Stink Tech Hawaii, Community Matters here. The easiest. Okay, we're live. We're back. It's G with four o'clock already on the first business day of the year, the first original broadcast day of the year. Think Tech, broadcasting, original talk shows, five a day, six a day, six a day. Sometimes seven or eight a day, and 24 hours a day. We keep on broadcasting our earliest stuff. And this is G, we're 17 years old already. It's older than a lot of people I know. Anyway, today we have a really special show, Humane Architecture, and Martin de Spang is still in Europe, so I'm sitting in for him. And our special guest today is Tonia Moy. She is with what? Fung and Associates. Fung and Associates. Right. And she's a historic architect. That doesn't mean that Tonia herself is historic. She's still pretty young. With the architecture she studies, that's historic. And she is the former president of the Hawaii Dokomomo Society. What is it? Dokomomo, right. Dokomomo, Dokomomo Society. Not the Dokomomo Japanese phone company, but no, the documentation and conservation of modern movement, of the modern. Okay, M-O-M-O. Modern movement. Right. Right. But Doko, what is Dokomomo? Dokomomo is documentation and conservation. Okay, okay. All right. What does it do? What does it do under you? Party? No. Besides that, we do actually try to do documentation by doing photo, we call them Dokofoto events, which is, you know, we want to do one of the Capulani Miracle Mile soon, because it's disappearing quickly. So we do documentation. We have a website, we have a library, a digital library, which we have been working on for five years. Actually our organization is pretty young. It's only like five years old now, five, six years old now. And then just wanted to revisit our Capulani Boulevard was our 2013, one of our first tour days. Oh, you mean the AIA tour days? No, it was Dokomomo tour day. Okay. Yeah. We wanted to revisit it since a lot of things are either very threatened to be gone soon or actually have gone already since the time we did the tour, so, or have been completely changed. There's all kinds of implications of that and historical, may I use that term, implications of that. But let me ask you, what is it to be an historic architect? Do you have to study special? Well, you just have to do a lot of historic projects is basically what it is. And you do have to know a bit about history because, you know, for, well, for me, you know, like the architecture is always sort of a representation of the time and the culture. Life as it was at the time. Yes, right. And there's reasons for things being designed a certain way, so in order for you to understand that, you have to understand a little bit about that, what was going on at the time. It must be hard in Hawaii because Hawaii has no sense of architecture. Eclectic would be too fine a word, junk architecture is everywhere, isn't it? Well, I would say you have to take a closer look at it. It's not always junk. It's just like you have to take a closer look at it. And I think our tour days, if you come to the Dokomomo tour days, you'll see like some things are, I think at first glance, people don't appreciate, but if you look closely at it, there's so many things in it that were built, and you have to go back and to think of why they were built a certain way, and then you sort of understand things and then appreciate it more. I think that's the whole thing. So you're looking, it's like, it's prouced, you're looking through the keyhole into your past, and the building is the keyhole. The building shows you the past, so you have to interpret the past by looking at the building, whatever building it is. That's a very good way of putting it, yes. And so the building represents this past history, and without the building there, that part of history kind of goes back. That's kind of sad, actually. Yeah, that is kind of sad. So you're kind of an historian. So, you know, let's, now the Kapiolani Boulevard project, that's a Dokomomo project, is that what it is? Well, in 2013, Dokomomo did a tour along Kapiolani Boulevard. A tour meeting, I could come with you when you show me the building to explain. Right, right, right. The same way you explained to me on the AIA tour a couple of years ago. Yes, right. And so we actually had like a tour day for sure, and people, we had those, just like the AIA tours, we had docent stop along the way and talk about all the different buildings there. And because it's called the Miracle Mile, it was kind of dubbed that in the late 40s because at that time they had, and I know, we can't unfortunately show all this, but they had all these, you know, star... Well, we can show them and see if our staff can do some kind of close-up. Can do, like, a really great... Can you, I don't know if you can... Yeah, there it is. So they had all these buildings done by star architects, all the Asipovs and the Alfred prices. This is Kapiolani from where to where? From Sheridan to Kalakawa, sort of, you know, that end. Oh, to Atkinson, actually ended at Atkinson. To Atkinson, sort of central, yeah. Right, I mean, it goes on long further, and I was just, you know, kind of like spoofing up my history on it before coming, and it was interesting because I think in 1924 there were articles saying, we need to have this boulevard to relieve the traffic in Waikiki. So from 1924 all the way to 1947, I think it took that long to build it, and, you know, that kind of typical project. So when you look through the keyhole on Kapiolani, in that period, in that area, Atkinson to, say, Sheridan, what were the forces at play, was it commercial, was it residential, the retail, what? Yeah, it was actually... Well, so that whole boulevard was developed for the cars, of course, right? And then all the shops along there had parking, either under them or to the side or to the back. So that was it.  We're going to build this great boulevard that people can park and go look at the shop. So they were all developed in that way. And what kind of shops? So they had some interesting, they had paint shops, they had flamingos, I don't know if you remember or flamingos down the road, but they had Kapiolani Bakery. And then they had car dealerships, they had a bowling alley. At one time, they had the drive-in. And then it became the theater, there was Kapiolani Theater. And there was just, you know, yeah, and you could just... This is all before my time. Yes. And I came here, which was 1965. Okay. The television station was there. That, yes. They don't think it's there anymore. No. But that was there until kind of recently. Yeah, kind of recently. And the spinning revolving building over there. The revolving building. 1441 was in there. That's why, it's called the Alamoana Building. It's kind of part of Alamoana Shopping Center, built by the same architect as Alamoana Shopping Center. Yeah. And that one there, interesting, was the first revolving building in the United States. Before the Seattle needle. Yeah, but it doesn't revolve anymore. It got stuck somewhere. They welded it shut. Oh, is that okay? Unfortunately. I know, but it's still there. I remember eating there, and it would go, in one hour's time, the complete revolution. That's right. Pretty attractive. Slowly, so you don't get sick. Yeah. Right, it's nice and slow. Yeah. See what else was there. Oh, there was the Aloha Motors, was there. Yeah, that was on the other end, right? Yeah, on Atkinson. Right. So I mean, maybe we can, well, this, what we have here is what still in, along the Capilani Boulevard. So I don't know if you want to go through some of these slides. Yeah, let's go through some of your pictures. Take a look at some. So this is a little older, actually. This is 1938, and this is an osepoth. So it's, you know, it's, I don't know if you've ever been there. The Admiral Hospital? Yeah. Is it still there? It's still there. And, you know, I haven't heard of it being threatened, but it may be because it's such a low development, but it's a very cool building. It's osepoth done in 1938, kind of modern with the clean lines. And I don't know if you can see, you know, there's that tree, and by that tree, there's a blue area. And that's actually a trough for water, for the pets to come and drink from. Oh, how interesting. Yeah, I know.  That looks like, may I invoke the name Frank Lloyd Wright for a minute? Sure, can he? It's that period, isn't it? I mean, it's modern looking, modern ahead of its time, yeah. Yeah, right, because, well, 1938, you had the modern, the streamlined modern, right, which is also that kind of shit-looking type of building. So this, yeah. Very sustainable design. It is. It's still relevant to the design. It's still using it too, isn't that cool? Yeah, yeah. And so the other buildings that we have, I think, online is, so this is the seaboard, and I think a lot of people will look at this and think nothing special about it, but it was done in, let's see, 1956, and it was done by Merrill Sims and Rorik. I know you don't hear that name today because they're no longer in business, but anyway, it was- Local architecture firm. They were local architecture firm. They were the successors to Charles Dickey's firm. Because- Oh, Dickey. Yes, Dickey, which is a famous- Very important. You have studied many Dickey properties in Manoa, for example. Right, right. He was the king of Manoa because 1910 or so, yeah. Right, they even named the roof style after him with the double-pitched, yeah. Treasured now for the Star Con. Yeah, so that was the successor to that firm, so. Where was the seaboard building exactly? The seaboard building is kind of on your way up to Republic. The- Oh, it's on-copulant. Yeah, on-copulant. Everything we're talking about was on-copulant. Right, right, right, right. Can I say that it's really not very appealing to me on an aesthetic basis? I think, for a lot of people, that is very true, but so that's why you have to take a closer look at it. And what was interesting about it, I'll just read some of the newspaper article that was written because it was called The Modern Hawaiian Style, and maybe can we go back to the slide that shows that seaboard finance and then, and so, and it has a new type of glare-reducing glass, which gives the effect of a person wearing dark glasses, eliminating the need for blinds. So it's kind of like high-tech of the era. And then I think the next slide shows the corner, a corner of it, which is, or just, you know, I mean, it is very clean lines, that horizontal feeling with the little bit of use of Hawaii local fat measure. That's 1347 Kapiolani. Is that the address? I'm glad you know the address, yes. That's where I came here. I worked there. Oh, okay. In the United States Coast Guard occupied a good part of that building. Oh, really? Yeah, now I remember it. And you probably hated the building. Well, that side that you showed, the side on Kapiolani that we're looking at right now is not so bad. Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah. The parking lot side was pretty ugly. But you know, I suppose there was a technical feature there. Right. Maybe they treated it as high-tech facing the parking lot. Yes, it was. And it was air-conditioned. Yes. And fluorescent lights. Yes. So that's like very high-tech. The Rescue Coordination Center, you'll enjoy this. Can we go back to the building where you saw the parking lot, the same seaboard building? Yeah. See, on the last floor, the top floor. Yes. That was the Rescue Coordination Center for the Coast Guard for a long time. And they could look out over Alamoana. This faced Kona Street. This shot is taken from Kona Street. From under, yeah. And that top floor looked out over Alamoana Center. And they could do rescues. They could see the ocean. They could see the ocean, yeah, yeah. I was on the second floor. I guess they can't do anymore, huh? Well, that is funny. That is interesting. Yeah, what was the point of those? You know, that's added on after. Before, the original didn't have that. So I'm thinking it was added on probably the head shade at one time. But that's also gone. It shows you. There's a point there is you take a building that has. Show more slides that show that as well. OK. So you want to continue on to, I think, next maybe is another slide of a building that's along Kapilani. As I said, they're all along Kapilani. Oh, here, this is what we're talking about. This used to be called the Mid-Pacific. It was an insurance agency. And again, sorry that the people can't see. Now, let's just show that to the camera. Like, maybe you can see it here. Maybe our staff can actually show that to the camera. I don't know which way. OK, so you can see that this is what it was like before. OK. So it was pretty clear on the bottom. It was a very modernist building with a clear bottom, kind of a floating top. And then you can go back to the slide we were showing. And this is what happened when someone did an extension in the front of it. So actually, you don't really even see this until you go to the side. That's interesting. No windows. Right. And it had clear windows on the bottom. It looked like a floating box when it was originally built. The funny thing is that at some point, I'm not sure when this appeared, but there was architecture in Hawaii that was open. Walk-in, the lobby all open. A lot of lava rock around, a lot of openness. You see through the building on the ground floor. Anyway, these buildings are not open. Some of them used to be. A lot of them used to be. But yeah, not anymore. Somebody decided that they needed to close them up. Right. Air conditioning. I mean, air conditioning is a plus and a minus, right? It makes it comfortable and makes your computer work better. But no longer are you aware of the temperature outside. No longer do people have to design for it. Like they used to have to design for it. But now it's. So what do these buildings tell us about the times in which they were built? The ones we've looked at. So far, well, all of these buildings. Actually, a lot of the buildings, they do have things that are of the, like the fins in the earlier building to control the sun. Like the cars. Yeah. And the car, well, and then, yes, it was, it was like cars are really big, right? They were going to rule. They kind of ended up ruling the architecture. So it was very much built for cars. And it's so, as you saw from the Pacific sign, so they were very simple buildings. Because if you're traveling down the road at 30 miles per hour, you don't need to see the fine details, right? But you do need to see the big sign that says mid-Pacific or whatever it is. So it was very simple with a huge, with a big sign, neon lights often, or a big fin that goes up so that people will see it and know when to stop. So it had a lot of design implications. Yeah. I want to add, by the way, that I remember the amount of traffic that existed on Capulani in those days. Not much. Not much. I used to ride my bike to work. There was nobody there. No problem at all. In the 60s. Yeah. I think the 60s and 70s saw kind of a decline of Capulani as no longer the miracle mile. Well, 60s and 70s, I think it continued to be developed, but more like there was some banking institutions. Of course, Alamo and a shopping center. I think people discovered that people don't want to go from shop to shop in their cars, but Alamoana was super convenient. There was lots of parking. You park your car once, and then you can walk to all the shops. So the original idea about retail and stopping and going to the parking lot, going to the next one, and so forth, that got outmoded. It kind of got outmoded. Alamoana catapulted over that. Right, right. So Alamoana is the most successful of all what was there. And so yeah, so the 60s, 70s kind of a decline. And then a lot of these beautiful buildings, they've become kind of like some of them are more like tattoo parlors, porno shops, bars, and stuff. Well, all of Camropa Street was turning into that kind of thing, a lot of bars and hostess parking. And in that neighborhood, there were also factories. There were factories. They were doing mumus. Industrial. The garment sector existed right there. Industrial, yeah. At Kamoku and Kapiolana. Right, and some of the buildings still look like factories, right? Yeah, yeah. Well, you talk about the decline. What exactly is a decline? You have a certain quality of architecture, a certain sort of neighborhood feeling, and then a decline. What does decline mean? Well, and then I guess that people weren't using the shops. So people were going to Alamoana, most likely. Or even downtown, right? Even downtown in the 80s and 90s, they decided to make Fort Street into a mall because people weren't just using the street anymore as their mall. They liked Alamoana, I guess. So then the shops started shutting down. And then what could be on there? So it's financial institutions. So for a while there were some, and there is still some really nice banks. And there were things like pan and building, right? Comes up in the late 60s. Because they tear down the small little building there, tear it down, build some shops on the bottom, and build a high rise. So there's like a couple, there's the Chateau Bleu. And they're still relatively old. I mean, they're built in the 60s and 70s. But it was kind of when the shops were not being... This was the stage after the original stage of shops. Right, right. And then now they're going, too. Yeah, they are. Gee, the Blue Chateau Bleu, what was it? Yeah, that condo. That was a condo. It was one of the early condos in the 60s, I think. Yes, it was. Yeah, by Ed Bauer, I don't know if you, Bauer, I think Martin did a whole episode on Bauer at one time. So yeah. And then, well, I think the later slides I have show like some of the buildings that are threatened quite immediately, the Kenrock Building and the Boys and Paint Building, which are really, I mean, I think even non-modernist would appreciate the architecture of those buildings. So maybe we can see some of those slides, too. Yeah, let's see some of those. Now, that's a pretty block, don't you think? Right, that's... I enjoy that block, that's gonna... That's gonna be gone. It's gonna be gone. Yeah, they're gonna be building condos there. That's the plan. So this building was done by Limon Freeth and Haynes, which is the precursor to Architects Hawaii. And so Limon was the main designer, and he loved that sandstone. So he did that one in Boys and Paint across the street. But, you know, so they did it interestingly.  And part of that was to show that you could see the parking so that people knew that there was parking. Sure, it looked quite true. Yeah, and yet it's right on the street. So Architects Hawaii used to have their offices there, and they said that even the Hawaii State Capitol was designed there. So that's gonna be a really sad one to see.  Yeah, it's very beautiful. And I think there's, I'm not sure what's next, but let's look at what other pictures. Well, this one is in turn. This is the Alamoana building. It's not certain that we know of, except there is talk about that it turning into a condo. But I'm not sure. Oh, the Alamoana. The Alamoana building, which is currently, yeah. I'm not sure. So I mean, don't quote me on all that because I'm not sure what happens. So this shows you the little details that are in a modern building, which you don't see at first glance, like look at the breeze blocks on the top. They're beautiful. And the use of marble for a detail and planters, it's a small little focus details, I think about modern architecture that make it harder to appreciate, harder to see really, until you get up close, maybe. So let's see what's next. What do I have next? So this building, and then I think this one here, even aesthetic. It's the HMSA building, the original HMSA building. Oh. We'll see as cool as what is called. So, and then touch the next slide. I mean, this is another one you look at, hard to appreciate, but it was one of the early precast buildings. And if you look at the next slide, it shows you, you know, it's kind of neat. It shows a detail on it. And if you look at that, it's kind of like, wow, that's pretty. It's very artistic. Yes, it is. So I mean, that's the thing with modern. I think you have to really look at the small things. I don't know, what other buildings do I have in there? Oh, this building was called the Miyamoto building, and it's actually gone already. And the condo is pretty much built now. This is on Kapiolani? This was on Kapiolani. And this was part of our 2013 tour. And since then, it's disappeared. But it's, you know, it's, again, I guess at first glance, it's just like a box. But then if you look at it, then maybe the next slide shows a little bit more. You know, it has like a stairway that's not just a stairway, and it's got these little, you know, canted kind of columns and... Yeah, I would call it part of the Kapa Kahi school. Everything going in different directions. The windows are all five-size. Yeah. It's not easy to look at. Sorry, just my view, that's all. Yeah, it's okay. Everybody has their view. But what other, what other? I can't, what other? And so now this building is, used to be the Boys and Paint building. Yeah. Do you remember, was it, was it there when you were, when you were working on Kapiolani? I don't remember actually, Tonya. Okay. But you know what, it's, I like that central piece there. Yes. And it, because it used to have the Boys and Paint sign on it. Oh, okay, okay. So that as you're driving by, you'd know that was the Boys and Paint building. Imagine a paint store, a hardware store. I know, right, expensive, what expensive? It would be. But you know, it was really cool. And, and fortune, I wish I would have a color photo. I don't even really know when it changed, but it used to have this light fixture that was on the ceiling that was shaped like a painter's palette. And each light was a different color. So I mean, that's really cool. And then it became like a, I think a porno shop or, I think that's kind of what it is. I don't know if it's still is. If you get closer to Atkinson. Yeah. The high side of copy along that hole, talk about decline. That declined something awful. Yeah. They turned it.  