The planning department helps build strong neighborhoods by working with those neighborhoods to determine what their needs are. Every neighborhood is going to have different needs based on the people and land uses that surround them. So we work with them to help them to determine what those are and help them put them in place. We literally build the neighborhoods. Our department contributes to strong neighborhoods because I think we really, really build the streets. We build the sidewalks, the curbs, the gutters. We do the water. We do the sewer. We go out and rehabilitate old streets. HED builds strong neighborhoods by connecting with the community. We build strong neighborhoods by promoting the development of residential development, the building of homes, new homes, the repairs of existing homes. By providing services to those in need and by working with the commercial developers to continue to make Fort Worth a growing prosperous city. We build strong neighborhoods by making sure there is reliable water supply and wastewater service to those areas because you can't grow. You can't have a community if you have nothing to do with the waste that you generate or you don't have drinking water. It's just as critical as well for the economy. You don't have economic growth without safe and reliable water and wastewater services. My department contributes to developing a sound economy because we actually have attorneys that work directly with our financial management services department and with our economic development group. Financial management services from the standpoint of whether it's issuing bonds, issuing certificates of obligation, making sure that Fort Worth is sound financially and then also from an economic development standpoint bringing businesses into the economy to boost it. A sound economy, what we do in that area is keep the property values up. And we do that by keeping neighborhoods cleaner, safer and more attractive and that way when you get ready to sell your house or look at a new school then you're looking at hopefully a neighborhood that's been improved or is improved to your standards to make you want to live in the city of Fort Worth. The Fort Worth Police Department, we're working to strive to build stronger relationships with the community to make our community safe and we do this in a number of ways. Probably the most pronounced way is we deal with members of our community in the Code Blue program with the extra eyes that we have on the street that allows us to locate and deter crime and it makes our citizens feel safer in the residents. It makes a stronger community for us. Since the early 90's we've worked through the MPOs which is our neighborhood policing officers to develop programs to get the community to interact and engage in what we're doing. The real strength comes from these programs is not so much from the partnership but the relationships we build with the citizens of the community. We listen, we work with them and it's a team, it's a joint effort on making our community safe. We help with our emergency operations center so if there is a fire with contaminants we do the plume modeling that allows first responders to come in and that helps provide a safer community. My department helps provide a safe community by supporting locations such as the 911 call center, police operations day to day in any aspect they may need for computers and support. We ensure the safety and sanitation of the childcare in the city that all the citizens use on a daily basis to take care of their children. We inspect and ensure the food safety of the restaurants, the grocery stores, the festivals that we offer here. We also check for the safety of public swimming pools and that's just some examples of what we do to ensure the safety of the citizens of Fort Worth. We foster a healthy environment by participation in the Fort Worth Better Billings Challenge and therefore air quality and so by reducing electric consumption we're improving the air quality and reducing the different problems that are associated with that like asthma and health concerns and other things of that issue. We build better communities in HR by giving the citizens the best employee and the best workforce that we can put together to service their needs. That's how we really build stronger communities. Together we're building strong neighborhoods. Together we are developing a sound economy. Together we are providing a safe community. Together we are fostering a healthy environment. We're working together to build a strong community.


A ten stick, and how much is a ten stick worth? Ten. Ten. So I have my ten stick, and I have one cube. What if I had three cubes? How much is this worth, right here? Thirteen. Ten, and three more makes? Thirteen. Thirteen. Great. Now, I'm going to put that on a number bond. I'm going to put ten here, Bakari, ten here, and I'm going to put my three here. What number do I make when I put them together? Thirteen. Thirteen. Ten, and three makes thirteen. Say it with me. Ten, and three makes thirteen.


Hey everybody, welcome back to Magic Brothodoxy. My name is David and this is a deck review. Hey, today we're going to look at the Jet Setter playing cards. This was a Kickstarter project. It was actually the second time the creator had run this project. The creator behind Jet Setter playing cards is Paul Ruccio. So the Jet Setter deck was inspired by the roadside signs that you see that kind of guide travelers into the airport. And so this deck has kind of like an airline theme throughout. The front of the top case just says Jet Setter and luxury playing cards. This is all embossed and then this right here, this is a special kind of embossing. There's no color under this. It's a clear coat raised on the front of this and sometimes in the white photography lighting you don't even see it. On the side there it says precisely printed by the Legends playing card company. And on this side it says Jet Setter playing cards. On the bottom you have some ad copy. The top says diamond finish and poker size. And the back design of the tuck case is the back design of the cards. There is no tuck seal on the tuck flap. That's really cool. And then you can see on the inside of the tuck case itself is that same really cool deep hunter green. All right, so that is pretty much it for the tuck case. Let's take a look at these cards. Like I said, these are printed from the Legends play card company and they do have, they're a legendary diamond finish. They're very thick, very durable, very snappy of playing cards. And as you can see from the back design, there's a very thin, remarkably thin micro border. It has a ultra precise printing registration that you can only get from Legends. You really had to do that because of the really tiny detail in those planes. You can just imagine if the registration was off a little bit from cut to cut. You'd see the planes kind of like dancing across your spread. But they did a really great job down there at Legends. And as you can see, the back design is just this repeated pattern. It's almost a casino style pattern of the little tiny planes repeated across.  As you can see, the plane is going one way to the left and then the other way to the right on both. You might ask, well, why do they do red and black and not red and green like the deck? Well, it's the same color as the pips. Okay, so you have a black suit and you have a red suit. That's why you have a red joker and a black joker. Because this was a Legends playing card run, the run is a little bit smaller, so you don't have the same availability to make multiple gas or ad cards.  Your ace of spades has a nice big fatty spade pip there in the center. It says jet setter and luxury playing cards down there at the bottom. Your pips and indices cards are completely standard and all easily recognizable and your court cards are all standard as well. However, the black court cards have been recolored in green and yellow to match the theme of the deck. All right, so that is it for the Jets that are playing cards from Legends and Paul Ruccio. And as always recommend that you like this video just so other people can find it faster. We also recommend that you subscribe to this channel just to stay up to date on the latest in cards and card magic. Now, if you want to follow me on social media, you can. I'm at facebook.com, magic, orthodoxy, twitter.com, slash magic, orthodoxy, and instagram.com slash magic, orthodoxy. Thanks, bye.


So, after nearly three months of lockdown, India has started opening again. And one of the most important things to restart is the airline industry. But a lot has changed. Flying is not the same anymore. So if you're wondering, what does it look like to take a domestic flight in 2020, keep on watching. Hi guys, my name is Shachi and I'm a travel and visa coach. Now a little disclaimer before we start this video, I myself did not take any flight but I reached out to some of you who have taken a flight in the last two weeks. So a big shout out to everybody who helped with all the information, the pictures and the videos in compiling this video for the rest of us. So in this video, I'm going to take you through the exact steps which are being followed in airports across India currently when it comes to taking a domestic flight. And at the end of the video, I'm also going to share some tips and precautions which you can follow to ensure extra safety. Let's get started. You are currently required to reach the airport at least two hours before the departure of your flight. A lot of people I spoke to mentioned that due to social distancing and also due to the low staff strength at the airports, the entire process of checking in the luggage and the security check is taking longer than usual. So make sure that you keep adequate time cushion before your flight and reach at least two to two and a half hours before the departure. Once you reach the airport, you will have to take a printout of your boarding pass and of the luggage tag from kiosks outside the airport. Now, some of the airports in India still do not have this facility. So as a backup, do carry printout of these two things that is your luggage tag and your boarding pass from home also. But you need to have the Arogya Setu app downloaded in your mobile phone. And this is compulsory for each and every passenger who is traveling. And also, this app needs to be in the green. That is, it needs to show that you are not coming from a containment zone or from a high risk area. Once you have all of this ready, you proceed towards the entrance of the airport towards the security personnel.  You can even have the boarding pass in your phone. So a E boarding pass will also do. Once that is checked, you will be thermally screened to ensure that you're not running a high temperature and then your luggage will be sanitized. For this, you will be allowed to enter the airport. Once you enter the airport, you proceed straight to the luggage check-in area.  So there is no point looking for waiting areas. Just proceed straight to the luggage check-in. Currently, all airlines in India are allowing just one piece of check-in luggage and the maximum weight of this luggage can be 20 kilos. So make sure that you carry just one piece of luggage with you. A lot of care is being taken to ensure the safety of the airline staff. So once you reach the check-in counter, they will again be behind a glass shield and a glass counter so that there is some amount of physical separation and you will be required to just show your boarding pass and then drop your luggage. Unlike the earlier times where the boarding pass would be physically handed to you and also it would be stamped, none of that is being done right now. Some of the airports in India are also asking you to give a health declaration. So if the airport you're travelling with requires you to do that, you also need to fill out this declaration and hand it while checking in your luggage. So do make sure that you have a pen handy with you so that you don't have to borrow or use a pen which is meant for everybody.  