go ahead and do my full review on the Gourmia here, the GMC680. If you did watch the box opening of this, you will know that it's a standalone unit. It's a multi cooker that has a sous vide option. That's why Gourmia sent it to me. They wanted me to kind of check it out. Since I had two other Gourmia units and I did a review on one of them so far, they went ahead and sent me this to try out and do a review. And I gotta say, I'm not normally a multi cooker liker because like most things that have multiple uses, they don't really do one thing really well. They just kind of get by on the stuff that they do. This is kind of similar. I do like it for a second unit for sous vide, as far as cooking side items, stuff like that. I did use it to make top round in once and it worked pretty well. One of the things that the negatives on it is that it is kind of limited in the size and just want to take this out, kind of show you. This pan here is all you have as far as size wise because this heats from the bottom. It's got a plate at the bottom of this in here. So this does have to sit in here. It doesn't circulate so the heat comes off from the bottom. So you just have very limited what you can put in here. It works great if you are single or just a couple and you're only cooking a couple steaks or smaller roast. I used it pretty well for some side items like I did mashed potatoes in here, I did corn. I used it to cook rice and then to cook a couple other things in the multi cooker functions and it worked pretty well for that. I can't say that it didn't work good. It worked pretty good. When I did use it to cook the top round steaks, I did notice that the temperature was off by about a degree or so, maybe a little degree and a half. I think a lot of that has to do with not having circulation. So the water that's closer to the meat is a little cooler because the water is not circulating and moving around and the heat's all coming up from the bottom. But one thing I did like with this rack that's in here, when you sit this your meat in there you have to sit it on this rack as it keeps it off the bottom since the heat pretty much all comes from the bottom. You don't want your meat sitting on the bottom of this pan absorbing all the heat directly. So you do need to put this rack in there. One thing I like about this rack at least it does flip over both ways. The handles on this side actually keep it up if you want to steam something. So this can actually steam vegetables, any kind of fish, stuff like that. If you turn this rack up like this it gets off the off the water a lot more so you can have that steaming up. So like I said I cooked rice in this. It cooks really well. It's got a single function for rice. You can't adjust the temperature or anything. You just hit rice and it actually just takes the water up to boiling and cooks it till it's done and then you shut it off and take the rice out. So that worked real well. I did use it two or three times for the sous vide. It worked good on the top rounds that I did. I don't want to say it worked bad but I would not use this as my go-to everyday sous vide machine unless I was a somebody who lived in an apartment or had limited space and I didn't want to have multiple kitchen appliances around. I think that's what this is good for. It's good for like I said is a second unit. If you are you have another sous vide circulator or some other source and you just need something to do sides in or some other other meats occasionally. If you're going to use this would replace a crock pot real well or any other kind of multi cooker. It's not a pressure cooker so it's not wouldn't replace an instant pot but any kind of crock pot it would replace because it has you know 11 functions on here. It's got you know pretty much anything a crock pot can do plus. I mean this can actually you can roast a chicken in this. You can bake in it. You can saute. I guess you can make rice.  Steam. You can steam fish and then the sous vide function. So it does have a yogurt. You can make yogurt in this thing. I didn't do that. I'm not big into making yogurt so I might try that someday but it's a very good unit if you have limited space. You're in an apartment. Just you know one or two of you that you're cooking for. It's a second unit for sides and stuff like that. As long as you don't you know buy this thing and you're going to stick a full rack of ribs or brisket in it. It's it's very limited in the size so but for somebody who would rather have a multi cooker than a crock pot it works great. Can't beat it. Like I said highly suggested if you are looking for a second unit just because of the multi functions on it. But I'm impressed with it. I mean it's got you know a nice glass heavy duty lid.  This pan. Only thing I don't like about the pan is not insulated like a crock pot is. So if you are taking this let's say to a potluck dinner or friend's house or for a party or something you might lose heat a little bit faster but the inside of this seems pretty insulated. So it might hold the heat just from inside of this unit. But the pan itself is just very thin but it is you know it's a nonstick pan. I when I did the top round steaks I actually seared them in this pan because I didn't have time to fire up my grill and one of the functions of this is it says you could sear in this pan. So I did that and it worked pretty good. I mean I got up to like 425 as the max heat on this so it wasn't that 600 or 700 degree hot sear but it worked out pretty good. But it's it's light it's not very heavy even though like I said it's probably lighter than my crock pot because it's not made out of the ceramic that a crock pot is. It does have a lot more functions than a crock pot instead of just you know low high warm it's got you know 11 different functions on this. So it works pretty good for what it is. One of the things I did notice is that you have to pay attention when you're setting it up for sous vide make sure that because when the when the water comes up to temperature it only beeps it'll get only beep like three times it'll beep beep beep beep and then it won't beep again. It'll just sit there and flash until you press the start stop button again to get the timer going.  Unlike some of the sous vide circulators they'll continue to beep until you actually go push the button to start the timer. So this doesn't do that it only does the three beeps to tell you that it's up the temp and if you don't go and hit the button again the timer won't go so it'll just sit there. It'll be hot but it won't the timer won't start running down so that's the only drawback I can see. It's pretty easy to use. I mean it's pretty much you hit the menu button until it gets to the to the function that you want. You hit the timer and temp and you hit start stop and once the you know with sous vide once it hits the water temperature it'll beep the three times and you hit the start stop again and then it'll start the countdown. So I highly recommend it for I guess at a backup unit for people who want to replace their crock pot with something that does a little bit more. People that may live in an apartment you know or singles or couples that don't have a lot of room in their kitchen and want to kind of combine some of their appliances into one. I do like the racks. It does have the stakeholder racks so you can put your you know steaks in here when you're cooking sous vide. This rack here is a multi-rack. It works really well. So I would say for the money I think this sells for like 80-90 bucks. It's a pretty good unit. I mean it costs about what a sous vide circulator costs right now anyway. So and it does a lot more. So I like it. Go ahead and check it out. Check them out on Amazon. I have a link at the bottom with a link to this. But I highly recommend it if you put something that you're looking for. Like I said even if you just use it as a backup and replace your crock pot for it. I highly recommend it. Thanks guys. Thanks for joining me. Make sure you follow us on Facebook. Follow us on Instagram. Go ahead and subscribe to our channel so we can continue to make some videos for you guys doing the sous vide and the barbecue and doing some of these reviews. And go ahead and like this video and we'll see you again in the next one. Thank you.


