exosomes are small membrane-bound particles secreted by cells into the extracellular environment. They play an important role in cell-to-cell communication and recent studies suggest that they may be used as vehicles for delivering therapeutics. Exosomes derived from various cells and modified exosomes have been studied extensively and this paper reviews the current understanding of these particles' potential applications. This article was authored by Edwin J. Bungalowa, Wei Wang, Tai Ying Yin, and others.


Hey there friends, thanks for checking in at the range down and we're gonna back up to 125 yards with the CMMG Banshee MK 17 for those who are not aware the MK 17 is a 9 millimeter firearm with a Magazine that accepts six hour P3 20 mags comes with a 21 round magazine And I've already reviewed this and I certainly enjoyed it the one thing that I did not do was step back over a hundred yards So we're going to do that today and see how well this eight-inch barrel in the MK 17 works out I have a pretty good idea, but that's still a long way for a nine millimeter. Let's go ahead and set that up All right, here we are with the CMMG Banshee 125 yards away This model has an eight-inch barrel the color there is titanium But we're gonna see how it does the optic is a vortex Spitfire one power It's a prism optic and what I have here.  I was getting tired of using my range bag as a bipod and this is actually pretty cool It can go this way that way doesn't matter, but 125 yards away Let's see how it goes I think I had to hang of it now. There it is CMMG Banshee a couple times. I think I was I was a bit right I made the adjustment a lot of wind swirling around out here, but overall I'm pretty happy with the result by the way, that was tool ammo steel case, which is not known for its accuracy But I will mention six hour 21 round mags That's what makes this Banshee a little more special if you have a P320 handgun You could use the mags in this model and I'm a huge fan of the CMMG Banshee line and Pretty happy with at least the last five or six shots at a hundred and twenty-five yards All right, here's what my target looks like full disclosure. I actually did this video twice because my Long-distance camera wasn't on the first time and I was using S&B 115 grain brass case ammo and I've got trees a blown over here spotting and this is where I was hitting and Then when I used the tool ammo the steel case stuff I was hitting low, but I was able to hit the target at 125 yards and I'm pretty happy about that Once again the CMMG Banshee MK 17 works very well 125 yards is quite a bit with an optic that doesn't have any power to it one power Prismoptic, but I'm certainly happy with the results and I sure had fun at the range if you like videos like this Please subscribe and share I always appreciate thumbs up button. Thanks for watching and you guys be safe


So, in the present session, we will continue our discussion on product pricing. We will discuss few more kinds of pricing and then we will sum up our entire managerial economics course. Since, we have covered all the topics, whatever we thought of covering in this typical course. So, to start with, if you remember in the last class, we talked about the product pricing, mainly when the pricing is done and the basis of the product life cycle and on that basis, we generally talked more about the product skimming. And then we discussed about the pricing based on side like cyclical pricing, pricing based on this input-output relationship, then we talked about the Ramsey pricing and the transfer pricing. So, we will discuss some more types of product pricing now and to start with, we will talk about peak load pricing and in case of peak load pricing, it is a kind of price discrimination typically in which consumers are segregated on the basis of time segment. So, here it is not the same kind of pricing for the different consumer group, rather it is a different kind of price discrimination, different kind of pricing for the different consumer group. So, it is a part of price discrimination, so rather than it is a pricing technique, you can say this is a price discrimination technique what we and in this case, generally we use this peak load pricing. So, this is the kind of price discrimination which segregate consumer into different group on the basis of the time. So, it is like user of consumer or user in a typical time period will charge more, user in the typical time period will be charge less. So, in this case different prices are charged for the same facility used at different point of time by the same customer. So, even if it is the same customer when he uses the product or when he uses the service at the different point of time, different pricing he has to pay. So, typically this segregation is on the basis of the time and here on the basis of time zone, the entire time zone is divided into two types, one is peak load and another is off peak load. And in case of peak load generally higher price will be charged and here the pricing model is markup pricing and in case of off peak load, generally off peak load pricing where there will be lower price will be charged and the pricing is based on the incremental pricing. So, the entire time zone is divided into two kind of time zone, one is peak load another is off peak load, peak load where activities are high and off peak load when the activities are less. So, activities are low high in this case it is a higher price for the product or higher price for the service and the pricing is on the basis of the markup pricing. And in case of off peak load generally where the activities are bit less there it will be lower price and in this case the pricing technique is incremental pricing. Then the typical example of peak load pricing is like if you remember during the initial days when the cell phone service providers were there or generally with the time period it they used to charge a different pricing like first 100 minutes may be you know you get a free services then next local to local the next 100 minutes will be charged in a different price and the call up more than 200 units will be charged in a different price. Similarly, when this yesterday prices if you look at there were different pricing from morning 6 to 8 then 8 to 9 and again from 9 to evening 7 o clock it is the peak load pricing because there the activities are more and that is why it is a higher price and after 7 to 9 there is one third one half of the actual price and after 9 o clock or after 9 to 11 generally we used to get one third and after 11 o clock we used to get one fourth. So, on the basis of the different time of the day generally the yesterday rates were varying and this is generally the example of the peak load pricing where in the off peak load generally prices are less and in case of peak load the prices are more. Similarly, if you look at it typically in the that is not being practiced in India, but since some foreign country the energy prices are more the electricity charges are more during the peak hour during the business hour and energy prices were less during the off peak hours. Then we have the shield breeze build pricing strategy. Here it is a kind of separate market altogether buyer do not prefer the open price and demand shield price from the seller in a shield form the typical example is standard here. So, this is the example of limited monopsony when there is only one buyer and the number of sellers are many. In this case buyers do not prefer a open price or the open market price they ask the seller whatever the prices they are going to charge for the product they have to give it in the shield form and looking at the price generally they will decide the buyers will decide from whom they are going to buy. This specifically happens in case of the monopsony buyer and also typically all this government offices and the public utility services where the regulatory authorities generally they asked for the quotation from the different seller that whatever the prices they are going to charge for doing a specific job. It is always in the shield form typically known as the tender price and we always follow the lower tender price people generally if you look at this the regular practice that the if someone has quoted a lower price lower tender price generally they gets the deal. So, the typical example of shield bid pricing strategy is the tender which is generally happened in case of the limited monopsony and also in the government offices where the accounting accountability is very high. Then in case of shield bid pricing strategy generally it is following markup strategy and markup strategy where there is a cost of production plus some margin. But here the challenge comes what should be the margin because if there are 10 bidders and each of them they are bidding for it. When they decides the margin they cannot quote a lower price lower margin because it may happen that when they are quoting a lower margin and that leads to a lower price which looks unrealistic and which gives an impression that they are not going to give a qualitative job. So, in that case also they are not going to get the tender and also in the case of high bidding price when they put up a high margin they are not going to get the tender because that looks like in a in a very high level. So, margin is generally fixing of the margin is challenge in case of the shield bid pricing strategy even if they follow a markup pricing because it is a it is not a open price rather it is a close price. So, it is difficult to know the what are the margin of the other competitor who is bidding for this typical goods or the typical services. Then we have retail pricing and how retail pricing is different from the producer pricing or the wholesale pricing. What is the value chain over here producer generally produce the product then they send it to the wholesaler. So, producer