And now when you pass by, it's a little scary to pass by a lot of times. Yeah, it's just scary. You know, the funny thing is you talked about how Alamoana kind of defined the neighborhood or defined retail in the neighborhood. Alamoana defined commerce in the neighborhood between the Alamoana Tower with the offices there and Alamoana shopping center with everything that was coming up.  It's one of the biggest, most complex shopping centers in the world. It is, yeah. I think it's the largest outdoor shopping center in the world, yeah. So you, as it grew, it grew in these huge stages over time and was sold and grew some more and bigger anchors came in and the little local companies, well, they went out. Yeah. They went to Ward Warehouse, which then got. The same thing, same thing, yeah.  Yeah. So you would expect though, Capulani, to go up in value, in appraised value, up in usage, up in highest and best use being, as always, condominium, right? And this whole street now, instead of turning into Fifth Avenue, which I hoped that it would years ago, I expected it would, no, Fifth Avenue was inside Alamoana. Yes. Not on copy alone. That's right. That is exactly right.  It's gonna be condos up and down. Isn't that what's happening? That is what's happening. There's that, the one that I showed you that's already torn down, that's a condo. And well, at the very end, it's gonna be the Mandarin, which is gonna be a condo tell, one of those guys. And then the one that's Kenrock building, I'm pretty sure it's the two tower condo. I mean, I don't know if they've got their plan set or if there's any hope of saving any of it, but, because I don't think they're super far along, but I think that's the idea. Well, here's the big question, Tonyana, they are closing question. Okay. So you have Alamoana redefining. You have this whole bunch of really interesting buildings. Some of them really nice, others not, but some of them really nice. It was a place in which Hawaii grew. It was a thermometer. Show you Hawaii's growth from Mubu factories, to medical buildings, to gosh, all kinds of things. But now, highest and best use and all the high values in that area, all the condos, they define their own neighborhood. So there'll be more condos, regrettably, in my view. But can the condos, I mean, I'm with you on this, we need to preserve the history of Hawaii. We need to preserve it through preserving the quality architecture and seeing through the keyhole. Can it coexist with these brand new and sometimes really super ugly condos? How do you make that happen? Aside from taking a lot of pictures and putting them in your book. Right, right. How do you make that happen? Right, oh, that's a really hard question.  I understand that. But you know, like take the bits of what's the best parts and then maybe just preserve that part and then try and have like architecture that matches up to at least that quality. You know, it doesn't have to look exactly like it, but it should have that quality, right? That would be great. I mean, and there are things, like you said, along Capulani Boulevard that are but ugly, or have been like mutilated beyond belief. So, I mean, those is like, can you pick those and make a condo on them? And not the, you know, not the boys in paint building.  We'll bring in Martin. Bring in Martin, right, and DeSoto Brown. Yeah. And we say that that building that Architects Hawaii did, you showed me whether you can see through into the parking lot with the shrubbery in the front, the square buildings. Oh, the one's, what's the name of that? The Ken Rock building. Ken Rock building, yeah. Let's say that we decide this is really an architectural treasure and there's really something special that happened and through it we can understand, you know, the way Honolulu developed, we can understand the nature of the essence of Capulani Boulevard then and arguably now. Right. So we say we're going to try to preserve the Ken Rock building. How do we do that? A parade. Yeah. A protest. Well, no, even that probably wouldn't, I think the owners have to be, have to appreciate it. It's hard because they probably wouldn't make any money by preserving it. Definitely not. You know? There are, you could sell the rights over it to build denser next door or the one after that. I believe the owners know that already. So I don't know, maybe they're going to change. Maybe we can convince them, maybe this is good. Maybe we can convince them that they could sell the rights over that building and build someplace else denser. That would be really good. Let's save the Ken Rock building, okay? That's what we got out of the show. Okay. Well, if we did, that's great. So nice to have you on the show. Thank you. I hope I did something reasonable in light of the way Martin the Spang usually runs this. But I certainly appreciated your input and conversation and your knowledge about historic property. And thank you for keeping me company here. Aloha. Aloha. Omedito. There we go. Yeah. She's, I want to say Xi Jinping. No, happy new year in Chinese as well. Okay. I don't know how to say that. Xin yin kuai lu. Okay.


Thank you. Hi everybody! My name is James Peale, I am product manager for Opsvue, which really translates into me being a project lead for the Opsvue Software project. I thought I'd start at least throwing one out of time at the end. What I'm going to do after this presentation is so I wonder off to the bar behind the main Johnson train theatre. Yn amser ond, nid yw'n gallu cwestiynau, ddim i'n gwaith, yw'n gweithio ar y bar i ddod 5-5.30, ddim yn ddim yn ddefnyddio. Yn amser'n gweithio, rydyn ni'n gweithio ar y cwestiynau. Rwy'n cael ei gydag i'r ffild y gallwn arlasau, ar y cyllid hynny, rwy'n gweithio ar y cwestiynau, wedi tyfn i'n gwylliant. Sa'n ddweud, mae'n gweithio. Yn amser y gallwn yn gweithio ar y cwestiynau. Rwy'n gweithio ar y cyllid hynny. dyna'r gwahanol i'w ddigonol heddiw i'n meddwl. Mae'n meddwl i'r gwaith yn meddwl, ond dyna'r idea wedi bod y brosiect yn gyflwyno'n meddwl a'r gwahanol i'r meddwl. I wna'r gwahanol i'r meddwl, byddwch chi'n gweithio bod yn cyfnod o'ch gweithio i'r ffordd o'r hyn o'r gweithio a'r mewn gwahanol i'r meddwl, i'w ddweud i'r gwahanol i'r gwahanol i'r ffordd o'r dyfodd o'r meddwl. Opsu sy'n meddwl o'r cynhyrchu yma, dwi'n meddwl y bydd yn y cyfrif, i'r cyfrifau a'i cyfrifau a'r systef yn y cyfrifau ar y sylwg, ac mae'n meddwl o'r cyfrifau a'r cyfrifau a'r cyfrifau, mae'n meddwl o'r cyfrifau a'r cyfrifau a'r cyfrifau a'r cyfrifau. Fel cwmhaenuits oherwydd, y bod yn iawn y gwahod rhagorau adegai gyda erioeddol y rhagorau adegai, yn myfyrwyr ef amddangas yn unig iawn ychydig ar gyfer hynny maelod rhagorau adegai a'r cyfrannu. Fy llyn nhw'n myfyrwyr ein bobl yw'r newydd yn ychydig ar gyfer rhagorau adegai, a'r gwahod rhagorau ar gyfer hynny yn dwi wneud. Felly, yr rhagorau adegai yn ychydig ar gyfer rhagorau ac mae'n ddweud eich gwahod rhagorau adegai. We've integrated many open source components, and as you see at the bottom, Opsu is completely open source, so partly what Opsu does is brings together a number of other open source components all under one umbrella. Opsu is designed for simplifying the task of managing your monitoring system. The software is commercially backed by Opsura, so Opsura basically pays for the developer's time and effectively the main sponsor of the project, and as I said, completely open source. So what features does Opsu have? Firstly, as I said, it has a web-based tool for configuring and managing Opsu, so obviously I accept that maybe one in this room I'm sure is quite capable of manipulating the configuration files that Nagios uses, and Opsu isn't designed to sort of dumb down that process, really the reason for having this web-based framework is to make it more efficient and allow you to manage very large systems so it scales up. Just grab a sip of water, and it just really is there to make your job more efficient, rather than sort of saying, well, you're not capable of handling these config files, we're going to give you a web UI, so it's not about dumbing down at all. Another key feature is Opsu has distributed monitoring, so basically that allows you to monitor very large networks, maybe across multiple locations, so you can have your master server in one location, and then you can have slave servers in every single data centre, you can have clusters of slave servers, so those slaves can obviously monitor large numbers of devices in each location, and we have some very large systems being monitored by Opsu, and that's all managed from the central monitoring server, so you have a central view on what's going on, and you have a central place to manage everything. We have SNMP discovery and polling, so SNMP being the most widely used protocol for monitoring and managing network devices, so in Opsu we will do a certain amount of discovery, and we'll poll network devices, pull information out of them. We also have SNMP trap processing, so this is when the network devices are sending out information, pushing the information to the monitoring system, and we'll take those