Good morning and welcome to this session. So, let us look at this slide. Iterative solutions I have named it as section x x x because the change in the session number. We will be discussing two problems here. One is estimating the value of logarithm of x the natural logarithm and the second is calculation of Virahanka numbers. The second one will implicitly introduce the notion of recursion without talking about recursion per se. The first message I would like to give you is that whenever you use slides or any material it is very important to acknowledge if you have borrowed any material from any other source. For example, if you see this slide it very prominently says some ideas courtesy professor Soni and professor Ramadev. This is because both of these teachers had taught this course before me and I had borrowed some of the ideas from them and that is the reason why they are acknowledged here. Please remember in academics we do have a clause for fair use of any other material provided that material is properly acknowledged. Similarly, whenever we would be referring to any problem from a text book we will definitely refer to the author of the text book and the sample problem number etcetera that we are going to use. This is a minimum courtesy. It is not only a minimum courtesy but it is a legal requirement from the point of view of protecting the intellectual property created by others. This is independent of whether that intellectual property has been released in open source or it is proprietary. In fact, if the material is proprietary you are required to get written permission from the owner of the intellectual property permitting you to use the cited material in the manner in which you propose to use it. Without further ado then let us discuss the iterative solutions. I would like to mention here that it is presumed that before this point the basic iterative control structures have been discussed and described. That means the students who are listening to such a session are already familiar with the for and while loops and they have already done several exercises and solved problems involving the use of while loops and for loops. In the context of the discussion that happened after Professor Ranaley's lecture I would again mention that the repeat statement which Professor Ranaley had introduced as a part of simple CPP is generally not used in the subsequent lectures. So when we come to the portion of discussing the iterative solutions the basic iterative control structures of C C plus plus would be defined namely the for loop and the variations of the while. Assuming that this is already known to people these sessions are meant to explain how some real life problems can be solved using these control structures and how to convert some well known algorithms into computer programs to get the solution of the problem. So let us go to the next slide. In this particular problem we wish to determine the value of a definite integral. This is the definite integral that we that we wish to evaluate this integral from p to q from of a function f of x dx is actually equivalent to the area under the curve. If we plot the equation y equal to f x then the value of this integral is equal to the area under the curve. Let us let us just illustrate it pictorially a x and y axis. So let me just draw let us say this is the curve y equal to function of x. Suppose I want to evaluate the integral between the point p and a point q then what the previous statement says is that this area under the curve is actually equal to the value of the definite integral. This is a well known fact and most students who have studied calculus will know this. However it is important to sort of show this pictorially so that the concept becomes clear to the students that this is the kind of area that we are wishing to estimate. Look back to this diagram if there is a regular geometric figure like a square rectangle triangle or a circle whose area can be calculated very perfectly using a well known formula then the problem is simple. Unfortunately here we have to follow the curve that you see here and this curve cannot be defined by anything other than the equation of the function for this curve. Further there is no simple mechanism known to us computationally to compute area of any shape where certain boundary is defined by a mathematical function rather than a straight line or a circular arc etcetera. We will solve this problem by approximating this area by dividing the area into an equal number of well known geometric shapes. Consider this figure for example suppose I will to construct a rectangle like this another rectangle like this another rectangle like this another rectangle like this another then the sum of the areas of all these rectangles can be approximately equal to the area under the curve. So this is the crux of approximating a definite integral or find determining the value of a definite integral namely estimating area under the curve by dividing the entire range into a series of rectangles. Since rectangle is a regular geometric figure its area is well known well defined and therefore can be calculated. Notice that in case of any rectangle the width of the rectangle will depend upon what we have chosen the height on the other hand will be dependent upon the value of the function at a particular point. We can use this fact determine the height know the width multiply the two to get the area of one rectangle and then repeat the process to sum up the areas of all rectangles which come within the two limits p and q. This is the essence of calculating the definite integral. I believe that it is essential to show this kind of an example to our students before we demonstrate the solution to the problem of determining the value of logarithm of x. So here is the real problem go to the next slide we wish to compute the natural logarithm this natural logarithm of a number is defined as a definite integral from one to a one by x d x. Of course we note that the natural logarithm is defined only for values greater than 0 the logarithm curve that will see the not logarithm the curve of one by x that we will see in the next slide will demonstrate that to us. We repeat at this stage to our students that a computer cannot integrate and therefore we must use some kind of arithmetic operations to calculate and estimate the value of the integral. We again reiterate that we will estimate the area under the curve f of x is equal to one by x from one to a and as we saw in our previous explanation we will approximate the area by many small rectangles. Each rectangle has the same width let us call that fixed width as w. The sum of the areas of all these rectangles is therefore the value or approximate value of the integral. With this explanation now we should not rush to write our program by just stopping here but we should painfully explain painstakingly explain the subsequent development of the area computations in the context of the algorithm that we will implement later. So here is another diagram this diagram please notice that we had drawn a similar diagram to explain the concept of area under the curve. Students therefore will be able to very easily relate to this diagram where we show that this is the curve y is equal to one by x and we need to estimate the area under this curve from point one to point a meaning for x equal to a to x equal to one. Again because we have explained the notion of approximating this area by rectangles then we go to the next slide and show them that we wish to calculate the sum of areas of a large number of rectangles where the width of each rectangle is fixed and all such rectangles are drawn between the point one and point a or x equal to one and x equal to a. You can use the opportunity to also explain to the students why we will not be able to calculate the exact value of the integral. You can show them for example that there are portions of rectangle which are jutting outside this curve. So when I calculate the area of the first rectangle I am actually over estimating the area under the curve by a certain amount equal to the area of this triangle. We will leave this point here and we will tell the students that we will revisit it after solving this first problem of approximating the area by the areas of several rectangles. So then we now proceed to tell students how do we calculate the area of any one rectangle in this series of rectangles. Each rectangle has a fixed width w. The height is different in each case and it depends upon the function value. We illustrate this further by showing them some rectangle say ith rectangle and we will demonstrate how the area of the ith rectangle is calculated. Why do we say ith rectangle? Because we would like to set up an iteration moving from i equal to 1 which is the first rectangle, second rectangle, third rectangle, etcetera, etcetera. So in general we need to determine what happens to the ith rectangle. To begin with we observe to our students that if there are n rectangles of equal width w then the value of w is simply given by the formula a minus 1 by n. Notice that a minus 1 is the length of this portion of x axis and n is the number of rectangles here. So the width of any one rectangle is equal to simply a minus 1 by n. It is shown as w here. What about the height of a rectangle? First of all for the ith rectangle we observe that the x coordinate of the left corner, left bottom corner of this rectangle, all rectangles in fact is simply given by the coordinates of these points. This one is x is equal to 1. So the first rectangle bottom left corner is x equal to 1. The second rectangle is x is equal to 1 plus w. Notice that 1 is this point and w is this particular width which is fixed. So 1 plus w will be the x coordinate of this point. y coordinate obviously is 0. The x coordinate of the next point etcetera will be calculated as 1 plus 2 w 1 plus 3 w. In general if there is an ith rectangle the x coordinate of the bottom left