This is the story of the Pacific and the millions of people who live around this greatest sea. The drama of the people whose destiny is at stake in the Pacific War. This is the background to the war in the Pacific and its meaning to us and to the generations to come. Tonight's Pacific story comes to you as another public service with drama the past and present and an official statement of the U.S. State Department in reference to the complex Korean question. The paradox of Korea. The Korean provisional government has been seeking the recognition of the United States. When the provisional government of Korea was democratically organized by representatives of the people in Korea, it was given a clear mandate to carry on until Korea becomes free, at which time it will be replaced by a permanent government of the people. So say the Korean, but the U.S. government has been unbending. The Korean provisional government does not have the qualifications for recognition by the United States as a governing authority. But against this, some Americans have taken strong positions on behalf of Korea. America sold Korea down the river. With the restoration of Korea's independence, one of the greatest crimes of the 20th century will have been rectified. In 1882, the United States entered into a treaty with Korea. If other powers deal unjustly or oppressively with either government, Korea, or the United States, the other will exert their good offices on being informed to bring about an amicable arrangement, thus showing their friendly feelings. America and Korea drew closer together. Well, guess we're on our way. Yes, going to be a great experience. Lots of possibilities in Korea. What are you going to do in Korea? Build a railroad for one thing and maybe a streetcar system. Very good. Very good. I'm going to put in an electric power plant and some waterworks. Several other Americans aboard are bound for Korea, too. That's so. Yes. One going over to develop some mines. Another to do some work on agriculture. Yes, we can make Korea a modern nation. That's my thinking. No reason why not. Korea made great strides in progress, but watching every development was Japan. If we have to gain a foothold on the mainland of Asia, it must be in Korea. In 1894 and 95, the Japanese defeated the Chinese. Ten years later, they defeated the Russians. Korea became a pawn in the settlement of the Russo-Japanese War. What? I can't believe it. It's outrageous. Teddy Roosevelt has turned Korea over to the Japanese. That's exactly what's happened. The Japanese at the Portsmouth Conference demanded that Korea be made a protector of Japan. How could Teddy Roosevelt turn over to Korea? My people back in the States tell me he did it to appease the Japanese. To satisfy the Japanese militarists. This will never satisfy them. You know what this means? Of course I know what it means. It means that American business is through in Korea. Yes, and it means from now on we can expect trouble with Japan. This is just the first step. The Korean mission went to the United States. What of our mutual assistance treaty of 1882? Surely America will not repudiate its agreement to help us. The United States became the first nation to withdraw its minister from Korea. The treaty of 1882 was forgotten. The Japanese moved in and occupied Korea. We shall be frank about it. We are carrying on things with a high hand in Korea. So said the Japanese. We have gone into the backyard of our neighbor and are telling him to move on simply because we need his home. We are doing just as the Americans have done with the Indians, just as the Britons have done with the Hindus, just as the Russians have done with the Tatas, just as France has done in Indochina. Japan has joined the house of a great of powers. The Koreans appealed to the United States to all the world, but were ignored as the Ethiopians 30 years later were ignored. In righteous rage, they rose against their oppressors. You will submit or I will whip you with scorpions. The Japanese dropped all pretence of regarding Korea as a protectorate. In 1910, they made Korea a province of Japan, a province, but with no rights of citizenship, no rights to hold public meetings, and with torture and death to all who dared resist. The Koreans seized under the Japanese tyranny. Nine years later in 1919, they were ready to take definite steps. Two million Koreans in every part of the land gathered all at the same hour and in the face of the Japanese terror. We herewith proclaim the independence of Korea and the liberty of the Korean people. With right on our side, we awaken to a new life. May all the ancestors to the thousands and ten thousand generations aid us from within and all the force of the world aid us from without. In this hope, we go forward. May Korea live ten thousand years. May the world live Korea, independent Korea. Trust the demonstrations with terrorism such as the world has rarely seen before or seen. Set fire to that church and to every one of those houses. That will teach those rebels unless they will never forget. As the Nazis were to do more than twenty years later at Ligete, the Japanese destroyed entire town, massacred the population, burned houses, schools and churches. Yes, all thirty-three of us who formulated and signed the Korean Declaration of Independence did so with full knowledge of the consequences. What happens to us is of little importance. But with this deed, we have served notice upon Japan and upon all the world that we will never see struggling until Korea has regained its independence. Fire! All thirty-three signers of the Declaration of Independence were killed. But the Korean will to be independent still lived. In Shanghai, representative leaders of each of the thirteen Korean provinces met and formed the provisional government of Korea. That same year, 1919, the new government sought to present Korea's case to the peace conference at Paris. We regret that this will not be possible. Why not? The Korean provisional government has not yet been recognized. The provisional government was formed by established leaders of all thirteen of the provinces of Korea, by the representatives of the people of Korea. It must be remembered that Japan was one of our allies against Germany. But Japan's only contribution to the Allied war effort was to take from Germany the Shantung territory in China and the German islands in the Pacific. Besides, Japan illegally annexed Korea and now occupies it in violation of President Wilson's principle of the right of self-determination of people. But instead of considering Korea's rights, Japan was appeased, left in complete control of Korea, and in addition was given a mandate over the marshals in which she fortified in a waytuck in Kwajalein, in which she fortified crook, and the Marianas in which she fortified Saipan. We will not give up. Three years later, during the disarmament conference in Washington, D.C., the Korean provisional government tried again. The provisional government of Korea requests the honor of an interview for the purpose of reviewing the case of Korea with the... Unfortunately, it is not possible to consider at this time the case of Korea. It is regretted that no... A Korean commission to represent the Korean provisional government was established in Washington. The purpose? To work for recognition of the provisional government. May I bring to your attention certain facts? It is regretted that it will not be possible. Meantime, Japan had invaded an occupied Manchuria, had attacked China at the Marco Polo Bridge, and had driven the Chinese from the coast deep into the interior. The Korean provisional government moved a Chung king with the Chinese nationalist government. And when the appeased Japanese at last attacked the United States at Pearl Harbor, the Koreans immediately pledged the full cooperation of the Korean people against Japan. This is the time to recognize our provisional government. The main supply lines of the Japanese are through Korea. With Korea's 27 million people, it would be possible to organize a strong underground to harass these lines. The question of Korean independence cannot be considered at this time. It might be offensive to the Japanese. Offensive? After what the Japanese did to the United States at Pearl Harbor, the United States is at war with Japan. Today, the people of Korea are still without an official voice. The provisional government has not been recognized. And its request to be a signatory to the declaration of the United Nations has been denied. The history of the last 50 years proves that no lasting peace in the Far East is possible so long as Korea is used as a pawn by rival powers. The Koreans point to their strategic location. Look here at this map. Our neighbors are Russia, up here in the north. China, here on the west. And Japan, over here across the Straits of Tsuchim. The Japanese have proved the value of Korea to them. They have used it as a springboard for attack on the mainland of Asia. The Japanese in Korea would always be a threat to Russia and to China. Also, with the Russians in Korea, they would be dangerous to Japan and to China. And in the same way, the Chinese in Korea would be dangerous to Russia and Japan. Therefore, Korea should not be a pawn in international power politics, but should be independent. Korea should be a Korean nation. As for China, the Chinese have long been sympathetic to Korea's fight for independence. For more than a thousand years, the Yalu and the Tumen rivers have been the frontier between China and Korea. We have no interest in Korean territory. For years, the Korean provisional government has been in free China. We wish only friendly relations with Korea. And as for Russia? Korea should be an independent state. Free to enter into any treaty relations with the Soviet Union they decide upon. But of late, the provisional government has become concerned about another factor. It is possible that a small group of Korean communists outside of Korea may form a Soviet Republic of Korea. American observers have inquired into this possibility. How much chance is there of this? It is actually coming into formation, like the