A group, the National Coordinator of Frontier for Peace and Unity, has come back support for the presidential candidacy of the Minister of Transportation Chibike Rotimi Ameichi under the All Progressive Congress, APC, in 2023. Its national coordinator, Ikalama Wakodisorinya, stated that the group had adopted Ameichi after consorting widely with leaders, youth and other stakeholders in the south-south. Ameichi is a former two-term governor of the river state and has officially declared interest in contesting for the presidential office in the next general election. The group stated that the youth have agreed that the next governor should emerge from the riverine area, particularly of the Calabari extraction. Joining us to discuss this is N.F.A. George Rill, the chairman of the River State Civil Society of Organisations, and Sobea Eli, a legal practitioner and a member of the All Progressive Congress. Thank you very much, gentlemen, for joining us. Yeah, thanks for having me. Great. So, Sobea, because you are a member of the APC, I'm trying to understand. The minister hasn't come out in any way to say, I'm interested in running for presidency. We obviously know that there are many people who are interested in running for the presidency in the All Progressive Congress. Why the push for him to run for office? Well, I want to align myself with those who are doing so, given his antecedents in public offices from the speakership of the State Assembly for eight years, where it's a double last conference for speakers, chairman across the country, and as the government of reverse it for seven years, seven months after it broke off judgment on October 25, 2007, and then double last governance forum chairman. And then again, as a possible means of transportation, since 2015 November, is one of those shining lights of this administration, and it has the drive, it has the vision, it has the impetus, it has the presence of mind, it has the health, it has the age, it has the exposure inside, to give that leadership in itself. Why not? I kind of agree with those arguments around, because we must move forward and constantly do it in the very years. Because a person has been a two-time governor and has led the governor's forum, now a minister, does that really qualify the person to lead a nation? Well, I mentioned national offices in health, while it was the speaker, our governor, and now the minister, is in this position probably one of the most exposed arguments to the 3060s of the federation, is being in this democracy from the first republic consistently, so he will know the issues. And do not forget, as director general of the virus campaign for two times, he has run the race and he knows what should be done, or what should be fixed. He's not going to come to the job, as I said, Lerna, he's not going to come to the job to start the line, he will hit the guy running, if he needs, he has to run. And I just give him the opportunity. What should be parameter to us now, is the parameters for judging who should become candidate for the office of president post-Diboyer years. We need somebody who is vibrant, we need somebody who has age on the side, we need somebody who has experience on the push-up, somebody who can connect his name, his name, himself. There's only an introduction across the country. That's the kind of man who wants now. And above all, we're talking about this president who will be outgoing since 2003, and said he's not too young to run bill. What does that mean? A principal president by himself believes in the paradigm shift, post-HIS years. Are you suggesting that the minister is young in the term of not too young to run, because if I remember, that was an opening for young people to come onto the platform, not necessarily people the minister's age, except you are... No, that's not something those who are above 50 should not run. Not young to run law simply allows, even those are younger than that age, those in their 20s and 30s, provided me the constitutional requirements, they should come out and run. Not that you should buy them. And of course, all of those hurdles that political parties put before aspirants, who had courage and a kind of maybe cost of forms and all that, are set aside. But basically, I'm simply applying that principle, that this objection cleared the roads for young people to run. It presupposes that the president himself believes that going forward, that young dynamism should come into play in governance. And I should speak here, except for the fact that lots of these ones, no one, and I say with all modesty, no one in the current position best fits the bill on Rukimishimika machine. All right, I'll come back to you with more questions. NFI, you are of the civil society in river states, and you obviously have sat through the two terms of Governor Rukimishimika, the former governor of your state, now minister, and when he was a member of the House of Assembly. How successful was he as a governor of the state? And looking at the fact that the APC and the couple of people that are interested in running for the office of the presidency in the APC, does the former governor stand a chance from your perspective? Well, Miriam, I like, I particularly like your question, but then let me start by saying that it is my personal view that no one, no one that have been within the corridor of power from 1999 till today, have the moral justification to say that he wants to contest elections in Nigeria. And to go back to your question, which is that Rukimishimika machine does have 40 things. For me, I think we just put the cards out and let's see. Rukimishimika machine is a summoning president who told us that when he comes in, he's going to fit this country. But one of the biggest, in fact, he was the DJ of that campaign. And of course, my opinion is that the president has failed hopefully, failed hopefully, the price of these are skyrocketed. The mirror is drowning, our economy is collapsing, our infrastructure is decaying, up to now we cannot even have simple electricity that simple technology