So, welcome back having seen both these tables table 1 and table 2 and also understanding the basic references pressure and temperature with respect to table 1 and table 2. Let us now go ahead and let us see a phase change process at constant pressure with this we will be able to see two phases in equilibrium liquid and vapor process in equilibrium. So, at the same time we will see how to read properties from the steam tables. What we had seen till now are only the first two columns from the steam table, but now let us have a look at different properties that one can gather from the steam table. So, let us go back to our two dimensional phase diagram, pressure temperature diagram and pressure volume diagram and on these let us show a constant pressure process. So, pressure being on the y axis any constant pressure process would look like a horizontal line in this diagram. So, phase change at constant pressure would look like this and I am showing for understanding sake this pressure is 0.10142 MPa which is atmospheric pressure and therefore, this is where the water boils and here I will go from L to V region and therefore, my LV saturation line comes into picture. So, I may go from some L region some point over here corresponding to temperature which will be less than 100 degree centigrade and then I will start heating it and therefore, the temperature will increase and I would land up somewhere in vapor region or gas region depending on whatever temperature I want to achieve while heating the water and the vapor here. Similarly, if I show the same thing on a PV diagram I get a horizontal line, but when I go from liquid to vapor I pass here by through a two phase region or I go through the dome and in this dome what lies is liquid plus vapor two phase mixture alright. So, let us now show an animation of a process where we try to supply heat to water and let us see what happens to this water. So, what you see here now is a temperature volume diagram because it is convenient to show on a temperature volume diagram when the pressure is maintained constant. So, pressure here is 0.10142 MPa and this is temperature and 100 degree centigrade it what is the boiling point of water at atmospheric pressure at 0.10142 MPa and now here is my experimental setup. You can see here there is a small beaker and I have got water in this which is shown by this blue tinge medium here which is water and I got something to heat this some heat supply some flame that will come over here and this is water maintained at one atmosphere and 20 degree centigrade we know at this temperature and at this pressure water is in liquid state and this is the temperature this is thermometer over here. Now what I want to do because I want to have this process at constant pressure I have maintained here something like a piston on this top when I go on supplying heat to this liquid the pressure inside will increase but in order to maintain that pressure constant I will increase the volume over here. So, when I increase the volume the pressure I will maintain the pressure as one atmosphere and thereby I will say this phase changes happening at constant pressure having such a piston on this water I will try to maintain this pressure equal to atmospheric pressure. Alright now I will start this experiment which is shown in the animation format over here and because we start at 20 degree centigrade one atmosphere I will start something from this region which is actually sub cooled water region alright single phase sub cooled water region. So, let us start this experiment and have a look at what happens on a VT diagram or TV diagram at the same time look at what is happening on the right side where the experiment is being carried out. So, you can see this is my 0.1 which is the initial position and I have started heating this water this is the flame that is coming over here and you can see this water right now you can see that it has reached 0.2 and this is the phase change at constant temperature which is 100 degree centigrade and you can see this piston is going up now in order to maintain the same pressure as 100 degree centigrade. Now at 0.4 is the complete conversion of water to the vapor region and I am going beyond that now and I am heating it up to let us say 300 degree centigrade alright and this is my final point which is at around 300 degree centigrade approximately shown in this diagram. So, what I have done I have heated this water which was shown earlier in the blue color went from sub cooled liquid went up to 100 degree centigrade which was heating of this water at constant pressure and then at 0.2 the phase transformation started at 100 degree centigrade wherein I had liquid plus vapor region staying together they were in equilibrium and this 100 percent liquid at 0.2 became 100 percent vapor at 0.4 during this phase change process from 234 the temperature remained constant of course the pressure is always maintained constant here and at 0.4 suddenly temperature started increasing from 100 degree centigrade up to 300 degree centigrade which is the point at 5 and this is what is a process would look like when I heat water heating is done at constant pressure alright so this is what a phase change at constant pressure would look like as shown in this figure and in this experiment. Now I am showing here isothermal and isobaric lines the isobaric line we have just seen that on temperature and volume diagram TV diagram and this was our isobaric process at atmospheric pressure same process is shown here on a PV diagram which comes as a horizontal line is not it because the pressure is maintained constant it goes from a single phase region to two phase region and then goes up to in a single phase region again you can see one more constant pressure now if I increase the pressure from let us say 1 atmosphere to 10 atmosphere correspondingly again I can see atmospheric pressures being increased to some higher point the boiling point will correspondingly change and this is how the constant pressure lines would look on a TV diagram what you see here also are the constant temperature lines so isothermal lines would look on a PV diagram like this we can see temperature remains constant and these lines go like this alright so this is how the isothermal line would be seen on the PV diagram and isobaric lines have shown on a TV diagram thank you very much.


Now I'm going to say good morning, good afternoon, good evening wherever you may be across the planet around the world. My name is Greg Prescott from N5D.com. It's a little windy out here right now. We are looking live at Ciske Beach. Good morning, good afternoon, good evening. Now I'm going to say to Deanna Buck, morning, good afternoon, good evening. So as you can tell, the beach is picking up here. I'm seeing more and more people here. The water color looks great. It's windy out today but air temperature is fantastic. It's probably 80 out. So the breeze is welcome. Right now you're looking at the main beach here at Ciske. And up there they have the drum circles. Up there at the Green Lifeguard House is my buddy Scooter. If you're not familiar with Scooter, he does a beach report every day. Let's go take a walk up there. So yeah, his Facebook page is called Scooter of the Beach. So if you're looking for a beach report here, this is the guy to go to. 69 degrees water temperature. Say hello to everybody on Facebook, Scooter. What's up my brothers and sisters. Get your gear and get on down here. I'll see you at the beach. Right on. Definitely come on down here. This is the place to go right here too. Green Lifeguard House. Scooter. Awesome dude. So yeah, you can check out his Facebook reports every day. Sometimes he does them twice a day with the water color. So much better. The air temperature says it's about 79. Water temperature according to Scooter's truck board says 69. But if you check out the water temperature on this one website, Moat, in the later afternoon around four o'clock, they record the beach towers report the water temperature when they come on at 10 o'clock. But by four o'clock, I've seen it up to 73 degrees for the water temperature. So it is warming up. The days are getting longer by two minutes each day, a minute in the morning and a minute at night in the evening. So I just want to talk to you guys a little about the energies that are going on once again. Now many of you have seen that Schumann Resonance Whiteout that we had a few days ago. And that was pretty impressive. 