Buenos tardes, so good afternoon. My name's Nikomi Bentley and I'm from a small company called Stensilla, based in New Zealand, and we make software for dynamic data-driven documents. So this is the original title of my talk. Sorry, this is the original title of my talk. It's sort of rhymes and it's got some nice acronyms in there but it's quite a mouthful and maybe a bit click baity. So I came up with another title which is Making Stochastic Parents Announce Their Present. So hopefully as the talk goes on the reason for this will come apparent. So as I said I come from New Zealand, here in Christchurch, New Zealand. A lot of people have said I come all the way from New Zealand to come to Buenos Aires all the way over here. It's a long way to travel and yeah if you look at this map of the world like we're used to seeing it looks like somewhere like San Francisco or London is much closer to Buenos Aires and all the way over here. But if you look at the world from a different perspective based on the South Pole you'll actually see that Christchurch, New Zealand where I come from is actually quite close to Buenos Aires and to get here I just flew across the Pacific didn't have to go all the way around. And I think these two maps quite illustrate one of the concerns around the use of generative AI in research. One of the concerns there is that if all the training data that AI models are based on is in English and has an Anglo-American centric bias then maybe the answers that we're getting from generative AI are going to be biased similarly. So I'm going to be talking about some of the benefits risks and roles of generative P-chain transformers and other generative AI in research. The first of the things I'm going to talk about really are some of the risks involved in that and the alternative title of my talk Stochastic Parrots owes to this paper from Bender et al. in 2021 where they first coined this phrase and this paper goes into a lot of detail about potential risks we just saw in the previous talk in this room from Adrian some of the risks in terms of exploitation of workers the labelling the data sets are being used these models being used to train on but in this talk I'm going to really focus on some of the aspects of the risk to research and as many of you will be aware one of the risks in using GPTs generative AI and research is that they can be confident bullshit artists. So I asked Jack BT GBT the same question as which I posed originally about which city is closest to Buenos Aires London San Francisco Istanbul or Christchurch where I come from and it confidently replies that the closest city to Buenos Aires Istanbul actually it's the furthest of them all and if you look I've done some fact-checking here the numbers in terms of kilometres are wrong and in fact according to the numbers that Jack GBT gives us San Francisco should be the one which it says is closest so there's a whole lot of things which are wrong here and obviously for this particular question we shouldn't rely on Jack BT GBT to do our research but there are a lot of benefits that people are discovering and the last five years seen five months I should say has seen a big explosion in the use of GPTs and particular through Jack GBT that's been released recently a lot of you will have tried it and found the benefits that potentially it brings to increasing your productivity these are some of the things that personally I found Jack GBT to be useful things you know it's a better ad-free for now search engine for certain topics things like unblocking writer's block just getting started with writing improving first drafts things like for researchers whose first language isn't English being able to do translation for instance to translation text into scientific English so despite the risks and the problems with GBT I think the genie is out of the bottle so to speak and the we're going to see these sorts of technologies be used in research more often and so we are seeing that uptake already and concerns around Jack GBT being listed in research papers as authors paper fabrications so people using AI to generate false research papers and so forth and so some of the responses to this have been things like what we might call a detect and ban approach so there are certain techniques such as AI detection algorithms and watermarking which can be used to detect text that's been generated by generative AI and you can see this study that was published last year the original abstracts which are written by humans this is AI detection software does quite well in classifying most of them as being having zero percent AI detection score whereas the ones that were actually generated by chat GDP have most of them have scores but it's not perfect and we're still these algorithms are still missing up on some of the AI generated content even despite this the detection algorithms we're finding that slight modifications to the wording so you get your chat to your BT text to make slight modifications to the wording and these AI detection algorithms start to fail and form much worse so a more nuanced approach rather than saying just detect and ban and more nuanced approach is to say well we'll allow you to use AI for polishing your work and so rather than just copying and pasting from Jack BT Jack P teach I have a problem saying that GBT into your into a scientific article will allow you to use it for editing and that raises the questions of how do you draw the line between editing and writing this is a sort of more nuanced approach that we already have in place for the roles of human authors in research so you might be familiar with something called the contributor roles taxonomy which is 14 roles that can be used to represent the roles typically played by contributors in research outputs and so we have things like conceptualization funding acquisition methodology visualization writing the original draft and so forth and maybe we need to start to think about how we can formulate some roles for generative AI in research things like editing work taxi have already written translating summarizing generating code for instance in dynamic documents such as Jupyter notebooks you might want to want to use AI there but making that explicit and crediting the roles of different not only humans but also AI is in that process so I've talked then about GBTs and and generative AI in general but the other technology that I want to talk about today is conflict-free replicated data types and these are a technology that's emerged just in the last decade or so and they're really seen as an alternative for decentralized collaboration that similar to using Google docs but allowing us not to all rely on Google servers and centralized collaboration where Google control our data and there's a group of researchers including Mark Kletman from the University of Cambridge and others who have come together under the Incan switch organization that have really led a lot of the work in developing these algorithms that allow this offline collaboration one of the important things about CRDTs is they allow synchronization of really highly structured documents so here's a to-do list and you might have one user editing the to-do list or one machine and then on another device completely offline not requiring a separate server you've got another person using this editing this to-do list and it involves not just text but also brilliant values and arrays and so forth and when there's a network communication available when someone goes online these two versions can sync and you get the same result in the end and then another important aspect of CRDTs for today's talk is the fact that they allow for really fine-grained version control and branching so some really recent work done by Carissa McKelvie and other people at Incan switch looked at how you could use CRDTs to do get style version control and merging and branching and so this sort of illustrates the way that I see that we might be able to combine these two technologies CRDTs and GPTs so can we use CRDTs to track the provenance of research content including that content that is created by AIs so this approach could be labeled trust but verify approach in that we're going to say that let's trust authors to use generative AI responsibly they're not going to just ask it to write a scientific paper for them they're going to use them use it to help them edit their text and just make themselves more productive we want to move away from a copy and paste of generated text into a word document and instead move towards treating generative AI as a contributor in the paper that we explicitly acknowledge the role that it's had and we do this by automatically recording the prompts that we use to ask the generative AI assistance to help us and then record any fine-grained changes that the generative AI has made so we can see we're in the document AI has been evolved and exactly what changes and what words can be attributed to the humans and that what words can be attributed to the AI so what would this look like so you might be an author on a paper and you've written a paragraph that it's about the methods that you used and then you ask the AI to improve the wording of this paragraph make it more concise and so the AI responds sure here are some suggested changes and it's removed some words and it's added in some words and instead of this just being a blob of text that we're going to copy and paste into document what we're going to do is actually review and accept some of those changes so the AI becomes an assistant in the process and we can say we're going to accept or reject some or all of those changes and using what the version control aspects of CODTs we can then have a history of the document including where AI was gone through and edited a particular paragraph where we can record the prompt that we used and who reviewed and merged it in and so just like you would use a get log to get a history of changes to a document we can use the CRDTs to generate the similar summary so this is what this is an approach that we're exploring at the moment with Stanciller we have a all our documents are represented by JSON data so this is similar to what I showed you before with a to-do list CRDTs allow us to represent these documents as these version controlled repositories and we can then incorporate artificial intelligence just like we do with normal users where we can record their organization and their first and given name we can record potentially the version the name of the AI that was used and so forth if anyone's interested this is