So why do I love Google Colab so much? It allows us to have everything in one place. It's also pretty much indestructible. I remember all those struggles with installing Python on my machine and then I was running code and the dependencies ran quite right. Given that this costs us on Google Colab, we can do all those things so that avoids all of you having to deal with these minutia of installations. It's pretty much indestructible. It also allows us to know a lot about you. The questions, we will know the timing for the various parts, what you submit and so forth. I should just hear by promise you that we will only use what we learned that way to make the world better, to make this cost better and to help us plan future courses. So what's the plan for today? In previous versions of this course, we jumped right in and looked at the components, say linear transfers or transfer functions. But instead, what we want to do here, it's a bit of a risk, we'll see how well it works, but we will use alpha zero as an example with the idea to do something that's really big in the first week with the hope that then you can see the big, the forest instead of fast seeing the trees. And I think alpha zero is a great example there. We will see pretty much everything that we'll learn in any of the weeks that the course. And we will see how that slots in here. And that will in a way motivate us to learn about all those components. It will also allow us to think about the components already knowing the rest of the space and how it relates. And also, we will see how when put together in the right way, many rather obvious little ideas produce a deep learning system that ultimately feels like magic. Alpha zero plays great, but it's made out of very simple things. And I think you will come out of today's lecture with an appreciation of how everything fits together. So what is alpha zero? Alpha zero is this cool system coming out of Google DeepMind that basically teaches itself to play games. Can play chess better than any human can play. It can play go better than any human play. It can be used to learn game playing in lots of different situations. So why do we start with alpha zero? Deep learning always appears in the context with other computer science ideas, such as symbols. In the case of alpha zero, we have deep learning, but deep learning is part of the problem. We will see that the deep learning is embedded in a system that does planning. We will see that deep learning can be formulated in many different ways here. There are many ways of bringing deep learning to the problem. And alpha zero is a very clever way of bringing deep learning to the problem of game playing. Alpha zero combines what the whole causes of it. It combines recognizing little patterns that predict that your game situation isn't as good as you may believe. In that sense, it's similar to computer vision and natural language processing. It contains reinforcement learning. And of course it contains all the components like transfer functions and optimizers and regularization and so on and so forth. I think it also teaches us how we can think about an overall problem and about how we can use deep learning as a tool in multiple different ways. Now, it would be cool to do everything in the case of chess or go, but these games are very complicated and the code would be very long. So that's why we focus on a simpler game, namely the game of a teller. So in the game of a teller, we have black stones and we have white stones. And we can, and when we put a stone somewhere, everything that is between on a straight or diagonal axis, everything that is between one of our existing stones and the newly placed stone will take on the color that we have. So for example, if we put that white stone in this upper place, the black stone that was to the upper left will switch signs and now be white. This is what we see on the right-hand side here. So we don't want you to implement a teller because we want you to learn about deep learning instead of just coding. So we are giving you a very fast implementation of a teller. And we will see how fast implementation is the key to a lot of approaches in deep learning. So what do we give you here? We give you an environment called game and it gives us game.render, the ability to render the bot, game.getavailableactions. In a teller, it's only legal to do a move that actually flips a sign of the other player. The third one is we give you game.cownPlayer. Whose turn is it right now? And then we give you game.step, which takes us input the action that we take and produces the new game situation. It's also that the code that we give you allows you to play multiple games in parallel. That is not so important if you are me do it, but it's hugely important if we want to collect lots of data to use deep learning to say estimate how good a position is. So now we want you to understand the game environment. So please look at the relevant parts of the code and try and understand what that environment is that we're giving you. Do not spend more than a few minutes on it.


A recent piece from TechRadar's Christian Goitin cites several users claiming the chat GPT quality decreased since switching to OpenAI's GPT-4 model. Apparently prioritizes speed, but a lot of people think that maybe that speed is coming at the expense of quality. You know what it sounds exactly like? The first time you got the first phone with Siri or you got your first Google Assistant and you forgot your first Amazon Voice Assistant speaker? This time you talked to Eliza on a Commodore 64 for goodness sake. That honeymoon phase, it is sweet, it is intense, it is intoxicating. We are living with this now. It is technology in the dirt. It is not the new shiny. It isn't the chat GPT got worse or the GPT-4 is worse, it's that people are now reaching the edge of what it's capable of.


Born, excuse, Bowers, Decker, Gisha, Hannah, Heidemann, excuse, Kath, Kittelsen, Klihounis, Montemire, Rindfleisch, excuse, Surik, Vanderweel, Vu, Wangeman, 13 presents. We have a quorum. May we all please rise for the Pledge of Allegiance. I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America and to the Republic for which it stands, one nation under God, indivisible with liberty and justice for all. Okay, we have resolutions introduced three, special resolution 6-1-A, a resolution authorizing the appropriate city officials to apply for grants to the staffing for adequate fire and emergency response program, also known as the SAFER grant. President Gisha. Thank you. I move that the resolution be put upon its passage. We have a motion and a second under discussion. I believe if we can have Commander Butler come up and explain the grant to us, the grant process, and what it's all about. Motion and a second. All in favor? That's okay. Please wait. The federal government, in an effort to maintain adequate response in the communities across the nation, has at times offered grant funding to locales to kind of help bolster local staffing. SAFER grant was put in place for that reason, knowing that there are places that it is very difficult to maintain those levels. As part of and recently, because of the economic downturn, the SAFER grant actually had some changes put to it, and there was some of the stipulations that were part of the SAFER grant application had been removed. For instance, there was no shared cost for a city to apply for the SAFER grant. There was no sliding scale of payments that had to be made to transfer the payments to fund those firefighters that's been removed. There was a four-year period of performance where you had to maintain the staffing that was funded under SAFER. They've changed that to a two-year period, and they've also removed the stipulation that after the two-year period for rehiring laid-off firefighters that you do not have to maintain them on your staffing. So hopefully you would have, at that point, maybe the situation economically has turned, and you're able to keep that staffing where it was. So all of that being said, the SAFER was an opportunity for us because we were in such financial hardship with the budget and trying to squeeze some things in. We saw an opportunity to put forth an application to the federal government, the Department of Homeland Security to potentially fund some of those short-funded firefighters on the department. The decision was made to apply for three firefighters, fully funded for two years, including benefits at 100 percent through the Department of Homeland Security. The application deadline was December of last year because of some confusion on the changes that were put forth as part of the stimulus recovery act. We had the deadline extended to January 15th, and so we were able to put this in. And of course today is January 15th, so we have five o'clock for me to push the submit button, and that's why we're here today. There was a stipulation in the paperwork, and I think it's, I don't know if you, did everybody get this, Terry? The paper that's in front of you, we are not eligible under the hiring of new firefighters because of that, the wording actually in the thing is the hiring of additional firefighters. So the additional firefighters essentially would have meant that we maintained our 77 sworn firefighters that we had previous in the last couple of years, and we would have had to add those three to that, which meant we would have had to hire all seven back and then go for the three. So we are eligible, and I'll get to why we're not 100 percent eligible, using the rehiring of the laid-off firefighters or firefighters that are lost through attrition, which is actually our case. So we, in the stipulation for the paperwork or for the contract or the grant application, excuse me, there was a period between January 1st of 09 and October 31st of 09 where either the action of laying off those firefighters or a decision was made to lay off those firefighters had to be in place and that's sort of the period that they were looking for. Because of the length of time in trying to make everything work and the contract negotiations and some of the other department layoffs and things like that, there was no hard formal decision to lay off, but the ultimate impact was that they were not rehired through attrition, and then, so what we're doing is in the narrative to be forthcoming in the grant application so we don't get hung on something as a technicality for applying and not being eligible. We made it very clear that this was an ongoing process. We were trying to do everything we could to try to get this timeline met and because the budget was decided after this, there was no hard thing, but the ultimate impact was we're still seven firefighters down here at the end of the year and so we put the application in that anyway and in the narrative it explains that situation. So the grant will be applied for the total of the grant if given to cover three firefighters for the full two years with benefits was 409,734 dollars that we would be allowed to request reimbursement for if we're approved. Now the approval, so nobody gets their hopes too high. It's a very competitive process. They expect anywhere between four and six billion dollars of requests and anticipate only paying out because that's what's allowed 210 million, part of which goes to volunteer fire departments for their recruitment and retention efforts. So it's a shot in the dark a little bit. We did as best we could in applying for it. We've tried to explain our need and the rest is going to be up to the grant evaluators to determine if we're eligible. Thank you, Chuck. We have some questions. First we have Alderman Bourne. Yes. Thank you, Mayor Ryan. When will we know how long is this process going to take? There's a kind of a two-tiered process. Most of the applications will be reviewed and granted within 90 days of the closing deadline. So in three months essentially and I think from reading the paperwork there were some stragglers that could come out till later in the end of the year because if certain periods or certain percentages that are allocated for volunteers or departments aren't met they have to reshuffle and then reallocate the limits and that sort of thing. So three months at the earliest and then it could be any time later in the year as well potentially. Thank you. Thank you, Alderman Bourne. Next we have Alderman Hannah. Thank you. Commander Butler is there a chance that they could come back and partially fund our request or is it all or nothing? I believe they can come back and based on what they read or see they could say okay well we won't give you three but we'll give you one. But I think they understand three is sort of an important number based on the