What is going on everybody, Astos here, welcome back to another video. So in this video, we're going to be doing an overall market update, taking a look at the Dow Jones, the S&P 500 and the NASDAQ. We're going to be doing a quick trading update. What am I personally doing in terms of my trading? Did I day trade today? Did I enter into any new swing trading positions? We're going to be talking about that in today's video, as well as briefly taking a look at some other stocks and ETFs that I'm keeping my eyes on and that did well today. So before we do get into the topic of today's video for everybody out there that finds value in these videos, you enjoy the content that I'm putting up here on YouTube, feel free to go down below and hit that like button. It really supports me and supports the channel in general. And if you guys want me to talk about a specific stock or ETF on Sunday's video, the video in two days from now, feel free to drop a comment down below with that ticker symbol, whether it be a stock, an ETF. And I'll get to it if I see potential in it on Sunday's video. So keep an eye out for Sunday's video if you do drop a comment down below. And you can also put it in the call out section in our free Discord group chat, which is linked down below in the description box. So without further ado, guys, let's talk about what is going on right now in the stock market. Let me quickly plug in my laptop because I seem to always forget to do that when I'm recording these videos. So right now, guys, we do have about 33 minutes left in the market. So we will see some action live here. But the S&P 500 today, the entire market in general has been on an absolute tear. The S&P is up right now nearly 27 points, up about 0.92%. Very beautiful move here today in terms of the 500 largest U.S. publicly traded companies. The Dow Jones Industrial Average up 0.77%, a pretty solid 203-point day so far with about 33 minutes left in the market.  So the markets today, again, absolutely unbelievable. A lot of the large cap stocks, I know my face is here, but Netflix is up $5 today, Microsoft up another $2.50, Google's up 20 points, Facebook at a killer day right so far, Amazon, even Apple's doing very well right now. A bunch of these big name stocks, they're doing very, very well, specifically the tech stocks which is why, hence why the NASDAQ is doing very well compared to the other ones that we are seeing here. So let's just go to the S&P very quickly. We'll break down some technicals. And what I said in yesterday's video will also follow up on that. So we noticed over the past couple of days for those of you all that have been paying attention to the markets and especially to my videos here on YouTube, we were talking about the big sell-off that the SPX had, right? We saw the Federal Reserve meeting on Wednesday from there. It kind of snuck the market a bit, right? The market fell from $29.53 all the way down to $2900 flat in the span of two days. And at that point, guys, we were talking about how the S&P was at a critical support on a couple of different time frames, right? We talked about how the sell-off brought us to this 180 simple moving average support on the one hour or the 20-day one hour chart, rather, right? The sell-off also brought us to the 50 simple moving average support here on the 180 four hour chart. So this, the sell-off brought us to a support level on multiple different time frames, which was very good. And we noticed how towards the end of yesterday, right? Towards the after hours yesterday, the S&P 500 was slowly forming a green bullish candlestick on top of the 50 simple moving average, which was very good, right? This was telling me that, okay, this could be a point in time where we're consolidating shown support on this level. And this could be really one step away from the confirmation of the continuation of the uptrend, right? So this first step was first seeing support, which we did yesterday. And the second step, obviously, would be to pop up, to gap up, which we ended up seeing this morning. So as of now, guys, it really looks like the S&P wants to hit another all-time high. We see the all-time high here at about 29.54. It looks like it's heading up there for this upcoming week. I doubt it's going to hit it in this video, right? In the next 30 minutes, that would be absolutely unbelievable, right? You really can't ever say never, but I don't think it's going to hit it today. But for sure, next week, I think there's a big possibility that we do end up continuing and end up breaking out of the resistance, which is, rather, 29.54, again, that previous all-time high that we made a couple of trading days ago. So everything is looking pretty solid right now for the continuation of the uptrend on the SPX. The Dow Jones Industrial Average, guys, we were talking about this particular trend right here yesterday. Remember this trend line that I ended up drawing out in the videos? We were talking about how the Dow Jones sold off from the 26.700 level. We saw the double top there.  We were trying to hold above 26.400. This support level here ended up breaking that one. But the good thing that we did saw, or see, rather, or saw, what's the grammar on that? The good thing we saw is that we ended up holding the 26.200 level yesterday. And if we look on the 5-day-5 minute, we can see that exactly, right? We gapped down, gapped down 26.200 roughly. We ended up closing the day on an upswing. And then we gapped up aggressively this morning, confirming the bounce at around 26.200, right? Confirming that very nice bounce. And that bounce happened to be at the support level at 26.200 and at a higher low, illustrated here by this trend line, meaning the uptrend is 100% still intact for the Dow. And we can see today, guys, we broke out of the 26.400 resistance. And we're back in that channel, horizontal channel from 26.400, that level being a new support now. And 26.800, which is the resistance near this level up here that we need to break out of for us to test, ultimately test those all-time highs from back in October, which are nearly 27,000 for the Dow Jones Industrial Average Index here. So that's it for the Dow, guys. Pretty solid day. The uptrend is continuing. Very nice movement there. And hopping over here to the NASDAQ, guys, this one's pushing up even further from where we started off this video. Absolutely beautiful move here. So notice how the all-time highs from back in October, 2018 were roughly 77.25-ish, roughly 7.700 right around here, right? Notice how that's exactly where we ended up holding above today. We bounced from there, made that 1.5% move to where we are right now in the NASDAQ. So very solid move here, bounced on that support. We were talking about that being a very critical level. And the fact that we bounced on that level, we're pushing up to an all-time high, close to an all-time high. That's confirming in my eyes right through my technical analysis here that the NASDAQ is continuing the upswing, right? We're pushing at a higher low here. And we want to potentially get to another all-time high. So take a look. If I draw a quick little upwards trend line here, take a look at this, guys. Probably from here it would illustrate it better. But if we do something like that, take a look at where we ended up bouncing, right? Perfectly on that trend line that I just drew for you all. And again, we're continuing the uptrend. So there's really not much other than what I just talked about. Nothing else to cover, honestly, guys. This is all looking dandy, right? This is all looking great. We got the jobs report today. Very, very solid data from that. That could be, in my personal opinion, a catalyst to the market's growth today, right? Very, very big catalyst to the growth that we're experiencing today. And everything's just looking really good right now, guys. But don't let all this stuff cloud your judgment, right? Don't let this fool you in terms of us pushing up forever, right? Understand how there's going to be a time period. No one knows when. But there's going to be a time period where we are going to see another big correction. I'm not saying it's going to be this big, right? This was nearly 20% drop here in the NASDAQ and the overall market. But this, you know, guys, this push that we're seeing here in 2019, this is not going to go on for the whole year, for the next two years, right? There's going to be a point in time. That's all I'm saying, that we're going to see maybe a 10%, 15%, 8% retracement where this can end up coming back down to here, right? This can end up coming back down to 7,200, 7,300. So don't just really just be mindful of that. That's all I'm trying to say here. So that is all for today's market update, guys. Let me know down below in the comment section what you guys think about this. I would love to know what you all have to think about this. So let's talk about what I ended up doing today in terms of my trading. So not much in terms of the day trading side of things, but I ended up opening up a swing position like I'm sure you saw in the title on Google stock, guys. So let's talk about Google stock very quickly towards the beginning of this trading update section of the video. Google stock is one that I've been watching due to the big pullback that we saw after earnings, right? They didn't report too great of an earnings. And I was talking about how this, in my opinion, was opening up a pretty solid swing opportunity on one of the biggest companies out there in the entire world, that one being Alphabet Inc., also known as Google, also known as ticker symbol G-O-O-G. And what I told you guys and what I've been saying in these videos was that I want to see a bit of consolidation and a bit of a bottom being formed in Google before I at least add a 10%, 15% position into it, right? And by that, I mean when I'm doing swing trading, guys, with these large cap companies, especially, I'm not hopping in with 100% of my goal position right off the bat, right? So let's say for Google, for example, I'm not hopping in with, let's say my goal position is $20,000, right? I'm not hopping in right away with $20,000. I would scale in with, let's say, maybe $4,000 at first, right? Which would be 20% of my goal position. So in this way, in this case, right, if it ends up going down initially, right, let's say it ends up plummeting or something like that, I wouldn't lose as much money as I would have if I went in with that full $20,000, right? I hope that makes sense to you guys. It's kind of like mitigating risk in a way and being cautious and preserving capital, right? It's not me being greedy, trying to just bet the farm on a trade, right? I'm being really just really cautious, conservative and really just preserving the capital. That's the whole entire, one of the whole entire ideas and goals of trading is not to just blow your account, right, on one trade. Not saying that Google will end up blowing my account. I'm just saying this is the mindset that I'm taking with every single trade or the mindset going through my head with every single trade that I'm taking, right? So we saw the big sell-off in Google that opened up about 10% in margin. And it seems like we are finding a bottom here at about 1160, right? We can see on the five-day five-minute chart, if we zoom in a