How much do you know about this game? Because I haven't even, I haven't even watched people play it. No, me neither. Okay, sick. This is gonna be horrible and it's gonna be hilarious.  It's going to be very, very, very funny. What should I name my character? Um, I don't know what name our world should have. I'm sitting here staring. I don't know if I like that name. I want- My goodness. Yes, yes, I figured it out. The biggest question is why you moved? I moved because I moved. I don't know. Why does anybody move ever? I lived in my place for like three years and then I was like, maybe I'll move. And then I did. Okay.  Are you in game yet? No, but I see it. I'm being brought down on a- on a bird with a little boobles. I understand what you mean now by titty bird. Oh, yeah. Now you got titty bird? Yeah, yeah, yeah. Well, it's more just like a kind of cleavage. I don't know how many titties we got, but there I am.  Just jumping in one spot increases your skill. Wait, it does? Yeah, I just leveled up. Oh my god, it does. I love this game. This is made for me. So you guys feel like cool names or what?  Oh no! No, we can't. Is Chris treating me? Yeah, I just went live. Damn, we can't. I don't want to not capture, you know- Capture the chaos? These poggers moments that we might have, you know? A lot of poggy-woggies. That bird's hot. A little bit, right? It's like a Corviknight. It's like a handsome bird. You go on to like hunting stands real slow, or like real creepy like- Oh yeah, that does very well.  I don't like the way that I walk.  There he is! Look at that beard. Actually, yeah, I got a beard, whatever.  I don't know.  That's what I'm going to go do in a second. Yeah, is it like Minecraft? I don't know. I have no idea. Um, well, I'm going to find out someone's- Oh god, there's a deer. It's too hard. Oh, it's another deer. That's why it was so hard. It's too hard, okay.  Yeah, what about this one? Out of a deer? I don't have any stamina left. I'm punching the shim of this tree. I bring tidings. This bird says it brings tidings. Oh, I don't think it did anything. They found a snack. Consume it to improve your health and stamina. I immediately lost y'all, but oh, there. Oh my gosh. You can't see each other when they're far. I saw anything. Don't worry. Can I go to the sky? Yeah, if you look up in the sky, there's a giant tree and it's way too big. Is it the tree of life, the tree in the sky? Tree of life?  Oh, damn. Oh, sorry. It's- I've had a month off. You have to- Oh, yo, we need wood. We can make axes. I have stone. We need wood. Yeah, I don't know how to get wood. I'm trying to punch the heck out of everything. Nothing's working. Yeah, if you- if you punch the beach. Oh, I got it. I got wood, friends. Oh, what is this thing? What is this thing? What is this weird thing? There's a weird god over here. Oh, I don't like you.     What if he was like a- just like a- a lonely merchant or something? I mean, he was coming for you. True, yeah. He was. I have an axe. Oh my god. No.  There he is. Damn. Oh my god.  I definitely did, yeah. Stone axe. Crap. Stone axe. Hell, yeah. You got a stone axe, Ethan? I have a- Why is it like you're peeing your pants right now?  Correct. I'm going to cut this tree down. Yeah.  We're going to hit big trees now.  All max all the time. Yeah. Why are you shooting at me? I cut the tree, but then the tree went up into the tree and I can't reach the tree anymore.  Well, come over here. You can come and help me grab these logs. But it was my tree. All right. It's okay. I'm fine. I'm fine. I- the tree fell on me. It's okay. It's okay.        Can we res you? Ow, ow, ow. Oh, oh, my God. I almost just died. Dude, what the heck? Oh, God. Here we go. No, I'll revenge you. I'll revenge you. You'll revenge. I feel cold. I feel- I'm dead. Well, well, well, guys. Great stream. That's me, my body. Stop throwing water balloons.   Hold on. I'm sick.  Got him. Please don't die. Please don't die. Guys. I'm going back. I'm going to get my stuff, and then I'm immediately running back to spawn. Click the button. Ow, ow, ow. Because I don't have that much. I just think that's a bad area. Like, I think that's like, when you're geared up, you should go over there, but we're not yet.  Oh, my God. Oh, my God.  I'm dead. But also when you die, apparently you lose a little bit of knowledge. So you lose some levels. That always happens when I die. I lose, like, some knowledge. Yeah. I wake up after I die, and I'm like, dude, what is Y equal? Yeah, Y equals MX plus B. Oh, my God. Yeah, I forgot that. Look at these little guys. These are necks. Look at these little goobers. Ow, ow. I miss Korean barbecue so much. I miss Korean barbecue more than I miss my own family. That's not true. I died. Fuck. Let's start a base. I'm going to start a base on this clearing just because it's easy, I think. Yeah, and we can see actually if people are coming to attack us or not, you know. There's somebody coming to attack us.  What's mouse three? How do I get to mouse three? Mouse? Mouse three is the whoa. Got it. Oh, my God. Look, you can kick. Zack, stop. Zack, stop. You're going to get in trouble. Zack. Uh, we need things, don't we? Okay. There's a man, there's a man. He's just being scary, man. Get out of here. I killed him. I murdered him. I murdered him in the daylight. Okay. Cook and station. You need no rock. That's pretty, that's pretty like, ow. I'm on fire.   I want to make a crude bow. I need leather scraps. Yeah, that's what I was just looking at, too.  Yeah, let's do it. Let's talk about what we need to do. We need to get leather scraps for bow and arrow, which we could be, which would just be sick. And oh, I have leather scraps. We need eight. I have three. Okay. I have three as well. So that's six. How do we get those from the, um, from the animals? Guys, those little, those little men. Oh, is that a bore? Oh, the family bore. Oh, do it. Let's marble. We need their scraps. Sorry. We need the scraps. Oh my God, one shot at the bore.  Destroyed. Oh my God. Yes. That was, I just absolutely ruined that. Fierce.  We're the most dangerous game, dude. And they're not playing the game very well. You know? It was either us or them, honestly. Yeah, to be fair. Your children will be my shoes. Help me kill this deer or someone? It's outside our base.  That would be so good. That would be so good if we could get this guy. I'm going to try and flank him. I'll find a bore and a neck, a really big neck. Flank. Yes. Oh, so close. So close. So close.  It's like looming us for like, like insanely. Oh, you almost had him. I just killed a bore. That's all I got. He's running so far. He's got one star. What does that mean? Like GTA? No, no, no. The cops are after him, but only a little. Chris, are you still following him? Yeah, I'm trying my best. It's down here. Got a deer. I'm going to flank him. I'm going to flank him. Yes. You got a deer? I got a deer, and I'm going to get another one right now. Hell yeah. It's not like I was at a beach. It's so useless, Ethan. Well, I'm trying my best. No, it's just funny because Ash is like, just killed another deer. Got a bore. You and me are just chasing one deer this whole time. I have a deer trophy. I think I have a head and I got three deer hide. Got it. Nice. Where'd the deer go? Oh, here it is. Here it is. Yes. Oh, I didn't have any stamina.  He ran right into me, but I didn't have stamina. Oh, no. Devastating. Oh, there's one. Yeah. Yes. I killed him. It didn't give me anything. Oh, OK. Here we go. I've never seen either. I'm on fire, but I'm getting in bed, so it's OK. Just lay back slowly into bed. Completely ablaze. I have a proposition. I don't know if it's going to be something nice, but I don't think we can really progress too far. Do you want to try to fight that boss that's at spawn? The boss that's at spawn? Yeah, when you talk to the bird at first, he tells you you can spawn like a little like boss at spawn, but you have to just gear up a little bit. Like you can't have no weapons or anything, but there's a boss waiting at spawn for us. That'd be kind of fun. Should we try making like outfits or something? Or who cares? We can do that. I'm down to do that. Ooh, I can make a wood shield. Ooh, a shield would be smart. I'm going to make one right now. Fuck. I might have to use all of those leather straps for a bow, but I just made a shield, so. What'd you do instead? I made a shield. That's not too bad, though. I think we get rocked. I'm going to say maybe not. It's like the tutorial boss, right? We can't get rocked, right? I went to the wrong place. I'm sorry, I'm coming. Is it going to be like really hard or like super easy and almost goofy that we like got all stoked for it? It's going to take one shot. I don't imagine we rest up, prepare all our stuff, march out, two shot down. Trophy hook. Oh, wait, hold on. Missing required item. Wait, I have like a deer trophy.  