I think that both sides in the relationship are too focused on trying to persuade the other side of the correctness of their point of view, to persuade the other side to think about the problems and challenges in the way that they do. So from the U.S. side, for instance, the U.S. very focused on trying to persuade with argumentation, not only with pressure, but with argumentation, persuade the Pakistanis to see the risks and the opportunities in Afghanistan the way that the United States does. I liken this to the problem of road rage. I think you're never going to persuade another driver that you were right and they were wrong. In fact, the only people who hear loud and clearly what your arguments are and have some understanding of them are the people in your own car, typically your wife sitting next to you. And you don't resolve the problems by exhibiting that rage and trying to, as I said, persuade the other driver that they're the ones who aired. My recommendation is to focus more on practical action than on trying to, from the Pakistani perspective, persuade the United States of the correctness of their historical argument and the necessity of looking at the problems of the region through a historical lens and through an India-centric lens and from the U.S. perspective of overly focusing on trying to persuade the Pakistanis that the problems that we see in the here and now moment in Afghanistan are the dominant ones and that our way of resolving them is the correct way. Now, the Pakistanis often have complained to U.S. officials that they think the U.S. is overly transactional in its approach to the relationship. My recommendation is not to be less transactional in the relationship, but to the contrary to be much, much more transactional about the relationship, to see it as a relationship of two parties with two sides in which there is a need for exchange of benefit. And through that perspective, I think what the United States needs to see is not only what are the ways to pressure Pakistan to take seriously U.S. concerns, but to make a clearer case as to what is on offer for Pakistan. And I don't mean carrots in the sense of financial assistance. I mean, what is it that the United States is prepared to do in terms of its strategy in the region and its vision of the relationship to attract the Pakistanis to something that can be of mutual benefit? And from the Pakistani perspective, I think there's much more that can be done to articulate how they see an exchange of being something that could be a basis for the relationship. What is it that they are prepared to do and not do? And what is it that is on offer from their perspective that could appeal to American interests? So a transaction and exchange based on a recognition of each side's interests, of the other side's interests, rather than being overly focused on how to, again, persuade the other side that each's own interests are the ones that need to dominate the conversation.


Chemistry is a science of discovery and questions. Why do the different elements and compounds react? Why do they react differently from each other? If I want to make a particular compound, how do I go about making that compound? Am I going to have to heat the reactants to get that compound to form? How much compound am I going to make if I start out with different amounts of reactants? How long am I going to have to wait for that compound to form? Chemistry is very important in all the aspects of our lives. Our whole body is run by very involved chemistry. The environment around us runs by chemistry. Most of the substances that we make are produced by chemical reactions. It's important for us to know how those reactions occur in order to make many of the decisions about our world. What I'd like to do is start out with having us observe a chemical reaction, a reaction between copper metal and nitric acid. In the first flash, we put in 20 milliliters of concentrated nitric acid. In the second flash, we put in 500 milliliters of water to which we've added a little bit of phenothaline. Phenothaline is an acid-base indicator that is colorless in the acid solution and pink in basic solution. In the third flash, we've put about 400 milliliters of 0.1 molar sodium hydroxide, which is a base. I'm going to add copper metal wire to the first flash. In the first flash, we've generated a lot of brown NO2 gas. When the copper is used up, the reaction will stop. The solutions will start to flow in the reverse direction. This is referred to as the red, white and blue reaction from the colors of the flask. There's a lot of chemistry that's happened in the reaction that you've seen. And by the end of the course, you'll be able to explain the reactions that have occurred in each one of the flasks. You'll have an exciting time during this course, and we hope that you enjoy it. It's now time to start that adventure.


Hello and welcome to the session. The given question says, solve the following differential equation and let's start with the solution. And the given equation is, y square minus x square into dy is equal to 3xy into dx. Or it can further be written as, on dividing both the sides by y square minus x square at dx. On the left hand side here, dy divided by dx and on the right hand side we have 3xy divided by y square minus x square. Now as we can see, this is the homogeneous function since the degree of the numerator is also 2 and the degree of the denominator is also 2. Therefore, quoting y is equal to vx here and first let us find its first derivative is equal to v plus x into dv divided by dx. So now substituting these two values in this equation, let this be equation number one. So one implies that on the left hand side we have v plus x into dv divided by dx is equal to 3 into x into vx whole divided by y square is v square x square minus x square. Or this is further equal to v plus x into dv divided by dx is equal to 3v divided by v square minus 1. Or this is further equal to x into dv divided by dx is equal to 3v divided by v square minus 1 minus v or before the half x into dv divided by dx is equal to in the denominator we have v square minus 1 and here we have 3v minus v cube plus v or before the half x into dv divided by dx is equal to 4v sorry 3v plus v gives 4v minus v cube divided by v square minus 1 or this is further equal to v square minus 1 divided by v cube minus 4v is equal to minus dx divided by x. Or before the half v square minus 1 divided by taking v common we are later with v square minus 4 which can be written as v square minus 2 square and this is equal to minus dx divided by x or we have v square minus 1 divided by v into v minus 2 into v plus 2 and this is equal to minus dx divided by x.  So in comparing this we find here that v square minus 1 is equal to a plus b plus c v square we have plus 2b minus 2c into v then we have minus 4a and I am comparing the constants here we find that minus 1 is equal to minus 4a which implies that a is equal to 1 by 4. Now from here as we can see on the left hand side we do not have any coefficient of v therefore we have 2b minus 2c is equal to 0 so this implies that b is equal to c and here on comparing the coefficient of v square on both the sides we get a plus b plus c is equal to 1 or we have here a as 1 by 4 b and c are equal so we have 2 times of b is equal to 1 minus 1 by 4 which gives 3 by 4 this is further implies that b is equal to 3 by 8 and since b is equal to c so c is also equal to 3 by 8 therefore it can further be written as a divided by v and here a is 1 by 4 so we have 1 by 4 divided by v plus b divided by v minus 2 b is 3 by 8 so we have 3 by 8 divided by v minus 2 plus c divided by v plus 2 and c is again 3 by 8 divided by v plus 2 and this is equal to minus dx divided by x now integrating both the sides on the left hand side we have 1 by 4 integral 1 by v into dv plus 3 by 8 integral 1 upon v minus 2 into dv plus 3 by 8 integral dv divided by v plus 2 and this is equal to minus integral dx divided by x or this is further equal to 1 by 4 log b plus 3 by 8 log v minus 2 plus 3 by 8 log v plus 2 is equal to minus log x plus log c or this is further equal to 1 by 4 log v plus 3 by 8 taking common from these two terms we have log v minus 2 into log v plus 2 and this is equal to log v square minus 4 since log a plus log b is equal to log a into b and on the right hand side we have minus log x plus log c or this is further equal to 1 by 4 log v plus 3 by 8 log v square minus 4 is equal to log of c divided by x or this can further be written as 1 by 4 log now we have assumed that y is equal to vx and the beginning so v is equal to y divided by x so here we have y divided by x plus 3 divided by 8 log y square divided by x square minus 4 is equal to log c divided by x or further we have log y divided by x raise to the power 1 by 4 plus log y square divided by x square minus 4 raise to the power 3 by 8 is equal to log c divided by x or we have log y divided by x raise to the power 1 by 4 into y square divided by x square minus 4 raise to the power 3 by 8 is equal to log c divided by x or we have y divided by x raise to the power 1 by 4 into y square divided by x square minus 4 raise to the power 3 by 8 into x is equal equal to c. Hence, on solving the given differential equation, we get y divided by x raise to the power 1 by 4 into y square divided by x square minus 4 divided by 3 by 8 into x is equal to c. So, this completes the session by intake care.


