Good morning. So, we will continue our discussion on effectiveness factor. Now, today we like to wind up this particular topic. We have already looked at what is effectiveness factor. It is something that tells you the effect of pore diffusion resistance on the overall rate of the reaction. It is related to a dimensionless number called as Thiele modulus. There is an inverse relationship between eta and phi. Eta is effectiveness factor. Phi is dimensionless number that is Thiele modulus. And effectiveness factor normally varies between 0 and 1, but there are some unusual or some exceptional cases where effectiveness factor can be greater than 1. So, what is effectiveness factor? In general, effectiveness factor is the rate of the reaction observed rate of the reaction which may be hampered by the pore diffusion divided by the rate of the reaction that is calculated at the external surface as if there is no inter particle pore diffusion resistance. So, most of the times it is less than 1 because there is some resistance. If at all there is no resistance, it is 1, but which are the situations where we come across case where like the rate inside a particle becomes greater than overall rate. Of course, I have raised over the entire particle radius. The rate is greater than the rate that is calculated based on external conditions. So, I told you towards the end of the last lecture that eta can be greater than 1 when it happens mostly in the case of hexothermic reactions, when in the particle the temperature inside and temperature outside. So, T i is greater than T s. When does that happen? It happens when you have exothermic reaction, the heat is liberated because the reaction takes place inside a particle, pore diffusion resistance is significant. So, it does not take place only at external surface. It goes inside reactant and then the reaction takes place and the heat is liberated. Now, this is another condition that once the heat is liberated temperature will rise, but then if the heat gets dissipated fast from the interior part of the catalyst particle to the external part. Then this dissipation rate will allow the temperature to go down or come down to a particular level and probably it will be equal to the external temperature. But, if the dissipation rate is relatively low in that case, the temperature inside is going to go up and when will that happen? This is all at steady state. When will that happen? It will happen when the conductivity, the thermal conductivity of the particle. Now, this again effective thermal conductivity like effective diffusivity because the porous structure. So, the thermal conductivity of the particle is less than the or rather it is relatively low rather. So, that a heat dissipation is not that fast. So, temperature inside a particle T i is greater than the temperature outside a particle. Now, the rate of the reaction as we normally say rate of the reaction is typically at of course, when the particle or molecule is close to the catalytic side, the rate of reaction is k into C A raise to n where I did for a then minus. Now, this k is a 0 exponential minus e by r T C A raise to n. Now, if you look at this is a so a or a 0 this is frequency factor. Now, the two parameters which affect the rate, the temperature and concentration normally in isothermal case temperature is same throughout and same as the external surface temperature is only the concentration that changes in a normal situation or whatever we have discussed before this that is for isothermal case the concentration inside a particle is less than concentration in the external surface. So, this reduces the rate inside a particle. But now, look at this expression not just C A, but T is also changing. Now, this T inside is greater than the T at external surface. So, these two parameters C A and temperature they will affect the rate, but relationship are opposite that is increase in temperature would cause increase in rate. But there is a reduction in concentration because of the pore diffusion effects that will reduce the rate. So, now the overall effect of these two changes that is temperature and concentration on the rate is going to decide whether the internal rate or rate inside a particle overall rate average or other integrated over the entire particle that rate is going to be higher than calculated that at the external surface. So, there are situations where it is likely that temperature would go up such that it will compensate for the effect of concentration and the rate inside a particle would be greater than that calculated at the external surface in that case effectiveness factor becomes 1 or greater than 1. So, let us look at the relationships. So, let us plot a graph of phi say for a first order reaction phi 1 and eta again you have 1 here then say 0.001 is again a log log plot 0.1, 1, 10 and 100. Now, this is 1 and you know the famous or other whatever relationship that we have already looked at is this. So, initially or other low values of phi it is constant and close to 1 and then it goes on decreasing this is what we have seen and that is for isothermal effect that mean there are no heat effects. So, let us define a parameter let us define a parameter called as beta which is delta T max let me tell you the meaning of this delta T max divided by T s. Now, what is delta T max delta T max is a maximum possible temperature rise that can happen inside a particle and T s is the external surface temperature now this particular delta T max can be calculated based on the heat generated. So, heat generated would depend on the heat of reaction. So, delta H r of the reaction this is a heat generated into D e C a s divided by K T again delta T max. Again I will tell you meaning of each and every term is heat of reaction you know this is diffusivity this is external surface concentration and this is thermal conductivity this is thermal conductivity. Look at units this is a dimensionless number the dimensionless number and this tells you so the numerator tells you about heat generated some proportional to heat generated maximum amount of heat generated this is exothermic reaction. We will see what will happen in case of endothermic reaction later but right now we talk about rising temperature. So, and the rise will depend on the thermal conductivity the gradient. So, this particular thing is delta max and this is the T s. So, for this particular case beta is 0 because we are saying that there is no heat effect we are saying that there is no heat effect. So, what we have seen so far is for beta equal to 0. Now, this is another parameter that needs to be defined of course we can look at a elaborate derivation of all this, but not going to spend much time here this is for your information, but if you are interested you can write energy balance also inside a particle like what we have done in the case of component balance we write energy balance also. So, now you have two equations component balance energy balance play with those equations. So, all those equations and you will get a value of eta. Now, again it has to be done numerically because now we do not have a straight forward relationship for eta like what we had before what was it eta is equal to 3 divided by phi 1 square in the in the bracket phi 1 cottage phi minus 1 phi 1 rather. So, phi why phi 1 because it is a first order reaction. So, we have derived a relationship of first order reaction spherical particle, but then that was for isothermal case. Now, for non-isothermal case we will have energy balance also coming into picture and then the solution becomes slightly complicated getting analytical expression becomes difficult, but you can do it numerically. So, you can do it numerically. Now, this is for beta equal to 0. Now, if I increase the value of beta you will start seeing a train like this slightly higher value of beta then this then this then this and of course, you can further do this. What is happening here? The value of beta is increasing. Now, in order to do these calculations you have to do these calculations I will have to define some other constants also and there is another number called as gamma which is nothing, but E by R T S or delta E by R T S. Now, what is delta E? It is the activation energy. So, it tells you about the sensitivity of your reaction rate constant or reaction rate intrinsic reaction rate towards the temperature that is also important because if the reaction is not sensitive to temperature at all then there is a problem. Then even if temperature rises inside a particle it does not have any impact on the rate. So, it is as good as no heat liberated as far as reaction is concerned because reaction is not going to be affected by the temperature rise. So, the effect of temperature rise is who decides that is the activation energy. So, we need to define the activation energy. So, there is another parameter. So, what the graph that I have made here for different values of beta it is at a particular value of gamma. So, this graph is at certain value of gamma right and for certain value of gamma I go on increasing the beta value one of these can change. So, that I get different value of beta right. So, in general beta represents a maximum temperature rise and that depends on many factors and the most important one is the heat of reaction and of course, the thermal conductivity. I said like if your thermal conductivity is small dissipation rate would not be large and that is why the temperature rise will be large. So, that is why K T appears in the denominator look at all this. So, if you try and read these equations try and interpret them try and see the effect of different variables parameters right. So, beta shows the effect of heat of reaction. Now, it is a very peculiar trend that you are seeing. So, as the value of beta increases as the maximum temperature rise increases as the internal rate increases compared to that of the external rate or rate at calculated the external conditions then the value of eta increases. So, this is one and now you can see they are all values here greater than one and that happens when the heat effects are significant at large values of beta. You will get a similar such graph for different values of gamma. So, there are different parameters which would affect the value