I ain't got to. And I think what social media do, social media gave a lot of people a microphone and they just be saying all types of shit. And they don't look at people winning and say that's better for the game. If I'm a rapper and rappers is winning, that's better for me.   Not just for us, for other sisters that might wanna do something in a different field and come with a different lane.


Bismillah ar-Rahman ar-Raheem and the name of Allah, the All-Merciful, the Ever-Merciful and the Everlasting Curse beyond the Satan and his followers. Allah's blessings on peace be upon Muhammad the Prophet and upon his pure family. Our respected viewers, before starting with this episode, allow me to start with one of the saints of Al-Imam Al-Fasayn, the master of martyrs when he says, The one who is generous may attain greatness and he who is a miser becomes miserable and contemptible. Our respected viewers, peace be upon you and welcome to Al-Imam Al-Fasayn, a series of episodes in which we talk about the different stages of Al-Imam Al-Fasayn's life. Starting from his miraculous birthday, talking about some of the stories and events happened to him during his holy life, mentioning some of the prophetic traditions and quotes said in his right by the grandfather and then ending up with his unmatchable martyrdom. My name is Hassan Hadi and I'm honored to be hosting this program. Our respected viewers in the last episode, we spoke about Al-Imam Al-Fasayn arriving in Mecca after leaving Medina and we also spoke about Imam Al-Fasayn paying pilgrimage to his grandfather, his mother and his grandmother Khadija Tulkubra, Allah's blessings on peace be upon them all. However, in today's episode, we will talk about Al-Imam Al-Fasayn arriving in Mecca and the letters of support he received from his followers in Kufa. Our respected viewers, even as the Imam traveled to Mecca, news reached him that Yazid bin Muawiyah had sent out 30 assassins to the city to murder the Imam. Al-Imam Al-Fasayn arrived in Mecca on the 3rd of Shaaban, 60 after Hijrah. Once in Mecca, he visited the grave of his grandmother, Khadija Tulkubra, immediately the Imam began receiving letters of support from Kufa where the Imam's supporters had learned of the death of Muawiyah and Husayn's refusal to pay allegiance to Yazid, namely the son of Muawiyah. Allah's curses be on both of them. In Kufa, Suleyman bin Sarat informed the Shi'a who gathered in his home about these matters and said the following Muawiyah is dead, Al-Husayn has well held giving his pledge of allegiance to Bani Umayyah and has gone to Mecca. You are his Shi'a and the Shi'a of his father, namely Ali ibn Abi Talib. If you know that you will be his helpers and fighters against his enemy and that our lives will be given on behalf of him, then write to him and tell him of that. But if you fear failure and weakness to not tempt the man who risk his own life, to this the Kufians responded the following, no indeed we will fight his enemy and we will give our lives for him. Thus our respected viewers, the Shi'a of Kufa, wrote to Imam Al-Husayn the following letter In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful, to Al-Husayn bin Ali, peace be upon him and upon his father, from Suleyman bin Sarat and the believers and Muslims of his Shi'a among the Kufians. Greetings, we praise Allah before you besides whom there is no God. Praise be to Allah the Almighty who has broken your enemy, the obstinate tyrant who had leaped upon his community, stripped it of its authority, plundered its fey and seized control of it without its consent. Then he had killed the best members of the community and preserved its wicked. He made the property of God a state divided among its tyrants and wealthy. He was destroyed as Thamud were destroyed. Now there is no Imam over us. Therefore come through you. May Allah the Almighty unite us under the truth. Al-Nu'man bin Bashir is in the Governor's Palace and we do not gather with him for the Friday prayer nor do we accompany him for the Eid service. If we learn that you will come to us, we will drive him away until we pursue him to Syria if Allah the Almighty the Exalted wills it. Our respected viewers, the Khufans dispatched several carriers every other day for six days with similar letters and the final letter it was written the following Make haste, the people are waiting for you. They have no esteem for anyone except you. Therefore hurry, hurry. And another letter was sent which read in part If you so wish, come to an army which has been gathered for you. Our respected viewers, upon reading this outpouring of support he inquired further with the carriers about the condition of the Shi'a in Kufa. In order to verify the contents of the letters as well as the gesture of support to the Shi'a in Kufa the Imam decided that he would send the various Muslim bin Aqeel to their city to investigate what was happening right there. The Imam, Allah's blessings on peace be upon him told Muslim that if he saw the people were united and had committed themselves to his fear that he would hurry to inform him about it. Thus he returned a couple of their messengers with his reply. Their reply was the following in the name of Allah The beneficent, the merciful from Al-Hussein bin Ali to the leaders of the believers and the Muslims. Hani and Sa'ad your carriers have brought me your letters. They are the last two of your messengers who have come to me. I have understood everything which you have described and mentioned. The main statement of your great man is there is no Imam over us. Therefore come, through you Allah may unite us on the truth and guidance. I am sending you my brother Muslim bin Aqeel Allah's blessings on peace be upon him. Who is my cousin? I am unconfident from my household. If he writes to me that the opinion of leaders of the man and wisdom and merit among you is united in the same way as the messengers who have come to me have described and as I have read in your letters then I will come to you speedily as Allah wills. For by my life, where is the Imam except one who judges by the book upholds justice, professes the religion of truth and dedicates himself to the surface of Allah the Almighty and peace.  Our respected viewers, this is the end of today's episode. Let's pray that Allah the Almighty hasten the reappearance of the master of our time to interpret the message of the grandfather when he says, I only desire to spread good values and to prevent evil. This is what we have for you in today's episode until we meet again. Thank you very much indeed. Wassalamu alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh.


We are currently out here conducting a dismounted ambush on a light armor convoy. The purpose of the training for setting up an ambush is basically so that you can teach your lower level as well as any level leadership throughout the formation how to appropriately set in an ambush on an enemy element whether that be on dismounts or on a convoy and basically so that we can go ahead and determine what errors of friction that we have right now. Implement those, fix those, that way it will be better set from whenever we move forward downrange on the time of the future.


