What I want to do is talk a little bit more explicitly about the role of the entrepreneur in this process and then add some remarks about government policies, institutions, and background conditions that make it possible for the entrepreneur to do the kinds of things that are necessary to create economic growth. So I'll be sort of revisiting some of the points that were made in the first two lectures and putting them in a slightly different context. Now, I really liked Mark's metaphor of baking the cake. You know, I don't know that I have his culinary expertise to be able to make cream frosting and tortillas and all of those things out of just a few simple ingredients. My only disappointment is that he did not show us more pictures of cake because who doesn't want to see pictures of cake? So I'm going to show you another picture of a cake. Now, check out this baby. This is pretty fancy compared to the rather pedestrian items that Mark was showing us. We got, let's see, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight layers. And the frosting is pretty intricate. I don't know what's inside, but I imagine it's pretty special. And I'm going to want to take a guess at where this specific cake came from. Any cake enthusiasts in the crowd. I'm sure some of our online people know the Royal Wedding. That's exactly right. This is the cake from the wedding of Kate Middleton and Prince William. It's pretty fancy cake, as you can imagine.  Right. So of course, a cake like this doesn't just appear. It has to be created, whoops, created by somebody. In this case, this particular baker, her name is Fiona Cairns, and she produced the Royal Wedding cake. According to Fiona Cairns, she says, the whole cake was Kate's idea. She was she is a very creative person, and that's why it was so special. Kate apparently has some pretty strong ideas about cake. Kate Middleton gave Fiona Cairns a list of 17 different flowers that she hoped to see on the eight tiered cake, including Heather Lavender and something called Sweet Williams. Is that a flower as well as a lace sample from her wedding dress, which was incorporated into the cake's design? OK, now that is some pretty fancy production. Forget about fishing nets and rakes and tortillas. I mean, this is real production. Now, thinking about a cake like this and the person who created the cake helps us to understand that in a modern, complex, technologically advanced economy, producing goods and services for the future, creating capital goods that we can use to produce things for consumption can be pretty darn complicated. In other words, you know, there are probably lots of different cake designs that were considered. And once the baker and the princess agreed on what kind of a cake they wanted, there are probably many different ways you could make a cake like this. There are different combinations of ingredients.  There's metal or plastic, you know, supports inside. You can't just make this out of flour.  What designs did they use for that infrastructure? How are the different pieces layered on top of each other? How much time does it take? You know, which specific kind of flower and what kind of butter and which tools should one use to make the frosting and so on? In other words, just as we say, there are many different ways to make a mousetrap. There are lots and lots and lots of ways to make a super, super fancy cake. Now, how do you suppose Chef Cairns figured out how to do this? Do you think she just woke up one morning and said, gee, I want to be the baker for the royal wedding. I've never baked a cake before, but how hard can it be?  No, of course not. I mean, this is obviously an experienced pastry chef, probably with some connections, right, presumably with a reputation. This is someone who has tried many different kinds of cakes in the past. Probably some of them were not all that good, right? You don't get to be the kind of chef who can produce something like this without a lot of practice and probably a lot of failed experiments in the kitchen that never saw the light of day and a good reputation in the community and so forth. So Chef Cairns here is an entrepreneur who is assembling the different components that go into this particular good, assembling them with great care and after long experience and choosing many, many different possible recipes. Right.  Let's let's assume to make the story more interesting that this is not the royal wedding where you get on TV and in magazines and fame and fortune. But suppose this is just a commercial pastry chef making cakes for weddings. Why would a chef bake a cake and offer it to a bride and groom for their fancy wedding to make money? Yeah, I mean, the chef wants to produce something and sell it to the market. Wants to make money from selling the cake. Now, remember, as was pointed out by Danny, producing a cake takes time, especially a cake like this, it takes time. And there are risks or uncertainties involved. It may not turn out any good. The chef may spend many, many hours working on it. Of course, refraining from consuming herself during that period and the end result might not be that good. But the reason that a commercial chef will do this is because she or he anticipates that the revenues received from selling the cake, the fee that the bride and groom or I guess the bride's parents, if it's a traditional wedding, will pay, is going to more than compensate the chef for the cost of the ingredients, the money outlays for all of the ingredients, plus the value of the chef's time rent in the on the building in which the kitchen is located or whatever other expenses might be involved in making a cake. So producing something for the market and offering it for sale when the technology is rather complicated involves quite a lot of uncertainty. The entrepreneur invests, the entrepreneur has expenditures in the present. To buy factors of production that the entrepreneur will then combine and maybe recombine over time as the experiment is performed to produce a good or service which can be sold to the market, hopefully not with certainty, but hopefully in exchange for receipts that more than cover the expenditures plus the time interest and so forth. And that residual what's left over if you're successful, if the entrepreneurial venture turns out the way the entrepreneur anticipates is called profit. Right? Profit is the money that you have left over after you've produced and sold to the market. Would it be wrong somehow for this chef entrepreneur to have some money left over once the cake is baked? I don't think any of us would would see that as being wrong. Right? If the government were to say, no, you can't make any profit from cakes. You can give your cakes away as gifts, but we will not allow you to keep any money from the production and sale of cakes. We'll tax it all away at 100 percent. What do you suppose that would do to the incentives of commercial chefs? Is somebody going to put the time and effort into making something like this without any anticipation of return other than goodwill? Probably not. Some would as gifts, but most would not. OK. What if the government takes half of the net proceeds, the net receipts from baking cakes? Well, I mean, people would still make them, but there would be a reduced incentive to do so. OK. So let's talk about the role of the entrepreneur more specifically in this kind of process. Words like entrepreneur, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial are, you know, we use these words a lot. We hear them every day. People write about them. Lots of scholars and politicians and intellectuals and practitioners will say that entrepreneurship is important. We need entrepreneurship in the economy. Let's have more entrepreneurship. But what do they mean exactly? It turns out that in contemporary language, what most people mean by entrepreneurship is small business. An entrepreneur is a person who starts a small business or a person who owns a small business. So that's sort of the conventional way in which we use that term. I would characterize it this way in this conventional use. Entrepreneurship is sort of an outcome or a kind of phenomenon. It's something that you can see, something that you can observe, something that you can count. So if the city of Auburn, Alabama has a lot of small businesses and another city, say Tuscaloosa, Alabama, has very few small businesses, some people would say, well, Auburn is more entrepreneurial than Tuscaloosa. Or you might look at the percent of the workforce in a particular community or industry or society and say, how many people are self-employed? How many people own their own businesses, run their own businesses?  You know, sometimes if you're filling out a census form, it might ask, what is your occupation? Teacher, lawyer, doctor, truck driver, entrepreneur, accountant, athlete, what they mean by entrepreneur there is simply a small business owner. Yeah, small business is extremely important in the economy. Right? Small businesses create valuable goods and services. That we need to that we want to encourage. But of course, medium-sized and large businesses can do these things as well. But think for just a moment, especially you parents out there, I have a 16 year old. He wasn't able to make it this morning to the seminar. I think he said something about having to hear these lectures every day over the dinner table, but like most 16 year old boys, he eats a lot.   You need to go to the store and buy me something. And I'll often respond, look, I'm busy. Go look around, look in the cabinets, you know, you can find some different stuff, you can figure it out, be entrepreneurial about it, please. And what I mean when I say be entrepreneurial, I don't mean start a business today. Right. What I mean is go find, you know, there's bread in this cabinet and there's probably some peanut butter over here. And if you actually put some effort into it, you could make yourself a sandwich. So we often use that kind of language, right? And here we mean being entrepreneurial or engaging in entrepreneurship as kind of a mindset or a kind of behavior, right? A way of acting or a way of thinking like exercising creativity, boldness, imagination, showing initiative, right? There's some more technical concepts of entrepreneurship that one finds in the economics literature, such as alertness to opportunities for gain, a concept popularized by an Austrian economist named Israel Kersner. Innovation in the general sense of introducing novelty, new goods and services, new ways of producing, a theory developed by another economist, Joseph Schumpeter, or the notion of entrepreneurship expounded by the American economist Frank Knight and the Austrian economist Ludwig von Mises, after whom this institute is named and other less famous economists like like Peter Klein, describes entrepreneurship as decision making under uncertainty, specifically the kind of decision making that Danny talked about, as did Mark, the decision to make the net in anticipation of being able to catch more fish in the future where there's uncertainty involved. It may or may not work. It may or may not be successful. Mises says the term entrepreneur as used by economic theory means acting man seen exclusively from the aspect of the uncertainty inherent in every human action. So in the real world, we don't know for certain if our investments will pay off. Somebody has got to bear that uncertainty. Someone has got to exercise the initiative to arrange the factors of production in particular combinations to produce consumer goods that will be valuable. Sometimes it will succeed. Revenues will exceed costs with discounting, and the entrepreneur will reap a positive economic profit. Other times the entrepreneur will make a mistake. Consumers will not want to buy the finished product. The realized revenues will be lower than the initial outlays and the entrepreneur will earn a loss. So entrepreneurs are motivated to seek profits and avoid losses in the process of combining and recombining factors of production, capital