of eta and for non-osothermal case we have two independent parameters defined it is beta and gamma. So, eta can be greater than 1. Now, the here I can see a very unusual trend or unusual sense like you can imagine what will happen if you have a value of 5 say 0.08 or whatever let me use another color. What am I seeing here? I am seeing that there is a possibility for the given value of 5. There is a possibility that you have one value of eta here one here and one here what does it mean? This is a solution that is obtained by solving steady state equations for material or component balance and energy balance. So, I am solving these equations together and I am getting a value of eta for different values of 5. So, suppose the value of beta is very large then I am seeing this I am seeing this trend I have got this trend where you have a typical S type curve here S type curve here. Now, this S type curve rather gives rise to three different solutions at the same value of 5. How do I interpret this? How do I interpret this? Can I have three different values under otherwise similar conditions at steady state? Yes, it is possible that means I have got something called as multiple steady states here. So, for a given value of 5 I can realize three different possible rates why rates because rate is ultimately eta into k c a I have three different values of eta means I have three different values of rates the steady state rates possible. So, if I am doing a reaction in a CSTR or in a plug flow reactor or any reactor for that matter if I am dealing with a solid catalyzed reaction solid is porous in nature reaction order can be first order or it can be any other order. And the reaction is exothermic there are heat effects and temperature rise inside a particle is significant the thermal conductivity is small heat dissipation is relatively less under these conditions for certain values of beta what I am going to realize is that there are three different steady states possible. Now, multiple steady states is something that you already learn in reaction engineering part one for nanosothermal reactors especially the exothermic reactors. So, this phenomena is quite similar to what you have already learned in the case of exothermic or adiabatic CSTRs exothermic reactions with adiabatic CSTRs when the temperature rise gives a positive feedback and your rate also increases you have a runaway type behavior. And there is a possibility of realizing multiple steady states I hope you remember that like what you have learned in the first part dealing with exothermic reactions you have a CSTR exothermic case I will just quickly revise this non-esothermal the temperature here is different from temperature here and you have this S type curve where you have this conversion and temperature and you have some tau here and you see different states possible. You have heat generated heat removed temperature this is very quick you have to just go back and look at what you have learned before. So, the three different steady states possible heat generated curve intersects the heat removed line for temperature of the reactor this is what we have already learned. So, why I am referring to this is because this phenomena that you are seeing in inter particle diffusion it is quite similar to what you see in a normal exothermic reaction. So, here also the effect is because of the or this happens because the heat effects exothermic reaction a similar thing is happening in the case of reaction catalyzed by solids where the heat is significant temperature rises there and because of that the rate constant is increasing and the rate of reaction is increasing. And I realized multiple steady states now of course it is shown in the graph of phi 1 versus eta whereas I use different state variables for CSTR tau versus x n t, but the reason is similar. So, whatever you have learned there is applicable to non-isothermal reactions with inter particle diffusion as well. You are not going to spend much time analyzing the equations and why you are getting steady states and all because it is quite similar to what we have learned before. Another important thing is in these types of curves this is S curve that you are seeing this happens at only large values of beta not for all values see look at relatively small value of beta you do not see multiple steady states only at very large values. Now, these two are normally stable steady states and this is unstable steady state this comes again quite similar to a CSTR multiple steady state problem. Unstable means you cannot realize it because it is difficult to have open loop or you can have a steady state being stable there though mathematically you have a solution stability point of view it is not a stable solution this is something that you have learned in control theory as well there are stable solutions and unstable solutions. So, in reality if you want to operate a particular say reactor or system it normally gets stable at a stable solutions, but unstable solution you have to have a proper control to get to that particular unstable solution because system has a tendency to go away from it and probably you have learned all this in CSTR exothermics reactions. So, just remember this again you have S curve unstable solution and there are two stable solutions. So, it is quite possible that for a given value of phi you have one solution for eta which is close to 1 that means there is no effect of particle diffusion, but it is quite possible that you may get very large value of eta and a rate of reaction would go up and that depends on the dynamics of the system how you start your reactor what is the initial condition are there any fluctuations. So, that you go from one steady state to another steady state this is another practical constraint in this if you have very large value of eta the internal temperature will go up like anything these are theoretical calculations considering that high temperatures are not affecting the catalyst, but there is always some practical limit on the temperature at which the catalyst can operate actively can work actively because at high temperature you learn in deactivation that at high temperature this small metallic particles have tendency to come together and they will agglomerate and the surface area of the metal expose the reaction environment will go down and activity will go down it is called a sintering. So, every catalyst has upper temperature limit. Now, what we are showing here is not considering all those practical limits assuming that the catalyst is active at any temperature and calculating this eta, but then what happens is at high temperature catalyst starts deactivating the rate constant would go or will change. So, the equation is no longer valid or the value of rate constant that we are using is no longer value. So, all these effects are there keep that in mind. So, you may not realize that steady state at high temperature or high value of eta you may not realize you may realize realize or may not realize, but if you realize you know the meaning of it. So, this is about when the reaction takes place in solid catalyst exothermic reaction and temperature effects are significant. So, I think this discussion is good enough as far as knowing what will happen if you have exothermic reaction, but then sorry one more point if you have endothermic reaction will you realize multiple steady state? Do you see multiple steady states endothermic CSTR you do not see that why because endothermic reaction effect is exactly opposite I am talking about adiabatic case. So, there are no heat loss to the surrounding in both the cases in CSTR also and in the case of particle also. Of course, some amount of heat is lost till you see multiple steady states, but that typical effect of reaction heat is to be is should be evident. So, now for exothermic reaction is a rise in temperature rise in temperature would cause rise in rate. So, this is a positive feedback given rise in rate would cause increase extent of reaction increase heat and this is a vicious cycle till the reaction stops, but then this positive feedback gives rise to multiple steady state. This is a qualitative explanation there is so much that one one can there is already there is so much theoretical development in this area, but let us not get into details of that, but what is necessary this positive feedback will you see the positive feedback in the case of endothermic reaction. No, because as the extent of reaction increases the temperature would go down and that will cause the drop in rate of reaction and that will not give a positive feedback and this runaway type behavior. So, endothermic reaction you will get only one stable steady state endothermic reaction you will get only one stable steady state. So, in this plot for value of beta then 0 you will go in this direction and less than 0 that is when you have endothermic reaction you will go in this direction. So, there is no possibility of multiple steady states in this zone you see multiple steady states only here less than 0 means there is a drop in temperature there is not rise delta t is negative. We are talking about a magnitude here delta H is a magnitude of reaction, but then for endothermic reaction it will be negative, because delta t that is the temperature delta t max is going to be negative. So, that is how we look at it endothermic reactions will not give rise to multiple steady states will not give rise to eta greater than one only for endothermic reaction. There is one more possibility you can imagine this situation normally does not happen, but then there is a possibility that eta can be greater than one for negative order reactions. See it is like this even if it is isothermal this is isothermal. So, your concentration goes down inside a particle concentration going down is not good for many of the reactions, because the rate of the reaction goes down, but for reactions with negative order reaction see r is equal to minus k c a raise 2 minus 1 or divided 1 1 upon c a rather. In that case the drop in concentration will give rise to increase in rate. So, the rate inside is going to go up or is going to be higher than that calculated at external surface. So, there is a possibility that eta can be greater than one. Unusual cases normally