corner will be 1 plus i minus 1 w. So notice the direction of our arguments. We wish to calculate the area of the ith rectangle. We first locate the coordinate value here which gives us the value of x coordinate of the bottom left corner which is 1 plus i minus 1 into w. If we know the width already we are doing all of this to calculate the height. Notice that the height of this rectangle as it is drawn is given actually by the value of this function y is equal to f x or in this case 1 upon x. So what is the value of 1 upon x at this point is actually this coordinate. This coordinate is known. This coordinate is known. The difference would be the height. This is what is shown in the next slide here. The height h of the ith rectangle is equal to 1 upon x. Now the x coordinate at this point we have already calculated as 1 plus i minus 1 into w and therefore h becomes 1 upon 1 plus i minus 1 star level. Notice that now we know h. We already know w and therefore it is entirely easily possible to calculate the area of this particular rectangle. So we write area of the ith rectangle is therefore equal to w into h which is w into 1 upon x which is w into 1 upon 1 plus i minus 1 into w. What have we accomplished? We have accomplished a major identification of a major component of our formula which will be iteratively evaluated for different values of i. Look at this particular formula again. The area of the ith rectangle is determined by the current value of i and by the value of w. There is no other referring thing. The fact that this represents the area of ith rectangle under the curve y is equal to 1 upon x is already captured by the formulation that we did so far. So programmatically speaking now if we iterate around this particular evaluation for different values of i starting with i equal to 1 we will get the area of each rectangle in turn. If we add them up we will get the totality of the value namely the approximation of the Riemann integral. Incidentally I did not mention it but this is known as the Riemann integral. It was Riemann who first initiated this simple principle of approximately finding out the value of a definite integral in this fashion. Now some mundane questions but which are important for designing our program. Please remember the terminology that Professor Ranade introduced. We are not designing a new algorithm. Many times we use this term wrongly while teaching programming. We will say designing the algorithm. Designing the algorithm is a correct statement to be made when we do not know the procedure to calculate whatever is desired. In this case the algorithm was discovered or invented by Riemann hundreds of years ago. So we are not designing an algorithm. We are developing a strategy to design a program using that algorithm. One part of designing that program and one part of decision making in that algorithm is how many such rectangles should we use to find the area. Should it be 5 rectangles? Should it be 10? Well as I have said here more than a year. I have said say 1000. Here again we must tell our students 1000 is an arbitrary number. In our judgment this number will suffice to get a very good approximation of the integral. However there could be problems when I might have to use 10,000 rectangles even 100,000 rectangles. On the other hand there might be problems in which only one rectangle will work. I will leave it to your imagination to decide what is that problem in which only one rectangle will work. Coming back to this problem if we choose 1000 then width of all rectangles taken together is a minus 1 obviously and width w of each rectangle will be a minus 1 upon 1000. The x coordinate of the bottom left corner of ith rectangle we repeat is x is equal to 1 plus i minus 1 into w. The height of ith rectangle we again repeat 1 by x is equal to 1 divided by 1 plus i minus 1 into w and the area of this rectangle is width into height equal to this. Now this is the point that I would like you to stress to your students. Before students write the program this is the part of the program design that they must write. Forget the terms like more than area or whatever it is but initially they should make a statement saying that we are approximating the integral by finding out the area under the curve and we are approximating that area by a series of rectangles. Each rectangle will be of fixed width and the height shall be determined by the value of the function. These few lines should be written by the students as a part of documentation of designing the program. After that they should write that for each rectangle the width is so much x coordinate of bottom left corner is this etcetera etcetera. This is the minimum documentation that we should insist on our students completing before they write even one line of course. I will digress a bit and emphasis this point further. Our students when they take up jobs and those students who either take up jobs as programmers or software people and all other students of other disciplines who ever write programs in their own profession whether it is for simulating a chemical plant where it is for designing a mechanical structure our students will be writing programs in future. When they write these programs this discipline will come in very handy and they will find it very useful. Unfortunately we do not stress this because many of us when we learn programming we did not write our programs in this professional manner of first writing a description and then and only then writing a program. You can talk to those of our students who join IT companies such as in process or TCS or VEPRO or HCL or something and they will all tell you that if they write a single line of course without writing the program specifications they will lose their jobs immediately. That is a minimal discipline that is important and is expected out of every professional who writes computer programs for the professional activity. But I would say that as a part of discipline it is an important point to reiterate to all our students. Having done this then we can proceed to demonstrate the program that would emerge out of this design. So here is the program notice that I am not using main program as professor Aviram Ranade introduced because by this time we would have discussed all the basic features of C plus plus and we would have introduced the standard notation that is used the standard syntax that we use. Incidentally in this program I have not written the mandatory preprocessor directives that you have to write before this namely hash include IO stream and using namespace STD. In a classroom this much is good enough but in a handout that we give to them or in the sample programs that we create for students to execute in the lab the programs should be complete in all respect including the compiler directives. Let us quickly go through this program which is very easy to understand. I define integer variable I which will be used as an index. I define the value of A as a floating point variable. It is essential that A be floating point because the value of logarithm that we wish to calculate could be that of any positive number. We define and initialize area to 0 and we define our W here. Next we say give a number whose logarithm is to be found and we input the value of A. Next we calculate the value of W. Notice here that writing out these steps become extremely simple if as per the previous slide people have jotted down the various steps in which the program is designed translating the algorithm of RIMA. So I have calculated the W. Area of the ith rectangle is calculated as W into 1 upon 1 plus I minus 1 star W and this is added to the existing area which starts with the value 0. By this time we expect our students to understand the basic motion of equation. As I said by this time they have mastered the techniques of writing for loops and while loops so it will not be difficult for them to appreciate that if I have to calculate the area of 1000 rectangles then I must set up an iteration which will run 1000 times. This is the iteration in this slide for I equal to 1 I less than equal to 1000 I plus plus or I equal to I plus 1. This sets up a control to execute the body 1000 times. Every time the value of I will vary start with 1 then it will become 2, 3, 4, 5 up to and including 1000 because this equal to symbol. Incidentally I was quite surprised when I saw in Professor Sridhar Iyer's session that when he asked a quiz he conducted a quiz on the for loop. I think he had given a for loop which said for I equal to 1 I less than equal to n I plus plus and the options of the quiz were will this iteration be executed 1 times will it be executed n times will it be executed n minus 1 times or will it be executed n plus 1 times. I was quite surprised to find different answers being given by our colleague teachers. In fact a few people even gave the answer as 1 which is patently wrong several people gave the answer as n minus 1 mistakenly assuming that because I am starting the iteration with 1 and not with 0 somehow I will execute it one less time. Please notice that the condition here is less than equal to 1000 and not less than 1000. Now these nuances we all ought to be very very careful about because these are the nuances which students will be struggling with and these are the nuances which we should be able to explain to them with great clarity and absolute certainty. So please remember to practice your iteration setting mechanism and your way of noting as to whatever iteration students have written whether that iteration executes the correct number of times or not anyway. So notice the steps I get in the value of a I set up w I set up an iteration to add areas of all these rectangles these are all summed in the area variable notice that area must be initialized to 0 which is a prudent measure and when I come out of this loop I have actually calculated the area. So therefore I will just say output log of a is area that is it. Let us have some discussion