24 hours of Schumann Whiteout. But there's something else going on right now. I only told one other person about this. And it was about two weeks ago that I had this vision of the sun shooting concentric rings of energy toward the planet. Now, I know there's a lot of people out there that are still feeling. It's almost like Schumann Resonance Hangover, but it's not. It's much more than that. There's something else that's going on, some kind of energy that's coming in, whether that be from the sun or the central sun or from the galactic center. Something else is going on. Myself, I cannot sleep at night. I'm having the hardest time falling asleep. And when I do, even in the daytime, as a matter of fact earlier today, I lay down at 12 o'clock just to take a nap, ran a bunch of errands today and got a lot of stuff done. But I lay down to take a nap. I woke up 20 minutes later. It felt like I slept for eight hours. So I apologize for the wind. You guys probably can't hear me very well. Or that way, but I'm walking this way. So it's gonna have to be. Let me just check out the comments. Yes, it is busy today. We are officially in season right now, Debbie. Oh my gosh, five inches of snow for Kerry. I'm sorry. Unless that's what you want, then I'm happy for you. Jen is saying, way too many people. Well, you know what? This is what I do though. When I do my love bubble meditation, I send out loving healing energy from my heart center, along with my entire posse. We spread it out as far as we can throughout the planet, galaxy, universe, multiverse and omniverse. But they're basically all getting a direct download. So there are a lot of people and I'm an introvert. But this is the energy work that anyone could do at any time. So Debbie's saying she can't sleep, only short naps. Yup. Me too. Yes, that was an efficient nap, Natasha. Power nap. Karen's asking, how's the smell? There is no smell. Beach is cleared up. There's no red tide. People are actually swimming. Water's warming up. And I think they came by and picked up all the seaweed that we had the other day. Elsie is saying she doesn't sleep deeply anymore, like she used to. Could not sleep at all in the daytime. Try to take a nap. Yeah. Well, it's funny. I used to sleep like a rock until my daughter was born. And then as soon as she was born, as soon as she would just like go, or anything, any sound that she'd make while she was sleeping, I would wake up instantly. She's 24 years old. Turns 25 this year. And 25 years later, I'm still having a hard time sleeping. But it's even worse now with these energy waves coming in. And as I mentioned, there's something more going on other than this human resonance. Maga's saying I'm getting a lot of lucid dreams and visions of UFO sightings. Very nice. Ice storm in Chicago. So, you know, all over the United States, there's a lot of nasty weather going on. A lot of rain coming in from the Pacific coast, dragging up through Texas, all up the Atlantic Seaboard, kind of bypassing us. Those clouds are further south from us. Now we're looking east and that's the North. Just another beautiful day on Siesta Key. Today's high-pitched frequency is in the key of the, which is the crown chakra. So if anyone is having tingling sensations in the crown chakra area, now you know why. The planet represented by this high-pitched frequency is Jupiter. Guys, probably now, unless you're just tuning in for the first time. Been on a, and I started on January 22nd. And so far, I'm all down to 202 right now. I was 224, so I've lost 22 pounds since January 22nd. So about a month, 22 pounds. I'm pretty happy with that. Trying to get rid of this right here. The love handles. But slowly it's going away. My original goal was 199, 25 pounds. So I'm only probably readjust that to 189. Once I hit that, and I expect to hit that in the next week, maybe a week and a half. But basically all I'm doing is a protein diet. No bread, no sugar. But just once in a while, going off the diet every one, maybe one day, every two weeks, and just eating whatever the heck I want and living life. And that's okay. I recommend that anyone that's on a diet do that, unless you have certain diet, dietary restrictions that you're not allowed to. But yeah, I mean, if you're on a diet and you're craving pasta or Italian bread, pierogies, something that is not on your diet, I say, you know, for one meal every two weeks, not necessarily the whole day, but for one meal, do it. Enjoy life. Enjoy that meal. And don't worry about what the scale says the next day, you will lose it. What I'm taking right now, the supplements, I take three capsules of Garcinia Camposia twice a day. Two capsules of apple cider vinegar twice a day. Also taking magnesium once a day. Zinc once a day. Turmeric one capsule twice a day. I see Rosie Neal's calling right now. Hey Rosie, I'm online. If you watch me online, I'll give you a call. I can't obviously answer right now. But those are basically the supplements I'm taking. And as I mentioned, I'm not eating any bread, no sugar. It's really simple diet. I was just reading an article and I meant to post it on my personal Facebook page about a person who had Alzheimer's and she's regaining her memory now because all she did was change her diet. So if I can find that article, I'll post it. It's huge what you put into your body and how healthy or unhealthy it makes us. In my situation, I've got the belly going on and I've got to lose more there. But most of us, especially men, that's where we carry the weight is in our tummies and a lot of that is from gluten, wheat or beer. Same thing. You know, the hops from beer, I guess would do the same thing as bread. But we get that beer belly or that gluten belly, the Buddha belly. I find it interesting that in Italy, they don't have that issue, but in Italy, they don't use GMOs. All the good day leaders. I have this weight issue that we have here and their wheat is organic.  Good shout out to everyone that's joining me here. Just picking up somewhere in the middle here, Brenda, Tammy, Rhonda, Maureen, Ashley, Aaron, Maria. I'm gonna say good afternoon, good morning, good evening, wherever you may be. Yeah, that's true.  I think this month I've lost in the 20 days this month, like maybe seven pounds or eight pounds in the 22. Debbie say maybe I'll find Mrs. Wright, maybe. I'm sure she's out there somewhere. Aw, thank you, Kelly. It says looking lovely and healthy, my friend. I appreciate that. Debbie says having an orange right now. An orange beer? I thought that was after where she says beer. Yeah, that's one thing I miss. It's fruit. Can't have fruit on my diet. I'm gonna say Jan, Kirk, Bethany, Paula, Carol. Kelly says using MTC oil, Alzheimer's with great results. That's awesome. Thank you for sharing that. Stacy Leclerc, best dentist in Florida has joined us. Kendra is saying I'll be there Friday night. Awesome. Be sure to check out the Jump Circle on Sunday. Oh, the diet change is just a life choice. Everyone's perfect and beautiful exactly the way they are. You know, you don't have to do a diet if you're not feeling it. Some of the women I admire the most on the beach are the larger ladies that are out there wearing a bikini and saying, screw all y'all. I don't care. This is me, love me, or hate me. They have that confidence to go out there and that love of themselves to go out there and say, this is me. And I'm comfortable in the meat soup that I'm in because that's all it is. It's a meat soup. Now, I'm choosing this for health reasons. Yeah, it's nice to get rid of the tummy, but I'm also doing other things too. I'm working out three times a week. I'm going for these walks every day, sometimes twice a day. And I'm doing a lot of work while I'm doing this. Of course, I do my walk of gratitude while I do this. I do the love bubble meditation, but I'm also working on myself as well. As I've mentioned many, many times, one of the most important things that we can do right now is ground, especially with all the turmoil that's going on around the world.  