What's up everybody, Jason here for JaspysCaseBase.com. We just sold out 2022, clearly Donnerous, one box break. Random Division number six guys. And again, get a free spot if you bought one to the first five as our early bird. So here's a dice roll. Let's roll it, free spot giveaway. Randomizer and the same dice roll for the list of names and divisions, six times. One, two, three, four, five, six. Jared, congratulations buddy. After six times, you're the early bird winner. Now six times here on the names and divisions. One, two, three, four, five, six. Six times, six, six. Tristan, Donner Colton. Six times, one, two, three, four, five, six. AFC South and the NFC West. All right, Tristan with the AFC South. Tristan with the NFC North. Jared with the NFC East. Brian with the NFC South. Tristan with the AFC North. Jared with the AFC West. Adam with the AFC East. And then Colton with the NFC West. All right, there you guys go. I really doubt there'll be any trade, so. Stick to what? Yeah, guys. All right, here we go. Nice, nice, nice for Patrick. Ba, ba, ba, ba, ba, ba, ba, ba, ba. Whoa. Patty Mahomes used to 175. That is AFC West. Open to Jared. We got a little Chris Olave, Jordan Davis, Matt Corral, and Pierre Strong in June. Oh, I feel like I got an extra hit. Or this extra card. That one's an autograph, let's save it. And a little Mahouse. First name Russell, last name Wilson. Christian Watson, Jalen Tolbert. And then Estefan Diggs, nice little Mosaic variation there. That is from 1992 Daenerys. Brees Hall, Carson Strong. All right, autograph time. Oh, red team, but not the right one. Although he is a starter now. Tray McBride, he's a stud. Cardinals, NFC West, one of Colton. He's got more commonalities. All righty. We're getting there, guys. We're starting to get the red teams. All right, appreciate it. I'll post up another one. Jaspys, casebreaks.com.


Actually the boards of all misadjid across the U.S., anybody who's in a position of power and authority and leadership to say stop sticking your head in the sand. It doesn't work that way. These are issues that are part and parcel of our community just as they are with any other community of human beings. It's a human issue, right? And so therefore we find very solid solutions and thank you Shahrami for sharing about the stories directly at the time of the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam. I'll remind us just very quickly as we wrap up kind of in thinking about this that the Sahaba Allah S.A.W put the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam as a living example and embodiment of Islam, literally called the walking Quran. How exactly do you implement the rules of Islam? He gave us a human being, a person, to show us how you do that. And then a community around him which we call the Sahaba, right? The Sahaba and Sahabiyat male and female, to actually commune together, to live together, to figure out what are all of the issues. And it is no exception that within all of the Sahaba and Sahabiyat you find every single, every single minor and major sin and every single illness and every single struggle that humans go through has actually been documented in the Sahaba and Sahabiyat. We do this strange thing sometimes as Muslims where we like put on these rose-colored glasses and we romanticize the Sahaba and they were just these and they were, they were mountains, no doubt, every single one of them. But they also had human conditions and struggles that they went through. And in those interactions with the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam and with each other, we learned so much of what you do, the guide, the living guide of what Islam has meant to actually embody. We have beautiful guides, but we tend to not use them as much, right? So a lot of the work that we're doing actually is a revival. It's kind of going backward and reviving that historical understanding and putting it into modern practice.


