All right, let's pray and we get started. Father, we thank you for this day. We thank you for your faithfulness, for your richness and your riches of your love, Jesus, your faithfulness, your kindness towards us, for everything. Lord, I pray that every day that there will be a revelation of who you are in our lives, Lord. I pray that we will never lose the wonder of who you are, Lord God. I aim, even as we go about learning today from your word, Holy Spirit, you speak to us through your word. You teach us. You are our teacher. We open up our hearts. We open up our minds, Lord, to receive from you. I submit and surrender my voice, my tongue. Holy Spirit, you speak to me. You speak through me. I submit and surrender, Lord. I thank you for what you're about to do in Jesus' name. Amen. Okay, thanks again for joining in. We've been going through the theology of worship or how worship was organized in the Old Testament and we've started from the looking from the life of Abraham. We've learned how that he was a man of alters in many cases that he was a man of worship. He would constantly remind himself of who God is and every time he would encounter or was reminded of something, of how good God is, that he would build an altar, he would submit and surrender and worship. And from then on, we've looked at various aspects of how worship was organized in the Old Testament from the temple that Solomon built. It was a time of celebration. It was a time of jubilee where the whole community, the society, the cities and towns, people from different towns and villages would come through the temple to honor, to worship, to celebrate the faithfulness of God. It was not just, I'm sure it was not just a one hour or two hour event on a Sunday morning, but it must have been an extravagant time of worship, extravagant, lavish God with praise and worship. So we saw that in the Temple of Solomon and then we looked at briefly what the Psalms had to teach us about worship, when, how, where, why, what. We looked at all those philosophical questions or journalistic questions, the kind of questions all the journalists ask and we see what the Psalms had to teach us. We went through that briefly and we concluded with going through the Tabernacle of Moses, right, in the last session. So I hope so far that, you know, there was something that you could learn, you could take away of, you know, for your personal spiritual growth and also understanding this, just this topic of worship just a little bit more deeper. Okay, so we, again, just do another quick recap of the Tabernacle of Moses, what we covered in the last class and we'll continue into the Tabernacle of David in this session. Okay. So very quickly about the Tabernacle of Moses, we really have to start the Tabernacle of Moses in Genesis chapter 3, because until the, until the fall happened, the Spirit of God and the Spirit of Man was united, right, they dwelt to, they dwelt in the presence of God as one. As soon as they sinned, they were separated from His presence. That is the basic definition of sin, is that separation from the presence of God, from the Spirit of God, we've become alienated, so to say, right? We've become something that, you know, we are not familiar with because we are separated from God. Our identity, our everything, the meaning, the purpose of life and everything about us is found in Him because we are made in His image. Because of sin, we were separated and we were no longer in His presence. And from there on, from Genesis chapter 3, all the way to Exodus chapter 25, you can think about all the wonderful great stories that's happened in between those chapters.  He visited Abraham, He visited Jacob, He visited Joshua. And, you know, time and time again, there are multiple visitations of God that happens from Genesis 3 to Exodus 25, right? His hand was on Him, the Spirit of the Lord was on Him. But there was never a dwelling place for all these years. So the gap between Genesis 3 and Exodus 25 is 2,500 years, all right? I'm just recapping everything so that, you know, we're just refreshing our memories. So for 2,500 years, there was no dwelling place, a resting place for God. And hence, God entails Moses, make them build me a sanctuary. And there I will meet with you. And so finally, the tabernacle of Moses was the meeting place that what was in the Garden of Eden, which was lost in the Garden of Eden. So it was a bridge, a bridge that was building a gap, fixing the gap between heaven and earth, where so divinity could meet with humanity, right? Humanity was, God was too holy to come and meet with us without a meeting place and man was too sinful to meet with God. And so there had to be a common ground that had to be established. And hence, the tabernacle of Moses, right? And in the tabernacle of Moses, we started it off not just from the outer courts, but from the gate, and how we encounter Jesus in all his four offices at the gate, right? So the gate is the place of introduction. And then we come into the outer court, we look at the brazen altar, which is a place of reconciliation at the altar, right?  And that initiates, you know, that is where the process of reconciliation has become. And then the bronze laver or the brazen laver is the place of sanctification, right? So salvation might be a one-time thing where you give your life to God, but the sanctification is a process, right? We do not attain salvation without works. So, so to speak, so we don't washing off the hands, symbolize or represented works, but salvation is a free gift given to us. We only have to choose it, right?  No, we don't attain salvation with works, but, you know, we attain salvation with the grace of God that he has offered to us. However, we continue to walk in the process of sanctification because we walk in this walk of life, right? We walk this walk of faith, we run this race, right? And so that symbolizes faith. So we can't, we need to be sanctified, you know, on a regular basis. And the word of God does it. And, you know, as we mentioned that the brazen laver on the inside of it was made with the mirrors that was used by women, right? So, and the word of God says in James chapter one, it's the word of God is a mirror, right? You don't look at yourself in the mirror and go back the same way, you do something, there has to be a change. And so that sanctification is what is what we call as the change that it brings. And then inside the inner court, you see the table of showbread, which is a place of satisfaction, the golden lampstand, it's a place of illumination and revelation. And then there's a golden altar of incense, which represents a place of intercession, right? And then finally we are in the Holy of Holies. Here there is only one piece of furniture, there is no artificial light, there is the glory of God that's lighting up the room.  And that is in the Holy of Holies. And so that's like a brief recap of the Tabernacle of Moses. I hope you all are still alive and all is well. And we slowly, we will transition into learning a little bit about the Tabernacle of David, okay? So in the Book of Exodus, you read a lot about Exodus, Numbers, Deuteronomy, Leviticus, you know, they've had the temple, the Tabernacle of God, the Ark of the Covenant and whatnot. And slowly you move into the Book of Joshua, right? And again, in the Book of Joshua, you see when they were crossing the river Jordan, they again take the Ark of the Covenant, carry the Ark of the Covenant with them and as soon as their feet touches the river, the waters and the waters part, right? It's not just the Red Sea that parted, if you're okay, the Jordan, River Jordan also parted. So the Ark of the Covenant was still a huge deal in the Book of Joshua. Okay, now you don't read a lot about the Tabernacle in itself. You begin to wonder, okay, the Ark of the Covenant is there, but what about the Tabernacle? Because it doesn't talk a lot in the Book of Joshua. And then you come to the Book of Judges, it seems a lot has happened. The Israelites have taken over the land of Canaan. They haven't chased away every people, you know, the tribe of Canaan that God tells them to chase away. They compromise, they let some of their enemy live in their land, who come back to persecute them later on. So we go through the Book of Joshua, you don't read much about the Tabernacle, you hardly, and then you come to the Book of Judges, it's almost like that a sense of worship that was established that God gave Moses is not even heard. And so you read about it in one verse in Book of Judges, in Judges chapter 2, verse 10, let me see if I can find it, Judges chapter 2, verse 10. It's one of the very sad verses in the Bible, Judges chapter 2, verse 10, it says, and all the generation that is the previous, the elderly generation were gathered to their fathers, it simply means that they passed away, right? And there arose another generation after them who did not know the Lord or the work that he had done for Israel. So who did not know the Lord, that means who did not know his ways, who did not, who are not grateful, that means they did not know that he parted the sea, they did not know that he provided manna from heaven, a quail from heaven, turning the bitter waters into sweet waters from the rock, they did not know any of this, they did not know that there was a Tabernacle, they did not know that God let them out of Egypt with a pillar of cloud by day and a pillar of fire by night, they did not know. And so we slowly see the Tabernacle of Moses being diminished and God's ways not being followed. And you read through the book of Judges, they've gone back to worship in the form or the practice of altars. So you wonder, where is the Tabernacle? Where's the Ark? There's no news about it. They go back to building altars and worship. Some of them are false altars, and you read about, you know, even the father of Gideon, which is, you know, the book of Judges is famous for, the father of Gideon had built an altar for the Canon, Canonite God Baal. Right. And so there was false worship that was introduced later in this full and you read about it in the book of Judges. They started to worship the God of the Canonites, which they were specifically and very clearly told by God not to compromise to their ways. But that's exactly what they do. Okay. And so you wonder what's happening. And then much later, you get to know, even when you come to the book of 1 Samuel, Ruth is there, the book of Ruth is just there as a bridge, you know, it's a nice book, you know, but it's just there to just deviate for some time from what's happening.  