alysis Results for BPD are mixed In this study Klein and allies Examine the effectiveness and safety Of the adjunctive views Of an internet-based self-management intervention Based on schema therapy In addition to care, as usual In patients with BPD So the outcomes were There were large reductions In the severity of BPD symptoms As measured in various ways In people who used an internet-based intervention method And this difference was statistically significant There was no statistically significant difference In the number of serious adverse events Between the two groups So the conclusion was that Treatment with an internet-based intervention module Did not result in improved outcomes over care, as usual Although the average reduction was greater in this group Compared to the reduction in symptoms Was greater in this group compared to the control group This difference was not statistically significant The authors Believe that Because many of the patients were receiving psychotherapy The study should be taken with a grain of salt But it's interesting It's interesting because many people resort to the internet As a first option You know, support groups, forums Even internet-based psychotherapy This study seems to indicate that it's not working Many groundbreaking and earth-shattering discoveries I thought I'd bring them to your attention Thank you for surviving We'll see you next time Good afternoon, dear students This is a half-credit lecture for the CIAPS Outreach Program of CIAPS Center for International Advanced Professional Studies Those of you who had forgotten during the pandemic And another thing you had forgotten is to hand in your assignments Half of you, more than half of you Haven't done so I don't know, you're twiddling your thumbs Or shudder the thought twiddling some other part of you So quit twiddling and start handing in Submitting your assignments from the last lecture Last lectures, actually Okay, enough with hectoring and preaching Today we are going to discuss meaning Meaning, the role of meaning in therapy Now we are going to use three examples Three treatment modalities Three therapies Which have based themselves explicitly On the meaning of life On introducing meaning, context and sense Into the client's life Or deriving meaning, context and sense Out of the patient's or client's life And the way he describes his life Also known in clinical terms as personal narrative Meaning is a very important thing I tend to agree with Viktor Frankl Who had suggested that Freud got it essentially wrong When he said that life revolves around pleasure That Adler got it wrong When he had suggested that life revolves around power And that life actually revolves around making sense Significance Meaning Direction Goal Purpose Structure And order In this sense Jordan Peterson is right When he posits chaos against order And claims that order is the key to mental health And so today we are going to discuss meaning How do we introduce meaning into a life That ostensibly is chaotic Is all over the place Discombobulated, disintegrated How do we, how do we impose structure and order On people who decompensate Who defiantly and contumaciously react Reactence On people who confuse external objects and internal objects In short, how do we make sense of mental illness And once we make sense of the lives of the mentally ill Do they stop being mentally ill? Is this the key? Were these people simply anomic? Were people, are people with mental illness Simply people who fail to make sense of the world Of their lives Who find no meaning, no purpose, no direction No structure, no order Is this why many of them end up In hermeneutic, explanatory and organizing systems Like religion Because they're defined but they're missing And are these solutions like religion Not much worse than the problem? Swapping one delusion for another One illusion for another Is this an acceptable mental health strategy? But we tend to do this a lot in our daily lives What is love? What is love? If not a delusional disorder By the way, biochemically in the brain It resembles very much a mental health disorder I refer you to my video on this YouTube channel Titled Love as a Pathology Where I summarized the latest findings Love is indistinguishable, or more precisely The stage of limerence, the stage of infatuation Is indistinguishable for mental illness And I'm talking about the brain Functional magnetic resonance imaging So here we swap one One intolerable situation, a meaningless life For a delusion called love Because love structures our lives Love gives us direction, purpose, goal, etc In extreme cases, love deteriorates into stalking Similarly, substance abuse, drugs, alcohol They provide an exoskeleton They imbue life with meaning And that's why they are so difficult to eradicate To reverse That's why rehab Rehab is a spectacular failure Because rehab tackles the psychological and physiological elements of addiction But does not tackle the normal logical, the axiological Aspects, the lack of meaning in the addict's life So today I would like to discuss three Treatment modalities Which leverage meaning, use meaning as a healing tool And start with the power, threat, meaning framework PTMF or PTM framework And I want to read to you what these people say about themselves The PTMF framework was developed by both Psychologists and psychiatrists This was one group of psychologists and psychiatrists And they teamed up They teamed up with social workers, neighborhood activists and so on So they went down They went to the grass roots They went to the neighborhoods They went to homeless people They went to mentally ill people They went to mental as well I mean they dirtied their hands They didn't stay in the lab or in this lecture hall And just theorize and you know They didn't consider themselves public intellectuals They consider themselves frontline health workers And they collaborated with everyone who was fighting back Battling against the pandemic of mental illness Because that's by far a pandemic that's larger Than COVID or anything else we have known About one third of the adult population in most western countries Is diagnosed with a major mental illness So the power, threat, meaning framework And now I'm reading from their own publication Is a new perspective on why people sometimes Experience a whole range of forms of distress Confusion, fear, despair and trouble or troubling behavior And it is an alternative to the more traditional models Based on psychiatric diagnosis It was co-produced with service users And applies not just to people who have been in contact With the mental health or criminal justice systems But to all of us The framework summarizes and integrates A great deal of evidence About the role of various kinds of power in people's lives The kinds of threat that misuses of power Post to us And the ways we have learned as human beings to respond to threat In traditional mental health practice These threat responses are sometimes called symptoms The framework also looks at how we make sense Of these difficult experiences And how messages from wider society Can increase our feelings of shame Self-blame, isolation, fear and guilt That's a bit, I'm just cutting off right here To interject and say that it's very reminiscent Of Pete Walker's rendition of flight, fight, Form and freeze responses And I encourage you to have a look at that part of his work He got it completely wrong on emotional flashbacks And many other things But he expostulates very wisely and deeply And profoundly on these four types of responses Continue with the text The main aspects of the framework Are summarized in these questions Which can apply to individuals, families or social groups Number one, what has happened to you? How is power operating in your life? Number two, how did it affect you? What kind of threats does this pose? Number three, what sense did you make of it? What is the meaning of these situations and experiences to you? Number four, what did you have to do to survive? What kinds of threat response are you using? In addition, the two questions below Help us to think about what skins and resources people might have And how we might pull all these ideas and responses together Into a personal narrative or a story And this story comprises a few other questions Or answers a few other questions For example, what are your strengths? What access to power resources do you have? What is your story? How does it all fit together? So you see, this framework relies heavily on narrative construction And there's a firm underlying assumption That by constructing a reasonable, internally consistent And externally consistent narrative One can derive meaning And that meaning empowers and that empowerment Is the first step towards healing And the disappearance of what we call today In traditional psychiatry, symptoms I'm continuing from the text of the PTM framework Possible uses of the PTM framework The power-threat meaning framework can be used as a way of helping people To create more hopeful narratives or stories About their lives and the difficulties they may have faced Or are still facing Instead of seeing themselves as blameworthy, weak, deficient Or, quote-unquote, mentally ill The power-threat meaning framework highlights the links Between wider social factors such as poverty Discrimination and inequality Inequality along with traumas such as abuse and violence And the resulting emotional distress or troubled behavior The framework also shows why those of us Who do not have an obvious history of trauma or adversity Can still struggle to find a sense of self-worth Meaning and identity The framework describes the many different strategies people use From automatic bodily reactions, somatization To deliberately chosen ways of coping with overwhelming emotions In regulating emotions In order to survive and protect themselves And meet their core needs The framework suggests a wide range of ways That may help people to move forward For some people this may be therapy Or other standard interventions Including if they help someone to cope Psychiatric drugs But for other people the main needs Will be for practical help For resources, perhaps along with peer support Art, music, exercise, nutrition, community activism, and so on Underpinning all of this The framework offers a new perspective on distress Which takes us beyond the individual And shows that we are all part of a wider struggle for a fairer society One of the most important aspects of the framework Is the attempt to outline common or typical patterns In the ways people respond to the negative impacts of power In other words, patterns of meaning-based responses to threat When we are confronted with threat, we seek meaning This part of the framework, like all of it Is still a process in development However, the evidence summarizing the framework does suggest That there are common ways in which people in a particular culture Are likely to respond to certain kinds of threat Such as being excluded, rejected, trapped, coerced, or shamed It may be useful to draw on these patterns To help develop people's personal stories These general patterns can help to give people A message of acceptance and validation The patterns can also assist us in designing services That meet people's real needs, as well as suggesting ways Of accessing support, benefits, and so on That are not dependent on having a diagnosis In addition, the framework offers a way of thinking About culturally specific understandings of distress Without seeing them through a western diagnostic model So in other words, the framework is not culture-bound It doesn't crucially, critically depend on a cultural context A societal context, or a context of the period in history In which it operates The framework encourages, and I'm continuing from the text The framework encourages respect for the many creative And non-medical ways of supporting people around the world And the varied forms of narrative and healing practices That are used across cultures And in concluding remarks, they say Taking the PTM framework further It is important to note that power-threat meaning Is an overarching framework which is not intended To replace all the ways we currently think about And work with distress Instead, the aim is to support and strengthen The many examples of good practice which already exist While also