sold generally sells the product in one price to the wholesaler and from retailer buy from the wholesaler and sell it in the market. So, every time there is some value addition and if you look at whatever the price is charged by the producer it is not going to be the same by the wholesaler they will add their margin and from wholesaler when it comes to retailer that is again their margin is being added and finally whatever the price we get that is the maximum retail price if you have seen in all this product it is written MRP is this much. So, maximum retail price and in the maximum retail price generally the retail commissioner is the commission of the retail is added over here. So, retail pricing is one at that price generally the consumer buys the product from the retailer and in case of maximum retail price the retailer commission is added. Now, what is the technique for this retail pricing or what is the pricing technique generally followed by the retailer. One example is the everyday low pricing that is generally known as the EDLP and under this technique generally a low price is charged throughout the year and there is no special discount. So, typical example if you look at generally we call it the big bazaar or whether it is the Walmart or whether it is the dollar store or whether it is the IGSOF there are number of chain if you look at number of supermarket they charges low price constantly throughout the year and in that case there is no other discount rather than because they are charging a lower price throughout the year and this pricing strategy is known as the everyday low pricing and here also the consumer have the understanding that if you are going to that particular store they get their every throughout the year everyday they are paying a lower price for all these products as compared to the other product. Then the other technique is high low pricing and high low pricing is the high prices on the regular basis coupled with discount to promotion the product this is generally followed by the retailer typically the when they want to make it a branded product generally they always say that since this is a good brand they have to follow a high price they have to follow a high price on the regular basis, but they give some discount to promotion the product. This is typically adopted by firms which have a high overhead expenses cannot afford low pricing. The typical example if you look at whether it is about good brand whether it is about the niche curve whether it is about any good brand of garments everyday they charge a higher price because they charge that price for their brand and on a particular day or on a particular occasion they give discount when they have to promote their product. Then in that technique we have one more pricing that is known as value pricing where it is the value for money generally they say that what is the perceived value attached to the product. Retailers generally they take a judgment on the basis of the perceived value of the product from the consumer point of view and on that basis generally they do a value pricing if the consumer is giving a having a very high perceived value for the product they charges a high price and if it is a low perceived value they generally charge a low price. Then we have administer pricing and administer price is generally related to price charged by the monopolist and therefore, determined by the consideration other than marginal cost and prices are those that are statutorily determined by the government this is typically known as the administer price. Then we have export pricing and export pricing comes into picture because there is international transaction taking place after typically the when the international trade is there or the when the liberalization and the globalization has taken place. And international trade either we import the product where we have to make the payment the domestic economy has to make the payment and or it is exported so where we receive the payment. So, when the export price is fixed in this case the determinant for the export price is need to check where this product is getting exported, what is the income level of that country, what is the test and preference of the consumers of that country, what is the exchange rate between the currency of that country where the transaction is taking place and the domestic currency, what is the tariff and custom duties in that country to the trading. Identify and also to identify all the competitors who supply the same product in the same market because export price is something where the domestic product is getting sold in the foreign market. So, pricing is not on the basis of the domestic business environment rather this is on the basis of the foreign country business environment where the product is getting sold or where the product is getting exported. So, that is why here the exporter when they are fixing up the price they need to consider what is the income level, what is the test and preferences, what is the exchange rate, what is the tariff, customer duty. And also one of the important factor they have to look into that who are the other competitors or who are the other supplier who is exporting the product to that particular region or that particular location. So, with this we completed our discussion on the product pricing and if you remember in the product pricing we discussed about the different kind of pricing that is based on competition, that is based on the goal of the firm, that is based on the cost, that is based on the cyclical changes, that is based on the product life cycle. And also we talked about two pricing basically one is the multiproduct pricing where pricing is decided on the basis of the combined marginal revenue. And the second one is the price discrimination which is generally practiced by the monopolist when they charge different prices to the different consumer group in different market and different time period. So, with this we completed all this topic whatever we listed in the this typical course or whatever has to be covered in this typical course.


Hey, good morning, everyone. Lee Lowell here from smartoptioncell.com. Today is Saturday, July 9th, 2022. We're back for another edition of our Saturday Synopsis. We look at the charts, see what's been going on in the stock market, see what may happen moving forward. I'm a technical analyst. I look at the charts, that's my main go-to to figure out when it's time to get in and out of trades. Fundamental data, fundamental analysis is another way people look for trade entries. That's how they figure out how the sales, earnings, growth, PE ratios, dividends, all that good stuff underlying a company affects how they're going to move in the future. I'm under the impression and the belief that all that data traded by millions of people around the world every single day is and gets factored into the charts. Everyone knows this public information and it gets reflected on the chart. So that's really all I need to concentrate on. So we look at the charts. That's what I've been doing for the last 30 years or so. Been trading stocks, commodities, options, everything basically. And I look at the charts to give me a clue of what's been going on. So I'm here on Saturdays, most Saturdays to give you these free YouTube videos to show you what I'm seeing in the markets and kind of make a game plan, see what's going on for the week coming forward. So let's just jump right in as we always do. We look at the charts. We start with the S&P 500 by using the SPY, which is the exchange traded fund for the S&P 500. On your screen here, what you see is the charts that I look at. I got about a two year back history here on daily charts. I look at the daily charts because I like to have a more longer term basis. I'm not an intraday trader. I don't trade one minute charts or five minute charts. It's just something that I could never really do. I think the market's just too erratic. I've never really been able to come up with some kind of system or game plan to help me trade one minute charts, five minute charts. It's just too random. So I like to move out to the long-term charts. I have a more longer term approach. I look at months, years, decades into the future. I'm a buy and hold kind of guy. I've got my retirements account. So I have stocks for the long, long run and that's been rewarded for anyone in that type of situation over time. If you hold, you will be rewarded. Short-term trading, it's a tough gig, but if you can do it, more power to you. But anyway, so we look at the longer-term charts in our newsletters at the smart options seller. We sell put spreads, we sell naked put options because we like to take advantage of a market that over the long run goes up over time. So we're more bullish traders and most of our trades last anywhere from two to three months out in time. So a little bit longer timeframe. It helps us weather the erraticness of the short-term moves, the intraday moves, the daily moves. We like to take a little bit of a longer-term outlook. So what do we see here on the chart? I have my daily chart, bar chart, open, high, low, closed bars and down here is the RSI, 14-day RSI. And I only have three moving averages. I got a 20-day, 50-day and 200-day simple moving averages to help me gauge where I think the market is going, what it's doing, what's happening. And we basically just visualize what's on the charts. We check the price action, which is basically which way the stock or market is moving. And we draw these channels. You can see these blue channels, this uptrend here, this little downtrend here. And there's also other patterns. This is a flagpole, a flag pattern. And we look for support and resistance levels. And the RSI down here gives us an idea of whether our stock or index is overbought or oversold, we have the 80 level and the 20 level. And the oscillator moves in between those levels. Most of the time it's around the 50, the mid-range level. So right now the stock market is basically, according to the RSI, not overbought, not oversold. But we look at the price action. So let's kind of see where the market's been and what we can possibly think about next week. As we know, if you've been following the markets, we've been in a downtrend since basically January 1st of 2022. It's been a long six month grueling downtrend. You just eyeball the chart. You can just see the market is going down with fits and starts. You got up moves as well, but we're caught in this overall down move. And it's been tough for a lot of people. We haven't endured this type of a long-term six month downtrend in a long time. And as the statistics, the data show that this is the worst six months to the start of a year in a very long time. I think it's like 50 years or whatever. So as you can see, we can just visualize, we draw some channels here just to see where the market, where the market is kind of trading in, right? So we're in this downtrend. This helps you visualize where we are. Now we can remove this. All patterns can be removed over a period of time. So we'll remove that so we can get a better look. So as you can see, the stock market, the S&P 500 is in this downtrend right now. But we have the snapback rallies that just have been getting sold since January, right? So here's the beginning of the year.  