And I guarantee they all have one thing in common. They're not grounding. So no matter if it's snowing where you are in Chicago or raining in Virginia, get out there and ground. Sandcastle going on over there. So all up and down midnight pass road, you have all these condos that are right on the beach and goes all the way down there. And at the end, there's a seawall. And right around the seawall are the best shells on CSQ Beach, but right before the seawall is where they shoot that reality show, CSQ. Followers, I think Debbie's asking, what's a good motel to stay at in my area? That's a good question, especially this time of the year. It's really expensive. We're in season right now and they jack the prices up in season. It's not going to be cheap. So I honestly don't know. It's not going to be cheap though. That's the only thing I can tell you. Something here on the beach is probably going to be really expensive. I'm very, very fortunate. Where I live, I got a really, really, really, really good deal from a couple that bought the house here on CSQ, back in gosh 1960 something. And now they live in a mansion down towards Turtle Beach and they're giving me a really good deal. And I'm so grateful. But today's plan is got more work to do later on, but I'm going to go play some guitar on the beach, enjoy the sunshine and the water, and do a little bit more grounding. So if you ever see me stop like this, you'll see my shadow down there. I'm looking at the screen because it's basically the only way I can see the screen. So I'm not showing you any other amazing sights on the beach. My pleasure. Jetsan, you're an inspiration for too many. Thank you for supporting the larger ladies. We are all beautiful. That's the truth. Friend Paige. Hi, Paige. For those just tuning in, you're looking live at CSQ Beach. Water looks great. Water color is great. Got some wind blowing. Air temperature is about 80, 81. Water temperature at 10 o'clock was 69, but when I'm walking in the water, it feels warmer than that. I would say probably about 72 right now. So it's warming up every day. Every day the day is getting a little bit longer. Hiya, Bella. The beach is amazing, Bella. Until Brittany, I need some kind of confirmation on when she would like to come. I would love to have her down here. So I'm probably going to leave it off at that right now. Enjoy these energy waves that are coming in. As I mentioned, I had a vision where there's concentric rings coming from the sun onto the planet right now, and they're just coming and they're just bam, bam, bam. Something more is going on other than the Shuman residents. Other people have noticed this as well. So pay attention to what's going on around you because we're in the midst of something that is huge. So as I mentioned, I'll probably leave it off at that. I'll give you guys maybe a minute or two after I sign off to enjoy the beach with me. But until the next time, this is Greg from N5D.com and Zantasia.com, sending you all infinite love and light. Peace.


The study investigates the prevalence and associated factors of self-reported symptom-based depression in a national sample of older South Africans who participated in the study of global aging and adult health, Sage Wave 1, in 2008. The results show that functional disability, lack of quality of life, and chronic conditions such as angina, asthma, arthritis, and nocturnal sleep problems are associated with self-reported depression symptoms in the past 12 months. These findings suggest that self-reported depression in older South Africans is a public health problem that requires appropriate interventions to reduce occurrence. The identified protective and risk factors can be used to guide interventions and formulate public health care policies to improve quality of life among older adults. This article was authored by Karl Pelzer and Nancy for Swannamafuja.


Our next speaker will be Jose Peliguas Guerra from the University of England and the title of the talk is The Tweet Unconceited Time Emancipation Random Walks. Thanks a lot. Go ahead, Jose. Okay, I'm going to share my screen. Do you see my screen now? Not yet. Not yet. Okay, now do you see it? Nope. Now it's working, yeah. Okay, excellent. Okay, so the title of my talk is Discrete and Continuous Time Emancipation Random Walks. My full name is Jose Peliguas Guerra, but you can call me Peri, P-E-R-R-Y. Okay, so I'm from the theoretical physics group of the National Institute of Physics. It's the physics department of the main campus of the University of the Philippines. As of early this year, there were five PhD faculty in the group. In this talk, I only have two key points. The first point is there are contexts where death or mortality or evanescence of random walkers or diffusers play a major role. And the second point is many methods used to analyze systems involving immortal walkers can be modified so that they can be used to describe systems involving mortal or evanescent random walkers. Okay, so the key feature of a mortal random walk or an evanescent random walk is finite walker lifetime. In the traditional random walks we teach, there is an implicit assumption that these random walkers live forever. But in reality, there are contexts where we have to consider a finite lifetime of a random walker.  Okay, now random walks can be discrete time random walks. You can have continuous time random walks. Now in the case of evanescent random walkers, one can make further subcategories.  In step-coupled random walks that can only occur at the moment of stepping. For example, you can have walkers that have a finite probability of being absorbed or converted into an inert species by the substrate. Every time they step from one site to another. As for the step-independent evanescent random walker, the most obvious example will be the radioactive decay of a diffusing isotope. So these isotopes can die, quote-unquote, at any moment. So that's my first point. So my next point is many methods used to analyze systems involving immortal walkers can be modified so that they can be used to describe systems involving mortal or evanescent random walkers. In the end, the rest of time, I'll only discuss one example. Specifically, I'll discuss work done with an undergraduate student. So the goal was to solve some problems involving mortal, biased, continuous time random walks. But in order to arrive at results for mortal, biased, continuous time random walks, we had to start with the traditional, with the classic random walk which we call immortal, biased discrete time random walk. And then we have to account for the finite lifetime. So that's why we have to deal with mortal bias, discrete time random walk, and then we have to account for the fact that the time between steps did not be a constant. So first let me go through the immortal, discrete time random walk in some detail. Okay, so we wish to calculate the following. The average number of visited sites as a function of time, the time-dependent return probability, the eventual return probability, and the conditional mean return time. Okay, so here's the notation. We have a bias parameter x, and so what that means is the probability of stepping to the right is r equals 1 plus x divided by 2. The probability of stepping to the left is 1 minus x divided by 2. And then we have some pretty standard notation for the probability of finding a walker at site s at time n given that it was at site s prime at time m. And then we have the notation for the probability that the random walker that started site s0 at time 0 reaches site s for the first time at step s and this is the first passage probability. And then we have delta n, which is the expected number of new sites visited on the n step. Sn is the expected number of sites, of distinct sites visited by the n step. So one can think of Sn as the sum of delta 0 plus delta 1 plus delta 2 of the delta n. Then you have r2n, the probability that the random walker returns for the first time to the origin at step 2n. Script r, the eventual return probability, and big D, the conditional mean return time. We use generating function methods. So here C is some sort of a bookkeeping parameter. And we can, and here we have the generating function for the expected number of distinct sites visited. And all the information for step 0, step 1, step 2, step n is summarized in this function. Now Sn is just the sum of the delta j's. So again delta j is the expected number of new sites visited on the j step. So we can manipulate this so that we can rewrite this expression for the generating function for the expected number of sites visited in terms of delta j. Now, how do you calculate the expected number of new sites visited at step j? Well, it turns out that it's possible to calculate the first pass, it's possible to calculate the first passage probabilities. If you sum over