suggesting new ways forward The framework has wider implications than therapeutic or clinical work The main document, and referring to a specific foundation document Suggests how it can offer constructive alternatives In the areas of service design and commissioning Professional training, research, service user involvement And public information There are also important implications for social policy And the wider role of equality and social justice It is a work in progress offered as a resource For any individuals, groups, or organizations Interested in developing it further And I add that this framework Has, is proving its value and its relevance Especially now during the pandemic When traditional tools have been taken away from us When we have been isolated and alienated from the familiar When everything, including loved ones, can be perceived as a threat And where whatever happens outside makes no sense whatsoever And so our lives are rendered increasingly more meaningless So the framework can help you restore meaning Create a new narrative which will empower you in different ways And allow you to reintegrate with people Familiar people and new people I strongly encourage you to delve into this Everything is available online They welcome contributors and contributions Contributions that don't mean money Intellectual contributions Ideas, observations, shared experiences They welcome all of you So I strongly encourage Now, the second treatment modality I would like to discuss Typically, immodestly, is my own I had developed a treatment modality Called, dubbed, called therapy Called, like in Coldberg Called therapy Cold therapy now with its extension Nothingness, nothingness narrative construction Cold therapy and nothingness narrative construction Is all about meaning I actually started my work on cold therapy By re-reading Frankl's writings We'll come to Viktor Frankl a bit later But cold therapy is about me A cold therapy is a therapy That eliminates grandiosity It eliminates grandiosity in narcissistic disorders of the self Including narcissistic personality disorder And it eliminates grandiosity in depressive narratives A big source, perhaps the biggest source Of depression, dysphoria, anhedonia in people Is the discrepancy between their expectations Their self-image, their self-perception Which is often inflated illusory delusional Grandios and reality And I call these the grandiosity gap Cold therapy works well with narcissists And with people with depressive people People with depressive illnesses Precisely because both narcissism and depression Share a common etiology The grandiosity gap The gap between reality and how you would have liked to see yourself What Freud called the ego ideal Now here's the thing Grandiosity is a cognitive deficit It impairs reality testing Of course, it distorts input from the outside To fit into the grandios narrative So in this sense Grandiosity and its agent, the false self They provide the narcissists and the depressive With meaning The false self is a narrative It's a piece of fiction It's a story It's a movie And it provides meaning, context, purpose, direction, goal It has explanatory power And organizing, structure, organizing power To generate structure and order in the narcissist's life So when we take away the grandiosity When we take away the false self We actually dismantle the false self Call therapy is about dismantling the false self in narcissism And to some extent in depressive patients So when you take away this You take away the main engine of meaning in the narcissist's life The narcissist is left with a life That appears to be arbitrary, capricious, threatening, hostile, meaningless No context, no sense, no direction, no purpose, no nothing No structure, no order The narcissist drifts like a feather in a hurricane He loses his bearings He has no inner compass The false self is an exoskeleton It's an external skeletal Very similar to an addiction It has the same psychodynamic function Functions of an addiction Provides a narcissist with an external skeletal Something that holds him together We take away this skeleton Take away this scaffolding And the whole edifice of the narcissist crumbles Because it's a house of cards So when we take away the false self in call therapy We take away meaning Now this meaning is delusional It's pathological It's based on a severe cognitive deficit It has little to do with reality So it impairs reality testing It's not healthy, it's not good The precondition for healing is to take away this distorted meaning And the generator of this meaning Which is the false self So when you take away the false self By dismantling it, the narcissist re-experiences Lives through You remember the video about flashbacks? Revivedness Relives his traumas But this time he's an adult I take away his false self He re-experiences his traumas Because he has no protection left It's like taking away the shell from a turtle He becomes a tortoise Turtle without a shell And so he re-experiences the harshness of reality The injuries The mortifications The traumas The narrative The disparaging narratives The sadistic hateful introjects He experiences suddenly all this And he has zero protection Because he has no grandiosity And no false self But this time he's an adult And so this time he can try To make sense out of his harrowing Horrible life experiences He can construct a new narrative That is not delusional That is reality-based That makes sense and gives his life Structure, order, direction, meaning and purpose This is the core of cold therapy It's forcing the narcissist Forcing the depressive patient To let go To let go Of a dysfunctional delusional, sick, constricting, crippling Meaning-generating narrative Get rid of it Trash it And then bravely and courageously Faced the pain The fountain, the tsunami of pain And hurt and damage and shame And guilt to some extent Have to face it And have to integrate it in a new story In a new narrative that makes sense And would continue to make sense Now in AA, Alcoholics Anonymous They more or less Force you to do the same To go through the same path Of letting go of your grandiosity And then having to face the people you've hurt During your alcoholic bouts The damage you have caused And then to integrate all this Into a narrative of healing and recovery It all boils down to the same Effectively Get rid of dysfunctional pathological defenses Deficits, biases Get rid Stop renouncing reality Stop as collectively called it Rejecting life Embrace life Embrace who you are Flood and invalid as you are Accept yourself Nurture and parent yourself Or reparent yourself Extricate yourself this time With your own power Out of the trauma Of your early childhood And heal Heal via meaning Which leads us To the last treatment modality And by far The most dominant and important And that's logotherapy Logotherapy Was invented by Viktor Frankl Viktor Frankl had the most amazing story He was He survived in Auschwitz The indescribable hell on earth An inferno-raified and embodied In Poland A concentration and extermination camp Most people were lucky Were lucky or unfortunate To survive six months in Auschwitz This guy Viktor Frankl survived for three and a half years Three and a half years in hell With devils and demons in human form SS guards and so on And he has emerged With lessons He has emerged with his mental health Largely intact A bit of grandiosity there But largely intact And he leveraged his experiences To help humanity And he invented logotherapy Logotherapy I'm quoting now from the Website of the Logotherapy Institute Viktor Frankl's logotherapy is based on the premise That the human person Is motivated by a will to meaning An inner pool to find a meaning in life The following list of tenets Represents basic principles of logotherapy One, life as meaning under all circumstances Even the most miserable ones Even in Auschwitz Number two Our main motivation for living Is our will to find meaning in life Number three We have freedom We have freedom to find meaning in what we do And what we experience Or at least in the stand that we take When we are faced with the situation of unchangeable suffering How we react to suffering Is in itself Meaning or generates meaning The human spirit Referred to in logotherapy Is defined as that Which is uniquely human Though in no way opposed to religion The term is not used In a religious sense So how do we discover meaning? According to Frankl We can discover this meaning in life In three different ways Number one By creating a work Or doing a deed Creativity Number two By experiencing something Or encountering someone And number three By the attitude we take Toward unavoidable suffering Everything can be taken from a man But one thing The last of human freedoms To choose one's attitude In any given set Of circumstances On the meaning of suffering Frankl gives the following example Once An elderly Elderly Old general practitioner Consulted me An old medical doctor Consulted me Because of his severe depression He could not overcome the loss of his wife Who had died two years before And whom he had loved Above all else Now how could I help him? What should I tell him? I refrain from telling him anything But instead I confronted him with a question What would have happened doctor? If you had died first Then your wife would have had to survive you Oh he said For her this would have been terrible How she would have suffered Whereupon I replied You see doctor Such a suffering has been spared her And it is you who have spared her this suffering But now you have to pay for it By surviving By mourning her He said no word But he shook my hand Her calmly left the office Viktor Frankl vignette All psychotherapies Make a base of course On implicit or explicit assumptions Usually implicit philosophical Even metaphysical assumptions We make assumptions When we create a new psychotherapy When I created my treatment modality We make assumptions About what it is To be human And more importantly What it is to be a person In other words In other words What it is to have a personality To be distinguished To be an individual Is there such a thing? Some treatment modality is disputing They say individuals are not atoms They are not divorced from their environment There's no such thing as individual That's a western invention So there's a lot of debate And psychotherapies clash In their description of their subject matter The patient or the client None of these assumptions Can be proven with certainty It's not a science It's literature at best And bad metaphysics at worst The assumptions of logotherapy Include the following The human being is an entity Consisting of body, mind, and spirit So that excludes logotherapy for me For example Because I would never I'm a scientist by training My original academic degrees are in physics I cannot accept the concept of spirit Things I cannot define Don't exist for me But it may apply to the vast majority of humanity Who do believe in souls, spirits, ghosts, demons, and I don't know what else So this is one assumption of logotherapy Sumption number two Life is meaning Under all circumstances Even the most miserable Even when millions of people are exterminated In front of your eyes In a horrible wintery camp In the middle of nowhere in Poland Auschwitz Number three People have a will to meaning They want meaning Like Adler's will to power And Freud's will to pleasure Indeed, Frankl suggested that this is the third school of psychoanalysis This will to meaning And number four People have freedom Under all circumstances To activate the will to find meaning Number five Life has a demand quality To which people must respond If decisions are to be meaningful And number six The individual is unique Which of course reflects Biosys of western thinking Of the enlightenment Biosys that started in the 17th and 18th century And reached their apex in the 19th and 20th century The concept of the individual Which is alien Alien to cultures and societies For example in Asia And in some parts of Africa So this is highly western Western-centered The first assumption Deals with the body, soma The mind, psyche, the spirit, noose According to Frankl The body and the mind are what we have And the spirit is what we are Assumption number two is ultimate meaning This is difficult to grasp But it is something everyone