a link to the repo you can see what we're doing there on that now and then the advantage of that is that when we publish this document is HTML all that metadata about the affiliations including potentially the AI can be published to the web and I'll just finish off with Maori proverb that links back to my alternative title for the talk as the sheer water announces a presence as a parent announces presence so too do I thank you thank you so much for that Nikome we have four minutes for questions does anyone have a question they would like to ask yes I will come to you hi thanks that was super interesting I was wondering if you're trying to encourage scientific authors to sort of record and report the use of AI do you think there are certain policies or rules that will have to be written and enforced by journals or other organizations to make that happen sort of like the trust like how how much are we trusting versus requiring yeah I think so I think it's probably a combination of both like I mean if you require it then you've got to put in some sort of way of detecting it and as I've shown that's not foolproof and there's it's like we're spam you know there's going to be this war against it and they're going to find people going to find ways around it and so I suppose this approach as I'm advocating here is let people use it but make it easy for them to record how they've used it and so reviewers can go through and look at the document history and say oh well they used it to just make their work more efficient and they can see exactly that it was original research with just the help of AI assistance so I have a question so this reminds me of you know other types of software that researchers and authors are already using can you tell us more about how that is currently being like recorded or recognized are there you know you know like other tools like a Trello or a Github or something that people already use to help them in these processes are those acknowledged currently yeah so I think with what we're seeing in the emergence of AI in the recent years there's an opportunity to sort of build something from the ground up in a sense that takes these factors and these issues into account when you use a tool like lots of people researchers are using Github these days and are used to this sort of history so this isn't a far jump from that but it's just a way of avoiding that copy and paste mechanism where people are using Google docs or Word and so forth and just copy and pasting generated text into their documents yeah that makes sense yeah one last one okay how do I start right I know that everybody's been talking about GPT you shouldn't use it for generating text X and Y but I mean did we suddenly just forget about tools like Grammarly spell checker would you just click one button and it changed things you know like what's your take on that because it's like I feel like last year everybody was talking about Grammarly how it stops your style it changed your hard document and now we just nobody's talking about it and everybody now just talking about chat so yeah and I think what's the difference there yeah I think it's a really good point um yeah all of the things have the potential to influence how we write and and what we produce and so yeah I suppose the rationale behind this approach is let's at least record that and make that explicit of what tools we've used and how we've used them so that we don't need to be second guessing you know so that reviewers don't need to be going oh this person's just generated this or not we can actually say it yeah thank you in a comment can we have another round of applause please


It was a statewide day of action as Minnesotans rallied together against domestic violence. Josh Peterson was at Bemidji City Hall where supporters gathered and heard from special guest speakers. If we are to end domestic and sexual violence in our communities, we must first recognize victim survivors. We must listen, we must learn, and we must believe. All across the state, those seeking to stand up against domestic violence gathered to reflect on the lives lost and look forward to action needing to be taken. The Northwoods Better Woman shelter hosted the rally where attendees got to hear from multiple speakers. It is a statewide community awareness event that is bringing domestic violence to light as a problem in society. During the rally, Bemidji Police Chief Mike Mastin read the names of 24 victims of domestic violence while their picture was shown on a screen. A powerful reminder that the victims represent everyone. They are our family members, our friends, and our co-workers, our neighbors. They are people we love, people we may not know but say hello to at the gas station or at the grocery store. They are us. Karen Stish spoke of her sister who was a victim. She says domestic violence could happen anywhere, especially in places you would least expect We need to be aware and educated because, like I said before, it can be anywhere. I think sometimes we take for granted that it's in other places, but it can be right next door. The rally was not only a time to reflect but also a time to take action by showing support for proposed legislation. Audience members received these we-believe postcards which they filled out during the rally to show support for domestic violence legislation. It has to do with some other legislative asks that we feel really impact people who are experiencing domestic violence and it impacts the people who commit domestic violence. Throughout the rally, the message of the day was to believe and listen to survivors and make positive change in our communities. In Bemidji, Josh Peterson, Lakeland News. A similar rally against domestic violence was held today at the state capitol in St. Paul. If you enjoyed this segment of Lakeland News, please consider making a tax-deductible contribution to Lakeland PBS.


hi guys welcome to a new vlog where are we windy uh where are we we're in castedega i couldn't remember the name of it and we're here to explore slash see a medium yeah it's really it's gonna be really cool and um obviously i'm not gonna like film that part because you know i don't know but i will do like overview of the area that we're in just because it's pretty cool it's very different it's very different yeah fallory was just commenting on the great opportunity this is from my youtube channel yes she's excited i am there's the other lady ladies this is the um memorial temple here they recently opened it okay so when we were driving here and we went past this bookstore there was a black cat oh my gosh guys i'm like that's perfect i do love black cats if you guys didn't know we had a black cat and her name was jazz and she was just so patient like i always tell the story but when i was little i got the brush stuck in her tail right i was holding this cat by the tail and i was like melary i need help and the cat was just like how would she never ever bit me it was a precious little thing this is the hotel and this is the bookstore so this is gonna be so fun my little one i'm so sorry you scared me so bad this cat goes meow and i'm like ah okay so we're in this cute bookstore here it's cool so i'm gonna get manda probably one of something that says castedega because look at this fun stuff oh those are cool too okay wendy how was the reading two thumbs up yeah she did a really good job and wendy gets a clustering do clustering i know that they do fun stuff yeah turn the light on my clock on we're going to the hotel castedega here oh man big step i don't know with mediums this is inside the hotel pretty interesting in here oh look at all these tarot ducks and oracle cards isn't that cool this is so cool so old-fashioned this is such a vibe i love it look at the new tv though yeah this all this vintage furniture and then they have a restaurant do they open this restaurant sherry i don't know oh yeah they must be open they probably open for like dinner okay so i got these little postcards i'm gonna do a little haul so i got this one i think i'm gonna keep one of them and then give one to manda um hopefully she doesn't watch this she probably doesn't watch my video so it's fine but yeah i got these this is a little something i got for myself it just looks like this i like the tree and the crystal on it it's green this is adventuring and it helps with prosperity tree of life and grounding its strength all of the stuff that i'm gonna show you now is from manda um i got her some rainbow moonstone i don't know a lot about crystals but i just thought that was the most cool um this is sage that they have on here um just to like cleanse it then this crystal here is called still bite and i just thought it was really cute and it looked good in her crystal cottage because it's like kind of pink and neutral so i picked up this one for her and i don't know i just really like the look of it it was kind of calling to me so these are the two i got for her and i got her a couple more things i also picked up this moss agate because manda's favorite stone she loves moss agate so i picked up this one for her it's just a little tumble i'm sure she already has one but i mean it's kind of in a cool packaging and i don't know it's from castega then i got her this castedega little tumble rock just says castega spiritualistic camp and then castega florida just looks like this i have no idea what this is i think it's just a rock and then i also got her this gorgeous keychain because it's really pretty it's rose quartz and they wire wrapped it and it's just a little point i don't know i just thought it was really cute and she really likes the pink stone so i just thought that she would like this one and they were so nice to put sage in all of the crystals and stuff for cleansing so i thought that was pretty cool where are we now and she is gonna get a shirt i'm gonna get a shirt because i've never been here before yeah so we're at island beachwear show us what you picked out oh those are cute you like the other one better the pink yeah oh that's cute say ton of beach oh it's the same design oh that's cute i like it yeah and it's pink sherry tell us what we're doing now yeah oh my gosh this is one of sherry's favorite restaurants and catfishes and it is and they taught a beach obviously port orange and it's on the water so sherry's ecstatic that we're eating here blue jeans sundae brunch oh it's been forever since we've been here sherry a little outside area little playground oh my gosh it's so crowded this is what it looks like on the inside always super crowded