Ex-Minister Acquabio heads to Supreme Court after appeal court sacked him as APC's senatorial candidate. And food, energy, prices worsen and inflation is on the rise for households, even as electioneering dominates the national discourse. This is Plus Politics. I am Mary Anacorn. Vice-Chairman of the All-Progressive Congress, APC's campaign counsel, Senator Goswilo Acquabio, has said that he would approach the highest court in the land to seek redress on the appeal court's judgment, nullifying his nomination as the APC candidate for Acquabio. Northwest Central District, the court had ruled that Acquabio, being a presidential aspirant of the APC, could not participate in the valid primary of the party held on May 27, and monitored by the Independent National Electoral Commission, INEC, that produced Udum as a candidate. The court ordered INEC to remove Acquabio's name from the list of senatorial candidates in Acquabio state, contesting for the 2023 general elections on Tuesday. Senator Goswilo Acquabio said his lawyers were studying the appeal court's judgment sacking him as a senatorial candidate of the All-Progressive Congress. And joining us to discuss this is Upanabua, Incotara. He is a civil rights advocate, and Izika Nyaito, who is the governorship candidate of the ADC in Acquabio state. It's good to have you gentlemen join us this evening. Yeah, it's good to have you here. Great. I'll start with you, Ms. Nyaito, because you are an Acquabio mate. And of course, you are running for a position of governor. And we all have watched the drama that has happened with the placeholder situation, which has not just been in the case of Goswilo Acquabio, and we've seen it happen for other people, including the Senate president. And here we are, again, talking about Goswilo Acquabio. Let's start by looking at the comments that he made, saying that he might have to go to a superior court to deal with the issue, and he's saying that he's studying carefully what the appeal court has said. Yeah, there are several sides of this coin. The very first side is that Mr. Acquabio is an extremely informed person, and he's a lawyer by training. Let's not forget that. And he's been a governor two terms. He's been a senator. He's been a minister. So he is by any stretch of imagination informed. But I think that there's a catch somewhere, and that catch is that a lot of people have really not come to terms with the realities of the 2022 electoral act as amended. As a result, many things will have to be tested out in the court, you know, at the legal level. So I think that what he's decided to do is, he's been well within his fundamental human rights. He has every right of appeal. And I think it would be a process of testing the waters to see exactly what is there in the 2022 electoral act as concerning who is eligible to contest. You know, it's sharply contrast with what has been in the past where the parties really just did anything they wanted. The current act, you know, tries to sanitize the system. But you see, we're still trying to find out what really is and what really isn't. But as to his decision to approach the higher court, I think it's definitely his fundamental right to so do. That's my position. I have my personal feelings about the whole thing because being from Equal Equinoe Senatorial District and understanding how the Senate works, a man like Appabio, in my personal opinion, I've always said that me and him, we are like Tom and Jerry, we fight a lot. But you can't take it from him that he is one person that he gets into the Senate today, he creates impact because he is just an impact. I mean, he is just a body of vibrancy. So to speak, but then everything must be done within the ambit of the law. So let him try it out. I think it's a good thing for him to do. Open up. Well, let's go to the basis again. How all of this started as much as, you know, the court is there and these laws are there for us to test them. The fact that political parties, especially the APC and some of their office holders in the first place decided to go through the route of this place holder situation. Shouldn't we be questioning that in the first instance? Or we're just letting it slide because you know what, these things come and go and what's most important is who wins or who emerges at the end of the day. I think that you are muted. Okay. I don't think that we can hear you, Mr. Tara. So we'll go back to Mr. Yatuk. Mr. Yatuk, I want to, you raised some points and I noted it down. I wanted to take you, you know, take you on there. I hear you now. Okay. Open up. All right. Go ahead.  Yes, I do. Okay. First and foremost, if I have to, first of all, speak on what my brother talks about, reaching our jurisprudence. Well, that's okay. No problem about that. It's also within his rights to also go to Supreme Court to reach our jurisprudence. But that doesn't appreciate the fact that there is a violation and a fracture on the electoral app. And I think what the cut of appeal is was just the dispensation of sagacity. It was to pay. In the law, there is no prohibition for placeholder, whatever name they want. There is no such prohibition. And the law is quite clear. You see, you know, I said you can buy two forms for the same election. You can't contest with two different offices simultaneously. It is completely different when I go to an electoral app. And I go to my party. Yes, with the lawyer. And I'm also surprised. I mean, he just wanted to take chances. It's as simple as that because he's a lawyer and he sees of the past. He sees of the positions of the electoral app. And he knows that what he's doing is legally wrong, completely illegal. He can't do that. What I think he's trying to do is bring his gravitas to bear, his ways to bear. The Senate president tried it and he didn't work. They almost, I'm like almost a very large extent recognized the Senate president until I think the man, the challenger, went to court. And so much he will cry about. And I think that was why they have to delete his name. He did it. They promised. He did the same thing as well. But in the case of Acpado, Acpado who is a lawyer knows too well that what he tried to do was an enslavement. And what the Court of Appeals did is, right, that is the law. In fact, they interpreted the law strictly. You cannot have two powers. The electoral app has prohibited that. You cannot, he bought the power for the presidential election. Even if he withdrew, that is not an excuse. That was going to take me two seconds from now. But we saw for that. So he went and withdrew and not evolved after. And again, the issue of the form for the senatorial candidate was even conducted before the presidential primary. So how? He withdrew the idea of the presidential primary. Maybe they had already conducted it. So at that point, an INEC itself, because the law also said INEC shall, INEC itself did not monitor that particular election primary at purview. But it's on record that INEC did monitor the elections. He was done under the purview of INEC. I listened to INEC. He said no. And the controversy was that the one that I invited INEC, INEC will refuse to come. The other, I might say no. So which one are we going to accept? But whichever case it was the senatorial form, the primaries were conducted before the presidential primaries were conducted. So how could he have purchased two forms in the same election? When I'm talking of the same electricity, how could he have done that? And this is clearly prohibited in the new electoral act. So I think what the Supreme Court did was just to interpret the electoral act the way it is. And even if he goes to the Supreme Court, which is within his right it's not a problem. Let us see if the Supreme Court would give a different interpretation to it. And what the Supreme Court says is what it is. That's the future matter. That's the final thought. So what the Supreme Court says, any interpretation the Supreme Court uses, that is what the law is. So let us go. Because that will also be a precedent. So that for further in future we are not going to have all these things. Back to you, Mr. Gaito. You do talk about the fact that Appabio is a very impactful senator. And you talked about the fact that he's made a lot of impacts. And since you are from Ecoliq Binne, kindly educate us on how many bills that he has pushed for. And how impactful his senatorial has been. I'm not trying to say that you campaigned for him, but since you are making a case for him, how impactful has he been as a senator? It's actually quite curious that I would be seen to be talking for you. For two reasons. One, we belong to two different parties. And secondly, on a personality basis he and I were like Tom and Jerry. I keep saying that Wiley was in government. We have so many areas we don't agree but we have friends and you really can tell whether we have friends or enemies or things like that. But you see there's a way that Nigeria operates. Whether you like it or not Appabio has gotten himself into the power equation of the Nigeria state. He came in as a first-time senator and guess what he was? He was a ranking member of the Senate. First time. That's called power. That's called influence. And within the Senate there is the lawmaking and there's the representation. So he might not bring up so many bills but in terms of representation he has this career, this personality that he brings to bear wherever he is because I can tell you look he went into APC and today take it or leave it he's one of the most influential persons