Autolight and its 98,000 dealers bring you Mr. Jeff Chandler in tonight's presentation of Suspense. Tonight, Autolight presents a true story, the report of two murders, and the heroic man responsible for these necessary atrocities. It's called Death at Scrakerood Pond, our star Mr. Jeff Chandler. $100,000 in cash. This is Harlow Wilcox asking if you've signed up for the great Autolight family charity drawing. $100,000 will be given away to the churches, hospitals, or other recognized local or national charities picked by the 25 persons selected in this huge drawing. And there's no obligation except writing your name and address. Before we tell you how to enter, here's what Mr. Bruce Palmer, Executive Chairman of the United Defense Fund, has to say about this Autolight family drawing. This offer deserves the attention of everyone interested in helping his fellow man. I hope that the United Defense Fund, which includes the USO activities, will benefit too. But no matter what your favorite charity, I urge you to enter this Autolight drawing. Thank you, Mr. Palmer. Friends, just visit any of the following Autolight family car dealer showrooms. DeSoto, Hudson, Plymouth, Studebaker Dodge, Willis, Nash, Packard, Kaiser, or Chrysler. Fill out the registration form at any of these dealers, and you may help your favorite recognized charity get a major share of $100,000. And now, Autolight presents transcribed Death at Scrakerude Pond, a true story starring Mr. Jeff Chandler as Arnie, hoping once again to keep you in suspense.  The train was up. The train is not moving. You and the blood, and the train is not moving. But screams like something... Close the door. Close the door, not Chandler. Yes.  George, George, do you hear me? I'm not badly hurt, father. Let me see. No, no, you're not.   Get him from the floor. Yes. Put your arm above my neck, George. And I hear. Now, what have you done? I've helped to blow up the train. The Nazi troop train. And in running away, you were shot. Yes. Let him alone. I'm sorry. I... Can you walk? Yes. Yes, I think so. Come on. Come on. I'll help you. Come on, Mrs. Helman. We're taking him out of the country, first to a doctor, and then outside, the undercurrent. The undercurrent. And there's victory, mother. Papa. No! Get off! Make love. Let them go. Let them go. There was a trail of blood. I followed it here. We'll go back to bed. To shiver with fright. Go to bed and stare at the dark and wait for the knock on the door in the Gestapo. Stare in the dark and think gambits. Think of clever things to say to the Gestapo such as what? My son, a member of the underground? My son? Surely there is a mistake. Or I have no son, Lieutenant. Therefore you cannot arrest me for something this boy has done. Will these be your thoughts, too, Anna, when you go to bed? The same. For surely they will come. They will come and knock on the door and they will drag us from our home and send us where? Perhaps to Germany and Dachauanna to burn. Niklas, these are the thoughts I have. Because of our son. Anna, because of our son. Yes. Now he's been recognized and he said. Yes. They will come here. They will come. We can go to bed now and stare at the dark. At least now we know this will be the last time. No. What are you doing? Quiet! This is all the money in the house? Yes, but the bank, we have so much more. Twelve thousand Krona. Suddenly I am a pauper. Anna. What is it? Your jewelry. Get it. But why? All of it. Get your things together. We're getting out of here, across the border. They'll take us across the underground. They have to, they have to. You understand me, honey? You are the Patriots. And you, the sellers of freedom. And Mrs. Helman and I have come to bargain and buy. I've told you the borders are closed. The Nazi patrols swarm. I don't know, Mr. Helman. You don't know. Your underground has helped hundreds to escape. Less worthy, yet you walk at us. Why? What do you think, handsome? I think this, Arnie. The Gestapo has searched for us two years now. These people coming here have made it easy for them. Let's have nothing to do with them. And I think this. If you do not help us, if you do not lead us across the border into Sweden, then I will report you to the Gestapo. I personally will tell them who you are, where you hide. No, wait! Wait! No, he did not mean that. My husband, Miklas, did not... You heard him. He did not mean it. He is frightened and he is desperate and he does not know what he says. Do not beg of them, Anna. We are not their beggars. Please, Miklas, I will not beg. I will tell them of us. Thirty years we have lived in your country, Mr. Arnie, Mr. Hansen, with pride, with respect, with love for the things of your country. And because my son has spilled blood for this country, we now must flee it and begin another life. And we are not young. But we are rich. And we will pay you well for this new life, more than any of the others. We are rich. We will pay you well. We are not in this to make profit on sorrow, Mrs. Helman. Heroes, then, is what you are. Listen to me. It's not good, Arnie. I tell you, it's not good. Listen to me. This new life you are, it lies through bitter wilderness and savage hardships and swamp and cold. Be eloquent, Arnie. Be eloquent.  Good try, Hansen. How? I know a way through the forest, a way unused before, where Skrykerud pardoned us. Maybe we could... Yes, I think we could. Good. Then it is settled. You see, Anna, it is simply a matter of bargaining. One knows how to bargain. One lives. Get your things together. We're getting out right now. Quickly. At your command, Arnie. At your command. What's the matter? I... I... I cannot go farther. I cannot. You have to keep going, Mrs. You heard her. We will rest here. Listen to me. It's taken us almost seven hours to go three miles. There are still twenty miles to the Swedish border and there are Nazi patrols that will be lightened in an hour. You take us for animals, for beasts. We will rest here and we will eat something. You hear me? We will rest and we will eat. Where is the food? Hansen. Arnie. We've got to keep moving. We're going to rest here, Flo. Get... Get some of the food out of your pack. Look, Arnie. Get it. Here, take this, Mrs. Helman. Mr. Helman. This is food. This, that one, throws to pigs leaving the gutter. This, you ask us to eat. It's all we have. You want it? No. No. I have much better here. Here in my flask.  Get up at his nearly light and twenty miles to go. No. The patrol will be by here soon we're still... Live with it then, Arnie. We cannot move. Must. This way you endanger the lives of hundreds of others.   And if we do, I will save my life and my wife's life for what I can tend them. Rest here for a while. Thoughtful hero. Generous hero. Hanson, come over here. Hanson, yes? They can destroy us and the underground. The lives of other men and women who believe with us. Yes. Destroy what their own son has fought for in the plant. Yes. Enemies then. Yes. We are at war. I have fought these things when I carried her on my back and then him. And I wondered how long for you to think all this... was rock under the snow there. Hanson, take it from the snow. And this one for me. And when we are across the border, Miklas, they will be for us. Old man who is dead.  And I am sorry. For them the border reached and an end to wilderness and freedom and vast stillness. Understand, old man, old woman? The only stillness we can give you. Because this time is what it is. It is done, Hanson. How quickly we go home. Autolight is bringing you, Mr. Jeff Chandler, in Death at Scrykerud Pond, tonight's presentation in Radio's Outstanding Theatre of Thrill's Suspense.  Well, Hab, tonight it's our privilege to honor distinguished truck manufacturing members of the Autolight family. And along with them the entire trucking industry. It covers a lot of ground, Harlow. And so do America's trucks. Hab, over 90 billion miles last year alone. Why, Hab, do you know that trucks move more tons of goods than any other form of transportation? Yes, Harlow. And did you know that the trucking industry recently celebrated its 50th anniversary of service to America? Right. And during those 50 years our trucks have become marvels of ruggedness and dependability. That's due to the unique design and manufacturing skills of the truck manufacturers we salute tonight. And let's not forget the men who drive those trucks, Harlow. They've got the world's finest safety record. They sure do, Hab. And that's another reason why Autolight wishes to take this opportunity to express appreciation for our many years of close association to truck manufacturer members of the Autolight family and their dealers everywhere. And now, Autolight brings back to our Hollywood soundstage Mr. Jeff Chandler of Death at Scrakerude Pond, a true story well calculated to keep you in suspense. Drink alone, Arnie. Drink with me. Yes, Helga. Victory drink, Arnie. For the end to war and again a time of peace we once knew. And you and my brothers then Hanson to live as you were meant to live. The bells of our village, the small bells and the great. You hear them, Arnie? Yes. Once long ago they rang. To you, Arnie. And to my brother. To your brother, Sven Hanson. Who is brave and a good man and who fought for us for the women and the children of women who fought and bled and blessed us again with peace. My brother and you, Arnie. There were others. My brother and you. Drink with me, Arnie. And may I also drink to you, Arnie, as Helga drinks to you as all do in your house. You are welcome here, Kurt. Drink, dance. Whatever thing your joy will have. To you, Arnie. And to your fine house and your warm friends. But I look about and I do not see a certain warm friend. Soldier friend. Underground friend. Oh, who? The friend of the sabotage train of many years ago. The friend George Hellman. Where is he, Arnie? I don't know. And a lost son brings to mind the father and the mother. The old people and their money. Jewels they had, it is said, and many kroner. And now the old people are lost. And there is wonder of them. And you have fine things in your house. The kroner, Arnie. The kroner and jewels of the Hellman's. Where, Arnie? That you bought with them, the lamp and that. Now I must teach you another thing. Not to lay your murderers hands upon me. Enough, Arnie. Enough. Get out of my house. Full days of war. Shouts and sobbing. Dead. Many years now. Underground and explosion brighter sunburst. Out crying alone in a snow field. Wondering alone in a snow field. They are dead. You hear me, Arnie? The old days are dead. Forgotten. Helga. Quickly. I have brought you extra clothing and food. Why, Helga? Why do you... The body of Nicholas Hellman. And of Anna, the old woman, his wife. The villager found them at Scrapperwood Pond. Clothes and food for us? Why? Warrants have been issued for the arrest of their murderers. It is what they have named it. They too have forgotten the old days, the days of war. They call it murder. I told you. I'll tell them. Run. Hide. No. Take my brother with you and go. I'll tell them what happened. I'll convince them. You'll not convince them. These are other days, and they have forgotten how it was. Sven and I did what had to be done. There was no shame in it. Then tell Sven to go, my brother. Tell him. Sven. What you say, Arnie, that I will do as in the old days. Go, Sven. Go. What Arnie said, there was no shame in it. It was a thing of war, of need. Then we stay. Let them come. How do you plead? I confess freely to having caused the death of Mr. and Mrs. Hellman. However, to the charge of murder, I plead not guilty. And Sven Hansen? How do you plead? It was with Arnie, Leuchan. The Hellman's died because of me. Yet I did not commit murder. There was nothing else we could do. So we did it. Why couldn't you let them try to reach the border themselves? They would never have made it. Come now, Mr. Hansen. Men have crossed Greenland on foot. Those old people. Consider what you have said. Those old people. Yet you killed them. Something obscene. Not so. There is nothing else we could do. Nor could they have crossed another hundred yards on foot. That, of course, is your opinion. I suggest, Mr. Hansen, that you had other motives that made it necessary to kill. I suggest that these motives correspond with that which is most basic. Because the war is over. Because the mass killing is done. And the death of two