good evening this is crime classics i am thomas highland with another true story of crime listen the sound of brace and bit boring into wood good wood mahogany a hardwood and since this is 1821 and the tools weren't as finely tempered as they are today a resisting wood one needed to really lean into it give it muscle here's something water coming in at last but how slowly just boring holes in the bottom of the ship that's no way to scuttle it is an ax as i said mahogany is a good hardwood fine for ship's heels doesn't hold up under an ax though here comes the atlantic ocean tonight my report to you on the good ship jane why she became flotsam crime classics a series of true crime stories taken from the records and newspapers of every land from every time your host each week mr thomas highland connoisseur of crime student of violence and teller of murders now once again mr thomas highland let's talk about schooners for a moment the first one ever built was in bluster massachusetts in 1713 by captain andrew andy robbie robinson the schooner is a foreign aft rigged vessel and was much used in fishing in its earliest days however it was soon used as an ocean trader taken as it was into the hearts of ship owners since it used a smaller crew the vessel that concerns us here is jane of gibroater rig rig 4 and schooner rig death she'd carry from 90 to 120 tons and had seen service on all of the seven seas the jane was weighing anchor at gibroater on her way to brazil her captain was thomas johnson her cabin boy a youth promoter named andrew camilleer and in the captain's cabin ten pipes of sweet oil 120 barrels of beeswax 14 round jars of fine oil boy yes captain how old are you boy 16 sir you understand the promise i made to your father boy that i would return you a man yes sir continue with the manifest boys 300 oblong jars of olives 14 boxes of raisins 19 bolts of silk boy yes sir your father said you will meet too long milk fat and soft wheel harden you boy put leather where now there's down on your cheek like oh boy yes sir soften that blonde hair of yours with sea spray and muscle those thin arms boy yes sir what have you got in your hand your watch i know it's my watch and i know it was right here on my desk a minute ago i fidget sir so your father told me put the watch down yes sir my father also gave me a book called tales of the oceans never mind that the one with the manifest and that's all except the dollars sir read the manifest boy six 18 gallon casks and one of about nine and one of about seven gallons all filled with Spanish dollars to the number of 38 000 all the above to be delivered to Jose Miguel de Faria by here brazil you watch your peas and cues boy stop fidgeting yes sir after which Andrew never tried to steal the captain's watch again instead captain i saw semen smith opening a cask in the hold and dipping into the olives the youth quickly developed a sense of loyalty to his captain and the ship and its cargo and the captain sensed it good boy and did his best to instill the youth for the sense of responsibility and the next day you may flog semen smith boy here take a whip and don't flinch good boy and nearly skinned semen smith alive a youth two weeks at sea and manhood busting through all over yet with a streak of gentleness mate mate hyman yeah i came down here to cruise quarter to see how semen smith feels i've seen whipping before lad but i got stranded to you you're a scientific whipper you are and that's a true frenchie we yeah old frenchie seen whipping too you're a one you know that led rumply blonde a boy like you with cherry face and a whipper like you didn't want to do it captain knew it didn't he he's so sorry mr smith can't hear you laddie tell him how sorry i am i had to flog him unconscious there's a question i'd like to be asking you led yes sir because the crew's all asking it how did the captain know in the first place that smithy there was seen you tell captain little pinkies please please what leave me alone snitcher ain't you leave me alone or what you see this night don't you you see this night don't you please leave me alone look at him frenchie look at him with the knife we funny edit we're not gonna tell you what laddie playing with knives you'll be a well now i'll be playing too a sticking game and you'll be all over the deck in a second please please let me alone now look look laddie take that knife away from my throat then then will you let me alone oh we were just gaming laddie you're a good gamer you are put the knife away from the throat laddie that's the laddie yes one ain't even she yeah we please let's be friendly oh we're shipmates we are my father told me to make friends shipmates we are we the captain doesn't like me don't you know and you such a gamer and a nicey he thinks i want to break into the hold and steal all those spanish dollars and us just because i know where the keys are do you know 38 000 in spanish dollars them's the best kind that's what's in those casks hey oh yes sir look at you some of those dollars couldn't you frenchie yeah we don't you tell the captain i told you all those dollars oh no we should mates i'm glad i've made friends yeah it's all you have but mr paterson doesn't like me either he's with the captain all the time and takes watch over him when he sleeps and mr paterson don't know true quality in a lad mr paterson's outside the captain's cabin right now i'm such a black knight he hates me and we your friends come along frenchie there's your mr paterson for you sleeping under the stars from a valiant if he awakens you'll raise an awful row oh you know where that key is to the dollar's land yes but if mr paterson wakes up frenchie we throw mr paterson out the board we wait i read in the book it was called tales of the ocean sea how bad parrots used to tie iron to the legs of victims oh so they wouldn't float so i bought a piece of iron along here it is frenchie lash the iron to mr paterson's leg so he won't float we let's to see the captain now lad yes sir captains are very sound sleeper here's his captain be careful how you point the captain right between the eyes that's what you did lad right between the eyes i'll tell you dead in a pickle mackerel from cooper's coasties please accident weren't it lad yeah you go on a week it'll do you good that night andrew cried his heart out so forlorn was he for having shot his father's friend and his captain that he did not venture above deck and that's where all the activity was yeah tie this piece of iron to captain's leg frenchie and using a ship shank knot and a 25 pound weight they prepared the captain for sinking sank him these few hours activity was known as piracy there was also murder all together a night of property sprung as it did from the innocence of a 16 year old boy's suggestions just because the youth has read the long since man book tales of the ocean sea just because his father had gotten him a birth aboard ship just because his father wanted to make a man of him but andrew still had a long way to go boy boy never knew if so could a crime like this but it can be where's the key to the dollar's boy yeah beneath the captain's pillow hmm frenchie now we'll fit wait yes lad what do you do with the captain as we did with mr paterson now there are eight of us but smithy cannot work no not since the flogging you give in have you noticed that mr strong is feeble and recovers poorly from his drinking it's true what are you saying lad nothing frenchie we there are eight of us now but two of us ain't very useful i'd know since having them around to divide those dollars we frenchie what mr hyman and frenchie did was unlock that section of the hold where the dollars were kept remove the casks and insert two of their shipmates mr smith and mr strong it was then that the lad andrew appeared on deck what are you gonna do with those tarpots mr hyman fire them and leave the smoke into the hold where smithy and strong are why then they suffocate frenchie you are listening to crime classics and your host thomas hyland here marlena detrick as diane levolta in a new adventure in colorful spain the sultry voiced shantous helps a great bullfighter out of his difficulties in a story titled the man who wanted to die remember tomorrow and every thursday night on most of these same stations the star's address brings you marlena detrick in time for love and now once again thomas hyland and the second act of crime classics and his report to you on the good ship jane why she became flotsam some words about piracy next to being a sailor being a pirate his man's oldest profession since he took to the sea there is literature concerning this type of criminality all the way back to the finitions the vikings were great pirates and you'll be interested to know that during the roman civil wars the city itself was all but starved to death by the incursion of the old atruscan pirates now many of you undoubtedly think that piracy is a matter of the crew of one ship plundering another not so as far back as the plunder of the barcontine athena in 1702 the admiralty ruled that a crew which mutiny and murders its captain and plunders its cargo and steers the vessel off course perhaps toward a different continent a crew which does these things is lumped under the heading of pirates therefore the crew of the schooner jane of Gibraltar were pirates of this there can be no doubt i'll say let's take it to africa mates and african it is helmsman change your course south by southeast african it is lads with spanish dollars to fling and spanish dollars to spend lad andrew yes captain you nearly done landing hi captain each of us now that we are six will receive sixty three hundred dollars ah you hear that lads six three hundred spanish dollars for each of us oh marocco tangy is cairo captain oh you like africa you bonny lad whoa the sights i can show you and you the curly-headed blondie led you are you'll have the ladies nipier than first and kitty captain yes lad the african seas are filled with pirates what are you saying lad i've heard corsairs from tripplely and turks and saracens are what i'm frightened well then be frightened lad would you expect us to turn tail about and go to england may be your scotland scotland with their lonely shores and their long lonely beaches we could get ashore and nobody would know what ah wouldn't be any pirates either oh no scotland bonnie scotland oh yes yeah scotland it is help and change your course no but always and they sailed in that direction for 17 days it was a singularly uneventful voyage in passing other ships they hoisted the american colors identified themselves as the rover 30 days from new york bound for archangel and hyman went about flowed in the captain's green great coat the boy andrew stayed below most of the trip reading but one day when hyman brought him his breakfast the boy looked up from his book and he said when you're going to give orders to scuttle the ship captain scuttle it lad also be surely someone in scotland who'll recognize the ship as a jane and ask of the captain and scuttle it i say off the cape of storming off the cape of storm away and two nights later within sight of the scottish coast at storm away you remember hyman began to drill holes in the bottom of the boat here's an axe what is it you funny lad i think you