on this particular program sample that we present to our students. I would like to go over to some remote center arbitrarily. First let me raise this question let me ask the generic question I will go over to just two or three remote centers to get their feedback on this question. The question that I am saying is that this particular program calculates the area under the curve and approximately finds out the value of logarithm of a by using thousand rectangles. Is there a simple modification that you would like to suggest to make this program more generic? Number one, number two do you have any other comment to make on this sample program? With these two questions I will now go over there is Manipal Institute of Technology which has raised hand. So let me go over to the Manipal Institute of Technology. Yeah over to you. Instead of writing thousand we can ask the user to enter the number of rectangles and use it as the value in the calculation of the width. So thank you so much but you did not mention your name so I would like to go back to you again and request you to tell your name to all our colleagues. Sema KV. Thank you. Let us now go over to Thakur College of Engineering and Technology. Over to you. Hello sir good morning. Instead of thousand we can just store have a value for thousand so that we can have the number of rectangles not stick to thousand but we can just vary it so then we can make the program more generic. Yes that is a good observation this is exactly what our first colleague participant also mentioned it is a good it is a correct observation. So we will stop at this juncture we will go over to some other centers in the context of some other problem but let us come back to our so the observation is that I should not use one thousand as a fixed number but I should define an additional integer variable say n here and I should somehow read the value of n and then in this particular case instead of dividing w instead of varying a minus 1 by thousand I should divide it by n and instead of running the iteration for i equal to 1 to thousand I should run it from 1 to n. It is a very simple extension and in fact many of our students will be able to spot this. There are two additional points that you might want to make in the context of this and similar programs that we use as sample program. Number one we are using writing this program to estimate the value of logarithm. The logarithm value is also calculated by a built in function built in mathematical function in the C plus plus library. Why not say suggest that apart from calculating this area which becomes the calculated or estimated value of logarithm of a will also evaluate logarithm of a by using the inbuilt function. We should tell our students that the inbuilt function does not actually carry out an integral as we think. It also does the same approximation similar approximation but does it in a better fashion and therefore it might be a good idea to find out how well we have approximated this integral value. That means we make the computer use the built in function of logarithm, get the written value and print it alongside the value that we have estimated. That way we will be able to determine how good is our approximation vis-a-vis the value that is written by the built in function. The second modification that we can suggest to people is that in order to determine whether the number n that we have so selected please note that I am now referring to the additional variable n. Here I have suggested we read in the value of n let the user specify the value of n. This is what was suggested by two of our colleagues and that is a very good suggestion as I mentioned. Here we are using that but this is a single value. Why not? We set up an external iteration and vary even the value of n. Suppose we say we evaluate the logarithm by approximating the area under the curve by using 10 rectangles, 100 rectangles, 1000 rectangles and 10000 rectangles. Let me now suggest that I want to make such a modification to this program. How would I do that? I will mention this. I will explain this by using a blank slide rather than writing on these slides. This is a box which calculates the value of area for a given n. We get into this box with the value of n and we get out of this box with the value of area. You will notice that I am assuming that we have already modified the algorithm such that the for loop runs for i equal to 1 to n. Now instead of collecting the value of n as an input suppose I did something like this. Consider such a modification to the program. Of course I did this artificial assignment but I could have varied this loop for n itself. So notice that it starts with one rectangle only. We will calculate the area. In the next loop the number will become 10, then it will become 100, then it will become 1000, then it will become 10000. Notice that the increment is not k plus 1 but it is k into 10. So every time I am increasing the value of k 10 times. This simple iteration now an additional outside iteration will force the inner loop to be executed so many times and after executing every such loop I will get one value of area which will be for k what you can say rectangle. Notice that I can use either k or n interchangeably outside this box but inside this box I would have already written my program using the value using the variable n. These are the nuances when you try to modify or extend an already written program. An already written program already has used certain variables and those we are forced to use whenever we extend that program immediately before and after. A discussion on the scoping which professor Ranade mentioned could be very useful in this context but that is outside the discussion of iterative solutions. So I hope you have followed this method of computing logarithm of a given value and you now appreciate a few different ways of explaining such an algorithm to the students. There is one more discussion that I would like to have is now here is a question I have already done this. Now remember we observed originally that a rectangle is not necessarily the best approximation of a portion of the area. Professor Ranade in his book has suggested the use of a trapezoid. For example let me draw it here. Let us say this is the rectangle that I was talking about. Now one better approximation could be that instead of a rectangle I actually use this trapezoid. I would like to ask the following question. A, do you believe that the use of such a trapezoid will be resulting in a better or more accurate approximation and B, if so how do I represent the value of the area of the ith trapezoid instead of a ith rectangle. The rectangle was very simple width into height w into h and h was simply 1 upon x depending upon the x coordinate. In case of a trapezoid how will I represent the area of an ith trapezoid. So I again come back to you with two questions. Question number one, do you believe that the trapezoid will result in a better approximation and two, if so how I need to modify that critical calculation statement in my inner loop where instead of calculating the area of rectangle and adding it to the previous value of area I should calculate and add the value of the area of a trapezoid. So with this I would like to go over to some new centers now. So let us go over to or NIRMA University is connected. So over to NIRMA is there some participant who would like to answer these two questions. Sir, we can calculate the slope at that point and then we will be able to get the accurate answer. No, please tell us the exact formula in terms of I and in terms of W. These are the only two variable values which are known to us. W is known as a width which is 1 minus a divided by N and I is known as the index lever of the loop. So I have to calculate the area in terms of I and W only. What you are telling me is mathematically how a trapezoid's area can be evaluated as a general idea. I need a very specific formula. I am your student remember. But thank you very much for your effort. Let us go over to some other remote center. Is a Rajaram Bapu Institute whether somebody would like to give an answer to these questions? Yes, over to you. Good morning sir. Sir, if we put a tangent in a curve and after that we get a trapezoidal and after we divide a trapezoidal in two parts that one in a triangle and another in a rectangle. Then with the help of after that we provide a submission of these both things, the triangle and a rectangle. Then we get an accurate answer of I at area of a trapezoidal. Yes, sir. Thank you very much. Now this is more useful than the previous answer but it still does not give me a formula in terms of I and W. Your approach is very correct and very well defined but this approach does not tell me the exact formula. So I will repeat my question and go over to another remote center.  