Oh, there's like drawings of like what we need to hang. Don't we have like deer trophies? The deer trophy, the freaking. Yeah, I have a deer trophy. Oh, I guess we can't do it. Just kidding. He spawned on the map. How do you do it? Oh, he did? Yeah. If you hit this. Oh, is it this? Is it the skull on the map? Oh, no, ether. There is. Yeah. Yeah. Wait, where? He's down south. Whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa, Mr. Pig, you teleported. You can't do that. That's against the laws of science against the word of God.   Oh, it's a bird. Oh, damn, there's a bird. Hey, bud. You found that some places in Forsaken make the correct offer and they will come. Be wary, though. The Forsaken are not easy prey. So craft a wicked weapon. Don your finest armor and eat a hearty meal before engaging them in combat. I've got my big wooden stick. Oh, man. We'll see. We'll see. Offer item. I got it.  Run away, run away. I have only a club, a wooden club. We got this, dude. This is going to be so easy. Got it. Oh, God. It's like from it's like from the movie, The Ritual almost not quite. Really big. He's pretty.   There's random mushrooms on the ground. So get those and it'll get like a little bit.  Move, move, move, try to run back. We can do this. No, we got this. We can do this. Maybe here. We can do it. We can do it. Oh, my God. No, we can do it as I think and we can do this. I'm going to run back. I got to say this is this is great. I can't. No, dude, I got to have help. You're doing good, Chris. I only have a wooden stick. Yeah, the ball is the way to go, honestly. Like close range combat with him is not so spicy. I'm just trying to get back to my body so I can get back in the fight. Oh, my God. My bow broke.  I have one if I can get my stuff back. You can get back.  We got to go close quarters. Dude, I can't.  I can't find it. I know. I'll I'll I'll distract. Oh, yeah, I forgot I have a shield. Maybe late time.  The shield doesn't do anything. Yes. Bows, bows, bows. Oh, the tree fell. I don't have any stamina.  My stamina is down on this bow so fast. No, y'all, we're going to do this.  We're doing it. We're doing it.  Oh, God. I'm shooting him with the bow. He's almost dead. I can't eat more things. You're only doing a great job. I'm just trying to run away so I can heal. Y'all, he's under the way. Yes, we did it. We're doing those actually bleak. That was really fun. Now we get to go place our trophy. Oh, my God. That was high. Okay, wait, no. We have no. That was sick. I don't feel this. Dude, I'm telling you the bow was the way to go. Yeah, the bow was the best.  So we go back to the beginning thing, right? Yeah, I think so. And then throw the the trophy. Damn, the trophy is sick. It's so cool. Oh, it's doing something. Oh, God. Oh, God. What's this? Oh, no. The line. You have to say that every time we do it. Instacrified. That was the birds back.  Hey, bird. Activate power. Just granted the power. Your ability to run and jump is improved. Oh, my God. We waste less stamina running and stuff. Yes. Yes. Oh, uncover their lost treasures and resources. Now it sounds fun. Now we're just getting to the good stuff. Yeah. This means we got to play more. Hell yeah. How to play again.  That's so sick. I'm going to wait for the power of. So is that is that is that our bookend for the day? I think that's a good place to kill that boss. Yeah. Killing that boss is a great, great act. Awesome freaking job.


Mapping in QGIS. Adding data. To add data to your map, click on the layer tab and select Data Source Manager. You can also access this function by clicking the Open Data Source Manager icon in the toolbar. On the left, you will see all the options for the different data formats you can add. Select the tab of your corresponding data format. Under Source, select the browse icon and locate your file. Select Open, Add, click on Close. Your data has now been added. For more information on QGIS, visit the UTM Library QGIS playlist.


Alrighty, I have an update for you guys on amusement insiders and I wanted to release a video on it to describe what we're going to be doing. So today I'm not going to make an in-depth video about a construction tour or any park or coaster or lists and that's because my team and I are going to have a meeting and we're going to discuss the changes that are going to come. This may be a day or two meeting, there's a lot to go over, I have some pretty big goals and aspirations I want to work towards and it's all because of you guys. So as you may know on Instagram and Twitter today, I did a face reveal. I've been working on myself a lot. I'm going to make a video about that separately because you guys have honestly saved my life and changed my life for the better. And I really want to do an appropriate video that introduces me and explains why you guys honestly saved my life. But now getting into it, I want to change how amusement insiders operate. So currently we operate like the original self that we started. We promote every video we make on our Facebook account, on our Twitter account. Every video I make, we self promote and I'm kind of over it. I want to be a more professional amusement kind of channel that is not relying on self promotion so much and relying on the content that I'm producing and growing. So a lot of you know, we're about to hit 11,000 subscribers and our that we're going to hit 15,000, 20,000 by the end of this year. Those are some big numbers. And if you could see my Google Drive right now, I am so far behind on content. I can't keep up anymore. So I need to change how I'm operating. I need to look into my team and how it's working and figure out if I can fix some things and get this content out. I'm currently sitting on a European folder that has like maybe like 10 to 20 videos worth of content that I have not been able to release yet.  So I've been doing a lot of research. My European manager has been helping me out a lot. Thank goodness for him. And yeah, so I'm definitely going to link my Instagram account and my Twitter account down below. I suggest following my Twitter account as my Twitter account is going to be a very personal about me, what I'm doing during the day, what videos are coming, what I'm working on account. So if you're interested in that stuff, go follow my Twitter. Definitely check out my Patreon. We're working on ways to expand the Patreon account as well and make it more personal for those that are following our Patreon. Again, thank you to all of you who have been supporting me on Patreon. You're definitely helping out a lot in terms of growing the channel. And obviously follow us on Instagram as well as we post a lot of our information and news there and then our Facebook account. So the Facebook account and the Twitter account are the two accounts that are going to be under some pretty extreme construction. The channel is going to be upgraded because I want to focus on some better things. So in 2019, you're going to see my face, you're going to see vlogs. The videos are mostly going to incorporate me. We're bringing back the live streams. So we're figuring out a better setup and a more professional setup for the live streams. I want it to be an actual thing that people want to come watch for 30 minutes to an hour, whatever you guys decide you want the live streams to be in terms of length. And yeah, the channel is definitely going to become more European as well. There's definitely a lot of surprises coming for 2019. So I just wanted to inform you guys because I am going to take the next day or two days off figuring out how I'm going to change the channel for the better. I don't want you guys to keep viewing Amusement Insiders as what we started as just a Wonderland Park focusing on Canada's Wonderland updates. We are still going to do Wonderland updates. I live next to the park pretty much, so I'm going to be there for the most part. So you're always going to get Wonderland content.  That's why I subscribe to this. Don't worry, that's not changing. But I also want to let you know that we are going to be focusing on North America and Europe, and I want to better project that. So we do have some trips coming up. We're going to a media day over in the States. I'm sure most of you know where we're heading. And then, yeah, we're going to be most likely hitting up Dollywood. That's that changed last night, by the way, we just figured out as a team, why not hit up Dollywood on Friday next month? But super excited about that. A lot of people are asking for going to do meetups. I will announce that soon. I'm trying to figure out a meetup kind of system. Again, if I'm ever at a park and you see me wandering around, definitely come up and hang out with me. If you want to hang out with me for the entire time I'm at the park, feel free. I'm not that kind of person. That's going to choose filming a coaster over hanging out with you guys. I'd rather hang out with the people that are helping my channel grow. So if I'm ever at the park, riding rides, definitely feel free to come join and hang out with me all day. It will not bother me. In fact, it's helping me more than you guys understand. Again, I'll explain why in a bit.  I'm way too shy, way too enclosed, social anxiety, galore. And I'm definitely fixing that. I've noticed that even in my voice on the YouTube videos, I become more perky, I become more like almost like self aware and not shy or nervous about what people think. I'm not afraid to be myself. So again, thank you for that. Hopefully this update kind of helps describe what we're going to be doing over the next two days. Hopefully you guys really enjoy what we're about to kind of release and fix on our channel. And if you have any suggestions, comment down below. What do you want to see on Amusement Insiders in 2019? Comment down below what you want to see and I will most likely listen to you as long as it's not crazy or too out of the ordinary. I'll probably listen to you. We're definitely in that phase where we're taking a lot of feedback from you guys, as you are the reason Amusement Insiders has become very successful on YouTube. And I honestly owe you guys so much. You don't understand. Thanks so much for watching this quick update. Don't forget to hit that like button, even though you don't really need to hit the like button on an update on the channel video. Subscribe if you haven't. And yeah, I'm not going to tell you to share this video because this is just for you guys. Awesome. Have a great one, guys. Bye.


