YouTube, what's up? This is a special. I'm actually bringing you the second game I played against this cave flex and it was actually back-to-back games And I've always made a big deal of men is that this is when I love playing man When you show me what you got what your offense is what your reads are what your progressions are That's pretty much when I become a better defensive player when I know what you want to do You know I can adjust to it and then I want to see what your counter-adjustment is and how many ways we Can go down this you know this endless slope of who makes better adjustments who can you know adjust to what you're Doing figure out how to stop it and how to slow you down Anybody can pop up one time with something sneaky and win a game of man, but this is when I've always enjoyed Playing man, but you see in the first game his run was hurting me a little bit But I'm towards the end of the first game. I started knowing if I use your best slot corner I'd be able to contain the run so that's how I started this game out Use it a slot corner so I can go ahead and try to stop the run. You see here again This time clown. He just diamond powered up clown. He just eats it Here we go again this night. He goes a little high ball over there over the cover to I was running cover to a lot So you start trying to hit that and this time cam bam goes over there knocks the ball out I'm really not worried about that because between Pat Pete and cam chance are here He goes right in my face. So I'm on that slot db to try to stop the run Here we go again and get him to a third and two Throws it up in the back tries it for the past and incomplete He bluffed like he was on goal for this, but he went ahead and kick this little which was smart Well, I get three points on the board. He just came off a loss to me. So you know, you got to get your points early Especially on the first job. You can't come away with zero Because I feel good on office. I was running a jet to book this game So I was running split close and you know the more I ran obviously if y'all watch me play I haven't ran much of split close early in the year like this But by the time I run three four or five games of it I kind of get a lot more comfortable especially playing against that time I do to the wrong curl especially a plan against fourth down now. I'm a go to the right curl right there But especially playing against somebody's defense over and over with the different set I know the adjustments I want to make so I start playing really well, you know The mortis goes on a lot of people that he sees run in Lucas and contain picks me off This was crazy to me. He blitzed that guy. He put him in a containage. I know the contain blitz is a pretty crazy right now Made a read of throwing the flat that was wide open and it contained pick me off. Well, I said The more you get this guy's a cookie cutter player for the most part. There's no crazy adjustments He's making it's just three through five eyes looping the same person blitzing the left side guy every time So you just really start there as a fumble boom out of bounds.  I said, you know what? I don't need the juke and spin this game We're going on conservative. I don't have enough time to be fumble especially downtown nothing a fumble right now We'll just kill my chance to win this game. He's already got that fluky pick six when it contained So let's not try to do many more turnovers We're a child popular around McCoy to bottle it up by Reggie white I think I need a Reggie white on the for the Eagles team Underneath forever hit the post over the middle of Randy Moss come back hold why come back and get the ball Once again in the flat I got girly and McCoy in the split close to running backs are really good That's probably what makes split close really tough is when you start utilizing people go Making them miss some hits takes with Tyree kill. We're all on conservative So we're not spinning and joking just a little wiggle. I'm saying a you can make a miss a couple his sticks here and there Especially when it's so aggressive to try to get them fumbles big touch down there to go ahead and you know Get back in the game. You know, I was looking dark right there. He was getting to the flukey So let's go ahead and slow them down. Here we go Like I said, I'm on that slot corner instead of the linebacker really blown up that inside zone out of this particular set It was yeah, we finally get a sack right there. I believe the markers where that's powered up the new legend the markers where Yeah, I played the sticks on third down here and he was able to throw Throw the wheel right there to get some yards get them to a fourth down. What's he gonna do? Everybody's bagged everybody's covered don't get anything flukey But champ Bailey makes the swat right there big play by champ Bailey get the ball back for me on fourth down Once again hit the flash you got to make them play hardflats got to make them respect the running backs If you're running split closest probably the biggest Thing if you want to run split close, you have to make them respect the running backs Obviously, you got respect Michael Vic on conservative there. He didn't fumble for me. Gotta get points going into half That's pretty much my goal right now. Once again Michael Vicks skirt skirt right by him get down Now we want to use some of the clock so he can't get the ball back run with girly there I could have got in but just it's one little one cut a little too much But he's fighting for me and girly falls and gets into the ends. I'll probably put them on aggressive there That's why you have I said to we're running back you got full back inside and you got had the power over mixin McCoy and girly We go high ball right there. Sean Taylor wasn't having that anyway gets over the last hour really wasn't worried about the high ball I Started man up his corner out bang, but Chris Harris was just a little too slow. That's a powered up Chris Harris It's not the diamond Chris Harris So I made a swipe a swipe a switch after this with Sean Taylor bags right there And this play is crazy because in the middle of the play. I'm thinking is my is you know Chris Harris won cover it I didn't cover it myself when I knew it was the only thing that could beat me But I'd really just allowed him to do that. That was terrible defense Especially for him that no time I suppose the only play he could have ran and kept the game going But I give up that field goal. That's bad But like I said, I'm feeling good on offense playing against his 3 3 5 odd With the split close mixing in the run backs mixing in the drags Okay, I take a sack. That was a bad setup for me. Try to try to go too much of a big play getting He screams at me. Geez. I mean he brought everybody that play Was again he's looping bang what hit the drag there in 18 get half of it back I actually get shoot almost all of it gets him to get me to a fourth and four underneath here I can dump it off to McCoy didn't respect them Fast enough to go ahead and get those five six yards on fourth and four big play there It takes a lot of doing the flat on fourth and four. Yeah, you start you start hitting the flats They start getting more aggressive. You can go up top the Randy Moss One more 12 is 16 right now. We're feeling good flats again. Todd girl. Whoop whoop You don't need to be on aggressive ball care You can be on conservative making plays especially when they're stripping and it's thinking you're crazy Being on conservative might be my new move from here on out Able to get an end zone with girly and of course, you know, if you watch these tapes before you watch these gameplay So they're gonna give them something they're gonna keep I gotta keep these kids in the game versus me I mean, it's not gonna be easy. Once again, like I said, I'm starting a man up I took Chris Harris out of that spot and we get a fumble boom Fletcher Cox picking it up, but I took Chris Harris out of that man up spot I was actually put a diamond powered up yelling Ramsey there So he can play a little bit better man coverage on that corner out because that's really the only row I see that he has that's gonna get open He wrote Teddy Ted hinders just runs over my running back. So every time I try to get something big I take a sack, but we go back here in the flats Get most of that yard is back. Get me to a third down. Go ahead hit the baby curl there Beckham Really putting a lot of stress on his own coverage if he's gonna keep blitzing as many people Bang door to Beckham pitch it Beckham needs a better block right there boys If that's what Beckham gets a better block right there Well, we could have got a lot of yards, but now we're in the fourth quarter We're up eight points of field. Oh, well pretty much sealed this game for me as you see there I'm still on conservative can't spin can't juke, but we're not gonna fumble the ball Even on conservators still getting your head blasted off. Here we go The play I want to run nothing was there But I go ahead and slide instead of throwing the ball away just to keep the clock running this game is cooked He's down. What's he down now? He's down eight. So now he's down 11 points Just just over two minutes left in the game. I feel really good make them work Don't give up that corner out. It's pretty much my whole thing We're stopping to run there Fletcher Cox making a play powered up Fletcher Cox We've got Randy Moss manned up. He hits a slight underneath here. That's fine Take it to the two-minute warning more clock of the clock is my friend right now Tries to go fade but Sean Taylor and Patrick Peterson aren't having that. That's the no flies on Just gotta guard this running back. He goes over the middle hits the running back I'm like I got it to slant there because it was a bigger play for him gets into a third of inches We're bagging right now But he scrambles. I think there's drew breezes his quarterback. Yeah, drew breezes You don't see drew breeze too often But here we go tries to go up to Moss and there's the switch right there instead of 510 Chris Harris You got six to a gentleman Ramsey power diamond upgrade and we're just gonna skirt a little bit. Goodbye, everybody And we're taking this to the Baha That's how you in the game That's how you adjust to his offense learned how to stop the run User and the right person shooting the right gap learned that his only dot was the corner out So I learned to go ahead put my best corner and mancovers on that corner out and that would be able to slow it down So I said this is really something that I love doing a madness playing somebody over and over because you get an idea of what they're Thinking offensively.  Please hit the sub Please like the video when I get to 200. I want to post another video another gameplay video Said also comment on what more you'd like to see from me on YouTube The YouTube is really growing is something that I want to continue to grow But I mean, obviously the gameplay videos are doing pretty well I think you guys like when I break down a lot of this stuff So it's gonna be something I continue to do And you know the more and more you can think about the game even when you're not playing it the better You'll get you'll get it mad and I said I know obviously you guys probably play your friends over and over And you know what they want to do, you know their go-to money plays no matter what level it's at whether you know Playing somebody down the street or you know, you're playing in MCS So once you run somebody's tendencies, it makes man more fun And it makes them have to get better because they have to switch it up, you know And that's what I like I said hit the like sub comment all that good stuff Anything you see ran here offense defense special teams check out man surf that the link is below Give you the opportunity to check out some of the offenses and defenses that I run and many other people run The premium membership is definitely the move 75 dollars for all year is definitely a steal You're gonna get probably 10 books for that. I appreciate it man. Y'all keep it keep following the channel I'm gonna drop way more stuff for y'all need


This study aimed to design and develop a mobile application called WeChat Applet of Nutrition and Health Assessment, WANHA, which uses internet technology to better manage nutritional health for patients with malignant tumor surgery. The study found that the use of WANHA improved the nutritional health of these patients, reduced the incidence of postoperative complications, and shortened the average hospital stay. Additionally, the majority of patients and medical staff reported that they were satisfied with the app's ease of use and effectiveness. This article is authored by Yu Chih-Wu, Yu Chih-Wu, Yu Chih-Wu, and others.


