I'd like to call the City of Columbia Planning Commission for August 11th, 2022 into session. Welcome to Planning Commission members, staff, and guests. We ask for your patience during this meeting. Multiple staff members are here today. Those include Lucinda Statler, Planning Administrator, Hope Hasty, Zoning Administrator, Jonathan Chambers, Land Development Administrator, and Andrew Livinggood, Annexation Coordinator. The public may stream the meetings through City TV accessed at www.youtube.com slash user slash Columbia SC government. If you're watching the meeting via City TV, you will see live images or still images of Planning Commission members and the administrator. However, images of the applicant and the public will not be visible. The public has had the opportunity to submit letters and statements via email to COCPC at columbiasc.gov until noon the day before the meeting. Emails and letters received by this deadline have been forwarded to the Commission. If you are here today and would like to speak about a case, please provide your name clearly into the microphone, and please be sure to sign in either at the back of the room or at the podium for documentation purposes. If you're here today to speak about a case, you must speak up when the chairperson calls for public comment. I'll call the roll. Mr. Cawsey, Mr. Cook, Ms. Davis, Ms. Hartz, Mr. Frost. Here. We have a quorum. Okay, I'll give a brief overview, a brief review of the meeting format. Applicants with a request before the Planning Commission are allotted a presentation time of 10 minutes. This time should include but is not limited to an overview of the project, the case history, and any pertinent meetings held regarding the request. This time also includes all persons presenting information on behalf of the applicant, such as attorneys, engineers, and architects. This time limit does not include any questions asked by the Planning Commission or staff regarding the requests. During the public comment period, members of the general public are given an opportunity to address their concerns in intervals of two minutes. After the public comment period, applicants have five minutes to respond. Once the Planning Commission begins to liberation, no additional comments will be permitted by the applicant or the public. The administrator does have a timer and will make presenters aware of when their time has expired. The Planning Commission reserves the right to amend these procedures on a case-by-case basis. Are there any changes to the agenda? There is one change to the agenda since publication. Case number three, which was a zoning map amendment, ZMA-2022-0012 at 2470 Millwood Avenue, and several properties on Cherry Street has been deferred to next month. Thank you. The Planning Commission uses the consent agenda to approve non-controversial or routine matters by a single motion and vote. Examples of such items include approval of site plans, annexations, and street names. If a member of the Planning Commission or the general public wants to discuss an item on the consent agenda, you must speak up after the consent agenda is read. Then that item is removed from the consent agenda and considered during the regular meeting. The Planning Commission then approves the remaining consent agenda items. The only two items on the consent agenda this afternoon are the approval of the June 9th and the July 14th, 2022 minutes. Okay, is there anyone from Planning Commission or the public that would like to remove this item from the consent agenda? Hearing none, I'll accept a motion. Chairman, I'll make a motion that we accept the consent agenda. Got a motion to approve consent agenda. Can I get a second? Got a motion and a second. All in favor signify by saying aye. Aye. Any opposed say no. The ayes have it. The motion is approved. The Planning Commission will now move forward with those items on the regular agenda. We'll use the following outline for regular agenda items. The administrator will introduce the case. The applicant will have 10 minutes to make a presentation. Planning Commission may ask questions. The public comment period will be open to those present. The public comment period will then be closed. The applicant will have five minutes to respond to the public comments. The Planning Commission may ask additional questions of the applicant. Deliberate an action by Planning Commission will then take place. Once the Planning Commission begins deliberation, no additional comments will be permitted by the applicant or the public. That's going to bring us to item number two, which is S plan 2022-0013, which is 400 block of Gervais Street, the 1100 block of Huygis Street, the 400 block of Senate Street, and the 1100 block of Williams Street, various TMS numbers. And this is a request for site plan approval for the construction of a 145,000 square foot hotel and parking garage, homeward suites and true name in Gervais LC. This project was before the Planning Commission on July the 14th, 2022, and was deferred since then. The project has received approval from the Design Development Review Commission at the July 21st, 2022 meeting with the condition that staff work with the applicant to clarify South Carolina Department of Transportation requirements and access to the garage. On July 27th, staff met with the developer and representatives from the South Carolina Department of Transportation. During the meeting, it was determined that the proposed site plan provides the safest and most advisable access points to the site when taking into consideration all the existing conditions. And should the Planning Commission be inclined to grant the approval of the site plan, staff would request that the Commission grant approval subject to staff comments. I believe the applicant as president can explain their case. Okay, any questions before we have the applicant come before us for any presentation? Any questions for staff? I think, you know, one question that I did have was in regards to, you know, one of the comments I received late last month as it relates to the overlay of the Inavista. Were y'all able to look at that and give any explanation of how that impacts the current zoning? We did, and of course the request was reviewed by the Design Development Review Commission and the DDRC approved the plan. Okay. All right. Is the applicant present? Would you like to come before I make any presentation? My name is Craig Otto. I'm the architect for the project. I appreciate you seeing us again today. I don't need to go into much of the detail about what the project is. You already know that. It's a seven-story hotel project, dual brand, homeward suites and true hotel. And there's approximately close to 400 parking spaces in a parking garage at the corner of Williams and Senate. As Mr. Chambers reminded you, it was brought before the Planning Commission a couple of months ago, deferred. And as I understand it, one of the reasons it was deferred was you wanted to see what DDRC had to say about it. Prior to that, the DDRC had deferred it to find out more about the information about the parking garage. So since that time, we did develop all the design and plans for the parking garage, presented that to the DDRC. And they found that the project substantially met the requirements of the Innovista design guidelines. We got an unanimous approval from DDRC with conditions. Conditions were listed in the moat. The biggest one was discussing the project with SCDOT to see if there were any other alternatives. And while there might be potential alternatives, none of them are feasible, and none of them are logical for this project, and none of them are any safer than what we've already designed. I'd like to point out too that much has been made about the fact that this project probably doesn't meet 100% of the requirements or, rather, guidelines in the overlay guideline stipulations for this Innovista district. But please keep in mind that those are guidelines. They're not in ordinance. They're not demands. They're not requirements. To read from the actual guidelines, the intent of the design guidelines is not to restrict creative architecture, but rather to guide development to ensure it contributes positively to the Innovista district and to Columbia's larger city center. To this end, the guidelines are not exhaustive or formuleic, but are intended to help new developments meet the principles of pedestrian-friendly quality urban development. Now, we believe we've met all those requirements, and DDRC believes we have as well, because they voted unanimously to approve the project as presented with some minor conditions. So I did want to point out the fact that these guidelines are helpful in establishing where we started and where we went, but they aren't the same thing as the ordinance. We meet all of the requirements of the zoning ordinance and any other ordinances that are more or less law for the project. I'd like to, if I may, also read a couple of letters, which I'll be glad to leave with you, because it's sort of for the evidence here. From the Smart State Center of Economic Excellence and Tourism, they support the project by stating that hospitality and tourism play an essential role in the economy of South Carolina. It's the main economic contributor to the economy in our state. When it comes to the city of Columbia and the Vista area, this hotel development has been official for a number of reasons. The project, this type project, has been needed for some time in Columbia, which has been lagging behind Greenville and Charleston and hotel space, making it often difficult for larger groups to hold conventions and special events and concerts. In addition, the accommodations tax will be collected that can be utilized further for development, making the Vista in the city of Columbia more desirable. Lastly, a property like this will provide much needed employment opportunities attracting talent from across the state. I'd also like to read a brief letter from a business one block away from our development to pre-catering and Senate's end event venue. Craig, please share with the City of Columbia Planning Commission in today's hearings our support for their approval of the development of the Homewood Suites and True Hotel. After 15 years of operating at Senate's end, we believe this development and our catering business will enjoy a mutually positive relationship in which business and wedding travelers can find accommodations and event venues in close proximity. So we have support of local businesses and economic development folks. I'd like to also point out a note that's been made a few times about access to streets. Gervais and UG would normally be the preferred streets that development like this accesses. But we met with DOT and their traffic engineer has told us that while there might be other options none of them are good because they actually make the intersection of UG and Gervais more the traffic heavier and the potential situation less safe than it is now. And we have an email from Mr. Friedenall who stated that given the configuration of Gervais and the proximity to the signal any additional access will cause an increase in turn and weave conflicts likely increasing delay. He's specifically referring to the delay of traffic at Gervais and at UG at that particular intersection which we all know is a major, major intersection. He says the project as a whole is likely to cause an increase in traffic to Senate and Williams regardless of the location of the access. Westbound traffic on Gervais and northbound traffic on UG will have to make U-turns or utilize Williams and Senate to access site to gain access to Gervais and UG. Relocating the driveways to Gervais or UG doesn't decrease the traffic that will inevitably happen on Williams and Senate. The bottom line on what he stated at the end was he said based on our review of the site plan we currently recommend that access to Senate and or Williams be pursued in preference of any access to Gervais or UG. Any access. Right turn, left turn, access, shared driveways, anything. They recommend that there be no increase in traffic at all under UG or Gervais with this development. So the locations of the driveways we have currently