Hello and welcome to NewsClick. Today we have with us David Deplas, former political editor at Business Standard, former visiting professor at Jamia, and former fellow at Teen Murthy, and someone who has been closely following and reporting the developments in Kashmir since the past many years. Today he will be discussing with us his latest book, The Generation of Rage in Kashmir, a book which tells a compelling narrative of the current youth in Kashmir which was born after the insurgency and began in 1988, and a generation which has grown up seeing only violence in their lives. The book talks about this resentment, the resentment in this youth, and the various ways in which the Indian state has failed, which are the major reasons why this conflict is still going on in the state. So welcome, David. Thank you for joining us today. Thank you for having me. So starting with these conditions which we have talked about in your book, the conditions in which this youth has grown up, can you tell us more about the sort of humiliation and harassment these people have faced on a daily basis, which is probably compelling them to take up arms today? Well, that's one aspect of it. But one thing that I want to say is when I began work on this book, I thought I was talking about a minor part of the population, one generation, who had been born and raised in a time of violence. After 2016, the uprising of 2016, I realized that I'm really talking about two different generations. So I've noted patterns of difference between those typically born around 1990 and those born around 2000. Now, those who were born, who have called millennials in the latter group, actually didn't witness what happened in the 90s, which was very often quite brutal, the violence, the war, proxy war, whatever you might want to call it at different stages. But it brought a lot of trauma to common people. What's happened with the millennials who are actually on the streets since 2016 is that they have been formed by narratives about what happened in 1990s, as well as narratives about what has happened across the world in terms of their perceptions of Muslims globally being repressed and the global war on terror, things that have happened in Iraq or Afghanistan and elsewhere, all of these have also fed in. And I have made the point that narrativization began in a very, very strong way from about 2008. And it fed in to the kinds of responses that came from Jammu and elsewhere after the land transfer to the Shri Amanath Shrine Board. And that actually helped to shape this new generation, this generation that even today are only teenagers. But because of a demographic bulge, they comprise a substantial part of the population. I've made the point in this book that leadership of various kinds, the established leaders, whether of the Hurriyat or so-called mainstream, whether this party or that party, have actually been discarded to some extent, particularly by these millennials. Yeah, this leadership no longer has any control over the population. Yeah, particularly over this generation. Much, they have a little more influence over those born in the 90s or early 90s. But many of those are introspective and they were the ones who were on the streets in 2008 when there was an uprising following the transfer of land. Many of them were on the streets in 2010 when there was very intense, very angry stone pelting in particularly the city of Srinagar but spread to other areas as well. And my sense is that many of them who are now in their late 20s or even in their 30s have become a little introspective. During 2016, they were out on the streets for the first three or four days, but not so much thereafter. For the next four months or so, it was carried forward. The barricading of the streets, the imposition as it were of Hartaal, ensuring that people could not move, that was done largely by teenagers, 14, 15, 16 year olds, who ironically haven't seen the worst of the 1990s and whatever happened from both sides during the 1990s. But they have heard narratives and they have been formed by it. The other point that I've made in this book is that the state and the various kinds of policy makers and forces lose sight of psychological changes from one generation to another. Kashmiris, by and large, covered when an army truck passed by even at a distance. There was a reaction of fear. This generation that has grown up amid violence and all kinds of bloodshed have become immune to fear, largely. A lot of them are just very, very, very confident about facing bullets or pellet guns. They don't seem to cover in fear the way the forces have been used to. They're an earlier generation or earlier generations covering during the 1990s. So that's been a great shift which the state didn't take cognizance of. And to my mind, that became evident from about 2007. I saw signs of it. I was living there. I helped to set up a university at that stage in 2007. And I noticed from even anecdotal evidence that I was given that this change had come about. People were not responding with fear, young people, the way an older generation had. And it struck me very, very, very strongly. And I thought this is going to make for a major change. But unfortunately, there's a lot of inertia in the corridors of power, in government. There's also a certain degree of being isolated, insulated by bulletproof glass and by the whole apparatus of security so that they don't seem to see, except for the information that they pay for. They don't really seem to get a sense of what's happening on the ground or the changes that are taking place, the flux that is constant in society. So you have, sorry, you have focusing on that and how the corridors of power have been insulated from what is happening on the streets. You have also talked about, when you talk about 2007, how the perception amongst the Kashmiris was that the militancy has receded. But the Indian authorities failed to respond to that. And the counterinsurgency measures still continued. And how that also played into the growing resentment in this generation as well, which is now- The fearless generation was also more resentful because there is a certain inertia in government.  And maybe at that stage, when the decision is taken, that is required. But there is an inertia in terms of going back to that and saying, do we need this anymore? And there's a sense, and I've noted this in this book, of everyone in authority, or most people in authority, and I'm sure there are very honorable exceptions, but by and large, people in authority tend to look at their one year or two years or three years in that position before they get transferred to look after wind power or railways or something else. So their intention is to make sure that nothing goes wrong during their time so that they don't get blamed. The result is that this inertia that I spoke of becomes much stronger. Nobody wants to take that risk of removing the kinds of security apparatus that is already in place. I have noted that Mr. Chidambaram, when he was home minister, after the uprising of 2010, did take some steps to remove some of the bunkers and other kinds of apparatus. But it was already a little late. The anger and the resentment that had built up from around 2007 had already taken some roots, and not enough was done thereafter. And as you know, Mr. Chidambaram was removed and another person was brought in as home minister, and then Afzal Guru was hanged and the whole situation took another turn. People seem to not have enough of a consciousness of reactions on the ground. The point that I've tried to make is that security forces and governments tend to measure the situation by statistics, and that doesn't tell the story. Statistics about how many killed, how many in the field, how many estimated to be militants, how many forces killed, how many encounters, that doesn't tell the entire story. And particularly in a time when stone pelting became so common that in 2010, for example, and 2016, there were perhaps hundreds of thousands at a time out on the street on certain days, certainly tens of thousands. So your statistics of so many hundred or so many killed or so many bullets fired, et cetera, doesn't really cover the situation, or help you take decisions that are required in that situation. We also talked about how the state failed to notice the reasons of the anger that was different in 2008, different in 2010, different in 2016, how in 2008. People still wanted the rule of law to prevail, but that changed in 2016. And people were against the entire idea of the state itself, of India. And why also 2007, the factors, the things that happened after 2007 played into this. And now moving on to fundamentalism and how these things probably fueled Islamic fundamentalism, we also talked about in the beginning right now, how the global attack on Islam, so to speak, has fueled narratives in Kashmir of this. The perception of global oppression. Yeah, of this Islamic solidarity. So can you tell us more about this rise in fundamentalism and why this is happening in this generation today? I've also talked about in this book, the role that social media has played, that videos and narratives and discourses are televangelism and a lot of narratives and discourses on social media. And a lot of them are video images or just photographs that tend to promote a certain kind of thinking. And that radicalization, which has had the maximum effect on the young, on school children, today's teenagers and even more so I would say pre-teens. And this is something that should be very worrying. My sense is that those in charge of policy making, running various arms of the state, still seem to be pretty much sanguine that they can handle the situation. But what they're failing to see is that the very young, even pre-teens, are getting more and more radicalized in both political and religious terms. So the result of that is the combination, the intertwining of political and religious radicalization means that there is a rejection of with the very concept of nation state, the very concept of democracy. Forget about boycotting one election or another. So it goes far deeper. And that is the sort of radicalization that has occurred, partly as a result of narratives about the global war on terror and what has been happening in Iraq and Afghanistan and other places. Also narratives and videos and other material of the Islamic state produced by them. And also dovetailing with the kinds of videos and photographs and other material that has been spread about the local situation, including the pellet gun victims. And that again shows the sort of inadequacy of adequate thought in decision making. That pellet guns were meant to be non-lethal ways of crowd control. But a lot of young Kashmiris compare it with the use of water cannons in other states in very, very agitated situations and see it as a measure of bad intent for with regard to Kashmiris or with regard to Muslims. And this is the sort of narrativization which the state just doesn't take account of. And also the sort of attacks on Muslims happening in the other parts of the country, the mob lynchings, the cow vigilantes, which is also fueling the resentment. Yes, a particular incident that took place in Udampur in 2015 in which a truck was burned. I think the crowd that did it didn't even realize that this was done at night, that there was a young man sleeping in the truck at that stage and he was burned and died as a result. And he belonged to the Kashmir Valley. I think it was Shopean district. And when his body was brought back, it was that also made a lot of impact and people failed to see the effect of these sorts of things. It has a tremendous multiplier effect and each of these various strands that I've talked of, the international discourses, they discourses about these sorts of things on a national scale, what has been happening at the local level with regard to pellet guns, et cetera, all of these intertwine and strengthen each other. Also, another thing you mentioned, I remember in the book, is that how this idea of an Islamic state basically meant for the youth some sort of order in these conditions, in these very chaotic conditions and where the administration is failing with its widespread corruption. They saw it as something which would perhaps bring some order and some sort of peace in their lives. Justice, in fact. Justice. A lot of, you see, the videos that we tend to see, and this is one of the problems of social media, that there has been studies done on this that have shown that social media tends to lead to echo chambers, that you're seeing what people like you are seeing and you're connected with people who think like you and other kinds of people are connected with their kind of thinking, people who think similarly. Now, the kinds of videos and narratives that we have heard about Islamic state are very often very horrifying, but a lot of the kinds of material that may be available to young people in places like this might glorify Islamic state and that kind of caliphate as being divinely ordained and therefore it's just very simple thinking. Something that is divinely ordained must