traps, aggregate them, and based on a set of rules decide what to do with them, so we'll look at what the trap says and then go right, well, actually for this we want to raise a warning alert and send that out to the network admins. We also have graffing of performance and trend data in Opsu, so you can kind of see over time what the utilisation is of your storage network, you can see what CPU load is over time, and we have a long term storage database with the data warehouse, which you can use to do some analysis and generate reports from. And as well as the web UI, we also have an API, or several APIs, one for configuration, we have an API for notification, we have Nagios's API for generating alerts, so the point about that is that you can actually automate the task of managing your monitoring system, it isn't just about using the web user interface, you can use the API to, you can script against the API to actually generate all the objects and fire that, which is very good when you've got sort of built environments or using virtualisation, you can hook it all into the same set of scripts. So why Opsu, or perhaps more accurately, why should you be interested in Opsu? As I said, it's scalable, it's very flexible, partly because it's open source and partly to do the way we've designed it. We like to hope it's easy to maintain, that's one of the main design considerations. It's mature, and I'll come on to the history in a minute, and it's Nagios compatible, so in one sense we're sort of benefiting from the fact Nagios is widely used and widely understood, but also we try and contribute back where we can, so we contribute a lot of patches upstream and a lot of modifications, many of which get incorporated into Nagios 3, for example. So in terms of what's in Opsu, Opsu's mainly developed in Perl, so we have a lot of Perl and CPAN modules. We use catalyst, which is a web framework, so the application is written in catalyst, and MySQL is a database setting underneath it. In fact we have four separate databases that comprise the Opsu system, one containing the configuration, one containing the current status information, have a data warehouse and a reporting database. We bring together Nagios and a bunch of associated Nagios tools or projects, so Nagios has its own ecosystem of projects, so we integrate a bunch of those together under the Opsu umbrella, and also bringing NetSNMP, MRTG and NMIS, and that's an order complete list, that's just some of the more significant components. So a bit of history and another sip of water. The project was started in 2003 and really it came out of working with Nagios and doing some projects around it and thinking well, or in fact the people we were doing the project for were saying Nagios is great but it'd be excellent if it could do these extra things and maybe it'd be nice to have a web URI to actually configure and manage the system. So that's what really started the Opsu project and it really was initially just a bunch of bolt-ons to Nagios, but then quite soon it became more than just a bunch of bolt-ons and a more integrated framework for allowing us to manage the configuration and pull together all these underlying components in a coherent system.  So version one was released in 2004 and I'm still heavily involved in the development then. And then Tom Voon joined in 2005 and his first release was 1.5 and Tom is also the development lead for the plugins project, Nagios plugins project, so he's heavily involved in Nagios through that as well as Opsu, he has several roles. And then Tom sort of took on majority of development work into Opsu version two which was released in 2006. And since 2006 until the end of last year really we were continuing to develop Opsu version two, so 214.3 is the latest release of the two zero stream or two stream. And then towards the end of last year, actually in August in fact, we were out in San Francisco at Linux World and we won the award for best systems management tool out there which was great. And we're up against some of the other open source system management tools, so that kind of was pleasing for us I think and we weren't expecting it, so that was a good experience. And then from the recently about three days ago in fact we released Opsu version three, so that is just released. And that's so exciting for us and a good step forward and provides a nice sort of set of foundations for developing more functionality within Opsu three as we move forward. And I'll come on to that in a bit later. So this sort of touching on the commercial aspect of what we do and this isn't meant to the sales pitch, it's just sort of just to give you a bit of insight into how we work really. So Opsu sits within a commercial framework, it's part of a, there's a commercial company sitting on top of it, like there is in many open source projects now. And the company makes this money out of services, again, not an unusual model. And the core development team work at Opsuera. So basically Opsuera is sponsoring the development of Opsu and making money out of sort of providing services around Opsu, support being the most obvious one and training and implementation and so on. And we also get a lot of functionality within Opsu sponsored by users and customers. So probably 70% or so of the functionality within Opsu has been sponsored by customers, which is kind of quite a nice way of funding the project. And then the rest of the infrastructure and time is sponsored by Opsuera. We have an active community of users and that sort of seems to be growing and there's definitely some very active users. We've got several hundred people on the mailing list and I know we've got sort of hundreds of systems out there. I can't say we've got thousands but it's certainly in the hundreds the number that we do have and we have a number of customers. So I suppose the significance of that is that we're actively getting involved in these systems and we learn from working with customers and that goes back into the development. So what's in Opsu version three? The main chain is based on Magios three. We've got a new performance graffing framework within Opsu three so that makes it easier to get the performance graffing information out using RRDs and also stored in a better format. We've improved the data warehouse. We've made improvements to performance, including faster reloads, especially on very large systems. So doing the reload cycle is 10% quicker and we expect further improvements there. We've integrated Magvis which is another popular part of the Magios ecosystem and that's a nice tool for visualising sort of status information. We've included better out-of-the-box configuration so when you set the system up there's a better configuration set off with and made lots of minor improvements. In terms of the future, for Opsu version three we've developed a much more formal process for putting a roadmap in place. So we've got a roadmap covering the next 12 months and we know pretty much what we're going to develop within Opsu and I'll come on to that if I've got some time afterwards at the end of this. We have a larger core development team so there's more people working on the software and I expect that to get bigger as well. We've been improving our test infrastructure which is always kind of a challenge so you develop the code and then need to make sure you're testing it properly before you do releases. So we've improved it already for version three and we expect it to improve further. There'll be more add-ons as well so we already have add-ons like SMS gateways and helpless integration tools and some reporting tools and we expect those to get more developed over the next year as well. To find out more, so we have the Opsu.org website, we have a download site with all the packages and there's a VMware demo VM for you to download which basically you can boot up and has a working Opsu system in there. And we have our IRC channel and if you go to Opsu.org there's plenty of other places you can find information such as a documentation site and mailing this and so on. In terms of the roadmap which I haven't put on the slide because it's not quite sort of pinned down yet but just to give you a bit of insight of what we have on there at the moment. There are plans to redesign the user interface really in terms of sort of look and feel. I think it's functional at the moment but not terribly pretty so I think the plan is to make it look more appealing but obviously not take away from the usability and hopefully improve that in fact. We have plans to include multilingual support within Opsu at the moment. There isn't a framework for doing that but the plan is to put the framework in place and then we can start doing translations into other languages other than English. We want to have developed some more event-based views. At the moment, monitoring views are very much oriented around status what's happening now. Plan is to have event views, maybe what happened in the last six hours, what is the sort of correlation between all these events. We plan to have the ability to also start creating your own custom views built on the new graffing framework and the events views and the status views so you can actually create your own views. Better integration with an open source reporting framework. I think that's an area that we need to do some work on so we won't develop our own framework. We'll use one of the open source ones and provide better integration, probably some templates. We want to improve out-of-the-box support for cluster monitoring. Again, it takes a little bit of work to monitor clusters so HA, sort of Linux clusters or network devices with this sort of active passive setup so better out-of-the-box support for that. Also, we want to extend and improve our contact profiles so you have a bit more flexibility with that. That's some of the things we're looking to do on the roadmap. There's some other functionality that I can't sort of announce at this stage but we will be talking about it before too long. I think I've almost run out of time. There's any quick questions. I'll take them otherwise. I'll see you in the bar behind Janssen. Hi at the back. We're using NSCA with a whole load of our own code. It's a simple answer to that. There's two-way communication to the slave and we push the configuration out to the slave. The slave doesn't monitoring. I've run out of time but I'll have a chat later. Thank you everybody.