Hi everyone, Joe for JaspysCaseBreaks.com coming out to be 2019, 2020, Panini, Mosaic, basketball, Salo Pack Break number 678, which will fill up contenders, pick your team 11, so which is coming up in a separate video. What we're doing right now is we're just gonna, we're gonna do a quick little pack break and at the end, we'll re-randomize everybody's names and we're giving away seven teams, so the top seven will win teams. If your name's on top, you get the big team, the Hornets, second name down, another big team, the T-Wolves, so on and so forth, all pretty solid teams. So it's a chance to get, you know, a big team like the Hornets or the T-Wolves, Warriors, Kings, et cetera, et cetera, for a fraction of the price, not a bad deal, not a bad risk. Big thanks to these folks, but as always, we're gonna do the break itself first and then we'll do the giveaway in a different dice roll. Big thanks to everybody here, all the teams are in, let's roll it, let's randomize names and teams, full 12 times, six and a six, one, two, three and 12th and final time. We've got Hawks at Nix on in the background and they just did like a little, the celebrities are out in New York at the garden, let's put it that way. All right, six and a six, 12 times for the teams. One, two, three, four, 11 and 12th and final time. Here's the first half of the list right here and there's the second half of the list right there. No trade windows in these little filler breaks and let's sort by column B and let's print and rip. There's the case that we're about to do in a different video. Camera's a little askew, there it is. I'll be in a separate video, but this is the one we're gonna do right now. Now, there could be some surprises here. Is this the right, am I doing the right back here?  Could be some surprises in here, maybe a Zion, a John Morant, Justice Winslow, D Wade, the exclusive pink camels. Got DeLon Wright, Nicola Batum and Alan Iverson. Nothing too crazy in this pack, but the whole point of this is not what's out of the pack, but who's gonna win those teams? So let's grab everyone from Jason and the Hawks down to Josh and the Wizards. There's some new dice, there's a new list right there and we'll match you up with a team right there. Once again, top seven will get teams after six times, one and a five. One and a five, six times. Good luck. One, two, three, four, five and a one, six and final time. Now from eight on down, it's gonna be sad times. Matthew, sorry, sad times, you're just on the outside looking at it, although unless your name's on top. Still sad time for that particular spot though. Thanks everyone for giving this a try. I appreciate it. Congrats to the top seven, right there. Rosario, Robert, Andy, Joshua, Matthew, there you go Matthew. And David you're in and the Hornets go to Matthew Shira. All right, I don't feel so bad about spot eight anymore. All right, congrats to the top seven once again. All right, so Matthew with the Charlotte Hornets, David with the T Wolves, nice. Matthew with the Warriors, Joshua with the Kings, Andy with the Celtics, Robert with the Cavs and Rosario with the Clippers. Coming up in a separate video, the contenders basketball break. I'll see you for that, jaskiescasebreaks.com.


I believe that you should do things that you don't like to do. Not only do our agents scared of the phone, but I believe that in this industry, it's the greatest industry in the world, 92% of interest agents fail. I believe you should do things that you hate to do. I believe you should do things you don't like to do. I know that I was successful because I did things I did not want to do. A lot of people out there, whether it's in our industry or outside of our industry, will say, hey, you don't have to do things you don't want to do. Just do whatever you want to do. Be happy with it, and you're going to be amazing and wonderful. I don't agree with them because I'm starting to implement things into my day to day business, my life, and my practice that I don't like to do on purpose. Because I'm tired of seeing agents not do the tough things. So in the day, there's a lot of reasons you're scared. But you will always be scared. You will be scared forever unless you pick it up today. Because I'm confident in my ability, and I've done it enough, that I'm not scared of the phone anymore. At the end of the day, we're here to do this because we want to help you. We're here to do this because we want to motivate you. We're here to do this because we want to challenge you. We're here to do this because we want to remind you that you can't do everything that you love.  You have to do things that you do not like to do, Michael. Bob, I'm with you, bro. But you've got to do things that you don't want to do. All right? At the end of the day, it doesn't matter. Successful people do what unsuccessful people are unwilling to do. Successful people pick up the phone.