Hi everyone, it's MJ and I'm busy going through the 2017 paper that was written in September. And if we look at the very first question, we can see that this relates to chapter one. And the big trick with these questions is to score all five marks. These are one of the easiest questions, but you don't want to be too overconfident and make silly mistakes. Let's go through this question nice and slowly and you should be getting five marks on this question. The question says the following, the number of cans of fizzy drinks consumed by teenagers each day is the subject of an empirical study. The following data has been recorded. So we've got cans per day and the number of teenagers that drink that number of cans. Assume that no teenager drinks more than five cans per day. Okay, that's great. And now what we need to do in part one of the question is calculate the mean, the median and the mode for the sample. And this should be the three easiest marks that you will ever get in a stats paper. Question two is going to be a little bit tricky. So let's quickly go through number one and we'll then jump to part number two. So this is our data over here. And I mean one way of thinking about it is that we have 25 zeros, we've got 30 ones, we've got 26 twos, 23s, 14 fours and 10 fives, which means if we're going to calculate the mean, what we need to do is the following. Okay, we first remember the mean is equal to the sum of the X's divided by n. So we first need to add up all of these numbers and we've got 25 plus 30 plus 26 plus 20 plus 14 plus 10. So we see that that is equal to 125. Now what we need to do is add up all of these. So we've got 25 times zero. So that's going to equal to zero. We've then got one times 30. So we're going to have 30 plus two times 26. So that is 52 plus three times 20. That is 60 plus four times 14, which is 56 plus five times 10, which is going to be equal to 50. And then what that's going to give us 248 divided by 125. And we're going to see that the mean is equal to 1.984. Okay, now let me just explain where we're getting 30, 52, 60, 56, 50 from. Or remember, these are the number of cans per day times by the number of teenagers. This is just a frequency diagram representing how the data is. So that's why in chapter one, we did look at the ways of presenting data. And this is a more compact form rather than saying, you know, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 25 times and then 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 30 times and 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 26 times and so forth, so forth, so forth. So you must be comfortable with dealing with data in these various formats. And I think that's where they try and make it a little bit tricky is presenting the information in a different format.  So that should be good. We also needed to work out the median. Okay, so how would we work out the median? Remember, median is the middle value. So what is the middle value? Okay, what we're going to be doing is if we take 125 and we divide it by two, we're going to see that around the 63rd position is going to be our median value. So yeah, that's going to be our 63rd. If we had to order it, fortunately, this data is ordered from smallest to largest. And what that means is if we had to almost draw like a cumulative, we would see that there's 25, then there is 55 and then 26 plus 55 is equal to 81. So we can see that the 63 is going to be lying here. So therefore, we know that our median is equal to two. So our median is therefore going to be equal to two cans. So 63rd position and we've got two cans. Okay, and then the mode is the most easiest of them all. And that is just which one has the highest frequency. And here we can see 30 is the biggest number between 25, 30, 26, 20, 14, 10. So bam, the mode is going to be equal to one.  Remember, these are the values that we're interested in. And that's just the frequency of how often they're occurring. So we're looking at 30, but then we're going to be choosing the number one. Just like, yeah, this was our position of 81, and we chose the number two. Okay, so what we have, let's write it out here. We have the mean is equal to 1.984, the median is equal to two. And the mode is equal to one, okay. We need this information now for part two, which says, comment on the symmetry, okay? Symmetry, and this is why you need to learn a little bit of the jargon. But I think everyone should be comfortable with symmetry. Comment on the symmetry of the observed data using your answers to part one. That's very, very important that you're using your answers to part one. And without making any further further calculations. Because if you had to draw this out, okay, and this is where this question is a little bit tricky.  You can see 25, 30, 26, 20, 14, 10. That's kind of the shape that you're getting, but, but, but, but. If you had said, this is positively skewed, you would get, even though the data theoretically is, you would probably get marked wrong. Because what the question's asking you to do is it wants you to use your answers to part I. So it wants you to almost be blind to the actual data. And say, well, if you had to make an answer just on this, what would you say? And look, we know that in order for something to be symmetrical, if the mean and the median are similar or very close, we know that that's gonna be the case. And we can see that 1.984 is close to two, okay? Where it does get interesting is the mode is one, okay? And we would expect the mode to also be two, to also be two if symmetrical, okay? However, if we come and we look, we can see that two, sorry, I have like scribbled everywhere here, 26 was the second higher. So because our mode is one, but the second highest, the second highest is two, then we can kind of see we have two for the mode, two for the mean, two for the median, and we can basically say that it is symmetrical. So we're gonna get a mark for saying that it's symmetrical, and we're gonna get marks for giving our reasons. And our two reasons are the mean and the median are close to each other. And we're also saying that the mode, even though it is not technically two, it is close to being two. And this is where you wanted to get, where you wanna get your marks is, is you wanna explain. You could say more, like I guess in a better way by saying, there is not enough evidence, this is if you like done hypothesis testing. There's not enough evidence to support asymmetry. And I think if you write that, they will be very, very impressed with you. Because there, what you're also doing is you're carrying on the philosophy of statistics by saying, you're not saying what something is, you're just saying what it isn't, because there's a lack of evidence to support what that isn't is. I hope that made sense. But there we go, rather say, yeah, that. Not enough evidence to support asymmetry because of the fact that the mean and the median are close to each other and the mode, even though it is not technically two, the second highest or most occurring value was two, which are. Means that there's not enough evidence to support asymmetry. And there we go, that is your typical exam question for this chapter, for this course. Please let me know if you've got any comments and I'll do my best to help you out if there's any sort of confusion. I'll see you guys for the rest of the course. Keep well, cheers.