Welcome to our talk living on the edge. My name is Aaron. I'm a software engineer at Collabra and I'll be joined by Marcus who is a machine learning scientist also at Collabra and today we're going to talk about an R&D project we launched at the beginning of this year to see if we can build a purely open source stack to do AI on the edge. So I will give an overview of the problem that we're trying to solve then Marcus will dig into some of the technical details and then at the end we'll give a demo of our results. To begin I'm going to give a brief overview of artificial intelligence field. Now this is a very broad area but I'm going to focus today on object detection. So here in the slide we have four different tasks moving from left to right from easy to more difficult. On the left we have classification where we simply want to find the most important object in the image and classify that object in this case it's a cat. Moving to the right we add localization so we put a bounding box around the object that we have identified. Moving to the right again we have object detection. Here we have multiple images in the scene and we want to detect each of those images and put a bounding box around those images and finally on the right we have the hardest task of all which is segmentation where we segment the boundary of each of those objects in the image. So what's interesting about object detection is that up until 15 or 20 years ago it was generally believed that it would take hundreds of years to create a computer system that could achieve parity with human for object detection simply because our visual system has been evolving for millions of years and we're very good at detecting objects and yet in the past five years we've developed systems that can beat humans at object detection. So let's take a look at how we got to this stage so quickly. The current approach to AI is based on a philosophy called connectionism where we look at the mammalian nervous system and create systems that are analogous to that on a computer. So here we have two neurons in the nervous system on the left. We have a neuron that's connected to the neuron on the right through a synapse which is in yellow and so on the left of that neuron we have inputs from other neurons which are voltages coming in through the dendrites and when the total voltage reaches the activation potential then that neuron is going to fire its voltage along the synapse to the neuron on the right and that neuron also has inputs from other neurons and when its activation potential reaches the threshold that it's going to fire as well.  It either is firing or it's not firing but when you put a lot of these neurons together and you connect them and you can modify the connections based on the learning about the environment that you're in then you get intelligence and that's how our brains actually work. We have around 85 billion neurons and many trillions of connections between the neurons. We also modify those connections as we grow and as we learn about our environment. And so here is an analogous system that we run on a computer called a deep learning network. So we have layers of neurons. The neurons in the brain have become those round nodes and you have layers of neurons and instead of voltages we have numbers going in and coming out of those nodes. So there's an input layer on the left then there are three hidden layers of neurons and then output layer on the right.  And so let's take a look at the connections between the neurons in our model. When you look at when you see those arrows between the neurons there are two things going on in that arrow. First of all when a neuron outputs a number it gets passed through what's called an activation function and that transforms the output in a nonlinear way and the reason is because most problems in the world that are interesting are nonlinear and if we didn't have the activation function we would end up with just a linear system of equations which is quite easy to solve but doesn't really solve interesting problems. So we need a nonlinearity in our network and that's provided by the activation function and once the output of a neuron is passed through the activation function we apply a weight to it which is simply multiplying by a certain number. But the weights are crucial for training the network because as we look at different types of data we're going to be adjusting those weights so that our model makes predictions that are accurate. And so the first phase is the training phase. Here we have training data of which we know what we want the system to output and we feed the training data into the system and look at what it actually gives us and if it's different than what we expect we move backwards to the network and we adjust the weights. The weights usually start in a random state because we don't know what those weights should be. But once we see what the output is on the training data we will back propagate the changes. It's called back propagation. We back propagate the changes backwards from the output into the input and then we pass the training data through the network again and hopefully if we iterate and adjust the weights we'll eventually get the network to converge and that means that each time we run it the weight changes get smaller and smaller and the accuracy is sufficient from the output so that it's getting close to what we want to get on the training data. And this is a very compute intensive process so we would typically do this on many discrete GPUs. Once we've trained the network and that means that the weights have been fixed and also the connections between the neurons are fixed because during the training process we can also add and remove connections between neurons. So once the weights and the connections are set then we move to the inference phase and this is where we take data that we've never seen before. We pass it into the network and if we've trained it well then the patterns in the new data will appear in the output based on how we train the model on the training data. So we'll see the same patterns in the training data in the new data that we're passing in. Now this is a lot less computationally intensive and so this is suitable for running on a low power edge device of low power chip. So that's what we're going to look at next. Running AI on an edge device. So an edge device is typically a resource constrained device. It's constrained by memory, limited memory, limited compute power, and also limited power envelope itself. Perhaps it's running on a battery. And so the primary concern that we have is efficiency. We have to try to be as accurate as possible with the minimum compute as we possibly can so that we can get as much performance as we can out of these chips. And so there are two things that we do when we're trying to become more efficient on the edge and the first one is pruning. So if you look back at the diagram of the deep network you see that there are lots of connections between the neurons and there are many layers of neurons. And so it turns out that we can sometimes remove some of those connections and even remove some of those layers and still maintain the accuracy of the network. So that's what pruning involves. The second step is called quantization. So when we did the training step we would typically have weights being stored in 32 bit numbers. But it turns out that it's possible to reduce the precision of those weights and still get an accurate network. So instead of 32 bit weights we can drop down to 16 bit or even to 8 bit. And the advantage of dropping precision is first of all our memory requirements go down because it takes less