Think tech away, civil engagement lives here. Well, hi and welcome to Kondo Insider and let me begin by wishing everybody out there a very healthy, happy and safe new year. Next week's show, we're going to have a year in review of 2018. There are a lot of exciting changes, but today we're going to talk about the topic that never seems to die. I should say it always seems to be on fire. And that's Bill 69, the sprinkler update bill, with regard to the bill that was adopted. Then we had proposed amendments and a veto by the mayor. And we're going to kind of get some straight scoop from my good friend and I call her the godmother of Kondo management in Hawaii, Jane Sugimura, a prominent lawyer. Welcome Jane. Happy new year. Happy new year to you too. So, you know, I hate to say this, start the show off in a bad note. But I was looking at public statistics by the Hollywood Fire Department. Now, I don't remember them word for word, but my numbers will be pretty accurate. Then the last 10 years, we've had over 300 residential fires of single family homes and about 30 deaths. If you take the last 10 years and what I call multifamily living high rises, we've had maybe five fires with only one of those fires, Marco Polo, resulting in four deaths. How come we're being picked on? Well, I think a lot of associations would agree with you that we're getting picked on, that Kondo's and co-ops are being picked on. And I mean, we're the target.  And I guess now the new homes have fire sprinklers in them.  You don't want to touch retrofitting single family homes. But for us, you know, retrofitting high rises always seems to be an issue, because it was the issue back in 2005, you know, when we had that American Savings Bank fire, and they wanted to do retrofitting.  And sure enough, if it was a Kondo fire, I'd get a call from whoever the council chair was. And I can remember John Noshimura calling me and talking to me about retrofitting high rises. And I don't know why that's the fallback, whenever there's a fire in a high rise building, that they want to do retrofitting. Well, I'd say, you know, the issue, we want certainly not only the residents to be safe. We certainly want our first responders, the firemen, among others, to be safe. And they wouldn't have to deal with that. We had no argument with that. We really don't. It's very difficult. But it seems to me fairly difficult to take a building that was engineered under a different building code and put restrictions on them that may be in some ways impossible or financially impracticable to put in. Right. And that's what we're finding out with the life safety evaluation. And I mean, that's why I think this issue is not done yet. It's not done yet because implement, I mean, when we were talking about it, you know, as an idea or as a thing to do that might address some of the concerns of the city officials and some people who lived in high rises that this might result in safer buildings. I don't think people thought about the implementation. And now that we're dealing with the implementation, that's where issues are coming out. The guys who are tasked with the job of doing the life safety evaluation, they have questions and they had questions about what do you mean by mobility, you know? And what about the, you know, you know, it's not clear in the ordinance, are we supposed to be checking every unit? And see, these questions are questions that the fire department has basically said, oh, well, you're the expert. You do whatever you have to do to be able to, you know, stamp your engineer or professional license architect stamp on the life safety evaluation.  Well, let's go back to one part. First of all, if you look at the bill, essentially right now, if you're one of these buildings that requires fire safety matrix to be done, by December 31 of this year, you're supposed to have written a fire department and said we're going to comply with it, wouldn't it? Well, you know, I'm not so concerned about that one because, you know, the deadline was November 2. And the week before that, I was with Chief Socrates Protakos and he told me that he had over 250 letters, okay? And by the city's own acknowledgement, there's about 360 buildings that would probably be subject to, you know, Bill 69. So, you know, they were, so on the deadline or a week before the deadline, they had more, they only had less than 100 buildings to get. And what are they doing about this? Are they writing them or asking them? No, what he told me he would do is that if by the deadline, they would contact the buildings who had not submitted a letter reminding them that they had to submit the letter in order to comply with the ordinance. And I don't know how much of a deadline they're going to give them before they impose sanctions. But he says that the fire department was going to write to them, but there's less than 100. And to me, that's pretty good. Two thirds, two thirds of the people, you know, who are supposed to be writing these letters have written those letters. And I told the chief, to me, that's a good sign that people are willing to comply. And it's probably an indication of the fact that, you know, all of us have been able to get the message out.  You got to do a letter to the fire department to say you're going to comply. And then you have to, you know, work on the matrix issue. And how much time do they have due to the matrix? They have three years now, because the mayor vetoed Bill 72. They have three years. And I think we are seven months into that. So now we have two years and five months to complete the first time, the life safety evaluation. You have six years to comply, because most buildings will not pass the first time. And I'm not saying they're going to be told, you know, that they're never going to be able to pass. Maybe they're two points short or four points short. And so they work with their professional, who did their life safety evaluation, and say, okay, we need six points, what do we do? And they work with their professionals to do whatever they need to, to get those six points. And then they have basically another three years to complete that work. And not to sound critical of this, but I work for a large company that does, I don't know, 400 plus associations. And I've talked to four professional architect engineers.  I'm hearing that they're willing to do it, they're just not ready yet. And I think they're waiting for the fire department to update the matrix, because, like, one of the issues that one of the professionals told me is that the chief, when they met with them, said that they were going to do away with the mobility. That's a factor that affects risk. And that's something that you're supposed to be plugging in a number to reflect the risk that the mobility, which means whether or not people in the building are able to walk down out of the building. And I think they're willing, I think they were told that the fire department was going to update the matrix. So everybody's kind of waiting to see what the, because they don't want to do anything until that matrix is kind of set in stone, because this is what they are required to use. I mean, they can't use anything else. They have to use the matrix under the ordinance. It's under the ordinance. It's in the ordinance. And it's on the fire department website. And I'm told that only certain people are going to be able to download it. They have to register with the fire department and prove to them that they are certified and qualified to do the life safety evaluation. And then they're given some kind of a code, okay, so that they can download it onto their tablet or their laptop. And they take that into the building that they're going to do, to do the, to inspect and evaluate, and they just, you know, score different things. And the problem is that, you know, if word is out there that the matrix isn't final, then nobody's, you know, going to start making proposals. And I think because of the liability, because you've got professional engineers and architects, you know, basically certifying that the building is safe, safe, right? I mean, it's past life safety evaluation. And so these professionals are basically putting their stamp of approval on this evaluation. So I'm sure they're all consulting with their attorneys about what disclaimers they've got to put into their forms, you know, because, you know, for every life safety evaluation, they're going to have to sign off on it. And I think the way the current ordinance reads, I mean, they have to either stamp or sign to show that, you know, they have inspected the building and done an evaluation and concluded that this building is safe or has, has qualified to get a passing score on the life safety evaluation. And so that's a big liability, because if they're wrong and the next day the place, you know, has a fire, then I guess, you know, the issue is can they be sued? I can see it now that the disclaimer and indemnity on the matrix put in by the architects could be longer than the matrix itself. Yeah. I mean, think about this one. They have to have this done in three years. All right. And nobody's giving you proposals. Yet the fire department's amending the matrix. We don't really know what we're supposed to do, right? Heaven be the association that because they couldn't get it done because there's only so many people who do this work has the fire that came after the three year obligation, but before the matrix was done because nobody would do it. I mean, it's going to be a legal mess. Right. And, and like I said, the clock is ticking and bill 72 did extend the first, you know, deadline of three years to five years basically because it was on, you know, because of the uncertainty that was posed by the professionals who were tasked to doing, doing the life safety evaluation. I mean, they kept saying, well, you know, we're not really sure what we're supposed to be doing. And because of that, you know, right now we have less than three years because it's three years from the date of enactment. Enactment happened on May 3rd. Okay. So that's May, June, July, August, September, October, November. We're seven months. We're almost eight months into the first year. The first year is almost gone. And we don't even have the matrix finalized. Right. You know. And, and so, you know, I think at some point we are going to have to go back to the city and, and I'm sure the fire department, you know, will have to agree with us that if you don't have the people who are doing the life safety evaluations and, and people aren't doing it, they're going to have to extend the deadline.  