solitary people is important. It's forgotten now that the Hellman's were our enemy or surely have... Enemy? How? How? They would have betrayed us. It would have meant the end of the whole underground. And yet, of course, is conjecture. Mr. Lichen. Arnie Lichen, tell me a thing. It concerns motive, Mr. Lichen. I told you. It concerns motive, Mr. Lichen. Both you and Mr. Hansen have repeatedly stated that your only motive was to silence the Hellman's. Is that correct? Yes. Truly? Yes. Not to rob them? No. Not to rob this unfortunate couple of the money they had brought with them? No. Nor their jewels? Nor their jewels, Mr. Lichen? Mr. Lichen? Days of how long ago, Mr. Prosecutor, when death leaned close to every man and beckoned? When death was a Nazi, when to trick the brown-shirted man with a club with... You are quite right, sir. It was long ago. Now it is done with. Now the return to dignity, which is why you are here. Prosecutor respectfully requests the court to grant recess until tomorrow. Court will adjourn until tomorrow. Struck them down in cold blood. Then did you or did you not go through their belongings and search for the money? Over a hundred thousand kroner? No. You did not go through their belongings? We searched them for papers. We wanted to destroy their papers so they could not be identified if they were found. And you found the money? And we found the money. And not being murderers, not being killers with malicious motives, rather gentle people, murderers to rest of old folk who, by some misadventure of age, happen not to be able to walk twenty miles, therefore you did not take the money. What do you want me to say? What? What? That you did not take the money. We took the money. Oh? We took the money. There was not a lot of it. Only... Only twelve thousand kroner. Listen. The real motive then? Listen to... Silence them. Take their money. Throw them into the lake. That is not true. Well then forgive me which part of it is not true. That you did not take their money. That you did not throw them in the lake. That you did not kill them. Listen. Kill them. There will be silence in my courtroom. Kill them. Who is it who speaks? Olson. Canute Olson and well you know me. And since it is you respected citizen, there is no need to tell you that it is a spectator. No longer spectator, sir. Man with compulsion to speak certain facts. I request permission to address the court. Very well. Kill them I say. These two men killed the Helmens, took their lives from them. No doubt of it. Mr. Olson. Mr. Olson. Mark, what you said sir. Mr. The Q to it all. And what was my fanciful name when there was war here? Myself I can hardly remember. Avenger was it or Snowhawk? I cannot remember all of them. Code names that changed each week. Head of the underground myself with childish names to help fight a war. To shield me so to live in the long... All of those here remember that you were... Heroic. Did you want to say that? The soldier fighter for liberty? No less than these two men who killed. Heroes, soldiers, fighters for liberty. Killed because they were under orders to kill those who brought liberty into jeopardy. And I gave those orders. This is what I needed to say. As your jury reached the verdict. Yes sir, we have. I'm the charge of murder of Mr. and Mrs. Nicholas Helman. We find the defendants Arnie Leuchan and Sven Hansen not guilty. It is customary sir that the accused upon his acquittal offer thanks to the foreman of the jury which tried him. So I wish to do this thing. From my heart I thank you. This too I must say. What happened at Skrykorut Pond, what was done there was done on the face of a bleeding world, a world at war. I was caught up in it and Sven and those two old people and you and all of us. Now it is done. A trial was held here today. Proof that humanity is with us again. I will go home now and make prayer. Let no one ever be called upon to do what I did. Let the world live in peace. Suspense. Presented by Autolight, tonight's star, Mr. Jeff Chandler. This is Harlow Wilcox again. Don't forget, you may help your favorite church, hospital, march of dimes, United Defense Fund or any other local or national charity to share in the $100,000 Autolight Family Charity Drawing. If you're one of 25 persons selected, you will name any recognized charity you wish for a big share of this huge sum. There's nothing to buy, write or solve. So if you're 18 years or over, visit any of the following dealer showrooms. DeSoto, Hudson, Plymouth, Studebaker, Dodge, Willis, Nash, Packard, Kaiser or Chrysler. Fill out a registration form and have the dealer sign it. That's all, but your favorite charity may have you to thank for a big part of $100,000. Those dealers are DeSoto, Hudson, Plymouth, Studebaker, Dodge, Willis, Nash, Packard, Kaiser or Chrysler. Help your favorite charity. Sign up tomorrow. Next week, we will dramatize an astounding experience. A man and a machine flung at a barrier of sound. It's called the Outer Limit, our star, Mr. William Holden. That's next week on Suspense. Suspense is transcribed and directed by Elliot Lewis, with music composed by Lucian Morrowick and conducted by Mark Lushkin. Death at Strykerud Farm was adapted for suspense by Morton Fine and David Friedkin with James P. Kavanaugh from Theodore Olson's report. Featured on tonight's cast were Paula Winslow, Herb Butterfield, Kathy Lewis, Byron Kane, Lou Merrill, Jack Krushen, Joseph Kearns and Herb Ellis. Jeff Chandler may currently be seen co-starring with Maureen O'Hara in Universal International's Technicolor Production War Arrow. And remember, next week, Mr. William Holden in The Outer Limit. This is the CBS Radio Network.


We're now going to take a look at solutions for convective boundary conditions under transient conduction for three different shapes. We're going to look at a slab, an infinite cylinder, and a sphere. In the previous segment what we did is we looked at the semi-infinite plate for three different boundary conditions and we came up with solutions. It was using a similarity variable and a similarity solution. But in this case there are other solutions. We'll be looking at approximations and it's actually a series solution that we look at the first few terms and that converges relatively quickly. And so the solutions we're going to look at will be in the forms of charts and in terms of an approximate solution using the equations. Before we can get to the solutions however what we need to do we need to introduce the nomenclature that we're going to be using for these solutions. So that's what we're going to be doing in this segment. And then in the subsequent segments we'll look step by step we'll begin with this slab then we'll look at the cylinder and the sphere. So the geometry that I refer to as the slab which is probably not technically correct but it's an infinite plate 2L thick and what we're going to be doing we're going to be solving for temperature first of all at the midplane as a function of time. And from that we will be able to get the spatial temperature. So temperature at some point off of the midplane at a specific time. And the last thing we'll be able to calculate is the heat loss from this slab up to a certain point in time whatever point of time we are examining. Now that's the infinite plate 2L thick and as I mentioned we're also going to be looking at a cylinder. And just like for this slab we will start by being able to determine the centerline temperature. And from that we'll be able to estimate the spatial temperature distribution as a function of radial location. And then just like for this slab we are going to be able to evaluate the heat loss. And the last shape that we will look at is that of the sphere. And just like for the previous two we will have the exact same three things that we will be able to estimate. Okay so those are the shapes that we're going to be looking at. And what I will do now is let's go through and take a look at the nomenclature. The nomenclature is very important when solving these problems. Beginning with the infinite plate. So the infinite plate is 2L thick and x is denoted from the centerline of our infinite plate. And in this t0 is going to be the centerline temperature. And we will introduce a variable x star. And that is going to be our spatial location non-dimensionalized divided by the length scale L. And the length scale is just L. And so that is the infinite plate looking at the cylinder. Okay so the cylinder is going to have an outer radius r0. And we will be interested when we look at the spatial temperature at location r, radial location r. And just like for the infinite plate we had x star here we will have r star which is going to be r divided by the outer radius. And the length scale that we deal with here is just the outer radius of our cylinder r0. And finally for the sphere the geometry that we will be using is as follows. Okay so we're interested in what is going on at some radial location r. The outer radius is r0 just like we had for the cylinder. T0 is the centerline temperature. r star is the non-dimensionalized radial location non-dimensionalized by the characteristic length scale which in this case is r0. The outer radius of our sphere. Okay so those are the some of the temperatures and spatial variables that we will have in our solution. Now a couple of other things that we need to be aware of and those are temperatures. We've already looked at the centerline temperature T0 but we have other temperatures the initial temperature. And that's going to be the temperature at tau or T less than zero. So before we change the convective boundary condition T infinity and h that describes the convective environment. So we assume that there is no convection at the beginning and then when we start we expose our either the slab the cylinder or the sphere to this new convective environment T infinity h. T0 we already saw and that is the centerline temperature. And then we introduce some values of theta which are differences in temperature and theta could either be the temperature at a given location so spatial and time minus the free stream that's if we're dealing with the slab or if we're dealing with either the cylinder or the sphere it would be expressed in the following way where we'd be evaluating temperature at a radial location. Theta i that is going to be our initial temperature minus the free stream. Theta 0 is going to be the centerline temperature minus the free stream. And we can also have a theta star and that is going to be theta divided by theta i or the initial temperature difference. Other numbers that we will be working with we have a couple of non-dimensional numbers that are very important in in heat transfer and especially transient heat transfer. And those are the Fourier number and it is given the symbol capital F o and it is the thermal diffusivity times time divided by our characteristic length scale squared. So it could either be l or r naught and another number that we have we saw this earlier when we were looking at the lump capacitance method. It is the bio number and that is bi and is the convective heat transfer coefficient times some characteristic length scale divided by the thermal conductivity of the solid that we are examining. So those are two other numbers that we'll be using. And then finally we'll be evaluating heat loss in the solids. And heat loss is referenced to some value of q naught and what that is rho cv so that is basically mc times delta t and the delta t is going to be the initial minus the free stream. So that's basically the total change potential change in energy possible change I should say going from the initial state to the new free stream state and ultimately in time the entire solid will eventually go to the value of t infinity but that's after all the transients have gone away. So those are some of the values that we're going to be using for the analysis here and what we're going to do in the next three segments we're going to look starting with the infinite plate and I will give you the approximate equations as well as the charts which are called the Heisler charts and then it will do the same for the cylinder and then for the sphere. And then in the next lecture what we're going to do is we're going to solve a problem with a sphere using both the approximate technique that we'll look at as well as the Heisler charts that's where we're going.