way we schedule. It's essentially one firefighter per shift. So it's unlikely that given the small amount that requesting that they would actually cut that down and it's kind of good that we requested the smaller amount instead of the full six anyway because they're looking to meet certain NFPA requirements for staffing and response and the fewer number that it takes to actually get you to that point actually gives you some leverage and puts you at a higher priority as well. Thank you Alderman Hannah. Next we have Alderman Bowers. Thank you Commander. The original was December 1st deadline. I believe it was December 15th. 15th and at that time you didn't know what fireman would be laid off for what the procedure was. The deadline for application was December 15th. The deadline for the period of having some kind of action already recorded that those firefighters were going to be laid off was set at October 31st of 2009 and at that time there was no clear cut. I think that we all sort of understood something was coming but there was no there was no council action. There was no specific budget pass that actually spelled that out by October 31st. I think you stated that at the end of the two-year period we could revolve or go back to the where we're at right now. That is correct. There is no obligation because of the way they made some changes to this that we retain those people after it. I think the idea behind that is they think that some of this has to do and the reason they waived some of these requirements is because of an economic situation that hopefully would be correcting itself as the economy improved over time and so at that point hopefully cities were able to pick up that difference a little bit. You consider our department under staff at this time? That's an interesting question. I do consider our department under staffed for the current makeup of our department right now especially with the seven firefighters and or six firefighters and one staff position who's also us were in firefighter. Yes I do. Are you familiar with the West Bend Fire Department? To some degree. I know what West Bend is.  That's all. Okay. Well let me bring you up to date here. West Bend serves a population of 40,000. 44 square miles. I think Sheboyga and our fire department serves 13 square miles. They have 40 fire firemen. We have what? Right now 76? We have 70 currently. 70. Well okay. But there was 76. So now you're trying to reire two more. Three more. Three more. Okay. So anyway, the department that has approximately 8,000 less population can operate with 40 firefighters and we need 70 anywhere from 70 to 76. That seems to be what the council of this city thinks. Oh, okay. Yes. All right. Thank you. Thank you. Alderman Bowers. We have Alderman Gisha. President Gisha. Thank you, your honor. I just wanted to inform the council that all we're doing is approving an application this noon. The process would be that if in fact funds were granted, the council would have to accept those funds and then under the terms and conditions of whatever grant, either partial or complete, we would get. So all we're doing today is approving sending a hitting a send button to see where we stand. Correct. Thank you, President Gisha. Are there any other questions? If there are no other questions, we do have a motion and a second on the floor to pass the resolution. Thank you, Commander Butler. We may have a roll call vote, please. Motion carries before we adjourn. If I may make one announcement on behalf of of Alder Person Kittleson tomorrow, this Saturday, there will be the Sheboygan County City and School District employee and family health care health fairer, excuse me, at the Blue Harbor Resort and Conference Center from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. Everybody is invited. It says that 50 children who participate will receive free Blue Harbor water park passes throughout the day. So it might be good to get your kids out there and attend the attend the family health fair and maybe get them some some water park passes. So if everybody would like to attend that would be a good thing to do. Do we have any other comments? We have a motion to adjourn in a second. All in favor say aye. Opposed? Motion carries. Thank you, everybody.


Hello everybody, welcome back to another Adobe Animate tutorial and this one I'm going to show some of you guys that are wanting to draw vector graphics or use the brushes that you're used to using vector brushes. All of these brushes really over here then from the brush library you can't really use them in the current iteration of the toolbar. What am I talking about? Let me show you. If you look here on the toolbar we've got two brush tools. We've got the fluid brush tool, the fluid brush, and if you just hold that down you can draw and it looks great and wonderful. I'll command Z and then you've also got the standard classic brush tool. And the classic brush as I just showed you here has a few different brush types. You can do like the circular kind, you can do, I'll hold this down, you'll see here there's a few different options. What it does not do though is allow you to use the vector brushes and all the cool brushes that you probably used to using in things like Illustrator. Left click on that and let me show you. You'll see the brush library, arrows, artistic, decorative, line art, pattern brushes, vector packs. You know if I looked at this hand brush look here I click on that and then I start painting, it doesn't work. Even if you double click on it it selects the brush and then you'll see here again it's not working. Anyways let me show you how to fix that. I'm going to command Z or control Z all those things so it's stopped. We're going to now go to the toolbar and here's the trick. You want to go to the bottom of the toolbar click on this three dots or in ellipses and you're going to see here the paint brush tool. This is the old school classic and in the current iteration of animate it is not included in the toolbar. So left click on it, drag and drop it. I'm going to drag and drop it underneath the classic brush. When you do that things are about to change. Here it is. Now instead of clicking on the two here click on the paint brush tool, go over to your brush tool or to your brush library pardon me and now pick out something cool. So I'm going to pick out a pattern brush just to show you I don't know they've got some interesting ones here barbed wire. You need to double click, double click on it and when you do that and you've got the correct brush which is the paint brush tool and you start painting you're going to see something very cool. It's back. This is how you do it. I'm going to command Z, control Z. I'll show you a couple other options for example if you want to do vector packs. I've got some hand drawn brushes. I like this one here, vector pack 6. I'm going to double click on it, not single click on it. Again that's a little weird too. And I'm just going to drag and make a neat little pattern. Let go. Now we've got the brush tool back in action guys. Just wanted you to know that. Thanks for watching this tutorial. A ton more stuff coming up soon.


So you thought we were done with the nervous system and what you will see in this last section of anatomy is that we're pretty much not done with anything. The nervous system and the endocrine system, because they're integrators, they are involved in all the body systems. So remind yourself about the hypothalamus and where it's located. We have a nice little view here of a sagittal slice of this fella's head. And you can see your structures, cerebrum, cerebellum, there's the pons. You can remind yourself about where the hypothalamus is, below the thalamus. This is actually the thalamus. Hypothalamus is this blue thing, color, hypothalamus. And these images are from the open stacks textbook, which is actually free, open resource, which is awesome. What I want you to also see, because again, why are we talking about a nervous structure here, I want you to see the pituitary gland. The pituitary gland, I'm pasting it, I'm not pasting anything, I am tracing it. That's the word I wanted. I'm tracing the pituitary gland and I hope you can see that the pituitary gland is connected to the hypothalamus by this kind of orange structure. What is that orange structure? You know that thing. You know you know that thing. It's kind of one of my favorite structures. I mean, I love this whole area over here. That orange thing is the infendibulum, infund, so fun, dib, way dibbing, you loom. Okay, I just am going to settle down there. You remember the infendibulum. In fact, when I'm looking at a slice of human head, I find the hypothalamus by first finding the pituitary. Remember pituitary? Where it's sitting down in the seletursica of the sphenoid bone. The pituitary sits down in there and you can find the infendibulum. It's a little piece, little stalk of tissue and if you follow that stalk of tissue up, the next place you're going to be is hypothalamus. Why? They actually have an anatomical connection between them. The hypothalamus is anatomically connected to the pituitary gland. You know why? It's like a private message line. Like the hypothalamus says, pituitary, you're really important. In fact, the pituitary gland is considered the master gland of all glands in the endocrine system. But the hypothalamus has an anatomical connection to the pituitary and basically calls the shots. By calling the shots, ultimately the hypothalamus is in charge of the endocrine system, which is really interesting. So there is an anatomical thing that we can find in here because there's a couple of things that you need to know about the hypothalamus. First of all, hypothalamus controls the pituitary gland and if you notice, what do you notice about my pituitary gland? It's color-coded and there's two colors. That's because the pituitary gland is an anterior portion and a posterior portion. So I'm going to say the hypothalamus is linked anatomically to both the anterior and posterior pituitary glands, but the hypothalamus literally controls ant pit, anterior pituitary, with hormones. What? The hypothalamus has its own hormones that it makes and it dumps them into another anatomical phenomenon called a portal system. And now that I think about this, I need another picture. So when I come back and talk to you about the pituitary gland, I'll bring a picture of the portal system, but define this. So push pause after I say it if you need more time to write it down. The portal system is a weird circulatory system that is two capillary beds in sequence. You have three of them in your whole body, three places where you're going to find a portal system and this is one of them. Capillaries, and we're going to do this with the circulatory system, capillaries are a place of exchange.   You usually have one capillary bed.  In weird portal systems, you have two in sequence and it's weird because why have two? You have exchange happen in the first one and why would you go through a capillary bed? Again, you have dirty blood going through the capillary bed. You have other goals. And hypothalamus dumps hormone into one capillary bed and that hormone goes to ant pit into another capillary bed in ant pit and affects ant pit and says, hey, we need some more hormones and ant pit dumps hormones into the capillary bed which then heads out to the cells to affect the cells. So what you end up with is I'm going to draw a little star. We got a capillary bed up here, hypothalamus dumps hormone in. We got a capillary bed down here. Ant pit receives that hormone and then gets, that's the message to make more, send out hormone and affect other people. Hypothalamus controls ant pit in that way. Hypothalamus controls post pit. This is really weird. Post pit is actually like an extension of hypothalamus. It's actually neural tissue. So hypothalamus makes hormone that's stored in post pit. Did you follow that fantastic fact? So it's almost like, man, I need a bigger version of this. That's a neuron. This is the axon terminal of my neuron. The neuron cell body lives in the hypothalamus. The axon extends down and the axon terminals are in posterior pituitary. Hypothalamus makes the hormone. The axon terminals store the hormone and release it into the bloodstream. So really, post pit is just nervous system. It's just an extension of hypothalamus. The plant pit is actually endocrine tissue, which is a different thing. Okay, so you might feel like, dude, we just talked about the pituitary gland, but we're supposed to be talking about the hypothalamus, but we're going to come back and talk about the pituitary gland one more time and I'm going to bring back pictures of the capillary system.