And again, a lot has changed in the security check area. Now unlike earlier where the luggage would be physically handled and it would be touched and opened, all that is completely done away with. It is just being digitally screened and also the body screening of passengers is happening from a distance to ensure safety of everybody. And your boarding pass is just going to be scanned digitally. There is no more stamping and no more signing of the boarding pass which is required. A lot of people that I spoke to also mentioned that the trays that are being used during security check are being sanitized after each and every passenger uses it so as to ensure everybody's safety. Once you're through with the security check, you go to the waiting area of your flight and wait for the boarding to take place. Again, the waiting area has been managed to ensure social distancing. Alternate seats have been marked off and cordoned off. I also got to know that some of the airports have actually replaced the metal benches in the waiting area with plastic seats because these seats are easier to clean and they're easier to sanitize. So you're required to wait in this waiting area till your flight is announced. All the airlines are also providing a basic protection kit to all passengers. This kit consists of a mask, it consists of a face shield and it also consists of a small bottle of sanitizer. These are for you to use and discard after your flight. You do not have to return it to the airline. And in case you get a middle seat in the flight, you're also being given a complete PPE kit. Most of the airports in India do have a few shops and cafes open. So if you want to eat or drink anything, do it at the airport itself because eating or drinking is still restricted in the flight. Once your flight is ready for takeoff, you'll be asked to board the flight. Again, boarding is no longer in one big queue with everybody standing together. It is being staggered and small groups of people are being called at a time with the six-foot distance being maintained while boarding the flight. Once you're inside the flight, you will see that the on-flight staff is wearing the complete PPE kit and the complete protection suit, which I think is so essential for their safety. Some of the airlines are giving a bottle of water to each passenger, but apart from that, there is no other service on the airline. There is absolutely no food being served and you're also being discouraged from eating or drinking anything in the flight. So please make sure to follow these guidelines. The washrooms inside the flight are open and you are allowed to use it. But once the flight is taken off, it is not being sanitized after each passenger. So if you need to use a washroom, make sure that you carry a bottle of spray sanitizer with you and use that before using the washroom.  And some of the airports are also asking you to give a health declaration and a declaration regarding your address so that you can be contacted if it is required. Some airports are also putting the stamp on your hand and this is basically a quarantine stamp which mentions the dates in which you have to be under quarantine. Most of the states in India have restarted public transport in some form or the other but it is not 100% operational everywhere so that you check this well in advance for your destination and also make the necessary arrangements. And lastly, almost all states have some sort of quarantine rules but again, these are changing every single day and this is differing from state to state. So in the description box below, we have a link which gives the details of the latest quarantine rules across all the states in India. So before you undertake your journey, make sure that you check it out and you are aware of the quarantine rules that you have to follow once you reach your destination. So guys, these are the steps which are being followed across all the airports in India when it comes to taking domestic flights. A few things might differ from one airport to another but this is a basic framework and the basic guideline which exists currently. Now as I mentioned at the beginning of the video I do have some special tips and precautions for you and these have been compiled taking the inputs of everybody who has travelled in the last two weeks. So let's talk about that. The first one is that though airlines are giving you a basic protection kit consisting of a mask, a face shield and a sanitizer, if you feel that you need extra protection or you need to be extra careful, then feel free to carry other things with you. Carry gloves, you can carry headgear, you can carry shoe covers, you can in fact carry the entire PPE kit. Now social distancing is not really possible inside a packed flight so it's really up to you to ensure your safety. Second, when it comes to food, if you feel that you are going to have a long journey ahead and you will need to eat some food, then carry some dry food from home and eat it in the airport before you board your flight. So this way you can avoid queuing up at the airport cafes and also avoid the risk of eating outside food. The third point is regarding your hand luggage. Now currently all airlines are allowing one piece of hand luggage but try and minimize this and try not to carry any hand luggage with you. This is because a hand luggage would have various touch points in the airport at the waiting area, at the security check and then once you're inside the flight, you're not allowed to keep it in the overhead compartment, you have to keep it next to you and close to you. So this really increases the risk of contact with a luggage which has already had so many touch points. So it would be best to minimize this and not carry any hand luggage at all. Fourth tip is avoid storing or putting anything in the front pockets that is the pockets which are there in front of your seat because this is a place where maximum people would have put their hands, would have touched it and we don't really know for sure whether these are being cleaned and sanitized after each and every flight. The fifth tip is regarding the washrooms. Now it might not be possible to completely avoid using washrooms but if you do have to use it, use it in the airport itself and carry a bottle of spray sanitizer with you and sanitize the washroom before you use it. Completely avoid using the washrooms in the flights because once the flight has taken off there is no sanitizing that is being done after each and every passenger and that just increases the risk of contamination. Sixth tip is that if by any luck you find that the flight that you're in has empty seats then feel free to ask for a change of seat if you're sitting next to somebody. Now most of the flights currently are completely packed but there are flights which have empty seats around. So it's just better for your safety and the safety of the person that you're sitting next to if you move to an empty seat. So don't hesitate to ask for a change of seat. The seventh tip is regarding the queues for boarding and de-boarding. A lot of you mentioned that some amount of overcrowding is still happening when it comes to boarding and de-boarding the flight and social distancing is not really being followed. Guys, please take a lot of care to ensure this and take your time for boarding and de-boarding the flight. Even if this takes more of your time it is still better given that this is going to ensure your safety and reduce the risk of contacting the coronavirus. The eighth tip is that many of the flights are being cancelled at the last minute. Some of them even couple of hours before the departure time. So make sure that you keep your schedule flexible and also be ready to make any last minute changes and last minute bookings. And the ninth tip is for elderly people in your family who might be travelling alone. So if you have an elderly person who's taking the flight then make sure that you prepare them well and educate them about all the things that they need to do. This is because the staff's flight at airport is currently really low and there is no assistance which is being given to elderly people or to people with infants. So they really have to manage everything on their own so it would be better to prepare them for this. So guys, these were my safety tips and measures. If you have taken a flight recently in the last two weeks and if you have any other safety measures or precautions which one should take do put it down in the comment section below. It's going to help all of us. Before I end this video I also do wanna say that even though flights have reopened please do not travel unless it's absolutely necessary. A lot of precautions are being taken by both the airlines and the airport staff but travelling is still not 100% safe. It's really up to you and me to take care of ourselves. Thank you so much for watching this video. If you know someone who's going to take a flight in the near future, do share this video with them. I really think it's going to help them out and as always I'll see you in the next one. Signing off for now. Bye.


Hi everyone, Joe for jaspyscasebrakes.com, coming at you with 2022 Panini Legacy Football, 4 box picker team number Sweet 16 here on a Sunday, a sweet, sweet Sunday. Thanks for making me and Jaspys part of your day. No vet commonship, only that does, and if you follow the instructions here, you got a chance at winning some breaky break credit, good luck. Big thanks to this group for making it happen Sunday the 14th, already in the middle of the month, Alan with double last spot mojo, Panthers bears to close out the break. Next four box break is in the store. Thank you, thank you, thank you. Good luck everybody. Rob wants to see another dare to tear. Did you tear or did you not get it in the mail yet? Box one of four, got a little, not in the mail yet, got it. Got a little preseason football actioning happening today. Not sure if there's anything, is there anything terribly exciting happening? I think it was just Raiders Vikings today? No, there had to be more preseason. Raiders beat the Vikings 26-24 or whatever that's worth, but anyhow, we're inching closer and closer to the actual season. Yeah, mom's look okay, right? Let's see, any headlines here? Oh man, poor Zach Wilson, Jets quarterback Zach Wilson down for what, four to six weeks? Give or take? I don't think you might not miss too much time, but you know, still a young quarterback needing as many reps and needs to build as much chemistry as possible with his teammates, but yeah, it looks like he's out for a little bit. Burrow Joe Burrow for the Bengals, practicing in seven on seven drills, Jets, Zach Wilson timeline will depend on the knee scope. Oh, is it two to four weeks? I thought it was four to six. Maybe initially four to six, maybe it's been upgraded to two to four, that'd be better. I guess it just depends on the outcome of the arthroscopic knee surgery. Apparently it's an MCL, which is not as disastrous as the ACL, I think. I'm not a doctor, but oh yeah, I guess it was updated. Expecting is two to four weeks, bone bruise and torn meniscus in his right knee. Current believes the meniscus needs only a trim and not a full repair. We'll see what happens. Yeah, hopefully on the shorter side. Here's the first box. That's to 100. Jordan Davis and our shipping, our sorting and shipping team will sleeve and top load all of those cards before they're sorted and shipped out, obviously. Just in the interest of time, we just want to breeze through these. And I'll set aside any lower numbered cards or any of the rookie quarterbacks that catch my eye. It's nice Garrett Wilson speaking of the Jets under the lights autograph. 