All right, good morning. How's everyone doing today? Yeah, come on energy. It's the first day. We got to get it going. You got to kick it off Get it going How many of you first cube con ever? Ho ho Welcome, this is like my eighth I'm so excited that you're here. This is the first part of a Multi-day extravaganza where we highlight our CNCF projects. These are open source projects We have 184 of them and it's our job to make sure that you get a chance to check out each one So it starts off with lightning talks. These are gonna happen all day starting here in a few minutes And we're gonna have one every seven minutes. There's gonna be a lightning talk from now until 5 p.m Here's how it's gonna work. We want you to experience all of cube con So if you need to hop in and out feel free to hop in and out Do what you need to do so like if there's other meetings that you want to check out Or things like that just feel free to sit in the back hop in and out We want to make it very ad hoc because the projects themselves will be coming in and out so Coffee and beverages are only going to be replenished during the break which the first one is like at 11 o'clock Restrooms are behind me. So when you go out the door and you go this way towards those stairs That's where the restrooms are those are also the access Elevators to go up the floor. So this cube con is very vertical So that's where the stairs are Co-located events if you want to experience some of the other co-located events You can always go to the registration center Where you got your badge and add a co-located event if you're interested in doing that All of these will be recorded and available on the CNCF YouTube channel If you hit that like button and subscribe if you know what I mean So afterwards if you miss a talk or you want to go back or tell a co-worker that kind of stuff Those will always be available We don't have time for Q&A. So projects will be here. They're gonna get there seven minutes And then they're gonna move on where you are gonna get your Q&A is gonna be the rest of the Conference at the project pavilion the project pavilion is revamped this year it Each of these projects will have a booth and a shift. So you have to check on it every day the most luxurious Couches in the entire conference center at the project pavilion So if you need a break your feet hurt come hang out talk to these wonderful open-source Maintainers that we have find out about their projects and then take that information with you and then go use this stuff because it's amazing All right, everyone feeling pretty good Yeah, all right. So let's give it a hand for our first speaker here We're gonna set up here and then we're gonna get going. I am gonna be here on the side So if you have any questions if at any time You are don't know where you need to be or you're not Finding the thing that you need to do It's literally my job to make sure that you are having a awesome and cute kind experience So the staff is ready to go. Are we all excited here? Yeah, Rick's here. Thanks for coming. Yeah, all right Let's go


Here to do a teach-in in Congresswoman Chantel Brown's office or as we call her the APEC princess she in her first election was a special election in Ohio, went up against a progressive Nina Turner who was at the time backed by a lot of the establishment and a lot of celebrities. So you don't allow recording in this office? And she received, she was she was losing the race for a while and Nina Turner was overwhelmingly winning and near the end of the race APEC and other pro-Israel lobby groups came in with with over two million dollars in ads in order to shift the election and her favorite they targeted Nina Turner in those ads slandered her and then Chantel Brown ended up winning the election. It was one of the biggest upsets to get out in incumbent who's usually stood for progressive values and then Chantel Brown was put in out of nowhere. In 2022 they continued to fund her campaign spending close to three hundred thousand dollars specifically on ads just against Nina Turner so that kind of speaks to it's not just about the funding of APEC going directly into people's campaigns it's what APEC will do to the candidates going up against you, suppressing them and in between that time Chantel Brown was also taken to Israel by the APEC lobbying group and on that tour they took her around Jerusalem but specifically they took her outside of the Gaza Strip and what really struck us is in August she was in an interview with APEC kind of promoting how you can be quote progressive and pro-Israel continuing to say that Israel is actually one of the most progressive countries that there are which is we know a lie given that they're an apartheid state that occupies land that is not their own and she described what standing outside of Gaza as being a vulnerable place where she remembers that they were facing terrorism from all sides so what she is suggesting in that narrative is standing by the gates that block people into Gaza that she saw a bomb shelter which exists because of quote you know Hamas rockets that fly into Israel and are threat of terrorism which is a total skew of the narrative and ignores the fact that which places being bombed as we speak every single day it is Gaza she was going to lose her election against Nina Turner because Nina Turner had overwhelming support from most of the party or either lobby groups on behalf of Israel came in spent over two million dollars in ads and won the election for an interference that's what we call it as someone who lives in northeast Ohio that's where I live currently it's really concerning that congressman brown is continuing to send funding to Israel when her own district is faced with such severe pockets of poverty it's like nothing has progressed since the 1980s in her own district yet she continues to send money to other countries who are committing genocide so I say to congressman brown support Ohio support district 11 and stop funding genocide


Live from Boston, Massachusetts, it's theCUBE. Covering Red Hat Summit 2019, brought to you by Red Hat. Well, good afternoon, welcome back here on theCUBE as we continue our coverage of the Red Hat Summit. And you know, every once in a while, you come across one of these fascinating topics. It's what Stu and I get so excited about when we do theCUBE interviews is that you never know where you're going to go, the directions you're going to take. And I think this next interview has been a fit into one of those wow interviews for you at home along with Stu Miniman, I am John Walls. And we're joined by Dr. Ellen Grant, who is the director of the FEDO Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center of Boston Children's Hospital, so far so good, right? And the professor of radiology and pediatrics at the Harvard Medical School. So Dr. Grant, thank you for joining us here on theCUBE. And Dr. Rudolph Pinar, who is the technical director at the FNN DSC and an instructor of radiology at the Harvard Medical School. So Dr. Rudolph Pinar, thank you for joining us as well. Thank you very much. All right, good. So we're talking about what's called the Chris Project, which was a technically based project, Boston Children's Hospital. I'm going to let you take it from there, Dr. Grant, if you would, and just talk about the genesis of this program, the project, what its goal was and how it's been carried out. And then we'll bring in Dr. Pinar after that. So if you would please. Sure, so the goal of the Chris Project was to bring innovative imaging analysis to the bedside, to the front end, where clinicians are not like I, are working all the time, but aren't sophisticated enough or don't have enough memory to remember how to do line code in Linux. So this is where I initially started when I was reading clinical studies and I wanted to run a complex analysis, but there was no way to do it easily. I'd have to call up someone to log into a different computer, bring the images over. Again, lots of complex steps to run that analysis. And even to do any of these analyses, you have to download the program, set up your environment. Again, many, many steps that are, if someone is a physician, I would rather deal with the interpretation and understanding the meaning of those images than all that infrastructure steps to bring it together. So that was the genesis of Chris, is trying to have a simple Windows point-and-click way for physicians such as myself to be able to rapidly do something interesting and then be able to show it to a clinician in a conference or at the bedside. And who's working on it then? I mean, who was supplying what kind of manpower, if you will, root off to the project? Kind of in the beginning, I would say maybe one way to characterize it is that we wanted to bring this research software which lives mostly on Linux onto a Windows world, right? So the people developing that software researchers or computational researchers who do a lot of amazing stuff with image processing. But those tools just never make it really from the research lab outside of that.  So people working on it are all this huge population of researchers making these tools. And what we try to do, what I try to help with is how do we get those tools really easily usable and accessible? And to make a difference, obviously. So that was a genesis, that was kind of the need that we had in the beginning. So it started out really as a bunch of scripts, shell scripts, you start to type a couple of stuff, but not so many things. And gradually with time, we tried to move to the web and then it began to grow. And then kind of from the web, stretching to the cloud. And that's kind of the trajectory in a nutshell. And as each step moved along, more and more people kind of came in to play. So Dr. Graham, I think back, I work for a very large storage company and remember, object storage was going to transform because we have these giant files we need to be able to store them and manage them and pull them up. But let's talk about the patient side of things. What does this really mean? We have to talk about order of magnitude that cloud can make things faster and easier. But what does this mean to patient care and quality service? Well I think what it means or the goal for patient care is really to get into specialized medicine or individualized medicine and to be able to not just rely on my memory as to what a normal or abnormal image is or the patients I may have seen just in my institution but can we pull together all the knowledge across multiple institutions throughout the country and use more rigorous data analysis to support my memory? So I want to have these big bridal in front of lobes that are there at the cloud that help me remember things and to tie these connections and not have to rely on my visual gestalt memory which is obviously going to have some flaws in it. So and if I've never seen a specific disorder say for example at my institution if they've seen it at other institutions we can run these comparisons all of a sudden I may be aware of a new treatment that otherwise I may not have known about. All right so Rudolf my understanding is this is tied into the mass open cloud which I've had the pleasure of talking on the program at another show back here in Boston. Talk a little bit about how this is enabled. I mean massive amounts of data you need to make sure you get the right data and that it's valuable information and to the right people and it gets updated all the time so give us a little bit of the inner workings. Exactly so the inner workings that can be a pretty big story but kind of the short story. We have time don't worry. The short story is that if we can get data in one place and not just from one institution but from many places then we can start to do things that are not really possible otherwise. So that's kind of the grand vision so we're moving along those steps and the mass open cloud for us makes perfect sense because it's there's a academic link to Boston University and then there's the red hat being one of the academic sponsors as well in that effort. This kind of synergy that came together really almost perfectly at the right time as the cloud was developing as Rudolf was moving in as we were trying to move to the cloud it just began to link all together and that's very much how we got there at the moment and what we're trying to do which is get data so that we can cause medicine really it's amazing to me in some ways there's all these amazing devices but computationally medicine lags so far behind the rest of the industry. There's so little integration there's so little advanced