So, now I will talk after having discussed the weak law of large numbers, we will talk about strong law of large numbers and I will first just state the theorem. So, the theorem simply says that if x 1, x 2, x n is a sequence of independent and identically distributed random variables, each having a finite mean mu equal to expected x i, then with probability 1, see this is the important thing. Now, we are saying that with probability 1, this average of the sample values x 1 plus x 2 plus x n upon n will converge to mu as n goes to infinity. So, that means this is a sure event. So, therefore, you can immediately see the difference between the weak law of large numbers, there it said that the probability that in probability x bar converges to or x bar n converges to mu, here we are saying that with probability 1, x bar n will converge to mu. So, that means this is a sure event provided the expectation of each of the x i's is finite. So, before we start proving the theorem, let us just interpret what does it mean and so what we are saying is that if you conduct sequence of independent trials of some experiment e, some experiment, suppose you conduct independent trials of an experiment, if say for example, test tossing two coins. So, you go on doing that and then e is a fixed event of the experiment. So, you decide that you just decide on one of the events that will occur when you are conducting this experiment. Say for example, you are tossing two coins and you want two heads to appear three times, see you know one after another, suppose e is that event. So, you go on tossing the coin, the two coins and you do the experiment till your, in this case I am talking of the occurrence of this thing. So, maybe we can say that I toss two coins 10 times and then I want to see how many times I get two heads, that means both the coins show head. So, that would be my event e for example. So, e is a fixed event of the experiment. Then and let p e denote the probability of the occurrence of e on a particular trial. So, this is probability of occurrence of e on a particular trial. Now, define x i as 1 if e occurs on the ith trial. So, I am defining an indicator variable just to show you that how we can interpret this strong law of large numbers. So, it says that if x i is 1, if e occurs on the ith trial and 0 if e does not occur on the ith trial. So, this will be the indicator variable of the event e, that means if e occurs on the ith trial will say x i takes the value 1, otherwise x i takes the value 0. So, then what the strong law of large numbers is saying that see this sequence x 1 plus x 2 plus x n upon n, this is converging to mu as n goes to infinity with probability 1. So, that means and what does this count x 1 plus x 2 plus x n, x 1 plus x 2 plus x n is the number of occurrences of e in the first n trials. Because x i is 1 if e occurs in the ith trial. So, when you add up x 1 plus x 2 plus x n, that will be the total number of times e has occurred when you have conducted the first n trials. You just started and then you started counting, you started your trials and then you started to count the number of times e occurs and that is given by x 1 plus x 2 plus x n. So, number of and strong law of large numbers is saying that this ratio, that means the number of times e has occurred divided by the total number of trials that will converge to your expected value of expected value of x i which is equal to p e. So, this we are denoting the probability of the occurrence of e by p e. So, this is the probability of e. I mean I have denoted p e by the probability of occurrence of e. So, this ratio will converge to e x i which is the probability of e and this is with probability 1. So, this is a certain event. So, this is interesting interpretation and therefore, this the strong law of large numbers reinforces our concept of the way we had defined probability through relative frequency. Now, let us prove the result. So, we have assumed that expectation of x i minus mu raise to 4 is equal to k is less than infinity. So, we are assuming that the fourth moment about the mean is finite and then we show that. So, let us define s n as sigma i varying from 1 to n x i minus mu. Then, we want to compute expectation of s n 4 which means that sigma x i minus mu this whole thing i varying from 1 to n this whole thing raise to 4 expectation of this. So, now, if you expand this. So, I should have mu this part here also summation. So, this should be sigma x i minus mu I am writing sigma this. So, therefore, this whole thing is 4. So, this should be this and then this whole thing is raise to 4. So, sigma x i minus mu i varying from 1 to n and I am saying s n 4. So, this whole thing raise to 4 and then this expectation. So, when you are now taking the fourth power sigma x i minus mu raise to this whole thing raise to 4. So, therefore, I am now expanding this by the binomial theorem. So, this will be summation i varying from 1 to n x i minus mu raise to 4. So, this is your up to n terms. So, each raise to fourth power then you will take 2 at a time product of 2 at a time. So, this will be 4 times sigma i j varying from 1 to n x i minus mu cube into x j minus mu where i is different from j right. And similarly, then you will again take 2 at a time i and j and this will be 6 times x i minus mu whole square into x j minus mu whole square summation i j from 1 to n i again not equal to j. Then you will take 3 terms at a time. So, i j k and that will be plus 4 times summation i j k all varying from 1 to n, but i is not equal to j is not equal to k. So, all 3 indices have to be different and this will be x i minus mu whole square into x j minus mu into x k minus mu. And finally, product of 4 terms where again i j k l are all different I should have said here i not equal to j not equal to k not equal to l right. And this is also varying from 1 to n right. So, this is x i minus mu into x j minus mu into x k minus mu into x l minus mu. So, this is the expansion of e s n raise to 4 and so the expectation is all outside. So, this is the big bracket and expectation of this. Of course, expectation can go inside it is a linear function. So, in the sense that yes, so expectation can be taken inside. Then I have assumed independence of the random variables x 1 x 2 x n. So, then expectation of the product is product of 2 random variables is the product of the expectations. So, e can also go inside here now inside the summation sign. And since expectation of x i minus mu is 0 for all i. So, you see that the expectation of this will be 0. And similarly, this will not be 0, but here again you have linear terms. So, expectation of this and expectation of this will also be 0. And here of course, all the 4 expectations will be 0, because these are independent. So, this will be summation expectation of x i minus mu into expectation of x j minus mu and so on. So, these terms will disappear. So, you only be left with sigma i varying from 1 to n x i minus mu raise to 4. And then 6 times summation i j varying from 1 to n i not equal to j x i minus mu whole square and x j minus mu whole square. Now, we have already assumed that this is equal to k and this is less than infinity. So, here you have n such terms and again independence tells you that you can just add up these numbers. This you can add up k n times. So, this will be n k. And then here you are saying i is not equal to j. So, the choices you can have is n into n minus 1 by 2. So, this many pairs you can have i i j. So, that i is not equal to j. So, therefore, this will be n into n minus 1 by 2. So, that cancels out with 6. So, it will be 3. 3 times this is what you will get. What we are saying is that since variance of x i minus mu whole square because I am assuming that this is always non negative. So, this is equal to expectation of x i minus mu raise to 4. If I rewrite the expression for this, this is the fourth moment expectation of the fourth moment about mu minus expectation of x i minus mu whole square. Now, variance of x i minus mu whole square. So, that will be expectation of the square square of this. So, that is raise to 4 minus expectation of x i minus mu whole square then whole square. This of course, is your variance of x i. So, anyway. So, then since this is non negative therefore, this from here it follows that your expectation of x i minus mu square whole square is less than or equal to expectation of x i minus mu raise to 4 which we are taking to be k. So, therefore, this is also finite. So, therefore, everything is finite here. These things are also finite because this square is finite. So, therefore, both of these are finite. So, therefore, expectation of S n 4 is less than or equal to if you want to write n k plus 3 n into n minus 1 into k because each of them is less than or equal to root k. So, that becomes k here. And therefore, when you divide the whole thing both the sides by n raise to 4 expectation of S n 4 divided by n 4. So, this becomes k by n cube 3 k upon n square into 1 minus 1 by n. So, this you can neglect for large values of n this will become 1. Now, since 1 upon n cube sigma 1 upon n cube and sigma 1 upon n 4 are both convergent series remember because sigma 1 by n cube and sigma 1 by n 4. So, n goes to infinity 1 to infinity these are convergent. So, now, I can take the that means when I take the summation here this is a convergent series because both these series are convergent. And so, I write expectation of sigma n varying from 1 to infinity S n 4 upon n 4 is equal to this because since this is a convergent series I can take expectation inside and. So, I get this here and yes. So, see this is what we have shown is that this is finite expectation of S n 4 upon n raise to 4 summation and varying from 1 to infinity this is a finite series. So, therefore, with probability 1 this summation n raise to 1 to infinity S n 4 upon n 4 should be less than infinity. I mean see actually we have shown that each of this is because each of this is k upon n cube plus 3 k by n square into 1 minus 1 by n. So, therefore, this summation when I take the summation here sigma 1 by n cube and sigma 1 by n square they are both convergent. So, therefore, this is a convergent series, but because this is a we can take E outside because of linearity. So, then this is finite expectation of sigma and varying from 1 to infinity S n 4 upon n raise to 4 is finite. And so, we are saying that the inside thing this expression or this series must be finite because if there is some positive probability that the sum is not finite. If this sum is not finite then its expectation will not be finite. And we have shown that the expectation is less than sigma expectation this thing and therefore, that thing is finite. So, this must be finite because if there was any positive probability that this is not finite then the expectation would not be finite. So, therefore, I am saying with probability 1. So, this is the main point. I will repeat the argument that we have said that this is a finite series, but this I can rewrite as expectation this. And why we are saying this because this whole thing is finite because if this was not finite then expectation would not be finite, but here we have this is this whole thing is finite. So, this is equal to this and this is finite. So, therefore, sigma n varying from 1 to infinity S n 4 upon n raise to 4 is finite. And if a series infinite series has a finite sum it is a convergent series then the n th term must go to 0. Otherwise again from your convergence of series you know that this is the necessary condition that the n th term must go to 0 if the series is convergent. So, therefore, sigma S n 4 upon n 4 and varying