can provide. And this is the DJ of that campaign. To narrow it down to him specifically, the president is standing on that, wants to take it himself. And of course, you know that if you complete the number of days the president of the country, it is almost half of the number of days that he has to sit in Nigeria to serve this country, that I've given him a job for eight years. But so now the governor who had been two-time governor for eight years was unable to provide any hospital where the president would limit fit to 30 days. Just like other candidates, some of them are governors in other states too. But in front of the APC, as of today, if I have permitted the mention names, I will continue to go. Now I just went simply to a country arranged and connected by other politicians in their own place. For eight years he was going up, he went to treat ordinary knee injury, ordinary knee injury. He went abroad. So these are the characters that said he wanted to rule this country. And in terms of even agriculture, what did he do? Most of these persons, specifically for him, was only rich states and switchers in last year. And what would have expected that he would have the investment on agriculture once we have the just- But the governor might lay claim to the Songhai Farms and say that that's something that he has as a legacy, even though I do not know if you can point to that today. I don't know if the wiki government has continued to enlarge the Songhai Farms. My problem is that the current governor, for whatever it is what, does not have any hate investment. I don't know his reason, but from the Farms before us, the current government hates hate investment on any of the industries. Make sure that you won't. That's almost not. But you see, and that is why the Songhai Farm and the Guguma Fish Farm appears as, you know, when someone fails abysmally. The person would deal a bit, if you have a range of one to ten, and someone did two, two over ten, which is pure failure. And the next person who came did not do anything at all. The man who had done two would not look like a golden fish or a little light. Or not really, in terms of even agricultural investment, or even on a major investment, in terms of IT and what have you. This so-called, according to my colleague in the studio, modern candidates that was to give us modernity, you know, they invest in IT in the first century. Nobody's even talking about oil and gas anymore. We talk about investment on IT, talk about commerce. What trade and investment do you do in remastered? What generally do you do in remastered? The Songhai Farm Minister was shooting with a lot of crisis. In fact, I don't want to stand mentioning if I don't even adjudge my comrades who is now a member of your party. We were part of, one of our biggest campaign on ITG was that we are demanding that that farm should not stand, should not stand, because the community people we are cheating, the community people we are cheating, community women and society we are protesting. So you're telling me, in all of the things that you're saying, you're saying that you're saying that the minister, the honorable minister is not fit to run for the office of the president? Yeah, yes. And that even most of its contemporaries in the two major political problems we have in this country that have been around power since 1999, they should tell us the one they have done. All things to do, there's no where, there's no states. In reverse to do not have public water. I went to Rwanda, you drink water from anywhere on the road, public water. These people, we are talking about characters that couldn't provide us public water, public water. Okay, let's say that by our laws, there's not a degree of voltage of electricity that the state is limited to produce. Why can't the governor, when he was governor, why can't he arrange with the government chairman and create small, small dams? Small, to the best century we have a lot of technology, where you can use wind, use water, use water. We're almost out of time, we're almost out of time. So I'm just going to quickly ask. You can't get any of these things from these so-called modern people. All of them should just leave, should just leave, they have no competence here. Okay, you're taking a jab at all the people who are trying to run for office this time. So, William, I'm just going to give you the last word here because we're out of time. Do you have a response for NFR? I think NFR is one of the problems I have. The civil society groups think how could a man come on there and say, from 1990 to now, nobody's qualified to run for office. Why are you going to put that experience to? When they throw them out, where do they start from? And I would put NFR in the know that Dr. John Coyde fire me. Are you still there? Oh, I think we have a problem with that connection. Actually, almost out of time. So I want to thank you both gentlemen. Unfortunately, time is not on our side. So we realize a legal practitioner and a member of the APC. And NFR George Reel is of the civil society organizations. Thank you very much for speaking with us. I wish you had more time to deal with this issue. All right. This time is your smell. Thank you, gentlemen. We have to go. Well, thank you everybody for staying with us. We appreciate your thoughts and your comments. Don't forget, we want to hear from you on our YouTube channel at plus TV Africa and plus TV Africa lifestyle. But before we go, let's take a break and see what Nigerians have to say about Rotimi and Mechi running for presidency come 2023. And after that, I'll be saying my goodbyes. For us who have the next presidency, I really don't think a particular region should be an issue. But if Rotimi and Mechi is going for presidency, I believe the man is going to work due to the current thing that he's doing in transportation industry. And he's a man that he has a vision for transportation industry. And I can see the way he's actualizing the dream. So we saw what he did in reverse status when he was the governor of reverse state. So if he's