Hide those, if you will. But most people aren't going to do that. So then the question becomes, why also are you training? Are you training for health? Sometimes people don't, in my experience, if they're in their 20s into their 30s, it tends to take a backseat for the rest of your life. You're going, yeah, yeah, yeah, I know I need to train. Exercise is great. Diet exercise is wonderful. But I got kids. I got a mortgage. And I don't believe that I can just do it in an hour a week, 30 minutes a week. What have you. And so that's why people, between the age of 30 and 40, tend to lose about 10 pounds of muscle and put on a whole bunch of fat to the tune of two to three pounds a year. About a pound and a half to two pounds a year when you first start, halving that every year after until you're in your fourth year, and it becomes pittance. But you can keep this up for a long time. I have three good examples. One is Clarence Bass. Anybody familiar with Clarence Bass, if anybody at all? OK, we got two in the back. Ding, ding, ding. Clarence Bass is known as Old Man Ripped. He's an interesting case. He's a lawyer, a retired lawyer who lives in Albuquerque, New Mexico. And in 1978, he decides that he is going to get freaky lean after Arthur Jones tells him that he's too fat, at 12% body fat. And he says the reason why is that if you're going to gain muscle mass from your weight, you are going to put on equal amount of fat and muscle. And then when you strip off all that fat, you'll end up right back where you started. And sure enough, there is some science to back this up and aside. If you are lean and you overeat, you tend to put on about 70% of that weight as lean body mass. This includes bone tissue, water, connective tissue, and muscle tissue. If you are over fat, over 20% nearing obesity and you overeat, you put on mostly fat. This does not mean your metabolism is broken. This does not mean you violate the laws of thermodynamics or whatever other woo-ha-ha, some fitness individuals trying to sell this month because this industry is built on fats. It has to be because if you tell someone, lift heavy, gradually increase the amount of weight you lift, which just happens to be pittance per week. Once you're out of the novice stage, we're talking half pound to a pound a week of strength on most exercises, maybe. And do it enough time to see results. The cat's out of the bag and there's no mystery anymore. So building it on fads, P90X, 10 years ago was power 90 and they were selling the same thing. Only they weren't selling it with Xs, which they stole from WWE for anybody who used to watch wrestling. I'm not proud to say I did. But Manhole Kemenia, Andre the Giant, those are the genetic freaks I was talking about and they end up as wrestlers. They don't end up as accountants and they don't end up here. So we exclude them from who I'm talking about. So you gain that amount of weight and that amount of time. Clarence Bass decides he's gonna get freaky lean and so from the age of 38 on up until now, he's 73 years old.  And in that time, it's traditionally thought that if you're lean, you can't put on muscle tissue. It's hard because you only need a little bit of calories to keep gaining, but when you're that lean, your body thinks you're starved. Your body thinks you are Dachau.   In fact, he's maintained it this long and between the age of 38 and 46, he put on 11 pounds of muscle. That's not very much at all. It's about an inch on his arm. And so then I started looking around to see if other body builders experienced this. In Austin, we have a guy named Dave Gooden. He is known as the Texas Shredder which is a bad B movie title if there ever was one. But he is possibly the most talented and winningest natural body builder of all time. In an interview he did about four years ago, he said that he's gained 30 pounds in 20 years. That's a pound and a half a year. Would you get excited waking up a year from now after all of your working out and going, I basically look the same. All right, that was really worth it. We deal so much in external cues, especially with fitness and especially if you're coming from a sport background, right? Shoot the three pointer, make the three pointer, get three points, score the touchdown, an event is externally reinforcing what you've done. Or if your training was worth it, body builder's much slowing. It's a marathon. Health training is much slower. It's a marathon. Another body builder, Josh Trentini. He was Mr. USA. He trains in hit fashion. He says he's put on 24 pounds in 18 years of lifting. Not a whole lot, not a whole lot of muscle mass but it's enough to totally change his body. And so you have to be wary of what people say when they say, I put on 15 pounds of lean mass in this new program I've got, in this new diet I've got.  Every other method has an amount of inaccuracy built into it. So yeah, they gain 15 pounds. A lot of that because water, some of that's fat, maybe some of that's muscle. There's really no way to tell. And so if you look at body builders over the course of time, over the course of their career, on stage when they're super lean, you can tell how effective their training program was. And a more recent example is someone by the name of Lane Norton. He is a PhD in nutrition sciences.  So he proceeds to squat over 500 pounds and deadlift close to 700 pounds. He walks around at about 235 pounds at the height of about five, 10 and a half. Four or five years later, right, of doing this powerlifting thing, he comes back to the bodybuilding stage and gets freaky lean. And he comes in four pounds heavier than when he last competed. One pound a year for all that eating and training and all those sorts of things. Okay, so once you get past your first couple of years of training, you've gained really most of the muscle you're gonna train. Those pounds a year aren't gonna sustain you. So what's the next step? Where do you go from there? Life's long, you gotta find new challenges and things you might be good at and use the training as an adjunct to that. Guess I'm getting close to that there. You gotta use the training as an adjunct to that. Finding things you might be better at because this is meant to make your life better. It's not meant to be your life. But the way people tend to do it, they make it their life. They obsess about it. They read bodybuilding magazines. They read nutrition magazines. They scour the scientific journals. They go to grad school for it. And they don't have balance in their life. And then reality hits and they have to move on. And so often a false dilemma is made. If I can't train five days a week and five days a week is always what got me results, well, why train at all? It's very black and white thinking, right? But there are some guys out there who do it. If I can't do bicep three days a week, my arms are gonna shrivel while I train at all. Why put in any effort? Because I believe that anything less than five days a week is not going to get me the results I need. It's patently false. As you get stronger and you get bigger, you become better at recruiting the what are called high threshold motor units. Fast-switch muscle fibers. They are your biggest, strongest muscle fibers. And when you are a novice, you are in fact unable to recruit them voluntarily. You can have them recruited for you if you happen to select a weight that is much too heavy. But then you have inhibitory mechanisms from your nervous system to keep you from hurting yourself trying to sling that weight around. So eventually as you train and get stronger, you get better at using all of these muscle fibers. And the thing about those muscle fibers is they require a lot of time to recover. So if you're able to train five days a week, you can't do it intensely. You're not really recruiting those high threshold motor units. If you train intensely, you recruit those high threshold motor units, then you have to back off and rest. And in fact, really interesting about backing off and resting, understanding that these are the biggest muscle fibers and bodybuilders who are really large or athletes who are really strong, the Usain Boltz of the world, they tend to have a lot of these muscle fibers, explosive sports. There are studies that have been done where they have people train and the training actually reduces their high threshold motor units. Seems strange, but there is a certain amount of aerobic in any sort of training you're doing. Unless you're doing heavy singles, you are to a certain extent up-regulating these intermediate fibers.  Three months after they ceased training, they had more than doubled their fast-twitch muscle fibers from doing nothing.  That anaerobic environment is the environment in which these big strong motor units best express themselves. So if you're sufficiently strong and a normal human being, you have to balance rest with effort. Your effort has gotten up so much higher that you can readily recruit these and fatigue them. You need to rest that they actually recover and get stronger. And periodically take more time off than you think is necessary. A week, two weeks, at least. So you get into your 30s, you get over the false dilemma and you decide, all right, I can do something. I can train, I can train at least full body twice a week and I can work really hard. And I can make steady gains and I can balance this with my family, with my work demands, with the demands of my children. I'm feeling pretty good. Compared to my peers, I still look really fit. My arms are still bulging. I still fit in my jeans. I don't have my gut hanging over my belt and fooling myself into thinking I have a 36 inch waist or whatever reasonably small waist they think they have because they take the pant, the belt line and they tilt it like this. So it sits on the lumbar spine and wraps underneath the globe of their stomach and think, all right, I've still got it. They're walking around like this. If you've been training, not five days a week, two days a week, working hard, eating real food, only occasionally going down to the bar and putting down a bunch of pints and hot wings with sporting events, you're gonna maintain a good leanness and you'll find yourself capable of playing any sport you wanna play. You're not gonna play it really well because you have to practice the sport to be really good at it. It's just like you could take a basketball player and try and have them play tennis.  They're gonna be feeling like total novices, but they'll very quickly get better at playing tennis, at least from a metabolic aerobic standpoint because they had this global metabolic conditioning, this base with which to build upon and you'll be in that position and really the demands of your life will dictate that unless you're a professional athlete that that's what you're gonna do. You're gonna be the weekend warrior.