bit, right? We were talking about how over these past couple of videos, we didn't really find a bottom quite yet because we were forming lower lows every single day, right? The 50 SMAs, the 180 SMA here on the five-day five-minute chart, they were acting as resistance points. But what do we see here, guys? What the market's doing well today, Google ended up breaking out of those levels of resistance, the 50 and the 180. And now we're starting to see a reversal to the upside. Not only are we seeing a bullish cross of the 50 over the 180 in terms of the simple moving averages. We're also seeing the candlesticks holding those levels as a new support, which is a very good sign as well. So I noticed this morning, guys, when we ended up gapping up pretty aggressively up to 1170 from the close at about 1159 yesterday. And this is where I ended up taking a position in Google. Again, I'm in with a smaller portion of my goal position, about 20% with this position. And I do plan on adding more money once. And if we break above $1,200, that's my next goal target right now on Google. That's what I'm looking to do. Right now, I'm comfortable. I'm up about 1% on my position. Nothing crazy. Just looking to add some more at about $1,200. And from there, guys, every $15, $20 that we go up, I'm looking to scale into it more and more. And based off my analysis, guys, this is looking to be, if everything goes as planned, probably a three-week, maybe one-month, two-month swing trade, as it does slowly start to recover. And let's say we end up popping up aggressively, and we end up going to, hypothetically now, guys, let's say we end up going up 5%, 6% in the matter of a week. At that point, I'd probably just take my profits for a very quick gain. But judging off the previous movements on Google, it's not a straight shooting up stock. We see a little bit of movement followed by a pullback, right? A little bit of movement followed by a pullback, which is why I think it's going to take a bit longer on this one for it to recover and for me to coop up that 5%, 6%, 7%, 8% roughly that area of percentage that I do want to grab for profit. So Google, guys, that's the number one new one that I ended up adding to the portfolio rather today. Some other ones that I'm already in that are doing pretty well today, very well, mind you, are Facebook, right? I was in Facebook at around 193. Facebook is doing very well today, and it seems like it is holding that 195 level that I want it to close at so badly. And for it to maintain this 195 level as a new support before trucking back up to the high 190s and possibly cracking into the $200 level, roughly where I want to add more money. And I've been talking about this over the past couple of videos, guys, that every time it seemed like we got to the 195 level, we sold off, right? 195 sold off, 195 sold off. We tried to get back this day, sold off, but today, with the market being strong, we got the 196, we're selling off, and it seems like we're maintaining 195 right now towards the close of the market. Let me show you guys very quickly here. See, take a look at that. Resistance, resistance, resistance. Now we're maintaining it as a new support, and now I just want to gap up to 198. Hopefully next week we can fill that gap. Let me know down below in the comment section if you think Facebook will. I think there's a high likelihood that it does, especially if the markets do very well since Facebook's a large cap company off the top of my head. Don't quote me on this. I forget exactly. I haven't really checked it in a while, but I think their market cap is around $200 billion, I think roughly that area last time I did check, but that doesn't really matter. All I'm just trying to say is, the bigger the market cap, the more it gets affected by overall market fluctuations in terms of the S&P, NASDAQ, Dow, whatever, right? So that's what I'm doing in terms of Facebook. And the other one, Procter & Gamble guys. Procter & Gamble ended up doing pretty good today, right? Yesterday I was talking about how I still think there's more upside in Procter & Gamble. I got a question yesterday. Do you think Procter & Gamble is going to go up on Friday, which is today when I'm recording this video? I said yes, right? Because if we're just looking at this five-day five-minute pattern here, well, let's look at the 10-day 30-minute pattern very quickly. What do we notice here, guys, on Procter & Gamble? There's a very, very critical and kind of predictable pattern it's been on. One day it pops up, followed by a pullback the next day. Pops up, followed by a pullback, pops up, followed by a pullback. And this one wasn't a full pop-up to a higher high, which is why I thought it would continue to push up, right? Which it's doing right now, but we didn't end up popping to a higher high, which in my opinion, right? With this little pullback that we're seeing here, we might end up having another green day on Monday for Procter & Gamble to push to a higher high past 106.50 before we see another retracement in the stock. That's kind of what I'm thinking right now. So let me draw that out for you and show you what can end up happening, right? Let's say this gray area is Monday, for example, from hypothetical right here. We could end up doing something like that, right? Potentially, where we hop up to 107 from this pullback that we're seeing heading into market close. And then Wednesday or Tuesday, rather, we could end up seeing a little bit of a retracement here, continuing the pattern that we're on. That's probably, I'm not saying it's going to happen 100%, but based off this previous pattern that I'm seeing, that's probably in my personal opinion, again, do your own research, what's going to happen with Procter & Gamble. So that's it guys, honestly. Those are the three main swing positions that I'm in right now. Might as well talk or really bring to light. You guys already know this, if you've been following me for a couple of weeks, months at this point, but NEO stock is actually one of my spec plays that I got in a couple of weeks, months ago at this point. And NEO is doing very, very well today, believe it or not. It's up 6%. It's up from the one day, one minute. It popped up very quick up to 511. So I don't know exactly. I didn't really do too much research into it, but NEO, there's definitely a catalyst here that popped the stock up. NEO has laid off 70 employees in closing office in Silicon Valley. I don't know how that can surge the stock, but what I'm seeing here on live news, all the news that we're seeing, that was from yesterday. So that couldn't be the catalyst. There's definitely some catalysts here that I have to look into, but I thought I'd mention it here during the trading portion of this video because this is one that I'm in. Again, it's a spec play. I literally only have like 5, 600 bucks in this. I put an amount of money that I'm willing to lose 100%. Literally like if this money left my account, like I wouldn't even notice it. And it's just kind of a fun stock to just follow. Fun stock to just put a little bit of money in and see where it goes, right? I don't really recommend people to do that. Or really you can do that if you want to play with some stocks if and only if you are willing to lose that money 100%. Which again, I'm willing to lose my money here on NEO. It's just a spec play guys. So I figured I'd just mention it here due to it being popping up very aggressively to be quite frank. And one step to the upside here would break us out of the 180S and may resistance. And that would be a very interesting move on NEO in terms of a technical basis. So that's it for the trading portion of the video guys. Let's just quickly hammer out some stocks that are doing very well today. And again, drop a comment down below if you guys want me to talk about any ticker symbols for Sunday's video. Let me know down below in the comment section right now. Drop that comment and I'll get to it. If I see potential, oh my God, these burps guys, potential in the stock. So, okay, we talked about Google, right? That's the number one that I'm interested in swing trading. Procter and Gamble and Facebook. So there's no need to go into those in terms of technicals. But let's talk about Tesla today guys. This stock is absolutely on a tear these past two days. We can see today it's up another $10, up 4.3% here. And we're struggling now at this point to get above this 257, 256, 258-ish level of resistance. So this upcoming week guys, this is a level to keep an eye on for Tesla, right? We need to see for the uptrend to start here, we need to see a 260 break and hold in my personal opinion. And for us to test, like I've been saying over these past couple of months, I know I sound like a broken record at this point. But for Tesla to start and get out of this downwards channel trend that we've been in, we just simply need to break out of these moving averages guys.  We just need some catalyst at this point to just get us out of this level.  So another one that I wanted to talk about and kind of just go over, again, is ATV. This is one that reported earnings yesterday, right? But it's not really showing much of a movement to the upside here. But one thing to just keep an eye on guys is are we going to truck back up into the $48 level on ATV? If we do on a technical basis, that would be very good because we're seeing, if we do end up doing that, we'll be getting out of this resistance, maintaining it as a new support and then slowly starting to truck up to the next resistance, which is at about $51.30. So ATV, ATV, I definitely want to keep an eye on. I got a question actually on 3M, 3M company. This was kind of in the same situation as Google, right? Ticker symbol G-O-O-G. But the difference here is 3M hasn't quite yet, in my opinion, found a bottom, right? If we're going to the 20 day one hour, we're still seeing the straight on resistance from the 50SMA, right? The EMAs, everything is just pushing this one down on 3M. So we need to see a full-on break out of this level, maybe into the 190 levels, maybe into the 195 levels before considering it a bottom and a full-on reversal to the upside. So 3M, I think this is, again, a very similar scenario to Google. I think this one can offer a great swing opportunity if and only if we do end up popping back up. So let's talk about Disney very quickly, ticker symbol D-I-S. This one's been selling off aggressively, guys. We're starting to see a new support roughly at about 133, 134. So if we end up holding this level, reverse to the upside, maybe to 136, 137, this can also be a good opportunity for Disney. So I'm going to end off the video here, guys. If you enjoyed this video, feel free to go down below and hit that like button. Again, it really supports me and supports the channel in general. If you want me to talk about a stack and ETF in the next video, again, drop a comment, the ticker symbol, I'd be glad to talk about that. And if you're not subscribed to the channel already, hit that red button, subscribe, hit that notification bell so you're notified every time that I do make a video. I'll catch you all in the next video. I appreciate every single one of you watching the content and means a lot to me. Peace out, guys. Have a good one. Great weekend. I'll see you all in the next video.