in the APC that he just crossed into. Within days he was going around obnobbing with Mr. President I don't know how he does it but he just has his way. So within that context it's not so much in fact it's not so much how much bills that you present which is important which is important which is very important but the politics of the Senate the politics of the Nigeria state he has what it takes all we need those of us that are from his area is to kind of make sure that he brings that capacity to bear in the larger interest of the generality of the people and not to benefit him alone as individual and that makes me curious talking about power how is this power being wielded in whose favor is this power working is he wielding this power in favor of economic beneath people or is it for personal gain because from what you're telling me it looks like oh he's got all the power but what is it translating to for the people and why should I'll tell you two things I will repeat what I've said for the third time Akbabiu and I are like Tom and Jerry I believe that there's so much that you could do which have not been done but there's a saying in our language I would call 2009 which means to kill the hero and you regret the day you need him Akbabiu I believe is a vehicle that is cared for a certain day maybe he was made for a day like this I don't know that's my thinking but it's curious that I'm the one saying this because me and Akbabiu were Tom and Jerry we fight all the time but I have a lot of respect for him I would say so and besides I think he's being disqualified as it were I have a candidate that is running for the senate position and if at the end of the day he is off I think we will be the prime beneficiary because the ADC candidate happens to be his friend and somebody that he would rather throw his weight behind and so while on one hand I'm like well well well he's good on the other hand I'm like Lord should he come to be I'm the primary beneficiary so any which way I think that the larger interest of the state and our people the generality of our people is what appeals to be more and not what benefits me or my party as an individual and besides I'm brought to this platform not as an ADC member but as a public affairs commentator so my comment must be seen to be non-partisan and relatively objective relatively objective Interesting Back to you Abu Dhabi, I know where that laughter is coming from but let's talk about party politics now Awkwabiya is a member of the APC and we know that as we speak right now the APC in Awkwabiya State is divided there are factions within the party but then of course the party had said that no matter what INEC stands is on don't forget INEC as we all know is an authority when it comes to electioneering and the processes that are involved in it well the APC is saying that no matter what the stance is Awkwabiya will be elected Senator come 2023 let's go back to violating the electoral act and parties doing whatever they like should INEC not be the ones on the chopping board right now being that they had allowed a lot of these things to scale through and now left it over to the courts to do it again could we also be wrong for insinuating that this might have been INEC's job and they had relicted that duty as opposed to the fact that in Nigeria when it comes to electoral issues the courts are the ones who have jurisprudence and again does it not necessarily have like an after effect to an aftermath on our processes the question is more difficult and so we see not just what we are looking for first things first should INEC not be have been the first in the place of dealing with this issue for it to not have gotten to this point again should INEC still not be the ones dealing with this as opposed to the courts and then I'm bringing the courts in we always leave these cases for the court hence why electoral calendars the way it is well what about this I mean it is the right of the disputers to go to court and it is the most similar thing to do especially when accommodations could not be reached and in situations like this definitely you don't expect any compromise from the disputers it's not possible and so even if INEC takes a position any party will even go to court because the court will definitely have the final so what INEC did is okay but for the party to say that really need a party was going to represent and then it is a thing that will get it to itself the party doesn't have because whatever the court says is what would be and that is what INEC would go to that is the truth and where INEC declared as a candidate because it is INEC that will conduct the elections so where are you going to declare a party the candidate INEC says he is not the candidate how are you going to do this if not they will not even be on the ballot to start what the court says is they will not delete it they will delete it so how are you going to vote for him and even if they go ahead to vote and if they don't give you votes for that party then it simply means APC will not have a candidate in the forthcoming general election it is as simple as that so here is another argument they should pray that the supreme court decides otherwise if the supreme court will uphold the judgment of the court of appeal that is final there is nothing they can do and just like even Akkadu himself who is the lawyer, the minister in temple of joseph rightly said he told his supporters he enshrined them he said he can't still go ahead with your campaign in order not to dampen the spirit of his followers he said go ahead with your campaign they can't let us wait for the supreme court judgment my lawyers are vexed with judgment and they will come up with a position Akkadu himself knows he is a lawyer when he says his lawyers are vexed he is not going to resign everything to them because he is the only lawyer so he knows probably one day Akkadu said do we need to go leaving Akkadu to go to supreme court you know why? for twin reasons the first one is that there will be a case of residue that will be final nailed on that copy you are not going to have such matters again in court because all you need to do is act in reliance upon the judgment of the supreme court in subsequent issues so you are not going to have a rehash of this kind of situation that is number one and number two and number two the issue of whether who is going to present the candidate in the fourth country would have to settle that is for this reason I wanted to put the supreme court I don't want to pre-empt what the supreme court will say but I think I can conjecture what the judgment will be although our courts cannot be trusted I say that with all amount of modest we can't limit trust to our courts because judgments are not secure but because it is the supreme court who are we going to get sagacity might be great but the supreme court in itself have failed Nigerians on so many occasions including the emo state case and the format case of river state in 3000 or 3000 or so on so the supreme court has failed Nigerians on several occasions but having said this the APC cannot say we really need the APC to be on that balance okay let me come back to you I think that has frozen talking about judiciary here I want to make it front and center let's examine the role of the judiciary in our electoral process and how well they've done now we're going to an election that as usual when it comes to this time we hear rhetoric like oh this is a make this is the one that's going to change the entirety of Nigeria's future etc etc I'm sure that you heard all that maybe you're one of those who is throwing that around but how well has the judiciary helped our electoral process and if it hasn't why have we continued to go around in this circles is there be any circle can you hear me can you hear me yes go ahead please good I was in the airport and I'm trying to board a flight when you know at the airport you hear all sorts of things and I overheard a comment from somebody that made me feel really bad really really bad concerning the judiciary somebody told me a particular election I hope you're still here okay particularly I don't want to be specific about the state or about the office but he said this guy is going to win at the lower court he's going to win at the you know court of appeal but he's going to lose a particular case not a fabulous case he's going to lose at the supreme court and the other guy asked him why are you so he said because I was unfortunate enough to overhear a judge say that there is no medal for giving the right judgment that this is their own time to get their own bite on the pie that the supreme court they are on the retirement so they can afford to close their eye to justice and make sure that the right thing is done but that at this our level there is no medal for giving the right judgment so what do they do they go for the highest bidder now I felt really depressed for a long time and why I felt depressed was because if you really look at the fact of the case there seem to be some aorta of if I may call it an aorta a reasonable substance of truth the judgements are just to me as a layman as an architect who just reads the looking at the interpretation of the judgment they just don't I just don't get it at all so coming back to where we are are you still there can you hear me yes yes yes yes I don't know where you lost me for a second you said coming back to where we are yes in a quite for instance we have four main parties and you can see this other one is like there's the PDP they have