And then this, since basically April, this has been a pretty nasty move these last few months here. So where do we stand now? What can we see? Well, last week when I made the video, we had come back down. So we were down here, all right? And I had said that if the market is going to rally back up, it's probably gonna rally up and touch the downtrending 20-day moving average, which is the blue line right here. So here we were last week. The market had come off the lows, rallied all the way back. This was two weeks ago right here and the last week we came back down again.  We came up, we got above the 20-day moving average. But what we have right here, lurking is the top of the downtrending channel, okay? So we're sort of caught in this channel here. The market's moved up nicely and it's sort of rubbing right up against the downtrending top line of the channel. So the big question is, will the market have enough juice next week to pop outside of the channel and then challenge the next resistance, which is this downtrending 50-day moving average right here. So the market is all about finding these support and resistance zones and then getting through them if they can, if it can, it's the market, it's an it. So I like how it bounced here. I like how it bounced here and it got through the 20-day moving average. Now we have to contend with the downtrending line, which is keeping it in this channel here, all right? So we're gonna see next week. We've got to get out of the channel and possibly intersect with the 50-day moving average. So over the next week, we're looking at the mid, low, 390s, somewhere within the 390 to 400 range on the SPY, which is 3,900 to 4,000 on the S&P index itself. So that's what we're looking for next week. Get through this channel, see what it does to the 50-day moving average. If it can get through both of those, then it's, we've got some momentum here to keep going on the upside. So in our newsletters, which are bullish plays, we sell put options, put options and credit spreads. We've been taking it light over the last few months. Positions have been less frequent, smaller, because we know that the market's caught in this downtrend.  So we don't know yet if this current little rally right here of the last week is gonna get resisted and get knocked back down again. Don't know that yet until we see next week's action. I'd like to see it break through the downtrending channel, get through the 50-day moving average and start moving up. So we can see what might happen. Right here for now, we can maybe draw this little uptrending line. We got this little uptrend that's within the broader downtrend. So we'll see if this uptrend can continue, then maybe we've got the beginnings of the next leg of the move and maybe the second half of 2022 can go up and earnest. So that's where we keep an eye on. Let's look at the NASDAQ and we use the triple cues as our gauge for that. Like the S&P 500, January, we got the downtrend and then starting in April had the really severe downtrend. This has been tough for a lot of people. Here we are down near the bottom. The triple cues came right back up this week, got through the 20-day moving average here and finished. You can see how it just touched right here. This bar right here is yesterday, Friday, July 8th, this one bar. You can see the very top of the bar is the high of the day, okay? So we zoom in here a little bit. I mean, just like magic, it intersected right with this down sloping 50-day moving average. Here is the high of the day. So these moving averages, they really act like magnets sometimes. I mean, because so many people are watching the same thing, so many people are trading the same thing, that they're all watching for the same things to occur, which would be resistance at a moving average level. I mean, it's not a coincidence that we stopped right here at the 50-day moving average. So next week, just like the S&P 500, we wanna see this thing pop through and start moving higher. We have the 200-day moving average up here lurking. So we'll see if we can get that high. We'll see what it does when it connects with this. You know, we have this overall, if you wanna draw a longer-term kind of channel, it's a little messy, but you can see overall, it's caught in this downtrending, and you can always draw these smaller channels as well. I mean, it's in the eye of a holder. It's not black and white. There's no right or wrong way to draw these things. It's just what you see. Someone else who's a, you know, a chartist might be seeing something completely different from what I'm seeing. And so, but this is how I do it, and this is what I'm seeing. We're still caught in the downtrend, and we have the up moves that for now have been getting sold back down. So we don't know if next week, the triple cues will get knocked back down. We don't know yet. You know, we don't really wanna make predictions. We wanna follow the price action and let it tell us what to do. So that's the cues. Let's look at the Dow. We use the diamonds, the DIA. That's the exchange traded fund for the Dow. Now, the Dow had been caught in this longer-term sideways channel. I'm gonna remove this, you know, so it's not so jumbled up. And you can see generally, basically since January, the market's been in the downtrend, just like all the other indexes. And here, the Dow got through the 20-day moving average is good, and here's the 50-day lurking above. So it's all about what's gonna happen when the Dow and the S&P 500 meet upon the 50-day. Now, the Nasdaq already met it. So it'll be interesting to see how we play out next week. But in the longer-term, we're still in this downtrending channel. We really need to see a good month or two of price action that's going upwards and creating a new upwards channel. That'll give us a clue that, okay, the bears are starting to step aside and the bulls are reclaiming some dominance. I don't think we're completely there yet, but this little two-week move up move here, two-three-week up move is constructive. But we don't know, but you could have said that about here. You could have said that about here. And it all still got knocked back down. So you have to be playing with a little bit of caution if you're bullish right now. You don't wanna jump the gun. All right, so that's for the index as we look at some individual charts as well as we do every Saturday. Let's just jump right in. Let's start with Tesla here. I get a lot of comments on Tesla, a lot of requests to go over Tesla. You can see the charts been marked up here. Tesla, the last few weeks as we've been talking, it's hovering right above and below the $700 range or the $700 level. You can see this blue line here. And then below that, this was the other support area. Just, I drew this in the last couple of weeks. So this area right here seems to be from low 600s to high 700s. We can even draw another little line here sort of at the top that it's showing us. This is the current range right here. I know there's a lot of lines on here, but this is what you do. You kinda draw these lines to give you some support and resistance levels. So right now Tesla is caught in this $600 to $800 range. Let's see, so after the close, we're gonna look at Twitter too because there was some activity in Twitter after the market closed yesterday. So once again, Tesla caught in between this 600 to 800 with 700 level being the midpoint here going back to last summer. We probably wanna see it for the bulls. Tesla break out above 800 and then here's the 200 day right here, a little above 900. You wanna see how it reacts to that. So it's all about how the stock or market will react to the moving averages and other support and resistance prior areas, okay? So for right now we're in this range. If Tesla comes back down again and it holds here, then it could be a good spot to possibly jump into bullish positions. You wanna take this channel and use it to your advantage. If it holds at a certain spot, if it holds up here and gets knocked back down, then you know it could be a shorting opportunity, maybe buying some put options. If it comes back down, holds here and bounces or starts to bounce, it could be a good place to buy shares or call options. So use these channels to your advantage. Now, let's look at Twitter real quick because after the market closed yesterday, Friday, July 8th, Elon Musk is telling Twitter that he wants out of the deal, he wants to walk away from buying Twitter because he believes Twitter is withholding information from him about how many bot accounts and how many fake spam accounts Twitter has and Twitter says that they've given him all that information. In my opinion, I just think Musk wants to try to negotiate a better deal, a cheaper deal. I mean, his deal was to buy Twitter for like $54 a share when it popped. This is when he said, I'm buying and then it's fallen since then.  