the recording here in just a moment already started great welcome okay so ah got it Olivier we'll take you too many too many cooks in the kitchen I let you finish I'll start taking notes all right so the agenda the proposed agenda topics I had Jenkins release candidate election status report Olivier since you're here that would be a great one for your your voice um user list moderation question this is a question that I raised that I'm happy I would love some like some guidance from the board on hacktoberfest progress and uh Google workspace for Jenkins oh like I assume it yeah that's you okay yes me just said it great okay it's a rather filler topic I haven't started the my only discussion that we have time why not okay any other topics we should be bringing to this session well I will let uh inclusive maybe initiative membership update oh yes yeah anything you need to share from cdf technical oversight committee all like okay uh in the beginning or in the end just okay placeholder if if it if it helps you share status there yeah I can do that any other topics on the agenda okay so this one is just FYI Jenkins the next LTS is the next the release candidate for the next LTS is ready for test um please feel free to go ahead and engage in the testing uh release will happen is expected to happen as scheduled Olivier you want to share with us election status report etc sure sorry so first um at this stage 53 people registered to participate to the election um that's a great number but I think we should find a way to do it better so um we need some ways to promote the election at at least more because at this stage we wrote a blood post we send message on mailing lists um I think can just promote it more on on Twitter um a feedback that I received many many times were coming from people that were asking if they were eligible like apparently it was not really clear enough if a contribution can count um for the election yeah this is a difference from the previous year because previous year we explicitly explained that there are any contribution counts and if you have concerns please contact us so we had this review process this year I guess we basically trust everyone who submits yeah they made some contribution but interesting enough yeah people yeah sorry yeah well I think it's an okay approach uh what we're missing is rather publicity uh so maybe we should do another round of LinkedIn announcements plus we can go Reddit plus we can also ask the continuous delivery foundation to help with marketing so we still have 10 days until the voting registration is over right so we so that's regarding registration that's true but we are also looking for nomination for board members and officer um and for that the deadline is in what is 31 of October because we want to have enough time to contact a different person to be sure that they are interested the good thing is we have several candidates for for almost every position um but compared to last year we receive less nomination so that's the same we should promote more um people to nominate candidates yeah so when so you plan to submit candidates to the Jenkins board on 31st right yes I don't I don't know if we should um communicate about the candidate as soon as possible once we get confirmation from them or if we just wait for 31 well uh previously we were doing a kind of runtime basis because if you communicate on 31st many people won't be able to respond and provide the statements in time plus uh yeah in the Jenkins governance board so 31st is Sunday how soon we will be able to review these candidates so it's probably a question to Gavin and Dule and yeah William is also on the call I'm I'm trying to not get too involved with the election so yeah the problem that with the current process the governance board should send off the candidates I mean yeah I don't think that it's a big deal so I did make a Google doc with all the current candidates and replied to Olivia and Evelina's account so they both have it um it's just it's this is not one of my my projects so like I said I'm trying to stay hands off but if I need to step in I will step in no that's okay I can continue there um I can I can contact all the nominated people and ask us I can follow with them that's okay yeah and if we if we have a document that we all have access to I I I within a day I should be able to spend enough time on it to sign off so so should we keep uh like aim for the first of November or something to to have at least us going through this and and say I'm I'm I'm for against something like that in the documents I think Oleg is saying there's there's two pieces one we need to make sure that any of the officers that already officers are willing to be on again that should be done early and then one the the entire board should be willing to say Nick's any nomination though I'm not sure we should have the power to Nick's a nomination well person I have no problem if it's just you're given and you're really not proving the candidates okay so well the election process document says that the governor's board approves a bit my question what does it mean yeah I'm perfectly fine if he's just delegating my approval to both of you because I fully trust your judgment um I join I join giving them the shot understand what you mean by I mean approving candidates like um like if you feel that that person does not have enough contribution then you should not take a role that's what you mean something like that so basically it was rather stop a measure if something is going completely wrong so for example if somebody who constantly violates the court of conduct runs for the board so yeah the board would be able to just block this candidate in theory but yeah we have never had a precedent of that so I cannot really say what we should be too concerned yeah I'm not concerned at this stage yeah I mean either I I wouldn't say that you know and I'm a number of contributions or something like that should be a a gate here since I didn't have that much or at least that that's how I feel but I think any of us can feel that I don't know for some reason certain person is not the right fit and I don't feel that about any of the candidates so far but I think it makes sense that we all look so we just don't blindly accept the least and and put it up for nomination so so yeah let's just make sure that the at least some of us review the least and our outcome is to do it well can we put the no or we can't can we put the link to the hey the document Oliver you mentioned was it you or was it Gavin so but yeah let me let me I can give you I'm sorry I just have so many notifications and communication channels I'm yeah I'm reluctant to put it in the document because it's public okay then then the no the Jenkins government meeting documents public I'm not sure we want our candidates to be public before we prove them so no I thought that the least has like limited access to some of us and then the other one is not a problem but otherwise you can you can easily retrieve the documents yeah so let me let me just clarify the document I created if you have the link you can view it so I'm not worried about that uh yeah um so if you can access to that that community link you could that you also have access to it and then uh this document is what I was worried about putting the my google doc link because this document the one that I think market sharing is public so I think the way Olivia did it it works pretty well so only the election committee can see that thread so okay that's okay so yeah regarding limitations one of our mission critical role is security officer so they're basically well I would say that it's rather an expectation that whomever is a candidate for security officer has experience of working in the jenki security team but yeah I don't particularly expect there to be uh candidates from outside anyway but who knows me neither um and there are definitely some officer that are more tricky but yeah we'll review that I don't think we have to spend much more time this year I agree so for me one of the critical things is events officer because the other nominations is great if not yeah I'll probably do some work in the coming days but yeah last year well that's it you're saying marky hasn't done anything in the year that we should mark we could we should nominate marky thanks I like you're the best no I didn't say that uh yeah last year no I'm teasing don't worry about it yeah I can share some insights because yeah I was reaching to several potential uh uh officers because we also had a kind of open problem uh who would be taking this role in the beginning of the election cycle so yeah but yeah the most of candidates either didn't reply or refused so there are a number of candidates for the opposite positions though we can always use more because I think uh the jenki's project as a whole uh very few people are doing a very lot of work and so we always need more people in there yes we've got a few new names in there which is good but you know we need more having few names is definitely good and then let people try um yeah so why not so when we blast the signing up to uh vote we should also blast this as if anyone has any nominations for any people oh ronko this but I just want to close this topic by um to to remind the next dates so the next date is the 31st of October which is the deadline for a nomination and then we wait um one week to get confirmation from the nominate uh from people um so we wait one week and on the 7th of November we start inviting people to vote so the 7th of November will be the the first date where people can vote for the project and the project and the deadline is end of November that's that's all for me okay so anything else on the elections topic I think we got it okay great all right next topic was a jenkin's user mailing this moderation question um I'm not sure if the what the appropriate response here is should I show the display to everyone what the proposed posting is that was that caused me to pause and say it or how would you like to evaluate it I had sent this question to the governance board I think maybe a week ago but I wasn't sure who else to ask or or if there's already a process document that I just failed to read um so you can share it but I think that just is that a private company had a jenkin's offering and you and they were wanting to post it to the mail the user's mail list to say hey you should use their offering right exactly it's a yeah that's a very good way of describing it it is here I'm going to bring it up then since since that sounds okay so here is how it looks uh let's see if I can make it bigger so it's readable so the proposal it's a it appears to be a product from release iq called essentials for Jenkins and offers the ability to create multiple Jenkins controllers and then manage those things and they've got a web page for it here the question I had was do we allow commercial posts like this to the jenkin's user's mailing list or is that that uh no we probably should have them promote some other way I haven't seen anything that would restrict that so from the rules perspective I do not see that they would be valid anything okay whether it's totally appropriate or not well I think it's okay because why not for me I think it's okay as long as they're just anyone you made I mean as long as they don't spam the mailing list on a regular basis maybe we should invite them to the jenkin's online meetup to present why not uh well here so essentials for Jenkins that they do need to be related to the trademark usage requirements I mean the clutch yeah so that was gonna be my thing as long as they meet the actual requirements for trademark um I don't see a problem with it if they offered support I would be in totally in favor of it going to the user's mailing list as is it the description doesn't sound like we're offering a commercial support just a version a bundled version like the the cloud free one so I'm not excited about it but I have no issue with them going to the user's list but I think this doesn't isn't it like how what is the trademark restriction for this is it for Jenkins or something else yeah for Jenkins uh this one's fine yeah it's fine it's within uh um FA use so other requirements we have is that they put credit to Jenkins