experiences And it represents an order In a world with laws That go beyond human laws It's not the laws of nature These are metaphysical Laws Sometimes translated Sometimes they appear in the form of religion But even when you're not religious Even when you're agnostic like me Or you have the religion of atheism You're a non-theistic religious person Or your religion is science Even then There are these unspoken laws Kind of ambient Ambient canon Codex Of how the world behaves The etiquette of existence, if you wish The third assumption is seen as our main motivation For living and acting When we see meaning We are ready for any type of suffering This is considered to be different Than our will to achieve power and pleasure Assumption four is that we are free To activate our will to find meaning And this can be done under any circumstances This deals with change of attitudes about unavoidable fate Frankel was able to test the first four assumptions When he was confined in the concentration camps And successfully saw Let me tell you this Any psychotherapy that helped someone survive Auschwitz It's worth considering The fifth assumption The meaning of the moment Is more practical in daily living than ultimate meaning Unlike ultimate meaning The meaning of the moment can be found and fulfilled This can be done by following the values of society Or by following the voice of our conscience Not much of a difference, by the way Our conscience is internalized society It's an introjected via the process of socialization The sixth assumption deals with one's sense of meaning This is enhanced by the realization that we Are irreplaceable, unique In essence, all humans are unique With an entity of body, mind and spirit We all go through unique situations We are constantly looking to find meaning We are free to do this at all times In response to certain demands Victor Frankel, like Zygmunt Freud, was a neurologist But unlike Zygmunt Freud, he was also a psychiatrist And he believed that the primary motivational force Is meaning in life He believes that if you're motivated by money If you're motivated by sex or power Your motivation will not last long And it will not sustain you As a functional, integrated entity Meaning does this Meaning is the glue that holds everything together And when you look at models, models of the psyche When parts in these models interact And I'm not only talking about Freud's tripartite model I'm talking about Jung's model I'm not only talking about psychoanalytic or psychodynamic models Or object relations models Any model, including behaviorist models They necessitate meaning A leads to B This teleology is to some extent embedded A leads to B Because A needs to do something to B Or with B in order to achieve C There is If I were religious, I would say there's a mind, a designer But of course evolution gives a sufficient answer for this And God is, as Pascal said, an unnecessary assumption So logotherapy is in many respects existential I mean belongs to the school of existentialism And it is openly, I mean, Frank Lloyd meets That he derived it from Kierkegaard's will to meaning And Alfred Adler was influenced by Nietzsche Nietzsche's will to power While Frankl was influenced by Kierkegaard and his will to meaning Freud was influenced by Gloiler and others And he came with a will to pleasure Logotherapies says that you must, you always strive to find meaning in life This was primary, most foundational, most powerful Motivating and driving force And I advise you to read the book Men's Search for Meaning Which is the accessible Because Frankl has many technical, highly obtuse and complicated books Which I also recommend to read I mean they're very, very important But if you want to get the gist of it And how shall I say the spirit of it Then Men's Search for Meaning In this book he outlines how his theories Helped him to survive the Holocaust And how he developed his experience And how he generated his theories Logotherapy, of course, these are two words Logos and therapy So logos is reason, logos is also word So logos is language, logos is reason Logos is the mind of God in action If you read the New Testament The first sentences about the logos So he says that people are motivated by the logos When they look at the world, when they look at the universe There are two ways to look at your environment Either you look at it and it's totally chaotic Totally random, totally meaningless Has no direction, purpose And you say to yourself When I see meaning, when I see direction, when I see purpose I'm imposing myself on the universe The universe is not like that It's a delusion These narratives are BS Because it's me, I'm inventing them And if I'm the source of these narratives They don't give real meaning These narratives reflect more about my inner state About my inner landscape About my mental structures, constructs, introjects Then about reality, they say nothing about reality And if I force reality, shoehorn reality To conform into these narratives I'm just lying to myself So that's one way of looking at the universe And another way of looking at the universe Is the way Frankel does Saying that, yeah, humans are the source of meaning But that doesn't mean that meaning is meaningless The fact that we are the source Doesn't vitiate, negate or undermine The power of meaning, the importance of meaning And above all, the validity of meaning We can come up with narratives Which are meaningful And these meanings will be sustained by reality Science What is science? Science is a set of narratives Who creates science? We do, only we do I have yet to come across a giraffe Who creates, who creates relativity theory Humans create science And yet science resonates with the universe The universe agrees, complies, obeys, follows science Of course, it's a way of looking at it The science makes sense of the universe Imbues it with some form of operational meaning Charts it, maps it Creates maps of meaning to borrow from Jordan Peterson So science is an example of a meaningful narrative Which is essentially human, only human, exclusively human But still has its own standalone validity Independent of the source And so if we can do it with science Why can't we do it with metaphysics Or philosophy Or you know what, perish a thought, religion The human spirit imbues the work of Franco But his use of the word spirit is not spiritual It's not religious Spirit is the will What Kierkegaard called the will That's the spirit It's the search for meaning It's not a search for God It's not a search for any supernatural being It's not a search for the paranormal The search for meaning on the contrary Is very pedestrian Is very quotidian Is very detail-oriented It's very You search for meaning in your routine In your daily life In the people that surround you day in and day out Or zoom with you day in and day out You search for meaning in the virus You search for meaning in the sick wards In hospitals You search for meaning in the trenches Where millions of people die You search for meaning in hunger You search for meaning in love You search for meaning in your children And your spouse And your boring and dull work You don't search for meaning in heavens You don't search for meaning in the kingdom of heaven That is about to come Or in the second coming Or in any guru or prophet Or public intellectual Or you don't search for meaning in these places You search for meaning within yourself Within yourself He Frankl warned against affluence hedonism Materialism In the search for meaning He said that these are These are gods With a fit of clay They are idols in the biblical sense And their prophets are false prophets All these cultures and so on Frankl observed That it's actually psychologically damaging When our search for meaning is thwarted Blocked, frustrated, deformed Manipulated Althusser Louis Althusser With his interpolation So positive life purpose Positive meaning is Could be associated with strong religious belief Or membership in some group Or dedication to a cause Or upholding certain life values And reifying them in your behavior Having clear goals Purpose of life Adult development Developing into an adult Maturing into an adult Implies having a purpose Having a structure Channeling Having a direction And yes In many respects it implies Narrowing your life Channeling means being limited to a channel And this is what Clackley describes in his book Mask of Sanity Psychopaths Even gifted one Even geniuses And he dedicates a whole chapter to gifted psychopaths Their problem is not that they're stupid Or even that they are insane Although he claims that they are Functionally insane Their problem is that they reject life They reject life in the sense that they refuse to adhere To any purpose And any meaning in any direction In any order they are defined In psychopathy we call it reactants Psychopaths are reactant They have defiance And they sacrifice their own Then they would rather die Than succumb Than accept The mores and edicts And expectations of society Of peers Of family Of institutions They'd rather die And they often die So psychopathy is the rejection of meaning The rejection of meaning The rejection of maturation And the rejection of life Because to do this You must comprehend life's purpose You must direct it You must have intention Life is intentionality Intentionality creates the feeling that life is meaningful And there were many other scholars like Crumbo Maholic And they designed even something called the purpose of life Purpose in life test The PIL test It measures individuals' meaning and purpose in life And they found that in various studies that Meaning in life mediated Relationship between religiosity and well-being, for example Between stress, uncontrollable stress And substance abuse Depression and self-derogation Etc, etc They discovered that meaning is super critical Seeking of noetic goals tests Song It's another measure that they had designed And song measures the orientation towards meaning So PIL measures the existence of meaning Song measures orientation to find meaning The drive to find meaning So when you have a low score on PIL You have low meaning in your life Or no meaning in your life And you have a high score on song That predicts a better outcome in treatment Than the opposite Franklin himself suggested various ways of obtaining meaning And I quoted I referred you to this And I described the case of the general practitioner The medical doctor and so on and so forth But like Jordan Peterson much later Franklin emphasises suffering And of course Jordan Peterson continues a very long tradition Of debate about suffering Buddhism is one way of considering suffering Christianity, of course, is founded on suffering Christianity is suffering reified It's institutionalized suffering Especially in its more original forms Which is Catholicism Strangely orthodox Christianity Is centered around life and meaning While Catholicism chose suffering And the negation of life The denial of life One could argue that perhaps Catholicism is far more psychopathic Than other variants of Christianity But let's not go into this It's another video But Franklin similarly Realized the value of suffering And he said that And he said that suffering is meaningful Only And here he's distinct from Peterson He disagrees with Peterson He said suffering is valuable But only when first two creative possibilities Are not available In other words, when nothing else is available When you can't create When you can't be with people When you can't socialize When you can't do anything When you're in a concentration camp in other words When your locus of control is totally external Your life is not your own Only then your suffering becomes meaningful When Roman legionnaires March you through Jerusalem And then crucify you You are utterly powerless You're utterly helpless You're utterly impotent At that point Your suffering becomes meaningful But only at that point Because prior to that point You have alternatives And all alternatives Are preferable to suffering Franklin said that Suffering is not meaningless If it can be avoided Only when suffering is inevitable He becomes it becomes meaningful So he was very He was dead set against suffering And in this sense he was a Buddhist Of course we'll talk about it In one of our next videos He wrote another book Which I recommend to