This is the I at rectangle. The x coordinate of this point is whatever. The x coordinate of this point is x plus W. The y coordinate of this point and the y coordinate of this point is given by the formula y is equal to 1 by x. The trapezoid whose area I wish to calculate is this trapezoid. And as Mr. Sarabjit Singh suggested, the way the area is to be calculated is first I want to calculate the area of this rectangle. And then I want to calculate the area of this triangle. The area of this rectangle is determined by these two x coordinates which is the width is W. The height of this is actually the value of the function at this point that is the height of this rectangle. The triangle on the other hand has one side as W and the height of this triangle is the difference between the y coordinate at this point and y coordinate at this point. I hope you appreciate this. Now what we have got so far from our colleagues is the general direction. Draw a trapezoid, draw a tangent. Actually we need not draw a tangent at the curve although that would be a correct solution. But the tangent may not follow this curve completely. Since we have two points on that curve both belonging to the bottom line points x, x plus w, etcetera, etcetera one simple method may be used to may be simply to use a trapezoid which is drawn like this. Notice that the angle of this edge of triangle will be different for every such triangle does not matter. But it will generally follow the curve that we are talking about. So, now I am making the question specific. I will say that sir as you suggested if I have to calculate the area of this trapezoid and add it please tell me what is the area. Now on this assume that you have drawn this diagram for me. You have shown that the area of this trapezoid can be calculated by calculating the area of this rectangle first and then adding to it the area of this triangle. The area of the rectangle is simply width into height and as I said the height is equal to the value of y at this point not at this point. So, if this is ith rectangle we calculated the x coordinate in certain fashion x plus w is the x coordinate of this point and therefore height will be same on this that is obvious. The height of the area of this triangle is actually simply half the area of the covering rectangle. Again these two points are the y coordinate of this point and y coordinate of this point. Now what I would like all our colleagues to do is to write down a specific formula only in terms of i and w. Please note that when I am executing the iteration the value of i is the only value that is known. It is the ith rectangle or trapezoid whose area I want to estimate. The value of x the value of y etcetera to be calculated only in terms of i and in terms of w. I am sure that many of our colleague teachers would have worked out this formula exact. So, I am talking about a formula that will appear in what we call our statement inside the loop where we have said area is equal to area plus something. What I want you to tell me is this. So, I will repeat again assume that you are the teacher teaching 8500 of us. We are all listening to you as students and you have explained the concept of using a trapezoid and you have shown this trapezoid, but I forget geometrically how do I calculate the area of trapezoid. You can remind me that it comprises of a rectangle and a triangle. I know how to calculate the area of rectangle. I know how to calculate the area of rectangle. My problem is not that. My problem is that those areas I will represent in terms of height and width of the triangle or height and width of the rectangle etcetera etcetera. But I have to translate that into a program statement which will take this area as I have shown here and add it to the existing area. Inside this box what is the expression which I write which is in terms of I and W alone. So, this is the question and with this question I will go over to a couple of colleagues again. So, let me see there is L R institute of engineering. There is a hand raised here. Let us go over and try to see whether we can get the exact formula. Over to you sir. Please. The formula will be half into W into opening third bracket one by opening bracket one plus opening bracket I minus one into W bracket close bracket close into sorry plus one by first bracket open one plus I into W first bracket close first bracket close first bracket close. That is I am actually finding the area of the trapezoid that is using the formula one plus half into W into H 1 plus H 2 and H 1 and H 2 is actually the two sides of the trapezoid. So, it is it is it must be correct sir. Yes. Okay. Thank you so much. We will go over once to some other institution SGS institute of technology 1116. Sir, my name is Vivek Menon. The formula would be half into the area of the trapezoid would be half into width into the sum of parallel sides. So, it would be half into W into inside brackets. We would be having the sum of two terms. The first would be one upon one plus inside bracket I minus one into W plus now the second term would be one upon one plus I into W. Thank you so much. We will stop this exercise at this juncture. So, let us get back to now a generic discussion. Now, let me share with you the real purpose of doing this entire exercise. The questions I was raising are the kind of questions that will be raised by our students. In fact, there will be many more questions that will be raised. Now, I will come to the main point. As a preparation, we teachers have to anticipate as many such questions as we can and prepare the correct answers for these questions ahead of time. Independent of that, some people will raise questions on the fly which we have not prepared, but we should be able to correctly answer those questions very quickly.  In my classroom, I will request a student to come to the board and write the expression, but in this simulated classroom, I cannot request a participant to come to the board because there is no board. Someday, the technology availability in each of our remote centers and in fact, in each of our institutions will be such that such interaction with whatever somebody is writing in any remote center can be seen by all others, etcetera will prevail. Today, we do not have it. So, we are using the mode of a chat session. I would like to introduce this problem very quickly and then, we will continue this discussion in the subsequent session after the tea break. Thank you so much. Over and out.


Bonjour and good morning. I am Brigadier General John Lubas, the Deputy Commanding General of the 101st Airborne Division, Air Assault. I would like to begin by welcoming our distinguished guests and visitors, and especially our World War II veterans, William Parker, Jack Hamlin, Al Chatwin, and the son of one of the heroes of this battle, Robert Wright, Jr. You honor us with your presence. Our World War II veterans are the reasons we are here and we forever strive to live up to their example. Many of you know the story of this battle, but I will share a short history of what occurred here and its significance. In the early morning hours of June 6, 1944, the 501st Parachute Infantry Regiment of the 101st Airborne Division parachuted into Drop Zone D, the division's most southern drop zone. The division's mission was to enable the passage of 4th Infantry Division following their amphibious assault on Utah Beach. Following his parachute jump, Robert E. Wright immediately noticed a church steeple and headed towards it. He found himself here at the church of St. Combe and St. Damien. The 19-year-old medic removed a red cross flag from his pack and pinned it to the door of the church to identify it as an aid station and neutral ground. At approximately the same time, 20-year-old medic Kenneth Moore was approaching the village from the opposite direction. Kenneth moved towards the church with two soldiers who were injured in the jump. Once Kenneth reached the church, the two medics immediately began treating the initial casualties. The two then took turns retrieving the wounded from the surrounding area using a farm cart and repeatedly risked their lives to rescue the wounded. These casualties were not limited to just Americans. Robert and Kenneth also provided aid to German soldiers and the village's citizens. Before long, the church was packed with casualties. For the next three days, Robert and Kenneth treated wounds that far exceeded their level of medical training. It's important to remember that they were medics, not surgeons or doctors. Robert had only received three months of medical training and Kenneth had only received three weeks. On the evening of 6 June, an American officer entered the church and told Robert and Kenneth that the Germans had broken through the U.S. lines and the U.S. forces were being forced to withdraw from the town. The two medics bravely decided to stay with the casualties to continue to provide life-saving care. By the end of the 6th of June, approximately 80 men, among them Americans, Germans and French, were under the care of Robert and Kenneth within the church. Sometime after the withdrawal of the American paratroopers, a German machine gunner threw open the door of the church. After a long, intense moment of silence, instead of opening fire on his enemy, the German soldiers stepped back, made a sign of the cross and left the church. This was perhaps an act of humanity during the horrors of this battle. American troops recaptured Angaville on the afternoon of 7 June after a final day of fierce fighting. Robert and Kenneth had maintained the aid station throughout the entire battle and only departed the church when Angaville was finally liberated. Their actions were both selfless and heroic. The memorial commemorating this battle is marked with two flags, one French and one American. Unlike many memorials from June of 1944, the memorial does not include a long list of those killed. It instead celebrates lives saved. The inscription reads, in honor and in recognition of Robert E. Wright, Kenneth J. Moore, Medics, 2nd Battalion, 501st Parachute Infantry Regiment, 101st Airborne Division, for humane and lifesaving care rendered to 80 combatants and a child in this church in June 1944. As fewer and fewer World War II veterans are able to make the trip to Normandy and there are fewer Normans of the same area, it is our responsibility to ensure these stories and their sacrifices are never forgotten. We would not be here today without the incredible efforts of so many local citizens and community leaders who dedicate their time, energy, and personal resources to ensure that our collective history is preserved. Please join me in a round of applause for all those who continue to safeguard our history so that we may always remember. Angerville-au-Plan will always have a special place in the hearts of the Screaming Eagles, as will the people of this part of France. Merci beaucoup. Father, say hello to the Association, to its preservation, and to the tournaments of war in one sector or another of all nations. Peace, freedom, serenity, and community living.