goods, to produce consumer goods that make us all better off. You cannot have a capitalist market economy. You cannot have an advanced industrial economy without a class of entrepreneurs who are engaged in this kind of activity on a regular basis. Again, to quote from Mises, it is impossible to eliminate the entrepreneur from the picture of a market economy. To echo what Mark said, the various complementary factors of production, the butter, the eggs, the flour and so forth, cannot come together spontaneously. They need to be combined by the purpose of actions of men, efforts of men and women, aiming at certain ends and motivated by the urge to improve their state of satisfaction in eliminating the entrepreneur when eliminates the driving force of the whole market system. Now, what are some things that governments might do if not to eliminate the entrepreneur, at least to make it more difficult for the entrepreneur to do what the entrepreneur should do? Mark already talked a little bit about some different theories of economic growth, according to mainstream neoclassical economists, Keynesian economists and so on. But let me just jump to the conclusion, which is often associated with the economic study of institutions that things like property rights and the rule of law and so forth are essential for facilitating or enabling entrepreneurial activity. So let's take it for granted that good institutions like property rights, the rule of law, sound money and so forth, create the right climate in which entrepreneurs can try to earn profits and avoid losses. So once those good institutions are in place, does that mean an economy automatically grows? Well, let me show you an example of some what you might see as some potential entrepreneurial opportunities that have not yet been exploited. I don't know how well you can see these pictures. Anybody want to take a guess at where this picture was taken? It's not a sci-fi movie set. It's not this is not something created in Photoshop. It's not an alien landscape. Yeah, this is the burned out, dilapidated interior of a once famous theater in Detroit. So you guys know about Detroit, experiencing a number of economic problems. I saw this great slide show a couple of years ago, photographs of ruined buildings in Detroit. It looks like a third world country, doesn't it? Or it looks like an alien planet after some kind of cataclysm. Really beautiful, fancy buildings. That's the train station in Detroit. Here's an old hotel. Here's what was once a sort of a nightclub where Tommy Dorsey and other great jazz musicians and musicians played. Now, you might think, again, think about this from the point of view of an entrepreneur seeking to earn money. You might say, look at this beautiful structure. I mean, it needs a lot of work. But if you're the kind of person, you know, those TV shows, people who buy houses and flip them, you think somebody could flip this. Right. I could buy this pretty cheap. It's got beautiful stained glass and moldings. It's got a great history. It would cost some money to fix it up. But once I've fixed it up, I could sell this thing for a huge amount of money. Right. I could hold concerts here. We could have dinner parties here. I could make a killing purchasing this, presumably undervalued asset and transforming it into something of greater value. But. Nobody has done this. Why? This is Detroit. It's like a war zone in downtown Detroit. They say that construction crews can't operate without 24 hour armed guard because gangs will come and steal all the construction materials. If you succeeded in renovating this place, who would come to downtown Detroit to attend a concert or a fancy dinner? Right. So without the right institutional environment, the entrepreneur cannot convert undervalued assets into higher valued assets that generate benefits for consumers. OK. So to conclude, right? As Ludwig von Mises said, entrepreneurship as judgment, initiative, responsibility is the driving force of the market economy. This is not something that government can or should try to manipulate. What the government should do is provide property rights and free markets and then get out of the way and let entrepreneurs do what they do. I just want to make just a brief closing note about what governments have done, right? Some people think that if you think that entrepreneurship means small business or tech startups, then governments do sometimes try to micromanage these things through regular, through subsidies, tax policies. You know, everybody looks at Silicon Valley or you have a concentration of tech companies, lots of different industrial planners, state planners, government officials say, well, gosh, we want a Silicon Valley right here in Auburn, Alabama. How do we get one? What buttons do we push? What laws do we pass?  And of course, the answer is you can't create the Silicon Valley like that from the top down, it comes from the bottom up. There are lots of attempts to encourage small business through targeted programs and special subsidies and privileges. But the empirical evidence is pretty clear that these don't work very well, especially in the developing world. And of course, not everybody wants to own a small business, right? Some people are happy to be employees of another entrepreneur. OK, so as Mark said, don't try to be a central planner. Governments should not try to create clusters of innovation and entrepreneurship. What they should do is allow an environment where people can choose what they want to do and how they want to do it. That means market freedom, free capital markets, free labor markets, sound money like the gold standard, no stimulus, no bailouts, no subsidies, just private property, the rule of law and competition. Thank you very much.


Hey Joey, understanding you're responsible for one of the two runs tonight but just overall why do you think as a team you guys were unable to do any damage against the Orioles tonight? I don't know I think you know we had some opportunities to do that you know myself included the bases loaded I thought you know to break that open and we just didn't get it done I you know it was obviously you know tough it's kind of a tough day to hit rain a lot a little bit muddy and whatnot so it's just kind of one of those days that you know you're gonna have to grind through and you know but credit to their pitching they they threw well and got us out in big situations so like I said it's just it's just part of the game sometimes. Has the lack of consistency overall offensively been frustrating for this team? Um not I I don't know not frustrating but it's uh you know it's something that we we should be better at and we we can't be better at so um but you know like I said we just have to keep coming to the field every day and and keep working but you know I thought I thought we did a lot better playing them this time around than we did last time so um that's always a positive but you know obviously you want to come out with a win. Go next to Marley Rivera. Hey Joey just a couple of days ago we talked about the emotions you know the ups and downs for these really really close tight games how is it for you guys in that dugout when things like this happen when you're one strike away from a win and you end up losing an extra. Yeah yeah it's it's obviously like you said it's a roller coaster a little bit and um obviously one strike away it's you know there's excitement you're ready to to kind of to win that game and get into the clubhouse get on a flight and be happy about a sweep but um you know it's it's you know baseball reminds you that it's uh you got to finish the game sometimes and and that's just how it goes and uh so like I said it is it's it's emotional because obviously as players you know we're human but you know we're players but we're human we want to you know we want to win games really bad we know it's important so um but like I said we just got to keep pushing and and and look forward to tomorrow and try to win that game.


What are you laughing at dumbass?   I'm a refrigerator You can also Instagram 24G I had to block somebody for the first time on my patreon always fun, and if you're watching you know who you are Well, are they watching probably? Oh probably sadly That's just yeah, it is what it is isn't it somebody The other day and I don't We have a bunch of wonderful patrons But somebody mine are magnificent except this this one was recent was on for a few days and is just evidencing Mental instability that is not good for public forums. Yeah, but they Asked me to block them. It's like okay So so they could say that Corbin miles blocked me. Well, they were like I I tried to unsubscribe But the notifications keep coming up block me. Oh, okay.  Yes today We got a new teaser that dropped. Mmm, and it's by one Ranveer Singh. Who's that? He is the only reason this channel exists. That's true Hey, we should actually call our Ranveer reaction. Hey, hey think about it kids What was the first reaction we had to anything Indian? Golly boy. It was the golly boy So so you can thank him. Yeah, and who's tapped to? Who said these words? Here so, I mean we I mean we do about 15 reactions a week for Ranveer and Yes, it's because of I don't know who sends more if it's him or Karen Johar we should weigh it but the amount of cocaine we get we get a lot It's a lot so that's good. Anyways is new a teaser I think it's more of like a teaser for the trailer you're not seeing anything from the actual movie It's more of like they're teasing got a stuff with a bunch of different characters But it's for his new upcoming comedy circus Directed by Rohit Shetty who is excellent known for big over-the-top Entertainers, yeah, so you're not gonna get anything really. This isn't a high cinema artistry No, no, it's entertainment balls to the wall comedy as well comedy and entertainment I'm an understood rock and roll and in this it says this References a lot of famous characters famous dialogue from Rohit Shetty's comedy movies So things are awesome translation and it was subbed by Hamanchu one of our subbers Thank you so much because thank you for some reason t-series was like no, we don't need subtitles We're only the biggest fucking district. Anyways pisses me off the largest Production house in India just was like no, we don't need English subtitles What anyways, thank you Hamanchu But if anything's wrong with it attack him with visceral anger Which is so strange because so many Indians speak English, but they don't necessarily speak Hindi So it would make sense to just put an English subtitle at least for them. Yeah, very strange. Anyways, but here we go These are characters from prior films I He'll take you to the city in the 1960s.  I'll go, I'll go. Wait. Was that Johnny Lever? Oh, wow, was it really? Oh, am I? I have so many questions. Thank you so much, Hamanchu. Yeah, Hamanchu, thank you. So obviously it's setting up this world of obviously they're setting up for the 60s. So before technology. And there's clearly a twin element going on here. That's a huge thing in Indian cinema, just playing the double roles. It's been here a few times, but it's not like a normal thing. It is like if you're a big actor, you've had to have played a double role at some point in your career. Yeah, why? It's very interesting, because I could off the top of my head count on one hand double role characters from TV and film. It's not a common thing at all. Maybe it's just like, oh, you get double the star. Maybe that's what it is. So like, everybody goes for their stars, especially for. It's two, two, two stars in one. Yeah, so if like, VJ plays two different roles, you get double the VJ in the film. I guess. I don't know, but obviously it goes way back till early Bollywood as well of all these different things. But yeah, I thought I saw it. And I had another question. Maybe, and Johnny can help me with it. About a certain look of a certain character. Maybe it's the guy with the beanie. I've seen that look a lot. Wait, Dupika's in it? Is she just a cameo?  