memory to store these weights. And second of all we can make use of vector operations on the chips. So instead of doing a single operation on the 32 bit weight we could do four operations on a single operation on four 8 bit weights if we go down to 8 per precision. So those are two very important strategies that we can use to maintain our efficiency on the edge. Now what types of edge devices are people using to do AI? So this is the NVIDIA Tegra, the Xavier version. This is a popular solution for people. This has an 8 core ARM CPU and 512 CUDA core GPU. Now we have a number of issues with the Tegra solution. First of all it's a closed source solution and so we don't get the advantages of an open system. Second of all we have lock-in from CUDA which is the language that NVIDIA uses to talk to its hardware. So CUDA only runs on NVIDIA chips and so if you start to use CUDA in your system then it's very hard to port it to other hardware and so you're locked in. And because you have that lock-in partially they charge a premium on their hardware so these are very expensive chips. So the objective of our project is to see if we could have a build an alternative system that was open source that we wouldn't tie us to a particular hardware and that we could modify and change and extend at our will. So and to do this the critical piece of the puzzle is the driver, the driver that talks to the hardware and that schedules the compute on the GPU and so this is where Panfrost enters the picture and Panfrost is an open source driver from ARM Mali GPUs. Of course ARM has their own proprietary drivers but this is an effort to reverse engineer the instruction set in the architecture of these GPUs so that we have an open solution. It's fully upstreamed into Mesa which is the Linux 3D graphics layer and the team lead is Lyssa Rosenzweig who is also working with us at Collab. And now let's take a look at some of the features that Panfrost has. So Panfrost is a relatively young project and just as we were launching our project for the OpenStack, Panfrost introduced a new feature which was support for GLES 3.2. So GLES is an embedded version of the OpenGL graphics language and 3.2 is the first version of GLES that supports compute shaders and a shader is a small program that you can tell the driver to run on the GPU. This is really important for us because the neural network requires computation. We want to run it on the GPU because they're inherently parallel more efficient and faster than the CPU and so now we have a way through the shaders and Panfrost of running compute on the GPU. This is very important. Now let's look at the hardware that we would use to run the system. We quickly settled on the Rockpi 4 which is a system on a chip with a 4 core CPU. It has an ARM Mali 4 core GPU and it has 4 gigs of memory and a video decoder. It has a lot of other features but these are the ones that are most relevant for doing object detection on video and it's only around 90 bucks US so it's a very nice system and very economical. The one thing about the Rockpi is it does run a little hot and so here's a picture of Marcus's cooling solution which is a little extreme. You can just alternatively just put a big heat sink on the chip and it works fine that way as well. So we have the hardware and we have the the driver that talks to the hardware and open solution for that and now we have to move up the stack to the library that manages the actual neural network itself. We looked at a bunch of different solutions and we finalized our decision on TensorFlow Lite which is a lite version of Google's TensorFlow library. It's designed to run on mobile and IoT devices on the edge and their focus is on Android and iOS but we were able to build TensorFlow Lite for a stock ARM Debian distro so ARM vn running on the Rockpi so we get TensorFlow Lite to work on the Rockpi instead of on an Android device and now we'll look at some of the features of TensorFlow Lite. Here's a new feature that was just introduced last year called delegate. So normally TensorFlow Lite would run on the edge device the CPU or the DSP but with the delegate we can actually delegate some of the compute to another device like another DSP or a GPU and we also found that the TensorFlow Lite delegate supports GLES 3.2. So TensorFlow Lite can offload compute to the GPU and Panfrost supports that way of doing it with the support of GLES 3.2 so now we have all the pieces that we need to put the total the complete solution together and so next Marcus is going to tell you a bit more of the technical details about how we did it. Marcus. Thanks Aaron. Before we go further into the details I'd like to go over some of the basics of what delegation is and typically a user would start with an already trained model be it in TensorFlow, PyTorch, MLPAC or your favorite network library of choice and use a converter to convert the model into the TF Lite format and this TF Lite file would then be handed down to the interpreter which runs the model on the device itself and by default the model runs in the CPU so the interpreter would call out to the CPU op kernels. However most devices these days especially mobile phones or resource constrained devices have a bunch of extra ships like a mobile GPU or DSP that we can leverage to accelerate inference or even training and this is where our delegates come in which acts as a bridge between the TensorFlow Lite runtime and lower level accelerated APIs for example the GPU delegate uses OpenCL and OpenGL to run inference on mobile GPUs on various devices which now includes the RockPy as well and the natural question here is why would you use delegates at all and the most obvious benefit is faster inference again perfect example here is the GPU delegate because of the highly parallel nature of GPUs they are usually very good at performing metrics math such as convolutions or calculating the output of a fully connected layer and as a result when we use the GPU delegates in our experiments we observed up to 30 times speed ups with our optimized model and another great benefit is lower power consumptions a good example here is a DSP which are often meant for applications such as multimedia and communications which inherently require less power consumptions so when we use the DSP for inference we saw up to 50% less power which is what we observed when we tested the Qualcomm hexagon DSP to run inference so for running object detection in real time on the RockPy we use the GPU delegate which as I mentioned before gives up to 30 times speed ups on the models we tested which involves a lot of convolutions and this is how you would do things with the GPU delegate and the main idea is that you initialize the delegate instance and path it to the interpreter and the rest of the overall logic that you would normally do remains pretty much the same and in fact there's not much else you have to do for for delegates except to use these couple lines of initialization and cleanup at the end so now we know how we can leverage the TensorFlow GPU delegate to accelerate inference but if you look into the recent years there are several production trends which shape the neural network model design as well on the data center side the share of neural network inference keeps growing and it often requires using special hardware tweaks to keep the cost down on the other side the number of mobile and embedded deployments is going up too and those platforms usually have very constrained compute resources and all of that requires model design that really takes hardware into account so in each case in general what we are talking about is deep learning in a efficient way so instead of having these very big large neural networks that can be run for example on a cell phone or an embedded resource constraint device we want to make the model as small as possible and very efficient very power effective so that they're quick and fast and there are couple of ways you can do this you can take a network and make the architecture more efficient for example or you can optimize the kernel that execute or you can develop like a specific hardware for making neural network more efficient and at Collabra we are looking into all of those things however specifically my team is looking into compression quantization and the idea of compression is to remove individual weights or perhaps even better remove complete feature maps complete neurons complete convolutional channels from your network to make it more efficient and parallel to that another way to make your network more efficient is quantization which is based on a simple idea which is can a neural network run on lower positions and normally when you train a neural network it's done in like floating point 32 which means every number is represented in 32 bits and now you can calculate a lot more effectively and efficiently and you have a lot less memory transfer and energy conjunctions if you would use less bits for each of the weights and the activations in the network so