In 1772, French mathematician Louis Lagrange discovered five points around orbiting objects where gravitational and centripetal forces cancel themselves out. L1, L2 and L3 are on the line connecting the two bodies. They are unstable. That means it takes a small amount of work to maintain and orbit at or around these points. L4 and L5 are on the orbital path of the smaller body. They are found by using equilateral triangles. They are stable, and Lagrange claimed that small objects could orbit these Lagrange points. 134 years later, between 1906 and 1908, four such minor planets were found around Jupiter's L4 and L5 Lagrange points. Asteroids at Lagrange points are called trojans. As of May 2017, we know Jupiter has at least 6,515 trojans. Such objects have also been observed in the orbits of Mars, Neptune and several moons of Saturn. In 2010, we discovered a trojan asteroid orbiting Earth's L4 point, 60 degrees ahead of the Earth called 2010 TK-7. Here we see an animation of 2010 TK-7's orbit. The clock shows how the orbit changes over time. Over the next 10,000 years, it will not approach Earth any closer than 20 million kilometers. That's 50 times further away than the Moon. Our space program takes advantage of these points when we position satellites to observe the Sun. Here we see that L2, where the James Webb Space Telescope will orbit, is four times further away from us than the Moon. We'll cover this a bit more in our section on the heliosphere.


Don't Jewel. It's not cool. Hey! Welcome back, boys! We're going back to the yard! It's so addicting.  I decked him out with the short shorts, like literally me IRL. Always, bro. Always. This is how I look at home. This is how I look away. I'm excited when I get my ranks up, I get my cred up, and I can get those golden white compression shorts. All right, so head to head. Miami Port is now open, which I have never played on, and that's what we're gonna be doing today. All right, I'm excited. Presumably, this is the same as Lamontay Gate, where it's only four teams worth of players, but I don't even know that division off the top of my head. I'm going scrambling QB every time. No, it isn't. Because they got Sammy Watkins, Jerry Judy. They got Grog. I'm taking the Grog for my center. That's actually kinda dope. Next up, we got Evan. So this definitely has Buccaneers, Rams. You know what? Maybe this actually has everybody. I'm gonna go Jalen Ramsey here. I'm glad. I hated that. I hated that NFC North thing. Gardner Minshew, Derwin James, Carlos Dunlap, David and Joke. Mmm, I don't know. I don't really want any of these dudes. Actually, I'll take Minshew. I'll take Minshew so I can do the sauce like I did last time with Air Noggers. And then Josh Allen with Armbar and Enforcer. Hell yeah. I love to see an enforcer on the squad. Patrick Peterson has human joystick, and at one step had faster reactions to receiver cuts and man coverage. That's nasty. I'm still going, Mike, Evan, so sorry. He's amazing.  I still haven't figured out how to do that thing where you bat passes to other receivers. There's a way like when the ball's in there, you can slap it to someone else like volleyball. I always told you guys, Madden is a volleyball simulation game. All right, where's Puppa Meeks? I'm right here. Let's see some clamps, baby. We're in man coverage here. My man is open. I'm not gonna lie, but he doesn't see it. This guy's number is also 69. You gotta respect that. Cobra Panther. Let's see what he wants here. Mmm, nice ball.  Really nice balls. That was the call-o-mag. Third and goal. Wait, how is he third and goal? Is this a special game mode? Oh, this is a special game mode. He can't get it first. He has to get the touchdown. That really complicates things. Oh, he barely gets that off, and he stepped out of bounds.  Clap them cheeks, bro. I love this guy, though. Oh, Puppa Meeks got that.   I was all over that. I got... He was the ball went going up, up, up, up. He was facing that way, and he did the ball went like that. I'm so pissed.  There's nothing here. Oh, take that back. I was hoping we could pick that up and go. I need Minshew back here. All right, so we're just gonna dump this off, and then up to Minshew, who can still throw... Oh, Puppa Meeks. Puppa Meeks is open. That's why we get Minshew. I'm gonna pitch you back. Yes, sir. One more. Yes, sir. No, I almost did it. Let's see that block, baby. Okay. So wide open. Got him. Need you to stay up. Fourth and goal, I do not need much. Minshew's coming with me. That's just such an easy pass. How do you miss that? All right, it's okay. I'm still gonna win this. I'm not losing a guy named Clap Them Cheeks. That's like my whole thing, basically. Okay, so step up, Mike Evans. Just missed.    Go work, go work. We got Derek Henry down. I'm gonna send a blitz. Since he keeps going back behind. Oh, I'm there. Okay, perfect. Fourth and goal.  I'm gonna blitz Kenan Allen. I'm gonna go deep with Kronk. Yes. Fight. Yes. Let's go. Kronk with the interception. And that gives me a point. Kronk is a perfect man to have back there, dude. I'm gonna send Mike Evans. Why not? Oh, I gotta deke this man. Shit. I was trying to put a move on him and I didn't realize you couldn't do that back there. I'm in a bad spot. I should just be able to send Kronk though since he's just leaving it. Yeah. He's just leaving it open. Third and goal. I need to get a lot more yards though. All right. So pass it off to...  It's not enough. It's not enough. And we're just gonna hope Mike Evans will make a play. Let's see it, Mike Evans. He's got it. He's got it. It's crazy. It's crazy. That's when we get Mike Evans. I'm gonna go for two.  Oh, that's open. That's open. He's got it. Laser. I got first one free activated. He definitely made an illegal pass there. Where's the refs when you need him? Because I know he's gonna throw behind. Yep. And I'm just gonna rock him. Yeah, I knew he was gonna do that. Dude, I almost should play like a defensive player because I always had this X factor and I never get to use it. Yeah, he knows. Oh, it doesn't matter. We got him. Oh, somebody's tackling. Fourth and goal were up by one. This is huge. I know what you want to do. Oh, he doesn't.  He knew that I kept stepping up Mike Evans. Well, it's not a multi-pass DD, so he only got regular points for that, which is really good. He's looking for the multi-pass. I'm gonna get over on it.  He missed it. He missed it. This is huge. I gotta get this now. I just gotta get the touchdown now. All right, so he's playing the middle. Okay, easy. Back to Papamigues. Yes, sir. I got first one free activated, so he breaks that tackle. That's how I'm gonna lose, really, off of a fumble. That's lame. I was just marching down that field to score. That's really lame. It'd be like that though. Let's hop into another one. Hopefully we'll have better luck in that one. What's the team gonna be today? So scrambling QB. Stafford first. No, I can't do that. There's a Ray Lewis. I'm gonna go Mike Evans. I throw to the center so much. I gotta do a wide receiver type. This is where I could take a QB, but I don't have one. AJ, sure, dude. Why not? Gronk, please. I'd love to. And then Derek Henry. This is a weird team. I don't want to go Minshu last. I'll just go Kalomag. All right, off the... Oh, I can almost... I'm gonna take off, yeah. There is a guy too close behind me there. All right. All right, so it looks like he's gonna be there every time. Back to Papamigues. Back to him. Oh my God, we're rifling these passes. Oh, wait, why can't I throw it? I couldn't throw it to Papamigues for some reason. Did you see that? My X button went away. I just lost the play because of that.  