Look at these, look at his, wow. There's quite the cast here. And yes, there's Johnny Lever. Johnny Lever, OK, that was him, right? The big hair guy, this guy? This is who I was. Yeah. Yeah. Is that him? It's gotta be. OK. That big smile under that hair? Yeah, I thought so. And then I recognize a lot of the. Ranveer, Pooja Hedde. I recognize a lot of the actors, actually, in terms of just little supporting roles. Yeah. So I'm wondering if a lot of them are just big old comedy actors. Johnny Lever as Johnny Lever. And my suspicion, obviously, I'm guessing maybe these actors were in previous films, or they're even reprising the characters. Yeah, from his prior films. A circus operator and his gymnast friends belong to a big circus company, Juggle, with their lives and try to bring back the extinct circus culture to the public. OK, so obviously he's part of the circus and he's a twin. That used to be a big thing for. Must be. Circuses back in the day. Yeah, I'm assuming the circus in India would be comparable to the circus in America, but I may be way off base. I would have the foggiest idea what the circus is like in India. It's definitely dead now. Yeah, that's for sure. Did you all ever have a big circus culture in India ever? Yeah, it's. Same kind of thing. Same kind of thing, but it's not big as Cirque du Soleil here. Right. No, but it was like elephants. But it did. Back in the day. Did you have Ringling Brothers Barnum and Bailey Circus there? Ah, then no. There were really only two circuses here in the United States when I was a kid. Ringling Brothers Barnum and Bailey Circus, or Circus Vargas. We have different names. I'm sure. Yeah, yeah, I'm sure. But yeah, I remember going to circuses when I was a kid, and I vividly remember Clowns and Elephants. Clowns, elephants. OK, so it's the lion tamer. Same kind of thing. Yeah, so trapeze artists, some fire eaters, same kind of thing. This is the other. So this look, what is that look from? Because the beanie that's all the way around the head with the kind of up at top, I recognize that look. That's who I'm talking about. Do you, like, is that an iconic? No? Why do I, I just seen it a few times, too, and it's in comedy stuff. Yeah, it's specifically in comedy. Maybe even it wasn't like, what was it? What was it, um, the Gomal? Was it in Gomal? Oh, I don't know. That's the one I'm talking about. I'm just trying to figure out, is that like, an iconic comedy character? Right. And that's what they're trying to emulate? Right. It's a pretty distinct kind of look. Right? Yeah, it is. But yeah, Sanjay Mista. Fun, I like him a lot, but I think he's a fantastic actor. He is. Like, he's Oscar level.  Why wouldn't you? Yeah, that's fun, would that be? Like, he could be like, Irfan, right? Right. In that level of dramatic, beautiful artistry, not to say that this is not beautiful artistry, comedy is harder in general. In many respects, yeah. Maybe that's why. Maybe he likes the challenge. Or maybe he likes just a lot of fun. Maybe he also likes he does these ones to fund his more artistic side, kind of like a necessarily in shot. Yeah, could be. And that kind of stuff, I don't know. So I think the trailer comes out on, it said, the second. So that's what? Also that guy. Why do I know him? Yeah. The guy with the big Elvis hair. Don't you feel like? Oh, yeah, he looks very familiar. Very familiar, right? My hope is that we'd be able to get all the comedy, right?  Just ridiculous, silly comedy, yeah. Yeah. And we can get comedy, but if it's all dialogue or reference driven and the subtitles do not do it justice. And culture driven. Yeah. That would always be my fear. I don't know if that's what this is. We'll see what the trailer looks like, because obviously this isn't even from the film. But yeah, you guys let us know. Obviously, those questions I had, please answer those. So I can understand them. And what you think about the trailer? And what should, what do, what are you excited for? It's coming out on 23rd. Yeah, the 23rd. So right at Christmas. What day is Christmas this year? It's always December 25th. I know that. What day of the week? No idea. That's why. It's on the Sunday. So obviously, they're not going to drop it on Christmas. So that's releasing on a Friday. On Friday. Yeah. Christmas weekend, which is what it's going to be for everybody who opens that weekend, which I find so funny. They were smart that India has Christmas releases. But I mean, I know there's a big population of Christians in India. I'm not saying that, but it's not like a holier Diwali in terms of this magnitude. Yeah. Like I'd say probably less than half probably celebrate Christmas. Yeah. And Jarni, how often do you celebrate Christmas when you were in India? Well, I always did because it was just. But did a lot of people have lights up, trees, or anything like that? How cutters. Oh, really? I had like a small Christmas tree every 25th December. And it's a ritual in my house to go to new market and have plum cake for Christmas. Because of the song? I don't know. That's a very. I've actually never had plum cake. Another of I. Every 25th December, we would go and get plum cake. And sometimes we'd go to church and see all the lights. OK. And lit so I. So there is a big lighting of lights and trees and stuff? Yes. OK. Didn't I guess that makes sense? Yeah, she would send me a video and show me the decorations on the streets. Granted. Here, it's not really a Christian thing. It's just this is just an American culture. The Christmas wise, obviously. I'm not saying Christians don't have their reasons. I'm not saying that. No, it's much bigger than that. It's not really about Jesus in terms of the whole of America celebrating. The whole of America takes it as a season of goodwill. Season of goodwill and fine generosity and giving. Yeah. And that kind of stuff. Obviously, it has religious stuff behind it. No, you're absolutely right. But that's not the main reason people celebrate Christmas. There are people that aren't religious at all. That celebrate Christmas. In fact, it's probably pagan holiday, actually. Yeah, it's probably it's by far the biggest holiday here in terms of shopping and everybody celebrating. But it's also probably the biggest holiday we have that does have a religious origin that the majority celebrate for completely not religious reasons. Yeah. Yeah. One Jesus wasn't even born in December. Exactly. Yeah. Yeah, newsflash. He was not born in the dead of winter. He just wasn't. It's a lie. And also there are no wise men in the real manger scene in case you didn't know that. The wise men showed up when he was two. No, no, no. They were there. Myrrh. They're smart because if they released that a week earlier, that wouldn't be wise. Because on December 16th is when the new avatar comes out. Yeah. But they are marketing this heavily to, I've seen promotions already for like bring the family. Yeah. It's a big Christmas family. Christmas family. Which that's a big deal. We've mentioned this before. It is a big deal to a lot of people have as a tradition after they open the gifts is to go to the movies and see a Christmas film. Used to be our tradition. Me too. Before. Used to do it. Before the time. Before kids. And it will be again. It will be. Yeah, but you open up the gifts and then middle afternoon. It's, hey, let's all go as a family to a matinee. Yep. Anyways, let us know what you thought about the teaser and any other information we need to know down below. Jesus.


There's somebody that we need to talk about it's Ian Thomas of the Panthers And of course an injury to Greg Olson opens up some opportunity for him Yeah, Greg Olson, you know if you were listening to the fantasy best friends forever on the fantasy sports radio network before the season started You would have known not to draft Greg Olson. It's a little humble brag right there Give myself the pat on the back Greg Olson wasn't himself this year Whether it was the foot injury that's been hampering him all season or frankly just age catching up to him He's been a very very productive player in the NFL for a long long time But age is catching up to me, you know Father time catches up to everybody especially when it comes, you know to the tight end constantly blocking taking a lot of big hits as well So Ian Thomas is the next tight end up And you know it was Ian Thomas and John who Smith earlier on in the season when Delaney Walker and Greg Olson went down the first time We were talking about these young tight ends who have an opportunity to step up It took some time for John who Smith to get involved and you know He's been much better as of late. He's been scoring touchdown for the Titans Ian Thomas has a similar opportunity here played seventy-nine seventy-five percent of the snaps this past week in week 13 Once Greg Olson went down and it's just a pretty good match up the Browns allowing the sixth most fantasy points to tight ends They've allowed four touchdowns over their last four games Ian Thomas this past week was targeted five times caught all five of those for 46 yards does he have huge upside probably not there's a lot of mouths to feed in the Panthers offense But if you lost Greg Olson Ian Thomas is the next tight end up He did net just over seven fantasy points on fan duel this past week which for the tight end position Let's face it. You can't really complain


All right. People can hear me in the back. Yes, great. So welcome back to the last installment of Hager flow homology. So yesterday we talked about the knot invariant, and today we're gonna talk about the relationship between the knot invariant and the three-minute fault invariant, in particular how the knot invariant allows us to recover the Hager flow homology of surgery along the knot. So yesterday, given a doubly pointed Hager diagram, we built this chain complex. And so remember, this chain complex was a chain complex over a polynomial ring in two variables. And this is a bi-graded ring. So there's a few things I wanna point out about this ring. Great. So the homogeneously graded elements look like this. Great. In the way I've written this, I guess this axis is denoting the u-grading, and this axis is denoting the v-grading. Then we also, it was often convenient to look at a linear combination of the two gradings called the Alexander-grading, which is one-half of the u-grading minus the v-grading. So in this picture, let's identify the sort of the Alexander-grading in this picture. So the Alexander-grading is this difference. So if we see the Alexander-grading lives along these, so if you look at these diagonals, but this slice here, if you check this slice here consists of all the elements of Alexander-grading zero. This slice here is all of the elements of Alexander-grading one. This is all the elements of Alexander-grading minus one, et cetera. Great. And in particular, if you notice in each of these sort of pieces of a fixed Alexander-grading, right, well like in this one, Alexander-grading zero, all the elements differ by a multiple of u times v. So in particular, right, since the Alexander-grading of u is minus one, the Alexander-grading of v is one, while the Alexander-grading of u times v is zero. So in particular, it will often be convenient for us to look at u times v, so we'll give that a name, we'll call that w. And remember, in this chain complex, we had a differential, and remember, the differential lowered the u-grading and the v-grading by one, so in particular, the differential preserves the Alexander-grading. So that means, in this chain complex, as a chain complex of f-a-jewel and w modules, so what do I mean by that? I mean, take the chain complex that still is the same underlying group, but now the module action, the module action is only multiplication by w, and so in particular, so what is nice about that? Well, as a chain complex of f-a-jewel and w modules, this chain complex actually splits as a direct sum of its Alexander-graded pieces. So I'll write that like this. So this splitting, so the fact that it splits as a chain complex means that the differential preserves the splitting, respects the splitting, and the fact that it splits as a w-module means that multiplication by w respects the splitting. So we're gonna be interested in surgeries on a knot, so let's recall that h1 of n-surgery on k is isomorphic to z-mod-n-z, and remember that spin-c structures on a three-manifold are in one-to-one correspondence with first homology classes. Great, so we'll choose some identification, and in particular, we'll write hf-minus of n-surgery on k. That's gonna be a direct sum over s in z-mod-n-z, and then we have this part of the Hager-Fluhomology in that spin-c structure. Okay, remember hf-minus, well, it's a module over a polynomial of n in one variable. So now let's state the relationship between this knot invariant and the Hager-Fluhomology of surgery. This is due to Auschwitz-Sabo and independently Jake Rasmussen. All right, so we have a knot in s-tree. We're gonna pick some large integer n, so large is going to mean greater than or equal to twice the genus minus one, and then we'll pick a spin-c structure, so s will be less than or equal to the floor of n over two. Then it turns out that we can express the Hager-Fluhomology of surgery in terms of things that are basically already written on the board. Hf-minus of n surgery on k in the spin-c structure s is isomorphic to the homology of the part of the knot-floor complex in Alexander-Grading. So what do I mean by that? Because sort of great, so both of these are modules over a polynomial ring and a single variable, so now I just need to tell you what that variable is.  