the idea is that you can do calculate calculations in 8 bits quantize your whole network both the weights and all the operations in between two 8 bit operations with the result that you are a lot more efficient however since 8 bit has only 256 values one has to do some special tricks to remap floating points to a few available integers and preserve the precision of the model and the simplest approach is applying a fin transformation where the parameters such as scale and zero point are shared for the entire tensor and in general quantization with minimal accuracy drop is an area of active research over the past few years but some of the approaches have already proven to work quite well so both work together compression and quantization to kind of scale the model down and sometimes you can do this with a factor like 80 so your model becomes a lot smaller than the original model you started with so now we have these techniques namely quantization and compression but what does it take away so the current consensus is to start with a bigger model and then make it smaller instead of starting with an already small model like a mobile net or some version of tiny yolo and there's a theory from the paper called the lottery ticket hypothesis that was recently published and this kind of posits and also kind of proves to a certain extent that you are better off training a larger network that is over parameterized to train that first and then make it smaller afterwards that's usually better than training a small network from scratch and the the paper adjusted that basically you want to find a lottery ticket and here a lottery ticket is basically a network architecture that's very good for your problem and every feature will have like a certain probability of being a good feature to use so the more features you have the higher the probability is in finding those optimal features and because of that you are better off training a larger new network that is over parameterized since you have a lot more shots to find those correct architectures so to get an object detection model that runs in real time on the rock pie we used all of those techniques and as a basis we use the yolo verse three model and to get an optimized model we have the number of filters of all convolution layers we place them with the three by three layer and also replace the convolution layer number six and eight with the convolution layer of size one by one and though both layers contain a method amount of parameters meanwhile the the optimized model achieves point eight three on our data set which is very close to the original model which has about point nine one accuracy and the main reason that our compression method does not give no to personal accuracy drop is that the redundant connections in those remain in layers still exist so if you want to go deeper into the details and also have a rock pie you can take a look at our gate leopard polytory there are some instructions to set everything up as well as how to run the model itself thanks and back to Eren so now we're ready to show you the results of our project but before I do that before we do that here is a brief comparison of the unoptimized and the optimized yolo model that we used for the object detection so you see in terms of accuracy that the optimized version is not that different than the unoptimized it's slightly less accurate but when we go to the frame rate and performance you get a big jump particularly on the gpu side we're getting 27 frames per second which is essentially a real-time object detector which is really nice and we were very happy with those results in terms of future directions first of all as I mentioned panfrost is a relatively young project and gles 3.2 is a very new feature for panfrost so we're hoping that as the driver matures we will get some compute improvements on the gles side of things there's another feature that's on the horizon for panfrost called medium p medium precision if you recall I was we were talking about quantization of the of the model medium p supports 16-bit precision rather than 32-bit precision in the driver and so if we were able to add medium p then we can quantize our models by half and so that should give us a big boost in terms of performance and also reduce our memory requirements and our power usage third of all there is on some of the rock pie versions there is something called a neural processing unit or an npu which is a fancy name for another gpu on the chip on the on the system that is just devoted to doing neural network calculations so now panfrost is an effort to reverse engineer the Mali gpu if we are able to reverse engineer the npu then we have a second device that we can offload compute to and then the challenge would be to load balance the computations between two devices instead of one but that should also give us a boost in performance and finally gstreamer unfortunately we didn't get to that layer of the stack on this project but gstreamer as you may know is a popular pipeline-based framework for doing multimedia playing audio and video and currently there's no upstream solution to add object detection or any type of neural net activity into the pipeline which is a natural thing you'd want to do when you're streaming videos to do facial recognition or object detection or any type of processing we can't there's nothing upstream at the moment for gstreamer so we're hoping to integrate what we've done on panfrost and let's say on the rock pie into gstreamer so that it would be possible to have new elements that would support object detection on this device and now finally we're going to show you our object detector running on the rock pie using panfrost and so here we have a scene from the pre-covid days that you may remember a crowded street scene and as you can see the object detector is performing quite well on people it's very accurate it does have some trouble with the baby carriage that it thinks is a motorcycle but other than that the accuracy is very good at real-time frame rates and we were very happy with the results and so in conclusion we wanted to thank you all very much for attending our session today and we both hope you enjoyed it we will be available to take your questions now through the chat tool or feel free to find us online at any time if you're interested in any part of this presentation thanks again


I also think it's important, sir, for those soldiers to seek out that guidance and mentorship, not always to wait for someone to come to them but say, I want to, I see this Sergeant Major and I want to be like him and I go and say, hey Sergeant Major, how did you get to be here? Can you help me? Nothing we do is as important as developing leaders for the future and I use it in this simple way. Everything that we do as leaders should be about finding that young soldier, young sergeant, young officer to replace us. Now I'm a little older so it may not be so young to replace a general but I'm looking at the next level to be a two or a three start to replace me. And if you look at a master sergeant, you look at a sergeant, whatever position maybe or the great Sergeant Major, I'm always looking and coaching to tell those leaders to find that person who's going to replace them. Nothing we do in the Army is as important as leader development and teamwork.


The reason why I played up music in the beginning is because we need to have our energy going, particularly when we're writing what's like a copy, need to be a little bit creative. So I'm Gail Williams and something about myself. So I came up here from Sarasota, Florida. I'm actually a Florida native born in Orlando before the mouse is what we say. Before the mouse ate Orlando. If you really ask me who I am, I'm going to say I'm an orchestral flutist. Classically trained in flute and played in an orchestra for many, many years as principal flute. And a sideline of that is I'm also a music critic for 20 years. I've been a music critic for the Herald Tribune, so I've written on deadline a lot. But that has nothing to do with why I'm here necessarily. I have been in marketing for about 25 years prior to that university administration. And in marketing I was a corporate, not-for-profit marketing executive. Then with an agency, business development and project management with an agency, and started my own agency in 2008. Right around the time, everything crashed. And it was great. I had a virtual start and went to bricks and mortar. It was vision, PR, and marketing. Working with a number of larger not-for-profits and businesses. And then as I got older and things got in a way a lot easier with digital marketing, I decided to scale back down to just me. And it's been a great ride. And today, I write a lot of content. I build websites and I help clients build their businesses and not for profits. So that's why I'm here, a little bit about me. We're gonna write winning website copy. I don't know why I did all that alliteration, it's really hard to say. But today we're going to go