are the preferred locations by DOT who controls UG and Gervais. So those are some very important points. Also Williams and Senate Street you've heard mentioned A streets and B streets. You should access A streets not B streets. Senate is in fact a B Street. Williams is not listed as a street at all in the in the overlaid guidelines. So there are no restrictions to access to Williams Street at all. So and I have I have no idea how any additional traffic here would cause any more safety concerns than any other development would cause. In fact a hotel has less traffic than many many developments such as grocery stores or convenience stores, fast food restaurants, name just about anything and it's going to have more traffic and create a more serious traffic situation than a hotel development. So having said all that we think that this development is is not only a benefit to Columbia it's benefit to the whole area. You know that client decline property is going to be developed one day that's going to be it can't help but to be a major development. This is a major piece of property that's very costly piece of property that it can't be expected of a developer to develop a property to half its potential when they've got the kind of money invested in it that they have. They have to they have to make use of this property to the best of its ability. One other note it's been mentioned that it could block the view of the state house and and if you go across the west Columbia side you can see the state house but as soon as you start coming across your Bay Street Bridge you can no longer see the state house at all. So our development is not going to hide that so there's I don't believe that that's a consideration in this in this case. So we are certainly looking forward to your approval today. Let us know if we have any questions for. Thank you. Any questions from planning commission to the applicant? Mr. Chair I do. I just want to follow up on a question concerning the traffic study. If I understood you correctly you stated that there would be no increase on traffic on Jervay and Hugo Street. So what is the proposed entrance and exit for the hotel? I don't know that I stated that there would be no increase in traffic on Jervay and Hugo Street. I apologize. And I'm not I'm not the developer of the traffic study so that somebody else and more knowledgeable have to answer that. But what was the follow-up question? The question is with the hotel where it's located on William Street what would be your proposal in terms of how your guests will enter and exit to the hotel? The main entrance is approximately right in the middle of William Street go down the block and off of Jervay turn right go down the street about halfway and turn left. You'll be going into a parking into a driveway that if you go a little further into the to the left you'd be behind the hotel parking the covered driveway area and check in. Then assume and there's a few parking spaces there but not enough for the hotel. So assuming you're check it in and you need to go park you're then going to get in your car and drive across the property into the directly into the parking garage you don't have to enter back on the William Street or Senate Street again. So you drive into the parking garage and park and that's the main traffic. Now once you're checked in and you go and you leave and you come back you might drive around Williams or Senate and come into the parking garage that way but you can still enter the parking garage from from the backside of the hotel. My last question then is if I understood correct and you can correct me on this as well but I understand that the whole property would not be developed at this time. Is that correct? That is correct. There's a parcel that's left on the on UG Street for future development that's undetermined at this time. So the staff when we if we approve this then we are approving the future development of that property as well. The proposal today does not include the building at the corner of on UG Street. Okay and there is no building there. It's obviously it's an empty lot now and it's going to remain an empty lot through the development of the hotel and the garage. Don't know I don't know what's going to happen in the future. That's years off. Okay. Alright thank you very much. Thank you for that. Any other questions from Planning Commission? To the applicant? Thank you. Thanks sir. Is that mine? Thank you. Okay we will now open for public comment. Thank you very much for allowing me to speak. Yes. My name is Dr. Michael Eugino. I live in City Club. My residence is at 1104 Giss Street. I have one question for the Commission. Has anyone here physically driven to the site? Driven down UG, Senate, Williams and Jervais. And if you have you'll know that it's impossible during rush hour to take a left out of Senate Street and a left out of William Street. Has anybody driven down to the site here on the Planning Commission? Physically? Yes. Yes. Ms. Hartz? Ms. Davis? Yes I have. Commissioner Frost? Yes I have. Thank you. Thank you. Hello my name is Charles Ledecker. What I want to start with is the issue of vehicle access to the site. As you've heard DDRC approved the application on the condition that staff work with the applicant and DOT to clarify requirements for access to the garage. Key word is requirements. So staff held the meeting on July 27th with and the staff memo that came out after that meeting did not say a word about requirements. Instead of a clear statement the DOT would not allow entrances on Jervais and Hugee. The memo presents irrelevant and false arguments supporting the current plan to put entrances on Senate and William Street in violation of the innovative design district guidelines. We had been led to believe both by the developer and DDRC staff that DOT would not allow access on Jervais and Hugee streets. But it's now clear that the entrance on Williams and Senate Street is not an actual requirement it's a preference. So I prepared an alternate vehicle access plan I submitted to the commission yesterday and it shows a side-by-side comparison of two ways to get in and out of the site. The staff memo compares claims that the current plan would be safer but that doesn't hold up to analysis. Compared to the alternate plan the current plan would require more overall turns, more left turns and more left turns across major arterials. There's also a plan future bicycle track on this narrow stretch of William Street and that's going to add to the risk of accidents. The staff memo and the district engineer also made a claim that dangerous U-turns would be required to access entrances on Jervais and Hugee streets and if you look at these access diagrams that's completely false. We fundamentally disagree with the idea that it's preferable to add high volume new traffic to neighborhood streets rather than using the existing high-volume arterials. I hope the commissioners are going to take a close look and do their due diligence before making a decision today. Thank you. Thank you, thank you sir. Good afternoon, my name is Marquetta Kovickova. I just wanted to state few facts about the hospitality and tourism and the importance of the industry for the state of South Carolina and City of Columbia itself. Some of the numbers were previously mentioned but I just want to say that the hospitality and tourism industry provides over 270,000 jobs in South Carolina. It is one of the most important industries for the state of South Carolina after agriculture. Some additional facts that I want to point out that in 2018 every hundred thousand dollars spent by domestic travel directly supported one job. So it is very important the development of hospitality and tourism again for the state of South Carolina. When it comes to tax revenue every dollar spent by domestic travel produced 14.6 cents in tax receipts for federal, state, and local government. Also an additional hospitality tax will be collected from every visitors that states. These funds can be utilized by the city and by the Vista area to develop further projects that benefits the tourists but also the local residents if it's just bike paths or additional lightings etc. So again I just want to point out how important the hospitality and tourism industry is important for the state of South Carolina. Thank you ma'am. I'm Paul Gaffney. I live at 1112 Gistry in the City Club. Mr. Chairman, commissioners, thank you very much. The proposed site plan in the city analysis hereof disregards several key principles in the city development ordinance about which we've written before. But more importantly it substantially violates several key articles in the Inavista guidelines which as you know are the senior development rules in the Inavista district. You have heard from us and read volumes from us from architects, property developers, and managers, a university president, lawyers, physicians who have made big decisions on big developments, successful CEOs, and financial businessmen, not amateurs of this, about the non-compliance. Violations of articles 113, 112, 124, 201, and 302 are a big deal for us.  It is an, Williams is an A3. If you read the plan, the master plan, on page 31, and you look at the diagram, Williams Street is renamed the Congaree Congaree River Parkway, and the Congaree River Parkway is called since 2007 an A Street. Suitable for occasional automobile traffic and focused on pedestrian and bicycle traffic. And that road narrows down to two nine foot lanes, which is fine for the normal, the purpose that's intended, and it protects the Girl Scouts, and the ordinance that the city passed to protect the Girl Scouts. But it does not allow commercial traffic or service vehicles day in and day out. Can go on and on about the traffic analysis. Let me just say, let me just conclude by saying, commissioners please, if you choose not to enforce the ruling guidelines, especially those that relate to traffic and to the specific site, then you are de facto repealing the guidelines, something that the council put in place. That predicts chaos and problems with every single future application that will come before you. Thank you very much. Thank you. I'm Carolyn Lee Decker. I also live at City Club on William Street, and you're hearing here today the many reasons why this proposed hotel plan should be denied. It's not because we don't want a hotel or any other business on that property. It is simply that the proposal does not meet the requirements of the Anavista guidelines. Yes, the property is zoned for commercial use. However, the zoning does allow for a hotel, but it does not require it to be a 95-foot tall one. The guidelines, however, do require the hotel to fit into the character and the size of the building surrounding it, which in this case, they are two and three story structures. But the planning staff says, okay, we'll let you skip that requirement.  