in here oh i don't know what are you gonna get everything here smells so good the rolls here are so good everything's really good okay so here's just a little glimpse of the menu it's giant you get so much food they have this great seat by the water here look at this view yes yes we highly recommend okay so i didn't really vlog this but when do you got us some beverages i think the last clip you just saw was us at the bar maybe not i don't know i'm forgetting what i vlog now again not forgetting to vlog the food this is what i got i got shrimp some fries i got some crab legs over here i love crab legs guys sherry's already digging in they both got the catfish obviously sweet potato because we are at in catfishes did you get the same thing as sherry i did oh my gosh i changed my mind i do my grill um fried okay so i forgot to vlog the desserts but i know i had coffee ice cream and i had to have the whipped cream with it or else it would just be too strong but with the combine it was really good and then the ladies over here got key lime pie the most key lime pie was whipped cream this is whipped cream and graham cracker crust that's left over yeah but they enjoyed it you can see like a little bit there we go okay so don't mind this stuff it's just stuff from wellston this clip before we end the vlog is a little story about this piece of art if lindy can one eternity later this right here he's the camera right here damn it oh there you go that's it there it is it has crabs and seafood lobster fish and then this is the thing that it goes on here's the total package like sherry okay tell the story okay so we were talking about maybe if we move sometime our kitchen is going to be a totally different color scheme so that obviously is not black and white and gray or silver or anything close to it imagine what we have now but not what we might have planned for the future so both ballerina and alex have been not it they have both been after me to get rid of it and i don't want to get rid of it because i love it it's beautiful i spent a lot of money for it it was a really really expensive in celebration i found it cheaper in columbus someone and we she drove that thing over here care you know with that thing in the front baby so i didn't break it so they've been harassing me what am i going to do with it i'm like i'm not throwing it away i'm gonna keep it so then when wendy got here wendy says oh there's that oh my god tell you're part of the story omg moment well it's probably more like a senior moment so i have been talking to my former mother-in-law about this beautiful bowl that she used to have so she's about to turn 80 and she would like to downsize some of her trinkets in her house so i told her that i really wanted the bowl that sat at the end of her counter that had crabs and fish on it and i could visualize it on this beautiful counter because her kitchen is kind of peachy and beachy and it matches this lovely piece of artwork however i had the wrong house and i had the wrong family members so i came in and i realized it was sitting on the top of this lovely refrigerator here at the blanket ship crab tree estate and now we are going to pass it laterally it's gonna be a lateral it's a lateral toss to her sister and then we will pass it down through generations yeah i know it will be well taken care of i have spoken with it and it's promised to be really good for wendy and it's gonna be beautiful in her house because it will just match everything it'll be really pretty yes i called it the crab pot but really well there's a crab on it but all right so wendy's going home tomorrow but first she's modeling her outfit we're finally home i have no idea what this looks like with my house i'll show you it's pretty cute that is going to be it for this video i hope you guys enjoyed make sure you give it a thumbs up subscribe and i'll see you guys in my next video bye


I'm Gerald Stocca, I'm an extension veterinarian and livestock stewardship person here at NDSU and this morning we're actually at the beef unit, the NDSU beef unit where typically we run a cow-calf operation here but due to circumstances associated with the pandemic we've got some cattle here on feed and our topic today is heat stress and pneumonia and it's probably a good place to start right here with these feedlot cattle in the background as you can see some are up here eating from the bunk a ration that consists of roughage and by that I mean hay and perhaps even a little bit of other components to that hay it's not all just grass hay it's not just alfalfa hay but there's other components in the hay and then some corn and some protein supplement and vitamin and mineral supplement as well and you can see some are up and if you look back in the pen there's some others in the pen that are just laying around and chewing their cud and relaxing so the purpose was to show you cattle that are loving life at this point and they certainly are so our topic today though is heat stress and these cattle are not in heat stress it's a beautiful day it's like 70 degrees humidity is I'm not sure but it's not real high so this is a very comfortable day it's comfortable for people and it's comfortable for cattle so when we get into this topic of heat stress though that presents a different situation it's when temperature increases humidity increases and we use a kind of an equation to come up with what we call heat index so when both temperature and humidity increase we get into a hint heat index category that puts stress on animals and what you'll notice about heat stress when the heat index is at certain numbers is that the cattle will increase respiration rate remember that you and I dissipate heat by sweating and trying to find cool air conditioning and shade and all those things well cattle will do the same things but cattle don't sweat and so they have to respire in other words they have to breathe off that extra heat and they'll try and seek shade and cool spots just like you and I do but in the feedlot it can be a little bit difficult if there's not shade so they'll increase their respiration rate these cattle are probably breathing at a rate somewhere around 30 to 40 breaths per minute when under heat stress they'll breathe a lot faster and when they get severe heat stress then you can have cattle that breathe maybe as many as a hundred times per minute and that's that's a sign that something some intervention needs to take place and maybe it's sprinkling the pen with water to decrease the heat that comes off the surface and there may be other things that you would need to do long-term if it if it continues for several days you may need to change the ration decrease the energy content of the ration you may need to start feeding during the evening late afternoon early evening hours so that that heat that's generated by the feed can kind of have a chance to dissipate when it's cooler outside make sure there's enough drinking water and so on and so forth so heat stress in confinement it's not so much related to respiratory disease that you and I typically think of but it's certainly related to stress on the respiratory system so I think the more important component of heat stress and respiratory disease may be related to the cow calf sector now cows and calves that are out on pasture have an advantage over confined cattle in that they most of the time can seek higher levels for the wind blows most of the time they can find shade sometimes they can even find water to stand in or a shallow place to stand in this water so they have ways to dissipate some of this heat out on pasture where confined cattle may not have that same advantage where this can translate into respiratory disease always is in usually manifested in our nursing calves are calves that are suckling their mothers and it's at a time in their life when we wouldn't expect pneumonia or respiratory disease to occur but it does it can occur in a very small number of animals and it's very sporadic from year to year but it does occur and really I would say it's it's a it's it's when the bacterial agents and viral agents take advantage of stressors in that calves life and so we're talking about heat stress today so if a calf becomes a little bit under heat stress and increases its respiration rate then that means that defense mechanism isn't working as well as it should and so it may allow those pathogens those bacteria and viral pathogens to gain access and actually cause disease and of course there's more to it than that and the other component that always has to be considered is do these calves have enough immunity in their system or was there something that happened to that calf in around the birthing process that he didn't get enough immunity from its mom and now is not protected against these pathogens so that's another component the other one is kind of social it's related to sorting cattle it's relating to cattle being crowded up and where they're in closer contact with one another and they can share bugs back and forth just a little bit easier and even that social crowding creates a little bit of psychological stress in the lives of these calves in addition to that synchronization programs AI programs anytime you're sorting even at branding and you're separating the cows from the cows per puts a little bit of stress in those calves so it's not usually just one thing it's not usually just heat stress it's not usually just immune function it's not usually just psychological but it's it's it's all of those components that come together that cause these calves that may develop pneumonia and the signs of it are calf that's off by himself droop deer you might find one that that is dead make sure your veterinarians involved in that and there may be some vaccination recommendation but most often that calf does need antibiotic antibacterial therapy in order to have him overcome what he's dealing with in the lungs so that's our topic for today I hope you enjoyed our conversation if you have any questions you can call me or one of our beef specialists to talk more about heat stress and summer pneumonia


Road traffic noise has been linked to increased risks of both hypertension and coronary heart disease. A recent meta-analysis of 14 studies found that exposure to road traffic noise is associated with a 10% higher risk of developing coronary heart disease. This finding is consistent with previous research which suggests that road traffic noise can lead to increased stress levels, sleep disturbance, and other health problems. This article was authored by Wolfgang Babish.