morning for you, special thanks to Hilda Wathiffi and Joy Moe Chachi for that amazing segment. They like to start our Wednesdays on a laughing note. So if you happen to interact with a video that you think might go viral or break the views, just send it to us on Y2P4 channel, Twitter Y2P4, and Discord channel on Instagram and Y2P4 on Facebook so we can share it with the people and let's laugh together. So hashtag is Y in the morning, hashtag is Wednesday. And the hashtag for this particular hour is strength of a woman. And my strength of a woman of the day is a comfort student first. And she's from the School of Law in Nairobi, Parklands. And she's originally Zimbabwean. But the things she has already done or the things she's doing with her extra time, got her to this particular spot. She goes by the name Mkosi. Mkwa. Mkwa Nanzi. Mkwa Nanzi. All right, Kariwusana. If I missed anything, your camera is number four. Just look them straight into the ads and talk to them. Hi, everyone. OK, should I say my full name? Because I feel like. Yes, your full name. OK, so I'll say it like slowly. So people can get it. My name is Gosi Noseizo. Mkwa Nanzi. Gosi Noseizo is my first name. Mkwa Nanzi is my surname. All right, so Mkosi Noseizo, two words. But it's your first name. It's my first name. So it's one name, but two words. Not really. Like, the meaning is one. It means there's help in God. Yeah, there's help in God. There's help in God. Yeah. So you're from a religious family here. You could say that. Actually, I am. I am proudly saying it. All right, so the reason we're here today is because of your blogs and your project, Royal Footprints. Yes. Yes, before we get into the blogging and the Royal Footprints project, I'd like to know, you're in the School of Bloom. You came all the way from Zimbabwe to the UON to study law. We've talked about this before, but for the people I've seen you for the first time, why this way? Why this path? Why? Okay, so the question is why Kenya basically? Why Kenya? Why University of Nehru? To be honest, I do not think I would find myself here. Like I said in my previous blog, I actually wrote about it. Initially, my choices were University of Cape Town and University of Nairobi. So at University of Cape Town, I got a place for a partial of social sciences. And then at UON, I got follow. So I literally had to weigh my options, like which one would benefit me more or which one is more. Because it's fancy to say I'm a student of the law. I mean, like, let's say I'm a student of like... Say you did it, friends. Yeah, also because... You appreciate the fact that you did it for the... No, that's part, to be honest, that's the other reason. Like, honest is speaking, that's the other reason. But like also I like to stand up for people and I feel like there's a law that needs to be challenged by the law. And I feel like the law has so many gaps and so many things that it doesn't, like, target. You see, like, things like body, image and self-esteem. So I feel like the law will, like, benefit me in that way and it will, like, sort of help me advocate for people. All right, so the law doesn't cover things that affect us directly, like self-esteem and body type and the rest of them. But these things reflect into our day-to-day activities that are covered by the law, like employment, say, and discrimination in different cases. So you think that sometimes, soon, people who have been discriminated because of their body type can go to court and sue. Yes, I mean... The future is like that. Actually, like, last semester we did, like, a research paper. So we're, like, asked to identify our area of passion and my research paper was on body, image and self-esteem. So actually it had time to research on it. And apparently there's something called the body image law but it's in Australia and Australia and France. France is still, like, launching it. They're still working on it. So basically the body image law is mostly for models. Like, there's something also called the Photoshop law, right? I also didn't know about it. So I feel like it's very good that, like, first of all, countries are actually trying to combat, you see, like, these problems. And I feel like it should be, like, a global thing. It shouldn't just, like, stay there. So in as much as, like, there's laws against discrimination, I feel like it's vague. Like, just saying discrimination is vague, I feel like we should just, like, launch deeper and, like, sort of target, exactly specific kinds of discrimination. I like this. You're so passionate about body types. But I'm sorry to say you're not prone to any form of discrimination when it comes to your body type. Actually, I went through that. I need to do my research. It's a point. Like, it actually, like, drove me to actually do this. Like, at a point in my life, I never used to like the way I looked, you know? Because I feel like, like, with stereotypes, there's this ideal body. Yeah, there's ideal woman. You know, like, woman is supposed to do curvy. Like, the African context, like, curvy and, you know, big everything. Big everything. Big everything. In all the right places. So, like, I'll find myself, even like the media, I feel like the media also influences the way we think. Because, like, all these music videos, always the same girls. You know, the curvy girls, the light-skinned girls. I don't think you'll watch the easiest videos, yeah. But... But I feel, OK, I feel like now, it's only now that people are actually trying to, like, say Melanin Popping, African, hashtag African beauty. But, like, initially... So there's progress. Yeah, there's progress. But, like, still, there are, like, stereotypes. I feel like you shouldn't limit people because if, like, in videos, or, like, not just in videos, in magazines, like, the media in general, if the media is always glorifying a certain type, then in that sense, it means that everyone also doesn't look like that. It's not that beautiful. It's not socially acceptable. And that's what I'm trying to fight. I'm trying to... Yes, I'm just trying to say beauty is not measurable, basically. Like, we're all different. We can't all look the same. Like, I even wrote a quote about, just imagine coming across, like, 50 people wearing the exact same outfit as you. Like, it wouldn't good in that same context. And they look exactly the same. Exactly the same. If I had to meet someone, like, looking exactly like this, I wouldn't like it. So if we don't like people, like, dressing like us, why can't we embrace variety in terms of look and, like... And that is what the world is all about. Different communities are living together in synchrony to make the world a better place. Yes. Wonderful. So maybe you can share with them the link to your blog so they can stalk, stalk and read. Why don't we talk about this? Your camera is number four. The link to my blog, gosh. It's quite long. It's quite long. So just tell them your Instagram because they think the link... Okay, my Instagram handle is, of course, N-K-O-S-I-E-F-L-E-U-R. And then, like, in my bio, there's the link that goes straight to my blog. And then there's the other Instagram. For Royal footprints. Yes, Royal footprints. I think that one is easier. Royal footprints is just Royal dot footprints. Royal dot footprints. All right, so we're here now. How did you find yourself modeling? I'm not modeling. It's in your... Commercial modeling, okay. Commercial modeling is my passion because I just love the camera. Sweetness. I just love the camera. So I just say, let me... Actually, I started trying it out when I came to Kenya. Let me just try it out. So I just got a few contacts. And I was called to multiple auditions. I haven't made it, but I think I'll make it. You'll make in some bucks. It's taking you through school. Sort of, like, gotten on the audition. Like, gotten apart, but I'm getting there, I know. By the end of this year, I mean, prophesied. All right, so all the best in your modeling career. Thank you. And yeah, so let's talk about this Royal Footprints project. Why the name first? Royal Footprints, okay, so being religious. The name is derived from 1 Peter 2, verse 9. 1 Peter 2, verse 9. Yeah. It says, your chosen generation, a royal priesthood. Yes, I hope you can ask, yeah.  