from 1 to infinity less than infinity implies that the n th term must go to 0 as n goes to infinity. And if the now this if this goes to 0 then the fourth power one fourth one fourth root of this will also go to 0. So, therefore, limit S n upon n as n goes to infinity is 0. And so just replacing the value of S n here this is sigma x i minus mu by n and varying from 1 to i varying from sorry i varying from 1 to n limit as n goes to infinity is 0. And so you can just take summation inside here. So, sigma x i by n i varying from 1 to n limit n goes to infinity is mu. So, this is with probability 1. So, essentially here I just needed the fact that to prove this strong law of large numbers that means first of all let us just be clear. So, what we are saying is that this will happen with probability 1. So, that means it is a sure event. And so as n goes to becomes larger and larger what we are saying is that this x n bar your x n bar will converge to mu. So, it will get closer and closer to mu and this is a sure event this is happening with probability 1. In the law of weak law of large numbers I we just simply said that the probability of x n bar minus mu see this value greater than delta probability of this could be shown to be less than epsilon. And then of course this is n. So, therefore this was only in terms of probability. Now, here we are saying that this is a sure event that x n bar must go to mu as n goes to infinity. The thing is that and of course here I just needed the fact that expectation of x i minus mu raise to 4 this thing is less than infinity. So, what I want to say is that if the kind of distribution that we have discussed in this course all of them I could show you the existence of M G F. I have not taken any distribution for which the M G F did not exist or for which the mean and the variance did not exist. So, in fact all the distribution that we have considered here. So, therefore you can see that for all of them this condition will also be satisfied. Because if the M G F exists then the fourth moment will also be finite. In fact, the moment say M G F you can what we mean by M G F is that is when you expand it you get as different powers of the power of t raise to n upon n factorial would give you the nth moment about the origin. So, if that is finite then you can say that this is also finite. And so, therefore the strong law of large numbers also holds for all these distributions. So, the weak law of large numbers and the strong law of large numbers both hold. So, essentially it is only when you have situations where your well actually may be I should not really worry about that part. But essentially the proof has been this proof has been given under the condition that expectation of x i minus mu raise to 4 is less than infinity fine. And that this is a sure event that means here this will converge the x n bar will converge to mu as n goes to infinity with probability 1. Now, just want to look at Sterling's formula here and see all of you know that n factorial can be approximated by under root of 2 pi n into n by e raise to n. So, many times this is a very useful way of approximating the factorials. And in many limiting situations and so on we it is very helpful to be able to replace n factorial by this and then you can get good results. So, in other words what we are saying is that n factorial upon under root 2 pi n n by e raise to n goes to 1 as n goes to infinity this is the idea. Now, the solution what we are doing here is we are saying that let x i be Poisson 1 that means the lambda is 1. So, mean this thing the parameter for the Poisson distribution is 1. So, let me take x i this then take n to be sigma x i i varying from 1 to n. So, this will be Poisson n and for Poisson n your variance that means variance of n is also n remember for Poisson lambda mean and variance are the same and they are both equal to the parameter lambda. So, now if you want to estimate this probability n equal to n this using the central limit theorem using the central limit theorem I will say that x this can be approximated using the continuity factor x lies between n minus half and n plus half where x is your normal n n. So, applying the central limit theorem I will approximate this probability by saying that the corresponding normal. So, for large n we will say that n behaves like a normal variable with mean n and variance n. So, this is what you want to compute and therefore in terms of. So, when I want to write this probability. So, this one because x is normal I will write as 1 upon under root 2 pi n because the variance is n. So, standard deviation will be root n and this will be n minus half to n plus half of e minus x minus n whole square to n dx. So, this is my probability using because I have used the central limit approximation fine. Now, just look at this integrand. See what I am saying here is that x minus n whole square upon 2 n at the lower limit n minus half is n minus half minus n by 2 n whole square which is 1 by 4 into 2 n. So, this goes to 0 as n goes to infinity and so e raise to minus something going to 0 is 1. Similarly, when you substitute n plus half for x then again this will be 1 by 8 n. So, you see the in the limiting case as n becomes large the 2 limits come close and the value of the integrand is close to 1 because for n large this is always 1. So, therefore you can always say that this integral is you can multiply you take the maximum value of the integrand. So, which is 1 into the length of the interval which is also 1. So, this is this upon root 2 pi n. So, just apply this approximation because the theorem from integral calculus. So, this integrand is double throughout and then you multiply that by the length of the interval. So, you get 1 upon under root 2 pi n and so this probability is approximated by 1 upon under root 2 pi n and but since this is we said this is Poisson random variable because we started with the assumption that n is sigma x i. So, then this probability in terms of Poisson probability can be written as e raise to minus n n raise to n divided by n factorial and. So, from when you equate these two when you get that n factorial I mean you equate this with this and then approximate by 1 upon under root 2 pi n. So, your n factorial is under root 2 pi n n by e raise to n. So, you know see the interesting applications I mean I just came across that this application I thought I will discuss with you about the central limit theorem. So, strong law of large numbers we have sort of established, but as we saw that for us actually there will be no difference and we will continue to approximate mu by x n bar for reasonably large values of n. So, now I will want to talk about joint moment generating functions we talked about the moment generating function for a single random variable and then we talked of you know we could compute for independent random variables when you talk of some of independent random variables like 2 random variables x and y are independent. Then I could also you know because of through independence we could define the moment generating function of x plus y because it was just the product of the moment generating function of x and y, but there should be a general definition of moment generating function of more than 1 variable when they are not independent. So, therefore, just completing this you know this part of the theory. So, what we are saying is so the definition simply says that if x 1, x 2, x n are n random variables and then the joint moment generating function of these. So, I mean if they are these n random variables, so we are given the joint density function of the n random variables then we can define the moment generating function of these n random variables as of course, right now I am not. So, this simply the expectation that means, so you now need n real numbers t 1, t 2, t n. So, we will say that the moment generating function of x 1, x 2, x n is actually and I will denote the m g f by m of t 1, t 2, t n this is expectation of e raise to t 1, x 1 plus t 2, x 2 up to t n, x n for all t all real numbers t 1, t 2, t n for which this expectation is defined. And the individual m g f's can be obtained from this by putting all but, one of the t i is equal to 0 and then getting the corresponding function from here because then it will be say for example, for the ith you want to compute the m g f of or obtain the m g f of the ith random variable here then I will put all other t i is equal to 0. So, m of x i at t would be e t x i expectation of e raise to t x i which will be in terms of the function m here would be simply 0 0 and then t i you write as t and all other are 0's. So, therefore, when you define the joint m g f you can get the individual m g f also and just as in one variable case we had we did not prove the result, but we stated it and said that if the moment generating function uniquely defines your distribution function also. So, once you have obtained the moment generating function of a random variable then you know what its distribution function will also be and of course, it is unique. So, here also in the joint case we will again just assume this result that the moment generating function uniquely defines the joint distribution of x 1, x 2, x n. So, and now what we want to so it uniquely defines this and now under independence. So, therefore, if the joint density function is uniquely defined then we can conclude that if the random variables x 1, x 2, x n are independent then I mean this is the condition if and only if your m t 1, t 2, t n can be written as the product of individual this thing. So, here if you want to write you can do this also and that means, you can decompose your joint moment generating function into the product of individual m g f. So, I mean assuming that this result we have sort of accepted that the m g f will define the distribution function uniquely and so now we can so you want me to show let us show the if and only if part. So, now if they are independent then of course, the things follow immediately because you will write expectation of e t 1, x 1 plus t n, x n and that will be and this you can then write as product and because x 1, x 2, x n are independent the expectation I can take inside and so this whole thing this can be written as this. This is because x 1, x 2, x n are independent product of the expectations and so it immediately follows that this is your m g f of x 1, this is m g f of x n and so you can write these. Now, the other way now let us show the converse that is now suppose 1 holds. So, we want to show that this relationship will also we can conclude from here that x 1, x 2, x n are independent random variables. So, we can see if you look at the right hand side of 1. So, this part then this represents the m g f of n independent random variables because it is the product of n m g f. So, therefore and which we know we have said that if two random variables are independent then the m g f of the two random variables will be the product of individual random variables. So, just extending that rule this represents the product of this represents the m g f of n independent random variables. Now, the i th of this random variable the i th term here m x i t i of which has the same distribution as x i because. So, here each one of them for example, m x 1 t 1. So, this is the moment generating function of x 1 and as we have been saying that the moment generating functions characterize the p d f uniquely. So, therefore each of the terms here each of the m g f here determine uniquely the corresponding distribution p d f or so which is of the i th variable. So, just as for a single random variable the m g f uniquely determines the distribution of the random variable the joint m g f uniquely determines the joint distribution. So, therefore from here we can say that the product of the.  