But again, the planning staff say, okay, we'll let you skip that requirement. Also, the guidelines require that the garage be cited in the middle of the block, but the developer wants to put it at the corner of the block where it will face two A streets. So once again, the planning staff says, okay, you can skip that requirement as well. I could go on, but I hope you get my point. Why is violating the requirements for this hotel, although other City Club, Publix, McDonald's, Girl Scouts, and other businesses had to follow those guidelines. They were requirements for us, and we followed them. If the guidelines are not followed, why do we even have them? We would like an answer, and please vote to send this back to the drawing board. Thank you. Thank you, ma'am. Good afternoon. I'm Rebecca McMillan, and I reside at 315 Senate Street with my husband. We bought a home in City Club. We moved here because we desired an urban experience. We welcomed new development and were assured by the fact that Columbia was in a planning mode for future developmental growth protected by the innovative guidelines and overlay. This protection provided an arts district, pedestrian, bike-friendly, and design-compatible environment. Taxes were higher, but we thought the protection offered by these guidelines provided intrinsic rewards to mitigate the extra expense. If this hotel is approved, the Vista Peninsula will become the wild west of development. Isn't that a misuse of precious former taxpayer dollars? City officials paid to develop the plan a few years, and a few years later, it's ignored and abandoned with no transparency, nor open forum for discussion among the citizens, just manipulated out of existence. We traverse these streets every day, and to dump the hotel patrons out on Williams Street will create the exact thing the development does not want on his property. It just moves his congestion from his premises to Williams, a narrow little street proposed as a back lane for further exacerbating the safety issue. Let's call it like it is. This proposed hotel with its non-interior parking garage generating approximately 1,200 vehicle trips per day does not significantly make the guidelines. In fact, it violates them and manipulates them to get a predetermined desired outcome. I hope not. Several years ago, I remember a call for suggestions for a catchy motto for Columbia. We will now have it if you do not send this back to the developer for a massive redesign to fit all components of the guidelines. Columbia, where we bait and switch, is that going to be our new guideline? If you value what we promise, your time is up. Thank you. Thank you very much. Yes, ma'am. Thank you. Yes, sir. I'm Wade Kauffman and I reside at 1125 Williams Street. I was also the developer on the city club. When I developed the city club, I worked with the same city staff here, and I was required to follow the guidelines. So why was I required to follow the guidelines? There's two things they're presenting here, and that's the DOT. I could have, and I was required to change our entrances from the front to the rear. Now, why was I required to do that? Because I could have made more money had I not put the entrances on the rear and had asphalt in the back. But I was required to do that because we have urban design guidelines. But why is this not being done here? Show me one seven-story building, name one, other than the Hilton Hotel, which is a planned development with the convention center. I also want to ask the Ms. Davis asked about future development. Are you aware that there is an underlying plan development there? Are y'all aware of that? Are you aware? No. Why would they build a 441-spot garage for a 250-room hotel? Because there's a master plan to put a large-scale student housing on Hugh G Street. Hence why the hotel has not even been drawn to put there. You guys have already pre-approved a hotel to go on Hugh G. and Senate where the old Christ's nursing was. This would be compatible per the guidelines. So why does everyone else follow the guidelines? But this hotel is not being suggested to follow the guidelines. I'm a bit baffled by that because I've lost money if that's if the rules are changing and if you set a precedent for us developers that we can do anything we want to do what does that say for our city? The integrity that was proposed in 2006, passed in 2018 with the redevelopment of the innovative design line, was the integrity of what our city future in the future of our city and I'm asking you to please do the right thing and follow the integrity of the guidelines and think about what the truth and transparency of these guidelines. Thank you. Thank you. I'm John Taylor, live at 1127 William Street. I'm a retired architect. I served on this commission for six years and I know you've got a hard decision coming up but you've heard people talking about how this project violates guidelines but you also heard the staff say that substantially meets the guidelines. Well, I contend that it substantially violates the guidelines but this could all be resolved pretty simply. It would take a little bit of work and I've done a sketch being an architect. I did a little sketch I think I presented it last time that was with some redesign. This building could be this hotel could be put on Hugh G Street. It would work if there was some design revisions. Also, I asked that I wonder why we've got a parking garage twice as big as it needs. So I'm asking you to send this back to the drawing board relocate the hotel on Hugh G Street and build a parking garage half the size of their proposal which would meet the requirements of the hotel. Thank you. Thank you. Good afternoon. My name's Jay McKay and I live across the street from this proposed development at City Club. I certainly want this property developed but I want it developed in such a way that it will enhance downtown Columbia and enhance the future growth of Columbia. What you're doing here is so important because it will determine what the prime best-looking corridor into Columbia is which is coming across the Gervais Street. What it will look like for the next 10, 20, 30 years. So it's a very important thing. We believe that this development doesn't comply with the Intervista guidelines. It does not enhance the vista. It will not enhance Columbia. What's planned is a lower budget, lower end extended stay hotel, and you saw the block up there on UG Street and a very large student housing. Columbia's got plenty of student housing. It may need more hotels but the future of Columbia, I live down there. None of my kids live in Columbia. All my siblings, my family's been here for 150 years. They've all moved away and the students that come here, they all move away. We've got a real problem with the development of the city because we don't have that growth engine here of the 22 to the 40 year olds. They're in Greenville, they're in Charlotte, they're in Rodley. When I grew up, Rodley, Charlotte, Greenville, Charleston were all roughly the same size as Columbia. Charlotte was 10,000 people more. Look at it now. People go there, they stay there, they made it a great place to live. The Intervista plan is a good plan. The city spent hundreds of thousands of dollars to get one of the premier architecture firms in the world to give us a plan and it's a good plan. Other people have been required to adhere to that plan. This does not belong on William Street.  You're talking about... I'm sorry. Thank you. Thank you for the application. Thank you. Thank you. Good afternoon Chairman Frost and the commission members. My name is Ted Fenner. Good afternoon. I live at 311 Senate Street with my wife which is the City Club. The proposed project is a dramatic test of the Intervista master plan. 90 pages endorsed by City Council October 17th 2007 and its corresponding Intervista Design District guidelines 21 pages April 2009 updated 2018. The proposal contains significant violations that you previously heard about from other concerned citizens. The planning guidelines of which the proper development of Columbia's 500 acre Intervista District relies. Recent connection, paving, traffic signal installation at UG and Green Streets, extension of sidewalks, part development west of the Congrary River. The Intervista District is just beginning to emerge as the 22 member Waterfront Staring Committee and the internationally recognized urban planner Sasaki Associates envisioned in 2007. Not meeting these guidelines will set a dangerous precedent future hedging of the master plan. Please give due consideration to the City's forward-thinking endorsement of the Intervista master plan and ensure this project implies fully with its guidelines and recommendations. For Columbia to best attract businesses, residents and visitors, the Intervista District must become an admired gateway to the City. This critical test of the master plan will be observed by all who desire those ends. Thank you. Thank you sir. Anyone else in the audience present that would like to speak for or against this project? Hearing none I'll close public comment and offer the applicant to report anything else they may want to report. Sure, yes sir. Thank you again for letting me come up. I'd like to point out that the project is not a low-budget, low-end hotel. The developer doesn't spend tens of millions of dollars on a low-budget, low-end hotel. It's going to be a very, very nice hotel, a hotel that any of you would be glad to stay in. I would like to point out in spite of public comments that were made here, the city staff present here in all of the departments that report to you have all given the project their approval. They've all and DDRC in fact has provided us a letter of approval. We have their approval. Plenty of development services, utilities, traffic, engineering, fire department, forestry, stormwater, parking services, street division and solid waste have all recommended approval to you today. The folks here, while they obviously have good intentions, they're implying that the city staff has been and DDRC as well has been derelict in their duties and that they have not applied the principles of the guidelines to this project which they have because they've stated so that the project substantially meets requirements of the inovistic guidelines and again it's guidelines and certainly we're trying to comply with all the guidelines we can and we have complied with most all of them. I'd like to point out that there are a number of streets listed in the design guidelines that are a streets and b streets. William Street is not a listed a street or the street which everyone can't think of which one it is now but in other words William Street is not a listed street. Senate Street is William Street is not. The future development, we don't have any idea what the future development is. The parking garage has been designed to accommodate both the hotel and whatever potential future development there might be. It's in the parking garage is intended to to service the needs of this property no other property. I'd like to also point out the fact that the guidelines state that a parking garage should be located in the core of a block which is certainly true but if you don't own the whole block how can you put the parking garage in the middle of block. The parking garage is too large to put anywhere other than either right in the middle of the block or at one of the corners or one of the streets. McDonald's owns a quarter of the property we can't do anything about that. The parking garage cannot fit into the corner of the property. It just physically cannot and that's all of my notes. Thank you. Thank you. I'm Mike Ridgeway and I'm the traffic engineer on the project and I just wanted to make the point with regards to the access that I agree with SCDOT that no new access should be allowed on Javay or Hugh G Street. Those are major roadways and in my profession we try to reduce new conflict points to major roadways and that's why DOT prefers and I prefer to have access to Senate Williams Street and there's no scenario where an access point to Javay or Hugh G Street would meet DOT guidelines from a separation standpoint. All right any other response from the applicant? Good. Any follow-up questions from planning commission or staff or for the applicant? Are we ready to make a motion? Here are no comments or further questions. I'll accept the motion. Got a motion to approve as stated with city comments. Can I get a second? I'll second. Got a motion and a second. Mr. Chairman before you make that make that motion and do the vote is that with staff comments? As stated yeah. Just wanted to clarify that. Got a motion to approve with staff comments. Got a second. All in favor signify by saying aye. Aye. Any opposed say no. The ayes have it the motion passes. Just real quick I will mention under other business there the city playing in development services department is starting to publish a monthly report this is going to be on our website so we encourage you to go and look at that and it will be published every month and our annual report which you may remember from last year will be published next month so keep your eyes peeled but it'll just post some statistics and web boards and commissions and staff have been up to and get some development information so please look out for that. That's all we've got tonight. All right no other business I'll accept the motion that we adjourned.  Second. All in favor signify by saying aye. Aye. Any opposed say no. The ayes have it the meeting is adjourned.