contesting for president, I believe that he's going to work. He's a man that let me use what talk and do. If you want to come out, you can also come out because he's also a Nigeria citizen. Everybody is trying luck. If this one is not good, we don't like this one. Otherwise, you should try your luck. That's all. Nigeria has been craving for a young president considering our Mechi's pedigree and what has achieved in the time past. So I think it will appease Nigerians if we have somebody like him as our president. Somebody cannot be a mumu. It's good for us to have the action. I just call him the troublemaker. He's the action man. But the only thing that we need to do is just to pray to God to help us to choose. You understand me? All of them are the same. Because even with that, we are even interviewing ourselves as a human being. Human being about to change at any time. Are you getting me? Anybody can get to that position and change. So the only thing that we just pray that God should give us a better person. Because the Bible says if the righteous man is on the throne, the masses will enjoy. But if the wicked man is on the throne, we'll suffer it. Well, that's it on the show tonight. I hope you enjoyed it. Don't forget you can follow us on all our platforms, on Facebook, on Instagram, and you can subscribe to our YouTube at Plus TV Africa and Plus TV Africa Lifestyle. I am Mary-Anna. I'll see you tomorrow.


That's for some breaking news. As long as I have been doing this show, I have been looking to talk to somebody who can pour me in the right direction where I can be talking to ladies who talk just like this lady I got on the black market with me today. J-O-N, we are in for a real treat. I feel like this would be the definition of self-love for a man. Yes. I like that. So I got to ring this bell and let the entire world know that the black market is open. And the situation is about to change. How's it changing, love? For the better. That's what's wrong with y'all. Y'all don't be reading nothing.  Now, this lady that I have in here today, after seeing what she does and reading her expressions, her book, I would like to call this lady a close personal friend. Somebody I have the utmost respect for. Somebody that I admire dearly. How's it changing the world? One page at a time. None other than Ms. C.J. Ryder. How are you? I'm awesome and amazing. Awesome and amazing. Now, before we even get into this book, I just want to know how you feeling? Oh, I feel wonderful. Great. Great. How's life treating you? Awesome and amazing. Good. Good. Good. Nothing but the best for you. Yeah. I live a pretty good life. Now, tell these people why I love you so much. This book right here. Tell me. Well, because I wrote a book called How to Eat a Banana? Yes. That's why you love me so much. That's why. Because I'm encouraging women to approach all pleasure. What a different mindset. That's what I do. Now y'all see why. Now y'all see why. Keep going. This is about you. I'm just going to hold your product today. Oh, well. It ain't nothing I want to say. Oh. Because you know what to say.  Say what now?  Turn the music off. Because I ain't hear that part. That last part. You teach women. Yes. I do. OK. Because there's a difference.  See, even women can tell the difference. Well, because a person who's sexually frustrated is usually grumpy, surly. They have attitude, short tempered, easily agitated. But a man who is relaxed and at ease is more pleasant to be around and more accommodating.  I wish I had a handbill, Mike. It's actually a benefit. No, no, it's actually a benefit for you because it kind of gives you a certain power, the power to make him calm and happy and at ease. So women can really tell the difference.  Oh, I don't know. I know when my man needs his, but the book teaches you how to properly communicate with your partner so that you learn to relieve his stress. So that you guys become on a, let's see, you get on a different kind of level of communicating. What made you write the book? I was broke and I needed some money.  My ex. Good enough to write the book on it? Yes. OK, so I used to be an adult entertainer. I used to be a stripper. For real? I was a stripper in my 20s. And during that time, I got to talk to a lot of men. So they would tell me the things that they were going through at home. And it just made sense. Like a lot of times women don't know how to communicate with men. They communicate with their men like they communicate with their homegirls. But that's not the way men listen. So if you learn to properly communicate with your man, he listens and he actually wants to please. Because most men don't want to be combative with the woman that they love. They don't want to be confrontational. They just want you to tell them what's wrong so they can fix it. But a lot of times we don't know how to express what's wrong without being overly emotional. So that's part of it.  It was a catchy title like how to eat a banana. It's more so about mindset and changing your mindset and how you communicate with your spouse or with your partner. You didn't have to even choice it up for me. You could have just left it at that part. I'm just saying that's. You could have just left it. That's how it is. And that's a whole other book.   Don't communicate with me.  Well, that's how you communicate with your partner.  Exactly. So it becomes more of a benefit for you that it is for him.  So I put it on paper and sell it to other people so that they can have the same knowledge. If it's 30 days in a month, how many times should a man get his dicks up? I would say at least 20 times out of that month. Yeah, you don't have no sisters in there. You married? You married? No, I've been proposed two, six times. What's next for you? But I feel like you're going to win at least like a Nobel Peace Prize or something. Well?  