But, you know, that's putting the cart before the horse. I mean, we asked for the two-year extension because nobody was coming forward and saying, oh, yeah, we're ready to go. We're ready to go. We'll have a proposal for you. And, and, you know, when bill 72 was first enacted, we didn't, nobody knew what it was going to cost. When you ask people, they said, oh, maybe it's going to cost a hundred thousand or, you know, and, you know, so we couldn't, and it's, you know, people say, well, you know, when you ask the professionals, like, we don't even know what we're supposed to be doing. So it's hard for us to come up with a number to charge you because we really don't know how long it's going to take. Well, this is incredibly fascinating. But we're going to take a one-minute break and come back and decide whether we should burn bill 69 or not. Anyway, we'll be back in one minute. Aloha. This is Winston Welch. I am your host of Out and About, where every other week, Mondays at 3, we explore a variety of topics in our city, state, nation, and world, and events, organizations, the people that fuel them. It's a really interesting show. We welcome you to tune in and we welcome your suggestions for shows. You got a lot of them out there and we have an awesome studio here where we can get your ideas out as well. So I look forward to you tuning in every other week where we've got some great guests and great topics. You're going to learn a lot. You're going to come away inspired like I do. So I'll see you every other week here at 3 o'clock on Monday afternoon. Aloha. Welcome back to Kondo Insider. We're with my friend Jane Sugimura talking about the fire sprinkler bill, bill 69, and the veto bill 72 that provided some additional time to comply with bill 69. And we were talking about the issues just before the break, that there's nobody willing to do the... Well, I think there's people willing to do it. It's just that they're not prepared to make proposals because nobody in the industry and no association has gotten a proposal or any information that a company out there is willing to do a life safety evaluation. And you know, with this type of thing, I mean, it probably is not going to take a whole long time to do a life safety evaluation once they get in. And so I would think that if somebody were prepared to do it, that they'd be sending out emails, they'd be notifying property management company, hey, we're doing it and this is what we're charging. I mean, and then you would send them out to the associations who are your clients, but nobody's doing that. And there's this silence that's deafening. I mean, and it's just... And when I talk to people, they tell me, well, we're not quite ready yet. You think the cost of this matrix study will be affordable? Are you getting any Tom Tom's and the coconut wireless about the cost? Well, the fire department has come out and said it's about $30 a unit. And I know Dana Birchman said that he thinks it will range from $5,000 to $20, depending on the height of the building complexity. But, you know, so we're talking maybe, you know, I think $10,000. That's probably going to be average. That's before the repair is necessary. That's before the repairs, yes. So it's going to cost $10,000 to find out. You know, and I have to say up front, if it's going to make people safer, even though it's an expense, a one-time expense, it's probably a good idea because these buildings were built a long time ago and there may be things we're not thinking of and we want to make these buildings safe for all the residents alike. So even though it's a lot of money, $10,000, I can understand that. What I can understand is the clock is running and nobody's going to do it because the matrix is still vague and there's still questions about it. So are there enforcement provisions? I doubt the fire department would become nasty about this if no one wanted to do it. If there's nobody willing to step up to the plate and actually do them, I mean, I'm sure the fire department will have no choice but to agree to an extension.  The second deadline, which is six years, is for you to get a passing score. Most buildings are going to have to get building permits and the fire department has said if you apply for a building permit and the clock runs and, you know, the deadline happens because your permit has not been processed, then they will agree to an extension. They've already said that. And we all know that there is a problem with the building department in processing permits. And I think it's come up, you know, since Bill 72 came out, that most condos, I mean, it's almost crisis because it takes six to 12 months to get the DPP to approve a permit. I have, my building's got a permit. And we hired a, we have a leak under our building. And, you know, and I've tried, I've worked for my council member and I said, you know, we submitted our application on July 2nd. And here it is at the end of the year and it's still not processed yet. And every day are, something's leaking under our building. And the whole, the application is to move the pipes above ground, you know, so that they're, you know, the leaking will stop. And my, you know, the people, the concern in our building is that, you know, here is six, seven months, something's leaking and it's going to affect the structure of the building. And I see that because, you know, I know one of our buildings that voluntarily wants to put sprinklers in. And it's got some complex engineering, it's not perfect. But they've been told two to three years to get a building permit. Except that the mayor just signed a bill. He signed the bill. I think it was, it had to do with the changes to DPP where the fire sprinklers, if you apply for fire sprinklers, your permit will be approved within 120 days. That's what the mayor says. And I think that's what we should see. Because I have another kind of much simpler problem that wants to change out of its air conditioning cooling towers because they're old, doesn't want to change anything, just wants to substitute new for old. And they've been waiting now eight months for a building permit. It just seems to me there is some validity to the mayor and his team evaluating the building permit process because it's waking, taking way too long to even handle simple changes. And the delay in getting those permits approved, I mean, like in our, we don't know what's happening to our building. We just know that something is leaking under that building. We're trying to fix it. And the longer it takes for us to get permit approval, we don't know what's happening to the building. But I'm sure the water leakage is somehow affecting the structure. When I see it, I'm going to take it from a different point of view.  And they're a little bit lazy. And so here you have a complex matrix problem, unknown dates, unknown information. You can't get bids. We're under the bill. They could just hold a meeting and opt out of putting this sprinkler's in. Right. Aren't we through red tape and administrative burden encouraging people to opt out so they don't have to fool around with us? Well, they can opt out, but they still have to do the life safety evaluation. Right. But it just seems to me that more difficult we make it to do this. Yeah. And then more unclear and less transparent we are.  I think that I think they're kind of kicking the can down the road. They're saying, we've done all we have to do. The experts who are named in the ordinance, they know what to do. Except the experts that I've talked to really don't know what they're supposed to be doing. And you can talk to, I've talked to two or three and I get different versions of what, they were all out of meeting with the fire department. And yet when I talk to them, they tell me different things. And I'm thinking they were all in the room, same room with the same fire department people. And yet they come back with different takes on what was said. And so to me, that's a problem. And what's driving this train is going to be liability. Because they're not going to want to be signing off and doing something and creating liability for their firm. If they're saying theoretically the building is safe, which is probably not exactly what they're going to say. But they're doing this matrix and then there's a problem. And they said those fire doors were OK. And it turns out the fire came from a fire door that wasn't OK because maybe subsequent to the inspection, it had some deterioration wherever it may be. I think that they're going to be really cautious on liability issues. And I'm sure that you raised a good point. And I'm sure when they finish their disclaimers, we're going to get some kind of a statement that at the time that they did the life safety evaluation, that these things were as stated on the evaluation, on the matrix. And that they're not responsible for any changes that occurred after. Right? Right. And so if it happens the next day after they inspected it, then they're off the hook. Well, they're probably going to put in this as not a property condition report where they've expected an untesting on the doors. And they're going to say, based on visual observations and looking at the specifications. And the use of surrogates. Right. Because this fire department has said they can use association staff to inspect the units and then give them a list of units that have the smoke detectors and the fire doors.  So they just pick maybe 10% and inspect just those units. But it helps the board liability. We have board members going out doing the inspection. They're just going to be added to the suit along with everybody else. Right? And the employee, it may sound like I'm against this, but I'm not against this. I'm just saying we're lacking clarity. And for a lack of a rush to judgment to get this going, we're not thinking through the issues because people say it's only 4,000, 5,000 units to sprinkler. Well, I know units associations that they don't have the 10 by 10 pump room and all these other engineering issues, that they're getting budget bids of 50,000 units. So it's not so easy as everybody is saying. And for the mayor to make insinuations that we don't care about people's safety, it's just ignoring the true issue of what you need to fix a building. Right. And I was quite taken aback by the mayor's comments in his veto message about how he's doing this for the protection of the people who live in these buildings. And the implication is, as a board member, we are not. And I was very taken aback by that because I know, and I think I speak for many, many boards, that's what we do. We do it day after day, week after week, month after month. We look at budgets. We look at plans. We look at repair proposals. We fix the building. And we have discussions about how do we do this and what's the best way to do this and that and what's this problem? How do we fix it so that it doesn't get worse? And that's all we do. And for the mayor to say that we don't care, that he is the hero and the protector of the people who live in these buildings, I was very offended. I was very offended by that. I understand how you feel because it's ignoring the reality of the situation. It's not about doing something to make the building safer. We certainly don't want to waste money. We certainly want to have a clear understanding what's expected before we spend money. So I tend to agree with you. So is this ever going to be over? I don't know. I think it's a work in progress. And so I'm just glad we have good friends in the city council. And so far, we do. And even with the people who aren't part of the majority that passed out bill 72, I think most of them, most of the council members, agree with us that we need to work with the city to make sure that everybody's on the same page. And that's what the issue is. We all got to be on the same page. I think we all want the same goals. We want safer buildings. We want it safe for the people who live in the buildings. We want it safe for the first responders.  And we don't want to expose people to liability unnecessarily. And for that, I mean, we need to have clarity in going forward on this life safety evaluation and how it's going to be done. Well, I want to thank you for being here today and bringing us up to date. I'm sure that on future shows, we're going to be talking about this again. Yes.  But they also want to make sure they make good use of the money and they need some clarity on this. So well, then happy new year. And I'm going to see you guys, Jane and I, next week for 2018 in review. Aloha and happy new year.


This study found that hand washing with soap and water is important for reducing the risk of contracting COVID-19. The authors suggest that messages about the importance of hand washing should be emphasized alongside other preventive measures such as wearing face masks and maintaining physical distance. Additionally, the study highlights the need to consider resource differences when developing behavioral interventions in different countries. This article was authored by Bolano Olapaju, Zoe Mistral-Hendrickson, Joseph G. Rosen, and others.