So, this will determine the joint p d f of x 1 x 2 x n, but then that is we have shown is the product of the individual p d f's and this is how we have defined independence of the random variables x 1 x 2 x n that is if the joint p d f which I have written down here. So, the right hand side of one represents a distribution which is the product of individual distributions of x i's and therefore this is the and so here and therefore you can expression wise also write that m of t 1 t 2 t n is equal to this expectation of t 1 x 1 plus t 2 x 2 plus t n x n into f x 1 f x 2 f x n. That means the joint density function of x 1 x 2 x n joint p d f is the product of individual p d f's. So, this is what we are concluding we can immediately conclude from here right because the m g f's uniquely characterize your p d f's. So, therefore just using that fact I can conclude that the joint p d f is this and therefore x 1 x 2 x n are independent random variables. So, a neat proof of the fact that if you can write the joint moment generating function as a product of individual this thing then it implies that the random variables are independent and if they are independent then you can also write the joint m g f as the product of individual m g f's. So, we have been using some of these results, but now I have sort of given you a theoretical I supported it by theory. See in this example I am just trying to demonstrate the use of you know joint m g f's. So, even though you know x and y are independent random normal random variables each with mean mu and variance sigma square. So, if you start with that then we have already shown that you know by using the method of transformation that x plus y and x minus y are also independent random variables and in fact they are normal random variables. But now I want to use the method of m g f to show that x plus y and x minus y are independent and then of course once we have shown once we obtain the individual m g f's then as I have been saying that once you know the m g f you can also determine the distribution function or the density function of the random variable. So, we will do that. So, just as an illustration of what we have just discussed I want to go through this example. So, since x and y are independent and they are normal independent random variables and they are both mu and sigma square. So, therefore, x plus y will be normal 2 mu and then variance will be get added because they are independent. So, 2 sigma square and for x minus y the mean will be 0 and the variance will be again 2 sigma square. So, therefore, if you want to write m g f of x plus y because it is normal with mean 2 mu and variance 2 sigma square. Therefore, it will be e raise to 2 mu s plus half into 2 sigma square s square. This is and similarly, m g f of x minus y will be because the mu is 0 the mean of this is 0. So, it will be e half into 2 sigma square into t square this is simply t square. Now, by our formula we will write the joint m g f of x plus y and x minus y. So, this will be expectation of e raise to s times x plus y plus t times x minus y for s and t real numbers s and t belonging to r which I can write. So, why am I rewriting this? So, now I collect the x terms and the y terms. So, this is s plus t is the coefficient of x and s minus t is the coefficient of y. So, this is what you have. Now, we will use the independence of x and y because this is simply some s plus t times x which can be your t 1 and s minus t which can be your t 2. So, this is e raise to t 1 x plus t 2 y, but x and y are independent random variables. So, therefore, I can decompose this m g f into the individual m g f. So, this will become expectation of e raise to s plus t into x into expectation of e raise to s minus t y. So, now I can use the independence of x and y because this is written as this way. So, s plus t can be treated as another real number and s minus t can be treated as a different real number. And so because of independence of x and y, I can decompose into this. Now, let me write the m g f of because x is again normal with mean sigma and variance sigma square and this also is mean mu and sigma is the variance. So, therefore, when I write the m g f s plus t e raise to s plus t into mu plus half s plus t whole square sigma square and the other one will be e raise to s minus t mu plus half s minus t whole square into sigma square. And then see we just rearrange the term simplify the expression. So, s plus t into mu and s minus t into mu will become 2 s mu and here the product terms will cancel out the 2 s t here and the minus 2 s t will cancel out and it will be e raise to half into 2 sigma square s square plus t square. So, now again I collect the s terms. So, this is e raise to 2 s mu plus half into 2 sigma square s square and this is e half 2 sigma square t square and this is what exactly see this is the m g f of x plus y because this is and that is what I am saying. So, this is m g f of x plus y because this is 2 mu and 2 sigma square and you know we can also say that these are x plus y is normally distributed with mean 2 mu and 2 sigma square and this is the m g f of x minus y. So, there you see that mu is 0 and the variance is 2 sigma square. And so, since I have from the theorem that I had just stated and proved to you this says that if your joint m g f can be written as a product of the individual m g f then the variables must be must be independent. So, we conclude that x plus y and x minus y are independent and also we can conclude that x plus y is normal 2 mu 2 sigma square and x minus y x minus y is normal 0 2 sigma square. So, you know with a series through a series of examples I will try to revisit the results which we have already I will try to revisit the results which we have already you know obtained other way by you know especially I will apply this concept of joint m g f to sums of random variables. And then try to show you that sometimes this method is easier and can get the results faster. So, it depends on the situation and of course, a lot of experience, but so this is also another important tool and I thought that in this course we must define this and you know give you the results. So, that you can sometimes when other methods do not work this will come to be proved to be quite handy.


Why do natural disasters strike with such devastating impacts on our cities? Is it only because storms are stronger, floodwaves are higher or droughts are longer? Are we increasingly facing too much or too little water? Possibly. So how do we embed climate-resilient and designed principles when rebuilding disaster-struck urban areas? This dedicated course aimed at professionals in the fields of DRR, urban planning and management and urban climate change adaptation focuses on clearing the gap between disaster-risk response and resilient planning. The course is a first course in a new collaboration between IHC Delft and the Institute for Water Education and the HEAD Foundation in Singapore. Welcome to Water Resilient Recovery.


Mae'r meddwl y Prosesu'r Gweithio Meir Gweithio'r Gweithio'r Gradwyr. O'r gweithio, rwy'n gofodd i'n gweithio, ymddangos i chi'n gwneud rysun yn gyfarras y sylweddau cychwyn ac rwy'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'r gweithio'r cyffredin honol. Fel ceirant, cairau a'r ffaith, ychydig iawn o'r cyffredinol, rydych chi'n gweithio'r ddechrau, cyfraitha, cyfraitha ac yw'r cyffredinol, ac o amserol a'r cyfnodd mewn gweinod o'r blaenon haf ymlaen, rydyn ni ddim yn ddigon. Byddwn i'n angen i gyfnodd ar gyfer gyda'r gweithio, rydyn ni'n bwysig ar gyfer gyda'r gyfer gyfer gyfer gyfer gyfer gyfnodd mewn cyfnodd mewn cyfnodd mewn cyfnodd mewn cyfnodd. Mae'r gwahodd mewn i'r 16 o 17 oed yn gyfnodd yn gyfnodd, rydyn ni'n gweithio ar gyfer y lle hwn i gael yma, Mae'r symud sy'n ychydig i ddweud o gwahoddiad eu ddeudydd yn ddeudydd yn y cyfnod o'i ddweud o organisio'r gymbu ac nesbeth yw'r tyg o'r ymgyrchu sy'n ddweud cyfnod sy'n gyfrigol sydd yn gydyma yn ymgolol emergingnol yn effaith am gydur Dweud o yr scribiau a ymgyrchydd yr argyrchu yn y cyfnod o'r tych Maen nhw'n gyletwch chi'n gwneud this yn eistedd hon i'ch gw��ddio'r lle fyddwyd. a five years later four years as a student and one year as co-president of the Students Union, I'm blessed enough to give you this vote of thanks today. SOAS began its centenary celebrations this year and what began as a colonial institution has, of course, changed and evolved over time. It's slogan Knowledge is Power has evolved too. It's the university which decides what is considered real or legitimate knowledge. As we leave the university, this will apply to most of the things we do in life. Publishing firms decide who deserves to be published, media outlets deem what is worthy of news and what is not, and some of us, as I have begun to do, are applying for graduate schemes, painstakingly constructing our cover letters and CVs for powerful firms to decide whether we deserve to be hired or not. Power is one of those unavoidable realities of the world. Some of us are lucky enough to access it, some of us less so, and we are never going to live in a world without it. History and world events this year particularly have shown us what misplaced power or power in the wrong hands has done and is doing. But one of the things I've learnt during my time at SOAS is how beautiful it is when power is challenged or redistributed. Whether it's seeing the cleaners challenging management to be treated as equal members of the SOAS community or students starting the discussion on what the process of decolonising an institution would look like. From SOAS students mobilising to join the marchers to shut down immigration detention centres like Yellswoods to students mobilising to provide food aid and other essentials to refugees in Calais. These moments make me proud to have been a part of SOAS. It is in these moments where I feel I have learnt the most. I'll never forget the hour-long conversations in the JCR or the corridors of SOAS, which for me were as valuable as the lectures or tutorials. This might be because I'd missed these lectures because I was having these hour-long conversations somewhere else, but still the point still stands. Learning takes place in many different ways. We go through processes of education throughout our time here, informal and formal, both in class and outside. Whether it's at the bus stop, talking with a stranger, or stumbling upon a book in the SOAS library, which wasn't on our curriculums. Knowledge and, more importantly, wisdom can come from the most unexpected sources. Sometimes these sources aren't considered legitimate by society, but are worth their weight in what they give us. In one of the student union lectures we put on this year, internationally acclaimed writer Teju Cole told us that his grandma knew more than most of his college professors. Teju explained that his grandma's lived experiences, underlined by her race and class, informed her education in different ways. So we might not be qualified enough to society standards to challenge power, but that should not stop us from speaking truth to it. Despite entering an insecure world, the phrase knowledge is power, which usually alludes to domination and subjugation, so power us moving forward. We make our mark on the world, not like the colonists of 100 years ago who left the institution, but today to absorb, listen, learn, and centre the voices who weren't lucky enough to be in the room with us today. Thank you for listening and congratulations.