15 out of 35, right? Garrett Wilson is Jets. I'll double check. I'm still in the preseason learning of these him. Yes, Jets. And that's a nice autograph for Tanner Wilson. There you go, Tanner. Be a dynamic pass catcher for the Jets. That's number. That's to 199, worn moon for the Oilers, but it'll go to the Titans. Got a Cam Smith Mini, 26 out of 25 for the Saints. That's going to go to Tyrone, Trent McDuffie, Derek Henry for the Titans to 125. That's for Rick. Did Desmond Ritter get any time in any recent preseason games? If so, how did he do? It's Trey McBride to 149. Tanner with the Cardinals. Justin saw the play where Zach Wilson went down. Immediately thought ACL then Twitter doctors went while claiming it was ACL. It's much so much so that people were confronted. Twitter doctors. Then you realized you could fade those Twitter doctors, right, Justin? There's Kyler Murray to 299. There's a little Mini Desmond Ritter for the Falcons. That'll be for Rick. Oh, yeah. There you go, Mike Tower. To borrow from Bossman's Price Guide days. Yeah, he was the Price Guide editor back in the 80s. 90s as well for Beckett Magazine. Who gets the up arrow after the first week of preseason? Oh, Ritter through two touchdowns in 60 rushing yards. That's pretty good. Here's Romeo Dobbs, 196 out of 249. This is a pack for Jeremy. Apparently, he's been looking pretty good in preseason too. I've not actually put eyeballs on it, but Packers fans have seen pretty bullish on this kid. There's Malik. I did see some of Malik Willis. He looked pretty good. Rick T with the Titans. All right, that was box one. Justin, Justin's saying, uh, George Pickens. Malik Willis, Kenny Pickett, up arrows. There are the trash bag there. What are some of the other top headlines on ESPN? Packers Activate 3, including Titan, Tanya off the putt list. Falcons, Drake, London, Knee. Likely to sit out some practice. NFLPA, upset with Soldier Field conditions. What's going on out there? Just for kicks, Chief Safety Reed boots a successful PAT. That's nice. Jilo, what's going on? Yeah, that's kind of the look I'm going with. Football coach look. John Gruden, where the visor. Josh McDaniel, Raiders coach, where's the visor? Well, I bet a lot of football coaches wear the visor, right? How many PGA tour members wear the visor? How many golfers wear the visor? Is Bubba Watson still rock the visor? I think he does. It's Mike Towersfall. He did not get a chance to most Soldier Field before the game. Come on, Mike. Got one job. Justin likes Chris Olave. He's getting a lot of chatter, but Ian Book still just looks like a JVQB. Sam Howell looking. Oh, Phil, yeah, that's right. Phil rocks the visor. Joe Burrow to 299. During physical activity, I get a little extra sweat going on. Sometimes gets into the eyes. I got a... I think the visor is a little more of a tighter fit. I wonder if that's gonna... I'm gonna have to try to do a little range session with the visor and just see how that... see how it goes. Tighten up my hat. I had a 150 Josh Jacobs for the Raiders. Raiders winning their pre-season game today for whatever that's worth. We got a pink cracked ice out of five. Coralyn Sutton. That's a train whistle. Mike Weir, Miguel Angel Jimenez also rocked the visors on the tour. Nice. So out of five's and under get the train whistle. Who's got my rivals? Patrick with Denver. And all aboard, the big hit express. No, yeah, well, I mean, I don't sweat during group rigs. This is hardly physical activity. I'm talking like athletic activity as an athlete myself. You know, Zamir White, Zeus has looked good, TC. Last two pre-season games look really good. I like that running back room that the Raiders have. There's the 125 for the Buffalo Bills. Generations insert. Jan. I still like Josh Jacobs. I'm pretty confident in him. Zamir White is great. Kenyon Drake looks healthy. I mean, maybe he can even squeeze in some Amir Abdullah in the mix. That's a pretty good running back room. Even that Watson kid looked good in the fourth quarter. So I like that running back room. I think the Raiders, especially if they struggle with the offensive line, I think the Raiders are going to definitely have to work in some more, you know, more running plays to keep defenses honest. More passes to running backs, more screen plays, that sort of thing. So, and more willing blockers from the running back position. So all that's going to have to come into play. There's Chris Olave Mini. So far in pre-season action, I like what I've seen. Hey, Andre Bad Moon-Ryzen. 24 out of 35 for the ATL. That's going to be for Rick Teep. Okay, Raiders' offensive line needs a little work, but I think if they kind of do some run some quick play, I think they should, they'd be able to sort of make up for some of the offensive line deficiencies. Defense, I think, still is an issue. It'll be interesting to see the, you know, maybe later pre-season games see first string defenders against first string offenses and kind of see what happens there. That's still a question mark. I think there were still some issues there with the defense and that's got to ask one of their, one of the Raiders biggest deficiencies in recent years. They got to work on that. Yeah, which rookie running back will have a huge year? Hobby-wise, it tends to be running backs even with their shorter careers, but hobby-wise, quarterbacks obviously drive the hobby, football-wise. And then I think it's running backs. Wide receivers just have a lot of them, but I'm sure the Jamar chases of the world, you know, Justin Jefferson's of the world still do pretty well. But there are fewer running backs that really, you know, like Derek Henry. There's few running backs like a Derek Henry these days. So many committees, but there's a, a running back becomes successful, you know, like Saquon. I wish he didn't get injured, but I'm sure he wishes he didn't get injured too. But, you know, running backs like that could really move the needle into hobby. Kenny Walker in Seattle, Justin likes. Oliver likes Grease Hall. Gilo, Chiefs fan. Sleeper running backs in the Chiefs. Pacheco, or however you spell it, he says. Yeah, that's the issue, laser cat. Running backs take such a beating. I think you, if you average out all those positions, you know, running backs definitely have the shortest career on average to 150. There's Daxson Hill for the Bengals. And we've got Jalen Tolbert, dual relic and autograph. I think he is a cowboy. I'm still in the preseason learning these guys. Yeah, he's a Dallas cowboy. And that would be for Oliver, 33 out of 100. Yeah, he's been getting a lot of buzz in camp, Jalen Tolbert. It's Matthew Stafford to 299. Laser is saying, why do you need to wear it as first and amazing hands second? Yeah, I don't disagree with that. I still think that running a good route tree, I think, is pretty underrated too, especially in the NFL, with much faster defenses than these kids will see in college. There's Najee Harris, Orange to 25. That'll be for Peter and the Steelers. And Juan Bolden to 125. And we've got a 63 out of 65, a Drake London Dare to Tear card. This goes to the ATL. Right, confirmed? Yes, the ATL. His knee injury, not a long-term concern, which is a good sign. So we'll ship this off to Rick. Rick, if you dare to tear, when you get this, if you dare to tear, let me know what you get inside. The Desmond Ritter rookie card, also for the ATL. Dan Fouts to 50. Chargers, old Chargers legend, Dan Fouts. We've got it under the lights, many. Kieran Williams, this is 75. I don't know. Points. We'll randomize that to one person in the break. Everyone's got a shot at the points. Winner, take all the points. If there is another points card, then I'll put it in that points pile. And here's under the lights insert, Kenny Pickett. Panini points in the room. Thankfully, you don't make those Panini points cards that small, Chilo. Although you can parlay points into exclusive packs. And those exclusive pack cuts and monsters in there too. All right, Aaron Judge, 0 for 1 on the day. He's at 46. Is he going to break records? Yankee's at Red Sox. Red Sox up 1-0 in the fourth. That wouldn't actually, that wouldn't be too bad. If there was a Dare to Tear card, that, that was, that was, that you know was a points Dare to Tear card? Mmm. Judge strikes out. Michael Walker's already got five strikeouts tonight. Rob saying, oh, oh, hoping for more. You're Tanner. Man, change the username again. Trying to confuse me here. Wilson with Jets, was hoping for more Jets. Listen, we're not done yet. Play to the whistle, as coach would always say. Play to the whistle. All it takes is one big monster out of here. And the whole break is, is all roses. It's Chase Young for the commanders to 1.50. Keeping me on my phone. I'll, I'll try to keep up, Tanner. Didn't get that Garrett Wilson earlier though. And here's another one. The first auto of the break was a Garrett Wilson. And the, one of the autos in the last box is another Garrett Wilson. There you go. See? Play to the whistle. Just like coach says. One out of 25. Nice low number of Garrett Wilson autograph for Tanner and the Jets. James Robinson to 2.99. There's another Malik Willis rookie, Carl. I was personally hoping for some shorter numbered rookie quarterbacks, but we haven't seen that as of yet. There's Matt Ryan to 125. DeMarcus Ware, that's to 100. We've got a Gold Crystal Lave, cracked ice, five out of 10. Nice low number for the Saints. Tyrone T, T squared, T T with the Olave. There you go Tyrone. I wish there was a little link on it, but got a low number going your way. It's 2.99, Carson Palmer, Bangles Edition. We've got a Trevor Lawrence, many for the Jaguars. And behind Jameson Williams, our final autograph is going to be to 100. It's Wondale Robinson. Dual Relic and Autograph. Wondale Robinson is a New York football giants. Went from a blue team to a blue team. He's a wide receiver. This is Autograph too, WR. 10 out of 100. For the G-Men. There's Desmond Ritter, and the last card here is Jaquan Brisker. And there you have it, boys and girls. A nice little four box break in the books. Let's give away the points. Let's give away some break credit. Olavi's been getting good remarks from Mack Jones. Could be huge if Mack favors him. Yeah, too bad. T.C. is saying too bad. He's onto the Saints though. You must be thinking of someone else. Unless he's commenting on a receiver, not on a scene. All right. Now, everyone's got a shot at the points. So there's New Dice, New List. So let's gather everybody's names for points. And then let's sort by your first names and see who bought an even number of teams. Allen bought two teams, one entry. Eric Leal two teams, one entry. Yan two teams, an entry. Kevin bought two teams, that's an entry. Michael Brinson got four teams, that's two entries. Oliver got two teams, that's an entry. Patrick Davis got four teams, that's two entries. Peter bought two, that's an entry. Rick T got four, that's two entries. And Tanner with four, that's two entries. And Tyrone with two, that's an entry. So basically you buy an even number of teams. Half of those become entries for break credit. This is a frequent, a problem that we run pretty frequently to buy two teams, or buy even teams thing. So got Allen, Eric, Yan, not Jeremy, not Karen, but yes to Kevin, Michael, Oliver, Patrick, Peter, Rick, Tanner, and Tobias. So that'll be a different list right here as well. But the same dice roll. Let's roll it, randomize names and teams, six and a four, ten times. One, two, three, four, five, six, and tenth and final time. So half six and a four, ten times. This is for the point, 250 points going to Patrick Davis. Six and a four, ten times for the break credit. So it's going to be top two, winning $125 of break credit each top two after ten fingers crossed. Good luck. One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, and good luck. Tenth and final time. It's Patrick and Eric. You're in the top two. $125 of break credit to jaspeyscasebreaks.com. Going to be in your email inbox. It'll show up as a gift card. We've got another four boxes of legacy in the store.  So if you want to, let's make it happen. Jaspeyscasebreaks.com. I'm Joe. I'll see you next time for the next one. Bye-bye.