processing going on there's so much you can do with so little effort you can do so much so that's part of the vision as well. So help me out here a little bit I mean maybe a before and after. Let's look at the situation maybe clinically speaking here where a finding or a revelation that you developed is now possible where it wasn't before and kind of what those consequences might have been and then maybe how the result has changed now so maybe that would help paint a practical picture of what we're talking about. I can use one example we're working on but we haven't got fully to the cloud because all of these things are in their infancy because we still have to deal with the encryption part which is a work in progress but for example we have mined our clinical databases to get examples of normal images and using that I can run comparisons of a case that comes up to say whether this looks normal or abnormal so it flags the condition as to whether it's normal or abnormal and that helps when there's trainings or people not as experienced in reading those kinds of images. So again we're at the very beginnings of this it's one set of pictures there's many sets of pictures that we get so there's a long road to get to fully phenotype or characterize any one brain but we're starting at the beginning of those steps to very, to digitally characterize each brain so we can then start to run comparisons against large libraries of other normals or large libraries of genetic disorders and start to match them up. And you said you work in fetal neural imaging as well so you're saying you take an image of a baby in a mother's womb and many take hundreds, thousands, whatever it is and you develop this basically a catalog of what a healthy brain might look like and now you're offering an opportunity to take an image here on early May of 2019 and compare it to that cataloged look and determine whether it might be an abnormal normality that otherwise couldn't have been spotted before. Correct, and put a number to that in terms of a similarity value or a probability value so that it's not just me as a clinician saying well I think it's a little abnormal because then it's hard to interpret that in terms of how severe is the spectrum of normal how sure are you? So we put all these data together we can start to get more predictive value because we can then follow more kids and understand if it's that dissimilar what's most likely a disorder? What's the best treatment? So it gives you better phenotyping of the disorders that appear early in fetal life some of which are linked to we think can be treated say for example with upcoming gene therapies and other nutritional interventions so we can do this characterization early on we hopefully can identify early therapies that are targeted to the abnormalities we detect. So intervene well ahead of time. Absolutely. And also the other thing is I mean Ellen has oftentimes said how many images she looks at in a day and other radiologists and it's amazing she said the number 100,000 at one point so you can imagine the human fatigue, right? So imagine if you could do a quick pre-processing and just flag ones that really are abnormal but they can be grossly abnormal but at least let's get those on the top of the queue when you can look at it when you are much more able to think these things through. So that's one good reason of having these things sitting on an automated system say out on the cloud or where it might be. And where are we with the rollout of this and kind of expansion to maybe other partners? So a lot of stuff has been happening over the last year. I mean the entire platform is still I would say somewhat prototypical but we have all the pipelines kind of connected so data can flow from a place like the hospital it can flow to the cloud. Of course it's all protected and encrypted. On the cloud we can do any analysis we want to do provided the analysis already exists we can get the results back to a clinician. We have the interfaces, the web interfaces built they're growing so you can at this point almost run the entire system without ever touching a command line. A year ago it was partially there. A year ago you had to use a command line now you don't have to. Next year it'll be even more streamlined. So this is the way it's moving right now. And what's great for me personally about the cloud as well is that it's not just here in Boston where you can benefit from using these technologies. For the price of a cell phone and a cell signal you can use this kind of technology anywhere. You can be in the bush in Africa for argument's sake. And you can have access to these libraries of databases imaging that might exist. You can compare images that are collected wherever it might be just for the price of connecting to the internet. So you just need a broadband connection of some kind right? Yeah exactly. So when you think about it again about, even if we've talked about mobile technology, 5G coming on as it is, here in the U.S. rural health care. Yes, third world. Leveling that in third world. I was thinking more along the lines of here in the States even with some areas that just don't have access to the kind of obviously platinum care you get here in the Boston area. Exactly. But all those possibilities would exist or could exist based on the findings that you're getting right now out of the Chris Project. So where does the Chris Project go from here? Well what we'd like to do is get more hospitals on board. I think in pediatrics we have a lot of challenge because there are so many different rare disorders that it's hard to study any one of them from one hospital. So we have to work together. There's been some effort to bring together some genetic databases. But we really need to bring also the imaging databases together. So hopefully we can start to get a consortium of some of the pediatric hospitals working together. We need that also because normal, for normal you need to know the gender, the age, the ethnicity. So many demographics that are nice to characterize what normal is. So if we all work together, we can also get a better idea of what is normal and what is normal variance. And there's a lot of other projects that are funded by NIH building up some of those databases as well too. But if we can put them all into one place where we can actually now query on that, then we could start to really do precision medicine. And the other thing which we definitely are working on and want to do is build a community of developers around this platform. Because there's no way our team can write all of these tools, nor do we want to. But we want everyone else who wants to make these tools very easily hop onto this platform. And that's very important to us because it's so much easier to develop to Chris than it is to develop to Amazon. There's almost no comparison how much easier it is. Well, definitely a theme we hear echoing throughout Red Hat Summit here. Does that tie into the OpenShift community or what is the intersection with Red Hat? It definitely does because this is kind of the age of containerization which makes so many things so much easier. And this platform that we've developed is all about containerization. So we want to have medical or biomedical or any kind of scientific developers get onto that containerization idea because when they do that, and it's not that hard to do, but when you do that then suddenly you can have your analysis run almost anywhere. And that's an important part in medicine because if I run the same analysis on different computers I can get different results. So the containerization concept I think is something that we've been after which is the reproducibility that anybody can run it as long as they're using the same container we know we're going to get the same result. And that is critical. Yes. Especially with what you're doing, right? Yeah. You have to have that 100% certainty and standardization goes along the way towards achieving that. Fascinating stuff. Thank you both for joining us and good luck. You're an exciting phase that's for sure and we wish you all the best going forward here. Thank you so much. Thank you both. Thank you both. Back with more from Boston. You're watching Red Hat Summit Coverage Live here on theCUBE.


it's Monica I'm gonna share with you a quick topper review this topper was sent to me complimentary from wig studio one and this this is a brand new release I was super excited because you know I'm not a wig reviewer and or at least not one that reviews wigs constantly or consistently my channel is a little bit more of a mix so when I had this opportunity to get something that was a brand new release I was like holy mackerel I was so super excited so I reviewed this for week studio one on their YouTube channel but I also wanted to share it with you because I don't think as many of you may go over there or whatever but if you're interested in this a brand new topper review and I promise to be brief stay tuned okay so this is top coverage and and and this is a wavy topper meaning it has some curls which I like I would much prefer a wavy textured topper than something that is bone straight at least for me but this is a 12 inch topper and it's a mono top this this is hand tied this is super super comfortable this is going to give a lot of coverage so if you have a lot of hair loss but you still have some hair that you want to have some versatility of pulling your own hair through or you want to be able to pull it up and you don't want a full wig this might be just the perfect option so it's hand tied it's synthetic fibers and that means that the fibers are not as delicate say as you know the heat friendly fibers it has some clips it's got a lace front here a mono top and then it has three clips in the front it has three in the back so has six clips in total I'm going to turn it over so you can see this color is really nice this this color is actually shaded mocha and you can see it has sort of a medium ash blonde I actually think it's kind of like a golden more golden blonde but it says medium ash blonde light natural gold blonde blend with a medium brown but I love I love the versatility of this is super super awesome and it looks really great on now I'm not a long-haired person you guys know that but I'm going to put this on and show you what it looks like on me so because it's a mono top you can actually park this anywhere you want you can actually train this to be part of any way you want if you want down the middle I do have my widow's peak so I always have to be careful when I set something up for my widow's peak area this is a perfect piece I think the summertime if you want to put your up clip your hair back it's just really a nice nice piece so really cute really cute style lots of versatility up and down pin back a lot of hair more hair than I would wear because I don't usually have long hair so for me this is this is just too long for my own personal preference but for somebody else absolutely perfect so do you like this you think this would match your hair color and just so you can see my hair is a lot shorter see the coverage I just have amazing coverage amazing coverage I keep looking in the mirror over there because I can't see what I look like but this is like I said I have not got this pin down I thought way to keep this side probably with trim my bangs so a little bit just a little shorter here so they flowed better instead of going into my eyes that's probably what I would do but just want to share this with you guys so you can see it this is sent to me courtesy of week studio one so I can share it with you so you can see it brand new release from John Renau this is top coverage wavy top top or 12 monotop hand tied lace front really pretty wavy 12 inch length synthetic fibers and this is in shaded mocha really awesome color I think I wish I could just pull off longer hair like this but it just doesn't float my boat the long hair on me anyways thank you so much for watching