Let's put an s here. So direct sum over the Alexander-Graded pieces, and this is denoting the Alexander-Grading. So remember, well here, the splitting was as f for joint w modules, where w is u times v. So this isomorphism is as relatively graded f for joint w modules. So on the right-hand side, w is equal to u times v, and then on the left-hand side, well, this is what we call w. This is what we call u on Tuesday. Right, so the left and right-hand side are both modules over a polynomial ring in one variable. So on the left-hand side, well, this is the variable you used to, and then on the right-hand side, it's the variable u times v. And the relative grading, well, on the left-hand side, it's the usual relative grading, and on the right-hand side, you can choose either the u-grading or the v-grading. So that's the statement. One more statement about gradings. You can upgrade this to an absolutely graded statement, but for simplicity, I won't do that today. So you can upgrade to an isomorphism of absolutely graded modules. So questions about the statement. Great, so that's the statement about hf minus. And well, as a corollary, there's a statement about hf hat. So remember, as we talked about yesterday, well, hf hat, you just get that by setting a variable equal to zero on the chain level, then taking homology, and that gives you hf hat. So the corollary is that hf hat of n-surgery. Well, this is just isomorphic to the homology of this chain complex where we want to set a variable equal to zero, so you set uv equal to zero, and then this is still for a large n. So let's take a look at an example. So yesterday, we computed the nut flow complex for the left-handed truffle oil. So let's look at a surgery on the left-handed truffle oil. So let's do plus one surgery on the left-handed truffle oil. The truffle oil has genus one, so one is in fact large if the genus is one, which is kind of nice. So remember, this chain complex had three generators, and let's recall the Alexander grading of these three generators. It was negative one, zero, one. And then let's also recall the boundary map, the boundary of a was ub, the boundary of b was zero, and the boundary of c was vb. So now I want to identify the part of this chain complex in Alexander grading zero. So remember, v raises Alexander grading by one and u lowers Alexander grading by one. So if we want to identify the part of this chain complex in Alexander grading zero, because if you look here, n is one, so this is the integer homology sphere, so there's a unique spin-c structure, and we want to do it for s equals zero. So we want to find the part of this chain complex that lives in grading s equals zero. So a lives in the wrong Alexander grading, but since v raises Alexander grading by one, well, v times a is in the right Alexander grading. b is already in Alexander grading zero. c is in Alexander grading one, but u lowers Alexander grading by one, so u times b, u times c is in Alexander grading zero, and this now is generated over f of join w, where w is u times v. But you find these, and then if you want to find the rest of the elements of Alexander grading zero, they're just going to be u v multiples of these. Okay, and now let's write out the boundary of these. So boundary of v a, well, the boundary map commutes with multiplication by u and v, so this is u v b, which maybe we want to call w v. The boundary of b is still zero, and the boundary of u c is u v b, which let's call w v. Okay, so now, well, here's our chain complex. It's generated over the ring f of join w by these three elements with that boundary map, so we can compute the homology. Also, by the theorem that I just erased, h f minus of y is isomorphic to the homology of the chain complex we just computed. So the kernel v a plus u c is in the kernel, as is b, and w b is in the image. So this is isomorphic to one copy of f of join w generated by v a plus u c plus a copy of f, which is generated by b, and w times b is zero. So, okay, so this is h f minus of plus one surgery on the left end of trefoil, which is the briscoin homology sphere sigma 237 with some orientation. Questions about this example? No, so remember, right, so, the invariant of a three-manifold is just, it splits as it directs some of our spin c structures. This is plus one surgery, so it's an integer homology sphere, so it's a unique spin c structure. So technically, if you wanted to match up what I've written over there, you could add the unique spin c structure on y here, but sort of, I didn't bother because there's a unique spin c structure. Yeah, if you did a surgery where you got something that had non-frivial h one, then you should do the spin c structure by spin c structure, so you probably do it for multiple values of, you do it for multiple values of Alexander Gaiden. Oh, and the corollate, you still need a condition on s. The corollary has all the same hypotheses as the theorem. Thank you. I'm working mod two, so plus is minus. Everything, yeah, everything I do is over mod two coefficient, so plus is minus. Say a few words about the proof of this theorem. So let's talk about the idea of the proof. Okay, so let's consider a Hager diagram for or not, so I'm just going to draw the doubly pointed Hager diagram from Monday for the left-handed truffle. So remember we took that projection, we sort of took a tubular neighborhood of it, then we put beta circles around each of those little bounded regions, and then we got alpha circles for each crossing and also one for the meridian, or a meridian. And we talked about how to build the three-manifold from this, that you thicken your surface. Along sigma across one, you attach discs along the beta circles and fill in the boundary with a three ball. And along sigma across zero, you attach discs along the alpha circles, and then filling the remaining s2 boundary with a three ball. But now, so let's think, okay, so let's fill in the beta-handled body as I just described. And now, on the inside, well, let's put in discs along these three alpha circles, and then if you think very carefully, if you just put in discs along these three alpha circles, and you don't do anything with the meridian, nor do you glue in the three ball, what you get is the not complement. So that's a good exercise in understanding how to build a three-manifold from the Hager diagram. And so now, right, so what I've just said, so let's draw what I just described, right? I said, basically, do the usual thing, but don't put in the, don't glue in this alpha disc, nor should you put in the alpha three ball. Okay. And so now, instead of putting an alpha circle along meridian, let's put an alpha circle along an n-frameed longitude, right? And so, if an n-frameed longitude bounds a disc, well, that's gonna be, and then the resulting three-manifold is gonna be n-surgery on k. So, wait, so what I'm drawing here is a longitude.   So now, and then, I guess there's a base point somewhere. So now, this is a diagram for, this is a Higa diagram for surgery on k. Okay. And so now let's see how, yeah, I drew the longitude in orange just to sort of make it stand out a little more. Wait, okay, so now let's take a generator in here. So remember, generators, well, they're intersection points between t-alpha and t-beta, so they're gonna be g-tuples of intersection points between alpha and beta that use each alpha circle exactly once and each beta circle exactly once. So notice this alpha circle only intersects one beta circle, so we're forced to use this, right? So any generator for the Higa flow complex has to use this intersection point because there's no other way you could use this alpha circle. And then after that, I guess you have some choice, so let's maybe, let's see if I can do this without messing up. That looks like I've used each beta circle exactly once and I've used each alpha circle exactly once, so that's a generator. Okay, and now notice, well, if you have a generator here for the not flow complex, well, you can, okay, let's try to find like the closest thing to it over here, right? So the closest thing to it, well, we wanna try to, we can keep these intersection points because they still live over here. So that's right here. Looks like this one and this one. And now we're this meridian intersected, this beta circle. Well, now we get a bunch of different intersection points and in particular, these intersection points correspond to different spin C structures. You can see that there was an exercise in day one that sort of dealt with spin C structures. You can see that these intersection points all correspond to different spin C structures. And then with some sort of understanding about the Alexander grating and the base points and spin C structures, you work at the gratings and that's how you recover the statement of the theorem, right, sort of the point is to see the isomorph, just to see the chain conflict of this correspond, well, here you just move it on to sort of one of the intersection points here. So that's the idea of that. Great, so this is a theorem for large surgery. Well, it'll also be nice to be able to compute Hager flow homology of not large surgeries. So in order to do that, we need to first do some setup. So let's consider the following. Yesterday we talked about different sort of algebraic modifications we can make to this chain complex. So for example, we said V equal to one. We saw that that was like forgetting the Z base point, which just gave us a Hager diagram for S3. So we recovered HF minus of S3. What's something else you can do? Well, you could invert one of your variables. So what do I mean by that? I mean, let's tensor over V, F of join V with F of join V, V inverse. You still have an Alexander grating, so you can still look at a particular Alexander grating. Remember, anytime we sort of talk about the splitting into Alexander graded pieces, well then the module action is just by W and not by U and V anymore. Remember, W is the thing that fixes Alexander grating. So now this is an F of join W module. Let's give this a name. Let's call this BS. Okay, so S can be, I guess, any integer. And now, well, we have a map V. But S is Alexander grating. Multiplication by V increases Alexander grating. So that's gonna take us to BS plus one. And so the inverse lowers Alexander grating. So that takes us from BS plus one to BS, great. So okay, well, the composition of these is the identity. So that tells you that these are all isomorphic. So this implies that B sub S is isomorphic, to B sub T for all integers S and T. We actually know even more about B sub S. Great, so yesterday we saw if we said V equal to one, we recovered CF minus of S three. If you invert V, well, you're making V a unit. So that's almost like setting V equal to one. And in fact, it follows in one of the exercises from yesterday that this is actually homotopy equivalent to CF minus of S three. So that's an exercise. Great, so that tells us, well, if we just look at this entire thing, the not flow complex where we've inverted V, well, this is just gonna be isomorphic to direct sum of these B sub S complexes, right? And so maybe the picture to have in mind, right? So great, so you have V action that moves you up. You have a V inverse action that moves you down. And then internal to each of these copies, you have an action by W. So that's maybe the picture you wanna have in mind. So here, I inverted V, but you could just as well play the same game with U. And in fact, we saw yesterday that these complexes are symmetric under reversing the roles of U and V, so you can do the exact same thing. So moreover, B sub S is homotopy equivalent to the same thing where you reverse the roles of V and U. Sorry for squishing this in. Okay, so this is by symmetry with respect to U and V. Great, so you have this homotopy equivalence, which I'll denote V sub S.  