It's like you buy something and all of a sudden it goes on sale and you can't take advantage of the sale. I think that's what Elon Musk is feeling right now. Twitter's just got knocked back down and he doesn't want to pay $54 a share when it's now trading in the mid-36 range. So whether Twitter has given him all that information or not, I think he's trying to play the game of, well, you didn't give me all the information so I'm not buying it at that price now. And after the market closed yesterday, so here it closed at 36.81, news came out after the market closed. So if we go to the after market, look on the one minute chart, you can see. Here's the market closed at 4 p.m. Eastern and then over here, 4 p.m. Eastern and then a little while later Elon Musk said, I'm not buying and you can see how Twitter dropped. Pretty good in just a couple minutes time. Close to 33.5 shares rallied back. So at the end of trading, extended trading at 8 p.m. Eastern last night, Friday, July 8th, Twitter closed around $35. Here's the close of a regular market 36.81. So we'll see where Twitter opens up on Monday morning. Markets open up the pre-market 4 a.m. Eastern time. So if you're, you know, you can't sleep and you're up at 4 a.m. in the morning, take a look, see where Twitter's trading at that time of the day. Anyway, so that's Twitter. I don't, you know, I have no stake, no position. Too much happening. You don't want to get into a stock like that when there's too many, too much headline risk. You know, exterior forces at play here.  So that's Twitter, Tesla. Tesla, let's see if Tesla got affected in that aftermarket. So Tesla closed around $752 a regular market after hours. Oh, so Tesla jumped pretty good. So here we closed at $752. So Tesla jumped a good, you know, $20 a share after that. Closed at $769 at the end of the extended trading hours. So Tesla stock went up, Twitter stock went down. A lot of stuff happens in the aftermarket, especially on these weekly options. You trade weekly options and, you know, you had bought some 755 calls that expired at the end of regular trading hours. You thought the thing expired worthless, but you can hold on to it and call your broker, I think up until 5 p.m. or 5 30 p.m. Eastern. You know, you could have exercised those calls and, you know, made yourself some decent money after the market closes. So be careful if you're trading these weekly options, you know, you have to stick around. So 5 p.m., 5 30 p.m. Eastern, another hour, hour and a half after the regular market closes, see what happens. Stuff like this, you can make a lot of money or you can leave a lot of money on the table. You gotta be aware of how things are trading these days. All right, so let's see what else we got. We look at Apple, Apple. All right, it's done some decent movement. One third hit the low 130 a couple of weeks ago and now closed at 147. It's gotten above this sort of support area here or resistance area depending on how you wanna look at it and has moved above the 20 day and has now moved above the 50 day, which is good. You can see right here, yesterday's trading got above the 50 day moving average. So we've got some momentum, certain stocks have some momentum, that's good.  Okay, so you can, let me redo this one here. You got your little upwards channel that's starting to grow. Wanna see it keep going. So that's Apple, you know, looks good. Got kind of a V shape bounce here, Apple.  Just like most of these great stocks will go up. It's just when the bottom will finally occur, as I say to you guys each week, I nibble on the way down. You know, never gonna find the bottom. No one's ever gonna find the bottom. But if you have conviction in the stock, you can nibble on the way down and get yourself some cheaper shares if you have, you know, the capital to do that. Some people wanna wait until they see a bullish move to start in earnest and then they'll start to buy. You know, so no one will ever buy the bottom, but I, you know, buy in bits and pieces. AMD, another favorite. Now there's a lot of lines here that we've been drawing over the last couple months. AMD came down, just nicked the last support line that I drew, which was right in the low 70s. Popped just down here, but then popped back above. The next line we have is this line right here, which is around the $85 level. Wanna see AMD get back above that. But we have this blue 20 day moving average lurking above and this 50 day here. So AMD's got its work cut out for it. You know, I'm a believer in AMD. You got these chip stocks that computers have been, you know, the force in our lives forever and they're just getting more and more important. You gotta have chips, computer chips to run these computers and AMD is a force in that sector. I believe in the long run, it's gonna rally back and move back higher, but for now it's still caught in this downtrend. You can see, just visually you can see the stocks in a downtrend. So going all out bullish is not the smartest thing because it could always get knocked back down. All right, so that's AMD, I'm holding out that it's gonna go up, go up in the long run. Disney same thing for me. You know, I talk about these same companies each week. Disney's still churning below the $100 level, trying to get its act together. Can you go wrong with Disney as a long-term hold? I don't know, some people don't like Disney, I like Disney. Here's the COVID low in March 2020, just below $80 a share. It could come back down, who knows? We've got the still the up sloping 200 month moving averages to the monthly chart. So, you know, this 80 level could be a magnet or maybe Disney will find its footing now and start to rally back up. But you can see how it's hugging along the 20 day moving average here. So Disney's still kind of down in the dumps. I like to see it get back up there. Yeah, another stalwart, Nike. This is Nike clearly, clearly in a downtrend. I mean, there's no question about it. You know, just the recent downtrend right here, you can see the channel here. So Nike still moving down. Can Nike be held down forever? No, don't know when it will finally get the mojo and go back up, but when it does, along with everything else, it's gonna be a great buy from wherever it bounces from. So we got Nike, Disney, AMD, Apple, all these stocks that you know will go up at some point. Let's look at Microsoft. We look at the biggies, we look at the popular stocks, Microsoft, still in this long, you can see this pretty wide, downtrending channel, just how it is. What's good about Microsoft has gotten now above the 50-day moving average, you can see here. It's trading above the 50-day moving average. Next stop would be to connect with the top of the downtrending channel. Over the next few weeks, depending on how fast it moves, it could come anywhere in this range from maybe 270 to 280 in the next few weeks. You can see how if you visualize Microsoft going up, it can connect with the uptrending line or the downtrending upper channel and will it get knocked back down or will it blast through yet to be seen? But we know for the time being, the down move is the dominant direction right now. Intel, which I don't, you know, I'm not interested in Intel, but I keep it on the charts, just made another new low Intel. It's really been getting hit pretty good. I'm gonna remove this old line here. Let's take a look at the monthly, see where Intel, so Intel coming, you know, not too far from the 200-month moving average in the low $30 range, really been coming down. You know, Intel sort of lost its dominance in the chip sector to AMD and Vidia, some of these other chip stocks, but you know, here's a new low it's made of recent, kind of hugging along the 20-day moving average here. So Intel, you know, I stay away. I'm more of an AMD guy. Other stocks, what else do we have? We can look at Amazon. Amazon had their stock split not that long ago, but you can see the support, pretty good support just above $100 a share. One, two, three, four, five, six, seven. Basically, seven attempts here at this $100 level has not been able to get through it yet. So that seems to be a pretty good area of support. Got through the 20-day moving average and just finished above the 50-day moving average the last two days, Thursday and Friday this week. Here's the downsloping 50-day. Can it continue upwards? We sort of see a W pattern forming here a little bit. You can see the W as I draw it out. It would have to get above 130 to really gain the momentum of a W pattern working out. So you use the middle section of the W pattern as that resistance area. So getting above 130, if Amazon could do that, I think that gives it another shot towards the downsloping 200-day moving average. So keep an eye on, that's Amazon. Let's go through our list here and see what else we have. Let's see, got gold and silver in here. I keep commodities on here because I'm a commodities guy as well. Oracle hanging in there. We have a position on Oracle. Putsell that we sold, working for us. Even if the stock goes sideways, selling put options works. Netflix, let's take a look at Netflix. Down hovering on the lows here around, it closed at 100, just under 187. It may have found its support here. This is about 160 or 170-something level, this line right here. So it couldn't get through it yet. And here's the 50-day moving average. So it's kind of hugging on that. It's got the 20-day as well. Looks like Netflix could be getting ready to