The study uses exome sequencing, transcriptome profiling, and T-cell repertoire profiling to analyze non-small cell lung cancer biopsies and finds high spatial immune heterogeneity, with local mutational burden correlating with T-cell clonal expansion, but not with cytotoxicity. This article was authored by Qing Jiu Jiu, Wei Wu, Yu Qi Wang, and others.


The results of this study suggest that the Iraqi adult population experienced low levels of physical activity, general health, quality of life, and mood states during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, there was a significant relationship between low levels of physical activity and poorer general health, quality of life, and mood states. These findings highlight the importance of encouraging physical activity during the pandemic to improve overall well-being. This article was authored by Haywa Ahmed Rahim, Rastigha Hosaini, Zara Hosaini, and others.


In previous lecture, we have discussed about the seepage theory and we have done a lot of derivations to depict the seepage which is taking place through the porous media. And this is where I introduced the concept of flow nets. And the basic premise was that flow nets are required because most of the time in real life problems, you would not be finding geometries which are very linear, which are well defined or the material properties which are homogeneous isotropic. And hence in the form of flow net, I can do mathematical manipulation to depict all these natural situations which are forcing geotechnical engineers to resort for mathematical modeling. So having set the concepts of the seepage through the porous media, it will be a good idea to talk about the problems which are contemporary and where all this knowledge is required. So in today's discussion mostly I will be concentrating on various studies, case studies you may say various problems which professionals are facing. And this is what I term as the applications of seepage theory. Now in most of the real life problems where the seepage is taking place through the porous media, we use the concept of the flow nets and some of these examples would be let us say example problem number 1 or the situation number 1, I want to do deep excavations, particularly excavations in soils. Most of the metro work which is going on in the country or wherever, most of the underground structures which are being placed different type of caverns where you are storing hydrocarbons, nuclear waste for that matter, you know oil, gas, even the portable water, utilities it could be, we go for excavation in the soils. Now I am sure you must have seen or you will realize the fact that suppose if this is the ground surface and if I want to excavate to create some facility, what I will have to do is, I will have to start digging alright depends upon what is the corridor.  So if this is the intention what I have to do is I have to remove this much soil mass and then lay the utility over here or create the space for the utility over here, depending upon the soil type alright, it may so happen that the moment you start excavating by scraping the material layer by layer after a certain depth, the entire soil mass may yield, it may collapse. Now this part we are going to study in the second course because that has something to do with the strength of the material. So I will be restricting my discussion not related to the collapse due to the strength loss. Now because we are discussing the seepage, what I will do is, suppose if I say the water table is somewhere here, you are doing a project in an area which is water deficit alright, no issues, seepage is not going to create any problem. But imagine a situation where the water table is somewhere here, so most of the basements in city like Bombay, you go to different shopping malls, you go to the airports where most of the particularly modern day medical institutions like hospitals, where most of the therapy is being done underground alright, the beautiful example is Asian Heart, where the 3-4 stories are going to be underground and it is very close to the beaches, new beach particulars. So the water tables are going to be very high alright, now the question is, how I am going to solve this problem by using the concept of seepage theory. So what I will do is, I will have to this excavation can be done without any support, but it is a good idea when you are going very deep and when you are encountering water table to insert a sheet pile into this. So suppose this is the situation A, how this will be achieved, I will insert in the ground mass or the ground surface a sheet pile, have you ever seen a sheet pile? Yes or no, so these are made up of steel, very stiff steel, there will be a cutting edge at the bottom and these are 2D elements like this made up of very high stiffness steel. So what we do normally is of certain size and shapes and the geometry depending upon your requirement. So what I will do is, this element of steel I will tamp from the top so that it goes inside, excessive deep depths can also be achieved by welding the 2, 3 elements, normally these elements are 10 meter long, 5 meter long depending upon your requirement. So this is what is inserted over here, this could be made up of steel, this could be made up of any composite, this could be made up of even concrete also depending upon your requirements, fine. So another couple of this would I will be inserting over here, so this is a sheet pile system. Now I hope you can understand, once I have retained the soil mass, I can start excavating this layer by layer and I can achieve a certain required depth, this is part clear. So this is the excavation by employing sheet piles. If you are interested much in knowing how the insertion is done, you are free to watch videos, there are many countries including India who have become pioneer in inserting the sheet piles and utilizing them. So ultimately I have created the space, I hope you can realize this, alright and I can do whatever I want to do. Now this type of situation we will solve today, under seepage only, we will try to see how the seepage is going to get affected here. So this is the first situation which I will be dealing with, the second situation could be when we talk about earthen dams, earthen dams are the dams which are made up of compacted earth or compacted soil. So you know how to compact the soil at a given gamma D and W and saturation and so on, that knowledge is used, we have already studied the concept of hydraulic conductivity k that means the material properties are well defined. Now if you see a typical cross section of an earthen dam, next time when you go to a dam for picnic you should realize how the embankment and the dams are constructed and this is somewhere I have the foundation system. So these dams have typically two domains, the first domain is the body of the dam and the second is the foundation of the dam, alright. So this is the body of the dam and this is the foundation system. Now depending upon the situation, I can create from here these two situations, one is the confined flow and another one is unconfined flow. Remember we have already done the analysis of the wells in confined aquifer and unconfined aquifer, alright. The whole idea of creating this embankment is I want to store water, one of the applications could be. When I am storing water, this side is known as upstream side and this side is known as downstream side, sometimes people also call this as a tail water. If the cross section of the embankment or the dam is homogeneous, alright, this falls under the category of homogeneous cross section. But this type of situation is going to be very detrimental because the due course of time what is going to happen is, and I guess if you leave it like this, this is a porous media, very soon the seepage pattern will set in. So the seepage is going to take place like this, I am sure you will realize the moment the seepage line comes and hits at the downstream slope, this slope is known as downstream slope and this is known as the downstream slope and this one is known as upstream slope. So as you see, the moment this top line, triatic line comes and hits over here, there could be some erosion which might start from this point, clear. So in order to stop that, what is done is normally we design filters. I do not know whether you have seen this or not, next time whenever you get a chance to visit to a dam, please go and check this out. The moment you have inserted filters, this becomes in homogeneous section. The whole idea of putting filter is that this seepage line is not going to hit the downstream slope and I am making sure that the top triatic line comes and meets the filter and not affects the stability of the downstream slope of the dam. So I have created four situations out of it. Starting from earthen dam, we know the compaction state, first thing we have done is we have defined the domain of seepage that is the body of the dam as well as the foundation system, clear. The moment I replace the body of the dam with let us say RCC, concrete dam, seepage is not going to take place through concrete and hence the seepage is going to take place only through the foundation system, clear. In that case what I have done is I have restricted the domain of seepage. So confined flow is one of the examples of let us say RCC dam body. So what I have done, I have confined the flow to occur only through the foundation which happens to be a porous media as compared to the foundation soil, the RCC is much impervious. So I have created a confined flow. As far as normal earthen dam is concerned, the top triatic line depends upon the head at the upstream side and at the head and the head at the downstream side. So it will fluctuate and hence the system becomes unconfined. We will do these type of analysis in today's lecture. Then another interesting situation could be, suppose if I want to create land because land creation is the fashion of the day and this is what gives you money, is it not? Everybody is trying to create land, new cities are being developed. So suppose there is a situation like this, this is the offshore environment. So water table is in the form of let us say mean sea level. And what I want to do is, I am a multi-millionaire and I want to see every day, morning, sunrise and sunset, you know, from the Arabian Sea, yes my wish, money is not an issue and I have the land. So what I want to do is, I want to create a system of my recreation which is going to be somewhere here like this, let us say and this whole building is going to be on the top of this. Did you realize what we have done? We have created land in a domain where there was no land. Now this is where we will be studying the concept of bulkheads, just to quickly answer your hunch of what bulkhead would be, suppose this is a ground surface and I want to create a system like this. So what I have to do is, I have to create a retention system over here. Again I will use sheet piles and I will fill up on this side. So this becomes my backfill and this becomes my pad on which I can create something and this is the offshore environment. This is okay, this part is clear. Now this is a manmade system where you have to compact the soil at a given density, moisture content and other stability issues you have to take into account. This problem can be converted into another interesting problem which will be solved mathematically again in the next lecture, next course. So say this is the situation number A, situation number B. What comes to your mind? Opposite of this situation, whether rather than piling up something on the ground surface, I will like to excavate, alright. So of course this type of situation I have discussed but another way could be I would like to create a space rather than filling because this is going to be a complicated process, alright. It is not going to be so easy, particularly when you analyze this situation for earthquake and other things, what I will do is I will like to excavate this whole system in such a manner that I might create a facility like this. So this becomes manmade ground surface after excavation and this is your natural ground surface. I hope you have realized that there are several situations which can be created, alright. So these situations are the order of the day because depending upon your client you would like to give them a solution where these type of things can be done. Another interesting problem which I am doing in Rajasthan deserts is very difficult to retain the dunes, is it not? So suppose if you want to stabilization of formations, now these formations are natural formations.  