Welcome to Shabuagin County government working for you. This is our monthly program sponsored by Shabuagin County and we tried to bring you the issues and the people that are controlling the activities of Shabuagin County government. I'm Dan Lamayua, County Board Chairman, co-hosting the program with Adam Payne, our administrative coordinator. This month we have with us our Shabuagin County Community Resource Development Agent. It's a long title, but it's a short name Dave Such. It's good to have you with us today Dave. Thanks Dan. I'm looking forward to this program today because this is a department that I know very little about and usually politicians don't like to admit that, that they don't know something about an issue, but since I've been on County Board, I've gotten to know you Dave a little bit with the program you did for the Village of Woosburg a few years ago, but I really am not real familiar with your department and so this is gonna be a learning experience for me today just like our viewers. So maybe you could just tell us a little bit about yourself first and the position that you have in the UW extension. Sure, just a little bit about me. Grew up about 40 miles south of here in Germantown and I think back in the 1950s and we had a family, my uncle had a farm, we lived adjacent to it and we were sitting up on this end moraine and we could see we were about 25 miles away from Milwaukee and over the years saw Milwaukee encroaching and probably that's why that experience provided me with some impetus to go into planning and work on long range planning programs. We'll talk a little bit later, seeing the sprawl encroaching from the south and now we're seeing it encroaching in Sheboygan County. So just growing up 40 miles south of here gave me those kinds of experiences. I went to school at Carroll College and UW Green Bay got bachelor's and master's degrees in planning. I did some time at Southeastern Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission and Bay Lake Regional Planning Commission which Sheboygan County is in that region. And then about back in the 1980, joined extension as a similar position, community resource development agent that's quite a mouthful and also the department head and I was there for a dozen years before coming to Sheboygan County in 1993. And my wife who that was the whole reason for coming here really is the person I was going with was from Adele originally, Good Hollander, Pat Dolomis and we got married and we have a three and a half year old and she knew Sheboygan County was the best place to live and I would tend to agree. I've been here now eight years in the county and working with the local officials which is part of my, one of my responsibilities. And I find that to be true. Just some great people here and the quality of life in Sheboygan County is fantastic and as an extension agent, I have an opportunity to work with communities for maintaining and enhancing quality of life. You mentioned a UW extension and we're gonna say that throughout the course of this half hour program. I think there's probably a lot of confusion out in the community. I know I was confused for many years. What is the UW extension? What is the UW Sheboygan Center? Could you maybe just explain the functions of the office a little bit? Sure, we get those kinds of calls all the time asking about a certain course and they say we have to respond. Well, that's kind of our cousin, the two year campus. Back in the 60s, the two year campuses in the University of Wisconsin system were called extension but the county extension offices had been around for quite a while since about 86 years now, back to 1914. So we truly are the extension of the university and you might have heard of something called the Wisconsin idea that was going back around the turn of the century. The boundaries of the university are the boundaries of the state and we're as extension agents to take the knowledge and information of the university and apply it to people's real world needs. Actually, extension got its start back in the days of Abraham Lincoln in the 1860s when Abraham Lincoln recognized that for this nation to be a great one they needed to link our transfer information on the part of the universities to what was then subsistence agriculture. People were just growing enough food for themselves and Abraham Lincoln said to make this a great nation we have to be providing food for the railroad engineer for the factory worker and things like that and that required transfer of information from the university setting to the people out in the rural areas and that's really how extension got its start. The morale land grant college act which was passed in 1862 transferred federal dollars to states to start building a research base to apply it to increasing food for one example and then developing this network. It was then in 1914 when Woodrow Wilson president signed the Smith Lever Act which basically provided money to transfer that information and create extension offices like ours. So we've got a long tradition primarily started in agriculture. It's since evolved in Wisconsin the university of Wisconsin system is the land grant college and we are part of this huge university of Wisconsin system we're a little unique because we have a relationship with the county. I think from the historical past you can see there is a linkage between government and education and some people say well why is the county government in the education business but there is this long standing tradition and reason behind why government and education partnered and that tradition continues on it's not just agriculture. Now fast forwarding to the year 2000 in the university of Wisconsin system we have the 14, our 13 four year campuses like UW Madison, UW Milwaukee, et cetera. We have 13 two year campuses like UW Sheboygan, UW Manitowoc and then there's this thing called extension which is comprised of four divisions one of which is public broadcasting public television and radio is part of that division. We have one continuing extension education which provides training for people professionals like in real estate to keep them current and upgrading their skills. There's another one called manufacturing extension which has our small business development centers which provides counseling for people looking to start a business or existing businesses that need assistance on perhaps marketing or management things like that. And then we have this thing called co-op extension which I'm a part of. In Wisconsin we have 72 county cooperative extension offices and each one is a little bit different in terms of the issues we address. We are a partnership between the county, state and federal government. Our salaries are funded 40% by the county in which we work and 60% by the state and federal governments but we work 100% in the county we're assigned to. So I look at it from an economic development standpoint as we always talk about economic development theory plugging the leaky bucket our tax dollars are taxed away to higher levels of government. This is one way state and federal dollars are coming back into these positions. The county gets for 40% you're getting a hundred usually 150% because we have a lot of night meetings we spend a lot of time working with the citizens of the county out there. So it's really a good economic development strategy. You're getting state and federal dollars back into the county. So. We'll pay for the first 40% and let the state and your business pay pretty overtime. How many employees do you have in the extension office? In Sheboygan County we have a total of 12 and that's about in terms of other state offices that's about middle of the range. Some extension offices especially in Northern Wisconsin have fewer those agents might focus more on tourism issues or forestry. Some of the larger offices have in some cases 60 employees. So we're not small we're not large we're somewhere in between. We're an urbanizing county Sheboygan with about 112,000 people. So we're the way we're organized we have four major program areas one of which is 4-H youth development and some people throughout the county have heard of one of these. They may not associate all the other things falling under this extension banner but we have the 4-H program. A lot of people went through the 4-H program as youth. We also have a family living program. We have an ag and ag business and natural resources program and then mine is community natural resource and economic development. So we started out primarily focusing on food production and we still do some of that but we've evolved into much more taking that and looking at the real world needs of people and trying to bring university knowledge to bear upon those issues and problems. In case you have these four basic groups or divisions in your office what type of services to these four different groups offer to the community? A very broad spectrum. Probably people that know anything about the extension office know us for our bulletins and we have bulletins just about on everything from that covers the waterfront, the full spectrum. So especially in the gardening and lawn care and things like that. We're known for those but we have- So if I, you're the guy I call when I have brown spots on my lawn in three months from now. Right, yep. And typically we get calls for people that don't know where else to go. The extension office is typically the place where we get those kinds of calls and we usually don't turn anyone away. We'll try and, if we don't have the answers locally we'll try and find them. We have this huge research base. I mean we have the whole entire University of Wisconsin system backing us up and it's been said for each position in a county there's about at least $80,000 of specialist backup. So we don't have to be the experts in all the areas. However, we have these specialists in Madison and throughout the university system that we can call upon to get people the answers to their questions and their informational needs. Forage. People, you said a lot of people have gone through the 4-H program. Right. Tell us a little bit about what we have in Sheboygan County. Well the 4-H program in Sheboygan County is one of the top five in the state of Wisconsin in terms of enrollment. We have almost 1200 youth actively enrolled in 4-H plus our two 4-H agents work with other youth through high schools and middle schools, grade schools. The 4-H program itself enrolls children youth from the age of six to 19. And like I said, we have 1200 youth actively involved. We also have, it's a family opportunity. We have about 468 adult leaders in the 4-H program and really 4-H is all about teaching life skills. And in fact I work with a lot of local units and government, many of those local officials went through the 4-H program. So what we're trying to do is teach leadership skills and job skills. There's opportunities through the programs. Like typically people think of 4-H projects at county fair. However, those are teaching life skills and also developing job skills on the part of these youths. So and speaking, public speaking skills, you name it. We look at it as probably a good investment of taxpayers' dollars from the standpoint. I think I saw some statistics that it cost about over $44,000 to send one youth to the Lincoln Hills Correction Facility and we only have a fraction of that budget for a fraction of one youth going to Lincoln Hills for our entire 4-H program. So we think it's money well invested, especially when you're making that kind of positive impact with 1200 youth each year. We feel it's money well spent. With only two full-time staff, people working directly to the 4-H, you have a lot of volunteers working for it. I'm sure you're always looking for more. What kind of a commitment do they need to make to work with the 4-H programs? Well, typically I said we have about 468 adult leaders and they're volunteering on the average about 80 hours per year. If we affect some type of monetary value on that volunteer time, let's even say minimum wage around $5 per hour, that translates to about 32,000 hours times $5 is about 187,200. If we had to pay those a meaningful wage, say about $15 an hour, the volunteer time that's devoted to the 4-H program is over half million dollars, about $560,000. And that's all, again, volunteer gratis. But it becomes a partnership again with the 4-H agents. We only have two and we have a large program. We use the multiplier effect, training these leaders and bringing their skills into play and for positive outcomes with the young people of our county. So, again, we're a small staff in that regard, but I think by using the multiplier and just the volunteer commitment on the part of the Sheboygan County citizens, we've been able to like say take the 4-H program and develop it into one of the top five in the state. Great. You gave a wonderful history lesson earlier on the roots of the extension and the focus on the agricultural sector. And I'm real proud that I have a grandmother who has a Century Farm on TT here in Sheboygan County. And I know that she's received services from your office in the past. Could you touch on a little bit some of the services that are provided primarily for the agricultural community as well as the value of the agricultural sector for Sheboygan County? We'll just give you a little background on the agricultural setting in the county. Most people realize that the family farms are diminishing and I just in fact looked up some statistics of our county. If we go back 100 years, 1900, in Sheboygan County, we had 3,572 farms covering about 307,600 acres. That's 90, then 100 years ago, that was 95% of the land area of the county. And the average farm size was about 86 acres. 