should give orders to man the long boat get your backs into it man you know what's the matter with you tuna we never make it short oh hold on i tell you uh oh there she go there she go back there she go ah you stupid lump sum dammed them frescoes symbol yeah i know lad never i've never what are you saying lad you never get the car you're all drunk and i just your money will light the bottom of the sea oh now lad everything too the terrible thing now hear this now hear this what the sea did it sent a huge and wonderful wave to the scene and this huge and wonderful wave did this lifted high the long boat the dollars and the sailors and on a narrow strand of beach put them down again this huge and wonderful wave oh lie me hey ain't this something friendly oh we wave tossing us boat and all right to shore lead andrew lead yes we're saved yes we're saved we're saved give it to you lads we're saying and and it's this bonny bonny lad that's a cause of it all this lad this and this curly blundering andrew lad oh lad this is a great and good luck thing to know you to sail with your likes thank you thank you he says hey such a lad such a lad you are but the rest of that night was a terrible one the fury of the skies and the sea over that narrow strand and six men huddled there not daring to move lest they lose their way in the dark and stumble into the torrent yet even in these small hours of despair they had presence of mind enough to bury each of them part of their Spanish dollars and we should take an oath of secrecy and they each of them took a terrible oath swore never to reveal what had happened nor of the money nor the murders a good thing too for the next day a suddenly become and sunny day a group of men came running up the beach toward them what do you hear a boat broke up in the sea and prays be for a sturdy longboat who'll be you Roderick MacIvers ah way be of your fated catch the Betsy out of San Francisco I am MacIvers surveyor of customs these are my men oh and we'll want to look at your sea chess oh you corner open me that sea chess for instance now have a look now we'll see now what's this dollars now Spanish dollars now you how come a blundering boy like you with sus curvy look is that corner stand guard here while I fetch a brace of constables to this spot this has the looks of I don't know what but I didn't like it please sir how old will be you boy 16 sir there's never been a razor to my cheek hell yeah if I could see my father sir this land could I walk with you fairly heated boy could be my own son almost surely walk with me I have something to tell you sir so what happened sir mad mad what they held me prisoner out of Malton and murdered captain and mr. Patterson and nice mr. Smith and mr. strong they suffocated the nice mr. Smith and strong with smoke from a tar barrel and stole those Spanish dollars are you seeing the truth I'll take an oath on it and you'll show testify lad I want to I want to go on lad but continue with your story and I struggled with mr. Hyman with the pistol and he overcame me and kill captain and then I had that one that we call Frenchy tie ironed the captain's leg and throw him overboard and then suffocated two others with smoke from a tar barrel how old are you lad 16 my father's far away in Malta I must tell you boy as a father myself and as judge in the court of law that near have a witness such a courageous lad as you you are as candid a witness as air appeared before me your manners are modest and your statements are sincere and distinct and it is to your ado that justices try and the case of these men Peter Hyman and the Frenchman Francois Gauthier you may step down boy Peter Hyman and Francois Gauthier the rest of your crew has been dismissed as not guilty of the heinous crimes as charged but the jury has found the two of you to be beasts of the sea and guilty as charged therefore I announced to you the sentence of death which will be fought with put into execution though your crimes as charged be murder and piracy to my mind your guilt is of a far greater kind the scar is slashed across innocence the innocence of that youth sitting there gentle child of blundling curl bravely hiding the scalding hurt vipers and upon the second Wednesday of january next to come you will be dead I have here an account of the execution the two men Peter Hyman and Francois Gauthier ascended the drop at 20 minutes past 11 they remained on the platform for some minutes being administered as they were by men of the cloth but observers noted that neither one seemed to listen to prayers nor did they repeat any supplications rather did they merely stand there and shake their heads as if some observers say they did not believe what was happening to them in the pressing crowd of onlookers was seen master Andrew Camilleer close to the front smiling and bowing to those who recognized him Andrew Camilleer I should tell you and never went back to Malta nor to sea he was married next year to the comely daughter of a widower and when his father-in-law shot himself to death in six months time he inherited a large sum of money in just a moment Thomas Highland will tell you about next week's crime classic the good ship Jane tonight's crime classic was adapted from the original court reports and newspaper accounts by Morton Fine and David Friedkin the music was composed and conducted by Bernard Herman and the program is produced and directed by Elliott Lewis Thomas Highland is portrayed on radio by Lou Merrill in tonight's story Gary Montgomery was heard as Andrew and Ben Wright as Hyman featured in the cast were Herb Butterfield Paul Freese Steve Roberts and William Johnstone Bob LeMond speaking now here again is Thomas Highland next week Suffolk England in the year 1676 we will concern ourselves at that time with a rousing cocaine match a fine old castle at stake winner take all it's listed in my files as Roger Nems how he though dead won the game thank you good night this coming Sunday CBS radio's department of public affairs offers a documented progress report on the Negro in America titled the high mountain narrators will be William H. Hastie United States Court of Appeals judge and Admiral Alan G. Kirk the same production team that brought you bomb target USA 38th parallel USA parole file 732 and other hard-hitting factual documents about life in America now turns its attention on the high mountain or look at the progress and problems of the Negro in America this Sunday on most of these same stations you hear America's favorite shows on the CBS radio network


The Red Hat build of Quarkus delivers features that work in concert to help you get things done the quickest, easiest way possible. For example, setting up and configuring external services isn't always easy, but your applications depend on them. So you need a reliable, hassle-free way to make that happen. Enter Quarkus. With Quarkus, the services you need are created and connected automatically while you're developing applications that rely on them. Services can include popular databases like Postgres and MySQL, streaming message brokers like Apache Kafka, API security with Keycloak, and more. And Quarkus is great for developing event-driven and serverless applications too. By simply adding the Kafka extension, Quarkus will automatically spin up a Kafka broker, tell you where it's located, and what the Connect string is. Even when you're working with multiple applications, there's no need to manually set up and tear down complex service dependencies. Quarkus Dev Services takes care of it for you. Ready to rock? The Red Hat build of Quarkus is designed to be easy to use right from the start with features that work together in concert so you can develop applications easily, test them quickly, and deliver them to the business faster for competitive edge. Become a Rockstar developer with Red Hat. Learn more. Contact us today.


Elderly woman won't get tires changed, state trooper is listening. After an elderly woman took her car into a shop for a minor repair, she received the unfortunate news that she needed all new tires. When the 92-year-old informed the mechanic that she wouldn't be getting the tires changed, she had no idea a state trooper was listening to her conversation. Mary Summers, a 92-year-old Texas woman, had the misfortune of picking up a nail in one of her tires. Making the tire repaired, she paid a visit to Integrity Tires in Richmond, Texas, where she was given even more bad news. Repairing the punctured tire wasn't an option. It needed to be replaced, and so did the other three tires on her car. According to Omar Oregüeda, the mechanic assisting Mary, all four tires on her vehicle were in irreparable shape, making the car unsafe to drive, co-reported.  New tires for Mary's vehicle were going to set her back at least $600. This wasn't what Mary wanted to hear. Omar was the unlucky mechanic who was forced to give the elderly woman the bad news. The tire on her vehicle wasn't reputable, and the other tires were shot, Omar explained. They were already completely destroyed. Of course, this didn't make Mary too happy. Knowing there was no way she could afford four new tires, Mary insisted that Omar give her the price for only the one that had picked up the nail.  The trooper knew he couldn't let Mary drive off in a car that was unsafe and posed a danger not just to her but to the public. So, he decided it was time to take matters into his own hands. After walking up to the counter, the trooper soon left. Shortly after, Omar returned to talk to Mary. Much to Mary's surprise, the mechanic told her she would be getting four new tires that day and they would all be replaced at no cost to her. He said, they're paid for in everything. And, I said, who paid for it? And, he said, the trooper that was in here, she recalled. And, I can hardly talk about it now because I want to cry because he did that. And, he did it, and he left. These newfound good fortune didn't end there. Apparently, the trooper's kindness was contagious, inspiring Omar Oregueida to do something nice for Mary Summers as well. He gave her an oil change for free. For a stranger to take care of another stranger like that, let's all just take care of each other, Omar said. That's what it's about. Coe was able to track down the officer responsible for the good deed and give Mary one last surprise. She had wanted to properly thank the man who helped her, but she never got the chance since he paid quietly and quickly left. The new station, however, was able to rectify this one regret, reuniting Mary Summers with Texas DPS trooper Drew Stoner, the man who selflessly paid for her tires. To Mary Summers, who was down on her luck and unable to afford new tires, the Texas State trooper was a hero, but trooper Stoner said he didn't help Mary to be celebrated for the gesture. Instead, he just wanted to know she'd be safe. I'm thinking, what if she goes out on the road, and a tire goes out on her, kind of falls apart on her, and she's on the side of the road, he explained. Mary, of course, was forever thankful for the troopers' show of Goodwill.  I'm proud to meet someone that has a heart that big. I just love you to death. We couldn't agree more. Kudos to trooper Stoner for showing incredible kindness. We need more officers just like him in our communities.