And necessary. And I feel like I wish this platform was bigger so more people can hear you. Your message is powerful. I believe in what you're selling out here. Now, where is this book available? I feel like this. It's on Amazon, Kendall, Audible. I hired a voice actress to record it for me. So you can get an Audible. You can listen to it while you're in a car. I actually created a master class where I'm instructing. So if you don't want to read it, if you need some more hands-on or interactive learning, you can enroll at Ryder University. It's my oral pleasure master course. You got a whole master course. Wow. Yep. Well, you know what?  You need a key? No. No, I'm just kidding. Ah. But where can they find you on social media and all of those great things? You can follow me at IMCJRider. And that's Ryder with a Y on all platforms. So Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, Twitter, YouTube. You going to write some more books? I'm writing how to eat a peach now so that you guys can figure out how to communicate with women. If you need any input, highlight me. I'm looking for a voice actor to actually record it. What is your need? To record it. The book. Like, I have a woman that's speaking for this one. I'm not sure if I should have a woman speaking for how to eat a peach or a man because the book is for a man. So I don't know if a man, if men want to, do men want to hear a man telling them or do you want to hear a woman telling you how to eat a peach? A woman, really. You really want to hear a woman so I might just hire her back. Just hire her back. Yeah. Yeah. It's believable. I mean, I don't know. Like, I wanted to hear a woman. I didn't want to hear a man telling me how to eat a banana. Not unless you eat the pussy right then, then start recording it.   It got to happen. Like, if you convince them, then it'll go. Okay. He'll be like, I just finished eating the pussy. Chapter one. You see what I'm saying? Got you. Okay. I think I'm going to go with her. All right. Well, look, we appreciate you stopping through it today. And blessing us with this magnificent book, How to Eat a Banana. I suggest all the ladies go out and get it. It's a quick read. I suggest you read it multiple times. And take some notes. There's space in here for you to make your own notes. A few blank pages in the back where you can just write your own notes.  Well, listen, mine said talking, well, talking dirty to your partner actually enhances the experience. So it helps to keep it's climate.  Yeah, that's the baby maker right there. I didn't say it that one before. Whoo. It's just a starter. Because I have another book called Art of Talking Dirty, The Power of the Tongue. And it goes more in depth about talking dirty to your spouse and building anticipation. Ooh. Yeah, yeah. We're going to have to keep one of these in here at all times. I feel like this is going to be a great team builder. And I suggest all the people who go out and, you know, get books that are like couples therapy. Yeah. Throw this one on the bottom. Well, listen, the sexual health section, that's where you find it. I know, but I'm saying if they need to put that over there on like rebuild, this will build a family right here. It keeps families together. This can pretty much bring violence down to a point that it ain't been in since like the 80s. Oh, I get it. Telling the powers in the tongue. Ms. C.J. Radder, anytime you, when you finish the book, how to eat a peach and whatever come after that, please come back and tell us all about it. Thank you. J.O. in the black market is open. That's crazy. That's crazy.


All right. Well, good morning and welcome everyone. I hope you're here for the Container Runtime and Image Format Standards Update. I want to start by just welcoming you all here, and I'm going to turn it over to my esteemed colleague, Steven Walley, and who I'm in awe of. Steven's a sage open source professional. I've been doing this longer than me, but not by much. Take over now. Am I hot? I'm not hot. I told you I could break anything. Light that mic up. Now I'm hot. There you go. Thank you. I'd better step in before Jeff gets his tube carried away here. My name is Steve Walley. I work in the Azure engineering team, and I've just recently gone back to work for Microsoft after a dozen years away. Just to kind of get a sense of folks in the audience, do folks know what OCI is? Show of hands? That's good. And developers? Also good. Operations. Operators, folks like that. Excellent. Thank you. And lastly, managers and other folks trying to figure out what this is all about. Excellent. Thank you for your honesty. Okay. I'm going to turn this back over to Jeff to get us going. Great. Well, thanks. And you've got two Northwest Seattleite residents generally speaking. Any other Northwest folks in the audience? I wore my Seahawks shirt. We won't do the chant, though. I'm going to go ahead and get down to business. So we want this to be very interactive. I'm going to cover the first half and a little bit of the background, and Stephen's going to jump in on the organization and what's going on with certification. And then we're going to have time for Q&A. And with that, how many have heard of a little startup called Docker? Raise your hands. That ought to be everybody in the room, because it was really interesting. If you turn the clock back to around 2014 in the spring, I was at an OpenStack conference, and they weren't presenting at that point, but the buzz in the room was all about, you know, hey, this company Docker, and have you seen what they've done with container technology? And so I got plugged in pretty quickly, but the point I want to make on this first slide is that containers have been around for a while, and I don't represent this slide as exhaustively complete, right? So if I've left off something that's a favorite of yours, I want to apologize right out of the gate, but you can see that FreeBSD started with the concept of jails early on. You had Linux get involved. Sun was certainly a player with what they did with their zones technology. Google started leveraging the heck out of containers back in the 06 timeframe, and obviously did a tremendous amount with that technology to be able to scale out their global ad platform. Red Hat and yours truly