as trademark the Jenkins is a regular registered trademark of the Linux foundation in the bottom I'm not sure whether it's followed on this page yeah uh no this but that would be a relatively simple thing for us to ask of them saying hey please please attribute because they they did a really good job of choosing the name right it does comply with the Linux foundation guidelines for the for naming yeah so it maybe brings again the question about uh having the list of Jenkins vendors and enterprise support providers yeah because our previous list on wiki is dead and well taken it's previous state I'm happy to see dead because for example even cloud based information there was outdated something like several years outdated yeah so I'm happy to somehow revise this topic but for this particular blog post yeah announcement it's it seems to be fine it's a question whether we would uh repost it in social media for example uh reposting tweets but even for that I don't see a particular problem so so given that this if if this were allowed I want to be sure that that's that I've understood it that would likely mean that for instance cloudbies would be allowed to post something similar to the user list right that they could they could announce things related to their product other companies that are doing products based on Jenkins would be allowed to as well right yeah I think in some degree we're not the best audience to ask this question either because I don't know how many of the people here use the user's mail list you know if a company posted once a month that would be frustrating if they posted once a year it probably wouldn't be a big deal you know so I think there should be I mean I think this should be released because they didn't break any rules and it fits all the trademarks so I don't think it should be blocked in the list and then I think there should be like a poll or something for the actual members of the user's mail list to see how they feel did the company also submit what the blog what the mailing list uh posting would say no no this is this is the this is the posting it's just not been approved yet thank you I see good good question but they submitted it for approval by virtue of them not yet being a an allowed subscriber to the mailing list and because no one's approved it yet it hasn't been posted and so that was my question here today is it sounds like the the consensus here is we should allow this we should post it and it might be healthy to not just grant them full permission but each time they post we approve it again a moderator improves it and we continue with that moderation path to be sure that it's not not being overloaded I'm going to say the opposite I'm going to say we're not going to block it because I don't think the board should be the one blocking or managing the mailing list it's users list should be users controlled rules and just the board isn't blocking it it allows it through and then someone starts a thread it says hey do we want to keep allowing these oh okay that'd be my vote okay so we've got we've got a majority of board members here could I ask for approval it sounds like we're approved to to allow this one in and allow them as a member of the list so they continue posting any objections for many of the board members or let's go for the is it okay to ask for a vote from board members before we do that is if you click on the about does it say any restrictions it's on the left side third from the bottom oh good good question I don't see any yeah okay cool okay so that answered your question it did okay great so I'm good to vote all right so let me capture the votes hang on get the notes up here okay so um general consensus allow uh commercial posts are allowed allowed user list moderated by the users and let's did I not say that I have I don't want to say allowed because that puts board going yes we approve this message that's my only concern oh basically what I would say that it doesn't relate the current rules in place hence it shouldn't be posted yeah but we reserve our right to impose the rules if we feel it's a kind of abuse yeah going forward good if if there is abuse in the future in the future we can consider additional rules yeah is that a fair way to say it yeah okay good and are are we this board the ones that are setting rules for user mailing list does anyone outside of mark have access to the users mail list like the Olivier is one of the owners of it so he certainly does and I believe Alex Earl is one of the moderators none of the board and some of the offices is what you're saying I don't I don't know I don't think it yeah I don't think it's a board operated thing it's a board sponsored thing sure but not a board operated thing yeah so here how I interpret that yeah it's a valid question for the governance meeting there is a topic which is basically in the gray zone yeah so how we would move there we discuss we agree that's it whether it's the responsibility of the Jenkins worth or not it's it doesn't really matter it's a community meeting and how we can discuss it that being said I am very much in favor of offloading any and all support we can do because it is exhausting all the questions we get and how few people that can answer them so I'm in favor of commercial offerings great okay so have I is the phrasing here adequate to be ready to call for a vote I'm happy with that prison okay I'm almost happy about the phrasing I just I just don't want to send the message that we the board are the ones that are gonna make additional rules because it's not we the board it's maybe we Jenkins mailing users is I'm sorry that's kind of we Jenkins community represented as Jenkins governance meeting but yeah if we want a formal decision for example if you wanted to change the rules then it would have had to go through the developer mailing list yeah okay I'm not saying I choose one over another I just understood Mark's question not only to be about this post but in general about this moderation so I would I would just like I don't have opinion about that I don't see a problem with the post when I joined the list I felt like I can post anything and if I misbehave then someone will kick me out and this someone might not be might not be defined at the at this point but yeah I just I just wanted to to understand how how how you guys feel are are we want to do we feel responsible for this list or or not we as an individual might feel responsible we as a board does not I I see that's my vote yeah okay and I was I was a community can consider additional rules would be the phrasing that I would the most happy with okay it's just for me I'm accustomed to thinking of the the the best rule making body we've got actually is the governance board that was why I use board but okay that's and I I would I would just not want to send the message that we're gonna monitor and moderate this board but if the community reaches out to us and complains about something then then then that that's how I would I would see this I kind of can work in reality we're not gonna suddenly start moderating the list right yeah it's setting expectations we don't if board never says we're gonna moderate it then we're not saying no one's gonna expect the board to moderate it you know yeah okay so so testing the phrasing one last time is that phrasing sufficient that you're ready to vote on I'm good good okay let's hear the votes please I'm voting to allow this allow okay so got it all right so Gavin uh and Adelina yeah I would like to allow it as well great thank you that's and any any any naysayers of others who attending Olivier or Marquis do any of you have have negative on that I have none I'm a non-binding plus one yeah so great thank you that that didn't didn't expect to take quite that much time on it but thanks very much for the conversation and for the clarity Gavin Gavin and Adelina especially in terms of getting getting those those things hammered out that's that's those are very good points all right next topic then or I assume nothing else on this topic are we ready for next topic yes okay so executive decision great hacktoberfest project project progress report I'm a little bit I am completely underprepared for the sharing this is few minutes of of conversation the plug-in docs migration project we've gotten almost 25 percent in progress or done that we started with on the list so that's that's a up to 10 out of 40 looking pretty good not as good as I wanted I had hoped to be way beyond 40 by now french localization is getting really good work we've had some excellent docs posts we've got a nice architecture diagram a pair of them thankfully and and we've got more to do there though we need more promotion so remind me I someone sent me a link earlier about how to make architecture diagrams as code which may be useful so we can keep things up to date remind me later and I'll I'll get you the link um but I also wanted to you know give you kudos for getting some new plug-in maintainers which I didn't expect to come out of hacktoberfest but you've been pushing harder than expected so I wanted you know that's really awesome well and new right now I think is maybe one yeah that's still greater than zero right that's still greater than zero and and I've been I confess I've been having fun with the with Darren Pope and I doing these conversations about small modifications so we'll we'll keep that story up and Dheeraj and I will do a tutorial on Jenkins.io for it okay next topic then uh inclusive naming initiative Oleg uh yeah so updates since two weeks ago so yeah the CDF-TFC approved application as the last meeting then we submitted the mailing list application to the inclusive naming initiative we got plus ones from community leaders there and our next step is to submit official membership request through the enrollment LFX tool so it's a new tool they develop for all kinds of organization management in the Linux foundation and there we had hit an issue so basically only Tracy was able to submit the membership request we try to do it together with Tracy and then we hit an issue with my email because the form strongly requires a company email and I do not have one at the moment uh so yeah fixes in progress I created my own domain for now and uh yeah Tracy will submit the request then it will take uh I have no idea how much time but basically everyone is on board so the condensed layer condition will be joined and we will have Jenkins as one of the related projects listed there on the list when you said company email address you just mean a non Gmail like they don't really say company company oh well it filters out all other emails I have to so it's not just Gmail it's Yandex and yeah the non yeah so another option we could probably set up a forward for Jenkins.io well yeah actually I added a top at Google workspace for Jenkins below yeah but even even without a workspace just like uh because we have the mx point in somewhere we can just forward LFX at Jenkins.io to somewhere so but if you got your email address that works too yeah so we can definitely discuss that uh yeah the moment I already applied work around because I happened to own a few domains yeah terrible ones but okay works for these use keys uh yeah so well basically that's it but yeah it should finish soon excellent thank you so then cdftoc updates we have discussed a new roadmap for convenience delivery foundation because it's one of my pet projects listed here this roadmap is in draft it hasn't been officially approved by cdftoc uh it's basically constructed from topics we have on the toc list at the moment and you may want to say that uh there are no topics which are directly linked to Jenkins maybe except the inclusive mailing initiative membership so if you see something that needs to be done on the cdf level and requires to see involvement then please comment there is a issue or discussion for this ticket and different topics so for example one of potential topics is a transfer of amazon accounts to the continuous delivery foundation but to be honest I'm not sure why it needs to be involved in this matter but yeah it's just an example of something where we definitely need the action from the continuous delivery foundation right so yeah and another topic which is related to the Jenkins system so