Lublin group in Poland. Then the Korean people could be split into two camps. Yes, the nationalists whom the provisional government represents and the communists. And it could lead to civil war in Korea. You said that the communist group is actually coming into formation. Where? We have information that the Korean national liberation government has been in existence for some time in Yanan, in communist China. If this group should come into the open before the provisional government is recognized, then all democracies will be placed at a disadvantage. Soviet Russia wishes Korea to be an independent state. But it would probably prefer a Soviet Republic in Korea rather than a democracy. It must be remembered that there are some 200,000 Koreans in Soviet Asia. These Koreans are now living under the Soviet system. This is the view of the Korean provisional government as to Russia. But it is not only as to Russia that the government has misgiving. Yes, the Cairo conference promised Korea freedom in due course. But what of the meantime? Korea is not ready to step in and govern herself the minute the Japanese have been driven out. Is this to mean that because the Korean government has not been recognized for 25 years, that we are to continue to have no official voice in our own affairs? Koreans will govern themselves after they have had the opportunity to elect their own government. If they were elected to represent the people until such time as a permanent government could be elected, plans not only such a general election, but also a constituent assembly to prepare a constitution for the permanent government. But meantime, after the Japanese have been driven out, there must be some sort of pro tem government. To give any power a mandate of a Korea, even a temporary one would create a whole new set of problems in the Far East. Which power would it be? Russia? Would that be acceptable to China and to the United States? And if it were the United States, would that be acceptable to Russia and China and possibly to some of the other Pacific powers? And how much better than a mandate under one power can be a trustee ship under several powers? We ask you. No. In the interest of the best settlement for all concerned, the answer is recognition of the provisional government now. But in the Korean view, there is still a more immediate reason for the recognition of the provisional government. For years, we have had a strong underground movement in Korea. But although our gorillas and saboteurs are operating against the Japanese, there is no liaison between our underground and the Halide High Command. And as General Eisenhower said in Europe, it is useless and suicidal for an underground force to become active except in close coordination with the plans of an army and but invasion. Let's point to the Japanese military installations in Korea. All Korea is covered with a network of powerful defense works. Our underground knows the location and the strength of everyone. They point to their resources, which the Japanese are using against the United States and Britain. There was an integrated plan with the Allied High Command. A plan for the training of Korean troops and gorillas and saboteurs. We could then prevent the Japanese from using so much of our resources against the Allies. Korea has many valuable resources. Ask this Korean mining engineer what they are mining here. Gold. Korea produces as much gold as California or Alaska or the Philippines. Japan knew about this gold long before they took Korea. We also mine about one-third of the world's supply of graphite. And we mine coal and iron and tungsten and copper. All these are strategic minerals for Japan's war effort. Mining is an important industry in Korea, and so is fishing. Our fisheries catch as much fish every year as the fisheries of the United States. That's a lot of fish. We are second or third in fisheries in the entire world. Korea produces not only enough food for itself, fish, rice, soybeans, grains, but enough to help feed the millions of Japanese men. Those ships are all carrying Korean supplies to Japan. Every kind of food we produce except fruit is exported to Japan. Also, of course, Japan takes our minerals and our chemicals. So you can see the products of Korea are helping the Japanese fight the war. We are just 120 miles from Japan, so the Japanese have little trouble keeping supplies. Against this, the Netherlands Indies, which also supply Japan, are nearly 3,000 miles away. And the thundering waters of Korea's rivers produce one of the most vital of all weapons of war. Electricity. Our hydroelectric plants are now generating about 3,500,000 kilowatts. This power is used in the making of Japanese munitions and in the operation of other Japanese war industries. Since Japan has been bombed so furiously from the air, the Japanese are moving more war factories here to Korea and to Manchuria. The resources of Korea are being exploited night and day, and Korea is no small country, larger than Austria, Denmark, Belgium, and Switzerland combined. The Japanese have long had control of these resources. Ask this American businessman. My company was in Korea before the Japanese, but the Japanese made operating so tough that finally we had to clear out. By the time of Pearl Harbor, not one American company was left in Korea. The Japanese sold up the Korean business completely. But not all Korean businesses are in the hands of the Japanese. Some is in the hands of Koreans, who might be said to be collaborating with the Japanese. These Koreans present a major problem in the future of Korea. Our information is that there are about 100,000 landlords in Korea, possibly half of them absentee landlord. This is the view of an expert observer. These landlords, most of them, have made deals with the Japanese. In return, the Japanese have permitted them to exploit the lower classes of the Koreans. Most of what is not owned and controlled by the Japanese is controlled by these landlords. Conditions in their enterprises are worse than in the Japanese enterprises. Under them, the lower classes have sunk lower and lower, while the landlords have built fortunes. Now the question is, what part will these landlords play in the new Korea? After the Japanese have been driven out, will these landlords, by far the most powerful group, seize control of the business of Korea? Certainly these landlords cannot be permitted to take over the Japanese industries in Korea. They're about the only Koreans who'll have the money. But the Korean people would be as bad off under them as they are now. Yes, possibly worse. They'd control all of the industry. And to give the Korean people a break, who can take over the Korean industries? Koreans can better solve the problems of Korea than anyone else. This is the view of the provisional government. There is no single answer to the problems that confront us. It may be necessary to nationalize Korean industry, to arrange with experience operators to run them. This may also be necessary in China, where much industry is under state control. We have had long experience with cooperatives. The Koreans see the separation of government and industry as a move toward democracy. With this arrangement, not too much power would be vested in the government, and this would be in the interest of developing a democracy. But is Korea ready for democratic government? No one questioned the ability of the Poles to govern themselves in 1919, and yet Poland had been under the rule of other nations for 125 years before that. But as much as anything else, the future of Korea must depend on its relations with other nations. At the close of the war, China will have one kind of government. Soviet Russia, another. Japan, still another. All three of these nations will be interested in Korea's future. Britain will also be interested in America. Korea's hope is not to try to pattern her government specifically on any one of these, but in a way which will enable her to realize her greatest good. Therefore, in the light of the interest of all these nations, Korea will become a test of international help and international good faith. In my opinion, Korea, like the Philippines, will need a long period of preparation for statehood. She'll need foreign advisors, foreign loans, foreign teachers, technicians and experts of all kinds. And she'll have to learn the mechanics of self-government. You overlook that Koreans have had village self-government for centuries. And the provisional government is officially supported by every Korean party. As changing conditions have required changes in the government, we have had successive reorganizations. And today, the provisional government is a coalition of the leading Korean parties. In addition to this, it is supported by the largest organization of Koreans in the United States. This is the position of the Korean provisional government. And to this, they add a sobering thought. The peace in Asia depends upon the solution of the Korean question. Korea can become a stronghold of justice and democracy in the Far East. Or can become a festering focal point of future strife. Today, after 26 years, the Korean provisional government is still not recognized by the United States. Most recent pronouncement on the question by the U.S. was made on June 8, 1945 by Acting Secretary of State Joseph C. Grew. This represents the official United States position as to the Korean provisional government. Here is the statement of Mr. Grew, read by Gain Whitman. In view of increased public interest in Korean affairs, I believe this is a proper occasion to review certain aspects of this government's policy with respect to Korea and the Koreans. There have been persistent rumors that an agreement concerning Korea was made at Yalta, committing this government to a policy contrary to the Cairo Declaration. These reports have already been denied by officers of the department and reply to inquiries received. Various Korean leaders in China as well as in the United States have recognized that these rumors are baseless. The Cairo Declaration of December 1, 1943 included the statement that the three signatory powers, China, the