Hey, Brian, happy holidays. How important was the SOTO move to the future of this franchise in your mind? Well, as you know, the future is always now. So 24 is our focus and trying to become that last team standing once again. As we've done in years gone by, that's the focus. So, you know, that's really, that's what the Yankees are all about is, obviously, what's the best position us for 24 and how best generally business for our very next season. Thank you. Mary Phillips, please unmute. Hey, Brian, I'm just curious if there's been any indication that SOTO and Scott Boris would be willing to talk about an extension before he hits your agency. I know that's typically not what Boris clients do, but I haven't had any conversations regarding that. So we understand that he's a present at the end of this term. And, but, you know, we understand that it's a possible short-term situation. And I know he's just going to make our team significantly better, but it's not going to be just him. We got to continue working at what else we can add to this roster. And then it also seemed like, you know, just through reports yesterday that there seemed to be some delays with medicals or other holdups in the deals or anything that the Padres took issue with or raised red flags about yesterday. No, I just think teams need to be thorough. They had more players going back their way. And at the same time, I think AJ's a very busy man. He's got a lot of balls in the air in one case, but he was also at the same time, you know, presenting a Scout of the Year award. So like there's, when you have your doctors or trainers and their availability, and then you have to match up with your availability, just trying to kind of delays the process a little bit. So, no, everything was all good.  Gotcha, thanks. Brendan, Cuddy, go ahead. Cash, thanks for taking the time. Two questions. First, how intentionally will you guys be, trying to recruit Juan and then hope that he stays with you guys for a long term? Well, you know, ultimately, we want to, the culture we have with the Yankees that we project constantly is our intent to win. You know, we're here, we're in it to win it. So that's messaging that's constantly being reinforced. And we also want to protect and serve our players, put them in the best position to succeed, provide every opportunity or interest that they would have at their disposal so they can be successful.  And then past that, you know, you know, we're not going to trick anybody, we're not going to be something we're not.  So I think that's a recruiting beacon for anybody. I know the question specifically about Juan Soto, but I think they're, you know, we certainly want to try always to, you know, under the Steinbrenner leadership to make this, you know, the Mecca of baseball and also to make this, you know, an amazing and enjoyable experience for players and their families alike. So if we take care of stuff like that, that recruiting effort, you know, becomes somewhat automatic, but hey, it's, there's 29 other teams with tremendous opportunities in cities out there and people in their own right and operations that they run. So that's why, you know, it's always a competition. And to whatever extent you're able to, could you give us the blow-by-blow on how this came together? It's, you know, pretty historic type of trade. I mean, I had a lot of conversations at the trade deadline, actually with AJ Preller on Soto and we're not talking about Verdugo with this, but I had trade deadline conversations with Boston on Verdugo and so in both players' cases, whether it's going back to Washington or San Diego or Boston with all these players involved, we've had these efforts for the first attempts to acquire these players. But yeah, right out of the gate, you know, it started Omar Manaya who used to work with AJ Preller and I met with AJ out in Scottsdale to make sure that AJ knew how serious we were. You know, we were very vocal and public that we're looking for not just one left-handed outfield bat, but two was especially with the Jason Dominguez injury. And so therefore we're trying to find that in a marketplace that was limited. And so we knew it would be a challenge regardless, but, you know, we attacked this winner like every other winner or trade deadline in season. You know, we put our best foot forward to see if we can pull down something that's of interest to us. And so we've had a lot of conversations, you know, and I think both teams in the end got exactly what they would be looking for. It hurt a lot on our end to give up some real pieces, but you have to give the game as you all know. And so we, you know, we certainly important one of the best hitters of the game has today and also, you know, don't sleep on Grisham.  We believe championship caliber piece as well that adds to our mix and gives our manager and Boone a lot more choices than he had before this move. Thank you. Next to Eric Boland. Brian, you kind of stated a little bit getting one of the best hitters in the game, but just, and it sounds, it's an obvious answer, but it sounds better coming out of your mouth. How much better does Soto make your offense? Significantly better, obviously, no doubt about it.  You know, you don't want to judge it as Soto. And, you know, I know that we saw that, you know, iteration put together a little bit recently in the last few years in Anaheim with Trout and Otani. But it's hard to run out multiple eighths in any, you know, category, you know, whether it's outfield, infield, or even on your 25, 26 man roster. So it's significantly upgrades us without a doubt. And the great thing about the crazy eighths is that one's right-handed, one's left-handed.  But as a team sport, we got to have us to have, you know, a lot of other people pulling on the rope at the same time in the right direction. So we still have more work to do and we know that, but we are really excited by what those, you know, what this acquisition, you know, can do for both balance and impact. And, you know, certainly excited by the opportunity to bring in here.  I think George Steinbrenner always felt that, you know, the best players in the world should play here for the New York Yankees. And I think that was always what he tried to accomplish and had a lot of success along the way, not always being able to pull them off, but constantly trying to do that. And obviously Hal Steinbrenner and Jenny and Jessica have continued those efforts. And so, you know, Juan Soto is the latest example of that, of their efforts to try to bring the greatest, most talented baseball players the world can provide to play and call home here in the Bronx, New York, for our fan base. And so we're excited by, you know, the opportunities, you know, this provides for us as we move into the 24 season. And, you know, we're hopeful that his impact, along with his teammates, can provide some great baseball that plays deep into October for our fans. And then Brian, who is your everyday center fielder for at least the first couple of months of season or whenever a Dominguez comes back? Well, we'll see how the season plays out, but if today was opening day, you know, the judge would be out in center field, you know, so by the current alignment that we have. And he's exceptional at that. And so, yeah, we had a lot of conversations with that scenario, but I think, you know, we're better protected, you know, in a lot of different ways, whether you're facing a right-hander one day versus a left-hander another, versus the grind of a season that plays out or injuries that obviously unfortunately occur along the way. I think that we have a lot more choices today to navigate your lineup decisions for the manager and the coaches downstairs than we would if we hadn't pulled off these more recent acquisitions of Redugo, Grisham, and so do. And Jack Curry. Brian, when you make a deal of this magnitude, I'm sure there are some highs and lows across the last 72 or even more hours. What was the toughest part of making this Soto trade come to fruition? Obviously, getting to a yes, getting something that we could live with versus at the same time, something they could live with. You know, so first, you know, AJ is the amazing negotiator. You know, he's one of the game's best trade, you know, architects as we've seen by the body of his work over the course of time. And so I know that he's forced to reconfigure his team in a championship caliber mode. And so, you know, he certainly, you know, has now put himself in a better position while he reconfigures to do a lot of different other things to make sure his team is a good spot entering the 24 season. But the conversations were, you know, were many. There's a lot of twists and turns in it.  You know, it's a lot of money that he has on a one year basis coming in arbitration plus give up talent. But it feels neat.  We were always trying to tackle errors in need, but whether they're able to be accessible or, you know, or line up with matches, that's the more difficult situation. And there clearly was a match to be made here if we were willing to, you know, go all in. And thankfully, you know, the Steinbrenner DNA has always been there about being willing to go all in.  In the more recent conversation, also with Boston, we were able to match up, even though there were so many conversations prior that we've had with Boston the last two years on Purdue Go, and that wasn't the case, but we were able to both find something we could live with this time around. And we didn't blink there. And I think we're a better team for it right now. And I know he's only been a Yankee for a day. And I know you said your goal is to make the Bronx the mecca of baseball. I also know Scott Boris's history, but how invested do you anticipate being this season to keep Soto beyond 2024? Right now, we're focused on the here and now. I know there's gotta be, obviously, those type of conversations, you know, for any player, whether you're a young player on the roster, looking for, you know, a long-term extension or a player that's on an expiring contract for Dubo's on an expiring contract, obviously Soto's on an expiring contract. We've got Garrett Coles. I think I've got a situation as contract towards the end where, you know, I think there's an opt out where you could put an extra year on. There's so many of these variables are in play. And that, you know, clearly we're, it's always fluid. You're always taking everything under advisement, staying connected with ownership. And we're just very proud of the fact that we can call him a Yankee at this time. And with the full intentions of, again, taking a shot at his title. And that navigating the American League East and the American League that obviously posed the world defending world chance in the Texas Rangers, you know, it's a challenge. No doubt about it, but we want to be up for that challenge. So obviously, importing great players to add to the ones you already have is, you know, certainly gonna be helping in that process. There's a bunch of hands up, just for all those with the hands up, I'm gravitating towards those media members who cover us on a regular basis. So I'm not purposely overlooking you, just know that the limited time that we have with cash, I am gonna focus on on the media contingent that covers us regularly. Chris Kirschner, please unmute. Hey, Cash, given the amount of pitching depth that you've lost in the past few days, do you now look at that as your biggest need moving forward this off season? Yes. And then have you been given any assurances by how that payroll can be higher than last season if need be? I wouldn't comment on payroll, you know, but, you know, other than to restate that the time our family's constantly committed and pouring back into this franchise with the intent and effort to have a world championship, banner flying again here in the Bronx, that's always there. So, but pitching is definitely an area of focus without a doubt. It was before these deals, but clearly, you know, your point being since we lost, we off-boarded pitching to make these deals. On-boarding pitching is gonna be important, no doubt about it. Ron Blum, please unmute. And thank you for having video. Even though I don't have video today, I'm being punished. Cash, given the righty lefty splits of Verdugo and Grisham, do you see their time in the batting order, if not positionally, as some sort of platoon? My initial thought on Verdugo was, Verdugo is known. And in Grisham's case, you know, obviously, I think he's gonna be a weapon to be used as needed. And, but ultimately, Aaron Boone's gonna make those calls.  