you do not come across such situations, but you can imagine such scenarios where there is a possibility of eta being greater than one, but in reality for exothermic reaction people have observed specially say ammonia synthesis or methanol synthesis where you are dealing with exothermic reactions porous catalyst you see all these effects that is eta can be greater than one, but not for negative order or not for there are not many cases where we come across negative order reaction, but theoretically it is possible to get eta value greater than one if reaction is negative order with respect to reactant. So, we have looked at heat effects now there are certain things that we are not or we have just made a passing remark while we discuss various aspects. One thing is about the geometry. So, far we have looked at spherical particles, but there is a possibility that you may come across a cylindrical particle because pellets can be cylindrical as well or you may have a slab possible. You may have a monolacid this is your reactor tube and you are coating the tube with catalyst the walls are coated by the catalytic material which is porous in nature. What is porous? The catalyst is porous wall is porous catalyst is porous and then your reactants are flowing this way and on their way they will get diffuse through this and the reaction will take place. There are many possible scenarios and everywhere we need to consider the pore diffusion effects as long as we are using a porous catalyst. Now what is the difference between what we have learned here and these geometries? The only difference is the derivation and the expression for effectiveness factor and Thiele modulus. I have already told you that there are steps that we can follow 1, 2, 3, 4 to get the expression for effectiveness factor or Thiele modulus. What are these steps? You have to write component material balance use proper boundary conditions a differential equation with boundary conditions gives you the concentration profile inside a pellet let it be spherical, cylindrical, slab whatever and this concentration profile helps you get the rate at the external surface and rate inside a particle. Concentration profile gives the rate inside a particle external surface you know like r is equal to k c a s raise to n whatever. So, effectiveness factor is the rate calculated based on the flux divided by the rate at external surface. So, this numerator that is rate calculated on the flux will be obtained by the concentration profile and this concentration profile comes by writing the component balance for different geometries and we already done it for spherical particles. You can do it for say slab for example, I am not going to derive this, but I can imagine a slab with thickness say l or 2 l there is a symmetry here of course, the slab is like this, but that is insulated from all the sides only the diffusion is taking place in this direction. Then I can consider a differential element here like what I did for spherical particle and then this is my x. So, this is 0 and this is l this is x and this is x plus d x. I can write balance for this differential element I get the differential equation which will be of the form say d 2 c by d x square d e something like this minus what k rate constant in proper units into depending on the order of reaction k c a raise to n is equal to 0. Something similar and then I write boundary conditions again at x is equal to 0 you have the flux 0 or concentration finite and you know the external conditions use those boundary conditions you have a set of equations. So, solve them either analytically or numerically and you get a concentration profile you get a concentration profile. How do you calculate eta you have flux into area divided by rate at the external surface this is quite straight forward area you know this into whatever we flux comes from the concentration profile. It is this gradient d c by d x or in dimensionless form it is d psi by d lambda already I have got a concentration profile get a gradient put it here and you get a value of eta. So, that is the general procedure. So, I have just shown you what happens in the case of slab similar thing for cylinder use cylindrical coordinates here you are assuming that this is all non catalytic diffusion is taking place only like this. So, you can write this for any geometry where the pore diffusion is significant people have done it for a pore like it is a cylinder through which there is a movement particle sorry not particles molecules there is a diffusion taking place and this is very small pore, but there is a catalyst on the wall something similar to I what I showed just now where you have catalyst coated on the wall of the reactor. Now, consider this is the reactor this is small pore, but consider this is tiny reactor where you have the diffusion taking place no convection the diffusion taking place. I can write similar equations differential balance in out get a profile get a profile get a gradient put it here and you get a value of eta. So, do not get confused if you have a different geometry the remember the procedure that is more important concept is important. So, for 3 different geometries the first one of course is spherical you have the values of phi first sphere phi is equal to r root of k 1 rho c s a divided by d e for first order reaction the moment I write k 1 this first order reaction then for cylinder if you follow same procedure what you will realize is phi is equal to r by 2 now. So, if the 2 comes out of that what surface area volume and all the relationship with radius here came probably because you have 4 third pi r cube 3 came there. So, this is cylinder first order slab l now there is no r for the slab k 1 s a rho c divided by all in the square root. So, look at this factor in the square root it is same throughout it does not change and nothing to do the geometry only the part here is different from geometry to geometry. And once you have that then the relationship of phi with respect to eta will be similar for the sphere cylinder and slab. So, irrespective of any geometry the relationship would be similar that means as phi increases eta would go down. So, only it is a value of phi that would matter for the geometry. Once you get phi then you have the concentration profile in the form of phi a typical relationship and this relationship will not change from geometry to geometry. So, for every geometry you will have the same relationship between eta and phi which is 3 by phi whatever cottage phi into phi minus 1 similar of course. Now, let us look at some possible examples in the case of like we are not at solve any solve problems. There are many problems in many text books Fogler's book there are many interesting problems you can try and solve them the solutions are also given just one of those problems will have look at it again we are not going to solve it completely, I will tell you how to solve it. So, there is one problem in Fogler's book which is again for a simple reaction a going to b the first order reaction irreversible spherical particle right. Now, of course, you have platinum coated on some support particle or pellet whatever you say it can if it is small then it is called as particle and if it is specially made to suit the requirement or rather to meet the requirement of what you need in the fixed bed reactor it is pellets. What they have given you is the reactant the reactant concentration the reactant concentration C A right half way between external surface and center of the pellet is equal to one tenth of C A S that is external surface concentration right. So, you have C A by C A S is equal to 0.1. So, C A by C A S is equal to 0.1 the concentration at the external surface C A S is equal to 0.001 gram moles per d m cube the diameter of the particle is 2 into 10 raise to minus 3 C m that is centimeters is the diameter of the particle is always given the diffusion coefficient effective diffusion coefficient is 0.1 centimeter square per second see the value order of magnitude we not at looked at these values numerical values. So, just try and get a feel for these numbers this is a data given to you right and from this data what is asked is now what. So, this is your spherical particle this is center you know the concentration half way through you have been given this data and what is asked is the concentration the reactant at a distance 3 into 10 raise to minus 4 centimeters from the external surface. The data given is half way through that is if the particle diameter is 2 into 10 raise to minus 3 the radius is 1 into 10 raise to minus 3 half way through is 0.5 into 10 raise to minus 3. So, this distance is 0.5 into 10 raise to minus 3. Now, I am looking at what I want to calculate is the concentration at a distance 3 into 10 raise to minus 4 centimeters it is a very simple problem what will you do you know the equation for the concentration profile what is it C A divided by C A as psi is equal to 1 by lambda sin h psi into lambda divided by sin h what is it sin h phi sorry psi sorry this is phi. So, this equation is given to you or is known to you rather right. So, from this equation you know it is given 0.1 for lambda 0.5 sin h lambda 0.5 divided by sin h phi. So, you have this equation only phi is unknown you can use trial and error to get a value of phi which will be close to say 6 here right. So, once you know the value of phi again what is asked is what is the concentration at the at a given radius. So, again psi is equal to C A divided by C A as is equal to C A divided by what is it 0.1 sorry it is the concentration at external surfaces 0.001 sorry 0.001 is equal to 1 by lambda sin h say phi which is 6 into lambda 1 by lambda sin h say phi which is 6 into lambda divided by sin h 6. So, what is lambda 3 into 10 raise to minus 4 from the external surface. So, lambda is equal to R by R external surface that means R minus 3 into 10 raise to minus 4 divided by R what is R R is 1 into 10 raise to minus 3. So, 1 into 10 raise to minus 3 minus 3 into 10 raise to minus 4 divided by 1 into 10 raise to minus 3. So, this becomes 0.7. So, substitute 0.7 here you get a value of C A. So, after substituting the C A is about 2.36 into 10 raise to minus 4 moles per d m cube I will complete this solution in the next class.