There he is, Mr. Jojo Bars himself. I don't know, so it is my birthday, guys. John's got this cabin. He invited me out to come hang out and do a little dangling. I said, sure, man, I'll get the silver bullet. Come on out. Fishing is tough right now. But this lake is, I've just always had good luck in it. I like it. I like it for multiple species too, not just bass. So I'm putting the boat in the water, and I already saw a few bass cruising. You know, water's probably about 90 degrees right here where I am, but lots of bluegill, and in fact, beds. Bluegill beds, if you can believe it, right here in August. And not just little ones. I'm talking magnums. So I'm going to try a little bluegill fishing. I've got the Gold Series Micro Rod. So these are made for pan fish. I've also got the 1,000 size spinning reels. Been using these for crappie. With the amount of bluegill that I'm seeing up shallow, there's always going to be bass in the summertime hanging around those areas. And marinas, docks are great places for that to happen. Giving her a hot, steamy dangle today, guys. We're just going to see what is living around here. Now something fun that I like throwing just to catch anything is this little saucy. Just swimming it around, it catches everything. Catch the bass on it, catch bluegill, crappie, whatever. Since we have so many of these beds up here, I'm just going to kind of swim this around, see what happens. See if we can get one of these big tank gills. Ooh, little one just tried to smack it. Get out my summertime friend here. Now the top water that's stuck to this rod. Oh, everything is baking. So freaking hot. Got bluegill stolen right there. There we go. I don't know what this is. Big bluegill. Oh my gosh. That is a magnum, man. That's definitely my PB for the year. Look at that. Just glued in the nose with that saucy. That is crazy. All right, we'll let you go. I was confused. I know it wasn't a crappie, but it didn't feel like a bass. Just big old, tasty bluegills. I'll catch those all day. Getting popped. Tearing me up, man. Now you're good at doing that. Probably need to do a better job of letting me eat it. Used to those crappie thumps. You can see some of these things coming up, the surface, and they're just huge. Oh my God, look at this one right here. Oh, God. I'm literally stuck, but I'm looking at one that's a chief. It's a chieftain. Oh, goodness. God, these are giants. I mean giants. Holy cow. Oh my gosh, bluegill, y'all. Running. Oh my gosh, this micro rod's perfect, too. Look at the absolute behemoth size of these. Holy tater tots. I just want you all to look at that size. My gosh, that is freaking massive.  Go get bigger, darling. Geez. Wow, I let that one sink down a little bit. I mean, you could tell who can those little fish with this rod, it's a lot of fun. All right, I'm going to try this chartreuse in black. I've done well with this color just in general. Bluegills seem to like pink a lot, too. Got some straight pink ones I might try, but I'm not even catching the fish that I thought I was going to. I thought I was going to catch these ones that are on beds, but I threw over there and they were not attacking like I was hoping, so I'm just swimming these docks. There's one. Oh my gosh, another big bite. Just didn't let him take it. Probably took my tail.   But God, that little tail kicking, that just seems to get him going. It's like every cast I'm getting some sort of nibble. I've just got a bite right there, just tapping it. You know, my last technical Tuesday video was talking about this line that I'm using. You know, this is a 12-pound braid right here in that yellow color.  I can, a lot of times, feel it in my rod, but I like it when I can see it happening. It took the whole plastic. Ripped it up and then took it off the hook completely.  Let's see how feminine they want to be here. Kept those big themes. Oh, first cast, absolutely. It's a lot to get in their mouth though. It's essentially like a grub. Just letting it sink. Come here. Not quite as big. It's still a giant. The males will get that real red color on the chest. The females have more of these just bars. They're kind of duller colored. Still really nice fish. One on the pink. Oh, there's plastics right here. I can fish. I can probably catch 15 crappie on one of these. Little bluegill. Nope, they're voracious. Little tiny banditos. Things as cute as a little spotted pup. Cute as a spotted pup.   Boy, howdy. Yep. Actually, I think I saw that one on the scope moving towards my bait. Look at this fight. Magnums. This might be the size right here. He dials them in. Oh my gosh. Hammers. Hammers, y'all. That is a big old male. Male jaw.  I mean, goodness. That is awesome. It's not just one. There's a bunch. Holy cow. This might be the deal here, this size. I've actually fished a lot on my birthday. Going back many years. It's kind of like a pastime. Oh, God, that one felt big. That one felt big. Picked up on the drop. What I used to do anyway when I was younger is I would night fish. And I caught my first smallmouth on my birthday 20 years ago at night on Lake Texoma. So we're going to do a little bit of fishing here tonight in honor of that. Goodness gracious. Sitting on the bottom, they're huge. Saw him on the bottom. Absolute giant. Holy cow. Best bluegill fights I've ever had, guys. This is a questionable boat flipper. I'm not even kidding. Oh, my gosh. Look at this thing. Holy cow. This could be my biggest bluegill ever. That is a wide-bodied mammur jammer. Holy cow. This is one reason I really like purple fleck and a lot of my bass plastics. It's because of that right there. A lot of bluegill have that just dull little hazy purple on them. I'm going to throw this one in the well. That one's worth a pick. Oh, my gosh. My GoPro actually just says it overheated. So I had to switch up cameras here. Mm-mm-mm-mm. That's got to be a bass. And he's got me caught. This is a big bass. Don't do it. He's going to come up on that other side a bit. He's going to do his best to get me into something nasty. Maybe this is a big old catfish. Are there? Okay. That might be what we got. Oh, my gosh. Big old slimy one. Oh, my gosh. It gave me a run for my money. Don't take my net. Man, I'm about to filet this one. Let this fish go. It's not going to get you. My daughter, she's afraid of squids in the lake. I just think they're squids. So finding Nemo got to her. I just saw the numbers of gills that are coming over there to eat the bread that that little girl's feeding them. They're all that big. They're huge. I was honestly expecting to get a bass right there because I threw in that little saucy and just put a fresh one on him that was a little bigger and just thinking I might get like a real magnum bluegill and got bit and went for an incredible ride on a spinning setup. That was so much fun, but it turned out to be a big old catfish. And I have to tip my hat a little bit because that catfish was taking me into the cross member trying to go up under the dock into the cables and had to do a lot of steering there, a lot of angling. So I was able to get that thing back under the boat, position the boat over right on top of the fish where it couldn't go to either one too far and correctly play the drag with 10 pound test leader. Don't want to tooth the horn too hard, but got to give it a little beep every once in a while. Okay, everybody's leaving to go wakeboarding it looks like. So these swarm of fish is back and open for me to fish.  I'm just reeling it until, oh gosh, oh my. I mean bluegill. Not bass, that's crazy. Absolutely smoking it. Oh, this is gone. This is completely gone. Do you think that one wanted it? I don't even know what my PB is, but I'm probably just breaking it like multiple times right now. Just another bite. That one's got it. This little one, just, you know, just like an eight-incher. Just like an eight-inch, nine-inch crappie, no big deal. Just getting throttled. I think it's bread. It's working on this reel too. Oh, he's literally spitting up bread. Oh yeah, in the juice. Just getting bing-bonged. Oh my. Get over here. Where are you going? Where are you going, Pigeon? What a fight, y'all. I mean, honestly, this is what makes it fun is fishing it on light gear. Giant. I can't imagine catching these like on a cane pole. I think I'm having more fun doing this than I would out there sweating, fishing on a ledge or something for some bass, but it's all relative. I mean, the tug is the drug. No matter what it is, it's really about, you know, how you're catching them, what kind of line, rod. These things are pulling drag, bending the rod over. It's never a bad time. I'm getting shy on me. God, you're big. God. Wearing me out. Wearing me out on this, this light rod is a big one. Oh God, giant. Oh yeah, giant. Oh my God, look at the magnum. Look at this rod, guys. It is about to break the freaking rod.  This thing looks like a cartoon character. Look at this. Are you kidding me? I could not have timed this any better. Yeah, I saw on the live script. I was like, why is there so many just stacked right there and then this little girl comes over feeding them bread. I think they had a giant, they had an entire loaf in seconds. I was like, oh, okay. That's why there's a lot of fish right there. Try a little chartreuse black to see if we get something crazy. Sure, by now they're getting getting used to it a little bit. Get on down there. Giant, giant. My God. Down the hatch. These look like tilapia. They're so huge. See ya. Everyone loves a good little rigging shot here. Just threading the swim baits for destruction. Here we go. Let's feed the trolls under here. The trolls under the bridge. Slow retrieve. One more, give me the tap. That's a little one. That's... Normally I'd be screaming and saying, it's a giant. It's a giant bluegill. Look at that. But this is by far the best bluegill fishing I've ever had. You know, as a kid I would go bluegill fishing. I had like a telescopic cane pole that my dad gave me and it was such a good fight. I'd use these little worms. It came in a little styrofoam cup. My dad would put me in the back of his terry bass boat and I'd just dangle that thing just have a good time with it. Get the occasional different species that would really tug. But oh my gosh this just reminds me of that. Oh man. You guys can't tell I'm having a good time with my birthday. I'm going to end on that one because it's such a giant. I could sit here and probably catch a hundred of these. But don't want to wear out a good thing too bad. Stud. They're all studs. As sweet as the old green fish. Oh. Thank you for that. Thank you for the tug. Well happy birthday to me because I just smacked the biggest bluegill that I've ever caught. Had the best bluegill fishing experience I've ever had. And it happened in about an hour. It was an hour of whacking up guys. Especially fun on using the light tackle. I know many of you have asked about the crappie stuff. What is the crappie stuff coming? Most likely it's going to be in the spring of 2023. We got a lot of stuff coming in 2023. But all the plastics are I'm really proud of them. And I think you guys are going to slay not just crappie but a lot of other pan fish as well. I've kept an ultralight in my rod arsenal since I was a kid essentially going back to a cane pole. It's just really fun especially when you get in a situation like that where you can't really throw baits really small that are like on a bass spinning rod. You really need an ultralight and it's just nice to be able to skip those things. Then obviously the fight. The fight's a really good time. And I'm going to kind of giant catfish on this thing today. It was just really fun. So go ahead and smash the like button guys. And go smash some summer bluegills man. I mean these things were on beds still. Totally shocking. So now I think I'm going to move on to little bass fishing. See what kind of bass fishing there is out here. But I'm going to tell you what, if I don't get a bass bite I'm going back to that dock. Don't forget to tell me happy birthday in the comments. Not because I want to hear happy birthday just to get the algorithm boost and get that baby revved up. And I just want to thank you guys for being here. I get to remember it but I get to share it with all you guys too. So it's really fun. So special times man. Love it on the water. Love the great outdoors. I will see you guys on the next one.