obviously be good and therefore must be something that as a system of governance would end corruption, would end exploitation, would lead to everybody getting their share of whatever needs to be given to them and justice and lack of any kind of oppression. This is the impression that a lot of people get and it's not very well thought out very often. In fact, I've included in the book in one of the chapters, I don't know if you noticed that there's a chapter that contains data from a survey that we conducted across 60 plus schools and colleges and a couple of madarsahs in the valley, right across the valley and we found that in the course of the questionnaire, it used to take about an hour to fill the questionnaire and I was insistent that we needed to make it a qualitative survey because we didn't want to give options because those options tend to be what we think they might want to say yes or no to. So we left blank spaces for each student to answer whatever they felt. In one part of the questionnaire, we asked what kind of system of governance would you like, democratic or sharia based or what kind of laws would you like, those sorts of questions and I was surprised at the number of students who at that stage and this was three or four years ago said democratic and sharia. And in another part of the survey, very far away so that the questions didn't seem to be linked, we asked do you think a person who steals should have their hands chopped off or do you think the punishment for adultery should be stoning to death and a very large proportion said no. So these were not the ways in which they perceived sharia law is what I'm saying. Whereas a lot of people in the West tend to see sharia law in these terms. So it's also important to see how, what certain words, certain narratives, certain phrases mean to people there. And there the state often goes wrong so that when you're talking about non-lethal weapons, the state seems to, the people who run the state seem to think that's very good and so it will be positively received. In fact, it's been more negative, the pellet guns. And we also talk about the failures of the police and the widespread corruption in the police. Even in the use of pellet guns, how the failure of proper training really leads to them not targeting the protesters on their feet but instead aiming on their faces and chests which leads to fatalities. It's going to tell us more about the conditions in the police today and the sort of hatred which has grown in Kashmir against the police forces in particular. Corruption is not just the police, it's widespread. And so there's been corruption by politicians, by bureaucrats, by police. The thing that we tend to not realize when we talk about a conflict situation like Kashmir is that either we valorize the police as defending the country against terrorists or we put them down as being collaborators or some such. We fail to see the fact that police forces in different states act similarly and also in Kashmir. The only thing is that the consequences are far more dangerous in a place like Kashmir in terms of the way they are perceived. The other thing is that I would say in fact that the Jammu and Kashmir police is today far, far more professional than many other police forces. But the perceptions about corruption and exploitation and repression and the brutality in which young people experience their treatment by the police is what dominates their minds. So the professionalism may not be seen or may not be our top of mind. It's the corruption and what is perceived as brutalization that is perceived as top of mind. And we noticed in the survey, in fact, this was quite surprising to many of us who were conducting the survey that there was tremendous anger at that stage against the CRPF, which again has improved and been professionalized to a large extent since then. Also against the police, there was much less rage against the army. And in fact, majority of the students at that stage, because the army was not even active, actively involved with crowd control or any of such. And as I've pointed out, militancy was down to almost negligible levels. In 2006, seven, eight, and then a new militancy has come up in 2009, 10, where the army has only become involved with countering this new militancy after about 2015. So when we conducted this survey, the army was largely confined to camps. And so the majority of students at that stage saw the army as a force that is here for our security or for protection or those sorts of things which were relatively positive things to say. And even those who saw the army in negative light didn't use the strong language. As I said, we left it open for students to say what they wanted to about each of these forces. And the kinds of language they used, for some of them used, for the police and for the CRPF, was extremely strong, was sometimes abusive, with regard to the army never saw at that stage. So finally moving on to this current, not current, this perception has been there since this insurgency began that Pakistan is what is responsible for fueling the rage in Kashmir. But how you have talked about in the book that Pakistan alone could not have done this. It is really the Indian actions that fuel the anger and that Pakistan could have only in ways supported it. So can you tell us about that? Well, one of the points that I've made in the book is that this kind of insurgency or whatever you might call it, is the always has been for many decades now. The result of two factors operating together. One is the anger and alienation and resentment of common people on the ground. And the second is the aid and abatement and whatever kinds of support that Pakistan provides. In this case, my sense is that 2008 Pakistan was not involved. Pakistan, if you remember, was involved in a drenching regime change in 2008. By 2010, when there was another uprising on the streets, it seems to me that Pakistan got involved at least halfway through in coordinating things. And certainly in supporting the new militancy, although the new militancy has had a large number of young Kashmiris from the ground, largely from South Kashmir, but most of them belong to Hezboor Mujahideen, Lashkar-e-Tahiba, Jai-Shem-Mohammad and a few other groups, Al-Badr, et cetera, that are based in Pakistan or are very strongly controlled from Pakistan. There have been recently some reports of persons who are from groups committed to the IS, kind of ISIS sort of caliphate thinking. But that seems to be a small minority. The large numbers, although they comprise both Pakistanis and Kashmiris. By the second half of the 90s, it really was to a large extent a proxy war to the extent that most of those who were carrying on the militancy in Kashmir were Pakistanis or Afghans or from elsewhere. So there was a sort of international jihad going on. And many of the Kashmiris who were involved in it in the militancy were acting as supporters, in supportive roles. But on the 1st of January this year, there was a major militant suicide attack on a camp that was right along the highway at Avanti Pura, which was successful and those people were killed. It was meant to be a suicide attack. So from their point of view, it was successful. But it was a very bold attack. The sort that Kashmiri youth were not engaged in during the 90s. So my sense is that Pakistan is very much involved with coordinating. There are many Pakistanis who are involved in the groups themselves. A large number of Pakistanis and others have infiltrated across the line of control since at least 2014. And this is a new wave of infiltration. And they are participating to some extent. My sense is that a lot of the Pakistanis and other foreigners are lurking, are like sleeper cells, waiting for some signal to move forward in a bigger way. So my fear is that the worst is yet to come. But again, even they can just capitalize on the resentment which is already present in the Kashmiris. Absolutely. They won't be able to really continue this. And that is where the state has failed from the opportunity that there was tremendous hope and positivity among young Kashmiris in the middle of the previous decade. Partly as a result of the great faith they had in Mr. Vajpayee's efforts to make peace. With Pakistan and with the Huryat Conference and with Kashmiris at large, there was a tremendous sense of trust that Mr. Vajpayee meant well and was going to bring some kind of peace. In fact, in 2005, 2006, I have noted that there were young people who were declaring openly and very proudly that they were Indian and they were even arguing with their siblings or with their cousins in front of a television during an India-Pakistan match. Some would be supporting Tanulkar and the Indian team and others may be supporting another team, but there was that sense which the Indian state was not able to build upon. In fact, from about 2007 on, there's been a decline and it's been a decline that was visible but was not taken seriously. And it's only after about 2016 that the Indian state became conscious of things having gotten out of hand or going out of hand. And I think it still is a little less concerned than it ought to be. So finally, David, what has been the reception to your book in Kashmir and outside Kashmir? How are people responding? Well, I am very gratified because when I began to write this book, my purpose was and remains to try and build bridges of understanding because unless we understand what the issues are, what the problems are, what people perceive, how people think and what they are saying, it's impossible to come up with sensible responses and ways in which to handle it. I am very gratified that people in authority in very senior positions, also people on the ground, young Kashmiris, have both liked this book. That it's reached out to a very large part of the spectrum of opinions and responses to Kashmir. One of the chapters in this book actually deals with how opinions and narratives and responses to Kashmir have become so polarized. That chapter is called Hateful Polarization. It's about how whether you have even in the media or in public discourse, either very, very negative or very, very positive or there are mirror images, in fact, of black and white narrow vision opinions about the current situation in Kashmir. And what I'm gratified about is that young Kashmiris have several of them said to me, one said that this is like I was reading my life story. Another said this is a book that I wish that I could have written. And during the past few weeks, I've also come across people in very important positions of authority over the past few years or currently who have said this has been very useful. This is very useful learning. We can understand things which we didn't realize earlier. So from that point of view, I am very happy and gratified that it has been a very difficult exercise to find out and to live in very dangerous and difficult circumstances to be able to do this research. But I'm happy that it has been able to reach out to persons across the spectrum, which is so important. Because we're living in an age in which more and more we are getting divided. And have very, very single-minded ideas, very singular, non-nuanced ideas about others. And it's very important that we reach out and understand. Thank you for joining us today. And thank you for watching this clip. Thank you.


I'm Christina Lorge. I'm the Associate Vice President of Student Success for the Wisconsin Technical College System. Student success is helping an individual student achieve the goals that they've set out to achieve. And that could be a degree, it could be some brush up on some skills, it could be taking some courses that help them advance in their workplace. But I really focus on what success is for an individual person. It's powerful when you get to do that kind of work where somebody is able to support their family, they're able to have purpose and meaning in the work that they do, and it literally is transformative work. I've been in an education my entire career. It actually started when I was an RA at the University of Wisconsin-Houclair, so at I think 19 years old it was my first experience with higher education with Student Affairs, and then I had the opportunity to work at one of our technical colleges for seven years, working with students success and retention. One of my first weeks on the job, I got to sit and listen to the stories of our nursing students at the nursing pitting ceremony, and I just sat there and cried. It was so remarkable to hear their individual journeys and what that degree was going to mean to them and their families. And right there at that moment I was like this is it for me, this is where I want to be. I'm passionate about what I do because I love seeing the transformation that happens, and that's the transformation with our individual students but as well as our communities. It's been a remarkable place to work and to work alongside with people who have the same vision and values that you have. I love what I do, I love who I get to work with, and again seeing that transformation that happens, and the progress that we make. It's joyful work.