Two explosions have taken place in Ukraine's eastern Luhansk city, Russian media reported. The explosions were followed by clouds of smoke over the city. The explosions took place at around 6.35 p.m. Immediately after this, the city was filled with the smoke that was visible in all parts of the city, local residents said. The incident took place at the Palapak Enterprise, located on the territory of the former machine-building plant. Russia said the explosion was caused by a missile fired from Kramatorsk city. Shortly before the incident, the head of the so-called Luhansk region, Leonid Pasechnik, and the secretary of the Council of the United Russia Party, Andrey Turchak, laid flowers at the monument to the defenders of Donbass in the city. Russian defense minister's son-in-law Alexei Stalyerov was also in the city but left shortly before the explosion. It should be noted that deputy head of the Ministry of Construction of the Zaporizhia region was injured as a result of the detonation of an improvised explosive device in Melotopol a while ago.


قابل مجيد وقوله الحق وهو أستقص صادقين بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم وقال ربكم ودعوني أستجب لكم إن الذين يستكبيرون عن عبادة سيدخلون جهنما داخرين صدق الله العلي العظيم صلوات على محمد وآل محمد أبدأ في الله's name the beneficent the merciful in all praise belongs to Allah سبحانه وتعالى for granting us this existence and considering us worthy to represent him on this earth and of course he doesn't need representation but the fact that we share in his infinite bounty and grace by existing and becoming the tongue the eyes the movement for goodness for God is I think is a great honor and the fact that while God is not in need of anything when he continues to create and give his mercy upon his creations nothing is greater than when that created being gets closer to the source of their existence and to therefore reap greater beneficence in mercy than to be in the proximity of God and that is why when we pray when we start any good act we say in order to get closer to God here what it means is to receive greater benefit and Allah in the Quran has blessed us with numerous kinds of guidances as we know in this blessed month and in this month it is a month of fasting where we train ourselves to be controlled and contained and to be visionary and guided so that we reach higher stations and Allah has commanded us to abstain from indulging in certain pleasures such as drinking and eating for a short period of time in order to train us to become better in how we should guide ourselves and tonight I want to specifically touch on the power of prayer the power of dua because this is a huge subject this requires actually a very long period of conversation because you'll find everything that we do is within the parameter of prayer but as a foundation I want us to understand what is prayer Allah in سوت بلد الله said لقد خلقنا الإنسان في كبد indeed we have created mankind in a state of trepidation meaning you will be in stress and here the word is used called كبد كبد is the same word that is used for liver and liver is an organ in our body that is one of the most stressed organs in our body the liver it is the one that has the you think it's the heart that is most stressed no it's the liver and Allah's mercy is such that because it is such a stressed organ it is an organ that can regenerate itself even though much of it is damaged so if a liver is damaged it has the capacity to regenerate itself but Allah uses that same term for us كبد you are in a state of trepidation and I want us to know what that means God is merciful and He doesn't like us when we fail He doesn't like us to go through pain and difficulty Allah is merciful just like a mother doesn't want their child or the father doesn't want the child or the family to go through pain and suffering none of us like it actually we feel we sometimes empathize not only sympathize but we empathize the pain of others and we don't like it when other people go through pain we wish we could remove it and we as a created entity we as a created being have such emotions we ask the question why is it that God allows people to go through pain in trials and tribulations and it's a great question but on a grander scheme of things we find that such pain is not bad given its qualities and even if that pain leads to death you will find that the Almighty controls our destiny with eternal factors meaning our existence is eternal and Allah can remove that pain from us in fact scientists know that the pain and the nerves that we have on the tips of our fingers and the rest of our body has been placed there precisely to keep us protected and for us to know what is good and what is bad in fact it's very dangerous when you and I numb our sensors of pain because you could put your hand on fire and your whole hand can burn and you won't know it and that's dangerous so Allah has created pain as a means of us to know what the limits are so pain is good if it's understood on what its capacities are and what should be done and how it should be used but unfortunately there are beings who are wicked and vicious who torture people using pain and Allah will punish them Allah says you know these people I have allowed them but don't their rejection of me I have allowed them إلينا ما رجيعهم فننبعهم ما عاملوا إن الله عليهم بذات الصدور Allah says نمتعهم قليلا ثم نترمل أذى من غلي we let them do it then we will grab them and punish them but be patient but we as the good people on earth should work hard to prevent evil doers from torturing people we should prevent them from hurting people we should do that many an evil society and people indulge in such punishments on others because we are acquiescent we are silent we don't raise our voices against tyranny which then leads to this kind of blasphemy and pain but Allah says لقد قمت بك this way that's one thing I want you to remember we've been made weak in a state of trepidation yet our spirit our souls to reject evil has been made very strong meaning while people can put guns in front of us bombs in front of us yet we can be firm in our faith to not allow anything to be sold for any kind of pain Allah says in the Qur'an رجالا لا تلقيهم تجارة ولا بيعا عن ذكر الله وإقام الصلاة وإتاء الزكات يخافون يوما تتقلب به القلوب والأبصار man kind that refuses to bargain for any price on the matters of truth on the matters of worship of God لا تلقيهم تجارة ولا بيعا عن ذكر الله for the remembrance of God they maintain their prayer وإقام الصلاة وإتاء الزكات they give charity and they are afraid of that day when God will hold them accountable for all the grace that God has given us so we are weak in one state but very strong on the other side but that weakness can be strengthened with iman with faith, with vision with long term understanding and with dua with prayer so you find first and foremost in the system of Allah you will see that the universe within its mechanics allows probability the principle of probability which in simplistic terms we call chance something can happen it's like a flip of a coin you flip a coin it's 50-50 it could be heads or tails it's called chance in mathematics we call it probability what is the probability you see that the coin will land on a head or a tail they say if you do it with as many permutations as possible it's 50-50 if you keep the coin balance so what happens is it's called probability within the system of probability it's very fascinating it's a deep subject I won't go deep into this today but I just want to let you know if you ever want to get into it it's an amazing area probability the principles of chance you find even atheism tries to hang on to probability as an argument for the nonexistence of God it's interesting you find people who want to reject Allah will use probability as a sign that maybe God didn't make us maybe it came with another reason they use probability but quickly as a summary pure probability for anything to exist is impossible and for the universe to come into existence out of pure probability is zero it's impossible it's ridiculous probability is only a subset of existence meaning when things come into existence with structure and order and form and design and time and space and matter within it is the principle of probability meaning chance and accidents can only happen within a structured system you cannot have it the other way around you cannot have pure chance causing existence it's absurd this idea is nonsense it's not science it's not mathematics I'm simply saying it anybody who's in mathematics here can gladly discuss with me anybody who claims that pure chance is the cause of all is not science it's rubbish rubbish you find probability is within a created system where something can happen like for example you get in the car and the physics of collisions for example you have roads you have roads that crisscross you