I was really excited to run that. This man was a bona fide scrub. Annoying. All right, this is big. Ooh, X is open, but he's gotta get all the way to the end. So no, no, no, you can't secure catch it. Okay. Well, this has been... This has been eventful. He got scared. I'm going to go on Papamigues. Yup. Stay on the man. I got this. This is my ball. Yes, sir. Return it. Return it. Come on. Give me those blocks. Give me those blocks. Yes, sir. All the way. Oh, that guy's fast. Eight easy points right there. We're gonna go for three on this. Up to the field. That's Mike. That's Mike. Evan's not a very small boy. Yeah, he's gonna catch that. 11 to 0. Back at defense. Let's do it, boys.  Why wasn't I guarding that?  Go get him. Go get him. Go get him. Fourth and goal. The score glitched out and the drive's glitched out. Look at the scoreboard. Someone, please look at the scoreboard. Am I still gonna get the win, even if I can't tell what my score is? I really could just beam it up to Mike Evans every time, because he's always gonna have man coverage little man on him. You know? I'm just gonna take off. All right. So let's get the pitch right now. Not who I wanted that to go to. I'm pretty sure it's 11 to 0. Last eye check. All right.  I tried to do something different. It didn't work. Oh, I'm starting to see the score, you guys. Look, it's Lola to Bra. It literally says Bra. Am I? Are you guys seeing what I'm seeing? And Mike, he didn't just drop that. Wait a second. It's Lola to Grub 1. He could win this game. Very good, EA. Very good. He's gonna throw right here.  I just can't let him score.    I don't know how many points he has. I think he has eight and I have 11.  Please. Please. Thank you, Gronk. I was gonna be so mad. 12 to 8. I'm pretty sure. I'm pretty sure we won. Do I keep Kalomak? I'm gonna switch him out for Leonard for next. I haven't used him yet. Let's do it. I can also see.  We're playing. Shit. Oh, he's gonna throw me an interception on the first play. Come here. What are you doing, Sass Bance? Why are you being silly?  AJ Buye, the goaded QB. Dude, he's got it. All right. Let's take our time here. Back to Papa Meeks. We can still throw. Oh, I can still throw. Shit. I thought I was gonna lose it there. Now I have infinite time, right? Oh, I'm gonna throw that. God, it's the Derek Henry. I just can't throw that at any point, but I'll take what I can get. I just feel like I could moss whoever is over top of him at any times, you know? Like, he's got Chris Godwin out there on Mike Evans. He's gonna catch that. All right. We're gonna throw this to Derek Henry and then to Mike Evans. So Derek Henry, uh-oh. I went too far. Throw it back to Papa Meeks. Do not have the desired effect. I'm gonna be totally honest with you. Dude, look at the people watching the game literally from, like, cargo shipping containers. It's interesting. All right. So I knew he was gonna do that. Get out. I'm gonna blitz it when he tries to throw underneath because I know he's gonna. So he's gonna throw underneath right here. My ball. Oh, Derek Henry, nice catch. Damn. We're just gonna sit back here at Papa Meeks and wait until he throws it. All right. He's getting- he may have just downloaded the yard. All right. Off to Gronk. Do I take off? Or do I wait patiently? I'm gonna wait patiently. Dude, his name is McCocketer. He's Barry McCocketer. Dude, that's so awesome. Oh, I could have maybe thrown a- I'm just waiting. Dude, I really do have infinite time. Put a timer on me. Someone put a timer on me. Let's figure out how long I'm gonna do this for. I get to- Oh, no, don't do that. That's no fun. Well, you know what?  Should've stayed on me!   You should've let him play coverage, man. And now we're just gonna moss Chris got one. Oh, you didn't catch that? Easy massacre to end the video though. This is rude though. There's nowhere that you can throw that a success on here. I got that ball. Popple Meeks with the pitch to Derek Henry. One more pitch. It's on the ground. I may have made a mistake. Turns out I did. Barry, Barry, Barry McCocketer. What are you gonna do? What are you gonna do? Oh, wait, did I pick that off? I did. Hey, Jay Booyah's got it. I just gotta swerve him. No, swerving is impossible in this. Get the ball, Popple Meeks.  And I also don't know... I don't know how to do... Like, I can do a stop and go like swerve in a head-to-head easy, but I can't do it in this. I mean, that's game over, but he threw... I've never seen that animation. Popple Meeks was the player of the game with two take plays and a touchdown. I can replace with a free agent. My Kevin's is amazing, but I kind of want to go with Laramie Tunzel as a joke. I'm doing that. Does Laramie Tunzel in the yard have a gas mask to smoke weed out of? That'd be kind of cool. He doesn't, though. Relay him.  Do I have to close the app now?  Uncool. All right, we're trying again. I think this would be my last game, though. Lamar at center. I guess I can do that, but it doesn't help too much because I can never get him in the backfield. Unless there's a play where he can go in the backfield and I haven't found it yet, I'll see if I can get him. I got Teddy Bridger. I have a lot of QBs on this team. Let's do an all-QB team. James? Hey, I got wits. I'm about to do the all-QB team right here. Give me another QB. QB, Q... I ran out. My luck ran out. I have all-QBs, Pat, Pete, and Laramie Tunzel.  I'm not going to lie. Why would you say that? Ah, he don't early. He don't early. Popping me into something in the middle. Got to go! What just happened? I think I just broke the guy in the endgame. What did he just do? I'm going to look for James Winston on this wheel route. Okay, got it to him.  It's so hard to control these dudes. They hop-stepped like five yards. Whatever. That was one of the coolest touches I've done in the yard yet. So I'm cool with that. He's just going to ride for one off. Jaylen Ramsey. Third and goal. He's going to throw underneath here. We're going to go get it. Yup. He goes back to rake.  Like, I thought that might have been my guy. They gots to fix it. He's going to throw right here. He's going to throw right here. Yes! All right, back up. No, where's Papa Meeks button? Papa Meeks doesn't have a button. I'm throwing right here. He's got it. Oh! James! Oh, James Winston isn't fast enough. Going to go over to bridgewater behind the back. A little bit of sauce. Up to X. Uh-oh, now we're running. Now we're actually running. Oh, wait. Now I got to deke one more. Dude, I'm actually bullying this guy.  I'm pretty sure if I throw behind me.  Wait, that's weird. Gets it off to my Gavin's. He's going to go back and he's going to kick it. He just kicked that ball. He kicked that ball with his foot.  Oh! I'm soaking this game. Oh my God. You just got read like a book. Who are we going to throw it to though? Oh, deke. Deke. Double dekes? Triple dekes? All right, 20-40-0. That's pretty much game. No way I can give something up right here. No way. That was 20-40-0. He's got John Brown over there with Teddy Bridge. Oh, Teddy Bridge said no sir, not today. Back to Papa Meeks. Back to someone else. That's his ball now. 25-6. All right, I'm going to close it out on that one. I'll inspire. Hey, I hope you guys enjoy. I love the yard. I think for the next yard video, I'll play the game again. Just got to say, 12 rush yards, 60 receiving, two touchdowns. For the next yard video, I think I'm going to try out a different prototype, either a defensive one or a tight end, and I'll see if I can play well there too. But cool. Hey, thank you boys for watching. I'll see you in the next one. Peace.