What's going on guys? It's your boy DPJ here today with another Destiny video and in today's Destiny video we have top 5 fake reactions to loot drops. Now I know it seems a bit crazy that someone would fake a reaction to get into a video but it seems as though that is the case and I actually wasn't going to even do this video. I put out a tweet last week saying and I was actually joking when I said it. I stated I should do a top five fake reactions because the amount I get submitted is unreal and a lot of you guys basically shouted at me telling me to do the video would be absolutely epic so here it is guys this is just for you guys. Now some of these clips may not be completely faked but they are definitely overreacted just in my opinion though if you think differently be sure to let me know down below in that comment section. If your clip is in this top five and you didn't fake your reaction I apologise but to me all of these sounds over the top and a little iffy but that's just me. Hope you guys enjoyed the video do drop a like I do appreciate the support and I'll catch you on the next one.  There she rockets! Don't you rockets. Don't you rockets. You'll die. Or nades. Whatever. Yes, killed him this time. I don't know what I got.


Hello everybody and welcome to video number 24 of the online version of the fusion research lecture We are in chapter 4 particle trajectories and in the last video we talked about Particle trajectories in a stellarator field and in this video We will talk about the influence of a rage electric field on the trajectories both in talker mark and stellarator so we will talk about the influence of Radial Electric field now a Radial electric field and you might not be surprised by that Induces drifts on a flux surface You know you have the E cross B drift so every time when you have an electric field and a magnetic field Which we always have a magnetic field in a toroidal confinement experiment this electric field induces drift So a radial electric field now Induces Drifts on the flux surface and Radial electric field can for example be created as we will see by fast losses of electrons as compared to ions so if you have initially more electron losses than ions and a Radial electric field builds up and we will discuss that in one of the next videos But for now we just discuss the influence of such a radio electric field so if We have to write a symmetry like in a talker mark so add toroidal symmetry Then the toroidal drift component is not of interest then the toroidal Drift component is not of interest however There is also a poor loyal drift component There's also a poor loyal drift Component as we have Tilted magnetic field as you know, so there's a poor little drift component and this can induce or rather influence The particle trajectories Particle trajectories Strongly that's what it's the Poor loyal drift component. We are looking at D for drift and then theta the poor loyal component That is given by the radial electric field Over the B phi so the toroidal magnetic field Okay Let's try To explain that with the drawing so again, we try to draw a poor loyal cross section Example like this and then elongated into this direction Longated into this direction Then here we have the center somewhere Then going down here is the That's the radio coordinate and then we have Particles sitting somewhere here Which moves along a magnetic? Oh well, if the corresponding magnetic field line then looks like this Right going around the torus here So this is B the magnetic field line and then the particle here has the Parallel component Oops a parallel velocity component The parallel Which is as you can see hopefully along the magnetic field line and It has also assuming now we have a radio electric field So assuming now we have a radio electric field. So something which points somewhere to the center So this continues here So this is a radio electric field And now e cross B leads to a Drift component Which is in this Coordinated system pointing downwards Has a drift component pointing downwards and of course it also has a Poor loyal velocity component pointing upwards. So if we were to Project this this area here As sorry to this yeah to this area here to this poor loyal cross-section then we have Velocity component here pointing upwards of the particle itself So this is v theta the particles velocity component and then We also have a velocity Opponent has sorry a vector pointing downwards and this is the drift of the induced Poloidal drift component of the e cross B Drift from the radio electric field Yes, so as a reminder u d theta is given by the radial electric field over the Poloidal sorry the toroid magnetic field and as you might have already guessed a critical critical situation arises if the drift the Poloid drift component Cancels out the thermal Motion component the thermal the particles thermal motion component v theta That would correspond to v theta being v parallel over Be theta over be By the parallel so this is just rearranged the equation where you can write v theta over v parallel is equal to be theta over v Parallel and be parallel is v phi so here we have then be Getting them this equation and again as a reminder be theta is much smaller than v phi Just as a reminder. Yeah, so this is our typical talk amok situation and now the Drift induced velocity is given above oops. Sorry is given above here and if the thermal particle motion is now Given by that velocity component by er Over be phi which is roughly be this situation is then called Toroidal resonance. This is what we call Toroidal resonance and for that case the resonant radiated electric field It's just by rearranging the equation v theta times Sorry v parallel times v theta Which then is approximately? epsilon b phi Yota bar v parallel so this is the Toroidal resonance of the electric field is strong enough such that the Resciting Poloidal component of the drift velocity cancels out the thermal Poloidal Component where the thermal sorry the polar component of the thermal motion of the particle, okay now um The resonant This Toroidal resonance the electrical Resulting or corresponding field eras is critical for The particle confinement is critical for the particle confinement and that is both in Stellarator and Tokamak both in Stellarator And Tokamak Because now the particles Do not Make or no longer make the full Poloidal turn They're basically staying at one polo angle because the their poloidal Velocity component with they initially had is cancelled out by this rate electric field induced drift velocity and this means that the grad B induced drift or We are the diameter to drift as we discussed it is no longer Canceled out. It's not compensated which is usually achieved by the twist of magnetic field, right and This means we get kind of open orbits These are referred often to as open orbits because they end up at the vessel wall So we get open orbits similar Where they are not close to the orbits open orbits similar to The helically trapped particles to helically trapped particles This means Direct particle Losses can occur. So this is something to be aware of but This is not the end of the story. So but the Poloidal drift component can have beneficial influence it can have beneficial influence on Helically trapped particles so in a stellar a town helically trapped Particles Occurring in the stellar as you know Can be in that sense beneficial for them helping the particles that they escape sort of escape Their poloidal trapping condition their Poloidal Trapping condition and we will discuss that in more detail in one of the next videos So for now, let's look at the basic requirement for that. So the requirement is that the lost time that the lost time due to the grad B drift is larger than the Poloidal transit time and The Poloidal transit time due to due to the Poloidal drift component Yeah, I'll cross be drift Which we previously have written as UDC and In if we want to write that in a bit more formal way the lost time due to the grad B drift Can be estimated by the minor radius a Over the residing or the corresponding drift velocity and this should be larger than 2 pi a so one poloidal circumference and Then B over er so over the resulting drift velocity in the inverse of it And now inserting for the drift velocity the approximation And we have here the temperature Rather the energy as you know q r0 B we insert that and We find the expression that the radial electric field has to be larger than 2 pi The energy of the particle the temperature Over q r0 and if this is fulfilled If this is fulfilled then Helically trapped Particles are Not lost Are not lost. Yeah, so this is a very important Fact for a stellarator Having said that let's now have a look at a stellarator So this is W7x color coded again the magnetic field strength So let's have a look at this video so the magnetic field is kind of unfolded here We only look at one period And we will see now one particle which is helically trapped But instead of leaving the confinement region this helically trapped particle just bounces around so the Resulting radially electric. Sorry radio electric field in the Stellarator and W7x leads to a Turning around of the particle which is not lost So this is a strong enhancement in the performance or lead to a strong enhancement in the performance So here you can see it so this is was a simulation for W7x Illustrating how to reduce or illustrating that we can reduce the loss of Helically trapped Particles by a Radial electric field and this is then also called an optimized stellarator because these Losses are strongly reduced which we had in the original stellarator design Okay, that's it for this video where we talked about the influence of a radial electric field We will talk about more how this feed is created in one of the next videos For now, you should have learned that there are electric field of course can lead to drifts and this drift Can be important if the drift velocity The polo drift velocity component is the same as the polo thermal motion component Then we speak of a toroidal resonance partless can get lost then in a stellarator However, the radio electric field can also be beneficial because it can help to reduce the losses of helically trapped particles Illustrated in this movie here by for example turning the motion of the particles basically poloedly around so that they are no longer lost That's it for this video. Hope to see you in the next video