IBM got involved with container technology, and all of that led to the point where if you've seen Solomon Hakes talking about this, you know, he's used the phrase in the past, standing on the shoulders of giants, right? Because while hats off to what Docker did in terms of enabling to make containers more approachable and usable by the typical developer, it really is a cumulative effect that's got us to where we are today. So when I met the Docker team back in 14, it was still early days, and yet there was a little bit of confusion in the ecosystem, if you will, because you had this very viral open source project around containers called Docker, and then you had the company Docker as well. And so is it an open source project? Is it a company? How do you sort of sort through that? And I got involved early on and started working with a number of other people in the community around this concept of moving towards open governance. And ultimately that led to an announcement made by Docker, at DockerCon back in 15, the middle of the year, around this idea of the OCI or the Open Container Initiative, a single open container specification that everyone could collaborate on and everyone could agree that would help create some of the foundation of this technology. And you can see the concepts around not being bound to a high level construct, not tightly associated with any particular commercial vendor or project, but a multi-vendor open governance structure, and the intent for this was to help enable portability across multiple platforms. The principles associated with getting this spun up when we worked on the original documentation for it, content agnostic, infrastructure agnostic, design for automation and industrial grade delivery. So there were quite a few companies that got involved early on, and one of the big players in addition to Docker early on was the guys at CoroS. And the folks there had a solid team that was working on this collaboratively and they also had a vision of how to execute. They came up with the rocket project. The last thing that the ecosystem really wanted, though, was to see multiple competing solution alternatives. So the OCI worked to help bring all of that into a greater sense of alignment. And you can see the logos of the other companies involved with the effort. This has been picked up tremendously beyond the initial activities by Docker and CoroS. Mesos, the CNCF with Kubernetes, Cloud Foundry, all of them looked to the OCI as a fundamental enabler of the basic technology. And in terms of who's been involved to date, the contributors hats off to Red Hat, no pun intended. They've been a major participant in helping to develop the initiative. Huawei, Fujitsu, CoroS, Suze, those are some of the top contributors. IBM itself is in the top 10. And that's actually when I got to know Stephen better. He was doing consulting work for Docker on this project, and we started to collaborate not just on the OCI, but starting to think about, well, where are we going to go when this becomes firm? How are we going to try and create some sort of a certification process around this? And what was that? Was that like a year and a half ago? Time flies when you're having fun. Absolutely. So we've got high-level representation of how this is structured. And Stephen, when you first got involved, when did you first, when did the OCI first hit your radar? So I was actually at Hewlett-Packard when this was all happening. And it was one of those things where you ended up in a situation where containers and containerized workloads were going to make such a difference compared to the kind of infrastructure arguments that folks were having in the OpenStack community that working for Hewlett-Packard thought we should be involved. And the frightening thing was it was all based on a single company's technology at the time. Docker really made the container ecosystem usable. And so I was pushing to get HP involved at the initial bootstrap. And Jeff and I have both done enough standards work in our careers that sooner or later it's going to come down to a certification debate. That's where it doesn't matter how long the standard takes or anything else. But sooner or later it's going to become a certification debate. And so as I stepped out of HP Cloud, I ended up going to work for Docker for a year. So, yeah, we've overlapped almost since the beginning of this. Yeah, in fact, how many have heard of the Docker Governance Advisory Board? Six or seven. One of the best-kept secrets in the industry. All kidding aside, in the early days Docker was sort of conflicted because, you know, they wanted to share. They obviously put that out in open source. But they also were starting to think, you know, how are we going to pivot from the startup to more of a going concern or an enterprise? And it's great when Docker came to that realization that they needed to make this contribution that it helped to kick off this project in a more meaningful way. The timeline associated with this, you can see that this has taken two years. And in the era of open source, that's a long time. But in the era of standards, it's really kind of a bit of an eye-blink. Because getting collaborative cooperation and getting consensus amongst such a large ecosystem on such a foundational technology was very, very important. And I think that that's a really important point here. The thing that's been different about the Open Container Initiative from a lot of traditional standards organizations is it's a group of collaborative open source engineers and they're trying to build a specification. And those two things are almost the antithesis of engineers collaborating.  