United States, and Great Britain, mindful of the enslavement of the people of Korea, are determined that in due course Korea shall become free and independent. There has been no change in this government's intention to fulfill its commitments under the Cairo Declaration. In as much as there has been considerable agitation on the part of various Koreans and their friends for recognition of the Korean provisional government of Cheung King, and for the seating of a Korean delegation at the San Francisco Conference, it seems pertinent to review certain basic considerations which have guided the Department of State in this connection. The United Nations which are represented at the United Nations Conference in International Organization all have legally constituted governing authorities, whereas the Korean provisional government and other Korean organizations do not possess at the present time the qualifications requisite for obtaining recognition by the United States as a governing authority. The Korean provisional government has never exercised administrative authority over any part of Korea, nor can it be regarded as representative of the Korean people of today. Due to geographical and other factors, its following even among exiled Koreans is inevitably limited. It is the policy of this government in dealing with groups such as the Korean provisional government to avoid taking action which might, when the victory of the United Nations is achieved, tend to compromise the right of the Korean people to choose the ultimate form and personnel of the government which they may wish to establish. It is principally for these basic reasons that the American government has not recognized the Korean provisional government. This policy is consistent with this government's attitude toward all people who are under or who have been liberated from Axis domination. The foregoing review of the department's position with respect to the Korean provisional government carries of course no implication whatsoever of any lack of sympathy for the people of Korea and for their aspirations for freedom. The offices of the department have spent a great deal of time in studying the problems relating to Korea and have talked at length with various individuals interested in the welfare of Korea and the Koreans and have endeavored to explain this government's responsibility in such matters and to give a clear indication of the lines along which this responsibility is being fulfilled. It is a matter of record that many Koreans are serving unselfishly and devotedly in the forces of the United Nations. As the war against Japan progresses, the Korean people may be placed in a position to play an increasingly important role in the defeat of Japan and in the liberation of their homeland. In view of the long and close friendship between the American and Korean peoples, it is with considerable satisfaction that this government looks forward to the time when Korea can take its place among the free and independent nations of the world. You have been listening to the Paradox of Korea, a documentary drama with an official statement of the United States Department of State. The Pacific story is presented by the National Broadcasting Company and its affiliated independent stations as a public service to clarify events in the Pacific and to make understandable the cross currents of life in the Pacific Basin. For a reprint of this program, send 10 cents in stamps or coin to University of California Press Berkeley, California. To repeat, for a reprint of this Pacific story program, send 10 cents in stamps or coin to University of California Press Berkeley, California. It was written and directed by Arnold Marquess. The original musical score was composed and conducted by Thomas Paluso, your narrator Lou Merrill. Programs in this series of particular interest to servicemen and women are broadcast overseas through the worldwide facilities of the Armed Forces Radio Service. This program came to you from Hollywood. This is the National Broadcasting Company.


Hi everyone, my name is Gilmar Esteves and my partner is Filipe Pires, now we make the presentation about the RSEC, Brazilian SAS capital world. I'm a VP of security engineering, but also as a innovation, but also I'm a technical holy history in my whole life. I'm not a bushess vice president and me and Filipe Pires are advocates of the open source project RSEC. Yes, thank you, Gilmar, so my name is Filipe Pires, I'm a security research at Sapor, Sapor is a company from Switzerland, it's a top company and I'm responsible for creating different attack modules for this specifically organization and I'm advocate not only RSEC but many different open source projects because I really believe that and I like that and RSEC is an awesome project, it started in Brazil by the way and we would like to present to you more about this project and would like to invite you to collaborate with us. Yes, actually we love the open source project because the open source help the community and help to improve the growth, the cyber security mindset in a small company. We know that a lot of small companies don't have a budget for cyber security and the open source, it's a way to improve and grow for your cyber security environment. About the RSEC, RSEC it's a source code analysis tool and now also know as a static application security testing tools and helping the source code or completely version to offer the code to help find the security flaws. The RSEC can be added into your IDE such tools and can help detect the issues during the software development such tools feedback can save time to effort especially we compare it to find vulnerability later in the development cycle. Normally we use the RSEC before the code production in the pipeline in the IDE. The string features or the string part about the source it scales well. It's possible to run a lot of PODs and make a lot of analysis in different language before the production. It's not a complete code, normally it's a raw code and it's possible to identify the buffers overflow, SQL injection and normally the ciphers, some hard codes of a password and login. Normally the output helps developers to understand the high lights, the problematic codes by filename, location, line number affect the code. Difficult to automate search for many types of security vulnerabilities. The SaaS code needs a lot of coders under the project to build new forms or a new code to identify the new vulnerabilities or a new form of vulnerabilities. For example, authentication problems or business problems is so hard to identify insecure use of cryptograph because we know but the team developed a different cryptograph model for example, noise control or noise framework is so difficult to understand the cryptograph and help the developer make better codes. Normally SaaS tools are limited. It's only static, not dynamic, not run time, but in the future I believe the Oros grow for a dynamic analysis way. Oros was born of a need to run a SaaS in more modern language, normally the big players in the market running in the established language and a new language is not possible to make the SaaS analysis three years ago when we started the Orosack project. We managed to create a product for the community and today support the open source solution and I'm a sponsor, official sponsor of the Orosack. Some features about the Orosack is very important, analyze simultaneous 18 languages with 20 different security tools to increase accrues, search for the historical get by secrets and other contents posted and clarify that. Your analysis can be fully configurable with a CLI, a web manager or pipeline and now Philippe make a presentation on life coding with us. Thank you Goma. Thank you. So let me share my screen here and one second please everyone. So I will share my screen here to explain in more technically. So what about this Orosack? So I think you can see my screen here. So here is the web page from Orosack.co, this is a website and basically I have here my GitHub, Philippe is 86. You have a specific repository here below called Orosack-demo. So I'm using this, basically this folder in this demonstration here. So you can find me here if you'd like to test yourself. So let's return here to the main page. So here you can see more information you have here the GitHub from Orosack and here the documentations and not only that but here you have the forum. So basically it's the place that you can find in the community and the Orosack team answer for your question, your doubts. And just click here in documentation and we can see here in another tab and I will share here how you can install, it's very simple like this. So I click here in CLI and after that installation and we have three ways or actually not three but four ways to install locally, manually, installing by Docker and using pipeline as you might mention right. So we don't have a time to explain all those details but I will try to explain here on a simple way using for example by curl using here in my virtual machine. So I have here a simple folders as I mentioned with you in the beginning. So specifically folder that I have here some codes vulnerable. So basically I will pass here this specifically line of code and I will using curl to call this binary and set here the batch to install the latest version. Okay, so I click here and enter here and after that you see the installation of the latest version and after that I will download the binary. I need to set here the password because I don't have a privilege to users. Important for the security stuff by the way. The last version as you can see here and we have installed the binary not only that but we moved to the specifically local binary place. Okay, so I can check here for a sec. Philip? Yeah. Let's clarify this part because we explain a local installation. Local installation is not remote, not web or Docker. We use the back and Linux common with a local installation. Yeah, you can use it here not exactly good. You can use it Mac or Linux. You can download using locally by Windows and you have here other version to use it manually. So not only in this