Hello and welcome to this presentation where we will be featuring and discussing the basics of the Nucleo L552-ZEQ, the Board of Choice for the Hands-On Virtual Trust Zone Activation Webinar. In this video, our agenda consists of four key discussion points. We'll begin by locating important information pertaining to the L5 Nucleo board. Then a board unboxing demonstration will follow. Moving forward, we'll dissect the Nucleo and highlight some of the key components on board. Lastly, we'll wrap up the video with a few recommendations where you can delve deeper and learn more. Great, let's get started. In this section, we'll review where you can find information and the various documents available pertaining to the STM32-L5 Nucleo board. Starting at st.com, search for the Nucleo L552-ZEQ. You will then be led to the Nucleo's landing page, in particular the Overview tab. The landing page provides you with a brief overview of the product and lists several key features of the board. The Documentation tab lists relevant documents pertaining to the L5 Nucleo board. Please note that if you're looking for more specific documents such as the microcontroller status sheet, reference manual, or errata, you will have to perform a further search for the microcontroller part number on st.com. Under the CAD Resources tab, you will find a collection of layout files, the board's schematic, and the board's bill of materials file. Now that we've covered the documentation portion of this presentation, let's proceed onward to what you can expect when you receive your Nucleo board. Each board comes in sleek plastic packaging and pre-loaded with a demonstration firmware. To run this demo, you will need two additional things, a PC and a USB Type-B MicroCable. Start by removing the board from its packaging and locate the USB ST link. Replace the cable's micro-B side to the board and the other side to your PC. You should then see a solid red LED near the USB ST link connector and the onboard user LED's flash in a sequence. We have now confirmed that the board is working as expected and are ready to start developing. Now that you've seen the board, I know what to expect. Let's familiarize ourselves with a few important onboard components. At the heart of the Nucleo board, you will find the STM32 microcontroller. In the case of this Nucleo board, the STM32 L552ZE T6Q. These letters and numbers make up a code that represents, features and describes some aspect of the microcontroller. Details that you can derive from the Micro's naming convention include, but are not limited to, product type, sub-family, pin count, flash memory size, and package. All of this information can be found in the microcontroller's data sheet, namely under the ordering information section. There are three user-accessible LEDs on the Nucleo board. LD3, a red LED connected to PA9. LD2, a blue LED connected to PB7. And finally, LD1, a green LED connected to PC7. There are two push buttons available on the Nucleo board. On the lower left-hand corner is a blue user button. This button can be accessed through pin PC13. On the other side, in the lower right-hand corner is a black button. This button is connected directly to the micro's reset line. Toward the middle of the board, on both the left and right-hand side, you will see header footprints. These provide direct access to all of the microcontroller's IOs and are denoted as CN11 and CN12 on the board. Moving inward, there are also another set of connectors. They allow for easy access to add-ons compatible with Arduino Uno, mounting of our ex-Nucleo shields, and are denoted as CN7, CN8, CN9, and CN10. The SCM32-L5 Nucleo board comes with an onboard ST-Link V2-1, which can function as a debugger or programmer. The ST-Link is a mass storage programmer, allowing for drag-and-drop binary programming and supports debugging via the SWD interface. To access the ST-Link, simply plug in your USB to the ST-Link USB connector denoted onboard as CN1. Upon connecting the Nucleo board to your PC, you can check the status of the ST-Link connection using the ST-Link COM LED on the upper right-hand corner of the Nucleo. There are a total of five different possible ST-Link COM LED states. Blinking red indicates the first USB enumeration with the PC is taking place. Solid red indicates the communication between the PC and ST-Link has been established. Blinking red and green, alternately, indicates that data is being exchanged between the PC and the board. Solid green indicates that the last communication has been successful. Solid orange indicates that the ST-Link's communication with the target has failed. Now that you know where to find relevant board documents, what to expect upon receiving your board and are familiar with the key onboard components, you may find yourself wondering what's next and how can I learn more. There are numerous videos available on our ST-Microelectronics YouTube channel, in particular for the STM32 L5 series.  To help you get started developing your next project, we first recommend getting familiar with the STM32 CUBE L5 MCU package that can be found on st.com. In this MCU package, you will find numerous application examples, example projects of all variations and so much more. To supplement this MCU package, please review UM-2656AN-5424 and UM-2659. Thank you for watching. We hope that you enjoyed this brief introduction to the STM32 L5 Nucleo Board. See you next time.


Hello and welcome to NewsClick. Today we are joined by Indira Jayasin, a senior advocate at the Supreme Court of India and also the founder of the Lawyers Collective and the Leaflet.  Now there's been a lot of attempts at muddying the water, especially by authorities of the state. We have also heard reports of a PR firm being brought in to supply all kinds of information. So at this point it's very essential that we are able to take a precise look at what exactly happened, what was the kind of response that the state had, what was the kind of response the various institutions of the state had. Indira Jayasin is a lawyer who has worked extensively on many of these issues including on the framing of laws. So thank you so much for joining us. So first of all, I wanted to quickly ask in terms of the institutional response of the state in the immediate aftermath of the incident that was on September 14th when the very wild brutal assault took place. How do you see its successes and failures? So let's deconstruct the word state to begin with and how many different agencies that it involved. We all know that when a crime occurs and a crime of this magnitude, the first people that are accessed from the state is the police. And then equally importantly, equally urgently, equally responsible is the medical profession. Because the minute a rape of this nature is reported to the police, the first thing they need to do is to take the victim directly to a public hospital where she's not only given treatment, but she's also permitted to make whatever statement she wishes to make. Most public hospitals do have a constable placed within the hospital who's meant to access the nearest police station and make sure that she's given an opportunity to record her statement. So these are the two agencies of the state that we have to first look up for when we talk of things like accountability. Right. So in this context, in the immediate aftermath of the incident, if we can maybe take a look at what exactly happened, do we see that what are these institutions, both the medical system and the police system, able to actually give her any of the kind of support that she needed at that point of time? Right. Now we all know that the first thing the police are supposed to do is to record what we call a first information report. I'd like to emphasize the word first. In law, the credibility of the first point of time at which information is provided to the police is what is needed and what the law pays maximum attention to. Now, when you come to a victim, the victim can either relay this information or really now in a case of this time, you don't expect her to pen it down in writing and give it to the police station or give it in writing. Now we are dealing with the case in which I would say things are self-evident because when her mother states that when she saw her daughter, her tongue was sticking out, her eyes were popping out and she was naked. Where is the need for a complaint? The body speaks for itself and at that point of time, the police were expected to record what they saw, what was said to them and that would become the first information report based on which all investigations proceed. So I would like your channel and your viewers to understand the significance of the urgency involved when a crime takes place. We all know that no one can tapper with the scene of offense and here we are dealing with a situation where the body is the location of the offense. So this is what they were expected to do. The first level of failure was no FIR was recorded. Let me tell you this is in law a crime in the year 2013. A section was introduced into the Indian Penal Code which makes it an offense not to record an FIR. So that s the first level of institutional failure. Now the next level would be when she gets taken to the hospital. I am not in a position to directly comment on that because very recently I ve read a report which is actually indicating that the doctors who dealt with her have put it on record that in their opinion there was a penetration of the child. As I said, I m handicapped because I don t have a copy of that report and perhaps rightly so I think the doctors have acted wisely in not making the report public. But what is shocking to me is that in the face of that report you have now let s go to the next level of state. We ve been through the first and second level of state. Where do we come to the third level of state? The third level of state would be the bureaucracy within the state that is charged with the duty of making sure that crime is properly investigated. And it s there that you have officials of the state come out openly and deny that any rape ever occurred. First of all, it s no part of their duty to say that. These bureaucrats are not PR agencies. They are sworn to secrecy. Their job is to make sure that the investigation is done without any political interference. And here you have the opposite. What impact is it going to have on investigation if you have a person from the state coming and saying, oh, but there was no rape. You re just encouraging your investigators to say, of course there was no rape.  