a major case in court seriously there's NNPP and YPP now when you look at the current electoral act and whether you can buy two forms those two people bought two forms how it ends up it doesn't end up I don't know and then there's AGC where I'm involved now this man here is an APC who is today not there on the ballot but they are hoping they can get on the ballot but when you look at it I seem to be the only person that has no skeletons no issues I went through the primaries I was alone and then came up so no case in court no issues with electoral act so that if care is not taken it might just come to a situation where I'm probably the only person on the ballot on the major you know contenders and so testing out the electoral act and coming to resolve the issue of buying two forms or not buying two forms placeholders or no placeholders when the supreme court gives final judgment on those cases and they are not wanting to be politically correct but they interpret the law not manding whose oath is God at this point I think that we will start to have an extremely sane electoral process going forward I just pray that God will give our judges particularly supreme court level that that presence of mind and that rationalistic instinct to stand on the side of what justice are not wanting to be politically correct okay finally open up before we go whatever the supreme court judgment turns out to be and we're not trying to preempt it what do you think this would do to those who think that they can subvert the system especially the electoral act as amended that's you know will also be consequent upon the judgment itself if for example the judgment is in safe with the strict interpretation of the electoral act of course it will serve us in less to Nigeria's that nobody's above the law so in future elections Nigeria's politicians to study the electoral to ensure that there are no infractions because they will be disqualified eventually but if the judgment is the other way around if the if the rule of law if justice is some practice to speak then it's going to also serve as an encouragement to politicians that yes it depends on your width it depends on your gravity if you have that cloud you can get away with anything and that will make no sense of the electoral act and also no sense of our laws because the law will now be meant for just the first thing who does not have the cloud once you obtain the particular statutes in the society of course you are now bigger than the law the law doesn't apply to and that will be a wrong precedent completely wrong if today you interpret the law strict censorship in favor of Mr. A and tomorrow it is not in favor of Mr. B like the Supreme Court has done in some cases in the past then you are also going to cause some form of confusion because which judgment will the law cause to rely on which judgment and that is where you have conflicting judgments that is where you have the confusion which and the Supreme Court to the Supreme Court you might only go to the Supreme Court then the Supreme Court in trying to redeem his image will not come up with that judgment and you have to take off the judgment from the Supreme Court because then Mr. A the judgment is in my favor Mr. B said the judgment is in my favor and they all go there what happens if I say they are not going to recognize me they all have judgments in their favor so what do you do that is a judgment so the Supreme Court will first and foremost like my brother rightly said first and foremost we are nationalistic it is just this but we are patriotic they must consider first and foremost the interest of the nation the peace and stability of this nation in deciding not minding whose office is gone that is what we expect so on that day whether the judgment is given I just pray that it is going to be in line whether the electoral act is legitimate or not I am not talking of legal I am talking of legitimacy but I am not legal whether the electoral act is legitimate or not it is immaterial for now it is the act and we are starting the Supreme Court's judgment to be in strict consonance with that electoral act all right well I want to say thank you gentlemen what happens at the end of the day remains to be seen but Uppunaboyin Kotara is a civil rights advocate and Izikal Nyaitog is a public affairs analyst and the governorship candidate of the ADC in Alquibam State always a pleasure gentlemen thank you so much for being on the show all right well thank you for staying with us we will take a short break now when we get back we will be discussing the worsening food and energy prices in Nigeria and what is the hope for the average Nigerian to stay with us


Overwhelmed by all the choices and advice from friends and relatives about your new baby? What to do? What to buy? Here is some advice for new parents from the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission about nursery product safety. Good news! Baby products are a lot safer today than when your parents were making these same decisions. Now, here are 10 important safety tips you need to know when shopping for baby products and preparing your home for a new baby. 1. Start with a crib that meets CPSC safety standards, the strongest crib standards in the world. New cribs don't have dangerous drop sides. They're sturdier and are required to be tested before they reach your nursery. Check the manufacturer date on any crib to make sure it's manufactured after June 2011. That's when the new safety standards became mandatory. 2. If space or cost is a concern, or if you're traveling, you could use a play yard as a portable sleeping space. More good news! CPSC strengthened the standards for play yards made after February 2013. Like your crib, check the play yard for a label that includes the manufacturer date. And, use only the mattress sold with the play yard. Don't put extra pads or pillows under the baby. This can create a gap where baby can become trapped and suffocate. CPSC worked to make play yards a safe alternative to cribs, and now they are. 3. For your baby's sleep environment, we say bear is best. Everything comes out of the crib except for the baby in a fitted sheet. Never add pillows, quilts, or comforters in any crib, bassinet, or play yard. Instead, quilts and comforters can be used as wall hangings. Just be sure to keep them out of your baby's sleep space. 4. As recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics, always place your baby on his or her back in a crib, bassinet, or play yard that meets current standards. Again, never place the baby on top of pillows or add additional padding to the sleep space. Proper placement of the crib can prevent a life-or-death situation. This next tip is key with newborns and children during their first year who can reach and pull themselves up. 5. Never place a crib near a window. A child can grab a window-blind cord or worse become entangled. You should know that every month a child dies from a window cord wrapped around his or her neck. Now that you have created a safer sleep space for your baby, here's what you need to remember when shopping for other baby products and preparing your home for a new baby. 6. Beware of cords. We mentioned keeping the crib away from windows for a couple of reasons. Use cordless blinds as a safer alternative. They are now available in stores near you. And be aware of baby monitor cords. Did you know that a baby can grab a monitor cord, get tangled in it, and strangle? So keep baby monitors and cords at least three feet away from the crib. 7. High chairs are convenient for feeding time, but always use the safety straps. And pay attention making sure the permanent restraint is between your baby's legs. These restraints prevent children from slipping and strangling on the high chair tray. 8. You probably know that when toddlers start to crawl or walk, your home has to be retrofitted for their safety. This includes anchoring televisions and furniture. Unanchored furniture and televisions can topple over onto children who climb or explore. There are inexpensive ways to anchor the furniture. It only takes a few minutes to do and can save your child's life. 9. Strollers make it much easier for you to get out and about with your baby. But you need to be aware of two safety features similar to high chairs. 1. Safety straps keep your baby in place. Without them, small babies can roll into the soft sides of the stroller and suffocate. 2. Make sure the permanent restraint is in place. Otherwise, a child can slip down between the seat and tray or crossbar and strangle. And tip number 10, connect a CPSC to learn more about safer products for your baby. You can connect to CPSC in three ways. On CPSC.gov, you'll find information about product safety recalls. You can even sign up to have new recalls of children's products sent directly to you. On saferproducts.gov, you can search for safety incident reports or report your own product safety incidents. You can also connect with CPSC on social media. Let's recap. 1. Use a crib that meets current federal standards. 2. Use a play yard made after February 2013. 3. Keep your crib free of blankets, comforters, and pillows. Bear is best. 4. Place baby to sleep on his or her back. 5. Place cribs away from cord hazards. 6. Use cordless window blinds. 7. Use the restraint straps on your high chair. 8. Anchor furniture to prevent toppling hazards. 9. Use the safety straps in your stroller. 10. Connect with CPSC to stay informed. CPSC stands for safety, especially the safety of your baby and your family.