So suppose if I want to create a right of way, you understood this statement, why in your transportation engineering you must have done creation of right of way. So right of way is something, if I would like to let us say chop off from here and chop off from here, this becomes cutting and this soil I would like to fill it up in this valley to create a platform like this, you understood what I have done, this is okay. I have cut down the slopes, of course I have to take permission from MOE of CC and other agencies. So after cutting this material, what I have done is I have filled it up over here to create a pad as if the ground was level. So most of the construction which is going on in the hilly regions nowadays most of the ropeways are being done for connecting different cities, strategic importance projects and so on. Once you have done this, look at this, what you have done over here is again you are going to create a situation where the water table might interact with your sheet piles or the retention units which you have created. So these are the retention systems and I have created the right of way and on this I can create a railway track and that is it, is this okay? So I am sure you must be realizing that now we have started talking about the applications of the geotechnical engineering and this is the design, this is the analysis, this is the conceptual thinking and when you go and see some of the places where there was no civilization, no rehabilitation say few years back, you appreciate the architects, is it not? The architects give you the philosophy of design but who executes it, geotechnical guys because I am sure this is all I have discussed about is the creation of land fine and most of the time in all these situations we are dealing with the soils which are in a state of compaction, is this part clear? So what I am going to do now is I will take a few situations and I will analyze them for seepage forces, pore to pressures, you know the type of hydraulic gradients, exit hydraulic gradients and what not, where would you like seepage to get collected, upstream or downstream? If I put a filter over here, what is going to happen, I cannot retain anything in the dam body. So normally please come out of the wrong concepts, filters are never done on the upstream side but if your notion of filters is rip wraps, so he has added one more concept to the list, design of rip wraps, so suppose if I have to discuss about the fifth structure would be design of aprons, see the right place to put a apron would be upstream or downstream, what I can do is to stabilize this whole thing I can put some tetrapod here, the way you must have seen them on marine drive, alright, but it is very difficult to do this because this has to be done before the dam was constructed first of all. Second thing is, it is going to be expensive, third thing is it is not going to be practical, so what we do normally is we put, we design a apron over here, what this apron does, we have already talked about the eye critical thing in the previous to previous lecture if you remember, we have proved that because of the seepage which is going to take place through the foundation system, there would be an exit gradient eye critical and this we have defined as g-1 over 1 plus c, so in order to negotiate the effect of eye critical so that the downstream does not get eroded, why this metha parkar and other people they are protesting for creation of the dam, did you ever question this technically, this is the answer, so the entire dam once you create the dam and once you charge it with water what is going to happen the downstream side of the land is going to get eroded in the due course of time that is the main issue, clear, so if I create it apron over here very soon you will learn what I have done is I have elongated the seepage length and hence the hydraulic gradients are going to be less, fine, so this is also you can study under the same idea, good, what is apron exactly, good, so see the normal practice is suppose if I want to suppress something clear, what I should be doing, I will create a thick pad of concrete so that this mass gets added up to the soil mass, so apron by definition is a thick mass of concrete which is going to negotiate with the F force, F you remember the seepage force, we have analyzed that, so F is acting in this direction seepage force, so by creating this apron what I am doing I am putting WA apron which is going to be greater than F, the moment I have done this I am safe, is this part clear mathematically, now you design the system it is not very difficult, so I know the density of the concrete unit weight, I know how much depth I have to design this clear and I can negotiate this, so what you have asked is a very interesting question in terms of when you design most of the rafts, so the sixth example would be design of rafts you know at most of the industrial premises because of the high water pressure the rafts have cracked and what a loss to the property, you created a basement clear and what happened suppose if I create a basement for a building okay, so this is a ground surface and this much space I created for car parking, now what I have done is if I leave this raft unattended or if I do not do the raft properly what is going to happen, the same situation will get developed over here, this is somewhere you have impervious boundary, somewhere here you have water table and the seepage sets in we are going to solve this case today and if this system is not strong enough to resist the seepage force what is going to happen, this whole thing will crack and the moment it cracks the underground storage which you created is of no use, got it, this is happening in most of the projects in the country right now, crores of rupees are lost because of defunct properties, 3-4 cases I am doing right now where this is the main problem, but a good answer would be anchor them, staple them you know you can staple them, so derive anchors and grout them, now let us start with the basic models, simple models so that you can understand the concepts and how to use them, go to the islands, Singapore and these are islands which are floating in the sea, now suppose if I want to do excessive excavation I hope you understand why excavation should be done because the entire parking system is underground, tunnels are underground, seepage disposal is underground, clear, how to create the space, so all these things are being discussed in the contemporary subject which is known as underground space creation, check it on net and you will find several examples of how to create underground a space or they call it as underground space utilization technology, the cities are going to be buried that is the future of the cities, the entire cities will be done beneath the ground, the cost of air conditioning there is electricity, so go to Japan, Korea, Singapore most of the part Italy, beautiful example France, Germany rather than negotiating minus 40 degree and centrally air conditioning the rooms or houses and the facilities what I should be doing, do everything underground, I can save energy, only thing is you have to master the concepts of materials, rocks, soils, groundwater that is it, that is easy, that is a subject, environment is heuristic, so this is the simplest possible example of what we have been discussing, there is a sheet pile, I think you understand what sheet piles are I have discussed in the lecture just now, this sheet pile is serving two purposes, can you tell me what, have a close look at this, now from this point onwards as a consultant you have a tendency to change the whole scope of the project and save the cost and negotiate the cost, look at something specific is being done, what is your observation, look at the sheet pile only right now, so I am utilizing sheet piles in two ways, first of all I am utilizing sheet pile to store water or fluids or hydrocarbons or some chemicals, you got this point, so rather than creating a tank I will simply insert a sheet pile and I can store things, rather than creating a dam here you must have seen 100 meter base, 50 meter high from where you will bring soil nowadays to create an embankment, clear, so this is how the conventional geomechanics is getting transformed to latest solutions, what I need is I need very high strength sheet pile that is it, so whatever my embankment was doing in terms of retention of water, I can do achieve it by simply inserting an element up to a certain depth, fine.  So, ultimately I can store water up to this height, there is a downstream side because the moment you have inserted this you have created a hydraulic gradient until now we have been solving simple problems of soil mass packed in the tube and then connected to two reservoirs, clear. Now what has happened, if you dig it today in the due course of time the seepage regime will develop over here and then the height of the water column on the downstream side will stabilize. Now this is the state when steady state seepage has already stabilized through the foundation of the sheet pile system, it is okay. Now that would depend upon the porosity of the media, hydraulic conductivity of the media, type of the soil, type of the boundary conditions, clear and the type of the inclusion which you have inserted over here. So, answering your question number one, you asked about this drainage system and so on where should I put filters and all. Now let us study this problem like this, few concepts first before we start doing the analysis. So, this is the ground surface and by retaining this water, this is the sheet pile of certain thickness, certain modulus of what do we call it E into I, stiffness modulus. In a structure analysis you must be doing the course, E into I is the stiffness modulus. So, I can select an element, this becomes sheet pile and this is how the seepage regimes develop. What I have written here is, it is a two dimensional flow number one, why? Because we are considering everything perpendicular to the plane. So, as if the width of the sheet pile is unity 1 meter clear and hence we have made a three dimensional problem into a two dimensional problem. Now this line AA is defined as the equipotential line, this is an equipotential line. Why is an equipotential line? Have you understood or not all of you? So, AB happens to be equipotential line, is this part clear? At each of these points, what is the total head? No, height of the water column clear? Yes. So, at put simple concepts, your datum head, datum could be somewhere normally what we do is we fix datum over here alright. At the bottom most part of the seepage system means nothing but similar to this system, you remember we have solved these problems where this is connected to the upstream and this whole thing is connected to a reservoir is something of this sort. This porous