So Royal Footprints, to me, like, that verse sort of, like, made me feel like and know that everyone is royal.  You should treat yourself like your one.   All right, so Footprints are things you leave behind. So when you leave Royal Footprints behind, it means you've impacted people in a very positive way. Yes. Left some very good energy where you left. Amazing name, very creative. Is this what you learn at law school? No, no, I didn't learn at the law school. This is something you do at the site. All right, so Royal Footprints is all about this, embracing all kinds of body types and the diversity that exists. Not just, like, body types, like, but general physical attributes, be it, like, skin color or, like, hair type. Like, just anything to do with looks, basically. Anything to do with looks. All right, does it focus on women only or both sexes? Cut across. Okay, it looks like it's, like, a feminist movement. I'm always correcting people. It's not a feminist movement. It's, like, for both males and females. But because I feel like women are always the ones being, like, you know what? What's the word? English. Women's always been castigated about the way they look and, like, everything. It looks like it's for women and also not to sound like sexist or anything, but, like, men don't usually, like, open up about their insecurities. And it's, like, it's only women who always speak out and, like, come out and try to fight it. But men are always, like, undercover. You never want to speak about your insecurities. Yes, and we have those stereotypes, like, the bigger the men, the faster the power to do it. Exactly, you know? Men also have stereotypes, but because they don't speak out, we don't even know them. I mean, we just assume, we don't know. I really, we really can't do anything about it. I remember, like, initially when it started, because I started Royal Footprints when I was in high school and I was in Form 6. Well, Form 6 in Zim. So initially when it started, we were, like, 20 girls, 20 boys. But then, like, all the boys just left all of a sudden.   So, like, boys left just like that. So, like, now it's just girls only. So it seems like it's a... It seems like it's for girls only, but, like, it's for everyone in general. Yeah, the guys are invited. Everyone is invited. All right, what is the line between sharing your insecurities and self-confidence? Because when some people assume just walking up to a place and being, like, ah, I'm good, it's self-confidence. But other people think it's better if you say, ah, I don't like this about me. I don't like this about me. What is the line? I feel like self-confidence comes from sharing your insecurities. Because for you to actually... Yes. For you to actually speak out and tell people that I don't like this about myself, it takes guts. It's like confidence. I feel like there's a limit. So that is the real confidence, yeah. That is the real confidence. But then again, there are people put up facades. There are people actually pretend to be, like, to love themselves and feel good about themselves. But deep down, they're, like, self-loathing. They're always, like, thinking, oh, if only I looked like Chamele, or if only I had... Oh, Chamele. Chamele is... Oh, Chamele is... My secretary. Your media person. My media person. Like, you know, people just... Some people, I feel like things like self-confidence, it should start within, before you want to show everyone, before you want to please society. It has to start with you as a person first. All right. Let's talk about... Before we talk about social media, and how it affects all these things that you're talking about, do you think the world would have been a better place if men shared more? If their files weren't damaged? I think so. Totally. Totally. Yeah. I think... Okay, like, I was looking at the suicide rates. Most of the time, it's males who commit suicide more than females. And I feel like it's because men don't speak out, they choose to just, like... Keep it inside. Keep it inside, and also damages them in the process. You know, I feel like there's this... You know, what is masculinity?  It's misunderstood. Yes, it's misunderstood. Like, it's just ridiculous and... It's not realistic. Like, men are people. Men are people. Share. You are people as well. You have feelings, you have emotions. Share your stories, share your insecurities. I think you'll feel better after. Not so sure? How they're going to react to this? Yeah, they probably don't like it. I mean, but... Why to go for underscore channel on Instagram and why to fight for on Facebook? Don't forget to leave the hashtag, the strength of a woman of the hour, all right? And why in the morning is there the hashtag? And Quince Wednesday is the main one. So please interact with us. Your views, your comments and your questions are invited. Social media is a tool now. It's the same tool you're using, but it's the same tool that gives pressure to people. These insecurities that you're talking about, this diversity that you're talking about, social media is very, very responsible for setting an industry standard for beauty. And it's still the same tool that you're using to spread your word. How is this working for you? I mean, it's not easy. Fire with fire. Fire with fire. It's not easy because this is like a global, as I said, it's like a global thing. And really it's not easy for someone to just read a quote or just go to Royal Footprints and see you're beautiful and just like sort of change their mindset. Yeah, so it's not easy, but I think it's something that can be achieved. I mean, like if many people try as much as possible to actually promote self-love. I think even the social media influencers, you see they are already influencing, question is what are they influencing in the first place? If you're influencing like bad vibes, you're literally spreading bad vibes to like the whole world. So I feel like also social media influencers have a role to play. They should like promote self-love. They shouldn't like have these unrealistic body standards. You get what I mean? If they also like take part in it, I feel like the world will be a better place. But also it's not just social media. I mean, people always say stuff. You can be walking on the street, especially girls. I mean, girls suffer a lot.  I didn't like you. Things like that, things like words, words are very powerful by the way. Also small things like that.  But like, you know, when you're not alone with your own thoughts, you're actually thinking, oh, am I that ugly? You know? Yes, it affects you. It affects you. So like in as much as social media does play a part, I feel like also the things we say as people, you know, like you can take it lightly, but you can actually ruin someone's life totally. Social media has no fault. It's the people on social media. Yeah, exactly. It's the people. I mean, social media is good. I mean, we can use social media for good things, but what she's saying in social media, what you portray through social media is what's going to affect other people. All right. Let's talk about health now because it's directly related to what you're fighting for. So you're here preaching to people to love their bodies, be comfortable in their bodies. But medical research tells us that a certain amount of weight ratio to your height, maybe a certain amount of body type can cause hypertension, can cause all sorts of diseases. How do you tell someone to be comfortable in their own bodies when you know for a fact this is a health hazard? I remember there's a quote, something that Tara Banks once said that all women are beautiful, but like at the same time, you should be like healthily beautiful if that makes sense. It was, I'm just like paraphrasing. It wasn't, it was like something along those lines. Also there's something called body mass index. Like your weight and your height should like. The ratio. Yeah, the ratio. We're saying love is actually loving yourself means it's not just about self love and preaching.  It's also about like eating healthy and like doing stuff that benefits you. It's not just about like your, your, your, your physical. It's also about your mental wellbeing. Get up, get what I mean?  