there will be new project joining cdf cd events so it's one line above so basically this is a specification project this is extension for cloud events well to some extent that defines the standard for various uh events submitted by ccd systems and it basically builds around the proposals so for example captain events participates then there is ericsson and the aphid community that also participates plus ibem and many other organizations so yeah and they're working on the first version of the standard and it will press it as a suggestion uh well as a my incubating project cause yeah cloud events like you know you likely need some adjustments if you want it to be aligned with this standard so it's probably a topic for the future when you say cloud events you means like a payload or a body not a actual like conference uh yeah so basically it's specification for the payload but yeah it's still not in a finalized state and yeah there is a lot of discussion and yeah joint events seek because well it will be somewhat related to my next job so yeah i keep up with its comment on this topic but yeah i'm not sure what the cloud events plugin is actually maintained at the moment but i think that we need to proceed with it because it's one of the reference implementations for cd events as it's first seen thanks ready for any questions there or ready for next topic okay google workspace for jankens oh leg uh yeah so basically it's full up to the email domain discussion so we we touched the google workspace or how it was called the area for google traceude so basically we have a number of problems with our materials at the moment so we have a lot of google docs including this governance meeting google doc all of them are scattered across individual and sometimes company accounts of people and basically as a community we have exactly zero control over that so for example if i delete my account currently this janky's governance meeting agenda document will disappear which is definitely not the best i think from the project system ability point of view plus yeah there are other things we could use a j-suit for of course emails also event planning system because instead of relying on currently etc we could use j-suit for that and a lot of other things that could be potentially applied including even gcp billing if we decide to have gcp billing on our own in the janks organization so question to people here do we really want to explore google workspace sponsorship options because without sponsorship it's very expensive it's something like $20 sorry $12 per month per user which is probably reasonable for corporate system but definitely doesn't make sense for janky's community so we can just shake some trees and see whether google would be interested to sponsor that or find other solutions or maybe alternative is looking for solutions within the linux foundation that could provide the same because for example google doc yeah google doc can be mostly replaced by huck and g as a premium service with hubbocant for storage or there could be other services so for example on cloud etc it could be also one of open source services that could be deployed for example within the linux foundation infrastructure so but yeah it's a kind of many alternatives so my question to the people here would you like to explore option with google workspace so my feeling is i'm not totally sold on google workspace but it does work um i personally like having all my email one spot which is something i guess i could do with workspace still i don't know how like i don't know a board would get their own email address i don't know how that works uh but i think i rather i don't know it's i agree something should be done because the current does set up with a mess but i think we have i still think we have too many issues going on to add more to the list yeah that's fair point so yeah google workspace is probably straightforward enough because for example how it would happen if you get a corporate slash community account uh this community google drive and then in a few clicks i move over by jenkins folder to the community google drive and then nice use permissions for maybe a couple of weeks after that but yeah and it'd be nice to have like the press account because i just got an email from press and it'd be nice to not to go to a single person you know and even when we had the uh the wiki issues it the news people were emailing each of us individually and it was very coordinated responses so there's definitely some appeal to this i'm just i don't know it doesn't feel like the right time but if there's never going to be a right time yeah so we still have one potential option so for emails for example we can ask for linux foundation emails or for cd foundation emails because both of them exist and yeah technically we could ask something like jenkins press at linux foundation uh yeah whether it sends a right message or not you search them in i'm not sure uh but yeah technically it's possible i would definitely prefer jenkins i i mean linux foundation could host the mx for jenkins iota is pretty easy as well so yeah so i'm not too concerned about your emails because emails it's a rather it's a great topic for me we can create a domain anywhere for a couple of emails for me your file storage is a bigger problem organization-wise yeah that is definitely a concern of mine yeah well what's good about google it's probably most of us are pretty comfortable with it we didn't used to using it and i mean i know it's not a rocket science but uh i am reaching a point where adding another tool is not exactly something i want to do so if we can have a google account that will not cost us a lot then i think we should give it a go and see what's what's there it would be sweet to have some cool open source tool to use it but to to use instead of google but yeah well huck md has some advantages but huck md is not an open source tool it's a service basically proprietary it just allows streaming data to git or github as a storage so basically you get a dump of all your notes in markdown which is kind of helpful just just for right uh hack md is the commercial offering of an open source product there is an open source version okay yeah sorry for that but yeah so for example i would be open to give it a try for example uh moving to google sort of governance meetings to huck md uh i'm not sure but it would be okay for the entire ecosystem and you're taking the number of where the shit google docs create it might be more convenient to keep doing it like that but there are google slides and other things that cannot be put in huck md easily so yeah i feel like this should i know you don't want me to say it but i think you should be delayed until the new infra officer is elected or a current infra officer because it's going to depend greatly on them um no it's a fair point so i also don't want to do more things on my plate right now i have so huge book walk or things to live on okay so i think the short version is i'm in favor of something as as as evalina said uh i'm google works really well and i have no objections to google but i'm reluctant to commit to anything right now so basically feel free to contribute uh as the risk do not overcome it right okay great but yeah thanks for the feedback so let's just park it here for now and yeah for open source design engagement uh so maybe one thing for your information on monday here i joined the open resource design sustainability webinar so basically today we do discussed a lot about the genkins user experience how we try to unblock designers what works what's not so we talked about the urc newcomer and boarding flows the common documentation and the latest thing we do well there is of course a lot of things to be improved but i already got something back from their community about all what else could you could do because there is a lot of obvious things like but it's a collaboration with the community so maybe i will be bringing up this topic to the uxc could be in coming weeks and yeah i think that this open source design we discussed something like half a year ago like having some open tickets on their job board for genkins community and having maybe some kind of unboarding flow between these communities but yeah all of that's wide open but for your information i will be spending some time on that because i'm interested in that thanks any other topics for today okay let's call an end to this session thank you i've got a i had a hard stop 10 minutes from now so this is our timing is really great thanks everybody we will plan to meet again in two weeks yeah so next meeting we're switching time zones again right oh are we oh dear help me okay that's a good check next meeting time i'm used to meeting times always being in utc but do we need to adjust the start time of our next meeting uli i think yours and evalina's schedules were the ones that were what's what does two weeks from now look like for the two of you yeah i think we uh last week we decided that we changed the time not to utc but to our local time okay all right so our next meeting then will be november three at and so that would be one hour oh yeah okay one hour earlier than current time so it would be it will be at one p.m no no at eight at seven p.m utc rather than the eight p.m utc that it's currently at great okay thank you i'll get the calendar i'll mark adjust the calendar entry thank you the good question the clue it seems it has to be a nine p.m utc then oh i went the wrong direction yeah sorry that's i am no i am certainly not a time lord there is clear problem in me managing time zones yeah it's not only you i just i'll i'll just go to the meeting when it's in my calendar i'm not trying to figure that out it's well and and please i will adjust it immediately after this meeting ends and if you find that i adjusted at the wrong direction please tell me and i'll fix it okay so it's thanks for flexibility okay and it's one but one hour early okay i've got to show you this calendar so this is november third on my calendar and it shows eight p.m utc and one hour earlier i would have moved i would have moved it back one like this that's not what we want though oh like you were saying it needs to go down this way yeah so basically for me the problem that uh yeah part of my schedule so yeah my son is usually asleep by nine thirty but definitely not by nine so it's preferable to stay at 10 p.m to start at 10 p.m local time but yeah understand that for the people in europe it might be super late and for people in our pocket it may be super early so i'm ready to adjust if needed so uly help me understand so was your intent one hour earlier here or one hour later here actually i just don't want to change my local time so my local time is perfectly if we start at 10 p.m okay two weeks 10 p.m is yeah what's what what is your local time in what city are you in i'm in new mulek berlin or whatever okay because i'm using world-time body to figure this out so nine p.m central european time and it will be utc plus one starting from whatever october i linked to the selection so uh this is what i figured out so uh mulek it's it'll be 10 p.m utc will be nine p.m and for me it'll be two p.m okay so that and so i think i got it right then this it needs to be later not earlier excellent all right adjusted adjusted to local to local time got it okay so i think i sent you an invite check your calendar please if it's wrong let me know we will correct it back to whatever it needs to be that's all okay excellent thanks all thanks everybody recording will be posted bye bye thank you bye


FM radio breakout. I've got a little sort of numbers station type of thing playing right now. It's going to play on the initial frequency. After six seconds, it's actually going to change itself and I'm going to tune it down to 90. So start broadcasting. A couple seconds later it's going to go out. Now I'm going to retune. Land and ocean. And there it is again. Not a good reception there. So you can imagine that you could have this happen programmatically. You could have it changing at random intervals. RDS is how you end up with some info on your usually car stereo display that tells you the artist and song. So that's the product pick of the week. It is the FM transmitter breakout.