Well actually, this theorem tells us a little more. So remember, Hager-Floor homology behaves nice with respect to cubortisms, a four-manifold cubortism between two, three-manifolds induces a map on the corresponding Hager-Floor groups. So we can actually say something about those cubortism maps. So we have the inclusion from the not-floor complex, say in Alexander-grating S, into, I gave it a name, into BS, right? That's just including this into the complex where we've inverted V. And it turns out that this map actually induces the two-handled cubortism map from HF minus of N surgery on K to HF minus of S3. So let me tell you what the four-manifold is that's giving us the cubortism between these two, three-manifolds. So W is essentially the N trace. It's in fact a reverse orientation. So it's the N trace on K minus a ball. So what do I mean by this?  This is K, this is a cartoon picture that's down a couple of dimensions. And then you attach an N frame two-handle along K. And then let's remove a little ball inside. And then for orientation reasons, you have to reverse the orientation of this. So it's a cubortism from N surgery on K to S3. And then you put a spin C structure on this, sort of the one that restricts the spin C structure on N surgery. Okay, so in particular, we did this algebraic thing where we inverted V, and in fact, doing that algebraic thing actually had geometric meaning. It gave us this cubortism map. Questions? Yeah, so just pick a large, this is for large N, yeah. Yeah, so, thanks. Okay, so before we talk about general surgeries, this is sort of annoying thing, so okay. For technical reasons, we're gonna need to work over the power series ring instead of the polynomial ring, so okay, so everything we did over here, you can just carry over. Okay, so there's some power series rings now instead.


Our unmanned systems are a great force multiplier for our Navy. They bring a lot of capability to the fleet that we didn't have before we had them and they allow us to do missions without putting people at risk. Yeah, they create an advantage for us because they create dilemmas for our adversaries. They expand our weapons capabilities, they expand our reach for us and they allow us to provide a defense in depth, either an offensive strike capability or a defensive capability. Manned unmanned teaming is where we're going to align with the CNO's unmanned campaign plan. We're excited to go in that direction. By collecting all the data from all of these different sensors, both air, surface, subsurface and even space, bringing them together and then really applying the power of the computer to break down that information, to look for those signals in the noise, that's where we're going to start seeing tremendous advantage.


All right, here we go, we're live. Wait, I think we're live. All right, here we are, live. Yes, Jim, are you sure, are you sure we're live? We're live, live on the metal voice. What a surprise. Blindsided, blindsided, blindsided. Nobody saw it coming. There were hints. Somebody's walking around with directions. I didn't see it coming. I don't think anybody saw it. You know what, to keep such a secret like that from the music community, that's often Metallica. That's often Metallica, a teaser today. So here we go, here we go. The needle's on the vinyl. The last second show here, Alan. I'm just putting out the notes. All right, the album is gonna be called 72 Seasons. It's gonna be released on April 14th, 2023. And there's gonna be a world tour following the album. They're going through Europe. They're coming through Canada, the US, and going back to Europe. And Munchall is two of the dates. Yes, that's the good news. The bad news is they're gonna be performing at the Olympic Stadium. Yeah, but it's gonna be a 360. So they'll be like situated in the middle. That sound will be 362. Bouncing off the walls. The last show I saw at the Olympic Stadium, guess what it was? Metallica. Police. Oh, okay. Back in 1984. And you know what? I refuse to see a show there so I have no comment on what the sound is like. You can tell me. But if they put, it was horrendous. But if they put it in the middle, it might help. It just might help. Yeah, they echo might last longer, yeah. That's right. On August 11th and August 13th in Munchall. A year from now, oh my gosh. Well, I'm not a year from now, but in the next year, we'll say, right? So they come out with this new song, Blind Side It Again. The tour was a blind side. The new song was a blind side. The album coming out was a blind side. That's good. Hats off. I like that. I like that. That's good. It's getting, here.  Don't talk to anybody before this date. Don't mention the name before this date. These guys are just like, this is what we're having here. It's out there. Now, here's the good and the bad. For the Pantera lovers out there, this is great news because they're opening on one of the dates. Five Finger Death Punch is opening on the second date or a vice versa, however they wanna do it. There's also Wolfie Van Halen, who's gonna be opening, opening as well as this other band that I can't remember their name right now. If anybody knows who they are, please, please advise me. So it's not, the Wolfie's band, Mammoth, no? Yeah, Wolfie's a Mammoth. Yeah, Wolfie's Mammoth. I don't know. I don't know. You think of Raven. Oh, Ice Nine Kills. That's who the other band is. Thank you, BFJS. Michael. So it's Ice Nine Kills. Wouldn't it be better to have Raven instead of Ice Nine Kills? Maybe Anthrax. Throwing him Megadeth, perhaps. I don't know, maybe I'm just too old school, I'm too old, Alan. Overkill. You're giving me that impression. Look, I get the math, the business math that they wanna do, bringing the young folks, bringing the young crowds to Metallica. I get that, I get that. If they put in Raven, they're scared, it's just gonna be you and me there, right? But anyways, all right, so let's get to this one. John Gallagher had enough with that. He had a headphone at a small club that had 100 people in it that we couldn't understand anything he was saying. I hate to see how that would sound on... But he opened up from Metallica in Florida just a few weeks ago, right? Yeah, I'm talking about the Olympic Stadium. Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, okay, I got you. All right, man, so look. All right. Love the groove, love it, love it. The drums and the bass in sync. Like you wouldn't believe. I mean, I don't know if I can think of another Metallica song where it's like the rhythm section so in sync.  So my first impression is like, well, what's it gonna sound like? Because these guys have been 40 years into their career. You know, we both love Megadeth, but you can say that, you know, kind of the same format for the last 40 years where Metallica has been known to rightly or wrongly or enjoyable or not, explore a little bit, right? Yep. So now we say, okay, what's it gonna sound like? So I hear the opening riff. I love the hum of the amplifiers at the beginning.  And then you get into the groove and you're like, ah, and then James vocals and that's what I was hoping. They would do something more mature, I guess would be the word. And I didn't, they didn't disappoint with this song. The only thing is that when the solo finally came in, upon the first listen, I said, what the hell's that?  I didn't understand the solo. It was a panic. It was a panic. Yeah, just, yeah. You know, Kirk Hammett, I mean, that guy's unbelievable, right? And these solos, we can name 10 solos that are our favorites from him easily. But this one, I'm like, so I said, I must have missed something because the rest of the song is fantastic. So let me go back and listen. And I'm listening, okay, it doesn't sound so bad the second or the third time. But that first listen, that solo came in and I, oh my gosh, this is terrible. It's like, they've progressed as a band on this song, but that solo takes you right back to like 1983, you know? But I think that's, a lot of people saying it's got to kill them all feel. The only kill them all feel I hear is that solo, that panic. Yeah, yeah, there's something. That panic solo, right? It doesn't fit with the rest of the song as far as I'm concerned. But upon subsequent listens, it didn't bother me as much as that first listen. And I love that, you know, Mota has overkill feeling and they're not false ending. They don't do it 10 times like Mota had used to do, but they do it, do it once or twice. So that's, and they kind of do that at the beginning too.  A Metallica song that's three minutes and what, 30 seconds? Yeah, yeah, yeah. When was the last time we had that? Well, I mean, hardwired till self-destruct had a lot, a few of those, right? Yeah, a few of those. It's a continuation of that. I don't know, I'm just, I'm loving it. I'm loving it, man. I'm just gonna see what the rest of them say. Because at this stage of their careers, my point is, I guess what I'm trying to get. At this stage of their career, I don't want to hear Kill'em All, you know? I don't want to hear Faith to Black. You know, I want to hear Damaging Incorporated. I don't want to hear, what is a mature band of these guys who are in their late 50s? What are they doing that's gonna separate them yet again from the pack? That's my hope for this album. And I'm not disappointed from what I heard today. That's good, that's good. I kind of like it too.   And even the solo is very mustanish, early mustane type solo, right? That's just mine. But I do like to clean vocals from James.  