If you've watched our introductory video on developing a research question, you'll know that to create a research question, we suggest you follow five basic steps. 1. Pick a topic. 2. Narrow the topic. 3. List some questions. 4. Pick a question. And 5. Focus the question. You may wonder, how does this work in practice? To answer this, we'll follow the case of Jill, a geography student who used this method to pick a topic and develop a question for her research paper. Recently, Jill took the Coastal Processes and Landforms course. The course had a research paper assignment. Jill knew after reading the chapter in her textbook that covered beach environments that she wanted to write her paper on this topic. That's because Jill loves the beach. Jill is from Fort Erie, Ontario. All her life, Jill has loved going to the beaches in the area, like Crystal Beach, Waverly Beach, and Pleasant Beach, and she was very interested in these specific beach environments. She knew her initial topic was too broad, so she decided to narrow it by looking at one issue mentioned in her text, Coastal Erosion. But that topic was still very broad, so the next step in Jill's approach was to narrow the topic further. To do this, Jill started to write out some different aspects of the topic. From her textbook, she listed out some processes that lead to Coastal Erosion, such as supply of sand and sea level rise. She listed some methods that are applied to prevent erosion, such as sea walls and tidal barriers. And she listed some management strategies that have been implemented to deal with erosion, such as policies or planning. Another way Jill narrowed the topic was by adding a specific geographical component, the North Shore of Lake Erie near Fort Erie. Then Jill listed out some questions on these aspects, such as what morphological changes are occurring on the Lake Erie coastline, and what coastal management strategies have been developed for the beaches around Fort Erie. Jill decided to focus on the management of coastal erosion in the Fort Erie area. As Jill continued to read in her textbook, she came across a discussion of the integrated coastal management approach, a relatively recent approach to coastal zone management that takes into account a full range of factors and issues affecting a stretch of coastline. She decided to include the integrated coastal management approach into a research topic. Once Jill had some preliminary questions, she began to conduct some initial research using one of the library's research databases, GeoBase. She used GeoBase because she knew it would help her find peer-reviewed research articles and that it focused specifically on geography and environmental studies research. She used the keywords Coastal Zone Management and Lake Erie to get an idea of how much scholarly research has been done on this topic. She found a number of articles that seemed relevant and read their abstracts and conclusions. Jill downloaded and saved the citations of these papers so that she could later indicate where she got her ideas from when formulating her research question and thesis statement. Some of these preliminary findings even indicated to her the direction her own research might take. At this point, Jill was able to formulate her research question as what integrated coastal management principles have been implemented along the Lake Erie North Shore to manage coastal erosion. Using some of the research she already found, Jill was able to turn this question into a thesis statement. Her thesis basically stated that integrated coastal management principles have not been implemented in the Lake Erie North Shore region due to a lack of coordination between various levels of government. Jill was then able to proceed with a more comprehensive literature review and undertake the rest of her research. If you have any questions, ask us at library.wlu.ca.help.askus.


what you all do each and every day. All this you see out here doesn't work without all of you right here. None of that means anything without you. The support you provide for this air station. So thank you for what you do. We appreciate it. Second, liberty's a mission, right? They go enjoy this liberty period, be thankful, reflect on our service, reflect on what we do for the nation, what doesn't come before has done us. Marines, our other obligation is to make sure that there is so much talent in the three other corporals, the sergeant. And as the sergeant's major right here that helped us do that know, there was too much talent.


Hello and welcome to Do Not Disturb Mode, that is fine-tuning resources for latency-sensitive workloads. My name is Antti Kervinen. I work for Intel and I've been working on resource management, especially on the CRI and OCI run times. Hello, my name is Peter Hunt. I'm a software engineer at Red Hat, working primarily on cryo, but also on things in SIGNode and other container-related technologies. We also wanted to send a special shout-out, this presentation and work was partially brought to you by Marcus Lutzman, who also works at Intel. He has the integration and design of the RDP work that we're going to describe a little bit. To start off, we're going to talk a little bit about QoS or quality of service in Kubernetes. Since the beginning, Kubernetes has provided knobs to configure how different workloads are prioritized and how they're configured to run on a node. The QoS classes were used to specify memory limits and CPU limits, as well as boom-killing behavior for different pods. This behavior was able to be further customized by CPU management policies to be able to configure which CPUs workloads ended up on, which allows for users to configure CPU affinity so that there's an noisy neighbor problem among different workloads. This leaves a lot of other resources that exist on the node but aren't quite as possible to configure. This causes workloads to be disturbed when it would be a little bit better if they were less disturbed and were given more access to those resources and were less latent. Cryo has recently entered PR and Continuity as well, but in Cryo 1.22 we have the capability of configuring two new resources. The first one is Intel's Resource Director Technology, or RDT. It is a way to configure cache and memory bandwidth, so you can think of it as finer grade and control over the way that memory and the memory bandwidth and the CPU cache are configured. Next, we have the capability of configuring block IO classes. In a similar way as the QoS class, this gets class-based on a C-group granularity block IO controller. So you can configure how, given a C-group, you can configure how that C-group is able to, the scheduler is going to prioritize it, you can give it extra weight or you can throttle that workload so that it can only access a certain amount of the block IO. So let's describe the situation before any of this QoS stuff. So we have our three workloads running on the same cluster. It's a very realistic scenario of having 911, our emergency telephone service, and a flower delivery service, which is an important site that needs to stay up because people want to be able to order their flowers at all the time, but if it goes down or if it lags a little bit, no one's going to get hurt. And then finally we have a scanned file system, which will look all over the file system and see what's out there. This is something that we want to be doing fairly regularly, but we don't want to be, it's not really mission critical, there's no apps or things that will go down if it doesn't run, so it is our lowest priority. So by default, if we just run on a Kubernetes cluster, no configurations of limits of memory or anything like that. This is what it's going to look like. Each of these three workloads are going to end up on each of these three CPUs, the two CPU cores, and they're going to be split up among, they're going to argue with each other in the cache, causing things to get evicted back and forth. They're going to contend for memory bandwidth as well as for storage block IO. So this is not great if we want our 911 process to be undisturbed. So the first thing we can do is, and this is available as like 112 beta, so it's fairly well tested now, is setting a static CPU manager policy. So this allows the user to configure which CPU affinity each of the processes are scheduled on to. This allows for the 911 process to have its own dedicated CPU and no other process would get in the way of it. That's allowing it to be less latent. And then the other two processes can go on the other core and they can share and they can contend with each other and it's on as big a deal. But we still have all of these other resources that they're contending with. So something we can do now with Cryo 1.22 is configure the CPU cache behavior so that the 911 process is given a specific way to how its cache is being configured and it can run a little bit nicer with less contention around it. Further, we can configure how our scan file system process, which is a lot less important, is configured with memory bandwidth so we can throttle the memory bandwidth allowing for the scan file system process not take up