But the point is that to deny a rape ever took place is to deny a very emotive, cultural, social, gendered and caste issue. It can t be wished away. It s not good enough to say, well, well, we have an FIR for murder. So what does it matter if we don t have an FIR? It matters. And that s why I m surprised to see officials of the state come out and say there was no rape at a premature point of time. And this also, I would also like to come to the much later incident which is on the September, on 30th of September immediately, 29th of September, she succumbed to her injuries. Early in the hours of the 30th of September, that s Tuesday, the body was taken back to a native place. Her family says that they were barricaded in their homes while her body was cremated. And this has been one of the aspects that has really shocked people across the country, massive protests across the country, people just expressing sheer disbelief at how this has happened. So how did they even manage to do that? As in what were the grounds by which they could actually take the body and cremate it in that manner? So this brings up another level of state. And that is the South Virginia hospital. My question is, by what authority of law was this body released to a person who s not the next of kin? Yes, it was released to UP police, but why? UP police are not her next of kin, all right? And that hospital has to answer to the question, why was this body released to somebody who had no legal claim to the body? I think I m very happy to note that the Division Bench of the Alavatha High Court is focusing its attention on this because the question that it raises is, to whom does a dead body belong? Now, I want to say this loud and clear that a body, dead or alive, does not belong to the state. I think this is a little discussed issue. And all of us, because we know that we live in a society regulated by law, we tend to take it for granted that the state can do what they want to do with you. They can decide when you get up, when you go to sleep, when you eat, what you eat, what you don t eat, what you say, what you don t say, and similarly have complete control over our bodies, okay? So I think this case gives us this opportunity to say loud and clear our bodies belong to ourselves, that we have bodily autonomy in life as in death.  So you have another institutional failure over there. It s not good enough to say, well, we gave it to the police. If they gave it to the police, then they must explain that they did it only for the purpose of being handed over to the next of kin, if at all. The correct thing for them to do would have been to put the body in a morgue and to send for the next of kin and hand it over to the next of kin. Well, I mean, you know, this is something that needs to be said, because there are other high profile cases, which I don t want to mention at this time, they are extremely sensitive, where I ve seen this thing happening, that the body was handed over one minute. There have been cases where the next of kin were not called to witness the postmortem. They have to be called to witness the postmortem. But there are cases in the past, which I m alluding to, where postmortems have been done, where people have died under suspicious circumstances. The next of kin were not summoned to witness the postmortem and the body was handed over to a stranger, if I may say so. So yes, your question is absolutely on the dot and someone has to answer for this. Absolutely. And also, just before going into some of the maybe larger dimensions as well as the future part, the other key question is that the woman did at a give a verbal testimony naming the suspects. So on what grounds basically are the police even saying something you raised as well that there was no possibility of rape? So what is even the logic of that?  And everything that happened thereafter is pointing to that conclusion. Somebody somewhere is doing a massive cover-up. Now it s one thing, yes, you hand over the body to a stranger, but by what authority did they cremate it? And that too against the consent of the family in their absence. Today I ve heard the family say things like it wasn t even her body. See, there is a logic for ensuring that the chain of custody of the scene of the crime, in which case the scene of the crime, it is her body which was the locus of the crime, is not disrupted. There s a logic to it. And the logic to it is also to build a sense of confidence in those who have a right to know what s going on with their next of kin. That chain is broken when you take away the dead body from the custody of the person to whom it belongs, that is the next of kin. Of course, they themselves would have cremated the body in accordance to their, in accordance with their wishes, their customs, their traditions, whatever it may be. And this was not allowed. Again, this is an egregious crime in and of itself. And someone has to answer for this. And I m very glad once again to say the love of God is focusing his attention on this issue. Absolutely. And in this context, of course, that was, like you said, that was just one of the manifestations of this attitude because after the September 30th, we saw how the family was not allowed to speak to the media. The media were not let in. There were reports of the district magistrate even talking to them in a threatening way. So we do see that there has been a continuous attempt to make sure that information, a lot of information does not get out. But it did. And once there was an outreach, now the government itself has recommended a CBI probe. So do you see this as in any way a positive sign or how would you see that? Well, the family itself has rejected the idea of a CBI probe. So if it's if it's about sensitivity to their wishes, I think we should defer to them. Somewhere I get the impression in this case, it isn't even going to be enough to make sure that there is a proper investigation and a prosecution. What I would ideally like to see is a commission of inquiry separately from the prosecution. A commission of inquiry under the commissions of inquiry looks into specifically the levels at which the state failed, regardless of whether she whether anybody is convicted or not convicted. That's not the point. What if ultimately in a properly conducted investigation and prosecution, it is held that there was no so far. There's been a murder anyway. But that prosecution will not go into the question of what were the levels of failure of what you first, your first question. The first word you uttered in this interview was the state. So the question really is a commission of inquiry of the levels at which you mentioned an additional level. You mentioned the district magistrate. How far up the chain of command does this failure of responsibility go? With whom does the buck stop? Will it stop with the home minister of the state? What kind of liability does he have to make sure that his bureaucracy do not interfere with a free and fair investigation? Has there been a failure at that level and compounded with the fact that this is a crime at the intersection of gender and caste? What kind of caste atrocities are Dalits facing in this country? What kind of atrocities are women facing in this country? Only a properly constituted commission of inquiry would give us the answers to this question and point to the way forward. Absolutely. And finally, maybe a slightly larger question. We remember that in 2012, after the incident of rape at Delhi, there was a massive number of protests. There was a lot of discussion at that point of time about the kind of laws that needed to be implemented. And not maybe not only that, but even before people's movements, feminist organizations, lawyers, they have been in the forefront of pushing for a very strong legal system to deal with cases like this, especially when it occurs at an intersection of caste and gender, as you pointed out. But in today's situation, how do you see the strength of these laws actually when it comes to being implemented on the ground and especially maybe in a state like Uttar Pradesh? A law is as good as its implementation. And here, I think an issue which is as important as the rape is the issue of command responsibility. Unless we address that question, we are getting nowhere with these laws. Sometimes people say it's a question of, no, it's not a question of implementation or lack of implementation. It's a political question. It is all these institutions are actually banned by people from the upper caste. And they have come to believe that they have a right to oppress. Well, I was dumbfounded when I saw a video in circulation of a very high up police officer in Madhya Pradesh who was beating up his wife. Here is a man who was given the charge of preventing crime against women, okay, an officer of the state. He's beating his wife and he's coming out in the public domain and he's saying it's not a crime to beat your wife.   It's just not. What you're seeing here is a decriminalization of crime and a crime which is in the nature of an atrocity, okay, not just a crime. So to answer your question, I don't see this as a question of lack of implementation. I see this as a lack of political will. I also see it as a lack of, you know, the mindset. Again, the word mindset has no meaning. Physically in flesh and blood, these positions are banned by people from the upper caste with no empathy, with no respect for law. Absolutely. Thank you so much, Ram, for talking to us. Thank you. That's all we have time for today. Keep watching us.


This is an interesting UI that the designer I work with gave me. So the idea is basically, we had this event for a sales team, we call it EPCOM. And we need to show which of these rooms are kind of hot rooms or which rooms have the interesting sessions going on. So we put some sensors, this was actually last year. So we put some Wi-Fi sensors from Motorola that sniffes the Wi-Fi traffic of all the devices in the region. So the designer came up with this UI.  So this is actually the term that is a perspective view. And the way you can just do it is this few line-up codes that I just grabbed from Google to create the perspective view. And what I've done is I just put a scroll view and just rotate it on a certain angle. And then everything on here can be dynamic. You can put any buttons or anything that you want. For example, I put this thing, and then you can see some charts over there, all the things. Another thing I did over here is this heat map. And there was very limited time, so I didn't have time to do it on Objective-C. And I couldn't find the open source library for this one. So what I did is this is a Java framework that I use with you. And I passed all the data to the JavaScript framework and this display this. But I think there is a better way to do it using Objective-C. And you can do more intelligent things on Objective-C. Yeah, that's it. What was the framework you used to use? For the JavaScript framework? Well, this is not a JavaScript. This is just a JavaScript file. It's not a framework, too. Just in here, just a HTML page. And then I passed some values. Yeah, I said just the X and Y value of points that we need. And just loading it on WebView and then make the background of the WebView transparent so that it will look like it's on the existing room layout. Have you seen it, Mr. Han? No.