Is it the most memorable melody? Are you gonna sing it in the shower after we're done here, Alan? Or while you're lying in bed? You're not, you're not gonna remember this melody. But you will remember that it's a fun song to listen to. Yeah, and again. Can you think of the melody right now? No, I remember the amplifiers humming at the beginning and the amplifiers humming at the end. But again, you said last minute show, I didn't listen to it 600 times, you know? Well, you don't need to listen to it. And here's a good point. Where's the bass? I think we're going back to lowering the bass. Well, you know, I put on headphones and I'm going, where is the bass? You know, I listened to one section and the bass was complete. He was doing some amazing things. And the drums, like I said, they were in sync. They weren't doing their own different thing or the bass was just duplicating what the guitars are doing. But then you're right. Then it's like, okay, but apart from that wonderful section. The verse. Where did the bass go after that? Where did the bass go in the verse? It seemed like that. I gotta go back and listen to it, but the section that I heard, that's the one thing that stood out for me, is Lars's drumming and being in sync. At least that little section of the song, I was thoroughly impressed now. But I remember afterwards saying, hey, how come that didn't happen more? So I know what you're saying. Sort of like when the riffs break away, then you hear the bass sort of playing with the guitar, the sort of melody, right? But when he's playing the verse portion, it just kind of disappears in the sound. And I found the drumming, and I don't want to be too, I did like the drumming, but in a way it sounded programmed. Like it was too perfect. I do like the drum sound and I do like the pattern that he uses throughout the whole song. It's a good, great job, but it sound very programmed if you ask me. I put it on my headphones, I listened to it out loud, heard it like six times. I don't know. Everybody, do you agree or disagree on the programming on the drums? Do you agree or disagree on the bass is way too low in the mix? Should have been a little bit louder. Now, what do you think about the vocals? Do you want that? Yeah, yeah, yeah. Or do you want the nice clean vocals that James Hetfield is doing? Mike saying Lars wasn't sloppy for a change, but that's my point. I think he's better off being sloppy and sounding more real versus programmed. I want to hear a mature band. I want to hear, you know, James and I have one of our favorite bands, you know, together is, is definitely thin, Lizzie, you know, and a lot of things that was different. They'd always, nobody could, nobody can blame them for doing the same thing all the time, that's for sure. But, you know, that's mature songwriting. That's, and that's why I want Metallica to go, you know? And I think they've done it with this song. I'm just, I can't wait to hear what the rest of the album is going to sound like. All right, so just to give everybody, I did a little bit of research. I don't even know how to even, Lux, Atenar. Aten, Atenarna, Atenarna. Cause it's an A and an E, right? Atenarna. Eterna. Eterna. Yeah. Yeah, Eterna. Don't keep going, I love it. I love it. Lux, Lux, like in Lux, Lux Eterna, which is basically a religious Catholic chant when people are dying or have died. And that's kind of like the premise of it all. And I guess, I don't know where that picture of that album cover, you see that album cover? I don't see anything good. You woke me up and said, we're doing a show. Well, I mean, if you take a look at our little feed there, there's a little album cover there in the corner on the top right.  And, yeah, it's really terrible. It's well, the album cover is not great, but. Yeah. I think they actually had, yeah. Yeah, go ahead. Lars's drumming is unbelievable on this, I think. I think it's great too. It sounds so good. It sounds programmed. It sounds programmed. Hmm. I don't know. I don't know. Also, it's called the album 72 Seasons and people are probably asking, why? Why, Alan? Why is it called 72 Seasons? Not a clue, man. It's the Japanese calendar. They subdivide and they micro divide all these seasons into 72 Seasons. We have four Seasons and they have 72. Apparently every few weeks, there's a season in Japan. So that's what it comes down to. So that's the whole concept. The concept that we were told from James, who will be our parents? A possible pigeon holding around what kind of personality we are. I am the most interested, I think the most interesting part of this is the continued study of those core beliefs and how it affects our perception of the world. Much of our adult experience is reenactment or reaction to these childhood experiences. Prisoners of childhood or breaking free of these bondage we carry. So what he's trying to say is that they want us to be a certain person or we're expected to be a certain person when we're kids and then we kind of break off into our own, but they want to keep us down. Something like that. Did you get what he was saying? I didn't get what he was saying. Yeah, I feel like you get it, I mean. 12 tracks on the album. 18, how many years has it been since their last one? 2000 and what, 16? Oh. Yeah, oh yeah. 77 minutes. Time flies. 77 minutes on this album. They like to write a lot of stuff. Produced by Greg Fieldman with Metallica's James Hetfield and of course Lars. 12 tracks, like I said, and there's a tour. What do you, what does everybody think about Pantera? I'm not a big fan of Pantera. I would have like Raven instead. So you got, so you got, wait. So just keep me current here. So you got Zach Wilde. Yes. You've got Charlie, but an auntie on the album. Yeah, that's right, yeah. Who you got on bass? What's his face, a guy from Pantera? What's his name? Yeah, yeah. Okay, and who's- And Phil on singing, right? So it's like half the band, really. Okay. Right? So night one. Love Charlie. Charlie's a good guy. And there's different versions of the opening acts in Europe versus in North America, but we got Pantera. So when's the European tour finishing? Well, it's kind of like mixed in with the North American tour. So they're starting off in Europe in April, Amsterdam, Paris, Hamburg, Gartenburg, then they're coming to Canada, Montreal, then they're going to Texas for Montreal, it's a long drive. Then they're going to California, St. Louis, and then they're going back to Europe. So in Europe there's a different, there are different opening acts, but in Canada it's Pantera, Mammoth from Van Halen, and the second night it's Five Finger Death Punch and Ice Nine Kills. And they're doing two shows in every city? They're doing two shows in every city. Yeah. Wow. In Mexico they might be doing four. And what did you say about mixing up two different set lists per night? So what they said is, according to the press release was that there'll be two different set lists. So let's say they're playing Montreal Night One, they'll have one set list and night two they'll have a second set list. So people don't. AKA two different set lists. Thanks, thanks for clarifying, Jim. That was, for those of us that were. For those about to rock. Thank you for telling me. That's it. So what did everybody else rate the new song out of 10, everybody? Put in your comments. I'm giving eight because the solo would have put it out of 10. Yeah. I would put it at seven out of 10 because I really enjoyed the music portion but I was not too keen about the memorability of the melody. But I do like it. So they're saying, Mike's saying 8.5. Michael's saying eight out of 10. Yeah, that's right. Ben is saying 7.5 out of 10. So people seem to like it. I got Ernesto saying the support bands suck. I'm not a big Pantera fan there, Alan. You know that. I'm not a big Pantera fan. I'm not the biggest Pantera fan by any means. I'm glad we're doing our little top 10 list with Mr. LaTorre that he introduced us or reintroduced us to Pantera. And you can see why they were quite popular back in the day but you know, I think it's nice that they're keeping the memory alive. Yes. Sometimes life has circumstances that we don't foresee and you know, careers come to an end prematurely and people, you know, people just wanna hear the music. And I'm glad they're doing this as a dedication to their fallen friends. So that's how I see it. And I agree with you and no disrespect to Pantera. There's people who love the band. I could see that online, people love this band. And you know what? If that's what makes them happy, all the power to them, right? Parents said it's called No Repeat Weekend. That's what it's called. That's the sort of the phrasing of the event because they're not repeating the same songs twice. All right. So what else we got? We got Ernesto's at seven. Parents at nine out of 10. Rob is saying eight out of 10. Worthy of a 1990s B-side says John. Oh, ow. John Cousadas says eight. Mike says, not sure Zach is the right guy to do this. He's referring to Pantera. Zach was a great friend of Daim bag. Yeah, yeah. And you can only hear Enter Sandman once. I guess you could only hear it once. That's true, right? What are the ladies are gonna say? You two, okay, I gotta think about that one. Because you can't hear it twice on two nights. We said there's no repeat of the set list. Okay. So you can't hear it twice. But you could hear it in another city again. Jeannie saying nine out of 10. I guess that's the larger question. What do people want to hear? Right, are they gonna do an 80 set list one night or are they gonna mix it up or do a, you'd have to mix it up. Yeah, you'd have to mix it up, right. I would have liked to see what they did in Florida, like the first two albums and with Raven. But it's not gonna happen. We're gonna get Raven anyways, we'll get Anvil. Let's get Anvil. Get Anvil, get Raven, there you go. I think that's about it. We know that nobody wants Striper. Well, they should, but they don't want to put them on. That's fine. Here's another example of somebody disrespecting Striper and not putting them on, giving them a chance. You know what, the band sounds super tight to your point on this new song. The bass is kind of low. The drum sound kind of programmed, but overall it's a pretty good song. Yeah, at the beginning, yeah. I remember, when I heard the beginning, I said, I hope this is not the drum beat for the whole song, because it was gonna drive me crazy. Look at this, Genie says, I wasn't at the show in Florida and it was great. They brought out their A game, Raven played a short set, but we're good too. So there you go, it works. It works. Here's what scares me. What are the price of these tickets? Ha, ha, ha, ha. Hey, the price is the price, man. This is the cost to move things. These are big trades. They're playing stadiums. That's not gonna be a band with a couple of PAs in the back, man. This is, you know, or a couple of 100 Watts Marshalls. I mean, this is gonna take some money and gas and travel and paying people these days. Everything's gone up just to get a bite of milk for the after party show, that's kind of important. Never forbid you try to get a head of lettuce for the riders. Would you pay $400 for one ticket? I don't pay $400 for nothing, man. Ha, ha, ha. With people out there. I'm going the wrong way. Pay $400 for two nights. I'm going to clubs. I'm getting away from the arenas. I'm going to clubs where you can buy a ticket for 40, 30. 30 would be good. Two nights on the site Metallica, 1,040 US for two nights. Okay, but that's for two nights. That's a bargain. 1,040? Cheapest price is 500 to 700 US for two nights. This includes ticket, shirt, and VIP. That's a lot of money, five to 700 US. For night. Cheapest package for two nights. So you're getting, you're paying, let's say 700 US for two nights. So it's like 350, 350 a night. That's US, so you know, put that Canadian. What is it, like 1,500 or something? 