And so Boone's gonna have a lot of good decisions to make. And that's a good thing. So, yeah, I would have to defer mostly to Aaron on that, regardless. And also, as you went through the trade talks, was it important from your side to keep Volpi and Dominguez out of any possible trades? Yes, yeah, we value them a great deal, and understandably so. And I think the industry recognizes that, but it didn't stop them from asking regardless. Yeah, that's all part of the process, too. Thank you. Yeah, there looks like you've moved to Nashville. Go ahead and unmute Pete. Right, I'm here for the long term. Brian, just following up on Chris's question, would you say you're in the market for more than one starter right now? We're in the market for pitching. You know, see if we can reinforce it. We like the pitching we have, but, you know, we also recognize that the, you know, if we can add to it, you know, it's important to do. But why the rotation, Volpi and Combo, all of the above from an insurance standpoint or something established that you can plug and play with, you know, we're going to continue conversations in that arena. We've been having those regardless of these deals, and those will continue. Who next to Dave Lennon? Hey, Cash, you mentioned that you had been kind of on SOTO to varying degrees since last year's deadline. Was there a point where you guys were kind of like he fits everything that we need and this has to happen? Was it after the meetings you had in October in Tampa when you talked to Perler and Scottsdale? Was there kind of that moment where you guys just had to decide that it was that you had to have SOTO? No, it was never that. It's more like, can you get to a point where you have the opportunity to get SOTO? We had a lot of conversations at the deadline and they chose not to move them, but they shared a lot of information at that time with us about players of interest that was a precursor to building what eventually has taken place now. So even though we were unable to acquire SOTO at the deadline, you know, the healthy dialogue that we were having with A.J. Preller gave us a roadmap to kind of pick up where we left off starting in Scottsdale. So I think, and speaking for any team, everybody would want a SOTO. It's just, can you actually put yourself in a position to like, wow, this is actually something that can happen? And it was clear by momentum of these conversations. There was, we had a good sit down in Scottsdale and, you know, then I think things got interrupted and understandably so. I think, you know, the Yankees condolences to the death of Peter Seidler, so the amazing owner of the San Diego Padres, obviously, with his passing, you know, certainly was a tragic event. And then the manager interviews that the Padres are going through when they lost Bob Mill, and I think that all those combinations of things kind of put everything understandably on hold. And then maybe a week before these meetings started, it started to pick back up and what the definition is of what plot, what course they're going to plot and what their needs were going to be after things settled down. And, but again, I think it was a springboard from conversations we had all summer because they weren't sure if they were going to stay in it and try to finish off and tweak into the playoffs or do they cut their losses and live to find another day? We were facing the same scenario we were trying to add.  And so they ultimately wanted to be holding on to Soto and determining whether they're going to move in the winter or not. Now they have. Great. Thanks, Cash. Max Goodman. Hey, Brian, talking about the players that you traded away between the Soto and Verdugo trades and the existing depth that you still have. What does all of this say about the Yankees pitching department? I think our pitching department or player development department, I know I think they do a great job. I think we have really good people. We have, you know, scouting directors with their scouts on the amateur side and international and domestic doing an amazing job of onboarding talent. And then, and then the player development system that Kevin Rees runs with his various coaching staffs. I think, yeah, they do an exceptional job. And they're in the most important key to all of that is making sure that everybody's in alignment because, you know, the connectivity between amateur scouting and development, knowing what can be developed, what can be enhanced, what can be improved upon versus knowing to stay away from what can't. I think those are all, you know, areas that we have significantly improved on in the last, you know, maybe six years. And so, you know, situations like this and then, unfortunately, to roll a five where we got slammed are just more, you know, reinforcements or examples of we got people doing good work in a lot of categories for us and it allows us to, at times, line up. And we're always trying to line up, but trying to line up is difficult regardless whether you have a lot of players or not. But it's certainly easier to do if you have a lot of players to do it with. Thank you. We're going to take a couple more that'll get us to about a half hour with cash. Jake Mintz, please unmute. Hi, Cash. Thanks for the time. I'm just curious, is there any concern about Aaron Judge in center field given that he's coming off a significant lower body injury? I think we think he's fine. We think he's resolved. We think that issue's behind him. And obviously, if it wasn't, we wouldn't have been playing the way he was in the second half even when we started to fade. So we think that's a resolved issue. And now, obviously, with the winner on top of finishing strong of rest, that it's not an issue. So I know Boone has already talked to Judgey prior to this. I know he's excited. And hey, that might mean center field's in play for you. And we'll see how the rest of the winner plays out. A lot of things could always happen, but as of right now, I think if open day was hit today, he would certainly be running out there in center, which I know he loves. I think if you put true serum in him, that's what he'd want to do regardless. But he's exceptional in all categories in that area. So we'll see. I'm not currently worried about him health-wise. But that's the opportunity it provides when you have a lot of depth that if we do have injuries that hit our roster, depending on who it is, no matter who it is, we're better positioned now than we were maybe 48 hours ago. The last one from Gary. Just for planning purposes, everybody, I don't have any further zooms this week scheduled or planned. Obviously, we'll keep you abreast of any availabilities that might take place next week. But I don't know where we stand for next week, as of right now. Gary, go ahead. A cash two for you, actually. First one might be a little obvious, but after adding three outfielders, you consider your outfield set at this point? I think so. Again, I'm open-minded, constantly willing to, if somebody has an idea that somehow improves our roster that currently is, as it currently is constituted, and they want to knock on the door regarding something I already have, but I'm extremely comfortable with. We're willing to listen. But yeah, I'm not trying to do anything in that area at this stage. I feel like it's kind of set up.


Hello, oscillator sync here. To call the dig attack a drum machine feels like an extreme oversimplification, almost to the point of nullifying what makes it such a wonderful instrument in my eyes. But stripping everything away, that is what it is at the core of its DNA. You put a trig on a step and as a sequencer gets to that step it plays a sound like almost every step-based drum machine under the sun. That being said, I've really been enjoying a technique recently that intentionally avoids the idea of playing a sound on a step, but rather manipulating an ongoing sonic event. Although there are many ways that you could make use of this idea, I potentially rather predictably really love it for establishing evolving ambient textures from loops. So in this video I'll demonstrate the idea from that perspective in the hope that it'll spark some inspiration for you to draw from and run with. So for this technique I'm going to make use of some piano loops just because I'm into piano loops at the moment for some reason. So here on step one I've got a piano loop. Now at the moment it's not looping and there's two reasons it's not looping. The first is that it's not set to loop in the source page. So we want to make sure that the play mode is one of the looping modes. I have to say it's maybe a little bit cliche but I do rather like backwards piano. So that's what I'm going to go with here. Now at the moment when we play that sound it's beholden to the amplitude envelope which by default if we're starting with the initialised patch it's going to have a release on it which as you can hear when I let go it's going to fade it out. To fix that if you want our loop to play in depth indefinitely all we need to do is up the decay time to infinite and that means now when I touch this step it's going to loop forever and ever and ever and ever unless I adjust the decay time or double tap stop actually. But we don't need the sequence to be playing for this sound to be looping forever and ever and ever. Okay so I'm kind of borrowing a vibe from the Montreal assembly count to five pedal. If you're not familiar with that pedal go and look up some demos. Nobs almost definitely has one I don't know for definite but it's definitely a sort of pedal that Nob's already done a video for. Go and watch their video if that's the case. And what that pedal does is it kind of takes a sound and it kind of plays it back a delayed version of that sound at different speeds reverse forward and so on. I'm going to kind of steal that vibe a little bit. So what I'm going to do is I'm going to go into the sequencer. Now as I said at the start of the video I don't want any of these steps to actually play this sample. If we put down normal steps every time we get to one of those steps it's going to restart the sample essentially. We don't actually want that we just want the sample to be playing constantly. So instead what we can do is make use of what I think are now officially called locked trigs or I know them as trigless trigs. Anyway the trigs in the sequencer which will allow us to do all of the parameter locking that we like on our electron gear but without actually playing the sample. To lay down one of those all you need to do is lay down a step while holding the funk button like so. Now when we hit that step nothing happens the sample isn't restarting but all of our parameter locking stuff will still work and it will apply to the sound as it's currently playing. So what we can do for