Hello, everyone. My name is Carl and today I'm going to be talking about revolutionizing application architecture We're going to be talking about wasm in the database and why I'm super excited about it And also how I see wasm just helping out with so many parts of our ecosystem So just getting into it as I said, my name is Carl severe And I am a senior director of engineering at single store single source a database company We sell a distributed relational sequel database lots of buzzwords but what matters to this group is that single store embeds wasm so you can take any wasm module and Compile against the wazzy push it into single store and run that code directly inside of a massive distributed relational database And it works it works great, and I'm actually gonna be doing a live demo in a lightning talk So we're gonna see how all that goes So why put wasm in the database? I believe that wasm in the database allows us to build apps easier and safer and What does that mean? It means that we can basically make apps We can we can reduce the complexity of applications We can also ensure that things like state is handled in a more sort of atomic and transactional way Databases are really really good at this. This is sort of our bread and butter and Wasm is really good at moving compute to wherever the data is So if we combine these two ideas together, we can actually get something better than either idea by itself So let's talk about serious business So this is some serious business that I'm doing on my users and as you can see I'm looping through all my users and running some update functions. It's very important for my business I might have like hundreds of thousands of users and Ideally, I would say that most engineers writing this code expects this code to execute Transactionally you want all of your users to be updated or none of your users to be updated anywhere in the middle is very complicated But of course, we've all been here somewhere in the middle of that loop You know life doesn't go the way you think it goes And so, you know many many years ago people came up with a solution to this They said well we can use this thing called a relational database We can create transactions and we can pass transactions through all of our code and we can bundle up all these changes together and This does this works this does accomplish the goal of making this serious business operation Transactional and making it happen either entirely or or not at all and and when an exception occurs in this world We have some concept called rollback. We can reduce the state back to where it was before the transaction started Very very cool, but anyone who's written Transactional code and very large code bases know that this comes with a cost The cost is complexity and the cost is performance Not only do you have to now manage these transaction objects? Moving them through your code and this can be quite quite complex You might have to go through multiple libraries Maybe even third-party libraries to get the transaction object to use in all the right places But you also potentially have a lot of performance cost in this naive piece of code that I have here I'm now round tripping to the database for every single user in my in my data set This is cost that I sort of unavoidable because we need to be able to run Custom code custom business logic on each of these users and that business logic as of yet doesn't doesn't exist in the database We can't push it there But everyone would probably agree with me that this is this is complicated This is this is silly what we really want is we just want this We just want to write our code to the way that we originally intended it to be go through all my users run some Custom logic and then be done with it So this is the story of wasm in the database by putting wasm in the database We allow you to write code looks like this and we allow you to have that code intelligently pushed down into the engine and for the engine to actually understand that what what you're doing is looping through your users Running some update operation on each user and we want that to be done as close to the data as possible reducing any round trips that we don't need to do and That is a story of wasm and I'm very very excited You know a lot of the talks this morning have been forward-looking looking forward to where we see wasm going in This is yet another case We don't have everything that we need to be able to accomplish the goal I just set out but we're getting there we have the basic foundational building blocks and for that I'd like to do a cook live demo. Hopefully I have time And in specifically we're going to go to space So let me just exit out of the presentation So this is the wasm space program I do have to plug in my laptop because it's Linux and it's old and if I don't this will never render in real time so We're getting there and mostly looking okay The wasm space program is a demo that I created to show off what it's like to put wasm in a very large distributed system and Run a non-trivial workload in that system. So if we enter the wasm space program, we see one little solar system This is just running on my laptop Inside this system we have nothing let's let's go ahead and create some things So this is a little spaceship.  This spaceship is represented by a literal row in a relational database That's all it is and every single second This relational database is essentially running that opera that serious business operation. I showed earlier It's looping through all the spaceships and running some wasm code on every single spaceship And that code is actually running inside of the engine right down beside the data. There's there's no other back-end service or anything like that So we have this spaceship.  So I'm going to add in strategy chase energy Save that and and then we're just going to compile it. So this Compilation step is just you're going to quickly read through just cargo wazzy builds We're just doing a regular rust wazzy build and then we're just using the my sequel command-line tool to literally just upload that Wasm file to the engine that happens very quickly and Right away without doing anything else our spaceship has now moved to the closest energy node And if we create a couple more spaceships We can see that they they exhibit that behavior and that's because now that AI has Literally running that wasm code that I just uploaded the database This is really cool But I mean anyone we can obviously simulate a couple of spaceships on any any laptop. That's not very hard What might be more interesting is upgrading to a much larger cluster And so this is the real live wasm space program You guys can race me and try to go there before I before the demo completes in this live demo There is 32,000 solar systems and in each of these solar systems There's tons and tons of spaceships that all are living out their little spaceship lives inside of this massive virtual universe simulation and we can just jump anywhere in this demo and we see Spaceships doing various things and none of these ones are very exciting But we can just jump to like another solar system and see what's going on And in total this particular simulation so you can see there's spaceships running around over here This bit particular simulation has over a million spaceships that are running and simulated in real time every single 769 milliseconds to be precise about four and a half million wasm function invocations are happening in this cluster and That's all happening in real time every single operation allows a spaceship to see its entire region of space around the spaceship make Concrete AI decisions about what it wants to do issue those turns and execute it But even more interestingly is the entire turn that 750 milliseconds of operations that are going through and updating all the state runs in one transaction and That is the future of putting wasm in transactional systems I believe that this will make applications much easier and safer to build And that's pretty much my talk mind-blown emoji Every time Carl you're so good any questions for Carl. Is it a question in the back right? It looks like Hi So could you have the spaceships fire torpedoes and the torpedoes be affected by gravity? The answer is yes, but I didn't do that So here's my serious question. Um, so you're building wasm in the database and What about sequel and pill sequel so I sort of have that Oracle background How can can you compare what what you're going to be able to do with wasm in the database with what people use sequel and PL sequel for? Absolutely, it's a great question. So let's go ahead and look at all the PL sequel that is happening. So Right now our the limitation of single store wasm is that we can run wasm UDFs We can run wasm UDAs and TVFs Which are technical words and database speak for basically functions that operate over the data itself But we don't have yet the full procedural level sequel But that's next and so what you're seeing on the screen Hopefully is the run term function this runs a single transaction You can see we have start transaction here And this is a bunch of PL sequel which basically runs a bunch of update queries over the data and those update queries themselves Run wasm functions. So we are basically using a wasm single sort of push the AI down to like the lowest level To the actual sort of rows, but we still because we don't yet have that next level Which is the procedural level we don't have the ability to basically put this entire function in wasm But we want to do that. That's going to be the next stage Liam's having to do a little workout here This is really cool Reminds me a little bit of like what you'd imagine like a digital twin system before Do you envision using like component model and the newly announced worlds to describe an object and give it certain capabilities and characteristics and integrate that into the database. I Think that's a really cool idea So a lot of databases have looked at the idea if I understand your question correctly Like it's around using worlds to actually model objects within the database and be able to interact with them And other databases have used this sort of object model before they've they've tried to experiment Like I know that sequel server has like dotnet objects where you have like custom types with you can send and receive messages to them I think that's another story that was worth exploring here We are part of the bytecode alliance We are heavily involved in the component model and and we're trying to make sure that everything we do matches what you guys are doing So yeah, that's a great idea though back in the the link here around 2008 dotnet experimented seashell experimented with smartly or semi smartly moving code to the the database so trans having coders in line in your application program and moving segments that were relevant to the data to the database is That something you're exploring at the moment where you strictly focused on just moving an entire wasm module and it's got to be Called in some other way Fantastic idea, so we actually have a bunch of experimental work that is going on in the Python ecosystem Where you'd be able to have like a regular Python notebook and have Basically lambda functions trans dynamically push down into the engine So where we have you know a billion rows sitting in single store You might want to run some Python code over those billion rows to do some data science workload or something So we want to be able to dynamically sort of handle that and push that down. It's absolutely through. It's a it's another area that we're exploring This is fantastic. Could you please elaborate more about how wasm UDFs could be helpful for? Isolating transactions you mentioned that very beginning in that serious business and how will it affect the asset properties of database? So UDFs are the simplest case because fundamentally UDF is is stay in stay out They're they're not stateful themselves So we can actually just put them into our regular transactional framework which already supports running arbitrary code Except right now with single store before wasm you had to write the code in in the special pl sequel language Now you can basically run write your code and rust But the asset the atomic unit of like a function that takes them to stay in and return some stay out Just automatically inherit the transactional properties because it's it's it's I didn't put its state it's stateless, right? So we can rerun it we can automatically sort of put that in now as we get into the higher level So going back to this other the other question I received appeal sequel and procedural logic That's where it gets a little bit more tricky and that goes back to the last time I gave a talk here with Bailey We talked about wazid data and wazid data was the higher level like talking about the story of Basically bringing the transactional layer up into the wasm where you can actually have like just your rust code say like start transaction and Actually do like stuff that looks like almost like transactional memory at the application layer And we wanted to be able to do that type of stuff as well