400 bucks for nosebleeds. I paid $700 for two nights. Yeah, you misread that. You misread that. Parents said it's $500 for us. For us. He's inviting us to go with it. He's paying. Oh yeah, that's right. Okay, I'm okay with that. He said for us, so he's gonna pay for us. Good job, parents. Thanks for putting you in writing. All right. I don't know, I think that's a lot. I think that's a lot. I think we, I rather go see Metallica in our arena than the stadium, especially the Olympic Stadium. But hey, if everybody's happy and everybody wants to do it and everybody's gonna have a great night out, maybe that sort of round surround thing is gonna be cool. I don't know. Maybe it's gonna be a nice setup. Remember you too, they came here and they had that cool little roundy thing and people loved it. They paid like 400, 500 bucks for two nights. The Death Magnetic Tour here, they did it in the, well the stage was in the center of the arena. It was the arena though. That's different. Yeah, that's different. But it's not like this is not the first time they're doing this. They've done this on numerous previous tours, just it's gonna be on a bigger scale and one half of the arena will be with empty seats. They won't have any seats in this particular case in Montreal. Not like it's got a complete round bowl, right? So much else. And it'll be the end of our building because it'll be crumbling. All the cement that's been there in Crackings since 1976 will be, it will be complete destruction by the end of the night after Metallica plays. There might not be a second night. So I would only buy tickets for the first night because that building's not gonna survive another night. Yeah, yeah. Here in Montreal. John's saying, is there any update on the new metal church singer? No update yet. Alan, have you heard any updates? Alan hasn't even seen the cover of the new Metallica album. That'll church. No, I haven't heard. My money's on Robert Mason. He replaces everybody. Warrant, everybody. Robert Mason is, or our ever famous Ronnie Romero. There's a guy that plays with everybody and his uncle. Ronnie Romero, yeah. Ronnie Romero and Metal Church. Yeah, yeah. I don't know what I could see that happening. He had to leave the God-hard, he had to leave rainbow, he'd have to leave just too many of them. That's not the Ronnie, he's a working musician, he needs the bucks. Andrew Freeman is saying Perrin. Perrin's saying Andrew Freeman. I don't know, I wouldn't dig it with Andrew Freeman. He's too clean for Metal Church for me. It's not the voice. This is the second part of the show. He's more of a docking voice. Yeah, yeah. All right, that's it folks. Ronnie is in 10 bands. Yeah, I believe it. But give him a day, he might be in 11. Ripper Owens, what do you think? I like that Todd Michael Hall, what happened to him? Todd Michael Hall, he's good to sing. He can sing. Oh, Claudio, I like that suggestion. Yeah, Todd Michael Hall, he was on The Voice. I know. I don't know how long he lasted, but. You did good, man, but the problem with that is when you're older like us, no one takes you serious on The Voice, even if you have The Voice. They don't take any Metal guy serious on The Voice. Yeah, that's why we don't watch it. And you're better off watching the Metal Voice. That's right, we're not watching it. All right, that's it. I like that Todd Michael Hall. Good suggestion, Mr. John Cazuras. Nice one, Ray. All right, we're leaving. All right, bye, Nikta.


And who are you? My name is Erkyul Poirot and I'm probably the greatest detective in the world. Murder on the Orient Express. My name is Brennan Keith-Avery and this is just my opinion. Hey guys, I want to thank you so much for tuning in to my Opinion Slash Review for Murder on the Orient Express. I really do appreciate it, but before I get into the review, help your boy out. Go ahead and click that subscribe button, but calling one of my subscribers, click the bell as well so you can be notified when I do make uploads and also give me that thumbs up. Let's see if we can get this video to 100 likes. Now when the first trailer for this movie dropped a few months ago, I was really excited. I don't know why, but something was just really intriguing to me of trying to find out who is the murderer in this mystery on this train that's going to be taking place for the whole movie. And I don't know, I just got really excited about it. I got really even more excited about it when I found out that Kenneth Branagh was the director and I really do like him as the director and not only is he the director, he is the main star of this movie as Hercule Poirot. Now this is a period piece taking place in the 1930s, so of course you're going to see a lot of nice costume designs, a lot of music from back in the day that we don't hear in modern day and that really did intrigue me more. If you're familiar with Kenneth Branagh, you know that he did direct Cinderella that came out in 2015. I love that movie. My expectations for that movie was very low, but I end up being very impressed by it. He also directed Thor, the first Thor movie in the Marvel Cinematic Universe that came out in 2011. That movie of course was okay. If you look at some of my past videos, I talked about Thor a lot. He didn't come back for part two or part three. But those are two movies that he did direct. He also directed more movies as well. As far as his acting is concerned, he was the villain. I think it was Dr. Loveless in the 1999, what is it called, Will Smith and that other guy.  And he is an actor just as much as he is a director and in my particular taste I prefer him more as director. I just think he's his talent some more higher in that realm. He was also an actor or actor. He also played an important role as one of the generals in Dunkirk that came out earlier this year in the summer, which was directed by Christopher Nolan. But right now he is the director and he is the main star, like I said by the name. His character's name is Hercules Perot. And the best thing about this movie is his character. I freaking loved it. The guy is so peculiar. There's no detail that goes unoverlooked. I mean seriously, he gives new definition to the phrase finding a needle in the haystack because he can have 50 million haystacks and he will still find that needle. And that's like one of the best things about this movie, just being him and all the details that he follows.   And that may sound silly the way I'm describing it, but when you actually see it in the film, it really just brings a lot of light to his character. It's very funny and just kind of gets you on board early on before the film has even started. Now like I said, well let me tell you what the movie is about. I mean, I'm pretty sure you've heard about this movie before. This is the first adaptation from the novel because this movie is based off a novel based by Christie Agatha. And the first movie came out in 1974. There was also a 2001 TV film and then a 2010 episode from Agatha's Christie's Parole as well. I have not read any of the books or seen any of the past TV shows or films like this. And I didn't see it back in the past when I was coming up. But sometimes when films are adapted from books or films in the past, some people like to go and watch those old ones and so they can compare it to the new ones. That's not how I felt with this one. I wanted to go in fresh. I wanted to see exactly what was going on with this murder mystery. And that is what the movie is about. It is a murder mystery. There are a number of passengers on this train trying to go from destination A to destination B. And then there's a murder in the middle of the night.   And, you know, he's just trying to figure out who solved the murder. I mean, he's trying to solve who committed the murder before the train gets to its next stop. And there is a full star study cast.  Michelle Pfeiffer is in this as well. Just a number of high list A star actors in this movie. And that's just another thing that got exciting, that got me excited for this movie. Now, earlier in the beginning of this review, I told you that one of the things that I liked the best was Willem, not Willem Dafoe's, but Kenneth Branagh's character, Hercules Parole. You know, just because of all this silly mannerisms, what not? Unfortunately, with all with the rest of the cast, the rest of the cast is just not as interesting at all as much as Hercules. I mean, they're not interesting at all. I really don't care. I mean, they look nice in the costume designs and things like that. And they did look nice on screen. But, you know, if I were to take a pop quiz right now about each of their characters and what it was about and where they came from, I would probably fail miserably because just for some reason, the film did not do a good enough job of attaching me with this character. But like I said, they did look good in their costume designs. And the costume designs in this movie is not the only thing that looked good as well. The whole set of the train really did speak to me. And I did love going throughout the train, seeing every corridor, every corner from top to bottom of the whole train, every inch by inch and things that they were doing with the camera going through the train. I really did appreciate as well. And it just did a great job of pulling you into the scene and making you feel like you was really there.  And for some reason, that just didn't flow with me well. It kind of clocked me out of the movie and just kind of eliminated the illusion, reminding me that this is a movie.  So we have that graph right there. And also the rest of the cast is not as interesting as William. Not what I keep saying William Defoe, but Hercule, Perot and something else. While everything was great in the train, there was a number of shots outside the train as well as it's going through the mountains. And all of these scenes right here, it was blatantly obvious that it was CGI. And, you know, they didn't do a good job there. It just really looked fake. It did not look like, you know, you was really there on the inside. You felt that it was there, but on the outside, you know, it really did clock me out and I could tell that the train was fake. I can tell that the landscape was fake. I can tell that the mountains are fake. That was also a scene towards the end of the movie, which I don't want to spoil too much, but I would say it has to do with the cave.  It just kind of reminded me of like this set belonged on like a high school player or something like that. I don't understand how this can happen in a budget, you know, from 20th Century Fox because they're producing it. They could have done a lot of better job there, or maybe it could have been the directing from Kenneth Branagh. I'm not sure, but, you know, I didn't like everything outside of the train, but I did like everything inside of the train. And of course, the main reason why he sent this movie is because of the murder mystery. And as her kill parole, Kenneth Branagh is going throughout the train doing his investigations, trying to get to the bottom of who murdered this one individual, which I'm not going to spoil you here. That wasn't that interesting as well. And I found myself kind of bored in his interviews.  Why don't I care? And then towards the very end of the movie, when the big secret is revealed, I wasn't just like, oh, my gosh, I never saw that coming. I was just like, oh, OK, well, I guess that's it. You know, I don't know. It just for some reason, you know, this movie just didn't do it for me. I thought it was OK. I mean, I love the set design inside the train. And I love the costume design. I love her kill parole. But for the rest of the characters in this movie, they just didn't do it for me. And I didn't care about the investigation or the mystery in the end and the things on the outside of the train did clock me out as well. Just because I didn't care for too much doesn't mean that you won't. And if I were to rate murder on an oriented express, I would give this a 6.5 out of 10. Yes, a 6.5 out of 10. But guys, that's just my opinion. Have you seen murder on the Oregon Express or do you want to see it? Have I turned you on? Have I turned you off? Do you agree with me or do you disagree with me? Let me know in the comment section below. Let's get this conversation going and keep it flowing. If you like this video, go ahead and give me the thumbs up. And if you don't like the video, that's fine. Just give me a comment below why and still give me the thumbs up. Since you're watching this on YouTube, go ahead and subscribe to my YouTube channel so you can get all the content that I have to provide. You can also click the bell so you can be notified. I also have written reviews as well. You can check my website out at JustMyPin.net. You can bookmark it. I would really appreciate it. And guys, also look me up on social media, Facebook, Instagram and Twitter. All that good stuff is right there at the bottom of your screen. And I made it very easy for you guys by providing a link to all that good stuff down in the description box below. But guys, I just want to thank you again for tuning in to my opinion slash review for murder on the Oregon Express, starring and directed by Kenneth Branagh. And before you go, don't forget that my name is Brandon Keith Avery. And that's just my opinion. Peace.