So, we'll have lower body tension and then we'll have upper body tension. And the key is when we wind, you're going to want to see tension. So, we always ask this at our camps, how many people understand separation, how many people understand stretch reflex and how many people don't understand that. When you look at drills, you're trying to set up that separation component and that's what's going to create tension. You want tension in the right spot. A lot of athletes will create tension in the wrong spot and then they don't feel the throw right, then technical development is incorrect. We want to feel tension. A lot of times when we do this with a band, so people are used to a PVC, right, and they kind of put it on, they put a PVC in and they move and it's going to help create separation so I think a tool is good for that. So what we want to do, we want to understand, so when we put a band on, one of the things that we're trying to do is create tension and we want to notice the shoulder position. Sometimes you get kids who do this kind of thing, you basically they get tight and that's going to shorten them up. You have to be able to stretch. We want to understand just simple tension, creating the right tension on the arm. So by extending and keeping the shoulders here, right, versus up here, I have an athlete who throws like this and that shortens everything up and that's where the bands really come in. Okay, so we're going to look at shoulder separation. So rotational throws of course, what do we have? We have two types of separation in the discus, shoulders and hips and we have arm shoulders. So if I'm going to kind of aim this way and you're going to see that I'm going to be here. The key is like you were talking here, you have arms, legs, lower body, right, upper body. So where's tension here and where's tension on the lower body? So we use double bands, right? So that's why we put them in a pack because these are also super simple to tote around. You can throw them in a backpack, they're easy. So you're going to notice we'll go here and so one of the things we'll do is we usually put the bands below the knee because this recruits the muscles and you'll notice that you'll see a lot of kids stand like this and they're throwing and they're doing this. So you notice the band, there's no tension. So what they want to do is they need to understand this feeling. It's a very simple thing in the throw, but this is a really critical thing to learn technique faster. So when we put the band on in the knees, you basically want it loose, right? You don't tighten the band so it's like this and then you have artificial tension because then you will have tension very easily. So you want the band to be loose so it forces the knees to come out and track the toes. So one of the things that we do is we'll create lower body tension and upper body tension. So when we move, you're going to see, let me do this, I have limited space. So we're going to do this, you'll see the lower body feels this and then the upper body feels this. And you're going to notice the key thing here is that when I'm showing you that my hips don't move. So here's the thing. This is what I always tell everybody. This is what we'll do in camp. So here's an example.  How fast can you move the finger, okay? So we pick it up and if we're out there, everybody gets unlimited free lifetime coaching if you can beat me.  And what I'm going to do to make sure you never beat me is this. I'm going to press my hand against my chest.  So you see that? So this is stretch reflex and that's way more fast. That's way, that's much more power. You can't do this. And this is what so many beginning throwers tend to do. They're trying to throw like this and they don't understand how to move their body and create that. That's what we do with our drills and that's what we do when we utilize bands. We're trying to create tension and we're trying to feel athletes how to move with tension. And so you're going to notice when I show you that, I'm moving with my knees apart. I'm creating that tension on the lower body. So I'm going to create that stretch reflex, which is going to help facilitate the path of my sweep leg, not without consciously learning how to actively do it, which is going to be an important thing. And again, we feel that in pillar one and two, but you really mean you're setting it up in that pillar one, but you will feel it obviously through that pillar two as well.


Hello Earth citizens! In this video I will show you a 10 minute routine to do when you have cold hands and cold feet. Maybe you're somebody who has chronic cold hands, chronic cold feet, or maybe you have sometimes cold hands, sometimes cold feet, sometimes hot, sometimes all over the place. Whatever your situation is, this routine will help you bring blood, bring circulation to your extremities so that you can get some heat and blood flowing all the way to your fingertips and toes. So how we're going to do this is a good old-fashioned running in place. There's nothing like running in place to quickly circulate blood, energy, everything inside to make your hands and feet warm. So now when you run in place, usually when people run, they just kind of run mindlessly. They just let their mind wander everywhere and they're just moving their muscles and that's about it. But this running in place, we're going to do it in a very mindful way. So first of all I want you to locate a important acupressure point at the bottom of your foot. This point right here is at the base of the ball of your foot and then above the arch. So right here, about here, there's a soft tender spot. You can feel it. It's like a soft kind of squishy spot right here under the ball of your foot above the arch. This is called the Yongchan. You can find on the other foot too. The Yongchan is an acupressure point where you receive energy from the earth. So when you run in place activating your Yongchan, you can have a dramatically different effect than just running with your muscles. So we're going to try that. Stimulating your Yongchan also stimulates your kidneys as well to activate water energy to pump cool energy to your head, warm energy to your abdomen and then warmth extending out to your fingers and toes. All right? So it kind of looks like this.  Bring your mind to the bottom of your feet especially those Yongchan points. So it's kind of like you're pushing the ground with your Yongchan points like this. So by using your body weight and movement, you are actually not really running.  So like this. Can you feel your Yongchan? If you can visualize a spring, a very light spring and you're bouncing. Your Yongchan is bouncing against the floor, against the earth very lightly. Okay? So we're going to run in place for two minutes, stop and then two minutes, stop. We're going to do a little bit of an interval work. Okay? So I'll keep time. Run in place. Feel your Yongchan. That's the most important thing. Let your mind come into your body and feel your Yongchan. That acupressure point at the base of your foot and run in place lightly. Very lightly. As you push against your Yongchan, your upper body is relaxed. Let all of your body weight go to the bottom of your foot. One minute has passed. One more minute. Keep feeling your Yongchan. Make your steps light. Can you feel the bottom of your feet? If you can feel the bottom of your feet, you're doing a great job. Keep going. Yongchan, Yongchan, Yongchan. Feel the bottom of your feet. Feet. 30 more seconds. If you're very sensitive to energy, you can already start to feel your body getting hot. You might already start to feel your palms getting a little warmer. Maybe your feet are getting a little warmer too. Maybe you're starting to sweat and maybe you have some saliva forming in your mouth. These are all good signs your body is warming up. Five, four, three, two, one and stop. Now relax your hands.  Feel your body. With your mind's eyes, scan your body from the top of your head to your fingers, to your toes and notice what changes you feel inside. Do you feel some warm building in your hands? Do you feel some warm building at your feet?  Are you starting to sweat? Notice all of these changes. Okay now open your eyes. Did you see some changes? We're going to do another set of two minutes massaging your Yongchan point and now see how this set makes you different from the first set. As you go repeat more of these sets, you'll feel a deeper level of sensation, more heat forming in your hands and feet. All right, ready? Go! Push your Yongchan. Activate your Yongchan. The acupressure point at the bottom of your feet. Underneath the ball above the arch. Keep feeling your Yongchan. Don't let your mind wander. Bring your mind to your feet. Can you feel your Yongchan? Can you feel your body getting a little warmer? Maybe you're already starting to get hot. I'm feeling sweat coming on. Can you feel some sweat too? One minute past. One more minute. Have a light step. Light step like you have a spring in your Yongchan point and you're bouncing from the earth up and down. You're doing a great job. Yongchan. Yongchan. Feel your feet. Feet. Feet. Let your body weight come down to your feet. 30 seconds. Open your hands. Feel your body.  Feel the top of your head. Down to your shoulders, arms, hands, hips, legs, feet and notice the changes you feel now compared to before. Your palms feel warmer. Your feet feel warmer. You feel more tingling moving through your whole body. Do you feel your body temperature has gone up? Are you sweating?  These are all signs of your internal body temperature going up. When your internal body temperature goes up, you will feel your hands and feet getting warmer. Can you feel it? Alright, let's do one more set. One more set of two minutes. Keep focusing on your Yongchan and see now how your hands and feet get even warmer as you circulate more energy. Are you ready? Feel your feet. Open your chest confidently. Don't slouch over. Open your chest confidently like you're running into an open space. You're doing great. Keep feeling your feet. By this point, you may feel a lot of heat moving through your body. You might feel a lot of sweat. You might feel your hands, especially the middle of your palms are getting very hot. Notice what you feel in your body now. One minute passed. One more minute. This also is very good for grounding your energy too. A lot of the times when we think a lot our energy is in our head, but this exercise always also helps you bring energy down to your feet, making you feel stable and grounded. 30 more seconds. Feel your feet. Feel your feet. Feel your feet. Feel your feet. Feel your feet. Feel your feet. Five, two, one. Now relax your hands and walk around in place. Walk around in a circle and notice what changes you feel in your body now. Say out loud the changes you feel in your body now. Do your hands feel warmer? Do your feet feel warmer? Can you feel your body as more relaxed? Okay, now stop. If you can feel your hands got warmer and your feet got warmer, it's because your energy is circulating a lot. If you have a lot of stagnant energy, if you have a lot of cold energy inside of you, then it might take more repetitions until you can feel the heat.  Because ultimately having cold hands, cold feet just means you have poor circulation. So this exercise will help you pump up heat, pump up your blood to push it up all the way to your fingers and toes. To experience a full one-hour brain education based class, please visit a local body and brain yoga studio near you.