Think Tech Hawaii. Civil engagement lives here. Aloha and welcome to Kondo Insider, Hawaii's show about living in an association. In past shows I've mentioned the fact that about 38% of our population lives in some form of an association. So we're all subject to those who live there anyway or subject to the rules and obligations of living in an association and oftentimes just misunderstood. I would like to say at the beginning of this show again that our hearts go out to those on the big island who are struggling with the effects of the volcano and I don't want to forget my good friends on Kauai who had the massive floods down in the North Shore area of Kauai too. Also we sometimes forget talking about the volcanoes so much are also struggling after the aftermath of that great flooding which brings to mind the magic word we all think about insurance. So I asked a good friend of mine Ron Tsukamaki from Atlas Insurance Agent who's a pro beyond pro and all these matters to come visit with us today and talk about insurance for association. So Ron welcome to the show. Thank you. Thank you. Tell us a little about yourself and your firm. Well myself I've been in this insurance game for a long time. I don't even want to admit how long but it's been decades and the firm I work for Atlas Insurance Agency has been around even longer they were formed in 1929 so they're one of the oldest agencies in the state and today about per PBN where agency is the largest in the state per premium volume written within all our clients. So and you do a lot of association insurance. Yes I actually lead the what we call the AOAO group within Atlas they have specialty areas and association in one. So this is digress for a second because we're talking about the volcano a minute ago. The people on the big on can you get volcano insurance is is there can these people be insured or not insured what is what is the real scoop on that. Well within a standard Hawaii market for homeowners they don't write volcano insurance. What they've done is they started a sort of a pool of last resort is called the Hawaii Property Insurance Association which is sort of a Huey of the local insurance carriers who write volcano insurance lava fire in the lava zones and what's unfortunately happening is that because they write in highly distressed zones their premiums are probably if you had a standard policy like Richard you own property here in on Oahu so you have a unit on Oahu well their premium is going to be somewhere in the area four to five percent times what the premium on a standard policy would be. So it's very expansive and it's also very restrictive because of the nature of the coverage. So they can get it there's other forms you can go into what we call an excess and surplus lines market that's going to like to Lloyd's London and that's you know you're paying the market rate for the exposure and because the excess and surplus lines market is a open market whatever there's no standard forms there's no standard terms and conditions and no standard rates and again the rates are going to be much much higher the deductible deductibles are going to be much much higher than you would find even in the Hawaii Property Insurance Association pool. And you as a wild guess do you think that most people had insurance or didn't have insurance over there? Well as a wild guess because of the cost and locations I would say a great percentage did not have insurance. When you think a standard premium is $1,000 I'd say it's $4,000 that's a pretty pricey premium to pay for sort of limited coverage also you know when people bought in Puna in that area they're looking for inexpensive housing lands inexpensive and stuff so for them to pay that kind of price many of them did not pay. It kind of reminds me going back to 1992 I actually was on my condo on Kauai when Hurricane Aniki hit Kauai and luckily for me I was on the North Shore and it was devastating but the building is kind of a four-story concrete building and and I hate to say it probably my damage was less than $100 on my own unit because it's almost like a bunker this particular building it had itself lost roofs and other things as well so they had a multimillion dollar claim but we look at the individual owners they weren't affected and out of that came to Hawaii Hurricane Relief Fund. Is that still around? Well what's the scoop on that? Technically it is around. The state assesses a certain amount for all property transactions and stuff a small small percentage but it's built up over the years so it's fairly sizable that in fact but it hasn't really it's been sitting there in the state fund as a hurricane relief fund but it hasn't issued any policies since 1992 several insurance companies have come into the state there is hurricane insurance available readily available currently today in the state so it's a fund that is sort of sitting there in reserve in case you know between us if a hurricane ever hit Oahu a big one ever hit Oahu we're going to probably need a fund like the Hurricane Relief Fund because a lot of the carriers will be pulling out those who have come in or they're going to be really restricted in coverage so for the most part it is sitting there in reserve and right now there's the interest and it's growing so the interest is being trying to be siphoned by the state to go into the general fund since it's just sort of I know the industry fought that they you know it's it's kind of the our money put in for a specific purpose they shouldn't be able to rate it for some other purpose you know just because the state needs money so but let's go back to what an insurance agent does for a second you know from my perspective a lot of boards of directors they look at it and they see their policy comes up renewal and they think that the agent just gets a renewal from the existing carrier and you just renew it every year yeah what does an agent do when it comes down to renewal well when you talk about renewals and associations in general I think there's two things you have to understand one is the agent represents the insurance carriers and licensed with different insurance carriers so they are an insurance carrier representative but you know in Hawaii we really feel that we try to represent our associations so the question is do we roll them over every year is it easy or do we really look at marketing and what it goes into it and so the answer is we have to look at every account individual depending upon their loss history depending upon the market they're in you know there are not like in California hundreds of markets who are willing to write hurricane insurance in Hawaii we have a very limited you can count on one hand basically the standard markets who are competitive in hurricane insurance and you have fingers left over if you talk about frame versus fire resistive but the fact is because we have such a limited market you have to balance knowing that you know if you market every year and you're one of the three four carriers that write and you see this account every year after not getting in a couple years where do you think that account goes bottom of the pot no consideration so what we try to do is you know strategically market accounts they should be marketed at least every three to five years out to the marketplace but market them every year sometimes it doesn't make any sense depending upon claims dependent upon the marketplace in general one of the things that you correct me if i'm wrong but my understanding an agent is i don't know if the right word is licensed but is authorized by insurance company to represent them and and present them so not all agents represent all insurance companies correct and and one of the ones that is coming to the market in the last i'm going to say 10 years but uh i've lost track of time you hit it right on the note oh i'm lucky that good guess but is this firm out of Korea called dong boo where in the beginning when they came out there was all sorts of coconut wireless chatter that oh if you buy a dong boo policy you're putting your association risk because as a claim they may not have enough assets in hawaii to pay the claim and they could walk away and of course they we stood those their criticism for 10 years and i know many associations are right with dong boo but just for the audience's understanding tell us who dong boo is and address this issue about whether they're a credible resource here in hawaii okay well dong boo is a south korean company uh they're the third largest company in south korea behind comes like seven some some huge companies uh but uh just for hawaii dong boo was in guan sipan area since the eighties and they've gone through probably seven eight typhoons earthquakes major losses in the in guan and sipan and they've paid the claims they're still there they're still right in business they in 2006 well actually down 12 years ago but they came to hawaii and so they are one of the major carriers we use you know we have access to pretty much all the carriers too but we were fortunate to be selected by dong boo to be one of their agents i think they have seven agents that they have licensed but uh the things we care about uh are obviously are they financially sound well they're rated by am best am best is the foremost rating agency for insurance companies uh banks use that rating uh government agencies use that rating and stuff and am best specializes in rating insurance companies and they have all kinds of tests that they go in so they've measured dong boo's rating and they give them an a 15 and the a rating says that they're excellent in their claims paying ability with their surplus and then the uh 15 it's roman numeral 15 is the size of the company so they're rated 15 which is the largest company size within insurance carriers which means at a minimum they have over two billion of policy holder surplus uh so they are when the largest and am best says that they have excellent claims paying ability now within the state of hawaii they're uh under the supervision they're admitted so they're under the supervision of the state commissioner and uh when they first came in there was some criticism talk you know some agents didn't get licensed whatever but there was some criticism but dong boo and actually insurance commission commissioner at the time had issued a letter saying time out they're an excellent company they meet all our criteria they are financially sound uh so and they supervise continually supervise the company now one of the things about assets in hawaii that's been brought up before uh insurance carriers are required to have so much assets deposited in hawaii based upon the policy writings the premium rate so they the insurance commission measures that well over the years dong boo's obviously kept growing growing so they had to add more assets so you know so the commissioner rate and said okay you need x amount of assets why so they've had to add assets over the years so there might be that time between them getting audited went until they deposited the new amount there might be some lag in terms of they might not meet that requirement but they have and they're in good standing with the insurance commissioner it's interesting we're going to take a short break here about after I make my little statement here is that you know my wife's the treasurer of one of our condo associations and um we uh it was a developer turned over the association to the board and so we were in the process or she was in the process of along with the rest of the board of reviewing insurance policies and we went to your agency as well as a couple other agencies and and uh and I would