Oh, look at the bad lighting that Lydia's got today, or what we always resolved. Also look at the lack of makeup on me. Oh my God. Hey what's up guys, welcome back to my channel. If you're new here, hi, hello. I'm Lydia, I make mental health videos pretty much every day at the minute. Today I gave you guys a poll over on Twitter, if you don't follow me on Twitter, it's just diary of Lydia. It's also linked in the description down below. If you just go follow me over there, because that is my largest social media platform. And I'm on there all the time. Today's video is all about bipolar type 1. This is the video that was voted on when you guys wanted me to talk about, and I'm also diagnosed with it. So I've been gathering questions over the last few days for what to say and what people want to know, because it's all well and good me making a video, but if it doesn't answer anyone's actual questions about it and what's to put. Which symptom is most intense for your depression or mania? Depression is linked with it. I don't know, I can handle myself when I'm manic. When I'm depressed, I just sleep. Let me first talk a bit about what bipolar type 1 actually is, because I know not everyone knows. So I'm going to read from my phone here. Bipolar 1 disorder, pronounced with polar 1, and also known as manic depressive disorder or manic depression, is a form of mental illness. A person affected by bipolar 1 has had at least one manic episode in his or her life. A manic episode is a period of abnormally elevated or irritable mood and high energy, accompanied by abnormal behaviour that disrupts life. Most people with bipolar 1 also suffer from episodes of depression. Often there is a pattern cycling between mania and depression. This is where the term manic depression comes from. Between episodes of mania and depression, many people with bipolar 1 live normal lives. Another thing I want to add in is bipolar 1 is more mania depression and episodes of psychosis. Bipolar 2, I believe, is hyper mania and depressive episodes. Don't hold me on that, I'm not. And some symptoms of bipolar type 1 are... Well, when a person is experiencing mania, these are some of the symptoms that a person might experience. Flying from one idea to the next without any correlation or logic behind it. Rapid and loud speech. That's a big one. I think most people know that one, that when someone's manic, they're very speedy at all. Almost as if they was on some kind of substance that speeds you up. So it's also going to increase energy. When you're manic, you feel like you can do absolutely anything. You feel like you can stay on edge and go up and up and up until the crash happens and then you are 10 feet under. It is such a hard thing to live with. Another symptom of it is extremely elevated self-image. I wish this was a symptom I have. I really don't.  Along with that, the con becomes a decreased need for sleep because you are basically the energiser bunning and nothing's going to stop you until you reach breaking point. So what are treatments for bipolar? According to the WebMD website, the treatment for a manic episode in bipolar 1 requires treatment with drugs such as mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, and sometimes zediasopean such as clonazepam or lorazepam. We all know this. I've sat and talked about it for ages. I ain't talking about it for much longer. And then mood stabilizers. So I'm not actually on a mood stabilizer yet. That is something I'm going to discuss with my consultant on the 15th because the last time I spoke to a consultant it wasn't my consultant. It was a cover consultant. But it was discussed and we're going to look into lamotrogene, which is technically an anticonvulsant, but it's used to treat bipolar. So I'm personally diagnosed with bipolar type 1 and it happened since I was 13 years old. It came about after I had my first psychotic episode, which I'm going to make an entire video on that story because I still have the journal entries that I wrote then and I couldn't fit it all into this video. There are some significant differences between bipolar 1 and bipolar 2. I'm not going to sit and read them all out. I'll put a little thing on screen now. Bipolar often occurs with other mental health conditions. If you follow my channel for any length of time, you will know that my diagnosis is not only. Are you retweeting things? Yes, sorry. I didn't realize your phone's on loud. I'm sorry. It occurs with other mental health conditions a lot that I am. Anyone who's followed my channel for any length of time will know that I'm diagnosed with more than bipolar. I have countless other diagnosis that impact daily things. But the reason I'm making this video is to start a conversation and talk and enjoy things. So tomorrow I'm actually going to be launching a mental health self care box that is going to be a monthly thing. I did start this last year then. A lot of things happened. This year I am all set to go. I already have stuff on Etsy which I will link in the description down below and here's a little screenshot on screen. Any support with that really is appreciated even if it's just a share. I love doing YouTube. I really, really do. And nothing is going to stop me from posting on here. If you do have any questions or want me to talk about any specific detail about bipolar or any other subject please feel free to ask in the comments down below. And yeah, I'll see you guys tomorrow with a new video. Bye and record it for 10 minutes. This is going to be our 4 minute long video. Bam.


Parenting isn't always easy, but Fleet Family Services is there to help. I'm a parent and my children didn't come with a, you know, user's manual. So you kind of, rather than learning on the job, it's great to go to these classes because you learn skills and techniques that help you manage your children at home and make it a healthier, happier environment in the home, give your child limits, and different techniques that are more successful or more effective for discipline and affection. And really, it also teaches you to understand where your children are coming from so that you can better plan what kind of discipline and affection that you're going to give them. For more information on the Common Sense Parenting class, visit your local Fleet Family Service.


Hello everyone. Welcome back to another session in Dentistry and more. Today we have a topic from oral pathology. It also comes in general medicine that is a granulocytosis. A granulocytosis before moving on. Let's see what is granulocytes and a granulocytes. So we know blood cells. We can classify blood cells as granulocytes and a granulocytes. Granulocytes are those cells which has granules in the cytoplasm and a granulocytes those without granules in the cytoplasm. So granulocytes are neutrophils, then esophils and basophils. Whereas a granulocytes are lymphocytes and monocytes. So we are studying about a condition where the granulocytes are not properly present. Since we have these granulocytes here, we might get confused about a granulocytosis but we are actually studying about granulocytes. The conditions where the granulocytes are less in number. Okay, that is what a granulocytosis is all about. So it is also known as neutropenia. Penia means less than normal. Then a granulosis, then granulopenia, granulocytopenia. So the most common condition is neutropenia. That is why it is commonly known as neutropenia. Mostly it is a reaction to the Greeks. Regarding the gender prediction, a granulocytosis occurs slightly more frequent in women than in men, possibly because of their increased rate of medication usage. Whether this high frequency is related to the increased incidence of autoimmune disease in women is actually unknown. That is also a possibility. Now moving to the age, it is actually occurs in all age groups. The congenital forms are most common in childhood and this is congenital are mostly seen in childhood. Whereas the acquired is most common in the elderly population. So that was about the age. Now the classification. So it can be congenital meaning a person is born with the condition and person can acquire it from certain drugs or medical procedures. So basically we have two types of classification. Congenital, congenital and acquired. Okay. So what are the causes of neutropenia or a granulocytosis? It is most commonly it is drug induced. Then autoimmune diseases then could be due to infections, viral, protozoa and miscellaneous problems. In autoimmune diseases we have the systemic lupus, erythematosus, SLA, then paltes syndrome, the enteric fever, septicemia, tropaculosis, HIV, the viral problems, again HIV, hepatitis B, Epstein-Bau virus infection, protozoa, malaria, carnazzar, miscellaneous it includes a plastic anemia, then hypersplenism, aglopelastic anemia, chronic autoimmune, neutropenia, cyclic neutropenia. All this comes under autoimmune. Whereas the drug induced antibacterial chloramphenicol, carotrimoxazole, penicillin, oxacycline, cyprofloxacin, gentamicin, anti-inflammatory ibuprofen, phenyl butyzoin, anti-thyroid, tyrosil and carbazol, anti-convulsants, phenytoin, valproic acid. So all can be reasons for a granulocytosis. Now the pathogenesis. Okay, pathogenesis, it could be categorized into four. One is inadequate or inadequate or ineffective formation of granulocytosis, or accelerated destruction of neutrophils, or decreased production, then decreased survival. Okay, let's see one by one. With regard to inadequate or ineffective formation of granulocytes, this can be due to bone marrow failure such as that occurs in plastic anemia, several leukemia and chemotherapeutic agents. So it is seen in aplastic anemia, various leukemia, or chemotherapeutic agents, one accelerated destruction of neutrophils. Okay, so immune-mediated reaction to neutrophils which can be caused by drugs. Okay, so an enlarged spleen can lead to spleenic sequestration and accelerated removal of neutrophils. If there is enlarged spleen, we can expect an accelerated destruction of neutrophil and utilization of neutrophils can also occur in infection. Okay, in all these cases we can see an accelerated destruction of neutrophil. Whereas decreased production is associated with a few syndromes such as cost man's syndrome, then Swatchman diamond syndrome in all these syndromes, what happens is there is decreased production. And also it could be due to leukemia, lymphoma, or plastic anemia, or chemicals, drug-induced one infections. In these cases also there will be decreased production. Decreased survival associated with again few syndromes such as Felte syndrome, Felte syndrome, and autoimmune neutropenia, SLE and also some drugs. So what are the clinical features? Clinical features it depends upon the degree of neutropenia and most commonly it is asymptomatic, chance of high-grade fever, rigorous or throat oral ulcers, abscesses, poor wound healing. So all these can be symptoms and lab diagnosis mostly it will be diagnosed by the blood smear that is a blood examination and also bone marrow examination. So in blood examination there will be acute neutropenia. And regarding the management, the first thing is colony-stimulating factors. So use of growth factors such as glandulocyte, colony-stimulating factors or glandulocyte, macrophage, colony-stimulating factor and erythropoietin can be effective in increasing neutrophil production. And use of antibiotics, combination of broad spectrum antibiotics are usually administered in case of viral and bacterial infection that is about antibiotics then corticosteroids may be used if the cause is an immunological disorder. Okay, so that was about a granular cytosis. So we learned about its introduction and when it is called a tropenia and why it is called a neutropenia and there are various names before that we studied about granular sites, granular sites and when and how it is called neutropenia then regarding the sex and age the classification its causes and regarding the pathogenesis for mechanisms its clinical features lab diagnosis and finally management. That's all for today. I will come up with a new topic in the industry and thank you.