you It's it's a bit more complex And it's called The Will to Meaning Foundations and Applications Of Logo Therapy That's the philosophy And metaphysics Of Logo Therapy He makes some Some amazingly basic Observations in this book That have eluded and evaded The greatest minds in psychology For example His opening sentence is essentially There's no psychotherapy If we don't have a theory of the individual He was Remember he was an existentialist And he disagreed with behaviorism He disagreed that people are machines Or that they are Evolved rats Like if you experiment on rats in a laboratory You learn everything You have You learn everything you need to know about About humans He disagreed He said that difference between rats and humans Question of quantity It's a question of quality And he said that behaviorism is anti-human It undermines the human quality of humans He was a neurologist And he was a psychiatrist And so When you couple These essentially mechanistic Disciplines Because neurology is mechanistic It's a machine It's studying the machine The machinery The hardware of the brain So when you couple this with existentialism You come up with the equivalent of determinism But how do you reconcile determinism With freedom of will Or the will to freedom Or the will to meaning So there is an inherent time bomb In logotherapy Frankel admits That a person can never be free From every condition People are subjected to To start with physiological Biological Medical conditions And then they're subjected to sociological Cultural conditions And then they're subjected to psychological determinants I mean People are under so many constraints And that it's very difficult To assert yourself To exert yourself separately from these constraints With many many people The constraints and the limitations and the rules Become their identity Their identity is comprised of what they cannot do Not what they can do So he says that people are capable of resisting And braving Even the worst conditions He said you must You must rebel Against these constraints You must detach from the situation You must choose an attitude You must determine your own determinants You must shape your own character You must become responsible for yourself You must fight Fight back Echehomo Is a method used in logotherapy And it requires the therapist to note the innate strengths That people have And how they have dealt with adversity and suffering in life Despite everything a person may have gone through They made the best of their suffering And this is the Echehomo Behold the man The man And his story Behold the meaning That each and every one of us generates To a lesser or greater degree Okay Assignments remind you All your studies are meaningless Without assignments And what's even much worse I'm meaningless without your assignments So don't make me lose my job in this pandemic Because, you know, the only one I have Is the thing that gives my life and dows my life With meaning They wouldn't want to take this away from me Thank you for listening I received complaints from some Shoshanim That they had been discarded and replaced With baby seals and baby silets Worry not, my Shoshanim You're always in my heart You're the first and foremost So here goes Okay Shoshanim Today we're going to deal with narrative Narrative is our core identity And what happens when narratives fail In how to fix them My name is Sam Vakny I'm the author of Malignan Self Love Narcissism Revisited I am also a professor of psychology in CIAS Center for International Advanced Professional Studies The Outreach Program of the CIAS Consortium of Universities That was long wasn't it Okay Disorders of the self Narcissism borderline can be easily construed As failures of narratives Failures of self stories Now you know my view I don't believe there is such a thing as a unitary Stable immutable self Across the lifespan I believe that people have an assemblage Of self states which respond to and resonate with Environmental stimuli and changes But whichever the case may be Self states, self They have to be organized in a way Which would make sense to the individual They have to be put together somehow According to some script Some story And this story about yourself Who are you? Where are you headed to? What's the meaning of your life? What are your greatest aspirations? What are your hopes? What are your fears? All these put together in a coherent Cohesive framework Is what is known as self narrative In narcissism The narrative breaks down There's a failure of narrative Because the narcissist adopts a story About himself or herself Which has little to do with reality The story is unrealistic It's counterfactual It's fantastic Very often grandiosly fantastic But not only For example, the shared fantasy Is a narrative failure The narrative, the self-narrative Has to be self-efficacious It is intended to help us to survive It has an evolution It is an evolutionary positive adaptation Narratives that divorce us from reality For example, a psychotic narrative Or a narcissistic narrative These narratives are narrative failures It's the same in borderline Borderline we have identity disturbance There is no fixed core There's no identity It's like a cloud A femoral Ever-changing shape-shifting You can't pinpoint Or pin down The borderline There's nobody there In the sense that everybody is there The borderline changes Sometimes within hours Everything about her Including her values And beliefs And hopes And wishes And dreams Everything changes And the borderline Switches between self-states Rapidly cycles To the point that she is not In both narcissism and borderline We have a situation of absence These are disorders of absence The in both of them There's an empty schizoid core Kind of black hole Which does not contain Any continuous contiguous Jointed information Everything it's as if some Improvised explosive device Detonated amidst What should have been a core A kernel of identity And these are narrative failures Now there is something called narrative psychology And there is something called narrative therapy Where we try to fix narratives It's a form of psychotherapy We help patients to identify Values and skills Which are associated with it We provide the patient With some kind of knowledge or ability To experience these values And to exercise these skills In order to confront problems And so the way we do this Is we encourage self-authorship We encourage the patient to co-author With a therapist A new narrative about themselves And the patient does this By investigating the history Of his or her values The continuity of his or her skills Narrative therapy is closely associated With other therapies For example collaborative therapy And person-centered therapy There are several techniques In narrative therapy We start with re-offering identity The narrative therapist Focuses on assisting the patient To create a story about himself I'm going to use the male gender pronoun But of course it applies to women as well So the patient is encouraged To write a story about himself About his identity But the story has to be helpful in some way It has to cope with some issue Or problem or repetition compulsion And the work of this Re-offering one's identity Helps the patients to identify values Skills, knowledge to exercise In order to leave these values And so on so forth The therapist just listens and questions And directs this process of authorship Having identified or having pinned down Or realized the personal history And the values attached to this personal history Now the patient is able to write A new narrative or to co-author a new narrative The problem usually starts when there is a discrepancy Between the narrative that a person tells himself And the stories that other people tell about the person When there is a clash or a conflict or dissonance Between what people say and think about you And what you say and think about yourself This is very common in narcissism And that's why narcissists have a grandiosity defense Grandiosity is a cognitive distortion Intended to uphold a fantasy Intended to prevent a dissonance Between self-narrative and narratives about you From other people And so the story of someone's identity Determines not only who you are At any given moment But also your potential for self-actualization What you believe is possible for yourself In other words, your self-narrative defines your horizon The narrative process allows you to identify values That are important to you Use your skills and integrate your knowledge But it is always focused on unique outcomes It's a phrase coined by Irving Goffman Unique outcomes Expectations or exceptions to the problem That wouldn't be predicted by the problem's narrative or story Whenever we are faced with a problem And I recommend that you watch my previous videos Video about solving dilemmas Whenever you are faced with a problem The problem itself is a narrative And usually embedded in the problem There's some form of catastrophizing The problem actually communicates to you I cannot be solved or you are not good enough to solve me And so rewriting or re-authoring your story Creates unique outcomes In the sense that you find a way to solve the problem You find an exception to the problem's overriding message I am unresolvable Another technique is called externalizing conversation Narrative therapy is about constructing self-narratives But of course a self-narrative is a very important part A very important component of core identity So the approach in narrative therapy Is not to conflate identities with self-narratives And not to mistake problems with identities That is very reminiscent of the way cognitive behavior therapy Treats automatic negative thoughts Automatic negative thoughts are narratives in effect Or mini narratives But the message of automatic negative thoughts is You cannot cope with your problems They're never going to go away Because your problems are who you are Your problems are not just mistakes you have made But they reflect on who you are And so in narrative therapy we teach the patient To separate narrative about who they are Self-story from problems and issues in life Which have to do more with actions choices and decisions Not with who you are The approach seeks to avoid actually The notion that the self is kind of biologically determined That there is something like a true nature Equity and essence that you cannot escape It's a bit deterministic It's a bit fatalistic And narrative therapy is the opposite Of deterministic and fatalistic It tells you you can rewrite yourself You can reinvent yourself You can become someone different Just by sheer willpower imagination and creativity We separate in narrative therapy Identities, self-narratives from problems And we do this by externalizing conversations The process of externalizing Allows people to consider their relationships with their problems And so externalizing focuses on your strengths On your positive attributes And allows you to construct and perform A new preferred identity Which is essentially a kind of positive psychology If you wish And externalizing emphasis is about naming a problem Getting a handle on it So that a person can assess the problem's effects In his or her life Can analyze how the problem operates or works In his or her life And can end the relationship with the problem They can simply choose to disengage from the problem Ignore it in a way Or engage with it in a totally new way From a point of strength Emphasizing assets rather than liabilities And this leads usually to something Which the prominent narrative therapist Michael White Had developed is called a statement of position map The therapist is collaborating with the patient It's a therapeutic posture He doesn't impose ideas on the patient He doesn't give the patient advice He just together with the patient explores The patient's life and history Personal history, autobiography Together they uncover and examine A life unexamined They remember things past to borrow From another Jew, Marcel Proust Michael White developed a conversation map Which by the way is somewhat reminiscent To the map of happiness in cold therapy So he developed a conversation map called A statement of position map It is designed to elicit the client's Own evaluation of the problems And the developments in their life The therapist and the client