too much memory bandwidth that would contend with the 911 or the flower delivery processes, which are much more important. Next up, we have the capability of giving higher block IO priority. So by default, the block IO priority weight is 100. So if we give the 911 process a weight of 400, that makes it have higher priority and it's given access to the block IO scheduling more frequently and it's allowed to do its things faster, which means it can run in a way that it gives it more access to the node and it can run less district. Finally, we can also throttle the block IO and this allows us to specify a specific amount of read and write rate that a certain C-group is given access to. In this case, our scan file system process is only going to give access to a certain amount, a certain rate, and this will also free up room for the flower delivery and 911 services. In other words, with all of these capabilities combined, we're giving this 911 access to all of these resources in a way that it is relatively undisturbed, much like this Q-puppy here. So 911 can do all of its normal activities and not worry about resource contention with other processes. So next up, we're going to do a bit of a demo of the block IO throttaling. Thanks, Peter. So I'll start sharing my console and now that we know what can be done on slides, let's see how it works on a virtual machine. So in my virtual machine setup, I have a configuration file added for Cryo, which tells that there is a separate block IO config file where block IO classes are defined and the file is in the ETC containers. And if we check the contents of that file, there is a single class definition. So there's a slow reader class introduced in this file and the introduction goes so that for all the block devices that match this regular expression, this wild card actually, for all those block devices, total reading down to the five megabytes per second. And now we are going to start our file system scanner here to go to this class. So let's see how this file system scanner put and actually demons that Jammu looks like. So in the annotations, you can find block IO resources, beta Kubernetes IO annotation and I'm giving it the scope of POT, meaning that I want this annotation to apply to all containers inside this POT. I could also give here a container name to restrict to this block IO class only to a container. Okay. And the block IO class name is the slow reader and how this file system scanner works. There's one container running busybox and inside the busybox it is running a while loop and inside the while loop it is looking for files under the scan directory and it is passing those files as command line arguments to MD5 sum and then that will be sorted and saved to a file and then the files would be diffed compared to previous MD5 sums and that way we could track that what is changed in the file system and what are the checksums for all these files. So the most important thing here is actually to know that what is actually being done and who is actually reading the block devices is the MD5 sum process so it is reading the files and maybe for completeness I'll show quickly that what is under the scan so in the scan directory I have mounted user bin and user lib from the host file system as read only mounts. Okay. I think that we are ready to launch this file system scanner. There it is and if we now check out what these C-groups look like so I have a helper script digging out C-groups details I can see that in the default namespace there is a file system scanner pod inside it there is a busybox container and for that container in its C-groups there is a read BPS device file for block IO controller defined and it has found two devices from this virtual machine so two devices are actually matching this wild card here and the read is now limited down to five megabytes per second for both of those devices. Let's see now the MD5 process really should be running and if I'm checking out what's in the proc and bit of MD5 and IO file so there is something really happening numbers are changing so if I take this nice little polling loop here and compare the numbers all the time to the previous ones that we have read and make that human readable we can see that it's always the five megabytes per second at most that the MD5 some process is reading okay so now we have seen that this actually works so we can now continue and take a step back and think that what have we actually introduced here is a bigger scale so I'll start sharing that tap again and let's see so we have been defining here first steps for this kind of class based QoS so we have enabled workloads to be annotated with QoS related class names there is block IO classes and there are RDD classes both for high priority workloads and also limiting classes for low priority workloads which we want to make sure that won't interfere that much with other higher priority workloads and here the name of the class in the workload configuration is kind of node independent so we at this point where workloads are annotated we don't actually have to care too much about the node hardware details so we do not give any absolute numbers here for instance but those are hidden inside the per node configuration files that are read by container run times cryo in this example and here why we are doing this so that we have this kind of node configurations separately is that if you think of the block IO for instance and compare spinning hard drive to SSD or compare that to non volatile memory like obtain the characteristics of those block devices in performance are completely different so the value is how you would like to throttle this kind of file system scanner on real hard like physical hard drive or non volatile memory those values could be totally different but anyway you might want to have this kind of heterogeneous cluster where you really have different kind of nodes and it would be very nice to be able to schedule this kind of configuration on any node so scan file system on any node so that it won't disturb the higher priority jobs on those nodes and now this node specific configuration that depends on the hardware characteristics enable you to do that so keep it simple in the workload then a couple of words about the QOS in future this is what we have been getting so far up and running and what we are doing is using the annotations as you saw and this is good and only good for working getting this working now but obviously this is not a long term solution so there needs to be some cleaner way to do the class based QOS in the future on the other hand in Kubernetes there are resources the numbers for CPU and memory they currently imply the whole QOS class for the container and for the pod and that QOS class implies things like how to configure out of memory killer whether or not this pod should have exclusive CPUs and if you think about the future where the hardware is going there is going to be different memory types you might have high band with memory you might have low latency memory and there might be different CPU core speeds that you would like to somehow state for your workloads that this workload would prefer like a slow low power CPU or another workload would really need like high performance cores these kind of things I do not believe that we can anymore or any longer encode to these numbers of CPU and memory what is requested and limited so one way just to food for thought QOS future I'd like to like sketch somehow that how this could be made more explicit so of course we could have these numbers for limits and requests as we have done for now and have the default behavior unchanged so that everything would be backwards compatible but in order to make this more future proof one option could be so introduce this kind of QOS section or container resources where we could be giving them this kind of RDD and block IO classes how we want this workload to be run and why not at the same time enable overriding this kind of implicit assumptions that we have had for out of memory killer or CPU exclusiveness or maybe at some point for memory speed and latency this kind of things could be then stated explicitly and even if you have this kind of QOS section also in the port level and not only on container level then we could also affect the assumptions that we have on port level QOS like eviction so when noticing that no resources are running low it starts to evict ports that are not high priority so why not make that also explicit so that users can configure it as they want and not only imply through the numbers of CPU and memory but anyway that was just a thought for the future and let's get back and wrap up what we have actually been doing so we have been tuning workloads we have seen that okay there is already good way to say that this workload needs explicit CPU cores but now with these new extensions we can also give workloads exclusive CPU cache and we can throttle memory bandwidth if we do not want other workloads to take those and from high priority workloads and similarly we can configure block IO priority for high priority jobs and again we can throttle block IO bandwidth of low priority jobs and as a result we can see our most important workloads relax a bit and don't be disturbed by other workloads so thank you very much here are the links to trial project and rdt and block IO and now I think it's time for questions