Across the globe, from sub-Saharan Africa, to the Balkans, to the Middle East, some honorary consuls have been accused of aiding terrorist groups and threatening the rule of law. Honorary consuls are appointed by foreign governments to promote their interests. The position comes with some of the same perks and legal protections provided to career diplomats. ProPublica and the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists, in partnership with 160 reporters in 46 countries, have identified hundreds of current and former honorary consuls who've been publicly accused of wrongdoing or embroiled in controversy. Part of the tools that they're using to achieve these strategic-level objectives is through getting these honorary consular positions specifically so that they can have diplomatic immunity. Nine honorary consuls, identified by ProPublica and ICIJ, have been linked to terrorist groups by law enforcement and governments. Most were tied to Hezbollah. A Lebanese political party and militant group. Hezbollah financiers and facilitators use honorary consul positions to enhance their prestige and their freedom of movement. Hezbollah's attacks in Iraq and elsewhere have wounded or killed hundreds of U.S. service members. Hezbollah was actively working in our area of operation. The bomb, when it came through, came through right through next to my head, through my door. And it basically cut me in half and left corner of my temple down through my jaw. If they're removing any product on private jets, those jets cannot be searched. It helps them in their much larger trafficking operations, which include arms trafficking, narcotics, human trafficking. They're the Amazon of criminality. We knew that this was a vulnerability. It's a tremendous risk to the stability of the world.


Okay.  Great. Thank you, David. All right. Welcome everyone to the identity special interest group for September 21st. Thanks for joining us today. My name is shark Holland. I'm a co-moderator of this group with Bippin Barthon and Tim spring. Today, we will go over some working group status updates and hear presentation from Eric Scouton, who is the senior engineering manager and Adobe's content authenticity initiative. And we'll hear about binding strongly vetted identity to C2PA manifests. So looking forward to that. This is a Linux foundation call. And so we are following the antitrust policy. And as a hyperledger call, we're following the hyperledger code of conduct, which are both links and written here. And we're recording and live streaming this meeting and those those links will be posted here later today. Let's see. I want to take a moment to do introductions as well. Would anyone, anybody would like to introduce themselves and talk about what you're, what you're working on. That would be, that would be wonderful. Eric, feel free to introduce yourself now or before your presentation either is great. Hi, I'm Eric Scouton. I'm engineering manager at Adobe on the content authenticity initiative specializing in our online hosted services and also in our open source work and that's part of what I'll be talking about today. Great. We're so glad you're here. Thank you. Would anybody else like to introduce themselves. And if everybody would like to put their name on the attendees list that would be wonderful as well. Let's see a few quick announcements. So, animal recently announced making areas framework JavaScript global framework. So there's a link here if you'd like to find out more about those projects. And then as well, this, this special interest group has a YouTube playlist with with previous calls from from both the groups that merged to create this one. There's the link there for that. Are there any other announcements that anybody has before we jump into working group updates. All right, and we'll just go over quick highlights of working group updates since there are so many groups. But if you have specific updates from working groups that you're involved in, please speak up and and let us know what you're working on and what is going on in those groups. So, in the Indie contributors working group, we debriefed the second Indie Indie summit which we held the week before last, talking about funding and technical options for the future of Indie so that was that summit was a great success. In areas working group, they've mainly been discussing unqualified kids to peer for credential protocols, among a few other things areas by fold. They had a two month hiatus in meetings so now they are back. They discussed new releases overly capture architecture. In areas the areas cloud agent Python user group. We talked about the zero 10 to release. I give a presentation on my PR to occupy for implementing SC Jots. Yesterday, so it's great to have a discussion on that. And then we talked as well about a non creds in in acupy update PR is getting those merged in. Let's see. In the areas framework JavaScript meetings. Let's see they've been talking about to come be to 050 release. A non creds they've been reviewing PR is talking about a non creds the 2.0. And as well the non creds are implementation update. Let's see for the trust over IP foundation. For a number of these working groups. I wasn't able to find more recent meeting notes so if you know of more recent meetings from any of these groups, please jump in and give any updates that you might have for the ecosystem foundry group they did meet recently and talked about the public review and continuum loop. And let's see concepts and terminology is also still working on the terminology engine. The two. Let's see. For the decentralized identity foundation. There was no September meeting this month for the, for the did come spec working group, since that was a holiday in the US. The did come users group has been meeting. It looks like they had a September 18th meeting with a few different presentations here. Let's see. The IOT special interest group has been meeting recently. I think they've been doing some planning on potential work items for that. Let's see. So that's mainly what we have in terms of working group updates, but I want to give a few minutes if there are others on this call who are involved in in working groups that they would like to report on as well to give a bit more detail than that very fast overview. That's great. Well, unless there are any more working group updates that anyone that anybody wants to jump in with. I'll go ahead and turn it over to Eric for your presentation. Thank you so much again for being here. Of course, thank you. Sure. Let me share my screen. I'm going to put myself in presentation mode. Okay. And unfortunately, I can't see most of you at this point, but if there are questions or whatnot, just speak up and feel free to interrupt whenever that makes sense. Hang on and I will share the long screen. We can see you keynote now. There you go. Yeah, do you see my presentation? We're seeing your. Yeah, okay, that's what I was trying to not have happened. Let me see if I can move that the other way. No, you know, really wants to do it that way. Okay, never mind. We'll just I know how we do that. I have two screens on my computer and it has it's very opinionated about which one it wants to use and it's not. I don't agree with it. Anyhow, technical challenges aside. Hi, I'm Eric Scutton. I mentioned before I worked for Adobe on the content authenticity initiative. And we are exploring some ways to bind identity a strongly better identity to publicly visible content. That's what this is about. So I'll start off I have some prepared slides but this is also kind of an informal working update. I sure saw me give a version of this talk in April at Internet identity workshop, and this is an update based on some work we've done since that time. So my agenda first. The grand plan when I set up for this conversation was to have a demo of this actually all working. I got as far as a unit test that passes some initial happy path earlier this week but that's not quite a demo. So we'll talk about what the content authenticity initiative is what CTPA is which I'll get to in a moment. I'll talk about how, how signing and content authenticity works today and then I'll talk about the proposal that I'm making to extend the data model to support self sovereign identity and strongly better identity and this is really an opportunity for me to get this in front of people who are familiar with the space and look at things potentially skeptically. So any questions you may have along the way. Please do share them with me and you know it all be taken as friendly conversation. You know, the, the whole point of content authenticity initiative was Adobe and some other companies about four years ago got together and realized that, you know, there are some technical solutions to the problem of misinformation and some of the things that we can address that are through education, informing end users and consumers of content about how they can learn about the veracity of the content that they're obtaining detection was discussed. We work with some of the smartest people in fake image detection and their advice to us was don't enter this cat and mouse game. That really the answer to that is in using photography to attribute and make strong assertions about attribution around content, and that's really the approach that we have taken with this. So the content authenticity initiative is now a community of more than 1000 companies and individuals and educational institutions non government organizations, who all share this mission of promoting the idea that there should be one standard of content authenticity and provenance across the internet. It is also the name of the team on at Adobe that I'm on that provides open source implementations of this, this technology. We also work with our product team partners Photoshop Firefly are a couple of major ones that are in the public eye these days, many more to come, and then my sub team within content authenticity Adobe. We also operates the host and services that support this. And then the other organization that I want to talk about is the coalition for content provenance and authenticity, often abbreviated as C to PA. And that is a technical standards organization. It's a joint development foundation under the Linux foundation that really describes, you know, in exacting detail the binary description of how we do this. provenance train and how we associated with specific kinds of assets. So any questions, thus far, if not, then you know the really high level overview of what content authenticity is about is that allows content creators to make tamper evident digitally signed assertions about what they've created. And it allows content consumers