Today, we're fishing 100-year-old lures for pond monsters. And even though these lures were 100 years old, these bass still couldn't resist them. Here goes the Topwater only 100-year-old lure edition. We have not filmed a video like this on the channel before, so I'm pretty pumped about it. We have a whole tackle box right here filled with 100-year-old lures. Get the boy, Fletcher. What's going on? Let me see what we got. And then we got Tara in the back.   Dude, I think I'm gonna tie this frog on right here and I'm gonna catch a 10-pounder. This thing, this thing, if I can get it untangled, looks like it could probably catch a 10-pounder. That thing is gnarly looking at it. Dude, that thing is looking spicy. So this is actually a frog lure we've used it a few times before, but it actually doesn't sit on the surface. It goes kind of a little bit below. You can't pop it. Like it'll float. It's like supposed to be a crankbait. If you just kind of let it float and just like jerky, you can definitely fish it. Keep it up on top of the water. Yeah, that's pretty slick though. It's just crazy how these lures have adapted and been into the sum of the baits that we have today. Before we get deeper into this video, only 27% of you all watching these videos are actually subscribed. So if you could take the time, hit the subscribe button. Really helps the channel. I'd appreciate it. Let's go ahead and go through some of these. So we got the frog, obviously. We got this bait up here, which is very interesting. The sombrero popper. Yeah, the sombrero popper. So it looks like just a standard walking bait, like a standard spook.  So it's pretty much just a popper, but it looks like a walking bait. These right here are actually crankbaits. I'm not gonna be throwing this today because I'm only throwing topwater. Maybe Fletcher end up cheating later on in the video or something and throwing those a little bit. This one, I don't really know what it is. We haven't fished with this one yet. I think it's some sort of a popper. We have a rat right here, which is very interesting. This thing actually walks very well. That's a 100 year old rat, which is pretty crazy. And then we got the prop bait, which is kind of like a whopper popper or a patroller. Pretty much a prop bait though. I wouldn't really consider it like a whopper popper just because of the two props on the front. I have no idea what the, Fletcher, what even is this? Could you- I think it's some kind of like jerkbait or crankbait. It's missing a hook, but I'm pretty sure- It looks like a banana. I mean, it is an interesting shape. And then the last bait we have is like a, is that a jerkbait Fletch? I'm gonna call it a jerkbait. It kind of looks like a pike, doesn't it? Like the front of it looks identical to a baby pike. So we've got a bunch of different baits in here today. We're gonna be rocking with them guys. I'm gonna be throwing only the topwater. We're all gonna start with only the topwater. And like I said, Fletcher might cheat towards the end of the day and show you all that. Dude, I ain't cheating. So yeah, we're gonna go ahead and hop into this, get out on the boats. We're gonna be running a little challenge today though. Boys and girls, what do you think we're gonna be running? Big fish? Big fish, smallest fish. You probably want that one. Dude, listen, I think we're gonna have to rock with the big fish. We actually got a scale somewhere. Yeah, we got a scale down there. Fletcher has a scale in his boat. So that's what we're gonna be doing. Well, let's go ahead and tie these baits on her rods, get out to this beautiful lake and try to catch some of these big topwater bass today. You ready? I'm ready. Give me a knuckle touch, man. Even though we're going against each other, you gotta give me a knuckle touch. All right, I got my money on Tara. Yeah, she's probably gonna, she caught us almost a seven pounder last time. She's been on a big fished hair. She has. Well, let's go ahead and get these boats in the water guys and get to fishing. I'm gonna give this a snip and I'm gonna need you to hand me one of them prop baits. And I want a sombrero bait. Give me that thing. You want this one? You want to try the banana lure? Just kind of see what it is. Can I try that? You can try both of them.  And if you need anything else, we'll meet up on the water. Tara wants a pop reaction. Okay, she's gonna start off with sombrero. I'm just gonna toss it right there, Tara. Oh, okay. I think I'm gonna start off with a rat, dude. A rat. I don't know who thought a good idea would be to put rope next to a treble hook, but yeah, that's the only annoying part. All right, boys, we're ready for liftoff. Oh, ratatouille. I guess we go and start off with the Mr. Rats. And this thing right here, you would be surprised with how this thing moves. So like I can walk the dog with that puppy. By the way, we're gonna pair this up on my Kicking Their Bass TV Exluse combo. If you guys want to check them out, KickingTheBass.com, it'll be linked down below. I appreciate everybody who's been supporting me and the brand. It really means a lot. Tara's actually gonna be rocking her Kicking One as well, but it is a spinning combo. So, let's go ahead and get after it. I'm gonna put my line up my eyelids, tie this puppy on, and get to work. I think we're gonna smoke them. I think Mr. Rat might do the dang big fish. All right, guys, we're gonna tie this up with a little uni knot, Mcuni. Pretty simple. Kind of looks like a frog. Yeah. Oh man, it's kicking. I haven't seen a kicking combo in a minute. We've been filming with a bunch of different stuff. See how the hook's already in the dang string? It's gonna cause a little problem today, but we're not gonna let it stop us. Shoot. Oh my God. Took my rod in the water there. Trying not to do that again. I think what we're gonna do is just kind of this. It's kind of rip. Yeah, it throws water up like that. Ooh. You aren't ready for the fish I'm about to catch on this thing. There we go. We're on first, baby. That's what I'm talking about. Cranked it too. What a fish, man. What a fish. I don't know if Noah talked about this at all yet, but the barbs on these hooks are crazy, guys. This is not a easy hook to get out. Let's see what the damage is. Oh no. Oh no. Okay. Well, hopefully that doesn't come back to bite me. I think we're good. All right, guys. Well, that just means we're just gonna have to catch another one. It's gonna be probably about 10 casts. Yeah, that tail is horrendous. I don't wanna like defeat the purpose of the rat and cut off his tail, but I do think we should chip off a good portion of it.  Maybe that won't get hung up, you know what I mean? I chopped his tail in half. Just maybe that'll be a little better. Feels like it's even running better now. All right, guys. We're gonna fish offshore for a moment. So I'm actually gonna cut this rat off at the time being.   I'll say we go with the prop bait. Definitely wanted to throw this today and that is what Flutcher ended up getting his fish on, which just looks saucy. So with all of these baits, I feel like this prop bait is definitely the most like proven bait that people still use out of this design. We're gonna have to vary or retrieve and see what they want today. Oh yeah. Oh yeah. I feel like we might not get a ton of bites, but the bites we do get are gonna be insane. Gotta be very gentle. I feel like this thing when it hits the water, it's so obnoxious. There we go. He ate it. Oh my God. He freaking came up giant, Tara.  Did you see his hole? That was, that was a good, oh, he's, oh, there he is. Tara, Tara. He's under me still. Oh my gosh. It's a big one too. That was the most insane bite. I've had in a long time. He freaking followed it out. Oh my gosh. I literally saw him going under it. Barely hooked. Barely hooked. Here we go, here we go. Oh my gosh. This fish is so aggressive. Here we go. That's a good four pounder, baby. Oh my gosh. That is a freaking mega boys. Let's go, baby. That was one of the craziest eats I've had probably in a couple of years. That was just crazy, man. It was one of the craziest little moments right there. He missed it that second time and I could see him under it still. I saw his whole like shadow underneath the bait. There we go. Hey, that 100 year old hook right there, Tara. That 100 year old hook had him. See what we got. This might be close to four pounds, if not four. Three pounds, 13 ounces. Look at that. That's a good one right there, boys. He came up, made that 100 year old prop bait.  There we go, boys. First fish for me of the day. Now Tara just gotta get on board a 313, almost a four pound bass on the prop bait. There he goes. Beautiful. Couldn't have been a better release, give me some. That was insane. One, I called the fish, I threw, and the moment I threw the bait up there, you could just see his mouth come up and try to eat it. Totally missed it. Threw back in there, was working it out. The fish just slammed it. Totally missed it. And you could tell he was still interested because I could see a shadow below the bait and he just came up and destroyed it. Well, there we go, boys. We're on board and Fletcher got one. I don't know what else is going on with him. He's in a whole different boat. Let's keep it going, boys. Maybe we'll hold onto the lead 313. Definitely bigger than Fletcher's, you know why? See, he dropped his dang fish in the lake. He didn't even get a dang weight on. I always say this on these videos where we're fishing just different baits. So I got this 100 year old prop bait. How would you guys be working it? Leave your feedback down below. I'm curious just to see how you guys would work this bait. Like for me, I just want to rip the prop bait and let it sit and let it pause.  Would you guys sit there and rip it, let it pause a lot longer than what I'm doing, work it faster? How would you guys work it? Let me know in the comment section down below. Get him, Tare. You got him? Yeah, he's on there. Baby? Ah, he's running with it. He's totally on there. Not a bad one. Not a bad one. Ah! He's off. Good try, good try. You just got whatever gone in. Bomber. Dang. All right, boys and girls, I had a new pond. I don't know. We had to itch to be like, let's move locations. So that is exactly what we're doing now. You ready, ma'am? Are you ready? I'm ready. You ready? Okay. All right, boys and girls. We don't throw the dang proper. Topper. We're just a little bit. And then I'm probably going to pick up my dang ratatouille. I don't know what to expect in here. I really don't. But all I know is the last time that we fish this place, they were on fire. I just don't know if these fish are shut off, man. Or they just don't like it.  Well, we're going to go around and fish this dang pond and hopefully we'll end up smoking some, some large one.  Oh, baby. Dude, I straight up popped her one time and it was just done. That's all she wrote. Let's get it, baby.  That was quick. Look at how she ate that 100 year old prop bait. Love the freaking seeds. All right, that was on the board of the new pond. We got to make it happen here, guys. We got to make it happen. Got to make something happen here.  Sounds like Fletcher just had a bite. This place might be on fire, guys. Last spot, I just think the top water wasn't it. So when in doubt, move ponds. Thank you, baby. You were a beautiful two pounder. There she goes. That was the easiest bite I've ever had. I mean, I just straight up popped it once and it was just done. That was literally it. Maybe we'll throw it a little bit longer and then we'll switch to the rat. I literally threw it in there, did that and she just came up and ate it. Like in this dock we're coming up on here. Taking my time. Ooh. Oh no, did I get in the grass? Please don't have grass all over it. No. There was a little patch. Grass I can see in the back, doesn't matter. Still got him, still got him. Oh, no, did he come off? No, no. The grass monster got the best of me. That's really unfortunate, guys.  