Now again, in the book of 1 Samuel, you don't read about the tabernacle itself. But what we do find out is that the Ark of the Covenant was kept in a place called Shiloh. Okay. That's all we find out. That's all we know about it. That the Ark of the Covenant was kept in a place called Shiloh. All right. Okay. So what we're trying to establish here is a background to the tabernacle of David. All right. So let's go to 1 Samuel chapter four. We go to 1 Samuel chapter four. Just do a quick pause here. I just want to check is everybody following you all with me? Great. So we're going to read the chapter, 1 Samuel chapter four, and we might read a lot. So I hope that's okay. Okay, keep your Bibles open. This is, I feel is a very important chapter. Okay. So, and the word of, and the word of Samuel came to all Israel, reading from verse one. Now Israel went out to battle against the Philistines. They encamped at Ebenezer and the Philistines encamped at Afak. The Philistines drew up in line against Israel. And when the battle spread, Israel was defeated before the Philistines, who killed about 4000 men on the field of battle. And when the people came to the camp, the elders of Israel said, why has the Lord defeated us today before the Philistines? Let us bring the ark of the covenant of the Lord here from Shiloh. I mean, you know, we said that you learn that the ark of the covenant was in the place called Shiloh, that it may come among us and save us from the power of our enemies. Okay, stop. So what's happening here is that the Israelites are being attacked by the Philistines. The battle opens up and Israel go into battle and 4000 men die and it's a huge defeat, a huge loss. Now, if you read for Samuel in chapter one, two, three, you know, there's the introduction of the characters. There's the introduction of Samuel's mother in chapter one, Hannah, how she prays for Samuel and she God gives her Samuel and then she dedicates Samuel to the Lord in the temple. And then we are introduced to the high priest at that time who was Eli and talks about how Eli was older in age. He was huge. Basically, he was very fat and he was old and he was blind. He couldn't see very well. He couldn't move a lot and he had two sons, Hofni and Phinehas. They were very sinful sons. They are from the tribe of Levi's. They are supposed to be priests, but instead of being holy and set apart and doing the duties of the Lord in the temple, they committed sin in the eyes of the Lord, it says, right? They would sleep with women who would come to the temple. They did all kinds of sexual immorality. So they had no relationship with this God of Israel, no relationship. That is just a brief context to chapter four. So, you know, there's this character called Eli, Samuel. Eli had two sons, Hofni and Phinehas. They were very sinful. And then we are in verse four. They go to chapter four. You know, they go into battle. They lose and they say, okay, let us bring back the Ark of the Covenant. So we will win over our enemies. Verse four from chapter four. So the people sent to Shiloh and brought from there the Ark of the Covenant of the Lord of Hosts, who is enthroned on the cherubim. And the two sons of Eli, Hofni and Phinehas, were there with the Ark of the Covenant of God. As soon as the Ark of the Covenant of the Lord came into camp, all Israel gave mighty shout so that the earth resounded. And when the Philistines heard the noise of the shouting, they said, what does this great shouting in the camp of the Hebrews mean? And when they learned that the Ark of the Covenant had come to the camp, the Philistines were afraid for they said, a God has come into the camp. And they said, woe to us for nothing like this has happened before. Woe to us. Who can deliver us from the power of these mighty gods? These are the gods who struck the Egyptians with a very sort of plague in the wilderness. It's funny that the Philistines know about this God of Israel and they hardly know. It's such an irony. Okay, verse nine says, take courage and be men of Philistines, lest you become slaves to the Hebrews as they have been to you. Be men and fight. So the Philistines fought and the Israel was defeated and they fled. Every man to his home, they fled like cowards. And there was a very great slaughter for 30,000 foot soldiers of Israel fell. Wow. It's quite a chapter so far, isn't it? So there's Israel. There's the battle against the Philistines. They lose the battle the first time. 4,000 men die. 4,000 men die. But they go back to the history books and see, okay, hey, in the past and never the Ark of the Covenant went ahead, went before, God gave Israelites the victory. So let's follow that formula. Let's try that formula again. So what was happening is that they were trying to be religious without relationship, right? They thought, okay, it's a formula. If you do, if you do so, this, this and this, we'll get it without the relationship, without intimacy with the Lord, if no formula is going to work, right? It could be the formula that God himself has given to us. But without intimacy and relationship, he is not going to establish or accomplish anything. And Israel learned it a very hard way. 30,000 people died on that day. And verse 11, chapter 4, and the Ark of God was captured. And the two sons of Eli, Haphne and Phineas, died. Right? Haphne and Phineas died. So they are seeing this in addition to the 30,000 people who died, there, the scripture is emphasizing on the two sons of Eli. It doesn't need to do that, but in every time it's doing that, you need to ask why. And most of the time it's fall, it follows up. Why? Okay. Sorry, guys. Apologies. I'm just going to put my phone. Let's look at verse 12. What we can do is, yeah, okay. We're just going to continue reading this chapter, just so we understand the depth of what's happening. Okay. So verse 12, a man of Benjamin ran from the battle line and came to Shiloh the same day with his clothes torn with the dirt on his head. When he arrived, Eli was sitting on a seat by the road watching for his heart trembled for the Ark of God. And when the man came into the city and told the news, all the city cried out. What did he say? That the Ark has been captured. You know, 30,000 men have died. And so the whole city cried out. When Eli heard the sound of the outcry, he said, what is this uproar? And then the man hurried and came and told Eli. Now, Eli was 98 years old and his eyes were set so that he could not see. And the man said to Eli, I am he who has come from the battle. I fled from the battle today. And he said, how did it go, my son? Verse 17, he brought the news answered and said, Israel has fled before the Philistines. And there has been a great defeat among the people.  And the Ark of God has been captured. As soon as he mentioned the Ark of God, not even when he mentioned the sons. As soon as he mentioned the Ark of God, Eli fell over backward from his seat by the side of the gate. And his neck was broken. And he died. For the man was old and heavy. He had judged Israel 40 years. Now, his daughter-in-law, the wife of Phinehas was pregnant, about to give birth. And when she heard that the news of the Ark of God was captured and that her father-in-law and her husband were dead, she bowed and gave birth for her pains came upon her. And about the time of her death, a woman attending her said, do not be afraid for you have born a son. And she did not answer or pay attention. And she named the child Iqabod, saying the glory has departed from Israel, because the Ark of God had been captured and because of her father-in-law and her husband. Verse 22, last verse, and she said, the glory has departed from Israel, for the Ark of God has been captured. It's a very, very sad day in Israel, in the history of Israel. It's one of the most tragic days ever. It's a very bad day. It wasn't enough that Israel lost the battle, but they lost in a very bad way. They lost 30,000 men, 30,000 men. Some hounds or villages have 35,000 people as their population overall. 30,000 people had died. And when they heard that Eli dies, and the pregnant wife goes into labor and gives birth and names the son Iqabod. Iqabod simply means the glory has departed. The glory of God is the manifest presence of God. And so it's a symbol to say that, again, when we are out of the presence of God, when the presence of God leaves, there is death. Eli dies. When the presence of God leaves, we lose leadership. Eli was the leader. He was a judge who judged for 40 years. We lose headship. We lose leadership. This chapter is packed. So we are in first Samuel chapter four. So this is again, it's like Genesis chapter three, but in a little bit of a small scale. The Ark of God has been captured by the Philistines. You can read chapter five, chapter six. It's a very interesting, it's amazing. What they do, the Philistines do, is they take the Ark of the Covenant and keep it in their temple before their God called Dagon. And so what happens when they keep it before Dagon is the next morning they come and see that the idol has fallen down before the Ark of the Covenant. And so they erect it again. And the next day it's fallen again, but it's not just fallen, it's fallen and it's broken its head. And so all the Philistines are alarmed. They don't want to have the Ark of the Covenant with them. They send it away. Just do whatever you want to do with it. Let's fast forward, shall we? We are in first Samuel chapter four. Let's go to second Samuel chapter six. From first Samuel chapter four to second Samuel chapter six, the scholars again say that the timeline is approximately 70 odd years, more or less 70 odd years. And in that 70 years again a lot of things happen. The Ark has been captured. It's not back in Jerusalem. It's not back in Israel yet. And Saul becomes a very prominent prophet. He anoints Saul as king. We learned that Saul reigned for 40 years as king. And then David comes into power slowly. And there's a lot happens until Saul comes into the power as is anointed as king. And so for 70 odd years nobody thought or felt like bringing the Ark back and building a dwelling place for God again until second Samuel chapter six. Verse one, it says, David again gathered all the chosen men of Israel. How many? 30,000. So one of the first things he does after becoming king over Judah and Israel, the first thing he does is he decides to bring the Ark of the Covenant back. Now David again must have gone to the history books and found out, okay, on the day that the Ark of the Covenant was taken 30,000 men had died. So I'm going to take the same number of men and I'm going to bring the Ark of the Covenant back, the presence of God back right to the place where it belongs. So 30,000 men and David arose and went with all the people who were with him from Baal Judah to bring up from there the Ark of the Covenant who is called by the name of the Lord of Hosts who sits enthroned on the cherub. Okay, so this is really just a background for the tabernacle of David. So the first thing what David does is he brings the Ark of the Covenant back. Saul was man of position but David was the man after the presence. Right, for Saul the position of the king was more important. You know, even after Saul had disobeyed God, sinned against God, Saul comes, Samuel comes to confront.  