what's going on guys it's your boy the DJ here today we're gonna have a destiny video and in today's video I'm gonna run you guys through my Kings 4 hard mold raid looting results now there's no point in stating the checkpoints I received shards from so getting straight into the video I'm starting on my hunter from the annihilator totems I got a 315 gold shower which was pretty damn epic don't forget guys the inspection of each reward I obtain will be shown at the end from war priest I got a non hallowed version of the quillums terminus from death singers I've got the dark hollow mantle and the clock of seven bones offering 313 defense and from Oryx I got a non harold quillums terminus a game I got an amazing smite of marine harold pulse rifle offering 311 attack and I also got the harold dark hollow grasps offering 316 defense moving on to my titan and from the annihilator totems I got a king slayer's gold shower offering 312 defense and I got the harold meters reckoning fusion rifle offering 313 attack from golgarov I got the war newman's chess piece and they also got the harold war newman's fists offering 315 defense from death singers I got the war newman's mark and I got a mark of the old challenge offering 311 defense and from Oryx I got the smite of the rain pulse rifle and I got the harold war newman's fists again this time though offering 315 defense moving on to my warlock and from the annihilator totems I got two gold showers hard mode version offering 315 defense from the war priest I got the harold quillums terminus this bad boy after the 312 attack from death singers I got a bond of the worm law and I got the worm god's burn which offered 312 defense and I also got the silence of arms shotgun moving on to Oryx and I got the xyle's bane hand cannon I got the quillums terminus and I also got the harold grasp of a gauntlets offering 310 defense but guys that is the loot I obtained and also in my characters running hard mode this past week guys let me know down below in that comment section what you guys got also let me know what you most need me personally I didn't get anything great that harold smite of the rain is a beast of a weapon with a great role on it but it's still only offered a low attack considering what you can get but I will level that bad boy up and hopefully I will get higher primary drops just to infuse it I still have only ever had one helmet drop on my warlock and that was our normal mode I think that could have been the first or second week of running the raid so I'm still waiting on a helmet drop but still to be honest I love running this raid so I ain't in no rush to well actually I do want to get to that highest light level possible but I do like running the raid and I want purpose behind me running so we ain't really bothered about getting low drops but that's just from my standpoint but guys I hope you enjoyed the video do drop a like I do appreciate the support subscribe for daily destiny and I'll catch you guys on the next one peace out on next time


Welcome to this video. Today, you're going to learn how to use later and after. This is a question that a student submitted and it's a great question. I see mistakes with these, but it's a really easy way to remember how to use them. So I'm happy to share that with you today. Of course, I'm Jennifer from jforestenglish.com and this channel is dedicated to helping you feel confident speaking English in public so you can take your career and your life to the next level. Now, before we go any further, make sure you subscribe and hit that bell icon so you're notified every time I post a new lesson. Now, let's dive in with this video. Let's talk about the difference between later and after. Later is most commonly used as an adverb and it means at a time in the future. It's not a specific time. For example, I could say, I'll wash the dishes. Now, this is just a statement about something I'm going to do. You already know it's in the future because I used will, all, I'll wash the dishes. So if you'd like to add a time reference, when will you wash the dishes? You can choose later and you can say, I'll wash the dishes later. But what does later mean? Does it really tell the person when you'll wash the dishes? Not really because it's not a specific time reference. All we know is that you're not going to do it right now and you'll do it at some point in the future. I'll wash the dishes later. Now, after is most commonly used as a preposition. We use after to show the sequence of events and those sequence of events can be in terms of time, in terms of place or in terms of order, but it is commonly used in terms of time, sequence of events in time, which means one event is going to happen later than another event. So really, it has that same meaning as later in the sense that it's a time in the future. So what's different about them? Well, it's really just the sentence structure and how you use them because after is a preposition. So I could say, I'll wash the dishes after something else. That's the key. We generally use after and then something else because it shows the relationship between two things. So wash the dishes, something else. What's the order of them? Which one comes first? That's how we use after. So I could say, I'll wash the dishes after I watch the movie. So I have washed dishes, watch movie, but I don't know the order and that's what after helps us do, show the order. And in this case, it's order in time. I'll wash the dishes after I watch the movie. Now notice how I use a full clause, a full sentence with a subject, a verb and an object. I'll wash the dishes after I watch the movie, a full clause. We don't need to do that. You can simply have a noun as well. So it could be two objects, just two nouns rather than two actions. So I could say, I'll wash the dishes after the movie, after the movie. Okay, so you don't have to use a full clause and it's probably very common for native speakers to just use the object and not include the action. I'll watch the dishes after the movie. Now here's the mistake I see students make. They say something like, I'll wash the dishes later the movie. So they use later and then they include a something, a noun or even a clause. You can't do that. You can't say I'll wash the dishes later the movie. Generally, we use later, period, I'll wash the dishes later. And that's it. So if you want to specify an action or a thing that comes next, you use after and then you can specify a noun or an action. I'll wash the dishes after the movie. That's correct. Now one final thing you can do with after is you can leave out the action or the noun. So just like I'll say I'll wash the dishes later, period. You can do the same thing with after. I'll wash the dishes after, period. We do this when the context is obvious. So let's say you and your friend just talked about watching a movie. You're sitting on the couch. You have the remote in your hand. It's obvious. So when you say, oh, wash the dishes after, your friend knows that it's after the movie. It's obvious based on context. So if it's obvious based on context, grammatically, you can leave it out and then you will have after and just a period. You don't have to specify the action or the noun. So just remember, probably the most important thing to remember is that you can't say later the movie. You can't say that. That's the most common mistake that I see. So now you know how to use later and after. So it's your turn to practice. I want you to leave two examples in the comments below practicing your new vocabulary. And if you found this video helpful, please hit the like button, share it with your friends, and of course, subscribe. And if you're a busy professional who's serious about improving your English, so you can take your career and your life to the next level, then I want you to go to my website jforisenglish.com. There you'll find a free case study. In this case study, you'll learn how to feel confident speaking English in public so you can impress your boss and your clients with your message in only 30 days. Simply click the button, enter your name and email, and you'll get instant access to the case study. And until next time, happy studying. I'll teach you a little bonus expression with later. I'm sure you probably know it already, but it's very common just to say see you later. See you later. Remember, because it's an unspecified time in the future. See you later. But I could also say something like see you after the movie. See you after the movie. See you later. So there's a couple little bonus expressions for you and I'll see you in my next video. Bye.