This idea of doing things on internet time is based on a foundation of a group of engineers 30 years ago took the time to get it right. So we can be moving at internet time. At the same time, when you're living in an open source world and as we've watched these projects evolve and well-run projects are on this cadence of releasing regularly and frequently, that's a different kind of engineering collaboration. So Open Container Initiatives worked really hard to try and find that balance. The fact that they kept the target lean, they started with enormous contributions from Docker for the base technology, both for the reference implementation as well as the overall runtime, it's allowed the group to make really good, quick two-year delivery of those first two specifications. And so just a bit on how the OCI is organized, there's a technical developer community and there's the organizational membership. And we're not going to go into great detail on the org structure, but we can get into that a bit during Q&A if you like. The important part is that we really wanted to, A, have this be a level playing field, right? Right, very much so. And actually, if you bring up the next build out, you know, this is an organization that was deliberately designed to get out of the engineer's ways so that the engineers could be doing the collaboration to build these specifications. Jeff and I are not those engineers. Steven Day in the front row is one of those engineers. So it's, you know, it's one of those things where we were trying to keep a very lightweight organization. That's also one of the reasons that this didn't go to a more traditional standards organization. Those processes can be very heavyweight. And so it's trying to find that balance of creating useful specifications and at the same time letting the engineers get it done quickly or as quickly as possible. Yeah, if you're an engineer that's worked on the OCI, raise your hand. We've got Steve Oh up in front. There's Michael Brown. We've got, it looks like a half dozen of some of the usual suspects here in the room with us. Again, hats off to them. It's taken a lot of hard work to get to where we've gotten to at this point. So this is a good time to start to pivot and get into the details associated with the certification itself. And with that I'm going to stand somewhat quietly and turn the mic over to Steven. So this is the dangerous part because Jeff built these wonderful slides and I start to disagree with. That's the joy of the process, right? Essentially there's two kinds of certifications. There's two specifications. And so there's this idea of an OCI-certified runtime and kind of the portability promise that that would make to folks that are building containers. And then there's that idea of an OCI-certified image. And that is so that this image that's been created, this is the entity of portability, if you will. Part of that lightweight structure that was created under the auspices of the Linux Foundation allowed us to do all the trademark tracking. So there's a collection of trademarks that are listed there. These are trademarks that the Linux Foundation will defend on behalf of the OCI project. So this is one of those things where you can't call yourself basically an open container, sorry, a OCI-certified runtime or an OCI-certified image unless you've survived the certification program. This is the point of this is to actually provide the marketplace information about where to look for things of value. That said, we're also in this place that as we just start to step in, there is a draft of a process. It's a process that you would imagine kind of looks the way you'd expect a process to look like. And this, if anything, was the easy part is coming up with this because, you know, really we're looking at a process that's normal for these kinds of things. You start off with the application. You basically, this is who I am. This is what I want to do. I want this trademark. You take it through and at that point we've sketched in kind of the basic information that we think we want to have. And the next thing you do is you test it. So we're going to go through and test the products against these two things. And I'm sorry, I'm having a hard time because I'm just getting used to having readers for the first time. So I need them to look at the slides. But then I have all of you and I look up and I think, what happened to the audience? It's very disconcerting right now. After you've run whatever the testing environment is, of course, that's when you publish your results. And you have to, what the thinking up till now has been is you're not just publishing your results, you're publishing all of the framework around that so that anybody else could repeat this. And that's the intent of this, is to make sure that this is a highly repeatable system and that can be checked and validated by anybody else. And that's kind of the peer review, is to finally get that certification, somebody within the rest of the organization as a collection of peers will validate that, yes, I was able to repeat this. And at that part, you can actually claim the certification. So that's the easy bit, so to speak. That framework feels like probably everything else you've seen in many different guises. And on the back end of that is this whole idea that you then want to promote your brands that you've earned to the marketplace. Some of the where the debate still lies though is there's two places, one of them is the test harnesses. Work is still ongoing on the test harnesses. And it's, there's good work has been done and it's evolving right now. So these are, we aren't quite ready to announce things yet, but we're close. The interesting debate that I still bring, and I am happy for opinions from the audience when we open this up for questions. Having a certified runtime, I think is kind of the base entry into the game. Having a certified image I worry about. And I worry about this because I've seen this situation in a past life and I'm not going to use the P word today. I've seen this situation in a past life where folks were so excited about having certified operating systems which made sense to support a portability model. But then they weren't, they wanted to, the organization that was running this said and then we'll have certified applications. And that's starting to feel like certified images. And the problem when you look at it from an application perspective is if you're