To celebrate creative source reaching 100,000 subscribers, I've reached out to some of my favourite partners so that we can say thank you to you for all of your amazing support. For 7 days in a row I'll be launching giveaways for a total of 24 prizes worth over $6,000 so that you can get the chance to have your hands on some great studio gear and software. Each video also has a bonus secret code inside for you to get extra entries so make sure you watch the whole thing. Today's prize comes from IK Multimedia. Hi folks, I'm Mike and I hope you're well. IK Multimedia are one of my favourite companies because they produce a massive range of high quality products for the musician. They've got a really great range of products for the mobile musician and also they've recently entered into the realm of guitar pedals. I got to try a couple of those and I've got to tell you they're really pushing the boundaries of technology there. But for me, it's in the studio with their software products that they really excel. They're amongst some of my favourites.  I use it in all of my mastering chains and it's called one. I took a look at it early on as the channel was growing. Let's take a look at it now. And the first one is a mastering processor which is called one. I've actually featured this on one of my videos before because it is a standard part of my mastering process at the moment. And the reason I like it is because it's very simple and straightforward to use. You can get results from it really quickly but it isn't really sort of automated so you are actually modelling your own sound. And the reason it's so easy to do is because it's really just these knobs here which are really well labelled and they kind of make sense to me at least. So for example, if I just want to add a bit more air to the sound of my track, so that sort of top-end airy feeling, I just use that air knob there. If I want to add a bit more width to the track, I would just go to this width knob here and I could make the sound sound wider or more narrow. If I wanted to give it that push or that pump, you know, the sort of thing that you would use compressors for and I'd use this big knob here, except I don't have to worry about sort of attacks and ratios and thresholds and things like that. I can just use this knob and it cleverly works out stuff for me under the hood. Another great one is this volume control here. It's not really a volume control, it's really doing some limiting so you can make your track sound louder without actually peaking. And some other controls for bass punch to add more of an analogue feel, transients, all that kind of stuff. So it's a really straightforward, simple plug-in to use, but you can get some results from it very, very quickly indeed. So one of my favourites. In fact, my list of favourite plug-ins from IK Multimedia is just too long to talk about here, but there are some standouts. Things like their modelled instruments, Modo Bass and Modo Drums are great examples of what you can do when you don't use the usual method of sampling for virtual instruments and instead use modelling methods. It opens up a whole new range of possibilities. Recently, I took a look at Modo Drums in a video. Let's see a clip from that now. Here we are on the Customise tab and I've clicked on this snare drum here like so and I'll go ahead and click on Edit Elements so we can edit that snare drum and look at the choices available here. This is just so much fun in my opinion. So we've got the basic snare drum sound which I selected like this. Let's go ahead and tune that snare drum. Let's make it higher pitched. Cool. Let's change the damping. OK, so we'll just damp it. I'll do it completely so you can hear the difference. Here, there's a lot more ring when I have that down there and then damped on just a really, really short sound. I can change things like the diameter also of the drum. That's going to change the pitch also and the depth as well. OK, imagine that for a regular sample library, you would have to have separate samples for each one of these many, many different choices. OK, so we're already into the thousands and thousands of different samples so far with what we've done. Let's go ahead and we can change, say, the type of the snare. So a large snare to a medium. And then the tension on that snare. Isn't how fizzy it is down there with no tension. OK, that may be something you want. So lots and lots of different options there. Now the options change depending on the drums that you've selected. So I'll go ahead and change from the snare here to the kick drum. You can see a completely different interface. OK, now let's have a listen to changing the diameter on this shell and the depth. OK, so they're kind of each individual one can be quite subtle. But when you combine them all together, you can really change the sound of these drums. So my list of favourites from IK Multimedia is really extensive. It includes things like Amplitube 5, which is actually my favourite guitar amp sim. And if you want to create some orchestral music, definitely check out Miroslav Philharmonic 2. It's absolutely incredible. So I'm so pleased to tell you that the prize that IK Multimedia have offered for this giveaway includes all of my favourite plugins and pieces of software from them. It's the Total Studio Max 3.5 Bundle, which is one of their flagship products, and it's worth around about nine hundred and ninety nine dollars. So one lucky winner is going to get their hands on this prize. So how do you go about entering? We'll talk about that in a moment. But first of all, let's talk about the things that you don't have to do to enter this giveaway. So some of the things you don't have to do to enter this giveaway is subscribe to this channel, like this video or leave a comment down below. Those are definitely things you don't have to do. Now, if you do think that maybe in the future, you'll find this channel useful, then go ahead and subscribe. If you do that, make sure you ring the bell so that you get notifications about my other videos. And if you just want to say thanks, hit the like button. But I'd love to hear from you actually about which part of this prize you're most excited about winning. But as I say, you don't actually have to do any of those things. So what do you have to do? So to enter this giveaway, visit homestudiogiveaway.com slash IK Multimedia or follow the link in the description down below. When you get there, you're going to find that there's multiple ways to enter. And in fact, you can enter multiple times to increase your chances. So I look forward to seeing your entries over there. Thank you so much to IK Multimedia for putting up this fantastic prize. And thank you again to all of you who have helped me get to 100,000 subscribers. I'll see you in the next giveaway video.


This trustee August is hotter than ever at Appalachian Wireless, as they are slashing all normal contract pricing on all smartphones by 50% when you sign up for service. Better service, bigger saving, serving you for the last 25 years at Appalachian Wireless. The Hatfield Volunteer Fire Department hosted its first ever poker run Saturday. Dozens of ATV and UTV enthusiasts joined together for what they thought would benefit the fire department. We're underfunded the way it is, so we need every dime we get. Participants drove five hours through the hills of eastern Kentucky, making several stops and taking a lunch break in the middle. It just brings in the community and lets them see what we're about. The Hatfield Fire Department hosts various fundraisers every year. However, this year the fire crew wanted a change. We're trying to come up with a fundraiser that's manageable.  It takes numbers to pull off something like that. With a poker run, we can get by with one or two here and then four more stations. That's a total of five or six people. It's good community, clean fun. While this year's fundraiser was different, the proceeds also went somewhere else. At the end of the day, the fire department surprised Assistant Fire Chief Jody Bailey by giving his family the money. Bailey lost his home to a fire last month while no one was home. Reporting in Hatfield for EKB News, I'm Shelby Steele.


Hello? Hello? Yeah? Hi? Can you hear me? Good morning, everyone. My name is Jose Luis, and I'm here to speak a little bit about robots and how was the evolution of the robot operative system, which is a piece of software called ROS. Before we start the talk, I want to introduce the company I work for. We are a small company called Open Robotics, and we try to create open software and hardware, no more and no less than doing that for the robotics world. So, let's start from the beginning for the people in the room. Who knows a little bit about ROS, the robot operative system? Oh, cool. So, you probably know about the origin of it. It was back in 2007, so there was a lack of common resources, and there was no open source code or a little bit of it. For the people just trying to program a robot in that time, so what was happening is that in every single research lab in the world, they were reinventing the wheel every time, and you know that we in the open source world don't want to reinvent the wheel every time. So, ROS was created with these four principles in mind. The first surprise for those of you that don't know about ROS before is like the robot operative system is not an operative system. So, it's an SDK, an open source SDK or framework to program wheel robot systems. So, with these four principles in mind, I thought when creating the slides that it's going to be more fun if I try to show you them using a small frame. So, please meet my small friend. This is the Tartelbot version 3. It's a robot. It's about this size, 20 centimeters. The good thing of it is that we are going to find, in this small frame, the usual parts of a robot. So, starting from the top, there is a laser, 360 LiDAR laser on the top, and the laser is connected to the main computational unit here. This is a Raspberry Pi 3, and the Raspberry Pi is connected to a microcontroller, so the name is OpenCR, but this is a standard, or quite standard, 32-bit ARM board. And the bottom of it, we have a couple of actuators. This time there are two dynamic servo motors controlling a couple of wells. So, all the hardware finger and software is completely open source in this robot. So, if you want to buy it, it's a nice thing. So, let's go into focus on a couple of parts to explain the rules. So, the laser and the wheels and the good thing is like we are going to put a bit of fun. So, let's go into a remote controller so you can move the robot. So, what's going to happen? I have the remote controller. Let's start with the easy part of it. How can I put this into ROS? So, the first thing that we are going to need is go to ROS.org and look for if there is an existing package that can work as a driver and support all the ROS internals for it. So, you will surprise that there is a package for this one. So, we are going to start the ROS system. The first thing in ROS 1 is to start the ROS master, which is a common diamond or service that provides different kind of features for all the risks of the pieces in the system. So, in this case, naming and registration mailing. So, how the remote controller is going to be inside ROS? I'm going to just run a part of the package, which is the blue bubble. There is a standard POSIX process, which is going to control the remote control. Sorry. And it's going to publish a communication channel just bringing all the keystrokes and information from the remote controller into ROS via that communication channel. Right? But that's not really useful to control a robot. I cannot send to the mobile base of the robot. Like, I press the red button and the mobile is going to say, all right, that means nothing to me. So, you need to translate somehow the keystrokes to something for the mobile base. So, there is another ROS package for it, and it's called the teleop twist joy. What it's going to do is it's going to read the keystrokes from just here, yes, in that communication channel, that it's going to discover it by asking the master. Right? So, it's going to just subscribe to it and receive this kind of information from it, and it's going to transform it into something that the mobile base can understand, which is a common velocity. Right? So, with this, this is the first principle of ROS, which is, we call it distribution. We have a published subscribe service somehow. There's a discovery, dynamic discovery of the different parts of the system that is done using the ROS master for it. We can isolate the components fully. In the sense, like, we'll have two different processes that working completely isolated. Sorry. And they are communicated only by the communication channels. So, there is no use of API or something. So, we have, like, isolation at this point here. Obviously, that allows us to have, like, independent development for the different packages. So, different developers. We can change the remote control by something different, SpaceNAP or Wii controller, something. And it's going to keep working the same way. So, with this diagram in mind. I said that we have a couple of communication channels in there. But you can guess how is the format of the information and where is that defined. Right? So, ROS has something really nice, which is an intermediate language that allows us to define what's going on in every, in a communication channel. So, these are the ROS messages. So, this is the way we define it. And with these ROS messages, we bring the second principle of ROS. So, we have, like, well-defined interfaces. This is the main central point for the change of the information. These messages brings us some semantics. You can see, like, the joystick node has put on an axis. And the velocity command has a linear velocity and angular velocity in the form of a vector. Right? And you say, oh, this is nice. But how can I use this from C++ or Python? This is the task of the ROS build system.  