This conversation is happening inside the tent. Saul's response to Samuel is, okay, but will you just walk out of the tent with me so the people will look and still believe that, you know, God is with me and I'm still the king. You see, for him, the reputation of what people thought about Saul was more important, position was more important to Saul. And for 70 odd years, no one, even the king of Israel at that time, Saul, didn't feel like or think about going and bringing the Ark of the Covenant back until David. And so the worshiper, a true worshiper, we're talking about, you know, worship ministry, a true worshiper is always in the pursuit of God's presence. A thriving worship ministry of any church or any ministry is a ministry or a team that is pursuing or going after the presence of God. If that is not the priority, if pursuing the presence of God is not the priority of your worship team or your worship ministry, it's not going to last long. Right? When the Ark of the Covenant was not there for 70 odd years and then go back from the book of Joshua and Judges, worship continued to happen. That is to say that you can continue to have church services, you can continue to play church without the presence of God. Right? We can continue to sing songs, do everything that we have to do, preach and have a normal Sunday morning services without the presence of God. But what is the point? Right? What brings meaning to anything we do for God is His presence, is our pursuit of Him, of who He is. Right? Without that we are just, you know, not doing anything.  That's how God would react to our worship. But, and you read a lot about the Tabernacle of David, you know, from chapter 16 of 1st Chronicles, you know, 1st Chronicles chapter 16, verse 1 to 3, we see that David erects the Tabernacle, a Tabernacle for the Ark of the Covenant. Now, this is a very different Tabernacle from the Tabernacle of Moses. There is no outer quotes, inner quotes, straight away. It's just the Holy of Holies. It's just the Ark of the Covenant around it. One might ask, how come, why then, why was there inner quotes and outer quotes in the Tabernacle of Moses and there was nothing here? It's a wonderful mystery, I would say, and that only God can explain and teach us because the only thing I can say is David, although he was known as a worshipper, he was a warrior, he was a king, we don't talk a lot about David as a prophet, right? The prophetic on the David must have been, I mean, powerful, right? We read about it in Psalm 22. Psalm 22 is all about the crucifixion and David writes that Psalm and you can just only think about the prophetic. So David, although in the Old Covenant, lived as if he was in the New Covenant, he understood that what matters to God is obedience. More than anything you can do, more than any principle or method or whatnot, it is being obedient to him. He learned that, right? And what is it in the New Covenant is that the veil is torn. Bible says we can enter the throne of grace. It just doesn't say enter the throne of grace. It says enter boldly. It talks about the attitude in the manner that you can enter the presence of God. And David learned that, right? He learned that, okay, you know, he loves us, although in the Old Covenant, he lived as if he was in the New Covenant. That is why David is such a big deal in the context of worship, right, in the tabernacle that he built. And even though there was no inner courts or outer courts and all the brazen altars and whatnot, there was still order. There was no, his presence was not, the presence of God was not taken for granted. David didn't say, oh yeah, I'm, you know, I've seen the New Covenant, it's like this, you know, anybody can go in. There was no irreverence in his attitude. Okay. And so 1 Chronicles chapter 16, we see that from one to three says this, so they brought the Ark of God and set it in the midst of the tabernacle that David erected for it. It doesn't say some men of Israel erected. It's a, I mean, if it's saying that David erected, that means he must have single-handedly taken the initiative and gone ahead and set it up. The king of Israel, Judah. The king of the northern and the southern kingdom. He went and he made sure that he will erect the tabernacle, the king, the leader. And he blessed the people in the name of the Lord. Then he distributed to everyone of Israel, both man and woman, to everyone a loaf of bread, a piece of meat, and a cake of raisins. There was celebration. There was generosity. There was royal generosity to everyone in Israel. And that is what the presence of God releases. It brings about royal generosity. It stirs your heart to give, right? And then it brings about order. The second point in your notes in page 23 talks about, again, order. David appointed, this is in 1 Chronicles chapter 16, verse four. It says, he appointed some of the Levites to minister before the Ark of the Lord, to commemorate, to thank and to praise the Lord.  So, 2 Chronicles, sorry, 2 Samuel chapter 6, we see that David goes and brings the Ark back, right? Verse 3, chapter 6, verse 3. It says, they carried the Ark of God on a new cart and brought it out of the house of Abinadab, which was on a hill. And Uzzah and Ahio, the sons of Abinadab, were driving the new cart with the Ark of God. And Ahio went before the Ark. Verse 6, verse 5. And David and all the house of Israel were celebrating before the Lord with songs and liars and harps and tambourines and castanets and symbols. Verse 6. And when they came to a threshing floor, Nakon, Uzzah put out his hand to the Ark of God and took hold of it for the oxen stumbled and the anger of the Lord was kindled against Uzzah and God struck him down there because of his error and he died there beside the Ark of God. Okay, so again, what's happening here is that all the David went back to the history books of Israel that he learned that 30,000 men were died. What he did not remember is something that was written in Deuteronomy chapter 17. Okay, let's go to Deuteronomy chapter 17 for a second. Where is that? Okay, so let's go. Are you there? Deuteronomy chapter 17. Let's read. I'm going to read from verse 14. Okay, I'm going to read a few scriptures, but I'm going to read from verse 14 just to give us the context. So this is again God talking in Deuteronomy 1714. It says, When you come to the land of the Lord, your God is giving you and you possess it and dwell in it and then say, I will set a king over me like all the nations that are around me. You may indeed set a king over you whom the Lord your God will choose. One from among your brothers, you shall set as king over you. You may not put a foreigner over you who is not your brother. Okay, this is in the book of Deuteronomy. Hundreds of years before, you know, for Samuel where Saul is anointed as king. God is prophesying. He's saying there will come a time that where you will ask for yourself a king, like you will look at all the other nations and say all the other nations have king. Why don't we have a king? You will reject me as your king and ask for yourself a king. This is God prophesying. Okay. And then God says, Sure, you can have a king. I will choose that, you know, that person for you. Verse 16 says, Only he must not require many horses for himself or cause the people to return to Egypt in order to acquire many horses. Since the Lord has said to you, we shall never return that way again. Verse 17, And he shall not acquire many wives for himself, lest his heart turn away, nor shall he acquire for himself excessive silver and gold. And when he sits on the throne of his kingdom, he shall write for himself in a book. Look at this. He shall write for himself in a book, a copy of this law approved by the Levitical priests. And it shall be with him, and he shall read it all the days of his life. And that he may learn to fear the Lord, his God, by keeping all the words of this law and the statues and doing them. Verse last verse, verse 20, it says, And his heart may not be lifted up above his brothers, and that he may not turn aside from the commandment either to the right or to the left, so that he may continue long in his kingdom, he and his children Israel. So, God's command for anyone who would become a king was to meditate on the word of the Lord, was to know about the word of the Lord, was to know about the commandments of the word of the Lord. Now, David was passionate worshipper, absolute and, you know, hats off, right? He went back to the history books of Israel and learned that there was a great defeat, 30,000 men died, you know, and he would take 30,000 men to bring the ark of all of that or everything what he's done so far is commendable. But what he would have must have forgotten to do is gone back to the law of the law, Lord, and read it. And if he had read it, he would have known that only the Levites were supposed to carry the ark. It was not meant to be carried on the bullock cart. The presence of God is meant to be carried by us human beings. We are to be the host of the presence of God. And so, what happens was a died and David is upset, and then he goes back to the book of the law. And then he learned that Levites were supposed, are the ones assigned, are supposed to be carrying the Ark of the Covenant. And then he learns from his mistake, but that mistake was pretty costly, right? But nevertheless, that he would learn. So again, I want to share this thing as, as again, a context of how David would have learned, right, from the scriptures. Okay. Are you all still with me? Great. So what we'll do, we'll pause here. We'll take a break and we'll resume the next session. Okay. Thank you.


Earthlings, let's discuss some facts about the sun. The Latin word for the sun is soul, and it is used to describe all things sun-related, such as solar eclipse, solstice, solar power, or your solar system. The sun is a 4.5 billion years old yellow dwarf star. It takes around 27 Earth days to complete one full rotation on its axis. About 74% of the sun is made up of hydrogen. And guess what? Helium, the gas that makes balloons blow, fills approximately 24% of the sun. The sun's surface temperature is a mind-blowing 10,000 degrees Fahrenheit. Incredibly, the sunlight reaches you on Earth in just about 8 minutes. That's the speed of light. Take a moment to bask in the sun's radiant glory, but don't forget to use sunscreen to protect yourself from its powerful rays.