know tea junctions you have cross junctions traffic lights you have cars going in your direction you have cars going against you you've got cars going in different directions 360 probability states that when you're driving a car that probability allows an object to hit you at any time it's possible that's called probability somebody could lose their senses on the other side of the road and the car can come towards you and the law of physics dictates that you couldn't escape the collision and the car hit you and you could have died or become paralyzed or whatever we call an accident it's all built on the principles of probability and people try to control probability by sometimes planting accidents using the game of probability it's fascinating subject but I want to introduce it as to the basis of doaa we ask why doaa why do you have to pray because Allah has put the principles of chance within His creation to test us and has given us the power to minimize the probability of evil and has put intelligence in us to minimize the probability of destruction so look at the cars today they are much safer than they were yesterday because through trials and errors we figured out ways to make roads safer ways to make cars safer ways to make our aircraft safer and you notice a lot less accidents take place in the air than they used to millions of people today get on the plane and the probability of an accident is always there, always there but it's much less and another accident takes place you'll find the FAA and all the aeronautical engineers will go and study through the black box what caused this accident so that we can minimize it the next time this principle is in Dean too in my Taqwa the same thing when Allah says be God conscious God is saying when you make a sin you make a mistake you say something dumb and stupid and it comes to hurt you tomorrow learn to improve it by reducing that probability so the principle of probability is very powerful and within it there's always a chance no matter who you are that a stray bullet or something from the sky will fall and hurt you and kill you a lightning bolt anything is possible and people wonder like oh my God is there safety if I leave my house will I come home safe? you don't know you minimize it by taking safety measures physically but the quintessential level of safety where there is sqoon is in dua so in this ayah you know سورة غافر الله سبحانه وتعالى says and your Lord says call upon me I will answer you surely those who are too proud for my service means those who are too proud to pray to me they will be punished so Allah is saying my system is know your value and know that you are weak creation فقد خلقنا الإنسان فيك أبعد mankind has been made weak ضعيفا إنسان is ضعيف الله غني وانتم الفقراء God is all wealthy you are poor know that now you hold on to the rope of Allah and say my source of my destiny my provider of my food and my stability and my security and my eternity is God God says now that prayer becomes alive because now you understand who you are so Allah in this ayah is unconditional أسكني I will reply you I want us to know what is this prayer it's very deep now a couple of layers of dua given the time that I have within the 20 minutes but I'll try my best to do justice to this subject first and foremost is صلاة when we pray when Allah tells us to pray اقم الصلاة maintain prayer and Quran is constant about this you know they maintain prayer even the verse I just told you رجال لاتلههم تجارة ولا بيع وإقام الصلاة وإيطا is ذكاتي they keep prayer they give charity in every verse Allah reveres the believers that the ones who keep prayer keep prayer, keep prayer now why do we need to pray people say Allah doesn't need my prayer why should I pray knowing this principle of probability I want you to understand why but take it higher than probability let's not even go to let's not even go to probability let's take it higher one step صلاة is a is a practice for gratitude for thanks so a young boy once came and asked me and many times I'm asked that question brother why should I pray I don't have the spirit to pray I feel like I'm a yoyo up and down up and down I don't feel like I'm doing anything I'm just thinking about 10 things while I'm praying I said it's okay are you praying said yes but you know I'm not getting that hushu I don't get that connection I said you won't get the connection if you haven't plugged in to the system of God if prayer becomes a distraction to you whereby you are busy trying to achieve worldly gains and adhan is recited it's a distraction to you hence out of courtesy you will pray because you know you have to but it's a courtesy where you will sort of be distracted from your worldly pursuits to pray to God that's why you don't get connected it's like you're busy talking to somebody you're very engaged you're very deep in the conversation you're real there's a real heart to heart conversation and somebody comes and taps on your shoulder and you look at them out of courtesy and then after looking at them out of courtesy you give them a few seconds of attention but your heart and mind is there but you're giving courtesy to this one who's just intruded to many of us is that person tapping on my shoulder like yeah oh yeah oh your mind is there but you're giving lip service to this one this is why our Salah often has no connection it's a let me get it done with so I can feel good because I know if God if I pray then I won't be thrown in hell many a times you ask children and adults why do you pray I don't want to go to hell like God is so much in need of our prayers that if you don't pray to him like he's going to get so disappointed that you ignored him that's not true not at all now if you avoid praying and you reject Allah's mercy of course you deserve to be punished but that's not the reason why we pray we pray because we appreciate his grace so I give this example if somebody comes to your door and gives you a wonderful gift something you really like and you open the door what do you do do you welcome the person do you engage with them do you talk to them do you give them attention because they have given you they have a gift in front of their hands and they're handing it to you you have total attention to that person and then what do you do what is the protocol ask any human being on earth 7.5 billion people who are intelligent ask them when a gift is given to you what do you do I thank them do you wait 10 minutes to thank them do you wait half an hour to thank them do you wait a day to thank them you know how insulting it is to wait the longer you wait the less you give the gift and the gifter isn't it amazing logic, rationality when you and I understand the grace of Allah then Salah becomes natural I'm not going to pray because he's gonna throw me in hell no I'm in love with this being I am so in love that I'm waiting for the beloved to call me it's like when you hold a phone you know and you just got engaged you can't wait for that fiance of yours to call you you know because you're so in love and if they are delayed even 5 minutes you get uncomfortable and when the phone rings you don't wait for it to ring twice you pick it up yes hello yes I'm here now imagine somebody sends a gift to you do you wait gift let me open it oh nice very beautiful and the gifter standing there and sometimes sadly okay bye close the door like no thanks what should you do protocol consciousness immediately say oh wow you didn't have to that's so wonderful you remembered me thank you thank you thank you yes I'm so grateful I want to give you a hug I love you we do that it's protocol do you have to be Muslim to do that you have to be human to do that Islam touches humanity at its highest level and Allah says look at what I'm doing for you every second I said why 5 times a day God can't I say it once we say that you know it's funny sometimes you do something for somebody they'll send you a message brother I can't thank you okay you told me an hour ago it's just not leaving my mind I just want to thank you again is it bad no so Allah is saying to me if I gave you to pray once a day maybe you'd complain to me that God you give me so much you allow me to talk to you once why not 5 times a day isn't it beautiful and Allah says I'm so merciful I make it 3 times a day why so that you know the purpose of life so that I remind you that while you're achieving all these pleasures of this world don't forget I am the giver so Salah is built on gratitude how am I gratitude how am I a grateful person how do I practice gratitude look around you every handshake every smile when rain drops when Hugh Downs was doing 2020 he was waiting for a heart transplant because his heart was failing and the last minute this wealthy man last minute he gets a heart and he survived and 2020 he did a whole long term show on him and finally when this man has recovered