way but you can see here other in other ways to install like a Docker image. So it's another possibility but if you can see here we can call Docker and you can install yourself in your Docker in your container environment actually. Okay, it's a different way. So I installed basically locally in my virtual machine because of that I download these different folders as you can see here to test. So I install here or sec and after that I can set some comments. So basically if I don't know how I can use in here I can set help to understand how whatever tools work. But basically you can see here some specifically for explanation. In the beginning one is exactly our sec and the flags that you can use and comments. So basically we haven't specifically comments to use like a completion, generate, help, start and version. So version is basically the version to generate to see specifically configurations. Completion is specifically scripted to see specifically configurations of the shell and they start to execute itself the or sec. So basically our sec start is the command to execute and after that you can use in different flags. So let me put in here dash eight or dash dash help. It's the same to see difference common. So just a simple command to explain like for example, dash H to help and other interesting command is dash O for example. Because if you are thinking about SonarQube for example it's another project to looking for a quality quality tools. But they haven't specifically configurations about security but our sec is created by the security team. In this case the achievement is for more a different program language and not only that but can use in both tools together because of that you can set here the dash O to set up this specifically output format to analyze and to send those information directly to the SonarQube it's very interesting to use. Not only that but you can set for example dash eight dash E for example if you do like to use in for a pipeline. Okay, so to see specifically if your code is vulnerable. So if you receive this specifically, return it to the code for example if the or sec finds some vulnerability. So you receive this code one and you need to set this dash eight, okay? So nice, so let me execute our sec itself here in my local machine. I could put in for example, dash P is a path if you'd like to set in a specifically repository on a specifically project but in this case I will run in this specific repository as you can see here. This is the path that I will execute our sec. So can I proceed and yes, and that's it, okay? Click enter and that's it. I will start scanning code. Another possibility to using our sec during this scan here, I will show you is to using on C a lot and on IDE or yes code has you mentioned it. So let me go to the root here. My folder on or and or I think it's demo, demo and our sec. Yeah, I will show here is code. I will open here my PS code to you and let's see here, okay? So another possibility is to using our sec has an extension like a plugin, okay? So basically you go to here in next station, right? And you can put in here our sec simple like this. And if you see we have here the specific station to using here. So basically you need to install and that's it you can use in here like as you can see here, okay? Our sec it's here in my PS code. And after that I have here the same projects, the same folders. Just click in here and you can click in and start scanning. The same action that you do that I'm doing actually in the CLI here, as you can see, and I have returned here in the result. I will use a good here on ID on this code, okay? So we're starting here or sec started to analyze our code. So if you see here or sec is working now, okay? So let me return here just to explain you about the semi-specifically results about our sec. So if you see here, many results about this vulnerable codes and different projects that I have here. So if you see here, for example, let me explain two simple things. Basically this one of those line of codes vulnerable. For example, the language is JavaScript, severity is high. Take a look at this very interesting line and column that you can find the code. So if you're a developer, so it's very interesting because now you know where is the place that you can find the vulnerability. And here is very interesting for my perspective, because you have the security tools working to identify that. So as you can see here is our sec engine. Not only that, but you can, if you want, you can create this specifically engine. If you have a specifically program language, you can create a request, you can working for this specifically or sec engine. For my perspective, it's very, very interesting. So here it's another interesting point about the confidence, so how it's based on those three or four pillars of the cybersecurity information. And here is the file, exactly file, that we can find the vulnerability. In this case, if you see here, this is the main project. Remember that? So Home Thor demo and then our sec demo. This is the main project. And here you can see many folders that the tools analyzing all those codes you have inside of your project. And here, as you can see, the type is vulnerability. And not only that, but if you are a developer, if you don't know how the security works, you have here the information about specifically CWE. And it means the common weakness enumeration. So a specific number of the vulnerability related to specifically this flow or this vulnerability. So you can click here, basically copy or open the link in the web page, and you can read more about that. So if you return it here in our IDE, you can see here, you can find the similar result, actually not similar, but the same. So if you see here, so JavaScript, it's another vulnerability using Orsac Engine. And if you see here, here is the line vulnerable in this code.  You can improve that. You can make this update of your code. Not only that, but if you see here, take a look other interesting thing. So if you see here, it's the same case in a CLI, you can see here the GoSec. As you can see here, it's GoSec. So it's another engine. So because of that, it's a different framework. Exactly. Take a look at this. Not only Orsac Engine, but you have more than one engine inside of that. Because of that, it's so fantastic tools. Because you have many engines inside of the same platform, and you can see this information. Because of that, it's pretty, pretty cool. Nice. So basically, is this, yes, go, go, go. Please. In the beginning, we developed Orsac for a security tool. But during the journey, we discovered it's more important. And the other guys developed a lot of Engine. It's very important. And so beautiful Engines. And we create a composable software to plug and play a lot of Engines. And for example, GoSec, or the SonarQube, and another one. For example, now we develop anything about the cloud custodian for the cloud. Cloud is not branch, but cloud surface, detect and response the cloud surface. But it's more important that the Ors now, it's a manager of a lot of Engines, a lot of forms to identify in your, it was during your environment about the security flags. Exactly. Exactly. Good point, Camar, because that's the point. Because we have a different program language. And so we need to improve that. So you can help us to improve that about this specifically to create more engines from Orsac. And the last, but not important, not less important. So as you can see here, we have a possibility to work in a CI-CD pipeline. So if you work, for example, using GitHub Actions, for example. So if you see here, basically, let me share with you here. So you can specifically, you could set, for example, the security pipeline name using, you know, as a company specifically job and to run. Basically, they'll run automatically that you will set is the same command that I use in CLI, if you remember, calling the curl. And after that, executing Orsac, dash p is a path. Remember that about your project, okay? And after that, dash h, remember when I explain about this specifically flag. So you put here, in this case, true.  So not only GitHub Actions, but you can use it, for example, AWS code build, circle CI, Jenkins, and Azure DevOps pipeline. And the web application has, you might explain in the beginning. So it's very interesting to manage it. For example, difference vulnerabilities and difference for different teams, for example. You have different teams, squads, streams, depending on the name you're, no matter the name that you use. But you can see, for example, for each developer, what kind of program language is more vulnerable, which projects more vulnerable, and you can manage it, for example. So you can set this in a different way. You can see here, for example, for total developers, repositories, and all vulnerabilities, program language, as I mentioned, it's very, very nice for managing vulnerabilities. In my opinion, the web is a perfect tool for the CTOs and CISOs, because we have a lot of information, and after this information, it's possible to start a better threat modeling and understand you need to make some training with your devs, or need change the language, change the version because it's possible we use the version and the version is compromised. It's very important to analyze the numbers, understand your case, and take the decision, the better decision. It's a tool for help, your team. Exactly, exactly, I completely agree. And the some consulting services that I've been working for the last years, and I'm using this specifically feature for managing all those things, to specifically to make up training to the developers. It's very useful, very, very useful. So basically, I think it's this. So again, so we have here at the GitHub, so if you want to go to GitHub, sets your pull requests, so we work a lot in this project, and for my side, that's it. So if you have any questions, you're mine and the people we are here to answer you. Thank you guys. Thank you for your time. Thank you for the presentation. Thank you, Philip, for the help and see you the next presentation. Bye-bye guys. See you, bye-bye.