example is we can come into our sample page here and we can set this to go at half speed by going down to 12 here and our tune and when it hits that step it's going to switch to half speed. We might then want to have another trig laid down here where it goes back to normal speed and you can hear that it's not restarting the sample it's just wherever we are in the sample currently it's going to alter the behavior. Perhaps we want one here that goes up a perfect fifth so seven and then maybe back down to an octave down. Oh that's not a dubious trig. Then maybe one towards the end here where it goes back to normal play speed. And we're starting to get this texture which is evolving it's evolving rather too fast for my liking so what we'll do is we'll come into the page menu here we'll set it to per track so that we can have stuff running at different speeds and different lengths and we'll drop our scale down maybe down to an eighth there and while we're here we'll just put our master note to it as well. Now other things we might want to do from this perspective is we may want to implement a trig where we switch the play mode to forwards looping. Again that should be a trig one. Maybe back to reverse here. Again actually remember to do trigless loops here. Maybe one going to forwards there back to reverse maybe make sure that we're always on reverse by the start here and now we've laid down a lot of these instructions because they're not actually triggers. We can maybe make use of the global probability for this track so that these changes don't happen every time so things don't constantly loop and loop and loop. Now one thing that we can do here to make this a little bit more vibey I think is to a slightly reverb on it always but also I've got my delay set to very very long here and so if you put in some delay it's not going to sound like delay so much rather than some of the other ideas still going on so now we've got reversing forwards at the same time and vice versa and things start to sound rather pleasant I think. Now what I think is quite fun with this particular technique is if we pan this one off to the side and on track two I have the same sample again and we can start to apply the same things but pan the other side now with our and we can start to put down our tricks in the similar sort of vein here or do similar sort of ideas maybe some different tunings and we start to build up these clusters again we'll have this one move more slowly maybe change the number of steps so things don't overlap so much we can always bring that probability down as well and we can start to build up these sound clusters that I think are rather nice we can maybe do a little bit of panning maybe with our alofo nice slow alofo get the same with the other one maybe filter them a little bit to make a bit more lo-fi maybe you had some vinyl crackle which I just happened to have prepared here I love it where it flips back to being forwards in this track I've got samples as well maybe with this choir sample we can have octave jumps in there perhaps with filter movement and without ever actually playing a sample in the sequencer we can start to build up for the basis and bed or something else I hope that maybe sparks some ideas for you to go and try out with your dig attack I think I'm just gonna stop recording and just sit and listen to this for a little while so if you enjoyed the video like and subscribe and all that stuff otherwise until next time


It's Friday night Atlanta time to rise up tonight with Kelly Price and Harry Douglas presented by AT&T Atlanta We made it to 2022 well almost 24 hours from now. We'll be ringing in the new year, which is insane I'm Kelly price and filling in for Harry Douglas this week I'm really excited to welcome my girl Tori McElhaney of Atlanta Falcons calm welcome to rise up tonight Thank you. I'm really excited to be here. It's a very exciting time as the Falcons Of course prepare for the bills this weekend. They came away with their first win at Mercedes-Benz Stadium last Sunday They're now seven and two in one possession games That means executing at the right times calling the right plays and of course a little luck But as I like to say success is where luck meets opportunity This is a huge area of improvement from last season and a big step in the right direction under Arthur Smith's first year Right, you're exactly right because the Falcons were two and eight in 2020 in one possession games That's a huge difference from the seven and two records that they have right now So that in and of itself just kind of shows a culture change It shows the Arthur Smith and Terry fontanare leading this team in a different direction and the steps in the right direction A big reason they were able to come away with that double last Sunday a guy named boy Iluacan which broadcasters keep finding new pronunciations for somehow his Interception iced the game for the Falcons and it was an exclamation point on what's been a very good season for the NFL's Second leading tackler Tori You'd a great deep dive on how the Falcons kind of discovered this this diamond in the rough a sixth rounder in 2018 Draft out of Yale. What's gone into them finding him and having a great season? I love boy a story and I know I've loved his story from the get-go It's really interesting because just from talking to people when I was doing this story They were saying we didn't expect when we drafted boy in with the 200 pick in the 2018 draft for him to be what he is We thought we were getting a special teams player a guy with good character Maybe adding a little bit of depth. We did not think we were gonna get the number two leading tackler in 2021 I just think that's amazing when you think about the over arc of his entire story And that's exactly where they've ended up fast forward to this week The Falcons have had a number of players go on to the COVID Reservalist the good news is as you pointed out on Atlanta Falcons calm that the team is fully vaccinated And they may escape some of the strictest protocol consequences because of that How can they manage the COVID losses in Buffalo on Sunday? I think it's really important when we were talking to Arthur Smith this week. He was talking about how Essentially, he feels optimistic about where the Falcons are just because they are fully vaccinated They are kind of able to go through the protocols a lot easier So he feels optimistic that the Falcons are gonna get some guys back before they play the bills on Sunday And they're certainly gonna need that while the two ladies on the set love two things sports and playing dress-up If you can't tell what the New Year's Eve fits Let's check out some of the best Falcons fits from last Sunday Although the peach drop was canceled again to due to COVID-19 concerns Quadray Allison giving us some peachy vibes on Sunday with the sweater. I'm here for it even the peach Nike's on the bottom. I mean, that's a great look I honestly think that I need to incorporate more peach get-up in my own everyday Because I love it as a Georgia peach myself. I just feel the need to represent the state more and and Quadray is really killing it. I like it. He always does a good job with his outfits, too Now I know you're gonna like this as a Georgia gal, of course former dog Sean Williams looking sharp in the Letterman style jacket coordinating with the red and black Nike's I love the ripped jeans and the hoodie modernizing the look, but it's also got a scary game face on in this picture, too I love it and I'm glad that you brought up the dogs because honestly this jacket is amazing I gotta talk about how I need to add more peach. I need to add this jacket to my wardrobe, too Yeah, you gotta in contact him find out where he got that now for Keith Smith Who's always good for a fashion statement. It's not exactly my vibe But he definitely rocks with his own style, which I respect lots of headbands lots of denim for Keith Smith and this jean jacket I'm sure by some designer that's like above my tax bracket, but who am I to judge honestly? I love the whole denim on denim get-up. I'm a 90s baby I think we both are 90s babies. So the fact that the denim on denim look is coming back It just makes me feel better about the number of denim jackets that I have in my closet right now that it's coming back So I have an excuse to wear all this pull those out of the attic It's coming back. Finally a twinning moment. It doesn't appear to me these two linebackers coordinated their looks But I would have loved to see the reactions when they both walk into the locker room. They're wearing the same thing I think it's also a Christmas sweater. Oh my right. Yeah. No, I love it, too And it's so funny because you know that meme it's the spider-man meme where they're like pointing at I just imagine them walking into the locker room being like hey, man We're wearing the same thing. We're both wearing the same thing But then at the exact same time knowing Michael and knowing Boye Honestly wouldn't surprise me if they planned this that this was an executed thought that they had We love it. Well, 2022 is just 24 hours away now So y'all better start working on those New Year's resolutions At least some of the Falcons have figured theirs out as we found out when we asked them What their New Year's resolutions were this week and tonight's question of the week Not right now. I really not see. I really not see out here on camera. Maybe uh, just stay healthy, you know Play the whole season Don't get into this kind of thing. We'll probably read some more. I feel like I need to do some more reading So probably read some more. Yeah Good health always a good thing to resolve in the new year There's even some more guys that didn't want to divulge their New Year's resolutions It really makes you wonder what they're resolving over there in flowery branch as for me I think my New Year's resolution is to eat better the holidays kind of always put me in this weird Fonk where I'm just kind of like eating a lot of sweets eating not so great got to get back on that meal prep game What about you Tori? Okay, it sounds generic. It sounds basic But honestly, I need to get back in the gym during football season I do not take care of myself and I will own up to not taking care of myself So I've got to get back in the gym. It's more of a post season resolution than it is actually a New Year's resolution because we still have a few couple weeks here after the new year the Falcons are still playing So and we'll see what happens with the playoffs too. It's still a couple weeks there new year's resolutions So still to come still to come here on rise up tonight Atlanta's own master chef slash iron chef Justin Robertson stops by the show you want to miss that one It's one of my favorite interviews of dental season long. It's coming up later in the show ATL This is hand crack Let's rejoin my favorite co-host kelly and harry for more rise up tonight on your home for falcons football Fox five in land Well in the last couple games the falcons run game has seemed to disappear again Getting that jump started in buffalo is just as important as containing that guy on the other side josh allen falcons insider Dave archer explains more in his keys to the game Falcons head back out on the road this time they go to buffalo where they'll take on the bills And maybe some weather. Let's look at the keys to the game This falcon offense got some things going last week one of them was not the run game And that's where the key is here. This is a buffalo defense That's number one in the national football league But they struggled against the run giving up almost 120 yards a game in fact over the last four games They give it over 