gotten his heart back alive Hugh Downs asks him what's the first thing you're going to do and he says I'm going to go outside this hospital when it rains and I'm going to wait for the rain to fall on my face but people think you're crazy ask a child come on let's go outside let's feel the rain what's wrong with you give me my tools my toys my expensive games I want cars and I want fancy things this rich man says الله says how little you are great like that individual was claiming that my friends are so rich how come I'm not rich some of us are depressed because everyone around us seems to be richer nicer looking, better clothes better lifestyle than ours we've got it wrong we've got it wrong the messenger never compare yourself with somebody when it comes to material pleasures never compare yourself with those who are wealthier than you compare yourself with those who are less than you so you'll always be happy but aspire for higher existence but don't be depressed because others are more than you so this story of an angel comes to a man and says really you're complaining you're poor said yeah I am poor he said if Allah gave you all a billion dollars I'm just using an analogy here 10 billion dollars when you lost one eye and it's gonna cost you a billion dollars to get it back will you give it the man said without a doubt without batting an eye I will give it he says then you lost your other eye that's another billion then you lost your finger you lost your legs and by the time he finished his conversation in a few minutes he exhausted his 10 billion dollars to use the analogy he said you foolish man what are you complaining about your poverty when you are so rich and how blessed you are as a human being have you looked in the mirror how blessed you are with your mobility and ability and agility have you looked at that subhanallah this is why our prayers are weak when we make dua do it through grace look around you and see the possibility of probabilities that I could lose it all I could be debilitated I could be paraplegic if not quadriplegic and then I won't be able to get something I remember in my university there was a quadriplegic boy on my floor and he used to call me the other room I said sure and he's quadriplegic he says can you get me that can you put that in my mouth I said sure I take it and put it in his mouth and something in my head tells me this boy was able to run and walk but he took a dive in a shallow lake and he hit his head on a rock and today he's a quadriplegic he cannot even lift that he's looking at it and there's nothing he can do today we have prosthetics and technologies which allows us to even use robots to get something for us which is a rahmah of Allah anyway but nothing beats mobility and independence ability to decide and to move with agility how little we are grateful brothers and sisters honestly when someone asks me why should I pray I say go look in the mirror for God's sakes and see what Allah has given you and stop asking this question the way you might think it's a burden but consider it a grace that God has enabled you to come to him and ask him and to pray to him and to talk to him and to console you for there is nothing better in the world than prayer you find the power of prayer imagine somebody is a billionaire they are sick in the hospital you'll find nothing is more powerful than when you say to them I pray for you you go to the wealthiest people in the world Malcolm Forbes when he was dying on his deathbed you know Forbes was a very wealthy man billionaire and he's sick dying you think he'll tell the doctor I'll give you a million dollars more because Disney who was a billionaire also could do nothing but freeze his body through cryogenics with the hope that in the future they will find a cure for his life for his health problem because he loves his existence why shouldn't he it's a blessing it's a grace of God but you go to such people and say you're rich give a few million hospitals will come in your direction and me will help me no الله سبحانه وتعالى says وإذا مرضتوا فهو يشفين he is the one who quenches your thirst gives you your risk and makes your thirst quench and when you are sick he cures you prayer it's powerful studies have been done that people who pray cure miraculously and they don't even know they're being prayed for you know that research shows that even if you don't know someone is praying for you you will find that you get better cure you cure faster than those who don't get prayed for Quran mentions in many verses in many chapters and verses where angels are praying for us when we do good now you ask why angels praying for us it's a means to connect that this game of probability that is in your life when you seek it and you ask me to intervene I intervene when you lead your house recite ikhlas 7 times قل هو الله أحد 7 times الله will bring you back the way you left how do I avoid such accidents he said give charity charity give charity to the needy give charity to the poor keep giving because you have trust in God God will protect you give it and do استخفار seek grace الله says وعدت للمتقين hasten to protection and forgiveness where a paradise where a paradise awaits you greater than the earth and sky put together right that it's a calling to those who are God conscious الذين ينفقون في الصراعي والضراع والقاعدمين الغيذ they give charity in good times and in bad times and they hold their anger they swallow their anger والقاعدمين الغيذ والعافين عن الناس الله يحب المحسين forgive mankind God loves the good doers tonight is the night of dua tomorrow as you know we will discuss the shahada of khadijat al of khadijat al of khadijat al of khadijat al of khadijat al of khadijat al of khadijat al of khadijat al of khadijat al of khadijat al of khadijat al of the holy prophet and I will talk about womanhood tomorrow but tonight I want us to reflect in this month of Ramadan the month of dua now we may ask when we pray why is it that our prayers don't get accepted in totality there is a book I recommend everyone of you to read it's called hidden truths في القرآن بمرهوم سيد مجتبة موسى ويلاري أقلت هذا أغسط مني في حياتي when I was in the Islamic Republic سيد مجتبة موسى ويلاري may Allah bless this soul مثل اللامة تبا تباي شهيد متهري شهيد بخر صدر خميني رحمة الله may Allah bless this soul سيد خوي all of these great personalities who are a guidance for all of us when you find Sayyed Laadi when I met him he actually wrote all the books of the principles of Islam the usul God and His attributes resurrection brilliant books masterpieces in my opinion we should read them if you want to know usul people ask me brother how do I secure my faith know usul know the principles of life know who is God know the day of judgment لا يوجد أفضل ، لا أعرف لماذا يعمل السلسل من الله ، فهي يجب أن ترى تدربة الشريعة ، يبدو بشكل أسي بعد ذلك ويجد أن تحاولها بشكل أسي ولكن أعرفه وقد أخبره في هذا البلد ومن one of his chapters in this book by the way, all his books are available online free of charge إذا كنت تذهب إلى موسىويلاري.org m-u-s-a-v-i-l-a-r-i-dot-o-r-g يمكنك أن تدخل كل هذه البلدات في أي بلد أن تريد في موسىويلاري في أي بلد لأنه هو بلد للحياة وهي كانت بلد ما أخبره موسىويل وموسىويل فيه البلده يتحدث عن دعاء ومساعدة دعاء موضوعاً موضوعاً موضوعاً موضوعاً ولكن موضوعاً موضوعاً يخبره أنه عندما يحبك يخبره أنه عندما يحبك أن دعاء موضوعاً موضوعاً يخبره أن الله يحبك all prayers now some argue well you know your heart has to be very pure and has to have very very you know has to be very connected to god in very high stations for your دعاء to be accepted i mean if that's the case then we're all doomed right sure we should have purity in the higher we are the closer we are to god and inshallah more gets accepted but i don't care if you're the dirtiest of the dirtiest creature in the world god listens to you and he answers you even فراون who spoke to god god spoke to him so he was the dirtiest of the dirt and yet allah spoke to him so why should allah not talk to us allah replies everybody but we ask the question how is my prayer accepted there are many ways we can say to god god please give me a red lamborghini you say i want to be the ceo of a fortune 500 company making a billion dollars a year and you told me you ask and i'll give it to you that's a silly prayer material prayer now if a lamborghini is going to do something good for you and take you into a good trial and tribulation maybe take you to higher goals and maybe you can do something great maybe you'll get it but allah replies strategic and i'll give you a red lamborghini and i'll give you a red lamborghini and he says and he says i love it i have heard you i have replied you but in the scope of time my reply will come a week later a month later a decade later do you believe in me now we beg from allah in a very wrong perspective i've had people come to me and say brother i wasn't praying i wanted to pray all