maybe make that turn and start to go up. But you never know, earnings is just, the last two earnings, we've had these massive, massive gap downs. So I think people are still a little gun shy to go all in on Netflix because the next earnings announcement could drop it down again. So you gotta be careful, but it has come down a long way. Here's the highs near $700 a share, and now still under $200 a share. Netflix in the long run, we gotta go back to the monthly, see where it's been. Look at that, that's just, whew, that's a rough move right there. And it happened pretty quick too. So here's the 200-month moving average right here, lurking about $140 a share. Could that be the next stop? Or did we find support where we are now? So keep an eye on Netflix. Play with caution if you wanna play with it at all. Walmart, talk about Walmart. You know, I'm a believer in Walmart. Bought some down here in the 120 level. Got really oversold and bounced pretty good. So Walmart will find its way back. It may take a little while. Target is a play that we got into just this week as well. What I liked about Target, here's Target, obviously we had a huge gap here, came down, still going slightly lower. But what I liked is that the RSI was sloping upwards. When you have a stock that's just still kind of moving down a little, but the RSI is moving up at the same time, that's what we call bullish divergence. It means the selling is slowing down and the selling may become exhausted and that the bull run may start up again. So we got into a spread, a put spread that we sold on Target. It is a bullish play. So I like to see Target turn the corner and maybe move up. Even sideways actions, sideways action would work for us as well. What else we have? The healthcare stocks, we always talk about those. Eli Lilly and you're the highs. Bristol Myers hanging in there. Pfizer doing okay. Merck, healthcare, you know, it's a great sector to be in for the long run. Healthcare, everyone needs healthcare. It's gonna be around. Verizon still haven't gotten into Verizon yet. Waiting, waiting, waiting. Kellogg doing okay. Oh, PayPal, let's take a look at PayPal and Square as we typically do. Still down at the lows. The payment space hugging this 20 day moving average looks like another potential downlay could occur. Hasn't found the bottom yet. Square, same thing, just gotten crushed. Around $67 like PayPal hugging along the 20 day moving average here. You know, these guys, I don't see a massive rally coming anytime soon yet.  Starting in late July. So in a few weeks, so we'll get to see what some of these, how these companies did in the last three quarters. Costco still doing okay. We got McDonald's doing all right. Pepsi doing good. Coke, we always talk about Coca-Cola. Long term, upwards trajectory. Let's look at the monthly on Coca-Cola. Just look at that, just great. Here's the COVID and then just regain that and has made all time new highs just very recently. So Coke's in, I'm in for the long run. Great dividend pair, dividend aristocrat. We like Coca-Cola. Let's see what else we got here. Here's Warren Buffett, is Berkshire Hathaway down on the lows. You know, I've talked about this before. I had my report on the website how to take advantage, how to piggyback Warren Buffett with a great option strategy. Check that out on our website if you're interested in that. Talked about Twitter, Facebook, down near the lows. I'm not a big fan. IBM doing okay. Google, don't really mess around with Google too much underneath this support, this now resistance area. What else we got? Chewy I liked. I liked the rounded bottom that Chewy was making. Here was a line in the sand right here. I don't know when I drew this, but it has broken through that. Unfortunately for me, Chewy has not been trading that long. Only started in 2019. I really don't like to get involved with stocks that have not been around for at least five years. But I kept it on the chart. Had made this nice rounded bottom. Here was the resistance line that had popped right through that, that was good for a $10 move. So if anyone was in Chewy, congratulations on that. Let's see what else we have. That's really about it. Clorox, Colgate, yep. All right, so let's quickly go back to the SPY. Wrap it up here. As we said, markets in a downtrend, but possibly we've got a little up move here. Be careful. We've got the upper edge of the downtrending channel and the 50 day moving average lurking. Anything next week, we may get up into the low to mid 390 range on the SPY, keep an eye on that. If it can keep going, then I'm gonna get a little more enthusiastic about this next bull leg. But if it gets knocked back down, be aware it could come down and make new recent lows. All right, so that's it for the Saturday synopsis. Let's quickly go to our website, smartoptionseller.com. We're all about put selling and selling put option credit spreads. That's our gig. That's what we like to do. Go to our website here, smartoptionseller.com. Put selling basics. This is our free ebook to learn about selling put options. Put your name and address in. We'll send you a free copy. In the email that you'll get from us is the link for the ebook. So look for that link within the email that we send you. Here's our services tab. We have our two newsletters and our one-on-one coaching sessions. We've been helping a lot of students get up to speed on how to trade options. All right, that's all for me today. Hope this video is helpful, free video. Give me a thumbs up. Don't forget to subscribe. Hit that red subscribe button in the bottom right hand corner. Leave me a comment, send me an email. I'm here to help, been in the business 30 years and I love answering your questions. All right, that's all for me today. Hope everyone has a great weekend and a great trading week ahead. I will not be around next Saturday. So I'll probably see you maybe the Saturday after that, depending what the schedule. All right, have a great weekend. This is Lee Lowell signing off.


When within this modern world of academic study, a ruin is found, a ruin of such astonishing feature or size, one which is clearly an out-of-place artifact within the realm of its accompanying modern paradigm. No matter how amazing, how historically important, due to its sheer inexplicability, one will rarely hear about it in popular debate, and one such ruin is Kat Shibib. The archaeological site was first identified by British diplomat Sir Alec Kirkbride in 1948, an ancient wall over 93 miles long, whose origins are predictably unknown. Ever since its initial discovery, a range of disciplines, including archaeologists, scientists, and anthropologists, have studied the wall. Yet the date of the Kat Shibib's construction, however, is still claimed as unknown, regardless of it also being claimed as, quote, widely debated by archaeologists. Regardless of this claim, many will have never heard of this spectacular ancient ruin, a reality we claim not by coincidence, but design. Recent study of the wall by the Aerial Archaeology and Jordan Project have found that it runs north northeast, south southwest, spanning a total unbroken distance of 66 miles. However, they also discovered sections were to run parallel, this for an additional substantial distance. Quote, if we add the spurs and stretches of parallel wall, the total length would be about 150 kilometers or 93 miles, wrote David Kennedy, a professor at the University of Western Australia, and Rebecca Banks, a research assistant at Oxford University, in a paper published recently in the journal Zeitriff for Orient Archaeology. It is unquestionably a remarkable ancient ruin, one evident of a once highly capable, yet now lost civilization. It is a ruin which we find highly compelling. When Austrian explorer Arthur Posnanski performed a study on Puma Panku in 1926, he later hypothesized that it was, in fact, one of the oldest archaeological sites on the face of the earth, an ancient ruin dating back at least 15,000 years ago. Posnanski was one of the first explorers of the modern age to have ever investigated Puma Panku's incredible existence, but as our regular viewers would have predicted, his hypothesis is staunchly denied by academics worldwide. Yet regardless of this, his sound reasoning, and indeed that of many other critically-minded individuals, means that his theory is one many others have arrived at, thus it continues to have many supporters to this day. And although mainstream academia persists in their attempts to place this amazing and largely inexplicable site's date of construction within permitted timelines, claiming to have carbon dating done at the site, which places its origins at around 500 BC, supporters of a greater age dismiss this dating as unreliable. And due to our own in-depth and many years of investigative experience regarding these ruins, tend to agree that the site is indeed far older, and due to their having been in Ice Age around 10,000 years ago, this dating made by Posnanski would put it right where one would expect to have found it, if it was indeed the work of a pre-cataclysmic civilization, with Puma Panku being a surviving relic of their incredible legacy. Additionally, archaeologist and researcher Neil Steed has also investigated a relationship with astronomical alignments. He discovered intriguing supporting evidence for this controversial opinion, finding that it was built to coincide with winter and summer solstice, and a precise alignment with the spring equinox as well. However, these events would have only been perfectly aligned with the temples over 17,000 years ago. We have long argued against a field of study that is not only assumptive in method, but is also conspiratorial in nature. Any dating of any relic which cannot be explained is merely an attempt to muddy the waters of understanding, often obscured with an in-depth volley of detailed and competent