We're living in a time that we have to make our position very, very clear where we're standing. Do we move with the darkness or do we stand and support the light? It's a very important time because I think the world feels creaky and unstable and a lot of people uncomfortable. There's no doubt that the social contracts broke and if we don't make different choices for the future it will simply mean that democracy becomes collateral damage as well. Generational factors are an important issue. Now there's much more focus on rapid answers than thoughtful analysis. The Fourth Industrial Revolution is displacing jobs, it's creating new jobs and our education systems are underprepared for being able to deal with these shifts. Never since the Second World War did we have so many people in need of humanitarian assistance. A respect for the rights of all is the only method by which we can secure a peaceful future for our children. In current wars we can give countries certain confidence, certain power but don't forget we need to give back something too. Diversity is everything. Acceptance of that diversity is what strengthens a country, a society and therefore the world at large. If politics is about power, culture is really about creating trust. We have an old women's orchestra of Afghanistan which sends a very strong message to the community. Nothing is impossible. The fractures that we see are really the system within which the economy functions. What we need to move towards is a circular economy. These are the kind of solutions which are going to have profound societal impact in people's livelihoods. Science is a template for cooperation in a fractured world. We are actually using renewable energy to provide access to energy to remote communities who have never had access before. That is the power of technology. This is the first time in history that we are all connected enough to understand who has opportunity and who does not. We need to absolutely say leaders from all walks of life commit to renegotiating global solutions. We know that it can happen. We just want to see action. The opportunity still exists to rediscover a political cohesion and co-evolution in the world today. Dear President of the Swiss Confederation, Prime Minister of India, the Honorable Narendra Modi, Your Royal Highnesses, Distinguished Heads of States and Government, Excellencies, Dear Co-Chairs, Dear Members and Friends of the World Economic Forum. It's a great pleasure to welcome you all for the 48th annual meeting. Over the next four days, in multiple sessions, we will analyze the big challenges we all face. And we will try to find solutions and join, hopefully, in common action to address the deficiencies of our global system. We will do so under the theme of creating a shared future in a fractured world. There is no doubt that we are living in a complex, interconnected, fast-moving world. We all depend on each other. We are here in this room, and we have a special responsibility to demonstrate that only through joint efforts we can improve the state of the world. In our dialogue and in our interactions, we have to be responsive to the voices of a fractured world. Sustained economic development can only be possible if we have social inclusion.  It's now my pleasure to introduce to you the President of the Swiss Confederation and Federal Counselor of the Home Affairs of Switzerland, Alain Berset. For the last 48 years, Switzerland has been the home of the World Economic Forum. The collaboration between the Forum and the federal, continental, and communal governments has been outstanding. And as the annual meeting has grown over decades, the Swiss government at all levels has been a true partner, along the way, always ensuring excellent support, security, and above all, hospitality for all participants. And I should add this here, and thanks for the very fast snow removing in Davos. I would like to use this opportunity to thank you, Mr. President, the government, the parliament, and especially the people of the Contente de Grise, and of course, of our host city Davos-Closters. Mr. President, the floor is yours. Please welcome the President of the Swiss Confederation. Thank you, my dear Professor Schwab, Prime Minister, your Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to Switzerland, to Davos, for the 2018 annual meeting of the World Economic Forum. For Switzerland, the host country for the Forum, it is a pleasure and an honour to be able to welcome you. We are here and ready to think together about the future of our societies and reflect together about the trends and actions that bring change and prosperity. Looking back over the last few years, it's immediately clear just how pertinent the theme for this year's meeting is, calling on us to create a shared future in a fractured world. Whereas 2016 was a year of disruption, surprises, confounded certainties and unexpected changes. Well, 2017 was somewhat karma. So what will happen in 2018? This year, will we perhaps reach the paradoxical conclusion that disruption has emerged not from societies' extremes, but from its centre, while social and economic progress is also coming from the majority and reaching most people. If we are to continue walking this path of progress, 2018 has to be the year where we reaffirm the importance of international collaboration and multilateralism. Our shared responsibility has to return to its rightful place at the very top of our priorities. Ladies and gentlemen, we face multiple challenges. We are seeing the emergence of geopolitical fractures and instability in many regions of the world. We are seeing protracted armed conflicts that destabilise entire economies and societies, leading to mass displacements and sowing the seeds of terrorism. And then there is also climate change, which is a major concern and inequalities at the global level. We know what we need to do to reduce these uncertainties and to guarantee the safety and wellbeing of our populations. We need political well at all levels. There needs to be strong involvement from the international institutions on security, peace and human rights. There needs to be a partnership between national and international institutions. And there also needs to be strong engagement from the financial institutions. However, in many parts of the world things seem to be moving in the opposite direction, looking inwards rather than outwards, a return of nationalism, towards a narrowing of the political outlook together with mistrust of multilateralism and suspicion of free trade. These trends continue to widen existing fractures rather than narrow them. I, however, firmly believe that we need to promote international cooperation in order to promote political stability, good governance and economic development. Because if widespread mistrust and resentment continues to spread, it will be the poorest and the weakest who will be the first victims. Naturally, that necessitates political support at the national level. There can, ladies and gentlemen, be no international cooperation without states willing to cooperate. And to achieve this we need solid roots, we need strong ownership at the national level. And we also need to have shared confidence in collective action. Anyone who's scared of cooperation withdraws from the world. Our population's confidence in a state which creates structures and protects its citizens is essential to guarantee openness, dialogue and cooperation. Ladies and gentlemen, without strong support at home, foreign policy risks to remain empty wards. And the strong growth of the global economy feeds the illusion that nationalists and protectionist movements were just a passing phase. But they are not. Economic good news stories must not blind us. We need to tackle far-reaching structural problems. And the lesson of the last two years is clear and still applies. The mainstream of society must see society as being fair, otherwise it will use its veto. And there is only one solution to remove the underlying causes of that unease, resentment and anger. To have a policy of social inclusion, ranging from educational opportunities for everybody to a social state that mobilizes people's talents to a fiscal policy that allows us to invest in social cohesion. Our continued openness to the world and the will to cooperate internationally can only be guaranteed if people do not feel powerless. Our societies can only function if people feel that they can control developments like globalization or immigration. The US political theorist John Ikenberry reminds us of the formula for success in the post-war years. I quote, Sustained domestic support for openness, post-war leaders knew, would be possible only if countries also established social protections and regulations that safeguarded economic stability. The Atlantic Charter announced by Roosevelt and Winston Churchill in 1941 and the Bretton Woods Agreement of 1944, where early efforts to articulate a vision of economic openness and social stability end quote. Are things really so different today? I don't believe so. Most people have no objection to openness and exchange as long as they feel secure. And they can only feel secure if they have economic opportunities. Ladies and gentlemen, what does the country need to remain competitive over a long period of time? Stability and functioning institutions, good infrastructure, an educational system that produces innovative minds, and above all, equal opportunities. Equal opportunities which allow men and women to exploit their potential for the benefit of society. Actually, it is clear that the better the educational and live opportunities people have, the greater our country's innovative strengths. And the better women's position in the labor markets, the stronger the economy is. Over the past decades, the welfare states and the markets economy have often been played off against each other. The game was wrong, as well as the assumptions. After all, uncertainty and social injustice do not lead to economic prosperity. Fear is not productive. Fear does not drive innovation. The opposite is true. Security in society gives us the freedom to try out new ideas. Economic security gives us the courage to bring out the best in ourselves. And societies in which income is fairly distributed and in which there is equal access to health systems also generate more trust among the members. And this is essential for our country to attract business because no one invests without trust. Ladies and gentlemen, is this an argument in favor of the primacy of politics? No, it is not. We need a balance between politics and economics. Just as we need a balance between competitiveness on the one hand and social solidarity and fair educational opportunities on the other. It is not the primacy of politics that we need. It is the primacy of the political. We need to recognize that political considerations form the basis of our society and form the basis of our value system. Not only the material aspects of people's lives, but also the attitudes, feelings and expectations. This includes the rule of law, human rights and democracy, and not least our sense of responsibility for the world's problems. Only if we base our actions on the primacy of the political can we oppose to the attitude of resistance, frustration and mistrust. Only thus, by strengthening political legitimacy domestically, can we strengthen international relations and cooperation. Let us make 2018 a year in which we overcome the phase of hand-wringing and self-criticism in which each of us works to promote social inclusion.


I'm Raymond Bolloldi with the Army Research Laboratory and I've been here for 35 years. Happy 25th anniversary, ARL.