Red Hat is committed to helping customers move from pilot to production with success and ease. My name is Steven Nules and I have over 20 years of experience with analytic and data management platforms in a variety of roles, including developer, engineering manager, product owner, and business owner. I'm currently responsible for Red Hat's AI services business, including AIOps, AI DevSecOps, and the Open Data Hub project, of which I am one of the founders. Red Hat has a long history with containers and Kubernetes, helping customers adopt OpenShift as a platform to modernize their applications. AI and machine learning routines are being embedded into applications across all lines of business and represent some of the most critical workloads being put into production today. Applying DevOps and Kubernetes principles can help reduce the time it takes for you to take a project from idea to production. And that's where Red Hat's products, services, and ecosystem can help complement the teams involved in this process. This is about more than just containerizing the workload. This is about optimizing the platform on which these workloads run. This includes support for the most common AI and machine learning frameworks, as well as support for the state-of-the-art accelerators, such as GPUs. It also includes how we embed analytics in our products and services to help improve the overall customer experience. We are partnering with established and emerging vendors to provide our customers with more capabilities than we have today. Our consulting services can help our customers implement and deploy these platforms so they can start getting results quickly. We have taken all these outputs and applied them in combination with open-source innovation in our Open Data Hub project. This project serves as a reference implementation for how to build an AI's-a-service architecture on OpenShift. If we have piqued your interest, we encourage you to join us in the Open Data Hub community. Thanks for watching.


So, it really is a pleasure to be able to come here, to stand in for the Director of the Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Professor Matthew Collis, who can't be here tonight, to tell you a little bit about what is the GMT and why it is important for Australian scientists. Now, in 10 minutes, I'm not going to be able to give you much in the way of technical detail. So if you've got any specific questions like what is the exact F ratio of the secondary or how much does the Gregorian instrument rotate away, you'll have to save those to the end so I can answer them. But in the meantime, what I'll try to do is just give you a general picture. Now, what is the GMT? The GMT is one of a generation of new telescopes that represent the next step in the size of optical facility that astronomers have available to them. Not unimaginatively, as a class, they are known as the extremely large telescopes. This distinguishes them from the very large telescopes that we currently have. But the important point to note is that bigger and bigger telescopes have been a history of astronomy for about the last 400 years. And the reason for that is two fairly straightforward things. The first is that a bigger telescope with a larger mirror catches more light in much the same way that a larger bucket catches more rain. So if you want to look for extremely faint objects, you need a very large telescope. And the second point is that bigger telescopes produce sharper images. And so I can see finer detail on the universe and see smaller things nearby or, alternatively, things that are somewhat larger much further away. Australia's largest telescope at the moment is the four-meter Anglo-Australian telescope, which sits just outside Cunabara brand on Siding Spring Observatory. And it is nowadays a middle-sized telescope. The largest telescopes in the world are the Keck telescopes in Hawaii with mirrors that are 10 meters in diameter. So the mirror diameter is about the width of this room in highly precise glass. Now, by comparison, many of you will know about the Hubble Space Telescope and the exquisite images it produces because it's in space. Hubble is quite a small telescope nowadays. It's only a 2.5-meter telescope in size. And sort of because I'm a scientist, I have to produce plots of dots to show you this sort of progression in the size of telescopes from way back in 1600 when Galileo put together the first refracting telescopes. There's been quite an orderly progression from soon after that, almost a sort of a straight line on a logarithmic plot here, from Herschel's large reflecting telescope at the beginning of the 19th century through to the 100-inch Hooker telescope in California on Mount Wilson to the 200-inch 5-meter Hale telescope at Palomar Observatory, where I was privileged to be able to do some work as a graduate student, through to the largest telescope we've got at the moment, Kepp. There are two of those on Mauna Kaia, the mountain of Mauna Kaia in Hawaii. GMT is the next big step. And how big a step is it? It's an extremely large step indeed. So the background here shows you a sort of a color diagram of the mosaic of mirrors, seven 8.4-meter diameter mirrors, which will collect their light together to give you the equivalent in terms of collecting area of a single mirror that's 22 meters in diameter. So that's almost three times larger, well, just over twice larger the size of the Kepp telescopes, almost three times larger than the 8-meter class telescopes that are around at the moment. And in particular, it has a size for when it's diffraction limited, when the optics are tuned up so that this telescope is producing the ultimate resolution images it can, equivalent to a 24.5-meter telescope. And that magic second step happens because up at the top end of the telescope, off the top of this image, you'll see lots of images of this telescope and somebody will point one out a little bit late off. The top of these images are seven adaptive secondary mirrors that are each matched to one of these primary mirrors that can basically vibrate and wobble in order to take out the distortions induced by the earth's atmosphere and produce a diffraction limited image. It's essentially an optical telescope, an optical or infrared telescope, so it counts photons and it will work from 0.3 of a micron or 300 nanometers or 3,000 angstroms all the way up to five micron wavelengths in the infrared. And the total cost of the facility will be around, well, it has been defined that it will be 1.05 billion US dollars and those are as spent dollars, so including inflation through to the end of the project. The exciting thing for Australia is that we are a 10% partner in this project. This is going to be right at the forefront of international facilities when it comes online and it will see Australian astronomers collaborating with some of the most preeminent institutions in the world. Now you've all seen the movie that was cycling through just before we started, but I think it's worthwhile to give you an idea of the scale of this project. This is the enclosure and that's the telescope. There's the focus where the secondary mirrors are actually held to send light back through the hole in the primary mirror here to the instruments. That is the tractor trailer of a semi-trailer. That's a tiny little thing down there. So this is going to be one ginormous structure. I actually did the calculation, the area that's been cleared on the top of this mountain to put the telescope on is large enough to put the MCG on. The partnership that we're going to be involved with really does involve some of the leading astronomical institutions in the world. The Carnegie Institution in Pasadena, which was involved in the construction and use of the Hale 200-inch telescope. For many years, the largest telescope in the world. University of Arizona, University of Texas at Austin, Texas A&M University, University of Chicago, where of course Fermi did a lot of nuclear work back just before the war. Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory in Harvard. So these are really big name institutions around the globe. Also the Kazi, the Koreans are involved. And here in Australia, there are essentially two partners involved. The ANU, who is a 5% partner. And Astronomy Australia Limited, representing the rest of the astronomical institutions in Australia, who is also a 5% partner. The telescope itself will be installed at Las Campanas Observatory in Chile. And Brazil, the state of São Paulo in Brazil is also a partner. So this is the place where the telescope goes. It's a Southern Hemisphere facility, on one of the very best observing sites in the world. So why are we doing all this? Of course, there's no point just building a giant telescope in order to have a bigger telescope than everybody else. That would be a frightful waste of a billion dollars. We're building this because it will enable the next generation of astronomers to be working at the absolute forefront of the field. So the exquisite imaging that GMT will produce will probe the dark matter structure in and within nearby galaxies to our own and do so at a much greater distance. So we'll be able to look at the detailed structure of the dark matter in a much larger range of galaxies than we can with telescopes at the moment. The enormous aperture will enable us to detect the first light coming from the very first stars and galaxies back in the early days of the universe. And the ability of this telescope to be a general purpose telescope with a wide suite of instruments that you'll hear a little bit more about as we go on this evening, will allow astronomers to explore the detailed histories of how stars form in these galaxies and how galaxies are built up and evolve over the history of the universe. And from my point of view, the exciting part of this telescope that I want to be able to use, hopefully just shortly before I retire, is going to be that the GMT's huge collecting area allows us to do searches for and studies of planets around nearby stars that are not simply not possible at the moment. The research we do in finding planets around other stars is essentially limited by how many photons we can get from all of those stars because we have to use very precise techniques to see the impact the planet has on the star. We don't actually see the planets themselves. And so that takes lots and lots and lots of photons and being able to do that with an enormously larger telescope with the exquisite quality of instrumentation that GMT is going to have is going to be groundbreaking for that field. In particular, this science is science that the GMT will do first before any of the other generation of extremely large telescopes. So it's going to be an extremely exciting time to be working on exoplanets over the next decade with this instrument. So at that point, I will stop. So that's the general background. That's why we want to build the next generation of enormously larger telescope. And the exciting thing I think is that the fact that this is a telescope that really will enable Australian astronomers here at ANU and everywhere else around the nation to be competing, to be collaborating with leading astronomers around the globe in undertaking the forefront astronomy of the next generation. Thank you. Thank you.


What's up everyone, Takedown here. Welcome back to another video. WrestleMania 40 is right around the corner. Today we're going to be taking a look at the best WrestleMania matches of all time. Let's get right into this. Now before we start, I did just want to mention I did limit this to 10 matches. So in my opinion, this is the top 10 matches of WrestleMania in the WWE of all time. Hope you guys enjoy. Up first we have WrestleMania 17, Edger and Christian versus the Hardy Boys versus the Deadly Boys. Three tag teams battled in a ladder match for the tag team titles. This was still talked about. This match is still talked about today and for a good reason. These six competitors raised the bar for what could be accomplished in a ladder match with breathtaking moves, death-defying stunts that would go on to inspire countless wrestlers. WrestleMania 13, Bret Hart versus Stone Cold Steve Austin. This was a submission match and the match defined the careers of both Bret Hart and Stone Cold Steve Austin. In a brutal and bloody submission match, Stone Cold passed out instead of giving up, cementing his place as one of the toughest superstars in WWE history. WrestleMania 20 Edge versus the Undertaker. Edge and the Undertaker's no disqualification match at WrestleMania 20 was a true showcase of athleticism with both men taking massive risks to try to overcome and come out on top. In the end, the Undertaker streak remained intact. WrestleMania 19, Kurt Angle versus Brock Lesnar. This match saw two of the best technical wrestlers in WWE history facing off in a masterpiece of a match. Kurt Angle and Brock Lesnar put on a hard-hitting, high-intensity match that had the crowd on the edge of their seats. The match saw both wrestlers deliver impressive performances and showed why they're the best in the business. WrestleMania 17, The Rock versus Stone Cold Steve Austin. This was known as the Showstopper match. The Rock and Stone Cold Steve Austin were two of the biggest stars in WWE history. And their showdown at WrestleMania 17 was one of the most anticipated matches of all time, with both men putting on a clinic of athleticism and storytelling as a result, the instant classic remains one of the best matches in WrestleMania history. WrestleMania 22, Edge versus Mick Foley. This match was an all-out brawl featuring tables, ladders, and chairs. Edge and Foley gave it their all in an extreme match that had the crowd on the edge of their seats. From the iconic spear through the flaming table to the turnbub... From the iconic spear through the flaming table to the thumbtacks in the ring, this match had everything. WrestleMania 24, Shawn Michaels versus Rick Flair. This emotional match was dubbed The Nature Boy's Last Stand and it was a true display of wrestling greatness. Flair and Michaels delivered an amazing performance that had the crowd on their feet and when Michaels was hitting the move, the sweet chin music to retire and when Michaels hit the finishing move, the sweet chin music to retire Flair, it was a moment that will forever be etched in wrestling history. WrestleMania 18, The Rock versus Hulk Hogan. This match was billed as the icon versus icon showdown and it did not disappoints. The Rock and Hogan had put on an amazing match and had the crowd split in half between the two legends. The electricity in the air was palpable as they traded blows and when Hogan hit his famous leg drop, the crowd went wild. And as the last match, we have WrestleMania 26, The Undertaker versus Shawn Michaels. This was the rematch of an epic battle at WrestleMania 25 and it was just as good. Michaels knew that this match could be his last and he gave it his all against The Undertaker. The match was filled with drama and suspense and when The Undertaker finally hit his finishing move, the tombstone pile driver, it was a moment that will be remembered forever. These are, in my opinion, the top 10 WrestleMania matches of all time and they definitely are among some of the great ones. Of course, there are others as well. I could have listed a whole bunch from WrestleMania 25 which will always be one of my favorite WrestleMania's of all time. You had Matt versus Jeff Hardy in an insane match. You had Edge versus The Big Show versus John Cena, which was awesome. Every match at WrestleMania 25, in my opinion, was awesome. But for the sake of this video, I wanted to mix it up and I wanted to pick some of the best WrestleMania's matches of all time. Hope you guys enjoyed. Comment down below what your favorite WrestleMania match is and let's get ready for WrestleMania 40.