About six years ago, I arrived home from work, and my five-year-old son was already holding up a baseball. We can play, but I don't have a lot of time, I warned him. All I could think of was my to-do list. I had a department meeting to plan, papers to grade, and small projects I had to finish. But as I slipped on the baseball glove, something changed. I forgot about my list. We tossed the ball back and forth, back and forth. But then my son asked me something. Is there still time? Is there still time? I couldn't answer it. So that night, I broke up with busy. I quit committees. I limited projects. I set up a curfew for myself at work. I learned to give 110% on things that mattered and to give 11 or 12% on things that didn't. See, I had been drowning in a sea of busy, and yet I'd been wearing busy like a badge of honor. Like I was winning some kind of imaginary competition, but life isn't a game. Okay, it's actually technically a board game, and I think it might also be a cereal. But here's the thing. You don't get a trophy for packing your schedule with more projects and more accomplishments and more meetings.  But busy is hurried. Busy is overwhelmed. Busy is fast. Busy is careless. Busy is a hamster wheel that never ends and a sprint up the ladder without ever asking where it leads. There are moments when life gets busy. I get that. But I never want busy to be the new normal. I never want to look back at life and say, wow, I was really good at being busy.


Here is a dublink of the lectures between this one and of Mr. Professor Lagoyanis. But at the beginning of course you will see again those schemes of transitions and so on. On the way, I will try to give you in your hands some tools. Most of them are available online for free. Počutno, gupex, ko sem tukaj pokazala, je komersijalna programa, vse z Univerzitivnji hvala Kanada. In, kaj bi se počutite, in kaj bi se počutite, kaj bi se počutite s tem softwareem. Tukaj. Tukaj. Tukaj. Tukaj. Tukaj. Tukaj. Tukaj. Tukaj. Fizika. Ne za... Znamo, da je zašlično zašlično, ali začneš, kaj smo v tem energijenju, kako je vsega, in tako, da sem vsega vsega, in tako, da sem vsega, da sem vsega, da sem vsega, da sem vsega vsega, da sem vsega, da sem vsega, implementation, obhjeljne in težko spesivne, konjuncto mego artisti, in počeber o načinstavno, kaj so, vsega vsega vsega z vrstvenosti, kaj je zelo z vrstvenosti, je inošeljana zelo. In potem, v drugim stupu vsega vsega vsega vsega, zato, da je elektrono vsega, vsega vsega je zelo z vrstvenosti. In potem se vsega vsega vsega vsega vsega. Zelo je bilo strančne notace, ni nekaj je vzelo, da je tudi historijka. Nekaj, atomik vzelo, ki je zelo vzelo, in ki je vzelo, da je vzelo, da je zelo vzelo, kako je alpha, kako je beta. Prv, da je zelo, da je zelo, nekaj je vsah nekaj, in zelo, da je zelo vzelo, da je zelo, da je zelo, oč 20% češeljjih, več vse prihodli.  In tudi da se si zelo, da je bolj zelo, dataj se zelo na netom. if you do some quantum mechanics, operator responsibility is electrical dipole moment. And this transition should obey this nature of this dipole moment. So you see, from L0 to L0 from L to K, there is no transition because the change of L should be one. to je vzgleda za zaživljenje. OK, z prospetimov, očenje, kaj je tudi tudi tudi vzgleda, tudi vzgleda, da je vzgleda vzgleda. Na vzgledanje vzgleda svoj tudi vzgleda je vzgleda vzgleda. Tako, tudi tudi tudi vzgleda. In potem posledajte atom v nekaj zelo, zelo v nekaj zelo, in drugi drugi proces je početnja na vse. V tem zelo potrebno da vse postoji vse nekaj prej vse. In, tudi, nekaj schem, ki je vse. To dose. Na ne, da budem je zelo, da je openingva. Zelo, da jeyelling. Ne. Ne. Ne. Ne. Ne. Ne. Ne. Ne. Ne. Ne. Ne. Ne. Ne. Ne. Ne. Ne. Vse je to odličnico. Na web. Znači se, kako je prijezna. Vse je prijezna. Vse je prijezna. Prejdaš je. Ne zelo. Zelo. Ne zelo. Prejdaš, da so ne zelo. Ne zelo, da se prijezna. Prejdaš, da se prijezna. Ne zelo. Mi greš smokedi many things, but he didn't check these one. Let me just see. Anybody knows what to do. So let's see probably I will try to enlarge a bit and What's here? A lot of xray data and for you what is important if you will work with ex-ray emission energies. Vseh počkaj smo pričo dobro vseh pak, qe vseh je vseh posaočno vseh, nekaj je online in je vseh tebevši začala, je nekaj generacija, naredišu vseh v tem dobrovom. Vseh da sem razumila, kako pa se pravimo izdelu v tako dokumentu. taj dokument. Zvukam je za to. Zvukam. OK, X-ray, in vse. Zvukam. Zvukam. Zvukam. Zvukam. Zvukam. Zvukam. Zvukam. Zvukam. Zvukam. Zvukam. Zvukam. Zvukam. Zvukam. Zvukam. Zvukam. Zvukam. Zvukam. Zvukam. Zvukam. Zvukam. Zvukam. Zvukam. Zvukam. Bim je tukaj na svetu, da je tukaj na svetu stik, tako zelo zelo, kaj je tukaj način. Protonči, najbolj, nekaj ne zelo v metu. Tukaj ne zelo v metu, tako zelo način v metu. Tukaj na tukaj ne zelo v metu. je probabilitavna ionizacija in x-rays zvukenje. Zato, da jih je detektor, jih je detektor x-rays. Zato, da je je zvuk? Kaj ima detektor, jih je detektor nekaj del, kaj je to zvukenje, če je solitnja dela. Profesija dela 4 pi. Zato, da je je zvukenje, je neko prefereno angularne zašličenje, izgleda, da je tega proprzivna nekaj memori dajanizacije, tako in potom, da je zelo v any tega. Čudoviteh zelo delajjev, vtega však pospravljena, if there is 2 times more protons coming, you will be 2 times bigger, so that's number of protons. To je avogadron number, in here it's also important, what you have here. Detector ne zelo vših fotov, ker je nekaj ne potreba vsega, je to vsega, da je detector, ki zelo vzelo v 0 elektroni, in nekaj fotov ne da se vsega vzelo v zelo, in je to vsega spektra, ki je vsega. Efficiency, sorry, godz of technique doesn't like us today. Hopfully, at least there. I will show it there, if not. Ok, so efficiency of the detector. For example, you have x-ray of 5 kilo electron volts. Some detectors will see 80% of all the photons because in front of them they have some absorbers or vacuum windows. And then sometimes we deliberately put additional absorbers there. Sometimes we cut part of low energy spectra away. If you are interested, for example, in metal ions, let's say copper or something higher. So there's also described as initial absorber. And there is very important quantity. Probability for production of x-rays. Inside you have ionization cross-section plus fluorescent yield. So not every vacancy we were speaking before is at the end decaying by emitting a photon. There are other alternative transitions and decay of these inertial holes. One, maybe you heard about it, is a jet transition. And then you have also coaster chronic and so on. So here we describe so-called production cross-section for x-rays and it's a slightly different cross-section smaller than the ionization cross-section. And of course, when the photon is created here, it must reach the surface and undergoes absorption from the creation up. And this is, as you know, it's exponential fall of the numbers and here in this exponential coefficient. This is additional complication of this calculation. All the composition of matrix is present. So to correctly describe absorption from the position of production out of the sample, you need to know exactly entire sample. So things are getting complicated. And one step is that you take into account stopping factor, production cross-section and absorption and do integral from zero energy to the initial energy of the proton and you got a special factor called tic target factor. And then we actually with this managed to cover two complex things. First is stopping of protons inside the target and absorption of the x-rays coming out. And now the yield is a bit simpler. Again, we have solid angle, number of protons impinging on the target, this Avogadro number. This is efficiency and absorption in front of detector and here is this tic target. And you see now the yield of element with index i is proportional to the concentration, axis concentration of element i. And this is molecular mass of element. What is now the trick? What is now the problem? If you would have just a very thin layer where there is no stopping and no absorption out, we can do it by hand. We are trained physicists, most of us, and we can do this calculation by ourselves. But as absorption here on the way out and the stopping here are functions of all the constituents of the sample, things get complicated. And we will see it later. We will try to do this for a metal alloy in a simulation. You must allow your calculation to iterate. You assume at the beginning a bet matrix, we call it matrix that describes stopping and absorption. And what you see in the spectra, you say, it's there. Let us evaluate and assume very bad matrix. You run through it and then say, OK, I can estimate now how much copper is in my target. And you put better result in and that computer is iterating. And finally, if you have enough information for him, he will give you proper concentration. OK, let's see if this guy will show us something more. Not really. See? He can do anything against it. OK. Now, what is very important. I will assess my students. You are, from time to time, most of us are very lucky. So you got a new accelerator. In every generation, maybe once or something. And, for example, in Itemba, South Africa, they got 3 million volt tandem. You can make 6 million electron volt proton. What energy would you select for optimal pixie? You have now anything from one up to, let's say, we don't run to 100% usually, let's say, from one to five MFV protons. If we look for the cross section now, you sit here for iron, very important element in pixie. If you are, for example, at about 2.5, you reach roughly 130 barns. If you go to five, you see here, you reach roughly 800 barns. So your yields will be much better. So, from this first instance, you would say, if I can do 5 million volts, let's go for 5 million volts and do pixie there. Usually, if you go through literature, you will see that in the last time, most of pixie is done roughly at 3 million volts. If labs can do it, if they have seen it in it machines, sometimes at 2.5, do you know the reason why 5 is not so much desired? Anybody would guess what's the problem at 5 million volts? A lot of them. And what would happen to your spectra? Your silicon detector or SDD or what every detector would see a lot of gamas. Actually, not their photopics, but a lot of Compton tails. And if in your spectra, whatever spectroscopy you are doing, your background is high. And you have very small yield or if you can trade this, no background and even smaller yield, what would you select? Lot of background and reasonable yield or no background and let's say 5 times smaller yield. What's better in the detection limit sense? Many times without the background. Background is a problematic thing. It provides you statistical uncertainties in the energy range and you need to have roughly three times the sigma of the background to say, okay, there is a peak. And if your background is zero, you can do already with ten counts at least identification that something is going on there. So that's why PiXA community prefers a bit lower energies where detectors don't see too much gamma, Compton tails of gamma radiation. That's annoying. Okay, let's try. Okay. Now types of X-ray detectors. Community in the last decade was traditionally using so-called C-lead detectors. So these are silicon detectors with drifted lithium. We will see how the crystal looks like in the following slides. However, in the last decade a lot has changed. C-lead detectors were very slow detectors. So you need roughly ten microseconds to, I would say, to digest the pulse. Collection of the charge when the photon enters the diode is slow in that type of detector. And this was main constraint, actually resolution. Anybody knows how the resolution of X-ray detector is defined. At which energy and how you would measure it. If you are buying detector, they would say you 140 EV, something like this. And then what does it mean?  