are perceived as Having some kind of valuable information Relevant to the process And they create together They co-create They're co-creators They co-create the content of their Therapeutic conversation By imbuing it and suffusing it With this valuable information The therapist has valuable information About healing The patient has valuable information About the patient So there's a position There's a position of curiosity The therapist is curious about the patient The patient is curious about what the therapist Might have to say May have to say And they collaborate And there's an implicit message You already have everything you need To transform your life You have all the skills You have all the values You have all the knowledge To solve the problems that you're facing Even if you have identity disturbance You can leverage You can leverage your kaleidoscopic nature You can leverage this instability This constant shape-shifting These are not necessarily liabilities These could be construed and used as assets In a new self-narrative or self-story Which is not deprecatory Not self-critical And does not necessarily adhere Or conform to social mores and so When people develop solutions to their own problems Based on their own values On their traits On their decisions, choices and behavior On their personal history They own the process They become much more committed To implementing these solutions A common practice in narrative therapy Is remembering The therapy identifies identities That are somehow sublimated Identities that are socially conformant Or reflect somehow Or denote social accomplishments and achievements And the practice of remembering Kind of puts together these identities Which are socially condoned It tries to coalesce them To support a person's preferred story About themselves It disengages the identities That do not support the person Again, very reminiscent of how Cognitive behavior therapy deals with Automatic negative thoughts And similarly in Gestalt Michael White was actually Is actually a proponent of Jacques Derrida And he draws on his work White was curious about the values Were implicit in people's pain Sense of failure And actions which are self-destructive And self-defeating What kind of values can motivate these Why would anyone have a value Or set of values Which causes self-destruction Why would anyone seek pain in a way By adopting certain values Where does a sense of failure come from If you do follow your values You should feel great You should feel egocintonic You should feel accomplished Because you have been following your values So why don't you? Why don't you? Why do you feel so bad? Ultimately People feel pain or failure In relation to their values Or how they would prefer their Relationships of life to be These are kind of stalled initiatives That people take in life And they are also guided by implicit values By rendering the hidden text overt The implicit text explicit By doing this We actually bring to awareness Conflicts, dissonances and internal problems Another map in narrative therapy Not that therapy is very big on maps So another map is called the Outsider Witnesses Map It's a, again, everything in narrative therapy Is a conversation between the therapist and the patient This is a narrative practice It's a practice of telling stories to each other Sometimes outsider witnesses are invited As listeners in the consultation It could be other than parents Good friends Enemies Spouses Spouses are enemies Okay, you know what I mean People from the outside So they are brought into the Into the room Into the counseling process And then they They are asked to contribute They are asked to contribute to the weaving Of this yarn Of this quilt To the weaving of this emerging story And it is beautiful, beautiful to behold The narrative process as it gives rise To a totally new identity And self-story Which are much more helpful and beneficial to the client When outsiders are invited To the counseling or consultation room And, by the way, outsiders could be, for example, Other clients of the therapist Who have gone through the process And they have knowledge and experience Of the problem at hand There's no limit or limitation On who is allowed into the room During the consultation And so these people participate And it becomes a community effort Very similar to group therapy, in a way And during the first interview Between the therapist and the patient Even during the first interview Sometimes there's an outsider The outsider listens without commenting It's in order to be seen The outsider's gaze helps the patient See himself or herself through an outsider's gaze Maybe for the first time The patient is really seen The usual protocol for the involvement Of outsiders in narrative therapy Is to instruct them not to criticize the patient Not to evaluate the patient Not to rank the patient or give him over marks And not to make proclamations Opinionated proclamations About what they've just heard Or what they've just seen Outsiders are simply asked to say What phrase or image stood out for them In the narrative Or the newly emergent narrative They ask to follow resonances Between their own life struggles And the problems and issues They have just witnessed The outsider is asked in what ways They may feel a shift in how they experience themselves From when they first entered the room It is intended to demonstrate to the patient That every human interaction creates a shift Every human interaction is an effect Every human interaction hurts or elates Nothing and no one is isolated We're all relational And so any narrative and self-story we may come up with Has to take into account other people The therapist turns to the consulting to the patient The patient has been listening all the while to the outsider And then the therapist turns to him And interviews him about what images or phrases stood out in the conversation just heard And what resonances have struck a chord with the patient So there is a kind of intermediation The therapist becomes a facilitator or a moderator Between the inputs of the outsider and the inputs of the patient And the resonances and interactions between these two inputs In the end An outsider witness conversation is very rewarding It's very rewarding not only for the patient But for the outsider as well The outcomes are often remarkable where the patient is concerned They learn that they are not the only one with this problem for example They acquire new images and knowledge about the problem And they can they choose an alternative direction in life The main aim of narrative therapy is to engage people with their problems By providing them with alternative better or best solutions Which are essentially new self-stories, new identities, new self-narratives And everything is document, everything is written down exactly as an author would do Only this is a process of self-authorship with a guide or a facilitator So the person and the counselor they co-offer certificates There is for example a graduation from the blues certificate About overcoming depression Sometimes case notes are created collaboratively with clients To provide documentation as well as markers of progress I do the same in cold therapy Rewriting who you are is a first step not a last one When you are faced with situations in life Which are intractable, when you feel hopeless When you feel there's nowhere to go When you feel that it is your essence that is compromising your life When you feel that who you are is the problem Then of course you need to change who you are And here's the good news, you have the power to do so Because you are nothing but a dream You are nothing but a storyline You're nothing but a movie or a script or a theater play You can rewrite yourself You are the author of yourself and you are the exclusive author of your own life And people are out there and they can provide you with sufficient input To guide you, calibrate you Even evil people, people with ill intentions They provide you with valuable input They part and parcel of the learning curve and experience It's a teaching moment every moment So trust your ability to become someone else And trust the world to provide you with inputs and feedback Which will keep you on track Which will allow you to gauge whether you are doing the right thing Do not discard anything information or data that comes from the world All these stimuli, all these inputs are critical for your self-betterment Healing or at the very least enhanced self-efficacy in solving problems Gradually you will discover that you do have stable values Even as a borderline Gradually you will find out that reconstructing your narrative has amazing effects Not only on who you are but on what's happening to you And this is true even for narcissists Call therapy is actually a variant of narrative therapy Where we write out grandiosity and replace it with a self-narrative That is realistic and allows for enhanced self-efficacy in interpersonal relationships Thank you for listening


Hello and welcome to the session. In this session we discussed the following question which says two tangents P a and P b are drawn to a circle with centre O from an external point P, proves that angle a P b is equal to two times angle O a b. Before we move on to the solution let's recall some facts. First we have the tangent to a circle is perpendicular to the radius through the point of contact. Then the other result is the length of two tangents from an external point to a circle are equal. Then we also have one more result. In a triangle the angles opposite equal sides are equal. This is the key idea that we use in this question. Let's proceed with the solution now. Consider this figure. Here we are given the two tangents P a and P b are drawn from the point P to the circle with centre O. That is we are given that P a and P b two tangents to the circle the external point or from the point P and we need to prove that angle a P b that is this angle is equal to two times angle O a b that is this angle. Let's start with the proof now. First to call let's mark these angles. Let this be angle one, this be angle two, this be angle three and this be angle four. Now since we have P a and P b are the tangents so P a would be equal to P b. Since these are the tangents from the external point P and so they are equal. As we know that the lengths of the tangents from an external point to a circle are equal. So in the triangle P a b as P a is equal to P b so this means that angle three would be equal to angle four as they are the angles opposite the equal sides and we know that in a triangle the angles opposite the equal sides are equal so angle three is equal to angle four as P a is equal to P b. Now as we know that the tangent to a circle is perpendicular to the radius through the point of contact so O a is perpendicular to the tangent P a therefore we have angle O a P is equal to 90 degrees. Tangent is perpendicular to the radius through the point of contact. Now since angle O a P is equal to 90 degrees so this means angle one plus angle three is equal to 90 degrees. So from here we have angle three is equal to 90 degrees minus angle one consider the triangle P a b in this we have angle two plus angle three plus angle four is equal to 180 degrees by the angle some property of a triangle that is the sum of the three angles of a triangle is equal to 180 degrees. Now we have angle three is equal to angle four so here we have angle two plus two times angle three is equal to 180 degrees since we have angle three equal to angle four. Now substituting angle three equal to 90 degrees minus angle one in this equation we get angle two plus two times 90 degrees minus angle one is equal to 180 degrees since we have angle three equal to 90 degrees minus angle one. So further we get angle two plus 180 degrees minus two times angle one is equal to 180 degrees now 180 degrees and 180 degrees cancels so we get this is equal to two times angle one equal to angle two. Now from the figure you can see that angle one is equal to angle O a b so we have two times angle O a b is equal to angle two which is angle a p b so hence proved angle O a b is equal to angle a p b or you can say that angle a p b is equal to two times angle O a b. This is what we were supposed to prove so this completes the session hope you have understood the solution of this question.