All right Hey, just a couple couple quick things here You all were in the putting Against field or you know, but how'd you all look at Jake Kamara kid from Georgia? I had a really strong leg coming out of you know, really good university football program come out Georgia strong leg athletic body type That's a good job flipping a field at Georgia has a punter and kickoff specialist Does a good job getting hang time on punts and he's able to flip the field whether he did in college and now doing for Tampa Bay So we look forward to the challenge this weekend versus Jake in the book over sharp a white one of their Yeah, big powerful back north-south returner Does a good job getting vertical with the ball in his hands doesn't look really bounced it outside So we're excited going against a big returner like Rashidah White is gonna be a great challenge for us to make sure that we're tackling getting dyes to the ground So we're excited for that opportunity Zack I think that's great for enough time for the guys to get down We just wanted to get your assessment of that would use your stopwatch with your iPhone iPhone, okay, got you Well, again goes back to I like to catch mechanics right there goes back to you know The correlation with location distance and hang time, you know, that's what we're looking for You know location. Are we getting the ball where we want to when it comes to directional punts? The direction make sure if we say we're gonna pump the ball one direction that that ball goes that direction And then correlate that with our with the hang time as well And with our gunners with those guys getting downfield doing a great job of being disruptive on the returner Yes, that is a good pun for us With him hurt again Obviously, he's not back for at least a month like do you start having those conversations again of like how much he can really Do kick return wise long-term? Well Just because he's a starter on offense as doesn't necessarily say he's not gonna help us on special teams and yes Right now he's not with us But that conversation is not when he comes back. We will have that conversation But right now we're focused on the 53 men that are on this roster right now So whatever 53 guys are gonna help us right now in the 48 on game day. That's most most important Yeah, do we want CP back? Yes But once he gets back, we will have that conversation when it comes to him being a kickoff returner or whatnot But again, whether Avery starting on offense, Algiers starting on offense, whoever's starting on offense They can still start on special teams and they can and they will start on special teams Because we're looking at putting the best players out there to help our team win on Sunday I guess I'm just asking that because he's lobbied so hard for very specific reasons to to have that job as long as he Yeah, of course he wants to help flip the field. That's the first play on offense So all those guys along with CP There's a lot of guys that are not on starting on kickoff return that want to be out there on kickoff return No different than punt punt return or kickoff But this is a good issue to have where we have guys that are on the roster that are not starting in those phases That want to be on those phases whether they're a starter on offense or defense So that's it's just not CP. That's lobbying It's a lot of guys in our room that are lobbying the start on various special teams units And as you get guys back whether it's Isaiah now that that window is open or some other guys down the road How does that shuffle maybe some of what you have already established in terms of guys in certain spots? Well, it goes back to what coach Smith talks about in Terrier Our roster is always changing always involving and we're always looking to get our roster better So what having Isaiah back on the price field, which is great to have him back He's a veteran player going into his fifth year. He's played on special teams for us last year It's a good problem to have Because we get the mix mix and match pieces in different spots when it comes to special teams And that's why we carry a small menu so our guys have a big understanding on various roles that they play on special teams So it helps us be more diverse with having various guys that could play on various spots and have that different experiences playing on different special teams units When it came to moving a brief from defensive back to running back How much comfort did y'all get from the fact that he does have the returning skills and just it's used to having the ball Yeah, yeah, he carries those traits as a returner ball security knowing how to run with the ball in space having an understanding of how blocks are set up Vision break tackle ability. So you saw those traits him coming out of Boise State and Big credit to him as a player and as an individual and as a man being able to adapt learn our Offensive schemes and being able to contribute on offense which as a returner. That's your first play on offense as well So it's a big credit to him and he continues to get better day in and day out Do you see good decision-making which is leading to productive returns? How do you It's a it's a combination of a lot of things it starts with the line of scrimmage our guys Whether they're blocking at the line of scrimmage We always talk about winning early in the down if you're correlated or tied to the line of scrimmage You have to win early pad level stands your get-off blocking So our guys blocking on the line of scrimmage it starts with there or rushing the punt the effect the punter the force him not to hit his Best hangtime punt or directional punt and then our jammers where you talk about D Alfred Mike Ford They're doing a great job out there D haul Richie Grant getting those blocks out there because those are the fastest guys that get downfield because we got to understand on the punt Formation in an NFL only the in man on the formation they could get downfield first before the balls punt it So eliminating those guys those guys are athletic and then it goes down to Avery Avery catching the ball clean catch Mechanics and getting vertical to football, you know those numbers only number I care about is can we gain a first down for our offense because if we could gain a first down for our Offense and return unit then that's one less offense are one less first down our offense has to get and we're that much closer to the end zone So it starts with the line of scrimmage guys blocking downfield and transition return or making great decisions and getting vertical Football so we can gain a first down or more first downs when it comes to that In terms of his decision making about when to make the return Just more so like where we add on the field field of play is there a guy in your face You know because a lot of times if you don't call for a fair catch and you're this close to me And I'm trying to catch it could be a bang bang play now the ball is in jeopardy The ball could be on the ground It could be a fumble and we like I said last week the number one thing on in the return games Make sure that our offense has the ball in their hand scot when it comes to that So we want to make sure our offense has the ball to very next play So it's a various things that happen whether it's the field position They're hitting the ball inside the 10-yard line is a gunner right in front of your face when the fair catch When not the fair catch and pump returns a really hard position to play because you can have a guy that has great running Ability does a good job running the space, but they don't have great decision-making or ball security And all that goes out the window That answers your question But how many guys do you have that can make calls like in terms of punt like like kind of what Eric Yeah, like how many how many guys We have quite a quite a few We have quite a few guys Everybody's correlated with our pump pro they and they have to be able to call our protections That's how we get we're set up in our room We don't want to just be fixated on just one guy doing it and because of the injuries happen things happen The guy has something happens where the next guy has to go in and be able to play that position So whether you're playing the PP whether you're playing the guard tackle slot Everybody in that room should be able if we pull up a protection or pull up a rush They should be able to call that protection out and they can in our room So it goes back to just having a big understanding of what we do conceptually as a punt unit There's the punter between that or is he's so far back that that's he could call He knows the pump pro before sometimes the PP will even call it and that's great for him Because the more that you know what's going around going on around you the better you could execute at your job Rather than just knowing your job. It's not good enough to know your job The great ones at this level that play at