media is nothing but this porous media on one side it is connected to this head, another side is connected to this head that is it as simple as that. So, at each and every point here the total head is H, I will define this as H1, height of water column. At the downstream side this is H2, what causes flow to occur? Delta H, what is Delta H? H1-H2, clear? This I am defining as H, is this point clear? Put piezometer at any of these points, the height of the water column is this, clear? Piezometric head. So, this becomes one equipotential, where is the another equipotential in this figure? Sorry, you are right, CD. So, this is D and this is C. So, CD also happens to be an equipotential line, have you understood this? So, this is also an equipotential line. What abnormality you are seeing? If this sheet pile was not there, what the equipotential lines would have existed? No, why? If I remove this sheet pile, this head is going to be same as this head. So, that whole thing is going to be equipotential line. But why inserting a sheet pile what I have achieved? If you can answer this question, you are a genius. Good, in what way? So, this becomes a point of singularity, correct? Because just on the left hand side and right hand side and I have been repeatedly saying the thickness of the sheet pile is extremely small, 1 inch, 2 inch maximum, all right? So, you are correct. So, what I have done? I have created a head. So, you have created a head is good thing for you is something which you have to be careful about, both. Yes, you are right, very good. So, one thing is you have created a facility, you have created reservoir, clear? Second thing is you are inviting problems for yourself, why? Excellent, good. So, as far as your foundation system is concerned, you have created a problem. In other than that, this thing would not have occurred.  So, what is happening is, now suppose if I ask you a question, can you draw the flow lines for this situation? So, first thing we have fixed is equipotential lines, clear? Now, the flow lines are going to be perpendicular to the equipotential lines in the porous media. Where is the first flow line? Identify the first flow line. The first flow line is along the inclusion which you have created. We call this as a creep flow. That means if this equipotential, if this equipotential, the two heads difference is delta H is going to cause seepage to set in, clear? This is how the seepage will set in and it will come out. Is this correct? Have you understood this? At this point, seepage is 100%, at this point is 0%. So, that means all the water will have a tendency to seep through, gaze through all along the sheet pile and come out at this point. This becomes the flow line. What conditions you have to maintain? The flow line is perpendicular to the equipotential line. So, this is 90 degree, this is 90 degree. Suppose if I play with the length of the sheet pile, what I am going to achieve? One of you, yes. Suppose if I increase the length, what is going to happen of the sheet pile? You are elongating the path. Elongation of the path means gradient, very good. Why? What is I? H by L. So, what you have done is for the same H or delta H which was earlier acting at let us say length of LP by length 2 times LP, is this okay? Now, by increasing it, what I have done? I am reducing the I value. So, I1 becomes delta H upon 2 times LP plus delta LP. What I have achieved out of this situation? More than that, what is more critical? Seepage is not critical. Sorry, seepage force you have reduced, excellent. So, that means all the I criticals are going to be now less and hence what you are talking about the erosion and everything will be taken here out, clear? Very nice. This concept is clear. So, basically length of the sheet piles are going to determine the exit gradients and based on that, I can design the whole system so that it becomes erosion proof. Can I complete the flow net now? So, conceptually what you have to do? You keep on drawing the flow lines. This is the shape of the flow line. Now, what you are seeing is this portion is going to be very tricky but the flow is going to take place. All right? And this is the impervious boundary. What is the characteristic of the sheet pile? Is this pervious or impervious? Sheet pile itself, impervious, correct? So, one more condition which we are going to put over here is by virtue of being impervious element is steel, concrete, composite. No flow is going to take place across this line, clear? So, is this part clear? So, what we have done? We have fixed the boundary conditions. Equipotential line, equipotential line, flow line across this, no discharge is going to take place. This is a porous media. Similarly, across this, there is no discharge because impervious surface. Now, if there is no discharge across this line, this is also going to be a flow line, agreed? Correct? So, that means the bottom most flow line would be something this. It is okay? This is a confined flow because the domain of the flow is fixed. Even if h decreases does not matter because the flow domain is fixed. Unconfined situation we will discuss later on. See, normally what we do is we have to plot these flow nets now. The flow nets are drawn when we were students, we used to be given a teledeltas paper. Now, check it on net, what is the application of teledeltas paper? Question which you are asking is related to how to establish the flow nets, correct? In short. So, use this teledeltas paper on, this is a conducting paper. On one side, there is a silver paint. On the second side, it is, you know, resistant to electricity. The whole thing from geotechnical point of view, now I am going to transform to electrical analogy because I have to answer your question. This is a conducting paper. What I have to do is a real life problem like this, I have to scale down, plot it on a piece of paper which is teledeltas paper. Is there a way to create sheet pile on this paper? So, you cut the paper here. By cutting what you have done, there is no conduction, the same thing as this clear. So, the seepage has become equivalent to flow of current. This is the electrical analogy. The whole situation can be transformed to electrical analogy, very good. So, the moment you chop it, create a small slit on the paper of certain dimension. This is representing my sheet pile. How are you going to apply voltage? Oh, sorry, I answered your, I answered my question. How are you going to create now the equipotentials? Good. So, what you do is on this paper, you apply some silver paint and connect it to, let us say 10 volt. And on this side, you apply silver paint and let it be ground. So, what I have done, I have created a 10 volt differential between the two. Now listen carefully, answer to your question. Either I should be doing, you know, solution of del square phi equal to 0 and del square psi equal to 0, which we did yesterday in the classroom. And mathematically I can develop a flow net. What conditions you have to maintain? If you remember delta s equal to delta n square curvilinear square or a linear square, clear? And psi and phi are going to be perpendicular to the each other, got it? So, either you do mathematically, you can solve these differential equations, is this okay? And you can plot the psi and psi domain, you get the flow net, clear? Easy way would be what engineers will be doing. This is what mathematicians will do. Engineers will use this paper, scale down the whole project, apply certain voltage here, 0 voltage here and then take a probe.  In multimeters you have probes, is this okay? Wheatstone bridge can also be used. And suppose if I touch at this point, if I touch at this point, if I touch at this point and so on. So, what I am going to get? Potential, is this okay? So, as precise as I want, I can use that probe which is connected to a digital potentiometer or whatever. And I can find out the voltages across this point. Once the voltages are known, you get the equipotential lines, is this okay? Now once the equipotential lines are obtained, what you have to do is draw the flow lines by keeping these three things intact, either linear or curvilinear, fine? Is this the answer you have understood? Then what should you again be doing? Having done this, I can transform the whole thing on this scale also. Sometimes people use copper sulphate solution also for analyzing these things. Ultimately, everything will get affected in the form of white ratio porosity and these things will reflect on gamma D and this is going to reflect on k, that is it. How does it matter? Got it? So, if I do a borehole here before inserting the sheet pile, if I know the profile of the soil, I know the white ratios porosity, I can compute gamma D, I can relate it, hydraulic conductivity, that is all. The question is why are we doing all this analysis? One is okay, we have established the flow net. So, all these become the flow lines. The whole idea of doing this flow net is, as somebody said correctly, I want to find out what is the discharge taking place across the sheet pile system. Because what is your whole intention? The whole intention is that this water should not be lost at all. Ola Varum can all, it is a beautiful example, clear? You have a lift irrigation system, pervious land, even if you store water, everything will seep through. What is the point in spending crores of rupees? So, what should I be doing? I should be computing q for different lengths of the sheet piles, try to minimize it and achieve a situation where q tends to 0. I have created a very pervious system, engineering wise, impervious through which nothing discharges. What else you wanted?  Got it? First is apply the voltage, get the phi. Once you have got the phi, from here you can get the psi, keeping the boundary in boundary conditions in place. Little bit analysis of this type of a situation I will do. So, coming back to the deep excavations, as I discussed, this is the ground surface and I am creating some space and this is the end of the excavation. So, I have to remove this soil. Tell me one thing, the moment I remove this soil, what is going to happen? So, the question is if you are putting these sheet piles and if you remove this soil, what comes to your mind? Number one, forget about seepage analysis and all, what is going to happen? And provided, yes, now this is an interesting case. So, listen, the first flow line, it comes and this situation I can convert to do this equation also, which one is more critical? Suppose if I say that the water is getting accumulated in the pit, so I have removed the cover over burden, how much I have removed? Gamma of the soil multiplied by excavation x, this much stress, this much has been distressed. You understand the word distressed? My excavation, this much block has been removed. So, at this point, gamma into x is the distressed which has been applied. I have been telling you repeatedly, if I do not put a raft over here, what is going to happen? The raft will get uplifted. That means the moment this line comes and hits over here, what is going to happen? You are doing excavation, but the whole water starts coming in from the pit. Are you getting this point? This is what is going to be done. How to stop this? Design a raft, overload the system, create the space. I am getting the advantage of 25 kilo Newton per meter cube of concrete, RCC, clear? And this was how much? 15, 16 kilo Newton per meter cube. So, that 9 kilo Newton per meter cube multiplied by the thickness of this is going to be the added stress on the exit gradients mechanics done. Is this okay? Now, if you are not satisfied still, suppose the water table is very, very close and dynamic situations and whatnot do proper anchoring. What anchors are going