130 yards per game in their last four must get the run game going keep their offense on the sideline But move some clock score that way must take care of the football as well This is one of the best defenses in taking the football away They're number three in the league with 29 takeaways And they are number three in the league in interception So matt ryan going to be very guarded about where he throws the football Take care of the ball run the ball on offense on the other side of the ball I think it all comes down to the quarterback Josh allen is a guy that can hurt you both throwing it and running He's got over 600 yards rushing and four touchdowns You got to take away the impromptu play He has the ability to create and extend plays must keep him wrangled then make him throw the ball from the pocket He's dangerous enough from there But don't let him get out and extend plays and hurt you run him with the football There's your keys to the game and atlanta goes up and battles the weather potentially to get a w in buffalo Thanks archwell the atlanta falcons were still in the christmas spirit as one of their top dogs gave back Earlier this week more on that coming up later in the show plus. Hope you're not hungry We've got atlanta's chef j-rob in the nest is going to talk a lot of great things about food next up on rice tonight Rise up tonight is presented by AT&T And brought to you by george a lottery today could be today By home deeper how doers get more done by mesadies bends the best of nothing and by truas committed to a better future Welcome back to rise up tonight and it's time to hop into the nest with kelly harry and tonight's influencer Brought to you by mesadies bends Really excited to welcome in the nest a different kind of kind of guest than we've had before a chef chef j-rob From atlanta is here. You might know him from master chef Something we haven't really talked about on this show in this segment is atlanta's culture in the lens of food We talk about it in music and all these other ways, but food is also such a big part of atlanta's culture How do you describe it justin too? You know people who've never been to atlanta don't know about atlanta It's like the new food mecca honestly like food in atlanta there's so many different cultures so many different fridals of cuisine that you can indulge in and I'm trying to make a mark for myself right now So honestly if i'm not cooking, you know for myself, there's so many different options to just go out and just Get full So I have a two part question your favorite food to cook and your favorite food to eat So probably two different things, right? Yeah, it's two different things. So my favorite food to Cook I would say Is lamb you can never go wrong with cooking a nice rack of lamb.  It's so good and um my favorite food to cook Wait, was that I don't I do like lamb for both, but I love uh cooking uh Brisket you can't go just the process It's like nurturing a kid to me like I don't have any kids But I feel like you have to wake up every three hours to spritz it make sure that you know, it's slow and slow, so Brisket and lamb would be my top two So I was reading on your website you list nfl players as some of your clients as well What's it like working with that group of people versus just you know, kind of everyday people Yeah, so I honestly just from from i'm from obio alabama. So Uh really humble upbringing really wasn't around celebrity So coming to atlanta and being introduced to a whole celebrity market was just like wow Like who wouldn't have thought I've been cooking for this person, you know, and I just treat everybody the same I get careless if you have a million dollars or ten dollars as long as you're booking my services I'm giving my all to my energy to every single person but uh cooking for the people you see on tv or here on the radio or You know hosts, you know, you know miss universe and stuff like that. It's just crazy And just to be putting those rooms is really gratifying too But it's definitely a different scene for sure I don't know if you have any falcons as clients, but I do know you are a falcons band I want to talk about maybe some of your favorite memories watching this team Yeah, so honestly you're growing up, you know, again alabam doesn't have a football team the closest place was, you know the land of falcons and um, you know My aunt and uncle they were originally Moved out here a while ago and when they came from the hurricane And just coming to visit and you know, watch the falcons on tv It was just just an atmosphere like I've never witnessed and then now that I'm here You have the new stadium, you know I just really want to be a part of the falcons culture Like I would love to do like tailgates outside Like there's so many ways that I want to get involved So hopefully, you know, you see chef j-rock tailgating right outside the stadium soon Watching this team now who are some of your favorite players?  Um, you know, I want to see Matt Ryan step up a little bit You know, just being you know transparent Um You know, I'm really to be honest with you just fully transparent I haven't gotten much time to watch it this season just because I'm so busy But when I do get a chance to watch it, um, I want to say it's upsetting But I just definitely want to see the culture just turn around. We had such a great baseball season I'm a huge braves fan. So, um, I play baseball in high school. So that's primarily where my heart is But I definitely want to see the falcons really have a great season next season Your new year's eve plans do you have any and what do you kind of suggest for people who are Maybe thinking of hosting a new year's eve get together Yeah, so, um, I'm rocking and rolling. Um, masked up in I have, uh, five bookings right now. So It's going to be a busy day, but, um, getting it all in before midnight So I could spend, you know, the rest of time with my fiance Um, and really bringing the new year and reflect on our goals and, um, you know, we're getting married next year So it's really exciting and the things that we want to accomplish. So we're looking forward to it and everybody who's celebrating new year's eve Just be very aware of your surroundings. Um, you know, we're in a time where, you know, it's an adjustment to your environment So you just want to make sure that you take the proper precautions but also have fun, you know, uh, life is short And you always want to live it to the fullest and, uh, fulfill every moment Congratulations on your engagement. That's super exciting. It has something I look forward to in 2022 When you think of just like your average cook or even a celebrity chef or anything What is one thing that you wish every person knew about cooking for it to become a passion and for it to become something that they like to do I would say season light to dark World of a difference if you can see the season hit the protein or the vegetable, um, you know, that's why I always preach Light to dark light to dark. Um, I talk a lot about flavor profiles in my cookbook too where you can use different herbs and Fruits kind of elevate the flavors of a dish. So there's so many different ways that you can go about it But season them light to dark makes the world of a difference. That is so exciting Thank you so much for spending some time with us here on rise up tonight Anyone wants to see the full conversation and see more head to box five at lana.com and we'll be right back Thanks, Kelly Lana this is a crack talking and you watching rise up tonight presented by AT&T Hey crack here rise up tonight has been presented to you by AT&T Though the christmas rushes through the holiday season is still upon us and falcons president and ceo rich mckay Celebrated the giving season with a very merry mckay christmas as we rise up for Atlanta brought to you by truest mckay and his wife terry hosted 17 underprivileged football players from bannaker Chambley flowery branch and noon in high schools for sunday's game against detroit The boys enjoyed a game in a luxurious box suite and were surprised with falcons swag shoes gift cards and more Alongside freddy falcon they took in atlanta's first win at mercedes-benz stadium in 2021 which was a nice bow on top Speaking of christmas presents you may have seen the video earlier this week of matt ryan's son with the coach's head set He got for christmas, which was adorable. I had a chance to catch up with the quarterback about the ice cubes earlier this week Take a listen How was christmas? I saw there was a headset under the tree for one of your sons Yeah, uh It was a great christmas and a lot of fun to to be able to see it through your kids eyes Uh, and our guys had a really good time and yeah, the headset was was one of the big big presents for my son marshal He'd been talking about it non-stop. And so he's been wearing that thing around the house calling plays After the last four days, which has been a lot of fun. Did they both get one or just the one? No, no, they both got one, but my other son johnny could care less about he's Trained and some of the other things we have rolling around the house I wish I could get inside, you know, his head to kind of, you know, see what he's thinking, but He he definitely plays the part, you know, he walks around, you know with with his little chest pumped out and You know is he is feeling like he's the head coach, which is cool to see What's it likes as they kind of get older to share football with them in a more meaningful way Yeah, I mean, it's it's fun, you know, just, you know, listening to to them talk about the games when I come home from them or Just talking about who we're playing that week and, you know, they get fired up about beating the Buffalo Bills and Carolina Pan whatever it is, you know, they're they're fired up for each week and You know, so it's cool. It's cool to see that and then it's cool to see them, you know running around the house throwing the football catching the football having fun with it and Just, you know, it takes you back to when you fell in love with the game and To see it through their eyes is really special I absolutely live for sarah ryan's videos of ice cubes. They are fantastic Well, the falcons haven't still beat a good football team with a winning record and now they head to chili buffalo where Those are nine and six and coming off a win against the pass falcons have been great on the road But in their eight losses this season, they've been outscored 262 to 107 torii. How do they at least keep it close and competitive? I think it's really important to talk about the bills defense being the number one pass defense in the league right now That is a big test for this falcons offense And I think it goes back to what cordial paterson was talking to us about earlier in the week where he was talking about the Run game establishing itself early making sure that they are Pretty balanced offensively because that'll help out the pass game. It'll help out this offense Really moving forward down through four quarters because like what we said They haven't played a complete game yet and they've been close. They've had their moments But not a full four quarters and I think that's going to be Essentially the biggest key to this game I know I know arch talked a little bit about it But also that's just what needs to happen in order to beat a buffalo team that's playing pretty well right now Absolutely josh allen playing well as well a different kind of dual threat quarterback than they've kind of seen this season So we'll see how it goes on sunday. Thank you all for staying up late with us here on rise of tonight Shout out to Tori McElhaney for joining us. We'll see you next friday night. Happy new year