So what we will try to do for this new cycle, as we remember we started our journey to digital transformation and innovation since 2021. Now we are heading to that area. In Africa program what we want to focus on will be, we work on three domains, first one we want to focus on capacity building. Because you know that capacity building, it is one of the best key you can have in your company. Because you can have a very big airlines, airplane, but you need a driver. So the driver it is the human being so you need to train them in digital, by using digital tools, everything. So and for that we want to train people more on the new tools like to train IT managers. Because usually we are just training postal operators, those who are doing operations. But it is also good to train like IT managers because they are the one working at the background, back office. So this is the first thing. The second one will be now on consultation because we need also to see, to go to countries to see what are their needs. Because this is the main way to collect their needs so we can try to address them here. And the last one will be on procurement, equipment assistance. That one will pay a special attention to countries that are crossing difficult time. You know some countries in Africa are challenging with natural disasters. You have some of them facing armed conflict. We want to more focus on them because it is better to go to those who are in need than you distribute equipment to all. This will be the main focus of our activities during this new cycle. We expect to learn at the end of the cycle to the digital transformation and innovation. So in Africa now we can say that from the last years not far behind. We can say that Africa countries met progress. This one we can say because you see this COVID pandemic. Many people were thinking that post the net operators will go down. But you see how they were resilient to go through the innovative solutions. Because at that time those who had to survive need to go through the innovative solutions. That is why many countries now are making progress. You can see in many countries new solutions either in e-commerce, either in digitizations. So which means that African countries can also adapt themselves. And we can say that now that Africa is making progress. And we can no say that this is enough. We have to push them to be more innovative. Because now if you are not innovative you cannot survive and it is not an option. So for Africa what we will try to do we will work mostly with our members as you know them. We also rely on our partners. We have many partners and also contributors. You know for Africa program we used to receive contribution from some friends countries. Let's say like that France, Japan. There are many they are giving. So we want to rely on them. We have also our external stakeholders. Because now what we notice is that for the last cycle or maybe for the past there was no communication flow between all the stakeholders. Like UN, original offices in Africa, restricted unions, member countries. There was no communication flow between them which creating some gaps. Now we are trying to see how we can put them together. That is why we put in place a project called cooperation and facilitation framework to see how to put together all stakeholders include the African Union Commission.


The 10-wheel dump truck is one big truck, big in size, big in payload. It's used to haul tons of material from one job site to another, and for special jobs. Plowing snow, for example, or working with a stone spreader to tar and chip secondary roads. Jobs like these require a big truck with a lot of power, and they require an operator with a lot of skill. Of course, just watching this program on operating the 10-wheeler won't make you a skilled operator. Only experience will do that. But it'll cover some points that should make you a better operator if you apply them consistently. We'll begin with the discussion of startup procedures. Then we'll get into some basic operations. And finally, we'll cover shutting down at the end of the day. As you know, the department has a lot of trucks, old and new, different makes and models, and some operational procedures will vary from truck to truck. We'll cover procedures that are basically the same for all 10-wheelers here. But for more detailed information on the truck you'll be using, refer to the operator's manual. Get familiar with any special operating instructions. And with the locations and functions of the various instruments and controls. Okay, let's begin with startup procedures. As an experienced operator, you know that the startup entails much more than turning a key. First, you have to complete a pre-trip inspection to make sure your truck is in good shape before you leave the yard. Follow the instructions outlined in the operator's daily checklist. The order in which you make the checks is unimportant, but doing them is very important.  