say nothing against this carrier but the developer had written it with um Lloyds of London as a non admitted carrier we went out to review and try to improve on our insurance we were able to get through your agency the best quote and was written through dungbu and we had the lengthy discussion to make the board did with you on uh to make sure that it met the necessary criteria so in general I think we should just remember dungbu is an admitted carrier their license to do business in Hawaii they're a 15 carrier that they're worthy of consideration you know and and you they can ask all the tough questions which you should as a board or an owner but uh let's cut the argument whether or not they are a reliable source here in Hawaii because I think they've demonstrated over the last 10 years through their excellent claim paying as well uh that they are a reliable source here in Hawaii and on that note we're going to take a short one minute break and we write back with my good friend Ron Sugamaki and talk about association insurance I'm Jay Fidel think tech think tech loves energy I'm the host of Mina Marco and me which is Mina Morita former chair of the PUC former legislator and energy dynamics a consulting organization in energy Marco Mangelsdorf is the CEO of Provision Solar in Hilo every two weeks we talk about energy everything about energy come around and watch us we're on at noon on Mondays every two weeks on think tech Aloha Hey Aloha everybody thanks for joining us on think tech Hawaii I'm your host Andrew Lanning the security guy I host a program called security matters Hawaii and I hope you'll join us on Fridays we are at 10 a.m and we're going to be talking about those security things that really should be important to you and you know maybe get behind the scenes on some some things that you may not know about the industry or about products or even about your habits I'm security is all about people processes and products we hope to bring that to you in an informative and hopefully a useful way so again 10 10 a.m on Fridays security matters Hawaii on think tech Hawaii join me thank you welcome back to condo insider I'm sitting here with Ron Sugamaki from Atlas Insurance and we've had a very interesting discussion about our friends in the Big Island and volcano insurance and we talked about hurricanes and now I want to get back to the basics and basically we look at a condo association under the statute they have certain obligations to provide certain types of insurance it's not even a choice and so I'd like to start out with what I'm going to call property insurance and what is what is property insurance and kind of what was the short summary of what's provided under that well I try to make it as simple and says property insurance we we based it on two things what is the property you want to ensure and need to ensure and what are the perils that you're going to ensure them for so if you said it's is it a covered property yeah is it a covered ban we have coverage and so in condo 514b as you indicated requires all associations to carry property insurance for their common area elements and limited common area elements too so there we that's right out of the first paragraph within the statues under insurance so property insurance is what we cover need to cover for associations the perils we call the old name used to be all risk but all risk as exclusions so the insurance industry try to eliminate the perception of we cover everything change it called special perils but it used to be what we call all risk and basically that includes all you know all perils that are not excluded and the major areas that we cover are fire water damage hurricane for most of our clients the big major exclusions tend to be flood earthquake big one wear and tear you know we get into this battle constantly and but wear and tear you know certain I would say construction defects things like that that they don't cover but where do they get flood insurance then they if you know that's an issue of that you know particularly in Hawaii there are flood areas and I know there's flood zones and and the flood maps and those types of things so if they if that's an exclusion where do they get flood insurance and and are they required to have it only if they're in the flood zone well they get flood insurance most most of the coverage is through the national flood association FEMA program that is pretty standard and it's also subsidized by the government which they're trying to take away that subsidy over the next few years but so most carries right to the national flood association the the requirement really goes into even in 514 b they talk about associations should consider flood insurance if you're in a high hazard flood zone and that is an a or a v flood zone which means you're within the 100-year flood zone the other if you're outside and flood insurance through national flood is building specific they ensure this building and then another policy for that building so it's building specific so you might have buildings that are outside the flood zone and and technically you don't have to carry it but like I tell a lot of clients if you're close to a flood zone boundary I've never known a flood to stop because the line says stop right and in fact 20% of all floods paid through the national flood association are paid in non-hazardous zones well and so that's one reason we encourage our clients to consider flood but you know you're on top of the hill maybe not you know but if you're beside a stream we've had a lot of climate change a lot of flooding that hadn't existed before so besides property what other types of policies are associations mandated to carry certainly general liability you know there associations you know you have the trip and falls and all those kinds of liabilities so general liability is a pretty standard coverage most of the terms conditions are mandated by law so and the policy forms are all pretty much the same so that's one of the major coverages that all associations carry and the term I we hear a lot the umbrella what is what is an umbrella policy yeah it's sort of descriptive of the kind of coverage umbrella goes over the top of like your general liability policy it goes over the top of your if you had an auto or auto liability policy it'll go over the top of the auto liability policy it will in we have a specialty umbrella coverages that will actually go over the top of directors and officers policies and lastly it goes over the top of what we call under workers comp there's an employee liability policy that coverage and it'll go over the top of the employee liability you know one of the things we hear around the industry a lot is that one of the challenges of insurance in Hawaii for associations is director and officer liability that there's been a lot of claims and a lot of increased costs and it's not profitable to the carriers and and there's a lot of consternation over that that accurate or how do you what do you see them from your end well it's absolutely accurate unfortunately because uh we just had a meeting with a regional manager for one of the largest dno carriers were condominiums uh and they basically indicated that Hawaii's lost history over the past two years most recent two years has been significantly higher than their national program uh so they are reviewing their rates as we speak and they will probably be filing for rate increases later on in the year so that's uh that is a problem uh in Hawaii we've had a couple things that we've seen a lot more of recently and one has been uh there was a non-judicial foreclosure act and it I think the net has been now over 50 associations are drugging into this and the outcome is still unknown but it's uh you know it's costing the dno carriers a lot for legal fees and in fact uh last year the statistic from Hawaii was the average condominium claim cost over $30,000 uh and most of that's legal fees and when you think that most associations for a million dollars of limits pay around two thousand three thousand dollars you know when you look at the average claim being uh over 30 that's why we have it well the industry as a whole has tried to mitigate that I'm not saying it's been totally successful by having legislation passed guaranteeing what we call value of mediation before judge and let's talk about it before we sue each other to try to reduce these claims and the success of that program has been very good in a sense I think most about 80 percent of the claims that go to this mediation get resolved without going through all this legal process and cost so hopefully people out there will start to realize that making continuing to make claims is not going to be healthy to the industry you know and uh and because I see a lot of these claims I would say a lot of them are on the edge of being something that you know you can really make a legitimate argument about so but uh I see it's a real issue for the industry because everybody's costs are going to go up which means maintenance fees are going to go up yeah well I think you hit part of the answer in the associations and the industry has to do more to prevent claims you know you get into this dollar trading uh you know you got coverage so okay you know but and have the insurance companies step up and pay all those well they're not a non-profit they're going to try to recover those costs so uh the rates are going to go up significantly and uh you know again specialized condo programs there's basically three of them that really write a majority of the condos in Hawaii and uh if you start turning in claims and you get kicked out of that group you're back to the wild wild west and the non-standard market it's going to be expensive very you know I probably have a hundred more questions for you but we're down to our last minute so I'm going to thank you for being here and ask you if you'd be happy to come back sometime and talk some more about this so we can educate our board members and owners would you be wanting to come back in a future day absolutely and I want to thank all of you on watching condo insider our weekly show about association living uh Jane Sugimura my co-host will be here next week with an exciting show we hope you can tune in aloha