That concludes general questions. We will now move to First Minister's questions, and at question number one, I call Douglas Ross. Thank you very much, Presiding Officer. One week has passed since the unwarranted, unprovoked and illegal invasion of Ukraine by Vladimir Putin and his forces. One week of watching refugees forced to flee their homes. Watching cities being bombed, and a week of seeing young and old come together to fight on the front-line in a war between two sovereign countries. Ond ydych chi'n defnyddio yn y cwmysgwyr, rydyn ni'n ddod i ddod i'r llyfrgyntol o'r Llyfrgell a'u ddwylliant i'u gwaith o'r llei yn gyfnodol o rysgafoliaeth dda, ond mae yn ymwneud o ffodol, oed, oed, oed, oed i'r llyfrgell i'r llei. Dydyn ni, iddyn nhw'n gweithio ffordd ffoblachol o'r llyfrgellau i dda i gael eu bod yn ymryddoedd o'r Llyfrgellau Iebydau. The people of Ukraine need our help in their time of need, and I would encourage everyone across Scotland who can donate to do so, and together we can help to make a real difference to the peoples whose lives have been devastated by this atrocity. First Minister, why did the chief executive of the Scottish National Investment Bank resign abruptly on Friday? On behalf, I am sure of all of us in this chamber, and across the country express my horror at the scenes that we have watched unfold in Ukraine as a result of Putin's aggression and illegal invasion over this past week. I also express my admiration of and solidarity with the people of Ukraine, led by their president. All of them are showing incredible bravery as they stand up for the values of democracy, sovereignty and freedom. I also want to echo the comments made about the Disaster's Emergency Committee appeal, which will launch just after this session of First Minister's questions, and all party leaders will stand together to support that. The Disaster's Emergency Committee appeal brings together all the leading aid agencies who are responding right now on the ground and donating to its Ukrainian people. The appeal is the fastest and the most efficient way to get money to charities who are helping right now. Of the £4 million announced by the Scottish Government on Monday for humanitarian aid, I can confirm to Parliament that £2 million of that will go to the Disaster's Emergency Committee appeal. Before I move on to Douglas Ross's question, I will take the opportunity to say to people that they can donate to the appeal at deck.org.uk or by telefoning 0370 60 6900 or £10 can be donated by texting support to 70150. Every penny donated from Scotland will help to get much-needed aid to the people of Ukraine who are fighting so hard for those values that we all hold dear. On the question about the Scottish National Investment Bank, I am sure that everyone across the chamber will understand that I am not going to go into the confidential details of anybody's employment situation here in the chamber. That issue is not a matter for the Scottish Government ministers. It is a matter for the board of the Scottish National Investment Bank ministers had no input into that, although we were told earlier in February that the chief executive would be leaving the bank imminently. What is the responsibility of Scottish Government ministers to ensure is that the bank is performing well, and the bank is performing exceptionally well. It is perhaps the most important economic initiative that has been taken over the past few years in Scotland. As of the end of January, the Scottish National Investment Bank had completed 13 investments totaling just under £200 million since its launch, supporting companies across its three key missions of net zero, place-based development and innovation. The bank is doing incredibly well, and the Scottish Government, and I think all of Scotland, should continue to support it in those efforts. The First Minister has used this opportunity to explain how well the bank is doing and the vital work that it is undertaking. Therefore, it is important that this Parliament knows and the public in Scotland know why the chief executive resigned so abruptly earlier this week. We have heard from the First Minister that she was given advance warning of that last month. Therefore, I have to ask why we are not finding out in this Parliament. This week, repeatedly, Scottish Conservative MSPs have asked why Ailey MacTaggart, the chief executive, resigned. Not once did we get an answer, and again today the First Minister has refused. This bank will eventually be in charge of £2 billion of public money. Therefore, I think that we are entitled to know about the leadership, because this secrecy and shutting down scrutiny is completely unacceptable. How can the First Minister and her Government have nothing to say about why the person running that organisation has left? The ministerial quote states that information should not be withheld from the public unless there are clear and lawful reasons for doing so. Are there clear legal reasons for hiding this information from the public, or will the First Minister now tell us why the chief executive stood down? I would have thought that the answer to Douglas Ross's question about the ministerial code should have been obvious. The bank's chief executive is an employee of the Scottish National Investment Bank. The bank has a duty of care to all staff, including the former chief executive. That is why it is a matter for the board of the bank, and it is important for everyone, including Scottish ministers, to respect that confidentiality and that duty of care. What is important is that, given that the chief executive has resigned—and I think that it is important to make this point—that the bank has new interim leadership in place, and the bank continues to perform extremely well. I have already outlined the scale of the investments that are being made by the bank, supporting businesses all over the country, to help us meet the missions of making Scotland a more innovative country, of completing our journey to net zero, and of ensuring place-based development to help some parts of the country to have better, faster economic growth. That is what matters to this Parliament, and it is what matters to the Government. At any given time, it is vital to be clear that the bank has the leadership in place to ensure that continued progress. Douglas Ross has questions about the leadership of the bank that we are not getting answered by the First Minister. She is telling us a lot about the bank and the importance to Scotland and Scotland's economy and to this Parliament, but, like her ministers, she is refusing to give any detail on why the chief executive resigned. I think that that is extremely unfortunate when we come to this Parliament to get answers from the First Minister and her Government. The timing about that is all very suspicious. The chief executive of Scotland's National Investment Bank resigns just days before the SNP launches its own economic strategy, a strategy that is way for thin, underwhelming and watered down by the Greens. It sums up a Government that is out of ideas and out of any vision for creating Scottish jobs and growing our economy. That plan is more of the same. It even recycles productivity clubs from Derek Mackay's economic plan, and it has been criticised by business leaders, including Sir Tom Hunter, who described it as a long wish list with no magic wand. Is it really a coincidence that the chief executive of the investment bank has resigned instead of trying to deliver this new strategy? Yes, it is a coincidence, and that is clear. On the issue of the former chief executive, the former chief executive of the Scottish National Investment Bank is a private individual. She has opted to resign her post as chief executive of the bank. She is entitled to the duty of care and the confidentiality that any other individual in her circumstances would be entitled to. It would be completely wrong, and I think that most reasonable people would accept. It would be completely wrong of me in the chamber of the Scottish Parliament to breach that confidentiality. I have a duty to make sure about that. The bank has the right leadership in place and can continue to build on the excellent progress that the bank is making across its three missions. That, I think, is what is important. On the economic strategy that was published by Kate Forbes earlier this week, perhaps I just need to quote some people on the front line of Scotland's economy. Tracy Black from CBI Scotland, business will welcome the ambitions set out as the right path for Scotland's future economy, or Liz Cameron from the Scottish Chamber of Commerce. Businesses will applaud the scale ambitions set out in the strategy. First Minister, if we could just pause for a moment, there is conversation going on across the aisles, and I would be grateful if that could cease. First Minister. Or Ewan MacDonald Russell from the Scottish Retail Consortium. There is much in the strategy that the retail industry can support. Andrew Mackay, the Federation of Small Businesses, the headline measures in the strategy could help Scotland to realise its long-term ambitions. That is what people out there working in Scotland's economy think. We will continue to work with them as we continue to support recovery from Covid and make sure that the Scottish economy is living up to and fulfilling its enormous potential. I have to wonder when the First Minister reads out those quotes that they were similar, supportive quotes when Derek Mackay issued many of the same points in his economic plan, in previous economic plans, because the fact is that this is a retread of many of the issues and ideas that were put forward by the SNP before. However, the first part of the answer was quite telling from the First Minister, because she has confirmed to Parliament that there is no direct link between the Government's economic strategy launch and the resignation of the chief executive of Scotland's national investment bank. Therefore, she knows why the chief executive did resign, and she knows that is not the reason why she resigned. First Minister, we are just asking questions because we need answers. It may be uncomfortable, and the growns from the SNP may be because they do not want those questions to be asked, but it is the job of opposition in this country to raise serious concerns when they come. However, the First Minister also mentioned the economy, and for 15 years that her Government has been in charge, Scotland's economy has been stuck. This Government has created more problems than it has ever created jobs. We have seen one major failure after another, from Prestwick airport to Ferguson shipyard to BiFab. Now, in this new strategy, the SNP is literally dying nosing problems that they themselves either created or made worse. The First Minister cannot even rely on support on the benches behind her. In response to the launch of her Government's economic strategy, Maggie Chapman MSP said that the Scottish Greens believe that the focus on growth is outdated. The focus on growth is outdated. Those are the same Greens that Nicola Sturgeon personally invited into her Government, a party whose policy is actually to make Scotland poorer. First Minister, is it any wonder that your Government's economic plan is a shambos? Based on today's performance by Douglas Ross, I predict that the one thing that we will not be seeing any growth in the next few months or years is Scottish Conservatives' fortunes across the country. He wants to dismiss the views of CBI Scotland, of the