Hi everyone, thank you for coming to a talk, and I'm Nehui Cha from Quicks at the University of Maryland. Today I'm going to talk about classical verification of quantum computations with efficient verify. And this is a joint work with Kaiming Drone from academic cynica and Takashi Yamakawa from NTT Secular Platform Laboratories. In the near future, we believe that quantum computers are very likely to be unportable. We won't have a quantum iPhone, laptop, or PC soon. And this is because for quantum computers, we need a very large space to keep it. And we also need to have a very stable environment to make sure that the qubits are uncoherent. So we cannot have it to be with us everywhere. Now, the question is that, suppose I have a local device which has no quantum power, then how do we do a quantum task by using our local device? For example, if I am given a quantum circuit C in a classical way, like you have the classical description of how to arrange the gates and input x, how do you compute the C of x from your local device? And the answer is very easy. You just ask quantum computers for help. Like IBM have a quantum cloud platform, and you can design your circuit C and then your input x, and then you send your C and x to the platform. And then the IBM quantum computer answers for you, like the answer could be Z equal to C of x. So this seems very good, and we don't need a quantum resource in our iPhone or laptop. However, how can you verify that the answer Z is equal to C of x? For example, if the server is not on the server, it's some cheating server, it just gives you some arbitrary answers to your question. How can you verify that the answer you get is correct, not the arbitrary wrong answer? So this is a big question, and people try to address this question. So the question, I'd refer to the question again, can the client verify that Z equal to C of x? And to answer this question, we also want it to satisfy three requirements. First, we want the verify has no quantum power, because as I said, in the near term, our local device cannot have quantum power. And second, we also want the prover to be efficient. It means that it doesn't need to spend much more time than computing C of x. Also, we want the verify to be efficient. So then the first approach is that suppose I just want to compute some circuit C, which is in BQP, then because BQP is in P space equal to IP interactive proof. So there is an IP protocol to help you verify the answer of C of x. Okay? This sounds good. But now that in the IP protocol, the prover in the IP protocol is an all-powerful prover. So the prover in this protocol may not be efficient. So this doesn't satisfy the second requirement we want, that we want the prover to be efficient. But in the IP protocol, the prover may not. So there are many researchers trying to answer this question. The first attempt in this kind of research, a hard one of at all, they show that if your local device has certain quantum resources, which may not be an all-powerful quantum computer, but it just be some ability to generate quantum states or operate in some quantum gates, then you can verify the answers with a efficient verify. And another research is considered the mutiprover case. This is by Rekha Edo and a bunch of following works. They show that if you can have two provers and this two provers shares on EPR pairs and they cannot communicate with each other, then yes, you can have an interactive proof with these two provers. Okay. Oh, but I want to mention that, however, all of these approaches either need some quantum resources in the local device or you need more than one prover and these provers cannot be cannot shared by communication. And in 2018 by Mahathirah seminar work about the BQC protocol, she showed that there is a full message in the BQC protocol for decision problem. It means that we just try to prove access in a BQP language or not based on quantum LW assumption. So quantum LW assumption simply means that the learning with error problem is hard for quantum computation. And she showed that the sonnet error of her protocol is just one half plus and diggable and the company's error is just not diggable. And the wrong time of verify and the prover is only polynomial in T for T, the time for computing language F. Okay. So this looks very good because the verify doesn't need quantum power check and the prover is efficient. It only runs in time polynomial in T. However, the verify here is not that efficient because the verify need to run in time polynomial in T and like in the classical safety when we do the delegation, we always want the verify only running in time for the logarithmic in T. It means that, okay, the verify itself doesn't need to do much computation. We just need to like do very, very small computation to compute what he wants. So in this world, we try to show that a CBQC protocol with an efficient verify. And to achieve this, we prove that first, the perturbation of my hat depth protocol was not diggable under this arrow. And then we show that there's a two wrong CBQC protocol in the quantum oracle model obtained by Fiat-Shammier transform to a perturbation version of the my hat depth protocol. And here the quantum Fiat-Shammier transform is by Bill and Jim and Donald in 2019. And finally, we have a two wrong CBQC protocol with polylog and verify in the common reverence stream model. So let's do it again. We start from the four mesh protocol with constant sonnets, and this is my hat depth protocol. And then we do a parallel repetition, which gives us a four message protocol with negligible sonnets. And then we do a quantum Fiat-Shammier transform, which gives us a two mesh protocol with negligible sonnets. And finally, we consider a common reference stream model and get a protocol with negligible sonnets and polylog and verify. And because of a time constraint, we cannot go to all the details. So in this talk, I will focus on the first part, which is a parallel repetition of my hat depth protocol with negligible sonnets. Okay. And this has been independently proved by allergic Edo in 2020 with a different proof. And their work has also been accepted by TCC 2020. So if you are interested in their work, you can go to check their video. They do have some extensive results. They do have some results, is 10 different parallel repetition, which is different from our scope. Okay. So before we go to the technical details, we first briefly review my hat depth CBQC protocol. So in her protocol, the client first generate a secret key and public key, and then send a public key to the prover. Okay. Here is a public key. And then after receiving the public key, the prover generate a commitment Y in our internal state, psi. And then he sends Y to the verifier. And after receiving Y, the client generate a bit, which is C is 0 or 1. For 0, it means that you will do a test run protocol. So here we don't, we don't, I will not specify it's test run, but you just remember that for 0, it do some, do a challenge. And for 1, it do another challenge. Okay. And then after receiving the challenge, challenge bit, the prover just send back a message A. And then the client just decided to establish a check based on all the measures he got. Okay. And there is a lemma in precedence in my hat depth paper, which is that for any X in L, if a quantum polynomial time shooting prover passes the test run with probability 1 minus the ligable, let me say, then it passes a Hadamard run with probability 1 minus the ligable, assuming the quantum harness of W assumption. So this implies that we can actually divide the prover space into S0 and S1 for psi. Okay. It means that after, after a prover sending a second message, then we can divide the his internal subspace, internal space into two subspace, S0, S1, such that S0 