You can't stop the narcissist But they can The reason why narcissists are so successful at what they do is Because they have enablers They have people who encourage and enable their destructive behavior They have people who make it possible for them to do what they do and they are the only ones who can stop the narcissist In some situations You may be the victim and the enabler in these situations You will be unable to stop the narcissist Because if you try to stop the narcissist They will turn the other enablers against you Everyone will see you as the abuser It's really a no-win situation when you are dealing with a narcissist Unless the enablers are on your side Because only the enablers can stop the narcissist But unfortunately They tend to enable the narcissist's bad behavior They drive them They help them to hurt more people It's like the enablers can see that the narcissist is hungry and they want to feed you to the narcissist They want the narcissist to consume you They want the narcissist to devour you The enablers indulge in the narcissist's illusion They prop up their false self They let them cross the line They justify and excuse their behavior Or they act like nothing happened They exaggerate any mistakes that you have made While minimizing anything good that you have done While they exaggerate anything that the narcissist has done for you While minimizing their faults or mistakes If you try to stop the narcissist You may find yourself in a lot of trouble They will devalue you and degrade you They will stalk and harass you They will assassinate your character They will start a smear campaign against you They will threaten you with financial hooks They will do whatever it takes to destroy you Because they don't want you to be good for anyone after they're gone But the enablers can stop the narcissist Because they're the ones who are allowing this behavior to continue So at any moment they can choose for it to stop Rather than letting them get away with it Rather than letting them indulge in the dysfunction And forcing you to be a part of it But they don't want that to happen They need you to be a part of the illusion They need you to sustain it Even though it has nothing to do with you It's all about them But they cannot support the illusion without you Because you're the only one who has the ability to maintain it None of this could be possible without the enablers But none of this could be possible without the enablers If they would just take responsibility for the destructive things that they are supporting This would all come to an end If the enablers were not cooperating with the narcissist None of this would be happening But the difference between us and the enablers Is that they are running from the situation They can't accept it They don't want to deal with it But you can accept it You can learn from it Because you're emotionally developed You're able to deal with situations in a mature and responsible way While they cannot deal with it The only option is to run away And that is why nothing ever changes Their behaviour never improves But your role in this can improve You may not be able to stop the narcissist directly But you can make changes within yourself And you're in the right place Because all it starts is by understanding what you're dealing with That doesn't mean that it's going to end pleasantly But it does mean that you will be able to move on And live your life People who don't understand narcissism May blame themselves They may try to fix things They may try to help the narcissist And they may never leave the toxic relationship You cannot stop the narcissist directly Not unless the enablers are on your side Only the enablers can stop the narcissist directly But there is a way that you can expose the narcissist to the enablers And it all starts by going within and healing yourself It starts by accepting that narcissism is what you are dealing with Once you come to this realisation There is no way to go back Once you understand the process It will only pull you away even more And this will only expose their behaviour even more As they try to stop you from escaping Their behaviour will get worse and worse Until it becomes clear to everyone that this is narcissism And then there's a possibility That you may be able to leave this situation unscathed It all depends on whether or not the enablers are willing to accept this information It depends on the level of awareness and understanding Regarding these types of situations And also some enablers may be benefiting from you And the narcissist being together It may aid them in some way In those situations The enablers may choose to overlook the narcissist behaviour No matter how obvious it may become Enablers are known for sweeping some horrific things under the rug This may not be the message that you want to hear But the truth is that it's not so simple to just leave the narcissist Especially when there are enablers involved In some situations Leaving the narcissist could cause more problems for you Narcissists can be very vindictive when you try to leave them They don't want to see you being good for anyone else After they're gone Which is why you need to be very careful about your words and actions When you are dealing with a narcissist You need to be very careful if you are trying to leave Because you never know what they might do The last thing they want to see Is a happy healthy person Moving on with everything that makes them who they are If you try to leave They will turn your life upside down But whether or not they have the ability to do that Really depends on the enablers People often think that it's the narcissist who is in control But if the enablers decided That they are no longer going to tolerate this behaviour The narcissist wouldn't have a leg to stand on


Live from Las Vegas, it's theCUBE, covering AWS re-invent 2018.  Hello everyone, welcome back to theCUBE day two of three days of wall-to-wall coverage here in Las Vegas for AWS Amazon Web Services re-invent 2018. It's our sixth year covering Amazon, we've been doing all the re-invents except for the original one. I'm John Furrier, my co-host Dave Vellante. We've got two sets here in set one, we've got another set over there, so much content, we've got a set upstairs, total of four sets here, covering all the video coverage, and right now we're coming off the keynote with Andy Jassy, full action-packed analysis. Dave, a pretty amazing set of keynotes. They had so many announcements here at AWS that they had to basically start releasing them. They did media alerts, they did Before the Show, Midnight Madness, just a lot of front-end releases that would be notable releases for any other conference they're letting out early. Andy Jassy only has two hours on stage, he's given the keynote, finishing up. Huge announcement, huge announcement, Dave. So, you went to the analyst session, I met with Andy Jassy last Monday night for the preview, we've been following Amazon. A lot of the stuff that we've been saying for the past multiple years is actually happening. Our original predictions and impact of AWS business on the IT landscape is happened and happening, and now new areas that they're focused on that extends their leadership, both technology and on the business model side, continue to come on. Yesterday they launched, as a preview, Satellites is a service. You can actually stand up from satellites, which will power the IoT edge. So many implications, so many things to talk about through the course of today. A lot of interviews we're going to have again day two. Let's analyze Andy's keynote and the company. What's your take? Their business is strong, their lead, a lot of analysts are fooled by the numbers. You're not, we've been watching it. Huge number lead in the cloud. I think the first thing I want to say is, I go to siliconangle.com, I read both of your pieces that are up there, your piece on Forbes, this is a preview. And then the number of announcements here is just overwhelming. Last two days at the analyst event, they gave us previews of 62 announcements, and that's only a partial list of the announcements. 62 that they took us through. It was like rapid fire, Kool-Aid injection, unbelievable. So siliconangle.com is covering as much of that as physically possible. Andy Jassy made a big point this morning and at the private analyst meeting of talking about the context of the cloud market. He's very sensitive to people misinterpreting growth. They're a 26, 27 billion dollar business exclusively focused on infrastructure as a service and they're totally transparent about the size of that business. Everybody else throws in sass.  And all these other things, they mix in hosting, and you really can't tell what's what. Despite that, Amazon is by far the leader infrastructure as a service with over 50% of the marketplace. Now, they're only growing at 46%, but they're a 26, 27 billion dollar run rate business growing at 46%. So you see sometimes, like Microsoft growing at whatever, 70%, but they're much, much smaller. So the absolute number in terms of revenue growth is much, much higher for Amazon. So that's sort of point number one. The thing that Jassy doesn't talk about is the profitability of the business. They're transparent about it in their financials. Amazon has 28% operating margins. Now, just to put that in context, software companies like Oracle have 37% operating margins. Microsoft 32%, AWS, I just mentioned 28%, Cisco 25%, VMware as a software company with 22% operating margins. IBM 15%, Dell 8.7%, HPE 7%. This underscores the power of the AWS model at scale where they're driving the marginal cost of new services and deploying new services down to zero, and it just keeps getting stronger and stronger and stronger. And it's a great point. It's a flywheel effect totally Amazon like, but it's a great point. We've been seeing it for a long time. The competitive advantage is scale and speed. And Jassy's now adopting that into his rhetoric and into his narrative, absolutely true. And the other thing to point out on that margin and the profitability is that they're plowing it back in. So what you have at scale, and I wrote this in my Forbes post, and it's all on SiliconANGLE transcripts of my exclusive interview with Andy, is that not only are they profitable, so they have software like margins for what is a hardware business basically in the cloud that's stacking in a rack on their own servers, they're making their own chips. As they start getting the scale up, Dave, they are getting a competitive advantage on plowing the profitability back in to launch new services. So as the trajectory, and I kind of tease this out in my Forbes article I wrote, which is as you have a trajectory of growth, they're building on that trajectory and the competition is trying to copy Amazon and you can't get the trajectory value by trying to meet Amazon's current trajectory. That's called Dish Economies of Scaling, teach you that in business school. Dish Economies of Scales is a sub-optimized execution model where you don't have the learning experiences, you don't have the scale, Amazon has that trajectory and as people try to match them, they will lose and they're at that risk of losing because of the risk. So the only play for the competition in my opinion, like Google, like Microsoft, like others, is to change the goalposts. They got to change the playing field on Amazon. This is the number one thing that the industry is looking at. Amazon's making the market and they continue to make the market. As market makers, that's going to attract an ecosystem, that's going to attract value and more companies. The only competitive strike that anyone could make is to change the playing field. They got to change the game on Amazon. That is extremely