Scottish Chambers of Commerce, of the Scottish Retail Consortium, of the Federation of Small Businesses. I have set out their views on the economic strategy and I would suspect that they perhaps speak for more people in terms of the Scottish economy than Douglas Ross does. Let us also look at the performance of the Scottish economy. Of course, we have a massive challenge ahead of us, as all countries do, to recover the economy from Covid. At the record, over recent years, the Scottish economy outperforms the UK on productivity. We have seen a growth in the number of employers paying the accredited living wage. We saw our target to reduce youth unemployment, although, with the Covid challenge now, we have established the young person's guarantee. We have expanded modern apprenticeships. We have set out an infrastructure investment plan with over £26 billion of investments to drive a green recovery, create jobs, stimulate supply chains and support for exporters that have been delivered by this Government in the face of Tory Brexit. Of course, Scotland is now the only part of the UK with a positive trade balance in goods. Of course, Scotland has been the top UK destination for foreign direct investment outside of London for every single one of the past six years. That is the record of this Government on the economy, and we look forward now to building on that, working in partnership with businesses that are the length and breadth of the country. I join other party leaders in expressing our horror and heartbreak at the continually devastating scenes that we see in Ukraine. We unequivocally stand in solidarity with the people of Ukraine in defence of democracy, of human rights and their peace and freedom. We again recognise the unjustifiable and unprovoked attack from Vladimir Putin, and I urge all Governments across the world to do everything that they can to put pressure on him and his regime. I also want to pay tribute to the countless number of individuals and organisations across our country who have been doing collections over the past week. I thank them for everything that they are doing. We all feel frustrated, we all feel like we want to act. One way that we can act is by supporting the Disasters Emergency Committee's appeal on Ukraine. The First Minister has already set out the details of how people can support that. They can go online to deac.org.uk and donate online, or they can text support to 70150. We will never forget the people of Ukraine and will continue to support them throughout this tragedy. Last week, data from Public Health Scotland confirmed that there are now over 680,000 people on an NHS waiting list. That is one in eight Scots waiting for hospital appointments, diagnoses and procedures. This week, new workforce figures revealed that there were over 6,600 vacant nursing and midwifery posts, the worst on record. The Royal College of Nursing report that staff feel they are asked to do more with less and care is hugely undermined by the lack of staff. This is a dangerous mix, growing waiting lists and record staff shortages. First Minister, after 15 years, why have you still failed to deliver a credible workforce plan for our NHS? First Minister, waiting times have increased over the course of the pandemic. They have increased because, during Covid, the NHS has been able to see and treat fewer non-Covid patients. However, as we now hopefully come out of Covid and focus on the NHS recovery plan, we want to get the NHS back on to a normal footing so that it can see patients more quickly and start to reduce those waiting times. The Government is very focused on that. In terms of staffing, there are serious recruitment challenges for the NHS in Scotland, as there is indeed for hill services across the UK. Of course, Scotland has, as a result of the actions taken by this Government since 2007, record staffing numbers in place. The numbers that I am about to cite, Presiding Officer, are exclusive of vacancies, so those are staff that are actually in post. NHS staffing is up by 28,700 whole-time equivalents. That is a 22.6 per cent increase since the Government took office. That takes it to a record high. NHS Scotland has higher staffing per head than we see in NHS England. There are 28.5 whole-time equivalents per 100,000 people here, compared to just 21.4 in England. Nursing midwifery staffing is also at a record high, up by 14.5 per cent since the Government took office. That is the action that we have taken. Of course, the challenges that we face now are even greater, and we are focused on meeting those. Investing in the wellbeing of our staff, making sure that we do not lose staff from our national health service, that they are well supported, making sure that our agenda for change staff are the best paid anywhere in the UK, and working with NHS boards on recruitment campaigns. One of the big challenges that we face is a shortage of labour exacerbated by Brexit, so we are focused on all of that in the NHS and across social care as well. We will continue to get on with the job of supporting our national health service as we go further into the recovery from Covid. There were 450,000 people on an NHS waiting list before the pandemic, and the question is not if we have more staff, it is whether we have enough staff. If failure to plan has consequences. If the First Minister does not want to listen to me, maybe she will listen to one of those 680,000 patients. Ricky, a former miner, has chronic spinal pain and has regular spinal injections, but has been waiting nine months. As a result of his condition, he needs neurological treatment. He has been told that he needs to wait at least a year for an appointment with a neurosurgeon and at least eight months to access an MRI scan. He is in so much pain that he is having to pay £300 per appointment with a private doctor. Things are now so bad that he is considering remortgaging his house to pay for the surgery that he may need. First Minister, Ricky is not alone. There are hundreds of thousands of people waiting for NHS treatment and struggling to cope. That undermines the very founding principles of our NHS. First Minister, warm words and quoting stats will not cut it. When will you wake up to the reality of facing too many Scots? I am setting out the actions that the Government is taking, because I do not believe that Ricky's experience or the experience of anybody else waiting too long for NHS treatment is acceptable. I think that people understand the immense challenges that have been faced by the NHS over the past two years. Anna Sarwar talks with some justification about the wider challenges in the NHS and the pre-pandemic progress, but the fact is that we were making progress in reducing waiting times before the pandemic, so we have seen, for example, the numbers waiting over 12 weeks for outpatient appointments before the pandemic had fallen by 32 per cent. The medium wait for inpatient and day-case treatment had fallen by 8.3 per cent. That is the progress that was being made before the pandemic, and I think that everybody understands the impact that the pandemic has had. I do not believe that there are sufficient staff in the NHS, which is why the SNP manifesto at the election this time last year, committed to an additional 1500 staff being recruited on top of the record number that we already have in place. We are working hard to ensure that we can meet those recruitment targets. We are focused on the NHS recovery plan of building capacity in our NHS by 10 per cent to help with that recovery process and making sure that existing staff are well supported, that they are as well paid as we can deliver within our resources and that we recruit more NHS staff. That is what we are getting on with. I think that what people across the country, on waiting lists or anybody else for that matter, want to hear is what the Government is doing. That is what I am setting out today, and we will continue to set out and indeed continue to be held to account for. The actions are not good enough and they do not go far enough. Scottish Labour has modelled the Government's NHS recovery plan that the First Minister just referenced and backed up by independent analysis of that modelling. Even if you manage to deliver all the promised increases to activity, waiting lists will actually still continue to grow. In four years' time, by the end of the Government's recovery plan, there could be over 430,000 patients waiting for an outpatient appointment. That is 11,000 more than are waiting today. At the same time—and the same is true—for inpatient procedures, under the Government's plan, as many as 153,000 people could be on a waiting list. That is 30,000 more than are waiting today. A catch-up plan surely means less people rather than more people on a waiting list. After 15 years of neglecting our NHS, it is the best that the First Minister has to offer a flawed recovery plan that will actually make waiting lists longer. I think that Annas Sarwar's reference to Labour's modelling. I would be very interested to see the basis of that. Perhaps it shows his oversimplification of the plans that are in place, because building capacity is a key part of the NHS recovery plan, but it is not the only part. It is also redesigning and modernising how people get care and making sure that people are getting care as close to home as possible. Our investment recently, for example, in hospital at home, is better for patients and better for the NHS. The redesign of urgent care programme makes sure that hospital stays legitimately and appropriately can be shorter. Building up social care so that fewer people end up in the NHS because the services that they need are not there in the social care sector. The 10 per cent increase in capacity is a really important plank of the recovery strategy, but I suggest to Annas Sarwar that it is not the only part. We are focused on finding the solutions. What was missing—I appreciate that he is in opposition and I am in Government—is for the Government to find solutions, but what was missing from all three of Annas Sarwar's questions was a single suggestion beyond what we are doing already. We will continue to ensure that we are taking the proper actions to support our NHS into recovery so that patients like Ricky and the many others who are waiting too long for treatment right now get quicker treatment and that our NHS is on a sustainable basis for the future that we all want to see. I am going to move to supplementaries. I will be really grateful for short and succinct questions and responses. I call Gordon MacDonald. Thank you, Presiding Officer. Does the First Minister agree that Scottish communities have demonstrated that they are fully prepared and willing to engage in a resettlement scheme for recranians that matches the scale and severity of the current crisis? Will the Scottish Government continue to push the UK Government to urgently implement a more ambitious scheme to support those fleeing this appalling war on our continent? Yes, I do. I hope that we will have unity across the chamber on that issue. I support the actions that the UK Government has taken in the light of Russia's invasion of Ukraine. The sanctions have been admirably tough. I think that they can be tougher still, and I think that the Prime Minister and the UK Government agree with that. I also recognise the movement that has been made on the issue of refugees over the past few days, but I think that that can and needs on a moral humanitarian basis to go much further. The estimates that we are