100 years later in the year 2000, the number of farms, I said we had 3,572 in 1900. In the year 2000, we had 1,170 farms. So yes, the farms have diminished. The number of acreage also diminished down to 204,000 from 307,000, which is about 63% of the land area of our county. So about a third reduction in terms of land area devoted to agriculture, but the farm size actually increased. It's now the average farm size jumped from 1900 at 86 acres per farm to 174 acres. And I think that's a trend we're gonna continue to see with the larger corporate farms that are popping up. So from that perspective, it still is an important segment of our economy. I mean, land-wise, we're talking 60% of the land area. And also, there's 1,200 farms out there yet, and that's a significant part of our economy. Our dairy and livestock, we have two ag agents. One focuses on dairy and livestock, the other on crops and soils. So they're continuously working on increasing knowledge on the part of our farmers to keep them current with new production trends, keep them profitable. And that's very difficult in this day and age, but that's what our mission is, to try and keep them profitable. And providing all different things, new and innovative things. I know our crops and soils agent went to a conference and he found out about 15-inch cornrows. And we started doing some pilots in the county on that. And the savings that would have for farmers and also the increase in profitability on implementing a new technique like that. So that's really what we're trying to do is apply research from the university and bring it to bear upon our local needs here in the county. I'm sure a number of our viewers didn't recognize just how many farms we have in Sheboyin County. And you said 1,200 active farms. 1,200 active farms. Could you be a little more specific on the role they have on our economy, the value that they bring? Sure. And just maybe one focus, the dairy industry. Of those 1,200 farms, there's about 339 dairy farms in our county with about 26,500 cows. The average milk production per cow is about annual milk production is 17,500 pounds. And annually, that means the sale, milk sales in our county is about $174 million. So that's a significant part of our economy. When you take a look at total farm and farm related employment in our county, we have about 12,000 jobs. There's obviously 1,200 farms. And some of these farms are hiring additional people. Some are working even three shifts. And so we have about 12,000 jobs or 20% of our county's labor force is in agriculture or ag related jobs. So that's a significant part. And again, we have two people on our staff that deal with that, trying to keep those, that part of our economy profitable. Very good. What are some of the other services that you provide to the agricultural community? Well, it's not only the agricultural community, but we're seeing now, even though the number of farms has diminished, we're seeing more hobby farms, people buying, moving former urbanites, moving into the rural area, purchasing 35, 40 acres. They're not used to that amount of land. And they have this acreage and they wanna know, well, can we do something, develop some specialty crops? What about herbicides and pesticides and things like that? There's becoming more of a need for the rural hobby farmer in our county, providing information that we kinda just took for granted for the actual full time farmer. This information has to be transferred so that, in fact, urbanites that have moved out to the rural areas, it's been said, have been applying fertilizers 10 times the rates of the farmer. And they need to know that more isn't often better and we're seeing the impacts of that through increased nitrates in the groundwater and things like that. So we continue to have probably more of an educational role in the agricultural area than ever before with these smaller hobby farms popping up and people not having the background. So those people are also coming to our office for information about the brown spots on the lawn from May until October. We have a training program, our crops and soils agent has a program set up that they train master gardeners. We have a 65 volunteer master gardeners that come into our office from May until October and handle the calls. We generally take about 700 calls during that period on garden, lawn, tree, portaculture I guess is what you'd call it, those types of questions. So again, we only have one individual, he would just be spending all the time on the phone. So we again use that multiplier effect and train people who in turn for the training and expertise, they volunteer time for our office. So that works extremely well. Earlier you mentioned the family living program. Could you talk about that a little bit more? Sure. Actually family living was one of the early, just like the county agent or the ag agent got it started a long time ago when the food was being produced. There was a real concern about food safety and how to prepare the food and things like that. So originally the positions were called home demonstration agents, teaching people how to safely prepare food and that's evolved. We now, we had a home economist and that's the position has changed to a family living educator. That person is taking more in the food area, taking a look at more nutritious foods when people are more concerned about diet as we're aging. Also financial management has become an important program of the family living educator, helping people manage their funds better, especially when we're seeing elderly people, especially a widow that may not have had anything to do with the finances now is put in a position where they're suddenly in control. The husband passes away, they need some help in terms of how they set up the checkbook and how do they do the cash flow and things like that. That's what our family living program is focusing on. So, we've been around for 86 years. We haven't stood still. We continuously try to focus on the changing needs of our citizens in the county and that's what we're all about. We keep our ears to the track and try and keep current and provide relevant information to meet their needs. One of my favorite stores is Fleet Farm and my father-in-law always says if you can't find it there, you don't need it. And you've talked about such a breadth of programs and services. I'm sure our viewers have a much better appreciation for all the services that you provide. In your role, how do you determine what areas to focus on? Well, two ways specifically, all county extension offices, once every four years do a major needs assessment. We involve community-wide surveys, do focus groups, face-to-face meetings, get input from the citizens we work with or don't work with, trying to get input as to what the priority issues are. So once every four years, we do a major county-wide needs assessment. So that provides direct input to keep us on track. And then each of the individual program areas also are doing needs assessments internally with our programs to make sure that we're on tech. Oftentimes, some of these, it may not be that scientific. For example, when I started in 1993, the big cryptosporidium issue hit Milwaukee and I got a call right in 1993 when I started in Sheboygan County from a rural homeowner and said, is there cryptosporidium in our water and how will we know? That got me thinking about the possibility of doing some type of a groundwater education program. And I did some research I found at the time, 10 years ago, we had 10,850 homes in Sheboygan County on private wells. That's a significant number, about 27% at the time, we're getting the water from private sources. So we developed at County Fair, we provided free water testing. We also have, now over the years, developed more in-depth programs working with our 15 towns in the county to provide a whole host, 25 different tests for people to make sure that they have a safe water supply. So part of it was, the number of phone calls we get, things like that will also determine our program directions. Sandy. You talked a little bit earlier, Dave, about the reduction in number of farms and acreage being used for farming. Land use, planning, these things have gotten a lot of talk lately. Could you just, we're running out of time real fast here, but could you just talk a little bit about some of the planning activities you've done with different communities? Sure, my degrees are in planning, I work for professional planning agencies. When I came to Sheboygan County, I had a request to help people establish a vision, help towns, villages, and cities establish a vision where they want to be in the future. Recognizing in the past plans pretty much were a top-down thing, we needed to involve citizens in this planning process. So we initiated a whole bunch of public participation techniques like community-wide surveys, getting input, granted this is more qualitative input, but it's the foundation. A lot of people start with zoning and they say that is what we want to try and upgrade. Well, zoning is the enforcement tool to implement a plan which is based on people's values. If we don't involve citizens in determining that vision, that's the broad foundation which we need to establish first. So I've spent the last eight years working with about 20 of the 28 units of government in our county, getting citizen input into this visioning process. We wanted to talk today about smart growth and a lot of other things. We really don't have time to do that. Maybe in a month or two, we could get you back. And the county board has established an ad hoc committee to deal with the stewardship issue. We passed the stewardship referendum recently in Sheboygan County and we need to deal with that and smart growth fits right in with some of those stewardship issues, some of the zoning planning issues that you're involved with. I know you're gonna be on that committee. I'm on that committee. Our first meeting is January 31st on Wednesday evening. For about six months, we're gonna have a number of meetings to organize this. These meetings will all be open to the public. Public is welcome to attend and give their input and hopefully we'll have a public hearing on the same issues. So maybe after we get into that a little bit, we can schedule another meeting, another show where we talk about some of those issues and see where that committee is heading and what's going on with that committee. Next month, we just recently had a ground breaking for our addition to rocking all. The whole issue of downsizing our county facilities or healthcare facilities. After two cancellations because of snow storms in December, we finally had a ground breaking. Next month, Adam, if I'm correct, we're gonna have Gene Larabee back and talk about that project, what's going on, and some of the issues involved with that and the downsizing and the care that we can give to the residents. And a month from now, hopefully, we'll be into that project a little bit more. And then we'll look forward to maybe having Dave back in a few months and talking about smart growth, some of these plans that these communities have to develop in the next, what, 10 years? Right. They have 10 years to do that. And some of the issues with the stewardship referendum. Again, if our viewers have any comments about the show, if you have any suggestions for topics that you'd like us to discuss, any questions you'd like us to answer, you could reach either Adam or I at our office, phone number 459-3103, and leave your questions. We'll be happy to either get back to you or we'd be happy to answer the questions on the show and bring out to the viewers some of the answers. Thank you.


Everyone needs a little encouragement now and then. We all want to be reminded that we're not alone. Sometimes when we're surrounded by critics and antagonists, we just want to be reminded that there are still people around us who love, support, and pray for us. The good news is that the mysterious work of Jesus Christ binds us together in a communion that reminds us that we are never alone. We belong to one another and we belong to God.