investigations into civilizations. We posit merely re-inhabited said sites with a known recent well-studied history. This convincing tale of events, however, is short-lived if one explores any of the said sites with a logical eye. One soon finds that many characteristics on display are not only found globally, which on its own is compelling proof of a past global superpower, but the countless trilathons, enormous megaliths some reaching into the thousands of tons, along with highly advanced, incredibly accurate, yet unknown masonry techniques, all tell a story which academics who never seem to mention said features cannot explain. Not to mention melting pots of ancient academic anomalies, such as that of Puma Punku. How can anyone logically claim that the astonishing precision on show at the site, along with the many basalt megalithic platforms weighing many hundreds of tons, all indicative of a past highly capable technologically advanced civilization once having been responsible and once won grasps just how many holes can be found within mainstream opinion? They can be forgiven for doubting said tale of events, especially when those who tell such tales actively attempt to conceal such unexplainable features. Who built Puma Punku? Is it really over 15,000 years old? How would one cut such precision stonework without precision machinery? It is a place which we find highly compelling. Dorchester, Massachusetts, USA, in 1852, at Meeting House Quarry, workers were using dynamite to break up the bedrock, when an explosion threw an artifact into the light of day, after spending many thousands of years under the earth. According to geologists, the Roxbury rock, in which this mysterious artifact was embedded, has been dated as having accumulated between 570 and 593 million years ago, during the Eddiakanon period. Imagine their surprise, when workers spotted a metallic object amongst the debris of the explosion, still partially embedded in a chunk of rock, and now sheared into two pieces from the forces of the blast. A zinc vase covered in flower decorations painted in solid silver. The bell-shaped pot is around 4.5 inches tall and about 6.5 inches long, and was noted as being exquisitely made. The age of the vase has been heavily debated amongst specialists, with many struggling to produce ages smaller than 100,000 years. Additionally, the species of flowers and plants that are illustrated upon the vase, also went extinct over 100,000 years ago. Not surprisingly, but rather predictably, the pot along with all authenticative documentation regarding its discovery, mysteriously vanished without trace shortly before a full investigation into its amazing history could take place. The initial discovery was covered on June 5, in 1852, from the publication of the magazine Scientific American. Which confirms its authenticity, as indeed being found embedded in the solid ancient stone, 15 feet below the surface. But shortly after this coverage, like so many other amazing objects found around the world vanished without trace. Who made this amazing artifact, when was it made? If we go by the age of the rock in which it was discovered, it is amazingly over 500 million years old, but we may never know. Upsets all our ideas about what the ancient Greeks were capable of. It rewrites the history of technology. It tells us that things were going on in second century BC, Greece, which we had no idea about.


Pavel, a nice quick win with the white pieces in the first round. What happened? Actually, it was not so quick. I spent a lot of time actually calculating on the possible variation after DTXC5 when I sacrificed a piece, but not was not so easy. Well, I used to play this opening with Black when I was young and I got a big experience and in the game, yeah, of course I know the basic ideas for both sides and I think that he was too quick to play C5. I mean, Black normally should develop first, playing Bishop D7, and then it's another game. C5 was quite ambitious move. I spent quite time to find the best possible reaction, so CTXD5 was probably a good move. After ETXD5, I was going to sacrifice 9D5 but he played, he took with the knight. Bishop c4 and then I thought he should have just exchanged the knight on c3 and then maybe even take on de5. I was not sure about that. Well, I think I'm still better, but knight c7 is an interesting move, but the piece sacrifice is critical here and if it works, okay, then I'm almost winning. Do you think he missed knight d5 or what is it that he missed in his calculation according to you? Probably, probably. In my opinion, he should try to take on c3, bishop takes c3, and then maybe find some ideas. I checked also for him Bishop b7 was interesting on this position and intending to sacrifice on h2. If I take on c7, bishop takes h2, King takes Queen h4, King g1, bishop takes g2 and so on, but maybe I can play f3 simply here and probably I'm winning, but I was not sure, but the variations are quite complicated there. Right, started with the stone wall, but when he played c5, things got a bit messy on the board, huh? Right, right, right. Yeah, it's the same story in this line-ons. After c5, things are getting very complicated here, right? Right, and it's a good feeling to start with the win. Sure, sure, sure. It's always good fitting and I don't play so much nowadays and well, it's a very nice tournament to play and I'm looking forward to have a lot of fun. Right, well, get some rest and we'll see you soon. Thank you.


We all come with so many New Year resolutions, what we want to do next year, and masha'Allah some of us we have so long list that sometimes it's very hard to know if you're gonna live to see those days of that list or not. Whatever list that we do we want to come up with, that's fine. What I suggest personally for myself and for all of us that the top of our list should be strengthen my relationship with Allah. That should be the priority. The first thing that comes in my list is to make sure that whatever the relationship that I have with Allah next year I want it to be stronger and better. How do I strengthen my relationship with Allah? That is a big thing. I want to strengthen my relationship with Allah. But how? And where do I start? There are so many ways you can strengthen your relationship with Allah. But the easiest and the best and the fastest, and I know because sometimes when we travel we're looking for the shortest way. Short cut. So to get there as quick as possible. The shortest and the fastest way to strengthen your relationship with Allah is Salat. The best way to communicate and to strengthen your relationship with Allah is Salat. And I will suggest humble brothers and Abdullah we all do our prayers but let your new year resolution to strengthen your relationship with Allah be I want to be the one who also pray on time. It's a difference between praying and praying on time. Resolution should be I want to pray on time. You know why? Because the Prophet tells us he says افضل العمال الصلاة في اول وقت. The best deed the best deed that you can see in Islam is Salat. By the way you know that and we call in Adhan هَيَّا عَلَى خَيْرَل. No, what did he do better than Salat? Nothing. Salat is the best. That's what I said, هَيَّا عَلَى خَيْرَل. خَيْرَل عَمَل. No, this Salat also is the best deed but the best of the Salat is to do it on time. Brothers and sisters if we can take this as our resolution for next year. As Salat in Waqt. Trust me we got everything done. And I wanted to say that even one of the resolution should be in the list. Strengthen your relationship with Imam. That's one of the relations should be that I want to strengthen my relationship with my Imam. But how would you do that? You can do that with Salat too. Salat strengthen your relationship with Allah and your Imam as well. And you know and I know a lot of you might have heard this story of a man who Imam told him the best you can do for me is to keep your Salat on time. There was a story when Alim is telling this story that happened. It's a real story that happened. And Alim was traveling and he was sitting in the bus. As he was sitting in the bus the time of Salat came he was looking what will happen. And the narration said before the bus even left he was hoping that he will have somebody knowledgeable that can sit next to him so they can have a good conversation educational conversation. Now suddenly a man walked in with the normal clothes, jeans, t-shirts. Here we go. As they sat next to him he was okay what's gonna happen? He didn't say anything to him. No he said anything to him. He was sitting in the bus. He got to a place he started looking at the time. It's time for Salat but what will happen? Then immediately that young man sitting next to him he told the driver can you stop the car? Stop the bus. He said where's wine? He said I want to do Salat. There's a lot of people in the bus. What are you talking about? When we get to the bus stop where's that? No, no. Now. Now I want you to stop right now. The bus driver said no I'm not stopping.  Everybody's looking at this guy. Is he crazy? What's wrong with this man? Yes, he was crazy but in his own world. Then he said to the man at the bus driver said okay okay don't throw yourself out. I will stop. He stopped. Everybody, Masha'Allah, everybody get the Shafa'ah. Shafa'ah of this guy made Wudu. Let's do Salat. They did Salat. They finished the Salat. They sat in the bus. Now the Alim was curious who's this guy? Who is so concerned about Salat that much? Then the Alim asked who are you? What's your story? He said Sheikh Nayou wouldn't believe. I grew up. I was born and raised Muslim but I wasn't practicing. I didn't even know what the Salat is all about. I had a mother or grandmother who is in the house always she called Ya Sahib al-Zaman. I thought this woman is just out of her mind calling someone who? I didn't even know what the Salat of the Zaman is about.  