into the why, who, and what of writing copy. We'll talk about use buyer personas, who we're writing to. And the sequence flow and the journey of the content on your website. Voice and tone, and then we're going to spend some time on writing rules and grammar. Is everyone really excited about that? Oh good, thank you. It's because it's really important. We may not have time for hands-on practice. I gave this talk in Baltimore and we ran a little long because we got into the meat of it. But we'll see what we can do, okay? Starting off with why. Why should our website copy be winning, compelling, good copy? Bad copy's boring. Mm-hm. Yes. It doesn't convert, it doesn't do the, you know, I was thinking of more mundane reasons like to please the client and get paid for the job and of course to produce the best website for my portfolio and to feed the search engines. It's all about SEO. Well you all had it right. It's really to resonate with the website visitors and create some action, engagement and conversion. And you can't do that with dull copy or incorrect copy or disorganized copy. This is actually a copy I found on the live website and I changed the names to present, to protect the innocent. So just take a moment and look at that. And I'd love to have you just kind of poke some holes in it if you have a suggestion for them. Start over. Yeah. Yes. Right. Right. And a lot of these things you can do visually. You have to think, when you're telling your story, what can you tell visually and what do you need to spend your precious copy on? Yeah. Exactly. It's really, you know who this is resonating with? This is the owner. And the funny thing is this is the copy. I work with a lot of small businesses and if I'm not careful to discuss copywriting and content development and put that into the contract, I end up kind of stuck with it like this and I feel compelled to clean it up because I don't want something like this on a website that has my name on it. Right. Right. So resonate with the people who are visiting the website who are our potential customers, clients, donors. We need to think about them. And that's the next. Yes. You had a. Okay. So who do you really want to resonate? We've answered that. Right. Although we always do have to remember we have to bring the company owner along our client along and any of their population. But we want to resonate with our clients, buyer personas. Now do you all talk about buyer personas with your clients? Is everyone here a designer, developer working with clients? Do you talk about buyer personas? I see some nods. Just raise your hand if you that's definitely part of your conversation and your lexicon. Okay. Great. Great. For those who might not know what buyer personas are, they are here. I have the definition so I don't have to remember. It's a semi-fictional representation of your ideal customer based on market research and real data about your existing customers. In my world I work with very small companies and they don't have a lot of data. So I have to talk to the owner, maybe talk to the lead sales person, and ask a lot of questions to put together the picture of their buyer persona. And sometimes it's not the best to be. Is there anyone here who has a way that they get their buyer persona from their clients that just is really working for them? Oh, segments. Right. Okay. Smart. You do need to think in terms of segments because it's not always a monolithic, this type of person visits the website, yes sir. Uh-huh. Right. Okay. And that specifically talks about online behavior and that's very, very useful. However, you also, yes sir, that's really good. Uh-huh. Right. So when we start asking questions like this, and we're really getting into this detail, who of us thought that they were actually a sales consultant? For really a business consultant? Sales consultant? Really, there are times where I say if we really go through the process that we need to, to create a killer website, we've gone through a lot of your business planning and strategy, so it's great. Couple of resources, Adele Ravella wrote a wonderful book. It was the book about buyer personas and her information is at buyerpersona.com. If you haven't played on that site, I recommend it. Now this is an example of, their avatars, buyer personas can look, they come in a number of varieties. This is one, and I particularly would be paying attention to challenges and common questions and fears because that's going to tell me how to address them with the words on the website. Your background will let me know a little bit about their education and where they're coming from, but really their challenges, common questions, and biggest fears. That information you usually get if you're talking to the lead sales person in the company. As you were saying, sir, talking about their sales. Have you ever gone to a website and you're looking at it and you're thinking, what do they do? Yeah, right, but that has never been a website that you've built, right? Never. But sometimes you have to state the obvious. It's not just going to be in your name. The what is important, but far too often, if we get that what from the client, it's all about the features. It's kind of long-winded.  So stay away from that. Watch out. This is the number one question. When I look at any page, it's what's in it for me? If I've gotten my mind in the place of the buyer persona, at least one of the segments, and I look at it and I just think, is this going to resonate with me? Is it telling me anything that I want to know? This is a series of questions that I propose, that I hypothesize, is a common sequence. I want to know what is it, what is being offered, how have others benefited from it? And that's social proof. That's testimonials, but you want to tell me right up front. I want to know what makes this company, individual service, qualified to provide what they do. So I do want to know a little bit about credentials, how long you've been in business, and maybe your specialties. And then in many ways, I'm going to be looking at the site, the way they talk to me, how they present themselves, and I'm going to ask, can I trust them? And I want to know what others say about them. That's very specifically social proof testimonials. And then very often, the visitor is thinking, well, what would it be like if I'm working with them? And if you don't say, okay, this is what it's like to be working with them, you have lost an opportunity there. And if I'm interested, what's the next step? I have seen more than my share of websites that have no call to action anywhere. That's a huge missed opportunity. It's like, well, I've got the contact page. They can just go and contact me. The phone number's up there, very specific. Now, if we're talking about the buyer persona, we need to think about the sequence of their line of inquiry, the flow of the website, the flow that we're taking them on. And I call it the buyer's journey. What are the things they're going to be looking for? And we have to consider what the brand voice is, but how does this brand voice of our client resonating with the buyer persona? I think of a grocery store. You know that there's a huge science, I'm sure, of exactly where to place things in a grocery store. And they know exactly what they're doing when they kind of lead you through the floral area and the deli. And around the cases of processed meats, there's a science to it. And they've researched what we want, what's the natural path of our shopping experience, and what they want. And they're placing things, their specials, exactly where they should be along that path. And so a website is no different. You're building the flow, the navigation, the internal links to places so that you guide them along the preferred path, but you also give them an opportunity to make their choices. So that's the sequence and the flow and the voice. There are a lot of ways to convey the voice with word choice, tone. Are you writing in first person? Are you writing in the authoritative third person? I think, for me, a lot of my clients like first person. That just seems I'm talking just to you because you have visited my website. And so we offer you these things. And you will feel so much better when you buy one of these things along those lines. This photo really reminds me when I was in college and just barely drinking age. My friends and I would go down the street into town and visit the wine store.  