difficult to do when you're operating at scale. You got the profitability numbers you talked about. So again, that is the new bar and as Amazon, we've said this every year, and every year they've done it, they've doubled their Aurora customers on the database side. Every year they introduced more services. Last year, in 2018, they'll have introduced significantly new services on the number of 1,800 plus. Okay, the year before was like 1,400. Next year will probably be higher. By introducing new services faster, that keeps the pace and that's what's hard to copy. It's hard for competition to try to match that and as they try to match it, they have the disadvantage of scale. This is a major advantage. This is going to give Amazon customers a comfort because they know that as that scale becomes more stable, products become stable, the flywheel kicks in and as data gets into the cloud, it gets sticky. So there's no real lock-in spec. You can move in and out of Amazon all you want, but why would you? Because the benefits of being in Amazon, far outweighed benefits of actually doing anything else. So again, the lock-in spec doesn't exist anymore from a technology feature standpoint. It's a lock-in spec on business model. It's better. Well, and I want to add something, I want to add some color to what you said about the new services and the pace of innovation. They're services of substance and we know this because our developers talked to us about Amazon. Andy Jassy told a story about one of his executives that was on a plane leaving Seattle. He didn't mention Microsoft, but clearly he was talking about Microsoft. There's somebody's laptop was up. They had their PowerPoint presentation. They said their strategy explicitly said, just announce what Amazon announces. Don't worry about the functionality. So what Microsoft is doing, presumably it was Microsoft, is basically saying check the box, freeze the market, we have that too. So to your point, competitors cannot compete with Amazon on pace of innovation, no way. What they have to do is, in the case of Microsoft, they have to rely on their software estate. In the case of Google, they've got their innovations. Okay, fine, but nobody can match Amazon head to head. They'll just lose every time. I like Google's position. I love Google's got the technology power, but you're exactly right. That competitive strategy of checking the boxes is an old way of competing. And I think what's interesting is the competition has not yet woke up to the fact that the game has already changed on them. Look at the public sector work that Theresa Carlson's done. The CIA deal really made Amazon a business model because people said, hey, the CIA could do it. We could do it. That's come up in all my conversations across all Amazon executives. But what's happening now with the DOD is that they're going sole source. That's Oracle's business. They try to compete on checking the boxes, but because it's so easy to use the cloud, and Andy talked about this as keynote, is that you can't fake it till you make it. You can't. You have the service that's got to be up and running. So it's very easy to do a bake-off. So that whole way of competing, of checking the boxes is over. The only way to compete is to have value, and that is a new flywheel. That's what's happening right now, and that's key. So let me set it up.  It's been a while. But you try to absorb all the innovation. So you try to boil it down. You got to look at it to simplify it. Two dimensions. One is the data, exploiting data, better use out of data, and the other is developers, and developer tools are making it simpler for developers. Their announcements, the 60-plus announcement that they made, I break them down into five categories. Storage and database services, compute networking and security. Third is ease of use and abstractions, making things simpler. Fourth is machine learning and developer tools, and the fifth is these new growth frontiers, like you mentioned, satellite as a service, and some other things like in hybrid that we're going to talk about. So the announcements kind of fit into that framework, but let's maybe highlight some of the announcements that we heard. We don't have a lot of time, but let me just run down the announcements real quick. The main ones. He started at the bottom of the stack and has moved up. Storage, deep glacier, FX windows file systems, luster for high-performance workloads. The new persona developer, he called it the builder, the right tool for the right job. This is a constant refrain he's been saying. Control tower, blueprints and guardrails, template-based approach to stand up new use cases for compliance, all the kind of detailed manual things that they're automating. Signal from the noise, I love that phrase he put on this big screen, that's our motto here at SiliconANGLE, security hub, lake formation, instant data lakes. He kind of was poo-pooing data lakes, which I love, I'm like, yeah, data lakes, data ocean. Data lakes is just one piece of it. Freedom around databases. So, one, storage was a huge part of the innovation and they're expanding that front and compute and storage that's going to be critical. The database war is definitely happening. Open engines, Aurora doubling customers, DynamoDB, runtime capacity on demand, sensors and time series data, so they have time stream. Blockchaining, address that straight up. Look, we love blockchains. The customers want it, we're going to look at it and understand it, then announce it. They announced the Quantum Ledger database, QLDB, Amazon Managed Blockchain Service, so you want Ethereum or Hyperledger, you got it. And then he moved on from database to machine learning. This is where SageMaker comes in. So, you got S3 and EC2, the pillars, you got Aurora, that's the key product, and then SageMaker, the other key product that the top of the stack sets the tone for all these abstractions. The machine learning trends, TensorFlow, you want to use it, no problem, we'll optimize it. Amazon inference engines, so elastic inferences. Latency, they got a chip, inference chip. Inferentia. Inferentia, so you put the chip and the elasticity service together, you have a powerful combination. That comes out of the Annapurna acquisition from 2015. Building and tuning and managing machine learning apps is going to be a control area, they're going to add value on, and insights coming from this, and marketplace capability, so, and then on and on, and finally, the Amazon on-premise stack, which is going to be called Outpost, is the final nail in the coffin behind the strategy, because think about it, you're going to put Amazon on-premise with a hardware device that's going to connect with the cloud, with all the innovation, and this is what Andy Jassy talked about. We're not just a software company, we're hardware, we're networking, we're compute, we're storage, and we're software abstractions, we're going to bring that and put it in a device, so we're going to basically create a Amazon cloud in a box solution on-premise to allow people to manage those latencies where network traffic is there. This is not just a software only, he's not going to let people run their databases on their clouds, it's the Amazon footprint. I want to make a comment about that. I came in to reinvent with the statement that Amazon actually is winning in hybrid. Now they used to not talk about hybrid, as you well know. How can I make that statement when they don't really deliberately go after hybrid? Well, the reason I made the statement is because the entire ecosystem is connecting to Amazon. S3 targets, Direct Connect, you've seen Amazon do things like Snowball and VPC, so now what Amazon is doing with Outpost is they're putting the exact same hardware that Amazon uses in its data centers, allowing customers to put that in their data centers, the identical configuration, control plane, hardware, et cetera, that move is going to really even further extend Amazon's lead in hybrid. And we're going to have Andy Jassy on Thursday, we've got a full day of coverage here, we're going to have Teresa Carlson on Andy Jassy, all the topics, Dave McKen, you name all the AI folks coming on as well, we're going to get into all this and extract the signal from all this signal out here. Of course, RDS on VMware, I forgot, it's got the other one. I mean, there's so much signal in there. There's noise, there's so much signal. IoT, their IoT strategy is bottoms up and very, very impressive. We're going to have Jerry Chen come on, former VMware cloud guy now, Greylock Venture Capital Partners over there, he's going to come on and analyze what's all the announcements. We're going to continue to tease out the announcement. Of course, go to siliconangle.com, check out all the news. It's a tsunami of content coming out of re-invent, totally game-changing day, so we're going to wrap it up here.  I'm John Furrier, Dave Vellante. Stay with us, we'll be right back.


On January 13, 2016, Navy Expeditionary Combat Command will celebrate 10 years as a type command in the United States Navy. Navy Expeditionary Combat Command was created to better align our Expeditionary Combat Forces and improve their combat effectiveness. Throughout most of our Navy's history, coastal and riverine warfare, diving and salvage, explosive ordinance disposal, Navy construction and Expeditionary Logistics Forces have provided core capabilities essential to the Fleet Commander's operational requirements, going back to the late 1800s. The riverine force can be traced back to 1862, diving and salvage to 1939. The launch of the Can-Do Seabees and Mine Disposal to 1941. The creation of the Navy Expeditionary Logistics to 1945. The launch of Coastal Warfare to 1964. An underwater construction force to 1974. All aligned under one type commander with the official establishment of NECC. While 10 years is a milestone our force recognizes, the establishment of NECC is professionalized. All that goes into generating expeditionary combat and fighting power for the Fleet. Our expeditionary warriors are continuously deployed to the tip of the spear across seven continents in support of six geographic and three functional combatant commanders. With our establishment we have seen the transformation of our expeditionary forces continue to meet our mission with integrity, accountability, initiative and toughness. We are enabling the Navy to conduct high-end conflict through our expeditionary task forces and our continued support and alignment with the United States Marine Corps. As we move into the next decade one thing is clear. The current and future demand signal for expeditionary combat forces remains high. Now into the future we will improve our combat effectiveness to promote and protect freedom of the seas. To keep up with that demand and all of our naval requirements we will continue to conduct rigorous and realistic training to inculcate our warrior ethos into the next generation of expeditionary sailors. In the very near future I will be promulgating my campaign plan for NECC to execute CNO Richardson's design for maintaining maritime superiority. Many of our civilians were plank owners here at NECC and have served us proudly for the last decade. And a number of our sailors are not only doing repeat tours but they've been in combat and served in difficult operational missions. No missions could be accomplished without the dedication and sacrifice of amazing sailors and civilian force that have served and are currently serving within the NECC Enterprise. Before Force Mass Chief and I close we want to again recognize those of our sailors in this force that have paid the ultimate sacrifice. Their ultimate contributions are not forgotten. We must carry their legacy with us as we continue the NECC mission.