to do? They are going to hold the raft always and this much of the pressure is going to get added up to the weight of the system because 9 kilo Newton per meter cube multiplied by the x is not going to compensate for 25 into x value, sorry, 16 times x value. So, in order to keep this holding, I can put anchors also, but anchors are not going to be helpful as far as the sheet pile, sorry, seepage is concerned. So, if you might have noticed what I did is I started with this situation and slightly less than this. Now, I would say if both sides are same as far as the hydraulic height is concerned, what is going to happen? This becomes the line of symmetry, clear? So, what is happening over here is the same thing is happening over here. So, up to this portion, this side will contribute, up to this portion, this side will contribute and hence your flow nets are done. Is this okay? This is what you are asking? If it is the difference, difference in water level. Between this and this. So, suppose if I say this is HL and this is HR, what is going to happen? Unstudy state, clear? So, this system will keep on equilibrating with each other like a dashpot. So, this seepage will occur. If you are allowing seepage to take place through, it does not get affected, clear? But if you are not allowing any seepage to take place through, the whole problem will get changed because then this becomes a what? What type of boundary condition this would be now? Flow lines coming and hitting a plane, equipotential. Is this part clear? Just go by the simple geometry of the thing. The flow lines comes and cuts if certain plane is going to be an equipotential. You have an equipotential here? You have an equipotential here? This equipotential is connected to the atmosphere. What he was talking about? Suppose if I put a filter layer over here and I objected, why? I said whatever you are holding over here, it will keep on seeping out. I do not get any advantage out of it, fine? So, I am sure you are getting different dimensions of the situations. Is this part clear? Yeah, so just go by this fact. This is equipotential number 1. This is equipotential number 2. This will be equipotential number 3. I do not know what are the equipotentials over there. So what you have done is you have created a situation which is case specific. So maybe to answer your question, I think suppose if I give you a situation like this, there is a sloping ground and there is a sheet piling over done over here like this. Now solve this problem. What about this line? This remains equipotential still or not? Each and every point at this place, location is changing. So total head is going to be constant. That is it. Nothing else. The only difference between this situation and the earlier situation is this was horizontal. So your elevation heads were nullified. Now what has happened? Each point will contribute to a certain elevation head also and the piezometric head is at this point this much, at this point this much, at this point this much, at this point this much so on. So this is a sheet pile. This is a sheet pile. This is the ground surface. Here you have h1, h2 or this is h1. It could be h2 also whatever we have discussed this. This is the end of the excavation and the water table I have shown at this point itself and I am considering this as datum. Then there is impervious surface having established the flow net by one of the methods either numerically or by graphically using the tele-delta's paper. You can draw the flow nets and then start analyzing it. So when you analyze, we have to count number of drops and number of flow lines. This is what we discussed in the last lecture. And I think I have introduced this concept that Q is equal to k into nf upon nd multiplied by h where h is nothing but delta h. So h could be delta h, h1 minus h2. nf is the number of flow channels, nd is the number of drops of the equipotential line. Having done the flow net, start counting this is equipotential. This is the bottom most flow line, impervious layer. So no discharge going to take place through this. Good. Sheet pile, no discharge across this. This happens to the first flow line grazing through the sheet pile itself, alright. The next flow line is this, next is this, so on symmetrical case, both sides this is the regime, flow regime which has got established. From this point to this point which is atmospheric, I hope you understand the seepage is being caused by this head minus 0, clear? Agreed? In other words, the head is dropping from this plane to this plane in number of drops which I have represented as nd. Start counting it, first drop, this is the first segment, first drop, second drop, third drop, fourth drop, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, 10th. Meaning thereby the entire head has got dissipated in the porous media in 10 drops. Is this okay? So we have counted nds. In other words, if this is 100% potential and this is 0% potential, what will be the value of H at each of these lines, equipotential lines? If this is 100, this will be 90, this will be 80, this will be 70, this will be 60, 50, 40, 30, 20, 10 I have missed out at some other place. So this is 100%, let us say 100, this is 90, 80, 70, 70, 60, 50, 40, 30, 20, 10, 0. So truly speaking, at each of these equipotential, you know the H value? Is this correct or not? H by 10 multiplied by nd is the value of the head at that point. Now you need not to insert piezometer and all because the moment you have done flow net, you know the value of H at every point. Is this part clear? How many flow lines are there? Ticks. This is the first flow channel, this is the second flow channel, this is the third flow channel and so on. There would be a flow channel which will be grazing through the horizontal plane at infinite distance on both sides. So that means this is the nf number 1, nf number 2, nf number 3, but truly this is not 3 this 3 point something, clear? So how many flow channels are there? nf we have got, nd we have got, h we know, if k is known, I know what is the value of q and remember this q is the discharge which is taking place through the space between the sheet pile and the formation. So this is the value of q over here per unit width of the cross section perpendicular to the plane. Please take one or two minutes to understand and in case you have doubts, we will discuss again. I can keep on refining the flow nets at millimeter scale also. So I can dissipate the entire delta h in 1000 steps also. How much time is required, how much computational time is required, clear? Whether this is really required or not. So I can do very fine mesh to create more nds also there. I think this is what you are trying to ask. This is a flow line. So there is no harm in drawing a line like this of the equipotential, is this correct technically? Flow line is perpendicular to the equipotential line. So are you happy with this situation or not? I had written something over here del pi del psi perpendicular to each other and then boundary condition what was that? I had written two more things, sorry? Del s equal to del n and either linear grids or nonlinear squares, clear? So what is your understanding? We should not. Why? Singularity point. This concept of singularity point you will enjoy I am sure instruction also also. So what we are trying to discuss over here is say this is a sheet pile, this is the flow line and then you want to draw an equipotential over here. I said no harm. But look at this point. This point is acting as a flow line also. It is acting as a equipotential also. You are defying the pi perpendicular to psi concept. So these points are known as singularity points that means we do not consider them in analysis. But you cannot defy them also because they exist, fine? Clear? So I can bypass this drop and I can take some other drops in the nearby. This is how it has been done. You have the voltage here v1, you have the voltage here v2. What I am doing is I am just trying to find out what is the voltage distribution in the domain. That is it. So by using that probe I am just fixing what is the voltage. That is it. Nothing else. There is no reading. So you are establishing the EQ voltage point. So this becomes equipotential line, fine? And one of the lines is this, another line is this, all right? Done? And the bottom portion if it is impervious all these equipotential lines will come and hit the flow line because bottom is also a flow line we discussed. So they will be perpendicular, 90, 90 and so on. Once the equipotential lines have been fixed what you can do is you start now plotting flow lines maintaining the geometry of the squareness. So it depends upon the step for the voltage which you have chosen because your delta s is equal to delta n. So if you are going for verifying your flow lines will become verifying more number of channels. So ultimately what we are discussing is interesting that you are asking this question. If I say, fine? I will say that q is equal to k into h into some coefficient alpha which is a geometrical coefficient. It depends upon your precision of drawing the flow net. But I am sure if you plot a verifying flow net number of f increases, nf increases and d also increases. So that gets nullified, clear? That is it. So I hope now this is clear to you. So if it is 5, if say let us say 10, the more precision I go for this becomes 10, this becomes 20. Now suppose if I give you an element over here, all right, this is the element which is very close to the exit and we want to design all those protection systems. So you know what is the value of delta h across this element? This is 0 and this would be total delta h upon 10 because this is a 10th drop, agreed? So this is 4.5. If the 4.5 is your, you know, 2 plus 2.5 is 4.5. So starting from the datum, the total head is going to be 4.5 upon 10 and what is the length of the element? 0.9 meter. So exit gradient is 0.5. How would you check the suitability of the exit gradient? Suppose if I compute exit gradient as i critical, this will be equal to 0.5. What I should be doing with this? Now this is equal to your g minus 1 over 1 plus e. We have proven this when you are doing the C-page force analysis. Now the material properties are coming in application in two ways, specific gravity of the soil and the void ratios. So suppose if I say this is inequality and if I say the theoretical i critical is coming out to be more than i critical which you are getting from the flow net, what is the implication? And suppose if I say that this is less than equal to not equal to less than this is 1 and greater than equal to is another case, what is the implication? So just by using these signs, I have changed the implication of the entire situation. The theoretical exit gradient is going to be more than the i critical which you are getting your heat file system is working absolutely alright. In this case, exit gradients are going to be much more than the theoretical one. It appears that the piping is going to take place. You must have done this piping. The question which you are asking about the symmetry, I hope you can realize here what is contributing to the total discharge? We talked about only 1 half, 1, 2, 3, 3. something and this portion is also connected with the channels 1, 2, 3. So it is about 6, 7 which you might consider and then your number of flow lines which are contributing to the system would be 7 or 6 and drops would be 10 and then you can solve this. What is the significance of this 2.25 here? This much is the space through which the discharge is going to occur. So basically this Q is going to take place through this and the way it looks like is this is your third dimension of the entire system. So this is how the third dimension looks like.