a very good evening aspirants welcome to the hindu newspaper analysis brought you by shankar ias academy for the date 28th of june 2022 displayed here are the list of news articles that i have chosen for today's discussion see each and every topic here is covered based on mains as well as problems and note that all these topics are covering various aspects of your mains examination like discovering gs paper 2 gs paper 3 and also the topics are covered based on prilam's perspective okay so without wasting much time now let's begin our discussion look at this text and context article it talks about the history of the sterilized copper plant in tutukudi in the state of tamaladu the article explains why the local communities oppose the functioning of the copper plant in tutukurin in this context let's discuss some of the important points about the sterilized copper plant and the impact of its closure see the sterilized copper is a copper smelting unit and it is a subsidiary of the vedanta group sterilized produces non-ferrous metals like copper aluminium and zinc along with this it also produces some chemicals such as sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid on june 20 the vedanta group put an advertisement which said that sterilized copper at tutukudi is up for sale the vedanta in conjunction with access capital desired to sell its copper plant along with its sulfuric acid plant and copper refinery among others see this note raised the eyebrows of the local people industries then politicians and environmentalists who have been constantly tracking them so now comes the question why the company desired to sell its sterilized copper plant this is because the sterilized copper has been incurring a loss of five crore per day since the plant was sealed in 2018 by the tamaladu government the company officials indicated that even if the supreme court allowed them to reopen the company it would need around eight hundred two thousand crore to revamp the plant so why was the plant closed now let's discuss its history see starlight operated the largest copper smelter plant in india in tutukudi from the year 1998 to 2018 the first blow for the company came from the fishermen in the region the fishermen backed by the marumalachi dravidam unnetra karagam a political party in tamaladu were worried that the effluence discharged from the plant would pollute the sea which will in turn ruin their livelihoods the second blow came in the year 2010 where the madras high court ordered immediate closure of the plant for not complying with environmental knobs see the supreme court later stayed the high court's order the company got into troubled waters again in the year 2013 after a sulphur dioxide leak but the supreme court allowed them to function after the payment of a fine of rupees hundred crore for polluting land and water by running the company without approval for a considerable period of time then in the year 2018 after the company announced that it would be enhancing its capacity large-scale protests from local and neighboring localities broke out on May 22 the protest turned violent and the police open fired which led to the death of 13 civilians a week later the tamaladu government sealed the plant so this is the history of this plant okay now what is the argument by the company regarding the allegations the company have always emphasized the fact that the plant is equipped with full-fledged air pollution control measures and adequate solid waste management facilities in the last four years the senior management has stressed that the plant follows zero liquid discharge since inception so that all the effluent is treated and recycled back into operation resulting in no effluent discharge see they also said that the regulator who is the tamaladu pollution control board carries out regular monthly sampling across all village bore wells and has found no abnormalities so this is what the company is arguing against all the allegations filed against it okay now let's discuss about the impact that the closure of the plant has created since the shutdown of the tuthukrin plant india has shifted from being a large net exporter of refined copper to now being a net importer of copper india is now importing copper at a historically higher price which is close to around 9600 us dollars per ton which is around 50 percentage higher as compared to the average prices of copper when india was net exporter of the same then it was around 6500 us dollars per ton only okay but now what is the rate it is 9600 us dollars per ton also know that sterlite was a major domestic supplier of phosphoric acid its capacity was about 220,000 metric tons which is a key raw material for fertilizer manufacturing companies okay see these fertilizer units were impacted due to stoppage of supplies and had to start importing so the main impact that the closure of the plant has created is it has increased the import of copper for the country okay so having seen all the issues and the allegations and the arguments that the company has made now let's see what is to be done see in a socioeconomic context a tradeoff is an inevitable necessity in the debate between development and environment here the word tradeoff means a balance achieved between two desirable but incompatible features that is more or less it is like a compromise okay see with the population of over 130 crore the issue of development cannot be wished away so this calls for a responsible political leadership it also needs professionalism from assorted government agencies like the pollution control board so the two major needs will be one will be responsible political leadership and the other one will be professionalism in government agencies like pollution control board so that's all about this news article in this news article we discussed about the Sterlite copper plant which is a hot topic for a while see don't just narrow down your thoughts with the Sterlite copper plant in Tuthukudi alone see take any plant or any industrial unit which is causing some harm to the environment when a question and means comes like this when a debate arises between development and environment no to match or no to balance your answer because both development and environmental concern are to be addressed at the same time okay so when we discussed about the Sterlite copper plant itself we discussed what are all the allegations filed against the company and we also saw the arguments that the company is making against all these allegations so make sure you always give a balanced answer in minds okay so this is how your discussion should be when a question is based on development and environmental basis okay so with these key points in mind now let's move on to the next news article discussion have a look at this OPET article see this article talks about India UAE relations now why we are suddenly talking about India UAE relations this is because our Prime Minister Narendra Modi is attending two summits this week firstly he is a special invitee at the 48th G7 summit at Germany see regarding this G7 summit we had a clear discussion yesterday so just have a look at it okay after that he has a bilateral summit in Abu Dhabi with the UAE President on June 28 see the author of this article considers the second event as most significant that is the visit of Prime Minister Narendra Modi and the UAE President is considered as the most significant we'll see why so this is the crux of the news article given here in this context let us quickly go through some of the important points mentioned in this news article and thereby we will come to know about the India UAE relations in detail okay before that the syllabus relevant to this news article is given here for your reference just go through it now let's start our discussion see India and United Arab Emirates or UAE enjoy strong bonds of friendship based on age-old cultural religious and economic ties between the two nations the relationship flourished after the accession of Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan as the ruler of Abu Dhabi in 1966 and subsequently with the creation of the UAE federation in the year 1971 since then both sides have made sincere efforts to improve relations in all the fields now talking about political relations see India UAE bilateral relations have received impetus from time to time with exchange of high-level visits from both sides the historic visit of Prime Minister of India to the UAE on 16th and 17th of August 2015 marked the beginning of a new and comprehensive and strategic partnership okay in the joint statement issued after the visit both leaders agreed to work together not only to consolidate achievements in the existing domains but also to explore newer areas of cooperation see Sheikh Mohammed bin who is a crown prince of Abu Dhabi and deputy supreme commander of UAE armed forces visited India from February 10 to 12 in the year 2016 this is a state visit okay see he had wide-ranging discussion on bilateral regional and multilateral issues of mutual interest and reached a broad consensus not only this they also signed MOUs and agreements pertaining to facilitation of institutional investors in infrastructure then cooperation in renewable energy then cooperation in combating cyber crimes then cultural exchange then in space skill development insurance and currency swaps in all these forums they had signed MOUs or agreements okay so our prime minister's visit is considered significant because this would be his fourth visit to Abu Dhabi and sixth summit with Sheikh Mohammed this I'm saying over the past seven years okay this visit will re-energize not only historic but a long dormant relationship okay the visits have plenty to show from Emirati investments in Jammu and Kashmir to a CAPA so in that way after the COVID-19 induced three-year hatters Modi Sheikh Mohammed's summit is desirable to infuse a fresh momentum okay now talking about economic ties see significant changes in the bilateral regional and global context have taken place since the two leaders last met in august 2019 both countries know have successfully contained the COVID-19 pandemic and can pull their experiences in the summit then their bilateral trade grew by 68 percentage in the year 2021 to 2022 to 72.9 billion which is a new record while both exports and imports grew the trade deficit reached 16.8 billion US dollar this is also a new record trade is likely to increase considerably more in the year 2022 to 2023 this is as a result of the India UAE CEPA which is comprehensive economic partnership agreement also the corrective mechanism included in CEPA would stop the deficit from getting out of control so here what does this term CEPA means see CEPA is nothing but a free trade agreement between the two countries it is a type of trade agreement that covers services and investments and other areas of economic partnership okay so it is more comprehensive than free trade agreements why because it may even cover areas such as trade facilitation and customs cooperation competition and intellectual property rights remember this comprehensive economic partnership agreement or CEPA also looks into the regulatory side of trade and it