the speed of light, the cloud of dust, and a hearty high old silver, the Lone Ranger. With his faithful Indian companion, Tonto, the masked rider of the planes led the fight for law and order in the early western United States. The stories of his strength and courage, his daring and resourcefulness have come down to us through the generations, and nowhere in the pages of history can one find a greater champion of justice. Return with us now to those thrilling days of yesteryear. From out of the past come the thundering hoofbeats of the great horse, Silver. The Lone Ranger rides again. Come on, Silver! Let's bubble on the trail ahead! A town called Carson, a man walked with long-determined strides. His eyes were hard, his lips pressed, and a six-gun swung with an easy reach of his hand at every step. Struggling vainly to match the man's strides was a twelve-year-old boy. Store loungers and town folk guide them curiously as they passed. Then as they sensed what it was about to occur, they slowly followed the man and the boy up the street. Bob! Bob, is it true? What, Tim? Are you really gunning for Vince McNary? Go home, son. Bob, I gotta know. Bob! I said go home. Vince McNary's a dead shot. He'll get you for sure. You don't understand. Sure I do. Wendy Peters was your best friend. And Vince McNary shot him. Oh, I like Wendy just as much as you. But, Bob, I don't want you killed, too. Here's the cafe. You stay outside, son. Bob! I'm looking for Vince McNary. I'm looking for Vince McNary. I'm inviting you to draw, Vince. You might overheat it.  I'm waiting. So am I, for an explanation. Wendy Peters went out to trailer Maverick last night. This morning I found him near the waterhole, shot in the back. What's that to do with me? I found a lot of fresh hoof prints near the water. And a break in the fence where you brought your longhorns of my land for a drink. You ought to make sure your facts... I'd know your gun play anywhere, Vince.  All of your dogs, Grant, they're barking up the wrong tree. You need the water, my ranch band. So bad you thought murder would scare me into selling out. It was a mistake you were putting them fences between our two properties. It's a bigger mistake to shoot a man in the back. I'm inviting you to brush leather, Vince. Your hands hanging kind of close to that sex gun, ain't it, Grant? Figuring to jump the draw? I'm figuring to draw with you on equal terms. That's more than you deserve. Sure you won't swallow this drink first? I'm on to your stalling. Now on we'll talk with shooting irons. You won't swallow this drink, Grant. Take it in the face! That was as low down as tenders I've ever seen, Vince.  Then shooting him... He was aiming to jump the draw. Grant says he wasn't, and I'm for taking his word. That was pretty close to murder, if you ask me. Pop, say something. Pop! I'll make it up to you, Pop. I'll avenge it. At a lonely spot in an arroyo some miles from town, two horsemen met. One was Vince McNary. The other was a hard-faced man with small, beady eyes. His name was Hawk. You got here prom talk? Yeah, I came as soon as I got your message, Vince. I didn't arrange for us to meet in town instead of this forsaken hoe. I didn't want you seen. You never been in Carson. Nobody there knows you. Whatever. You'll serve you in a minute. I got a job for you. Any connection with the Grant shooting? How'd you know about that? Well, I hear things. Matter of fact, there is. Grant left a will bequeathing his ranch to his motherless kid. You think you don't let ranch yourself, Vince? Yeah, but Grant refused to sell. He didn't scare easy, either. What do you mean? Even murdering old Wendy Peters didn't frighten him off. I ain't said that. You don't have to. Don't look so worried, Vince. Your secret's safe with me. It better be. Reckon you want Grant's ranch bad.  I got to have it. The kid owns the only waterhole for miles. It's fenced in, so my stairs can't drink. I heard about that. If I don't control that pond, might as soon. My stock will sicken and die. If you hadn't swindled them stairs from Grant's neighbors, they could drink when they please. That's enough, Hawk! Can't touchy the night, ain't you?  Easy, Vince. What's on your mind? I want that ranch. Getting it from the kids should be like taking candy from a baby. You don't say. Legal. Legal. People in these parts already riled at me for that liquor shooting at Grant in the cafe. If I tried to take the ranch by force, they'd hang me from the nearest tree. Yeah, but you ain't figuring on the kid selling it to you. No. I'm figuring on you selling it to me. Me? In his will, Grant gave his brother, Paul, the attorney. That means he'll be the kid's guardian and handled his affairs. Well, what's it to do with me? The brother lives in Denver. Nobody in Carson's ever seen him, not even the kid. Well, he's coming on the next stage to supervise a ranch. But I have a feeling he won't arrive. That's savvy. I thought you would.  That's a dog on nice ranch. Yeah. And when I sell it to you, you'll be about the richest man in these parts. I should get a nice cut out of the deal. You'll be taken care of. If you follow orders. All right, Vince. Let's have them orders. The afternoon stage for Carson reeks one of the small way stations. A short stop for watering the horses gave the lone passenger a chance to step out and stretch his legs. I'm going to get out for a spell. Pardon me, mister. Is your name Grant? Jed Grant? Yes, why? Brother is a man that died recent. Yes, I'm on my way to take charge of his ranch. Got a message for you. A message? I can't tell you now. Somebody might over here. There's a patch of trees behind the station where we can talk. You want to know about the kid's danger, don't you? Danger? Well, yes. Then come on. If anything happened to that boy, what kind of danger is he in? You heard of Vince McNary? Vince McNary. He killed Tim's father. That's right. He don't mean he plans to harm Tim, too. Not personally. I don't understand. Vince seems to take you over the kid's ranch. He does, huh? Well, I'll put a stop to that. Yeah, Vince figured you'd be ornery. You'd be in charge of the kid's affair. So he's arranged for you to meet with, uh, sudden death. Murder? Yeah. Then it'd be easy for the killer to pretend he's the kid's uncle and sell Vince the ranch dirt cheap. So that's his scheme. Here's the trees.  Me. What? You? He'll make a sound or a brilliant. You trick me.  I thought you were a friend. That was the idea. You smooth tongue. Easy. Hand over your credentials. Your stage ticket. You can't get away with this. The stage driver and the guard know me. They'll recognize you as an imposter. The stage changes hands at the station for the Runde Carson. A new driver and guard won't know the difference. Well, they'll hear your shot. You'll be caught in hang. I don't aim to shoot you here. What do you mean? Vince's boys are behind them trees. Waiting to take you to the hideout while I occupy your seat on the stage. And later? We'll see. Late the next day, an Indian dressed in buckskin made camp in a ravine a few miles from the Grant Ranch. Suddenly you heard hoofbeats and saw a boy, his small waist, weighted with a gun belt and two heavy sick shooters riding toward town. Fast overtaking him was a man and a black horse. The boy was Tim. The man was Hawk. Come on, Prince. Don't let him catch us. Enough. Faster, Prince, faster. Pull up that horse. Camera on show. We're heading for town and you can't stop us. I'm your uncle. You take orders from me. I don't like you. You leave me alone. Come on, Prince. Stop her in Maverick. Let's go on that bridal. Let's go, I told you. Oh, horse, pull up there. Let me go. Get off that horse. I won't. Prince is my pops horse. He's mine now. I reckon them six guns were your paws, too. I reckon they were. And I'm gunning for Vince McNary. I tell you, there's no use having trouble between us. It's young to be grease and leather. I'll show you. Say, that's a pretty fast draw you got there. You bet it is. I've been practicing. And I can shoot as fast as I can draw. Yeah. I reckon Vince McNary hears about that. He'll plum scare green. Better. I'm aiming to drill in between the eyes for double-crossing my dad in a gun duel. Yeah. I'll take your word for it. Give me them guns. Stop it. Let's go. Those are my shooting range. I'll take them. I'll put up arms. Let me carry them. You ain't got no right to take them. Now, you young whipper snapper. You give gun back. What? A ninja. Where'd you come from? Get out of here. I want to have a red skin telling me what to do. You give gun back. Oh, shoot. Oh, dog gone. Madeline Inchon. Well, you get up. Here. Here, your gun, Tim. Gee. Thanks.  I'm going. And it's for you, uncle.  You won't get another chance to take these guns away from me.   And you go now. I'll meet you again, Red Skin.  Remember that.  