the vendor, you're probably not going to certify if that's a promise to the marketplace that you'll obviously run on all of these places you haven't tested. Because that's the reality of being an ISV. You're not going to promise your customers, regardless of what the platform vendors have told you, you're not going to promise your customers that it's going to run until you've tested it there. And I think that tension needs to be resolved here. So that's part of the debates that we're still having on going inside of the certification work. But it's, that doesn't mean that you couldn't, the World Wide Web has, you know, for W3C as validators. So, you know, this is a valid page. That's a great piece of information. And having that kind of toolset come out of the certification work so that you know that you have a valid image and you should have confidence that this will run on a certified platform is a good thing. So I'm not saying that that tooling doesn't have value and that we shouldn't have that kind of validation. I'm just saying we need to be careful as you step into the nuances of a brand program about exactly what promises being made to customers on the end. It really can be hard to strike that right balance because obviously, if the collective group came up with this draconian certification process, have a lot of overhead, have a lot of conflict, and a lot of stress about how to resolve that conflict. On the other hand, if it's so lightweight and it's toothless... then you're not solving a problem for the marketplace. I think the great thing that has been accomplished in the two years up to the release of those specifications is it was the collaborative effort. All of the engineers from all of the platforms were in a room together having that debate. It's the fear of the certification program that's coming to ensure that they're actually aligning the technology and writing it down and agreeing to it. So I think even though there's been this gap from when the first specifications were out the door, we're still in a place where enormous value has been brought to the market in that collaboration and we're still working on the details on how we'll demonstrate that in a broader context. So there's still time to get involved. These slides are going to be available up on the Linux Foundation website, so I'll post them up just shortly after we finish today. But there's the link for the open container site as well as for the developer communities. And with that, it's time to start to transition to Q&A. And whilst you guys are thinking of your first original question, I'm going to go to Stephen and ask him what was the biggest surprise that he thought he ran into over the last 15, 16 months in this effort we've been underway? And I'm not allowed to use the P word, Emma. Yes you are. No, I'm not. Yes you are. He's talking about POSIX. Yeah, I was part of the Unix Wars back in the 90s and so that's where I got my gray hair from. What I was impressed with is having been through that effort to see the good work that was done in this organization in a short span of time. It was funny because it was a group of really knowledgeable engineers that are used to collaborating in an open source context and they weren't used to building standards and so there was always that tension of they wanted to be moving faster and at the same time the specifications that have come out are very useful specifications and had that right effect in the industry of ensuring that there was a central point of agreement for things going forward as containers become more important for the way people start deploying software. So I think the fact that they were able to, without necessarily going through that whole learning curve of how do you build a standard, to actually come through that learning curve quickly and deliver on these first two specifications I think was enormously helpful. It looks like we have a question over there and while he's getting the mic to mic, I will just say that I think the other thing that we tried to help shepherd the engineers along with on this was that how do you try and structure this in such a way that you don't stifle future innovation, right? I mean, the other thing about this OCI process that was of a concern is that if this locks it down in such a way that it prevents future innovation, that's not a good thing for the industry as well. A question for... Yeah, I saw you were going to certify the runtime processing tools, container runtimes, that kind of stuff, and format, maybe images, but it was more the format, right? But to me, the image format should really be verified at the tooling area as opposed to each image itself. For example, a build tool that builds these images, you might want to make sure that it does build OCI images correctly. Yep. Good feedback. Other questions? And while that question's getting teed up, pull out that smartphone and follow Steve Walley on Twitter. I've kind of been following the standardization process at one remove from the time when I worked at CoreOS. I was in the pro services department, so I wasn't like a developer or anything. I have not read through the spec, but I was wondering, does the spec say things that container runtimes or images must not do, or if it doesn't, is that something that you've ever considered or thought about? Are there things that we should say, no, you should never do this? That's a good point. Mike, you want to... Yep. And that's really important, because the experience that I certainly went through, I got involved in POSIX late, and so when that first spec came out, there was just things that were left unsaid, and there was no flags around that to say, really, we aren't saying anything here. And so it's actually very helpful when you start in a specifications organization that you're able to do that. The marketplace couldn't have allowed it in that situation, because there was just, when you're trying to bring together dozens of products in a marketplace worth billions, sometimes you have to leave things unsaid. Whereas in this