So good morning, lunchtime, whatever you want to call it. So I want to talk a little bit about OpenStrat as a solution for power effective or low power IP connectivity. So my name is Stefan. I'm working at the Huawei Open Source Technology Center. I'm a long background in open source. I started working like 2005. I started to look into kernel development and stuff like that. And over the last six, seven, eight years or something, I'm one of the co-maintenors of the 15.04 Substance and Linux kernel, which is not used in this talk, but I have a lot of 15.04 background and so on in this area. So what is the agenda for what I want to talk a little bit about? So giving a little bit of a scope to make sure what I want to talk and what is not part of it. So we all know that and what you can expect. I want to talk a little bit about the power budget we are talking about here. So because everybody is saying embedded IoT, everybody has very different opinions. It's a huge range of things that could be labeled as embedded IoT, right? So then I will talk a little bit of open thread, giving an overview. So I don't know, maybe some people have background in that and maybe not. So like setting a baseline here to have like a basic understanding, then have a few words on like bare metal versus a return operating system versus Linux. So also especially on how I used it. And then I go a bit more into the technical details of what open thread is using in terms of technology. So one of that is six low pan. I will talk about that, what it is and how it is used. And also things like multicast, DNS discovery and service registration protocol, which are more like new developments in thread to also help on the power side. And I will closing down with like some, talking a little bit of the work I did over the last year in form of a transparent gateway blueprint using these two kind of technologies and just one slide about an upcoming standard called Meta that might be relevant in that space later on. Okay, so let's go. Low power, low rate wireless. So that is like low rate means I'm not talking about like video streaming or not something like that. I'm talking about like a few bytes sensor data are being sent back and forth. So that's like what I'm talking about. And I want to make that very power efficient. So actually I can run the device on a coin cell battery for like years and not like just a day or week or something like that. I'm also talking about IP version six end to end. This is something that is very much to my heart. So there are a lot of solutions there for power and so on that give you a lot of characteristics and possibilities but they often don't go with a full IP stack or something like that. And they often don't really go with end to end connectivity. It's often at the hub or the gateway or something and it doesn't go up to your, the other device you're communicating with that could be the cloud, it can be something else. So that is also something I have in mind. And I'm also talking about mesh capabilities. So one of the few of these wireless solutions have like end to end connectivity which is working quite well for a lot of use cases but having mesh is like enabling a lot more wider nets to be available in your home, in your industry, in your factory or whatever. And I'm also talking about sleepy end devices which is like crucial for like the low power part here. Some caveats here. So I'm not working for the sweat group and the company I'm working for is also not a member of the sweat group or something, right? I'm really only looking at that for like an open source solution. So I was looking around what is available, what is like available in a form that I can integrate it easily and work with and maybe offer to some customers or partners or so on. Something so we wanted to use in the O'Neill project but I was looking around what is available and that's really based on the open source stuff here. So power budget. So the white screenshot you can see here that is from a white paper from the sweat group. So how they define their like power budget and how they think open sweat can be used on like small devices. So that's basically the calculations they are putting in there. So you can see like the link down below that's the link to the white paper that's all public available. So if you want to have all the details and everything like that, you can look into that. But it gives you an idea. So the scope they design or the sensor profile they're designing is like having a data report like every 60 seconds to maybe one hop or maybe a few more hops away and then checking in with a parent like every four seconds. So the checking in with a parent means the device is sleeping for the rest of the time. So that's very, very crucial for the power consumption that you have a way to like that the parent is holding the data for you while you can sleep and then checking in every few seconds or whatever time you want to define there. And the application data, so the payload itself it's they define something like 36 bytes that should be enough for some sensor data. It might depend on a use case and so on. So take all these numbers obviously with a grain of salt it has to be applied to your own use case needs but it's like a good baseline for you to understand what kind of things we are talking about. So I marked that up, you can see here that that is what they aim for like with this kind of profile they described here. So they go with a coincide battery with 200 milliampere and with all the calculations they are doing they hope to aim for something like three years. So even if you think that's like that is not what I'm using. I have more logic, I have more data or whatever I wake up more often or something. Even if that goes down to two years or something I think that's still very competitive and interesting use case you can like have your door sensor or something sitting there for two years instead of changing the battery like once a year or like over six months or something. So this is like the scope I want to talk about here. So how's the relation between 15.4 which is the underlying radio spec they're using in thread which is basically the same they're using ZigBee. So there are like a few functionalities within the spec that they are reusing in thread to make these kind of things possible. So there's like the reduced function set devices which are designed for like sleeping and being low power and so on. Some of them, some of the ships actually have like only receive or transmit capabilities. So that's how far down you can go. Most of the time you don't want that, you want to have both but you can, if you have a very specific use case there are also ships for that. And then there are things like in 15.4 there are things like the data request command to pull the parent. So that is what I meant with like waking up every four seconds, sending out this data command pull request and in the act that you're getting back there's already a bit field where you can say like there's a frame pending for you. And so then at that point you can say, okay, I need to ask for all the data from my parents that is queuing up there, getting it, processing it and then reacting in whatever way. And normally, hopefully that should be set to zero and that means I just work up send out one frame, get the arc, pass it, go down to sleep again. So that's like how you can really efficient do that in 15.4. So this whole relationship between sleepy end devices being a child, this whole relationship with the parent, a router in OpsetSpeak that is like what Opset really took over.  So in 15.4 you have like short and long addresses could be like 16 bit or 64 bit. And if you want to save power you might want to use like the 16 bit addresses only in a given small range that is working quite well and then you don't have to transmit that much data. Again, so here you can see like one example from Nordic with like there was like some data sheets that put out for like their power consumption on the Nordic chip. They're using the specific sample data for the 52, 840. And here you can see like the numbers they argue with these kinds of the measurements they're doing for like various setups like sleeping, data requests in different power conditions and so on. So this is like to help you to understand what the scope is here basically. And yes, there's a lot of other solutions and Wi-Fi and Bluetooth low energy are definitely high on the list. And they definitely have a very good use case and what I'm talking about here is might just not fit well for what you want to do. So these ones might be better. It really depends on the use case and the profile you're having. So they're both very well established already. So especially like finding them in your phones and so on. So for Bluetooth smart for example having like an accessory connection to your phone that's like where Bluetooth really shines because it's already there. That is something you can do with 15.4 or something. Bluetooth is like kind of on the same power budget. They're also sometimes like chips that's like using the same parts of the core maybe even the same antenna on something like that like the Nordic chips they can use like Bluetooth and 15.4 but there are other solutions as well. So that's definitely an interesting point but if you're going to go like full mesh and having IP over that then it gets more tricky because in mesh stuff in Bluetooth is, I mean it exists. It's not very widely deployed and this really has some problems here and there. Also had a lot of latency problems. If that is not a problem for your use case, go for it. It's like very well established and the same if you have like a lot of data you want to transfer or you want to reuse existing infrastructure like in a building or something like that by far is always there but you have to keep in mind power budget is very, very different. Just to be fair here and clearing that it's not like one thing to rule everything. So open thread overview. The thread group is like the governance body to do all of that. Like so they develop the specification basically so all the companies come together there paying a fee then you get access to the working groups and specification development. This is like behind closed doors if you're not a member you don't have access to that. The thread 1.1, so 1.0 as well but 1.1 specification is publicly available so you can get that and develop against it if you want. Members already have access to a newer one. Again, I'm not a member so I don't have access to that. I just want to list it up here that is like how you do it. And if you want to do certification so you want to really get a product out that you want to be certified against thread to make sure that everything is working together you need to be a member you have to pay a fee and so on to do that. But for my use case developing prototypes developing open source software around it it was completely fine to just go with the open thread open source project which does exist. It's under the BC3 license. It's very active and very welcoming. You have to sign the Google CLA if you want to do upstream contributions which is something I don't really like personally but that's just how it is. It's driven by mostly by Google and Nest employees but that doesn't mean they very actively react on feedback from the community or something like that. So that is good. And it's a very established code base and also used in commercial projects and so on. So it's really nice to have that available. So in thread you have like different device types. So I briefly mentioned that in the beginning we was having like reduced function devices and also have like full function devices and so on. So that is like a full thread device is something that can act as a router and it would forward packet this and always has the transceiver enabled which is obviously impacting how the power budget is for these kind of devices. And then you have like so called read devices, router eligible enterprises which are basically standby, which are a router standby device that can get a router if the network needs it to like have more a bigger coverage in the mesh and so on to fit, yeah, to cover more devices and the address of it basically.  