Oh, who's over who? You come in nick of time. Said it big fella. Thought I saw you fighting. Who was the boy? Him called Tim. Tim, huh? He's the son of the rancher, Vince McNary, shot in a cafe. Ah. Him want to fight Vince in Gondol. Why, it'd be suicide. Vince McNary is a crack shot. Well, Tim, plenty good, too. Him shoot crow from tree. That was a shot I heard. Ah. That boy's in danger. Vince McNary wants his ranch. Oh. Vince, plenty bad. The man you saw with Tim was Hawk, a notorious gunman. Boy, call him uncle. Are you sure? Ah. I heard Tim's uncle arrived on the stage yesterday to act as a boy's guardian. Oh, Hawk, not guardian. No. Something's happened to the real one. Something planned by Hawk and Vince McNary. Hawk, make believe him, guardian. It's easy for him to pretend. Neither he nor Tim's uncle are known around here. Ah. We've got to find the real uncle. It's our only chance to expose a masquerade. Me, hunt for him? Ask him, Osabe. I'll keep an eye on Tim. Come scout. Steady, big fella. Ah. I'll meet at the camp. Come on, Silver. Get him up, scout.  Little boy! The curtain falls on the first act of our Lone Ranger story. Before the next exciting scenes, please permit us to pause for just a few moments. The back room of a cafe, Vince McNary and Hawk completed their plans for swindling Tim of his ranch. I'm unaware that a masked man who wore silver-mounted six guns listened carefully to every word. It's a Lone Ranger, huh? Yeah. I'm sure he's a masked armory I saw riding up. If you should learn you're fake as a kid, something... Yeah, he won't. You might find the real Jed Grant. I've got him hid. Why don't you drill him and be done with it? I'll handle that, Vince, when I've got my cash. Don't aim to be double-crossed by you. You just pay me, then I'll see there's no witnesses against you or me. Yeah, he'll get your pay. When? As soon as we can get to the sheriff and close our deal. I'll pay 2,000 cash for the ranch and you'll use that power of attorney and sell it to me. 2,000? Well, it's worth ten times that. I'll pay two. When I know Jed is dead, I'll give you 2,000 more. I want to be sure he won't talk. He won't talk. And after I'm paid, he won't be able to talk. What if he escapes? He won't. You're as nervous as a woman, Vince. I've got a lot at stake. Just shoot square with me and you'll be all right. But remember that no man ever crossed me and lived to brag about it. In a small shack located in an arroyo not far from town, Jed Grant, whom Hawke had kidnapped, sat tied to a chair. Nearby, two hard-faced guards passed the time amiably. Your deal, I see. One, two, three, four, five. There's a bit of cash in after this handrope. Open. Yeah. Give me two cards. One, two. I'll take three. You looked at the prisoner lately? Yeah, he's safe. Wish Hawke would high-tail it up here and finish him. This place is getting on my nerves. Well, I haven't got much, but I'll call you. Two pair. Three little ones. They win. That's enough for me. Put away the cards. You know, I don't see why Vince wouldn't let us drill a grant in the first place. He'd have stopped it long before this. Hawke is being paid for the job. Guard! See what he wants, Rube. Common. These ropes are cutting my wrists. Ain't that too bad? How much longer might it be kept tied like this? Quit beefing.  Yeah, we won't have any of them ropes then. You'll be dead. You murderers! Button your lip.  I'll let you have it for keeps. Hey, Rube. What is it? I smell smoke. Smoke? Yeah, it seems to be coming from the front. We better have a look. If this shack catches fire, it'll burn like paper. You're not mixed on... What? Who are you? Me, Tonto. Me help you escape. I don't understand. You not talk now. Me cut rope. And come back pretty soon. There's a player, Rube. It's playing under that window. I'll get him water. One of the guards is coming. You're almost free now. Lefty, come here quick. Look, the red skin. There. You're free now. You come quick. No, you don't. Stop us. I'll fix you. You miss. We'll miss again. He saw you. Take that too. Are you fine? I'll ride with you, Tonto. We may get away fast. Rube, they're getting away. They won't get far. Racing toward the Lone Rangers camp, the sturdy paint, despite his double burden, soon out distant, then he fought a pursuit. Then with a masked man and his powerful white stallion in the lead, Scout resumed his stride toward the sheriff's office. Conferring with the sheriff, were Vince McNary and Hawk, posing as Tim's uncle and guardian. So you're Tim's uncle, huh? Yeah. That's right, sheriff. And legal appointed guardian, too. With authority to handle the kids' affairs. We wanted you to witness the sale, sheriff, so there wouldn't be doubt about it being lawful. Yeah, yeah. I reckon you're right at that. Folks around here have been plenty riled at your shooting Tim's father and the cafe Vince. If they thought there was anything underhanded about your buying the boys' ranch, they'd skin you alive. Now, this sales on the label, few. Well, you see, sheriff, Tim's father left a lot unpaid bills. And selling the ranch is the only way we can settle the accounts. Well, ain't nothing to stop you, as long as you got papers to prove who you are. Uh, here's my credentials. Hmm. Seems to be in order. Sure, sure, do you, sheriff. Just, uh, sign here as a witness to the sale. Right. I suppose my suspicions can't stop me from signing. Sheriff. Well, as I live and breathe. My name is Jett Grant. I'm Tim's uncle. He lies. He's an impostor. Sheriff, this here's Jett Grant. Hold on.  That man's a spittin' image of the man who was killed. You're right, sheriff. Tim's father and I were twins. That man held me prisoner. He stole my credentials. Now, it's clear as crystal. McNary, this is more of your work. You framed it so as you could buy the ranch for a song. Those papers prove... They prove you stole them. You're under arrest. Now, how about it, McNary? You going to squeal? Oh, I didn't have any part in this. I didn't know this man was an impostor. I didn't, and you can't prove what he did. Not unless that cook talks. Not unless he talks. Several hours after Hawk had been thrown in jail for impersonating Tim's uncle Jed, Vince McNary returned to the jailhouse. Under cover of darkness, he made his way quietly to the rear of the Dobie building and picking up a small stone he wrapped in the bars of Hawk's cell window.  I'll bust you out of jail if you're convicted. I ought to tell the whole thing you've got me into this. And I'll get you out. But not if I'm in jail with you.  Three days later, at their camp a few miles from the Grant Ranch, Tonto reported the newest developments to the Lone Ranger. Hold, Scott. Hold, Scott. Hold. You're early, Tonto. Judge sent him to jail. At least Vince McNary is still free. Why him not jailed, too? I persuaded the sheriff to release him. Me not savvy. Vince is guilty of a bigger crime than swindling. He killed Wendy Peters. We can't prove it unless Vince is free. Oh, Kimosabi, me bring note. Oh, it's from Tim. Ah. And it's addressed to Vince McNary. Ah, you read it. The challenge to Vince to meet Tim and a gun doer in the cafe tomorrow at noon. That's right. Why, Vince McNary is a killer. The boy won't have a chance. Ah, Tim, plenty good shot. Why did you bring me the note, Kimosabi? Well, Tim wants you to deliver note to Vince. It would be murder, I...wait. We may be able to use this note after all and without risk to Tim. What you mean? It's a chance to expose a murderer, Tonto. Listen. Following the Lone Ranger's instructions, Tonto took Tim's noted challenge to Vince McNary. Then he saw that word of the duel spread through the town. In no time, the gunfight became the primary subject of discussion. Kim will be on hand tomorrow at the cafe and shooting it out with McNary. Gunfight? Gunfight, my eye. It's murder. Kid won't have a chance.  Tim dismounted in front of the cafe. He tossed the reins over the hitch-rack and tugged at the heavy gun belt on his lean hips. His face looked old, far beyond his years as he mounted the cafe steps and crossed the porch. He pushed through the swinging doors. He noticed the sudden hush of the voices. I'm looking for Vince McNary. Well, McNary? I...heaven finished my drink. Remember what I told you, Vince. Give me a chance here if the kid will drill me. Well, the gun on the kid and I'll drill you. I'm gunning for you, Vince. Take it easy, Tim. Looks like he's turned yellow, boys. I'm inviting you to a draw, Vince.  Yeah, then you could shoot him while he couldn't see. I'll show you. Oh, bless you, sir, if you got me over a saddle.   This is your last chance.  That's telling him, Tim. Let me out of here. Let me through. I'll make a break with this six-gun. You'll not go. Take your hands off me right now. You stay here. You asked for an engine. Ow! Jump into the arse of that. That masked man shot Vince's gun right out of his hand. Let's give that murderin' polecat Vince McNary a taste of his own medicine, eh, boy? No, no. No, no, sir.  Help me, sir. Help me. Hold it a second, boys. No, no, don't let it get near you. McNary, take your choice. I'll walk out of here and let the crowd have you, or I'll take you with me to jail. Oh, no, no. Don't let him lynch me. How about jail? The mob will get you there. I ain't done nothin'. You can confess to murder. Wendy Grant was murdered. Self-defense. He was murdered. You know it was. I'll take a chance on a jury, givin' ya life in jail, or I'm walkin' out of here and leavin' ya. Go ahead, Sheriff. Leave us alone. Let us have the bombings. Leave in here without him. No, no, sir. Don't leave me here. I did it. I did it. I'll tell you. That's enough, boys. He's confessed. My dad's revenged. That mess man's responsible for this. He framed me. The Lone Ranger. Gentlemen, count. I have just heard it's a copyrighted feature of the Lone Ranger Incorporated.