I'd like to introduce our last speaker of the 21 Convention, DJ Fuji. He is a dear friend of mine. He was one of my very first wings. Back in San Diego, I don't know, six, seven years ago, we used to run around and get blown out together and have a lot of fun. So I've known this guy forever. He's an amazing speaker, amazing coach, four-time returning speaker to the 21 Convention. He's been featured in the 21 Convention documentary. He's been on VH1 on Dr. Phil, New York Times. He's the founder of the Tau of DJ Fuji. And you can find more about him on his site at TauofDJFuji.com. So help me welcome DJ Fuji. Austin, what's up? Outstanding, I'd like you all to join me on your feet and join me in a round of applause to your host, Robby. Robby Kramer, to your architects, Anthony Johnson, and to your staff. Thank you. Take your seats. Gentlemen, my name is DJ Fuji and I'm here for one reason and one reason only. And that is to give you the tools, the tactics, and the mindsets to achieve more success in your dating life, in your social life, in your personal life, in your career, and in your life as a whole. And I know that's not an easy thing to do. And we're going to do that by applying a few simple principles, but we have to implement. We have to take action.  So the first thing we're going to do is I actually want you guys to do something different than we normally do. I want you guys to take your notes and I want you to put it down. And I want you to take your laptops and I want you to close them. Because all the notes that you guys need, I already have on the website because I want you guys to actually listen. I want you to focus. Most people, when they listen or when they hear, what they're actually doing is thinking of how they can relate to it or thinking of what the next thing for them to say is or they're making movies in their mind. Most people aren't actually listening. Most people aren't observing, which is why any study or any, whenever they look at any kind of learning, what they find is that the most ineffective way to learn is what? Lecture. It's always, always, always the most ineffective way to learn because most people aren't really listening. So gentlemen, today I want you to actually listen. Let's get started. All right. First things first. I want everyone to sit up straight. If you're eyes on me. The training starts now and I want you guys to realize that your posture and your body language indicate your level of confidence. And maybe some of you aren't necessarily self-confident right now, but I want you to act as if, because the more you act as if you're confident, the more you will be confident. Second thing is when you go to that link later on, you're going to have to enter in a special code because there's going to be a special bonus for all of you guys. Okay. And that special code is going to be embedded in this speech somewhere. So pay attention and you'll find that. So the first thing everyone wants to know is who am I? And I say more importantly than that. It's not who am I, but who was I? Everyone here knows who am I right now, but very few people know who was I. Where did I come from? I know it's very common for speakers to go backwards and to go and say, you know, I wasn't always this guy. A lot of times before I was this guy. Well, I wish I had the pictures to show you what that guy looked like, but I was a smart that guy and I deleted all of them so there was no evidence. But what that guy, I'll give you guys a general idea. That guy was bad with women. That guy lacked confidence. That guy didn't know how to make friends. That guy didn't have any friends. That guy lived a life permeated by a single emotion and that was loneliness. And we can all say, okay, so I was lonely too in fifth grade and sixth grade. But I was lonely at 19 and 20. At 20 years old, I had never held the girl's hand. And I was in the Marine Corps at that point and I had never held a girl's hand. At 23, I started learning to meet women with Robbie. And at one point, I had reached over 300 consecutive rejections. When Robbie says we used to get blown up together, that's no underestimation. 300 consecutive and that was just the consecutive part. That wasn't the, I got one hook set and then the rest of it's good. And I spent a very long time, almost four years of continuous practice to overcome that obstacle. And I then dedicated the next four years of my life up to this point, giving back. Because if there's one thing that this industry and this idea of getting help with dating or this idea of self-improvement. If there's one thing that taught me, it was that whenever you feel like there's no light at the end of the tunnel and you keep pushing, it's usually around that next corner. It's usually at that next bend. And that's what I found. I found hope in this industry. I found hope that there was something I could do about this. Because every other avenue, every other advisor, every other person in my life said hey, you either have it or you don't. And I knew what that meant. It meant that I didn't have it. I didn't have it, so just accept your circumstances. Accept where you're at and accept it and move on and try to do something else. Get good grades, go play sports, go do something else because you didn't have it. And so when I found this and when I used this to change my life, I then realized my calling was to give back and to do exactly the same thing for other people that were in my situation. I look out at the audience there and I see a lot of guys at all different skill levels and all different points in their developments. And at each point, I remember exactly what that was like. I remember where you are right now because it wasn't that long ago that I was there. It seems long chronologically, but I look back and it seems like yesterday. Every one of those sticking points seems so familiar to me. Because I wake up, gentlemen, every single day. And I wake up and I look in the mirror and I think my lucky stars that all this is possible. I appreciate every day of my life. It's like waking up one day and realizing you don't have cancer. I appreciate everything because I worked so hard for it and because it was so bad before all this. So no matter where you're at, no matter where you are in your skill level, I want you to understand that no matter how bad it seems, it always has the potential to get better. There's always that light at the end of tunnel whether you see that or not. And a little bit about that is what we're gonna talk about. So a lot of people talk about success. A lot of people talk about success as a generic concept. Well, I want to define success, especially within the confines of dating and getting better and succeeding at dating. And a lot of people have very unrealistic ideas of success in dating. And a lot of people have very vague ideas and that's why it's so hard to accomplish that. Now I'll give you my personal idea of success when dating in my social life. Success in dating means never having to worry about being alone. That is the first and foremost. And you can say, well, I'm not alone so it's okay. I may be in a relationship so it's okay. But the moment that relationship ends, what do we all feel? God, we feel despair. We feel sadness, we feel loneliness, we feel despair. Why? Because somewhere in the back of all of our heads, there's that voice that says maybe you can't get something else.


Why is it important to rely on Du'a to prepare ourselves for the month? I think the first thing we need to do is actually our Du'a is. So Du'a, a prayer. And through Du'a, literally the only reason Du'a was there, firstly, Du'a is ibad as we all know. So number one is the act of ibad, the act of worship. Number two, it is direct conversation with Allah SWT. Therefore, when I have a conversation with you, I automatically become closer to you. The more we speak, the closer we get. So it's very similar with Allah SWT. The more we supplicate towards him, the more we talk directly to him, the closer we get. And I remember sitting with a Sheikh not too long ago, and he mentioned something that is relevant right now as well. We were talking about Imam Mehdi and our relationship with him. And actually this is what he said. He said, if every time we sit down off Salat Al Fajr, we talk directly to the Imam, we become closer to Imam Mehdi. So literally there's always, whenever there is direct conversation, we become closer. So one way in which we can prepare ourselves to become closer to Allah SWT is by talking to him directly.