And we got to know the owner. And through the year, my junior year in college, we bought a bottle of wine a week. And it was our little course in learning how to drink wine and how to discern what wine is what. And I think of that as what you can do with a website. You're visiting. Let me show you this. Let me give you an opportunity to come back for this other content, your blog posts and such. Here sign up for our opt-in. Opt-in so we can share a little more with you. So it's always very helpful. So I say your website content should be helpful, whatever voice it's in. Oh, so I wanted to show you. We could look at any number of websites. But this one, come on. Oh, we just lost it. There's a website that I built. It's a long scroll. And I just wanted to share with you the logic behind it. And then you can tell me if it's useful or not. So obviously, we catch their attention. Who we are, what we do. We're going to make this very, very clear. So basically, we want to be your project solution source. And very specifically, we're going to save you time. And I'm not going to read the whole thing. But this is kind of our opening salvo. We're saying special projects, specifically your events. And again, it's what's in it for me. We make your events exquisite and profitable. Then we go into a little bit of background of our credentials and experience. We get a little more specific. Sometimes all we need is a prompt. Everyone's looking for, well, what is it that I need? Oh, no, I need a bar mitzvah. I need someone to do the bar mitzvah I'm planning. Or I have a corporate annual meeting. So we give them the list so that they can begin to nod. We get into details. This client is actually a not-for-profit consultant working on development projects as well. A little deeper than just the special events. A little deeper. This is kind of the list of what we do, what we do. And a little more what we do. But all you'll see in the way that it's worded, it's worded in ways that mean something to them.  I'm going to have more accuracy. I'm going to build better relationships with my donors. And then our services include lists are good. And here we start the social proof. We have a testimonial here. We introduce the owner, owners, and more testimonial, social proof. You can trust us, we've worked on all these projects with all these people. And our call to action, our last bit, turn your events into unforgettable memories. Let's start a conversation. This is what you do. This was a very compact flow, one-page role. I would love it. Y'all have any suggestions to improve this? Yes, please. Who's your developer? Well, it's not optimized for any of that. But that's, I know, that's party planners, event planners. Yeah, yes. Right. Right, and so you thought the bridge reminded you of infrastructure. That's thank you. I know. And what so what do they do? In your projects, the special ability to blah, blah, blah. OK. Thank you, thank you. Yes. Great, first of all, I'm going to say who we are and what we do. Yeah. But it's the hope. Yeah. Are you checking to see what it looks like on a mobile device?  It's OK. I caught you out. Yes, sir, you're over there. Yeah. OK, thank you. Thank you. I'm a better writer than I am a WordPress, I mean, website builder, yes. The entrance of the bridge. It's low. Yeah. OK. All right. OK, OK, so thank you very much. I'm going to take that back. This is one of those. Never mind. All right. Wait, wait, wait, see if. What can we do? We're switching it to the page and it's going to be immediate. It's going to be immediate. Yeah. So I should kind of do something else as the header. See, in Sarasota, there's great pride in this bridge. And the market that we're going to, they're just like, oh, and they go on. It's not an incredibly. Yeah. It's funny if people are just loving that video. But then again, how many are converting? Right. Exactly.  Yeah. Yeah. Yes, sir. And we'll move on. No, it's OK. It's OK. I got like two on the test, but I'm driving pretty fast. OK, so here's here. I'll end it with this. This is a friend of mine who started business, started it, and came to me after she named it. SRQ Special Projects, don't you think that's great? So tell me more about why you came to this name. So SRQ is what the Sarasota Airport acronym is. OK, so in Sarasota only, that means something. Special Projects, I kind of had the same thoughts you did, which was you do stuff with not-for-profits. You do events. So this is an example of you work with what you have. She didn't have high-res photos of the events she'd done. So I needed something for her header. So I found this and thought, this will pop. Oh, we are moving on. We're not talking. Just raise the 10-minute things. OK, we're going to talk about compelling word choices. There are more words than these on the screen. There are a lot of really good words. And I'm going to encourage you to always think of action verbs, descriptive action verbs. Think of how you can describe things with more specificity. In the art of storytelling, you are going to connect more deeply when you paint that picture. And I would recommend that you just kind of start playing as you're writing boring company copy. Look for ways. Use your thesaurus. You know, right click, thesaurus. Check the words out. Now we get to the fun part. We're going to whiz through grammar. And I will tell you that I do have these slides on my website for you to pull down. You're welcome. And so this grammar matters. I'm really not trying to be agist. I thought this was really funny. I'm that person with the whiteout. But grammar matters. The number one reason I say your website should have copy that is clean, well-written, is because if you have error, maybe you didn't use the right way. Or you dropped a few commas. Many of us will let that slide. But we'll bet on that. Proper grammar, well-used, well-put sentences, it's going to be very hard for you to build credibility and trust. Trust goes out the window when someone sees a typo. That's just, that is fact. Unless the person doesn't know. But anyway, that's another. When you're using spellcheck or if you have the Grammarly app or plug-in, it doesn't catch everything. If the word is thee, obviously, if it's thee, and it actually says they, it's not going to give you the little red line to tell you something's wrong. So be careful of words like break down and break down. Break down is a verb. Break down, together, is a noun. Did anyone know that distinction? You'll start seeing these things with every day and every day. Every day, together, is an adjective. Every day is describing every day. It's versus it's. If you don't, when you're writing, quickly go in your mind, it is. Or it's possessive. You might be making mistakes. This is my number one mistake, because I type fast. And if I don't get that apostrophe in, it's a problem. It is. Contraction is the only one that uses the quote. Worthless? Worth it. Oh, worth it. OK. I found Grammarly very helpful. A friend of mine who's an editor says it's worthless. Because it makes mistakes. I find it helpful, because I always look at it and think, is I right or not? OK. But Grammarly is useful. Yes. That's very good. Exactly. Thank you. Right. So that's the inconsistency. Very quickly, I want to tell you the rule of pie, because people use quotation marks in italics in all wacky, wonky ways. So think of, I love this example of the thriller. Michael Jackson's album, The Thriller, would be the larger piece. And so that's in italics. The actual song, Thriller, is in quotations. This goes for, I do a lot of reviews, so opera's and arias. But when you're talking about something, a book, a chapter, anything that's a subset, that's where it's used. Italics are used in visual copy to emphasize. And if you use the quotations in a way to emphasize, you're actually, you're not emphasizing it like this is important. You're saying, this is maybe not right. Does everyone understand the difference between that? No. Yes, nod? Is that OK? I was going to say, if you don't nod, I'm going to repeat it. You don't want me to. Never hyphenate an L-Y verb. People use hyphens where they shouldn't, and people use them where they should. This is one place where you should not use a hyphen. Commonems, words that sound alike, but mean something different. The two most commonly misused, other than here, here, and there, there. Our insure, it only has to do with insurance. And insure is when you want to make sure. Effect is the noun, and affect is the verb. I love this. Where are you supposed to use capital, capitals? Capital letters, in a title. So when you have an H2 tag or something like that, go ahead, capitalize each word. But if it's in the middle of your text and you're talking about engaging, I love this engaging, dynamic keynote speaker, making them capitalize does not make it more important. Makes it wrong. Oh, this goes without saying. Just watch your pronoun agreement, please. Client, well, you can download these because we have no time. Collective nouns, singular, run on sentences, watch. If you have two sentences and you put them together, you have to join them with a comma and a conjunction or with a semicolon, one of those two. And there, that's the end of the lightning fast grammar review. So I hope we covered some things that were useful. We don't have time for comments, but I'll be here and I'll be out there in the hall if you have any questions. And the resources link is right up there. It's my website, visionprm.com at WC Philly. And feel free to go in and download what you need. Okay, thank you very much.