this the highest level possible Not only do they know what their responsibilities, but they know what's going on around them Which allows them to be more aggressive and execute and play more freely with their position I guess what I was getting at was like from just a spacing situation like the punter so far back Realistically the gunners are so far out like I'm guessing that's not ideal of there having it It's it's got to be somebody in that. Yeah, it's somebody in there And again, we all want to be on the same page We want to make sure where the protection is going Where's the issues at when it comes to protection because everybody Runs a lot of great schemes when it comes to pump pro and that ball's getting off in less than two seconds So our punter having an understanding of where the issues are at what's the protection call this for that week Who's the who's on their personnel who could bring issues to our to our punt units? Everybody needs to know that and then gunners need to know that too. Hey, they know that there's a lot of guys in a box They got to know hey, I'm single-press. So the ball's probably I'm gonna be have an opportunity to go make a play Whether they didn't be in double-press. It's probably gonna be a return So having those guys having an understanding now as a gunner You're not gonna be able to see that from that viewpoint as a punter You're only 14 15 hours away. You could see the protection You could see what kind of rush is gonna happen and you got probably have a good feeling of what our PPs gonna call when it comes to protection We don't need them to do that he just focused on catching the ball pun in it How do you teach somebody to hold at the pro level well I was actually looking for you pre-practice to come out there and hold but you kind of ignored me Yeah, I was looking for you. You don't want to come out there. Cool. Made you nervous, huh? Hands got all clammy and stuff Well, you just work on ball skills catch mechanics and then understanding how the our kicker or kickers at this level How they want the ball held whether they want a certain tilt with the football They want the laces pointing a certain way making sure that you're putting the catch in the ball and putting it down Necessary spot because that's the spot where the kicker expects the ball to be but with Desmond There's every week we work on the various things whether it's a backup long snapper a backup holder Because things happen within the game and we want our players to be prepared without the opportunity and unprepared with the Opportunity so it's all about us as coaches putting our players in the position where they have the tools to be successful Just in case something happens as part of crisis management Well, just what is I wanted to ask you how to measure the evolution and growth of a defensive unit as you've seen your unit In the last two games with big plays. Well, I just think they're Playing better because they're more comfortable with the calls Understanding the calls just don't you know the longer you play the same stuff even though we do a lot of stuff That's the more you play it More comfortable, you know, you become and I think that's part of it is that the problems that we have had in the games Have still been communication errors When we've given up a play other than like if a guy just makes a good catch Guy makes a good catch, you know or eats the coverage because they was the right Play against the right coverage or something that you know, that's that's football But usually that's not a big play the plays like a couple of the runs that we had towards the end of the game, you know, they have 46 yards on two runs and We were just it was miscommunication and we One we set the front wrong and another one. We just miscommunicated something else so as long as we're communicating and stuff we we got a chance and That's basically been kind of that way all year and it's still that way. We just got to keep working on Communicating and making sure everybody's on the same page And if they beat you because they block you if they beat you because the guy makes a great catch That's pro football But they don't want to beat yourselves and that's kind of Luckily in the last couple games in the two-minute drives at the end of the game. We haven't beaten ourselves You go back to New Orleans the first part of the season we beat ourselves in the two-minute drive We've miscommunicated. I told you a pressure that we ran in the third quarter that got us back We totally wouldn't know it was the same pressure in a two-minute drive. Why I don't know But that's the stuff. You can't you can't just can't do that. You can't give teams You just can't give them plays and that's that's long as we're not doing that We got a chance Or that's covered the Packers Reggie would always make the second on third downs when they needed it And in the last couple games you got sacks from Grady What do y'all need it is? You know, what does that say? I know it's not playing. That's just a player I think maybe rising it is just it's making a good play and and he's just he's making a play I'm not gonna take credit for scheming something up that a god got him. Hey He just made a play and he did a great job made a play But along with that some other guys did the right things too It isn't just whenever somebody makes a play like it's an interception whatever it is usually there's more people involved and in that particular case the secondary did a great job at disguising a coverage and It didn't look anything like what it actually played Which made Jacobi hold it just a second longer or at least look He couldn't just plant the back foot and throw it and by that time Grady had the guy be and so there's always You know, yeah, it was Grady making a great play But it was also the secondary doing a really good job of disguising a coverage to it So Jacobi couldn't get rid of it quick. How does Tampa's offense look different right now? Maybe versus what you guys saw last year. I think the reason that everybody thinks they look different because they've had a bunch of players out Take Mike Evans out of a game and he's gonna look different and take, you know, break 84 got hurt in the game. So it looked different. God one was out. I mean, oh Start taking all those guys out of the equation. Any offense is gonna look different. So that those guys are back. So You know, we got a deal with Wait, when you look at some of the I know you're talking about Grady a lot When you look some of the pressure you guys have been able to generate Why do you think that's happening more it seems late in games now? Is there just game situation where maybe they're having to pass more or I don't know That would be up to the the offense it coaches from the other team to explain that one I don't know. I just call in the game and and what I feel like is the right call at that particular time hoping it's right and Sometimes they're executing bottom line is we're just executing better at those times not not any magical thing that we're doing it's just there were When we execute things happen good We still got improved we had The biggest problem in the last game to me was out of the I Don't know what was our 14 third downs or something like that. They were I don't know what they were Maybe it's 512. I don't remember exactly. I know they were 36% but out of the Five third downs that we gave up that we lost on defense three of them were third and ones Biggest problem is second out, you know We had them a couple times second down to ten or something like that We throw a check down which if we make the tackle, it's third and five or third and six We and we missed a couple tackles and now it's third one That's that's that's tough duty on defense on third one there's a lot of things they can do and It's all you just look around the league the percentages are not gonna be great for defenses on third one usually Nothing it won't affect anything it just be a matter of when we get him back when he's ready to be back It won't affect anything it won't change how we call the game want to check it won't affect how we pressure or how we cover It'll be just getting a good player back Pretty Yeah, it's been good. It's been by committee a little bit kind of like it was last year But Eric was just that really that kind of that one game the LA game because we had we were doing a lot of different stuff And I thought it was hard on the younger guys who hadn't played the position very much and easier on Eric to do it That's part of the reason why we did it because he's so smart and we're trying to do some things against Stafford and Just thought it'd be better for him to do it than the other two guys But Mike's been doing a good job D's been doing, you know a good job And so, you know, there'll be competition there with Isaiah coming back. So we'll just figure out what's the best people? Best thing to do with the guys that are involved. We'll try to try to make the game plan such that We'll ask them to do things that they can do well Last year you said that Isaiah was a guy that could do all of it And that was what really you liked about him sure skill set is it