talks about the kingdom mandate and we have touched on many of these points earlier so I'll just you know glance over it we know that the kingdom of God is within us okay but at the same time Jesus taught us to pray thy kingdom come on earth as it is in heaven so from heaven let that kingdom come let it be established so as God's people now that we've understood so much about the king and the kingdom our desire must be to see this kingdom established in us and around us so with our lives we we continue to see the work of the kingdom thrive okay and how is that going to happen it's not just you know something that takes place automatically we have to do our part you know we pray for the kingdom to come and you know we we serve with the power of the Holy Spirit so we preach the kingdom of God we demonstrate the power of the kingdom of God so these are all things that we are involved in to see the kingdom of God come we engage remember Jesus in that parable he said do business till I come so we engage with whatever gift calling grace anointing that God has put on our lives we do our part we are good stewards and we represent the kingdom so the local church is the representative of the spiritual kingdom so we represent the kingdom of God here on the earth so we do our part right and doing all of these things and at the same time there is one passage this is in Matthew 11 Matthew 11 verse 12 it says and from the days of John the Baptist until now the kingdom of heaven suffers violence and the violent take it by force okay there's one more scripture Luke 16 verse 16 and I'm on page 64 of Kingdom of God it says the law and the prophets were until John since that time the kingdom of God has been preached and everyone is pressing into it so there is the excuse me there is the thought of violent take it by force okay meaning there is a forcefulness there is a resolve there is a determination on the part of the one who is experiencing the kingdom to you know do whatever it takes to have the kingdom and then you know the next verse that I read here it says everyone is pressing into it so pressing into it also relates to the same thing that we are making very excuse me yeah we're making an effort right to have the kingdom so the kingdom of God is something that we must desire and you could say work towards so it's not it's we're not going to experience the kingdom automatically and at least that's what we are told here but when we have an attitude that says I want to see the kingdom come I want to see the glory of God's kingdom within me and around me we know God is not somebody who will withhold right he doesn't withhold giving us the kingdom Jesus said this look 12 inverse 32 he said do not fear little flock for it is your father's good pleasure to give you the kingdom so God is happy to give us the kingdom but he wants us to position ourselves in such a way that we are pressing in we are desiring okay and we are you know it's it's like a heart crime that we have to see the kingdom of God come excuse me yeah sorry about that yeah so we we must have in other words you can put it as you know we should have an attitude like a warrior the violent take it by force so we are pressing into the kingdom now talking about the kingdom of God another thing that is key is submission to the king so the ultimate authority we talked about the authority structure and how power flows dominion flows in the kingdom in various you know spheres that that we relate to but ultimately it is God who is the king right from who all authority flows so our submission to the king in the kingdom is the primary thing okay and that is something we must never forget never forget and be submitted to the king in every way so how does this translate for us as believers we we are submitted when it comes to our thoughts we are submitted when it comes to our decisions we are submitted when it comes to our ministry right so anything and everything that concerns us we are submitted to God so we want to see his purposes accomplished in and through us so that's how it looks and that is the commitment that we should be willing to make always look to advancing God's kingdom and we've already talked about it you know we preach we demonstrate the power of the kingdom or here in our notes I like the title that has been put here I said unleash unleash you know the kingdom influence and find your position right in the in the world out there so when it comes to the workplace right God may want you to serve him in a particular way so when you find that position you know you are able to engage and you are able to advance the kingdom of God so if every believer learns to do this then we will see God's kingdom established in every place and this kingdom while we talk about submitting to the king we must also recognize that the king has all the authority but he bestows that authority dominion and power on our lives so as we go about engaging in this world extending the kingdom advancing the kingdom we have authority right authority over what authority over whom all the works of the enemy we read about Jesus one John three eight he came to destroy the works of the devil so you know that kind of authority we carry so if there's anything that qualifies as the work of the devil we can keep dominating that and keep moving forward in extending the kingdom of God so it's not that God has called us to just go ahead and do the work without empowering us to do it he has already empowered us so we can do it and we remember see in a kingdom it's not like the democratic setting right so the key person is the king and what matters is the will of the king and the purpose of the king and thankfully like you know even proverb says that when a good person rules the people rejoice but when an evil person rules the people grown right but thank God you know we have the best king we have God as our king Jesus is our king and we know that he is a righteous his scepter of righteousness it says so he is a righteous king and his purposes are what every single one of us is living for and as believers this new life that we have right and every everything that comes with it we've become a new creation we have the work of the Holy Spirit in us everything is to extend the kingdom of our king so the king is most important and that is something that we must never forget okay so this sums up the kingdom of God and the key focus of the kingdom of God and we have completed at this book and we can move on to the next book here yeah so is it is it fine can I just move on or you have anything to share okay in fact the next chapter which we will take up from the book Kingdom Builders so those of you who are looking at Kingdom of God till now you'll have to open the new book so can you please do that so we are through with Kingdom of God now and I hope you have downloaded it I had already put the link in our notes here sorry on the classwork page if you haven't then you can go to the apcwo.org slash books resources page and from there just download the PDF the name of the publication is Kingdom Builders and Kingdom Builders it's the second revised edition okay alright so yeah if you have the new one in front of you the first chapter basically talks about the Kingdom of God you know the concept of the Kingdom of God and how the church is related to the Kingdom of God now we know that the church is a part of the Kingdom of God and all of us we are the part of the body of Christ which is the church okay but at the same time when we use the term church most of us relate to the local church which is in the natural dimension but having understood the concept of the Kingdom of God we know that we belong to more than just the local church okay so we belong to the Kingdom we belong to the the large Kingdom of God which includes you know every believer which includes every believer we've also seen when we studied the Kingdom of God that it includes the believers have gone ahead of us who are now in heaven who will return with Jesus you know when he when he comes back with the Saints so they're also part of the Kingdom of God and of course in the Kingdom of God you have your heavenly beings and all of them are also included so we are a part of this big Kingdom this large Kingdom okay and it's more than just the local church and God is the King of the Kingdom Sam 24 verse 10 who is who is this King of glory the Lord of force he is the King of glory so we talk about the rule reign dominion of our King and everything is subject to him okay and we see that the local church right the local church is the representative representative of the Kingdom of God here on the earth and that is why Jesus very strongly he said I will build my church and the gates of hell will not prevail against it so the local church has been bestowed with authority has been a store bestowed with dominion and we we've seen this in the house of God you know we become the hands the feet right we execute the purposes of God and we reveal Christ to the world around us so that's the relationship of the local church to the Kingdom of God and the Kingdom and the church now because it's a representative of the Kingdom of God we have to look at it as a very powerful entity now there are many descriptions of the church in in the word of God and we would look at it no one by one but like when you think about the church we must not look at it as a very look at it as a like a feeble entity a group of people who love God you know who are faithful to God and that's about it no but from what Jesus said that I will build my church I I give you the keys of the Kingdom the church is actually an entity of great spiritual influence okay incredible spiritual influence so that is how we look at the church and the church which is a part of the larger Kingdom of God and the church has its mandate we've talked about that no we are called to preach the Gospel we are called to teach right we are called to make disciples have people come into the Kingdom so when people are coming into the Kingdom that's when we say extend the Kingdom it's growing okay so the Kingdom of God is growing and once people come in there is the establishing of all the other aspects that we talked about now we we equipped those who have come into the Kingdom with the new way of doing life new way of doing Kingdom life so there is the teaching about Kingdom culture Kingdom mindset Kingdom lifestyle so people learn right once they come into the Kingdom they learn how to be a part of this Kingdom based on the principles of the Kingdom and that's how it works so the church is constantly extending the Kingdom of God so here in our study of Kingdom builders we will touch on how how to serve well okay and how to extend the Kingdom of God now it's it is going to be about the local church but it's more than the local church that's what you know I want us to understand I know that we have another course in the same semester for your batch which is about the local church the house of God but this one has to do you know with more than just each one of our local churches so it's about how we relate to other believers in the body of Christ it's how we relate to God as the King of the of the Kingdom okay so there's a lot more that we are going to cover in this subject the Kingdom builders so there's a nice reflection questions here I thought we would take it up before we get into chapter 2 okay so this first question says you know how does the perspective of the Kingdom of God affect daily life and ministry so I just thought I would ask that to us how does this perspective of the Kingdom of God affect yeah maybe somebody can answer okay I'll try to answer yes yes we can only esteem God hire or respect God or worship him based on the knowledge and understanding we have of him and his authority so knowing him as a king yeah worship him as a king is the online the rule of everything okay okay great thank you thank you Maggie so our understanding of God right so there's that whole other dimension so far we've seen him as the savior you know as the redeemer and all those parts of his nature but now looking at him as King causes us to honor him esteem him more and serve him better that's great that's wonderful now how does it affect okay great nice nice point that Anita Anita saying fear of the future is gone yeah that's true because he's the king everything is subject to him and we are his people right we are in submission to the king okay so there is no fear of the future true true how does it affect our ministry the perspective of the Kingdom of God how does it affect the ministry that we do can I share yes yes of me please in terms of ministry you know we are connected to people from different people groups maybe states cultures but our foundation being Christ we you know we have that comfort level of being part of one family and when we are sharing with each other we are not concerned about anything else except our identity in Christ our body unity in the body of Christ exchanging love with each other irrespective of denomination irrespective of culture state or nation you know we connect because whatever time we have spent I spent as being a born again Christian God has connected me