Welcome everybody, sit down. We're a few seconds late for our talk. It's our first non-glass and non-seph-related talk, so that's nice. So yeah, welcome, Harshita. Hi. I have to speak a bit louder. Can I have a seat, please? Hello. Cool. So, hi everyone.  So, I'm a developer advocate, kind of a newbie in that area and a software engineer. So, I work at a company called Maya Data. We basically work on containerized storage solutions for Kubernetes-straitful applications. In simple terms, we provide storage in containerized form. So, today we are going to talk about these four bullets. First is, what is the UCFS? Why UCFS? How we use it in our storage engine? Storage engine is called C-store, and the key components which are included in the storage engine. So, what is UCFS? So, UCFS is basically the modified version of CFS which comprises of the changes which we made in CFS to run it in user space instead of kernel space, and also the changes which we require to make it as a C-store replica. So, C-store, as I mentioned, is a storage engine and it basically comprises of three things, which is a Zirappel binary. I'll come back to it. What is Zirappel exactly? The second thing is implementation of replica API, which we use for the IO operations plus the rebuilding, replication, cloning part of it. The third thing is management binaries. The changes which we made in management binaries, ZFS and Z-Pool. So, why the UCFS? So, as we know that ZFS provides excellent advanced file system capabilities, and we tried to use the ZFS file system capabilities which basically runs on an individual server to make a storage engine which is containerized and which can be run on on-premise and multi-cloud platforms. The benefits or you can say perks of UCFS is, there's no kernel dependency as it runs on user space, completely in user space. Rebuilding, the extra feature which we provided is rebuilding, which is including the ZFS features, which are already there, which is snapshot cloning, application and it is containerized means it is loosely coupled and it's API driven. Now, before going into details, how we used it and what changes we made, I'll just give you a basic architecture of the storage engine. So, on the bottom side of it, there are disk block devices and we created a pool which is called C-StorPool on top of it, and in this case, it is mirrored one, and on top of C-StorPool, we create our volumes and for the volume replication thing or factor, we create a volume replica on each node where C-StorPool is running. That pool is managed by a target pod, which can be run anywhere and now, on top of it, we then an application, stateful application which uses the PVC to create a PV and basically writes on a iSCSI device which on the node where that application is running. So, basically, application will be running on any node and that not a iSCSI client should be there, so that we can create a iSCSI device and communicate with the iSCSI target which where the iSCSI server is running. So, when it comes to this target receives block IO from the iSCSI client whenever application runs or writes anything on the device, and the target work is to replicate that block IO to the volume replicas which are on all the three nodes or any kind of node or any number of nodes, depends on what replication, how much replication factor you need, and the second thing is C-Stor replica which receives the IO and basically writes on the local storage which is our block devices. So, how we leveraged UCFS to build our storage engine? So, first thing is ZFS C-Pool CLI, what changes we made there is as we know that Z-Pool and ZFS CLI works in user space and they communicate with the ZFS which runs in kernel space, and it basically do the IOCTL call which is a system call. But as our target goal was to run the storage engine in user space, so what we did the approach we took is IOCTL redirection, where we allow ZFS to not do the IOCTL call, but instead of do create a Unix domain server. So, the ZFS CLI now runs on a Unix domain client side, and the UCFS or we which we call UCFS or the Zirappel binary, which we where the ZFS running in user space. On that side Unix domain server is running. So, IOCTL redirection as I told you ZFS CLI, Unix client is running on the Zirappel side, which is a binary where ZFS runs in user space, there the server is running. So, instead of the IOCTL calls, where did the Unix system calls, not system calls, socket calls, and then these two components make the call, and now what happens is ZFS CLI will send a command, for example, to create a pool will send a Z pool command, and with this information or command will be sent with the IOCTL information, and this ZFS CLI runs on a container as every the whole system or storage engine is containerized. So, the CLI binary is run on a C store pool management container, which is a sidecar for a C store pool pod, and it sends the information with the commands and the IP address of the target. I will come back to what is target and how we are using the target to do the IOs. Next is when the Zirappel receive the information, it runs the same functionality or functions which ZFS runs in case of kernel space. So, what is ISCSI target? ISCSI target is usually used to do the I operations and syncing of the data over the replicas, and it communicates with the Zirappel. So, two kinds of connection are made. First is data connection to send the IOs, second is management connection, which basically used for the registration of the replicas. So, for example, we created Z-wall and the Z-wall which was created will make the management connection to the target and will register itself to the target. So, the target is aware of what replicas are there. Yeah. So, next thing is implementation of API. So, the main thing is the changes which we made for the Z-pool to be able to run the Zirappel commands as IOS ETL redirection. The second thing, to be able to use the Z-wall, we skip the device creation part, because to create a device creation view, you have to go into the kernel space side. So, what we used is, we used the walls to do the IOs and to do the replication and cloning and everything. So, the I operations received at the lift or side, which is basically a layer which runs on Zirappel side to basically do the redried API specific calls. And we also created a wrapper of a DMU layer, which is a ZFS layer only, data management layer. And there, we just created a wrapper so that we can send other I operations along with the metadata. And what is that metadata is target with the I operations send a metadata, which is kind of a incremental IO number, which is stored in our volumes in Zapp attribute, which is used to rebuild in case of a failure. So, for example, if we talk about the whole flow, user created a C-store pool part. How he will create it? There's a YAML, he provided the block devices and he mentioned, I want a mirror kind of pool. Then, C-store pool parts will come up on one on each node. Then on the container, C-store management container, Z-pool ZFS binaries are running and the command for creating a Z-pool will be sent to the Zirappel, which is running on another container on the same pod. And it will ask to create a Z-pool for me. For a pool will be created then. And next thing is after a pool is created, now we want to cover the volumes. So, the same binaries will send the Z-wall command along with the target address. Target is the address of the same thing, which I told you, which is used to send the I operations. So, Z-wall will be created and Zirappel will make a connection to the target for the management connection to register the volume. And when the target sees the volume is healthy and who tells the volume is healthy, the volume only tells or sends a signal, I am healthy and then I operation will start coming from the application then to the I SCSI device, which runs on the same node to the target, then to the replicas. And yeah, so suppose, so in case of volume replicas, when it comes up the every replicas state is degraded, then it communicates with the target, then target will tell start rebuilding yourself. Though how will they rebuild? It will tell as Zapp attribute contains the IOCTL, sorry not IOCTL IO number, incremental number. So, the IO number is basically, it's a number which is, which we send incrementally along with the data, which is block data which is approximately 512 bytes. And from with the IO number which is the largest or the highest is the latest IO send to the volume. So, suppose volume three has the highest IO number. So, it means the latest IO was sent to that replica and target will tell okay, this is the volume from which you need to rebuild. So, the volume will start rebuilding and once every volume is healthy, basically we use N by two plus one factor, which is suppose there are three volumes, at least two of them should be healthy for the IOs to come up, to come in. And then, so basically LIPS store is a library, which we use to do the API specific operations on the volumes. These are the API operations which are performed through the LIPS C store API. And the components we talk about is the C store target, I already told you what it is. And it exposes the ISCSA device, which is to the application. So, as I told you the ISCSA initiative should be running on the node where the stateful application is running. So, it's the work of target to expose that disk to the application, so that application can write on the device. And it also runs as a container and it's also used to send the data and to sync by what I mean by syncing is every replica should have the same data. And C store pool, it's logical storage pool which is comprised of the physical devices or the block devices, which you mentioned while creating the pool. And pool pool is created on node and set of devices. Now, management container is the container where the binaries are running. And on the same pod, another container where the Xerapple is running, which is basically UZFS, which is a ZFS running on user space. And as Unix domain socket server is created on the servers on Xerapple side and the client is created on the management binary side. And for to directly contact with the developers who have done this thing, you can join the Slack channel and they are blocks written by the developers. And there's a GitHub wrapper for our storage engine we just see store. Thank you. Any questions? Thank you indeed. Sorry, we don't have time for questions anymore. If you have questions for Shita, please find her somewhere else and ask her questions. So if you join the Slack channel, your developers will be in direct in touch with you. So they'll be better to answer the questions as they have write the code. Thanks.