Start with the engine compartment. Check the engine oil every day. Keep it at the recommended level with the right type of oil. And note the condition of the oil. If it's discolored, gritty, or smells of fuel, don't start up until the problem has been diagnosed and corrected. The oil here looks good, at the right level, and fairly clean. Check the coolant level in the radiator or coolant reservoir. Some radiators have a sight glass on the side. And if you can see coolant in the glass, you've got enough. Check the condition of the fan belts and hoses. Report any that are loose, worn, or cracked. If the fuel filter on your truck has a petcock on it, drain a little fuel, and check for signs of water or sediment. If you suspect water in the fuel system, drain a cup or so from the fuel tank to remove any water that's condensed in the tank. Next, check the battery compartment. The condition of the cables and terminals. Keep them tight and free of corrosion. Check your tires every day. Keep them inflated at the right pressure. That makes steering a loaded truck a whole lot easier. The recommended pressure is stamped on the sidewall. Look for cuts and gouges on the tread and sidewalls. And check for loose axle bolts and lug nuts. Make sure everything is nice and tight. Now, on some of our trucks, the front axle bearings are lubricated with oil inside this plastic seal. Keep the oil level up to the full mark on the seal. Normally, we use SAE 90. Check the hydraulic oil level through the sight glass on the hydraulic oil tank. If it looks milky, there may be water in the system. And that could cause hydraulic failure. Tell your supervisor. Look underneath the truck for leaks of oil, water, or fuel. Note any problems you find on your checklist.  Okay, now you can start the engine. Let it idle for five minutes or so after startup. At about 800 to 1000 rpms. This warm-up period is important to establish an oil film on the cylinder walls and other internal engine parts. While the engine's warming up, check the gauges on the instrument panel. You should get an oil pressure reading right away. If the gauge reads zero or low oil pressure, shut down the engine. You've got a major problem. Check the air pressure gauge. You need 90 to 120 pounds of pressure for the air brakes to work properly. Make sure the battery is charging. And the temperature gauge is working. And of course, check your fuel. Check the air filter restriction indicator. If the needle goes into the red range, you'll have to clean or replace the air filter element. Make sure all of your lights are working. Headlights, turn signals, flashers, strobes. Trucks are notorious for faulty brake lights. Check to see that yours work. And test your windshield wipers and horn. And check the free play in the clutch pedal before you head out. Experience will tell you when a clutch just doesn't feel right. Before you leave the yard, step on the brakes a couple of times, just to be sure you'll be able to stop. And there's one last pre-trip inspection point. Your seat belts. Nothing can add more to your safety than the few seconds it takes to buckle up. As I said earlier, the order in which you make these checks is up to you. But do them. Be ready to spot, report, and describe any problems you find before and during operation. You don't have to be a mechanic. Just look, listen, and feel for signs of potential trouble. And take care of it as soon as possible. Now, let's cover some points about basic operation. First, the transmissions you'll be using in the 10-wheeler. Next to a healthy concern for safety, the ability to shift gears properly is the best skill a truck driver can have. And no wonder. Our 10-wheelers have transmissions with 5 speeds, 10 speeds, and 13 gears, plus more gears in reverse. You also have high range, low range, direct drive, under drive, and over drive. It all gets just a bit confusing. Showing you how to shift gears here would be a waste of time. You have to get out and do it if you want to learn it. But I can offer a few pointers that may help. Start by reading the shifting instructions in the operator's manual and study the shift pattern for the transmission in your truck. When you're starting out, use the lowest gear that allows you to get the truck rolling. And upshift as you increase your speed. It's usually unnecessary to run the engine up to governed speed in the lower gears. That creates a lot of noise and waste fuel. Keep an eye on the tachometer. Use it to judge when you should upshift or downshift the transmission. Don't let the engine run too fast or too slow for the gear you're using. When you're driving on a busy road, stay in the highest gear that allows you to keep up with traffic and still have some power in reserve for acceleration. As I said, it's going to take some practice. The load you're carrying, the driving conditions, the tachometer, and the sound of the engine will influence which gear you choose. But with experience, you'll begin to select the correct gear almost instinctively. Okay, here's something that may be new to you. The differential lock or power divider. It's not really part of the transmission, but it may help you get out of some tough situations. On tandem dump trucks, both rear axles drive independently to power the truck. But if you get into an area where there's a good chance of getting stuck, let up on the accelerator and engage the differential lock. That gets both rear axles pulling together for better traction. Disengage it