A how-to guide on editing your video on a computer. Now that you have started an editing project, you are ready to begin editing. You will want to begin by adding clips to your timeline. To do this, find your media panel and make sure the My Media tab is selected. Choose Photos Library. Now, select a clip that you would like to add to the timeline. When you hover your mouse over the tabs on either the left or right of the clip, arrows will appear. Click and drag the arrows to the desired portion of the clip that you would like to use. When satisfied, click the small square with a plus sign on the clip to add it to your timeline. You can also grab the clip and drag it to your timeline. Repeat these steps for each clip you would like to add. Once you have added your clips, you can view your video by moving the playhead to the beginning of your timeline and then pressing the play button in the viewing panel. You can also press the spacebar on your keyboard to start and stop your video. If you have chosen a theme, you will notice that iMovie has automatically added transitions between each of the clips added and titles to the beginning and end of your movie. Transitions should only be used for a specific purpose. For example, to show a before and after, or to emphasize the passing of time. Otherwise, transitions are not necessary. To remove the transitions, select the small square between each clip and press the delete or backspace key on your keyboard. The first time you do this, iMovie will tell you that automatic titles and transitions are turned on. Choose turn off automatic content. You may now delete each of the transitions in the title that iMovie has added in. After viewing the clips in your timeline, you may decide you want to make changes. To do this, move your mouse over the beginning or end of the clip you would like to edit. Arrows will appear.  You can split a clip by moving the playhead to where you want to cut it. Right click on the clip and choose split clip. To delete a clip, select the clip and press your delete or backspace key on your keyboard. To undo and edit, go to edit at the top left corner of your screen and choose undo. You can also press command Z on your keyboard. To edit your audio, select a clip and choose the volume icon above your viewing panel. Now, slide the circle to the left to lower and to the right to turn up your volume. If you right click on the clip and select detach audio, your audio will separate from its video and you can edit the audio independently. To add music or sound effects, select the audio tab in your media panel. Choose sound effects under audio. To choose music, select the folder at the top of the media panel and choose theme music. This audio is provided by iMovie and free to use. When adding music or audio that you didn't record, it is crucial that you have gotten permission to use these. Severe legal consequences can occur if using copyrighted music without permission. To add titles to your video, select the titles tab in the media panel. You may now choose between a variety of options. Click and drag the title of your choice to where you want it on your timeline. Double click on the title to highlight and add your preferred text. Titles should be at least three seconds. Final movies should be no longer than three minutes. When you are ready to export your movie, select the button with the square and upward pointing arrow at the tap right corner of your window. Choose file. Make sure your resolution is set to 1080p. The quality is set to high and compress is set to better quality. Click next and name your final project and choose where you would like it to save. Click save and your movie will export and appear in the folder where you saved it. You now have the tools needed to create a video from beginning to end.


I do most of the podcast mixing for the nocella cast and for chitchat across the pond using a tool called Hindenburg and I have tracked down math sorry Chuck Wang at the podcast movement in order to talk to him about Hindenburg and the main reason I wanted to talk to you guys is so that other people that listen to the show could learn how the tool I love so much works for me so welcome to the show here. Thank you thanks for having me. Alright so describe to people what is a digital audio workstation that's probably the best place to start. It's everything that you need to create an audio story it's just all the effects recording being able to edit and being able to publish and multi-track and multi-track because our editors that I really like like fission but it's not multi-track so I can't use that so I need something that has multiple tracks sure and then that's what Hindenburg provides the journalist pro. Alright so yeah describe what are the what is the difference you've got a couple of different products there. We have journalist and journalist pro and what the big features are our Norris reduction in journalist pro and we've got voice profiler and being able to publish to multiple destinations quickly and easily. Okay so I think I have the junior version I have just a journalist and it's been working great for me so describe to people how the software works. Honestly it's the simplest if this is the simplest way to record edit and publish podcast and all you really need to do is plug in a microphone hit record button and start playing around with it you can actually get up and go. Nope nope you got to arm the track first. Right you do have to arm the track but it's as simple as hitting record after you arm it and then just going to town. I'm just saying that because 100% of the time I start recording I press that record button and it goes no you forgot to arm a track first. What does arm a track even mean? Arming a track is it means for example you would just hit record to arm the track so it's ready you select your track you arm it so it's ready. So you're pressing a little but red button on the track button and then you hit the red button below. But why do I have to arm a track first is that so it knows on which track I want to record. You just just you're just prepping the workspace to get ready to record. Okay so one of the things that is was invisible to me when I first started using Hindenburg was I would just drag my audio in from outside of Hindenburg and drag it in and then I would start working with it. Sure.  Right. I didn't even know the sidebar was there until I watched that and that's like huge and powerful. It is it is powerful if you want a storyboard because you can organize all your clips in our clipboard and it's a matter of literally dragging and dropping things that you find important to you to create that narrative on the right pane. Oh yeah. I mean it was magical once I knew about it but the right pane is full is is not displayed by default so I didn't know it existed and once you know that that's there that's really really powerful. I noticed you have other things in there. You have a you have a clipboard showing so I've been talking about the favorites which is where I keep my jingles but what is the clipboard actually the clipboard is the storyboarding portion of it so if you find a nice segment within a conversation that you've recorded that you want to save as far as your narrative goes you can actually script in that clipboard area. So for example if I'm talking to Allison Allison you've got a great segment that I want to put to the side for later and then I have Steve Steve has another conversation and we put his his tracks in there as well and we create a story because sometimes the interview isn't necessarily what is what unfolds. Oh interesting. Go through and edit that narrative. That's not what podcasters do.  Right and you can do that too and that's also really powerful because like you know with the favorites you create your intros or outros you save what you need and you drag it over to workspace when you're ready to use it it's there. Okay I can see how that could work. Now here's another question I have always had when I when we look at the Hindenburg interface by default it says voice track interview music track five you can name those. Why does that matter? It's a visual organization. So it doesn't actually change anything to have a name. No because I notice every time I open it up it has in there the names that I did the last time and I sit there worrying about going okay well is this an interview or you know because it's something that I did before. Right it's all about your preferences honestly it's you can have this be Allison it would be Steve you'd be Chuck down below and your music. It doesn't matter. It just to give yourself a cue so you remember that's Allison's track. Exactly. Okay that makes that makes sense one of the things I do like about Hindenburg too is that when I bring an audio track in it sort of levels it right? Right again like Hindenburg what's really powerful about Hindenburg is we take a lot of the steps out of the process so you don't have to think about it you don't have to worry about industry standard levels like you said you just drag