This 2017 Ram 2500 Crew Cab Short Box is stock number 11920Z. We are here at Summit Automotive in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, you're new and used heavy duty truck and Ram headquarters. This 2017 Ram 2500 has the 6.7 liter Cummins diesel. It has been fully safety and inspected by our service shop as a fresh oil and filter change. All the fluids have been checked and topped off and this truck is 100% ready to go. Bright white clear coat is the color we shoot all of our videos in 1080p 60 frames per second. So if you have HD capabilities on your computer, tablet, smartphone, or television, turn them on right now because it is definitely your best way to check out the quality, condition, looks, and styling of the vehicle before seeing it in person. And if you like the video and want to subscribe to our YouTube channel and the lower right hand part of the screen is a gold subscribe button, click that and then click the bell notifications because we do videos of our vehicles each and every day here at Summit Auto and there might be something you want to check out and if you click those bell notifications you'll get updates every time we do one of those videos. Comes with the 20 inch painted fuel rims. Those are in nice shape and it has BF Goodrich mud terrain tires. These are 35 by 12 and a half R20LTs. I would say they have 80 to 90% of the tread left on them, a good amount of tread left on there. It does have a leveling lift kit. I would say it's probably about a two to two and a half inch leveling kit and it does come with some nice, they look like Rancho shocks but they don't really have a brand name on them. Front fender is in excellent shape, no dents or dings on there. It does have the projector lamp headlamps, the LED running lights. These sport package gives you the painted front bumper, no dents or dings or scuffs or scrapes on there. It does have the front bumper parking sensors. Hood is in excellent shape, no major dents or dings on there. Headlight lenses are nice and clear and the passenger side front fender is in nice condition as well. No scuffs or scrapes on that passenger rim. As you go down this side of the truck, take note of how clean the body is, how reflective and mirror-like that paint is. We take these HD videos so if you are far away or even if you're close by, just cannot make the trip down but you're still interested in purchasing the vehicle. You can see the truck here, the truck, and have confidence in the vehicle that you're looking at before you even get here. When you do get here, there's absolutely no surprises and you can make a smart buying decision from the comfort of your own home. Cab looks really good. That's why we do the videos, to make your life easier. This back rim is in excellent shape as well, no scuffs or scrapes on there. The back tires have just as much tread as the front tires. Frame and underbody is in nice shape, I didn't want to point out. It does have the rear airbag suspension on here, so the auto-leveling suspension and that's how it auto-levels. This is a sensor here, so when that pushes up it'll actually inflate it so it gets down to that level. Again, makes everything nice and straight. Frame and underbody, looks really good, has all the remaining factory exhaust.  Didn't want to point out there is one little ding right there, other than that I really didn't see anything wrong with this truck. Coming to the back, rear bumper looks great, does have the backup parking sensors. Tailgate is in nice shape, and it does come with a trifecta soft fold up tonneau cover. Back here we have a spray and bed liner, the fifth wheel and goose neck prep package. You also have LED bed lighting, seven pin wiring for that fifth wheel and goose neck, and the bed itself is in excellent shape, and that's a very nice spray and bed liner. Might be a factory one. Tailgate shuts nice and solidly, it is a locking tailgate, and you do get a backup camera on there. Down the driver's side just as clean as that passenger's side. No dents or dings on the box here, and for full disclosure this back rim is in excellent shape as well. Driver's side doors look really good, does have the enter and go system, the heated mirrors, these fold up for towing, directional signals on there. Notice you get the blacked out Cummins and Ram 2500 logo.  No rips, no tears on these seats, you get the Laramie embossed on the backrest. Seats are in really nice shape. Memory driver's seat, lumbar, weather tech floor mats, throughout, auto headlamps, power windows, power locks, power mirrors, you get the wood grain and leather bolster on there, and then these mirrors do power fold in. I always like showing both sides so that you know that both sides are all the functions are working with the truck as they're meant to. We will hop inside here and we'll turn the ignition on in a second. You can see it has the 7-inch LCD display and this truck has 30,627 miles outside temp, range to empty compass display and you can change those corners to read whatever you'd like. It does come with the digital speedometer, instrument cluster is very nice and clean. Comes with the heated leather wrap steering wheel, cruise controls and the right Bluetooth and information center controls on the left. You do get audio controls on the back of the steering wheel. This one comes with the 6-speed automatic transmission with the optional tap shift. This one has the 8.4 3C radio. You get AM, FM and Sirius XM radio capabilities on here. You can also check out your heated seats and cooled seat buttons. This is also where your backup camera shows up which you can do right there. You get all your different apps in here. You can do your climate controls here as well. This has dual climate control. This is a 3C radio. So what's nice about this one is even though it doesn't have navigation system on it, you can add nav for $5.95 so your sales professional for more details, we can do it here at the dealership. Down here is your turned-out four-wheel drive. Dual climate controls and all your other climate controls, factory brake controller. That's your alternate trailer height. That's for that auto-leveling rear suspension. You can have different trailers set up so it will automatically pump it up to the right level.  And you do get a 115-bolt, 150-watt plug-in comes with the keyless entry with the remote start on there. And the key fob is in really nice shape. Pass and your side format and seat are in excellent condition. No rips or tears on there. Looks really good. And the headliner is in really nice shape on this truck. Didn't see any rips or tears up there. Map lights, power sign, rear window button, and your home link buttons for your garage store security systems and lighting systems, 911 and assist buttons in the room here. And we'll take a quick look at the back seats and then we'll start it up. Back seats are just as clean as front seats. No rips or tears back here. It does have the latch child safety system for any child car seats you may want to put back there. Power slide and rear window with the built-in rear defrost. Seats are in great shape. Weather tech floor mat back here. These back seats are heated on the outboard side. It does come with a winter front. You get storage underneath there. And it does have a load floor, which is a really nice feature. If you've got muddy boots or tools, put them out there. You're not going to wreck a nice leather seat. So if you've got pets, put both sides down. They've got a nice flat place to lay, which is nice, too, because then they won't wreck your seats. Storage underneath here with removable storage bin for easy cleaning. You can put ice and drinks in there, and it's like you have too many coolers wherever you go. It does have side carrying airbags. You get that nice leather bolster and wood grain trim on the doors in the back and the child safety locks right there. We'll start it up and then take a quick look under the hood. And when I start it up, I want to show you there's no check engine lights or anything going on here. Starts right up. I would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today. And hopefully from this HD video, you'll be able to tell just how clean this truck is all the way around inside. No. Under the hood, we have the 6.7 liter Cummins diesel. Engine base, very clean, runs very smooth. Once again, this truck has been fully safe and inspected by our service shop as a fresh oil and filter change, all the fluids have been checked and topped off. And this truck is 100%. Ready to go. Here's your emissions sticker. I would highly recommend this truck from a quality and condition standpoint. And to see more pictures of this truck or one of our other 450 new and used cars, trucks, SUVs, minivans, Wranglers, half tons, three quarter tons, one tons. You name it. We got to go to that website right there, www.summitauto.com. Full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle from two locations all at summitauto.com. And if you'd like to check out more HD videos, you can go to youtube.com slash summitauto. Remember to like, subscribe, and share, and click the bell notifications on this video and all the videos that you see there. In fact, in a second, you'll see a link to subscribe to our YouTube channel on the upper left. And to more Ram 2500 truck videos like this one in the upright. Link to this vehicle on our website in the lower left. And a link to one of our latest YouTube videos in the lower right. Click those. Check us out. Now we're super excited to help you with this Ultra Clean 2017 Ram 2500 True Cab Short Box Laramie Sport in bright white clear coat. Thanks again. Remember to click those bell notifications.


The fieldwork is a two-week trip to southern France in Dignée-les-Bains where we are based. We will live in a campsite and it's in Provence, in southern France. It's a two-week field trip for the hydrology and water resource students and ten days field trip for fieldwork for the river basin development students. The whole idea of this fieldwork is that the students get to apply what they have learned throughout the past modules, back home, back at ENDALFT, in reality, in practice, something that we'll also be doing once they finish their course. The first day that we are in the field we do, we call it the geo-work. It's about eight hours geological work, we observe along a mountain road, a small road, and we observe all the geological formations which are there, the type of rocks. We take samples, we analyze them with the lens, with the compass, we measure the deep strike of the layers. And then the second and the third day, those are experimental days in which they learn to use several tools and do field experiments with discharge measurements, geophysical surveying, drilling, borehole log descriptions, some chemistry. We look at sediments in rivers. Here, for example, we're doing sediment tests, and it's quite important for designing structures on rivers or how to understand the behavior of the river. To look at the distribution of sediments, we look at methods how to characterize basins. So I think from an educational point of view it's a very important step that people go to the field and measure, because behind your computer and from the books or the theory it's all nice, but these students now learn that there's a big difference between theory and practice. You have to be here in the field and see the things are not so perfect. You can drill a hole until stone, and then you have to start over again. And in the future, in their jobs, it's very important when they send out people to the field that they really know, remember this feeling of being in the field. Later, when they use data in models, for example, or for evaluating how much water there is in the river, they have some feeling about, well, how accurate is that data and what they can value it because they now understand what it means to actually capture discharge data. And then they go into the field with their assignments, different assignments, and for the hydrology and water resource students, this is getting to know the time-dependent water balance of a catchment and what are the factors that influence that water balance. Also land use is a very important aspect there. So if you have human activities that are everywhere around us and how they affect both the hydrological system in terms of quantity as well as quality, how they affect the quality of the water. Yesterday also we did water quality analysis. We identified the water type. We are getting a lot of experience. This is important to know what happens, for example, if there's a rainfall event. How quickly will the water end up in the river and do we have to take measures? But also on the longer term, what if scenarios? What if the climate changes and more rainfall or the rainfall will be more intense? What will happen in that catchment? The river-based development participants design a sediment protection structure like a check dam so to avoid sediment to come downstream and be sedimented nearby the villages. But they need, of course, to measure the profile of the river, the cross sections, but also discharge and other characteristics of that river basin. And that will help them make a solid engineering design. Our studies often depend on our models' dependent data but what does it mean to capture that data in the field? How do you do it and also what sort of mistakes can you make and how accurate is that data? We think that's extremely important for using that data later on in modelling studies. They'll be working on those catchments in small groups and then in the end they will have to report on what they found in their catchment affecting the hydrology of that system and the water balance of it. I'm usually working on administrative stuff, mostly upper document. This is a brand new experience for me that I can actually go on the field side to work on different experiences. Field visit is a kind of reflection of what we have been taught in a class. All the things that I see in the books, most of them we get to see it here so it's interesting and a good experience for me. It's good to know and to understand how things work and how they do it and how hard it is sometimes. Are there lynxes? Oh! Hey, wait! Yeah, one more time.