Live from Las Vegas, it's theCUBE. Covering Boomi World 2018, brought to you by Dell Boomi. Welcome back to theCUBE. We are continuing our coverage of Boomi World 2018. I'm Lisa Martin in Las Vegas with John Furrier and we're welcoming to theCUBE, Prognia Paramita, Senior Product Marketing Manager at Dell Boomi. Prognia, welcome. Hi, nice to meet you guys. So second annual Dell Boomi World, we had Mandy Dally-Wall your CMO on shortly ago who said, doubled from last year, some of the really cool stats that caught my ears and eyes this morning during the general session are 7,500 plus customers globally that Dell Boomi has now. You're adding five new customers every day. There are about close to 70 different customers speaking at this event. The customers are coming together to share how Dell Boomi is helping them on this nebulous, daunting transformation journey. Talk to us about some of the news coming out in the last couple of days. And as a product marketing manager, what are some of the things that excite you? I think of the last few weeks, what we've been able to put out in the market with our partnership with the blockchain consortium has been really exciting. Like to be working for a company that's always at the cutting edge and looking to do things at the cutting edge is just as an employee that's like a really cool thing to be a part of. But what I'm really excited about is tomorrow's keynote. And I know we've probably been tearing everybody through the day about tomorrow's keynote, but I'm really excited to unveil what we are going to be showing you guys tomorrow. So one of the things that's exciting about you guys is that the product market fit is clear with customer traction. So as you guys look at say blockchain smart contracts, what's about business? So you're messaging around connecting businesses with developer integration as a starting point with low code. Is it productivity question? It's a foundational question. As you have this platform, what's some of the product positionings that you guys are looking to expand on? Obviously we heard Michael Dell today say, you know data tsunami, scaling AI, these are questions that people want to have answered. Is that how you guys see the positioning and you go to market? So as far as positioning, I think the true value that we do provide our customers is fast time to market. So I think speed and the ability to do things efficiently and being the first to market is what our customers really value and we want to be able to power that. So that's core to our positioning in the market. The other one is flexibility. I think with each vendor and like consolidation happening around in the market, people are like marking their turf and territory and in this day and event at Bumi, we really want to be an open ecosystem.  You could have a hybrid environment as you operate your business. Bumi will connect to everything and I think that is a core part of our messaging that we want to make sure customers understand. We want to make sure that the market understand that we'll be true to that. As you got the cool technology with the cloud, native, you guys are born in the cloud and still operate cloud scale. As you sit in the product marketing meetings and think about the customers, you're solving a lot of problems. There's a lot of check boxes on the solving customer problems. But you also want a position for the future. So I got to ask you, when you look at your customer base holistically, what's the core problem that you guys solve for your customer? I think unlocking the value of the data, customer data. So it resides in siloed application. It resides in parts of business that some, so if you're a North American business, your ability to interact with your Australian counterparts is not only restricted by time zones, but it's also restricted by laws and data protection and all of those things which governments are waking up to. And to be able to do that securely, to be able to do that at a scale is something that we want to be able to deliver to our customers. And I think our ability to be a cloud native platform allows us that flexibility to do it in a way that customers feel comfortable. And again, are able to get some value out of, back from their data. So about six months ago, the Gartner Magic Quadrant for iPads came out. And once again, I think, John, we've heard today that for the fifth year in a row, Dele Blummi is a strong leader. I'm curious, six months later now, today you guys said, we are reimagining the eye in iPads. From a market that's well established, highly competitive, that now customers, it's not just about integrating applications, it's integrating data from new sources, from existing sources to be able to identify new revenue streams, new products, new services. What is it about this reimagining the eye to the intelligence that in your opinion is going to further really kind of elevate Dele Blummi's competitive differentiation? So the true differentiation is that in the market we were the first who were a native cloud application. So the value of that single instance, multi-tenant cloud application, is what we are really leveraging as part of our intelligence in the platform. So many of our competitors and other vendors in the market have probably caught on to this whole cloud thing in the last couple of years. But at the end of the day, we have 10 years of a lead with them. That would be hard for them to match. And again, it is value from what customers have been doing on our platform. So our ability to look at that enormous amount of data anonymously and then provide value back to them has been really critical to our success and how our customers have found value. And I guess with the ability for us to leverage AI and machine learning capabilities within the platform, we want to be able to make it much more easier for our customers. So in terms of business initiatives, some of the key ones that Dell Boomi targets are e-commerce, order to cash, customer 360, as well as onboarding. Talk to us, I really liked that Chris McNabb in the general session this morning kind of opened the kimono and said, hey, we found through the voice of our own employees, we weren't so great in this particular area. Talk to us about the Dell Boomi employee onboarding solution and how it was really born based on your own internal needs for improvement. So I joined a year ago, I was employee number 300 something and this year we are at employee number, I guess 700 plus, maybe going on to 800 at the last we heard. So you can imagine the scale that the company is growing at. And for us, and I guess what Chris articulated at this morning, employee onboarding was becoming a choke point, not only in making sure employees are productive faster, but are also enjoying this new company that they've decided to become a part of. And we at Boomi, as boomers ourselves, do really value our culture a lot. But that didn't quite reflect in the employee onboarding experience that we were providing and I think that was a big stimulus. Chris shared the numbers of our NPS course that he saw for him to say that, hey, we are running at a really fast pace but this is a critical issue. It's a pretty big negative number a year ago or six months ago on that NPS. And so as a CEO he decided this is a priority but then as we went through this exercise what we were able to find out that it's not only a challenge that we are facing but our customers, both large and small continue facing that issue. So the approach that we took was while we were solving our own employee onboarding challenge we were able to productize that entire solution and create an accelerator. And the value of the accelerator is it's a common problem. We know it is a problem that happens at scale and at a certain scale it becomes really detrimental to your business. And but then your business is really unique so we cannot give you a one size fit all solution that you can go and like turn on on day one and it'll work. What we are giving you here is a framework. We leveraged it, we had great results, we are more than happy to share that back. That something that took like 92 days for an employee to get access to 27 applications now takes minutes, like literally five minutes. What took about 19 admins across the organizations who were doing this as a second job almost because we had a small company, the guy who bought the license for this new software that he wanted his team to use became the admin for that product. And now his team is like more than from seven people it's now 52 people. But he's still the admin for that product along with managing that solution. So all of that effort was consolidated from 19 people to like two people. So that's real gain there in the just employee productivity that we have been able to standardize. And what we are doing now is taking the solution and the accelerator package to our customers. And we are having some great conversation with many of our customers who had initially looked at Bumi and said like you guys provide us an integration solution to our problem. But at the end of the day, onboarding as within an organization is a cross-functional issue. It ties together workflows from your finance team, from your benefits team, from your recruiting team who is getting the candidate to your HR who is going to make sure. Facilities where you sit, all kinds of things. And like making sure you have your laptop and your badges and all of those things on day one. So a lot of people in the organizations are like these silent heroes who are making sure that every employee who shows up on day one has a good experience. But there's only so far that a manual process can go. And being able to automate that process and a core reason why we are now able to do this is because of Bumi Flow. The many who acquisition that we did last year, it has opened doors for us to have conversations with our customers where we are like you have cross-functional processes, you need to be able to automate them as much as possible and let your employees actually do more value-added work instead of being, you know, sending emails and then collating emails with data from every place, putting it in a spreadsheet, adding that to your SAP or your workday system. And getting things done. So that sounds like that's the consequence of two problems. I hear this right. One, data silos in manual or purpose-built applications that are dependent upon data silos. No data silos allows for automation. And then everything kind of goes away, kind of solve the problem. Is that right? Yeah, yeah, absolutely. So cross-functional workflows are something that when people try to solve, they end up causing the integration problem at the end of the day. So you try to solve for one thing, but then integration is always at the core of it. With Bumi, because we are coming integration up, we sort of automatically solve for that. But then with Bumi flow, what we are able to do is, we are able to abstract that away from users who don't really care about how you're going to get to applications to work together. So if you're in the HR team, you just want to make sure that here is the value proposition for the organization that I hired these employees for. They get to see that. I don't really care if your 15 applications need to work together at the back end. And we heard the American Airlines example is a good one. There are hundreds of integrations. So I'm going to ship it and forget it. You don't want to have to remember, oh, what do we, number 52, what was that again? And I saw the problem, but broke this over there. That's kind of the problem that is the core issue, right? Yeah, it's a core issue. And so we have a session later today with American Airlines and ModPizza. So both of them are a study in contrast. ModPizza is an organization that was founded a couple of years ago. Around the same time that American Airlines and U.S. Airways mergers was happening. So the session is very interesting because you get a perspective from a company that started in 2011 or 2013 and took an approach of being a cloud native infrastructure. So they made choices where all of their applications are in the cloud, but then when they grew at a certain scale, employee onboarding became an issue. They came to Bumi and how they're solving it. And on the flip side of it, you have a perspective from a large organization that around the same time re-looked at their employee onboarding issues and then again looked at Bumi and said that, hey, how can we solve this? And as they said in the keynote, good is not good enough. You need to have a great experience. Well, you've also raised your NPS score 168 points. Right. And now you've got an opportunity to reach customers in a different way like you said, to be able to integrate these functions that have to work together and should need that abstraction layer is critical for the business being just more efficient, more productive, finding new revenues streams faster, being more competitive and really unlocking the value of that data so it can be used across multiple business units with an organization at the same time. Yeah. Progni, thanks so much for stopping by and joining John and me on theCUBE today. Yeah, it was great talking to you guys. We appreciate it. Have a great time. Hope you have a good Bumi world. Thank you. Absolutely. Off to a great start. Thanks so much for your time. Thanks. Bye bye. For John, for your I'm Lisa Martin. You're watching theCUBE live from Bumi World 18 in Vegas. Stick around, John and I will be back with our next guest.