still the same? I mean the person I guess the person that you have defensively do is it still he may be still best suited for that? Or is it more I do have more guys that can do well not know that Mike until I watch in practice and Full speed so I can't can't really answer that, you know Some guys are better covered guys. Some guys are better blitzers. Some guys are better in zone What I do like is like when I had Logan Ryan at Tennessee when I had webby it those guys could do it all it was great Did I think Isaiah could do that a year ago before he got hurt? Yes Do I think he can do it now? I don't know and I won't be able to give you an answer on that until My same play or actually practice a lot and go full speed full tilt all the time Just to go out there and jog through is not going to tell me whether or not he's ready We got we got to watch him full speed and practice to see if he's capable of doing it And but I feel like if he can't we still got two guys that are playing very well With what Mike and D and obviously I only in one game, but really Mike and D Plied having more than one guy that is that somewhat tipped defensively what you're trying to do because Those skill sets are different. I that's something I literally just don't know is that tip thing some way I don't know again. You'd have to ask an offensive coach But that'd be just like saying this guy out of corner is or when they study us They're gonna say is that guy a good man coverage guy or good zone coverage guy Can he do both they study every one of the guys? So I don't think it's a tip-off as much on defense You're gonna always try to do things to not tip them off I mean, it's not like okay every time D Alfred's in the game We're gonna play man coverage every time that Mike Ford's in the game. We're gonna play zone coverage. It's not that at all. I mean, I'm not Smartest guy in the world, but I can kind of figure out from the other side of the ball that I could probably figure that out pretty quick So it's just the same way. Okay, you gonna put in this tight end Well, it's gonna be a run because all that guy can do is block or they're gonna put in this tight end Because all he can do is go out for routes No, they're gonna put tight ends in and make sure that you know that the guy can catch the ball and he can Also block. So that's it's No, I don't think it has anything has anything to do with it Just playing faster, I think and again understanding the defense More and whenever you understand it more you play faster and usually if you play faster You create more turnovers you have bigger hits all that kind of stuff Because guys are playing fast. You usually don't get very many turnovers when Especially fumble coverage recoveries and stuff like that because you're not getting very big big hits of guys aren't playing fast You know you get those Doing a little better on the interception thing You know but again It just kind of really depends on the coverage if you play man coverage and I got to get a lot of interceptions You're really advocating sacks because if it's kind of hard to intercept the ball if you're looking at the man And when he plays on you're looking at the ball So you're advocating probably less sacks but more, you know Interceptions or turnovers so it just goes back and forth and I hope we're at a point where you really can't say where his own team Or a man team or what kind of zone we're in so that's our goal They've played better again, I think the more you do the stuff and more comfortable they are I think we've Changed some things a little bit to try to help our guys a little bit The thing of it is is that you know The red zones of misleading Deal you really have to study it sometimes something to when you look statistically at the percentages of red zone stuff All right, if you if you look back even at the first two games and where we were everybody would say well you're you're not Playing very well in the red zone and I'm playing well enough, which is true But how many times were we in a blitz and it's just one-on-one wide receiver against the DB So it doesn't really have anything to do with the coverage or the scheme of things There's just at some point in time you're gonna blitz you're gonna say I'm not gonna let you run the ball in Okay, so when you say that That's gonna put two corners on an island I don't care what team you look at that's what it is And if they do it farewell everybody says you play good red zone If they don't farewell you're playing poor red zone doesn't have anything to really do with the whole red zone scheme it has to deal with one-on-one battles and Early on we didn't win those Lately we have so it's made a difference and just winning those one-on-one battles We can go out here and practice a bunch of red zone coverage and bunch of different things you do in the red zone But those weren't the things that hurt us in those first couple games. It just came down to one-on-one Okay, you're backs against the wall I ain't go sit there and play cover two or what you guys call soft coverage by the media. So Suggest that defensive coordinators love a run game let it when their offense is running the ball What was your reaction to your guys 14 strike runs? I So they're actually turn of the demons that we're playing good defense right now We're sitting on the bench It was just like pound pound pound and I go hey, we're playing great right now Yeah, it is. Oh, oh, absolutely Clock's running and there and it's and it's and it's disheartening If you're on the other side of the ball and they're running it and you know they're running it and you still can't stop them that's that's hard you look out there and and I remember looking even at the end of the Seattle game like when After we got the interception we we needed to kind of get a first down right to kind of seal the game So we don't go back in there in another two minutes And when you look out there and you ran the ball and you look at Seattle and there's three guys laying on the ground on their Defense, that's a good feeling for our defense. So that's that's not where we want to be Cordero Again, I think it goes back to what we've been preaching since we've gotten here last year if you have a helmet on game day we hold a certain standard and those players have a certain standard and Regardless of you got a bunch of reps in practice or you're working scout team, but you're up on game day There's a certain expectation. So for us offensively, it's to continue to execute pay attention to details and play fast Offense line is getting a lot of credit for that drive That happened last week, but when you go back the right receivers are blocking Kyle Pitts even talked to him after the game He was like my job right to block in this game. How important is that kind of mentality? I think it's those guys, you know You love to hear that because it is it does take all 11 and those guys are bought in and it takes all 11 The pass game too. I mean I know the 14 runs in a row I know the run game the reality is it takes both Regardless of your runner pass to execute a high level What I will give the offense credit for is The mentality and the mindset in which they take each snap and that coaches can preach it But the players have taken ownership on it It's starting to become their own and then when you have a player-led Offense that has certain pride level to it. You can go out and you can be successful regardless of what's called The quarterback sneak a lost art in the league these days Y'all have one earlier, but I mean you see people under one and two getting fancy sure and You know when the quarterback sneak You know seems to be the logical. Yeah, no, I think it's one of those things where I have been around certain quarterbacks That have a knack for it. I mean, I think we're playing one this week That has a phenomenal feel it doesn't always hit it right in the a gap He bounces it and you know, he's probably had as much yards and quarterback sneak is any quarterback in the history of the NFL But also now teams defenses are playing for it differently than what even I start as a player in this league And so there's a certain level of success and execution has to go on for that to be successful But again, I do think it's where you feel your best chance to get that first down or get that score If it's not in the a gaps because they're taking it away, then you have to have another answer for him We've all seen the clip now this point where Arthur says we're gonna run the P out of this ball and Says something similar to the players. How does a coach saying that and having that mindset? Effect the players in that moment. Yeah, again, I think it's more about a direct Idea of what we're gonna do next, right? So what you say is what you mean? obviously after that comment and everything else that fell forward after that there was a Want and a need right to get us back on track to be efficient to be efficient on first and second down and Obviously it led to us, you know going into the run game But again, if you're a player and you hear a coach say that and then obviously then follow through with it, right? there's obviously a trust and