to evaluate those statements and use those to make their own trust decisions. It is not fact checking fake image detection as I mentioned before it is not politically opinionated. Okay, is similar to some existing metadata standards XF and XMP which we participated in creating. But the major distinction and something that you know just wasn't thought about 20 or 30 years ago when these earlier standards were created is that it comes with this tamper evident binding to the content that it describes. So I'll dive in at sort of a high level overview of how it works. We start with the idea of an asset and that's any piece of media. And that can be, you know, a video audio still image PDF document on and on that you have the C2PA is intentionally agnostic with regard to what kind of media is other than specifying, you know, the exact placement of the C2PA data structures within for instance a JPEG. Within an asset, there's what we call a manifest store which is really the description of the history of that asset as we understand it, and as the content creators have described it. And for those of you who are developers, you can think of this as a get commit history that is for that asset that it describes. And the one of the important things that we do is that we, we have this notion of ingredients, which are other manifests that were created by prior content creators. So, you know, the most recent piece of work that is presented to you might have been something that incorporated, you know, a handful of photos or videos or other media combined those and that that active combining is the creation that the most recent artist has done. So that collection that history overall is called the C2PA manifest store that's the blue box that I've shown here. And then within that are individual manifests and I'll now kind of circle from the outside or the inside of that manifest and work my way back up to the manifest store. So a manifest itself contains, as I said earlier, a set of opt in statements that we call assertions and those could be things like capture advice, who created it, what actions they took in that active creation. It does require a binding cash over the content that was created so you can't just attach a manifest to an arbitrary pieces content. And then it can also reference other content that were incorporated. And notice I've put a couple little little flags on a couple of items here I'm going to do that throughout the next few slides. And the reason for that is there are some things that are specific to the discussion of of SSI identity that I want to call special attention to so you know identity the content creator and redaction are things that are going to be important a little bit later in this discussion. So we start to work our way sort of up the train here up the tree. And so a claim is a data structure that lists the assertions and contains information about who created the claim this is typically the tool vendor so you know adobe the service that I operate science on behalf of adobe product integrations. And that contains a list of assertions from prior claims that might be redacted so for instance if you're an editor at a news organization and you need to obscure the identity of the photographer who created something that you're going to publish for that photographer safety, you can redact the identity assertion for that photographer in your subsequent publishing, you just have to leave a trail that says that you did that. And finally, a claim signature is a cozy signature over that claim data structure. And that basically just says, you know if somebody attempts to tamper with the content of the claim, or, well, the content of the claim that will cause the signature to fail. There's things in the claim that refer to other pieces of the content by hash links. So, any attempt to tamper with the assertions or the content of the underlying asset will also cause validation to fail. And then a manifest is is a jump data structure that that ties all of those pieces together. And the manifest or the collection of these manifests can be either embedded directly in the asset it describes, or it can be referenced by a HTTPS hash link or both. So with that understanding of sort of quick summary of the data model. Any questions about what we have in production today all of this by the way is has been in production for a year and a half to two years and a workshop and some other products from Adobe and from products offered by other companies as well. So where is the manifest store stored. That's going back to this picture. It can be embedded in the asset itself and of course each each file format has its own concept of where things belong. The question is for assets that have XMP metadata. There's a way that we define for the XMP to say, here's a hash link to an external storage. So if you don't want to put the entire manifest store directly in the asset if for instance it would make that asset too large. You can embed that hash link reference and store it on the public internet. Anywhere you choose. Okay. Yeah. And, you know, there are kinds of tradeoffs, you know, in the Adobe offerings we offer both options. So the signing of plans are going to circle back to that piece just a little bit. We use in the cozy signatures we use X509 certificates. One of the guiding principles of building the C2PA standard was we didn't want to invent much that was new. We wanted to rely on well understood things and X509 has been around for quite a long time well understood. The current practice is that the X509 certificate is held by the tool that are so again the service that I talked about that my team operates for signing on behalf of Adobe. We hold that in our own secure mechanism. And the, or the private keys and the sort of courses embedded within the signature. And our take on this is that that's something that's feasible for larger businesses, much less so for individuals and smaller businesses. But, you know, this is also now a 1.3 or 1.4 version of the standard. It's not likely to change. But there is definitely a concern about how do you allow the content creator to identify themselves. And that's really the focus of the discussion on the questions that I'm raising today. So the questions that I've been asked to answer on behalf of Adobe and also the C2PA is how do we define strongly about identity within this ecosystem in such a way that the subjects of such an identity can prove that they were part of the creation and also disprove that they weren't part of other acts of creation. So those flags that I mentioned a while ago, let's, let's talk about those. One of the places I put a flag was on the identity assertion and we specifically we reuse an assertion or a data model called creative work from schema.org. And those allow verifiable credentials to be embedded directly in them. I hinted at this earlier. That means that, you know, for instance, a subsequent editor can redact that assertion if there is a privacy or safety concern related to an earlier creator. But it also means, you know, right now what we're doing is placing essentially an empty or not empty but a verifiable potential that doesn't have any binding to the content. So, you know, if I were to hack a version of or obtain a version of the open source software, I could build a client that embedded anybody else's VC if I happen to obtain it and reference that correctly in this the status structure. And there's really no way to tell the difference between something that was done with intent and something that was done with hostile intent. So, the proposal that we're working on is one to deprecate that mechanism of simply including the verifiable credentials. And instead to add a new assertion type which is a verifiable presentation binding that content creator to the content and you know the current working draft if you will is there's a new did see to pay method which references the claim data structure I talked about earlier. Via hash of that main data structure. And so what does that look like in the data model that probably means the signature process becomes a new two stage process. And the first stage is, we build a version of the claim that doesn't reference these assertions because we don't have the hashes and so forth of them yet. And that sort of dotted line around that's labeled a right. So we create the rest of the claim data structure the rest of the manifest. Have the verifiable content or credential holders sign a VP request that binds them to that content, and then we create a new assertion that we then add to the overall claim data structure. And here then we come back and we add, as I say that new reference that new assertion which is a hash link to this, this signature that we just talked about a moment ago. And then we proceed with the existing signature mechanism so the tool vendor then signs off to say that they have seen this claim that includes the verifiable presentation. And on the flip side of that as a content creator, you know you verify the, the claim signature with the existing mechanism. And then you take the claim data structure once you verify that, you know, was properly signed subtract that reference that we saw before which should yield the claim data structure that BC holders sign, and make sure that that also checks out against their signatures. And with that, you know the questions that are sort of top of mind for us at this point are the ones I've listed on screen. And I'm open, I would love to hear questions about you know what we are proposing and what is likely to work or not work. Let me stop sharing and then we'll be open to discussion here. Let me see the contact or contact info that I have. Yeah, absolutely. I'll make sure that's on the, the meeting page. Okay, thank you. Let me I'll just copy the discussion topics out there I want to be able to see people and see the discussion as it happens. Oh yeah, that sounds great. What questions or ideas do people have. Yeah, go for it Sam. I have a couple have two questions that are totally unrelated to each other. Okay. One is, is that what has adoption been like within hardware devices like cameras obviously is one good application of this for the. So what's what's the uptake Ben are there vendors that have embraced this and in our providing a searches along with the with the photos taken. I'm reluctant to name names because I don't remember who's who has made their public announcements and who has not but I can say that the several of the major vendors that you know of have interacted with us and our planning cameras will be in market in the next year. So the big several. Yeah. Okay. So I need to be sufficiently big. So thank you. The other one is, is that are you in the exploration of providing content creators assertions on the content themselves. Are you involving some VC technologies can use dids, and some can't are you are you embracing does this part of that I may have missed it if you said it. And that's actually one of the questions that I wanted to raise is, you know, when I did an inventory of did methods I came up with something like 170 of them. And I don't see any way for us to support them all. And, you know, there are a few that sort of come top of mind that will probably address but I would like to hear suggestions of what are ones that are likely to be widely adopted. One thing I will say, you know, at Adobe, we are doing some work with ID vendors, or ID verification vendors can describe in great detail what we do intend to allow users to verify their own identity and wrap that in some way yet to be determined in a VC.  