer to this. So it's really a mix of trust that we have in a given company. In some situations, the funding a company has, if it's a smaller company and not like Red Hat, the adoption of the industry.  So it looks like something that will be around for a significant time. For sure, the fact that it's fully open-source is very important because it gives us the freedom to put our fingers in and if need be, maintain it ourselves. We don't want to do this, but the possibility is there. There is an aspect of forward-thinking, so the modernity of the solution. So it's a mix of given parameters, but we work with a lot of the companies you were setting. We are a significant customer of VMware, so we talk to them also and we have had extensive discussions with them around Cloud Foundry. We use their open-stack implementation, for example. So it's a mix. We try not to put all of our eggs in the same basket either. And many of those stories are compelling. I mean, these are smart people. They listen to their customers. They know that if they don't listen to their customers, they're going to end up like Digital Son or Data General. Absolutely, there are great companies, intelligent people, and they see the threat of open-source solutions coming around and they adapt to this, of course. But at the same time, they know that if they adopt publicly Kubernetes and Docker and things like that, that they can freeze the market on the upstarts and they can maybe take their time. Is that changing though? Are the market pressures so great that companies like VMware, certainly IBM has adopted its versions of open-source and does very well. The HP now is very much on the bandwagon. Are they going to be pressured to really act, in your opinion, as opposed to sort of fud the market? I'm convinced, yes. Yeah. Times have changed. I believe that there is significant pressure. As I said, I really believe that the essential parts of the whole computing stack, so we have seen this with Linux. We see this with cluster management systems. We see this with middleware solutions. The whole stack really is available through open-source solutions, which is a great and a massive game changer, isn't it? And so Red Hat has this brilliant model. I mean, it's so counterintuitive. Give, spend like crazy, invest like crazy, commit, give it away for free, and then support it. And then in retrospect, wow, that's genius. But in other companies have tried, many have sold. Red Hat has bought some, VMware has bought some, I give others. Why do you think we don't see more success with that type of model? Is it just too early right now? Is it too hard? Yeah, it's not an easy thing because you need to have trust out there so that people really believe in your future, that you will be around. I mean, for us as an enterprise, it's really important that a partner stays around and we value this. We like the idea of supporting companies like Red Hat, obviously financially also, through taking their support services. And I believe that there are a lot of great success stories out there also. I mean, the Mongo guys, for example, are doing great. A few other companies are doing great. I think the Docker IPO one day will be a healthy day for the guys who have found it. I mean, Hortonworks has given a great bid for it. You know, their initial IPO or the income statement wasn't that pretty, but starting to show some potential there. But still very early, it's all less than $100 million. Yeah, yeah, and for example, you were questioning about the database environments. There are really a big number of players out there and every day new ones come in, Cockroach, DB or all that. Yeah, DeSandra, Aerospike, Open Source now. You name them. And so here it's sometimes not evident to really see what consolidation and who will survive on this game. Yeah, so it is very early. It's very early. We all adopt these type of technologies, but the end game is not yet known. Yeah, so talk a little bit about your data strategy. Are you doing Hadoop, for example? I mean, you're using a lot of the key values to do Hadoop. Yeah, I mean, historically, we are more transactional shops, so we have very, very high transactional volumes, but we move more and more into analytics, including real-time streaming type of analytics to better understand how our system is used to be more sophisticated when it comes to fraud detection and quite a lot of other initiatives ongoing. So we use, obviously, Hadoop. The last time I checked, Amadeus was hosting something like 30 petabytes of data, so there's a lot of data around. And the quality in your title is part of that quality data quality? Are you the de facto chief data officer or no? Not really, no, no. I'm more... Software quality. Yeah, I'm more there to furnish the base technical capabilities. I'm not overseeing the data scientists or trying to harmonize the data structures in the company itself. What about the governance, basically, in your title? It's pretending to R&D, so parts of my activity is to give what we call, historically called development supporters of engineering services, so we provide a standard development environment. We ensure that gradually the applications go towards containerization. We have an internal technical policy, so we have a catalog of what we call non-functional requirements like security requirements, scalability, recoverability requirements, and we try to ensure that the different various application teams adhere to common practice, which is a challenge in itself in a big distributed job. What's the most fun part of your job? What do you enjoy the most? Me personally, I'm really very much a new technology. I'm a distributed systems specialist, so I quite enjoy what's happening currently with Kubernetes, and I'm looking a lot for the in-memory data management system, so that's where I get possibly the most technical satisfaction out of it. Well, it's your renaissance of distributed systems now, for years distributed systems have been so limited, and many just didn't work at scale, and web scale has changed that, so very exciting times. David, thanks very much for coming on theCUBE. We have to leave it there, but it's really a pleasure talking to you. Thank you. All right, keep it right there. Everybody, Stu and I will be back to wrap up day one at Red Hat Summit. This is theCUBE. We're live from Boston. We'll be right back.


Hi everyone, Joe for jaskiescasebrakes.com with a 2013 Panini certified football coming at you one box random team break number nine One spot gets you two teams all teams are in no-vetcom chip at the end of the break will take all 32 names Randomize them top name gets a spot in that NFL draft mixer. That is happening a little bit later tonight big Thanks to this group here. Let's double you up Like sir mix a lot. Oh double up. Oh, oh All teams are in let's roll it do the break first roll it randomize it two and a six eight times one two times eight times eight times in teams Was a different dice roll for the giveaway part Eighth and final time and no trade windows. Here's the first half of the list And there's the second half of the list. It's print and rip That's the thing about mock drafts. Look at all these trades that have been happening You know anyone can do these mock drafts, but in the end, you don't know what what teams are gonna be traded What crazy things are gonna do those need bills are on the bills pick is in there's the final print out Here's 2013 Certified football Last from the past could be some surprises in here. Good luck everybody go and defense Bill's going defense corner at Quinton Patton for the Niners Jersey and autograph 43 out of 100 It'll be for Jonathan and the Niners Alec gold tree to 100 on that Miles Austin to 100 as well new generation to 999 Matt Forte to 199 piece of his jersey Jonathan with the Bears is worn moon to 100 Kendall right to 100 It's to 999 and mortals and it's Smith got to 25. We've got Jonathan Banks and the auto is DJ fluke or new generation autograph 325 out of 999 for the Chargers canard with the bolts Nard bolt with the bolts And he has the Colts That works got a keen now and rookie card for the bolts and we've got Robert Woods rookie relic for the bills 282 out of 299 Buffalo Carl with the Buffalo Bills The little Powell to 100 Sam Bradford to 250 Michael Irvin a rice to 100 Greg little to 250 Josh Boyce to 999 And that my friends is that All right now. Let's see who's gonna win a NFL Mixer spot. Let's gather everybody's names 1 through 32 new dice new list Let's roll it and randomize a name on top after three two and a one three easy times. Good luck one two and three just one winner in This so a lot of sad faces here Canard very close sad faces from two down to 32, but a big happy face for Martin there you go There you go, Martin. You are in the NFL mixer After three times there you have it. I'm Joe for jasky's case brace calm. I'll see you next time for the next one. Bye. Bye