is that, is all the state which establishes high probability in the test run. Okay. And by this, by this lemma, it implies that S will also be rejected with high probability in the Hadamard run. And therefore S1, S1 is all the states that rejects with high probability in the test run. Okay, then it seems that, okay, now you are given a state S in SB. S will be either rejected in Hadamard run or test run with high probability. Right. This, this is simply, this simply follow from the previous statement because here, if S is in S0, then it will be with high probability in Hadamard run. If S is in S1, it will be with high probability in the test run. Okay. Then by this lemma, we can have this decomposition. And then it is trivial that if we just choose C from 0, 1 uniformly randomly, then we establish probability one half plus negative N. Now we can try to parallel repetition, try to do parallel repetition of Mahadev's protocol by just dividing a prover space. So the theory we want is that, suppose we do an M for the repetition of Mahadev's CVQC protocol, then we can reduce the suddenness error to 2 to the minus M plus negative N. Okay. And this just, and the problem here is just that the parents first generated M difference, secret key and public key and send all the M public keys to the prover parallel. And then prover will send all the commitments in parallel and then the clients send all the changes in parallel there and so on. Okay. And we can still divide the space into S0, S1 for different iteration. Right. For example, for the iteration 1, we can divide in S0, 1 and S1, 1 for iteration 2, we divide in S0, 2 and S1, 2. And then we can also say, okay, for psi, which will be, if psi is in some SBI, then it will be either rejected in the test room or rejected in the Hadamard room. And now we just consider ideal case, which is a very simple case. It is that the prover stretch for IS iteration only depends on psi. Okay. So it only depends on its internal state psi and it doesn't depend on the message he got like the C1 to Cm. Okay. Oh, this is not, this ideal case of course is not real, but we just, for simplicity, we just consider it, consider this case. Okay. Then in this case, we actually, we can divide this psi into psi 1 to psi M plus psi M perp. How do we do that? For psi, we can actually, we can divide it into psi 1 perp and psi 1, which are corresponding to S, to state in S0, 1 and the state in S1, 1. Okay. And based on which, which challenge you are choosing this time. And then for S1, for psi 1 perp, you can divide, you can keep divided into psi 2 perp and the psi 2 using the S0, 2 and the S1, 2. You keep doing this and you can get psi M and the psi M perp. And so here, psi perp means that the state that passes challenges C1 to Ci. Okay. And for psi i, it means that the state that passes challenges C1 to Ci minus 1, but fails at Ci. Okay. And of course, it is, it is trivial that it's patty, that it's patty known of psi M perp is at most 2 to the minus M. Oh, here, psi M perp is, is a state that passes all the tests C1 to Ci. Okay. And then we are done. We come up with the parallel interpretation theorem in this ideal case. Right. We just use S0 and the S1 and keep dividing the state into different subspaces. However, the ideal case is not a real case because in a real case, p-strategy can depend on C minus i, which is S1 to CMS1 and the Ci plus 1 to Cm. And which fails the analysis. Right. Because here, when you want to compute the A1, when you want, when they prove you want to compute AI, it can depend on the previous and the, and the, it can depend on all the, all the messages you got in the third message. So our, our second idea is that, okay, if we cannot, if we cannot get rid of C minus i, then we'll just include that into our calculation. So we just do an average over all C minus i. How do we do that? We still, we still define SBI on the proof as the internal state, average over C minus i. So we, we define SDI to be Vspsc in test one with probability gamma. Here, gamma is just some one over polypropability. And the S1i is all the states that we regress in test one with probability smaller than, smaller or equal to gamma. And then for, for SDI, for staying SDI, we can actually amplify probability to one minus negligible by mp2 amplification. And this technique is by Merrill and Wartros in 2005, and by Nargaj Edel in 2009. Okay. And then because we, we have amplified the probability to one minus negligible, then by the, by my head of Slema, we have that Vspsc in test one with high probability implies Vj Hadamaran with high probability. So it implies that S c in S0i, it will be accepted in Hadamaran with negligible probability for OC. Okay. So yeah, then we got very good property for the first part. And for a second part, for S1i, for any fixed C minus i, the probability of acceptance is at the most two to the m minus one times gamma for OC. And you may think that this may not be good enough because gamma is one over poly, and the m it could be log n. So it just, it just, it may be just a one over poly probability. However, this is good enough for our analysis because we just want to show that for all one over poly probability, if we choose gamma to be small enough, then we can pass a test, the prover cannot pass a test with that one over poly probability. And this looks good. It seems that we are almost there, but there's one more thing we need to prove is that we actually need a projector of S0i and S1 to be efficient. How do we need this? It is because in the previous analysis, we kept using this Leymar, right? And this Leymar actually requires the prover to be quantum, to be a quantum polynomial and actually improve it. It means that all the states we consider in our analysis need to be efficiently generated to have this group property that we are saying test rows are probably impressed very generally in Hadamard row with high probability. Okay. So we need a state to be efficient, then we need a projector to be efficient. So how to implement S0i and S1i? Actually, we can observe that the same probability P corresponds to eigenvalue E i theta of certain efficient operator. Okay. And the idea is that, okay, we just do the fast estimation. We compute P by fast estimation and then we compare it with gamma and then we uncompute P. Then we can implement the projectors, right? We can approximately implement the projectors. And of course, as I mentioned, have some one-over-poly error, which may fail our analysis. So our final tweak is that we use a random threshold in gamma. So in this step, we pick lots of threshold like one, like T different thresholds, and then we pick gamma from there randomly. Then with that technique, we can, yeah, we can bypass the error. Okay. Now, this time for summary. So we give a CVQC protocol with an efficient verify which quantize probability in M. And this is by a parallel repetition of the Hadamard protocol with negligible certainness error. And we have a two-round CVQC protocol in the quantum random oracle model. And finally, we have a two-round CVQC protocol with a probability of verify in the common reference string and the quantum random oracle model. And then we achieve a efficient verify by using all of the sequentials. Okay. And there are some open questions. First, our CVQC protocol is based on lots of assumptions. In addition to LWE, we also need the quantum random oracle model and the common reference string model. So can we make the assumptions weaker? And second, actually by Tron et al. they have a protocol for verification for quantum sampling problem. And actually their protocol, I think, is not efficient. So can we make the protocol efficient? It's another interesting problem. Also, can we improve the efficiency of our protocol? Yeah. And thank you for listening.