to different people in different parts of the world and so we have attended so many other churches but when we enter a church we don't feel anything other than you know you feel it's a family for us you know we may you know offices my husband joins a different office so we don't know people in the office we don't know people who are in the neighborhood as soon as we enter the church we feel at whom we feel yes this is the place we belong to and from there you know our journey begins and we feel so comfortable and then you can talk to people on the same ground and we know that they will understand us yes yeah thank you thank you I mean that's that's really wonderful to know so we feel connected to people outside of our local church because we understand the the concept of the kingdom that it's larger we can relate to the the body of Christ the larger body of Christ okay so yeah thank you thank you only yes Charles you have something to say yes when it comes to ministers and the kingdom you know in our place there are kingdoms that were instated by the current president but our our culture they did not we instated the kingdoms the kingdom in our in our in our tribe some other tribes the kingdoms where we instated and they have kings they have culturally does so they you know what it means to serve a king they you know all those things they're supposed to do but for me when it comes to to kingdom mindset again I have to again study I again study I don't know whether you are getting me because I am not brought up in a kingdom a kingdom culture so it is continuation of studying and studying and studying you know when you have a king and you have the kingdom things in your tribe then you are able to to have to have the right thing and you are able to know even when you are relating it to the kingdom of heaven but I thank the Lord that at least I you know God as my king and also that I am a subject in the kingdom and I'm supposed to serve they did I have learned about kingdom I'm able to write in my ministry thank you sure sure yeah thank you thank you Charles and I'm sure even as we are going through this book you'll understand more about the kingdom perspective okay I missed some comments here in the chat so Anita is saying we do not struggle with the humanly emotions Prabhakar decisions are not temporary okay we look at the big picture while making decisions okay yeah I think it's in relation to what we were talking about earlier so yes that's that's good yeah and the additional thought here is that once we are in the kingdom the kingdom mindset kingdom culture kingdom lifestyle these are things that can be taught these are things in which people can grow right and once that is established in our lives wherever we go we carry that we carry the kingdom lifestyle we carry the you know kingdom culture and remember we said it it is contagious right so we can spread it wherever we go so that again is something about kingdom living ah yes Anita please go ahead and ma'am like being kingdom subject to kingdom of God we are interested with hospital so as God has commanded us and he always he has always and he has always he's also given us that gifts as to carry out whatever he has interested in us you know to go boldly in the world and take the word of God yeah yes yes thank you thank you Anita so so like you engage you advance you unleash the kingdom the kingdom is within you but you know it it's like in you and it has to be released through you so you go and serve as an ambassador of the kingdom wherever God positions you so it's nice you know we we are getting the perspective the kingdom perspective now we will continue to study a little bit more about the kingdom and then we will move into talking more about how we can build this kingdom okay of God or be contributors for the advancement for the strengthening of the kingdom of God so chapter 2 has to do with exalting the king so Christ is the king of the kingdom and that's very obvious because scriptures talk about it now Paul who himself was a kingdom builder and his he was completely committed to serving this king you know he says that you know this is a great king so he describes this king in 1st Timothy chapter 6 verses 15 through 16 where you know he says that our God he is the king of kings and the Lord of Lord so he is the highest okay whom we serve we cannot talk about kingdom building without positioning the king in his place in our minds and in our hearts that is the first and foremost thing that we have to do give the king his position of respect of honor of reverence so even Paul knew that he knew that the God we serve he is the king of kings and the Lord of Lords so once we understand that then the way we go about building the kingdom will be you know inappropriate so Christ needs to be understood as the king whom we serve and all of us who are a part of the kingdom we are here to serve the king okay and and when we realize that no we are doing our part in submission and faithfulness to our God okay and in faithfulness to our king now Paul writes in 1st Corinthians 3 okay it's it's another passage where he talks about the fact that different ones of us we serve the king okay we serve the king but the kingdom is is built in whatever we have to contribute okay so this is a beautiful passage in fact 1st Corinthians chapter 3 it's there in our notes I am on page 6 of kingdom builders can someone read it please 1st Corinthians 3 there's verse 6 and then verses 9 through 11 in our notes itself 1st Corinthians 3 6 9 11 I planted Apollos watered but God gave the increase 9 for we are God's fellow workers you are God's field you are God's building according to the grace of God which was given to me as a wise master builder I have laid the foundation and another builds on it but let each one take heed of how he builds on it for no other foundation can anyone lay than that which is laid which is Jesus Christ amen yeah amen thank you thank you Anita for that so we notice here the last verse we've been saying that Christ is the king right our God is the king of kings and he is the Lord of loss Christ is the foundation it says for no other foundation can anyone lay than that which is laid which is Jesus Christ so he is the prominent one whom we must serve in the kingdom but Paul also understands that there can be different ones of us doing our part and yet serving one king and serving one kingdom so here he points out that the people who are serving right together with him so he says I planted Apollos watered but God gave the increase so he sees the people who are doing ministry together with him as fellow workers but all of them as fellow workers with God okay so God has a purpose and we've been talking about it we have the kingdom mandate and you know we have to live be representatives of the kingdom of God the local church is a representation each one of us is a representation but here Paul is saying that we are fellow workers of the kingdom we are fellow workers with God okay so whatever we are doing each of us it's contributing to what God wants done so the context of this is basically you know when Paul moves on from the the Corinthian church he hands it over to this very eloquent teacher by the name of Apollos okay and he's just trying to help the people understand that look and you know after that there were some cliques in the church there were people who wanted only Apollos and they were you know they they were sort of fans of Apollos and then some others preferred Paul but he was trying to tell the people that look you know it's not about Apollos it's not about me it's not about you know others who serve you but this is the kingdom of God so he says there can be many different people similarly even in our case different ones of us we are working but we are fellow workers together with God and we are here to build the kingdom of God in whatever we do God's kingdom is being built up and we could have you know different roles here so he says I planted Apollos watered so at different stages right so maybe somebody comes in they saw the seeds somebody comes in they take care of God's people and there's some growth that's happening and after that stage you know another person comes and you know they they probably teach some deeper truths to God's people so things like that everyone does keeps doing their part but ultimately it's God's kingdom and he's the one who brings the increase and another thing that you notice here when we talk about kingdom building okay what is it that we are building okay what what is it that we are building rather the question should be who is it that we are building so when we talk about the kingdom of God we are actually referring to people right building people because Paul says here you are God's field you are God's building so he was talking about the believers in the Corinthian church and he was saying that you know when we when we want to I don't know how to put it but the the actual growth must come in the lives of the people okay and it's not about it's not about accomplishing anything outside of God's people right so it is about people so when we talk about kingdom building it is about building people and that we must not forget you know we could just have like good infrastructure we could just build all those things you know create all those things for for the kingdom of God but if people are not knowing God through it and if they are not growing in God through it then it's of no use so that's what Paul is saying yeah he's saying when we say kingdom building kingdom is the people of God kingdom building is about building up God's people and we must not forget it okay so we are here to build people we are here as co-workers with God we are here doing our part but whatever our part is it is bringing some form of growth at some stage right wherever God has strategically put us so that is a little bit about the king and the king being the center and the way we contribute to kingdom building and in all of this you know we must make sure that our relationship with the king is what is important okay and that's the primary thing so here in 1st Corinthians 3 11 we saw for no other foundation can anyone lay than that which is laid which is Jesus Christ okay so from here Paul is letting us know that we are standing on Christ so if Christ is not there if he is not the head or if he is not the preeminent one then we have no existence we have no stability and we must never lose the foundation right without the foundation a building cannot stand we can talk a lot about kingdom building but if it is not based on our relationship with the king then the building is not strong right we can talk about ministry ministry strategies we can talk about you know how to advance the kingdom of God we can talk about you know good leadership we can talk about church growth principles so many things in ministry like you know there's there's ample resources there's information explosion out there and we can spend time on everything but you know the foundation of kingdom building is actually our relationship our dependence and our submission to the king so when we have that in order everything else makes sense but if we have everything else and not you know our submission to the king in our personal lives right in in the ministry that we do then we are really missing out on the right way of building the kingdom so every kingdom builder the first thing that they should have is a strong relationship with the king everything begins there and you know it's actually easy to be distracted by even ministry it's easy to be distracted you know with our identity you know like you know I'm a minister and I belong to and then you you you're probably caught up in your kind of ministry or your denomination or your network of ministers of God so many things but you know not that those things are bad but our focus must be our relationship with the king and when that is fine all these other things you know the ministry that we do and our relationship with other ministers of God other kingdom builders if you want to call them no it'll be healthy okay so keep the king as the focus and our ministry should be about exalting the king okay the kingdom building should be about exalting the king so we must remember that and we must make him the main person or the preeminent one here there's a scripture passage from Colossians 1 which talks about Jesus being the preeminent one or the main person and our ministry our kingdom building should do that so in whatever we do if the king doesn't become the focus right if for whatever reason the focus turns to the minister you know maybe the preaching of the minister the ministry even like you know people look at the ministry but it's not about exalting the king right if the focus shifts from exalting the king to all these other things then you know we must really be wary about that because that's that's not true kingdom building true kingdom building is it starts from our right relationship with the king our submission to the king and while we are building the kingdom we want to exalt the king okay it's not about exalting ourselves it's about serving the king and while we do that exalt the king you