I remember a little girl who every time she was like 10 years old, every time the prayer time came in, she would just sit there while all her friends got up to pray. This girl would just sit there and I used to notice that and wonder about it. But finally, one day I just asked the mom, I said, I noticed so-and-so never gets up to pray when all her friends are praying. And she said, you know, I don't want to force my daughter to pray. She's only 10 years old, so I don't want to force religion on her. She sees that I pray, so when the time comes, she'll pray. So I was like, oh, okay. I didn't know if that was right or wrong. I myself was still trying to figure out how to teach my kids prayer, to be regular with prayer. But then a couple of days later, the mom called me and she said, you know, Hina, it's interesting after our conversation that kind of sparked something in me and I sat my daughter down and I said, honey, you're coming of age now, prayer needs to be a priority for you. So I really think now that you're 10 years old, you need to take on one prayer, decide which prayer you want to do and then keep it from now on, do that prayer. And after six months, you should take on a second prayer. And then after you've done two prayers for, you know, one year, then you should take on a third prayer. So that basically by the end of age 11, you're doing all five prayers regularly. So they had this conversation. She said, you won't believe it the next day at Fajr. She said, my daughter was the one who came and woke me up. She said the whole time I'd been talking to her, she'd been listening really attentively. She said, my daughter was the one who came and woke me up, gave me the Jan Amaz, gave me my Thezbi. And she said, what I realized is that she was just waiting for me to talk to her about it. Just assuming that she's going to get the message wasn't enough. I had to actually tell her what my expectations are of her. So that's really important to remember that you have to be willing to push your kids out of their comfort zone.


Going on everyone Sam here with late sports cards. We've been 23 Pneedon wrist football hobby three box break number two Random team style. There's a look again at your random results as always you can find these on the website under the results tab as well as the link in chat We had Charles L and Michael D with the Saints up top and then down we had Dan L and Shane are Dan L with the Lions Shane are with the Bills and Josh B with the Chiefs So Good luck here, buddy. Yeah. Yeah, there was you had a there was a Lion or the geron it was Geron Hall to 10 in that and Matt said I'm not gonna put in the recap I guess what? What's it called Rick said there was a Viking out of ten in last break, but I didn't see it in the recap Sorry, right? There was a Geron. I think there was eight out of ten. Yeah, I might have it was Geron It was Geron Hall for sure Sorry about that Rick. Yeah, sorry Rick. It's definitely in there though. Yeah, no, it'll be in there for sure So I'm saying unbelievable what I'm saying That's what I'm saying. That was like Geron Hall. He's not going in the week Frank Frank or Josh Downs and Aiden Hutchinson Was the downtown counter is cute Yeah, Hallie made that one. Yeah, I got you Rick. No problem, buddy. No problem at all We got redemption to Vanna Chan the rookies auto nice one there for The the dolphins This is this isn't expected Jonathan Mingo Zay flowers and Ray Greenlaw Geez oh no forgot about this. Oh, no, there's no way Okay, we've got to uh To an enigma will pull a Pala tag of my love, I got tagged by love. I don't know No, there's no way to a negama no la pun There's no way, there's no way Cheese man, brutal, Aiden O'Connell, Miles Garrett, Joe Thomas, Jacoby Myers, what are we doing man? There's no way dude. That is Jordan Addison, Nick Chubb, Sam LaPorta, and BJ O'Jallari. supper Mars. supper Mars. These cameras actually cancel Aiden, jeez. Keon White, we got Sean Clifford, nice one there for the Packers, Bass and Jeffrey Simmons. Alvin Kamara, two 500, flip it around, we got Bass, Bass, Bass, Bass, Mozzie Snith, Mike Alstott, and Great Iron Kings of Josh Allen. You're having a fun time with that one out there. Yeah, jeez man, a lot lobby, Brian Branch, Desmond Ritter, Warren Sapp, and Kurt Cousins 200, Tanner McKee, we got Justin Jefferson, two at 399, Will Anderson, and Quinton Johnson, those are numbered I don't think, yeah, two back-to-back inserts, Bass and Bass, Broderick James, Trevor Lawrence, Dominators, Champus here, Tommy Townsend, got AJ Brown, Elite Series, Henden Hooker, and Joe Mixon, purple to 500 for the Bengals, Tank Dell, Dylan Hor, and Elite Series of Damian Pierce, we got Kurt Cousins on the highlights to 100, and Jamar Jefferson, so Luca, Luca, what's up buddy, Elite Series, Zach Charbonnet, Tamir Gibbs, and Anthony Richardson-Red, nice one there, Anthony Richardson-Rookie, I don't know, I don't know if it's gonna hit today or it's gonna take a few days to get out as well, Jordan Addison, and T. Higgins, BJ Ojalari, Roshan Johnson, Brock Wright, highlights, and Bass of Deon Branch, Will Leviss, we've got nice, downtown Marshall Falk, congrats on that one there Ram, Sam, Sam A, let's go baby, Super Bowl downtown Marshall Falk, that's fire, that's so sick, that is sick, bunch of pumps So cool, Ram, oh yeah, you're right, you're right, you're right, you're right, nice one there, let's go Sam, good stuff buddy, that's dope, get that into a mag, Tua, Michael Wilson, bass and bass, sir, the chat vibes are real, damn right, let's go Sam, there's Josh Downs missing name plate, Nick Bosa, Cedric Tillman and bass, again same first name mojo right there Sam, same first name mojo right there, so sweet dude, I love those, I like a downtown like that, like an older guy, Saquon, Herbert, McCaffrey, I always want to get the raise, I want to see the Merino ones, yeah the Merino ones gonna be dope, first downtown let's go Sam, hell yeah dude, congrats buddy, Sam Laporta, Herbert and Aaron Rodgers red, downtown counter now at two, yes now at two, Tyler Lockett, Zach Charbonnet and Derek Henry, kids, all right there, we've got a Devonte Adam, nice there we go Jared Goff, Dominators, 2 2 99, Mims and Bass, Jaylin Hyatt, Jordan Addison, Derek Hall, sauce gardener, Zay Flowers and Joey Porter Jr. Jake Hayner to 75, Juju Brentz and Devon Witherspoon, Alvin Kamara to 25 for the Saints, JSN and Aiden O'Connell to 75, Quinn and Williams, Devon Witherspoon rookie, elite series Trey Tucker and Devon O'Chain, Anton Harrison, aqueous test of Michael Gallup, Chris Jones, Bass and Bass, Brock Purdy, Ryan Erlocker on the Canton Kings to 199 for the Bears, nice one there, I don't know if they're in cellos or not Sam, I don't know if they're in cellos, Jaylin Hyatt, Josh Jacobs and Christian Watson, optic preview coming up here, it's gonna be Kalyza Kansy, nice one there, congrats on that, Josh Allen, Kirk Cousins and Bass, Bijan Robinson, Cooper Cup, Will Anderson and Henden Hooker, legend series of Joe Cleco and Shaq Thompson, third trademark for Zach Levine, there's like, teams are not interested in Zach Levine, it's wild, people want Patrick Williams, not Patrick Williams, people want Caruso more, for sure, Marvin Mims and Bass, I would take, I would take, I just think like you're taking on that contract, that's the only thing, Drake London missing nameplate, it's bigger than my belly, there you go, you might cost you a little more money than you would want, but true, I mean if you're like if you're making a run it makes sense to get Levy, you have to trade more assets, yeah well you can get away with trading less for Caruso over Levine, oh yeah for sure, like for Caruso, Caruso's defense dude is like that's, yeah that's big, Levine's like, he's like your modern-day Delvedovo or something like that, right exactly, he's not like you're gonna be your main guy, but like I mean he's won a championship, he's been a pretty like a good contributor on a championship, yeah yeah, I would say so, yeah I know the Bucks are gonna try to get Caruso, he is legitimately what they need, that's Jamal Williams, Sam Laporta, Deandre Swain, I literally that's like the, yeah that could be the last puzzle piece right there, ideal fit right there is Caruso, Aiden O'Connell rookie, have him come off the bench for Dame, Leo Chanel to 2.99, congrats on that one there, Chiefs on the champus here Otto, yeah no I mean it's very possible, JC Horne that's kind of scary if they do, yeah yeah, Tank Del, Jay Jetta's nice one there, Action All Pros, and Stefan Diggs, Johnson, Isaiah Pacheco, Christian Gonzalez, and Damian Pierce, Michael Meyer, the Raiders, Hurtson Parsons, Matt Reeves, what's up Matt Reeves, Anthony Richardson, Dax, that's in Bennett Bomb Squad and Chris Rodriguez Jr. Red, you know he's like super nice at golf, is he really? Yeah, he's like really nice, no I'm just kidding, to a hundred Kyler Murray, I didn't know that actually, but yeah he's really nice at golf, Tyree Wilson, and Tyler Scott, Hedden Hooker, Darren Hall, and base Jaren Hall, nice one there too, 16 for the Vikings, 16 for the Vikings, Josh Downes, and Dalton Kincaid on the canvas, got Tank Bigsby, that is to 500 for the Jags, John White, Sam LaPorta, and Jay Jetta's, Great Iron Kings, Clayton Tune, Russ, Champus here, Leo Chanel, and base, this is the thickest hell dude, look at that, oh jeez, should be numbered lower then, Jeffrey