when you get out of trouble. But remember, never engage the differential lock when your wheels are spinning. That could damage it, the drive shaft, and the rear axles. Now some points about basic maneuvering. Turning, braking, and backing. For the most part, maneuvering the 10-wheeler is a matter of common sense and following the rules of the road. For turning, remember to signal well in advance. Slow down to a safe speed and stay in your lane as you go through the turn. And remember, the 10-wheeler needs a bit more room to turn. If you don't allow for it, you'll get into situations like this. And that's dangerous. And because the 10-wheeler is heavier, it also needs more room to stop. So anticipate the need to slow down as you approach intersections. Always maintain a good safety cushion between you and vehicles ahead. Remember, there are no excuses for a rear-end collision. At least none that will stand up in court. Use the transmission to help you slow down by downshifting. And above all, never drive anywhere until the air pressure in the air brake system reaches at least 90 pounds of pressure. Now, backing the 10-wheeler. The first rule is simple. The less you back up, the better. Rather than backing onto the highway, for example, turn around and enter traffic correctly. Plan your route to minimize the need for backing. Of course, you'll have to back up occasionally throughout the day. So here's another rule to follow. This just about says it all. Look before you back. Use both of your rear-view mirrors. You may remember the cone of danger that we showed in the six-wheel dump truck program. Well, the same thing applies to 10-wheel trucks, but the cone is larger. The area inside the cones is a blind spot. You simply cannot see everything behind you. So if you're not absolutely sure of what's behind you, get out of the cab and check behind the truck. Pick out some reference points that you can back toward and keep them in sight of your rear-view mirrors as you back up. Okay, now let's look at a couple of dump body operations. The procedure for using the dump body in a 10-wheeler is just like that in the smaller six-wheel dump truck. You use the same controls. We'll use the dump body to spread material along road shoulders. A nice, even spread makes it easier for the motor grader to come along and finish the job. To spread material, first you have to adjust the tailgate spreader chain so the right amount of material falls out of the body as it's raised. After you adjust the chains, position the truck at the dump site and begin raising the dump body. As the body rises, trip the tailgate latch. Then drive ahead slowly so the material falls out of the body and spreads out evenly behind the truck. After you dump the material, bring the body down and relatch the tailgate and disengage the PTO before you get back on the road. You'll also use the 10-wheeler to dump stone into chip spreaders to pave secondary roads. This calls for skillful operation and teamwork between you and the spreader operator. First, you have to back the truck up slowly until the tow bar on the truck locks into the hitch on the spreader. Then you put the transmission into neutral and let the spreader tow you slowly down the road. As you raise the body to dump the stone, keep an eye on the spreader operator through your rear view mirrors. He'll tell you when to raise, stop, or lower the body. And remember to keep your feet off the brakes. Just let the spreader pull you along, but there's more to it than that. You still have to steer. And because you're being towed backwards, that can be a bit tricky. Your turns have to follow the turns of the spreader. Check your mirrors constantly. A mix up here could result in this. Once this truck got off the pavement, the soft road shoulder did the rest. Whenever you raise the body for this or any operation, be sure you or your spotter checks the overhead clearance. Look out for tree limbs and power lines.  When you get back to the yard, position the truck so the loader can go from the stockpile to the truck as easily as possible. And get out of the cab. Stay in front of the truck where the loader operator can see you and you can see him. Now we'll cover shutdown. What to do at the end of the day? Keep your truck clean. Clean equipment works better and lasts longer. Park on level ground. Make sure the transmission is in neutral and set the parking brake.  Bleed off the air reserve tanks to expel any moisture that's built up in the tanks. And walk around the truck. Look for any damage that may have occurred during the day, like this broken spring. Report any damage or operational problems to your supervisor. Check the power steering fluid and transmission fluid at least once a week while the engine's warm. In cold weather, plug in the electric heating elements to keep the engine warm overnight. That'll make starting easier the next day. And that's it for our program on the 10-wheel truck. As I said in the beginning, you won't learn everything you need to know about the 10-wheeler here. But remember the major points. Do that and with a little time and practice in the field, you'll be on your way to becoming a skilled operator. An important asset to the department.