all the first passage probabilities on the end step, then you get delta n. And by convention delta 0 is 1. And what that means is we can get a generating function for the average number of new sites visited and express it in terms of the generating function for the first passage time, summed over all sites. Okay, now for a homogeneous random walk, it turns out that there's a relation between the generating function for the first passage probability and the generating function for the occupation probability. Okay, now if we combine all the insights we had from the four previous slides, it will turn out that one can express the generating function for the expected number of new sites visited in terms of the generating function for the occupation probability. Okay, now the probability of generating function associated with the probability of returning, and this is the p of 0 c over here, and this allows us to get the generating function for the expected number of distinct sites visited. And could you press hide on this thing that you have on the bottom? Yeah, so we can see on the screen, yeah. Okay, now is that okay? Yeah, perfect, perfect. Okay, okay. Yes, because now, so from the generating, sorry. Can you go back? Yes, okay. Another one? Another one back? Okay, yes, back? Another one back? Yeah, here, here, because we couldn't see the formula in red. Yeah, the next one. Okay, the next one. Yeah, next. One more, one more. Yeah, this formula was... Yes. This was... The previous one, the formula in red. Or you want to return to the previous one? It's the previous slide. Oh, yes. Yes, yes. So this is the generating, so this is the generating function for the expected number of distinct sites visited by step n. So if you... So in principle, if you take the Taylor series expansion of this, you can... And take the coefficients of c to the n, you get Sn. Okay, so after this, what we can do is we consider a specific random walk. So for example, I consider the bias random walk and I look for the probability and I look for the... It's possible to calculate the probability that it will return to the origin on the n-step. Okay, this is a simple binomial distribution. We get the generating function by multiplying everything by c to the 2n and take the sum and you eventually get this expression for the return probability and therefore the generating function of the return probability. Now you substitute this. So this PS0xc is the P0xc over here. And we substitute and we end up with an expression for the generating function for the survival for the number of distinct sites visited. So if we expand this in powers of c and read off the coefficients, we get the expected number of sites visited after one step, which is of course true because at the 0th step, it was at the origin. At the first step, it could have gone to the right or to the left. So you have S1 equals 2. Okay, and then you can calculate specific values for... Okay, this is the expected number of distinct sites visited by the 7th step. So take note that if there is no bias, all you get is this constant. See, 35 over 8, 65 over 6. The effect of bias is captured in the x squared, x to the 4th, and x to the 6th terms. Okay, so it's possible to calculate the first return probabilities. We have just passed the 11 minutes, so try to wrap up. Okay, so that's the first return probability. And okay, so for the immortal discrete time random walks, we have an expression for the eventual return probability. It's that one. And for the conditional mean, return time. Now for the bias, evanescent discrete time random walk. The parameters are very similar except that there's an asterisk to denote the evanescent quantities. And the main feature is to relate the evanescent quantities to the immortal quantities. So rough end is the number of surviving walkers by step and rough zero is the initial number of walkers. So you can put everything there and you can get an expression for the eventual return probability and the conditional mean return time. And it turns out that you can also get an expression for the generating function for the number of visited sites. Now, where you have an exponential decay of the number of random walkers. So, okay, you follow very similar steps. And eventually you end up with this expression for the generating function of the expected number of statistic sites visited. That's a generating function. And you get these expressions for the expected number of sites visited, say by the fifth step, fourth step, and so on. We can still calculate the first return probabilities and the conditional mean return time. Now, if we want to convert that discrete time random walk into a continuous time random walk, what we have to do is to calculate the probability that the walker stepped exactly end times by time t. And we get the Laplace transform of that and we can get the average number of sites visited by time t. As some sort of a weighted average, we take the Laplace transform of this and eventually what this says is you have almost exactly the same formula as for the discrete time random walk. But every time you see, you replace it with the Laplace transform size wiggle of you. Okay, and eventually we get this formula for the Laplace transform and we get the probability for an event less than CTRW to return to its starting point at time t. And we can calculate the eventual return probability and the conditional mean return time. If we consider an exponential weighting time distribution, it's possible to get this explicit expressions for the expected number of sites visited by time t. And what we expect as t approaches infinity. We can calculate the eventual return probability. So what we have done is to show that it's possible to calculate quantity such as the average number of visited sites, eventual return probability and conditional mean return time with just a little addition to the manipulations for the classic random walks. We have done some other related work within the group dealing with evanescent random walks. And these are the next steps. Okay, we have an idea how to do the next steps. We don't have any idea how to do this next next steps. So thank you very much for listening. Thanks a lot for this very interesting talk. So we have four minutes for questions. I have a, can I? Of course. Perry, thanks for your talk.  Well, okay. I think in my second or third slide, I mentioned connections to say, connections to the diffusion of say, radioactive isotopes and so on. But I don't have data now. But the original motivation for evanescent random walks is chemical reactions where, as long as you have something that's diffusing and part of it disappears, essentially you can use this evanescent random walk as a framework. So it's been shown to work for, to fit experimental data well. I guess as well. Yeah, well, I think that was the original context. And now we're trying to make it abstract and try to see what happens if we look at things in the discrete space setting. I see. Okay. Thanks. Okay. Any more questions? Well, I have a question. Okay. Because I'm not familiar with the field. I'm from completely other field, but something I'm curious about is what is the part that was known before your investigation? I mean, what part of this? Well, I think the symmetric case was dealt with already. And in this example, what we did was to consider the effect of bias in the random walk. And of course, the big difference between the biased and the unbiased random walk is so an unbiased random walk, a bias random walk that's not biased is expected to return eventually to the origin. Random walk that's biased is not expect is not always expect does not has a probability less than one of you will expect qualitatively different. Additionally, if we talk about the unbiased random walk, the average return time turns out to be infinite. In the case of the biased random walks. Of course, the average is infinite because some of the walkers will never return. But if we consider only a conditional average, meaning we average only over all those random walkers that eventually return, you get a finite value. So what we did in addition to that is we studied how things will turn out to be different if we consider the in addition to the fact that the random walkers can die before they manage to return. Okay, thanks a lot. It was an interesting day. And I give you an applause in the name of everyone. Okay. Thank you very much. Thank you. Thank you.