Simmons, nice one there to 100 on the patch, studio series, All-Pro Kings, very cool, congrats on that Titans, Rickos don't you dare put that all in the recap, that's great, oh my god that's funny, there's Ozzie Newsome, Jayler Hurts and Tink Dell, Red, I play Jake in our late and league, I'm out of it dude, I'm like too weak, I play Hallie, I'm close, if I lose like either this week or next week it's done for me though, Colesha Canty, Missing Nameplate, Hendon Hooker, and Dexter Jackson, I had a couple of, I had a couple really bad weeks, yeah, Brian Branch, Aaron Jones, Jackson Smith and Jigba, and George Pickens, Stefan Diggs, Van Jefferson and Don Beebe, Zack Thomas, Sam LaPorta to 100, nice one there on the Grid Iron Kings, and Bobby O'Kerrick, ooh we got Black Pandora, optic preview to end us off here, Bryce Young, it is KJ Henry for the Commanders, nice one Washington, 21 to 25, congrats on that, Black Pandora, Mack Jones, Champus here, and a Jason Seahorn, alright do a quick recap here, Daniel with a personal, thank you buddy, that is Tink Bigsby, these are again all numbered to certain statistics, Tink Bigsby, Joe Mixon, Alvin Kamara to 100, we got Sam LaPorta, Kyler Murray, Kirk Cousins, again Kirk Cousins twice, Quinney Williams to 75, Jake Hayner, KJ Henry to 25, Alvin Kamara to 25, and Jaren Hall to 16, got Jersey's of Jay Jettas, Brian Erlocker, Jeffrey Simmons to 100 as well, Autos we had Devon Achane, Leo Chanel, and Jared Gough to 199, and then we had a Marshall Falk downtown, nice one there for the Rams, that'll do it for the break everybody, thanks again for the fill, next up is nothing


Welcome back for more Exo Zeroes content, today's video we're going to discuss the top PvP teams and heroes as of December 13, 2020 but before that if you want to see more Exo Zeroes content please hit the subscribe button down below. Here we are at another edition of the top tier heroes in PvP so this will be for the month of December. So if you can see I've teased this already in my thumbnail, FC Genine, FC Shell are topping the top 10. So for FC Genine she actually went from second place last month up to the top spot so she has come all the way from nothing up to the top hero in terms of being used in PvP. Recently we've had an entry for Shell so Shell was also just given a new fate core and she is actually on the tails of Genine as of the moment so she's at a 66% usage of the top 50. So both of them have high usage in the top 50, again FC Genine coming first and FC Shell going second at 66%, Genine is at 76% as well. So rounding up the top three is FC Tantalu. So FC Tantalu's usage actually has recently gone up because of the two as well so most of the team comps that I've seen that have Genine Shell usually have Tantalu as well so that is why he climbed four spots from I think he was seventh before now he's now third so he has a 54% usage in the top 50 teams in PvP. Again I forgot to tell you guys this is based on the Asia server details or Asia server tournament rankings. Okay this is also as of December 13th, okay so our fourth one is Dorca so Dorca actually last month went out of the top 10. She's now back in fourth place at a 38% usage rate. Next is actually our former queen which is in the top five which is Iris so Iris dropped from being on the top for the past two months. Now she's in fifth so because of Shell she got a bump from the top. Genine Shell actually bumped her down to fifth so no surprise there because even I have been replacing Iris with Shell in my team. So I don't think she'll be gone in the top 10 but I don't think she'll be going up anytime soon especially with Genine and Shell dominating the top two. So she's there at number fifth spot with 36% usage which is pretty much still okay. So for our sixth spot we have here FC Garf so Garf has a usage of 32% he dropped one place he was fifth before so he's now at 32% usage together with Garf with the same percentage at 32% is FC Rera at 7% FC Rera is actually a newcomer to the top 10. Well guess what Rera and Bathory are already back in the top 10 after they got their signature force as expected they would be back with the vengeance because recently I've had a difficulty in fending off Rera's and Bathory's in PVP so they're basically top 10. Some of the teams actually mixed FC Shell, FC Genine, Rera and Bathory and sometimes Adams or sometimes FC Jin. So again speaking of FC Adams, Adams has climbed from the number 10 spot to number 8 so he climbed two spots at 30% usage Bathory on the other hand didn't climb any so she is still at 28% she didn't move a spot and another newcomer and our top 10 is FC Jin at 26% courtesy again of the Jinai Shell and Jin synergy which Jinai provides. So if you can see our top 10 the usage rates are pretty much high because most of the teams are using these heroes. They are the core heroes that are being used and you show in the next portion of teams what I mean by they're frequently used. So let's move on to our top teams. I'm sorry before we move to the top teams I'd like to mention that there are three notables that have been ejected from the top 10 namely FC Ramji, FC Annie and FC Deva so previously they were dominating PVP now they're out for the meantime. I assume that they will be back as well. Okay moving on to our top teams so for our top teams in PVP so we have 50 teams as well if you see there the top teams comprise of FC Shell no longer FC Iris so sad to say Iris is off the top teams already so most of them use FC Shell instead of her. The other common thing in the top three teams is FC Jinai she's also in the top three teams and FC Bathory, FC Rera again I told you guys that they are back and Dorca is also back, Tantalo is also there, FC Adams and actually FC Jin are also there in your top teams for December. Okay so also just to take note there are a lot of teams with the usage of two that are in the top teams I don't want to put all of them because they'll just clutter my screen but I'll put them down on the pinned comment section in this video so you may check them there there are a few which use Iris most of them actually use Shell for now because Shell actually gives a lot of versatility in her kit and she makes sure that she's kind of utility because just to give you guys a let's go back for a while to our sorry to our top heroes so for FC Shell and Jinai especially for Shell just want to you know feature them both because they're very good in what they do for FC Jinai speed increase speed decrease damage over time AOE damage for Shell it's usually a utility because what I learned with Shell is that she can really dominate the game depending on on the turn and depending on who goes next so let's say for example you have Shell and the next the next what do you call this the next hero that's going to go in that turn is for example FC Addy because I'm using FC Addy so what I do is I use my S2 for her but if I notice that the next two or the next heroes that are going to to take their turn are the enemy I use my S1 so it's actually she's actually a Swiss RB knife if I may call her I don't think she'll take over she'll take over Jinai for the top spot because Jinai can still be used without FC Shell but it's a good hand them that they they are in the top tier heroes in PVP at the moment so well we we have another month actually to make sure that you know it's either we we put them there higher with higher usage or we take them out of the top two spots Tantalo is a good it's a good it's a good support for them because she gives protection I haven't used Tantalo that much I've been using FC Garth and I went back to using Dorca I took out Deva as well in my team so that is it for the top heroes and the top teams in PVP in terms of usage rate again this is based on the Asian server top 50 teams as of December 13th so anyway guys if you have any comments suggestions if you want me to feature other stats in terms of PVP please let me know in the comments below so anyway guys I'll see you next month January hopefully it will be a good year I'll see you with the next episode of this one this will be my monthly episode for the top tier PVP and heroes in PVP for the Asian server top 50 okay y'all take care stay safe this is The Warden and I'm out