Buongiorno, I'm learning Portuguese, and this is obviously primitive, but I'll try. So it's a really great pleasure to be here again, I've been at Google pretty much most of the week, I feel like I live here, doing the other think tanks, it's been really interesting. Obviously listening to the other presentations earlier this week and also this one, one thing is for certain that in my view the future of information is not information, it's experience. Finding a way to visualize, contextualize and create context and meaning. So you can say for example the future of Twitter, the reality of Twitter now is noise, it's nice noise but it's noise, the future of Twitter is meaning. So how do we do this? I think there's a lot of discussion about how we can add value to products to make them more meaningful and so my job as a futurist is to help people sort of anticipate the trends that are coming. I'm heavily involved in travel, of course not just because of my work, I'll show you in a second, but also I work with clients who are in the travel business, hotel chains and airlines and tourist organizations because my view is that because we're moving into a fully digital world to where we're always on and connected, we're going to cherish those experiences even more and we're going to have more than need to actually get together and meet even though we have videoconferences and teleportation and all these things. So as a traveler, I lost in 2011, I flew 60% of the miles of an airline captain. Last year I actually flew more miles than a captain, this was the year before. I also learned a lot by staying in really bad hotels where you have to use your own imagination to heat up your food. So I have some personal experience to share there, but let's ask the question first what is a futurista, which is a great word here in Brazil. I like much better than a futurist actually. So my work is to look a little bit into the future, three to five years. I'm not doing the work of say Alvin Tofflo or Ray Kurzweil that you may know, I wish I could, but most of my work is three to five years and I try to make the future touchable. So my job today is for you is to give you a point, a touching point, where you can reach the future. Most of that you will already know, because clearly, you know, if you're not, if you haven't lived in the North Pole for the last five years, you know that mobile is becoming really important and things like that. So that's kind of the present and also the future. It's really kind of both. The only thing we can be sure of about the future is that it will be absolutely fantastic. So if what I say now seems to you to be very reasonable, then I'll fail completely. Only if what I tell you appears absolutely unbelievable, have we any chance of visualizing the future as it really will happen. This is Arthur C. Clark, 1941. So I want to be unreasonable with you today. I'm not here to give you recipes or to give you prediction. I'm not Nostradamus, but I would like you to think about how you can actually make a huge difference in what you do rather than put a small minor change on it.  If you're looking at this graph, global population, roughly 8 billion people, probably even more by 2020, and over 60% of those people connected to the Internet. And that is also here in Brazil. Right now, you know, the numbers are not so hot in Brazil. They're good in general, but you know, 50% of Brazilians, I think, are 50 million. That's not 50%. That's a lot less, 25%. And 10% on mobile. So it still has a long way to grow. But Brazil is the number one country in the world for the growth of the Internet from year to year. So it's very interesting to see that now we're becoming what's called a digital society. And even people who only have $5 can buy a tablet. In India, the Aakash tablet costs $31. And very soon, Amazon will make the Kindle free, because if you buy five books, the box is free. The box was $5. Not a big problem. So digital default will be not subject to having money. And that's a big change. And that is coming in the next three to five years. So basically what that means for businesses, it means this, transformation. It does not mean putting another antenna on your car or a different tire. It means becoming a different company, a different entity. And there's a shift that we're going to see in the next three to five years. Because of all this, all of us will have radical transformation, including of course what's called cloud computing. Everything that we do, our music, our movies, our health records, our education, is moving into this thing called the cloud. And this cloud, to a large extent, will be local, like Brazilian clouds will have as well, but to 80% right now, they're American clouds. And that will really change also. But anyway, everything in the cloud means that all my travel information, all of my confidential information, all of my driving records, and people have different levels of access. So you can imagine this brings up a huge amount of privacy issues. But if you don't share information, then Google can't do all the cool things that they want to do. Like they showed you earlier, if Google doesn't know who I am, of course they couldn't do that. So cloud computing, moving information to the cloud is a very big deal. And the real challenge for us is this. We're now living in a world that is vastly exponential because of technology. And Ray Kohl's words have basically what is happening today, we can't possibly understand technology in the same way because we are human. We're linear. We're counting 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. And I'm not going to think 10 times as fast in 18 months just because I use Twitter. It's not possible. So as much as I can try, I'm not going to be like a machine because machines are exponential. 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32. When you count to 100 exponentially, you get to a billion. Right now here in Brazil and also on a global level, we're shortly before this takeoff point. We're at 4 and the next point is not 5, it's 8. And in 32 months, in less than three years, less than three years, you'll be at 32. Because the numbers are mind boggling. So exponential change is a challenge. We have to really start thinking about where's the travel business going to go? Where's tourism going to go? Are we going to continue to travel like we have? Will business travel evolve in the same way? I mean, look into the numbers again. Brazil is the leader in internet growth. Will tomorrow's world be just an extension of today's world? Well, the answer is pretty safe to say, definitely not. Will we have 10 times as many cars in Sao Paulo than we have today? God forbid. But will we have car sharing? Will we have electric cars? Google has the self-driving car initiative. It is certain that in 10 years, most major cities will have public electric self-driving cars like we know from Robocop or Blade Runner. That's a certainty because technology exists. So think about that for tourism. What that means is an absolute mobility revolution. Everything is becoming mobile. The information, the bookings, the sharing devices, Google glass, internet on your iris. So within three to five years, 50% of all internet access in developed countries, and I'm counting Brazil now as a developed country. Sorry to tell you, but that is the reality. So will be done on mobile devices. If you today sitting here and your website isn't mobile, this is the first thing you should do tomorrow morning. Of course, you know that. But mobile commerce, all the things that are happening on mobile will be mind-boggling explosive. So travel now is becoming a really interesting business. On the global level, you know of course that what is referred to as the long tail, a lot more people are going to a lot more different places. So mainstream is going like this. People are not just going to Las Vegas to have fun. They can go to 100 places now to do that. And the choices are endless. Even if you're a student in Europe, you can go to Thailand for the same price, you can go to Spain. Now it's becoming obvious. For example, if you're looking at these graphs, some e-marketer, you're seeing quite clearly here that the amount of travel cells in developing countries and the brick countries, even though Brazil doesn't really count there, is explosive. And the same goes here. It's a little bit hard to see. You can download, by the way, the PDF later on my website, futuristgird.com, like G-E-R-D, futuristgird.com. You can take a good look at these stats. So I'm going to borrow the Nike commercial and pose to you that you need to find your mobile greatness. The Nike commercial being find your greatness, I'll just amend slightly. Find your mobile greatness. What is that? How are you going to look like for people when they use mobile devices? What's the user experience? Because now we're moving into the future, as we know from ourselves, the people formerly known as consumers. We're not just consumers anymore. We're participants. We're a jury for hotels. We're rating our doctors. We're contributing information. In fact, you could say that the metadata, which is all the stuff that we generate, the likes and the browsing history and the location, the metadata is becoming just as important as the data. This is why everybody wants us to like them on various other places that we won't mention here. So the people formerly known as consumers now in Brazil, you know what that means, right? It means we're getting off our couch. We're no longer just taking things and accepting them as reality forever. And that's a global trend, you know, and this has a real impact on us for business reasons. Privately, we're very happy about having more power. But as businesses, increased consumer power is a pain. Because we're subject to more criticism. Give you an example. Last year I was in a hotel called the Night Hotel in New York. I definitely recommend you don't go there. And I booked it through Tablet Hotels, which is a website that I use. And it turned out to be rather awful. So I'm a senior review on TripAdvisor. It's my ongoing experiment about whether it's all lies or whether it's real. I contributed to TripAdvisor. So I wrote a review on TripAdvisor about this hotel, as you can see there. And in a very short time, like half an hour later, I got an email from the organization, from the Tablet Hotel, saying that if this hotel goes below the rating, one more time, we will take them off the list of recommended places. Because they looked at my social rating, they looked at my TripAdvisor status, they looked at my other public stuff and said, well, this guy must be something about this. So this hotel instantly, one more time, they're off the list. And this is happening on the global scale. It happens to politicians, as you know. It happens to companies, it happens to airlines, it happens to record labels. It happens everywhere. It's empowerment. So as a business, what is the best course for your future is to radically empower your customers. In fact, it's the only way forward. And the Amazon paradigm of doing this, Jeff Bezos calls this customer delight. That's all that matters. So if you take home one thing from today, delight your customer. That is the key for the future.  What happens most in the future is to experience things. You can send people huge amounts of information about how great this place is, but really how they're going to decide what to do is an emotional decision. It has to have an impact. If it doesn't have impact, it's just noise. So whatever you do in terms of presenting things, shoot for the experience. Because now we have a global transformation that's driven by the digital culture. From product to service to experience.  