Welcome to Toffee TV. We are here at Clare House Hospice as Everton players Amadou, Onana and Azmiah Begavitch. Come and spread some Christmas cheer and surprise the kids today as they have their Christmas party. Let's go in. Azmiah, welcome to Toffee TV. Well thanks for having me. What's it feel like coming to somewhere like Clare House just before Christmas and you know spreading the joy that you do? Well I think it's always a special experience. I mean I know that we're in a very fortunate position that we can come here and spread a bit of joy, see the kids, see the parents, probably a bit of a difficult time for them. So if we can spin it in any sort of positive way, spread a bit of positive festive cheer then you know it's something we do with great pleasure. There's obviously a lot of pressure surrounding football and certainly nowadays with all the external forces. Does this bring your dance of air for a little bit and show the reality of what the world's really like? Oh absolutely you know we get caught up in a little football bubble at times. You're right and when you come here and you see the families that are coming you know going through a bit of a difficult time it's very humbling for us as individuals and I think for you know for society in a collective. So it's a great thing to do. It's really nice seeing smiles on the faces especially the kids you know and hand out some presents and like you said it's a very special humbling experience. Yeah it's been it's been a strange season hasn't it? Just the way the calendar's fallen this season, the World Cup is just finished. How do you look at the whole season so far?  Yeah I think for me individually ups and downs you know obviously I've got my role to play. I always enjoy playing when I get called up upon and otherwise you know support Jordan push him help the team in any way that I can but overall as a collective it's been yeah it's probably an ups and downs as you rightly say I think we obviously had a difficult week heading into the break which left a bad taste in our mouth and obviously something we have to correct so but because it's been a little bit stop-start we're looking forward to real you know big round of games now and hopefully push ourselves in the right direction. Was having the World Cup in the middle of the season a little bit of a distraction in terms of you couldn't quite focus on the whole season knowing that that was coming up in November into December and there was going to be that huge gap in the middle of it. Is that sort of curtailed any kind of potential momentum that we got a little bit earlier than you know you mentioned that week before the season stopped? Yeah well it was always playing on the back of people's minds and I'm sure for the lines they were pushing to get into squads or involving squads it's in the back of your mind so maybe you're playing with that on your mind which of which will affect things it's definitely been a different sort of year we're not we're not used to this sort of break and it's the first I've known of it really in 20 years of playing in England besides the Covid break so it's been strange but I think we're looking forward to getting back at it on Boxing Day and and pushing on. You obviously travelled down to Australia you went to America in the summer as well unfortunately picked up an injury what was that like going to see obviously Everton fan bases in two different parts of the world you know other than obviously Merseyside in the UK? Well we were in America obviously last summer in the summer and you know we saw our fan base in America and that's always very very special and it's amazing to see how how much the game has grown and obviously the the reach that Everton has sometimes we don't quite realize that being here but I think Australia really blew my mind I mean honestly to go over there to go that far away and then again Celtic in particular to see so many Everton fans was pretty was pretty mind-blowing really and really special and obviously shows how big this club is and the amazing fan base we have all around the world so they're able to see them in the flesh and live in action and it was really really nice and something that I think was really special for all of us. Obviously we've seen a few kids you know coming through during the Australia trip how welcoming is that to the team and how much of a refresh does having young players coming through in the squad benefits everybody else? Yeah it's good I mean if you look over the years even before I joined the club Everton was quite known for bringing their own players through and that's something they took a lot of pride in and I think there's just in general I think there's better alignment in the club I think from top down with with management director football manager and you can see now there's a pathway and a really way a better way of working and that obviously takes time to build and you can see kind of now that work starting to really pay off and I'm sure some of these kids will have a bright future and hopefully many of them in an Everton shirt. Did you watch much of the World Cup obviously just finished? Well I watched as much as I could obviously we were in Australia for the first part which was difficult and then when you're at home with the family you know you want to try and spend as much time as you can with them but certainly the last couple of weeks once we got to the knockout stages I watched a lot of the games and and I thought it was a really fascinating World Cup obviously topped off with you know an amazing final. What did you think of Jordan Pickford's performances because obviously in the last I think three turns for England he's done really really well but obviously what's your view as being a professional goalkeeper? Same again same again honestly I think he was he was faultless he was really clean in his performance did everything that was asked of him to do and pretty much all he's done ever since he's played for England really provided that solid consistent presence for that team obviously he's becoming now a bit more of a senior player so I think he's he's playing a big role in that dressing room as well so you know I was impressed with Jordan but nothing that I wouldn't have expected anyway. There's a bit of a strange debate around Jordan isn't there? He is absolutely fantastic. By who? By who?  Yeah I mean we don't pay too much attention to some of those outside world you know it's too much going on to focus on on daily basis but having worked you know so closely with Jordan now first hand obviously one we've become good friends but two yeah you see the quality and I think his performances he was player the year last year everything he's done this year and over the many years you know what he's done for England everything playing at this level it's not something that you could you can take lightly and take for granted and I think he's done a great job and you know he's a top level goalie. And obviously we saw the final this weekend Messi capping off a absolutely wonderful career where do you rank him amongst the greats of football? Oh gosh I mean I always find those those questions difficult um players goalkeepers you know how do you rank people there's no criteria there's no formula calculation for it is there so but he's right up there Messi I mean it was special to see him get that sort of last trophy that was missing for him really and obviously the Copa America as well in last couple years it's really come together for him with the national team that was the one thing probably he always said that was missing from his career he wanted that success with the national team and to see the performance he put in this whole tournament obviously yesterday scoring that you know crucial goal for them as well and then independently shootouts so yeah really special you know I think a great career and he's right up there with the best and obviously the World Cup was in Qatar somewhere new but in four years time or three and a half years time it's going to be in North America it's going to be in Canada now which you're looking forward to seeing you know Canada getting a little bit of the action. Amazing well deserved I think they've got two two cities Toronto, Vancouver um it's always a good show whenever anything's in North America so I'm sure this this this World Cup is not going to be any different um but looking forward to it Canada deserves it they've invested a lot and really worked hard over the last 20 or so so years to get Canada back on the map and obviously that was highlighted by their participants in the participation in the last World Cup so they're growing they're getting better and I'm sure they're looking forward to being one of the hosts. Yeah it should be should be really exciting on that one and in terms of ever now obviously we're coming back on Boxing Day Wolves and how much are you looking forward to the second half of the season and having that continuous run now to the end of the season and you know obviously we know there's not going to be any stoppages now. Yeah really really much so I think again we had a long summer and the fact that our squad wasn't really ready until September and we didn't get everyone back so then we kind of got going stop start I think now with the squad we have obviously any possible additions in January we'll see but with the squad we have really looking forward to kicking on and putting in some good performances and getting those points on the board. And you're obviously here today Claire also with Amadou and Ana who seems a real live wire a really good guy but just in terms of the Everton squad you know around this time of year who's the one who really loves Christmas who's the one who's watching Christmas 24 in November and getting ready for it? Actually I don't know it's not really been part of the discussion like I see someone like Connor Cody being quite quite cheesy and liking these things but yeah a few good lads in the squad and I'm sure they'll get into their Christmas festivities. Is there any grinches amongst the squad anyone who doesn't really like Christmas who's so focused on the Boxing Day game that it just passes them back? Well I hope we have a few so it's a big game for us. It's a big game you want everyone focused not too much Christmas dinner but no a good squad everything all the lads are looking forward to the festivities time with the family but then also looking at the business end. It is a strange time of year isn't it for a footballer it's not something maybe us fans understand but has this year been any different or is it just normal you know obviously training on Christmas day and just getting on with the business? Yeah well I think the normality will start now I think the last sort of week leading into the Boxing Day game and and the training and really preparing for the game against Wolves I think that'll bring us back to normality but yeah it's a strange time of year for us it's obviously all go as you rightly know that the fixtures come thick and fast and you know we're looking forward to that and you know everyone else can enjoy the holiday festivities and the football and TV and going to the stadiums but I think we're just looking forward to the games now. Fantastic thank you. Thank you. So there you go big thank you to Everton and a big thank you to Clare House and the magnificent work they do especially at this time of year making so many families feel happy and special over the festive period. If you'd like to donate to Clare House there is a link in the description to help them continue to do the fantastic work they do. Thank you for watching Toffee TV.