The bus cannot get there and I'm very very limited time to get there. If I don't get there on time I missed my test. That's it. I'm done. He said what can I do? He said he was standing there looking left and right. He didn't know what to do. Then he remember his grandma at home called someone Ya Sahib al-Zaman. He said let me call Ya Sahib al-Zaman.  Then what happened? Imam al-Zaman came and helped him. He said in a few seconds I said I found myself in my building where I supposed to be and like myself. He said I saw a man came and took me to my place. He said when we got there before he left he asked I asked him who are you? He said I am an Imam. And then he said for all this help that you gave me you saved me. What is it that I can do to help you what you did for me? Give me money? Buy me dinner? Take me out? Sharpen? He said all I want is take care of your Salat and pray on time. He said from that day I made what we call Tawbat al-Naswaha. I never used to pray. I never used to fire. He said that incident changed my mind and I promised him I say from today I will be the one praying on time. Not that I will pray on time. And since that day I never miss my prayer on time. If we really want to strengthen our relationship with Allah and the Imam the best way is through Salat. And that should be the first phase in our list to do next year. That is number one. Number two brothers and sisters. One of the suggestions also that should be part of our to-do list next year. Insha Allah. If Allah is upon wa ta'ala grant us a life which is one of the best thing one can do. Put in your list to help others as much as you can. Brothers after serving Allah with your wajibat there is nothing important in Islam like to help other people. Forget about your Muslim non-Muslim. No, don't worry about it. Helping others is the priority after wajibat. And I'm not saying this. You know when you go there is one of the Maraja Ayatullah Al Ankarani. He has one of the sayings where he said do your wajibat and after your wajibat he says serve people and don't worry about anything else. And when you go Yomul Qiyamah Allah ask you tell him Al Ankarani told me to do so. You think an Alim will make this bold statement and not know what he's talking about? Do your wajibat and help people as much as you can. And then after that he said if Allah asked you, he said tell him I told you to do that. You go to the Quran brothers. Every prophet you can see their priority after Allah is to serve people. Our Imams were the same thing. The best thing to do brothers is to help others. Let me go into some details brothers.  Tells us about when a person passes and dies and leaves this wall. And they go to Iyarafta. Some people do you want to come back? And Quran says about them. Allah sent me back. But Quran didn't say when they said maybe I would do good when I come back. But Quran didn't tell us what kind of good are they talking about? Salat, fasting, Hajj, Zakat, Homs. What are they talking about? Quran didn't mention that. But then Quran put another ayat to tell you what is it that they will hope to come back and do. And you will be surprised it's not fasting. It's not reading Quran. It's not even Salat. You know what they want to do? And Quran called them in Surat Al-Munafiqoon. He said if you would please give me some time so I can give Sadaqah help others with whatever I have that is the importance of giving helping people in this world. Our imams that is their priority. Imam Zayn al-Abideen after Salat al-Aisha he doesn't go to bed. He goes out helping people. Our imam Quran even said to us in many verses of the Quran not only that. Quran tells us Allah and His Messenger and those who believe and those who do Salat and give us Zakat. They always want to give others whatever they have. All the prophets you go to the Quran. Allah swt talks about them. Ibrahim Al-Khalil, Ibrahim will not go to bed every night unless he made sure that he serves someone. Every night he cooks and Ibrahim was a good cook too. You know that? He was a good cook. And Quran tells us about that. When the angel came Ibrahim what did he do? He cooked for them. And Quran said He brought them to eat. They are some food for you. Seven people. He said no. Why are you naive? That is Ibrahim Al-Khalil. Every night he will not go to bed unless he feeds someone. And something also to remember when you go to Najil Balagha, Imam Ali has a page that he talked about muhassaba. That every night before you go to bed you do muhassaba. And the muhassaba he tells you what to do. Part of the muhassaba he says that one of the things that he was recommending is to ask yourself who did you serve today? Who did you help today? And unfortunately sometimes when somebody comes asking for help we feel so bad. We think they bother in us. They disturb in us. You know what Imam Hussein alaihi salam said about this? Imam Hussein says It's a blessing that Allah has put some of the people's needs in your hands. Don't take it lightly and then it will deprive from you to somebody else. That is to tell us the importance of helping others. Being there for others. And when we say help it can be in any capacity you can. That is something should be part of our to-do list.


The program has been functioning for several years and it's helping faculty and staff in the indigenization process at the University of Saskatchewan. What I've noticed is that, and I've worked on campus since 2000 in different positions like faculty or with staff, and it's always been about trying to make the university a more comfortable place for students that are coming onto campus, and I'm originally from Stalin Mission in northern Saskatchewan, so for me coming on campus was a huge culture shock. And what we're trying to do now is move beyond making the university a more comfortable place for students, but also for faculty and staff in terms of retention and incorporating or bringing in Indigenous worldviews and Indigenous ways of knowing and being into the programming, into the courses that are offered here on campus. So when students come onto campus, they won't have as much of a culture shock because they'll be in a more receptive space and they'll be able to learn according to their worldview and they'll be able to see their values reflected in the material that is being presented to them. And part of the work that we do here at Guen Amos is helping the faculty create a safe space for students whether they're Indigenous or not Indigenous because of the issues that we see here in Saskatchewan. So none of the students come into a place where they feel culturally unsafe and they just go back home because they don't feel that they have a sense of belonging here. What we're noticing is that the faculty, majority of the faculty are still firmly entrenched in the Western knowledge paradigm and in terms of the way they learn and the way they teach. So we're ending up having to kind of be at the starting point to make sure that all faculty are at the same baseline of information. So that goes all the way from for them to learn about the history of First Nations is Métien Inuit in Saskatchewan, also in Canada and Indigenous people around the world. So right from the baseline which they should have had when through high school or elementary school that most of them didn't have. And then right to the next level where when they're in a class and there's these difficult conversations going on, how to maneuver it, how to handle the classroom situation to provide them the skills to do that. And it's also about the non-Indigenous faculty to really learn what privilege is about white privilege and how they see the world and to make sure that they don't inflict further oppression on the students or the people they come across and to really do a lot of self-reflecting and see where their worldview comes from and how it clashes or, you know, try and find that same level of understanding and appreciation of Western-based knowledge as well as Indigenous knowledge so they're both on the same level. One of Moss provides teaching and learning services to all faculty. So any new faculty they can contact us and there's other educational development specialists that will help them with curriculum writing and how to write learning objectives and all those things that are needed in terms of pedagogy and how to teach. So we're housed in the same institution in that we provide the same types of services in terms of pedagogy but from a Western, from an Indigenous perspective instead of Western. And the other services that we provide is because there's been this push for Indigenousization from senior admin at the university, all faculties, all departments, all colleges have now been mandated to put forward an Indigenousization strategy. So what we do is we work with departments and colleges who come to us and say, okay, we're ready and we start where they're willing to start so they have some input into the program so there's this sense of ownership. Because one of the things that I had to really think about seriously before coming here was when I started hearing about mandated courses that students, that all students had to take as an instructor who has stood in front of classes of 100 and 150 students and I'm like, I wouldn't want to be that instructor standing in front of 200, 300 students that were told they had to take an Indigenous Studies course with the racism that is in Saskatchewan and that has been, you know, generations, it's like that's not a very safe space to put that instructor. So when I started this position, that was one of the concerns I talked to with Stryker about and he said, Maria, our cultural advisor, Maria Campbell, said that we are never going to go put ourselves in a place of harm. So that was one of the caveats that I was really appreciative of. It's like we're not going to put ourselves in a place of risk where there's, you know, everybody has their defense walls up and it's like, I'm not colonized, I'm not a colonizer and I don't have any settler guilt and all this stuff. So in that sense, that's how we only work with those people that are ready to do the individualization work and that are ready to do the personal work that's necessary. Indigenous Voice is in the program with the library staff. So that was an 18-month program and they also did a program with the Arts and Science Academic Advisors. Right now we're working with St. Thomas More College faculty. So it's tailor-made but it also brings in all the different levels of information that the faculty would need to know or the staff would need to know and, you know, trying to copy as much of the Indigenous ways of knowing as possible.  