includes an agreement that covers these problems so far India has signed CEPAs with South Korea and Japan India signed a CEPA with UAE on the date 18th of February 2022 this is during the India UAE virtual summit okay see the agreement came into force on 1st May 2022 the agreement is a comprehensive agreement which will cover the sectors mentioned in the table given here what are those trade in goods rules of origin then trade in services technical barriers to trade sanitary and phytosanitary measures then dispute settlement movement of natural persons then telecom then custom procedures then we have pharmaceutical products government procurement and lastly intellectual property rights investment digital trade and cooperation in other areas so what are the benefits associated with this comprehensive economic partnership agreement for India see considering trade in goods India will benefit from preferential market access provided by the UAE especially for all labour intensive sectors okay such as gems and jewellery textiles leather food waste sports goods plastic furniture agricultural and wood products then engineering products medical devices and automobiles okay so in all these labour intensive sectors there will be preferential market access talking about trade and services between the two both India and UAE have offered each other market access to the broad service sectors who are they for example you can say business services communication services construction and related engineering services then distribution services educational services environmental services financial services and not only this we also have health related and social services tourism and travel related services then recreational cultural and sporting services and then we have transport services and finally considering trade in pharmaceuticals both sides have agreed to a separate annex on pharmaceuticals this is to facilitate access to Indian pharmaceutical products especially automatic registration and marketing authorization in 90 days for products meeting specified criteria okay and the point you must note here is that according to the author through the CEPA India which is the world's fastest growing major economy could be a lucrative market for investments in areas such as petrochemicals pharmaceuticals renewables infrastructure manufacturing logistics startups etc etc this is true because the United Arab Emirates or UAE is one among the countries which collects petrodollars petrodollars are US dollars paid to an oil exporting country okay petrodollars are the primary source of revenue for many OPEC members and other oil exporters okay apart from this the two sides can collaborate for the eventual reconstruction of the war waged regional countries such as Yemen Syria Somalia Iraq Libya and Afghanistan in the bilateral political domino the two sides have cooperated efficiently on security and anti-terrorism but they need to do more to fight money laundering and the flow of illicit narcotics okay so to conclude considering all these the India UAE submit is timely and most appropriate and has potential to have an influence that goes beyond the bilateral relationship okay so that's all about this news article see in this news article we have covered a wide range of the India UAE relationship okay so any question that is regarding the India UAE relationship can be handled just with this discussion itself and note that this is a very hot topic regarding the bilateral relationship or it is also a hot topic in the GS paper okay in mains perspective all these points can be straight away utilized to enrich your answer so these key points in mind let's move on to the next news article discussion now have a look at this snippet article it is from the archives column it mentions an important event that happened 50 years ago on this same day the event mentioned is the opposition registered by the member of parliaments against the Vancho committee's recommendation for unearthing black money one of the recommendations was demonetization of currency so now let us see what is demonetization see demonetization means depriving the currency or banknotes of their legal tender status legal tender means those currencies cannot be refused by any citizen of the country for settlement of any kind of transaction but with demonetization the currencies that were demonetized lose their legal tender status that is they cannot be used in India in any kind of transaction anymore now in place of these currencies new notes with same or with different denominations are introduced in India demonetization has been carried out three times first in the year 1946 second in the year 1978 and the third one was the recent how can we forget it it happened in yes it happened in the year 2016 the objectives behind 1978 and 2016 demonetizations revolved around the same aim of tackling the issue of black money if we take the 1978 demonetization it was based on the recommendations of 1970 Vancho committee's interim report see this committee was headed by former chief justice k and Vancho it recommended demonetization of the rupees 10 rupees 100 and higher denominations notes to combat the scourge of black money these denominations were chosen as they accounted for 86.6 percentage of then money stock understood so let us come to 2016 demonetization when did it happen yes it happened in November 2016 its aim was fourfold first it was to tackle the problem of corruption second tackling the black money third was countering terrorism and lastly tackling the circulation of fake or counterfeit currency in the economy so in this demonetization old currency notes of rupees 500 and rupees 1000 were no longer legal tender this made 86 percentage of money in circulation invalid instead of these new currency notes in the denomination of rupees 500 and rupees 2000 were launched as a part of this public were advised to deposit old currency notes in their bank account so coming to the climax now what was impact of this demonetization first it led to cash crunch that is shortage of currency in circulation and it resulted in long queues outside banks and ATM booths now this cash crunch adversely impacted economic activities so these were the negative impacts but according to the government the move also had positive impacts it is said that with the time tax compliance improved as large number of people were brought in the tax ambit it also held in channelizing the savings of an individual into the formal financial system this resulted in more resources available with the banks and this was used to provide more loans at the lower interest rates another major positive impact that we all could agree was less cash or cash light economy see demonetization shifted transactions out of the cash economy into the formal payment system this also resulted into a shift from cash transactions to electronic payment technologies am i right so that's all about this news article see in this news article we saw about what is demonetization and number 2016 is not the first time india is undergoing demonetization it is the third time and we saw that the reason for demonetizing in the year 1978 and 2016 was more or less a similar thing and then we saw about the fourfold necessity for demonetizing in the year 2016 and we saw about the negative as well as the positive impact that this demonetization that was made in the year number 2016 so friends this demonetization is always a hot running topic see always remember you have to stay balanced while you're writing your main census so when it is asked like discuss about demonetization you have to quote both positive impacts as well as negative impacts so you can utilize these points that we discussed now to enrich your main census with these key points in mind now let's move on to the next news article discussion now have a look at this news article the news mentions that a zoo in tamiladu is housing dole puppies which are nothing but the asiatic wild dogs it is known by the names indian wild dog and red dog also the name the name dole dole is a habitat generalist so it can occur in a wide variety of vegetation types like tropical dry and moist deciduous forest evergreen and semi evergreen forest temporary deciduous forest alpine stoppies etc etc an important feature to note is dole is one of three canid species with specialized dental adaptations this is for an exclusively carnivorous diet okay so it is hyper carnivory and consumes prey species ranging from small rodents and heads to gore historically doles occurred throughout southern east asia to as far north the southern parts of the russian federation and as far west as the mountains ranging from eastern kasakistan to northern pakistan but now doles have disappeared from more than 75 percent of their historical ranges it is no more found in central and east asia that is in russian federation mongolia kasakistan kirkistan afghanistan tajikistan and us pakistan they disappeared from large areas of central and southern china then from pakistan then republic of korea singapore peninsular and eastern parts of thailet in all these areas they had disappeared now only fewer than 2500 mature individuals are remaining even the remaining populations are fragmented and they still appear to be declining they still occur in india then northeastern and chittagong hill tracks of bangladesh napal china and sumatra and java in indonesia then lavo pdr central and northern forested areas of the malaysian peninsular then in myanma thailand and vietnam in butan and cambodia if you take the populations are recovering if we take india they occur in several regions and india hosts the largest numbers of doles but even here doles have disappeared from 60 percentage of their historic range during the past 100 years now they are found in the western guards central indian forest eastern guards northeastern states their i-region in northern india etc etc they are also suspected to exist in sikkim and ladak as well see as for now we saw in prelims perspective about doles now taking this species in main's perspective why is its population declining firstly it is due to a decreasing prey base one of the reasons for this is over hunting by humans even within protected areas the second reason is retaliatory killings from livestock predation see as we saw doles are hyper carnivory so they also feed on livestock due to the livestock losses the local started poisoning livestock carcasses in retaliation this was one of the major reasons for population decline in china butan etc the third reason is habitat loss and degradation are also serious threats particularly because this threat is closely associated with prey depletion and high levels of human disturbances here habitat loss is driven by anthropogenic factors like logging palm and rubber plantation agriculture expansion rural biomass extraction the livestock grazing and major infrastructure expansion such as hydropower dams irrigation projects new highways etc etc other than these diseases like outbreak of canine distimper rabbis etc are also resulting in near extirpation of doles then the competition with other species is also cited as a reason for their population decline