hell let loose i've been praying to god and he's not giving me like you know there was such credit you know i had so much credit towards god like i did so many favors to god now i'm gonna go bargain with him you know we're gonna go on a you know on a bargaining table and we're gonna negotiate with god so god i'll talk to you i'll pray to you i need see and if you don't give it to me i may not consider you important god i'm being facetious here but you get my point many of us when we come towards the salah like we're doing a favor to allah allah says يَا مُنْنُونَ عَلَيْكَ عَنْ أَسْلَمُوا قُلَّا تَا مُنْنُوا عَلَيْ يَا إِسْلَمَكُمْ بَلِ اللَّهُ يَا مُنْنُوا عَلَيْكُمْ عَنْ هَدَاكُمْ لِيْيْمَانْ they think they're doing you a favor by submitting or prophet tell them you have done no favor to god but rather god has done a favor to you to guide you and to show you this path so when we come to pray don't come with any expectations for he has already given us too much shame on us if we don't thank him and when we come to salah with khushu when allah says قَدْ أَفْلَحَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ الَّذِينَ هُمْ فِي صَلَاتِ إِمْخَىَ شَعُونَ though successful is the believer on what grounds is this khushu my lord i have accounted for what you have given me and i can never pay you back shame on me for not having come more to you but i come to submit to you for you can give me whatever you want and you can take everything you gave me for you've given me too much now pray like that and see the difference in prayer no bargains no asking god i want i want you not giving me i expect what expectation we did nothing to exist he made us he shapes us he grows us he feeds us he loves us shame on us when we pray i go to karbala his whole family is being butchered butchered his infant child is being taken sohanallah 14th centuries later i am looking at him and i said how do you have that strength to stand on that battlefield when you have been taken and they are going to chain your family and drag them city to city and you are the representative of god i am not worthy of being their shoes do you get it don't come with conditions please Imam Hussein looks and says stop this battle it's salat time the kufar on the other side it's salat your prayers are not accepted Imam says no problem say what you want they say Abu Thamama reminds Imam Hussein and says it's prayer time Imam says may Allah raise you with a prayer for once the way ibrahim pray رب جعلني مقيم الصلاة ومن ذرية ربنا وتقبل دعا my lord make me prayer for رب جعلني مقيم الصلاة ومن ذرية when ibrahim and ismail built the Kaaba he went down to sujud رب جعلني مقيم الصلاة my lord make me prayer for in my generations for it's gratitude it's not indoctrination it's not madness it's not stupidity it's love it's affection that Imam Hussein stops the battle and says pray pray you know he lost half his army during salah half his army received arrows and they died in salah now Imam is teaching me there's only 72 warriors there's 100 of us that are really defending against 30,000 of these enemies of God strategically we should fight them and they did they started at fajr till dawn to sustain an army that is much larger than you they should have been annihilated in 30 minutes it took them half a day they still couldn't annihilate and they lost half the army in salah what is the Imam telling us about the importance of gratitude about dua about begging and praying and going into sujud not an act in futility it's deep it's powerful and we ask the question ya Imam your children are being butchered we are so grateful to God we make no conditions that while our children are being massacred they say we are satisfied with what you have decreed and we submit to you this is the dua we should do in the time of Ramadan pray pray with gratitude look and say my God you've given me too much I can't wait to thank you then when you really really get into that then the night prayer becomes sweet then the extra prayer becomes sweet but the greatest prayer of prayer is in the silence to remember God my time is up but let me conclude in this when we pray let's pray to make Allah to have Allah make us like what He wants it's a deep conversation here you find that when you ask Allah not for the Lamborghinis in the fancy cars ask but that's childish say my lord make me what you want me to be give me wealth if it's good take it from me if it's bad give me long life give me trials if I can handle it don't give it to me if I cannot handle it if I need to go for greater trials then strengthen my back before you do it now God says look at this creation it's begging me to make them great to elevate them I love them so much that's why I made them and look they are responding to me to be greater so you know as Habiqaf the companions of the cave that's what they did when they were about to be butchered or crucified it's a very difficult situation Allah says and Allah replied he said our lord we don't know what to do when it's stuck like when we're sick like anytime pray it's the most powerful thing the zero sum argument never ceases to help even in good times and in bad times Allah said what did I do with the companions of the cave they asked me to make their affairs right they didn't know I was going to put them to sleep for 300 years they didn't know that they were going to sleep for 309 lunar years they had no idea but I planned it because they asked me to make it right for them so I put them to sleep for 300 years and I walked them up 300 years later like they slept a day and they became they were so young in their age because their fifth generation grandchildren were older than they were and I showed them did you see you asked me to make it good I made it better than you ever imagined this is the kind of dua you and I should do that's why Allah says let them reply me and let them believe in me if they're to be rightly guided may Allah give us a tawfeeq to be those servants of God that Allah is pleased with so to to read this dua I will end with this dua بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم إلهي بيخص صفاتك وبعز جلالك وأعظم أسمائك وبعسمة أنبيائك وبنور يوليائك وبدمي شهدائك وبمدادي علامائك وبدعائي صلحائك وبمناجاتي فقرائك وكيادة في العلم وصحة في الجسم وطولا في العمر في تعاتك وصاعة في الرزق وتوبة قبل الموت وراحة عند الموت ومغفرة بعد الموت ونورا في القبر ونجاة من النار ودخولا في الجنة وعافة من كل بلاء الدنيا وعذاب الآخرة بحق محمد وأهل بيتي الطيبين والله في الاسم من مهمة الخلفي الفجار والمجتمع والدعيم والأخي بالموت the blood of your martyrs the path of your scholars the prayers of your upright servants the sincere prayers of your devoted servants we beg you for more knowledge firmness of body long life to worship you possession of wealth repentance before death tranquility at the time of death باستخدام شرطة مندة الحاكمة وفاكس محافظة على تسيارات المتواجد وفاكس محافظة من المحافظة وعلى هذه المواقع وعلى هذه المواقع وفاكس محمد ومشاك ومبرد السلام عليكم جميعا ورحمة الله وبركاته


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It says no vet commons ship for some reason, but it does everything's numbered or something like or it's a hit Big thanks to this group for making it happen So Barry you ended up at last bottom mojo before we pulled the remaining teams For the team random so people like Sean if you got a little rooftop next thing that means you won that team in the filler Good luck everyone and thanks for getting in So there's the three and two you can kind of see the Panini sticker right there fresh case one of our With Halloween coming up one of our Jaspy collectors in the chat gave Jilo made a great Suggestion, you know Halloween's coming up this weekend and depending on what your neighborhood likes to do some sometimes Everyone trigger treats on Saturday or Sunday. I think it's I think Halloween's like falls on a weird day on a Monday But a In addition to or instead of candy. What about commons throw some vet commons in there You know get some get some kids into the hobby this fall Kind of something something a little different. All right There's Max Scherzer 86 out of 99 that's Mets addition. There's Aaron Ashby for the Brewers 93 out of 99 And there's Max Scherzer again future first ballets 41 out of 50 It's for Patrick in the Mets Aaron Ashby will go to Brandon in the brew crew Yeah, Mark saying can maybe make some silver packs for commons in an insert Right Jilo a chief's fan, so he's getting rid of all his Raiders commons. How do you even end up with those? He's buying boxes sometimes. There's Jeremy Pena quad relic for the Astros. We'll see him in the World Series 9 out of 60 Patrick Cox with that and then we've got lone star signatures the man is steel Ricky Henderson I like that star window piece of his lumber a low number to 11 out of 15 a's dy with the athletics Thomas has give him a give him Mack Jones autographs this I guess See they