a clip over and then we'll automatically set the levels to industry standard for you. Well Hindenburg Pro does the industry standard thing I think right? We do actually minus 16 if you bring it in on the journalist as well. Okay I didn't know that because I actually run through a whole leveling process afterwards so I level it twice apparently. You don't need to. That's interesting I did not know that I should take a look at the waveform before and after so as far as publishing what happens in that step. Publishing is really easy it's here so if you have multiple hosts like you have Libsons, Spreaker or whatnot all you have to do is create a profile for each and afterwards you can do one click publishing it's easier to see online it's a three minute tutorial. Sure sure okay that's pretty cool one of the things that I didn't kind of catch on at first is this is a cross-platform app correct? Right you can Windows, Mac yeah. I hear people still use Windows I don't know any of them but the but just to be fair one of the things that is an interesting thing about this is because it is cross-platform there's some things that don't work exactly like a traditional Mac app and we can you and I can get into that afterwards but there's a few things that are just like oh that's because this is a cross-platform app I noticed some differences in the interface. You have to point out specific ones yeah but there I'm sure there's going to be some differences in terms of especially like shortcuts. Yeah yeah sure sure okay well this is very cool if people wanted to look into Hindenburg well we should talk about the pricing I happen to have gotten on a very weird sale but a one-time only in the history of time sale but in general how much is Hindenburg? In general it's $95 for journalists and then $375 for journalists pro. Okay so that's that's not a cheap app but for the capabilities that you're getting here I think it's a really powerful app. Honestly it's the time savings it's the lack of frustration and it's having really something it's intuitive for you to work with that you can use day in day out and not have to go anywhere else it's everything that you need and nothing that you don't. Okay okay great well thank you very much for taking the time with us Chuck. You're very welcome. Alright wait you got to say hi to hi to hi Martin. Martin is at home in Copenhagen didn't get to come and he's really mad so I had to go talk to Chuck. Right Martin the whole ball's well Chris Nick everyone else


We come from different circumstances and history, but we are united by a common vision. And by a common destiny, when our partnership progress, economic resilience increases, innovation grows, science flourishes knowledge advances, humanity benefits, our seas and skies are safer, democracy will shine brighter and the world will be better place. That is the mission of our partnership, that is our calling for this sanctuary.


In just the past few decades, our world has been radically changed by the development of almost invisible layers of information networks that now wrap around the planet connecting ever more people into common exchanges. Telecommunications has connected us. Online platforms have provided the coordination mechanisms for organizing more and more spheres of our lives. But now a new dimension is being added to this as blockchains enable us to securely record and exchange value automatically and with low friction. It is when we put all these components together that we get the infrastructure for truly rethinking and redesigning economic and enterprise structures based upon open dynamic networks. Information technology, telecommunication networks, online platforms and blockchains are enabling us to create ever larger systems of organization for economic production and exchange, enabling the switch from closed organizations competing to open networks with these networks being organized via market mechanisms. The blockchain, through smart contracts, lowers the information costs and transaction costs associated with many inter-organizational contractual arrangements and so expands the scale and scope of economic activity that can be undertaken. It allows markets to operate where before only large firms could operate and it allows businesses and markets to operate where before only government could operate. Previously, institutional structures and technologies worked to strengthen coordination and cooperation within organizations leading to the formation of ever larger centralized operations. Large scale differentiation of labor was a key innovation in the enterprise that greatly expanded during the industrial revolution. With mechanized automation, individuals could focus on repeatedly performing the same operation rapidly with those diverse activities being coordinated through production processes, meaning that it was now not any one individual that produced things but instead the whole organization. We saw the development of the very large enterprises of the industrial age, such as the corporations that were hired to build the American railroads, with ranks of salary middle managers expanding as fast as the tracks were being laid down. This industrial model for the generation of value is largely a product of two factors. Firstly, the centralization of production and economies of scale that is inherent to an industrial economy. And secondly, it is also a product of the relatively high cost of collaboration and communication. In order to achieve the mass scale that the industrial environment selectively favored, standardization and predictability were a key component. Within this model, there is a strong divide between producers of value and consumers. On the one side, we have formal, well-bounded professional organizations. By aiming to maximize their efficiency, they include only the people who are most productive. On the other side, we have the consumers who consume the products and services made by the professional organizations. There is a strong divide between producers and consumers, professionals and amateurs, work and play. Today, information technology is changing the very foundation of this dynamic. Blockchains radically reduce the cost of interaction and collaboration between organizations compared to within them. Thus, the natural size of an organization can be far smaller. So once large enterprises have tokenized, then it will also be natural for them to split into smaller and smaller entities and to reform as needed. The distinction between the inside of organizations and their external market economy will become increasingly eroded as networked forms of coordination span across traditional boundaries, linking inside and outside in a greatly more fluid fashion. This will have a very profound effect on the overall structure of our economies. As they go from many closed organizations competing within markets to the emergence of large ecosystems of collaboration along whole supply chains and within the provisioning of complex service systems. Indeed, the last few decades with the emergence of the Internet has already seen the formation of large business ecosystems. Aiman Kelly of Deloitte Consulting describes this transformation well when he notes, ecosystems today are doing nothing less than redefining the shape and structure of the economy. They are increasingly determining business success and business failure. They're enabling massive and rapid innovation around the world and essentially they're playing a very, very critical role in shaping the future of our society. Essentially boundaries are blurring everywhere. The boundaries between what large firms and small firms can do. The boundaries between industries and sectors. The boundaries between organizations. The boundaries between technology domains. The boundaries between producers and consumers. Where consumers used to be passive recipients, now they are active participants in the economy. We are now living in a world where there are more nodes across more networks with more specialized capabilities and above all this extraordinary ability to connect them, to collaborate, to co-create across these systems. That's the fundamental shift that's restructuring economies and I think is actually going to fundamentally change our society. Recently, an important idea that has been gaining acceptance within the business community. The idea that businesses of many shapes and sizes can thrive and serve customers better as participants in ecosystems. More diverse and collaborative. More adaptive and agile than traditional industry structures and supply chains. The term ecosystem is a useful metaphor that points to a deep interdependence across players as they co-evolve and together create and share resources. Many of these ecosystems are built on top of powerful platforms that facilitate connectivity and invite the act of participation of a large number of other players. Businesses that understand ecosystems and how they work are discovering exhilarating new opportunities to co-create new value streams with multiple players often including