I'm not interested in your product or the price. This is why it's wrong to put this buy button everywhere and just scream at people, please give me money. They'll give you money when they're ready, when the experience is correct. So look at the shift here from computers to tablets to Google Glass, computing has become an experience. Without interface. You compute just by saying something, as we will see later. So becoming an experience, the other thing is of course your mobile phones, my good friend Michael Douglas from the old days, SIM cards, bundled music as a service and lastly, the mobile world as an experience that we go into. In fact, you could argue this mobile experience is so good, it's addictive. I'm sure you would agree. When we are sitting together having dinner people are going like this on their Blackberry, whatever Blackberry is now. So it's addictive. This is clearly becoming an experience. So I would propose to you here in Brazil, this would be a top goal for whatever you're doing, promoting Brazil, realness matters. Because you could think when you think about the virtual world that all matters is connectivity or some dressing up of data. But this here on the left is a design for the future island of the Maldives. Why are they doing this? Because climate change is wiping out the Maldives, rising waters. So they're proposing to build this. Here on the right is the Venetian Hotel in Las Vegas, which is a great place. Now 68% of Americans that go here say they're not going to go to Venice because this is just as good. Can you imagine that? That's a world I don't want. Realness matters. And if you have something real to offer I think that's the future rather than making a copy of it. But here's a tough part. We're living now in a world where we used to separate the physical things in a real life or what people call the meat space to cyberspace and digital. That was, I don't know, 100 years ago. Now this is becoming so close that basically it's melting together. There is no difference between online and offline. This is just a mental state. In three to five years from now this will be completely converged. So whatever your strategy is, there is no such thing as a digital strategy. That would be like saying I have a water strategy when you have a house. The internet is like electricity. It's a little bit far-fetched of course for Brazil to say when you drive outside the city you don't get any 3G signal. But that will change very quickly and dramatically. So the other thing I want to impress on you is whatever cool tech you're inventing and whatever cool SEO you have and other things that you're doing to build a better business it comes down to one thing. Trust. People will do anything if they trust you. They will do absolutely nothing if they don't trust you. So whatever technology you use it has to convey trust. This is why real-time information and conversations are so important. Because trust is usually done with some sort of transparency. You make a mistake? It's okay. You can admit it, it's okay. You provide long information, you can change it. But technology needs to be based on trust. And this is the number one mission when we use technology is to convey trust so we can get a transaction. Because without trust there is no transaction. So the other thing that's happening is I'm sure you're aware of this is that technology is becoming so good and so powerful that we're looking at the rise of artificial intelligence. This sounds kind of science fiction. But when you're speaking in your mobile phone and say it's Google, look for XYZ location, that's artificial intelligence. If somebody suggests to you at another web page when you're browsing because of the cookie on the browser, that's a primitive form of artificial intelligence. So smart software agents that will go out and fetch information. That's what we just saw in the demonstration earlier. That's what we can fully expect in the next couple of years. Very powerful technology. Digital butlers fetching things for us. This leads me to a very important topic. You've seen in the press of course the last couple of months the topic of big data. Big data means nothing else. But what it used to mean was big data but if you're looking at five years ago it was down here, now it's up here. The amount of data that we are generating. Location, likes, favorites, referrals, browsing, web pages, information sharing, uploading, now it's exploding. So we are in the aggregate, the 2.5 billion people on the internet, we are essentially the content of all these places. And of course there's a saying that says if you don't pay, you are the content. So we are the content, in fact of search, we're also the content of Facebook. But what's happening here is that we have an unprecedented amount, variety, volume velocity of this data. And if you're in business today, you need a data strategy. What do you do with the user's data? Who figures out who connects to who? How do you get to them? What permissions do you have? I can't tell you how many times I've been in hotels all over the world, the same hotels like maybe ten times in a row. Ten or twelve times no. And they still don't know who I am. Can you imagine that?  I mean, they should know who I am. Not by tracking me or so but by finding a mechanism of some sort. Big data is absolutely crucial. In the future, big data is going to look like this essentially, data in the middle of everything we do. That doesn't mean that we won't use our human judgment to create a human experience. But collecting data and doing things, you know, increasing the amount of business intelligence, those tools are widely available now. Social media monitoring, tracking, looking at all these things. I mean, this is basically also a way of predicting things. Prediction technology is now becoming rapidly a standard, not prediction in terms of very long term, but predicting demand and therefore acting differently. Especially for hotels, this is a big deal. So business intelligence is going real time, real place, social and predictive. And you should get involved with this because there's a huge amount of potential here, also because there is clearly a way forward for a lot of different ideas. So this handshake between humans and machines is our future. That can be very scary. Because, you know, this is actually becoming, this machine is actually becoming very human in the sense of it acts sort of, you know, if you use Siri for example, it kind of acts like it's human, right? So this interface of humans, big data, artificial intelligence and software creating intelligence business is a very powerful error for the future. Let me come to one important point. Peter Drucker, the famous management guru, said that in the greatest danger in times of change and turbulence is not the turbulence but is to act with yesterday's logic. How can we possibly make a business plan for three years from now for our business if we don't even understand today? So how many people I talk to, especially with big companies, who've never used a mobile for booking anything? So from their point of view, it doesn't matter if it's mobile or not because it's not their reality, it's all parallel realities. But to act with yesterday's logic, give you some examples. I worked for the music business for a long time, yesterday's logic and the music business was to say, we don't allow people to download for free because it kills our business. Well, turns out not true. Turns out opposite is true. They make it available to everyone under some sort of reasonable license like Spotify or others, business booms. Wrong logic. TV advertising, disruption, yelling at people, yesterday's logic. Are you really going to buy something from a company that yells at you through a billboard or through your mobile phone? You'll hate them. Sides that are not mobile optimized, I hate them, I leave. Yesterday's logic. Marketing that creates mousetraps and data that's useless. I mean, yesterday's logic is interesting only until last week. So it's kind of deadly to act based on yesterday's logic. But of course then you don't know tomorrow's logic because it doesn't exist. So what you need to do is to create tomorrow's logic and get away from this thinking of scarcity. This is also yesterday's logic. Scar's money, Scar's travel, Scar's connections, now we have abundance. We have every possible option. So look at kind of a new logic there. This is Burning Man. Now you've been to Burning Man in California, but this is me over in, I'm just kidding, it's not me. I wish it was. I mean, I've been to Burning Man, but I didn't take a photo. So defining a new logic in your company takes imagination. It takes playfulness, it takes discovery. If you don't allow your staff to discover anything, if you block all the other stuff from their networks, if you make them work exactly by the minute on exact plans, of course, how are they ever going to discover the future? It requires this. It requires the possibility of thinking something that doesn't exist, like going in a car in a freeway and playing chess. And this is the reality we have now with the self-driving car. So for the CEOs, and hopefully some CEOs here as well, and human resources, we have to set our teams free to discover that logic. That's crucial. So if it's not happening in your company, go home and ask to be set free, otherwise you could quit. Because it won't work. We need to have a space to discover what's happening next. Let's talk about advertising. As you know, good old-fashioned advertising, roughly a $650 million business, billion-dollar business, a huge business is dramatically changing. It goes from the old business of lying, like this coke ad, of yelling, of watering canning everyone with the same information and yelling through the web and it goes to a new business and that business is getting inside people's head. And worse or better, you could say, inside people's heart. Advertising today means you have to find a direct path into that door that is made open for you. You don't come with a cannon and blow a hole. You take the opening that's there and you provide meaningful information. Advertising becomes content. Advertising becomes a meaningful addition to your life. Ideally speaking, it can always be done, of course. This is a tall order. But now advertising is changing to be a magnet, to be useful. And how do you do that? You create value through advertising. Lots of great examples starting with BMWfilms.com that created movies around BMWs six years ago and of course apps and movies or making searching fun like the previous clip showed. And it's all about this social, local, mobile. Solomo, right, as the abbreviation goes. So advertising is now changing from this, you know, and if you are in this mode of the watering can, you use television, print and radio and sometimes that's useful. Because you want to read everyone and you have the budget. But really what you want in the future for advertising is this. You want to have a sprinkler system. You want to reach the exact people that have this profile, that are interested at the moment, that are ready for action or ready for interest, you want to be able to involve them. So it goes from pushing and yelling and lying, which advertising to large degree has always been about lying, about stuff that really wasn't true. Now to pulling, involving and sprinkling. And there's many ways of doing this, I'll show you a couple of them. First, a quick movie, I think that's really important to question what we do and what we're assuming about our reality. Again this is the USS Montana requesting that you immediately divert your course 15 degrees to the north to avoid a collision over. Please virtual course 15 degrees to the south to avoid collision. This is Captain Hancock you will divert your course over. Negative Captain, I'm not moving anything. Change your course over. This is the USS Montana, the second largest vessel in the North Atlantic Fleet. You will change course 15 degrees north or I will be forced to take measures to ensure the safety of this ship over. This is the lighthouse major to your call. Yeah, so the alleged ship was a lighthouse. So the question I have for you, sorry about this was supposed to stick around there for a while. The question I have for you, which assumptions do we have about our business? And now they're still true. And this is the most common problem when we're looking at building our future and creating future scenarios is that we're taking today's assumption and we're just leaving them there and then we put some future on top. But the assumptions of the future are different. Give me one example. The global socially conscious environmentally oriented consumers are exploding.  