confidence level that goes with say what you mean And so obviously we have open communication with our players That's been the good thing about me being down is just my ability now to go to different groups communicate with them Hear the different issues and get everybody on the same page So it's a different feel in general, but again, obviously if it's coming from the play-caller the head coach is saying it And doing it it gives players confidence on that Feel what are you getting from the offensive line and the offensive line group during that stretch? Yeah, I just think it's in general. I think guys, you know, we obviously hit a stretch We had like 19 plays in the first half and the second half we hit a stretch in which we weren't stay on the field And obviously you need to convert on third downs and you just stay in the field You gotta stay out of third and longs And we weren't doing that and we were kind of self-infliction was happening and so for us, right? It was more about just resetting our Getting our thoughts together making sure we're all on the same page and then obviously going on executing And so you could feel it we were stolen out a little bit and just guys had a regroup coaches included and that's how they did that Sure D-Led, you know, we're running the ball there Look Look, I mean, it's one of those I've been involved where we've dropped back and thrown it 15 or 18 times in a row Right, so I think more than anything else is about what it takes In that moment or that series or that quarter to go out and be efficient and if it calls for that absolutely Were we taking anybody by surprise at some point? I don't know that you have to ask Cleveland But for us we felt that was the best way for us to be efficient It doesn't mean like next week or the following week That's going to be the same case and I always go back to offensive football Each game is a different entity in terms of how a defense presents problems so you have to be able to solve them and That's our job during the game as coaches is to solve the problems because they're gonna be something you haven't seen They're gonna have a certain wrinkle that you have to be able to adapt to and it's our job as coaches to make sure We are able to communicate that to the players and more importantly like get us into the best situation at that time Right, it was just basically, you know finding different ways Not the same not the same way, but different ways to attacking that defense and it's different run schemes if you don't have Kyle On Sunday with the amount of attention that he gets from opposing defenses does that alter Anything with what you guys do because of that type of attention that he gets Smart guy trying to scheme question on the side. Yeah, I won't go in a scheme. Look like I've told you we have It is keen We I love you and D-Led right now. You guys are working the angle last week. It was you this week No, look, it's a great question The reality is for us and I'm being as honest and transparent as possible Like we have complete and utter faith whoever gets a helmet on Sunday And we have a certain way that we like to play football and we're obviously it's our job as coaches to put them In the best position to do it and D-Led just shook his head on that answer. All right next question You can say that but yeah, I would imagine I mean it though I know you mean it but the skill sets of Kyle pits and Or versus a but I would say they're not coaching are very different. I agree I would say this with coaching. It's there's you get to this level Right to get to the highest level in regardless of sport. Let's talk about this one There's something that you've done or that you possess as a trait That is elite. Otherwise, you wouldn't be in the national football league So it's our job as coaches to make sure that we highlight that elite trait and whatever they do Well and make sure we keep those players in that position and play away every player in this league Maybe not Brady, but every other player in this league has a deficiency, right? It's just finding out right what staying away from their deficiencies and then obviously going out and playing to their strengths And that's our goal as coaches 17 yards per catch He's pretty open is he doing something specifically whether it's scheme knowledge of the defense or something that has made him Target and somebody who's that's a good question. I mean he's look he's a pro and what he's able to do is able to he's got a very He's a high level of football intelligence and football sense And so he understands space and timing and so we have a number of those players that understand that we value that And he's able it's a showcase and he's been in positions to make those plays And where I give him and the rest the offense credit for when those plays that avail themselves like guys are making them And that's obviously the biggest goal in national football league There's always gonna be an opportunity for a player Some get a lot more than others the reality is when that opportunity arises, right? Can you cash in on it? And that's really that's what separates longevity as a career in this league and guys that don't last Can you can you rise it to the moment and right now? There's a number of guys in offense who are doing that Going back to the trait thing for a second asking. I mean I can ask some questions all day But I think we're just gonna go back and forth and go in a little circle. It'll not be fun for anyone When it comes to traits, what is it that Caleb Hanley? Has trait-wise to use your word that made him attractive to you all Putting this position. I think it's it's like a number of our players It's the mindset in which they go about their business and the style in which they play Again some things are measured by a stop watch Vertical other things when you put the film on it's the way that guys approach and play the game and again Some of those aren't gonna be statistical things and so when you look at certain types of players The reality is you want guys who love football more importantly play with a certain type of edge and physicality Regardless of position people just look at the skill position guys the ball in their hand. It's really everybody And guys, you know leave out the quarterbacks on time and I would argue I know I'm biased But one of the more physical positions to play Right and toughness and you have to be able to forget things that just happen good or bad And you have to be able to stare in that pocket and not blink and it goes all through the line and it's not just That position, but it's the other positions that we're talking about so to me It's the way the style played the physicality in what you play it and the passion in what you play the game Yeah, I wouldn't look at it that way I understand the question and I saw the eyes go up there delete It's not a scheme question To me at the end of the day, it's about making sure that you go back to your fundamentals Right and the funnel mouths are simple as as you were taught when you're probably a young kid first starting out If it's a receiver you look the ball in right if you're a back and you're going through the hole and there's potential contact Right, you're gonna protect that football at all costs and you're gonna somehow find a way to get two hands on it And it's other positions down the line So again, I'll always say this when it comes to any kind of physical error It always goes back to staying on your fundamental regardless of position


Hi, folks. Welcome to this discussion of self-integration with Red Hat OpenStack platform, specifically the Upstream Triple-O project. The original author, President Manoj Qatari, couldn't make it. So I'm one of two people filling in. I'm Alan Bishop. I'm a developer at Red Hat. I'm Gautam Pacharavi. I'm also a developer at Red Hat. Work with Alan and with Manoj. So we had to kind of scramble these slides together. The agenda, it's going to be fairly quick. We don't have a lot of time here. We're going to cover the material at a high level. Any questions? Please feel free to, you know, see us on the hallway afterwards. But we're going to cover basically CEPH and how it's integrated into OpenStack at a very high level. We're going to discuss the transition that the Triple-O project took to migrate from using CEPH Ansible in earlier Triple-O releases, compatible with earlier CEPH releases, and how we migrated everything to using the new CEPH ADM tooling and also how we can upgrade clusters used consumed by OpenStack from CEPH Nautilus to Quincy. We'll briefly cover some Triple-O concepts of externally deployed CEPH and what we now call deployed CEPH in the most recent Triple-O release here. And then lastly, how the upgrade process works to upgrade your CEPH cluster from Nautilus to Quincy. What's Triple-O release? I'm sorry? What's a Triple-O release? Okay. Excellent question. For those that aren't familiar with it, Triple-O is the deployment tooling used by Red Hat for deploying OpenStack. Interesting story. We're kind of in a state of flux here. The Red Hat as a company is migrating away from the use of Triple-O to a next generation tooling. So