tried I guess it's gonna be zappy air announced Not not just zappy hour, but zappy season. All right 10 out of 32 Xander Bogarts For Boston, there's George Valera for Cleveland that's to 32 It'll be for Mark Xander goes to Michael And Robinson canoes 65 out of 150 It'll be for the Mets. That's gonna be for Patrick. All right. The relic is Jaren Duran Duran hungry like the wolf That will be for Michael and the Red Sox seven out of ten Oh, and a four-yard TD run by Remandry Stevenson. He's on my fantasy team Bobby Wood Jr. Nice Jersey and autograph for the Royals rookie Jersey and Otto Kevin got the Royals in the filler 35 out of 49 congrats Now I'm getting nervous about my Chicago plus eight and a half 27 999 the Ryan Express for Patrick check that for Royal and Nope for D. Why and the I can't read today. D. Why and the Rangers There's another Aaron Ashby to 99 and to 50 Frank Thomas. All right the relic is a three and two relic Craig Biggio for the Stroze. It'll be for Patrick 12 out of 35 Three and two Full count swatches and there is Josh young Day one autograph for the Rangers. It'll be for D. Why and Texas nine out of ten Right. Yeah, Mark is anticipating Boston sports talk radio. It's gonna be awesome tomorrow. Yeah, that should that should be a fun listen check in tomorrow Mark, let us know what they say QB controversy. Definitely in the air Now what do you do with Mac Jones? Unless Zappy falls apart in the in the second half who knows what's gonna happen. Are we in the second half already? Getting getting two half time, aren't we? Who knows what's gonna happen? Yeah, six minutes left in the second quarter. All right, there is Shoahio Tani 16 out of 25 It's for Adam. I think yeah Adam and the Angels Matt Brash 19 out of 25 for the Ems Michael Lose it with the Mariners And there's Altuve 30 out of 150 So the Stroze that'll be for Patrick. All right relic and then auto got a big piece of Al K lines lumber Detroit that'll be for Adam and the Tigers Tiger uppercut three out of 25 and Then there's Joe Ryan some nice colors popping rookie dual relic and autograph 13 out of 25 Minnesota That'll be for Patrick. Yeah, that would be the ultimate right Zappy then gets hurt Mac Jones wins on a game-winning drive in the fourth quarter Then what are you gonna do people's head would heads would explode in Boston the 34 out of 99 buck Leonard There's Reed Detmer's 18 out of 99 and then there's Juan Soto to 150 still nationals here That buck Leonard The homestead grays, I believe Negro League team we're gonna give a One person a shot is gonna get this and randomize everybody's names name on top to get that extra card along with any other Negro League cards that may get pulled All right three and two Relic Rod Carew California Angels Adam Kaeperman 23 out of 25 And the auto is lone star signatures Kiebert Ruiz two-color patch and autograph and it's a one-of-one That's for Mark and the nationals mark All aboard the big hit Express Former Dodger catching prospect All right Second half. All right. We got Salvi Sal Perez 17 out of 32 for Kansas City It's for Kevin The Dodgers Ryan Pepio To 55 out of 90 at 56 out of 99. That's gonna be for Tim in the Dodgers and Say a Suzuki all rookie team 40 out of 50. That will be for the Cubs Patrick and your hits Got a quadratic Brandon Marsh still angels edition here, but We'll see him with the Phillies in the World Series starting Friday 60 out of 60 Got a Jaren Duran Duran day one autograph by Colossia Red Sox 32 out of 49 All right, I got your dawn Alvarez 20 out of 99. We'll see him in the World Series Patrick with the Astros What World Series MVP odds are there's Brandon Mars 16 out of 99. We'll have to look that up at some point 150 out of 150 Zach Rankie for Kansas City. That's gonna be for Kevin bears are not driving here Uh We're gonna look at it now because I'm curious you're done Alvarez plus 600 He is the favorite to be the World Series MVP Bryce Harper plus 700. So you're done six to one basically if you Understand fractional odds better Bryce Harper plus 700 or seven to one Justin Verlander 10 to one Kyle Tucker 10 to one Alex Bregman 10 to one Frambo Valdez 11 to one Altuve 13 to one Shorber 13 to one Aaron Nola 15 to one Jeremy Pena 18 to one JT real Muto Zach Wheeler Reese Hoskins all 18 to one Then it jumps a lot it jumps up to 30 to one and up for Christian Javier Yuli-Guriel Alec Bohm Blah blah blah blah blah blah. What about Brandon Marsh? He's a 150 to one who does everyone have for MVP Altuve They're giving him 13 to one plus 1300 There's a big piece of his lumber there 11 out of 35 That is Patrick with the Astros 21 out 35 Luis Gonzalez nice jersey and auto for Arizona for the D-backs That's gonna go to Michael Ossia. Yeah, I guess you could be like if you think Philly wins Who's because it's generally the winning team, right? If it's the Phillies the Phillies wins gotta be Bryce Harper, that's why he's seven to one, but if the Astros win then then who It's got to be your not one. I mean, that's why they're favorites But what if what if you couldn't choose Bryce the favorites? What if you couldn't choose you are done Alvarez and And and and Bryce Harper that'd be a good challenge good exercise. All right, there's Frankie Frisch 25 out of 99 I'll go to Logan And St. Louis another Ryan Pepio To 32 for Tim and the Dodgers and there's Anthony Rizzo to 150 all hands team Yankees Alright relic and then auto the relic is map rash for Seattle 8 out of 60 for Michael and the M's And there's Bernie Williams lone star signatures put the pinstripe right there got Bernie Williams nice penmanship 26 out of 35 that'll be for Patrick Cox and the 80s two more to go Patriots struggling a little bit with the with the Bears run right now All right, Brandon Crawford 16 out of 25 for the Giants That will be for Patrick Bryce and Stott 8 out of 99 for the Phillies In case you're wondering Phillies fans and and Chris Maxwell and the Phillies Bryson Stott is Same as Brandon Marshall 150 to 1 plus 15,000 There's a rod 26 out of 150 There is jumbo swatches Carlos Correa for the twins. I think he's everyone's expecting him to opt out right Twins that'll be for Patrick 7 out of 10 and we have Shane Bos day one autograph for the Rays. That'll be for what we roll it 9 out of 15 won that team in the filler final box The next pick your team in the store. So this is pick your team for Peter team 5 in the store. No filler yet So get after it on jasky's case breaks calm. These are these are turning out to be pretty fun The insert set they call it swatches, but they will include They will include back in there as well 9 out of 32 Nolan Ryan Rangers edition here's a 2 out of 3 Nick Ladolo rookie card Nice little number here for Michael Losi on the red legs Michael All aboard the big hit express Out of 5's and under getting the train whistle. There's Brandon March angels edition 10 out of 50 All right in the final two hits Good luck Got Tyler McGill Quad relic for the Mets That'll be for Patrick and the final auto is the X-man Xander Bogarts Jersey and autograph for the Red Sox. Is he a free agent to Michael locia?  Let's get a couple clean lists here So new dice so everyone gets a shot at the Buck Leonard card the extra card You're too crazy, but everyone gets a shot at it and if you bought at least two teams Then you get one entry If you or if you want to teams you can get an entry is it time to dust off your Khalil Herbert's So Adam got two teams at entry D. Y. I got two teams. That's an entry Logan got two teams as an entry mark got two teams at century Michael Losi got four half of those become entries. That's two Patrick bought eight half of those become entries. That's four Roille Two team one two teams. That's an entry Shane Sean also won two teams. That's an entry and Tim bought two That's an entry All right, so let's just spot check here make sure I got everyone here got Adam Got D. Y. Got Logan Mark Michael Patrick Sean and Tim All right, so let's gather all these name one dice roll for that list as well for both lists that is It's gonna be One and a four five times This is for the extra card one two three four and five After five name on top is gonna be There you go Adam you'll get the the Buck Leonard card 34 out of 99 Homestead Graves All right, either way it'll go to you Adam after five congrats one and a four or five times top two get a box each one two three four and Once more fifth and final time After five it's Patrick and mark congrats to you you'll get a sealed box Patrick you'll get that one and mark you'll get that one you can sell it if you want to but if you choose to open it You get something cool Definitely, let us know or just take a picture of it tag us on Twitter at Jasper's breaks I'll take a look at it most likely retweet it. All right. I'm Joe. Thanks for watching. Thanks for breaking with me I'll see you next time for the next one. Bye. Bye