They just want to have a nice vacation somewhere and switch off. Not true. This is a global trend that we're seeing around the world. A trend to what is called people planet profit. You know the triple bottom line. I'm sure you heard about in various other publications right? It's this idea of saying that it's important to cover all of those bases and this I would propose to you could be a winning proposition for tourism in Brazil. Not just ecotourism which is also an interesting scenario. But this tourism based on three things you know people planet and profit like you know you see in the textile industry you have an organization called the Sustainable Apparel Coalition that is talking about how you can actually save and exchange clothes and not buy new ones and so on and so on. So keep that in mind when you're thinking about this. I think Sustainable will become the default requirement in all business everywhere. Travel, cities, tourism transportation. Building, construction, real estate. And it's not becoming like what it has been sort of a nice to have occasionally. I think this is a major trend that we're seeing around the world. So I want to ask you what do you believe? Okay here on the left world passenger traffic, annual growth rate you know in 2009 obviously it dived but everything else looks like more people in a fly all the time. But I want to tell you that I think in less than five years we will have environmental surcharges for carbon that will make the ticket twice as expensive because you pay once for the ticket and once for the carbon, the CO2 reduction. That is very likely to happen. You have to decide what you believe. The other thing is we have this global trend on the right it's called the fear of missing out, FOMO. That drives people to go everywhere because they always want to be part of something. And then we have the trend on the left from J. Walter Thompson described as the joy of missing out. Jomo. So people are okay with not always being somewhere else. You know to go to their own country for example. It's funny you know I live in Switzerland so when I go on the mountains in Switzerland to go hiking I often meet people from Bali, Indonesia. Let's say Switzerland is the best place in the world and then I go to Bali and I meet people there and I am from Switzerland why don't I just do the same thing in Switzerland and they stay in Bali would be a lot better. But so we have this debate between those two things so I think ultimately comes down to this we always have to take a sustainable view in our advertising and our products and our business relationships. And I think that's kind of a new trend also. Okay in terms of marketing and how we go forward you know clearly we're seeing in Brazil the trend towards social as you know. You know Brazilians are number two on Facebook and I think number one on Twitter along with Indonesia. So what's happening here is that social is becoming more and more important including the amount of minutes spent on this it's clearly a trend towards this concept of interaction before transaction. In other words you won't sell anything unless you previously had a conversation of some sort. An interaction. That's why I liked about Arvina's talk yesterday and we'll talk more about that later is that this concept of saying you know constantly screaming at people buy buy buy click here and people are not ready to buy then and you have to have an interaction. You have to think about this a little bit larger. Let's talk about visuality. This is one of those interaction tools. Clearly what we're seeing is that video is exploding and there's estimations by Cisco saying that about 80% of all internet traffic in the next five years will be video. I mean clearly video is exploding. You can see that all around whether it's short form long form. Here you can see on this chart that the biggest growth in video is in Brazil and the information that people are sharing and Kevin Kelly the co-founder of Wired he depicts this trend and says basically we're going from morality from speaking to literacy to reading to visuality. Looking at images, slideshows, pictures, augmented reality, visuality. This is a very powerful tool. In other words if you can be visual with your information and show slides or 360 view or a video or any sort of augmented information you should do that. It's kind of interesting to see actually because of technology that a lot of kids don't read much anymore because you know they get pictures or videos. Where that has taken us I don't know but visuality is a key trend that you're seeing and advertising you're seeing it around the world for example in various things that bands do with their pictures with the Nike channel for women with all the stuff that's happening with mapping and all these things. So basically visuality is crucial. Introducing eBay Feedback. We created it from Matt and all kinds of passionate people so they can discover new items that are inspired by the things they love. So when Matt enters Italy into feed Italy is exactly what he gets. Things like espresso machine. Very simple trick that eBay is using if I'm this guy and I like Italy then when I come in I get this huge multimedia show about Italy. I don't actually have to do anything. This information could be done on your website. You could show your clients exactly what they've been looking for in some sort of interesting slideshow video feed. So what it comes down there to is a very simple thing. You show things to people you involve them and then you sell. And this is also the user empowerment. The user wants to know that you have something to say. So Swiss did this thing this special advertising campaign where you could go Swiss Air and Switzerland where you could go and sing the song I'm going to San Francisco and upload it to YouTube and the winners would get some tickets. And this was a very powerful campaign. I mean if you're looking at this old saying from Confucius it says tell me and I forget. Show me I'll remember. Involve me and I'll understand. You want to do all three of those things but the ultimate way of selling of getting to a conclusion is to involve people. I'm going back to the experience what I said earlier. So when you talk to your CFO and the money people in the company let's propose a different kind of ROI of return on investment. I call this return on involvement. How involved are people with you? That's going to make the money. It's not meaningful to measure things that don't exist or to use the wrong metrics to measure the wrong results. Social capital shows the same thing. Now there's many hotels already giving upgrades to people who have a high cloud score if you know this company called cloud and don't really know what to think of that but it's a trend. Now there's some research for example Edelman had this really great research on purpose and the key question in Brazil is almost at the top right after India. If companies make a difference you buy from them. I mean look at this stat pretty clearly shows that you are interested in company's values. So if your company's values don't exist or they're not visible people are less likely to buy from you. This is clearly a trend that we see on a global scale. Real time all the time this is tough but I'm not interested in yesterday's information about destinations or restaurants. I'm interested in information from today from a couple minutes ago. The mechanical age is gone, the digital age is here, a stream of content, live and real time information as you see in maps. This explosion in offerings that are real time for example Uber caps in New York where you can call a cab that's actually a private car or Airbnb or hotels tonight. So one thing you can think about is like when you looking at your company which part of your offering can be made so you can use the internet and create things that didn't previously exist only from that in real time digital only offerings. I think that's a key because one thing is for sure we're living in a world of disruption so you basically have two choices either you are the ones driving disruption by creating something interesting that disrupts everyone else or somebody is going to do it for you. So disrupt or be disrupted. That's kind of a choice. I think we need to leap now. Let's go to the tech crew back there. This is the leap moment. Please go to slide 44 because I'm a little bit out of time I was vastly optimistic on my speed but I think we can probably make this work. So let's go to 44 please and we'll do the summary. Also I'm available for questions afterwards but I hope you are a little bit excited about the future and ready to transform. I think what we're seeing here is a huge opportunity especially here in Brazil considering the boom times that Brazil is going through but also the reality of the context of where this is going to go. So a summary all commerce is going visual, mobile, real-time, always on, prevent this offline is a luxury real place, the cloud, social, personalized fluid and predictive. A lot of that stuff sounds a little bit like science fiction when you can't go online outside of Sao Paulo or so but the trends are clear and preparing for those I think is crucial for the immediate future. So here's a short summary of the key points and then I'll finally get off the stage here. Point number one, future is about transformation. Look at your company and say what are we going to be in five years and are we not just going to be in a new building or new office we're going to completely reform what we do. Look at the major car companies. All the car companies are becoming transportation companies. They're realizing it's no longer going to be just about cars but about transportation and mobility. That's transformation. Exponential world. When you're living in an exponential world you can't wait and observe. That's what we do in Switzerland we have to think about what is next while it's happening. Trust and technology. This is not a separate thing. Digital and physical is becoming the same thing. The mobility revolution. Do a simple exercise. Do all of your work in the next four weeks only with a mobile device. I won't tell you which one. Then you can find out where we're going with mobile. Visuality. If you can do it with images you can do it with video you should. This is a trend that we're seeing on a global scale. Big data. How do you use your data? Which data are you allowed to use? Are you making intelligent decisions based on data? Personalization mobility that's already part of the other thing. When you talk about money don't think about return on investment. That's the second thought. Think about return on involvement. It is almost certain when you're obsessed with return on investment you won't get any return because you're jumping the gun on the process. So return on involvement is really what we're talking about here. And discover tomorrow's logic. That is a process of finding and moving over. So as Alan Kay the founder of Intel says the best way to predict the future is to invent it. That's what I wish to you. Thanks very much for your time.