What's up everybody jason for jazby's case breaks calm 2020 panini prison football hobby six box half case break bigger teams number one just sold out guys and again Brandy release guys pulling fire already early this morning. Let's continue to pull fire here And again, I'll be actually before I start this as it says here guys Get your squads early these things are gonna be shooting up in prices and that's right guys Like I said, we get a certain amount out of at a first wave, which is always the cheapest for you guys We might have to buy up in the secondary market just like everybody else So as the prices continue to go up in the secondary market the price is probably for the pick your teams and random teams will go up That's just just the way it is supply and demand. So I know a lot of customers that got into the first two pick your teams or whatever we had We had at a certain price probably like I said that was way before the release day and it's been pushed back like so long It's been going up ever since then so Obviously, we try our best to keep the prices as as good as possible, but everybody's prices will always be different All around pick your teams will be high and some will be low but hopefully You guys can grab your squads and teams with us and we pull you guys fire So here you go. So here is the first Case or pick your team case Come on prison hobby that being difficult So we'll have two stacks I don't even want to attempt to roll a die because I feel like it's just gonna like fly everywhere So let's just use a virtual dice and there's six boxes to the left six boxes to the right Let me quickly just Switch scenes really quick and we'll use a little Die roll if I roll a one two three, it's gonna go to the left side four five six to the right side So good luck. Let's roll it and it is a three. So one two three is gonna be the left side So what should be over here these right here? I'm gonna mark them right now. Just so people know These will be for pick your team number two I Already guys There we go, and I showed you guys the customer names list PYT number one guys All right, also guys really quickly. I feel like we also just sold out impeccable The R&B so impeccable pie come after the team all All right. Good luck everybody. I've seen that Alex is pretty much gonna be on Alex and Juan break. Alrighty. Good luck guys Darren Waller and we got Darrington Evans to one of you nine Denzel memes We got OJ Howard 249 and Patrick Queen is our first autograph for the Baltimore Ravens. Joshua Kelly chase young Play there was either and Byron Murphy Wow flashbacks green scopes autograph Dante Hall 16 out of 35 Jalen Hertz and Brandon Ayuk That is gonna go to the Chiefs and Oliver Smith AJ Turrell green scope out of 75 Play there was either and Tony Gandy Golden Mike Giseke, no Ray, these are all hobby additions Sam Hubbard Jerry Judy Tom Brady brilliance To one Jennings to 175 Jerry Rice very nice little ice to 99 Kinlaw Jason hotly Mark Brunel at a 149 Some of these cars are ready getting stuck mom and it's released it. Oh nice color Jalen Hertz Very very nice 117 out of 249 for my eagles as one of Catherine Rugsy there you go Ryan you have the whole day free man, and this is torturing for you I got damn it Jason goes on early and my breaks are still not sold out I hope I can break figure 2 number 2 for you, right? I really do man Let him start deep Porter. He's gonna win us games. Just do it already Just do it. All right next one Sergio everything ships man. I don't feel like you guys watching of Eagles football to really make all that call. I Just want the W guys Just want the W Hell the Eagles and even use them all Santa do have like five carries last week Good God at this point. I rather have Hurts play now so that way everybody can see that he's still gonna get sacked like five times a game So that way Everybody realizes that it's not just on the one person. Let's just do that already. Come on Peterson Big Ben Rothesberger I Actually kind of want how I to go I don't mind Peterson to be honest, but I really want how I to go He's actually been there way longer than you should have Think about it. Jennifer. We must love this guy the fact that uh, he was there Throughout what like a little bit of Reed's career, right to the point where chip Kelly came in did good that one year They decided to give him the GM job and they still didn't fire him because they just said oh He'll still be the GM, but he's not gonna be the GM Then chip Kelly still wins the next year just doesn't make the playoffs Then the third year is the worst then he gets fired and they put Howie back in So he's just been there a little too long already You really promote it to president. All right, so I don't know The drafting has not been that wall for us Tony Gibson. Oh, let us skip over Judy I think Peterson can be there for another year But I think how he needs to go Dells Goddard this guy needs to stay. Let's just trade earths. This guy's the real deal But plus guys, honestly, I agree with the D. I agree with the JJ over DK. I think DK was a way better more potential You know, obviously it was just more his catching ability, but I Think Rager is great. Honestly I just think that the Eagles offense doesn't cater to their stars. They They don't get the ball more to their stars. You know what I mean? That that's really it He did just they're like look at instance for like all these other rookies like like What's his name? I forget it's blanking me right now Justin Jefferson per se. I think the offense caters to him perfectly. They get him the ball They make place for him. Whereas the Eagles don't really do that You know, they really don't and yeah, they probably don't have enough time to get them the ball either You know, but again, that's just my view. I Just don't think their offensive fits all that. I also think not having a real offensive coordinator kind of hurts I wish we had Frank right back For sure. I wish we had a quarterback coach because we don't have one So a lot of things need to be done. It's not just one person Harold Landry. Oh patty my home's coming up right now.   Instant impact. That's a very nice looking car rugs To kill bear CJ Henderson Glad need to 149 Shit, I hope so Mike, that'd be awesome And if I should have minor leagues to be honest They should have they should have adapted and took like those teams from the AFF whatever that would have been an awesome idea Like you have these other teams play and if they do well enough they get called up Up and down. I love that. I love a system like that Tyler boy All right, max. Well, I haven't had time to go through the orders, but when I do I'll add it to the schedule and There's the guy that haunts me DK Metcalf Looks really nice like a camo Five out of ten DK. I met this guy at the rookie premiere last year That dude is that dude is a monster Tyler lock it play it. I was a layer All right, two boxes down guys move on to the next two Did we miss an autograph They're not just oh Glad he was autograph. I was about to say All right, next one. I can see some similarities to Teo for sure Definitely. I just wish imagine of Teo With the way social media is now Teo playing in this era the way he did Like especially with my Eagles in 2004.  But you know he was a little bit raw in college You know he would he was a little bit raw, right? Hello job ball had a lot of job balls So I mean, but he's definitely I think with him though a lot of people seem to upside them You know what I mean? A lot of upside with him and I mean good for the good for the Seahawks man Kyle Duggar Ray says we were thoughts of the shorts I once gave him in his groan over rice. Oh Really? Wow, that's cool.  I mean the defense is great. I mean especially having to carry the offense really I Mean, I think the defense is just fine. I really think we kind of know what the problem is It's really more on the offense than anything Browning-Grams having a crazy career year and he's like 33 now electric Cox is always a beast I Mean what's his name admitted that he had a bad game against DK But again DK's on another level even though it's only a second year, but They're a slave for the most part has been pretty locked down I do think we need some linebacking help all those singleton has done pretty well But I think the defense has been pretty good. I can't really blame Colk met to 99 got a patch auto Bears CD lamb Anthony Gordon So you're saying Oliver there would have been no push-ups in the front yard if in today's media Oliver Probably right he probably would have lost his career right then and there although. I think he pretty much did Right well, honestly, I don't know what you expect him to do. He's not a defensive end So he's not gonna get He's not gonna get the 10 15 sacks a year I Think butcher is is paid very well for what he does Juvres Colk man who had the bears? Oh deep Porter Jack Ham sensational signatures 35 look at that Steelers Mark with that one. Oh Man more Jalen Hurts color good guy 34 to 125. Oh I see you know Benjamin This is a sign that there should be a Tua Tua and a Herbie, I think that's the third sequence Darnell Savage, Jr. I know to and Herbert match up together, but I believe you know Benjamin is a third sequence The phone Gilmore T Higgins you took gross mantos Robert Woods getting scared. I don't think I see the Herbert in two no more. Come on, you know, don't don't don't let me down Jalen Ragger. Oh It's not gonna be here. Come on, you know, I Know to and Herbert together, but I remember seeing you know all the time You can be both of the bottom.  Oh There it is There's Tua Scary that was that was a close call. Oh my god, is there not?  Alrighty guys Halfway through. I know Oliver, but damn man I've seen many Matisse eyeballs without without Zion because they overflowed to the next box. It's very sad Our next one guys Here I was on a John optic is definitely the three player sequence and optic for show also Jake from is a sequence with They're like legit always right after each other think Jake from and Jerry Judy are right next to each other all the time Does it really? Usually easier to spot sequences in a heavy base, but good to know Oh Danny Jones At a 149 Jeff Gladney Silver and Captain Morgan James Morgan The 249 for the Jets going to mark. We got Michael Pippin Jr. DJ Dallas. We got Jalen Smith Luancha song cam Acres Fede Lam and Anthony Miller to 175 Isaiah Simmons Devon DuVernay Tremaine Edmonds To 125 for the bills and Joe Bill's going to Sean Maddock George Kittle Pokemon Jordan Love I Read We got Rashawn Evans to 125 Zach Erz 249 Taylor I'm not playing Ooh Jerry Judy how about that yeah with that one hurts to Goddard Oliver hurts to Goddard hurts to Goddard Tom Brady Gardner Minshew at a 175 JK Dobbins and Donovan people's Jones Maybe Oliver, but I don't think it's gonna be her that much longer Goddard's I think Goddard's it's gonna be the guy He is he has he has a I don't know he just see just a little bit faster than him I just feel like he has a better connection as well Earth's is still gonna be one of my favorite Eagle Titans of all time But I just feel like Goddard fits this offense way better. I feel like when he catches the ball the dude explodes Like he gains like he just gains like an extra 10 yards like in two seconds But see the one thing with Earth's is he's never been a he's never been like like I'm not trying to compare them to but Earth's has never been a Travis Kelsey, right when he catches the ball He's gonna explode and cat and get another 20 yards making people miss Earth's is your your earth's is your kind of Jason Wouldn't hide it.  