Welcome back to Exotic Wine Travel. I am your host, Matthew Harkie. And I'm Sharon Todd. Welcome to the show today. We have three humongous wines from Santa Barbara County to taste Bordeaux blend. So this should shape up to be an interesting episode. All three highly scored. You excited? You love big wines. It's just fitting because we are going to Napa Valley tomorrow for the Wine Writers Symposium. So let's we'll be able to go back. Just warming So guys, before we get started, I want to let you know that this video has not been paid for any way, shape or form. But if you do like these videos, if they do add value to your life, check out our guide to the wines of Santa Barbara called Sipping Santa Barbara. Recommended Wines and Producers. On Amazon, EPUB and PDF. I will put it up on the screen. We let these wines breathe just for a few minutes here because we've used our Corovin model to elite to pour them. I want to thank Corovin for sending us a test model to use. It's been fantastic. And we poured them into these beautiful Gabriel glass gold edition hand blown glasses. These are wonderful, wonderful glasses. I will put a discount code up for these glasses up at the end of the video. These these wine glasses have performed with Pinot Noir with Chardonnay with Bordeaux blends. I'm excited. Let's go for it. Okay, so Napa is not the only place and Napa is not the only places with great Bordeaux blends in California. You know, obviously Montabello is made in Monterey, Lake County, Alexander Valley have some good wines as well. But Santa Barbara County known for Chardonnay, Pinot Noir is bringing some heat with the Bordeaux blends. So what do you think? That's why we add exotic wine travel we can't go to Santa Barbara.  But if you go inland, Los Alivos, Ballard Canyon and Happy Canyon, especially, you're going to get fantastic Cabernet 7 y'all Merlot Petit Verdeau, Cabernet Hall. Okay, let's get ready. Let's get into some of the wine stay. First, we have a new boy on the block, fairly young producer. This is the Boehner 40A vineyards, a state grown 2014 B3 from the brand new Los Alivos district, new Los Alivos American viticulture area. Yeah, it was established in January 2016. So it's quite difficult to find wines from Los Alivos at this time. Yes. This V3 is a blend of, it says right here, 60% Cabernet 70 on 20% Merlot, 20% Petit Verdeau, Dr. Bob and Vicki are the owners, nice, really nice people. This, these vineyards are actually the highest, I believe, in Santa Barbara County. They're pretty high. They have some of you on Blanc as well. And legendary producer Steve Clifton of Palmena makes the wines. You ready to get started? I believe this is 22 months in oak. Excuse me. Now with these Bordeaux blends, you're going to get color. They're not pitch black and super jammy, but you do get some beautiful color, kind of like this ruby with a garnet on the edges. Let's give this a, let's give this a little bit of a smell. It smells pretty warm weather to me. I wasn't expecting this. Beautiful nose. So red berry, black berry. Very Mediterranean style on the nose for me. Yeah, I get Mediterranean dry oats on the nose. Graphite to me. But to me, it smells in it. And even in the glass, it's not thick and heavy like a Mediterranean jammy ones can be. I was just looking at the smell. Beautiful aromatics, right? Are you digging that? Interesting. Very interesting. Are you not? Is it something bothering you in the wine? Let's taste it first. I don't really want to judge the wine just by the smell. Okay. Let's give this a go. A bit of gooseberry. Very interesting aroma. Mm. Medium to full body. Develop tannins. You can drink this now. For Bordeaux blend. Very tart. I love the palate. It's wonderful, right? Medium to full body, tannins. Tannins are not ripping my face off there, but they're just, it's juicy and nice, right? I like the tart finish on the palate. Yeah. It's juicy, but slightly creepy as creepy tannins at the same time. This is pretty not delicious. This is the type of wine that has complexities, has the bright fruits. I think easily going to score 90 something points by major critics. For me, I'm a 4.3 out of 5 on this. I'm a vino. That's why I would give this score. I think it's pretty darn good. What do you think? Yeah. Okay. 42 US dollars. Very small production. Only 225 cases of this wine were made. This is his reserve wine. So let's get, let's move on. I really like this a lot. I think I like this more than you do. I like the palate a lot. Let's move on here. We have the pairing red from 2014. All these three wines are 2014. The pairing is the second label of Honata, which is owned by the owner of Screaming Ego and Napa. Matt Dees is the wine maker. The pairing is the second label. Young vines that the fruit that doesn't make it up to Honata. You love Honata. You love the Bordeaux blend Phoenix, right? Love that line. This is 50% Cabernet with Petit Verdot, Cabernet Franc and Merlot in it. 22 months in French oak. Almost 10,000 cases made. 25 US dollars. These wines always deliver for the price. We tasted the Sauvignon Blanc on an episode earlier. I really enjoyed it. I've had most of the pairing wines, although I have not had the red. I have to admit I have not had the red. We've had Pinot Noir, we've had Sauvignon but not the red. Pinot Noir, Rose, Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc. Let's give this a smell here. 25 US dollars. I sandwiched it in between some more expensive wines to see how it would perform. Do you know what's the predominant blend? 50% Cabernet. I get lots of Cabernet in it. You? Cassis? Quite a lot of Merlot too. Tar? Quite a savvy or plum? Like plum? The oak is very well integrated and all these wines so far. Is it huge? Much bigger. Fuller in the mouth. Tends slightly creepy and has some tobacco and chocolate flavors for me. This is going to be typical Cabernet drinkers are going to enjoy this. This has more red fruit which I'm attracted to Cabernet 7 Yon Merlot when it has more red fruit as opposed to dark. So I like this. This is still bringing a lot of weight on the mouth. This is fuller body complexity. I think this is quite good. What do you think? For this price, yeah. It's got quite a bit of aging potential. I like that it's simple label. Sometimes you just got to think about why people who don't really know wine that well or people who don't usually drink wine, how are they going to choose wine? And I think this is one bottle that stands out. It's easy. Just red wine. It always delivers. I'm 4.1 out of 5. That's why I would put it on my Arvivino account. I think this is very good. Very, very nice. This is rich. This has aging potential like you were talking about, right? This would shed some baby fat after a few more years. Nice extract. Ready? Okay. Good job. Anything else you want to add on this bad boy? No, I actually want to go back to this and later. I like this wine a lot actually. I like this wine a lot. The next is a producer that I am a huge fan of. All three of these wines are made from a state fruit, which means these wineries own their own vineyards, which I like a lot. This is the Grasini Family Vineyards Articando Proprietary Red Wine Blend 2014. This, if I remember right, is 40% Cabernet Sauvignon. The rest, Marlowe Petit Verdeau, Cabernet Franc, and 45 US dollars. We liked the 2013 vintage of this in the past. We like the Cabernet Sauvignon. I am ready to give this a go. This is from the Happy Canyon, furthest inland off the coast in Santa Barbara County, so it's a little bit hotter. Wish I had more couples. More graphite-y. This has more color, I think. This is a little pair. Just wait a little bit more. This is more floral on the nose. Do you get the graphite? A little bit, yeah. But I think this is more flower driven. I get more violet. Plum? It's more plummy and black fruity to me. Which one's heavier in the glass? Yeah, this one's a little bit heavier. This one's a little bit lighter in color. I'm liking this. This has some complexities. This has quite a bit of stuff going on that's not fruity. Quite peppery as well on the nose. Let's give this a go. I'm sorry, not pepper.  Sometimes when you get out of these Bordeaux blends, people that like Coca-Cola, they have to get a Coca-Cola finish on this. I do, I do. What do you like us? I do. I agree with you. Coca-Cola, Cherry-Cola. This is the biggest in body, surprisingly, at 25 dollars. This is the quote-unquote lightest in body, still medium to full body, full full body, full body too. What do you think? I think this is more flower and fruit driven.  I think a lot of people are going to like it. I think people who like dark beer, it's got nice, a little bit of that bitter tenons on the finish. Personal preference again. This was, it took me a while, but I thought it was interesting. A lot of Mediterranean herbs on the nose. This is really dark, dark fruit. It feels weighty on the mouth. I think this is more drinkable now. This is still very, very, very good wine, but I'm surprised how well the pairing is shaping up to this. I mean, to me, I like the Cabernet Sauvignon a lot more. To me, this is still very good Bordeaux blend at 4.1 out of 5 easily for me. What else do you think? And great aging potential. These two both are so dense.  I want a big steak with this too as well. So, good job by Bordeaux blends.  I know it's not cheap, but for premium wine with that California flavor, you're getting relatively more value. Is it entry level price fall? Yeah. So, these, I mean, just beautiful wines. Anything else you want to add on these things? Go for it. Just drink it. So guys, I'm going to put the discount code for the Gabriel glass up on the screen right now. You get 15% off the standard glass or the alpha decanter. We are not affiliates, so just buy it with confidence. We don't get anything out of it. If you do like our videos, it would help us out if you checked out our guide to the wines of Santa Barbara sipping Santa Barbara recommended wine. Check out these producers. I will put the links in the description box. You can get on some of the mailing lists. Luckily, I think the winner for me today was the new boy on the blog. What? So, and you know what? He's not very popular yet, so you can get these. This has made large production easy to get fairly easily get from their website. This too smaller production, but not super well known, but consistent wine. Yeah, guys, so if you like this video, please subscribe to our YouTube channel. As I'll take one travel and I will see you at the next episode.