Isn't it fascinating how all of us organisms somehow figured out a way to adjust to our surroundings? I mean look at this polar bear over here. It has fur and thick skin to keep it warm from all of the snow. Then the snake here can produce venom to defend itself. Then bears hibernate to escape harsh winters. Birds have hollow bones which help them in flying. Birds have genetic mutations to help them thrive in the mountains. Meanwhile there are some fish which have anti-freeze proteins to keep them from freezing in the Antarctic waters. And then we have some bacteria which straight up live in hot springs because that's their usual habitat. It's downright crazy to think about how we have evolved to fit into our environments. But did you notice something? All of these changes, these adaptations are not exactly of the same kind. I mean think about it. This polar bear has an adaptation where it has fur and thick skin. And then we have this another adaptation over here which talks about genetic mutations. I mean these are completely different things. But then if you look a little bit more closely there are some adaptations here which have some similarity like these hollow bones of birds and the fur and thick skin of the polar bears. They're not exactly the same but they're not as wildly different as the mutations. How if you ask, so think about it in this way, the fur and the thick skin of the polar bear is a part of its structure, it's a physical feature. In the same way the hollow bones are a part of the bird's skeletal structure. So these are both structures you can say. So keeping that in mind we can actually kind of group these two adaptations together and call them structural adaptations. Structural because it's talking about, it's related to the structure of the organism. It's a physical part of that organism. So these are structural adaptations. Now you'll find a bunch of these structural adaptations in the animals which live in snowy regions like the poles. So let's have an example too right over here. This is an arctic hare. Let's look at it a little bit closely. So this is an arctic hare and this animals like these, like this arctic hare right over here, they have shorter, thicker body parts. Like if you look at their limbs they're pretty short right, they're short and thick. Why? Because they have a much less surface area compared to their volume and this kind of reduces the heat loss. So it keeps them warm. This theory where it talks about that having a smaller surface area to volume ratio preserves heat. This is an actual theory and we call this theory Alan's rule. There's actually a name for it. So Alan's rule talks about how having a smaller surface area to volume ratio can reduce heat loss. Actually you have to write it down. It'll be that the surface area to volume ratio if this ratio is less that means heat loss will also be less. This is what Alan's rule is and this is what these animals they follow as well. So that's how they have all of these structural adaptations which help them to retain body heat. Now structural adaptations aren't just limited to animals only. You will find structural adaptations in plants as well and a very famous plant is the cactus which is not in the right place. So let's move this a little bit. Okay there we have it. So this cactus right over here has many structural adaptations. Again let's take a closer look. Now cacti or cactus they have spines right. Now these spines they are modified leaves and they are modified in a way to reduce transpiration because these cacti they flourish in the deserts right the scorching heat of the deserts and they cannot afford to lose a lot of water. So these spines they kind of reduce water loss through transpiration and that's not all. Thick succulent stems that you see these are modified to store water and photosynthesize as well. In fact the way cactus or cacti photosynthesize that way is also different from how normal plants photosynthesize. So it's aimed at saving water that photosynthetic process you find in cactus is also aimed at saving water. So they have multiple structural adaptations to make sure that water loss is minimal given the kind of habitat they live in. Alright so we have two of these adaptations out of the way. We have decided we have organized them and we now know that these two are structural adaptations. Now let's take a look at the other adaptations that we have on the screen over here. When we start talking about these other adaptations that we have on the screen do you think you can add one of these under structural adaptations like you can call any of these adaptations as a structural adaptation? You can pause your screen here and actually think it through. Well I couldn't find any of these adaptations that I could place under structural adaptation because none of these kind of directly relate they are not related to the structure. So maybe what we can do now is that we can find similarities between these adaptations between each of these adaptations. So let's take a closer look again. So let's start off with our bear which is hibernating over here. So a bear hibernating is something that a bear has to do right. I mean it's kind of like an activity. It's going to hibernate in response to the harsh climate, the harsh cold climate. So it's slightly different from an adaptation, a change directly in the structure. So we can't place that under structural adaptations. But these other adaptations, the snake venom being produced or the antifreeze proteins, even the mutations and the bacteria that can thrive in the hot springs, all of these things, all of these adaptations, they are happening inside the organism's body. Think about it, the venom is getting produced inside the snake. The antifreeze proteins are being produced inside the fish. The mutations are in the genes again inside the Tibetans and the bacteria that can thrive in these hot springs are due to some enzymes which work faster and better at high temperatures. So those enzymes are also being produced inside the bacteria. So these adaptations, the snake venom, the antifreeze proteins, the Tibetans with the mutations, the bacteria, all of these are altered internal functions of this organism. So you can call these adaptations as functional or you can also call them physiological adaptations. Now why physiological? Because all of these adaptations are talking about internal functions that are being done inside of these organisms, all of the venom, the proteins. So think of it kind of like the release of certain compounds like toxins or venoms or a higher or lesser production of some kind of protein or some other compound. So all of these things are happening as an internal function. So that is why these adaptations are called functional or physiological adaptations. A rather intriguing example of this adaptation is seen in the people who live really high up in the mountains. So let's focus on the Tibetans here for a minute now. As you move higher up the mountains, the air starts to get thinner or in a way you can say the oxygen levels start to drop. So because of that when you and I, if you and I would move to a place like Tibet, our bodies would have to adjust to the low levels of oxygen over there and it would do so by increasing our breathing rate and producing a lot of red blood cells so that our body gets the enough amount of oxygen it needs. But the problem in this strategy is that if there are too many RBCs in our blood then the blood starts to get very viscous or very thick and that can easily lead to clots and heart failures which is a very dangerous thing clearly. So we cannot have that. Then how are the Tibetans not falling sick at every minute of every day? Why aren't their blood getting thicker or why aren't they suffering from any kind of heart disease? Tibetans have two things that us plain dwellers don't have. One is that they have this gene mutation which doesn't allow the RBCs to increase the way our RBCs do. So RBC production is comparatively much less and this is what prevents the thickening of blood because if there's not enough RBCs the condition would never arise. And the second thing that these guys have is that they have a much higher the normal concentration of nitric oxide and this is a chemical compound which helps in the dilation of blood vessels. So their strategy is something like this. They breathe very quickly so their breathing rate is pretty high so that gets them more oxygen. There's the gene mutation stops the higher production of RBCs which prevents the thickening of blood and then they have a much higher concentration of nitric oxide which causes their blood vessels to dilate for a smoother flow of blood. So all of these things and mind you these are permanently evolved physiological adaptations. The gene mutation and the concentration of nitric oxide being higher. All of these are physiological adaptations and all of this is what helps Tibetans breathe better even at such high altitudes. And when I say high altitudes I mean like 13,000 feet high from the sea level. Okay so now we have only one adaptation left that we haven't really talked about so let's go back to our hibernating bears now. Now we've already mentioned this hibernating is kind of like an activity. It's something that the bears tend to do in order to escape colder climates right so it's an animal behavior you can say it's it's a it's a way it's a certain way the animal behaves in response to something drastic like a very cold climate or something like that and there are other ways I mean there are similar ways that animals behave as well for example there are some birds that migrate to better areas to escape again colder harsh climates and then you'll also see some garden lizards they bask in the sun to raise their body temperature so all of these things these are very specific animal behaviors so these types of adaptations all of these the migration or we're gonna need a different color for this so let's pick out another color so the whole migration and the basking in the sun all of these are specific animal behaviors and they are also adaptations so we call these things as behavioral behavioral adaptations so all of these these are behavioral adaptations they are associated with a very very specific innate behavior that these animals are born to do these these are behaviors that that's kind of ingrained into them it's not something that they pick up it's something that they just know they have to do in order to escape certain things or in order to react to their surroundings now we've been talking about this extensively all this time we've been talking about adaptations and the different types of adaptations which are available and everything but if you really had to think about it how exactly would you define an adaptation so you've been talking all about it but how would you define it how would you define what an adaptation is alright so some people like to think of adaptation as a characteristic feature or you can call it a trait which kind of makes it easier for an animal to survive or reproduce in its environment so it's a characteristic feature or a trait that's how some people have defined it so kind of like do you remember the peppered moths that we talked about during the Industrial Revolution that they were able to camouflage that was an adaptation the way that they could blend into the tree trunks and escape predation by camouflaging so that was a trait so some people call that camouflage as an adaptation and then there are some scientists who think of adaptation as a process a process that happens when organisms in a population accumulate adaptive traits so think of the peppered moths once again except this time think of the entire process the light colored moths they couldn't stay hidden right so they got eaten up by the birds but the dark colored moths they were able to camouflage and they stayed hidden and because the light colored moths got eaten up pretty quick and they couldn't reproduce the population of the dark colored pepper moths went up quite easily so this entire process of how the dark colored moths eventually gained the upper hand and they became the dominant organism with this advantageous trait that it had this entire process is what some people call as an adaptation and that's all about how you can define adaptation and the different types of adaptations which are available in different organisms around the world