So So Goddard has that capability of Travis Kelsey where he gets open and I do is gonna explode You know for another 10 15 yards The one thing I don't like what Goddard though is that he needs to get better at which I'm sure he was just Kind of holding on to the balls because I feel like he's kind of fumbled a little too much In his first couple years But Earth's is great. I mean, I'm not saying he's not it's just that I think that you have Goddard He's gonna get have to get paid at some point. You know what I mean? So he's more He's more likely. I feel like you can't let him go I feel like you have to keep Goddard and if that means letting go of Earth's and trading on more Oh, we had him for 135. I Compare more Earth's with Jason Wooden if anything But the one thing that Earth has proven though is like I said, he does get open He does get a lot of targets. So when he's on the field You have to you have to account for him. That's the that's the beauty of Earth's too is that he's proven that He may not get crazy yards after the catch, but he's gonna get open so You always have to keep an eye on him Which he should be back this week, so that should keep the defense a little bit on their toes and Hopefully that kind of helps a little bit Earth's will always be a favorite Especially after that touchdown catch in the Super Bowl, of course, I think so too. He is number one definitely But you go to run the two tight-and-sets so they'll both be out there at the same time All right, next one Christian Fulton at a 75 Chase label Sean Lee Make a Fitzpatrick Steelers to a Togo by Lowe and Jordan Jenkins All right back to back to us Dolphins gonna John and there's the Herbie Eno's probably at the end of this box It's it's not always Eno first as long as you see an Eno You should know that there's a Herbert or two at some point Julian O'Bara Chin Jeremy Chin Nate Stanley Purple I love these purples well, especially when they color match Kenneth Murray CJ Henderson What up Johnny? How's it going man? Rogers. Oh, that's a nice little blue ice Packers going to Josh 48 out of 99 Xavier McKinney Mike Evans so Kwan Barkley Moss CD lamb Tyrell Williams as a culture Colin Johnson Um Well, I mean I just depends when it sells out Johnny if it sells out right now I probably can definitely add it to my schedule and break it right now after two quick breaks But that just all depends if it sells out when I'm on or sells out later when Joe's here Henry rugs Autograph for the raiders Where's the Raiders at who has the Raiders EA you got your receivers EA that you're looking for I assume Frank Clark You two girls Mato's and there's your you know And Anthony Gordon greens go at a 75 I Never know EA my add more I think more color would be nice, you know some more color all right Last box guys So yeah Roughly gonna take me about 45 minutes to break each each six boxers So I guess it said by early and often with this prism We have what eight picker teams up. I want to say Where's it six? No, it's eight, right? So I get done with at least one two or one three whatever sells out Joe should at least be able to knock out all the way up to maybe six. I assume maybe seven And then Sean is gonna do a super late night probably so he's gonna be here for a while I said all these prisons will sell out today at some point and don't worry. I'm sure flaws will also sell out I'm sure You know Allen and get your chrome will sell out What's that another Eagles fan? Oh, really? Yeah, I think the best thing guys is a ask for jasmine gift cards for Christmas Or for the holidays I should say Flawless football not sure man. That's the collegiate version. You're talking all right. I don't think we have any in stock I don't know when we'll get that again But um Hopefully soon max. Yes max what a break for you and Random teams number two man.  Congrats Todd Gurley Duvante Adams A Zack Erz 125 Van Jefferson I Think we've got a burl You've got a burl base for sure Gonna cook I see two tea Higgins. I see one Joe burl base and then if there is any other color Wow, not a burl, but nice little camel to 25 Gino Akins Brian Edwards Yeah, that's gonna number two done guys put some nice stuff, but could be a huge Huge hit hiding in the last one to one 99 Jonathan Taylor Very nice color there for the Indianapolis Colts What a Kurt Javan Kinlaw Think cowboys are the last team right last bomb on Joe Cowboys Haven't been a crazy cowboy here yet. I see some points Jesus 900 points guys KJ Hamler Henry rugs at my homes and Keenan Allen At a 75 green scope those are two all cowboys Patriots while Cowboys the biggest team which has a big rookie And then of course Patriots not too pricey, but haven't seen much Patriots either guys. So actually At least the most is there's Patriots and Cowboys in this last little stack that should give more people a Better clear picture of potentially what you can get in the second half now where there's no guarantees, but Oh Nelly oh Michael Warren to 49 Purple power. I do not know who Michael Warren is. Ah played at the University of Cincinnati University of Cincinnati here Donovan People's Jones and Jalen Rager Swift Earl Thomas And there we go guys that was the break So a lot of rookies a lot of color, of course, I mean you guys know how much color comes out of here This is the beauty of hobby So much color Very very beautiful color this year as well. I really love that the silvers really pop this year Really really nice. We got that Michael Warren just right now. So we did get 900 points guys So everyone has a shot at that So you got Michael Warren Anthony Gordon auto Henry rugs Jerry Judy Don people's Jones Jack Ham Hurts color to a Herbert base patch auto cocomat Jeff Gladney you came back after 10 Patrick Queen Dante Hall and a little Hertz color there and then um, I believe there should be some more Herbertson and To was over here as well The stack I showed you guys. It was really nice instant impact, which I don't think it's numbered actually just looks like it's a goal Paddy Mahomes color Love There's a Herbert. I mean sorry the burrow I would pull two Herbert's to to us. I might be over here on these stacks. Actually. These are all the base rookies, too There's another burrow, so we actually had two burrows. Oh, maybe there wasn't. Oh, there's a stack over here Yeah, I mean there's two herbies here. Yeah, it's over here. Okay. Cool. Well, there you go man Um, let's do that randomizer there Jordan loves no, I seen a Jordan love in here There was a base Jordan love. I mean if you're looking for color and stuff Yeah, I mean there wasn't no Herbert color or anything like that either All righty guys, so here you go. Let's put this to the side over here And let's do that randomizer. Do you have them in the second half mark? I feel like you do though, right? I Feel like the second half could be really really strong for a lot of these bigger rookie quarterbacks teams and who knows I mean Cowboys sitting there CD lab could be some CD lamb in there, too. Oh All right, gotcha man. No, you're right. It did sell it right away Now when we posted a pic of teams one and two, it was a long time ago now thinking about it now It was a long time ago Yes, all courtship on this man. Yeah, what's I'm saying man like initially We had posted on what a price that we got and I must have been a great price obviously For us to post it like that Probably found a couple places to sell them like that Yeah, the price point definitely has jumped up For a lot of these teams to be honest All right guys, so let's randomize the customer names in this break to give away the 900 points there's everybody there and Let's click the dice roller You got a three and a five eight times. Good luck. Number one gets 900 points one two three four Five three and a five six seven eight Gail, there you go Oh They're not do the right one. Oh Patriots couldn't find it. There it is. I appreciate it guys. Jaspy's case rigs.com


National Night Out gives the community an opportunity to forge relationships with law enforcement, and it's designated on the first Tuesday in August. Haiti Clowder shows us how Bemidji is participating in the festivities. It's the first Tuesday in August, and it's time for a party. Thousands of cities across the nation are celebrating National Night Out, including Bemidji at St. Mark's Lutheran Church. It's all about building community relationships between the people and the police and promoting just peace and safety in our community. Local officials from the Fire, Police and Sheriff's Department made their presence known. The gathering also allows the community to meet law enforcement face-to-face on a non-confrontational level. They are the people we represent. They're the people we're called to help. They're the people we're here to serve. So it's really important that they know us on a personal level. For Officer Kerrigan, it's the moments shared with the young kids that she appreciates. It's nice to know that they're able to come talk to me and that we have a good relationship and they're not scared of police because that's not what we're looking for. This is the third annual National Night Out Shindig at St. Mark's, and Amanda Nelson was here last year. She's with her family and enjoyed the free food, fun and entertainment, but says building those relationships with law enforcement is key. It's always nice to see them out, get good publicity. Seeing them out here is nice to build relationships with the little ones. Amanda's son, Alex, spoke with police officers and sat in the front seat of a squad car. He aspires to be a police officer one day because... They help people. After enjoying live music and playing some games, it was time to get serious with safety. There was also a canine demonstration featuring Mack, a dual-purpose dog, trained to locate drugs and apprehend suspects. It's really nice for us to come out here and show the community and all the different people that donate it to make our dogs happen, you know, what our dogs do and how they've been trained and kind of give back to them. These newfound police and community partnerships can help make the neighborhood safer for everyone. In Bemidji, Haiti Clotter, Lakeland News. And there was also a boat safety demonstration as well as a grand prize drawn. If you've enjoyed this segment of Lakeland News, please consider making a tax-deductible contribution to Lakeland Public Television.


All right, today we're here in Miami, New Mexico at Mr. Teaman's Ranch. He runs lots of yearlings up here, so we're very fortunate to get out of that Texas heat. We're about 70 days away from Ferturde, and me and my friends are up here working trying to just, from here on out, we just try to build confidence in our horse and our self and try to figure out the most possible way to win.  Just like that. I'll take that right there every day. Yes, sir. That's what we're wanting is to come out on it. Yeah, right off the back. See, we'll let everything slow down, but we also see I got control where I can ride him up, ride him away. Just think I wanted to get just a little bit inside that cow. When the cow releases you, not to quit because we'll get in the habit of protecting our horse as well. And because you want it to be a good work, but sometimes they got to fight really good right there. We had everything that would happen in a show situation happen right there. Now keep watching. Keep watching your cow. That's very critical right here. A lot of people will work on horses and a lot of people can, but me, I can. I got to watch my cow so my timing is on time and I can be smooth when I need to be and rougher when I need to be. And down right here and think small move. Don't be afraid to ask her to go do it. Good. Good, JD. Inside a cow really is eye to eye. I mean, he's not out of position, but she's cautious about that boundary. So that is inside. But you can feel that. I'm picking up from that. You can feel your horse saying, okay, right here. I've got it, but you can ride me there if you need to. And then, like he says, when you cut that good cow, you just take that extra