So I just I just got tired of getting pimped on so you went to another pimp No, I was quit. No, I went to the nation of Islam. I was looking for God But if you love Kenny Redd so much, why did you leave him? Why did I leave him cuz I got tired of getting pimped on and cold chili blood like I said sometimes you stop eating steak Because it's not healthy for you. You start eating chicken or eating fish That'll mean you hate the steak So I just I just got tired of getting pimped on so you went to another pimp I was quit. No, I went to the nation of Islam. I was looking for God Okay, so you went to the nation you thought going to like like Juma service. I was going to MGT classes I was going to this meeting why the nation and not just Because I'm a queen and I just want to know who I was You don't have seen to me Christianity equals slavery Somebody you know what I'm saying and explain that because that's how they they they kept slaves in check You know, I get it. I'm not gonna go there with you cuz you when you start on my politics Yes, it's a touchy because at the end of the day you just it's the way you taught if you taught a certain way And and like you like to be led I see what you're saying you like to be led by what you believe in and and if you believe in it There should be a structure around and a culture of people that's gonna lead you in the right direction And so you're saying that whole culture in the way that is being taught in the way you understand it Causes you to be in slavery. That's what you're saying. Mm-hmm.  Um, no, I don't claim no nothing. I'm just a child of the king Okay, you don't say I'm a spiritual child of God. I don't want to be in no Category, you know what I mean? I've done it. I've been to the synagogue. I've been to the mosque I've been to the church house, you know, and I have a relationship with God Personally myself I like that and that's all that counts and that's really what counts is when you have it's between you and God Yeah I think a lot of times people can't live with that They so quick to to say this or say that because they're trying to figure out a way to cover up their insecurity in their belief Right, so for you to believe a certain way doesn't make me feel no less of a person than what I believe in when you're mature But most people are immature so they can't figure out how to Deal with you because of how you feel about God because they don't trust what they feel and believe what they need to read Josh was Chapter 2 and read about Rahab Because I'm the modern Dave Ray have me. I like that. I like that a lot Yeah, we on boss talk one-on-one one-on-one. Yeah, we gonna talk


This is stock number 10245. We are here at Summit Automotive in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin. You're new and use light-duty truck headquarters today. We are checking out this super clean 2015 Chevy Silverado 1500 crew cab short box. This truck has the 5.3 liter v8 motor and from this HD video You will be able to tell that this truck is extremely clean all the way around inside and out Silver ice metallic is the color we shoot all of our videos in 1080p So if you have HD capabilities on your computer tablet or smartphone device Turn them on right now because it is like you're right here looking at the truck with me And definitely your best way to check out the vehicle before seen it in person comes with the factory chrome step bars Factory alloy rims and it does this one does have Michelin Defender LTX tires These are 265 65 R 18s and they have a lot of tread left I'd say close to 90 100% of the tread very new tires on here Driver's side front fender is an excellent condition. No dents or dings on that Factory fog lights in the lower valance and front bumper are in great shape No dents or dings on that Headlight lenses are nice and clean. It has the blacked out headlight bezels Passengers side fender is an excellent shape as well and the passenger side rim No scuffs or scrapes on that as you go down this side of the truck take note of how clean the body is how Reflective and mirror like that paint is we take these HD videos So if you are far away or even if you're close by and just cannot make the drip down You can still see the truck here the truck and have confidence in the vehicle that you're looking at before you even get here So that when you do get here, there's absolutely no surprises We want to make sure that you're comfortable that you're dealing with the right people and the right truck so that when you get here You're 100% ready to go More rockers look great frame and under body is an excellent shape on this truck and it's like that all the way underneath His back rim is in nice shape as well four-wheel disc brakes on the new body style and the back tires I've just as much tread as the front tires. I mean these tires are almost new very very new tires on here Bed rail covers on There you get the rear bumper steps full towing package, which includes the receiver hitch four pin and seven pin wiring Tailgate is in nice condition. I didn't see any dents or dings on that It comes with a tonneau sport soft roll-up tonneau cover. I didn't see any rips or tears on that Has the spray in bed liner. That's in nice condition And it has the easy lift assist tailgate also the shock down assist so it doesn't slam on you Shuts nice and solidly Didn't see any dents or dings on that rear bumper Has some nice mud flaps on it factory mud flaps Probably why the truck looks so good on the body Pass or driver's side box just as clean as the passenger side no dents or dings on that and this back rim is an Excellent shape as well and that tire is just as much tread as the rest and finally down the rest of the side Of the truck very very clean no dents no dings no scuffs no scrapes as the power mirrors with the built-in blind spot mirrors Inside you get the LT one package, which gives you the black cloth interior There are no rips or tears on these seats. They're in really nice condition Power driver seat Factory all-weather floor mats throughout auto headlamps turned out four-wheel drive and factory brake controller power windows power Locks and power mirrors as we hop inside the truck here. You can see that this one has 42,279 miles instrument cluster is very nice and clean comes with a leather wrap steering wheel cruise controls on the left Blue tooth and information center controls on the right no rips or tears on that steering wheel It's in nice shape six-speed automatic transmission. You get the Chevy my link system am FM and Sirius XM radio capabilities. It also does have a CD player. You get your compass display right there as well This is also where your backup camera shows up down here. You get your dual climate control heated seats stability control your cargo lamps Buttons right there. There's a PowerPoint and then a plug-in All the way underneath here Kind of hard to see Anyways heated seats all-weather floor mat on that side passenger seat is in nice condition as well No rips or tears on that side curtain airbags and the headliner is in really nice condition as well Do you get your map lights up there and on-star capabilities? We'll take a quick look at the back seats and then we will check out under the hood 40 20 40 split bench seating in the front there so you do get a six-passenger option in this truck Back seats are just as clean as the front seats latch child safety system fixed glass rear defrost These seats fold up for extra storage Carpeting is nice and clean back here. It does have all-weather floor mats back here as well And there are your jack tools these seats to fold down like so And we will take a quick look under the hood I would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today, hopefully from this HD video You will have been able to tell just how clean this truck is all the way around Inside and out under the hood. We have the 5.3 liter v8 engine engine maze very clean runs very smooth This truck has been fully safe to Dan inspected by our service shop has a fresh oil and filter change All the fluids have been checked and topped off the truck has been gone through Mechanically 100% has four like new tires and is 100% ready to go to see more pictures of this super clean truck Or one of our other 450 new and used cars trucks SUVs minivans wranglers. You name it We got it go to our website www.summitauto.com full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle from two locations all at summit auto.com If you'd like to check out more HD videos You can go to youtube.com summit auto remember to like subscribe and share on this video and all the videos that you see there In fact in a second you'll see link to subscribe to our YouTube channel on your left a link to more Half-ton truck videos like this one on your right if you have not been to our website on the bottom link to this vehicle on our website Click those check us out and we really look forward to helping with this super clean 2015 Chevy Silverado 1500 crew cab short box LT1 thanks again


And so our first speaker, Elena Martín Monje from the Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia from Spain is going to talk to us about an optional course in a master's program. Elena. Thank you. So good evening from Madrid. It's 7 p.m. here. And I'm just delighted to be taking part in this conference. And what I want to talk about today is how we have managed to introduce open language learning at my university as part of our master's program. So my university is the Distance Learning University in Spain. Just to give you an overview, our chancellor says that we are the biggest campus in Europe. Just because our methodology is blended learning, we blend onsite with online courses. So the way we are organized, we have what we call regional centers, which are like different faculties in our country. You can see that we have five different campuses. The teaching teams are based in Madrid. But then we have tutors all over Spain. And also, we have partner centers in 15 countries. For instance, in the US, we have a partner center in New York. So you can study at UNED from anywhere around the world. And of course, our strength is the virtual campus. So this course, Open Language Learning, is part of a master's program entitled Master Universitario de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en la enseñanza y el tratamiento de lenguas. So basically, it tries to introduce ICT into the teaching and processing of foreign languages. And we have many students that join us as part of their professional development. It is an optional subject, and it is highly practical. I have