All right, guys, I think I'm gonna cut off the prob bait. Tara might throw this. I want her to get on board here. And this bait's been getting a good bit of bites. I'm gonna actually go back to the rat, guys. I gotta catch a fish on the rat. I will not feel accomplished today if we don't get one on the rat. So we're gonna tie this up and get to work, start walking this thing, kind of like a little frog. I think we should get bit pretty quick on it, I would think. I've had two bites on that prob bait. Fletcher's had a couple bites, so they're biting in here a lot better than that, lastly. Just a little tiny mouse, hopping down the branch. This rat oddly walks better than any frog I've ever put on, guys. Like, actually, he walks so clean. Like, it's so easy to walk when you barely twitch your rod and this whole thing just shooting around. Walks so good. Oh, got one. Oh, not a good one? There you go, Tara. Hey, I'm on the board, let's go. There you go. First fish for Tara. You gotta land them, be careful with them. You can just grab the line, just grab the line. Just grab the line. I wanna go home.   No giving up around here, girl. Oh, yes, red bass! Red bass! Oh, it's a nice one! There we go. Oh, he choked my rat. He choked me, ratatouille. Oh, it's a ratatouille. Oh, yeah, you like the rat. Oh, yeah, you know, it has a dang long bass. Holy mother of pearl.  Do you think he wanted it? Because I think he wanted it. Definitely not gonna go over 313, but that was an awesome eat and I'm glad I got to get one on the rat, guys. I was really wanting a rat bass right now. Maybe he didn't destroy it, but he straight up choked it, man. Beautiful bass, right there. We're actually gonna measure for this online tournament I just started fishing on the last five days of the tournament. It's never too late to start, eh? Never too late to start. See where she goes. She's so long. This actually goes by length and not weight. She's 18 and a quarter. Thank you for biting, baby. She's bleeding a good bit. I don't even know where that blood came from. She got her gill just slightly. Thank you for biting, baby. All right, guys, well, that is our first fish on the 100-year-old rat. That is just awesome. It is honestly so crazy for me to think about two guys that back then, they were literally thinking about throwing rat lures. There we go. Yeah. Not a bad one. Not a bad one at all. Come on in here, son. Got us one, guys. Finally broke the streak of not being able to hook up with a dang fish. A lot of bites, not a lot of hookups. Come here.  Now, relax, relax, relax, relax. Thank you. We'll throw you on the scale. You know you're smaller than the first fish we got on the boat, but probably a pound. We failed away the last one, so we need to get something on the board here. Just don't, don't you start doing that. Don't you start doing that. Relax, some massage. One pound, 12 ounces. Not too shabby. I appreciate the nibble there, bud. Off she goes. We finally broke the curse of not being able to hook up with a dang fish. Now we just gotta prove that we can beat Noah with it. And I think he's sitting in close to four pounds with a fish he caught in the last pond. So we got some work to do. We're about two pounds shy. Oh, there we go.  It's not a bad one at all. They just come up and literally kiss the rat. This one didn't choke it like the last one, but he ate it pretty good. Oh my, oh my goodness. Look at that. That's a skinny bass. Look at his mouth. Such a skinny fish. You just had the rat by the back hook. Look how long and skinny these bass are, guys. Not big by any means, but just lengthy fish. Thank you, baby. That's our second fish on the rat. They seem to be eating it pretty good. Haven't got to throw it here too long, but the bites that I've had, they're at least eating it and they're not short striking it. The one thing with this rat compared to maybe the prop bait, they're just eating it super soft. Like you barely even see him blow up on it. You just kind of see your rat disappear and they're on there. Oh yeah.  Boom by the beam. We on the board. We on the board. That looks like an upgrade. Shoot, got her in the boat. Long and skinny. Only she had a little bit of girth on her. She was filled out. We'd be talking. Two pounds, one ounce, a little bit of an upgrade. Take everything we can get. We ain't coming in last. I ain't trying to get last place here today. Thank you for the bite, baby. Shoot. Oh my gosh. Is that a big one? I didn't see it. It's just taking off. Oh, I got him hooked in the belly. I got him hooked in the freaking melon actually. Oh, sorry buddy. Here, let me softly bring you in. I don't want to hurt you.  No wonder you felt big. I like looked away for two seconds and I actually heard him blow up. I didn't see how he ate it, but I did hear him blow up. Buddy, you got a rat in your gill. There's a snake in my boat. I got a rat in my gill. I thought he was going to be a big one at first. Yeah, no, it felt so large and it happened to just not be. Here we go. Honestly guys, most beautiful markings on a bass. Just pretty, not big, only about a pound and a half. Beautiful lateral line, beautiful colors. That's a nice fish. Thank you, Bubba. He's a lot healthier than the other ones we've hooked. All right, you know what? We have not done yet today. I think Ratatouille has proven that he is a killer and he is definitely at the top of my list of the 100 year old lures. I don't know. Probably it's pretty good too, but Ratatouille just has a personality. We're going to rig up this frog lure now. Looks saucy and juicy and smoothy. I don't know if that's a word, but that's just what it looks like. So we're going to tie this puppy on and get to work. I'm curious because Fletcher said this is more like a crankbait, but we can definitely work it like a topwater. All right, let's look at the action here. Oh, it is like a crankbait. No, I see what you're saying Fletch. Like you can just barely reel it and it keeps it at the top of the water like a topwater. So I can either do a crankbait frog or I can keep it like a topwater. I like that. Yeah, so guys when I reel it, it's like a crankbait, but it really doesn't want to like crank in a straight line. It's kind of all over the place, going zigzag flipping upside down. But if I throw it out there just like this and I kind of give it just one little pop and it just kind of darts and it floats right back up to the top. Then I pop it again. It kind of looks good. I think we can get one to come up and eat this. Hopefully. If not, we might have to try something else. I did at least want to try this frog out today because it is pretty interesting. I don't know about the frog tog. I just, I really don't guys. I'm not feeling it. It's not really a topwater. I was hoping the frog tog would. I at least thought we should have tried it out. You know, we had to at least give the frog, the frog tog eat a shot just to let him prove himself, but he didn't really prove nothing to me. With that being said, we're going to put him back in the box. I don't know if this is a topwater or not. I really don't. It looks like what you would think would be a popper, but I don't know. It might kind of run under the water. So we're going to tie this on and just try it out real quick. I think it might be worth a shot.  I'm sorry, but it's definitely a popper. I don't know where Fletcher thought in his head that that was a jerk bait, but look at that. That's probably the best bait of them all. Little did we know. That's fired, dude. Tara, he's coming. Tara, move it, move it, move it. What are you doing? He's there. Tara, pop it. He's right there. Tara, pop it, Tara, pop it. Oh my God. He's still there. Now go back and forth, do like a figure eight. Is he still following it? Oh my goodness. That was crazy. He thought I had me lose my mind. Oh my gosh. No. Guys, I don't know if you saw on the GoPro, but Tara missed that fish on the hook set and then he just literally was following it and he put his nose all the way up on it. I think if he popped it just a little sooner. Oh my gosh, that's a big one. That's a monster that might be the biggest one today on the new Topwater. Oh my gosh. Okay, he ain't gonna beat that other one, but that's a solid three pounder. Oh my gosh, guys. He's freeing this lure. I think we found the official king master of the 100 year old lures. This bait right here is legit, man. It looks so good. It honestly looks better than some of the modern poppers I've used. The action of this thing is insane. And that fish did not disappoint. That was an insane bite. I'm glad we tied this guy on. I wish we were throwing him earlier. We probably could have had a lot of bites at the other lake. That's a close to three pound fish. Probably a high two pounder realistically. That was an awesome bite, man. Oh my gosh. Guys, this Topwater is by far the best one I've used yet. I got a gator chasing my bait. It's just so juicy. It even attracts the gators. This thing is legit. Oh, that was a strike and a half. Oh, you. Oh, you. We on. We on.  Did you see that blow up? Destroyed on the surface. This qualifies in my book. Boom. Let's get these hooks out of you, honey. Barely hooked. Oh my gosh. That thing came right out. Get a weight on you. Don't wiggle. Don't wiggle. Two pounds, five ounces. Bam. Slowly moving up the leaderboards. Thanks, honey. Oh, there we go. There we go. Got one just cranking it there. Oh, golly. Look at that.  Come here, sharky. Boom. Oh, not gonna call. I appreciate the bite there. Got a little guy though. Not a bad one. Back to back cast on the crank. Oh, yeah. All right, now we're talking. Now we're talking. It's smaller though. And she's a floppy girl. And we're gonna keep on moving. Run out of time. Gotta take the lead from Noah. The speed, guys, as much as I've really actually, let me throw like two more of it. I'm gonna throw a couple more casts with it. Yeah, I'm gonna pass it on to Tara, because I think this is... Oh, dangle, dangle, dangle. Oh, oh, that's a bluegill. That's a freak. That was the biggest bluegill. I'm gonna give it to Tara, guys. See if she can smoke a giant on it, because she is the queen of poppers. Last time she was throwing one, she caught her PB, almost seven pounds. So we're gonna give this one to Tara. Let her give it a go. She might be able to catch some good fish on it, but this bait is definitely enticed to the fish way more than any of the other baits that we throw today. As much as it breaks my heart. I need all the help I can get today. It just needs to go. So sad day. Take your time. There you go. Yes, you got him. What's that? Keep the pressure. Oh, it's a nice one, dude. There you go. That was a nice one. Oh my gosh. That's a good one. All right, let's land this puppy. Yes, you got to land it. Keep the pressure going. Just grab the line. You just had to cheer me on. I'm glad to know that's what I was waiting for you to cheer me. You're going to have to beat two pounds, five ounces to beat me. So what you're saying is I might have won. Probably. I think your first fish definitely secured the dub. That's a good one. You might have pressure on that one. I don't know. He is a little skinny. Tara's got to beat two, five. Oh, two pounds even. Good job. You got one. Oh yeah. There he goes. Oh yeah. That was an awesome bite. Had to be patient All the coolest bites I've had on the probate all day, guys. Not a big one too. It's probably one of my smallest, definitely my smallest one. Smallest one had the dang coolest blow up, but he ate it. Thank you for the blow up. Here we go. Pretty little fish. Oh, it's a nice one. Keep him down. Oh, that's a big one. The mouth is big. Oh, I know. He's like skinny. Oh my God. He's so long.   Tara, that is the longest fish. I think you might beat Fletcher's with that.  I'm telling you that fish should be every bit of four pounds, but he's the skinniest thing. Here we go. Oh my God, it beat him. Two, seven. You beat Fletcher's weight. That is amazing.