I know you've seen the title, but just hear me out for one second. You ever have a friend that just so deeply inspires you? I have one of those friends. His name is Jason. You might actually remember him from years ago. He was in a couple of my videos. He microwaved a candle, which is a real thing he did. Also sneezing himself awake is a real thing that he did. He's just violently himself. He unironically drinks for locos. He invented sask watching in PUBG. These guys are watching me.  Oh my god. He has broken me many times. It's all about that like, that like, those, those, those, those notes of plastic bag and cardboard. You know what I'm talking about? Notes of plastic bag? Dude, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, why did there, I'm a, what Nuthiast, wait, a wine dinosaur. Wine dinosaur. Jason, Jason. Oh no. Is it all right? I think you broke her. I think you broke her. Oh dude, I blacked out. Blacked out, dude? You blouted. Wait, wait, Jason, what? Recently, he brought me to new levels of inspiration. When he said this live on his Twitch stream, context unknown. Corn on the cob, but in the middle instead of the, the corn bone, it's a hot dog. Did I say that all right? Something about this sentence just really got me. First of all, I laughed for maybe 15 minutes straight. And then I was like, you know what, Jason? That's a great idea. I wanna make it for you. So that's what I'm gonna do today. I'm going to make corn on the cob, but instead of the corn bone, it's a hot dog. For my friend, Jason, who if you're looking for, by the way, he's a Twitch streamer, I'll leave his Twitch in the description. When I hear a sentence like that, I can't just not act on it. It just needs to exist. So here's my plan, because I've thought about many ways to do this. I'm gonna make a corn dog, or in our instance, a veggie hot dog. And it's good timing too, because it's almost 4th of July. And what America has in controversial and questionable past, we make up foreign culture in cuisine, like hot dogs. So what I'm gonna try and do is make a corn dog. Stay with me. And then individually put pieces of corn on it. Try and fry them so that they come out semi-looking like a cob of corn.  You can eat it like corn on the cob. Then it's corn on the cob. But instead of the corn bone, it's a hot dog for my friend, Jason, who deserves the very best in life.  And why would anyone do it? I don't even know if it's gonna work. There is no plan B. I don't know what else to do if this isn't pan out the way I want it to. Julian let me his Aries kitchen shirt, and I'm just gonna make corn on the cob. But instead of the corn bone, it's a hot dog. What do you think? I don't think it's gonna turn out good. I think it's gonna be bad. What if it does? The other thing that I thought about a lot was what kind of sauce would you eat with this, right?  Or would it be like an aioli, like you would eat with street corn? I think I'm gonna make like a Chipotle aioli to eat with our corn on the cob. But instead of the corn bone, it's a hot dog because I think that would be delicious. Poor aioli. I've never made corn dogs. I've never really had any reason to make corn dogs. So we're gonna whisk together a cup of cornmeal. Ew. Wait, how many hot dogs this is made? I feel like a cup of cornmeal, this is a lot. I didn't read this, huh? A cup of all-purpose flour. We have gluten-free flour so that Julian can enjoy my corn on the cob. But instead of the corn bone, it's a hot dog. I like this recipe because it rolls off the tongue. It really does. It's so easy to say.  Two tablespoons of granulated sugar. I don't understand that sentence. Like he already said cob. He already said corn on the cob. But instead of the corn bone, you already said cob. Two teaspoons of baking powder. Half a teaspoon of salt. So in this bowl to make vegan buttermilk, I added one cup of milk, alternative and a tablespoon of vinegar. And now we're just letting it chill. We have a tiny whisk. Thanks to Julian. Why did you buy this? Don't make one of my small wits. It's her sausage. So I'm gonna mix our wet ingredients with our dry ingredients. So here comes my egg, berry egg like. Exactly like an egg. Buttermilk, two tablespoons of gave. Two tablespoons of vegetable oil. Healthy. I love being plant-based. And then we have to let the corn dog batter rest, it says. You know, because it's been through a lot. Is this gonna work? This looks good. I'm gonna taste it. Oh. Oh, that's corn dog city. So I do have these sticks. They aren't corn dog sticks, but I don't want it to be a corn dog. I want it to be a corn on the cob. But I'm thinking of a way like how we can put the corn on it with, I don't know. You're just gonna have to find out.  It's disgusting. I love frozen corn. Ew. And that would take me fishing when I was little. And to catch carp, you use canned corn as bait. And I would eat all the bait and get in trouble. It's just so good.  Thank you. Which is just like a little bit of vegan mayo and then some spices like chili powder, cumin, cayenne, garlic powder, and then a little lime, but we don't have lime. Julian also did this for me. 10 out of 10. Are you supposed to measure that? Yeah. I'm measuring it. Can't you tell? We don't have any limes. He's literally an entire bag of lime. Throw it at me. I'm a food ninja. Babe, no. Ryan, if you could hurt his face doing that, learn your lesson. Yeah, but he did it with a watermelon. He had like a sword. Ooh, that's good. 10 out of 10, yum. I might need you to help me because I'm really not comfortable with hot oil. Oh, I am. It is not my forte. It scares me. I don't like it. I'm very comfortable with it. If you weren't around, I would never eat anything that was fried. That looks good. It looks like it's definitely thickened up a bit. Small kitchen berries, leave. Hot oil, leave. It's funny. That's not leaving. I'm just gonna do a little test dog. Oh, this is weird. Here's your corn dog. The ratio of stick to dog is really not great. All right, let's go. Oh, nice. Fun and yum. Wow, that was fun and easy. Oh, it's like mega-dripping off. Do you think this will work? Oh, it doesn't work. Oh, Julian. Oh. This is a graveyard.  Julian, what happened? Problem solved. What if you find for like a second, just get a little bit hard. And then roll them in the corn. Yeah, do that. Okay. Cause that ain't it cheap. Oh. That's good. Should I throw this one out? Yes is the answer to that question. Should I just like ignore that that's there? I think we've ruled out the possibility of being able to put these on there, like individually. This is great. This is fine, everything's fine. Don't. I'm just saying. Stop leaning on the gas like that. Lean on the gas.   So you're thinking like what, 10 seconds? I don't know. I've never made corn on the cob, but instead of the corn bone, it's a hot dog before. I'm scared of frying. You can do it. All right, three, four, three. Three, four, three, eight. Why don't I do the first one? Are you doing it? Yeah, this is easy. It's like, I think we should do it now. Okay, try. Go. It's not working. It's not working. Oh, yes, it's working. Just squeeze them on there. Eat myself. What have I done? There's gonna be corn floating in the deep fire. Oh, Julian. All right, here we go. Do it, buddy's got abomination. Yeah, it's done, it's done. It's like a corn dog, but the hills have eyes kind. I gotta wash my hands.  And then our first prototypes. Wow, this one got messed up. We're just putting the corn in the batter. I think that's the move, honestly. Oh, honey. It's only fun of it, I'm trying. For my friend, Jason. Jason, I made you a present. This isn't what I had envisioned at all. Does anyone envision this? Round number three. It's still gonna be like too heavy though, isn't it? Yeah, see, look, there's like an absence of corn. Ready? It's all just like flying off everywhere. What's wrong with me? I mean, that looks more like a corn dog, but it definitely doesn't look like corn on the cob. That's like our best one yet, but it's not corn on the cob. I wanna eat the abomination. It's actually so good. Is it? Yeah. That's really good. It's so good. I just made corn dogs with random pieces of corn in it. It's not really what I wanted. Can I try this one? Mm-hmm, it's so good. Okay. But it's mostly because it's a corn dog. Why don't I try one real quick? Okay. That didn't work at all. Think of things to adhere the corn to the hot dog, but they're not edible. What if I embed the corn onto the hot dog? I think it's gonna just like adhere on it. Yeah. Come on. It's disgusting. It's for my friend, Jason. Is that good? I think not. It looks like a poop. Come on, corn. It's thick. Really squeeze it on there. I'm trying, but it's hot. Okay. It's gonna work. We've been testing corn dogs, but to truly make this corn on the cob, but instead of the corn bone, it's hot dog. We don't have a stick. You serve it like this.  With a little sauce like this.  Ladies and gentlemen, I present to you corn on the cob, but instead of the corn bone, because I already know it tastes good, but I'm really proud of how much corn I was able to get in there. I will say it is far more flexible than corn on the cob, but I mean, that's what you're asking for when instead of the corn bone, it's a hot dog. Okay, it's really good. It's so good. It's so weird.  It hits different. It hits different. It hits worse that way. It hits so much worse like that. It hits different. Now it just tastes like I'm eating a hot dog sideways. It is so raw. I don't even taste the corn. I just feel weird. Oh my God. It's not right. This is not right. As for a good friend, he deserved to have someone at least try and make it. Is it wrong? Yeah. Shouldn't it be banished forever? Yes. I guess I challenge anyone. It's actually like a good chef or knows what they're doing. If you could make corn on the cob, but instead of the corn bone, it's the hot dog. And you want to upstage all of this? Please, that all means. I want to see if it's possible because this is where my intellectual capabilities end in terms of coming up with how this could possibly work.  If you eat it like corn on the cob, it's really bad. You know, when I hear something that inspirational, it just needs to be done. So, Jason, this is for you. I hope that you're happy with the outcome. I know I'm not. What have we learned here? Sometimes things are better left inside of our brain. Love you, Jason. I hope that you enjoyed this and that I made all your dreams come true.  Subscribe to my channel. I don't know why you would after this. But see you next time. Pigeon! Thank you. Corn on the cob, but instead of the corn bone, it's a hot dog.


Since the Minnesota miracle that secured the Vikings trip to the NFC championship last Sunday, one local couple put all their faith in the Vikings and purchased tickets for the Super Bowl. Karen Thompson, also known as Bubbles, purchased tickets for herself, her husband and a friend in Boston because she believes the Vikings will play the Patriots in Super Bowl 52. Karen shared her purple pride yesterday during the taping of Bemidji's city-wide Skoll chant. She says everyone should jump on the bandwagon because the Vikings are going to win the big game. I have been a diehard Viking fan. My mom taught me all about football and she was the football person in the family. And I have been a Viking fan for life. All you fair weather Viking fans, forget it. They're going all the way and they're going to the Super Bowl. For the Super Bowl, the Vikings will need to take down the Philadelphia Eagles this Sunday in the NFC championship. If you enjoyed this segment of Lakeland News, please consider making a tax-deductible contribution to Lakeland PBS.