And I want these messages translating to a Python code that I can use. So, that's going to be done for you. So, no real pain into maintaining many different languages for it. So, let's continue with our small friend. Probably the most interesting part is the 360 laser on top of it. There is another nice ROS package for it to control it. So, only you have to download it or install the packages and just put it to work. So, in this case, it's a process to control it. We call them ROS nodes. And to put the information in that channel, we are going to call it scan. And the type of information is defined here. So, it's a bit more complex than before. And the main interesting thing is the laser is going to put in this a writer the ranges and the measures that it is going to take. Right? Okay. And you can say, all right, what can I do with a laser scan? You can do many different things. But probably the first thing you want to do is to be sure that your laser scan is working properly with respect to your robot. So, let me introduce you another nice friend in ROS. This is the visualizer. It's called Arvis. It's one of the most powerful tools probably we have in ROS. And this is the 3D model of our small friend. So, there's no laser scan yet in there. So, this is the 3D model and these colors and the bars of colors you see there, they are the access for the resonance of the robot. Right? And what can you do inside Arvis are those red points. These are the readings from the laser. So, with that, you are able to do something really powerful. That is, be able to diagnose your system if it's working fine and how it's working. Another interesting tool is the diagnostic itself. It's inside a GUI and it can tell you if there is a kind of error on the microcontroller. So, the microcontroller is publishing the information and this tool is helping you to know if there is something bad in the system before you get crazy trying to develop a problem. So, with this, we reach the third principle in mind. For us, we have all the important data on the bus and we are providing tools for the people to know what's going on in the system. So, make things easier for development and creation. The last of the things we have in the robot are the wheels. So, wheels are connected to an actuator. This is the dynamaxel. The dynamaxel is connected to a microcontroller and the microcontroller is not running ROS. The microcontroller is connected to the Raspberry Pi which is the system running ROS here with the ROS master. So, you can guess how can ROS help me to make all these kind of weird connections. Right? No worries. There is another interesting ROS package called ROS Serial which is going to make some magic for you and communicate the microcontroller with the motors and the ROS system. We will see this a bit later when we explain the ROS to changes. So, we have the ROS Serial package. We have the PS3 UA. We have laser drivers and there are many, many, many more in the ROS in this. So, there are a lot of things that you have ready to be run out of the box for you in a ROS system. So, this gives us the four of the principle which is the Federation. I think this is no different than any other Federation of packages we have in the open-source world. So, I'm not going to explain that in detail because you probably know about that. So, what happened at some point in history that was in 2019, after 10 years of ROS use and development, we found many problems in different use cases because at that time there was ROS running from recent lead to the industry from underwater vehicles up to the International Space Station. So, that was no joke and we need to perform some deep changes into ROS. ROS2 was created with these principles in mind. I don't want to bore you with the principles again, so let's try to review them through use cases. So, the first of the use cases is what happened for the robot when there is an unstable network or high latency system. So, back to our friend, we have the Tartelbot, we have the remote controller.  All this is connected using the Wi-Fi at your house. Nothing special here. So, I can set the velocity commands that way from the remote controller up to the robot and get the laser scan back to the screen. Nothing really special. So, this is the diagram of the nodes and information and the communication channels for it. Nothing special, too. But what it could be more interesting is to know what's going on under the hood of this. So, what kind of transport layer is doing this magic communication? So, there was some Houston code called TCP ROS and UDP ROS. That code was written when ROS1 was created and it's the one taking care of moving the things. So, what happens if I control my robot at home and it's in the direction of a wall, right?  It's 1,000 euros in the robot node joke. So, the system is going to behave like this. The robot is going to put a lot of laser scans on the Wi-Fi. Laser scan is not as small as the velocity command.  And you try to send a velocity command to stop the robot. But what happened if the Wi-Fi is busy trying to transmit all the laser scans? You don't want to visualize things. You want to stop the robot. So, is there any way of saying this in ROS1? It wasn't. So, when creating the ROS2, this is the software stack. We are using from the microprocessor and the user code on top of it. When designing ROS2, different things happen. Sorry. Oh, my dear. Hello, no? Yep. I think we can continue. Can you hear me? I cannot. There is something different. Not the mic. Yep. Yep. Yep. So, when designing the new ROS2, you are... Yep. Well, I think we need to continue with this noise. Sorry. When designing the ROS2, from the beginning, it was using the third platforms, Linux, Mac, and Windows. Not really relevant to this talk. On the top of it, we still have the user code and the master, right? Thank you. So, the first thing that we did for ROS2 was to refactor the different libraries using the different programming languages. So, the first thing... Yep. Yep. No. No. Yes. No problem. We don't have to speak louder, but again, on the mic, because otherwise the stream won't hear you. All right. So, let's... Yep. We need a bit of silence, please. The main change here in that part of the programming language was to create a common layer writing in C, so it helps to have the common code inside it. Nothing really special for the transport problem that we have for the robot that is going to crash to the world. So, the main change that was done at this point in ROS was changing the transport layer, right? And during our research about looking for the best alternative, we found that there is a nice standard that is covering all or a good part of our problems. So, it's called the DDS standard that someone knows a little bit about it, DDS. So, what happened with the DDS standard is it describes itself like public service... Oh, family. Communication for real-time embedded system. Oh, goals for ROS2. It uses extensive control of QoS parameters, including real-time, really, bang-wise, delivery deadlines, and resort limits. So, we have quality of service here that can be used to say, oh, my velocity command should be sent first than my latest scan. So, whoa, that's a big gain we have in the ROS2. So, back to this, we have a standard there, but a standard is not an implementation, right? So, what happened with that standard is that we will find in the world different people doing implementations of this standard. So, we just use an abstraction layer to help those vendors to go into ROS, and we were using that. So, at this point, I want to make like a spoiler of the next talk. The friends of both are going to come to talk about Eclipse isorics. This is a nice, nice, nice, efficient system they made for communications. So, more use cases. How to manage a group of robots. So, you want the lottery, and you buy one, two, three, four, five, six. Well, seven. Seven of our small friends. So, my question for you is, where are you going to put the ROS master? You can just name one of them as the leader and put the ROS master on it, and what's going to happen if that runs out of battery? That the whole team is going to crash. So, that wasn't nice. Some people try to just replicate the ROS master in the seven of them. That's part of fun. But that didn't work reliable at any point. So, what happened for the ROS two? We have this stack here. We have the master over there. And at some point, reading the DDS standard, it says, requires dynamic and reliable discovery of public subscriber endpoints. So, the transport layer is doing exactly the same that we want to do in our application layer. So, what about delegating that function to the transport layer and we don't have a ROS master? Oh, wow. That is cool. So, we take out the ROS master from there. There is no master anymore in ROS two. So, the standard is completely distributed and every of the nodes is taking care of nodes, the information for the rest of the nodes and the communication channels. So, we just magically just take out of the ROS master. More use cases. This one can be interesting. So, let's go to the embedded and small system. So, how for us is a small system? So, this slide is from my colleague Smolankigli. He likes to name these kind of boards like laptop without the screens. These are the standard X6 boards, like the Intel Nook. The next one are the one that we have for the Raspberry Pi, Bigelbone and some others and they are treated like normal ROS system, like your laptop is running Linux. They have no problems of running ROS on the... So, in the other hand, we have the three bits MCUs. So, this is the one that we have in our robot chip. So, that was the target for ROS two, as the smallest one like a future work. But, back to our diagram, we have a microcontroller and a Raspberry Pi. So, what's happening in ROS one when we are running this? We are putting the ROS serial node. The ROS serial node is defining a protocol to communicate with the microcontroller, right? ROS serial is being run inside the Raspberry Pi. So, it's communicating with the microcontroller using a special protocol and it transforms all these readings into ROS information. Right? That was ROS one. So, yeah, Raspberry Pi is there. So, the master and the whole ROS system was running there. So, if we look into this, we have the ROS two stack. Whoa, let me take this back a little bit, yeah. We have the ROS two stack and we want to run on microcontrollers. What changes we need to do? The first thing is the ROS microproject, the people want to change something in the RCL layer. We don't have Python or Jam anymore. You can guess why. They've changed something in the RCL layer to make predictable execution. For example, if I have one process with two communication channels, and information is receiving at the same time, which one is going to be processes first? So, we didn't have determinism in that. So, they are changing that, making some changes in that. And the good part of it is, whoa, we have, in VDS, they have a special implementation called extremely resource constrained environment. So, that sounds like a microcontroller, right? So, from this, now, we are going to have the ROS two running on both, right? So, we are going to have, like, one single node publishing the information directly from the microcontroller. This is really cool. So, that is the way, obviously, you need to just download the code, special code, Houston code from ROS into your microcontroller, but it's able to run, like, any other node in ROS. So, they are, like, first class citizens on ROS, right? What is really happening under the hood, I don't want to stop to mention this. It's the VDS, it's using a server client connection, but this is in the transport layer implementation. So, we don't need to take care of that. So, the people implementing the XRCE VDS is taking care of it. Let's go into finish. We have more and more features. With the use cases, we have real-time capabilities. We just, I think, I just go with fast. But if we stop here, there is a nice change in there. So, we don't have a Linux system anymore, and we have a real-time system, not X, right? So, yeah, we have the real-time capabilities in ROS two. They were not present in ROS one, so all kind of funky things were done at that point. Not only it's running in not X, but people just report that they are working on free R TOS. It's able to work on VX works or QNX. So, it's large, super for that. Another powerful thing is security, because what happened in ROS one, if a friend of mine come to my Wi-Fi and connect the laptop to the ROS and sending commands. Yeah, the robot is going to just obey that command because there was no security of any time. So, that was really a feature. The ROS one was thought with, like, research lab in mind. So, and there are some other really nice and interesting features, life cycles, multiple nodes, single process, and that. But I'm going to stop here. No more time. Hope you enjoy. Thank you.