Hello there! This is Squeaks from the new Transformers film The Last Night. He's super cute and he just loves to help you and be your friend. He likes to say Chihuahua a lot. Chihuahua!  He loves this song and this song. He's one of the good guys and even though he needs a little repairing, he'll protect you till the end. He's now in battle mode and he looks pretty bad. He's shooting but he still has time for a dance. No more fighting, back to happy.


Hello, everyone. Today, our team will give you some introduction about Xandmobile software and half the very integrated portable cloud platform test system. Our team, Zhiqiang, Yu, Zhang Xiaoguang, and Ma Qifeng, and Zhang Jiaqiang will give you some of this introduction. This is our team. We are from CMCC. And our team is dedicated to spot large-scale CMCC cloud network construction. Zhang, Yu, Zhiqiang, will give you some introduction about our team. OK. Good morning. Good afternoon. We are from Xandmobile. Xiaoguang Zhang worked as a cloud architecture in Xandmobile research and development Now is the team leader of our technical cloud integration team. Jiaqiang works in Xandmobile research institute focusing on automated tools development, also participated in some open source projects like CNTT's AI and RC. Xifeng is also from our technical integrated team. He has been in our team for many years working on an FV cloud hardware integration work. I am the open source program manager from Xandmobile. I'm responsible for open source strategies and project management. Now, let Xiaoguang introduce the first part of our topic. OK. Our cloud resource pool have a great challenge to the traditional integration. Because as you know, Xandmobile has completed several phases of private cloud and telecom cloud construction. The telecom cloud has been constructed with a scale of tens of thousands of servers. As you see, the balancer as below. At the left, it is cloud. Cloud has features about the server quality is great. And the render quantity is also great. And so let me say to have the large scale multi-wander. But at the right side, it is some tools. As you know, the traditional integration, that means the long cycle, more areas. The process impacted the temporary site communication and the manual configuration and the manual sampling. That means the tools is not very good for our integration. So this is our, so we will face great challenges during our integration work. Here's about some detailed information about our integration constructions. First one is more vendors. For the integration, it will lead to the integration more difficulty. In this problem, there are several subproblems. First one is lack of unified integration steps. And the integration information barriers. And the integrator have weak control over multi-manufactures. And the tool is the large scale of integration in efficient. There are also some subproblems. The first one is layered decoupling requires inspection layer by layer. Second one is lack of automation. And then lack of fighting process control. Last one is difficult to maintain and clean a large amount of data. All these subproblems will result in the three points. One is standard operation procedure. The second one is standard data. The third one is tool automation. All of these three points will lead to our auto solutions. That means we will use our auto solutions to deal with all these problems. So next slide. My colleague, Xi Feng, will give you some detailed information about our auto solutions. Hello, everyone. So what can auto solution do? Auto is a name of China Mobile automatic integration tool. It is with the ability of the automation from the design, integration, test, and the acceptance of the resource pool. We use the tool to continuously improve the level of automation. And we divide the integration into hardware and software in a hardware stage. When the equipment arrived, we will use the automatic tool auto to do the automatic data, automatic configuration, and test. Also, we will do some automatic analysis of the test result until the delivery and acceptance will be satisfied by the demand side. And also, the software integration will be used by the auto in all the process. So we satisfy with the auto, but we also face the new challenges in the use of the auto. The first challenge is on-site auto deployment cost. The integration is a lot of site operation. High labor cost and low efficiency. So a remote automatic integration is needed to deploy test software upgrade. And the second challenge is more cloud resource pool means more repetitive operations. And we all know the cloud integration involves many components, whether it's under heavy workloads. And when the sites increase, the deployment and the implementation will be repetitive. And so we propose a pre-installed software and hardware integrated in delivery mode. It is called software and hardware integrated portable cloud platform test system. And the system architecture includes hardware and software. And we simplified, described the three steps about this. The first step is install the OS based on the hardware. And the hardware needs to have a wireless or Wi-Fi plug-in. And the second step is deploy the auto based on the OS. And the operation system needs to configure some network or wireless configuration to remote the service from another region. And then we will use the auto to provide services to others. And the first thing is we will select a hardware to expect our requirement. According to the requirement of cloud resource pools, for scale, easy reuse or remote control, the following description will be required. The first one is science requirements. It is not only should be easy to carry, but also dust proof and shock proof. It should be installed in any position. And the second requirement is high performance requirements, such as CPU. A high performance computing requirements is needed in the large scale of the resource pool. And it will be required a computing power at any time. Also, the high reliability and the safety easy to employ, easy to expand is needed. Based on the above requirements, we select several manufacturers of the similar equipment to evaluate. And we finally choose one of them. When we done the hardware evaluate, we will consider the remote connection. In order to do the remote testing, patching, troubleshooting operation, the remote connection must be reliable and secure enough and implied enough benefits, such as supply of secure tunnels between the local servers and the public internet. Two-way transmission for interaction, run and access services from anywhere we can work. Stable addresses and supply a remote turn off operation. Based on the above description, we also evaluate several solutions, such as FRP, desktop sharing, and VPN apps. We also select a satisfied journal to use. When we done the both hardware and the remote connection, our portability solution is qualified. And so as a portability connection to the pool, it will work. And we can connect the portability from different resource pools remotely from the integration lab. Then we can do the one-link trigger testing and then collecting some testing results on the report. Based on the testing result and report, we can do the rectify and reform problems. So it not only can reduce the problem and the deployment time, but also can improve the efficiency of the integration. And the portability can be reused from one pool to another. How can I talk? Before that, I'd like to ask a question. The voice is not clear. Jianjian, it's better. OK. So I will continue. OK, please. So the first biggest trend is our portable devices can act as an operating center. As you can see, our devices is doing all of the initial bootstrap work for all of the devices in the resources pool, including the URL sweepstrap, Wayline, and assigning all the outland IP addresses. And also, when doing the PXC booting for the servers, we have all of the serial numbers for all the devices in the resources pool. We have all of the MAC addresses. We have already verified tens of thousands of wired connections between the switches and the server, switches and switches. So as you can see, not only our portable devices reduce the huge amount of work for the integration, but also we collect a lot of useful information within our application. All of those information is validated and correct. So the local engineers can ask whatever information they want for the devices in the resources pool. So this is what I mean by operating center. We have for the validated information and the network out of date. The second biggest changes of our portable devices is introduced the wireless working models. Traditionally, engineers have to physically present in front of the rack all the devices to do most of the operation and the maintenance work and do the tough working environment in the lab. I think anyone who previously worked in the lab know what I'm talking about, thinking about all of the noises from the servers, switches, and air condition. So currently, with the Wi-Fi coverage, the engineers don't have to enter into the lab at all. They can get rid of the fabric, ethernet, the converters, get rid of all of the wires, lines, in most of the scenarios. And also, in some really complex scenario, we can ask the remote expert to provide help from thousands miles away with the LTE connections. So we would like to do more things about the wireless connection. We want to spend the integration, progress, and the test results to the CMCC centralized server. So we can easily monitor the integration progress and identify the similar issues happened across the multiple source across the country and solve the same problems quickly. That's one thing we want to do. And the next thing we want to do is using the popular provisioning and configuration management and application deployment tools like Kickstart for the OS deployment, Ansible for the application deployment for portable devices. So we can make them ready extremely fast, reliable, and consistent. Next slide. Yes, we are also looking for some industrial cooperation. We're looking for more wonders to provide such devices, which can meet the following requirements. So the physical size should be small enough to carry. And also, it should provide the compute and the network capacity. We're also asking for the gut rails, which can fit into the standard rack. Even better, it could have some travel suitcase to put all of the devices and the tables into such suitcases for easy traveling. And we're looking for the better, easy, and secured Wi-Fi and RTE administration. We want the smart, attentive design for the better signal to get the better signal strength. Also, it should support the euro-poor model in the lab for both AC and DC. Also, we want to do some technical requirements standardization. I think our devices is very useful for the AAPS scenarios. Our portable devices can be used for the software integration, development, deployment, and as well as the system test, upgrading and upgrading. So it can enhance the edge architecture. Also, for the device itself, we were looking for some technical requirement definition involving more open source community work together to improve such devices to work better in the integration scenario and the edge scenario. OK, thank you very much. That's all our detailed introduction about our solutions. We want you to work together with us to do such kind of work to improve the software and hardware integrated devices to have more application and more deployment in your site and in your scenarios. Thank you very much. Any questions from you?