specifically what we're going to cover here is how the Triple-O project upstream, which is sort of equivalent to Red Hat OpenStack downstream, works as of the Wallaby release. So after the Wallaby release, Red Hat is going to be migrating to a different tooling, but the general term for our tooling upstream is the Triple-O project. Triple-O stands for OpenStack on OpenStack. I could go deeper, but that would consume far too much time, but happy to talk at length afterwards. A quick overview of integration of CEPH with OpenStack and kind of why. OpenStack basically provides support for the three major storage services if it will block, file, and object. Block storage is the upstream Cinder project, file is the Manila project, and object storage is often associated with Swift. But not coincidentally, CEPH also provides support for block, file, and object. When it comes to object, CEPH supports the Rados gateway, which can be used to basically emulate Swift's API so that you can use CEPH with its Rados gateway in lieu of using Swift for your OpenStack object storage. I kind of got ahead of myself here. One of the major benefits, of course, is all of this is OpenStack, but open source rather. All of OpenStack is open source. All of CEPH is open source. It's all open source. The old Wikipedia citation needed. I can't explain this one, but apparently RBD, as Cinder's back end, is consistently ranked as the most used back end for Cinder, the block storage. And CEPH FS is likewise ranked highly for the back end for the Manila file service. So there's a huge synergy between all of these. There's a couple more points at the bottom that I can't speak to, Gautham. I don't know. Yeah, one of the biggest things is because we, from the get go, supported the OpenStack multi-tenancy model with CEPH. And so it got easier to integrate that piece with Keystone multi-tenancy. So especially if RGW, for instance, is a stand-in for Swift. Swift does multi-tenancy with Keystone very well. And RGW has implementation of it. So it looks and feels a lot like the Swift interface and does the multi-tenancy aspects of it. Awesome. And we have flexible deployment topologies with Red Hat OpenStack. And one of them is, of course, using Red Hat OpenStack platform to deploy CEPH for you to use alongside the OpenStack cloud that you're actually deploying. And that's the aspect that you could do this hyper-converged on the same infrastructure for much smaller form factors, maybe on edge sites and so on. And there's also the other use case where you're deploying CEPH elsewhere or consuming CEPH but deploying an OpenStack over cloud that can connect to it and serve Cinder, Manila, and RGW for you. This basically covers the major steps that Triple O implements in order to basically do its thing with CEPH. I'll phrase it that way. In earlier releases, the deployment of CEPH along with OpenStack was sort of woven together. And in the new model right here, there are very discrete steps that can kind of isolate a chunk of the functionality to prepare for the next step. So the way things are deployed now is, first, there's a hardware provisioning step. So nothing happens until after the hardware is provisioned. Then there's a step for configuring the network that, again, is a completely isolated step. And then, Seth, the key point here for folks that are familiar with how Triple O worked in the past was that, you know, now CEPH is deployed before any of the OpenStack services are deployed. And it's basically a way to start to decouple things a little bit to be able to cleanly focus on the CEPH deployment before we go on to deploy the OpenStack phase, which can rely on the fact that CEPH has already been deployed and verified and up and running. Triple O is able to deploy all of this for you at once, although it breaks it down into those steps. But it's also capable of integrating with an existing CEPH cluster. In fact, it will integrate with multiple CEPH clusters if you have them. So you can basically configure Triple O to do the OpenStack deployment until I've got that CEPH cluster over there. Here's its FSID and CEPH keys, et cetera. And I have another CEPH cluster over here. And basically, that will configure from OpenStack's perspective all of the clients on OpenStack so that they can access these external clusters. So the key thing is that Triple O can actually do your CEPH deployment for you but can also consume or grant access to an existing CEPH cluster. Read the slides to see if I'll cover everything. Which one of us was going to cover this? Yeah, I guess so. Sorry, was that a question? No, okay. So in the past, when we were working with releases like Luminous and so on, like everything older that we needed to use CEPH Ansible for, for instance, so Triple O was using CEPH Ansible. So it had some Ansible playbooks that would then invoke CEPH Ansible. So it would provide the UX to OpenStack deployers that they were familiar with. So as far as deploying CEPH alongside OpenStack is the same thing as deploying OpenStack. Just a few more configuration options to look a lot similar. And we were trying to preserve that UX as the installer behind this was changing. So the community, the CEPH community was, I mean, came up with CEPH Adam and was hardening it. And as we were, you know, also feeding back, we kind of wanted to preserve the UX for the deployment piece. And once the deployment is done, step away because Triple O is no longer the best tool for you to manage your CEPH cluster once it's deployed. There's already native CEPH tools now that are mature enough that you can do your own upgrades and independent of managing your OpenStack deployment. So we no longer need to have this one giant UX. So we'll still give you the UX to deploy. And then you can use the CEPH native tools to manage the data operations and so on. But all of this doesn't line up as far as which CEPH version and which OpenStack version does all this work with. And that's going to be the part, yay. And that's going to be the part, but if you are using the deployed CEPH approach for Triple O, there's an opinionated approach from Red Hat and the upstream OpenStack community, which is that if you're trying to deploy it for the first time with Wallaby, what we'd start with is CEPH Quincy release. And if you're trying to upgrade from an older version of OpenStack, we'd expect you to at least have CEPH Pacific if this is an external CEPH cluster.  That's how we are lining up the versions. And in terms of product, you'll find these in the slides. There's the Red Hat version numbers and then the upstream CEPH version numbers and so on and so forth. Trust me, we try to keep that away from the deployers and this thing as much as possible by making some automated and intelligent choices. And how we do that in the background is what this slide was probably talking about is how we bootstrap ourselves. So we're using a very vanilla way of doing CEPH Adam. We do the same thing as upstream has designed it for. There's nothing, no special sauce with Triple O as far as it's just easy for OpenStack deployers to do it this way. That's it. And one important caveat I think is the one service that we're still going to run with the help of Triple O is CEPH NFS. And if you come back maybe in a couple of hours we're going to talk to you about how we're also going to try to do that with CEPH Adam next. And yes, I think we can run through this. So very little answerable that's wrapping up CEPH Adam is what we're trying to do with Triple O. And certainly we'll give you a reference to these slides if you want to get into the details of how this is done as far as the UX goes. If I may just very briefly back up. So for those that aren't familiar with Triple O that much, Triple O uses heat templates as the UX, but when you actually execute commands it will generate and then execute Ansible under the covers. And then what those Ansible playbooks will do will either drive CEPH Ansible playbooks for upgrading earlier releases or will directly control CEPH ADM commands. So there's Triple O heat templates at the top, but we use an awful lot of Ansible then drive the actual commands at the bottom which in this instance we're referring to CEPH Ansible and CEPH ADM. So that's that extra layer of Ansible that's kind of in the middle. And here we sort of see it where in order to do the upgrades say you're starting with an older release back perhaps on train where CEPH Ansible was used to configure your CEPH cluster and you're running on an older Nautilus release of CEPH. There's a process by which we will use CEPH Ansible to upgrade your CEPH cluster to Pacific. And then it supports this notion of CEPH ADM adopt and that's where we will step out of the CEPH Ansible world and into the modern CEPH ADM world and from there Triple O will manage everything to get up to Quincy and do all the management using CEPH ADM. So that's the upgrade process from older Triple O and older CEPH and how we sequence the steps to migrate both of those subsystems up to what we consider the modern approach. I think we're done. Yes. So any questions? We have it off the stage so if you need to speak on. Thank you.