its main competitors are tigers and leopards so due to these threats and population decline doles are categorized as endangered under the iocn red list they are also listed in the appendix two of these sites and in india doles are protected under schedule two part one of wildlife protection act okay so that's all about this news article see firstly we saw doles influence perspective then we took the discussion further in mains perspective so whenever you have such kind of environmental topic especially when it is relating to some species firstly read about the species know about its habitat then know about its population whether it is declining or increasing whether it is an issue whether it is an issue relating to human existence or what okay and then take the discussion further by knowing the reasons for its decline and if possible add on points so as to address those decline in population okay which is nothing but some conservation measures so these key points in mind now let's move on to the next news article discussion now have a look at this news article this news article states that the world bank has approved a 250 million US dollar loan to support the Indian government this is to support the Indian government's road safety program for seven states see the Indian state support program for road safety will be financed by the world bank and it will be implemented in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttapradish and West Bengal under this program a single accident reporting number will be set up to better manage post crash events so this is the crux of the news article given here in this context let us quickly go through world bank in prelims perspective okay the world bank is an international development organization owned by 180 countries so it is like a cooperative made up of 189 member countries its role is to reduce poverty by lending money to the governments of its poorer members this is to improve their economies and to improve the standard of living of their people okay the bank is also one of the world's largest research center in the development it has specialized departments that use this knowledge to advise countries in areas like health education nutrition finance justice law and the environment currently the world bank has two stated goals that it aims to achieve by 2030 the first is to end extreme poverty by decreasing the number of people living on less than 1.90 US dollar a day to below 3% of the world population okay and the second one is to increase overall prosperity by increasing income growth in the bottom 40 percentage of every country in the world so these two world bank goals has to be achieved by 2030 now talking about its origin the world bank was established in the year 1944 to help rebuild Europe and Japan after world war two its official name was the international bank for reconstruction and development as time passed IBRD that is international bank for reconstruction and development and international development association that is IDA together formed the world bank we will see about IBRD and IDA a minute later remember when it first began operations in the year 1946 it had 38 members today most of the countries in the world are members of the world bank how this world bank is organized see the world bank has created new organizations within itself that specialize in different activities all these organizations together or called the world bank group so it consists of IBRD that is international bank for reconstruction and development this lends to low and middle income countries then comes the international development association that is IDA this lends to low income countries the next one is the international finance corporation it lends to the private sector the fourth one will be multilateral investment guarantee agency this encourages private companies to invest in foreign countries and the last one is the international center for settlement of investment disputes this helps private investors and foreign countries work out differences when they don't agree see here don't confuse yourselves with any names in the beginning the bank was officially called international bank for reconstruction and development that is IBRD later this IBRD and IDA were together called the world bank on the term world bank groups includes five institutions namely IBRD, IDA, IFC, MIGA and ICSID all these we saw just now okay hope you're clear with the concept now next comes the question how decisions in the world bank are taken see as I said already the bank runs like a giant cooperative where its members are shareholders and is operated for the benefit of those using its services the number of shares a country has is based roughly on the size of its economy the United States is the largest single shareholder followed by Japan Germany the United Kingdom and France the rest of the shares are divided among the other member countries okay remember a board of governors represents the banks government shareholders generally these governors are country ministers such as minister of finance or minister of development the governors are the ultimate policymakers in the world bank what about their meeting they meet once a year at the bank's annual meetings at the annual meetings all of the banks and international monetary funds governors decide how best to address global development issues and decide what the world should focus on in the upcoming year this is all to help reduce the poverty in the world so that's all about this news article in this news article we covered about the world bank its history then we saw about the organization under the world bank group see note that in this year itself we got a static question a very static question indeed about the united nations right likewise you can expect a very static question from the various international organizations okay so with these key points in mind now let's move on to the next part of the news article discussion which is the preliminary practice question discussion today we have three prelims questions in that two we will be discussing today and one will be a quiz question for you okay now look at this first question it is a two statement question and it is regarding the demonetization discussion okay see whenever you have two statement type of question you have to go through both the statements before arriving at the answer okay now read the first statement demonetization is this tripping of fiat money status of a currency but retaining its legal tender status see this statement is incorrect what do you mean by demonetization demonetization means removing the legal tender status and note that fiat money has no relevance here what do you mean by fiat money fiat money means it is a government issued money but not backed by a physical commodities such as gold or silver okay for example you take rupee it is a fiat currency of india or you can see it is the official currency of india okay so statement one which says it retains its legal tender status is making the statement incorrect okay now let's move on to the second statement in india demonetization has happened more than once see this statement is absolutely correct if you remember this we saw in our discussion itself right as of now demonetization in india has occurred twice okay so now read the full question the question is demanding for correct statements so your answer here will be option b two only is the correct statement okay now look at the second question the global economic prospect that is GEP report sometime seen in news is released by option a world bank option b international monetary fund or IMF then option c world economic forum then option d none of the above see the correct answer for this question is option a world bank the global economic prospects is a world bank group flagship report and it examines global economic developments and prospects with a special focus on emerging market and developing economies okay note that it is issued twice a year in january and june now let me tell you few other reports that are released by world bank the world development report then global financial development report are some of the other reports that are released by the world bank okay so what is the answer for the second question yes the second question answer is option a world bank okay now look at this question it is a quiz question for you see this is such a easy question if you had keenly observed the discussion you can easily answer this question okay which of the following are the reasons for the decline in population of the species dull four reasons are given and choose the correct code based on that reason okay the answer for this question will be put up in the common section within 24 hours okay having seen the prelims question now let's move on to the mains practice question today we have two mains practice question see go through the question and try to write an answer for each of these question and post your answers in the common section see every day these kind of means questions are given so as to improve your writing skills okay which is very much important for your mains examination and as these questions are relevant to our discussion and it will be very useful for analyzing how far you had observed from all these discussions okay so that's all for today's discussion if you like this video do like share and comment and don't forget to subscribe to the Shankar AIS Academy's YouTube channel thank you for listening


My name is Todd Baxter. I'm Penn State's professor of practice for geospatial intelligence. I'm proposing a MOOC entitled Geospatial Intelligence in Conflict and Crisis. Geospatial intelligence, or GELIN it is called, is primarily a military intelligence discipline concerning imagery and geographic information used to understand and predict human activity on the surface of the earth. While primarily associated with the military, it has broad and important applications in humanitarian, law enforcement, and business. I want to spend a couple of minutes at least expressing a couple examples. First one is the use of geospatial intelligence to determine whether you have to become involved in the confrontation in Kosovo about 1999. The situation is we were a little unclear whether it was ethnic cleansing occurring. However, analysts using imagery determined there were villages that had burnout structures. They found plowed fields. Next to it, those plowed fields ended up being graves. So the imagery and use of geospatial intelligence allowed us to marshal enough evidence for the U.S. to become engaged in Kosovo. Another example is the satellite sentinel project which George Clooney has been very active in. In this case, they're using imagery from a commercial source called Digital Globe. It's constantly monitoring certain areas of Africa, in this case Sudan and South Sudan, looking at troops within the demilitarized zone. Another example most recently is the typhoon that struck the Philippines. Another humanitarian example where imagery is helping to determine the areas that had damage and where best we could supply relief in those areas. So my goal overall is to inspire individuals to use Juance Promise to help society.