trying to understand react, react native and the whole ecosystem and the whole idea of like building apps and websites. I am I am standing here in front of you to talk about react native specifically. But before I begin, how many of you here have written websites that use react.js? Almost every a pretty good number, that's good. How many of you here have written mobile applications applications for iOS or Android using react or react native? Okay, that's a good number to that. That's pretty amazing. I mean, it's not usually common to see such a good mix of audience. So this is good. How many of you have written any sort of a mobile application? Even more awesome. So in this talk, I would like to introduce to you this technology called react native, which is a way to build mobile applications for iOS and Android. And rather than trying to tell you how things are done, I would prefer to say why it was done the way it is and what's coming. And how does the whole thing work really? So let's get started. My name is Parshuraman. I work at Facebook on react native. I'm based out of the US and as I mentioned, I was traveling here, trying to talk to people and understand what people use to build their mobile applications. I've also been involved in creating or working on cross platform, JavaScript based frameworks for a while before my involvement with react native. I was at Microsoft where I was helping out with this framework called Apache Cordoba or PhoneGap. How many of you have heard of PhoneGap or Cordoba? So I'm actually a commenter in the Apache Cordoba and the PhoneGap project. And I also used to work under the leadership of Xamarin. So I've been working on hybrid technologies for a while right now, almost five or six years. And the current state of the world in which people are used more and more people are using hybrid technologies to deliver first-class user experiences for mobile applications is pretty exciting. In the last talk, Wipple was talking to you about how react works and how do people typically think about UI engineering or structuring web pages, right? It's all about components. Any complex structure that you have on the page, you basically look at the page and start trying to break it down into smaller components. In fact, all of these concepts of props and states are not JavaScript specific. They're not web specific. The idea that react is bringing to the world the idea of concepts of props of state is actually being used outside the web world into multiple other places. For example, if you look at Flutter, for example, the idea of the states versus props is similar to what exists in react. There are also similar frameworks for iOS called ComponentKit or Lito for Android, which use similar concepts. So I think we all can agree that writing components seems like a same and interesting way to build user interfaces today. Now, the interesting thing to note is because these are the building blocks, let's start from components and look at how we can transform our idea into delivering web pages and mobile applications. At the end of the day, it's all about a tree. I mean, you use multiple components and then you compose them into a tree, right? Back in the day, when jQuery used to exist, our main job was trying to manipulate this tree. However, with react and with modern JavaScript frameworks, you don't really have to think about a tree alone. All you think about is what should the page look like? And then the framework does a job of constructing and manipulating the tree. For example, in this tree, if I had to change something back in the jQuery time, I'd use a selector. I'd say, hey, document dot get element by ID, pick a specific node and then move it around or change it. On the other hand, with modern technologies, you say, hey, this is what my page should look like given specific states and specific props. And I think that's the important concept here. So to start off with, let me start with a simple example for react. Now, let's take a simple component here. It's a div with an image and like a span or something. And then react basically picks this up and renders it on the browser. Now, if you want to add more stuff to this, you continue to add, you continue to add it to the DOM structure. The tree is manipulated and by this process called reconciliation, it tries to figure out how to get from state one of the tree to the next state and it does like a diffing algorithm. And in this case, figures out that there's a new red box to be added in the middle. React does that for you and it automatically adds it. And that's sort of the react reconciliation algorithm. Now, the interesting thing to note is, of course, react has this concept of control components which people spoke about. The idea being, if you want to manipulate something, you would have to like, I give it a value and also set the state for it. Now, because hooks are the new cool thing, I wouldn't, I don't want to sound like a dinosaur. So let's actually show, let me show you how this looks in the new hooks world. Effectively, what you do is you say, hey, the value of that input box should be text. And whenever someone changes something, the set text function of the on change function needs to be called. The way this typically works, regardless of whether it's on a mobile website or on the web is this. Basically, the moment you start typing something, an on change event is fired from the browser. This on change event says, set the value of text to a and the value there becomes a and this is sent back to the browser. So it's this flow that happens over and over again. It's pretty much how react works. Clear? This is something that all of you already know, right? I mean, this is not new. Here's where the interesting thing comes in. Now, it's well and good that you write a web page or it's okay. It's, it's also pretty good that you write responsive web pages, but there's a difference between writing a webpage and delivering an app. I mean, everyone today has an Android device or an iOS device. In India, most people browse the web using their mobile devices. So it's important to deliver your experiences. No matter what client you work for or what product you build over a mobile device. And a mobile device may not just be sufficient. The key here is, if you end up just delivering a webpage experience, remember that they are working with other applications like Twitter, Facebook, Pinterest, Instagram, and those have experiences. They have animations. They look and feel good. At that point, you need to ensure that you don't stick out like the odd man out. You need to ensure that the experience that you deliver are similar to what people are already used to when they're using their mobile phones. Like the Ola app, for example, a lot of people use the, use the PWA. But there is a slight difference between the experience of an app versus the experience of the web, right? And I think this is where React comes in and shines. So if you look at the input, uh, input typical text there, there's nothing inherent about it. That's that restricts it to the web. Technically, what you could do is change that to a text input component. And this way you'll actually be able to get this working on a mobile device also. And that is basically how react native derives its strength from react.js. The idea being in react, you talk about divs and spans when you're when you're dealing with the website, but divs and spans are specific to the web. If you were able to abstract that concept concept out a little bit more, you can think in terms of views and texts and that higher level abstraction will let you develop your applications. So basically the technologies that you already know using react, you will be able to take that and use that right mobile applications. And I mean, why limit yourself to just mobile? You can use the exact same technology to also write VR applications application that you can see on your headset. There's no difference. It's conceptually the same 2D surface or a 3D surface. It's all about components and objects. In fact, if you think about the workflow, there's no difference. It's pretty much the same like the on change and all is pretty much the same except on the browser, JavaScript can go manipulate the DOM directly, right? Like you can actually say, Hey, I want to go add a checkbox to this or I want to go change the style while it's possible on the bear on the web. There's a slight problem with mobile. These are two different worlds. There's the Android UI, but all of their business logic is written is written in JavaScript, right? How does this whole process work? This method of direct communication that you saw may not really apply because there's no direct way to call methods, right? Instead, what react native does is instead of calling methods directly, it has this concept of a bridge. The best way to think about the bridge is it's a way to communicate between JavaScript and Android or JavaScript and iOS. And at this point, I'm going to go a little bit into detail about how react native works. The reason why I want to go in the in depth is because when you're starting to write an application, it's always useful if you understand how it works under internally. I mean, it's okay to use a technology, but having that knowledge about how it works and why certain things are written the way they are helps you to become helps you to write better applications. So you know how I told you that you have set value and like direct methods, you can't call those. Instead react native serializes them inside like a json array and sends them over the bridge. Whenever someone talks to you about react native and communication, this is basically what the bridge means. There's another gap in this explanation and that is on the web, you use Flexbox and style and CSS to like do the layout stuff, right? Android doesn't understand that. The browser does but on Android, you have Android's own way of doing things. If anyone has written has done any Java Android programming or any Objective C iOS programming, you'd know that the layout system is slightly different. Here you talk like on Android, for example, you talk about linear layout or constraint layout and things like that. And what we need is a simple system to be able to convert that CSS that we write in react into something that Android understands. And this is where a layout tree or yoga comes in. So center component that you see here is a layout engine and the layout engine is called yoga and the way it works is into yoga. The inputs basically are flexbox and CSS. The output is where on the screen should certain elements be displayed. And this is pretty much the canonical picture of how react native works today. React native in fact works using three different threads. There's the main UI thread. There's a central layout thread where majority of the layout calculations happen and then there is a JavaScript thread where all of the business logic is logic is run. In fact, the fact that by default, you have these three threads makes make your applications very, very responsive. Nothing none of the heavy lifting happens actually on the UI thread, right? Most of the business logic is in JavaScript. Most of the layout is in like a separate thread and this three multi-threaded architecture by default make ensures that your mobile applications are fast from the get go. The best way to think about how the world flows is as soon as you open your mobile react native application, there's a render method that tells JavaScript to display something on the screen. Remember that it is in JavaScript where you have written all of your render methods and all of that logic, right? So all of those are run and eventually those are sent over to the layout, which then are sent over to the Android UI system. Now, here's another interesting thing. Let's go back to the previous example of typing text, the onchange example. We looked at that, right? So let's look at how that works in the react native world. In the react native world, whenever you type something on your Android application, an onchange event is filed in JavaScript, which then tells that, hey, we have to change something in the layout. But the thing to note here is because it is across multiple threads, it's asynchronous, it's non-blocking. While 99% of the cases, that is a very good thing. There are certain cases where this might be an issue. And in this case, for example, what could technically happen is, but before the onchange has had time to respond to the UI thread, you might have typed again. And this would be a conflict because what will happen is you have typed A, B on your phone, but the thread hasn't caught up yet and you will only see A on the phone. That's kind of janky. That's kind of a little bit jittery, right? I mean, when you type, you expect that your typing should be smooth. When you scroll the device, you expect that scrolling should be smooth. This conflict is, though it's very, very, this is very temporary, it only happens for like a split second. It still has that jarring experience. And I think the whole idea of React Native is to be able to deliver seamless, smooth user experiences. So you might be wondering, hey, is this really a problem in React Native? I mean, a lot of people actually don't even see this problem. In fact, what happens is we add like a debounce function and this conflict usually does not happen in most cases. What does happen is this pretty interesting case where being super responsive is the opinion. Now, remember how I told you that the UI thread is responsive? The UI thread, in fact, is so responsive that when you start scrolling really, really, really fast on a list that has a really, really large number of elements, the scroll continues. But because you have not caught, because JavaScript hasn't caught up yet, you might see those flashes of white at the bottom. I mean, that's because the scrolling