So, we see more and more traction in the home automation markets, whether it be connected home or small buildings, our everyday life is greatly facilitated by the creation of easy and accessible user-friendly interfaces. Home automation application enables us to manage large numbers of devices connected through a network based on ZigBit technology, which is today proven solution widely adopted. This amount of devices represent a wide spread of potential uses like lighting, heating or presence control. With this network of 80 devices, we are showing how the STM32WB55 product is perfect to support such a complex configuration. And here I should highlight that it is a ZigBit certified platform. This large memory can sustain wide network as well as allowing fleet management with over-the-air updates. Security mechanism proposed in the STM32WB prevents from cloning and are also protecting IPs. Dual core architecture of the STM32WB with a dedicated core to the radioactivity is well adapted to manage real-time execution for both radio communication and user application with no compromise on user experience. Our smartphones or tablets for example are like a bridge to interact between connected home and human and are for example the first interface we can use to interact with a local network. This is the reason why both ZigBit and Bluetooth Low Energy have been combined to allow user interaction to pilot ZigBit network through a mobile phone. Our STM32WB embeds both technologies and the concurrent mode allows the router to discuss either ZigBit to the 80 devices panel either in BLE to the mobile. The mobile here is the entry point to configure the panel. The selected pattern configuration is sent to the router node through Bluetooth communication can then switch to ZigBit technology to spread the pattern configuration to the 80 devices of the ZigBit network. So here I should highlight the cellular technology in this demo that connects the sensor dashboard to the cloud. Each device status of the network panel is known by the router. The router sends this pattern information to the cloud to replicate the information on a web user interface through the cellular modem. This is a Murata modem is based on Alt-1250 radio that supports both KTM and NBIOT. It also features an unbedded SIM from ST, the ST33G. The brain of the module is an STM32L4 ultra low power MCU. Being able to pilot locally the network with the mobile is one part of the demo interest. Then going further in the framework it might be also expected to screen the status of each device for somewhat remotely connected or for an autonomous cloud service. So I've shown you our demo. So how do we see this type of technology mix working in the Internet of Things? Well many technologies are commonly used and combined simultaneously as shown in this demo and such coexistence will increase with the IoT expansion. Final application usage must be kept simple to ensure end user adoption. This is why solutions must be proposed to leverage the complexity of managing all those technologies as a whole. Many different industrial actors today are aware of this need and projects like CHIP recently announced within the ZigBee Alliance is addressing such paradigm and propose to build a unified management for IP oriented technologies. ST Microelectronic is supportive of the CHIP project and also propose solutions with an enlarged perimeters as we can see today through this ZigBee and BLE to cloud connectivity demonstration.


Well I'd always really wanted to study law but when I finished year 12 I had my daughter Lily not long after, however last year about halfway through the semester Lily's dad passed away. My name's Nicole and I'm studying a Bachelor of Law in Business at the University of New Castle. Lily was quite young when I did Open Foundation and it was really really tough trying to manage studying and caring for Lily. Lily goes to school, she plays sport most afternoons and I sort of try and tie a table uni in while she's at school and in classes that I have and then we get home once she's in bed then I do my assignments. You know I don't think that having a daughter at a young age should stop you from achieving your goals. I've always wanted a job where I can help other people and I felt that a law degree would be a great place to do that. The day I found out that I received the scholarship was really really exciting. I was overwhelmed, I was very very happy to know that you know someone was supporting me and my goals. So with the scholarship money I have used it to purchase textbooks and I've also used it to put Lily into after school care twice a week so that I'm able to study without interruptions. I'm all that she has left and it's really important to me to provide her with the future that she deserves. It definitely makes me work hard in knowing that she's proud of what I'm doing.


Many changes keep happening around us. Some changes happen automatically by themselves and some are done by human activities. So for example, plants grow leaves change color and they dry up and fall from trees. Flowers bloom and they can also wither. Fruits can ripen and fall from trees. Even seasons change, such as winter, summer and rain. All of these changes they occur automatically. But there are some changes like lighting up a firework or lighting up let's say a diya. Or changing milk to paneer or cottage cheese. These changes are carried out by humans. But there is one thing common in all of these examples. There is a change either in the color, shape, smell and in some changes like meditating of ice there is even a change of state of some objects. So we can say that any change in the state, shape, color, taste or smell of an object is called a change. And in this video we will look at one type of change. So let's look into that. Let's say we have milk to begin with and we're in the process of making curd. So we have two ways to do that. We can either add some curd or we can add lemon. In the first case the change to curd by adding some curd happens slowly. It takes some time. And in the second case when you add some lemon juice to milk, the milk curdles quickly. So when a change takes long time to complete it is said to be slow. And when a change happens quickly it is said to be a quick change. Quick changes take less time to complete. They happen at a faster rate. Let's look at some more examples of these type of changes. Okay. I'm going to show you some changes. And I want you to take some time and try and categorize which change could be a slow change and which change could be fast. So there you go. The first one is burning a matchstick. The second is popping up an inflated balloon. The third is growth of nails. And the fourth is resting of iron. Take five seconds and categorize these four changes under slow and fast or quick. All right. So the first two, they happen rather quickly, right? A matchstick can immediately ignite. A balloon can immediately pop when pricked with a sharp object. But it takes time for human nails to grow and it takes a lot of time for an object to rust. So these two are slow changes and these two are fast or quick changes. All right. Here I have some more examples. So the first is you can imagine this is an image of, this is a sunset, but you can think of a change of sun rising up and then setting at the end of the day. The second is melting of ice. This is drying of clothes on a hot summer day. And these are fireworks. Again, think about which of these changes could be slow or fast. Okay. So the first one, at least when you compare it to the other changes that are happening, the first one takes a lot of time because it takes around 12 hours between sunrise and sunset. The rate at which ice is melting really depends how low or higher the temperature is. In higher temperatures, ice melts really quickly. It's a fast change. But if the temperature is really low, it will take a lot of time for ice to melt. And then drying up of clothes. This is also not a very quick process because it takes some time for the clothes to dry up. Fireworks, this is a very fast process. Immediately when you ignite a firework, it goes off and bursts. Okay. So some changes can be categorized as slow. Some can be categorized as fast. But there is no hard and fast tool if a process is slow or fast. You can only measure the slowness and how fast a change is related to something else. So you can only say that change A is slow or fast when you compare it with some other change.