situation, because this is still a relatively new space, we were in a good position to actually build up and make the claims, you know, don't do this. Other questions? Well, that one's getting teed up. How many have heard of Container D? You'll want to stay for the next session. My esteemed colleague, Phil Estes, who's a docker captain who works for IBM, is going to be doing a deep dive on Container D in this very room in about 15 minutes. So I'm a software engineer at Epsara. I have looked at the runtime spec for a while, and it only includes what you should specify to run your image, like CPU and other stuff. But it does not describe anything about the API itself, like how the runtime should expose its API, and do you have anything in mind for including API also or is it just going to be just how you specify the... how do you run the image? Yeah, we had a philosophy of kind of crawl, walk, run. And we didn't, you know, collectively companies that were involved in supporting this to varying degrees were worried about over-driving our headlights. So we tried intentionally to start with the very basics, and there are next version topics that I think are getting teed up, and that's certainly one of them, distribution, the other things, right? The other thing that we really are also trying to do with the OCI is think of the, you know, if you think of the Asian yin-yang symbol of black and white and synergy, we're trying to keep the OCI focused on the fundamental container technology. We're not trying to take it, you know, across the line, if you will, into the orchestration space. We're trying to be very complimentary, obviously, to what the CNCF is looking to do with container orchestration. Steven? Yeah, and that question is, it's frustrating for me because that would have made certifications so much easier if we had to add that. And so that exact question has been an active debate for a long time, but at the end of the day, there was also the, the engineers building the spec were in a position that they could actually claim victory at that point, and that was a good thing to do at the two-year mark. So that's why it's still an active discussion. There's proposals underway that will allow us to kind of do that. Have another question over there in the middle.  Actually, allow me to take this back here. Please. Oh no, you clapped. You clapped and you're one of the engineers helping build the specifications, so I think you should share an answer here. The topic has been like, was just set a second ago up for debate since even before OCI was a thing. And the very first steps were the image, the actual image format, something that could be distributed in the runtime. So now that the V1 is out for the image and the runtime spec, and it's like sabbatical for all the people that were involved for the last two years. Everybody's teeing up what we're going to be working on for 2018. There is an OCI face-to-face tomorrow. So besides like just updates and current events, the two items on that agenda right now are a distribution API and a common way to build OCI images. So it is very, very much demanded and needed because there's plenty of de facto stuff out there but it needs to be ironed down. And thank you, Vincent Bats from Red Hat. Oh, hang on, we'll get you a mic. Damn it, Steve. Steve-o, Steve-o. If you can distribute a content-addressable blob, you can distribute an OCI image. So it's all about figuring out how we distribute those. Like once you have the content IDs, you can distribute it over any medium that can do those content IDs. And figuring out how to do that is the problem. So does that mean we should have a distribution spec? Probably. But also right now it's pretty open in how you can distribute an image because once you get to that ID space, you can be really creative. So these are exactly the kinds of things that we get to debate in this one. And so that's why like the work is they are starting to ramp up again for what the effort will look like for the next phase of specifications in 2018. So if you're interested and your company has a perspective or you want to share your expertise, I would encourage you to participate. See, I mean just a question like that. Steven, if he was a dog, Steven's tail would be wagging because he just likes this stuff. Like the different kind of work. Maybe too strong. We've got time for one or two more questions before we wrap up. And Steven, as we start to wrap up, I'll have you come up here for one last event. But a couple of closing remarks. I have a thing or two you want to make a... No, that was really it. I would encourage you to come and participate if this is something that affects the way you want to start thinking about things at scale. It's not just a game for vendors. There's lots of bleeding edge users out there that have real experience with how they're doing things like deployment today. And so your opinions are valuable. My initial step into the standards world a very long time ago. I was on the user side of the house. I was working for EDS in a General Motors factory and we cared about the standard and thought we'd go find out what it was all about and that was a very fruitful number of years in my career. So from even just an understanding of how specifications happen is always good in this industry. And if you'll indulge us, we have to go on posterior record for this. So if everyone in the audience that enjoyed today's session will raise their hand, say yay!  Thanks for that. Seriously, how many got something out of or enjoyed today's session? Just a quick show of hands. If all of you would take a moment to provide that feedback to the Lynx Foundation, Steven and I would greatly appreciate it. If you found it a little lackluster, well, you've got better things to do with your time than to respond to those surveys. So... Oh, great. Really do appreciate it. Thanks everyone for attending. Do stay for the Container D update following in this breakout session. And with that, a big round of applause for my partner in crime. Thanks very much, folks. Thank you.