is just scrolling is going on and on, but JavaScript hasn't done its work. So it doesn't know what to catch up, right? And on native applications, when such a situation happens, the scroll gets janky and that is the expected behavior. I mean, if you want to be like a native application, it's important to not just implement the features, but also implement all of these quirks. And what we are looking at doing with react native is ensuring that your device looks 100% native. Unlike Apache Cordova or unlike the other frameworks out there, we do not reinvent the UI system. We do not go ahead and say, Hey, we are going to provide our old components. The power of react native comes from the fact that you can leverage existing UI elements on the phone, which means that your application looks no different from a minter application or like a flip card application or the Amazon application on your phone. It's the exact same UI elements all across and that consistency from a user experience perspective is very important. So what can happen is here's one way to solve it. And this is what we are working on in the future of react native to ensure that react native continues to be fast 99% of the cases we will do asynchronous rendering. But in the future, we are looking at a world where all of this rendering happens synchronously. And this is the point where I'm talking about what exists and we are going into the world where hey, this is what the future of react native is going to look like. The reason why I specifically want to mention the future is because react native is fast, but we want to be the team at Facebook is ensuring that we work, we continue working to make it better. So you'll have you in the future, you'll have you'll have the ability to render synchronously and asynchronously. And given that you'll have both of these choices, it would be up to you to be able to pick up the ones that you want and render it. In the last talk, you also heard about fiber and time slicing, right? With this approach, we will be able to make full use of fiber and time slicing for a minute. Think of this scenario where you've made a network request. You're already waiting for one second. Once you start rendering a network network request, let's say the user type something at that point, you want to be able to interrupt the user interrupt the network request processing and actually respond to the user typing because remember, you need to be responsive as the user type something is expecting something to show up on the screen. So it's okay to suspend that render processing and then respond to the user input and with a system like this, you will be able to do things like that. In fact, it's if you if you think about it from a holistic perspective, it's that asynchronous bridge that kind of is the cause of these problems. And what we're looking at doing is sort of burning this bridge and ensuring that react native is a lot more like the browser in react native rather than to go through the bridge and all. We want a way in which we have like a jet pack that lets you go from JavaScript to the UI layer directly. Now, what does this mean in more concrete terms? Well, let me give you an example. At the bottom here, I'm going to tell you how the browsers work today. How does the web browser work? So today what happens is when you say document dot create element, the result that you get that is not a JavaScript object. That's actually a C++ object, right? I'm going to say document dot document dot create element. What do you get?  It also refers to your native systems UI inputs input. That's also the reason why if you look at a web page on a Mac versus if you look at a web page on the gun on Mac Safari versus IE on Windows, there's differences in like the way things are drawn. And that's because you don't you don't draw a checkbox using lines and boxes. You pretty much use what exists in the system already. The other advantage of using UI that the platform provides is consistency. If you imagine a world where you have to go and implement the whole checkbox, you'll have to ensure that it is accessible. You have to ensure that tabbing to the checkbox works. You'll have to implement all the titles. Let's say a new version of Windows or a new version of iOS comes out. You'll have to keep up with the new version. There are so many assets to that. Instead on the browser, you'll be pretty much assume that hey, the browser is doing the right thing. We will just depend on the browser. React Native is very similar. In fact, on react native, we pretty much use the Android checkbox and instead of sending a serialized serialized commands, what we want is an API that looks similar to the browser. So this is how the new version of react native is going to look like. What it's going to do is it's going to be if you think about it, this is very similar to the this is very similar to the browser. The APIs are going to be synchronous. The controls that you have are simple to the browser controls and the whole layout system is also going to be very similar to the similar to the browser. Now that is the core idea behind react native. The idea is that you have a JavaScript interface which lets you call Objective C and Java methods directly. JavaScript can actually hold references to C++ objects. Pretty much like how you do in the browser today. And this is good not just for code sharing, but also for from a conceptual perspective, writing UI for the browser for react native and a bunch of other surfaces start to get more and more similar. This way you will be able to use react philosophy of learn once write anywhere. I mean, a lot of people here already have react websites, right? Taking those react websites and taking the learnings from your website and converting them to react native apps is now going to be much easier. What does this specifically mean in terms of the UI elements? What it means is that all of your view managers, for example, all of your checkboxes, all of your text inputs, they will now be callable directly. All of your layout tree is going to be made of those elements that are written in C++, but JavaScript holds a reference to them. What that means is for a command like this on the browser, the equivalent in react native would be something like UI manager dot create node and that the object, the node object that you get back is similar to what you get back when you use the browser. And here in that object, you will be able to call Android methods directly. Like you'll be able to create an Android checkbox or an Android view directly. The same story for native modules. So let's say you want to take a picture using a mobile phone with the new architecture. You'll have the exact same story and you'll be able to call these methods synchronously. And why is this important? This is important not just from a performance perspective, but even from like conceptually understanding react. So here's a example use case. Let's say you want to take a picture. And then you want to upload this picture to a web server or something what you would typically do in most in most hybrid cases today or in most across platform frameworks today is you take a picture, you would send it to either to JavaScript. And then when you want to upload it, you'd send it back and this is expensive. This is expensive because you're basically serializing and these DC less Jason across language boundaries. Instead in the new world, what we would typically have is the ability to hold a pointer to a picture in JavaScript. And there is no translation, no serialization and you just call the upload API directly. In fact, this is pretty much how like navigated or geolocation like on the browser. You say window dot navigator. What is navigator? It's a it's a native object that the browser provides. And then you say navigated or j get geolocation. That's a method probably written in C++. That's called on the navigator object, right? This is very similar. And don't worry about all the C++ because you wouldn't have to hand write most of that code. Most of the C++ are what is going to be auto generated using build tools. So if you're writing JavaScript, none of this is actually going to go to change the way you write stuff. And as I said for app developers, just like if you remember the way react has been progressing, there haven't been a lot of breaking changes. You've never there hasn't been many cases that you have had to throw away your complete react application rewrite from scratch and react native is looking at following that kind of a structure that kind of a mentality. Most of this code is backward compatible and all of this is already out there in the open source react native repository. In fact, if you were to think of react native as like a block diagram, the typical way to do up is that you have a you have stuff that you draw on your screen called new managers. You have APIs like get camera or geolocation which are called native modules and all of these are built on top of react and of course you have your JavaScript virtual machine on top of it and then react JS and your JavaScript code. Of course, there are multiple view managers and multiple native modules. The strength of react native comes from its community. I would say that react native is probably one of the largest cross-platform hybrid app development communities out there. A lot of so even if some of the core components don't exist inside the main react native repository, they all they are extended and they exist exist in the community. In fact, we as the react native team are looking at moving more components out to the community so that people are able to develop faster and react native is much more thinner and much more leaner by doing this people will be able to upgrade react native faster and pick and choose the components that they want. There's more information about what's happening in the react native world at the URL at the bottom and if you want to get started with react native, if you want to get started with with contributing into react native open source, that's actually a pretty good place to start looking. So at this point, let me take a pause and talk about okay, all this is good from a technical perspective, but I'm a company. Should I use react native? Or you know, I mean, it's your it's your company and I may not be able to talk to your company, but what I can show you is some examples of companies that are already using react natives out in the world. So I work for Facebook and at Facebook, the analytics app, the ads manager app, the Oculus, the headset, while the companion app and in parts of Instagram actually use react native in it. In fact, you'd be surprised, but the main Facebook app that you may have installed on your phones. A lot of screens in that app are written using react native. In fact, the marketplace app that you see at the bottom there, that's the marketplace tab. That's completely written in react native. And this is one of the good things about react native. You don't have to completely move to one framework or the other. Even if you have existing native applications, you can start converting some screens into react native. When I was in Bangalore, for example, I spoke to people from Minthra, go ibbo, make my trip, red bus and a bunch of other top companies in Bangalore and they are actually start they have an app where some screens are in native Java and object to see while a lot of other screens have now been migrated to react native. So this migration can happen slowly both ways. You can start with the react native app and start adding native stuff. All you can start with a native app and start adding react native screens. So that way you have that flexibility. You're not locked in. There's not like, hey, if you've started with one app, this is the only way you can do it. In fact, Microsoft is a big proponent of react native like Microsoft. There are tons of places in within the Microsoft ecosystem where some of the apps are written react native. Skype is a big partner and has submitted more than a hundred PRs into react native into react native. You know the mobile versions of like outlook and word that you have on your phone parts of them are actually written in react native. And I think the key here is you should not you as a user don't have to realize that it's react native because in terms of performance, they are no different from how the rest of the application is structured. Some other apps that use react native extensively include Pinterest Bloomberg and even Zynga. In fact, Zynga is one of my favorites because you know the game words with friends. It's actually a game with very rich animations. Parts of Zynga of that app parts of the words with friend app are written using react native. And then here are all the other companies that are starting us are using react native. Remember these are like big companies top apps in each of these each of their categories. So it's not just hobbies developers who are starting with react native real businesses that depend on like that bet on their app for revenue are actually starting to use react native in their applications. I personally am super excited about where the whole hybrid app development platform is going the challenges of having to push a coach having to share code between your react JS web app versus a mobile device as opposed to having to write one app and then try to ship them on iOS and Android in addition, the whole ability of being able to push updates over the air just like a just like you would do on a website without having to go through the app store for every critical bug fix. These are some of the big benefits that we see with react native and that way react native has been pretty helpful for a lot of people to build applications. That's all I had. I'm going to be hanging around here. So please let me know if you have any questions, but this is pretty much all about react native.