So, hello everyone, please take a seat. My name is Marco, I'm a Ph.D. student from the robotics lab in the University of Extremadura in Spain and I'll be talking about the LERNBOT which is an open source robot meant for education, this guy right here. I'll basically talk about the purpose of building a robot like this, what's the design, what's the software that runs in it, and what's the software that we run out of it in our computer to use the robot. So why would we build a small robot for learning? We wanted to build an open robotics platform that can be used by students. The purpose of this is to help them reinforce concepts, learn how to program, and even have fun and learn making new stuff. For this, there was a few challenges we had to face. Basically it had to be easy to create and use because we want people to be able to create their own robot. And of course there has to be easy access to parts and actually they have to be kind of cheap. We didn't want robotics, everything that you get into robotics gets quite expensive. So we looked for specific parts that are cheap and accessible to everybody. I'll get into the details on the parts that makes this robot work. First, the brain of this robot is we use these audroids, which are basically small computers. It's like a Raspberry Pi, a Korean Raspberry Pi, a bit more of power than a regular Raspberry Pi. It's got like one point gigahertz arm processor, one gigabyte of RAM, internet, GPIOs that we use and USBs that we use for the sensors connections to manage the sensors. So basically what we do here is we install an overriding system, we use Debian, and then we install a robotics framework. So this is like the main core that will handle the robot. Then on the bottom of the robot, if you look at it, there you go, there's the differential base where we have, for those of you that are not familiar with robotics, it's a base in which you have two wheels. And then if you want to go forward, just move in a positive, the two wheels at the same time. You want to go backwards, negative. If you want to turn, you move one positive, one negative, it's like one forward, one backward. And the other way, if you want to turn the other way. And the parts on this differential base are just, we bought one of those do-it-yourself motor wheel sets that you can find easily on Aliexpress or Dell Xtreme, one of those Chinese websites. We use the Polulu driver to connect that to the, it's meant for Raspberry Pi, but it works perfectly with the Android. It's meant for connecting the motors to the Android. And then we have these bulk clusters, which are like three wheels that helps stabilize the base and help it, it allows it to move left and right. For the same source, we have camera, small camera. We looked into the cameras and we found out that just buying a regular webcam was the cheapest way to get one. So we bought a webcam, USB webcam that you can find in any Chinese website and for a very low price. We got the plastic out and then mounted on the robot. Then we had some ultrasonic sensors that are actually very cheap. You can find them. You have them here. You can have a look at them later if you want. I brought the parts so you can have a look. And then we also have the prime sensors. It's a Kinect, but very small one. We use that in robotics. It's not on this version of the robot, but there's another version that we did with this sensor. And we have the components perfectly running on the Android, so you can use it. It's meant for, you can get image, but you can also get depth. It's the same device as the Kinect, but it's a smaller one. That increases a lot the price because those guys are like 200 or something like that. So the basic version just comes with a camera, of course. Here you have the three versions that we did. This is the first version that we did with the prime sensors here. And second version, messy wiring. It was very messy and very hard to debug. The whole wiring kept getting disconnected, stuff not working. So we built these PCBs that help a lot and keep it clean. So we just place it inside and then just do this ordering on that. And then it gets that clean aspect. The outside, the outside is fully printed, 3D printed. We have the models. We have them on the website, but if not, just drop me an email. I'll send you the models if you want. So we encourage everybody that has some designing skills, which we don't have much, actually, in the lab to improve the design with new cases if you want. And then this is all just powered by one of these regular batteries, cell phone batteries connected to the Android. So it's all pretty simple. And this is how it's all connected. You get the wheels here on the base, connected to the driver, connected to the main Android powered by the power bank. And these sensors are connected to the camera, to the USB. That's basically on the hardware side. On the software, running inside, it's Robocom. That's our robotics framework. We use it in all these robots. There's tons of robots that's even more than are not here, but all these robots, they run Robocom and they reuse the components that we use in each of them. So if this guy has a differential base, we'll run the same component that this guy and maybe this guy does also have a differential base, this guy. So we can reuse the code. So what's actually Robocom? It's a robotics framework. It uses component-oriented programming. That's the main kind of programming we use in robotics. So how that works is that we will run components for each of the specific needs that the robot has. So let's say that we have a camera and we want to get the image from the camera, right? And then we do some processing on it. So we'll have a component that is grabbing the image from the camera, and then we have another component that's doing the processing. So if we look up, I'll just draw something here. So this will be the camera component, right? And then they will have the processing image. And this will access the hardware at the actual camera. And then this component will talk to this other component through an interface, and then it will ask through an RPC for the image. And then this guy will send the image to the image processing component, and then it will do the processing. Why we do this? We can reuse this component for every single robot that has a camera. And then we can also reuse this processing image component in every robot that we need to process image. On top of that, we can run this camera on this guy, and the heavy load, we can run it on our computer, which has more power than one of these guys. So that's why we use this component-oriented programming. For the communications, the ICE middleware is used within the robotic framework. We have domain-specific language-based tools to manage these components. So you can generate the generic parts. So you only have to actually write down the specific part of your component. We also have some other tools for robotics, like simulations, testing of some components like checking if the camera is working, stuff like that. Recording and replaying behavior, that's also very important to record a component's behavior for future testing. This is actually the work that I was recently doing with the robot. I was trying to get this sprinkle bottle from the table, and this is how it looks with the network of components running. So all those components are needed. So I can ask the robot to get me the bottle from the table. So it gets pretty complex, but it's kind of simple here, as you will see. This is actually the layout of the framework. We have components. We have the interfaces that will help us connect the components. We have a few files for the models, deep learning models. We have some other images. We offer 3D models for the simulations. We have classes and libraries, which is a reusable code that you can use with the components for maths and some other stuff. The tools that will help us develop and test, especially test, there's a lot of testing in robotics documentation, there's devian packaging also to help us install this framework and the CMake for compiling. So this is how it looks on this guy. So this is what is running inside the learn bot. We have a component for the camera. We have a component for the base, differential base to move it around, and then we have an ultrasonic sensor, another component. And then there's the library outside, because we tried to make it easier to use, so it's just, then in the end you will only write a Python code. So you just run a script, import the library, and then everything is taken care of by Robocom. So these libraries will take care of the communications with the different components that are running inside the learn bot. Of course, this runs inside the learn bot, and then you run the script and the library on your own computer, how they communicate is by Wi-Fi. When you turn it on, a Wi-Fi will appear, you just connect to the Wi-Fi and communication zone. Okay, so I'm going to try to explain how to use this library a bit. We need to have Python on the computer. We need to have Robocom installed, mainly because we need interfaces with ICE. We also need ICE installed. We can run it on regular Linux computers. We use Debian-based