know we must also remember that the kingdom is gods okay in in the Lord's prayer Jesus taught us to pray thy kingdom come okay whose kingdom is it it is the kingdom of the Lord so I think I brought this up earlier in the in the previous session today you know when we say my church your church you know my kingdom my ministry I mean I see where we are coming from but at the end of the day you know the kingdom the ministry it's all the Lord's and we just said right from 1st Corinthians 3 we said we are fellow workers we are co-workers with God so we do our part faithfully but this kingdom belongs to him right and so he is the one who needs to be exalted and we must acknowledge we must acknowledge who is this kingdom is because when we do that what happens we are more focused on his will rather than how we want to take this okay and we are more focused on executing his purposes and we are more focused on you know how we can relate to the kingdom or you know kingdom building or building God's people in the right way so these are all things that we must bear in mind okay in kingdom building now once again bringing the focus to God and glorifying him alone there are quite a few scriptures that are given in this chapter about glorifying God Matthew 6 13 where Jesus taught us to pray for yours is the kingdom the power and the glory forever amen so who's exalted in a kingdom who gets all the praise you know as the king enters and it's the king the king is always exalted and we must keep it that way and the king must receive all the glory so we're not here to glorify ourselves so while we are building the kingdom knowing these things as the basics or the foundations really helps because then you know we we can build the kingdom with the right attitude so it's always about exalting the king it's always about bringing him the glory even Jesus said you know nobody if you speak of your own glory then that's not good right so one must not seek his own glory but the person must seek the glory of the one who sent him so we are here for the sake of the king and we are here to exalt him as king now you know it might sound very theoretical at this point but practically when it comes to ministry right having this as a foundation will help us answer the why questions in our hearts right so like for example I'm just giving you one example when you have a very big large opportunity maybe you can preach to a big congregation and you have been invited to preach so before you go and you preach you ask yourself the question why am I doing this okay so if I have this mindset I am part of the kingdom I'm in submission to the king the king has to be the preeminent one and the king has to be glorified that will be my motive right so I will think that okay when I preach today you know God's power has to be demonstrated people must know God better through the word through the power they might forget my name they might forget my jokes okay if at all there are any jokes that is so they might forget and are a wonderful way of presenting what we did but we leave behind the king we make sure the king is glorified okay and that is kingdom building but on the flip side if you know to the question why why am I doing this if it's more about I want to preach well or you know I must this must be my best sermon or something you know for for the style in which I'm preaching if we can have all kinds of answers to that why question but when we know that Christ is the king I'm co-working with him in building the kingdom the people are the building okay and I'm here to build people up and and I want to do it for the right reasons which is to glorify God it's not about you know a kingdom builder it's about the king God must be glorified the king must be glorified the kingdom must be extended so these are some of the foundations and as we are learning this right it it will be very helpful as we step out and serve in any capacity because we can answer these why questions okay and we will have the right heart for ministry why we are doing what we are doing okay so I think I will build on this in the next class but just something to start off our subject here on the kingdom builders so let's always remember that it's about exalting the king and it's about glorifying the king so any any thoughts on what we have just discussed before we wrap up today okay okay all right I don't think so okay fine fine fine yeah these are the basics and I think it's quite easy to to understand and we could just meditate on these things and also pray these things through and say lord help me to recognize you as king help me to serve you well to be a kingdom builder for the sake of glorifying the king right so I think this can become prayers for us okay so let's close today's class and I would like to request someone to please pray and close it out please can I pray yes yes Charles please go ahead father god we thank you so much for this wonderful morning thank you for the thoughts that we have received about the kingdom of god and the kingdom building Lord we are now told that we are for builders we are co-workers we again the building our it's a complex thing but you who is more complex we pray that you will teach us on how to understand the complexity of the whole matter and that will be able to apply all the things that we've learned and Lord that will be able to be used to build you in the kingdom building thank you for past and our lecturer thank you for all that we're able to call in and we pray that you will continue to guide us as we read and commit our times to studying the word and be able to be equipped rightly dividing the world of truth thank you we love you in Jesus name of friend believe amen amen amen thank you thank you Charles for the prayer and yeah so we are done for today god bless yes thank you everyone bye for now and we will get back next class please use the kingdom builders notes okay so from next class we will refer to kingdom builders apc publication all right thank you thank you everyone god bless thank you take care bye


This is the VOA Special English Economics Report. The United States Postal Service has reported a loss of over $5 billion from April to June. The Postal Service says it expects to report a loss of $15 billion for the 12-month period ending in September. And it has warned of even bigger losses if Congress does not let mail service change the way it does business. The United States Postal Service, or USPS, has a history as long as the nation's own. Benjamin Franklin was appointed the first Postmaster General or head of the Postal Service in 1775. But the Postal Service says its income has not kept up with growing costs. For example, profitable first-class mail is decreasing. The service says most of its recent losses resulted from making payments to its health care program for retirees. About a billion dollars of the loss was for payments to injured workers. The news from April to June was not all bad. Improvements in the economy fueled income growth of 9% from shipping and delivery. The Postal Service says it is less costly to send letters and packages in the mail than to use private companies. The USPS says it has cut operating costs by a total of $14 billion in the past five years. To improve its financial health, the agency has proposed cutting service on Saturdays. It wants Congress to cancel a requirement that the Postal Service make payments to its health care program for retired workers. USPS also wants the Treasury Department to return $11 billion in payments made to its pension plan for retirees. On August 1st, USPS failed to make a required payment of $5.5 billion for health care benefits for future retirees. It was the first time the Postal Service has ever failed to make such a payment. And the service is warning that it may have to delay making payments to companies to which it owes money. The Postal Service says that without major changes, it will continue to lose billions of dollars a year. The Washington Post newspaper reported that Postmaster General Patrick Donahoe told reporters, Congress needs to act responsibly. In his words, this is no way to run any kind of business. The Postal Service receives income for its operations from the sale of stamps, products and shipping services. It does not receive direct government assistance, but is controlled by the federal government. For VOA Learning English, I'm Laurel Bowman.


And I will ask Shauna Shenwell to come online. And Shauna is gonna be talking about evaluating women's and midwife's views of a midwife-led continuity of carer scheme. There we go, let's just give her a moment. Shauna, welcome. So Shauna has been a practicing midwife for eight years and currently works in Dundee, Scotland for NHS Tayside, supporting and caring for women on the postnatal ward. During her training, Shauna developed a passionate interest for research and since qualifying has always balanced working as a midwife alongside working on several research projects. Currently, she's seconded to the University of Dundee, mother and infant research unit as a clinical academic fellow. Shauna feels that both roles complement and inform each other and she highly values the importance of research in developing midwife-free practice and care for women and their families. Shauna's long-term goals are to continue to develop her research experience and complete a PhD. So Shauna, once again, welcome. The floor is yours, just give me one moment to hand you over the speaking and the control of this. Just bear with me here. And there you go, welcome. Thank you very much and hello, everybody. I'm Shauna and, as Alimea said, I'm a midwife and also a researcher with the mother and infant research unit at the University of Dundee and it's through my work at the university that I conducted this research with Dr Andrew Simon and Justine Craig, who was the head of midwifery at NHS Tayside at that time. So bear with me a second. So I thought I'd start by painting a bit of a picture for you. So midwifery care in Scotland, midwifery care in the United Kingdom is provided by the National Health Service and is free at point of access. Women contact their local midwifery team to arrange their care and normally meet with their midwife for the first time when they're around eight to 10 weeks pregnant. Midwives will be the lead health professional for women deemed as low risk during their pregnancy and provide care during the antenatal, interpartum and postnatal periods. Women are referred to a range of multi-discipline health and social care professionals as required or requested by themselves. And currently, most women will not be guaranteed to be cared for by the same midwife throughout their pregnancy journey, although that is something that is changing and I'll discuss that later on. So continuity of care. It's recognised that high quality midwife-led continuity of care improves outcome for both women and their babies. And continuity of care increases women's levels of satisfaction in the care that they receive as well. Likewise, midwives have reported in research that working within a continuity of care model finds that they have lower levels of work burnout, anxiety and depression when they compare to them at the time when they worked maybe in a more traditional model of midwifery care or when being compared to their colleagues that still work in that model. So as I said, continuity of care may not be something that women are party to just now with their midwifery care, but this growing bank of evidence combined with women expressing the wish to know their midwife is currently being reflected in UK maternity policy. So in 2017, the Scottish government published the new five-year plan that they have for maternity and neonatal services called the best start. And here you can see one of the recommendations within the study, sorry, within the report is that women experience real continuity of care and carer across their home maternity journey with vulnerable families, so women with additional needs being offered any additional tailored support that they may require. But what the best start also suggests and recommends that any new models of care offering continuity of care should be audited and evaluated, and that's what we did during this research. So setting the scene of where the research conducted and where I work. So NHS Tayside is one of the 14 health boards within Scotland in the UK. You can see I've highlighted it in green for you. It's quite central Scotland and has a mixture of regions from one of Scotland's largest cities to quite rural areas as well. Historically home birth rates within NHS Tayside were low. So in 2015, only 0.28% of the women cared for in NHS Tayside actually gave birth at home. In response, March 2016, midwifery management introduced a case loading continuity of care model which incorporated planned home birth. So a team was set up which women would join if they wished to birth at home and also they received then continuity of care. But in line with the English birthplace recommendations, the model initially offered this to Paris women, so women who were having, this wasn't their first baby, and they were also considered low risk. The NHS home births