U. F. C. 274 Charles R. L G. G. For the U. F. C. L main event, Olivera is a money line, whereas Justin Brian, who do you have win I'm actually going to roa by knockout, which as of that plus 200 was plus 2 that's important to know. even though I tend to le fighters in these sort of clashes rather. Justin Ga fighters as we've seen wit Tony Ferguson hasn't been t saw him handle Michael chan be on this card not too lo with him by knockout. Um a going to catch him potenti I'm also looking at Gaichi one through three, which right now. If you think i a little bit later because surprisingly in his career past round three. So plus think Gaichi will get a la three through five. So S you think? Well, Charles that he's got one of the of the U. F. C. And that's the fight. Don't sleep on though, because he's got took.  He took some major hits a the unanimous decision. Bu around to this fight. I th be able to get Justin Gaichi once he does, I think it' rap.  And that's on this card. This card i Brian, let's head over now title fight Rose Nama Unes on the money line as of t is a minus 220 as far as do you see this fight go know this is a rematch o U. F. C. Strawway chan place in 2014, in which beat Rose Nama Unes with Rose Nama Unes has gotten a lot better. Um and I ha Um and I'm actually gonna bet here rose by knockout 140. That was minus 120 e So hopefully that that lev he had a little bit more v sprinkle on rose. Just a 380. Carla as far as th last five, but three of t decision victories and Rose I've said has gotten a lot to try to out box her and she's gotten so much bett as of late. And I think sh in the world right now a again. You mentioned it Nama Unes. If she wins t about it. She's the best the entire world in this about the first fight. I is going to get her red her last fight against Y as far as the show that was elite. She got the st good against her. But as She's gotten better. As y that she's a dangerous s she's going to make sure a very good victory agai about a classic finish. I to get the TKO KO victori 380 right now because as striker and her grappling we know that as far as I think Rose Nama Unes has going to avenge that loss and if you actually look against Zeng Wei Li and t in that first fight, I b where she got the stoppage So I think that Rose Nama to get the KO TKO victu and I'm going to be bett this one. I remember peop do it with Fandall Sports enjoy the weekend and we'


We have many of our family and friends around the world, many people in our community that are going through trials, tribulations and in particular there is one young sister from our community who is very unwell. Let's join each other in da'a and ask for her very quick shafa'a. In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful, the Most Merciful, the Most Merciful. In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful, the Most Merciful. All praise is due to Allah, Lord of the worlds. All praise is due to Allah, Who guided us to this and we were not guided if not guided by Allah. And the prayer is sent upon the most honorable prophets and the righteous. Sayyidin Al-Mumajj Al-Bashir Al-Musaddakh Al-Mustafa Al-Amjad Al-Mahmoud Al-Ahmad Al-Qasim Al-Muhammad Wa ala ahli baytahi t'ayyabin Al-Tahilin Al-Masumin Wa ala ala Allah wa ala dhalimina min al-awwalina wa al-akhirin Amma Ba'ad, Qala Imam Al-Hujj Aleyhi Al-Salam Allahumma, inni asaluka qalilam min kathirin ma'a hajitin b ileyhi awheema Wa ghinaaku anhu qadim, wahoo andi kathir wahoo aleyka sahlun yaseen Allahumma, inna afwaka anzambi, wa tajawuzaka ankhatii Wa safhaka anzulmi, wa sitraka alaqabihi amali Wa halmaka ankathir julmi, indama kana min khatai Amdi wa atma'nifi an asaluka ma la astawjibuhu min salawat Awaited Sabia, Imam al-Zamanah My respected teachers, elders, brothers and sisters Salamu alaikum jami'an wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh In this section of the da'ad, iftitah, in which the Awaited Sabia, Imam al-Hujj, Al-Jalallahu ta'ala, Farja Al-Sharif Commences this part. He starts by demonstrating his relationship with Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala Through a modality of mentioning the grandiosity In terms of how much Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala can afford to a human being Both in terms of the qualities of volume But also demonstrating the need of the quality of the worship as well Here the Imam states Allahumma inni asaluka qaleelam min kathirin ma ahajitin bi ilayhi azeema That my Lord, Allahumma inni asaluka, I ask you Qaleelam min kathirin ma ahajitin bi ilayhi azeema I ask you for a small amount from a very vast amount For the needs that I have And the fact that I'm asking for this in such a manner I recognize I am the one in need But indeed that this is nothing to you It is nonexistent to you When I ask and I seek from you this small amount in volume From the vast that you have It is nothing in the fact It's nothing that you can't even do without If you give it to me It's not that you can't do without it And that you are giving and by virtue Your stockpile will be diminishing But also I recognize that for me to obtain that very same thing It causes a titanic effort for me to put in To try to obtain such a thing Whereas for you it is so simple And it is so easy for you And then he continues Allahumma inna afwuka an zamdi Wata jaa wazuka an khatiiati Wa safhaka an zulmi Wa sitraka an kabihi anali I recognize my Lord that when I seek from you And I ask for forgiveness for my sins And I ask you to overlook the evil deeds that I have done And that you show me leniency to my ill conduct I recognize the fact that you give me these things It encourages me to seek more from you And to ask from you Because I have the confidence that you will overlook my faults You will overlook my weaknesses And the steps that I have taken within this world Having said this my Lord I continue in the da'a I continue and I recognize That there is no Lord like you I recognize that despite this There is no Lord, no Master like you Who is able to be so generous And at the same time someone who is supposed to be so patient Upon a la'eem like me A la'eem in the Arabic language Means a criminal But the type of criminal who will be willing to do any sort of crime There is no limit Some criminals who will say Well I am only a thief I will only go into a house and I will steal This is the limitation of my sin And then there will be another criminal Who will say Well I will go and do something greater I will go and do murder for example When I am saying I am saying that you are such a Lord You are such a Master You are one who is so generous You are one who is so patient upon the person Who knows no boundaries in his level of sin There is no curtailing what I do Ya Rabbi In this situation I recognize that you are constantly calling me And I am the one who is rejecting you You are the one who shows me unabounding love Whilst I am the one who shows you hatred and anger This is the section of the da'a When the Imam speaks on these matters There are huge, huge levels of depth That the Imam wants us to understand And to take away from this section of the da'a Arguably this section of the da'a Is the most spiritually orientated part of the da'a Because previously Not only am I speaking to Allah SWT In a manner that begins the da'a In recognition of him But also I am engaging in my loneliness But in this particular facet of the da'a I am engaging in another level of loneliness I am now actually saying to my Lord That I recognize that I am so small and insignificant Without you there is nothing I am capable of doing And indeed, despite my incapability Despite my recognition of your superiority I continue to act in a manner that objects against you But despite this I know that you are the one who is going to give me You have given me confidence in coming to you And therefore the manner in which I seek from you Is key in this discussion We want to focus as much as possible Insha'Allah tonight On this opening line of this da'a Allahumma inni asaluka Qaleelam min kathirin ma ahajatin bi ilahi azeema O my Lord, when I ask Allahumma inni asaluka I recognize I am asking for something Which is so small and insignificant But yet you have that which is so vast And I am indeed desperately in need Of this little bit that I am seeking from you When I ask from you It's nothing to you It doesn't exist It's not hard for you It doesn't cause you any difficulty to give it to me But indeed if I need it When I seek it It is a titanic effort for me to go and get this Whereas for you it is so easy and simple for you How do we understand this? When the Imam alaihi salatu was-salam Talks about this matter of simplicity And ease and nothing We understand that Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala Is the one of course Who says in Quran-e-Majid On a number of occasions That he only needs to say to a thing B and it is Kun fayakun Of course when we understand this It doesn't mean literally That he has to say to something Kun fayakun He doesn't need to say B In order for it to become That of course will be a limitation For Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala But this has been put At the level of humanity So that we understand How simple a task is For Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala That there are no restraints No restrictions upon him Arguably the best explanation Tafsir of this line of da'a Comes in sermon number one Of Nahjab al-Aghah Given to us by the commander of the faithful Ali ibn Abi Al-Qalib In his ultimate description Of Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala He talks that Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala There is no human No calculation that can really Fathom his greatness Then he comes onto the section In which he describes The creation of this universe He talks therein about The creation of the angels And the creation of Adam Ali ibn Abi Al-Qalib And all of these different sections In one of the earliest sections He talks about the creation of the universe He says when Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala Created, he created creation Most initially He created creation most initially And in doing so He didn't have to go through Any reflection of the mind He didn't have to test the waters He didn't have to go and see Whether this experiment would be correct And then alter his creation And then change it for the betterment He created creation most initially He did not go through any reflection of the mind What does this mean? It means that when you assess All of creation From what we might describe Is the most simple of creation Such as the amoeba The single-celled organism Up to the most loftiest And grand list of creations Whatever that might be There was no need for Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala To test or experiment Any part of that creation Let us look at this from a scientific manner For just a minute If I am ill I know straight away that there are These antibodies within me That will fight whatever illness Is within me If I cut myself The cells will already go towards The place in which I am cut In order to stop the bleeding If I look at the most awesome of creation If I see the intricacies of DNA If I look at all facets of creation Be it how Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala Has made the system of nature How every single organism Or how every single creature Is reliant upon each other Up until the top of the food chain Or how every single creation Is embroiled Embedded upon the system Of all parts of the rest of nature I recognize that every part of nature Is constructed within itself When I look outside And I see all of the seasons When I see how there are turtles In their hundreds Thousands that will recognize it On one day within the calendar year They must climb upon one particular island In order to go and try and give birth To those eggs cover them up And then return back into the sea Only to return exactly the same day The next year But when I multiply this perfection By every single creature I recognize that Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala Created all of this in his perfection But without testing any of it There was no pre-planning involved There was no writing down and saying I will make this creature do this And by virtue it will impact this creature And by virtue this will be the opportunity For this creature It was nothing but Qun fa yakoon Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala Does this all within his glorious nature And it is nothing but simplicity And ease for him Now when I say I really begin to fathom his greatness My lord I seek from you just a little bit From the vast amount that you have Because I am such desperate need of it For you it is so simple Look at what you have created my lord It didn't take for you to experiment It didn't take for you to pre-plan It didn't mean that you went and saw That creation was wrong and you adjusted it All of this was so easy for you It was nothing for you Having then conceived Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala in this light What am I really asking for My lord I am asking for a little bit The reality is that all of this In the physical And the metaphysical domain Is easy for Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala The whole universe is easy for him Indeed the heavens And the hell is easy for him as well Meaning When I am asking from Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala For a little bit from him The reality is that for me It is all encompassing Because for him it is so small And so simple So thus it is the entire universe I am asking for everything And anything that is worthy Of coming to me as a human being Because the little to me Is everything to him It is so simple It is the huge amount in existence Now when I ask this I am not asking for a little The reality is I am asking for a little in your eyes Not in my eyes Because if I ask for a little In my eyes When I look at little for me A little is just one meal That's a little bit for me Or I am asking for one simple facet Of life and existence But when I ask for a little from you I recognize that even a little Is grand by virtue of your creation So I am asking for everything I am asking for all of my risk I am asking for all of my health I am asking for all of my family I am asking for all of my community I am asking for all of my spirituality The fact that I am asking for a little By your standards means everything By my standards There is a Sufi saint Who says a wonderful line When asking for just a little bit From Allah SWT Says my lord I only want a little bit from heaven I only want a little bit from heaven In fact I only want so little from heaven I am willing to accept you Allowing me to sleep on the floor of heaven You know what If you don't want to give me all of your palaces And if you don't want to give me all of your gardens And all of your flowing rivers And proximity to you and Ahlul Bayt That's fine But just give me a little bit of heaven I am willing to even sleep On the floor of heaven But my lord If you decide That I am destined for hellfire Make me the fuel of hell In order that I may burn your enemies in hellfire That's what I am asking for Just a little bit To give me completion All I want is a little bit from this heaven And if you do decide I am worthy of hell I want to be able to burn your enemies one by one This is what it means to elnkalkate That asking for a little bit It's not a little bit It is by literal terminology a little bit But when you knock at the door of the one who has unending Unbounding seas of generosity There is no such thing as a little bit when you ask from him Here The Imam alaihi salatu wassalam Is playing with words The beauty is that as you know in the Arabic language There are layers of depths to everything The literal meaning is called the haqaik And then when you come to the metaphorical meaning You come to the majazi And therefore when you are able to look at a word You can look at it through both lights Does the Imam mean literally a little bit Or does he mean metaphorically a little bit from you Now the fact that this is a play on words The Imam is speaking in context of volume I am seeking a little bit from a vast amount The condition, the relationship is a small amount Against a very large amount This means volume based However the opposite of volume The opposite of quantity is what? Quality Instead of asking for a lot On quantity I can be asking for a lot in regards to quality What is the difference? In fact if you look at the purpose of our creation Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala states within the Holy Quran The purpose of your creation is not quantity It is quality within yourself He says in the opening lines of Surat al-Mulk Bismillah ar-Rahman ar-Raheem Alladhi khalaq al-mouta wal-hayata liyabluwakum ayyakum Ahsan wa'amala Ahsan wa'amala Wa huwa al-Azeezul ghafoor He is the one who has created us Why has he created us? He has created death and life So that he may test us And see whom amongst us Has the very best quality of action Not the quantity of action Why did he state this? He has created death And he has created life If you look at it from the sequential perspective It doesn't make sense to me, does it?   