They actually have homework so they have experiential learning components to it. So we're trying to, you know, do it in a multi-pronged way. We're now just starting the conversations with the Department of Community Health and Epidemiology. So we're going to meet with them for a full day in April and the first half day they're going to receive Indigenous content and then in the afternoon the faculty is going to work together and come up with an Indigenousization plan and Stryker and I will be facilitating the process so then we can tell them what's possible, what's not possible, what you need to do, where it's a good starting point. We don't want faculty to receive half a day of training and then say okay I'm ready to Indigenousize my course because that's not doable, right, and that's not the good way of trying to incorporate the knowledge that we're working with. A lot of the teachings is provided by Maria Campbell. So she's got this series of teachings as she calls the Circle Teachings. So that is the Indigenous content and then with St. Thomas More in February next week we're having an allyship panel. So we've thought of people who are good allies to Indigenous people that they know the boundaries of when to walk with Indigenous people and when you know to step back and say you know I can't speak on their behalf. So that will give the the STM faculty an appreciation of what makes a good ally. So we have those types of programs and like I said there really isn't anything specific that we use because they're all tailor-made based on where the the faculty or the staff are. What I'm working with here for Guanamoss is we're going to be looking at some of the tools that we use when we're talking about instructional development. So one of the key pieces of information that all faculty have to use when they're designing courses is learning objectives. How do you write a good learning objective? So there's this guy named Bloom who came up with these list of verbs that you use for writing objectives. So what we're going to do is we're going to indigenize Bloom which means we're going to you know kind of brainstorm and say okay this is not a good verb right in Indigenous knowledge. This is not a good verb and why is it always linear right? Why is it always step one, step two? Is there a way that we can make it more circular? So it's trying to find ways like that in terms of indigenizing tools that we use every day and it's about being creative. It's about decolonization and you know right now the term reconciliation is being thrown around like your tennis ball and what I keep on hearing from several people is that before you can have reconciliation you have to know the truth and the truth has been hidden from the majority of the population and even the some of the students that I've had both Indigenous and non-Indigenous, when I tell them about the history of residential schools they they're shocked. It's like I thought Canada was this beautiful country that was peaceful and I never knew this history about us so a lot of it is rewriting history so that our worldview and our history is incorporated into the the everyday knowledge system but it's also about making sure that our knowledge is not appropriated just like everything else that has been taken by Western knowledge systems and I've worked with elders and my field is healthcare and I remember one elder telling me that our medicine is the only thing we have left. They've taken everything else from us so what those elders words are have been the backbone of the work that I do in making sure that there there's a gatekeeper in terms of the knowledge and I think that's part of our roles here at Gwena Moss is making sure that the knowledge isn't appropriated and used inappropriately in classroom settings or other situations. 30 years down online one of the reasons why I took this position is because of the the teachings of every decision you make you have to think about the next seven generations and I have a grandson and he's two and a half years old so this is one of the reasons why I took this position so that when he comes to this university he will see himself as a creed man reflected in the knowledge that he's getting access to and I hope that within 30 years everyone who comes to the university whether as faculty staff or students who is Indigenous will feel as welcome as a student that enters into First Nations University of Canada and sees their you know their culture reflected everywhere they go so that's the dream and the hope is that regardless of what course Indigenous students take there will be Indigenous knowledge in the course reflected back at them. What I would really like to stress is that anybody who's been in education knows that standing in front of a lecture is the least effective way of teaching and that's been proven time and again so the work that we're doing we try and incorporate as many ways of learning as possible including land-based learning so right on campus on the other side of the native law center the university has given us that space so we're working on making it into a traditional garden so we've transplanted Indigenous plants and it's going to become a teaching area and there's a circle there so we're going to erect a teepee in there so we can actually have classes in that space or people can just go to that space to learn more about traditional medicines and trying to get people outside of the institution and you know reconnect them to the land to try and make that learning about how important land-based learnings are to Indigenous people so hoping that they can get some of that understanding.


Hello, my name is Dr Felix, a stroke neurologist and researcher at the University of Melbourne. My research focuses on stroke, which is a major disease that affects one Australian every 19 minutes. Unfortunately, it is also one of Australia's biggest killers. It kills more women than breast cancer, and more men than prostate cancer. What is a stroke? The brain is a major organ in the body that controls our thinking, speaking, and movement. Brain cells need a lot of energy, oxygen, and nutrients carried in the blood to function normally. And a stroke happens when there is a sudden change in the blood supply to the brain. This can happen in two main ways. The most common form of stroke is called ischemic stroke. This is when there is a sudden blockage to an artery in the brain from a clot.   Every minute counts. The second most common form is hemorrhagic stroke. This is when an artery breaks or bursts, causing bleeding inside the brain. And this form of stroke is also very dangerous because the blood that has leaked down can cause further damage by pressing on the surrounding brain cells and causing high pressure within the brain.  For example, if a stroke happens on the part of the brain that controls speaking, a person can experience problems when they try to talk. Because brain cells in adults generally do not regrow, most stroke sufferers commonly experience long-term or even permanent problems. Because of research, there is now proven and effective treatments for stroke. We can use clot-busting medication to dissolve the clot or use a small wire to precisely pull out the clot in a small procedure. These treatment work best when stroke is being treated as early as possible before there has been too much irreversible damage. An artery is also sometimes used to reduce pressure in the brain after a stroke. Caring for stroke sufferers in the dedicated hospital ward by a team of experienced stroke doctors, nurses, physiotherapists, speech pathologists, occupational therapists and dietician as well as rehabilitation physicians and social workers are also very important to help stroke sufferers recover. After a stroke, it is important to find out why the stroke has happened and especially how can we prevent another stroke happening. Some of the treatment that helps to prevent stroke include blood thinners, blood pressure and cholesterol lowering medications and of course making healthy life changes such as staying active, quitting smoking and having a balanced diet will also reduce the risk of having another stroke. It is only through research that scientists are able to develop new treatments for stroke. Australian stroke researchers have found many important discoveries in the last few decades that has helped stroke sufferers. Some of the studies and experiments that Australian scientists are currently working on include how to make clot busting medication and clot extraction surgery more effective, how to lessen injury after brain bleeding, how to deliver stroke treatments earlier and to more patients, how to recover arm leg function and speaking better and how to reduce unwanted side effects of stroke such as seizure and tiredness. My research focuses on using advanced MRI and CT scans to understand why complications such as dangerous swelling and unexpected bleeding occurs after treatment so that in the future we may be able to predict prevent and reverse these complications to help stroke sufferers.