team, as I said, NHS Tayside, that area in green, it has three counties that become NHS Tayside. So there's Perth and Kenross, Dundee City itself, and again this area in green is Angus. Angus is sort of sandwiched between Dundee and Aberdeen, which are the third and fourth largest cities in Scotland. And Angus has an annual birth rate of around 1,000 women which approximately 30% at that time were considered would be eligible to join the home birth scheme if they wished. When it was set up, there was initially two part-time midwives who cared for women in the scheme. So booking when the women phoned to see a midwife because they knew they were pregnant, they would be asked if they would be interested in finding out about having a home birth, and then they would meet one of the two midwives within the worked in the scheme, and they would talk to them about their options of where to give birth, and then care for them throughout their pregnancy, and they split that workload equally. As the scheme progressed, the staffing went up from the two part-time midwives to three full-time midwives, and they cared for all women who then joined the scheme. They also had some women that they cared for that aren't choosing to have a home birth, but they still care for them in the same way. So the Angus home birth scheme had to be assessed to see if it was going to work and whether it was going to make a difference to the number of home births and also whether they were able to achieve continuity of care. So it was targeted to increase the planned home birth rate within Angus, just Angus, to 3%, and that women would receive 80% of their care from their primary midwife. So the objectives of our study was to meet one of the recommendations in the best start, and that was to audit and evaluate the scheme. The primary objective was to assess the extent to which low-risk Paris women in Angus opt for and plan a home birth with continuity care throughout the pregnancy childbirth continuum when they are offered this as a service. Secondary objectives were to evaluate the characteristics of those who opt for the service and achieve both a planned and home birth and continuity care. To evaluate the characteristics of those who opt for the service, but do not achieve both a planned home birth and continuity care. And finally, the last one was to assess using a quality care framework, the perceptions and experiences of service users and service providers concerning the pilot scheme. And this presentation that I'm giving to you today is going to focus on this last objective. So the methods that we used to carry out the research, women who joined the home birth scheme with an estimated due dates between October 2016 and March 2018 were invited to take part in the valuation study. Women who expressed an interest in the study were then invited to focus groups, either by telephone calls, text messages, or emails, and sometimes a combination of both, or all three. The focus groups were also advertised on a close Facebook page set up by the home birth scheme midwives. And that sort of gave the study a bit of kudos within the women as well, because they really had a trusting for the midwives and the fact that they were supporting the scheme probably helped with the recruitment. Midwives from the home birth scheme and also from the wider community midwife team were also invited to focus groups to share their own experiences of providing care or supporting the home birth midwives to provide care within the continuity scheme. So the data collection that happened, we ran four focus groups, of which 16 women attended. We had one face-to-face interview, because sadly for that woman, she was the only woman who turned up for that focus group. So she ended up with a one-to-one interview. We had one focus group that had six community midwives, and then the final focus group was a joint interview with two of the home birth scheme midwives, as the other home birth midwife was attending a birth, so she couldn't be at the focus group. As I said, we were planning on doing a quality care framework for the focus group, and we based this on the five components of the care, five components of care as identified in the Quality, Maternal and Newborn Care Framework, the QMNC. The framework has identified five categories that good maternal and neonatal care should comprise off in order to be quality care, and we asked questions around these five areas. So we looked at the practice categories, organization of care, the values, the philosophy, and also the care providers. And we asked a couple of main questions for each category, and then any additional questions that may have arised through the discussion in the focus groups. All of the sessions were conducted by the same researchers, and we shared the roles of facilitator and note takers. So the researchers were myself and Dr. Andrew Simon, who works as a at the University of Dundee, with also within the Department of the Maternal Mother Infant Research Unit. With the participants' permissions, all sessions were recorded. They were then transcribed and anonymized, and transcripts were analyzed by both of us using Richie and Spencer's method of thematic analysis and using the QMNC framework as a guide. So what did we find? Initially, we identified there was three principal themes that was coming out through the discussions from both the women and the midwives. And they were organizational structure and work culture, relationships, information and support. These were the things that were important to the running and the success of the home birth scheme. But what we also started to identify as we did more and more of our analysis of the transcripts were that these three themes were actually dependent and interconnected. They didn't stand alone. They weren't silos. They all relied on each other to be successful. So the organization structure and work culture, if that was in place and the midwives were given the time in order to see women, then that helped build relationships. The relationships helped build the information support, being able to feed back then into the system, help their organization and structure. And the information was vital and for, as you'll see later on, for the structure to actually work. So we started to realize that there was an interdependency between the themes. But what we also noticed was that there was a number of sub-themes that each of the three principal themes shared. And they also were related to each other. My slide seems to have lost words, sorry. So there was effective care, home birth, and then, my mind has gone blank, but the effective care used flexible, tailored, sensitive, safe, and family-centered. That's what effective care actually needed in the end. And it was that that we were looking at. So if we had any quotes that talked around those, then we put that down as effective care. Home birth was obviously a factor that was unique to the study. So if I take organizational structure and work culture, to start with, to develop a working partnership, the home birth midwives adopted a flexible working pattern which enabled women to choose appointment times to suit their family life. So in order for this scheme to work, the midwives needed to be working within a scheme that was flexible enough to give them appointments to suit the women. And Fiona and the midwife identified that women really loved the fact that we were able to see them at any time of day. So they would go out in the evening if that suited them and also suited the women and fit it in with her family life. So it was a far more flexible working pattern. Fiona also believed that flexibility removed the time pressures of traditional appointment systems which improved information sharing and relationship building. So we can go out and visit, maybe you would have 20 minute appointment here, but we would go there for an hour and discuss anything we wanted. So the fact that they had the flexibility and they weren't stuck to sort of, as she says, 20 minutes appointments knowing that the next woman would be waiting outside to see her, they could spend time and discuss information that the women wanted to share and that helped them build the relationship. They didn't feel rushed, they didn't feel time pressured and neither did the women. So the relationships could build and be more fluid. Women echoed to the midwife's thoughts on the benefits of the scheme's flexibility. Nancy also recognized this enabled the midwives to form relationships with their other family members. So it was a far more holistic approach to the family care. It wasn't just the women going through this process herself, her whole family were involved in the care of her pregnancy. So Sophie was really good at fitting it in my family life around about when she was coming in. Jessica, her daughter was full of questions and Sophie would answer them with doubts thinking about it. Jessica I think was about three or four at the time. And Nicole felt that the appointments in her home empowered her and left her feeling in control and that her views were respected more than in the medical care settings. So all care in the home birth scheme was done in the women's home as far as possible. She obviously had to come into hospital for any scans, any unplanned care or so, any triaging and any medical care. But care from the home birth midwives was done all in the home. And she felt that because we're inviting the midwife into our home, they're kind of more respectful of your space and what you're wanting to do. So because she was in her home, she felt that the midwife, there was a power shift between them and that she was more empowered to be in control of the situation because she was in her home environment somewhere where she was comfortable and somewhere where she didn't feel that that power setting was maybe with the midwife more than with her information and support. So Rebecca developed a trusting relationship with her midwife, Kate, and due to the continuity of care, her information was shared easily. She just makes you really feel comfortable because if you've got any questions that you might have felt a bit, I don't know, silly or intimate or whatever, it felt comfortable. You didn't have to keep re-explaining things to new people. So she just was able to build that relationship and then because she had the relationship and the women spoke about friendships as well with the midwives, she felt more relaxed and maybe before she wouldn't have asked questions, she felt with Kate she could ask anything. And then it then meant that Kate was able to build more information and able to tailor Rebecca's care to her needs. For Nicole, continuity was also a positive experience. I had met the other two midwives as well, but having Sophie come every week just made me feel more confident. So again, Nicole's talking about the confidence that this continuity being in her home and the continuity care gave her. The scheme was set up so that the three midwives would meet all women who were in the scheme. So if, for example, Sophie wasn't able to attend Nicole when she was in labor, then she would have met one of the other two midwives so it wouldn't be a stranger coming into her home. So there was still a relationship building happening. Information and support again, sharing information effectively and efficiently between the team members was vital for women to receive safe tailored care and the women believed this was achieved. So Tanya had the experience that Dr. White, one of our consultants in NHS Tayside, she's very supportive of home birth. However, she recommended that I don't birth at home on this occasion, but after every appointment I would speak to Sophie about it and she would then in turn speak to Dr. White. And so I always felt like everyone was in the loop. So this was important for the system and how the information and supports feeding back into the organisation and the organisation, the fact that these referral pathways and the relationships between midwifery staff and medical staff were in place before the scheme started and allowed the scheme to function without the women feeling their care was interrupted. And relationships. Earlier Nicole had recognised the benefits was receiving care in her home environment. The advice also felt that being invited into a women's home promoted relationship building. So Kate identified that I think women are a bit more relaxed and like a bit more honest, more of a relationship in their own environment where they feel comfortable and they feel control in their home. So she's echoing what Nicole had said. She recognised that because the women were relaxed and in their own environment they were more comfortable and in more control and probably opens up a bit more to her. She also then went on to say that so when you're in somebody's house you're seeing how they live and issues perhaps of this and that and you can discuss specific areas if you know public health. So she identified that because she was seeing how the women lived she could tailor her conversations while she was there in order to meet the needs. She maybe saw something in the women's house that she thought I need to speak to her about this. She maybe wouldn't have told me that if I had come to the hospital she'd come to the hospital but because I'm here then I'm able to have this conversation. So the midwives felt the home-invited environment provided a deeper understanding of the women and how she lived in her family. Elaine valued the relationship she's developed in the effective individualised care she received from the midwives in the scheme. Here she describes how her care this time had differed from her previous experience which had been a birth in the hospital. So they're really of... They're obviously really passionate about home birth. They really made you feel safe, secure and valued. Sometimes you just don't get the same value in hospital.  