They have reduced functionality are more designed for like low power and stuff like that. They're often designed as sleepy enterprises which I mentioned before like turning the transceiver off waking up only periodically and Paul messages from the parent described that already. And there's also something new which I think it's not part of the 1.1 spec. I see that they started to implement it in open thread. So I would expect it to be like in one of the newer specs which is synchronized schedule with the parents so synchronized sleepy devices. The key point here is that this needs a newer spec for the lower layers, the 50 note four layer. So it does normally spread needs like the 2006 edition this is really old. So normally all of the hardware would work with that. But for this one you would need a specific part called coordinated sample listening. So that is part of the spec and the hardware need to support that and so on. So this is something you keep in mind but it could help to have like synchronized schedules with your parent and even save a bit more battery. You also have different device roles. I touched on that with like the router being like forwarding packets and holding packets for as a parent for the child. So it's queuing them up until it wakes up. This always have to be in the reason obviously so you can't go ahead and say your child only wakes up like once a year and you expect the router to queue all the packets and everything that has been waiting for it. So that's not going to happen. But within reasons that is working well. Then you have the enterprises. They normally only communicate with their parent as a router and then you can disable the radio if you want. Then you have the threat leader which is basically like coordinating all the different routers in the network making sure that all the network information is distributed equally making sure that new devices can be commissioned into the network. I leave a lot of stuff out here because that would really go into a lot of details but threat is also allowing you to like how you commission a device into the network as a protocol called link establishment to make sure that all the links in the mesh networks are keep working and so on. So that is all like handled by the threat leader to make sure that it's distributed. And then you have a border router which would be a device which has on the one hand a link to a threat network. On the other hand have a link to a non-thread network and then being able to like root packets back and forth. This could be like commonly things are like the Apple TV and the Apple iPod, this pot thing, I don't know what's the name is, the speaker, whatever. So they have like devices, they have like Wi-Fi on the one side and threat on the other side and they would make sure that the packets are getting forwarded then back to the cloud or just in your home or something like that wherever you want it. And you're not bound to one. So you can have like several border routers in your home network which is great because if you like turn off your Apple TV or something like that then the threat network can just go over the other border routers and still be in communication. So you don't have a single point of failure at that point. Going to addressing. So it's IPv6 based. They have like different scopes for the addressing here. So they have like the link local which are all the directly reachable devices, the different nodes. And they're all within the FA80 IPv6 prefix. They also have a mesh local prefix. So that's like for all the devices in the mesh network they have a dedicated IPv6 prefix for that as well. And then you have like a global address that can be depending on the setting of your network can be reached either from the whole internet or it can be isolated or something like that. So it could be like isolated for your campus, your home, your factory or it can really reach out to like whatever server in the cloud where you want to put your data on or not. Which is really depending on how you set that up. If you want to go into more details of all the addressing. So that also has something called Routing Locator, ALOC, which they use very cleverly to like identify the nodes within the network topology in the network. So I don't go into that, it's going too far. But this something could be interesting if you want to know about that. Again, I put a link into that. So there's a guide about the thread primer from OpenThread where they talk about that in a bit more detail and also give links for further information. So give me a moment, that's better. So talking about OpenThread, the OpenSoft project, what kind of components do we have here? So we have, it's all sitting on GitHub and we have like one core repository called OpenThread. It's a core implementation, little of tools around and so on and also like the OpenThread daemon which is like a native POSIX service you can run under Linux if you want. And then you have like a load of different extra repositories where all the vendors can support their own socks and chipsets and so on and make sure that that is working. So this can be used for like the bare metal scenario where you run OpenThread and then combine that with one of these repositories and run bare metal. So basically what these repositories are like are the whole or the SDK from the vendor and then integrating that with OpenThread. So you can have like a use case for that. There's also a repository called OTRTOS which is based on FreeRTOS together with the LWIP. A networking stack. Haven't seen a lot of work going on there recently. So I think it's like a bit on a maintenance state or something, but it is there. And then there's the OTBR POSIX repo which is the full implementation of a border return on the Linux side, which takes most of the OpenThread repository like the OT daemon and so on then has all the glue around it to make all the services work and so on. And then there's an older thing called WPEN TUN which is used for network co-processing, interfacing. I come to that in a moment. So and then in addition to that, there's also the integration of OpenThread as a module into Zafire. So Zafire as in OTRTOS. They basically take the main repository and like add all the glue code you might need to make it work together with OpenThread. And that is something I've been using in my work. So bare metal with OTRTOS, with Linux just makes it short. There are use cases for all of these, definitely. Bare metal, obviously if you are sure you want to only go with a specific ship set, you have a very good relation with your vendor, for example, and you want to go to a really, really minimal approach. You might want to go that route. You can bring the price down if you go like high volume or stuff like that. It's normally, it's a sock design. It's normally go for like sleepy enterprises and minimal enterprises and it's normally battery powered. So really, you optimize for price here. You lose obviously flexibility. If you go for an RTOS, you might need a more pricey ship because you need more RAM and so on, but then you have more flexibility. Maybe you already have an application that running on an RTOS. You want to bring over some business logic or whatever, right? So you have to trade off here. And as I said, there's OTRTOS and OpenThread and Zafire to use that and you can do all kinds of designs for that. You can go from sleepy enterprises up to like a full router. I think I even saw like a solution on Zafire's side with being a full border router with OpenThread. I don't know if I would do that, but it seems to be possible. And as I said, the use cases means that you can either be battery or main powered at that point. The Linux side on the other hand, you normally would not go and make that just an enterprise. You could do that. I mean, there's something like OT Damian which can basically just act as an enterprise if you want to. And there's the full setup is OT border router. And then there's like two scenarios how you would use that. There's like the RCP and the NCP. So it's the radio coprocessor and the networking coprocessor. The main difference here being like how much of the thread stack is actually operating on the firmware on the radio side and how much is sitting on the Linux side. So the network coprocessor, there's almost all of the thread stuff is sitting in the radio firmware.  But in the radio coprocessor is more like more the logic is sitting on the Linux side. So that is right now RCP is a bit more like in favor of this OTBR and so on. But again, depending on your use case, how you want to do that. But these devices are normally main powered.  You could do that, but normally I would expect these things to be like main powered. Okay, so going to the technologies that are used in OpenThread. One of these things, one of the key things they are using is six low pan. So six low pan, what is it? So it's like really like decades ago, people want to do like low wireless, low power wireless as well. But at that point, everybody's had like TCP IPs. That's just a waste of, just wasteful, right? We don't want to do that. We have like our own solution. We have our silos. We have like one vertical use case only where we go and we want to develop that. And we don't care about like working with other vendors, other systems and so on. So that worked for a while. And to be fair, at that point, the ships obviously haven't had like enough resources for all of that. But around 2003, they started to look a bit more into like micro IP stacks to get that into micro controllers. See what they can do there. But at that point, the focus was obviously more like trying to get it working at all and not so much focusing on frame size and like deployability and stuff like that. So in 2003, also the first 15.4 they're not have been kicked off. And that drove a lot of like academics, but also like industry to like look into how that could maybe use for low rate, low power with IP. And in 2007, they started to have like ITRFCs that actually define how you would do that. So Six Low-Pent is an RFC that helps you to like transmit IP version six over 15.4 frames. And by now, there's been a lot of like new RFCs coming out of that. So Six Low-Pent was, so 15.4 was the first one, but they also adapted it for Bluetooth, NFC, PLC and all the things. I think I missed a lot here. Okay, so what is it in a nutshell? So what Six Low-Pent is offering you is like it offers you one encapsulation and second header compression. So it is sitting as an adaption layer between link layer and the original networking layer. So it's sitting in between. And that normally means because for like IP version six, you need like 1,280 bytes like as a maximum packet size that might be used. And that is clashing very much with like the 127 byte maximum transfer unit that 15.4. So that's like a definitely a mismatch. So at that point, you needed to bring back like fragmentation, which was not really seen like needed for IP version six anymore. So they bring that back in the encapsulation frame. You still should avoid it if possible. So if you design your upper layers and you can avoid it to like send too much data that end up in fragmentation because it can have like bad performance in a lossy network, but it's still, it is possible to do. The second part is the header compression. So IP version six has like a 40 byte header you would need to put in there. And if you see like 127 byte, it's the MTU. That means 40 byte of that is like a huge chunk already taken just for a header for one of the protocols, right? So what they implemented or what they specified is was like how they can reduce the size of the IP version six header and maybe also the header coming along like UDP and so on. So that's what they, what they're done. And they have been a lot of iterations around that. So you have like header compression one, header compression two, IP header compression, next header compression, generic header compression. So a lot of these things going on. The first one, the first two are no longer used but the rest is still in use some here. So to demonstrate that a little bit, you go ahead and like have like a scenario where you have like your frame header that can be like, so I'm taking like the worst case scenario here, right? So 25 bytes as a frame header itself, then you want to have like link security already enabled for AES encryption stuff like that and 15.4 that is