You know, that's, we want to be sure that people who have their own identity are also able to participate in this ecosystem. That's for sure. So, since you asked and I happen to be unmuted. I don't think anyone expects support of all did methods. Right. Clearly, a much smaller list is the list currently supported by the universal resolver. And that that's work that originated in the diff and and has a smaller list so that there's a software package that has resolvers for you know what's a different method. So, and you can kind of tell which ones are serious by the ones which were, you know, care to be included. Right. But the other, the other thought that I have is that as long as you support make a couple of good choices, the rest will sort its way out in the sense that I think that there are folks kind of expecting to be able to choose one did method and like make things work. That's unlikely to be the case. I think different ecosystems are likely to have different did methods for various reasons.  So, but, but props for considering did I know it's a little bit of a of a youngish thing that moves a little differently than some of the other specs have but but it's it's incredibly powerful from a from a future forward perspective. That's my take on it as well. Yeah, so props. Also, I wanted to put in a plug. Anybody, I think I've met you before I will be there again, next month. Yes, I would be great. I have one other question I just didn't want to hug the mic. Okay, you mentioned be able to prove that they were not involved in the creation of content, proving a negative super hard. Is there any more you can say about the approach there. It's proving a negative is perhaps an overstatement. But I maybe the better word would be plausible deniability that, you know, unless you see my signature might be signature as a part of this active creation don't believe that it's me. Right, so this is this is not necessarily proving that they were not involved, but giving them a mechanism to prove like when they are, and then you can tell so if I see a video online for example from a from a favorite artist. I would say I'm a huge weird Al fan. Then if we're Dallas, you know, you know, provides this attribution that these assertions on his stuff. And I see a weird Al video somewhere else. I could verify, you know, whether that's actually a weird I'll produce to video or not. Yes, that's the intent. And, you know, the, the analogy that I often make about this is similar to the one about HP versus HP PS right. I look back at some some content I wrote, you know, 10 or 15 years ago on the internet and I was surprised at the number of raw HTTP sites that I linked to at the time. And today that's something, you know, the lack of that is essentially a negative trust signal, right. And I think, you know, in time, you know, our hope is that the presence of C2K metadata on the, you know, the various forms of media that you consume is a similar trust signal. You know, the content creator intended to assert that they were part of this and in that way step stand aside from content that is impersonating them. I had a question as well. How do you think this work interacts with with AI? I'm thinking about how AI trains on content created by artists who are then not compensated or credited curious about that interaction. Right, a couple of different things. So at Adobe, we've taken the policy that anything that we create that is AI that a generative AI must be, must have this attribution so you can tell the difference between human created and created artwork. And then we've also provided through the C2K standard a way to mark your content as do not train. So, you know, if you're concerned about, you know, your content being part of a training model, then that's a way to opt out of that assuming that the, you know, who's doing the training is willing to observe that. And we've talked with several of the leading, you know, AI generators and they're largely on board with that. You know, and then in our own case, you know, we've made some statements about how we train our own AI. I'm not going to repeat those here, but just make sure that I get them right, but that's something that we've been very careful about. Right, right. Yeah, interesting to stop sharing myself back to me. It's sort of distracting. The screen is on me. Oh, let's see. Are you on the gallery view or speaker view. I don't know. I don't use them that often. Oh yes. Okay. Yeah, yeah, I think if you're on gallery view, then you should be able to see everybody's video the same size. Okay, I think I may be the only one sharing video. There we go. Thank you, trust me. Okay, I love the talk. My question was, and I haven't looked into it so this could be readily available on the website but is there a reference limitation that we can look at today at the beginning you said there was a unit test with a happy path done. For this specific case now that is not publicly available yet. The, the overall implementation of the C2P standard is available on open source if you go to open source.contentauthenticity.org that we have implementations available in Rust and JavaScript. Okay, and some early work on bridges to other languages as well. Our core implementation is built in Rust. So the Rust one is the. Yeah, yeah, that's that's where the dependency tree stops. All right, yeah, that's always the question I, you know, three implementations and which one is the one. Yeah, yeah, Rust is the primary one. That's where the real work gets done. Thank you. Yeah. This will be a PR to the Rust implementation. It's just not, not well enough make yet to put that on the public eye. I have another question. Is this format strictly for files in sort of the traditional sense or is it would have worked for streaming content. Yes, there is quite active work on streaming content in particular on video. I know, I don't know the exact state of that work at this moment, but I know that that is an area of active work and interest. Yeah, I think we want to make sure we're talking to the real Eric from Adobe right so right exactly. Exactly. Yeah, that's, I don't know if that's in the one three standard or in a forthcoming one for standard by now that that's that's been very actively described or explored I should say not described. So yeah, there are other questions or discussion points for the call. If not, I look forward to seeing you, or maybe some of you at IW in a couple weeks. Yeah, absolutely. Thank you so much for joining us Eric is a great presentation and discussion so we really appreciate your time. Yes, thank you. Thank you so much. Thanks everyone for joining. Bye bye. Thank you.


here the Nikomatic and who are you? Well, Nikomatic is a French company and they're right outside of Geneva, Switzerland area. They're very good at making small, very small components and so we make electronic components for the printed electronics industry. So this. They put connectors to LEDs, that type of thing. Is this mass produced? Yes it is. Use in many places, on the road? Yeah, well, you know, anything that has an interface where you exercise equipment, appliances, anything that might have an interface with. Is this one of your robot factory robots or what is this? It's more just a proof of concept so that we can show folks how they can use robotics to work with our crimp equipment. Can I actually have crimps over doing this machine? Just because we don't want any, it's a jam up or anything. So we're just going through the motions on this just to show proof of concept. So as Nikomatic is a big company? As far as employees, we're about 350, but. And mostly in Switzerland or? Worldwide. Worldwide? Yeah. Doing all these kinds of things here. Where is this? It shows some of our flex circuits that we manufacture and we need to fix them in. And then it's showing our surface mount LEDs which are used predominantly in printed electronics. And here you're showing some, you can heat up the jackets so you can make a ski jacket or that. Have heating? Yeah, Nikomatic provides connector solutions for wearables. So that's one of the target industries. It's the growing industry and so we're one of the dominant players as far as providing connector solutions for wearable technology. So you connect the flexible stuff to a chip? To power? Power. Most often to power, sometimes it goes directly to a PCB for data download and that sort of thing. Is it hard to do a connector? It is. It's one of the biggest challenges in that industry. In the whole flexible electronics, printed electronics industry, there's a lot of printed stuff but they need to connect to batteries or to another SOC chip. PCB, yes. And that connector needs to be strong, right? Yes. It has to be strong, they want it to be waterproof, they want it to be robust. So you have solutions for all that? Yes. All right. And you're already making millions of those? Oh yeah. We've been in business 40 years. Doing this kind of stuff already. So what do you think about the future of the printed electronics business? I think it's outstanding, especially with the oncoming markets of sensors and wearables. So that means you're going to be very busy doing all kinds of solutions for that? Yeah. Our main business for years has been supplying membrane switch manufacturers with interconnect solutions. Those kinds of connectors? Yeah, that's more for military. That's a different division. But we have three divisions and we have ADS, which is military and aerospace. We have PIMS, which is printed electronics and membrane switches. And then we also have our Flexible. And in particular, like, connectors for wearables. I saw that. And you can't have a flat-listed circuit. Let's do a flat-listed circuit with a military and tonic connector on it. Screw-Bound connector, which is a high demand in a military application.