computers, basically, but you can actually, there's people running it on some other different distributions. We need the client library, which we all use to interact with the components that are running inside of the robot. I'm going to explain, this is not the whole code, it's just a bit of it, but you can get an idea of how we build this follow the line, typical follow the line application. Basically, you import the library, which is not here, but you import the library in Python, then you basically inherit from the library, and you define this function, and then you start in a loop, you start getting the frame. This is how you basically get the frame. You do this, and then you already have the image here. Then we use some OpenCV to convert the image to ... OpenCV is an image processing library for those who don't know. It's widely used in robotics. We use it to convert the image to binary, so it's only black and white. Once we have the black and white image, we divide it into three rectangles in the bottom part, three rectangles, and then we basically sum up the black pixels on each of the rectangles. Once we have that, we will just follow whoever has more black on it. If it's on the first one, we'll go left, if it's on the center, we'll go straight, and then on the right, we'll just turn right. Here's the CV code, or part of the CV code to get rectangles, and then sum up the whole black on those bottom rectangles. We also get the sonars. Just in case, that's how you get the sonar. Also, it's pretty straightforward, and then we check if there's a distance to one of them, so it won't smash into a wall, and then just stop it when the distance is under a certain threshold. This is how you move the robot. It's actually stopping the robot, because this is the speed and rotation, so this is how much you want to rotate, and then how the speed are going straight. This will stop the robot, and this is how you move it. Once we had the numbers from the previous sum up, if the more black area is the first one, this is the inner turn, and this is going straight, and this is doing another turn. That's basically the code. I'm going to try to show a bit. I hope it works, because I was thinking of splitting up, so I'll try to show. I'm connecting to the Wi-Fi that the Learnbot brings up, hope it works, maybe still putting. We built this smart device that allows the robot to look down, because we have no motor on the camera, so it's only looking straight. We use this for the follow the line demo. Didn't connect to the Learnbot. Let me try again. All right. It connected. Go to the code. I'm actually getting into the... We manually run right now the components inside, so there's a script for that, but we plan to do it in the future automatically. It's still in a very early stage, so we're actually... There you go. Mm-hmm. And now... Where's this? Yeah. So, it's doing the follow in the line thing, so you can see. Here's the binary image, and black. There's a bit of shallow that gets a lot of black. It sometimes gets confused by that. But yeah, you can see the image up there, and squares that we built on the bottom, and I will also... I don't know if you can see the... No, you cannot see them. But yeah, I can try, actually. Wait. I can actually show you the... We have a panel to control the devices. Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. Let's play what. We built a component that allows you to control the different parts. Yeah, so this is a basic panel, then you can see the... The sonars are not working properly. They... Well, yeah, there you go. Because they have a bit of like, this is the ultrasound sensor. This is the camera. You can move this, you can see. And then you can move it with this thing. Allow. Yeah. Yeah, so that's it. Sorry. I actually don't know. It's just a cheap camera, a webcam, yeah. The whole thing, it's quite cheap, actually. This is the most expensive thing will be this. It'll be like, I think it's like 50 USD, something like that. Maybe this thing, it's also the most expensive thing. This is a few dollars, also a few dollars. The printing case, I don't know how much the stuff that you need to print is. But yeah, it's actually pretty cheap to build. And yeah, I'll go back to the, oh, it's here. And finally, we have still a lot of stuff to do. We wanted, we started doing some scratch to Python conversion. So we can use scratch on this thing for the kids. We tested already with some young people, but they were like almost university students. But we want to build some easier interfaces. We want to add more sensor support, maybe integrate the print sense in this version, like maybe just having another top case that you can just easily change or something. So that's where the new, more efficient external design comes to plug and play with the different sensors and then also build new applications, cool stuff that you can do a lot of stuff with the camera, just face recognition and it's very easy, OpenCV makes it easy. So we're on Google Summer of Code, actually with a Robocom project and this other project which is actually a child, was one of the libraries that we had in Robocom, but it's now its own project, it's a computer vision library. And we have a lot of ideas, if you guys want to participate in Google Summer of Code, please go to the websites or drop me an email and apply. It is cool, you can actually, there's an idea for the LAN bot, so you can actually build your own robot, have fun with it and then even get a few thousand dollars, which is not bad. So yeah, please have a look at the websites, we have the ideas there. If you have any other ideas, just feel free to drop me an email. Thank you very much. Any questions? You have all the information, it's here, you can download the code, examples are there. We do sell it, you can drop me an email if you want, but it was meant so you can do it by yourself. It's a very early stage version, the code, that's why we still have the Google Summer of Code for developing. We want to improve especially stability on the code for future versions, so you can sell it properly, right?  You can do that, but the more stuff you want to add to it, it increases the price, right? So basically just with these few sensors, you can do a lot of stuff that will be quite challenging for students, so I think it's a pretty decent, that's actually why we removed the Prime Sense sensor, because it was too expensive. It's actually double the price of the whole robot, once you get into, if you want to build an arm for it, then complexity also gets high, right? If you start dealing with an robotic arm or something like that, yeah, it gets pretty expensive and complicated. You can do whatever you want, once you get an image, you can just run, actually you run it, because we use components, right, so you can run it on your own computer, on a, you know, server, you can use GPU processing or whatever you want. No, it doesn't. There's very few robotics running on Windows, it's pretty much everything is free software. Yeah, yeah, I'll try it. I didn't make that decision, so, but I think it's mostly on the power, because we were looking for something cheap, but we need power, especially for the Prime Sense, because when the library for these Prime Sense devices is open-need and it consumes a lot of CPU power. So we actually, when we run the Prime Sense, it will get the whole core for itself, and sometimes it can freeze the robot. So that, I think that's the main decision. So what's kind of like the future, it's like the game of the project? Well, we plan to make it more stable, and once we add scratch, we have some local schools that are interested. It's kind of an open version of the, it'll be like, let's say it's an open version of the Lego Mindstorm.  And you can just even, if you don't want to build it, you can buy it from us, but you can also print it at home or build it yourself. So yeah. So it's actually quite good for let's say developing countries that want to do it. So it's kept at a very low price, right? How is the community so far? Well, the Robocon community is getting big because we had recently, we're on the third, fourth year of Google Summer of Code. So that's helping a lot for us. But we currently have quite a few universities in Spain that are stable in contributing. And there's a few other students that are around Europe also contributing to the project. So it's not very big though, but get in there. It's enough. The big challenge with robotics is that in the end, you need the robotics hardware. So this is a means to have a robotics hardware that is not extremely expensive. Because once you got to the big robots, like that one on the picture was like, let's say, I don't know, like $3,000 or something like that. $300,000. So, yeah. Actually, the general was sharing some of the devices that we have now for Altrae. Altrae, Altrae. Yeah. Can you actually use Raspberry Pi as well? You can probably use, yeah. You can probably use Raspberry Pi or I think there's a new version of this one. Not the C1. You can use some of the... As long as you get the GPIOs and then you find a driver that it's compatible and the USBs, you're good to go. And you can power by one of these guys. So... Sure, sure. Yeah. All right. Thank you.