The best detectors today they can do, let's say, 128 EV, something like this. Standard 140, 150. And if you want to do it with this resolution with C-lead detector you need nitrogen cooling and again it's a slow detector. Now silicon, so-called silicon drift detectors are taking over and they are very fast. So instead of 10 microseconds to digest one pulse through electronics, collect all the charge and process it into pulsate distribution, you need only one microsecond which is essential difference. You can do much faster pixie with it. That's how old silly detectors, good guys still in operation in lab solar or the world look like. Here is dewer and then you have here cold finger. Just to show you how they do. I will not, where is it? I will not show, I don't have destroyed x-ray detector but I have something very similar. That's what you can push it around. That's what in the dewer of the cousin of silly detector that used to be germanium G-lead detector for gamma rays. So we will see a copper bar that actually cools down the crystal and also we cool preamps, part of preamps. The fat usually, the transistor. And now how you would, let's see how silly detector looks like by determining its efficiency. And then later on, I will show you the alternative silly conductors which are now. You must actually do efficiency calibration for any detector and the process is very similar. So when you are buying x-ray detector, please be very pushy. Manufacturer should give you all the details. They don't like to give the details for them is a trade secret and if they hide it, then you are in a big trouble. It will take you a long time to figure out how to describe your detector in your pixel setup. You need to know how they made from which material the electric contacts, how tick are the electric contacts of your detector. What is the dead layer typically? Is there internal collimator? I will show you how important is internal collimator later on in the Gupik's fit. Usually it results in parasitic peak. You are happy, you discover, they don't know. We will see nickel in your sample where nobody saw it before. You figure out that, for example, zinc, k-photons, excite, fluorescence in your collimator and you will see a wrong element in your spectra. You must be very aware what is in your detector. And if vacuum window starts to leak, slowly you can get not water but ice layer on your crystal. Crystal is very cold and all the moisture in your vacuum chamber, if the vacuum window is leaking, will end up as a small ice layer on your crystal. And if you are careful, sometimes you can get rid of it. If you are not so lucky to get rid of it, at least it's important to take into account to describe the efficiency appropriately. That's how now a bit more detailed image what all you need to consider when you're describing the layers even in Goopics in your evaluation program. First is usually a beryllium window or now you can get already polymer windows. So that's the first layer where part of photons will be absorbed. Beryllium is the, I would say the lightest compact material able to withstand the pressure difference of one bar. You have here inside vacuum and you have here usually atmosphere or vacuum depends what kind of pics you are doing. Then you have, as I mentioned to you before, possible ice layer. Then you have gold contact and then immediately after the gold contact you have a thin dead layer. Actually it's silicon there but this silicon does not absorb x-rays appropriately. So it's like additional absorber there. And of course then you have it also in the back but this is less important. So again it's part of inefficient and also another contact. If you will want to see the physics of transmission this is where to look for. All the community is going to this home page. Let me see, but I think I'm without internet here, so I'll see what I can do maybe just to show you the first page of the, oh, do we see it? Again not, huh? I will try to bring you into your side, just. Okay, at least something. So it will not work because I'm without internet connection but at least you can see later on maybe. So you enter here formula, for example for beryllium simply type beryllium density, if you leave it minus one he has it in his own records, don't need to care about it. And you put for example you're interested in absorption from 10 EV out to 10,000 and he would drive you the file in 100 steps, you can do it in 500 and then you just submit request. Very useful home page and if you will look for X-ray detector there is for example 25 micron beryllium window in front of it, you check how far down you can come with the sensitivity. You can go up to sodium for sure even with 25 micrometers. If you are really focused on very low energies you take either 12 microns of beryllium or polymer window on your detector and on this home page you can calculate how much photons for example of sodium what fraction will be transmitted to your detector. Whether you will see 10 or 40% of photons, this is quite important for the detection limits. In order to understand and order to select in order to predict, you need to discuss with producer what options he has and he will tell you it's full fancy, I will give you ultra thin window and you want to measure from 30 kV you need high energy detector no point, better to take 25 microns of beryllium which is very robust, you will not kill it and so on. If you want to measure sodium you will see that if you will take polymer window you might need, if you have visible light conditions you will need to have light block also there. All these things should be considered when you are buying and this is a good tool. This is estimation how much photons you will detect, this is base for your selection of the detector. If you would like to measure for example sodium with it then you need to really consider carefully which of the vacuum windows that producer is offering you will select and so on. I am also almost blind. I need to duplicate is this one? Let's go on. If you will now take the data from the home page I showed you you see each of the layer has its own absorption characteristics these rapid jumps where they come from anybody would guess why it's not soft curve if you if you reach k etch of some etch of some element there the absorption will have a drastic jump because if you give just enough energy the electron will jump out from the shell there your absorption probability will be higher and that's how you see it's like in some places like rapid jump and this is actually the L or K shell ionization energy and then when you consider all this transmission of all the layers we show before then this is finally your transmission of your detector if you described it quite well then you take set of micrometer tin standards what kind of job you did micrometer produces evaporating standards on polymer foils and that is ideal target I was mentioning before you can assume no energy stopping in the tin layer and there is no absorption on the way out from pixel methodology tin pixel sample and then these are certified values and that's if you did this job very carefully what you get and you see sometimes it's not exactly there but not far so this what we see here for us we are from our lap with such characterization is very happy there are some problems big discrepancy what's with titanium anybody has some instinct what's wrong with titanium and they evaporate you elemental titanium on your target what would titanium do it's a gather material eat all their dirt in their vacuum evaporator so they use quartz balance to measure what is the lateral density but it's not just titanium there all the residual gas in their evaporation machines so that's why this is the most problematic standard of micrometer titanium you can buy standards also from European NIST IRMM and you see they still have some problem but they have cleaner vacuum chambers for evaporation so the discrepancy is much smaller in the end you have spectra like this and you fit them and you check the residue we will see about the residue later it tells you something the areas where you don't have everything well described if the residue is too high and then you got your concentrations ok we see how silly looks like let's see the new technology why it's so much faster than silly detector actually electrodes are not front and back but you have these concentric rings where the voltage is slowly increased along the way and now if you create electron hole pairs they are drifting another direction they don't go front back but they drift along this and then they are collected by these sets of electrodes and you have also this is silicon integrated circuitry technology they will do also integrated fats on the chip so if you feature some problems with your detector you don't send such thing to the producer and ask him to check your preamp or something and replace some fat transistor in preamp because they are integrated there what they do they scroll the crystal away throw it, put a new one and they will charge you almost as for a new detector because that's the heart of the detector you will pay 60% of the price of a new no serviceable parts on it again another so x-rays are coming from here and the electrical charge carriers are collected here in the center now when you will buy it's very important also what kind of geometry they will make for you I'll try again to show you just recent work okay now you see it we will try to see the x-rays before the energies and that's how the tablet looks like I'll try to enlarge some place in the parts of it that's just a fresh we are buying new x-ray detector I wanted to show you this experience so producers have different size of crystals roughly said bigger crystal, bigger solid angle you must be carefully you pay a lot of money for solid angle you see this is the sketch of the sample your beam is coming this way just next to the snout you can approach because it's on a movable slide with vacuum bellow here you can approach to very close and you will cover 0.36 stradia with a small 65 square millimeter sensor which is collimated to 50 square millimeters you should not use the edges of the crystal just the central part and then they have available also and quite slow anyway I will just show you this you see they offer much bigger crystals this one is 100 9 square millimeters collimated to 80 square millimeters you are again approaching here you pay much more money but you see the solid angle it's smaller than this one worse resolution because bigger the crystal lower the resolution and you pay roughly 10000 more for the detector so what's the point the encapsulation is not very optimal so this is your this is your crystal and you have a lot of hardware a useful one next to it so here if you buy that one is a choice but then you go to this one extremely big crystal 170 square millimeters collimated to 150 you will pay probably 40 or 50 000 for this detector but at the end if you do this geometry you cover more than half of the stradian this angle is really huge everybody who was working with these coaxial detectors was dreaming about availability of such detectors so now I just got these sketches with the offer so it's very I would say tempting