Welcome to the Crypto Minute, the one year anniversary of El Salvador adopting Bitcoin is legal tender.  The Human Rights Foundation has donated $325,000 towards Bitcoin development. If refreshing our portfolios burned calories, we would all be ripped. But it doesn't, so I'm gonna keep doing my crunches. Ethereum's bellatrix, except it happened. It's on a scale of 1 to 10, is the merge really happening this time? So I see here that you'd like some UST-CUS if you're TUSD, but that's like not really our thing anymore. There's some BUSD. I dipped below a trillion dollar market cap again. I'm not crying, you're crying. Monday was a bank holiday. Bitcoin never closes. The US has warned that crypto mining threatens US climate efforts. Yeah, cause that's why they don't like Bitcoin.  I'm gonna need more coffee for this. Over 65% of the Bitcoin supply has been dormant for over a year. UK's Prime Minister seems supportive of crypto. The NPA is partnering with SoRare to make an NFT fantasy basketball game. This ball is so flat. Hopefully your NFT launches in either. Orange Your Digital is gonna hold an asset auction this week. The euro fell below 99 cents for the first time in 20 years. If anyone needs them, they'll be vacationing in Europe. Keep stacking and I'll see you next week.


What's good, y'all? It's your boy Ross back at again with another video. So we just finished up our Monday night raw live stream reactions. Yes, I have my robe on me and Doug. We both had our robes on, you know, robes for Monday night raw man. That that was the theme for tonight. We was chilling and relaxing. We appreciate everyone that showed up to the live stream on twitching on YouTube. We appreciate y'all always make those live streams that much better. But we got to talk about what Triple H is doing for this year's Royal Rumble and I don't know if you guys have noticed, but they are essentially making this year's Royal Rumble one of the most unpredictable Royal Rumbles we've had in a very long time. You really don't know who could possibly win this year's Royal Rumble. And I like the fact that they're building up to the actual match itself, creating little mini feuds with different wrestlers in the match, well, before the match even happens and tonight they started off the show very well. They were cooking. They got Drew McIntyre out there to start off the show and drew. I love what they've been doing with his character because once again, he's acting more. He has done some heel like stuff, but he's more so a tweener when it comes to the crowd because the crowd will boot him if he's going to get someone else that they like as well. And he does something that, you know, he'll like, but at the same time they will still cheer him. And that's what you saw tonight. He basically talked about what happened with Seth Rollins and losing the match last week. And he, you know, was kind of reflecting and pretty much saying that he needs to change it up. He has to find a way to get back to the, you know, the mountaintop and then he started to pretty much place the blame on Damian Priest. He said, you know what? I would have won that match if it wasn't for Damian Priest interfering and trying to cash in mid-match. All he had to do was wait for me to win the match. Then he could have cashed in on me as I would have been tired. I would have been exhausted. He could have cashed in on me then, but no, he decides to do it mid-match.   And I like that because obviously Damian Priest is going to feel some type of way about it. So they're teasing something there. They're teasing some type of animosity they have been for a few months now. So it's going to be very interesting to see what happens with that, but then Drew starts going on his rant and he's been doing it for weeks. He'd been name dropping people, you know, the whole Cody bringing Jay over to Monday Night Raw, the Sammy Zane situation, also the Seth Rollins situation and he always finds the way to bring up CM Punk's name. And that's exactly what he did here. He was talking about between all of these guys that he has issues with and CM Punk being back. That's when CM Punk, music, he's like, all right, business is picked up because Drew has made it very clear. He does not like him, does not want him back.   I've heard my name and you know, I want to see, you know, what needs to be said, what you got to say. So I'm going to let you talk and it's funny. He gets on the top rope and he lays down on the top rope with his feet up and I'm going to let you talk the floor is yours. What do you got to say to CM Punk? So this is when Drew starts cooking and I love what they've done with this character. He seems very confident on the mic and the stuff that he's been saying as a late, you can understand it's viable. It makes sense. You actually care about what Drew's talking about here for sure.  Me and a couple of guys in the back have a bet going on on when, when will you implode? So I'm very surprised you're even still here. He starts pretty much talking about CM Punk and and how back when CM Punk was a champion back in the day, he was supposed to be the locker room leader.  So he also brought up points about how CM Punk was, you know, straight edge and, and he had no demons that he was dealing with.  You know, basically saying he's, he's really the problem of a lot of things that happened in the back and CM Punk's response. I love it. So cold, so smoothie. He's so chill and nonchalant about it. And he said a pretty cold line. He said, I'm not a demon, but when pushed, I'm Satan himself and I thought that was a really, really cold line. And his point is I'm really a nice guy, but don't push me to that point where I don't have to be a nice guy. And he even said, you know, at one point, you know, you saw me walk out.  I saw that. So if, if anything, I'm following in your footsteps of trying to do the same thing when you came back and I just love this interaction, this, this tension between each other, these guys and both of them stating that they're going to be in the Royal Rumble and both of them are going to do whatever they can to, you know, be at the main event of WrestleMania. That's what it's all about. I love that. I even love the fact to see him punk started. He started mentioning the names like all this is really about is me being in the Royal Rumble. That's what it is. That's what you're upset about, you know, but I hate to break it to you. You're not going to stop me. Seth Rollins not going to stop me. Even Cody himself and that's when you heard the ooze and Oz even Cody himself is not going to stop me. You know, nobody's going to stop me from reaching me a WrestleMania and main event again.  He said from leader to leader. I just want you to know I'm going to make sure in the Royal Rumble, you're the last person I throw over the top rope and walked away. Loved it. Loved it. Loved it. This was a great interaction. This is very fantastic. I love what they're doing. I love what Triple L is doing between these these guys creating another potential storyline with CM Punk and Drew McIntyre and the Royal Rumble. I'm loving that they are focusing on the match itself being so unpredictable and not knowing who's going to win. They're putting a focus and attention on the match. So now people are so excited about this match. People are going to be looking forward to it and speculating on who's going to win. And that's how you book a Royal Rumble match. It's good to have all these superstars in there but having some many stories happen within the match. It's always good because then you can create something outside of the match. You can create something a storyline that spawned from the Royal Rumble match and carry it on even until WrestleMania. So comment down below. Let me know if you guys enjoyed this segment. I thought it was the best segment of the show in my personal opinion. I love what they're doing with Drew McIntyre and I love seeing punk is out there still giving us great promo segments. Looking forward to seeing how things are going to play out in this year's Royal Rumble. But I appreciate all of the support. Road to 150K and I'm still here on the speedy YouTube wrestling champion world. Appreciate you taking with me. See you next week. Peace.


Chief Executive Officer of the National Drug Law Enforcement Agency, General Buber Madawa, has begun rural access and transit routes, surveillance of interstate boundary in the war against narcotic drugs as over 800 hectares of farmland with about 6,000 metric tons has been destroyed in the last two years. Maya gave this insight in Ikumale headquarters of a local government area of Benwell State at the boundary with Ebonne State during the foundation laying ceremony of the area office. The chairman of the NDLEA also commissioned a 20-kilometer rural road from Ikumale to Ijigan, a constituency project initiated by the House Committee chairman on narcotic drugs at the House of Representatives. We are here today to lay the foundation of the area command that we are bringing to this community. We need the support, the partnership, the assistance in infrastructure from private stakeholders like the honorable Dr. Francis here. All the nooks and crannies now can easily be reached on this third road. Amen. And I tell you that with this structure here, the area command, NDLEA area command in Ikumale, we are going to succeed to a larger extent in deepening the war against narcotic drugs and trafficking. The road will bring development to our people. It will enhance their produce to be transported from the villages to other worlds and local government and Nigeria as a whole.