to mention that it's one of the four subjects that are offered entirely in English in the master's program precisely because we want to attract more international students. It was introduced back in 2016 as a response to our students' interest in open educational resources and open practices in foreign languages. It accounts for 125 hours of student work. So we have a credit system in Europe that is ECTS. So it's five credits for us. It's taking place right now, what we call our second semester, until June. And it consists of five units. Now, of course, I don't have the time to show you every single unit, but the next slides are just a taster so that you get the flavor of what it looks like. So the first unit is entitled Open Educational Resources for Foreign Languages. We look, it's an introduction into OERs, and that's just an extract. They are shown how they can engage with OERs differently, and they get familiar with different resources and scholarly articles, et cetera. The second one focuses on content creation on the web, on how they can filter the wealth of resources that they can find on the internet. And of course, we start by defining what content creation is. The third one focuses on personal learning environments, how they can pick and choose and find their learning path. And they are told about the characteristics, et cetera. Unit four focuses on massive open online courses, which happens to be my field of research as well. So I'm really passionate about unit four. And we look at MOOCs in general and language MOOCs in particular. Here you have, for instance, recommendations about how to create a language MOOC that is successful. And then the last unit is the most practical one. They are shown how to develop their own materials and resources for open language learning. So this is just an example. They get a checklist when they are creating the resources. They are shown different tools and given guidelines so that they can create their own OERs. So the assessment, because it's a master's subject, we don't do exams, they have to complete a final task that has two parts to it. The first part is creating their own open educational resource for foreign language teaching and learning and they have to share it. And they are given different options to share it online. It has to focus on core language skills and the purpose of the task is to contribute to these new language pedagogies that are appropriate for digital environments. And that's the first part of the final task. The second part is a written document that supports the language OER that they have created. So throughout the course, they are given different reading materials and they have to show that they have assimilated that content and they have to show their theoretical background, the underpinning upon which they have created the digital material. So students will have to draw from all those readings and throughout the semester. They are given different ideas because the first question they ask is, what can I do? What type of OER are you expecting me to create? So we give them ideas, we give them examples. They can go to really simple OERs and they are shown the different repositories. So they can create a resource for all your comments. Or if they are interested in creating a small online course, a massive online course, a Nanomook, they are given the guidelines to do that. Or this is the most popular option because most of them are already practicing teachers. They are given the opportunity to create a module for their own classes at the Arctic unit that they can implement in their teaching practice. So the next slide shows some examples from previous years. The one with the yellow picture was a Nanomook that a student created. The one at the bottom was a very simple but effective OER. And the one on the right was a whole module that someone created. He was a teacher of Spanish as a foreign language and he created it as part of his online materials. And to finish my presentation, I would like to give you a flavor of what it is like to follow distance learning methodology. We have to be facilitators and guide our students through their autonomous learning. And the student profile is very different to the face-to-face classes. We have adults, but not like 18 year olds, but people in their 30s, 40s, even 50s who are able to organize their study and they have limited time because of the professional commitments. And that's why they have willingly chosen our university. They have opted for this self-regulated learning. So as I have mentioned previously, the majority are practicing foreign language teachers and we have a majority of women in our cohort. So the virtual course has plenty of online learning enablers. These icons represent the notice board or the forums or the tasks, the study guide, et cetera. So we start the course with hopefully a motivating introduction to the subject. We have at my university our own TV channel, Canal UNED, and we have even a studio to record our programs. And that's the beginning of the course. We have a glossary section where they can check the different terms that they may find difficult. And they are given lots of examples throughout the course so that we get some scaffolding of the theoretical content. And of course, they are referred all the time to the Corel website because you have plenty of materials there. We have interaction enhancers. For instance, this one is a slideshow that they have to go and watch about the benefits and challenges of using OERs. And then there's a little activity in which they have to reflect on what are the pros and cons of using OERs. There are plenty of images, tables, diagrams. I mean, everything that makes it easier to follow the online course. And also the format and the graphic design try to engage their attention. There's plenty of recommended bibliography that is marked with the green icon that you can see there. Learn more useful links and extra resources that they will use when they are drafting their final essay that supports the OER that they have to create in the final task. And of course, communication is essentially in an online environment. We have the notice board with different projects, initiatives and the online forums that we are constantly checking and monitoring. So this is just a brief case there, an introduction to our subject. I hope you found it useful. And I'm ready to answer any questions that you want to ask. Thank you. Great, thank you. It looks like you have five minutes left for questions. The first one is, how long is this course? How many weeks and how can we learn more? Yeah, it's 13 weeks of effective teaching. We call it a semester, but really the actual running of the course is 13 weeks. And from what I know, our semester doesn't really coincide with the one in the US because we had a partnership with the University of Hawaii. And that was problematic because of the time. So we wanted to exchange students. So it works really well with European universities. We have an agreement with the University of Ghent in Belgium and are open to more partnerships. But our second semester starts in February and ends at the end of May. So I think that's not exactly. It doesn't really coincide with your semesters in the US. If you want to learn more, you can email me. I'll be more than happy to help you and spread the word. Thank you. And yeah, also people are asking for the link. So I think there is a link to the course in the program. So I'm assuming that's the main. Yeah, I mean, if you are interested in the actual course content that I can email it to you because it's inside our LMS. So it's not freely available as such, but I have a Creative Commons license. So it was me that created the material. So I'm more than happy to share that with anyone that is interested in the course content. What exactly is a MOOC?  And right, you know about MOOCs, these massive open online courses. So a nano MOOC is a condensed version of it. So ideally, you can do a MOOC in a day or a couple of days. MOOC normally takes three weeks or so to complete. So it wouldn't be realistic to ask our master's students to create a whole MOOC. So we tell them, okay, if you are interested in that format, how about you create content and activities for a couple of days, basically. So that's a nano MOOC. And so those that are into, you know, non-formal education and exploring other formats, they do that. The one that I showed on the slide, she was a last year student, she did a phenomenal work with that. She really was into it. So yeah, the students surprised you. I'm really pleased because it's one of these things that it was in my head that people were asking me about OERs, open practice and say, well, let's offer a course. And you think that maybe no one is gonna sign up, but the people get more and more interested. And yeah, we're slowly spreading the word in Spain. An example of the content, it's always a foreign language. So it can be from professional. This one, the person that created the nano MOOC, it was English for tourism. So English, you know that in Spain, we get lots of tourists. So it was just basic hotel vocabulary and stuff like that. Thank you so much, Elena. That was really very interesting. And so yeah, I wanna invite you to come again next year and keep telling us about UNED. It's a, I didn't know about it, now I do. So thanks so much. Okay, my pleasure. You'll hear more from me.