Hashtag Slay Queen. Hashtag I love myself. Like, I feel like now people just do these things for likes, but like deep down, you know, like it's unhealthy and you're actually like destroying yourself. So yeah, in as much as like, it's good to love you. I mean, generally there are people like, who are like naturally big. There are people who are naturally tiny like me. So in as much as I try to eat like fertilizer, I won't grow. I will not grow. But they're like instant. Like, it doesn't mean I should stop eating healthy because I'm like, get what I mean? Because you can't get paid. Yes, it doesn't mean I should just like, take the chance and eat fast and eat chicken. I don't care anymore. Self love just, it goes beyond self love. So the reverse is also to when you're big enough, it doesn't mean you give up. Then yeah, exactly. Oh. So like, I'm just saying, in as much as like, you have to embrace yourself. I mean, if it's your natural body and you can't do anything about it, it's fine. But like, you, as a person, you know that this is not me.  You know, like, this is hazardous to my health. So like, you should try and take measures to actually like, stay in check with your health instead of preach yourself love. How do you break this to somebody? Because all right, for the guys, it's okay. It's very easy for me to tell my boy, hey, bro, you're getting fast. Seriously. But how do you tell a woman, this is very dangerous for your health? I think it's okay.  Yes, it's treated. I remember I once tweeted like, saying to someone you've gained weight or lost weight, it's not a greeting. No, they don't see people just say, hey, you've gained weight. Especially your mom. It's not a greeting. Like, it's not a greeting. I feel like, if you're a true friend and like, it also depends on your relationship with the person. If you're like close friends, I'm pretty sure you can like, break it down to them and say, listen friend. And also don't say it in front of people, like in a dramatic way. Let's say, listen, I don't think what you're doing is healthy. And you can even like, like, support them even more. Like, you know, let's go on a diet together or let's hit the gym together. Get it. But just don't like, hammer someone, like, attack them.  Women are so like, particularly like, we're so concerned about the way we look and everything.  Like, you just don't feel good about it. All right, so find a diplomatic weight. Yeah, just find, like, a good way to say it. What's your vision with Royal Footprints?  So we have the Canyon branch now? Yeah, Canyon branch is launching, we have a ZIM one, a Canyon one. Also, like, since I started in high school, there's like, most of the members went to universities all over the world. So I have people in South Africa, people in Australia, Canada. So actually working on it for them to actually like, start like, branches there. Like, I feel like also like, we're starting mostly in universities because I mean, university students go through a lot. I mean, it's not just like the academic pressure, it's also about looks, you know. Trying to like, stay up and everything. Financial pressures. Yeah, financial, exactly financial pressures. So like, different universities, but like, at the end, I just want to see it like, successful all over the world. Just like, trying to spread positive vibes, making people feel good about themselves. We're going to see a magazine sometime soon. A magazine. For what? For Royal Footprints.  I could do that. I could. Because you already have a blog. You have images on Instagram when you bring the two together. Could actually have a Royal Footprints magazine. Yeah. All right, wonderful. So now I'd like to focus on your career now, a little bit, since it's strength of a woman. After you study law in Kenya, can you practice in Zimbabwe? Is it possible? You have to go through some different. I feel, OK, if I get admitted into the Kenyan bar, I don't think I would have to apply for one in Zimbabwe, apparently. But my goal is to, I think Kenya is, God has spoken. I think Kenya is my place, I mean. God has spoken. Welcome to Kenya. I just feel like it's my place.   I'm here to stay. Is she welcome? Boisha. I'm here to stay here. All right, the guys have spoken. I think I'm here to stay. All right, so we've talked about raw footprints. We've talked about your career. One thing is left. You know this thing? No. No? This is that part where we address the trending topics that are around. And once since it's neighboring to your country, I'd like to talk about Dr. Likau. Oh, my God. I hope Dr. Likau. What is your take on this particular story? OK, I don't know. I just feel like it's fair, like frankly speaking. I watched the whole video of the guy resurrecting. It just looked like a play, to be honest. It just looked like too dramatic to be true. He was just like too shocked. I can't even put it into words. Yes, now that you admit that it's a fake thing. How do you think the public at large can approach this kind of aspect? Because religion is very sensitive. You can't tell somebody, no, that past is fake, when they already believe in something. So how do you think people can approach this? Somebody who has gone to college level, somebody with an open mind, somebody who views life in a very broad spectrum. I really think everyone is entitled to their own opinion. What if that opinion affects people like that? People are being frowned. I mean, the thing I've noticed about most of these people who follow the likes of Lukau and Bushiri, it's like they're already inside it. Like you can't change their minds. Literally those people go on to Twitter and they fight people. Like you see Twitter wars. They literally fight and defend their pastors. So I feel like people like that you just have to, if they can't listen, because them is actually them who don't like, who are like so rigid. They're not like willing to listen to what other people have to say.  Just pray, because if someone is already focused and they've already told themselves, like that is my pastor. Thank you very much for sharing your feelings. The last hour of the day. So I see in Hollywood, they keep fighting. They fought for rights of the minorities. A movie cannot be a movie without a black person in it. A movie cannot be a movie without somebody from the LGBT community. A movie cannot be a movie without the marginalized guys that are Mexican there. Is it something that you're going to do in future to make sure like a media house or an employment place, they cover all types of body types and people of different skin color and diversity? Definitely. I think like, which magazine is it? They usually have like top 50 most beautiful women. I don't think to be honest, in my opinion, I think that's not necessary. That's what I told my throes when they were celebrating Idris Elba. Yes, because it's like you're saying if you don't look like Idris Elba, you're ugly. Like basically, that's what they're saying. You can't say that, right? You can't say it. That's what I'm saying. So like, I don't think it's necessary to like have awards and everything. Like first of all, who are you to say she's beautiful? And I'm, yeah, who are you? We end on that note. Thank you very much for having me, because we appreciate your social media handles. So tell them how they can get the links to your blogs and read. Okay, Instagram. Everything is on my Instagram. Of course, if you're N-K-O-S-I-E, underscore F-L-E-U-R, yeah. That's my Instagram. It has my links to Royal Footprints, links to my blog. Yeah. Thank you very much for coming through. We appreciate you. We have come to the end of Strand of a Woman.  Entrepreneurship, it's Tuesday. Although I'm not taking as a person, it's Tuesday, but those who are impacting the community positively, this is their spot. Text us on Y-254, channel on Twitter, Y-254, underscore channel on Instagram, Y-254 on Facebook. Hashtag is Y in the morning. Hashtag is Wednesday. Hashtag is Strand of a Woman. So we can highlight the story. So what's coming up next is a special song. This song is special to me because it speaks to me directly. Blinky Bill, Mungo Halali, enjoy it. As we wait for Garstock, a hot topic. Don't touch that down.