customers. They achieve this by harnessing the new coordinating power of advanced technologies to create scale and serve untapped markets faster than ever before. Work with others to meet important human needs and by delivering complex services in ways that would be beyond the capacities of any single organization. They attract and activate passionate communities of talented individuals and organizations and accelerate learning and innovation. To understand the potential of this idea, we need just think of one relatively trivial example. Imagine all of the drug companies having the means and incentives to collaborate on producing a single best drug instead of 90% of their resources being wasted competing while only one gets to patent a new drug. With the shift towards token economics, our economies will evolve from the traditional model of the industrial age based around centralized closed organizations competing to more user-generated systems that both collaborate and compete within large open networks. The critical change that will come about will be the move towards a service-oriented architecture to hold macroeconomies and indeed the global economy as a whole. As the strength of these open trusted networks grows and connectivity proliferates, the centralized organization will become unbundled along many dimensions and the product-based push-model of competition of the past will evolve into a dynamic, plug-and-play networked model that works to aggregate modular on-demand services around the needs of end-users. Over time, those service-oriented blockchain-based networks will become increasingly automated through the development of smart contracts. In a recent article from the RMIT Blockchain Innovation Hub, the authors write, For many industries, the blockchain will radically redefine the boundaries of the firm, allowing individuals to trade their talents and skills in an environment devoid of big business. The eclipse of the large public firm has been predicted before, of course, but this time we believe those predictions will eventuate for many, if not most, industries. The organizational paradigm of the token economy will be large service networks. Digital networking technologies enable networks to overcome their historical limits. They can, at the same time, be flexible and adaptive thanks to their capacity to decentralize performance along a network of autonomous components. While still being able to coordinate all this decentralized activity towards a shared purpose. A huge structural change that is coming about as we move into the information services economy, based on these information networks, is the shift from static structures to dynamic flows of value as the organizational model. Unlike the industrial economy that was based on fixed structure, such as the formal hierarchy or products produced, a service and token economy is one that is fundamentally based on value delivered. The organization is not based on fixed structures, roles or boundaries, but instead is based more upon value produced and exchange. This value can be defined in terms of services. From this perspective, the organization is a network of value exchange and the members of the organization are those that provide value, the service providers. Existing centralized companies, when they design their products, they have to design around the constraints of the existing fiat currency system. Although not often noticed, this, in fact, has a lot of limitations as transfer costs are high. They are slow, that's why we pay employees at the end of the month. It is for this reason that we don't pay every person every second. That's a constraint of the existing financial system and we build our products around those constraints. But this is going to change with the microtransaction capacities of the blockchain. When economic activities move to a blockchain, tokenized and servitized, we can then begin to actually track the real flow of value exchanges and match those with token exchanges. Instead of buying a song, you stream it and pay in tokens for what you stream.  Or instead of paying a fixed insurance rate, you pay your insurance as you drive, etc. Digital communication networks are the backbone of the network society. As the electrical power networks were the infrastructure on which the industrial society was built. Furthermore, because the network society is based on networks and communication networks transcend boundaries, the network economy is global. It is based on global networks. By reducing the border around centralized organizations, blockchain networks morph into ever larger systems as they provide the underlying infrastructure for the evolution of a new level of economic organization on a global level. These token economies can be at once local and that they enable anyone to set up their own micro exchanges of value but also inherently global. These networks, because they're living in this global computer network rather than inside of a specific cluster of servers somewhere, have a certain magical property which is that they're global by default. They're everywhere from the day that you release them and the services are universally available. This is quite interesting because it changes delivery at the edges of the network. Currently, we are not very good at delivering services beyond the 2 billion richest people on earth. The fact that these networks are inherently global, the fact that all the logic is kind of buried in the payments architecture, the fact that there's no real recognition or international borders in these systems because they all operate embedded in the internet. They don't see the world as a set of countries. They just see as an enormous global network. All of those things point to the possibility, currently quite far off, that we are beginning to see global service architectures that run on these systems. Not just the payments which we already have and are being used very successfully in a lot of poorer countries, but also the possibility that the services which are built on top of those payments will turn out also to be global by default, which could have a huge democratizing effect on the global economy.


As we can see in inconsistencies can ruin the immersion or lower our enjoyment of the show. I think in this context I reminded of shows that are based on literature on books such as Lord of the Rings. You know in some countries there were multiple translations of the Lord of the Rings and then when you were subtitling a film or a TV series that's taking place in this universe of the Lord of the Rings and there are new productions now by Amazon for instance. I can imagine if you don't use the right terminology from the books and that that can involve actually selecting the right translation because there may be multiple translations they said. The fans can be outraged. Some time ago I saw some posts on social media there was an event with actors from the games of thrones and it was translated live, not the TV series but the event, the premiere and the fans were outraged that the translators or interpreters in that case they did not use the right terminology which was used when translating the TV series and I also attended an event that when the Witcher series was launched and it was a live event and also there was a need for translation and I remember that multiple translators when they were approached about interpreting that event they were afraid because they didn't know books by Andrzej Sapkowski on which the Witcher is based and they were afraid they will not use the right terminology and the fans will go after them. So we can see how consistency can be important in all sorts of projects. Now it's a challenge to ensure consistency. You've already given tips to subtitles and to LSPs to content owners and how steps they can take. One such step is obviously good subtitle revision or good QC or QA quality control or quality assurance process and you know perhaps discuss the role of quality assurance. How can it help in maintaining consistency? I think you already said the most important thing if a project manager definitely needs to divide a material between several translators translation is usually more time consuming than QC and maybe perhaps it is possible to assign one QC to the entire material so that there is at least one person who can see the entire text and has some knowledge and context and power over the entire text and can introduce changes that might be necessary because the translators did not I don't know maybe either they did not communicate with one another or maybe even they did it's still possible that you know something was missed or they were unaware that something is repeated elsewhere in the text and kind of like the story with the letter and it just these these things are very difficult to foresee beforehand and even if you want to prepare your translators as best as you can you cannot foresee everything and that's why a good QC one person who knows the entire context can solve all such problems and correct any mistakes that are that are bound to happen