The midwives always took more time to get interested and you genuinely were interested. And this feeling of you're not just another number was quite a common theme that came through from the women that they really felt that they were a person. She was Elaine. She wasn't that part of two that was needing to come and get some bloods done. She was the women and the midwives really understood each other. And I think for a woman to feel safe and valued and secure in her pregnancy is what we're all aiming for. So the scheme was really benefiting that and aiding it to happen. And one of the outcomes that we noticed and has become apparent through some of the quotes that I've said is the home environment helped empower women to establish control of their pregnancy and birth. So Mia, I love the fact that when they came into the house it made a big difference. I don't know. It just may be a lot less, not stressful, but you just made it feel like you had ownership of your birth rather than being some medical procedure. So here again, there's this talk about, I'm not just the number, this is my birth. This and being in her home gave her the power and empowered her. And she felt she had an autonomy over her, the decisions that were made. And so it gave her the agency to be able to do that. And although the home environment was important, she continued to care and the relationship that midwife also empowered women. So Nicole again has said, I had Fiona and it was just great to have her at every appointment. Yeah, she made me feel so comfortable right from the very start. And yeah, I went on a birthday anyway. So that positive relationship and that ongoing relationship with her had built her confidence and made her feel more enabled to birth the way that she wanted to. So it empowered her to continue to care, not having to tell her story over and over again and just being able to talk about issues that really were important to her at that time gave Nicole, empowered Nicole to birth the way she wanted to. So I've just, so in this discussion, we identified the three principal themes and how the success of continuity care scheme was dependent on the correct management of each theme and the interaction between the themes and sub themes. For example, without the supportive infrastructure, midwives not have the flexibility or time to ensure continuity care for the women in the scheme. Continuity care and flexible appointments helped mutually trust in relationships to develop and consequently fostered two way information sharing. Information sharing enabled tailored, sensitive and safe care to be provided and knowledge transfer which in turn enabled women to feel empowered and in control of their pregnancy and birth. To see in the chat, somebody's asked, is this only impossible if related to home birth? Why not envisioning this and why not envisioning this as a character to the whole profession? So in this research, the study was done in relationship to home birth and since then in NHS Tayside, we have introduced in continuity of carer and Angus, everybody now receives continuity carer whether you are birthing at home or whether you are birthing in the hospital or in the midwife leg unit. And I do think and we feel that continuity of carer was important, the home birthing, but the home birth definitely helped but it wasn't the only factor. And as I'm just going to say some points to consider, unique to the scheme was the home environment which was believed to aid the relationship building. Therefore, anyone wishing to establish a similar scheme within the traditional clinical setting will have to overcome the potential barriers of the clinical environment need to try and move away, women not feeling that they are just another number. Midwives also must be allowed to take the time away from work and therefore it's important that boundaries and expectations are set and agreed by all parties at the start of the relationship. I think what had happened with the two midwives who had started in the scheme, they never really switched off their mobile phones and they would answer text messages from the women in their care at any time, regardless they were part time, so they did have, but even on their days off they were sort of squeezing in an appointment to see someone. So the midwives who work in the scheme now really have for their protective time off and it's recognised that they need to be able to have time off and with their family. And effective communication is vital between multidisciplinary team members to ensure safe care and this must be supported with a robust referral system when there is a need to escalate care. So in Angus, they were supported by the consultant, Dr. White, who was supportive of home birth, but also the ambulance service of transfers where needs, the labour suite of transfers were needed. The home birth midwives spoke about that if they did need to transfer the women, they would stay with that women when they were in labour suite in order to continue that relationship and make and help that women feel safe rather than feeling abandoned that she's been handed over to staff in the hospital. And that's real continuity care. That's continuity care, isn't it? It's making sure that women feels she's been built up this trust and relationship with you and the midwives felt that you couldn't just turn around and hand over to a labour suite midwife, although the care would be the exact same, that women had that relationship with them. And I just thought I'd finish with some birth stories. So overall, all of the women interviewed were positive about their experiences, even those who did not manage to birth at home. Women have gone on and are sharing their stories with family and friends, thereby they've normalising home birth in Angus. Angus does now have a high number of home births. Hannah said, I have a friend who's pregnant just now and she's actually now planning a home birth because I told my story. I had a few people who had gone on to home birth app or had spoken to Vivian. And Mia said, yes, I've told everyone. I can't stop talking about it. There's seemingly a village in one of the villages in Angus which most women are now having home births because their friends have had home births and it's escalating and rolling and it's just become, we don't actually have a home birth team now. It's just become the norm in that area and they continue to care and that they are able to, the women are told their options for where to birth if they want to birth at home, they birth at home, if they want to birth in the midwife unit or if they want to choose to come into nine wells to the labor space, that's their choice. But it's far more open conversations now. And I mentioned that this was only one of the outcomes. So there are two papers that we have written from the study and that's the references for them that discuss the findings for the main outcome, the primary outcome and the other secondary outcomes in the study. And I'd just like to take the opportunity to thank all the women in midwives who took their time out to take part in our study. And that's our references. And thank you very much. I'm just, Amina, do you want me to look at the chat? Yes, thank you, Shauna. There's some of this continuity, Royzen says continuity is the key to building the relationship and open and honest conversations. Even better if in the home but can translate to the hospital setting too as certainly feedback from my caseload is the same person leading out on care and access in between appointments with capacity to fit in extra visits if it requires. So yes, continuity is really the key in building these kinds of relationships. But for this study, it happened to be a home birth scheme as well. So we can't, so that has fed in to the outcomes. But yeah, absolutely. Continuity care was equally as important in building those relationships without the continuity. I don't know what happened to that slide but continuity was the third. The main thing that I forget. But without continuity, that relationship wouldn't have built. It wouldn't have mattered if a different midwife was going out to the women's home every time. That continuity, that relationship wouldn't have been there. It was a fact that the midwife was the same midwife going out and building the relationship. Yes, and relationships are so key when it comes to care during the pregnancies, right? Okay, great. Now there's another question here that says you refer to weekly visits as well as having freedom to have longer visits. Now how sustainable is this and what sort of midwife resources do you require? Example, what is the caseload per midwife? How many boots per midwife per annum? Yeah, so their caseload, I think they were set up to have roughly 35 women on their caseload at any one time. Angus is quite a rural area, which means that they are, if you, Scotland has quite substantial hills and we can have women in very rural locations. So perhaps that would reduce the number of caseloads because of the travel that some of the community midwives would be doing. So yeah, 35 was the number of the caseload that they had. I think in the year after we did the research, they had increased the number of births to over 50 at home in the year, which doesn't sound a lot, but when you've been 0.28% of all the births, it was a substantial increase. So they did manage to increase, but in our findings, they did manage to increase from that 0.2% up to 3% of births when we're at home. We worked out the percentages of those who booked and obviously some of those pregnancies don't continue. So that 3% is including anybody who booked for pregnancy. It's not just looking at those who birthed in Angus, it's those who booked for pregnancy. Yeah, how sustainable is this? So they had a flexible working theme that meant that they could be sustainable. The midwives themselves spoke about it that because of the home birth element, if they were called out for a home birth, the women were flexible enough with them that they could phone up and say, like I was out last night, I didn't get in until whatever time in the morning is it okay if we push your appointment back? And they said, because the women could potentially be having their own birth at home, then they were quite happy to do that because one day they knew it could be them that had the midwife out in the middle of the night. So they were quite happy to do that. Great. But yeah, there has to be, and that's where the organization in care comes into. The organization in care has to support it and it has to be that there's enough midwives to allow a caseload of a practical number that midwives can work in that way. No, of course. And I'm so, so glad that you brought up the point that they are actually, they have protected time because I know what it's like to be pregnant and wanting that constant support. So that's so, so important that that's being given to them. I see Roshin trained in PRI. Hi, Roshin. Yes. Great. So I don't see any more questions. I think if there are any more questions, please do drop them in the chat box. Shauna, this was so, so enlightening. And I want to say thank you so much for sharing this incredible knowledge. I see a few people are typing, so we might have a few questions. Mary says, it sounds like such a wonderful way to work. I'm a student midwife and looking forward to working this way. Thank you very much. So there you go. This is a great, great inspiration for a lot of people who are getting into this field. Yes, we're definitely, it's being introduced with the best start. The NHST side are moving towards working in the best start model. So with continuity care, Angus is fully continuity care. Perth midwives, where Roshin is talking about, and they are in the process of working continuity care. So they are all on call for there. So they work on call for the women to come into the midwife-led units to give birth. So it's not necessarily at home. This is the scheme is set up that if the women go into, they're on call for the women on their caseload if they're going to birth in the midwife-led unit or at home. So yeah, it's being introduced and Dundee is sort of getting there. But it's a much bigger area. So it's harder to put into place. Of course, of course. Brilliant, okay. So thank you everybody who has been here. We have learned so much from each other and the work that the midwives are doing. We have just dropped some links for our VIDM as we go forward.