something the specs supports. You want that, so it's 21 bytes gone as well. Then you put the raw 50 IP version six header in, 40 bytes, then UDP and you end up with like 33 bytes of payload, which is a very bad ratio for like for one frame to get a bit data through. But it's obviously not ideal. So what IP version six is in a nutshell here, right? So the IP header compression, it looks, what kind of fields in the IP version six header are available and which we really need and the other ones we don't need, we can just screw, right? So like the version, it is always six because we know we only transfer IP version six header there. The traffic class and the flow level, we set to zero, we ignore that. It is a limitation, but it's something we are willing to pay at that point. And for like the hop limit, for example, instead of having the full range, we are only having like well-known values like 164 and stuff like that. So it's really reducing the scope and the number of bytes we need to do there. So length field, again, can be coming from the fragmentation header or it can come from the data link header. Yes, I know that it's kind of a layer violation if you want to look at it like that, but that is what really helping it to like make it work and make it work in a very good way, basically. So, but the other big saving is to don't have like the big IP version six addresses transmitted all the time. This is depending a little bit on the network setup and what the other end is for the communication. So how much of the prefix you have to integrate into that. But if it's linked local, the prefix is known by the network, so you can delete that. And the rest of the local address is basically just a part of the MAC address from the device itself, which is coming from the L2 already. So you can reuse that as well. So you can delete all of that if you want. And then you end up with six bytes instead of the 48 or something we had before with UDP and IP version six. So again, something we didn't change here is like the frame header and the link security. That is still all the same, but the red stuff is that what we reduced down. And that means we have like payload up to 75 bytes, which is quite good at that point. So the ratio is a lot better. Some Michelinius tips, I mentioned that before. If you can avoid it, design your upper layers in a way that they are not resulting in fragmentation of, so really make sure that you can fit it in one frame if possible. For sensor data that might be enough, for others not, it is working. It's not like so dramatic or something, but if you have a lossy network with some frames are getting lost, it's kind of really have an impact. Also initially there was a big push forwards to avoiding TCP, having the three way handshakes, the latency involved with that, with all the TLS and so on. There was a big push of going just for UDP and TLS. By now there is support for TCP in OpenStrat, and it is working better now. There are some solutions. Some people on the Berkeley University, they have been like working on like, how can they optimize that and so on. So it's working better now, but yeah, you have to make your trade off there as well. And then again, there's like protocols like co-op, like constraint application protocol, also designed by ITF for these kind of networks, but you don't have to use that. So there are other ones you can go with. Okay, so the next thing, I wanted to look a little bit into it because that's like related to power budget, power management, no, power management, sorry, for like the power budget for the whole network basically. So, okay, thanks. So there's like multicast DNS discovery proxy, which has been developed, and there's a service registration protocol. So the first one is already an idea, it's already a spec, it's already there. And the idea is to avoid sending the multicast traffic you're having into the threat network because in the threat network, that is broadcast. That means every device gets it, it might get filtered out on the hardware filter, or it might get filtered out really early in the stack, but still there might be some processing. And in the end, this data that's wasted and battery cycles that are wasted to do that, right? So what multicast, what the discovery proxy is doing, it's really, it's reaching out, finding all these kinds of services are available and offering them over unicast. So basically you can reach out, do that on the threat network and have the proxy sitting on the water router, and that would allow you to have like unicast traffic only to the one device you want to talk with, and then do all the data communication you are going to do, and instead of like broadcasting to all the traffic. This is really what reduced it down basically. And together with that, there's a service registration protocol. This is still a draft and development, but there was the idea coming, I think also coming from the threat people that they wanted to have like a way of register that with the boiler router directly. So the small end node would say I have a service, but I don't want to be available all the time to like react on that. So I register myself, I'm here, and then I can get waking up and then have the transfer going on. All of this is optimization. You don't have to do that. And the end-to-end paradigm from IPv6 is still working. So when I initially talked about like the history of six local and stuff like that, where you had like a vertical stacks and no interoperability with others and so on, that was like often the case because you have like an application level proxy where you would have like doing all the handling and so on. This is not the case here. There's no interruption or something like that. It's still the same. Which brings me to what I've been doing like on the last year, working on a transparent gateway blueprint. Transparent here is the part where I say there's the end-to-end paradigm, it's still standing. So you don't have anything in between. You want to have maybe a fireball or some rules or something like that, but the rest is still there. So that's something I've been working on for the NIO project. So the idea was to have like a Wi-Fi access point, have like ethernet obviously connected. And then you have like a border route on the, to host your mesh and stuff like that. On the Linux side, and then you have like small end devices in our case with the fire to also run open thread to either be like driving whatever application. So a door lock and stuff like that. So we have, we toyed around with various things here. So you can see a picture of what I did there. So it's, I try to use like very common devices that are easily available on the shelf. So it's the Raspberry Pi 4. And then you have like here, this is a Arduino device with a Nordic chip set, which is very well supported in the fire. And here's another Nordic device as a USB dongle which acts as the radio coprocessor basically. So the idea was really to like start a bit fresh, take modern technologies that we have and try to develop something in that space that might be interesting for our partners. So the current demo is like based on open thread on low-pan. It's all done and built with Yocto. All the receipts I did for that are upstreamed already. The fire side as well. All the, we didn't really have to do much fixes, but what we did is upstreamed already. They are very active working on that.  So that is all the integration. And so it's working. And it's basically also a very nice kind of a turn case solution but because the thread group is offering an Android application that allows you to onboard devices. So that is why you have the barcode here or the QR code here. So that means I take like the thread dongle, the thread device out of box and want to onboard it to my network. So what I can do is like I saw on the packaging on the device itself, I have the QR code. I scan that, the mobile app initiates the commissioning with the border router and then it like integrates the device and the network without even the networking key never leaving like the network itself. So it's getting transferred over and then the device is onboard into the network and then have all the IP connectivity it wants to have. Just one more thing about Matters. It's an upcoming standard. It's interesting because it uses thread and it's also designed in the application layer protocol on top of that. It is also an open source implementation of that. The spec itself and the SDK to be like 1.0 is expected to come later this year. I don't know at what point it will happen or not but it's designed by the connectivity standards aligned which was formerly the ZigBee aligned. So that's like they still do ZigBee but Matters like the next big thing what they're planning on. And it's basically a lot of big players going in there like Apple, Amazon, Google, you name it. They're all there. The interesting part here saw is that they have a mechanism called multi-admin and what they aim for is having like devices connected to multiple platforms. So that means I bring in my device in my home network and whatever I have an Android phone I want to control it with Google Home or something or my brother wants to control it with what's the Apple thing called like HomeKit or something, right? It should in theory work with all of them. So that's one of the promises they are doing. You have to see if that holds up or not. That we have to see in practice but I think it's very interesting and for me obviously it's interesting because it allows like these whole mechanisms of having like sleepy end device and something like that. That goes from the bottom up to open thread into Matter as well to really make sure that you have like a door sensor that can live for like two years or something like that. And with that, I'm closing down. Thank you for your attention. Also, thank you for the internet for your attention and we have a whoever boost down. I'm sometimes there if you want to catch me or maybe you have a few minutes left. I don't know. Okay, so, questions? Go ahead. Okay. Okay. Okay. So what was he? It is, yeah, it's also very costly. Okay. So I mean, I've seen it like running for customers in deployments and so on. So it is possible. It is more like, yeah. This is a fair point. Yeah. I mean, that's definitely going that direction. But as I said, I don't know. We have to see what it really holds up to. I mean, that's the expectations we have but if it's really brings that, not. Yeah. But it's a fair point. Good. Thank you. But I mean, you're using like mesh. Bluetooth mesh. Okay. And you have no problems with latency and stuff like that for the application you're having there. Yeah, depending on use case, obviously, yeah. But it's good to know. Thanks. Okay, thank you. Over there. Not at all. I can talk about it, but it's not fitting in at all. So I'm the cost. Really? I will it. Okay. So my, okay, that's not part of the presentation, but yeah, I'm the cost as a sub maintainer of 504 Linux. And I obviously have an interest in that. One thing could be to have like an abstraction, hardware abstraction in open thread to run that instead of like going through all the spindle stuff and so on, talking to your radio coprocessor. You would go directly and talk to the radios to the next steps and so on. I've been thinking about that. There haven't been any work done yet. I would love to do it, but it's more like a spare time thing or something. So yeah, it's on my personal to-do list. I don't know when I come to it. No problem. Okay, so time for one more question. Okay, nobody. Okay, thanks again. Thanks again for your attention and bye-bye.