And this is your Marijuana Money Minute. Green Market Report is hosting its first psychedelic investing conference on January 24th in New York City. Head over to www.greenmarketsummits.com to buy your tickets now. Markets were closed on Wednesday for the New Year holiday, but the dispensaries in Illinois were open. Illinois became the 11th state to legalize the sale of adult-use marijuana. GTI had four stores open for sales, while Cresco Labs had five stores open for business. Cresco said that it served 3,145 people on New Year's Day and sold 9,258 cannabis products with an average ticket price of $135. Harvest Health acquired M. Hardin's Cheyenne property in Nevada and a deal valued at $35 million. Terrison increased its private placement to $30 million from a previously planned $24 million. 1933 Industries reported first quarter revenues of $3.9 million. That was down 26% from its previous quarter, and they blamed that to the decline in market share for vape and distillate sales in the recreational market in Nevada. C21 Investments delivered third quarter revenue of $10.58 million. That was a sequential increase of 7.5% over the second quarter and a big jump over last year's $305,000 for the same time period. The net loss for C21 was $5.1 million for the third quarter. And that's it for this week. Everyone, have a happy New Year.


In order to illustrate an apparent polar wander path, let's say we've got the earth here And its poles are set up just the way they are today so The magnetic field lines are going like that and let's say we've got a continent sitting here And it looks like this We'll color it in And so we'll say there's a volcano on this continent and it's a composite volcano So a composite volcano spews out lava and it gradually it gradually builds up The mountain side with these lava flows like this So here's the lava flows coming down the side and let's say we're a geologist And we're gonna go to this volcano And we're gonna take some samples of These lava flows so we'll zoom in on these samples here and the uppermost Sample the most recent lava flow. We'll call that this green one here and Then let's say underneath that green one. There's a more orange yellow Lot of flow and then under that There's this oldest one here Now we have a magnetometer and we can try to figure out which way all these lava flows thought north was when they were formed And they cooled so let's say the red one points sort of in this direction and The yellowish one is maybe pointing like this and the green one is recognizing the field of today So it's just pointing north like that Now there's two possible explanations for how this could have occurred And so we'll draw those right here All right Explanation one is that the poles moved around and the continent stayed in the same place So in that case we've got a continent sitting here and When the most recent lava formed this green stuff The pole was right up here where it is today But back when this thing was emitting the yellow lava The pole was in a slightly different place the pole might have been more like over here and The oldest lot of flow is recording a pole. That's more like in that direction So in this case we have what we can call an apparent polar wander path and over time From back then to the present the pole kind of moved in that direction Now the other possibilities of the continent moved, but the pole stayed in the same place so in that case The green continent of today Would be here All right, and so When this lava froze It was pointing north toward the north pole Back when this yellow lava formed If the pole was in the same place then the continent would have to maybe be over here somewhere like this Right because it's lava froze Pointing north but then over time when this continent moved to its present position This lava still frozen in place is now pointing in a different direction over here That isn't where north is anymore Right if we go back even farther and time toward the red lava Then the continent must have been sitting at a position sort of like this So when it's lava formed it was pointing north right Then as the continent went through this motion this lava was still frozen in place So the directions pointing isn't in the same place that the north is now And so we can construct a path an apparent wander path if you will of the continents And we can see that the continent Must have gone sort of like this see how this is now in the opposite direction To the one we constructed before


In this video, let's talk about the difference between the verbs take and bring, two of the most common verbs in the English language. Of course, I'm Jennifer from jforisenglish.com and this channel is dedicated to helping you sound like a fluent, confident, natural English speaker. Now before we go any further, make sure you subscribe and hit that bell icon so you're notified every time I post a new lesson. Now let's dive in with this video. Okay, you're going to learn the difference between the verbs take and bring. Now, of course, both of these are verbs, so you need to think about verb conjugation and they're used to talk about movement, movement of both people or things. So let's look at two example sentences. I could say, bring your passport with you or I could say, take your passport with you. Now, what's the difference between these two sentences? The thing you need to remember is that bring is used to talk about movement towards and take is used to talk about movement away. Now, how do you know if it's movement towards or movement away? It simply depends on your reference point.  So you can think about where your passport is going, is going towards the airport. Our only reference point for location is the airport. Now, I could say, take your passport with you when you leave the house. So in this case, our reference point is the house. And the passport is going away from the house.  But remember in my original examples, I didn't include either reference point and it's common that we don't because it's obvious based on context.   So a lot of times it's just there based on context and it's not explicitly stated. Now in many cases, take and bring can be used interchangeably without a difference in meaning or without a miscommunication. So let's imagine that this is a report and I'm talking to a colleague. If I said take the report with you or bring the report with you, it doesn't really matter because ultimately the report is moving and that's the only thing that matters. But let's think of another example where there is a specific time you need to use one or the other. Let's imagine that you're in a restaurant and you don't have a menu, okay? So you call the server and you say, excuse me, can you bring me a menu? Can you bring me a menu? That's the only available choice because of course, the menu is moving towards you. Can you bring me a menu? So the server brings you a menu, you order your meal. Now 20 minutes later, you're finished, the server comes to your table, she looks at your dishes that are now empty and she says, can I take those? And in this case, take is the only available choice because the dishes are going to move away from the table. So just remember that there are times when only one option is available and it simply depends on the direction of the movement. If it's towards, we use bring and if it's away, we use take. So that's all you need to know to feel confident using the verbs bring and take. So now it's your turn to practice. Leave two examples in the comments below. Remember, these are verbs so you need to conjugate them with your subject and your verb tense. And one example using take and one example using bring, leave them in the comments below. If you found this video helpful, please hit the like button, share it with your friends and of course subscribe. Now before you go, make sure you head on over to my website, jforistenglish.com and download your free speaking guide. In this guide, I share six tips on how to speak English fluently and confidently. And until next time, happy studying. All right, now you know the difference between take and bring. Make sure you leave your examples in the comments below. You have to practice these to feel confident using them. And I'll see you in my next video. Bye.