To see whom amongst you Is the very best in quality of actions Not quantity Quality of actions He wants us to see How much there is within the heart He wants to see that when I stand in front of my Lord I am genuinely trembling in front of him He wants to see when I am reciting Quran It penetrates the heart It causes a difference the very next day Here when we understand the quality Against quantity argument It is a very simple thing to Envelope it within the month of Ramadan Imagine now the heart The heart is called what within Arabic It is called qalb Don't call it qalb Otherwise you are calling your heart a dog Yes, the qalb It is the heart The reason why it is called qalb the heart Because it comes from the word taqallub Taqallub means it is rotating It is constantly in a state A process of going round Meaning that a heart goes round It goes up, it goes down Not physically, spiritually It is constantly in movement We cannot find this It is constantly in movement We are already at which night in Shahr Ramadan We are at the sixth night, yes How much has your heart moved Within these six nights There are times when you have felt tired There are times when you have felt lazy Maybe not you, definitely me There are times when you have been spiritually elevated And it comes and goes, doesn't it There are times when you really feel spiritually energetic And you can't wait to really be conversing with your Lord To do a little bit more ibadah Whatever it may be This is the meaning of qalb This is the meaning when the heart continues to rotate And go through this process of being close to Allah And a little bit further away from Allah His idea is That when you are in proximity to Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala You maximize it at that particular time For example tonight Imagine you are leaving the masjid And you are en route home There may be a moment when you really feel connected to Allah Something will happen You will see maybe the full moon Or maybe you will see someone in front of you Or you will remember something from Quran Or something has happened during the day That you become grateful for All these are sparks within the heart In order to bring you proximity Towards Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala The idea is within the heart That as you become closer to Allah You maximize that moment You don't shut off That means you don't go to do something else You don't go to eat You don't go onto the computer You don't go and check the email You don't go to the baraza You don't sit with the friends You don't have to go to the sports club at that moment The fact that you are being called by Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala Make the most of that moment Because you don't know when it's going to come round again This is the idea of this heart being going around And this proximity to Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala It's like that cell phone It has the bars And it shows you how much signal you have If you are further away If you are in a remote place You get less signal You are not as close to Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala But when there is more signal You take advantage You are able to download quicker You are able to have a better conversation It's the same thing with the heart When there is more signal More proximity with Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala You don't allow for a distraction to take place You maximise that very moment You go and do whatever the heart feels like going to do at that moment And when the heart stops reciprocating That is when you close the book That is when you close the Musallah That is when you get back up and say I will return when the heart is feeling it again There is a way to understand this Our fourth Imam, Imam Zain al-Aabadeen SallAllahu Alaihi Wasallam was in his Salah And of course the Imams We are obliged to be wearing good clothes Clean clothes, pure clothes for our Salah Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala says Zain al-Mujalis, he says For example within the Holy Quran That you should adorn yourself At every place of worship Zainatakum Ainda Kulli Masjid Adorn yourself at every place of prayer Meaning that when you're in prayer You should be looking good You should want to stand in front of that Lord In a manner that befits that Salah Imam is wearing his cloak in Salah And the Imam as he's in Salah However the movement was It caused his Aba to slip, it slipped down So for example whether he was in his Takbir Or he had got up from his Sajda His Aba slipped down He didn't go to pick it up He didn't go in and put it back on himself The Companion was watching and observing this After the Imam's Salah He came to him and said to him I watched your prayer Your Aba slipped down in your Salah But you did not go and attempt To actually put it back upon yourself Why? He says to him Oh my dear companion I was in conversation with my Lord Meaning my proximity, my concentration Was entirely upon him Had I have stopped For a moment in order To put my Aba back on I would have been performing shirk Before Allah SWT Imagine He considers That to stop in Salah To put back on a slipped Aba Shirk Because I've become Or I've rather made something A partner to Allah in my concentration I could have put it on But had I done so I would have stopped my proximity With Allah What he deserves in my Salah Hence we have the opportunity To just introspect for a second How easily distracted I Not you How easily distracted I am with my Salah A fly comes in front of me I want to bat it away Someone shouts out I get distracted Something happened in the day It enters into my Salah The idea is spiritually That when I am engaged With Allah in proximity When the feeling is really there In this month Maximize it So I learn how to practice Proximity to Allah SWT Rather instead of just stopping And saying my lord I did feel something I did feel close to you But now I'm heading towards the Baraza No, when you're feeling In proximity to Allah Maximize it It will become the training ground For you And then when you enter into your Salah You will not have those distractions anymore There is a wonderful Outstanding huge Line within the Holy Quran That describes this Prophet Musa A.S. Has been with his community Banu Israel He has relinquished them Helped them move from the Zulm of Pharaoh So now they are They have exited The split sea And they're now In a state of freedom Allah SWT Now calls Prophet Musa A.S. For 30 days In order to come with him And as we know he Makes the additional It becomes 40 days Musa A.S. Is requested by Allah SWT Leave your community Come with me Why? Because I am now presenting to you The Tablets of Toad Art The verse Within the Holy Quran Describes this incident In the most beautiful of manners It says Bismillah ar-Rahman ar-Rahim Wama a'ajalaka an qawmika ya Musa O Musa What made you hasten From your people so quickly? Wama a'ajalaka A'ajalaka Like we say to the Imam A'ajal a'ajal Quickly hasten Hasten my master It's the same root word Wama a'ajalaka an qawmika ya Musa O Musa What made you hasten From your people so quickly? The scenario here is Musa A.S. is being called Back to the top of the mountain In order to Receive the Tablets of Toad Art He leaves his community And as he's running up the mountain He's running so quickly According to one tradition He actually slips over upon a rock That's not bad It's not embarrassing It's actually a testimony To the beautiful nature of Musa A.S. He's been called by Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala He's now running towards Allah So quickly that he actually Slips upon a rock The question is my lord The question is Musa Why are you running so quickly? Now here I want to make this Simple relation Think about this Salat time is 1235 1236 We know that I am supposed to Leave everything I am doing In order to hasten towards Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala Come to prayer Come to prayer Come to success Come to success Come to work How quickly do I Hasten towards my lord How quickly do I leave What I am doing My own people In order to hasten towards Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala But now I want you to think A little bit more laterally Imagine you and I Are Musa A.S. Would be nice We've got a good path into heaven Imagine you and I Are Musa A.S. And you and I have been told The reason why I am asking you To leave your community Is because I am going to Give you told art It's not a small issue is it To my being the recipient Of divine revelation You know that by virtue of this revelation Millions of people around the world Are going to be guided Towards Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala By virtue of this revelation You will also have the secrets Of revelation opened up to you Now the question Revisit the question O Musa What makes you hasten From your people so quickly To the extent that you are actually Going to run so fast That you trip over a stone Maybe if I was Musa A.S. I would have responded my Lord The reason why I am running so fast Because I can't wait to receive Torah I can't wait to be the recipient Of divine revelation However, Musa A.S. Is not distracted by this Revelation or no revelation I care not You're going to make me see These secrets I care not The response within the Holy Quran O Musa The reason why I am running so fast Is one reason and one reason only Just to seek your pleasure I am not distracted by anything The fact that I am feeling This proximity to you The fact that I am engaged In this very moment In seeking you I don't want anything else my Lord It doesn't matter to me All these other things Are just distractions Recipient of divine revelation Give it to someone else It doesn't matter All I want is your pleasure And your pleasure alone This is a huge, huge spiritual example From Prophet Musa A.S. To you and I He is saying It doesn't matter about anything else I am completely annihilated Within the love of Allah I don't concern myself With