who wants a bonus video all right you guys so let me level with you I just went on my Instagram and I had posted on my way home like the collection of my bags and here's my Instagram post it's kind of blown out sorry it says I just said getting the favorite daughter Emily office up and running hashtag office supply junkie so there are a bunch of comments saying that they want a haul so here's your haul you guys all right so I stopped at office max and I also stopped at Target so let me do the office max stuff first because the target stuff's kind of boring actually it's all kind of boring but I love me some office supplies and I'm sure you do too if you clicked on this video first things first I got this guy it is a 13 file separator it's like one of those little pocket things so yeah those accordion files the reason I wanted 13 actually I wanted 12 is because I wanted to separate my months because as some of you know I've kind of been talking about this for a little while is I want to treat my YouTube channel all my social media stuff more like a business and I am keeping track of all my receipts in the year 2017 I still need to meet with somebody and talk about possibly doing a business thing I don't know what I'm gonna do but I know I'm gonna keep all my receipts and I am going to file them accordingly you know when I do my taxes for the next year so anyway also I got these bad boys because I need more pens in my life of course actually I am actually running low on these so I got the PaperMate inkjoy gel pens there's 10 of them in this pack and they're the point seven if I can find any this stuff I will link it down below if I don't find it on OfficeMax.com I'll find it on Amazon for you guys so I'll just link stuff below also which is like one of my favorite things and I've been wanting one for a while and I thought well if I'm setting up an office I definitely need this and this is a temporary office since I don't actually like I live here but I'm temporarily staying here so hence all the bins and the baskets that you're gonna see in a few minutes so this is the p-touch this is like a little printer it's a brother p-touch it's the PTD400 yeah I thought this would be kind of cool it's really cool because you can put a bunch of different size labels in there which is kind of neat so yeah that was kind of neat so I'm excited to get started labeling everything in my life also speaking of labels on the actual box comes with the white paper with black text I also got the black text with clear and then I also got the gold with white text and then I also got the green with white text so these are just a little different like cartridges that you can use I'll probably end up getting like an organizer or something for these at some point but I'll probably just like collect more as I go but this is a good start to all the labeling that will be done I'm super excited also I got some of these these are just some shipping labels from office well it's like Office Depot and Office Max like the same company but they're like not it's very weird so I don't really understand their business model but anyways so there are just some plain white shipping labels I tend to reuse boxes so I like to put this kind of like over my like PO box address or my actual like physical mailing address and then I put a new one over with like your address if you like win a prize for me or if I need to mail something out for business that is what I'm gonna use for these there's so many other good things also I got some of these they're just the six by nine inch catalog envelopes I thought that these would be good if I just wanted to mail like a couple sheets of stickers to somebody or something like that versus like a whole box I also got some scissors because I have been using in my plan with me is my like kitchen scissors that live here and I don't actually have my own set of scissors so figured it was high time to get some freaking scissors also they got these things these are the medium magnetic square clips I am gonna be using this for a calendar that's gonna be on the fridge but it's gonna be like my posting calendar on the fridge so I have a visual every time I run to the fridge so that's what I'm using for these also got some scotch shipping tape because I ship out prizes once in a while and then last but not least at office max I got these three washi tapes let's see if it wants to actually focus there it goes the reason I got these washes is because ooh should I say why hmm I guess I should say why I am doing a big giveaway that's gonna be happening on Saturday but if you see me on Saturday you will likely get one of these not a full roll but I'm making some samples later so it's a little teaser for anyone that I'm gonna see on Saturday if you don't know what I'm doing on Saturday feel free to watch my Monday plan with me and then you will see what I'm doing on Saturday okay so that was it from office max and then at target I got a couple of things of course when I was at office max I forgot something actually forgot two things but whatever some AAA batteries because I need those for my new label printer of course also the office supply store I forgot just like regular postage like regular postage champs forgot those yeah such is my life and then I also got three bins oh three bins these are from the Target threshold brand I think maybe I don't know if I can find these on target I will link them down below the biggest one here is a 12.6 quart says on the bottom and then the medium size is a four quart and then the little guy it doesn't say it doesn't say how big this is but it's it's smaller like like the size of my head but I thought these would be great for kind of corralling some of my mailing supplies and other things like that so yeah got some of these and they're just like in the storage area in Target so yeah and it's got like the little weave on the other side thought that was really nice so anyway that's all I got from the office supply store slash target I know this is a short and sweet little video but a lot of you said you wanted to see a haul so here you go if you liked the video make sure to give it a thumbs up also check out the links for more information down below if you're interested in getting any of these products I will link as many things as I can possibly find also feel free to hit that red subscribe button if you haven't subscribed already I'm here every Monday Wednesday and Friday with new content for you as well as sometimes I sneak in some of these kind of videos once in a while too so you never know sometimes when you suggest I do haha alright so I'm gonna let you guys go thank you so much for hanging out with me for a little part of your day it means so much to me I hope you all are doing well no matter where you are and I will talk to you all in my next video bye


Students often ask me, what's the right way to study? The truth is, there is no right way. Every student is unique in a unique program and with a unique way of doing things. What students do need, though, is some way to tell a good strategy from a not-so-good strategy. For many students, study skills are simply tips and a study strategy is just a collection of those tips. Let me tell you a bit about what I mean by a tip. For example, many students have heard that a yellow highlighter, when reading, will help them focus and concentrate better than other colors. Other students have heard that C is most commonly the correct answer on a multiple-choice exam, so if they don't know the answer, they pick C.  But the truth is, it's the tip that is stupid, not the student. What matters in learning is the degree to which your frontal lobes, your brain, is directly engaged in struggling to understand the course material. The more you struggle to understand the material, the deeper that engagement and the better your understanding of it. Good study strategies target your frontal lobes and not just your notepad. First, a good strategy involves your full brain.  For example, many students who use a highlighter discover that they can drift off into a reading coma and experience highlighter hypnosis. For them, it's not a good strategy. Second, a good strategy allows a student to organize, interpret, summarize, paraphrase information at a level that's a little more complex than just getting the gist. Third, a good strategy is actually a skill and not a tip. A skill is learned and developed over time. For example, you cannot learn to ride a bike simply by watching a video on it. You have to get on the bike and actually ride. Finally, a good strategy has some way of capturing in your notes your brain's activity. Those notes should be helpful to you as you approach the exam. When looking for strategies, keep in mind that strategies have a range of utility. They're going to be good for certain things and maybe not so good for other things. So tailor the strategies that you choose to use to the situations that you find yourself in. Another common question that students ask is what's going to be on the exam? This is actually not a very useful question. It might be better to ask what kinds of things are going to be on the exam. And there are basically three kinds of levels of things that might appear on the exam. At level one are facts and data. These are things that you either know or you don't know. You can either regurgitate from memory or you can't. The second level are concepts and theories. These are ideas and how ideas fit together or don't fit together within the course. A third thing might be methodologies or modes of analysis. This is the way that your field views, interprets, questions and studies the world around it. For example, in a sociology course, you might be asked to develop the sociological imagination. If you don't know what that is, that's a big part of the course and you need to find out. Keep in mind that you can't just pick any old strategy in order to hit all of these different levels. Different levels require different kinds of strategies. Simply trying to rote, memorize definitions will not get at the concept level and won't certainly not tell you about modes or methodologies of analysis. I also want you to keep in mind that what may work for you may not work for other students. So when other students give you suggestions, always filter them through your personal experience and decide, is that going to work for me? Because only you know. I hope this introduction was helpful to you. As you watch the other videos in this series, please keep these things in mind.