From the Sands Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada. Extracting the signal from the noise. It's theCUBE, covering AWS re-invent 2015. Now your host, John Furrier and Stu Miniman. Okay, welcome back everyone. We are live here in Las Vegas for Amazon re-invent. This is Silicon Angles theCUBE, our flagship program. We go out to the events, extract the signal from the noise. I'm John Furrier, the founder of Silicon Angles, Stu Miniman, Chief Infrastructure Analyst at Wikibon.com. Our next guest is Phil Brotherton, Vice President of the Data Fabric Group at NetApp. New term, love it, welcome back to theCUBE. Great to see you, CUBE alumni. Yeah, I know it's going to be here. I love this place. So, we've talked in the past, obviously NetApp, big storage, great technology company, but you made a bet as a company three years ago to partner with Amazon. People were scratching their heads like, whoa, whoa, why would you move storage into the cloud? They're competing with you. It was this state of the art at that time, thinking was, whoa, box, keep the box out here. What's the update three years later? I mean, it's really going well. I'll give you a little bit of a history. I was right in the middle of that three years ago. It even goes back before that. Me and a couple of some of my teams, we were working actually on a lot of hypervisor work and a lot of stuff related to Microsoft, Microsoft was working on Azure. There was a lot of interesting, how do I manage data in a hybrid cloud world? There was actually the original thinking related to the hybrid models, Microsoft was working on Direct Connect. Amazon, our teams up in Seattle saw this going on. Amazon opened up Direct Connect. That was a prototype, which is now a product for us. And that was a product, it's actually a prototype for Cloud Ontap, what's now called Cloud Ontap. We start working on Amazon. We began to see our customers in the cages at Equinix. We began to see the value ourselves of working in this hybrid model. And it's really just taken off from there. So it's been a customer driven thing. Totally, it's a little bit, it's typical NetApp. It's a little bit, sort of our technology was taking us there, was one piece of it. But you couldn't miss the fact that I'm looking into it and some big customers sitting in cages right next to my experiments.  So that's how it kind of started. And we were just with Bill Voss from S3 talking about how to go faster. This relationship just seems to go faster at this point. Bill, can you share any momentum numbers, kind of order, magnitude, how many customers you have or any other metrics that can share kind of the success? The most mature solution with Amazon is known as NetApp Private Storage for Amazon Web Services. That's the one that goes through the direct connect links. That one is in hundreds of customers today. So it's not huge like compared to our installations with VMware or on-prem, but it's big. And these are substantial customers doing substantial work and ranges all over the place from sort of high techs to government all over. Cloud OnTap, the easiest statistic I can quote, we've been doubling hours used.  So we're seeing the same kind of rapid growth numbers on Cloud OnTap that Amazon reports for its platform. David Floyer was talking about the challenges of transformation, David Floyer, analysts at wikibon.com, about full transformational replatforming. A lot of enterprises just like it's just too hard. The cloud is a nice little stepping stone into the cloud and Brian Gracely was talking on our opening about that if you're at this show today, the big takeaway was it's a data show. It's all about data, this is all about data at the BI and the front and center day one. And that's some tooling, getting on board easier, kind of connector, if you will, concepts. And then today with IoT, it's all about the data. So you guys now have the data. And the processing of it. But where we live, the data is this stateful thing that you have to manage and almost everybody, our customers end up in hybrid models mostly. And so if you don't manage that data across these hybrid models, you can't do, and the tools are so powerful that being announced here the last couple of days. That's what I'm trying to look at. Yeah, and this is what I want to ask you directly because the data fabric group, that's the name of the group that you're managing, this is a huge opportunity and no one's cracked the code in my opinion, cracked the code on this market. And that the data fabric opportunity, that's where the middleware will play in my mind, software. So it's all software. It's software data modeling will be big. What are you guys doing in the fabric group to address this opportunity? So think about it this way is, let me tell you a quick story real quick is, cause there's two ways to look at this. One is sort of enterprise to the cloud and the other is cloud back in. And I'll do the cloud back in view is, so Suncorp was on stage, CIO's Jeff's on stage here last year talking about he's all in on the cloud. We've been working with Suncorp since Jeff was the CIO of Telstra 12, 15 years ago. What Jeff's trying to do is get all the advantages Andy talks about and everybody talks about. As we work on the data planes, the compliance issues, that actually ends up being an NPS operation. We standardize an on tap on-prem, they lower footprint on-prem. It's been a really, it's grown our business actually with them. It's been really good. Another, so when we keep looking at it, is how do you manage data across these planes of on-prem to off-prem, even flash. We brought out our all-flash fads about six months ago. So you have this hot database on-prem that you don't really want to put it to the cloud yet or whatever you're thinking, but you want to integrate your data management all the way to the cloud. So the cloud's become a real selling proposition for us on our all-flash fads. And it's just the more we blend that idea. That's just, hold on, hold on, pause right there cause that's really key. What I see is an enablement with the cloud and you nailed it. You can sell more on-prem because you're managing the fabric piece of it. That is critical. I have to have two things. So I always say it's like Apple, is the reason you buy Apple is two reasons. One is like your iPhone and your Macintosh are really cool products. But then you start, they stitch together and they start adding value services on top of each other and they keep adding valued services. So the way, the data fabric group, the reason for the name of my group is, our cool platforms are like the all-flash fads or the all-to-vault or the internet private storage. But then you start stitching together services on top of that and data management services look to us to be a really interesting area to innovate. So we've got little bits and pieces of that idea now. We're still putting in really the infrastructure of the fabric. But the upside in a sense, the services on the fabric- There'll always be some horsepower involved but software is the critical piece of it. Software is a critical piece and then latency, I think latency and data sort of sovereignty is generally speaking will define whether you do appliance model or software model in your deployments. So Phil, you guys sit in an interesting spot in the industry. You play with a lot of players that are trying to lead in what we would call hybrid cloud. Amazon this week came out and said, well, if customers are doing hybrid, we're in the mix and we've got services that will reach in such as what they're partnering with you. Does that resonate with your customers? Where do you see about Amazon's what kind of role in the hybrid discussion? Well, something that we're working on right now, we've referred to it as the infinite FAZ. So if you know NetApp's product names of FAZ is our appliance, we add S3 connectivity to our FAZ. It just became infinite because of the size of S3 here at Amazon. And then again, you can add services on top of crazy services on top of that. And so our customers are, we have tons of customers here that I'm talking to at this event, almost. I don't think anybody hasn't said that's a good idea to do that. Try to think, nobody would come to this event and say that's a bad idea. It's a real interesting area. That another thing we haven't talked about a little bit, we see compliance and different geos and things setting up multi-cloud requirements. So that becomes an interesting topic too. What's in the NetApp model, it's really important that we're, same model we've run on-prem for years. We have to partner with Microsoft and VMware. We have to partner with multiple cloud vendors. But you really focus where the customers are and obviously we all know that's Amazon. I'm hoping you can shed some light on something because when you hear discussion of Amazon everybody says Amazon's sticking straws into everybody's data centers and all these solutions. And any data movement is one way. It's into the cloud. Of course you guys have been partnering for years. So what's Amazon's position? Is this strong arm sales force? Is it just general fud out in the marketplace? And what's the reality today? I can get my data outside of Amazon if I need to, right? Sure. And I mean the reality of it is you've got to think through your data. And I actually think that over time people are going to start, man, the more software defying moves on it's still early days. But the more software defying storage moves on the more you'll think about managing your data in kind of a virtual concept. And where is it will be in Amazon, on-prem and those types of ideas. And when you look at Amazon I mean there's logistical things. Data's heavy, it has gravity we always say so it's never easy to move it. And that makes challenges of going in or out. And you saw Snowball which is an approach we have our approaches, that's another actually kind of a migration tool, that type of thing. And I just see it as a sort of open platform. They've been very good on APIs. I think you guys have a lightning in a bottle with this data fabric positioning. No one really has put the stake in the ground yet on what it actually is. Does it sit below the app or below the virtualization? So there's always been a debate. Where does it sit? Oh for us, it's easy. It's, I mean I'll tell you the technical answer to this. It starts with the foundation is cluster data on tap. And so cluster data on tap is a fully virtualized storage management operating system that's much more tied to the, it's much more efficient than something like Viper or something up at the next level. And then we can run it and we've proven we can run it on, we run it in VMWare VMs, we run it in Amazon. So we're just extending all the portability places we run cluster on tap. We run it in appliances. And then you start adding on to that. You start adding on an object store, the ultra vault products. You start bringing formatting together. And now you've really built a fabric. And this is a little bit like if you watch Apple how they work. The products didn't talk to each other a whole bunch in the beginning but over time they talk to each other more and more. And that's exactly the process we're on. And then if you think about us from a product line point of view, we're going to be a much more streamlined product line than traditional storage competitors are not so interesting to me anymore because they're all built by acquisitions. There are too many piece parts to put together. It's crazy. Not just the acquisition cobbling together. Even pure play companies like Pure Storage which just went public. It's not your grandfather's storage. It's too narrow a solution. It doesn't solve the problem people really have. And even you guys were really in my mind the last storage company that was born and went to a billion dollars in revenue plus now obviously. But that was a storage business model.  Storage has changed. Amazon is a successful storage company doing some argue billions and billions of dollars. And we still had some of those numbers. So here's the question. With pure IPO kind of flat, that's some data could be the market, could be the product. The storage business has changed. How are you guys changing with the fabric group? What is the positioning shared with the folks out there? How is NetApp evolving with this new model? It's not just storage anymore. Absolutely not. I think if you think about the history of NetApp, NetApp invented the category of NAS about 20 years ago now, 15 years ago. We made ourselves into an enterprise storage company over the last 10 years. And I totally agree with you. The market or the business of storage is in the next 10 years is going to become the business of managing data. Not literally, it won't. And we'll instantiate that in products. We'll instantiate it in appliances. We'll instantiate it in software-only models. And you'll see, I believe, you'll see a huge number of data management services which I think in many cases will not be professional services. They'll be more like cloud-based services. Start to emerge. And that's what the new storage company will look like. And I think we'll be it. And you believe that Amazon's relationship actually helps you sell more product on-prem? Or both? 100% is, think about it. We're 15%, you know the market shares. We're 15% market share. We can gain share on-prem all day long as people start to go, look, I'll standardize on NetApp because they help me on the cloud. It's such an easy, and it's almost every customer wants to use the cloud. Yeah, and it says, no, Brena, why would you not give customers what they want? Exactly. It's, and I think if you actually look at most, this is true of when you think about, if you will, the disruption that Amazon causes in the whole 408 area code, if you don't follow your customer and you start following your old business model, you're just on your way to the Computer History Museum. Yeah, and if you even make it that far, you might not even, you might be a footnote of the Computer History Museum. You might be like, and also ran. Phil, thanks for sharing the data. You've got an event coming up for NetApp, share the data, and then we'll wrap up the segment. Awesome. Yeah, sorry, I get to stay in Las Vegas for a whole nother week, and we have our big user conference here next week, which is sort of, it's awesome to come do this with all the Amazon customers, and then we'll have all the NetApp customers coming. So, thousands of NetApp customers at Mandalay Bay next week. And if anyone's listening wants to come, please come. It's a hybrid world. You guys are demonstrating the success on prem and storage, and hybrid with the cloud. Flash to disk to cloud, man. That's the storage story. What is it? Well, it's the flash to disk to cloud. Flash to disk to cloud.  That's the future. Thanks for coming on, Phil. Thanks for sharing. This is theCUBE. You're watching live here at AWS Reinvent. This is theCUBE. We'll be back after this short break.