the small distractions From within this world There is a line of poetry from Rumi He says I was walking in the garden With my lover Now here we have to understand What he means His lover is Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala It doesn't mean literally We said there is the haqaaik There is the literal And there is the majazi There is the metaphorical I am walking in the garden With my lover The garden is dunya The garden is the world He sees this world As a place to know Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala I am walking in this garden With my lover Distracted by a rose My lover became angry with me And said oh Rumi Oh my lover What makes you distracted from me Why are you looking to this rose When you have the beauty Of my face here It's imagining you're walking With your wife Or if you're a sister On the other side You're walking with your husband You're walking with that partner That partner is everything to you Nothing distracts me One single rose Does not distract me From the beauty of Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala Similarly nothing in this world Is supposed to distract me From Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala When I ask I am asking for you And you alone Allahumma inni asaluka qalila min kathilin Ma'hajatin bi ilahi azeema What is the Imam really Trying to say now In this next level of meaning You are all encompassing There is so much vastness Of you my Lord I am seeking just a little bit Of you and you alone This is what I want Allahumma inni asaluka qalila min kathilin Ma'hajatin bi ilahi azeema All I want is a little bit of you Give me you and I will be satisfied There is a technique That we want to discuss Illustrate insha'Allah In order to understand The beauty of this There's a line from the Akumail which is outstanding From the commander of the faithful The section begins qawwi ala khizmatika jawarihi wa shtud ala ala azeemati jawarihi wa habli aljiddfi khashittik My Lord I want you to strengthen My limbs in service of you qawwi ala khizmatika jawarihi wa shtud ala ala azeemati jawarihi wa habli aljiddfi khashittik At the end of this section He says waj'a allisani bi zikilika lahija wa qalbi bi hubbika mutayyama wa munna aleyya bi husni Ijabatik What is the Imam saying In this next section of the line My Lord I want you to increase the zikah That comes from my tongue waj'a allisani bi zikilika lahija The result of which wa qalbi bi hubbika mutayyama The result of this continuous zikah is that it will enter, penetrate the heart so it becomes a reality within me Now what are the best lines of zikah and how can we understand this The very best line of zikah according to the commander of the faithful is tahleel la ilaha illallah la ilaha illallah Why? The first reason is because it becomes a secret between you and Allah There is no need for you to move your lips Close your mouth now and say la ilaha illallah It is the movement of the tongue isn't it It's so beautiful The beauty of reciting tohi doesn't need to be in front of anyone It is a secret between me and my Lord the time praising you la ilaha illallah la ilaha illallah Commander of the faithful says the very best action one can do is to recite la ilaha illallah 100 times The only thing better than this is to recite it 101 times meaning continuously more and more and more with the tahleel The next best zikah that one can recite is a salawat upon Muhammad in al-Muhammad There is a hadith which says Ibrahim a.s. you know he started as an abd of Allah then he became the Nabi of Allah then he became the Rasul of Allah then he became the Khalil of Allah and then he became the imam before Allah we know what he had to do to become the imam before Allah with his sacrifice and his knowledge of certainty but what did he have to do to become the Khalil of Allah what made him raise his station from the one who was going from the Rasul of Allah to the Khalil of Allah the hadith says to us he continuously would recite salawat upon Muhammad in al-Muhammad this is what raised him from being Rasul to Khalil of Allah it's very simple what we can do to raise our spiritual station the hadith says that when there is a gathering and people have been reciting the salawat upon Ahl al-Bayt at the end of the gathering the Malayka leave the Malayka leave but upon them is the scent of the salawat as they are ascending back towards the heavens there is another group of angels who are descending from the heavens to visit another gathering where salawat are mentioned upon Ahl al-Bayt the ones who are descending meet the ones who are ascending they say to him oh angels of Allah what is this smell upon you this is the scent that we have received from having been in a gathering when the lovers of Ahl al-Bayt recite salawat upon Muhammad in al-Muhammad if this is what the angels are smelling imagine internally in my soul how fragrant my soul really is this is how we can be constantly engaged with Allah as a final suggestion I would like to humbly impart one action one amal that you and I can perform in order to remain constantly with Allah SWT not to be distracted so that we may journey towards what Musa A.S. felt when he didn't even care about tauraq but only cared about the pleasure of Allah SWT we mention here just now that there are certain zikr that we can recite Imam A.S. said we would like to present to you a very quick and small suggestion all of you here now insha'Allah are listening to me I hope if you haven't gone bored yet and here I am speaking to you but despite us being engaged in the physical exercises of me speaking with you and you listening to me insha'Allah that doesn't mean that we can't be exercising our soul at the very same time just practice this I am going to continue talking but I want you to pick that tahleel or any zikr that you want call upon Yolul Al-Basiru Al-Sameel Yarazaaq whatever tahleel whatever salawaz whatever zikr you want right now recited don't let your lips move continue to recited be engaged with your Lord talk to him at the same time whilst you are listening to me you can see that physically you are engaged with me you can listen to the words that are coming from my mouth but at the same time spiritually you are able to be engaged with your Lord very capable of doing it in the same way whilst I am talking to you it is capable for me to still be engaged with my Lord my tongue is engaging with you but my heart is in secret conversation with my Lord no one knows what I am speaking about and no one knows what you are speaking about right now either this is a practice that we can continue to perform and evolve ourselves with insha'Allah you are still practicing this you haven't stopped, you haven't forgotten about it you are still doing this yes continue to do it right now continue to practice it you are listening but at the same time you are in zikr with your Lord you don't need to be holding the tasbih you don't need to be seen that you are reciting but you are enveloping yourself in true tawheed if for a number of years Ibrahim was performing a silent and secret zikr with his Lord when he was engaged with his society and it moved him to the point of being the Khalil of Allah I ask you if you continue to silently recite zikr where will you be at the end of the month of Ramadha when the blessings are overflowing from Allah swt continue to practice this when you go home and you get in the car recite it, you will be with your family you will have your son, your daughter your wife, your mother, your father with you fine, engage with them in discussion but continue to be whispering secret discourse with your Lord challenge yourself I will whisper to my Lord for one minute and I won't get distracted but if I do and I break the one minute and I only do 15 seconds next time I will fulfill the one minute and then improve upon it I will go to 2 minutes and 3 minutes and 5 minutes and constantly I will be engaged my Lord my Lord I am asking for just a small amount of you from the absolute grandiosity that is you please raise your hands join us in da'a we pray to Allah swt the hastening of the reappearance of the awaited saviour Allah allow us to be alongside him at all times in our life and in our death if we are to pass away from this world it is to reappear raises from our graves so that we can be alongside him and participate in his victory we ask you Ya Allah there are many people around the world who are in desperate need there are trials and tribulations throughout the whole world Ya Allah give them victory security and safety we ask you Ya Allah forgive our sins the sins of our parents all those whom we love all those that love us all of our mahoomeen Allah allow us to understand Quran and this month better help us to fulfill our fast as you have ordained for us we ask you Ya Allah for the opportunity to perform the ziyarat of Ahl al-Bayt peace be upon them all we ask you Ya Allah in the final moments of our lives for the opportunity to die in the love of Muhammad and Ali Muhammad may I ask you to recite one loud salawat in honor of the awaited saviour Imam Al-Hajj Al-Jalallahu ta'ala