to get this thing into your lap you can get it ok let's continue fast also a new development probably the fastest pixel detector in the world is Maya development by Chris Ryan and his colleagues in Australia so you see it's a very big chip with annular aperture beam is coming through annular aperture and then you have a lot of segments here and each segment acts as individual x-ray detector so they can cover really not only very big solid angle just two times bigger solid angle that the one I showed you with coaxial geometry but count rates can be in order of 200 times higher so they can do on synchrofront facilities count rates of a few hundred thousand per second so spectra in mapping mode are coming very fast thanks to this development ok, now I will do very fast some applications that I usually do at home with micro pixie and I will pay attention that I have ten minutes to show you gupic case just five minutes very fast pass through applications so this is the lap you will see tomorrow I usually work on micro probe that's how you form it maybe you heard about it pairs of two slits and in our case triplet with magnetic quadropose and then your chamber is very close to these optics in the focus of the magnet that's how the chamber looks like once you have micro probe you equip it with a lot of detection if you have space because in our acquisition system we have eight ports and we do in so called event mode your acquisition system is waiting for detectors and saves the energy of the event number of the channel and position where the beam was at that moment we pushed it closer than Oxford Oxford I think is 18 cm we went to 14.5 14.5 and another question you said one by one micron but in that case you have quite huge current yes I will show the optimal case we can go sub micron that was just roughly the optics that's how the station then looks like you see this is still old silly and this is IGE both low energy high energy detector later on you see it on this side this is already silly condrift detector so no djur anymore and this is the best we can do we use focused ion beam low energy one to mill the standards and you see these are 16 times 16 this is 5 times 5 square millimeter frame and if you if you check the beam size now on these edges it's roughly 600 700 square nanometers and current is 200 picohams not many labs can do this especially labs need also very bright sources our colleague Lori got it recently and also all our colleagues who have single ended machines have even more bright sources than we do have so we can do if we do everything optimal we have a space to do it in sub micrometer later resolution space and then you have biologists coming doctors coming a lot of work for them I'm doing this for the last 15 years and it's quite I would say quite interesting work why they don't go to electron microscopes because you put a sample in it and what would they would see huge background this is Bremstralung electron Bremstralung and as protons have much higher mass in contribution you see a lot of small pics are there so we are roughly 3 orders of magnitude our limit of detection is lower than theirs and that's why biologists who have for example they bring you a grain of wheat 3 cultivars which one has more iron in it and iron is in the level of 100 ppm nobody will be able to do it with electron microscope they come to pics or some other topic ok, you need to process there is tissue preparation protocol for pixie is quite complex issue you will see it on the slide and we can discuss about it later so now I mentioned several detectors they are already waiting on events to pixie we measure the thickness of the slice of the tissue we measure light elements with electron back scattering and then we also measure we have in beam rotating chopper I will show you next hour how we measure how many protons goes to the sample and then when you measure you have there you put discrimination limits in your spectra and you got such rough maps out of it just to know that your measurement is unfolding well you see a lot of different elements thickness, profiles everything is there in life and statistics is getting better and better ok, just example I mentioned with grain they are really interested in trace elements because it is very important for us to get zinc and iron from breath because this is our staple diet and if you cut the grain this is quite interesting shape this is map of phosphorus and you can do 2x2mm but you can also zoom you will see to individual cells these are individual cells in seed envelope and then for example I am a tea drinker a lot of tea is produced on soils which are full of aluminium I always was asking myself what the hell I drink every morning and tea with spiked tea with special minerals and I will show you where that minerals are accumulated aluminium is of concern in human diet you see aluminium where are you here this is cross section of a tea leaf and you see all aluminium is in upper and lower epidermis even tea plant does not like it it comes with other minerals in it and then it puts this into the epidermis but if you zoom this is you see very strange feature these are single layer of epidermis cells and you see that where you have for example potassium here there is a hole in aluminium actually plant is so clever that it doesn't kill epidermis cells but somehow pushes aluminium between the cell membrane and the cell wall where is an active space and that's a story of aluminium in tea these samples we cut everything from 10 to 50 micrometers depends what you are looking for if we look for cadmium which is spectroscopic extremely difficult you need thick slices but you will lose cellular contrast because one cell is roughly 10, 20, 30 micrometers if you would like to see individual cells then better cut slightly less than diameter of the cells you will still see the cellular wall of each individual cell ok now this is in vacuum in vacuum, yes dried tissue according to special protocols ok additional thing is that if you have such individually grown cells it's astonishing that you can scale how much particular mineral is individual cell I will just show you an example these are human cells grown on very thin foils and this is just an example we did hundreds of cells in different cultivation procedures and for example this cell after the evaluation you can tell your doctor or biologist it's 3.3 picograms of potassium and 21.1 of gold nanoparticles in picograms extreme elemental sensitivity and as again these are when you dry these cells they are thin pixel samples quantification is quite simple because there's you can check how much absorption is there but you see the absorption is very small and stopping through the cell is also very small ok, now the last thing we did I was very proud presenting this also on the IBA conference because we see because of the paper at the end but proteins are very interesting thing you imagine biologists know exact composition of protein if it's contained inside ten thousand amino acids they know exact sequence of feature of them for us, for me, it's really impressive but then I was shocked they were asking me can you measure whether we have in this perfectly known protein 2, 3, 4 centers we'd think say what, ask me again we don't know how much zinc is in how do you don't know if you know ten thousand amino acid sequences no, we have no technique to determine it and then this is the thing that Jeff Grime started in beginning of 2000 and we were following his way so what's also very nice forget about all those normalization and everything the easiest thing is your sample has a substance that you know how much is it in, that we call it internal standard and purified proteins have internal standard in it because among 20 amino acids or something you have two amino acids contain sulfur methionin and cystein and you ask them if I would get from you how much sulfur is it in I can do it for you otherwise and they tell you immediately they know all the sequence of amino acid so internal standard is always there and then life for us working with is trivial and simple so we just applied solution on very thin foil we are using 100 nanometer thick piola forum we suspend several droplets on it measure the spectra you see the sulfur in our case you see golden ions you see zinc which was pollution at the beginning they couldn't purify this protein for example very well should not be seen there and that's how the maps look like in micro probe because you call it coffee stain effect where all the material is transferred to the edges of this droplet this is roughly 1.5 millimeter big circle that you analyze and you can check the thickness and extract for your map spectra just from the thickest part and so on see this is thin you check how much you thin the sample for example we were running 20 hours on this one thinning is not there so we don't evaporate anything from proteins and at the end we provide for a special protein containing 24 rings how many gold atoms are there to bind this bucky ball made of protein rings together this is so called synthetic protein very interesting cage which you can open close just by changing the pH in your solution and just in May we were finally got first paper in nature which is for our group really success. Future of Pixie just one year ago I was opponent on a PhD thesis in Ivaskila where they have one of I would say five arrays of with test transition sensor arrays you have series of small gold blocks in this array and each of them is kept in this transition between superconductive and normal state and now imagine you put you hit this golden block with X-ray and as heat capacity at such low temperature so small you really heat up with a single X-ray that small block and because of this these blocks start to jump on this transition edge going up and then with reverse cycle you push it back and you measure how much you need to push it back that's the principle electronically you must push it back again state and then you get the fantastic energy resolution Pixie we are doing with 140 EV I mentioned to you you can do pixie with this detector at 14 EV ten times better one thing is that you resolve interferences and other is that if you sometimes you have so called chemical shifts that can be in a matter of even two free electron volts and if your resolution is like 10 or 15 electron volts you already see the shift of energy because your element is in particular chemical state you are slowly getting to the place where you don't do just elemental analysis but also chemical analysis we are all dreaming about such detectors detector that is able to do this but it's a big of like five seats together here and you cover really extremely small energy range with crystal brak diffraction here again you see what is the edit value one spectra in one shot there's a comment on that we just acquired in the cyber reserve VWDX detector that has resolution of few tens of electron volts like 40 something like that and that does entire energy range you have mechanics in it anyway when I was student at the university professor Knoll I was privileged came to our place and gave a lecture and he said it's a question of few years when everybody will work with these detectors with super conductive detectors will rule the world in the next decade now I am getting called almost it's almost 30 years since then and these are the first detectors that do the job reasonably and they are very difficult to maintain but anyway time will make it sooner or later and now let me take five minutes break for everybody and I will prepare small goopics run on one of the files