getting rapidly cost a million people already displaced from Ukraine as they are fleeing the horror that is unfolding there. We, in common with countries across the democratic world, have a moral humanitarian obligation to play our part in addressing that. I appeal directly to the Prime Minister to follow the example of the Republic of Ireland—to follow the example now of the whole European Union—and allow anyone fleeing the horror in Ukraine entry to the UK if they wish, and let's deal with the paperwork later. Let's operate now first and foremost on the basis of that humanitarian obligation. This week, Robert Habeck, the economic minister and member of the Green Party in Germany's ruling coalition, signalled that Germany will drop its opposition to German-based nuclear-generated energy. If even the Greens in Germany see the sense in generating nuclear energy domestically, isn't it time for the Scottish Government to drop its ideological objection to Scottish-based nuclear generation in favour of a more informed scientific approach? No, I think that we should build our energy mix based on Scotland's assets and Scotland's priorities. Germany, for example, does not have anywhere near the renewable potential that Scotland has. For example, offshore wind is a massive potential for Scotland, so let's continue to build our low-carbon renewable energy mix and do it in a way that is right for Scotland. Vladimir Ellison is one of the richest men in Russia and has been on the US Treasury Department's Putin list of non-cremlon associates since 2018. He is also the owner of a 3,000-acre estate here in Scotland at Aberuchol. That estate has received just under £700,000 of agricultural subsidies between 2016 and 2019. Can I ask the First Minister if the Scottish Government will urgently review the agricultural payment system and any other relevant payment system to ensure that no member of the Russian elite, no-cremlon associate, is in receipt of public money here in Scotland? Yes, I will ensure that that review happens. In fact, I can advise Parliament that I have sought urgent advice on the maximum possible action that the Scottish Government can take within our powers against individuals and entities, identifying as having close links with the Russian regime, whether they are currently on the UK sanctions list options that will be examined, include but are not limited to ending support from the public purse and seizing assets in Scotland, where that is possible. Of course, we will keep Parliament fully updated. I can also confirm to Parliament that the Scottish Government will today write an open letter to Scottish businesses and business organisations asking them to ensure. Of course, it is a matter for businesses, but we will encourage them beyond direct investments, which we would hope businesses would divest themselves of. We will review operations for links and connections to Russia, however, in direct, and then savor those links. I can tell Parliament that the Scottish Government and our economic agencies will not support trade and investment activity with Russia. We will, of course, support businesses as they adapt to remove any and all links with Russia. The immediate closure of the Oddingston factory has plunged 200 workers into redundancy, and they feel betrayed after years of broken promises. They fear that they will not get their wages this week, with Alasdair Salveson, one of Scotland's wealthiest men, claiming that there are no funds to pay them. The baker's food and allied workers union are working tirelessly to support their members, and some, thankfully, have found other work this week. However, with a cost of living crisis biting, no one should be shortchanged at this present time. One angry worker told me last night that there was no Christmas bonus, no support through Covid, not even a slice of fish. What urgent action is the Government taking to support those workers? The men and women who helped to feed donations during the pandemic should not be forced to use food banks. I absolutely agree with the sentiments of that question. Like others, I was very concerned to learn that Don French Holdings had entered administration, and I would absolutely call for the fairest possible treatment of workers of that company. Scottish Enterprise spoke with the administrators yesterday to better understand the situation and to provide whatever support it can to help the business and, indeed, to help the workers. We will work with the administrators to understand all the potential options for the business going forward and to explore all the possibilities to rescue jobs. Of course, the Government's partnership action for continuing employment and pace will offer any necessary support to the workforce that is affected and who may be facing redundancy. Don French is in my constituency in Erdingsdon-Bells hill. As Ms Lennon referred to, the vented administration this week. Despite concerted efforts by the Scottish Government-owned Office, South Lancer Council and Scottish Enterprise to support a takeover deal that would have maintained Erdingsdon operation and continued to employ every worker there. Can I ask the Scottish Government what efforts will be made to revitalise those efforts to continue seafood production at Erdingsdon? What work will be gone on locally to support those local workers who are really, sadly, facing redundancy currently? I thank Stephanie Callaghan for that question. I can also take the opportunity to acknowledge how active she and her office have been on behalf of her constituents on the issue. The Scottish Enterprise and the Scottish Government will give support to the exploration of all possible options that might allow the business to continue in some form and that might allow jobs to be saved and protected. As I said in my earlier answer, in parallel to that, we will provide as much support as possible to those workers who are affected and who might be facing a redundancy situation. Of course, the business minister would be happy to meet Stephanie Callaghan and other MSPs who cover the area on a regional basis to keep them updated on those efforts. A concerned constituent contacted me following appalling overcrowding on the board Israel last Saturday. The 10.30 train from Tweedbank was cancelled and the 11.30 train had just two carriages with standing room only from Gallatheals. As a result, no fares were collected and passengers were crammed in carriages with no social distancing and very limited mask wearing. The train could not pick up passengers on the route by passing stations. First Minister, this is absolutely unacceptable. Why hasn't the Scottish Government implemented the changes promised to boarder's passenger services years ago? Obviously, the situation that has been narrated there does seem to be unacceptable. I am not aware of the particular circumstances that led to this at the weekend, but I will ask ScotRail for an explanation and ScotRail what actions it is taking to avoid a repeat of that. I will ask the transport minister to write to the member once we have that information. To ask the First Minister what the date on the Scottish Government's plans to replace carers allowance with a devolved benefit. We published a consultation on Monday's setting out proposals for how Scottish Carers assistance will improve support for more than 80,000 of Scotland's unpaid carers. That is, of course, in recognition of their vital contribution. Our proposals have been developed with carers and support organisations. The consultation is an opportunity for people to continue to shape this important benefit. It sets out how we will deliver and improve service, providing more stable support and also a new payment worth £520 a year for those caring for more than one person. Of course, that is in addition to the uncare grant and the carers allowance supplement. We are working with the Department for Work and Pensions right now to ensure that we can launch and deliver this new benefit as quickly as possible. I thank the First Minister for that answer. During the pandemic, 1.1 million of our fellow Scots have become unpaid carers. As a society, we owe them so much. There is cross-party support across the Parliament for the extension of support for when a caring role ends due to bereavement, as well as support for when cared for people are in hospital or residential care. Can I ask the First Minister if she will commit for the potential reforms to be included in the next programme for government? The first thing that we need to do, of course, is to secure the safe and effective transition of this benefit so that people's payments continue. We have also set out views on priority changes that we want to make to the benefit when it is possible to do so. For example, there are five of those removing education restrictions so that full-time students can get the benefit, allowing carers to add together our spent caring for more than one person. Increasing the time carers receive payments after the death of a cared-for person, making payments for longer when a cared-for person goes into hospital or care, and increasing the amount of carers can earn and still get support. We are taking views on those options. I hope that members across the chamber and across the country will respond to that so that we can build a system that is fit for unpaid carers because the contribution that they make to our society is immense and we owe them a huge debt of gratitude. I welcome that the Scottish Government is planning on delivering this new benefit in a caring and compassionate way in line with our ethos and that the Scottish Government intends to make further improvements for carers. Can the First Minister confirm how much recipients in Scotland already receive compared to carers south of the border because of the Scottish Government's carers allowance supplement? It is important that our social security system is based on dignity, respect and fairness and that we deliver the maximum support to people who most need it. I think that that has been shown with our carers allowance supplement, which was the first benefit that we introduced with new powers in 2018. Since then, around 126,000 carers have received payments. Last year, carers got just under £700 more than carers in the rest of the UK through the supplement. Of course, that included the extra payment in December to help with the impact of Covid. Those who have been receiving carers allowance continuously since 2018 will have received more than £2,270 more than carers in the rest of the UK in the past three years. Of course, we have also introduced a young carer grant for younger carers. That is a sign of what we can do when powers lie in this Parliament, which is why I want to see so many more powers come to this Parliament and not lie at Westminster. I take a brief supplementary. Last year, you doubled the carers allowance supplement to recognise the increased support that unpaid carers had to provide during the pandemic. Will you double it again this year and until you create the new carers allowance? We will consider all those things carefully. Of course, there were additional consequentials made available to us because of Covid, which are not being continued. Any moves to do that will mean that we have to take the money from elsewhere in our budget. I think that I have made it very clear, and I think that people across the chamber are of this view that the debt that we owe to unpaid carers is so significant that we have to consider very seriously everything that we can possibly do to help them. As the First Minister, in light of the steps that have been taken to return to normality after the Covid-19 pandemic, what extra help has been provided to support people's mental health? Right throughout the pandemic, mental health has been at the forefront of our thinking, and our transition and recovery plan that was published in October 2020, backed by our £120 million recovery and renewal fund, will transform services with a renewed focus on prevention and early intervention. Funding already allocated includes £40 million for children and adolescent mental health services, £21 million for grass-roots community groups via Communities Mental Health and Well-being Fund for adults and £5 million for increased capacity in the NHS 24 mental health hub. Looking forward, we will continue to address the mental health harms caused by Covid. The updated strategic framework commits to ensuring that improving mental health and well-being is an underpinning principle as we take strategic decisions. Evidence on the likely effects on mental health will also be specifically assessed as part of our future decision-making. I thank the First Minister for that comprehensive answer. Last month, the Health, Social Care and Sport Committee, I convene, finished taking evidence on the health of our children and young people. Unsurprisingly, early intervention to prevent mental health issues becoming acute was mentioned frequently. The school councillors were highlighted as a very positive move in that regard. I want to ask what more has been done to improve early intervention opportunities for those who leave the support of school or leave care, still young people but entering adulthood and potentially particularly vulnerable to the effects of the psychological stresses of the pandemic that have faced? First Minister. I first agree wholeheartedly that early intervention and prevention are central to supporting the mental health and well-being of children and young people. In addition to school councillors that Gillian Martin referred to, this year we've provided £15 million of funding to local authorities to deliver locally-based mental health and well-being support for 5 to 24-year-olds in their communities. We've also funded the I Feel and Mind Your Time web resources, which provide information to young people on a range of mental health and well-being topics. We know that providing young people with good opportunities when they do leave education or care has a significant impact on their health and well-being. We've also built that into the young person's guarantee. We've provided up to £75 million to local employability partnerships via local authorities to provide employability support, including mental health support to young people aged 16 to 24. A report published today by the Mental Health Foundation highlights that mental ill health costs Scotland around £8.8 billion a year, while we know referrals for psychological and mental health services have now exceeded pre-pandemic levels. What action is the Scottish Government taking to improve mental health prevention and reduce the time spent on waiting lists? I've set out already, in response to Gillian Martin, much of the action that we are taking. We are focusing much more now on early intervention and prevention. That is the case, particularly for CAMHS services, but also for adult services as well. We are investing significantly in mental health services generally. Of course, I believe that Governments have a duty, as far as Governments possibly can, and that can't be done absolutely, is to remove some of the causes of mental health challenges for people, which right now will be being exacerbated by poverty and the cost of living crisis. Giving money to people who most need it, rather than, as some other Governments are doing, taking away money from people who most need it, is an important part of supporting people to prevent mental health difficulties that come from the worry of wondering how they are going to feed their children or provide in other ways. That is an important part of the bigger picture here as well. To ask the First Minister what the Scottish Government's responses to the information commissioner's office recently issued a reprimand to it and NHS National Services Scotland in relation to the Covid-19 status app. Throughout the pandemic, the Governments continually had to make tough decisions aimed at minimising transmission of the virus and helping to keep people safe and indeed alive. The NHS Scotland Covid status app is an important tool in our response to Covid and has played a vital public health role during the latter stages of the pandemic. We accept the outcome of the ICO's investigation and that the privacy information notice in the app could have been made clearer to users about how their information would be used. However, I must stress that, at all times, people's data was held securely and personal information was not compromised. Together with NHS National Services Scotland, we are working with the ICO to implement the improvements on transparency that it has asked for and ensure that any necessary lessons are learned for future work. The First Minister was warned, but some might say as usual that she thought that she knew better than everyone else. An apology to the people of Scotland is in order at very least. People trusted the Scottish Government with their personal data, but the ICO has had to reprimand the Scottish Government for misleading us about how that data would be used. That is a betrayal of trust. Why should the people now trust the Scottish Government? Those are important issues, but I do not think that anybody contributes to them by grossly overstating them or exaggerating them to the point of almost misrepresenting them in the way that Stephen Kerr has done. Let me repeat for the reassurance of people listening to this, who are actually interested in the substance. At all times, people's data was held securely and personal information was not compromised. What the ICO has said, and the reprimand at the lower end of the sanctions that the ICO has available to it, is that the paperwork could have been clearer. We could have made it clearer to users in the privacy information notice about how their information would be used, and we accept that. At a time when every single day the Government is everywhere, we are taking decisions to protect people from a potentially deadly virus. In this instance, yes, we could have made the paperwork slightly clearer. I accept that, but do you know what we are taking? We are taking the right decisions to try to keep people in the country as safe as possible. To ask the First Minister how the Scottish Government plans to mark eating disorders awareness week 2022. Earlier this week, the Minister for Mental Well-being and Social Care visited Beatt, the UK's eating disorder charity's helpline service, and took part in the member's business debate for eating disorder awareness week 2022. At this, he highlighted our work to implement recommendations made in the national review of eating disorder services, including the establishment of an implementation group and investment of £5 million to support the recommendations. We have also announced further funding of over £300,000 in 2022-23 for Beatt, and that will enable additional services to be rolled out across Scotland. I thank the First Minister for that answer. On Tuesday, I led the member's debate on eating disorders awareness, and I highlighted that one in 50 people in Scotland are living with an eating disorder. Could the First Minister provide any additional information on what the Scottish Government is doing to improve the outcomes for people with an eating disorder? Will she join me in encouraging people who are worried about an eating disorder or who are living with an eating disorder to contact Beatt for help by calling 0808 801 043 2, or by visiting Beatt's website? First, I congratulate Emma Harper on leading the member's debate. I absolutely agree with her on access to Beatt services, and she has very helpfully given the contact details. In terms of the action that the Government is taking on building on what I said in my initial answer, the implementation group was established to take forward the recommendations made by the review that it most recently met last Friday to discuss progress so far and next steps. The implementation group has taken forward a comprehensive work plan focused on training and skills, quality standards and data improvement, and the mental wellbeing minister is attending the group's next meeting to discuss areas where further improvements need to be made. I would absolutely encourage anyone who feels the need to support for disordered eating to seek help from friends and families, a medical professional or support services such as Beatt, and the additional funding that I mentioned in my earlier answer for Beatt will allow additional services to be delivered. Those include expansion of helpline support, specific binge eating disorder support services, and additional training for GPs and healthcare professionals. To ask the First Minister what urgent steps will be taken to address lung disease in Scotland in light of the reported comments of Astma and Lung UK Scotland. At the state of lung health in Scotland is shameful, with over 7,000 people dying a year. First I thank Astma and Lung UK for their new fighting for breath strategy and for the very important work that they do to support people with respiratory conditions. Respiratory disease is a Scottish Government clinical priority. We are committed to ensuring that people living with respiratory conditions receive the best possible care and treatment to enable them to live longer, healthier and independent lives. The first respiratory care action plan for Scotland was published last year. It sets out our priorities and commitments for driving improvement in the prevention, diagnosis, care, treatment and support of people living with those conditions. The plan also works alongside existing prevention strategies, including our air quality and tobacco strategies, which help to address the root causes of lung disease. I thank the First Minister for that answer, and I know that she references the publication of the respiratory care action plan. Indeed, it is now one year since the publication of that plan. However, implementation of the plan has slowly progressed, indeed, with the creation of the Scottish respiratory advisory committee. On the issue of funding of the RCAP, no commitments have yet been made. Will the First Minister make clear how much funding will be allocated to the implementation of the RCAP in order to improve Scotland's lung health? I thank you for working closely with the Scottish Respiratory Advisory Committee, which includes Aspen and Lung UK, to develop an implementation programme. That will help us to understand the funding that is required to deliver on the plans, commitments and priorities. We will make announcements about funding in due course as we do that work. The committee has identified three key priorities for year 1, which are firstly, child to adult transition services, secondly, pulmonary rehabilitation and thirdly, data. We have also provided the alliance with some funding to support the establishment of a lived experience respiratory network. I know that the health secretary will keep Parliament updated of further developments. That concludes First Minister's questions. There will be a brief pause before members' business.